PROFESSOR PANCOAST'S [Qf^T'1/ VALEDICTORY ADDRESS Cjjt irakating Class of |effcrson Pebital College, OF PHILADELPHIA, GIVtN IN THE MUSICAL FUND HALL, On the 10th day of March, 1865. ^ PUBLISHED BY THE GRADUATING CLASS. Zc'L'? PHILADELPHIA: COLLINS, PRINTER, 705 JAYXE STREET. 1865. CORRESPONDENCE. Jefferson Medical College, March 6, 1805. Professor Joseph Pancoast. Dear Sir : At a meeting held this day by the Graduating Class of the Jefferson Medical College, it was unanimously Resolved, That a committee, consisting of eight, be appointed to wait upon Professor Pancoast, and request a copy of his Valedictory Address for publication. C. M. SLACK, Secretary. WM. GWYNN, President. We, the undersigned committee appointed under the above resolution, have the honor to submit it to your consideration, and hope it will meet with your approval. J. Ewing Mears, Mo. Geo. W. Sparks, N. J. M. H. Waples, Iowa. H. H. Ruger, AVis. J. B. Richardson, Ky. W. T. Bullock, R. I. J. Burgess Book, Canada West. 1ST. Hatfield, Pa. HERMAN W. 0ZIAS, Treasurer of Committee. Philadelphia, March 7, 1865. 1032 Chestnut Street. Gentlemen— I have had the honor to receive your communication of yesterday, requesting, on behalf of the Class, a copy of my Valedictory Address for publication. It will give me pleasure to comply with your wishes in this respect. Please accept for yourselves, and tender to the Class which you represent, my acknowledgments for this especial mark of their attention. Believe me, gentlemen, Most faithfully yours, JOSEPH PANCOAST. To Messrs. J. Ewing Mears, M. H. Waples, J. B. Richardsox, J. Burgess Book, and others, Committee. VALEDICTORY ADDRESS. It is a pleasant duty that has been assigned me today, Gentle- men Graduates, that of congratulating you on this very happy termination to a laborious course of study, and in the name of the faculty of Jefferson Medical College, of welcoming you into the ranks of our profession. This welcome you have already partly felt. It has been harbingered to you in the swells of music, to which this vaulted roof has rung; it is pictured to you in this sea of upturned faces which I have before me, assembled here to-day to add an additional zest to your triumph, and to invoke in your behalf the auspicious smiles of fortune. You have heard from the lips of the distinguished President of our College the magic words that have, by conferring the long sought degree of doctor of medicine upon you, placed the seal on your professional honors, and put into your hands the open sesame to those many paths of usefulness and distinction which our science offers. You have received a fair clearing from the safe winter haven that you are now about to leave, and as I feign would believe, fully freighted with the fruits of scientific study, and with minds imbued with many generous and noble feelings. And, I warrant me, that he who has performed this lofty func- tion for many a successive spring, has never looked on a band of greater promise, or ushered one forth at any more propitious time or season. It is a period in which there is scarcely an active or well qualified physician or surgeon in the land unemployed; so great, indeed, is the demand for the skilful services of our profes- sion that I would not, perhaps, be far wrong in saying that there are positions now waiting for yonr occupation in which all the abilities you possess will find ample scope for their employment. The circumstances, so favoring to you in that respect, at this con- juncture will, in all probability, avert from most of you the tortur- 6 ing delay and impatient waiting for employment which have often heretofore weighed heavily on young physicians, and enable you at once to enter into the service of a people, so rich in all the material elements of life, as to be abundantly able to accord you all the honors and rewards which go to sweeten labor. And what a wide domain it is, thus stretched so interestingly before you, to all parts of which, or indeed to any other portions of the world, you have received in your diplomas the best possible of passports—an expanse stretching over our rich bills, our teeming valleys, and our abounding rivers, from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and to the icy regions of the North. A region in itself so vast that one without travelling over it is incapable of forming a proper idea of its magnitude, unless be consults the " horologe divine," and reflects that while one of you may be sunk in noc- turnal slumber on the golden sands of California, another may find creation all astir on the eastern coast, and see the sun "flame in the forehead of the morniug sky." There is then before you ample room and verge enough—hon- orable places for every one to fill, susceptible, if occupied with proper spirit and