H *r Cl-?Jtl**£r»x f ^ . H ) Eutrotmctotrg atotrms, CATALOGUE OF STUDENTS ATTENDING ', She Annual (SEourae of Hecturcs ON , DELIVERED BY f. h. Hamilton, m. d. AUBURN: Published by the Class — January, 1837. rC"A ° O.-. Oliphant & Skinner, Printer "0;^lC, F. H. HAMILTON, M. D. Dear Sir,—At a meeting of your Medical Class it was unanimously Resolved,— That an expression of our gratitudo bo rendered you for the kindness and urbanity manifested; and the ability displayed in your course of Lectures—and a request for your introductory lecture for publication. Yours, &c. in behalf of the Class, H. H. Northrop, 'j 8. P. M. Hastings, | J. H. Carruth, } Committee for tho class. C D. Mynderse, D. A. Force, J Auburn, January 10, 1337. To Mr. II. H. NORTHROP, and others, Committee in behalf of the Class : Gentlemen,—The address you have requested for 'publication, is but a crude and imperfect outline of the. value of Anatomical Science ; yet, if in your judgments, it may in aDy degree subserve the purpose for which it was originally designed, and lead the community to a fair consideration and more just estimate of the importance of this science to our profession, or tend to remove any un- founded prejudices which oppose its prosecution and advancement, I shall not be unwilling to accede to your request. Accept, 'therefore, gentlemen, my per- sonal regards for your polite note, and assure the class you have the honor to re- present, that the sentiments of friendship they have communicated are fully ap- preciated, and altogether reciprocated, and that my address is at their disposal. Your obedt. Servant, F. H. HAMILTON. C h- ADDRESS. Gentlemen,— Flattered by the kind attentions and assurances of satisfaction given by my former classes, and urged by the strong solicitation of my friends and pupils, I have been induced again to appear before you as a private lecturer. And you would greatly depreciate my motives and mortify my honest pride, were you to entertain the sus- picion that I present myself with the claims of an itinerant—job-lec- turer—an idle peddlar of spelling-book science. I contemn the call- ing, and would sooner grub the earth for a mean subsistence, than lecture from the beggarly motives of pecuniary interest. A conviction that demonstrative lectures, or personal dissections, are the only possible methods by which anatomical information can be obtained—a desire to impart knowledge on a branch of science highly interesting and intimately connected with the weal of man- kind—conjoined with a determined, and may I not add, laudable am- bition to excel in the " noble science," have alone actuated me. Not, gentlemen, to rise in excellence merely as a teacher, but in the more exalted and highly responsible sphere of a practitioner. I therefore present no claim but for your unwearied attentions and just criticisms ; no indulgence for errors or pardon for ignorance—this were impertinent. The science we pursue is too important in its re- lations to allow the careless admission of vague and inaccurate state- ments—or rash and adventurous theories. To make false instruc- tions here, is to expose to imminent hazard the life and health of com- munity. The unskilful pilot who should direct the helmsman where to steer, not knowing himself in what latitude or on what shores he had fallen, would soon wreck his vessel and sacrifice the crew to his ignorance and temerity ; and the unwary patient who trusts his life carelessly to the skill of an operator who is wrongly instructed in 4 these first guiding principles, the latitude and longitude of his science, is alike exposed to the dangers of an early wreck. That you may fully appreciate the necessity of correct instruction, you should first be taught justly to estimate the utility and importance of the science in its several connections and applications—and for this purpose we now beg your attention. In its application to operative surgery the importance of anatomv is at the present time, conceded by most, if not by all—the poor and affluent—the learned and unlearned—the prejudiced and bigoted are prompt alike to confess the superior skill of the practically inform- ed surgeon. Even the superstitious old woman who shakes her head suspiciously, and mutters an ill-omened curse as the name of the un- holy student of the charnel house, is uttered, will, when in her ague of fear she shatters her brittle bones, seek for the same unsanctified man to adjust the several parts, and restore her limbs to nature's comely proportions. Indeed we may bless a liberal providence that most of us have a sufficient store of common sense to discover, that neither Sweet with his instinctive—hereditary faculty of adjustment-*- por Thompson with the mysterious power of pepper and steam, can arrange a dislocated or fractured limb, or perform any surgical oper- ation, unless they possess both anatomical knowledge and profession- al skill. And yet, we plainly assert that we are mostly the dupes of a most consummate imposition, and that not one in fifty who have re- ceived a surgeon's degree and are permitted to practice their butcher- ies among us, are much better qualified than either the "natural bone- setter" or the "patented steam-doctor," or even the ancient Barbi Ton- sores, or Barber Surgeons, who shaved their patients, cut hair