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TREATISE
EYE  AND  EAR. 
 
         TREATISE
                 ON THE

EYE   AND  EAR:
RULES EOIi THE
  |)ttstrlmtio!i aitb §tstorafiou of Sijjit:


          DEAFNESS,

     ITS CAUSES AND PROGRESS EXPLAINED:

NEW DISCOVERIES  IN TREATMENT,

    ILLUSTRATED WITH NUMEROS CASES AND ENGRAVINGS :
FREDERICK A. CADWELL, M.B.
                   »•. #

       OCULIST  AND AURIST,

MEMBER OF THE COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS OF LOWER CANADA;
   MEMBER OF THE NEW YORK STATE MEDICAL SOCIETY; GRADUATE
    OF THE JEFFERSON MEDICAL COLLEGE, PHILADELPHIA, U. S.:
        LICENSED PRACTITIONER OF THE PROVINCE OF
             CANADA; ETC., ETC., ETC.
        FIFTH EDITION.



          CHICAGO:
S. P. ROUNDS' BOOK AND JOB PRINTING HOUSE,
        No. 155 Randolph Street.

              1859.
CO |7

 % 'xjXl'cfi 

Jem I
 
 DR. CADWELL'S

       SURGERY
            IS AT
No. 93 RANDOLPH STREET,

      CORNER OF DEARBORN,
  Directly opposite the Revere House.

   Office Hours, from 9 A. M. to 6 P. M.
 Chicago, November, 1859. 
 
PREFACE.
  If any apology were needed in offering a work to the
public, treating on subjects of so  much  importance  as
Sight and Hearing, which is not in reality  a work  of
practical advantage either to the medical practitioner
or the student in medicine,  it will be found in the
greater advantage which a work of this description is
intended to afford to those into  whose hands it may
chance to fall.  And in order that it may be read alike
by rich and  poor, and its contents  carefully perused
and duly appreciated, the Author  has much pleasure in
offering the fifth edition (20,000 copies) to the public
gratuitously.
  With  regard  to  the Author's  qualifications for the
task he  has  undertaken, he feels  fully assured that
every considerate reader of these pages will unite in
acknowledging  a decided  preference for one who has
devoted his labors and energies for upwards of Twenty
Years to the acquirement  of  that knowledge  which
experience and practice can  alone  impart.  And if it
should subsequently appear that the public have profited 
X
preface.
by any of the few Hints and Cautions which  may be
gleaned from a perusal of these pages, the Author will
feel more than  recompensed for the labor  he  has be-
stowed upon it.
     Chicago, 1859. 
         INTRODUCTION.


   The present work being intended  by  the Author
merely as a work of general information to all who may
feel interested in its perusal, and  not  one  of practical
advantage either to the medical practitioner or student
of medicine, the writer has, on this  account, avoided
referring to to the anatomical description of the Eye or
Ear, or offering any remarks on their physiology, and
confined his observations principally to a discussion of
some-of their most important and dangerous diseases,
with a few hints on the rise  and progress of disease
and advised means for the protection and preservation
of both organs.
   The reader will be able, by carefully perusing these
pages, to draw much information relative to these two
useful organs, and  the diseases  to  which they  are
subject.   He  will discover that diseases of the Eye
are variable, numerous and complicated;  more so than
those affecting any other organ of the body.  He will
discover that they arise from  causes  as numerous as
the diseases themselves, and  are  subject to as  many 
x[i                 INTRODUCTION.

modifications.   He will readily  be abk to determine
how diminished are his chances for obtnining  relief in
such cases by the course usually pursued, and will not
fail to be warned  of the danger of trifling with organs
so essential to the protection and preservation of life
and happiness.
   The reader must also discover how difficult, and in-
deed impossible, must be the proper understanding of
these diseases, even by medical men of talent, who do
not devote their entire  attention to them.
   Long experience has taught me the  great necessity
of patient investigation  of the  whole  system, before
proceeding to treatment, however simple the case might
appear to  be; for a disease which has  the appearance
of a purely local  affection frequently proves to be of a         X
very different character, and connected with some dis-
tant disturbance.   In fact, it may  be  put down  as a
general rule, that but few affections of either the  Eye
or Ear are of a purely local character,  except  they be
the result of accident; and certainly by far the  most
serious of the morbid  affections  of the Eye and Ear
are of spontaneous production,  growing out  of,  or in
some way  depending upon, disturbances  of other im-
portant organs, or of the system  generally.
   I have  taken pains to avoid technicalities throughout
this word, and laid before the reader a plain statement         '
of facts, and enumerated some  of the  more important
features and early symptoms of disease of both organs. 
                   introduction.                xiii

I have given in each case but a brief description of the
rise and progress of the different diseases, and endeav-
ored to point out as plainly as possible some of the
dangers  which  diseases of these organs  frequently
entail.  And though it  would be  impossible to direct
any plan of treatment for the cure of such  cases with-
out having the patient before  me, still I  hope my
remarks w^l not be forgotten or allowed to go unheeded
by those who are disposed  to try every absurd and vul-
gar prescription advised by the ignorant, and recom-
mended by quacks and  conjurers.  Never,  under any
circumstances, suffer your  Eyes or Ears to  be trifled
with by unskillful hands; and if you have  diseases of
these organs that your physician cannot overcome, de-
pend upon it you will not profit  much  by  the recom-
mendations of others.   Take your chances by rest and
diet, or cold and warm water applications, till such time
as you can with more confidence consult one experienced
in the treatment and management of such diseases.

   If  what I have said  on the importance  of  seeking
early and immediate advice in such cases, shall have the
effect to avert  one  single  case of blindness, or  deter
another from the thoughtless use of improper treatment
likely to injure  or destroy the hearing, I shall feel fully
compensated for the labor I have bestowed on this work,
and  I trust, while I remain in Chicago, to receive, as
heretofore, continued evidences of the just appreciation
of my services as an operator on the Eye and Ear. 
«
I 
          TREATISE
                  ON THE

EYE   AND   EAR.
 DISEASES OF  THE EYE AND EAR A SEPARATE
                     STUDY.

   It is the custom in the Old Country, and one that
. should be followed in every other, to make the Diseases
 of the Eye and Ear a separate study, and a distinct
 branch of the medical profession.  Any one who does
 not devote his whole energies to the  acquirement of a
 proper knowledge of these two important diseases, and
 the innumerable and complicated changes to which they
 are subject, could not possibly expect to attain any
 remarkable degree of proficiency in the treatment and
 management of  them.   These  diseases  are far too
 
10         treatise on the  eye and ear.

numerous and complicated to be picked  up by casual
observation, much more to be treated successfully under
all their varied modifications and changes.
  It is to the labors of men regularly educated to  the
medical profession, but who have  devoted themselves
in a practical manner to Opthalmic and Aural Surgery,
that we are indebted for our most valuable information
respecting these  two important organs.
  In  curing  diseases  of the  Eye and  Ear,  he only
who is well acquainted with  the general principles of
Surgery, as well as with the peculiar remedies required
for many of their diseases,  and can apply such princi-
ples by analogy  to the  structure, functions and diseases
of these organs,  can hope to practice  with safety and
success; and  no  one can expect to succeed as an Oculist
and Aurist who is not well acquainted with the consti-
tutional as  well as the  local causes of disease, and with
the effects  of remedies as they operate on  the  general
 ystem.
  Any person possessing common understanding would
at once be  convinced that diseases of  these organs  are
too complicated, and  far too delicate to be   handled
roughly by inexperienced persons, or  their diseases to
be judged  of and treated with success by  the  unskill-
ful and ignorant pretender.   In fact, (and I hope  the
medical profession will excuse me,) too much  reliance
is often placed by patients on  their medical attendant,
and by this means it often happens that an eye is lost,
or the hearing destroyed. 
treatise on the eye and ear.
17
         NO  CHARGE FOR  AN OPINION.
  Any one desirous of having my opinion of any  case
relating to either the Eye or the  Ear, will at all times
receive the same without charge, if application be made in
person.   I am generally able to inform the inquirer, by
a moment's inspection of the  organ, whether or not  a
cure can be effected;  if not, whether relief  can be
given,  and to what extent.  My  motives  for  giving
advice gratuitously in such  cases are, that  those  who
reside in the country, as well  as  in the  city, need not
abandon their  cases as hopeless and incurable because
they have been unsuccessful in obtaining relief through
other hands, or because they have been told they are
incurable—for many cases, I am  sorry to say,  have
been  suffered  to continue  unattended for  years, and
only  by  some  accidental circumstance patients  have
discovered that their disease was readily curable.
          DANGER OF WRONG ADVICE.
   It is a matter of some  consequence that every per-
son's mind be rightly informed on all subjects, but more
particularly those in which we have an interest, or  on
which  our happiness depends.  If we are not familiar
with any particular subject, we are not capable of giving
a  reliable opinion; gratuitous  advice administered  in
this way involves too much risk and  hazard; and, like
the inexperienced  pilot who attempts the navigation of
a vessel through a dangerous and rocky channel, igno-
rant of the danger  that  lies before him, till at last  he
finds  himself, with  his noble  craft, tossed  upon the
rocks, a lasting memorial of his incapacity and folly.   I 
18         treatise on the eye and ear.
cannot, therefore, too strongly condemn the practice ;<?o
common among nearly all classes of persons, of prescrib-
ing and recommending applications in cases which come
under  the  head of Ophthalmic  Medicine and Surgery
—a practice which  is too often fraught with the worst
of consequences to  the unfortunate  victims  who inno-
cently  use  them.  Cases  of this kind are of daily oc-
currence, and many simple and otherwise trifling cases
are, by this means, converted  into obstinate and often
incurable diseases.
         DELAY AND ITS CONSEQUENCES.
   Indelible spots and white films or opacities, are pretty
 sure to follow an inflammation of the Eyes, even should
 they be preserved from the first attack.  These remain
 sometimes without changing, for weeks or months, and
 may again be the source of a fresh attack.   The disease
 thus becomes established, comes and goes according to
 circumstances, leaving the patient at times almost with-
 out sight, at others able to see enough to go about with
 caution.  Sometimes the Eye  (one usually) takes on
 a worse condition  than the other—the sight becomes
 dim, matter forms before the pupil, the glass breaks,
 and the Eye is lost;  and as but little pain is felt by
 this  change,  the patient frequently congratulates him-
 self that all is right, till he is told to the contrary.
   I speak now  from observation, as I have had  a few-
 cases   of  precisely the  above  description, when  the
 patients took the trouble to call, because they found the
 sight rather  long in returning, and it was found to be
 very inconvenient  to see  with one Eye, the other as they
justly remarked, feeling weak also.
   One  gentleman,  not  long  since, told me that he
 had had a bad Eye for ten days, but was much better 
            treatise on  the eye and ear.         19

when he called on me.   He had followed the prescrip-
tion of some kind old lady, and good neighbor, which had
given him great ease, but as he did not find the sight
returning, he  thought he had  better consult me, and
had come for  that purpose, to  place himself under my
care.   Upon examining  his  Eye, I at once saw it was
lost.  You may imagine his surprise, when I told him
what state  he was in;  for although he could not see,
he imagined himself much better, measuring his condi-
tion by his feelings!
     HOW BLINDNESS IS OFTEN PRODUCED.

  Another very common error for people to fall into,
who have  bad eyes, is, that because the pain which is
usually present at the first stage of disease has passed
away,  that they are all safe, that their eyes are only
weak,  and  will get well by time.   This is a great mis-
take and probably induces many persons to believe they
will recover  without medical assistance.  In this way
they are neglected from week to week and from month
to month, till at last the sight begins to fail, and  some-
times  rapidly, so  that in a  few days  they find their
sight almost entirely gone.   Cases like these frequently
rally again, and the patient finds himself partially re-
stored to sight, and  resumes his vocation fully assured
that it will pass away; but again he finds himself dis-
appointed,  his sight leaves him and thus it continues—
each time it goes farther and remains longer away from
him, till at last it ceases to return, and  continues its
destructive influence till  the Eye bursts, and is lost
altogether.   Hence  it often happens that diseases  of
both the Eye and the Ear, of the most simple character, 
20         TREATISE ON THE EYE AND  EAR.
 are by sheer neglect rendered entirely incurable, which
 if promptly attended to, would readily have yielded to
 simple treatment.


 DIFFERENCE  IN  CASES.—DONT WAIT FOR YOUR
                   NEIGHBORS.

   I am frequently told  by patients when they come to
 consult  me, that  some friend or neighbor has the same
 disease, and if  they get  cured, their neighbors would
 come under treatment also.   I  will here take occasion
 to remark that patients  should  never, under any cir-
 cumstances, wait  for such decisions.   For diseases of
 the Eye and Ear often appear very similar, and the
 symptoms  clearly resemble each other, but the disease
 may be  widely  different, and the treatment which
 would be applicable in one case  would be highly injuri-
 ous in another.    The severity of a case does not always
 determine  its chances  for being  cured, for frequently
 diseases of a most violent form appear for treatment,
 and when I find that the process of disorganization has
 not commenced, I can with  confidence  assure  my pa-
 tients that the disease, violent as it may be, will be re-
 moved in a few days—whereas another, apparently but
 little affected, and with a very trifling amount of in-
 flammation, would require  weeks  or  months to over-
come.
  The mischief, therefore, that is done to an Eye or an
 Ear, or m fact any other disease, bv not receiving timely
treatment, is that  which the Surgeon finds most difficult
to remove.   Those,  therefore,  who  determine their
movements by the success of their neighbors, may, by
 hat delay, convert a simple case in one of a complica-
ted, it not an incurable character. 
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.
21
                READ  THIS!

IMPORTANT INFORMATION TO THOSE SUFFERING
   FOR WANT OF GOOD SIGHT AND HEARING.
  Having been  a practising physician and surgeon, of
the old  school of  medicine, for nearly Twenty-Five
Years, and for Twenty Years having devoted my whole
energies  and entire attention to the Treatment of Dis-
ease or  the Eye  and Ear, in all its varied forms and
modifications, and with  a practice that is not nor has
not been exceed by any other special practitioner in the
United States  or Canadas, I am induced to offer the
following proposals to all those who may stand in need
of the  services of one possessed of sufficient skill to re-
store lost Sight and Hearing, or to remove  any disease
of  these  delicate  organs within  the reach  of human
means.
  Parties calling  on me for an examination  and opinion
concerning their Sight or Hearing, will receive the same
candidly, and always without charge;  and those placing
themselves under my care for medical treatment, will not
be charged for services where the  relief afforded by me
is not equal to the opinion given on the first examination,
which  in all cases will  be  duly  entered  on  my book.
This course I have thought proper to adopt, from the fact
that there are thousands of patients now in this western
country who are known to be laboring under diseases of
both the Eye and Ear, whose  cases  are entirely under
the control of treatment, if they are only placed in skill-
ful hands, and are judiciously managed.
   I have myself examined many hundred patients in this
country during the past year, in most of whose cases I
have  entertained  a most favorable opinion;  but when 
22
TREATISE ON THE  EYE AND EAR.
opinions are founded on no absolute knowledge or experi-
ence, and too often unsupported by any professional repu-
tation, it is not surprising that the unfortunate applicants
who seek relief  in such cases, should become faithless
and disheartened, after  paying  out  their money, and
dragging through a tedious course of attendance at the
office of some ignorant pretender or so-called oculist, find
themselves  victims  of  the  saddest disappointment;
being deprived of both  means  and  sight, they return
home discouraged and inconsolable, with their hopes of
obtaining relief through any other source, so thoroughly
shaken  that they frequently cannot be induced to at-
tempt another  journey from home, however flattering
their prospects may be of obtaining complete and speedy
relief.   To such I again repeat, that in no  instance will
money be retained, or a fee exacted, when the relief given
is not fully equal to  the opinion advanced upon the first
examination, which will be duly recorded in my case-book,
when the patient is received under treatment.
  Parties calling  for advice or information, will at any
hour of the  day find a room full of patients, to whom
reference will be  given when required.
  Those desirous of, or intending to  avail themselves
of the advantages of  this liberal  proposal, will find  it
much to their interest to do so with  as little delay as
possible.
  Chicago, September, 1859, 
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.
GRANULAR INFLAMMATION, or GRAULA.TED
                   EYE-LIDS.
  This is one of the most frequent, and by far the most
obstinate, of all the diseases to which the eye is subject.
It is to be found in all places, and among all classes  of
people, and is  very prevalent throughout the wide
western prairie.   Thousands  upon thousands  are  at
this moment sufferers by this terrible destroyer  of the
human eye, and thousands  are now groping their weary
way in darkness, never again to behold the face of man,
or to witness the rising or  setting  of a summer sun.
This disease, which  so effectually  and certainly  des-
troy the sight in the course of its natural career, may
generally  be recognized, after it has  become  fairly
established, by the following appearances:
  Its commencement is marked with the usual  indica-
tions of inflammation, such as itching, and soreness  in 
24
TREATISE  ON THE EYE AND  EAR.
the corner of the eye, and oftentimes not characterized
by much severe pain.  It usually attacks  one eye first.
and the second soon follows;  and the last eye attacked
is often much the worst.   In the course of a few days,
or sometimes in a day from the first appearance of the
disease, the eyes will be filled with adhesive  matter,
gluing them firmly  together  during sleep.   The first,
or inflammatory  stage  of the  disease, which  is not
usually very severe, soon passes over, and the eyes be-
gin to feel much more comfortable; still  they  do not
get well, and  every change  of  weather, from  dry to
wet, or from heat to cold, is likely to produce an unfa-
vorable change in the condition of the eyes.   The sight
becomes dull and misty,* and the lids  not more than
half uncovering the  organ.  The mist now  increases,
and the eyes  grow  weak, and sensitive to  the light.
  This characterizes the forming  stage  of Granular
Inflammation; and now, if the eyes be carefully exam-
ined, as follows, the true  character of the disease will
be readily discovered.
  Take a knitting needle and place it upon  the  center
of the upper lid, parallel with the eye; then with the
other hand  seize hold of the eye-lashes,  (requesting
the patient to  look downward,) draw gently upon the
lash till it is  separated from the eye-ball, then turn  it
over the needle, so as to expose the under surface of the
fid, and you will find that this membrane, which should
present a delicate pink appearance, to be  of a  bright
red or crimson hue.  and  the  surface, instead of being
of a smooth and velvety cast, will present the  appear-
ance of coarse raw meat, and covered with red elevations
and prominent points, with deep creases and fissures,
resembling the surface of a ripe strawberry more than any-
thing else I cau compare it to.  The above  engraving 
            TREATISE  ON THE EYE AND  EAR.          25