zeal, of being made a theatre in which you may attain to such usefulness and distinction as ought to satisfy any well regulated ambition. Your teachers, who may be supposed to know best your quali- fications, are inclined to form high expectations of what your future may unfold. You all may I—will you all be able so to exert yourselves in the voyage of life, on which you are now about to start, as to permit the realization of these fond anticipa- tions? There is reason, from past experience and observation, to en- tertain fears that some may fail of proof when they come to be tested by the stern realities of practical life. It has been said that not every vessel that starts from Tarshish comes back fully freighted with the gold of Ophir. Some idly and lazily pursue their course, and for them the most favoring gales may blow in vain;—some, by unskilfulness or unreadiness of the helmsman, get stranded or shattered on a rock;—some there may be, with' out fault of their own, that will go down in storm and tornado and fire. But what then ? Are the fears of such mischances, or the weaknesses they might engender, to discourage exertion? 7 Must these vessels of promise rest and rot in the harbor? No! let them give their sails to the wind. In calculating the risks of such a voyage, in endeavoring to project your career into the future, it is well for you to consider that Fortune is not so blind a goddess as she is depicted. While she frowns on the undeserving, she is, we believe, ever disposed to crown with her favor those, who with boldness and energy pursue a fixed and noble object. The success which follows, then, seems to come, not as a fortuitous circumstance, but as the natu- ral result of the effort made to attain it. In our profession, the terms success and fortune must not, how- ever, be contemplated solely in their grosser, more material and commercial sense. To prove yourselves able to lead a life of active usefulness, that may make your presence felt and valued; to achieve a name for intelligence and uprightness that may win for you the esteem of the wise and good; to have it acknowledged that you discharge all the duties that lie immediately around you with zeal and fidelity—you would be fortunate, very fortunate, even if your efforts should not be attended, as they usually will be, with other and pecuniary rewards. When we consider how many fond hopes and expectations may be involved in this opening period of your fortunes, it may be deemed but natural that many of you should be occupied at the present moment with the desire to discover in what manner and in what place you could best direct your efforts to obtain a proper station, and work out for yourselves an honorable career. In regard to places, though one may have advantages over another, it matters much less than it does in respect to the spirit and energy with which you fill them. But to have the fairest chance of prosperity, one thing is necessary at the outstart—to form for yourselves a clear conception of what you ought to accomplish, keep that object fully in view, and pursue it with unflinching determination and the most assiduous industry. For, if you consult with those who have most successfully trod the toilsome paths that lead to eminence, you will find few that are not ready to admit that the only legitimate parent of success is to be found in a ceaseless living energy of spirit that will not be thwarted. It is well, perhaps, in the problem of life, that the aspirations of the young often transcend the limits of mere 8 rational expectation. It is well, perhaps, that they sometimes aim at doing much and achieving more than may really be pos- sible. For the effort to accomplish what they desire leads them far on to the attainment of many gratifying distinctions that they would not otherwise reach. There may be some among you, from natural disposition, too little disposed to indulge in such sanguine feelings; and some, perhaps, from a too modest estimate of their own qualifications, or from the painful contrast of their own position with the better prospects of others around them, that feel chilled by the loneliness in which they seem to stand, or appalled with the difficulties that seem to beset their first step onward. For, equally well prepared as you may all seem to be in the elementary knowledge of your profession, there must, in your external relations, be differences among you. One may have been brought up in the lap of for- tune, and, with many influential friends to aid and assist him, is enabled to begin bis career with every air of heaven and all the smiles of earth to cheer him on. Another, less favored by cir- cumstances, has been forced to rely heretofore on bis own exer- tions, and may now, at least for a while at the start, have to set his face