and bled. We hazard nothing by the assertion, it is a matter of common observation and remark by the profession ; and if it is not known to the community who are themselves the victims of such ignorance, it is either because we have sometimes preferred to conceal the lowness of professional acquirements among us, or because they have attri- buted our honest exposure to the burnings of a spirit of jealousy and interested rivalry. If, however, intelligent men will not acquaint themselves with the necessary attainments of a surgeon, and the competency of those they employ, they spill their own blood. They "PiUJfnow, when the red current gushes from the hidden wound, made 5 by the unskilful hand, and life hurries to its end, their fatal error, This is no eruption of smothered envy, or dismal boding of a diseased, excited 'imagination. We have ourselves been witness to the very scenes we describe. We have seen the deep vessel incautiously cut, and while the agitated operator has searched in vain and with blind des- peration amid the purple gore, the unfortunate patient has closed his heavy eyes, and gradually sunk into a fatal syncope. We have seen, a youth turn and writhe in the agonies of suffocation, as the knife entered the trachea, and the untaught surgeon probed rashly and un- ceasingly for the fatal obstruction in every direction but where alone it should be found, and at length desist and leave the noble boy—-a mother's idol—to gasp, convulse and die in the terrific struggle for breath. Again, we have seen a lovely maiden in the high tide of health and life, seduced into the hands of an ignorant and self-conceited ad- venturous operator, eager to essay his skill and spread the fame of his bloody exploit. We have stood and sustained the head during a thrice protracted operation—till the brow became dewed with a cold sepulchral sweat—the eye fastened—the features contracted, and the chest heaved with a convulsive and irregular respiration—and till the total extinction of sensibility, gave notice that the vital spark was almost out—that the silver chord of life was nearly loosed, and the wheel broken at the cistern. She died—another martyr to ana- tomical ignorance and blind confidence, and her friends laid her pale form, with many tears, beneath the sod. We have witnessed enough such scenes : yet, we have not seen the one of a million which stand recorded in the long and daily lengthening column upon the dark cal- endar of surgical crimes. It is not sufficient, gentlemen, that a surgeon acquaint himself with the number and order of the bones—the names and situation of the viscera; these are but the grand divisions, the continents and the mountain ranges, seen at once upon the globe's surface; but the lesser hills, the bays and promontories, the rivers and the numerous brooks, canals and sluiceways which penetrate the interior, are not yet observed. Such anatomical acquirement might indeed enable him to carve and disjoint a turkey, or canvass-back with sufficient skill, but would never qualify him to carry the scalpel through the gory wound amid the mazy structure of muscles, tendons, ligaments. (i nerves, arteries and veins, and not untune one of its thousand strings. Neither is it sufficient that he has diligently read Horner, Hell, Velpca.i, and furrowed his brain with their elaborate descriptions; ho mav, it is true, attain a rich vocabulary of technicals—verba pom- posa et voluminosa, yot know as little of the structure of the body and be as incompetent to practice surgery, as the mechanic to con- struct a house who has studied from Lefevre, Nicholson or Benjamin. the different orders of architecture, and the names and situation ol their respective parts, but never seen them in a building, or handled a mechanic's tool. By demonstration alone can the proper attain- ments be made; we should say rather by actual dissection alone. The student therefore, who would be a correct anatomist or skilful surgeon, must himself trace out the numerous vessels which carry out the vital moisture and irrigate the remotest parts of the human system. He must unravel the infinitely multiplied nervous threads whose invisible aura conveys with electric speed the feelings and sym- pathies of the most distant member. He must carefully separate every fascia which envelopes the body, every muscle and every ter.don, ob- serve where they seize upon the bone,what the direction and mechan- ism of their action, where the lever, and where the fulcrum rest3, mark at what point a vessel or a nerve intersects its course, whether it plun- ges into its belly and is lost, or creeps along its side and is spent upon other parts. He should also acquaint himself by comparative exam- inations of what deviations may occur, and what their probable effect. In short, as man is the building, and he the artizan to repair its wastes and injuries, he should know every beam and its proper proportions and adjustment, and all its different, simple and compli- cated arrangements, whether the structure be Corinthian, Ionic, Deric or Gothic. If, "•e;itleme:i, we have thus far seemed desirous to convince you of the importance of the science of anatomy to the surgeon, and its criminal neglect; we are still more desirous now to prove to you its importance to the physician, and i.s much greater, nay