will give a tolerable good idea of an eye affected  with
this  disease, especially  if it be  an old and confirmed
case.    Sometimes  these little  points will not be as
prominent  as  at  others,  although  readily   visible;
and  this  is  more  especially  the case in  the earlier
stages of  the disease, and in young and plethoric sub-
jects.   This peculiar  appearance which I have des-
cribed is termed  Granulation from its near resemblance
to proud flesh, or a grain-like or  sand-like  appearance
which this delicate membrane usually presents.  Later
in this disease, you will find, by moving the upper  lid
upwards and requesting the patient to look  downwards,
so as to expose the upper part of the cornea, or dark
portion of the organ, that a dull, cloudy appearance is
readily visible on the upper part of the sight; and very
frequently numerous small  blood-vessels  may  be seen
shooting down from the white portion above,  so  as to
obscure the sight, and  render the  true  color of  the
organ at this point quite indistinct.   This appearance
is readily recognized  in the above  drawing,  and  the
obscurity of the pupil or  sight is  also well shown.
Frequently this  vascularity will dip down  so low as to
partially or completely obscure the pupil or sight, ren-
dering vision in such  cases little  better than useless.
   These, then, are the principal characteristic  features
by which this eye-destroying disease may be recognized
from almost any other; and when  it  has  once firmly
fastened  itself upon the eyes, it  is  seldom cured, or
even interrupted in its destructive course, by the aid of
ordinary practising physicians, and still less frequently
does it yield to the baneful influence  of the quack  nos-
trums, and vulgar  applications recommended by  every
old conjurer, or prescribed by the numberless impostors
and itinerant operators  who infest  every inhabitable 
26          TREATISE ON THE eye and ear.

section of  this great western country.   Still,  I can
assure the reader that this  disease  is readily curable,
when properly treated, if taken in time, or before the
eyes have undergone fatal disorganization.  A disease
so common, and yet so dangerous, meets of course with
ready  treatment at the hands of every quack and pre-
tender  to ocular science in the country; and yet I do
not think it would be  wrong  to  say, that  not  one  case
out of  every fifty that receives treatment  at the hands of
these pretending sons of Esculapias, ever  had the eyes res-
tored to a sound and hecdthy condition.    Under the most
favorable circumstances, no more is ever effected than
partial relief from the more painful stage, and  tempo-
rary relief from the great uneasiness which the eyes
usually experience during the first few  weeks  of its
formation.  But in a very brief period afterwards, the
disease will again break out with increased violence,
and in the short space of a few hours,  or perhaps  two
or three days,  they  will be found to have lost  all that
was gained by a tedious course of attendance—each and
every attack crippling  and weakening the organ more
and more, till at last its delicate structure yields  to the
repeated relapses, and the eyes are lost beyond  recov-
ery.   Hundreds  of patients  pass  through my  hands
monthly, as victims  of this dreadful disease, and I have
never  any difficulty in  effecting a  radical cure,  and a
complete removal of all its baneful influences, so long-
as the eyes are not destroyed before they present them-
selves  to me for examination.  I have  never less than
fifty such patients in daily attendance, and can show them
in all stages of progression towards a cure, and will be
happy to refer to such cases  at any time, when  appli-
cants for treatment  wTould like to  see  them.  I have
those who have been nearly or quite  blind for months 
treatise on the eye and ear.
27
and years, who can now see to read and  work, and I
have those where the disease  had only partially des-
troyed sight, but where it completely unfitted them  for
all business;  and my patients are ever ready to make
their own statement as to the condition they were in
when received by me, in broad contrast with the  state
in which they will be found wThen these inquiries are
being instituted.
   This disease I can readily cure, even though it has
existed for  twenty  years,  and the patient been  blind
most of the time, so long as the eyes have not under-
gone complete disorganization.   If you are still in doubt
as to the nature of  the disease, call and have the eyes
examined.   It will cost you  nothing, and the  opinion
given will be well supported.
            EGYPTIAN OPHTHALMIA,
                  A FRIGHTFUL DISEASE.
  I will now endeavor to give a brief statement of the
character  and consequence of some of the diseases of
the Eye  most commonly  met  with  in  this Western
Country, but the nature of this work will barely admit
of my  doing  more than simply refer to them, and to
show  to  what an alarming  extent  they  sometimes
advance.
                    SYMPTOMS.

  Egyptian Ophthalmia is a most frightful form of in-
flammation of the Eye.   It is  rapid  in its progress,
and  destructive in its effects.   The  symptoms which
characterize this disease are, at first a slight redness and
a sensation of heat.   The organ soon becomes painful,
and has a feeling  as if sand or dirt had got  in the Eye. 
28         TREATISE on the eye and ear.

Itching  is also experienced more or less, and at night
the  Eye  will be  glued  together by the formation of
matter.   The pain and redness increases, sight becomes
dull, with more or less head-ache, wTater and matter are
both  abundantly  poured out, and  sometimes in  the
course of two or three days the Eye will be lost by the
excessive  swelling of the  membranes and consequent
mortification.  One Eye is usually  much worse than
the other, and after it has been lost the disease may
abate, or if  badly managed, may continue its destruc-
tive work till the other has been lost also.
EGYPTIAN OPHTHALMIA  IN THE DIFFERENT
                     ARMIES.
  This disease prevailed extensively among the British
soldiers during the war of 1812, and in order that the
reader may place a proper value on  its  importance,
ami  take  heed to himself in good  time, I will give a
brief statistical account of the disease as it raged among
the different military corps up to the year 1840.
  It has been stated by Dr. Vetch, a celebrated French
Surgeon, that two-thirds  of  the  French army were af-
fected with this disease at one time, and the same gen-
tleman informs us, in his  interesting  account  of the
Ophthalmia which appeared in England since the return
of the British army from Egypt, that the total strength
of the second battalion of the 52nd wTas somewhat above
700  men;   that 636 cases of Ophthalmia, including re-
lapses, were admitted into  the Hospital from August,
1805, to the same month,  1806; of these,  fifty  were
dismissed  with the loss of Doth eyes, and forty with the
loss  of one; and the Ophthalmia depot, under the care
of this able Physician, contained in the summer of 1808 
           TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.          29

upwards of nine hundred cases  of this  disease, from
more than forty different corps.
  It appears from the  returns of  the Chelsea and Kil-
mainham Hospitals, that two thousand three hundred and
seventeen soldiers wrere, on the first of December, 1810,
a burden on the public from blindness, in consequence of
this  disease, and that those soldiers who had lost the
sight of one Eye, were not  included in the number
above stated.
  It has  been further stated that thirty thousand cases
occurred in the Persian army from 1813 to 1821, and
that Blindness folloived in eleven hundred cases.
  In the Belgian army the disease appeared in 1814,
but  was restricted to four garrisons till  1830, when it
spread  very generally, affecting indeed  one-eighth of
the wThole army, and in some regiments one-half of the
soldiers.
   In 1840 there were five thousand cases of the disease
in the army, which consisted of fiifty thousand men, and
upwards of one hundred  thousand cases  had occurred
since the first appearance of the disease.
              DISEASE CONTAGIOUS.
  This  disease is readily contagious  under favorable
circumstances,  and frequently attacks whole families
within a few days of each other.   Children as well as
adults suffer severely  from this disease, and  if not
promptly met in these young subjects, it is almost sure
to eventuate in  the  loss  of one or both Eyes.   The
disease, however, I consider, is not so violent in this
country as  has been  described  in the foregoing state-
ment, except in a few rare instances.   I have had cases
of this  description within the last three years, where 
80         TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.

the disease had appeared  only 48 hours before I saw
the patient, yet both eyes were completely ruined, and
the whole organ in a complete state of mortification.
    CHRONIC  INFLAMMATION  OF THE EYES.

Is another disease of the Eye which presents nearly all
the symptoms of the  foregoing in  a more mild form;
and  although the destruction of  the  organ is not so
rapid,  it is nearly as certain.   This disease,  which
arises from cold and common causes, has  been known
to linger with the patient for twenty years, and at last
destroy the sight entirely.   Sometimes  the  work of
destruction is complete in the course of a  few months,
or perhaps may go two or three  years,  according to
circumstances, and  with great  care may  continue for
many years  before  sight would  be destroyed.
  This is a very common disease  in the  country, and
seldom undergoes any permanent  spontaneous change
for the better;  and as it is  frequently fluctuating  from
better to worse, and from worse to a better  state, pa-
tients  constantly  deceive  themselves  by  supposing
that every favorable change the eyes undergo is the one
which will remove  the  disease.  When the  Eyes are
found to evince such changes as I have described, they
are seldom cured without the aid  of more experience
than generally falls to  the lot of the regular practi-
tioner.
  Most, or many of the cases I have to deal with, are
cases  of this description.   After exhausting  every
means within their reach, weakening and  irritating the
delicate organs with every description of vulgar and
ruinous  application, they present themselves to me for
inspection, and, if possible, for cure.  Fortunately most 
TREATISE  ON THE EYE AND EAR.
01
of these cases are curable, under proper direction and
attention, yet it is remarkable that so large a propor-
tion of such cases are restored, wdien one considers  to
what an alarming extent  these delicate and sensitive
organs have sometimes been trifled with.
              COMMON WEAK EYES
Are a trouble of almost universal prevalence.   There
are but few who do not experience more or less incon-
venience from weakness of the delicate organs.   If
examined, they do not appear inflamed, but still a red-
ness will be perceptible about the whole organ, and  at
times, perhaps, some trifling pain may be present,  and
now and again they will be slightly adhered together
on  waking in the morning.   With some, this condition
of  the  Eye is first felt  on waking in the morning,
—through the day the  Eye looks well.  With others,
it is evident they are slightly affected, and this appear-
ance is greatly increased when the Eye is fatigued by
excessive use, or exposure to  cold or wind-  This  par-
ticular state of the eye is very frequently met with.
Patients often consult their physician for it, but almost
as often to no purpose, and in spite of everything they
can do, the  same state  of trouble continues.  No one
can tell how it came, or what caused it, or assign any
reason for its appearance, and but few are so fortunate
as ever to  get rid  of it under the  treatment that  is
usually prescribed.
  I will here merely hint that this condition of the
Eye is usually of a sympathetic character, and has its
dependence on some derangement of the stomach or
liver; and, under a proper course of diet and regimen,
together with  a well  directed medical  treatment, this 
32
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND  EAR.
*i?Ae of the organ will disappear like magic. _ No treat-
ment is necessary for the Eye itself, unless it has  be-
come the seat of local inflammation: then  more judg-
ment would be required ;  but if  the medical attendant
would look into the  matter carefully, I have  no hesi-
tation in saying that seven-tenths of such  cases would
be cured by a few days' treatment.   I have but  little
difficulty in effectually removing this extremely unpleas-
ant condition of the Eye in a few days, though in  some
cases it may have been present for years.
PTERYGIUM, OR WINGS.
  This is a thick growth  of membrane, of a red or
fleshy appearance, wrhich usually starts from the inner
angle of the Eye, and stretching itself forward, finally
reaches the cornea, or dark  portion  of the  Eye, and
may be readily seen encroaching upon  this delicate
texture.   When it reaches this  portion of the Eye, it
soon interferes with the sight; and, if not attended to,
will  continue to  stretch itself  onward, until it passes
the center of the Eye, completely destroying all useful
vision.
  The above cut will give a tolerable good idea of the
appearance of an Eye affected with this disease, and
show how the sight is injured by its continued growth.
It usually arises from cold, which, when frequently re-
peated, so thickens the delicate membrane, as to  form 
            TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.         33

it into a mass of fleshy matter, giving the  patient the
appearance of one of dissipated habits.   Once started,
this disease seldom undergoes a spontaneous cure, but
goes on, thickening and extending itself, till  the  sight
is destroyed.  The cure of this disease is very readily
effected by a slight, but delicate operation, and  when
this delicate membrane has been removed by operation
it  seldom causes any  interruption  to  business.   Its
complete removal is effected in  one minute,  and with
but little or no pain, and when done, affords  the  most
effectual protection to the organ against similar attacks.
No medical applications will reach these cases  after
the disease has reached the  cornea; but before that,
and when first  discovered, they  may be removed  by
suitable topical applications.
             SIMPLE  INFLAMMATION.

