WEBVTT 00:15.533 --> 00:20.233 [US Public Health Service. 1798] [Music] 00:20.233 --> 00:28.399 [It's Up to You: Dengue-Yellow Fever Control] 00:28.400 --> 00:35.966 [Produced by U.S. Public Health Service, Office of Malaria Control In War Areas, Atlanta, Ga.] 00:35.966 --> 00:42.399 [The Aedes Aegypti Mosquito, a carrier of dengue and yellow fever,] 00:42.400 --> 00:48.200 [has followed man completely around the world, causing severe epidemics.] 00:48.200 --> 00:53.266 [This mosquito is prevalent in the southern states.] 00:53.266 --> 00:59.099 [Dengue and yellow fever occur in many parts of the world.] 00:59.100 --> 01:06.133 [Global travel increases the chances of introducing these diseases.] 01:06.133 --> 01:13.499 [Dengue fever steals time! Yellow fever steals life!] 01:16.900 --> 01:22.100 [Narrator:] By air, by land, and by sea. All routes lead to this southern city. 01:22.100 --> 01:26.733 Beautiful scenery and sunny skies attract many additional residents each year. 01:26.733 --> 01:34.366 Unfortunately, this climate is also ideal for one of man's worst enemies: the aedes aegypti mosquito, 01:34.366 --> 01:36.832 carrier of dengue and yellow fever. 01:36.833 --> 01:40.299 [Music] 01:40.300 --> 01:46.000 [This is a record of the prompt reaction of the people of a city] 01:46.000 --> 01:51.900 [when confronted with the possibility of an epidemic of dengue or yellow fever.] 01:51.900 --> 02:16.366 [Music] 02:16.366 --> 02:23.366 [Dengue-Yellow Fever Epidemic Possible. Surveys conducted by Local Health Department disclose alarming conditions] 02:24.033 --> 02:31.399 [Aedes Aegypti Mosquito. Principal carrier of dengue and yellow fever found far more prevalent than normal] 02:31.833 --> 02:39.433 [Public Aid Necessary. Health officials request the public to help combat the danger from mosquito-borne diseases] 02:40.400 --> 02:47.366 [Health Officials Continue Inspection Tours. Numerous permanent mosquito breeding places reported by authorities] 02:50.433 --> 02:58.266 To combat this menace to the city, an officer of the United States Public Health Service cooperated with the local health department. 02:58.266 --> 03:03.199 One of the first steps in the campaign was to discover permanent mosquito breeding places, 03:03.200 --> 03:10.700 such as old cisterns, basins, shallow wells, fire barrels, and numerous other containers capable of holding water. 03:10.700 --> 03:14.800 Health officials had constantly warned the people of these dangerous conditions 03:14.800 --> 03:17.600 and of the way mosquitoes spread to smaller receptacles. 03:22.766 --> 03:30.366 After a period devoted to study and surveys, the extent of breeding of the dengue and yellow fever mosquito was determined. 03:30.366 --> 03:35.332 A special meeting of health officials set in motion the anti-mosquito campaign. 03:35.333 --> 03:41.733 It was decided that a concerted effort would be necessary, enlisting the aid of every source of publicity 03:41.733 --> 03:45.766 together with the organized individual efforts of all the people. 03:54.466 --> 04:02.199 With the health of an entire city in jeopardy, the mayor promptly issued a proclamation regarding the urgency of the situation 04:02.200 --> 04:07.833 and asked that everyone participate in eliminating the dengue-yellow fever mosquito. 04:14.066 --> 04:21.766 Newspapers proved particularly valuable in awakening the public to an understanding of their common danger and mutual dependence. 04:21.766 --> 04:27.999 [Aldermen Back Move to Extend Mosquito Drive] 04:30.566 --> 04:35.632 Officials of civic organizations assisted to help officers in recruiting leaders 04:35.633 --> 04:41.266 and obtaining cooperation from the public through knowledge, rather than action enforced by law. 04:52.500 --> 05:00.333 Theaters exhibited short films showing methods of control of the dengue and yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti. 05:14.766 --> 05:20.166 Teamwork was stimulated in schools as a direct result of the educational programs, 05:20.166 --> 05:26.299 which included the showing of motion pictures on mosquitoes, their life habits, and various methods of control. 05:30.166 --> 05:33.566 Children are impressed by this method of presentation. 05:33.566 --> 05:37.232 Such knowledge acquired by these citizens of tomorrow 05:37.233 --> 05:42.433 will be of great influence in the building of healthy, prosperous communities of tomorrow. 05:44.900 --> 05:49.333 [WTSP] 05:50.800 --> 05:55.433 Progress of the campaign was broadcast daily by local radio stations. 