almost ultcr neglect. We know that we are about to take, in the view of even some medical men, high ground. But we do not stand alone; 13roussais, Boisseau, Andral, Louis, Jackson, Horner and many i.Ln;;\s sta:id with u>. Such iuv ih.; men and such the talents which have pre-occupied the ground, and wnose labours for the last quar- ter of a century, have raised higher the standard of the profession, and done more to perfect the science than the collective learning and experience of all the sages who have preceded them. The position we hold, and which, if we stood alone, we should steadily maintain, is, that pathological anatomy is the only basis of correct theory ; the chart and compass of successful practice ; and that as well might the mariner dare the dangers of the ocean with- out a helm, as the physician enter his profession without an ample store of pathological knowledge. He may indeed with caution lurk along the shore, when the winds are low and the sky unclouded, and save the few whom the late tempest has thrown within his reach, but can never venture forth with boldness to rescue those who are yet rudely rocked by the tempestuous winds, when the storm and the night are dark. We do not allow in this matter, every man to judge ; physicians only, and of these a limited number are com. petent; because physicians only, and of these not many, are conver- sant with anatomy and pathology ; and we hold no man competent to judge or censure an opinion with which he has not, neither can have any acquaintance : and we could wi&h that with such men, the reproof once given to a superstitious bigot, indulging in vague invec- tives against the doctrines of a certain unpopular author, might pro- duce a similar effect; on being asked whether he had read the work he so much derided, he was suddenly struck dumb and became fired with silent resentment. But such is not often the happy effect. Men ignorant of that with which they are conscious they should be acquainted, generally assume an appearance of knowledge and vast show of argument, which to those unacquainted may have such a seeming. Hence the argument, plausible enough, but unfounded, that the science of anatomy cannot guide us to the measure or kind of medicine we should administer; the mode or time of its exhibition : which argument we meet with the broad assertion of its falsehood, and are prepared to support the assertion by a series of demonstra- tions in the course, to which this lecture is introductory. We shall also not fail to show by the same demonstrations that the practice of the pathologist cannot but be more successful than that of the mere experimentalist. Who will be the most successful chemist, he who merely throws together the ingredients, and observes the fermentation and decomposition which ensues, or he who examines the elements and ascertains by actual analysis what are the primary constituents of the substance acted upon, and infers from their form and character the exact kind and amount of the chemical required to act most forcibly and certainly ? If any are silly enough to contend that pathology and physiology alone are necessary to the physician, and that these may be acquired without a previous intimate acquaintance with anatomy, we are only amused at their ignorance. How can a man learn the function of an organ and the manner in wrhich that function is performed, unless he first learn its form and structure 1 or how can a man be taught what appearances are diseased, unless he first be taught what appear- ances are normal and healthy ? Gentlemen, it is both humiliating and disgusting to hear such argu- ments from many of our professional brethren, against this science, who as well as ourselves know and appreciate its importance, but seek to screen their criminal ignorance under the plea of inutility. We are reckless of the imputation of assumption, and fearlessly state that we care not how much age and experience a practitioner may have attained, nor how much egotism and impudence he may have acquired, if he has never witnessed human dissections, or at least diligently studied minute anatomy and its legitimate branches, physiology and pathology, he has no basis for correct theory ; and all his practice we affirm is blind empyricism and consummate quackery. He is totally unworthy the confidence of the people, and he who trusts his life and health in the hands of such a man, exposes himself to be robbed of both. It is here also easy to trace to its legitimate source the degradation of our profession, that the most unlettered and ignoble, even the habitual sot, may enter our ranks, and successfully compete with men of the highest talent and profess- ional acquirement. It is because charlatans utterly destitute of science, or correct observation, under the imposing garb of expe- rience, daily propagate and sustain the doctrine that a mere medi- cal practitioner need only know the names and character of his med- icines to amply qualify him for the duties of his profession. Their influence has extended even to the halls of legislation, and quackery 9 is legalized by a statute which bears marks of the barbarism of cen- turies back; under which the purchase of a $10 patent affords protection and full licence to practice. Such are the diplomas by virtue of which, hordes of