  Simple inflammation of the Eye, arising from  cold
and various other causes, is also frequently to  be met
with, and is of course attended with a great variety of
changes  in  the course of its progress, depending on
circumstances,  and  on the habits and constitution of
the patient.
  Inflammation from such causes is  readily curable, if
taken in good time, but too often the disease is meddled
with and irritated by improper treatment, so that what
was of itself a very trifling disease, is  often converted
into one troublesome and tedious.  Diet and rest, both
of the body and the diseased organ, with a little open-
ing medicine, will suffice in most instances to put  the
trouble aside, if begun in good season;  some cooling
lotion or cold water, or a little  alum  and water,  may
                          3 
u
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.
also be used as a local application, and when this  does
not suffice, rest assured it is  no trifle, and the  sooner
you consult a competent  person the better.
                DISEASED EYE-LIDS
Is a complaint very frequently met with among children
and young subjects, particularly among young ladies.
It frequently results from Measles or Scarlet Fever, and
may come from cold, and causes  of a trifling  nature.
It is more frequently met with in  persons  of fair com-
plexion, with light Eyes.  In fact, I have remarked
that disease of the Eye generally is to be found in per-
sons of fair complexion, or at least  with  light Eyes,
and that most of the diseases attacking dark Eyes were
forced,  or  perhaps  the  result of some local  casualty.
This is  a troublesome disease, and one which  the  med-
ical practitioner is not generally able to remove.
   During the progress of the disease, the lids become
rery much thickened, the lashes fester  at  their roots
and fall out, and soon the whole range of httle hairs
will be  lost, the Eyes  looking wratery and weak, and
presenting a very  unpleasant  appearance; and when
the lashes  are lost by this process they are never repro-
duced, even should the disease itself be arrested.  It
is well for those who can, to take this trouble in hand
in season, or before the eye-lashes are all  lost; other-
wise a perfect cure can never be effected.   There is
generally but  little difficulty in curing this disease, if
due attention be given to it; the treatment is extremely
mild, and the cure is generally very speedily effected.
I have  made a  complete cure of this  disease  in  one
instance after it had  existed for  twenty-four yeais.
The time required to remove this complaint, fe usually 
            TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.         35

not more than from three to six weeks, with occasional
attendance,  even in the worst  forms, and in simple
cases it may sometimes  be removed in as many days.
PTOSIS, OR DROOPING OF THE UPPER EYE-LID.
           This singular condition of the organ of vision, though
         of rare occurrence, is met with occasionally, and requires
         some attention.  It is a nervous affection,' and is usually
         caused by some disturbance of the brain.  A patient
k        laboring under this  disease, has little or no power over
         the superior  lid, which droops, more  or less, as repre-
         sented in the above drawing.   I  have had  a number
         of such cases during the last year, and have succeeded
         admirably in  restoring the lid to its normal  condition,
         so that the patient could raise and close  the lid  over
         the Eye as well as ever.  It is  an  important  disease, as
         it usually precedes amaurosis, (which is frequently fatal
         to vision,) and always  indicates some  serious disturb-
         ance of the brain, or system generally.
PARTIAL  OR  COMPLETE  BLINDNESS, AND THE
       EYE  UNCHANGED IN APPEARANCE.
   When this truly unfortunate state of  vision is  ob-
served, no time should be lost by the patient in obtain-
ing advice, particularly  if it be a recent case.  It is
usually preceded by more or less head-ache, and some-
times of a  severe kind, or it may have been  produced 
36
TREATISE  ON THE EYE AND EAR.
by excessive use of the organ on small objects or very
fine  needle-work,  or  may  be the result of too long
exposure to the rays of the sun without a suitable cov-
ering to the  head; arises, also, from falls and  blows
upon the head; from a  disordered  system, and from
perverted habits.  The earlier symptoms are partial
loss of vision, with an indistinctness and an appearance
of a veil or gauze being interposed between the object
looked at and the observer.   Small motes or hairs, or
particles floating in the air will sometimes be observed,
and these will assume various shapes  and  forms.  The
sight is usually best in bright sunlight and dull in the
shade.  It is a most uncertain disease, and may take a
yery unfavorable turn, resulting in complete and entire
loss  of  sight, even without the  Eye undergoing any
organic change  whatever, or showing the least signs of
a diseased or inflammatory action.  This is called Amau-
rosis, and the immediate cause  of blindness  in these
cases is by  the loss of power  of the  Optic Nerve, ana
when complete it  is generally  incurable.  Whenever
these unpleasant symptoms are observed, lose  no time
in consulting an Oculist before it becomes too late.
EYE  WOUNDED  BY HOT  METAL,  SPARKS, AND
                 TURNING  CHIPS.
  Every working mechanic who has much employment
at the turning-lathe, casting metals, pecking mill-stones,
and such descriptions of work, has probably experi-
enced  more or less  suffering from  the  lodgment of
minute particles flying into their Eyes, when engaged
in their various occupations.
  Many persons thus employed, who are almost daily
encountering accidents of this sort, have acquired con-
siderable tact and dexterity in removing such particles 
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.         87
from the Eyes of each other.   Mill-wrights are partic-
ularly prone to this species of accident, while  engaged
in pecking the mill-stones, and  consequently find it
necessary to  practice these minor operations  on each
other, for often they would have many  miles to ride
before they could find a physician, and still go further
to obtain a skillful Oculist.  I have known such persons
carry a magnet in their pocket, so that when  the par-
ticle is not too firmly fastened in the coats of the Eye,
it may be removed by its application.
   Usually, however, the metal thus deposited in the
Eye goes there in a state of fusion, and absolutely
burns itself into the coats of the Eye, and then becomes
firmly fixed,  causing  at first but httle inconvenience,
but after a day or two the  Eye begins to  feel tender,
and soon the whole organ is in a high  state of inflam-
mation, and if this foreign  substance  (small though it
be) is not removed, the Eye will fester at the point
where the metal is lodged,  and will be lost.   In such
cases, where it is known that there is a particle of metal
in the Eye, though it may be too small to be observed
by inexperienced optics, the best course  to take is, to
tie the Eye up  with a damp bandage, so as to prevent
the friction of the lid over  the ball, and  lose  no time
in seeking a competent and skillful person to remove
it, otherwise  the Eye may be destroyed.  A drop of
sweet oil placed between the lids before  applying the
bandage, will be of service.
   I am almost daily in the habit of removing  such
foreign substances from the Eye, and know from expe-
rience that it requires a great amount of  tact to  do so
without otherwise wounding the dehcate  organ; and  I
have known them to be so  firmly imbedded, that con-
siderable force would sometimes  be  required  to  raise
them from their bed. 
38             TREATISE  ON  THE EYE  AND EAR,
                SKELETON  OF  THE  EYE,

SHOWING THE LACHRYMAL GLAND, TEAR PASSAGES, AND DUCTS, WHICH CON-

            VEY  THE TEARS FROM THE  EYE TO THE NOSE.
                          DESCRIPTION.

a a.......Punota Lachrymalia, or  orifice of the tear passage, which con-
          veys the surplus tears to the nose.

a b c d...Lachrymal Canal, through which the tears pass.

efg......Lachrymal Sac.  This is the seat  of inflammation when the tear
          passage becomes obstructed ; and when the obstruction is com-
          plete,  (which usually takes place at the lower  end of the sac,)
          it frequeutly happens that severe inflammation  sets in, and con-
          tinues  till it points, breaks, and discharges,  as may be seen
          more  clearly  by  examining the  engraving  at  the head  of
          "Weeping and Watery Eyes," p. 39.

e..........Blind end of Lachrymal Sac.

g..........Termination  of  Lachrymal Sac,  at which point the  passage is
          slightly contracted.

h i........Nasal Duct.
k I........Lachrymal Gland, which secretes the tears. 
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.          33
WEEPING  OR  WATERY EYES.
  This is a disease frequently met with, and is of some
importance, not so much for the wTeeping of the Eye
as for the condition which follows.   The patient is per-
petually annoyed wTith the flow of tears over the cheek,
whenever exposed to the cold  or  wind, and at times
while reading or sewing.  Sometimes a small swelling
is observed at the corner  of  the  Eye near the  nose,
and if pressed upon, a quantity of thin matter  will  be
forced from it  into  the Eye, and by this  manoeuvre
patients avail themselves of temporary benefit.
  This is caused by the obstruction of the tear pas-
sage, which conveys the surplus tears to the nose, and
after it has existed for a time, if not relieved, an inflam-
mation takes place in the situation of the sac near the
nose,  and after many days of severe  suffering,  the sac
breaks, outwardly, and discharges, and the Eye feels
relieved ; and thus it continues on through the life-time
of the patient, until relieved by  treatment—which, if
attended to before this last-mentioned condition takes
place, can generally be relieved and entirely cured  by
simple treatment, but afterwards would require a trifling
operation, with the introduction of a gold or silver tube,
to effect a radical cure. 
40          TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.

   The preceding engraving shows the appearance which
an eye affected with this disease presents after the sac
has broken.  At the point of rupture, matter may be
seen oozing from the orifice, which constitutes  a most
loathsome  disease.   This  swelling at the side of the
nose, near the inner angle of the eye, is usually present
from the  commencement  of the  attack, and is   only
converted into a fistula or running sore, by the  long
continuance of the disease, and the repeated attacks of
inflammation.
              HORDEOLUM, OR STY.
  Many persons suffer with these festerings of the lids.
Sometimes half a dozen may be seen at one time—
occasionally but one;  and no  sooner is that cured, than
another and still another will make its  appearance, to
the infinite annoyance of the patient, for they  usually
attack the young and  fair of both sexes, and are there-
fore considered a  great "Eye-Sore."  I have  usually
looked upon this condition of the lids of the Eyes, as
indicative of a disordered state of the system.   There
will be found to have  existed some error in diet, or a
deranged  condition  of the stomach or  bowels, or the
habits of the patient have not been as correct  as they
should have been.
  If a course of abstemious living, and the establish-
ment of good habits, together with some mild  opening
medicine, does not remove them, they should  receive
the attention of an  Oculist; for by this  they  will be
prevented from forming themselves into  hard tumors,
which will require the knife to remove them. 
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.
41
           CATARACT.
Fig. 1.                     Fig. 2.
  This is a disease of the Eye which may be recognized
by the loss of the clear black lustre of the pupil or sight
of the Eyre, as  may be clearly seen by the above  en-
graving.    Fig.  1  represents a partial or  incomplete
Cataract.   Fig. 2 shows a complete and perfect Cata-
ract.   It  is a disease which ordinarily  arises very
slowly, and  without any previous inflammation of  the
Eye,  (unless it has been produced by accident.)  In its
early stages  it  is  likely to escape observation, unless
closely and carefully examined;  but after it has become
fully formed, may be readily seen at a distance.  It is
a disease which completely destroys sight  when it is
fully formed, and its first symptoms are, a mistiness or
fog before the  sight, and a difficulty  of recognizing
persons or objects as usual.  This continues to increase
more or less rapidly, according  to the nature of  the
case and the constitution of the  patient, and  may  not
become complete for months, or even for a year or two.
  This is  an important disease, and requires skillful
hands to manage.   It is seldom cured without an  op-
eration, though much relief may be given to the patient
 
42
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND  EAR.
during the formation of the disease, by local treatment.
I have frequently, in such cases, enabled  a patient ^ to
read large print, by an application to the  Eye, which
has  taken  effect in ten minutes,  though before the
treatment  they  were unable  to  guide   themselves.
This improvement will continue for four  or five days,
and by repeating it, the effect may be continued during
nearly the whole process of the formation  of the Cat-
aract, and without experiencing the least pain whatever
by the treatment.   There is no medical treatment that
will remove this disease after it  has  once commenced,
or any other apphcation to the Eye that will  stay  its
progress.  Nothing short of a  Surgical  Operation  by
skillful hands will remove it, and under proper manage-
ment may  be disposed of in a few days,  with very
little pain.
  Cataracts vary in their character, according to the
age of the patient and the causes which produced them,
some being hard, and requiring to be extracted  or taken
out of the Eye bodily; while others are soft, and are
removed by other means.  This is usually the case in
young subjects.   The soft  cataract may be  removed
almost without the Eye becoming irritated, and with
httle or no pain.  Cases  2, 3  and 4, which will be
found in the back part of this treatise, are examples of
congenital Cataract, having their origin before birth, yet
in each of these operations the patient received sight,
though blind (from birth) until the moment the opera-
tion was made.   Other  cases will be  found reported,
where Cataracts have been successfully removed in a
patient upwards of 80 years of age, and with but httle
suffering.  In fact under favorable circumstances, this
operation very seldom fails of success  in  my  hands, if
not complicated with other diseases of the system. 
TREATISE  ON THE EYE AND EAR.
43
OPERATION FOR  THE REMOVAL  OF  CATARACT
                 BY EXTRACTION.
   The method of operating for  Cataract must vary,
according to the nature of the Cataract, and in some
measure is governed by the age of the patient.   Hard
Cataracts, which are seldom found except in elderly
persons, are generally removed from the eye bodily, by
an operation, which is performed in a  few seconds, by
a method similar to what is represented  in the  above
cut.   This  method  is called Extraction, because  the
opaque lens or  Cataract is by this means entirely re-
moved from  the eye;  and  when skillfully done, will
effect a radical cure, and good sight will be  restored.
There is but a trifling amount of pain given in making
this operation, which occupies but a few moments  to
perform.   This may be  considered one  of  the most
difficult, and I  may  add, most beautiful  operations  in
the whole field of  Ophthalmic Surgery, and but few 
44
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.
men, either as general or  special practitioners, possess
sufficient nerve and manipulation to make this operation
with that  degree  of dexterity, skill, and  confidence,
that will insure a happy result to his anxious  patient.
Indeed, I do not think that many operators or professors
ever attempt it,  for  the reasons  above  mentioned,
especially as there are other modes of operating which
are much more easy to manage, especially to those who
seldom attempt any operative means of cure, and whose
want of experience in the use of the knife would be almost
certain to result in  the complete loss of the organ, the
moment the operation was attempted.
  Extraction, however, is the operation, and in all cases
when the Cataracts  are  of sufficient firmness, (as they
generally are in elderly persons,) and not complicated
with any other disease of the organ, or  system  gen-
erally,  and the case is at all favorable for  this  method
of operation, I  invariably adopt that course;  and a
failure  is not to be found in any of  these operations at
my hands,  unless the result of some unforseen accident
after the operation had been performed. 
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.          45
OPERATION  FOR THE  REMOVAL OF CATARACT
        BY COUCHING OR DEPRESSION.
   The  above cut  shows  the appearance  of  an eye
having an operation performed, for the removal of Cat-
aract, by Couching, which consists in introducing a fine
instrument into the eye, passing through the white por-
tion, coming in behind the curtain of the eye, and de-
pressing the  Cataract so as to sink it down below the
line of vision, which,  when down, you have instantly a
beuutiful clear black pupil,  and  sight is immediately
restored.   In this  case the  Cataract is seen half de-
pressed, and so much as has passed below the centre
of the eye, gives you the clear black lustre of the pupil
through which the light passes,  and sight  is there  at
onoe.  But the great trouble in such cases is the dan-
ger of the Cataract again rising and leaving the patient
as blind as ever, which cannot occur when this body is
extracted as previously described. 
46          TREATISE ON  THE EYE AND EAR.

   There are other modes  of  operating  for  Cataract
which are entitled to some attention, but  the nature of
this work will not admit of entering upon them in detail.
   Cataracts of children, whether caused by accident or
disease,  or  even when  they are Congenital  (having
their origin at birth) may as a general thing be remov-
ed by a  very simple operation, which would scarcely
be felt by the patient.  Little or no suffering ensues in
such cases, and as a general rule,  good sight is the ul-
timate result.   The appearance of an eye that  is affec-
ted with Cataract is always  the same, only varying ac-
cording  to the advancement  the Cataract has made, and
being much more readily visible in a dark  eye.   But in
all cases the pupil or black  centre loses its clear black
lustre, and has  a milky or hazy appearance,  having in
old people a yellowish, or amber cast, while in children
and young subjects they are milky or of a pearly appear-
ance when viewed closely.
CONGENITAL BLINDNESS, OR BLINDNESS FROM
                      BIRTH.
  This is a disease with which children  are  born, and
though it may not be discovered at the time  of birth,
or even for several  months, it  soon  becomes  evident
that the child  does not see.   When  this interruption
to vision exists,  it will  be perceived that the child,
instead of fixing its eyes on any object, as it should do
when it  arrives  at  an  age  to note passing  objects,
will be found to have  a  constant  rolling  of  the  eyes,
and  does  not seem  to fix its  sight on  any object
definitely;  and this rolling of the eyes increases as the
child grows older.   Upon a careful and close inspection
it will become  evident that  Cataracts exist, and this 
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.
47
may be known by the pupil, or black spot which forms
the center or  sight of the eye, being  white or milky
looking.  If the Cataracts are complete, they may be
easily detected; but if only partial, it may require a more
careful inspection to discover them.  When mothers or
parents detect anything of this nature in their children,
they should give it then  first attention, as  it may be
readily removed if taken  in season, and good sight be
restored;  but if allowed to go on till the child  grows
up  to  strength and years, (as  is  too often  the "case,)
under the impression that they are too young and tender
to bear an  operation, it will  be far  more  difficult to
operate, and the chance of success is  very much less.
Furthermore, the rolling motion  which the eyes acquire
during the existence of the Cataract, becomes a  con-
firmed involuntary action, and though the Cataracts be
removed and sight restored, this  very unpleasant rolling
of the eyes continues more or less  through life.   The
operation  is extremely simple, and attended with but
a trifling amount  of pain, and under proper direction
and management, can scarcely fail of success.  Several
cases will be found  reported, of patients operated on
by the  Author, varying in age, from nine  months to
twenty-two years.   But the  most suitable age for the
operation is almost as soon as they have been  discov-
ered; or say, from six weeks to three months old.   The
sooner the operation is performed, after  their existence
has become evident, the better.  The reader may refer
to the cases reported—2,  3, and 4—at the end  of this?
work. 
48
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAK.
SPOTS, FILMS AND ULCERS ON THE SIGHT.
  After  an  attack  of  inflammation,  and even after
injury or accident, which  has wounded  the  delicate,
transparent coat of the  eye, spots and films, in various
shapes and forms, may be seen to  occupy a portion of
the eye, and oftentimes  to the great detriment of sight.
  The above cut shews an inflammatory ulcer on the eye
partially covering  the pupil.   This ulcer is  fed by nu-
merous small vessels from the main body of the eye, and
if not speedily subdued will cover the entire front of the
organ  with a heavy white  film,  completely destroy-
ing the sight, and producing a most unsightly blemish.
Sometimes the entire front of the organ will be covered
with a heavy film or cloud, which greatly obstructs the
sight, and frequently destroys useful Ansion  altogether.
I have seen this opacity  so dense  in  many cases, that
the color of the eye could not be distinguished, and still
the eye will become perfectly clear by timely treatment,
and good sight restored.  It  is dangerous to allow this
state  of  things to continue,  for if it  be  not speedily
removed, and the eye fails to receive appropriate treats
ment during the  time  this  mist is forming, and  the
inflammation should be subdued without a proper regard
to this particular condition, it will most certainly leave
traces behind which  can never be so well removed after, 
            TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.         49