against the wind and storm. But let us pass by the first ten years in the lives of those so differently circumstanced—these first ten years the most momentous period of all your life—and see what compensating influences have come with time to settle the question of their fortunes; which of them is then to be found at the top, which will be seen clinging to the lower rounds of the ladder. For this result is not to be determined merely by the facilities that favored the advent of the one, or the necessity which may have stimulated the other to immediate exertion. To be blessed with friends and fortune at the outset is a thing to be thankful for, as an aid to any one's advancement. But the aolden prize of professional distinction would be but lightly esteemed if it was so easy of acquisition as to be gained without personal effort. Let no one deceive himself with the hope that it can be reached on the sudden, by merely putting forth the hand to -rasp !t. It comes thus to few, if any; and if it should so come, would probably prove but a transient acquisition. He who would be successful in its quest, must rather brace up his mind to the ex- pectat.on that it will be hard to seize, and not gained probably 9 without many a disappointing effort; having his heart at times to flush with exultation when it comes so near as to be almost within the grasp, or his spirits clouded temporarily with gloom when the prospect of its attainment seems to recede to an almost immeasurable distance in the future. Such alternation of hopes and fears stirs the current of life which might otherwise become stagnant, and spurs on the spirit to renewed exertion. The stout-hearted, the sanguine, and the aspiring, will, under no circumstances of doubt or difficulty, lose sight of this object of their ambition, this prize of professional renown, but hold it ever in view, dimly seen, perhaps, but pictured as it well may be by the imagination in an alluring mist of gold and purple. But remem- ber he only will win it, whatever may have been his previous con- dition in life, who most firmly struggles on with his eyes fixed steadily and perseveringly far ahead and upwards upon it. And to him, who thus proves himself deserving, sooner or later, the time will come when, and almost without being conscious of it, he may find it placed at his feet. My young friends, I have endeavored to impress upon you that the steady tread in the upward march of science is not cadenced to the taste of downy indolence; but that it is rather a Pyrrhic measure, and you who would wish to hold in it a place must keep yourselves, as in the Pyrrhic phalanx, armed, panoplied, and ready to embrace the opportunities for distinction which are sure to occur with more or less frequency in the career of every man. For there is, in truth, no standing still in our profession. You must advance or be distanced. The task of acquiring know- ledge and of improving in its power of application must suffer no abatement. As in the fairy tale, the forest closes up behind us as we pass through, and our only way is right onward. The great profession, into which you have this day entered, is broad and deep in its leadings beyond most others. There is scarcely any branch of study that may not be made tributary to it, and especially is this true of the great domains of zoology and botany, which may be cultivated so pleasantly in the quiet seclu- sion of a country practice. There is scarcely anything within the earth, or upon it, that you will not find it pleasant and profitable to gain a knowledge of. Acquirements of this sort are in some measure expected of you. If one of your patients should find a 10 strange mineral in his fields or an unusual fluid trickling from a rock,°is he not likely to turn for intelligence on the subject to his family physician and his friend? to one of you who have this day received a titular rank, which is worth but little, if it be not accompanied with more than an average amount of information. You will, unquestionably, find it advantageous to add to your medical library some well selected works of general literature and science, to which, you can turn in your hours of leisure with the delightful prospect of extending your knowledge in various directions. It is-undeniably your first duty to apply yourselves to the mastering of your profession and the faithful discharge of the duties it brings; then you may readily give to your studies a wider range, and after a little you will be surprised to find bow the mind will grow by what it feeds on, and what an absorbing faculty it possesses. Every great advance that you make in such pursuits will add a new charm to your existence and raise you in the estimation of intelligent men. Nor would they be likely to lead you injuriously away from your