05:55.433 --> 06:01.466 This method was most effective in reaching the housewife, the self-appointed guardian of the family welfare, 06:01.466 --> 06:06.032 whose cooperation is vital to the success of any health campaign. 06:09.533 --> 06:13.599 Instructions and educational material were supplied to the Boy Scouts, 06:13.600 --> 06:19.333 since they had volunteered to inspect homes and tell the people about the hazards of the city. 06:19.333 --> 06:22.566 Districts were set up based on geography and population. 06:25.466 --> 06:31.999 As an additional incentive for action, it was decided to give a V merit award to cooperating residents. 06:32.000 --> 06:37.933 Pamphlets on the aedes aegypti mosquito were made available for distribution to every home, 06:37.933 --> 06:45.666 together with an instruction sheet showing methods of destroying their breeding places and posters urging definite action. 06:51.033 --> 06:56.599 Newspaper publicity gave the necessary day-by-day stimulus for a successful campaign. 06:56.600 --> 06:58.366 [Schools Begin Drive Against Aedes Aegypti] 07:01.233 --> 07:08.299 School children were eager to take part in the mosquito control program, since they had been so thoroughly informed of its importance. 07:09.833 --> 07:16.899 Teachers emphasized the necessity of the campaign by personally distributing literature for the children to take home. 07:22.400 --> 07:29.066 Parents were interested and realized the need for eliminating the dengue and yellow fever mosquito. 07:29.066 --> 07:33.532 They welcomed instructions on how to get rid of mosquitoes in and around their homes. 07:36.233 --> 07:41.799 A call to arms found the Boy Scouts prepared and anxious to undertake their duties. 07:43.033 --> 07:49.433 After being instructed by their leader, they started on their way to distribute pamphlets and inspect premises. 07:55.633 --> 08:02.666 The Scouts greeted housewives in their usual polite manner and consequently received cooperation and assistance. 08:02.666 --> 08:10.366 Each scout had received instructions about possible breeding places and was determined to make a thorough inspection of each home. 08:10.366 --> 08:15.166 This attitude often stimulated the housewife's concern and careful observation. 08:19.000 --> 08:23.200 If it holds water, it will hold mosquito larvae. 08:29.733 --> 08:33.433 Another home, another scout, and another housewife. 08:37.333 --> 08:43.466 The water in this container is fresh. There are no larvae here, but they could develop within a few days. 08:45.533 --> 08:47.866 But let's look in other containers. 08:51.433 --> 08:57.033 Ah, here they are! Who would imagine so many larvae in such a small piece of pottery? 09:04.333 --> 09:09.566 Any container capable of catching water is a potential mosquito breeding place 09:09.566 --> 09:13.566 and should be immediately destroyed or emptied and turned bottoms up. 09:18.600 --> 09:24.433 A careful search is necessary to find the hidden containers which provide permanent breeding places. 09:26.800 --> 09:31.933 Larvae become mosquitoes. Mosquitoes carry disease. 09:42.933 --> 09:45.766 Inside or outside, it makes no difference. 09:45.766 --> 09:51.766 Man-made containers, small and large, harbor aedes aegypti mosquito larvae. 10:04.366 --> 10:10.632 Discarded containers of this type should always be given to salvage and garbage collectors without delay. 10:10.633 --> 10:15.166 Constant protection of the family health demands constant vigilance. 10:24.866 --> 10:28.932 All drinking pans should be emptied and washed at least twice a week. 10:28.933 --> 10:32.433 Mosquitoes breed continually and are most prolific, 10:32.433 --> 10:36.899 one mosquito being able to lay hundreds of eggs within a single day. 10:45.266 --> 10:51.532 After each home had been thoroughly inspected, the cooperative housewife was given a merit award. 10:51.533 --> 10:59.699 Display of this award was evidence of her intention to continue keeping her home free from dengue and yellow fever mosquitoes. 11:07.133 --> 11:10.166 Informative articles published in the newspapers 11:10.166 --> 11:14.999 were effective in making housewives conscious of mosquito breeding places. 11:16.800 --> 11:21.266 The effect of this information was often instantaneous. 11:21.266 --> 11:27.599 Horrified? No wonder. Such a small plant and all those wiggle tails in the water. 11:40.166 --> 11:45.766 All water plant recepicles in the home should be emptied and scrubbed twice a week. 11:59.766 --> 12:05.199 The stems of the plant should be carefully rinsed to remove any remaining mosquito larvae. 