if at all, and which will impair the sight beyond  the
possibility of recovery.
   When excavated patches or ulcers form on the cor-
nea, they are capable of destroying the sight very soon,
and sometimes very suddenly.   When they have eaten
through the dehcate coat, the water  will  escape from
the opening, the curtain of the eye rushes to the open-
ing by the pressure of the ball from behind, the pupil
becomes entangled in the ulcer, and closes immediately,
and sight is instantly lost, though it may have been
good one  moment before.   It would be well, therefore,
for those who have had a severe attack of inflammation,
either  of long or short  duration, to keep a good look-out
for such visitors as I  have described, for  in whatever
form they may appear, or wherever located, they never
fail to leave those  traces behind  which, if  not fatal
to the  sight, will certainly prove an  indelible blemish.
When  this condition of the eye has been discovered,  and
receives merited attention, it can generally be removed,
and vision preserved without performing any operation.
PURULENT INFLAMMATION OF THE  EYE.
  The above engraving represents the appearance of an
eye destroyed by this disease.
  There is no  disease of the Eye  so  rapidly  fatal to
vision, with the exception of the Egyptian Ophthalmia,
                         4 
50
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.
as the one under consideration.   It attacks all classes
and all ages indiscriminately, and comes at all seasons.
It is a contagious disease, and frequently attacks whole
families  almost simultaneously.   It commences  writh
itching and soreness in the inner corner of the eye, and
the organ soon becomes red and inflamed, and adhesive
matter  is  thrown out, which  firmly  glues  the  lids
together when they have been closed for a few hours.
It is generally felt in one eye  first, and  after a  few
days the opposite eye will be attacked.
   At the  onset of  the disease, a free  discharge of
scalding tears will escape, accompanied  wTith  consider-
able intolerance of light; eye grows red, and  soon the
whole organ is like a  mass of raw flesh;  head-ache and
pain in the organ increases, and in a few days, if some
relief be not obtained, the  sight  becomes  dim by the
excessive swelling, the white  portion  of the  ball  will
be very much swollen, and the sight of the eye greatly
obscured.  When these early symptoms  are severe,
the eye  will soon be  lost by the  excess  of  swelling
around the sight, which causes a strangulation in the
blood-vessels,  cutting  off  the  supply  of blood to  the
transparent cornea or front of the eye.  On  examination
it will be discovered,  that the eye will appear  dim  and
misty,  both to the patient  and  the observer, and on
close inspection, a dull  white patch, having a dead
white center, shaded  off at  its margin,  which greatly
obscures  the sight, or altogether destroys useful vision,
will be found to have  commenced.   This marks the first
stage of gangrene, or mortification, and  in a day or two
more, if the inflammation and swelling be not  speedily
subdued, and  the  free  circulation through  the eye
restored, the ivhitc patch will be  entirely detached and
slough  out, causing an immediate escape of a  portion 
           TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.         51

of the  humors, a collapse  of  the eye, and complete
destruction to the sight.   At this stage of the case, the
pain suddenly subsides;  and the patient, feeling relief,
flatters  himself all is at an  end, and he will soon be
better, but little dreaming his sight is irrecoverably lost.
It now  becomes apparent, however, that the mischief
is not over, for the  opposite eye is  usually attacked,
and in a fewT days will be  lost also, if prompt and active
measures be not taken to  arrest the disease.   Such is
the destructive nature  of  Purulent Inflammation, and it
becomes those having the  premonitory symptoms  of
this  disease, to look to themselves  in  good time, and
thus avert the miseries that await them.   The  early
symptoms of this destructive visitor will readily point
out the  nature of the case.
PURULENT  INFLAMMATION  OF  THE  EYES  OF
               NEW-BORN INFANTS.
  This disease, though not of very common occurrence,
is occasionally met with, and from its dangerous nature,
requires a passing notice.
  It commences with a light  yellow or straw-colored
discharge, which gathers at the inner angle of the eyes,
and glues them together.   In the course  of  two  or
three  days, the lids begin to swell and puff  up, matter
increases, the  ball  seems  to protrude, and  the eye
becomes very sensitive to light; and in bad cases, the
dehcate membrane  which  lines the entire  socket  be-
comes so enormously tumefied and  swollen  as  to pro-
trude through the lids, while the eyes are so  completely
concealed from view by the swelling, that they cannot
be examined, even by the greatest exertion.  This stage
exists but a very short time, for the delicate cornea  or 
52         TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.

front of the eye mortifies, in part, or wholly so—gen-
erally the latter—and then the disease  begins  to sub-
side;  one or both organs having been completely destroyed
by the rapid course which it usually takes.   Whenever
the premonitory  symptoms of  this disease  present
themselves in the infant, it should be promptly treated
by those who understand the nature  and danger of the
case.
  A lady  brought  a beautiful boy  to  me a few days
ago, aged five  months, whose visual  organs presented
a complete wreck from the effects of this disease.  She
sought the advice  of one  of the many pretenders to
ocular science, in good  time, and the  wise son of Escu-
lapius promised her a  perfect cure  of  this, her only
child, and assured her there was no occasion for alarm.
He had been treating  this child for a  period  of two
months when it was brought to me for my opinion, and
I had no hesitation  in pronouncing the case a hopeless
one, as both fronts had mortified  and  sloughed from
the eye, leaving nothing to hope for in the way of sight.
Yet the mother informed me that her medical attendant
gave her renewed assurance that the child would cer-
tainly recover its sight, and  ordered, accordingly, a ht-
tle Castor  Oil to be  dropped into each eye daily, as had
been done for several consecutive weeks, notwithstand-
ing the  eyes were  then a complete wreck, and without
the least hope  of restoration.
  The cut on  page 49  represents the condition of  an
eye destroyed  by this disease. 
TREATISE ON THE  EYE AND EAR.          53
CROSS-EYE OR SQUINTING.
  This is an affection so apparent as scarcely to require
explanation.   It is to be met writh in every period and
in all conditions of life.   It is a most unpleasant defect,
particularly to young people, and never fails to impair
the sight more or less.
                      CAUSES.
   It arises from a great variety of causes, viz:  Measles
and most diseases of children; blows on the head, falls,
looking at the nose, teething, worms, indigestion, con-
vulsions, imitation, and in some cases it is  congenital.
   Many persons  suppose  that, although they have cross
eyes, their sight is still  perfect!   But  this is not the
case; and any one who feels desirous of testing  the
truth of these remarks, may close his straight eye, and
endeavor  to  place the tip of  his  fore finger,  with his
arm extended, on the point of a pencil held upright by
another person,  and he will find  it will not be readily
done, though by  a few trials he may succeed at last. 
54         TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.
BALL  OF THE  EYE with the MUSCLES ATTACHED.
           OPERATION FOR SQUINTING.
   The operation is one of extreme simplicity, and is
usually performed by me in about thirty seconds, with
very  httle pain, and without  the least risk or danger
to the eye itself.   The effects of  the operation are only
visible for a day or two, and immediately the operation
is over, the eye becomes perfectly straight.   No inter-
ruption to business need be experienced on account of
it the day after it has been  done.   My patients are
allowed to come and go at all seasons, but as a matter
of prudence are advised not to  read, tvrite or sew, for
two or three days after the operation has  been made;
no pain or other inconvenience follows.   I have made
the operation on  over one thousand cases, and know
of none that  have  not  succeeded  well,  and  given
general satisfaction.  Usually no fault  can  be found
with  the  operation or  its   results, by  the  closest
inspection.   Several young  ladies  of  Chicago and
vicinity, having double Cross-Eyes, have had  this opera-
tion performed by me within the last few weeks, whose
cases  have given the most perfect and entire satisfaction,
and who are now not only rejoicing over a straight pair
of optics, but have the advantage  of greatly improved
sight  added to  it.   I have also  operated  on  several 
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND  EAR.
55
small children, from the age of twro to ten years, with
equal success.  References to the above cases  will be
given at any time, on application.  The operation  is
but  momentary,  and a  straight  pair  of eyes  is the
immediate result.
   Subjects  as young as two or  three years may be
operated  on for  this  defect,  but older  ones  are much
more easy to  manage; and  when parents are  willing,
I frequently administer chloroform to these young sub-
jects, which enables me to operate without the least
risk  or danger.
TUMORS  ON THE  EYE-LIDS  AND BALL OF THE
                       EYE.
  Tumors and morbid growths and swellings frequently
appear about the eye-lids, and at the angles of the eye,
sometimes  on the temples  and brow, and not unfre-
quently on  the  ball of the eye itself, as  represented
in the above engraving.   They  are  generally very
troublesome to the patient, and produce more or less
disfigurement, besides oftentimes materially interfering
with  sight.  They  may  be removed with  but little
trouble  or  pain, and  without  risk  to the  Eye, unless
fixed on the ball, in which situation they may be more
or less  difficult to manage, according to the position 
56
TREATISE  ON THE EYE AND  EAR.
they may  occupy.    They  sometimes  attain  a very
considerable size, and by it,  encroach upon  the  Eye
itself, thereby doing serious injury,  They should, as
a general rule, be removed when they are first discov-
ered,  as they are then generally loose, and unconnec-
ted with the solid structure.
ONE  EYE  INJURED,  BOTH  EYES  BLINDED  IN
                  CONSEQUENCE.
   The above drawing gives a tolerably good idea of the
importance of the Optic Nerves, and of their influence,
one over the other.  They are here seen passing from
the base of the brain, stretching forward till they meet,
where their httle fibres are so closely and inseparably
connected, that they form one grand center; they again
separate in a divergent direction till they arrive at the
ball, where  they are beautifully  expanded and spread
out to form the retina,  or true seat of vision.
   It  will not be difficult by this to understand how it
is  that a sound Eye always feels the effect of a diseased
action going on in the opposite organ, and how frequently
it  happens that disease commencing in one Eye and
continued for a time, if not relieved, seldom fails to af-
fect the other;  and farther, when  blindness or  the
destruction  of an Eye has  resulted from accident or
disease,  how  frequently  the opposite Eye  takes on
sympathetic inflammation, and is lost also. 
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.
57
     INJURIES AND ACCIDENTS TO THE EYE.

  The Eye is constantly liable to accidents and injuries
from Ararious  causes.  They arrise from pieces of metal
or steel flying into the Eye, in working at the  lathe,
pecking mill-stones, or  in  stone-cutting,  and  various
other ways;  and  when  they occur, it is desirable, if
possible, to remove the  offending matter; if not, bind
up the eye with a ivet cloth or bandage,  and  keep it
closed, to avoid the friction of the lids on  the  ball, till
suitable  assistance  can  be  obtained  to  remove  it.
Much  mischief is  often clone by clumsy efforts at re-
moving such particles, and the Eye suffers more by it
than by the presence of  the foreign matter.
  If lime, potash, or fused metal, should chance to get
into the eye, they are capable of producing  disorgani-
zation of the eye in a  few hours, and the  pain and
suffering accompanying  them is of the most excrucia-
ting   kind.   Whenever   an  accident  like  this  has
happened, procure a large bowl or basin of pure  water
and immerse  the  face in the  water, opening and shut-
ting the eyes frequently,  to allow as much of the caustic
matter to escape as possible;  and when clone  apply a
drop  or two  of sweet oil between the lids every hour
or two.  In  the  mean time, it would  be  desirable to
consult an oculist as soon as possible, or some compe-
tent  person,  in order that the eye may be  preserved
from complete destruction, which in  cases hke this, is
very likely to followr.
  Pieces of wood frequently strike the eye with great
force while chopping, and, although they do not  lodge
there, they produce serious mischief to the organ, and 
58          TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.

often destroy the  eye in  a few days.   In harvesting
and threshing, various  small particles will fly and lodge
in the eye  unobserved,  and if not removed, produce
troublesome, if not fatal, inflammation.   I have  fre-
quently seen an eye almost ruined from a small particle
of chaff or beard of wheat beneath the lid, and so small
as to require a magnifying glass to discover its locality.
These are readily  removed, as a general thing, and by
a little  cooling treatment subsequently, all unpleasant
symptoms rapidly  disappear.
        VERTICAL  SECTION OF THE EYE.

  The following figure show's a Verticcd Section of the
ball of the Eye.   In  this may be seen, according to the
explanation following, the  different  layers and coats
which  surround this beautiful optical instrument, and
the relative position  of each ; also the situation of the
different humors, and the great Optic Nerve, or Nerve
of sight.  This profile brings nearly all  parts  of the
organ  to view.   Each  and  every part is subject  to
disease, different in  action, and modified  by  a great
variety of circumstances; some requiring one  form of
treatment, and others the reverse, arising  from causes
as different as the diseases themselves ; and what would
be beneficial in one case, would probably prove rapidly
destructive to the Eye of another, whose  disease was
of a different character.   Hence, it must not be inferred
(as  is too often the case,) that all  diseases of the Eye
are alike, differing only in degree  and in the severity
of the  attack. 
TREATISE  ON  THE EYE  AND  EAR.            59
                        EXPLANATION.
  1.  Represents the Conjunctiva, or outer covering of the Eye.  It is
       loosely attached to the ball, and is traversed with blood-vessels.
  2.  Is the Cornea, or glass of the Eye.  In shape, form and appearance,
       it represents the glass of a watch.
  3.  Shlerotic, or white coat.  It is  very thick  and firm, and surrounds
       the entire Eye, except the front, or glass.
  4.  Membrane of  the aqueous  humour, lining the front chamber of  the
       Eye.
  5.  Choroid, or vascular coat.
  6.  Retina,  or expansion of the Optic Nerve.
  7.  Cilliary processes.
  8.  Iris, or  colored curtain of the Eye, with a hole in the centre, which
       makes the Pupil or sight.
  9.  Chrystalline Lens, or principal Magnifier of the Eye.
10.  Vitrious Humour, forming the principal bulk of the Eye.
11.  Optic Nerve.
12.  Anterior Chamber, which separates  the Cornea, or glass of the Eye,
       from the Iris, or colored curtain, and is filled with  a watery humor.
13,  Posterior Chamber of the Eye, 
60
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.
 A  WORD  TO  THOSE  WHO  REQUIRE GLASSES
                    FROM AGE.
  After  a certain period of life,  most people of both
sexes require the aid of a certain description of glasses
to enable them to read,  sew and exercise the eye  on
fine work as usual.   But with some, a feeling of pride
prevents them from  resorting to them  at the period
when they are really needful.   Whenever a person is
obliged to extend the arm at nearly  full  length to read
a paper or book, and insists on  doing so to the exclu-
sion of glasses, he injures  his eyes  greatly, and by so
doing exerts the organ beyond its strength, which may
superinduce disease.
  But aside from this, the power of the organ becomes
more and more weakened, and that which they seek to
avoid becomes the more necessary.  The object of the
glass is merely to regulate the focus of  vision, and to
bring the print  within a fair reading distance, which
should be about fifteen or eighteen inches.  The glasses
supply certain deficiencies  wdiich the eyes  undergo by
age, and at a  fair distance  everything looks perfectly
plain and clear through them, and without them there
is a mist or fog before the letters.   "Those, therefore,
who would wish to preserve the strength of their eyes
will do well to observe these remarks, as I frequently
have persons apply to me for relief  in cases where the
eyes had been over  exerted to read, at  a  distance en-
tirely within the focus of vision for aged eyes, and had
by  this  means  established  a condition  of  the eye
which glasses  could not  remove.  When  the arm has
to be stretched out to see print of ordinary  size, glasses
are required,  and the sooner they  are  provided the
better. 
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.
61
BLINDNESS FROM CLOSED  PUPIL.
  The  above  engraving  represents  the  method  of
forming an artificial  pupil, by separating the Iris, or
curtain of the eye, from the outer margin.  This oper-
ation is only rendered  necessary  Avhen  the center of
the eye has lost its transparency, leaving a dense, white
film, or cloud, which completely  excludes  the light,
while the  margin, or  circle around, retains  its natural
clearness.   By this operation sight is immediately  res-
tored.
  This  very  unfortunate  condition of the eye I have
seen under a great variety of circumstances, and where
it exists it completely excludes the passage of light to
the Eye ;  and though there is some perception of light,
no  object can be seen.  It arises  from causes various 
62
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND  EAR.
and  complicated, and where it exists  in both eyes, it
affords a complete barrier to the sight.   This condition
of the eye may be produced by  simple  inflammation,
neglected or badly treated.   It also'arises from wounds
to the  eye with  sharp  or cutting  instruments,  and
various other accidents.   I  have also known it to result
from the- indiscriminate use of mercury, a case of which
may be  read with some interest at the end of this
work,  the subject being one John L.  Elliott, of Port
Stanley,  who was  blind  for more than a year, but re-
ceived his sight by an operation performed by me in
the winter of 1854, and  was restored to good sight in
less  than one  minute.   Also, among the certificates
is the case of one Bartholomew  McMohan, who  was
dismissed from  the  Montreal Hospital  as blind  and
incurable, was operated on  by me, in the presence of
several medical gentlemen, whose names will appear
in their  proper places,  and was  immediately restored
to sight,  and is now able  to  earn a good livelihood.
The  appearance which  the eye  presents,  where  this
disease exists is, that the pupil or black centre which
constitutes  the sight,  is  not visible, and the general
appearance of the eye is dull.   If  the  pupil of the
eye  was closed in consequence  of some  instrument
being thrust into the organ, there will also be visible
a ivhite  line or spot  on  the front of the organ  indi-
cating  the point where the  instrument  entered. 
TREATISE  ON THE EYE AND EAR.         63
OPERATION  TO  RESTORE SIGHT IN CASE  OF
        BLINDNESS FROM CLOSED PUPIL.
   The above cut represents the appearance of an eye
after an operation for Artificial Pupil, in which case
sight has been restored.
   This is considered one of the most difficult, and may
also be defined, by a master operator, as one of the most
beautiful operations ever performed on the human body.
The operation for making a new or artificial pupil, is per-
formed in a single moment, without pain to the patient,
but with pleasure to the operator; for, like a passing cloud
that for a time  obscures the sun's rays, in one instant
the light of day will burst in upon the chamber of the
eye  so long en veiled in  darkness, and the patient at
once beholds with wonder and astonishment the ob-
jects that surround him.   His  emotions now  become
evident,  and as if to  express his  greater satisfaction,
unable  to  utter  a word,  sinks  back  upon the . couch
overcome with emotions  of  joy.  This description of
blindness is quite frequent, as  it results  usually  from
inflammation, that has closed the pupil by the  depo-
sition of white  adhesive  matter, thereby  shutting out
the light from the chamber of the eye.  The operation 
64          TREATISE ON THE  EYE AND EAR.