professional pursuits. For the physician who has once been thoroughly imbued with the prin- ciples of his profession, as you have been, and has learned, as he must learn, by himself to apply them successfully in practice, be- comes so wedded to it that he could be no more forced from it, into any less interesting pursuit, than the oak could be com- pressed back into the acorn. As I believe in the advantage of hardening the bodily frame by physical and out-door pursuits, so do I believe that the course of general studies I have referred to will give more breadth of view, more vigorous clearness, and nicety of discrimination, more force and compass to the mind that will enable it to take a stronger grasp of the realities of things, draw useful lessons from common events and matters of every day observation, and thus empower the physician to apply more advantageously the priceless knowledge in his profession. Inestimable as is the value of our medical works, no well read and well instructed physician, when he enters the sick chamber, takes the lumber of bis library with him, but the carefully extracted essence of bis books, which is usually very portable, and then endeavors to apply it with the combined action of common sense and science. When the painter Opie was asked how he mixed his colors, his reply was with brains, and the answer, though rude, 11 was sufficiently explicit. So all the measures of the healing art, inspired by the sagest counsel, or drawn from the ripest wisdom of books or authors, to be rendered most availing, must be ap- plied with good sense, and properly timed and apportioned. Without this rational usage of the brain, the young physician, however accomplished he may be in all the requisite knowledge of his profession, might readily be beaten in treating some com- mon affection by the old practitioner, who had perhaps brought him into the world, and lacked most of the advantages of instruc- tion which he himself had enjoyed. It can scarcely be necessary for me, gentlemen, to impress upon you the wealth of capital which an untarnished reputation of itself supplies to members of our profession, who are brought so often in singularly delicate relations with their patients, that they might readily be made a mark for malignancy and detraction. Your tuition and training would indeed have been in vain, if you fail to appreciate its great importance, and I am sure you do not. I propose rather in these brief remarks to draw your atten- tion in another direction, to a subject of which books of morals or works of science do not treat, and which can scarcely be expected to have attracted much of your notice, engaged as you have been in the severer studies of your art. I allude to the maintenance of a gentle, kind, and courteous deportment to your patients and associates, accompanied as it usually is found to be with a nice sense of delicacy and honor, which would make you, as you would revolt against a crime, shrink from wounding need- lessly the feelings of a friend or patient. These are, however, but the common characteristics of a gentleman, and usually spring instinctively from the heart of every right feeling person. If unhappily these qualities should not be of spontaneous growth, then fbey ought to be planted and trained and cultivated with the most assiduous care. They are matters of much greater significance than they would first seem, and often aid greatly in smoothing the road of the physician's advancement, and open wide the portals he would mo~ t wish to enter. They are important indeed in all the occupa- tions of life, but they are especially desirable to medical men, who are often brought in contact with patients whose frames 12 have been weakened, and senses sharpened and oftentimes per- verted by their sufferings. At the close of this day's proceedings, gentlemen, you who have been brought in daily connection for four busy months will be parted on your separate destinations, never again to be all assembled together. The lists of to-day's graduates, with which you have been supplied, will, if treasured up, serve as pleasant mementos of each other and of the happy time that you have passed here. In some distant period they may thus bring to remembrance many members of the class that would otherwise have been long forgotten. Your interest in each other will not absolutely close with to-day. It is even natural to the student to feel a particular interest in the fortunes of the members of the class of which he formed a part. And if by chance, after the lapse of years, you should some of you meet again, how wistfully will you inquire of each other as to the fate which has befallen its members, then realized in all its fulness, but which now stretches unshaped before you? What will those tidings be? who can