12:05.200 --> 12:14.800 A simple operation indeed, but only by such precautions can any home be kept free of the disease-carrying aedes aegypti mosquitos. 12:22.366 --> 12:26.632 [Health for Victory. No Dengue Mosquitoes Breeding Here. We have fulfilled our duty. Merit Award] 12:32.200 --> 12:38.433 Since most water plants grow well in soil, it was recommended that, where possible, the change be made. 12:38.433 --> 12:41.233 Potted plants never breed mosquitoes. 12:53.933 --> 12:57.233 Girl Scouts were enlisted in the all-out campaign. 12:57.233 --> 13:03.533 They discovered and destroyed numerous breeding places, including those in cemeteries. 13:05.100 --> 13:10.066 In order to stimulate greater interest in the collection and destruction of mosquito larvae, 13:10.066 --> 13:14.899 school children were encouraged to collect the wiggle tails and feed them to minnows. 13:14.900 --> 13:20.533 Such action also emphasized the importance of fish as a protective measure. 13:24.333 --> 13:30.366 Minnows like these, when placed in garden pools and similar places, eat mosquito larvae. 13:36.900 --> 13:40.000 Every section of the city was thoroughly inspected. 13:40.000 --> 13:43.366 Vacant lots were found with accumulations of refuse. 13:47.066 --> 13:54.099 The scouts punched holes in containers to make sure they would never again be capable of holding water and mosquito larvae. 13:55.600 --> 14:00.033 Community cooperation is essential in all health education programs, 14:00.033 --> 14:04.966 since clean-up in one area contributes to welfare of the entire community. 14:08.166 --> 14:15.266 Mosquito larvae are often found in unsuspected places, such as old discarded tires containing water. 14:15.266 --> 14:19.366 There's just about one efficient way to get water out of these tires. 14:22.700 --> 14:24.133 And this is it. 14:24.133 --> 14:32.233 [Boy Scout puts the heel of his foot inside the tire as he pushes the outer wall of the tire out as he slowly tilts the tire to let water out] 14:32.233 --> 14:38.899 After the water is removed from such tires, they should be stored in dry, sheltered locations until salvaged. 14:40.733 --> 14:49.433 This man, by cooperating in the campaign, helped protect the health of his family and neighbors, thereby receiving the merit award. 14:54.000 --> 15:00.166 Thousands of rusty, damaged containers were promptly removed from homes by the city sanitary department. 15:00.166 --> 15:05.666 This is one of the most effective methods for the permanent elimination of mosquito breeding places. 15:07.800 --> 15:14.966 A brief survey of the huge collection was made by health and sanitary officials before salvaging or destruction. 15:21.033 --> 15:27.299 Posters were displayed throughout the city to keep the public ever mindful of the mosquito menace. 15:34.766 --> 15:41.732 Store owners contributed window space for unusual exhibits, conveying to the public the danger of mosquito breeding. 15:41.733 --> 15:45.666 Various methods of aedes aegypti control were presented. 15:47.933 --> 15:53.433 The display of live mosquitoes and larvae attracted the attention of thousands of people. 15:55.966 --> 15:58.766 [Yellow Fever Wrigglers and Adults] 15:58.766 --> 16:01.832 [Keep fish in your pools. They eat wrigglers] 16:01.833 --> 16:08.466 The larvae-eating minnows impressed many spectators as being an effective way to combat the mosquito hazard. 16:11.300 --> 16:16.266 The aroused public attitude assured the success of the anti-mosquito campaign. 16:16.266 --> 16:21.299 [Music] 16:21.300 --> 16:33.166 [Dengue-Yellow Fever Threat Averted. Public praised by Health Officials for prompt, efficient cooperation during Anti-Mosquito Drive] 16:38.633 --> 16:46.466 You have just observed how one city awakened to the potential danger of uncontrolled dengue and yellow fever mosquito breeding 16:46.466 --> 16:49.999 and cooperated in an urgent community project. 16:50.000 --> 16:55.300 By organizing the entire population of the city, immediate results were obtained, 16:55.300 --> 17:02.266 and citizens continued the control program to ensure permanent freedom from dengue and yellow fever. 17:05.433 --> 17:11.233 Every community has a wealth of resources, but its greatest resource is its people. 17:11.233 --> 17:18.666 Capable leaders can develop the power and ability of the people to assure a victorious mosquito control program. 17:18.666 --> 17:20.099 It's up to you! 17:20.100 --> 17:21.733 [Music] 17:21.733 --> 17:30.966 [The End. Edition I, MCWA-TE-4-016.0, Office of Malaria Control in War Areas, Atlanta, Georgia]