consists in removing a small portion of the iris, which
immediately admits the rays of light, and consequently
sight is  at once restored.   In  conclusion, then,  I
may venture to assert that when a simple closure  of
the  pupil   exists without  being  complicated  with
any other disease of the organ,  sight may be restored
in a single minute and with little or no pain, if, as may
be the case, some pointed instrument has  entered the
organ far enough to wound other important structures,
the operation of making a new or artificial pupil would
not restore sight.  The history of the case and a care-
ful  examination  of the  patient  will point  out the
prospects for a  successful operation.
                ARTIFICIAL EYES.
   I will here offer a few remarks on the Artificial Eye,
and endeavor to explain its advantages.
   Any  one who has lost an eye has probably felt the
inconvenience by the falling  in  of the lids and of the
consequent  escape of tears over the face.  They con-
stantly  experience more or less inconvenience from the
exposure  of the  socket to  the cold air and wind,
which  has the  effect  to weaken the sound eye  more
or less.
   The  Artificial Eye ccm he inserted without pain,  and
without previous operation.  It will move and roll in
exact accordance with the sound eye, and the resem-
blance,  will be  so perfect  as  completely  to escape
observation.
   They are manufactured for the most part in  France,
are composed of enamel, are  very beautiful  and dura-
ble, and their resemblance to  the human eye is  perfect.
Nothing can be more gratifying than the effect  and 
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.
65
Feeling of an Artificial Eye,—in fact you do not know
any  difference of feeling in your two eyes  after a  few
days—^and your nearest friends would find it difficult
to say,  from appearances,  whether nature or art  had
supplied the deficiency.
   Artificial Eyes are not only useful in improving the
appearance  and expression of  the countenance,  but
they protect the cavity from dust or extraneous matter,
exclude the cold air, support the lids,  and  prevent the
eye  from wasting and closing.
   They  also render  essential service to the healthy
eye, which often suffers by sympathy with the diseased
and  exposed socket
   Persons,  therefore, who have had the misfortune to
lose  an eye, should avail themselves of the advantages
of an artificial  one, which so completely  supplies all
apparent deficiency; there is  no doubt but it will save
them much pain and suffering,  and  perhaps  be  the
means of preserving sight in the sound organ.
CONICAL  CORNEA.
  The Cornea, or front of the eye, is also  subject to
changes, as may be seen by the abwe drawing, in which
the regular convexity is lost, and' elevated into  a coni-
cal, or sugar-loaf protuberance.
  It i& produced without pain or previous inflammation, 
 QC)          TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.

 or any visible change in structure in any other part  of
 the eye.  It occurs  in young and healthy subjects, and
 is more frequent with young women than  men.   The
 effect of this disease is to render the patient very short-
 sighted; and as the  cone increases in fullness, the sight
 becomes still shorter, till at last print requires to be
 held within an inch  of the eye to be seen at all, and
 r»nly then wTith some difficulty.
  This  condition of  the  eye may not be very  readily
 detected in its  early stages, and even after  it is fairly
 established, it can only  be discoverd by viewing the
 eye  in  profile, as  in the  preceding  figure,  when the
 excess of fullness becomes  clearly apparent—especially
 when compared with another and healthy organ.  Much
 may be  done for this condition of the eye if taken in
 season,  and  without  causing the least suffering.  But
 if neglected till the cornea  has become very prominent,
 there is but little hope for relief, as  in  this condition
the  sight is very poor or quite useless.
        EXTIRPATION OF THE EYE-BALL.

  The removal of the entire Eye from the socket by a
surgical  operation, becomes necessary  sometimes, in
•n'der to save life; but more frequently for the purpose
of arresting a destructive and fatal inflammation which
may be going on in the opposite organ.  When a disease
of a malignant nature attacks the eye or its  append-
ages, it soon  affects  the opposite  organ, and if active
measures be not immediately taken, the disease spreads
rapidly and soon the other  eye  will become  blind, and
life itself be put in great jeopardy.
  A case of this description will be found reported at 
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.
67
the end of this work, where the entire eye was removed,
together with a  large mass of disease  that had been
over Thirteen Years in existence.   The subject was a
young man,  twenty-three years  of age,  named John
Wilson, Jr., of Peterborough, Canada.  The mass was
successfully removed by a careful operation, performed
by me in the  presence of about twenty physicians.  The
patient, though  seriously affected by  the presence of
this disease,  both mentally  and  physically, was com-
pletely restored to sound health and strength, and was
able to return to his family in thirteen  days after  the
operation.   See case reported among the  cases at  the
end of this  wTork, with portrait of the  patient, just
before submitting to the operation.
STAPHILOMA.
THE ABOVE CUT GIVES THE APrEARANCE  WHICH AN EYE FREQUENTLY
  ASSUMES  AFTER THE SIGHT HAS  BEEN DESTROYED BY ANY OF THE
  ORDINARY FORMS OF INFLAMMATION.
   When an  eye has been  destroyed by an attack of
inflammation, especially if it be  of the purulent char-
acter, it  not unfrequently assumes the appearance of
the above engraving.  It will  here  be seen, by the
profile view  presented,  that  the entire front  of the
organ has not only  undergone  a complete transform-
ation, but by the loss of substance, the front  of the 
68          TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.

eye has given way under the extreme pressure  of the
globe, and the eye is bulged forward so as to render it
impossible to close the lids.   This condition is always
a growing evil, and sometimes, if not relieved  by an
operation, the whole globe will become involved in the
difficulty—crowding  forward  continually, until the
diseased organ has assumed a frightful appearance, too
terrible for most  persons too look upon.  The best
course to pursue when an  eye begins to bulge  forward
in this manner, and the sight has been destroyed, is to
apply to some skillful person and have an operation
performed, which may be  readily done, and the promi-
nent organ brought down to a proper level with the
other eye.   It is best in such cases to have the  opera-
tion made with the understanding that an artificial eye
is to be inserted; and this  can  generally be  done so
well as nearly to defy detection.   The operation itself
is  not attended with a great amount of pain, and  is
only  of a moment's duration.  I have several  patients
in this city  as references,  where I  have  removed the
diseased part and subsequently inserted  the  artificial
eye.
                  SHORT SIGHT

Is a natural defect of vision, generally from  birth.   I
have known this defect to arise  in youth and the mid-
dle  period  of  life,  from other causes.    It is,  as a
general thing, remedied only by glasses, though when
produced by disease, may be treated with  success the
same as other diseases. 
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.          69
   This disease consists in a fold of skin projecting in
such a way from the side of the root of the nose, over
the inner angle of the eye, as to cover the little carun-
cle, or small red body which occupies the extreme inner
angle of the eye.   The free edge of the fold  is some-
Avhat crescentic or semi-lunar in shape, and its extrem-
ities are continued into the skin of the upper and lower
eye-lid, as may be seen by examining the above figure.
It prevents  the eyes from being freely opened, and thus
interferes with vision.
   This peculiar conformation is supposed to be congen-
ital, though some writers have asserted  that  it was
sometimes the result of disease.  However, wherever
it exists, it may and should be removed by an operation,
which can always be done with very little cost of pain,
and  with a certainty  of  success that  admits of no
doubt.  I have made this operation on several occasions,
and was entirely successful  in  removing all traces  of 
70
TREATISE  ON THE EYE AND EAR.
the disease, which in many cases amounts to a positive
deformity.   By this operation, not only is the natural
appearance of the  eyes  restored  without  leaving a
blemish,  but the eyes themselves are much improved
in sight and appearance.
CANCER ON  THE EYE.
  Cancers  and  other  malignant growths not unfre-
quently appear on  some portion of the globe of the
eye or its appendages, and frequently they may be seen
on the lids.   The above figure gives a very good repre-
sentation  of  a  Stratvberry  Cancer,  which made  its
appearance at the inner angle of the eye, in the shape
of a small red elevated pimple, and gradually increased
to the size of  an ordinary filbert.   But they  much
more frequently attack the  lids, and sometimes  the
lachrymal gland.  I  have now an  elderly gentleman
under  my  care, who  has a malignant  disease of the
right eye, which made its first appearance in the back
part of the orbit, somewhere in the  immediate vicinity
of the lachrymal or tear gland, and  at this moment is
causing rapid disorganization of the surrounding parts.
  There is but httle that can be done for thess diseases,
especially when they are seated deep in the orbit;  but
if upon the outer surface, they may  be  removed, but
with some difficulty, and always with more or less lia-
bility to a return of the disease. 
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.
71
INVERTED  EYE-LIDS, or TURNING  IN  OF THE
                   EYE-LASHES.
  A constant state of irritation, as if from the presence
of some extraneous or foreign matter, is the  first and
most marked symptom of this disease; the  pain is of a
sharp, prickling, and  darting kind, felt most severely
when moving or rolling the globe  of the eye.   This is
accompanied by a troublesome flow of tears; the vision
is so far impeded that the patient can with  difficulty
direct it to any useful purpose, nor can he bear the eye
to be exposed to a bright light;  even the very mention
of light will cause a fresh gush of tears,  which will
compel him to turn his head unvoluntarily away.
  Upon inspection, it will be  observed that the free
margin of one or both lids is turned  inward upon  the
surface of the globe,  so that the  eye-lashes are in imme-
diate connection tvith the delicate membrane of the eye. as
represented in the above figure.  The degree of opthhal-
mia in these cases depends much upon the  duration of
the complaint, and in cases  of long continuance, that
portion of the membrane which  covers the cornea or
transparent front of the  eye, participates principally in
the disease;  the  brilliancy  of the surface  is lost, the
transparency diminished from the deposit of fibrinous
matter, and frequently large blood-vessels may be seen 
72
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.
in numbers, traversing  the  cornea in every  direction.
This  operates  on the eye just like any foreign body,
and every time the eye is moved, as is the case in wink-
ing, and every attempt to  see, the ivhole range of eye-
lashes play against the ball, causing the greatest irrita-
tation, and this constantly  increases  the difficulty in
question.   This  disease  arises most frequently  from
common inflammation,  which  has been injudiciously
treated, or neglected.  It may also be produced by the
free use of any of the quack  nostrums which patients
so frequently resort to, who have simple inflammation of
the eyes.  When this disease is once established, there is
no remedy that I know of, short of an operation; which,
when  skillfully  done,  will  immediately restore  the
inverted lid to its  normal condition, and the patient
finds  himself entirely  and  completely  relieved.   If
much inflammation has existed, from the  long continu-
ance of this disease, a few clays' or weeks' attendance
may be necessary to restore  the organ  to  a state  of
health and usefulness.
EVERSION, or TURNING OUT OF THE EYE-LASHES.
  This is another disease similar in some respects to
the preceding and requires some attention here.   It is
notjso serious in its results  as  Invertion, but it causes 
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.          73
much trouble and inconvenience to the patient, by the
constant flow of tears over the cheeks, and from inflam-
mation, which usually ensues when the dehcate mem-
brane  is exposed to  the wind and cold;  and, for the
same reason, the eyes suffer considerably by  the  lodg-
ment of dirt and  other foreign matter which fills the
air.  It arises from various causes, but principally as
the result of inflammation, and thickening of the.inner
or mucous lining  of the  lid.   It  is also produced  by
accidents, and by burns and scalds  about  the eyes,
which, in healing, drawTs  the lid up or down, as the case
may be, and when healed, retains  the lid, with the
surface exposed, as represented in the preceding figure.
   This very troublesome and most hideous  condition
of the eye may be completely removed, or very nearly
so, by an operation, in most cases, and with  but  httle
pain; and the relief in such  cases is  immediate, when
operative means have been adopted.
   I  recently performed  this operation, with complete
success, on  two  patients:  one, a Mr. John Hoover, of
Madison, Wis., aged sixty years, who had been a sufferer
by this disease for four years, and was nearly blind,—
and  a young gentleman aged  twenty years, named
Chas. Hawley, of Barrington, 111., who was  in a  most
pitiable condition when I received him, and who had
suffered for  over seven years by this  dreadful malady.
In both these cases  there was  immediate relief from
suffering from the moment the operation was  made, and
sight was completely restored by a short course of sub-
sequent treatment.  This  operation  is a  momentary
affair,  and gives but little pain, and as this is the only
radical method of affording relief, no person having
this  terrible disease should ever shrink from the course
herein advised. 
74         TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.
NO OPINION  CAN  BE  GIVEN WITHOUT  EXAM-
                     INATION.