divine them ? It will probably be as varied as that of the errant knights, who parted in different directions from some altar at which they had paid their devotions, in order to relieve and rescue, as far as they were capable of doing, the sorrowing and afflicted. And, like them, it may be that some may fail, and some may falter, but the tale of the greater number, when it comes to be finally told, will be I trust that they fell, girt in the panoply of their profession on the field of duty with their face to the foe, honored and lamented by all whom they had striven to succour and to save. You will no doubt be widely scnttered and realize very various fortunes. It may be the destiny of many of you to become resi- dents in some of our larger cities, and to commence early the toil- some preparation of yourselves for filling the places of your instruc- tors. To such, as far as this city is concerned, we shall extend a cordial welcome. Great cities possess powerful magnetic influ- ences for the student. The very concentration of society has its charms, offering, as it does, not only facilities for every kind of learning, but the additional advantage of mental attrition with those who labor with you in the same direction. Such, then, as indulge strong and lofty aspirations, and are 13 conscious of the possession of the powers of patient industry and fixed application, will do well to enter the lists for the brilliant rewards that cities proffer. They may do well to give up what would seem to them the dull mechanic round of a country phy- sician's existence, for the feverish unrest and constant tension of the fibres of the brain which seem almost inseparable from the life of a city practitioner. You so well know in what the charming attractions of city life consist, that it would be unnecessary for me to depict them. Perhaps it would be equally useless that I should note the diffi- culties and disadvantages attendant upon it, or of the'risk to which the constitution is subjected by close and arduous study, or from the tyranny of social forms, which seem to strive to subvert the ordinary laws of nature, and thus rob many a cheek of the fra- grant glow of health which hardy and manly exercise alone ap- pears to be fully capable of sustaining, and for the loss of which there can scarcely be any adequate compensation. Many of you, by natural inclination, others from the desire of immediate profitable occupation, may be attracted to some sub- urban or country location, or perhaps be called on to take a share in the labors and rewards of your former preceptors. What the duties attendant on such a position will be most of you are already cognizant of. With what honor and reputation you may be found to discharge them will be dependent on yourselves. As a country physician, we all know your lives will be one of much physical exertion and pretty constant occupation. Your patients may be scattered widely about, and many of them perhaps in- capable of remunerating you; yet they will, in all probability, supply you at once with the opportunities of employing bene- ficially the knowledge that you have so laboriously gained, and allow you to train yourselves carefully for all the future emer- gencies of your profession. A large practice, that might oppress you with its responsibilities, is not necessary for this object. A smaller list of cases, well watched in all their various phases of disease will afford you time to consult the written authorities in your possession; to contrast your views with those of the more experienced physicians around you; to note daily the progress made, and to compare the anticipated effects of the medicines you administer with the results actually produced. By means such 14 as these, and the maintenance of a fair reputation, holding your- selves ever prompt and ready to the call of duty, you may, in due course of time, in any community that has sufficient appreci- ation of merit to attract a good physician, carve out for yourselves a fair and honorable, even a distinguished reputation. For some time to come, and for all time, it will be wise to con- sider that your medical education is still going on, and to keep yourselves supplied with the works that will instruct you in respect to the progress that is being daily made in our profession. Books well used, both for what they contain and as supplying material for reflection, will sharpen your minds to a keener comprehension of morbid symptoms. Often when consulting, in cases of doubt and difficulty, these receptacles of practical wisdom, your minds will be startled with deeper insights into the mystery of disease, which will, like lightning flashes, irradiate subjects that had been previously obscure, and make you feel elevated and jubilant, as was the astronomer of