rum-seller, red-pepper and steam-doctors are practising among us. They murder boldly and with impunity, and laugh while in their drunken revel they recite their infernal tricks and impositions, practised upon a blinded and too credulous commu- nity. And if law cannot, or dare not interfere, we hone at least they may feel the torments of a guilty conscience, and that the restless spirits of the thousands they have sent to an untimely grave may never cease to haunt them ; at noon-day may their curses follow them ; at dim twilight may their shadowy forms move around them and flit athwart their path ; and in the darkness of the midnight hour, amid the loud merriment of the bacchanalian revel, when, like Mac- beth's witches, they celebrate their fiendish exploits ; may deep groans echo to their songs, and hollow moanings give dismal response to their laughter; may cold blood ooze from the very walls and stand in purple drops; a horrid testimony of murderous deeds. There is yet another point of view in which the study of anatomy is to the medical man highly important and interesting. Every now and then we are called upon to examine the bodies of those whose sudden and mysterious decease, has led to a suspicion of guilt: and it becomes our responsible duty to decide whether any suspicious ap- pearances can be detected upon the body or within the viscera—and such is the confidence attached to medical testimony, that the life and reputation of the accused will often depend upon our evidence alone. Such dissections, however, are usually made in so slovenly and care- less a manner, and so little is known by the dissector of what are lesious and what healthy structure—what normal and what ab- normal, that very slight dependence ought to be placed upon his tes- timony. To the same cause may be attributed the singular discrep- ancies in the statements of physicians as to pathological facts in medico-legal investigations, and which has often caused their evi- dence to be entirely set aside. The recent trial of Morris'for an un" lawful procurement of abortion is fully illustrative of this fact. The Honorable Judge in his concise and masterly charge] to the jury, stated that he " much regretted that on a subject of so much inter*' 2 10 and in so important a science, such diversity of opinion should exist among the medical men who were called upon," and declared that, " from their conflicting testimony, nothingconclusive could be de- duced." A humiliating and highly mortifying declaration, and which, as it has received so much publicity, we might hope would stimulate us to a better understanding of pathological signs. We cannot here refrain, gentlemen, from introducing the opinion of our very taJented countryman and medical jurist, Dr. Beck. Al- hiding to the physician as a medical witness, he remarks : " An acquaintance with anatomy is indispensably necessary, and peculiar- ly so in those interesting cases where it is necessary to distinguish the effects of disease or violence from ordinary appearances. Un- less well grounded in that science, the phenomena that follow natural death may be mistaken for the effects of poison or the consequence of severe injury. Anatomy, then, both physiological and pathologi- cal must be applied to the case." Again, speaking of their incompe- tency, he says : " We every day hear of medical practitioners giving their evidence with the utmost confidence, on points which it is obvious they never considered with the requisite attention ; stating facts as universal, which admit of many exceptions and modifications, or rejecting them altogether, because exceptions do exist, and des- troying evidence, or failing to discover it from not knowing where it is to be found, or how it is to be obtained. On the other hand we sometimes see well informed medical men, brow-beat and baffled, from not knowing the estimation and respect they were entitled to claim for their opinion and skill." Anatomical science, though certainly less important to the legal than the medical man, is yet sufficiently so to render it a subject de- serving also his attention. We have always been surprised that the jurist pays so little attention to a study which might be of incalcu- lable service to him in many criminal investigations—a full acquaint- ance with which would often possess him of decided advantage over his less informed brethren at the bar. It would enable him by a well re- gulated series of questions, to detect and expose the inaccuracy of the medical witness, and thus render his whole testimony nugatory ; and as there are no causes which more frequently involve the life and re- putation of the client, therefore, none in which the counsel has more 11 frequently an opportunity for the display of talent, ingenuity and elo- quence. Indeed, we do not think a conscientious jurist can acquit himself with justice to his client or in a manner satisfactory to him- self in a medico-legal investigation, unless he is well instructed in the principles of anatomical and pathological science : and in our humble opinion, this subject should form one of the prominent branches of study in all our law institutions—and should be taught on the same extended scale, by dissections and demonstrations, that it is at regular medical schools. A school of this kind, and which might