   It may be well  to  mention here, that it would  be
quite impossible to give an opinion as to the probability
of curing any case  of disease of the Eye or Ear, with-
out first seeing the  patient  and  making a  proper
examination; at least this is the only way to give  an
opinion upon which any reliance could be placed.
   It would not be  too much to say,  that all diseases of
the Eye  and Ear are curable, at some period of time,
and are  only rendered otherwise by neglect and bad
treatment.   It   is  always  best,  however,  whenever
patients  or parents  discover anything wrong with these
delicate  organs, to seek  suitable  advice  in good time.
It were  much  better, in most instances, that  nothing
were  done, than to allow  any  one to meddle with, or
advise treatment, who is not qualified, both from judg-
ment  and  experience, in  the  proper management of
such cases; • and unless  well  skilled in  the  different
varieties of disease, to which  these tender organs are
subject, their main  reliance  should be on general means.
If topical  applications should be  resorted  to,  they
should be of a cooling and soothing nature, and I might
say simple water alone.   Scarcely a day passes, but that
I  have applicants for treatment who have  suffered  for
several  days before coining to me, and  I usually find
something  has  been ordered to bathe the eyes, which
has left indelible spots or specks  on  the  sight.  These
arise from  the  action of ill-advised treatment, and  from
physicians not  knowing or  heeding that certain condi-
tions  of the  Eye do  not bear  the indiscriminate use of 
           TREATISE ON  THE EYE AND  EAR.          75

drugs, andufien used, never fail to leave those traces behind
which cannot be removed.
  By a little, timely discretion, in such cases, it cannot
be doubted that much suffering may be prevented, and
sometimes sight or  hearing may  be preserved, which
ill-directed treatment, (though well intended) may ruin
for ever. 
I 
          DEAFNESS
                  AND

DISEASES  OF  THE  EAR.
THE ABOVE FIGURE REPRESENTS THE EAR WITH A SMALL INSTRUMENT
          INTRODUCED TO EXAMINE THE ORGAN.
                HEARING.
  Hearing is an animal sense, the effect of undulations
of airs or fluids, or of vibrations of solids upon a special
nerve, produced through the medium of an apparatus,
more or less complicated, and by which important per-
ceptions of the outer world are acquired. 
78
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND  EAR.
  So important is  sound in conveying information to
the brain, that some physiologists have ranked the Ear
higher in utility  than the Eye;  but apparently upon
insufficient grounds, for as this organ is not so generally
found in the animal series, it would rather  seem that
Hearing  was of secondary  importance to  Vision, in
procuring food, and in avoiding danger.
  Any deviation of the sense of Hearing from the
perfect state of  the  organ, will  be classed  under the
head of Deafness; whether  it arises from  sickness or
cold, from  accident  or violence,  whether natural or
acquired, so long as  there  exists a diminution of the
power of hearing in one or both ears, it must  be con-
sidered under the head of Deafness-
  The different degrees and varieties  of deafness will
only be touched upon  in a general  manner, as the
nature of this small w^ork will not admit of the author
doing more than to make a very brief allusion to some
of the most common forms of deafness and disease of
these organs, as met with in this country.  Volumes
might be written on the subject of deafness alone, but
it is quite sufficient in the present instance to call atten-
tion to some of the most common and dangerous dis-
eases, and to advise means to protect them  against the
dreadful consequences which too frequently ensue.
  Any impairment of hearing, from the slightest dull-
ness to the  more severe form  of deafness,  may  be
treated with more or less success, and if taken  in time,
the  hearing  may  be restored altogether.   Numerous
certificates will be found at the end of this  work, fully
corroborative of this  statement, from persons of well
known veracity  and respectability. I  do not wish to
be understood, however that all cases  of deafness are
curable in my hands, but I do mean to say that there 
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.          79
are many cases of  very severe deafness,  that  have
stood for more than a  score of years, that are  more
easily cured than some of a different description, which
have only existed for a few weeks or months.  I have
myself removed  deafness of forty  years' standing, by
one hears treatment, and made the hearing  as good, or
nearly so, as it ever  was; and by a few days occasional
attendance,  the patient not only found his hearing per-
fect, but all other morbid symptoms and  unpleasant
feeling had subsided  with it—still again it might require
some weeks to cure  deafness  less severe, that had only
recently appeared.   The same is true  with  diseases of
the Eye.  A disease may attack an eye, of so violent
a character  as entirely to destroy the organ  in two or
three days ; and another may have  disease, with partial
loss of sight, for several years together, still the organ
may be preserved and the sight made good.  This is
explained by understanding the nature  of  the disease
and severity of the  attack, and is generally  understood
by all practising physicians.
   I make this  explanation to  the reader, that he may
sometimes avoid useless and  unnecessary inquiry; for
I am constantly receiving letters from different parties,
who always make sure to mention some circumstance
connected with their case as being (in their opinion)
favorable or unfavorable to a cure.  They  say, " I lost
my hearing entirely only a few weeks ago, from an
attack of Brain Fever,  and I therefore consider I may
be cured, as the  case is so recent."   Another will  say,
" I became  deaf, or hard of hearing, some twenty or
thirty years ago, from taking cold,  or from the measles,
or scarlet  fever, when I was quite a child, and I there-
fore suppose there is no help for  me."  Now, in both
these cases, the patients have judged of their cases by 
80         TREATISE ON THE EYE  AND EAR.
the length of time the disease had existed, and although
very natural thus to reason, still they are both incorrect,
for a ease of total annihilation  of the hearing, from  an
attack of brain fever, I believe  to be incurable, and
unless  some amelioration from  complete and entire
deafness supervenes  upon the  subsidence  of the cere-
bral attack, I do  not know of any rational mode of
treatment that would be likely to be of service.  But
if a patient  he partially restored after such an  attack,
I have no doubt but that timely  treatment, judiciously
practiced, would have a decidedly good  effect upon
him, and ultimately restore the hearing entirely.
   But  deafness following Measles  and Scarlet Fever,
of  twenty,  thirty, or  even  sixty years' standing has
been cured  by me, and  numerous  cases of  the same
description,  varying from five to forty years, have been
readily cured In a few weeks or months, and  the hear-
ing made good.  Some interesting and highly  credit-
able certificates will be found appended.
              ADVICE ON DEAFNESS.
  Timely attention, such as the generality of people
are able to command, would greatly lessen the number
of the  deaf.  Unfortunately, it is  common for those
who are threatened with loss of hearing"; to argue, that
from the tardy advance  of  the  evil, the causes which
are producing it cannot  be very powerful or  deeply
rooted,  and they flatter themselves that time  will, of
itself, bring relief, rather  than aggravation.  Thus it is,
that thousands, by culpable neglect, throw  away  the
invaluable chance of recovery offered by  early treat-
ment and prudential self-regard.  The  tisssues  of the
ear are so solid, and shut out from other organs, that 
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND  EAR.
81
when once a diseased habit has been established within,
it is  only with the  greatest difficulty that the enemy
can be dislodged.
  Nothing more surely proves the slow-stealing advance
of deafness, (in the general sense,) than that very few
are able to name the precise date of their  misfortune.
They can generally remember, that long before they
considered  themselves  deaf, there were times when
conversation in a large room, or in the society of several
persons, required unusual attention to be correctly com-
prehended.   That  in damp weather, or while eating,
or when the back wTas turned to the speaker, the diffi-
culty was increased.  That  wrords containing certain
consonants,  as I or s,  wrere  sometimes mistaken  for
others—this being  the case  especially  with proper
names ; that the voice of a stranger, or conversation in
a strange room, was less intelligible than one to which
the hearer had been accustomed.   All these facts  are
interesting  as being among the first signs of failing
hearing.  On their  earliest  manifestation, it wrould be
wise to place the auditory organ in the best possible
state of defence.  As the mucuous membrane is  the
chief point  affected by injurious influences, all causes
that act upon it prejudicially should be held in appre-
hension ;  and cold and humidity, being by far the most
frequent of  these, and affecting the ear in the greatest
variety of forms, should be guarded  against with  the
most sedulous care.
  When deafness has commenced, every fresh catarrh
will  be sure to add something to its aggravation.  Sud-
den  transitions from heated assemblies to the cold air,
or vice versa, are much more  likely  to  occasion  cold
than exposure to either a uniformly high or low temper-
ature, and should therefore be avoided.   I have known
                         6 
82          TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.

persons liable to catarrh, who  guarded  against it by
never entering a warm  room from the open air in  cold
weather, without lingering a minute or two in  the  hall
or lobby, and on passing  out observing  the  same  pre-
caution.
 DISCHARGE FROM  THE EAR,  FROM COLD AND
                 COMMON CAUSES.

   A  purulent  discharge  from the Ear  is of very fre-
 quent occurrence in young children, and is not unfre-
 quently seen in  the adult.   It arises, generally, from
 cold,  which settles  itself in one or both ears,  causing
 considerable pain, and after a few days of suffering, a
 thin  discharge  is  discovered,  and  the patient feels
 relieved.   In these  cases there is more or less deafness
 in the affected  ear, and a sense of fullness  or  stuffing-
 is frequently experienced in the other.   If no attention
 be paid to this  state of things, permanent deafness will
 certainly  ensue, and moreover, by the time the affected
 ear has become nearly useless for the purpose of hear-
 ing, the opposite  ear will  often take  on  a sympathetic
disease, and destroy the hearing entirely.  I frequently
 see cases  like these, and when patients place themselves
 under treatment  in  time, the  disease can be arrested
completely, and the hearing made good; without this
 precaution, there is  great danger of becoming  perma-
 nently deaf, in  one or both ears.   This discharge arises
 in the first instance from the passage of the ear, without
 affecting its internal delicate structure, but if it be allowed
to continue,  the  consequences will be ulceration and
perforations through  the drum of the ear, causing  still
 greater deafness,  and rendering  it impossible to make
the hearing perfect.   Much may be  done, however,  in 
            TREATISE ON  THE EYE AND EAR.         83

all such cases, to mitigate the distress and improve the
condition of the  diseased organ, which, under any cir-
cumstances, will arrest  the  mischief  and  do much
towards restoring the organ to a healthy state.
ARTIFICIAL TYMPANUM, or DRUM FOR THE EAR.
   It may not  be generally known, that in almost all
cases where there is or has been a discharge of purulent
matter from the ears, continued for weeks, months, and
in many  cases  for  years, as it  frequently  does, and
which arises from various causes, such as scarlet fever,
measles, whooping  cough,  common cold,  injuries, etc.,
that there is generally to be found an opening in the
drum of the ear, which communicates with the internal
and more delicate structure of the organ; and that  so
long as this  discharge is  allowed to continue,  it will
entirely destroy the delicate drum of the ear, and leave
the middle chamber exposed  to the influence of cold.
Nothing can be more absurd than the old  doctrine, that
these discharges  are healthy, and therefore  must not
be arrested.  They  are dangerous  and destructive  to
the hearing, and should always be treated and cured if
possible.   They will, if allowed to go on, completely
disorganize the delicate membrane or drum, and leave
the patient liable to  attacks of increased deafness; and
will eventually produce abscess on the brain and destroy
life.   I have known many cases of sudden death  caused
by the discharges taking an inward course, burrowing
and undermining the brain.  This is apt to occur when,
after a severe  cold, the ear swells and closes at its outer
orifice, confining the matter within, and having no means
of external escape, burrows toward the- brain,, and soon
produces death. 
84         TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.

  After any sickness, accident, or disease, which caused
a discharge to be  established at the  ears, it  should
receive early and prompt attention.   This, if skillfully
managed, will not only remove what must  be  a great
nuisance to the unfortunate sufferer, but will avert that
which  will inevitably follow, if allowed to continue,
viz:  the destruction of the drum, with partial or complete
loss of the poiver of hearing.   There are  but few cases
of discharge from these organs but what can be  cured
in a  very short time, with advantage to both health and
hearing; and when this has been done, if a portion  or
the whole of the delicate membrane or drum proves to
be destroyed, its place can be supplied by the insertion
of an artificial membrane, made to  correspond  exactly
to the size  of the opening caused by the  disease.   This
can be done without the least pain, and a patient who
could not hear common conversation a moment before,
will  frequently be able to  hear  a low whisper with the
greatest ease.   This beautiful discovery has  been tested
in numerous instances, and has  met  with universal
favor, both in Europe and the  United States.   Those
who have  any  hesitation  about having the  artificial
drum inserted, can  at  least  have their  ears attended,
and  have  these destructive  discharges  arrested, both
for their own personal comfort, as  well  as  the  future
protection and preservation of the organ.
NOISE  AND  SINGING IN THE  EAR, A  SIGN OF
         THE  APPROACH OF DEAFNESS.
  This annoying and disagreeable sensation in the Ear
is a very certain sign of the approach of deafness, and
whenever it appears, and continues, deafness is certain
to follow, sooner or later.  It is frequently not observed 
            TREATISE ON  THE EYE AND EAR.         85

till the deafness itself has become evident, but when it
precedes the deafness for a long time, it has been found
more  difficult  to restore the  hearing.   It indicates a
morbid condition of the apparatus of hearing, in  some
part of its complicated structure.  It seldom subsides
spontaneously, if it has been of long continuance, unless
the accompanying deafness  has been removed, or  the
power of the  auditory  nerve has become so entirely
insensible to the influence of sound as  to  render  hear-
ing extremely difficult, if not quite impossible.
   These sounds are variable in tone  and  character.
depending on a great variety of circumstances, both
local and constitutional.   They have been compared to
the rushing of water, roaring of the sea  at a distance,
singing of  a tea-kettle, puffing of a  steam-pipe, sounds
from various insects, ringing of small bells, and almost
every other imaginable  sound.  I once had a patient
apply to me, saying she  had a mouse in her ear, for  she
could hear it squeal as plainly as possible; and all  the
persuasion I could use would not dissuade her from the
belief that a mouse, or some moving creature, had  found
its way into the passage of the ear, producing the noise
in question.  I mention this circumstance  merely to
show how  strong a resemblance to certain sounds  the
morbid conditions of the auditory apparatus are  capa-
ble of producing.
   I need scarcely add,  that  any course of  treatment,
whether directed to the  ear, or operating through  the
system,  that has the effect of removing the  noise,  will
undoubtedly be the means of checking the  deafness, if
already begun, or avert its threatened approach. 
86         TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.
DISEASES OF THE EAR NOT PAINFUL TO  CURE.

   The treatment of diseases of the Ear is, for the most
part,  extremely complicated and  difficult;  and  those,
therefore, who do not devote  much of their time and
attention to them, can scarcely expect to understand the
management of them.  It is gratifying, however, to be
able to add, that notwithstanding their extreme compli-
cation, there is seldom any pain given by the treatment.
A child three years of age may go through the  treat-
ment  without evincing the least amount of bodily suff-
ering.  I have succeeded, within a few days, in removing
a very troublesome and  offensive  discharge from  the
ears of two infants, one being ten and the other fifteen
months of age.   In these little creatures the treatment
evidently  had a  soothing effect as they remained per-
fectly passive during the  whole operation.
   The only really painful disease  of  the Ear is acute
inflammation of the Tympanum, or common Ear Ache,
and these  cases seldom reach me till after these painful
symptoms have passed over, and the patient applies to
me to have the hearing improved.
            VARIETIES OF DEAFNESS.
  I will not attempt in the present work to classify the
diseases of the Ear, or go into a detailed account of the
various symptoms peculiar to each, but merely mention
some of the leading features and characteristic marks of
some of the most common forms of diseases of the ear,
as they are generally met with, and enumerate some of
the  principal causes which unite in producing them.
t 
           TREATISE ON  TUB EYE AND EAR.          87

  The variety and* number of these diseases, in com-
parison with  those of the eye, are  small; and though
diminished in number, they nevertheless form a most
important branch of study, well  worthy the attention
of the scientific and industrious observer.
  Diseases of the Ear, differing in character, may arise
from similar causes, and so, various causes may combine
to produce diseases similar in character.   The treatment
of these  modifications of disease will also vary, accord-
ing to circumstances, both as regards the disease and
the constitution of the patient.
     DEAFNESS, WITH  NOISE IN THE  EARS.