old "when some new planet shot athwart his ken." I believe in general that country practitioners are by no means so well rewarded as they should be. But this is a fault chiefly their own, and might be and should be amended. For surely no class of men render more patient, self-denying, I may say invalu- able services than the country physicians. They respond so wil- lingly and at all times and seasons to the call of the afflicted, that the blunted sense of the ignorant and illiberal fails to see, in this very graciousness and kindness, more than a mere business transaction. But all hail to the country practitioners, who, without the motive of great gain, often with very uncertain prospects of remu- neration, hold their hearts open to the calls of sickness and hasten to its relief, by night or by day, despite the difficulties of the road or the inclemency of the season. I know them, and I honor them. Some of the pleasantest episodes in my career have been my occasional transient visits to their abodes; and for a warm cheering, loving hospitality, give me that of the country physi- cian. Among them I find men, often in obscure places, of great practical wisdom in the treatment of disease, and possessed of an admirable straightforward directness in the application of their remedies. And from such men, if you are wise enough to pro- 15 pitiate their favor, you will be enabled to draw many a useful lesson. Prominent in their communities for the good they do, and ranking with the wisest and the best, their lives, though laborious, may justly be deemed honorable. Gentlemen, wherever you may go, to town or country, the field of promise is now wide open before you ripe unto the har- vest. You have but to show to the world that you are deserving of the honors which have been conferred upon you, prove true to yourselves by adopting every fair and honorable means for your advancement, faithfully fulfil the delicate trusts which are to be confided to you, and you will be sure to triumph over any obstacles that you may at first encounter, and in the calm of the future, respected and beloved by all, rightfully anticipate to be able to enjoy the honors you have won. V GRADUATES JEFFERSON MEDICAL COLLEGE OF PHILADELPHIA. March, 1865. At a Public Commencement, held on the 10th of March, 1865, the degree of Doctor of Medicine was conferred on the following gentlemen by the Hon. Edward King, LL. D., President of the Institution ; after which a Valedictory Address to the Graduates was delivered by Prof. Pancoast. name. state or country. subject of thesis. Alexander, Robert M. Kentucky. Typhoid Fever. Armstrong, John Maclay Illinois. Milk Sickness. Bacon, James Bailey, John S. Bair, John B. Barbour, William Barnes, Henry R. Barr, Abraham M. Beidelman, Abraham C. Bigler, William B. Bishop, Jacques A. Blount, Cyrus N. Book, James Burgess Book, William P. Bowman, John F. Bradley, James Bradley, William H. Budlong, William Hague Bullock, William T. Burchfield, John P. Burgner, Samuel H. Carson, Thomas Craig, Alexander Davis, Benjamin F. De Kalb, Benjamin Drew De Witt, Calvin Deal, Lemuel J. Dellenbaugh, Christ'n W. Diller, Martin H. Downey, Joseph B. Duerson, Charles Maryland. Researches on Death. Kentucky. Febris Intermittens. Pennsylvania. Diphtheria. Pennsylvania. Gunshot Wounds. Pennsylvania. Chloroform. Pennsylvania. Puerperal Convulsions. Pennsylvania. Primary Syphilis. Pennsylvania. Specific Remedies. West Virginia. Hydrastis Canadensis. Indiana. The Ovaries. Canada West. Pertussis. Pennsylvania. Military Hygiene. Pennsylvania. Tinctura Ferri Chloridi. Pennsylvania. Rheumatism. Pennsylvania. Measles. Rhode Island. Pulmonary Congestion. Rhode Island. Circulation. Pennsylvania. Gunshot Wounds. Ohio. Asthenopia. Pennsylvania. Enteric Fever. Pennsylvania. Hysteria. Missouri. Menstruation. Virginia. Oil of Turpentine as a Remedy. Pennsylvania. Opium. New York. Cinchona. Ohio. Intermittent Fever. Pennsylvania. Primary Syphilis. Pennsylvania. Gunshot Wounds. Kentucky. Hysteria. 18 NAMB. STATE OR COUNTRY. SUBJECT OF THESI9. Dunkel, Thomas A. Pennsylvania. Labor. Dunmire, George B. Pennsylvania. Gunshot Wounds. Evans, George W. Kentucky. Digestion. Finkbiner, S. Sylvanus Pennsylvania. Puerperal Convulsions. Forster, 0. Douclass Pennsylvania. Arterial Hemorrhage. French, Charles H. Ohio. Chronic Dysentery. Frick, Thomas Illinois. Puerperal Convulsions. Glanden, Andrew P. New Jersey. (Josling, William Eugene Tennessee. Grady, Robert R. Kentucky. Ureene, Willard H. Rhode Island. Grindly, Thomas R. Kentucky. Groves, John W. Kentucky. Gulick, Henry Pennsylvania. Gwynn, William Pennsylvania. Hall, George Henry Maryland. Haller, Francis B. (M. D.] i Illinois. Harralson, Benjamin F. Kentucky. Hatfield, Nathan Pennsylvania. Herbein, Isaac S. Pennsylvania. Higgins, Richard