serve as a model for others, exists at Berlin, at the head of which is an eminent anatomist, Dr. Wagner. The students are amply supplied with subjects, and themselves perform post-mortem examinations, and also receive instructions on judicial subjects. The good effects of such an institution cannot be doubted. To the theologian the importance of a minute acquaintance with anatomy is inappreciable. The divine who possesses an extensive knowledge of anatomy, has ever at his command an extent of simile and beautiful illustration which no other natural science can afford. He has also, next to revelation, the most convincing and palpable ar- gument in proof of the existence of the Deity. Paley, speaking of natural history, as applied to the proofs of an intelligent Creator, says: " For my part, I take my stand in human anatomy ;" and he does well, for in every organ and every dismembered fragment of the hu- man structure, he holds an evidence strong and undeniable, and against which infidelity dares not utter a reply. Sturmius held that the examination of the eye was a cure for atheism. And the stu- dy of anatomy led the immortal Celsus from the most determined in- fidelity to an humble confession of his Creator; and were it more often studied and more frequently urged by the ministers of God, we hazard the assertion, that greater success would follow their exer- tions in the cause of truth. To the mechanic and artist, human anatomy presents a structure unrivalled in simplicity and immense complication of parts ; in the symmetry and elegant proportions of its various members and organs ; in the perfect adaptation of each separate portion to its respective office. In short—a model of architecture which art must ever fail 12 to rival, and which we can uever cease to admire, nay almost adore. And finally, to the general student it offers an extent of study and investigation to which the most minute anatomist as yet has discover- ed no limit, and affords him an ample field for the display of his talents, in philosophic research and inquiry. It is both a rich amusement and splendid accomplishment, inasmuch as it discloses the mysterious structure of that being whom God declares he has form- ed " in his own image and after his own perfect likeness"—whose mind, vast and unlimited in its powers, encompasses and subdues creation—whose godlike soul holds converse with the spiritual court of heaven, and is destined to become the habitant of eternity. Having now briefly considered the importance of the science upon whose investigation we are about to enter, it is but justice to ourselves and the profession generally, to state the difficulties which at the very onset oppose the progress of the anatomical student, and which same difficulties must necessarily render the present course less satisfactory to me, and less instructive to yourselves. We al- lude, gentlemen, to the power of superstition on the minds of most of our community as opposed to the practice of dissection. You prob- ably are not all aware of the strength of this feeling at the present day, and how large a proportion of our fellow-citizens it pervades. Unable justly to appreciate the benefit derived to physicians and surgeons, and indirectly to themselves, they are disposed to consider the human dissector as an enemy to his species, a rude and unnatural wretch, who can only find amusement in violating the sanctity of the grave, and disturbing by wanton slaughter the repose of the dead. That in the early ages, when the dead were embalmed, pre- served and even deified; held as the sacred abode of departed spirits; anatomy should have been neglected and despised, viewed as a kind of hell-born necromancy, we cannot wonder; but our wonder is, that in these later days, when the light of reason and revelation unite to teach the lifeless corse to be nothing more than the clay tenement of a departed spirit, the same bitterness of feeling against dissections in a great measure exists. We must indeed acknowledge that a few gleams of mercy begin to shine upon us ; and thanks to this generous age, that although our 13 unhallowed hands have laid open the bosom of the dead in search of the hidden cause of death, " Exposing barbarously to wanton gaze The mysteries of nature," still our crime passes with comparative impunity, and only occasion- ally does the prison immure within its gloomy walls a convicted dissector. But the language of irony befits not so serious a subject: passion, feeling, habit, education and numerous other causes, act continually against the correct deductions of reason. And for all these we are willing and bound to make every reasonable allowance ; yet none, nor all of these we apprehend are sufficient to justify an en- lightened and intelligent community in the entertainment of such feelings and sentiments against dissections as they often exhibit. If nursery tales still hold over their minds a strange influence, and if they superstitiously imagine that lonely spirits continue to tenant the lifeless corse ; we blame them not. Were we thus taught, no hands than ours would be readier to drop the hated scalpel, no voice than ours readier to raise the cry of death, upon the vile wretch who in- humanly dared disturb the sacred rest of the slumbering spirit. But we are thankful that we have