   This is the most common form of deafness, I believe,
 in the country.  It usually arises very slowly, or may
 come on from the sudden transmission  from heat to
 cold, with but little notice.  It is always accompanied
 with more or less noise  or  buzzing in the ears, often
 resembling various insects, the rushing of water, or the
 puffing of a steam-pipe.   It changes from time to time;
 the hearing is usually variable, being generally best in
 clear, warm weather.   It arises from cold, exposure to
 the  sun,  mental  excitement,  and  frequently from  a
 disordered state of the system.  This  disease I believe
 to be readily curable, as a  general thing, though  it may
 sometimes be tedious to overcome, where it has existed
 for a long time in a weak  and disordered constitution.
 In  some cases the disease has been removed in a  few
 days;  of  course the sooner it is taken in hand,  after it
 lias become established, the better will be the chances
for a speedy recovery. 
88         TREATISE ON THE EYE  AND EAR.
   DEAFNESS, WITHOUT NOISE IN THE  EAR.
   This is a form of deafness similar to the one before
stated, with  the exception  that  there is an entire
absence  of all noises or sounds  in the ear,  although
many of these cases may at some  time or other have
presented this unpleasant and annoying feature.   The
principal pathological difference which these two forms
present,  is the presence  or  absence of sound  or noise;
which, in the former, indicates  an increased or excited
condition of the auditory apparatus—while in the lat-
ter, diminished power of the auditory nerves, or nerves
of hearing.  They usually arise from the  same causes
as the first named, and the principles of treatment are
the same, varying, of course, according to circumstances
and constitutional peculiarities.
THREE HUNDRED CASES OF DEAFNESS TREATED,
            AND THE RESULT GIVEN.
  My own opinion regarding the curability of diseases
of the ear is founded on the  result of  three hundred
cases, as they have been recorded in my journal, accord-
ing to the order in which they have been presented for
treatment, after they have been examined in the most
careful  manner,  and without  making  any  selection.
This  number should  certainly be amply sufficient  to
afford a  close  approximation  to a  correct  statistical
statement of the  curability of the ear.
  Of the 300  patients treated,  16  were found quite
incurable, 64 received more or less  improvement, and
220 were discharged cured. 
treatise on the eye and ear.
89
            It appears, therefore, by this statement, that one to
         every eighteen cases is incapable of receiving any bene-
         fit by treatment;  one  to five  more  or less improved;
         and more than tivo-thirds of the whole number cured.
            Of the unrelieved patients, and those who derived
         but little benefit from the  treatment, the  greater num-
         ber certainly would have had a far more  happy  result
         had they given the requisite  attention.  In fact, many
         of  those referred  to did  not find it  convenient, after
         two or three  visits, to pay any farther attention to it,
         otherwise a much larger proportion of cured and relieved
         would doubtless have  been added to the number.
            From the very large number  of patients  which  I
         receive under treatment for  deafness, from all parts of
         Canada and the United States, I am satisfied that the
         profession elsewhere have had  but a small share of
         success in removing the  diseases with which these del-
k         icate  organs  are so frequently attacked.   Nearly, if not
         quite, every patient who makes  application  to me for
         assistance and relief from their deafness, has, at some
         period  or  other, been treated by other medical gentle-
         men,  or  self-styled Aurists, and without  receiving the
         least benefit whatever.  Still, I find in many  of these
         cases, that I have but a few days' or hours work  before
         me, to restore the  hearing completely, though a few sub-
         sequent sittings  might  be required after the hearing
         has been restored, to secure the patient against relapse.
             By referring to some  of the cases at the end of this
         work, the reader  will find  a few scattering  names
         reported, the most prominent of  which is the case  of
*         Jonathan  Dean, Esq., who resides at  Buffalo, and who
         was very deaf for forty years, and who could not  hear
         conversation, excepting in a  very loud tone, had his
         hearing completely restored, in two sittings,  of one hour 
90         TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.

each.   The first sitting was given  on the morning of
the 4th of July, 1855, at Buffalo, and the second was
on the day following; and no return of deafness  since.
DEAFNESS FROM SCARLET FEVER AND MEASLES.
   No disease has probably done more injury to hearing
than Scarlet Fever, which has, in innumerable instances,
completely destroyed all power of hearing, from which
patients hava never recovered.   I have  myself exam-
ined upwards of 500 cases of total deafness, in Canada
and the United States, which is said  to  have resulted
from this fearful disease.
   Measles  has also some effect on the hearing, but more
usually it attacks  the eyes,  and is  often troublesome
or even impossible  to get  rid  of by ordinary means.
Its effects on the hearing, I think, are generally trifling,
and is  seldom the means of destroying it  altogether.
When complete  deafness ensues  from Scarlatina, I am
inclined to  look upon it as decidedly unfavorable for
successful treatment, unless,  as  is mentioned  in brain
fever, some improvement takes  place on the breaking
up of the disease.
  Another very common result from  Scarlet Fever is
running or  discharge from the  ears,  accompanied  with
more or less deafness.  It may arise from cold, measles,
accidents, and various causes, and is usually considered
by medical  men and others as  incurable.  It is generally
thought to be  injurious to the constitution to arrest
such discharge; but I take the  responsibility of saying
that I have removed the disease "where discharge has
existed for  forty years, without producing any unpleas-
ant effect, or in any way impairing the  health;  on the 
            TREATISE  ON TIIE EYE AND EAR.          91

contrary, the removal of such  discharge  is  invariably
attended with a  decided improvement in the general
health, and ahuays with a most gratifying improvement
in the powrer of hearing.   A  few certificates to this
effect will show the  success  of treatment on deafness
following this disease, may be read with some interest
in this wTork, among the other testimonials.  Discharges
from  the  ears, following Scarlet  Fever, are not only
disagreeable in themselves, and the cause  of the  most
obstinate and severe deafness, but the disease may, at
any time, and with but a few  hours' notice, terminate
by forming abscesses at the base of the brain, and thus
suddenly cause death.
   It is not attended with pain in the forming stage, and
on this account is likely to be  neglected  so long as  a
patient can be made to hear at all; but at  an  unex-
pected moment patients with this disease may be seized
with pain on one side of the head, and  giddiness, and
before medical aid can be brought to  bear on  the  case,
it proves fatal.
   This disease, I believe to be  curable at  any period
of life;  the discharge can usually be arrested, and the
hearing restored or  greatly improved,  and by  this
attendance  the  disease  is effectually prevented  from
making any further inroads upon  the constitution, or
impairing the hearing to a greater extent, without which
it would,  in the course of  time, destroy  altogether.
Patients who have had this disease for a length of time
become very dull, and oftentimes quite stupid—and all
this arises from the want of hearing.   But when treat-
ment has been successfully used in such cases, there is
as much improvement observable in the intelligence of
the patient as in the  condition of  the disease  itself.
When the discharge from the ears is  accompanied with 
92          TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.

a particularly bad smell, it  indicates that some of the
bones of the ear are diseased, and the sooner the case
is attended to the better.
  The reader can with confidence rely on the statement
above  made  with  reference  to this disease, its effects,
and  its prospects for cure.   Several  certificates,  from
highly respectable  parties, have  been  handed in by
parents and others who have had practical proof of its
efficacy on their own persons—although I am free  to
admit that it clashes with some  of  the opinions of the
old  and newT-school practitioners.
  I may further state, that the removal of this disease
is invariably accompanied with an improvement of the
general health; for whenever a discharge is established
in any part of the system,  and kept up for any length
of time, the constitution suffers  by it, and is always in
proportion to the strength of the patient, and the extent
and nature of the matter so discharged.
DEAFNESS FROM  SEA-BATHING, OR  GOING IN
                   THE WATER.

  It is no uncommon occurrence for persons to become
deaf from going into the water;  and this  arises from
two principal causes, viz:  from the lodgment of water
within the  passage  of  the ear, from  which cause
inflammation and discharge from the ear is  soon estab-
lished, and frequently  with ulcerations through  the
drums.   Secondly, by concussion, while diving.   When
water has been the cause, there is usually  experienced
a sense of weight and stuffing of the ear, which is  soon
followed  by pain and  discharge.   If by concussion,
there will be noise and  singing in the ear, with slight 
           TREATISE ON TnE  EYE AND EAR.         93

dullness of hearing; the noise becomes more troublesome
and the deafness increases, and  unless some relief be
given to the afflicted organ, it will frequently pass into
the opposite ear, and render the patient  stupidly deaf.
   Both of these  forms  of deafness can generally be
removed, if taken in season,  but if neglected until an
extensive suppuration is established, or until the pre-
viously sound organ has  become involved in the general
difficulty, it will be difficult to remove it altogether,
though much may be done at all times to mitigate the
more severe forms of deafness arising from such acci-
dents, and  to  prevent the  complete  loss  of hearing
which not unfrequently  ensues.  Persons who are in
the habit of bathing frequently, and diving far  under
water, should always take the precaution to introduce
a little soft cotton-wool into each ear before venturing
under water, as by this  simple means  they will very
frequently avert  an  accident that  would  affect  their
happiness for life.
DEAFNESS FROM FOREIGN SUBSTANCE IN THE
                       EAR.
  Children frequently introduce various subtances into
the Ear without  being  sensible of  the  consequences.
And  sometimes  beans,  peas, glass beads, small pebble-
stones, and such like articles, are  held against  the ear,
with  the  view of  performing  some  childish trick  or
sleight of hand, when it slips from the fingers and drops
into the passage of the ear, beyond their reach.   These
facts  are frequently concealed from their parents, from
the fear  of  punishment, and  the substance 'so intro-
duced sometimes  remains there until inflammation and
deafness  ensues,  which may  be  in a few days,  or 
 94          TREATISE  ON THE EYE AND EAR.

 possibly may continue for  several weeks before it  is
 observed.   Oftentimes the circumstance is lost sight of
 that something was put into the ear, and when the fact
 has been made known immediately, it is thought nothing
 of, because it gives no  pain; and perhaps, on looking
 into the ear, it  cannot be seen, and  may  be  supposed
 not  to  be  there  at all.  I  have seen much  mischief
 done by unskillful hands, in attempting to remove sub-
 stances from the ear.   Insects will also frequently get
 into the ear,  and cause great  distress.   Wood-tieks,
filies, bugs,  ear-wigs,  and even worms,  are sometimes
 extracted from  the ear, having  been there for  years.
 They generally crawl into the ear while a person  is
 sleeping on the ground; and when, on  waking, they
 discover they have pain in the ear, they naturally sup-
 pose they  have taken  cold, when, in fact, the pain  is
 caused by the presence of a living insect.  They have
 been known to  remain in the ear several weeks, and be
 taken out alive.  I have known a glass bead,  that had
 been put into the ear of a little girl in Montreal,  forced
 down to the bottom of the ear, in attempting to extract
 it, and finally the drum  was split, and  the bead  made
 its way into the  middle chamber of the ear, causing
 great pain  and extensive bleeding.   The child was
 then abandoned by the physicians, and a blister ordered
 to the back of the neck,  with the avowed  view of draw-
 ing it out.   This child was brought to  me in a terrible
 state of excitement and fear, from the pain  she had
 undergone, expecting to have as much, or more, to bear
 from me, as the bead  was still  there.  However, by
 great persuasion and  kindness to the  little sufferer,'I
 prevailed upon her to allow me to make the  effort,
 which was done by means of a small silver pump^. which
 was  so arranged as to draw it  up from  its  bed, and 
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.         95
placing it within reach  of a  delicate instrument, used
expressly for removing  such substances  from the ear.
Had this ingenious contrivance failed, the child's life
must have been sacrificed.  She is now well and enjoys
good hearing, though  that  ear is of course imperfect.
This operation was performed in 1849, and the patient
was the daughter of Michael Kelly, of Montreal.
              POLYPUS IN  THE EAR.
  This is also a source of deafness, arising from various
causes.  It consists in the formation of a fleshy growth,
generally taking root at the bottom of the ear; is of a
soft, spongy  nature,  and  has  a very offensive smell
accompanying it.   It destroys the hearing in  course of
time, if not attended to.  They can be readily removed,
and without  giving  pain, but  their removal should
never  be attempted  by  any  one  who is  not well
acquainted with their peculiar nature, for by a want of
suitable precaution, the drum may be injured, andthe
hearing destroyed.   I have invented  a  neat  little
instrument for the removal of  these Polypi^ which
accomplishes  the work in  perfect safety,  and with the
most  desirable success, in less  than one minute, and
without  the   patient feeling  more than   a  trifling
uneasiness.
      DEAFNESS FROM UNKNOWN CAUSES.
  Diseases of the ear generally, arising from in known
causes, or even from the common causes, such as colds,
exposure, etc., can  be cured  if taken in  season.  The
principal  difficulty  is to  get  them under treatment
before too much mischief has been done, or before the 
96
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND  EAR.
sensibility of the  organ has  been destroyed  by the
officious interference of ignorant pretenders, or by the
voluntary use of sundry  vulgar remedies, such as oils,
drops, ointments, etc.
  The less done for such cases, that is not backed up
by good judgment and a familiar acquaintance with the
ear and its diseases, the more likely will  the applicant
be to obtain relief from the proper source.
  The above figure represents one  of the instruments
which is in daily use for the treatment of some forms
of deafness, in certain conditions of the ear, and though 
            TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.          97

 it may seem to be a formidable looking affair, its use is
 not attended with the least pain to the patient;  the
 most delicate person could sit and have  the  treatment
 used  without moving a muscle.
   The only difficulty in the use of the instrument is in
 the operator's^ hands.  It  has  required  great practice
 and much patience to realize the advantages which this
 beautiful discovery affords.  It will no doubt prove a
 novelty to some medical men themselves, and will per-
 haps  put some of them to  their wit's end  to decipher
 the principal object it is intended to fulfil, or to credit
 the truly magic power with which it  triumphs over
 diseases that have  withstood for  years the "battle of
 the brave."
   The principle of this instrument, I believe, originated
 with  the German physicians, and has only of late years
 been  brought into use on the continent  of Europe, and
 even  then by only  one or  two industrious  and skillful
 operators.   The present drawing represents the one
 which the author invented, and  has had  in  constant
 use for the last twrelve years.  Although it is in princi-
ple similar to the German  instrument, it is entirely a
 different affair, and far more serviceable.
   It has been the dwect means of restoring the hearing
 of several hundred patients, within the  last few years.
 No discovery in science has ever proved itself of higher
 value in  alleviating human affliction, than that which
 revealed the causes of deafness,  and furnished means
 for their  complete  removal.   And to this instrument,
 under proper  management, and well directed experi-
ence,  is due  the fulfilment of  these indications.
   I will here take occasion to mention, that the instru-
ment  represented in the foregoing figure is only applica-
ble to certain forms of deafness, and is seldom or never 
98          TREATISE  ON THE EYE AND EAR.

required on young children.   Deafness in these young
subjects  generally arises from  Scarlet Fever, Measles,
Brain Fever,  Influenza, or common cold, etc., and is
seldom accompanied by any noise or sounds in the ear,
like those which arise almost spontaneously in the adult.
They are almost always accompanied by a discharge,
more or less extensive, and usually of a very foetid odor.
The mode of treating these cases is  entirely  different,
and is not attended with the least pain or distress to
the patient.  Operations  in such cases  are extremely
rare,  and when required,  are  of trifling consequence.
Much unnecessary alarm is often  felt by  those who
require treatment  for the cure of these diseases, lest
they should have to undergo some formidable and pain-
ful operation; and man}', no doubt, delay giving their
cases  attention, from  this  circumstance.   I can assure
them, however, that it is not the  case.  Any operation
which I have to go through with, for the restoration of
hearing, either in children  or  adults, is neither painful
nor particular!}' disagreeable.
            CATARRH  OF  THE HEAD.
  This  loathsome disease, which frequently lays the
foundation for  deafness,  and which  is in itself a most
disgusting complaint, when is has become fairly settled,
may now be perfectly cured in from  three to six weeks,
with great certainty.  If the disease has been of long
standing, and the discharge from the nose is very copi-
ous, attended with  mwe\\ factor, it may still be cured,
and the entire  nuisance completely  eradicated, though
it may require  a  little extension of  time in very bad
cases. 
            TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.          99

   This disease is  of common occurrence, and can sel-
 dom be removed by the treatment which is usually
 resorted to.  I have never known any permanent ben-
 efit to be derived  from the  various Snuffs usually rec-
 ommended for their relief.  The only legitimate course
 of treatment is that wrhich acts upon the diseased mem-
 brane, and arrests the discharge by  restoring the  dis-
 eased surface to a healthy action.   This can  be done
 with the same success as I treat similar discharges from
 the chamber of the ear, or from the Eye and Lachrymal
 passages, for a catarrhal affection of  the head is noth-
 ing more than a chronic inflammation of the mucous
 membrane  of the  nasal passage,  extending to  the
frontal sinus, winch  occupies  the  space between  the
 eye-broios, at the  lower  part  of the forehead, and if
 long continued  or neglected, it eventually affects the
 bones in that locality, destroys  the sense of smell,  and
 lays the foundation for  deafness and consmption.   Sev-
 eral  cases of this disease  have been cured by  the
 Author, within a few months past, to whorn  reference
 can  be  given.
      DEAFNESS FROM EXCESS OF SOUND.

   Deafness, in various degrees of intensity, very  fre-
quently arises from excess of sound, or more properly,
perhaps, by over stimulation of the auditory nerves.
   In large factories, where there is an incessant rattling
of machinery, particularly if the sound be  of  a sharp
metallic  nature, and continued for a length of time,
deafness, more or less severe, will frequently supervene.
Boiler-makers are particularly prone  to this species of
deafness,  and frequently lose their  hearing entirely,. 
 100         TREATISE  ON LTHE EYE AND EAR.