M. Missouri. Hill, Robert T. Tennessee. Hoadley, Robert Ohio. Hood, Joseph Turner Kentucky. Hood, Richard French Kentucky. Hoover, Nicholas M. Pennsylvania. Huber, Samuel Senseny Pennsylvania. Hunt, Sylvester H. New Jersey. Judson, Adoniram B. U. S. Navy. Karsner, Daniel Pennsylvania. Keith, Ezekiel (M. D.) Iowa. Kirk, Richmond M. Pennsylvania. Koch, John G. Pennsylvania. Laforce, Howard C. Indiana. Landis, Isaac R. Pennsylvania. Litch, Wilbur F. Pennsylvania. Lovell, Albert G. Pennsylvania. Lupfer, Samuel P. Pennsylvania. Mavity, Wm. K. (M.D.) Indiana. McClean, William J. Pennsylvania. McComb, James Missouri. Rupture of the Uterus. Hysteria. The Sleeping State. Inflammation. Primary Syphilis. Opium. The Wonderful Human Organism. Hospital Gangrene. Phthisis Pulmonalis. Milk Sickness. Milk Sickness. Pneumonia. Scarlet Fever. Inguinal Hernia. Dysentery. Syphilis. Sanguinaria. Yellow Fever. Disease. Amputation. Leucocythaemia. Inflammation of the Brain. Variola. The Reparative Power. The Medical Student. Cynanche Trachealis or Croup. Scarlatina. Carcinoma Uteri. Typhoid Fever. Pyaemia. Necessity of Correct Diagnosis. Subnitrate of Bismuth in Chronic Di- Tonsillitis. [arrhoea. Spotted Fever. 19 NAME. McLanahan, Johnston Mears, James Ewing Melick, Daniel Ramsey Metcalfe, Thomas Norris Miller, John A. Moore, Samuel Grant Morton, Tower D. Nash, Joseph D. O'Hara, Robert H. Ozias, Herman W. STATE OR COUNTRY. SUBJECT OF THESIS. Pennsylvania. Diphtheria. Missouri. The Physiology of Repair. Pennsylvania. Treatment of Inflammation. Kentucky. Syphilis. Pennsylvania. Physical Diagnosis of Pulmonary Af- Pennsylvania. Ovarian Dropsy. [fections. Ohio. Medical Deontology. Pennsylvania. Diagnosis. Kentucky. Inoculability of Constitutional Syphi- Pennsylvania. Pneumonia. [lis. Perchment, Peter D. Pilsbury, John Milton Potts, James F. Pennsylvania. Intermittent Fever. Kentucky. Abortion. Illinois. Spotted Fever at Whitehall, Illinois. Raub, Michael W. Rea, Alexander M. Reichard, Philip L. Remondino, Peter Charles Reynolds, Samuel Richards, John C. Richardson, John B. Riecker, George A. Roberts, Thomas H. Robinson, Lemuel A. (M. D Rodman, William B. Roth, Theodore Ruger, Henry H. Scholfield, David Thorburn Schrack, David, Jr. Seem, Albert A. Shankland, William L. Sherman, Austin B. Shrawder, John S. Simmons, John F. Simpson, James Slack, Clarence M. Smith, Henry J. Solliday, B. F. Sparks, George W. Stewart, Howard P. Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania. Minnesota. Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania. Kentucky. New Brunswick. Maryland. .) Tennessee. Kentucky. Pennsylvania. Wisconsin. Canada West. Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania. Missouri. Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania. Tennessee. Pennsylvania. New Jersey. Kentucky. Ohio. New Jersey. Pennsylvania. Taylor, James Pennsylvania. Throckmorton, William S. Pennsylvania. Todd, Orrin D. Kentucky. Townsend, Step'n (M. D.) Pennsylvania. Pneumonia. Enteric Fever. Placenta Praevia. Syphilitic Lymphadenitis. Scarlatina. Cataract. Hydrocele. Hospital Gangrene. Amenorrhoea. Dyspepsia. Disease of the Caecum and Appendix Wounds. [Caeci. Camp Diarrhoea. Pneumonia. The Medical Student. Croup. Spotted Fever. Spotted Fever. Lithotomy. Rubeola. Chemistry inits Relations to Medicine. The Philosophy of Sleep. The Physician. Scarlatina. Dreams. Treatment of Malignant Tumors. Aneurism of the Aorta. Sulphuric Acid. Empyema. Intermittent Fever. 20 Vansant, Joseph B. New Jersey. Vest, John W. II. (M. D.) Iowa. Walker. Horace Kentucky. Walker, James S. Kentucky. Wallace, John S. Pennsylvania. Wallingford, Alvin M. Kentucky. Waples, Marshall H. Iowa. Weaver, Jacob G. Pennsylvania. Weurich, William II. Pennsylvania. Wentz, William J. Pennsylvania. White, Alonzo Missouri. Wiley. John S. Wisconsin. Wilkins, Thomas (M. D.) Illinois. Wilson, Charles M. Pennsylvania. Wilson, David H. H. Kentucky. Winton, Horace Indiana. Wintter. William Pennsylvania. Wise, Kenneth D. Indiana. Witherspoon, Oran H. Kentucky. Zarracino, Ramon D. Cuba. Zell. Amos B. Pennsylvania. Of these, there are from— Pennsylvania Kentucky Ohio . Missouri New Jersey . Illinois Indiana Tennessee . Rhode Island Maryland Iowa Wisconsin . Canada West New York . Virginia W. Virginia Minnesota . U. S. Navy . New Brunswick Cuba . SUBJECT OK THESIS. Scarlatina. Dislocation of the Shoulder-Joint. Onychia. Hydrocele. Intermittent Fever. Acute Dysentery. Professional Policy. Rheumatism. Cell Agency. Indigestion. Phthisis Pulmonalis. Hernia. Anaesthesia. Circulation. Nutrition. Vis Medieatrix Naturae. Anthrax. Milk Sickness. Physical Signs of Acute Pneumonitis. Artificial Lactation. Scarlatina. 63 22 6 6 5 5 5 4 3 3 . 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Total 13(i