received a more liberal and rational education. Let not our sentiments be misapprehended; far be it from us to justify unlawful plunder of the grave. We with the rest of community have a peculiar feeling with regard to the bodies of our departed friends, of which it is impossible to divest ourselves, and we must ever esteem that man rash and unfeeling who unnecessarily wounds and exasperates the sensibilities of community, when enough may be obtained whom crime has long since removed from the tears and sympathies of mourning friends. That the sacred tomb is often pillaged, is too notorious to deny ; but may not community consider themselves in a great measure the cause, by discouraging and oppo- sing the dissection of those subjects which a prudent legislature has provided, and thus preventing the necessary supply. Why is it, if few or no subjects are necessary, that the youthful student will dare the threatenings of the law ; expose himself to an unhealthy and dis- gusting effluvia, and even hazard death by a painful and terrible disease? Can your imaginations conceive that in pillaging the gloomy grave-yard or handling the putrid dead, there is any thing so 14 strangely enchanting ? Must not his only motives be, to improve the science and raise the standard of the profession ? to find among the insensible dead, health for the living ? Gentlemen, we do not expect by searching the bodies of the dead, to discover the secret springs of life, or the alchemists' famed Lapis Vitae, nor to find a catholicon for every disease to which man is heir. Such wild fancies, reason and the word of God have long since done away. But we hope at least to meliorate some of the many suffer- ings of this rugged and toilsome life. Our science it should be understood, is still in its infancy ; owing to the superstitious objections of the early ages, and unjust prejudices of later times to human dissections and post mortem examinations. And we must continue to grope our brief existence through this world in the darkness of empyricism, unless this thick barrier to the ingress of light and science be removed. Let us then hope for the cheering dawn of the day when community shall judge of these matters aright, and when, while we entertain a just respect for this master work of God's hand, neither prejudice nor superstition shall deprive mankind of their greatest resource to prolong life. May we not believe that the time is already approaching ? The day is not long passed when not alone the entrance to our profession, but all the gates of the temple of science were fast locked by the strong bolts of superstition. One by one they have yielded to the constantly increasing army of crusaders, sworn to release her from her dark bondage and gild the world with the light and wealth of her concealed wisdom. The outer walks to the medical science have also been entered by the pressing crowd. We stand now at the gate of the inner court, the very treasury and tabernacle of our science. How long we may wait and only be per- mitted to obtain a stealthy glance at its sacred mysteries,we know not; but we believe not long. The rusty bar, cemented by the supersti- tion of ages is already sprung, and it needs only one mighty effort to heave it from its ancient fastenings and press back the massive gate. France, from whom the brightest stars in the galaxy of our science have arisen, has lost much of her ancient prejudices. Anatomy ia being taught on'a novel and more extended plan ; private schools are established and dissections made in all parts of her empire, and 15 channels are thus opened through which all who are ambitious may look for eminence. Let the same system be adopted here. Let an ample supply of subjects be afforded from the state penitentiaries and alms houses. Throw aside the present impure system of monopoly and hereditary elections in our state institutions, Feratpalmam qui meruit; encourage thus a spirit of honorable competition among all the members of our profession. Let these things be done, and a new era is commenced ; an era distinguished not for its battles, its bloodshed, its military con- quests and subversion of empires—but conspicuous in the annals of time for its advance in medical science, its mitigation of human wo and suffering, its utter subversion of the dark reign of empiricism. Catalogue of the Class for 1836. names. residence. Silas H. Ashman, Champlain. Gaius M. Blodgett, Hoosick Falls. Wm. C Boyce, Corllandville. James H. Carruth, Phillipslon, Mass. Nehemiah Cobb, Florence. H. M. Crane, Auburn. A. D. Foote, Smyrna. D. A. Force, Newark, N. J. Daniel Gibbs, Hartford. Vt. A. Gaston, Hennepin, Ind. Eli Graves, Fairhaven, Vt. L. Hamilton, Rockaway, JV. J. S. P. Merwin Hastings, Clinton. A. Payne Hawley, Jamestown. H. H. Heath, Auburn. Charles L. Hequembourg, Buffalo. A. K. Hinsdale, Torrington, Conn D. E. Hurlburt, Madrid. R. R. Kellogg, New York City. A. C. Lathrop, Hartwick. Wm. Lindslev. Auburn. 16 Bostwick Lockwood, Auburn. Charles'D. Myuderse, •■ Henry Horatio Northrop, Medina. Francis Paddock, Auburn. Enos Palmer, u A. C. Peloubet, Kaatskill. L. S. Pomeroy, Otisco. S. G. Putnam, Gambier, Ohio. S. W. Raymond, Clinton. H. S, Redfield, Walertown. J. M. Sayre, Kaatskill. J. H. Scott, Newburgh. H. Smith, Johnstown. E. G. Townsend, Auburn. T. R. Townsend,