 Any loud report, like the discharge from a heavy field-
 piece, will frequently produce deafness the most intense
 and unmanageable:  I have frequently been consulted
 by persons who  completely lost the use  of an ear by
 the heavy discharge of artillery.  In some cases I have
 known the drum to be ruptured by the severe concus-
 sion, but much more frequently the immediate cause of
 'the deafness is by the excess of sound, which overcomes
 the power  of the  auditory nerve.   It is well known
. that too much light in a concentrated form will produce
 partial blindness, and if persisted  in, will  completely
 r destroy the sight.  Sound being the proper stimulus
 ,pf  the ear, may if too powerfully  applied,  and fre-
 quently does, produce partial or complete  paralysis of
 the  auditory nerve  of one or both ears.   Military
 men and others  exposed to this excess of sound by the
 discharge of field-pieces, should take the  precaution  to
 fill the ear with  dry cotton-w^ool beforehand: it will at
 least be the means of protection, and perhaps avert an
 evil not easy to  get rid of.  Recoveries from deafness
 of this sort are usually tedious,  and not abvays cOrtain,
 though much good may be done if  taken in time, par-
 ticularly if produced by a sudden  concussion of the
 air.  Boiler-makers and others who find, then- hearing
 failing by the constant sharp sound necessary to  their
 occupation, should also use the same pr-ecaution; but
 when deafness once commences in such persons, it will
 generally continue to grow worse,  from year to  year,
 till the hearing is quite lost.  The only sensible advice
 to such persons  is, to  recommend them to change their
 occupation, or  the consequences to their hearing will
 certainly prove fatal in the end. 
TREATISE ON THE EYE ANDJ EAR.         101
  ACUTE  EAR-ACHE.—DEAFNESS FOLLOWING.
  Common Ear-ache, which many persons are subject
to, arises generally from cold and exposure, or sitting
in a draft.  It frequently happens that a pain of rather
a severe form will attack an ear, and  last for several
hours,  and by  the  aid of warm fomentations or hot
applications,  it  will subside and pass, away  entirely,
without being followed either with  deafness, discharge
from the ear, or any other  inconvenience.  But there
is another form  of ear-ache—not so frequent a visitor,
produced usually by the same  causes—which attacljs
the ear  much  more violently,  and for a time seems
almost  intolerable.   This  form of inflammation  is
termed Acute Otitis Interna, or acute  inflammation of
the drum and middle chamber of the ear.  It is a most
distressing form of inflammation, and those  suffering,
from it do  not get relief till  the ear suppurates within,
the matter breaks through the drum and escapes at the
outer ear,  thus  affording great  relief to the  sufferer.
Sometimes  it will take two or three days from  the
commencement,  before the  process of  suppuration is
complete, during which time the patient can neither
eat nor sleep, and nothing seems to be of service till
the drum breaks by the pressure from behind, and the
matter  escapes.   This, of course, is  a  serious termina-
tion of  a most painful disease, and  I would advise any
one having such a condition of the ear, where  there is
a discharge  after  an acute ear-ache,  to give it  the
earliest possible attention, for the reason that the open-
ing in the drum of the ear is usually small at the onset,
but if the putrid discharge is  allowed to  continue, it
will, by its contact with the healthy  membrane, com- 
 102         TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.

 pletely destroy the whole drum, and leave the chamber
 of  the ear exposed to the  influence of cold.  In cases
 where there is  only a  moderate opening in the drum,
 the discharge  should  be  arrested, and by so doing,
 very comfortable hearing  may  be preserved ; but  if
 allowed to continue, not only will the drum of the ear
 be  completely destroyed, but the hearing will  be ren-
 dered useless.  In severe and aggravated cases, a sym-
 pathetic action  will frequently  be  established  in  the
 opposite ear, and the hearing  entirely destroyed, even
 beyond the chance of recovery.
  In the early  stages  of  acute internal Ear-ache,  the
 course of treatment applicable to acute inflammation of
 other organs wrould be perfectly justifiable, which every
 practising physician is or or ought to be  familiar with.
 After the acute stage has passed over, place yourself in
 the hands  of some competent person, who is familiar
 with  such cases,  and  you will save yourself much
trouble.
THE  EAR CORNET, OR SPEAKING-TRUMPET.
  The above cut represents one of the most approved
and useful kinds of Cornets. 
           TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.         103

  Persons wrho are very deaf, and wrho are not able to
hear unless by shouting in the ear  at the  top of the
voice, will frequently be able to hear  common conver-
sation at a distance.  Many persons avail  themselves
of these instruments, and manage to do business  with
them, not being able to obtain relief from their deafness
through other means.
THROAT DISEASE FREQUENTLY THE CAUSE OF
                    DEAFNESS.

  It is a fact not generally known, that many diseases
of the ear, and deafness in various degrees, commences
in the Throat;  hence it is, that some persons find their
hearing quite dull during the  prevalence of a common
cold, which usually attacks these parts, and  when the
cold passes  over,  they  generally  find  the  hearing
restored again.   In the same way, those who are deaf,
or hard of hearing, find the hearing much worse during
one of their catarrhal  attacks; in  fact, at such  times,
their hearing is httle better than useless.
  I do not intend, in this work, nor would it be advi-
sable, to attempt an explanation of those peculiarities
in regard to the hearing.   Suffice it to say, that diseases
of the throat frequently lay the foundation for deafness
the most obstinate and unmanageable; and when par-
tial deafness, or an occasional  dullness  is discovered, or
even  a feeling  of stuffing  is experienced  during the
prevalence of a cold, or of a continued chronic irritation
of the throat and its membranes, it would be in every
way  desirable  that treatment should be resorted  to,
with a view of allaying it, and by so doing, it will be 
104         TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.

the means of cutting off an attack of deafness, which
would otherwise prove troublesome to get rid of.
   The air passage, or tube which conveyes air  to  and
from one of the  chambers of the  ear, opens into the
side of the throat, and as perfect hearing cannot be enjoyed
wiien this passage becomes the  seat  of obstruction, so
that the air is prevented from pjassing in and out  with
freedom, deafness, more or less complete, will be  experi-
enced; and "when  such obstruction  takes place,  the
hearing can never be restored till this condition  of the
tube has been made free.  It is by  the  extension of
inflammation along  the  passage of  the   throat,  that
obstructs and closes this  tube, and  sometimes, in  an
instant, a patient will feel the ear close up,  as he terms
it, and often remains in that way.  This sudden shutting
off of the air to the chamber of the ear, usually arises
from some effort on  the  part  of the  patient, either in
sneezing,  coughing, or using the handkerchief, wThich dis-
lodges a small quantity of mucous or matter, and  find-
ing its way into the  little tube, completely  blocks  up
the passage, pnd this produces the deafness.  This lays
the foundation for permanent deafness, and the  sooner
attention be given to it, the offending matter removed,
and the  passage  made free, the better.   Discoveries
have been made,  of  late  years, which not  only  proves
most clearly that this is the cause of a lorge proportion
of the cases  of  deafness, but means have  also been
furnished, by which these obstructions may be removed
and the hearing restored. 
TREATISE ON  THE EYE AND EAR.
105
Abscess of the Brain and Death  follow-
      ing Discharges from  the Ears.

  Discharges from the Ears, from whatever cause they
may have been produced, are always  to be considered
dangerous in their ultimate effects; and although they
have been known to exist for  thirty  and  forty years
without causing any alarming symptoms, they are nev-
ertheless capable of, and not unfrequently do  terminate
very suddenly, by forming an abscess at the base of the
brain, causing  death in a few hours, or within two or
three clays.   Such cases  have come  within my  own
practice very frequently, but usually too late  to be of
any service.   A lady told me a fewT weeks ago that she
had a little daughter, aged ten years, who had  a  run-
ning from her ears which  resulted  from scarlet fever,
some  five  years before,  and that  she intended to
bring her to me soon  for  treatment.   As  I  was then
treating one of her family for diseased eyes, she omitted
bringing the child until  some more convenient period.
Finally the httle girl was  suddenly seized with giddi-
ness, and pain in her right ear, and this was followed
with a profuse discharge  of blood, and matter of the
most foetid and sickening odor.   The  pain  increased,
and extended  itself over that side  of the head, and in
a few hours she had become quite  insensible, and was
raving with agony.  I was now apprised of  her situa-
tion, and solicited to see her.   I  did so, although I told
the messenger, that from the history of the  case,  I
entertained great fears for the ultimate safety of the
child.   I found her as above stated.  I ordered leeches
to her temples, had her put in a warm bath, mustard- 
106         TREATISE  ON THE EYE AND EAR.

drafts to her extremities, and on the following morning
blood was taken from her arm,—all of which seemed to
be attended with considerable  benefit—and  she was
restored to  consciousness;  which was, however, inter-
rupted at lucid intervals with incoherent talking.   She
said, when spoken to, that the pain, though still severe,
had diminished, and she felt comparatively comfortable.
At a later hour she became restless and excited, tossed
about her bed, talked almost incessantly, and in a wild
and wandering manner, and insisted on leaving her bed
to go about  the room.   From this time  she never ral-
lied,  but grew gradually wTorse, and  soon lost all  con-
sciousness.  Her wandering talk ceased, she grew weak
and drowsy, her tongue was loaded with dark colored
sordes, and  typhoid  symptoms were fully  established.
Her case terminated in death on the following Monday,
being only five  days from the commencement  of these
bad symptoms.
  A post mortem examination revealed in this case, the
formation of a large abscess  at  the  base of the brain,
which was formed by ulcerating through the thin  plate
of bone  which forms the roof of the ear, and which  at
the same time constitutes the floor of the brain.  This
bone is  as thin as a sheet of writing paper, and  very
hard; but by being saturated for years in a bet of mat-
ter, which fills this portion of the organ, and which  is
often prevented from escaping through the natural pas-
sage, it  at last becomes carious or rotten, as  is indicated
by the peculiarly sickening and offensive odor, and soon
makes a wide breach, sufficient to affect the brain.  As
soon as  the bone is perforated, and the  brain  reached,
there will immediately ensue  a train of dangerous
symptoms, similar to those described in  the history  of
this case; and although a patient may linger for some 
           TREATISE ON THE EYE  AND EAR.         107

ten or fifteen days, it will be certain to terminate fatally
at last.   This is no unusual termination of an acute or
chronic  inflammation  of the  internal ear, which is
excited  to a fresh action by cold and common causes,
extending its ravages to the brain—which always  ter-
minates in death.
   I also sawr the case of Mr. B-----, aged twrenty years,
of strong constitution, and wTho  generally enjoyed  the
best of  health, until three years ago, at which time  he
had the  scarlet fever.   After his recovery, he frequently
complained of severe pain in his  right ear, which was
also  quite deaf, and discharged  purulent matter of a
foetid odor.  His  friends consulted the family physician,
who ordered some treatment, of  a  trifling nature,  but
said he  "would outgrow it.  At the end of a month, he
grew rapidly worse, and much deafer—the pain extend-
ing higher up the side of the head than formerly, with
a  quick pulse, and considerable nervous  excitement.
He complained, also, of his eyes being wreak, and not
able to bear the light as usual.   In the course of two
days, with  the symptoms  greatly  aggravated—pulse
very quick, pain  in the head increased, eyes almost
insensible to  hght, with an involutary action of  the
extremities of the afflicted side,  he  sank into a state
of insensibility, and died on the following day, having
been confined to his bed for three days.
   A post mortem  examination of the body was made in
this  case, and  an abscess, of a large size, which com-
municated with the brain, had formed, and extended
over a large surface. 
108
TREATISE ON THE  EYE AND EAR.
DISCHARGE  FROM  THE  EAR  CAN  NEVER  BE
                    OUTGROWN.
   It is a common belief with  many persons that  dis-
charge arising from  cold, sickness, accident, scarlet fever,
or any other cause, will,  if left  to  itself, be outgrown
by the unfortunate sufferer.   Now there  never was
a more vague and unscientific opinion given by any
medical man than this; especially when the disease has
originated in a putrid fever, which has barely spared the
patient's life, and left a most destructive form of chronic
inflammation, and suppuration  going on  in  the middle
chamber of the  ear—rotting and destroying the delicate
membrane and drum, undermining the middle ear, com-
pletely separating the  little bones from their  connection
tvith the auditory nerve, or nerve of hearing, and thereby
laying the  foundation for  complete deafness,  to  say
nothing of the danger to life itself, should the discharge
take an inward  instead of an  outward form; and yet,
how often are parents told that it is of no consequence,
and that no harm can come from it—furthermore, that
the patient will  outgrow it.
   I am  frequently  consulted by  parents  for  then
children having such discharges,  who say  that "the
doctor told them they would outgroiv it"  and that  "it
must not be disturbed."  Let me advise those wiio con-
sole themselves  with this belief, that it is a most fatal
error,  and those having friends or children with  such
discharges,  (especially if they have resulted  from scar-
let fever,) should  consult some more experienced per-
son before  they  zvillingly  submit  themselves or their
friends to the dangerous and fatal influences which are
almost certain eventually to terminate  the case. 
TREATISE  ON THE  EYE  AND EAR.           109
DISCHARGES  FROM  THE  EARS  OF  CHILDREN
                      AND INFANTS
   Nothing is more frequent, and probably no visibe ailment more
likely  to be neglected, than discharges from the Ears of  Children
and Infants.   This arises, in all prodability, from the simple fact
that it is supposed that so long as the patient malces no complaint,
it can  do no harm;  and many persons look upon  these  discharges
as healthy, and even refuse to have anything done for them.  This
is a most dangerous error for parents to entertain, and needs cor-
recting.
   Discharges from the ears of these young subjects are seldom pre-
ceded  by any pain, or other  indication of distress, but when they
exist, they of course  indicate a morbid action going on, and though
unaccompanied by pain, are nevertheless destroying delicate mem-
branes, and laying  the foundation for deafness, which  will surely
follow, at some period  or other.
   These discharges  will frequently come and go at irregular inter-
vals, being governed, as a general thing, by the health of the patent,
and sometimes by the  state of the atmosphere.   If these discharges
should be neglected, or improperly  treated, the consequences must
be fatal to the  hearing.   It is not  so rapid in its action  as that
 ichich follows  Scarlet Fever  and Measles, but if left  to itself, is
equally fatal.
   Let me advise parents, ichose children  are known to  have such
discharges, not to b& deceived, but rest assured that if neglected, it
will not only weaken the  hearing, but by  its frequent attacks, will
■ completely destroy the delicate drum of the ear, from being con-
stantly saturated in a led of foul matter. 
110          TREATISE ON  THE EYE  AND EAR.

  No person, possessed of common understanding, should ever rec-
oncile themselves to the belief that such a condition of the ear is
healthy, or that it can be continued for a  time, and repeated from
trifling causes, ivithout being attended with the most alarming con-
seqaences.  I may here mention that these purulent discharges arc
very weakening to the patient, and, keep them  looking pale and
delicate.   The treatment necessary for their cure is quite mild and
agreeable, and not attended with the least pain.   If the case be not
a severe one, a week or ten days will generally suffice to remove it
altogether; and when done, a general improvement in the appear-
ance of the patient becomes evident.
       MINIATURE  ANATOMICAL  MUSEUM.
   Dr. Cadwell's  Surgery is a  miniature museum, in
which may be seen every  variety of disease  of the
Eye or Ear, as it appears  in nature.  The  walls are
hung with elegant French engravings and  drawings, rep-
resenting disease of the eye in almost every imaginable
shape and form.   Added to these, are to  be seen some
splendid French specimens of diseased human eyes, made
of wax, and mounted up so  as to represent  nature, as
perfect and beautiful  as life  itself.   All  the different
diseases of the eye are here most truthfully represented,
showing their  various stages of progression, from  the
most simple to the more malignant and terrible.    Glass
cases, filled with  wax representations of the  ear, in
wilich may  be seen  all its  complicated  anatomy, are
here  exhibited.    Jars,  niled with morbid  specimens
removed from  the  eye  and ear,  and other parts  of the
head, may be seen standing in all directions, and show-
cases filled  with all sorts of dehcate and beautifully
made instruments  and  machinery, for the more com- 
TREATISE ON THE EYE AND EAR.
Ill
plete  prosecution  of his  professional  business,  are
among the things which go to make up the bulk of the
thousand and one items necessary to carry on  so  com-
plicated and delicate a profession.
THREE HUNDRED DIFFERENT REPRESENTATIONS
                OF DISEASED EYES.
  There  may be seen, at Dr. Cadwell's Surgery, about
three hundred neatly framed, highly colored, and beau-
tifully executed engravings, drawn from nature, under
the supervision of the celebrated Pierre Devmois, Oculist
and Operator to the King of France.
  These  plates give a most accurate description of the
eye, in every form, variety, stage, and condition, prov-
ing most clearly that no organ of the body  is  subject
to a greater variety of distinct and separate- diseases,
than this delicate and useful organ;  and yet, probably
no organ in  the system is more abused and trifledi with.
or subject to more quackery and maltreatments
     ARTIFICIAL  ANATOMICAL  SPECIMENS.

  Added to these, are two beautiful Anatomical speci-
mens,  which were  brought  from Paris, showing the  4
entire internal and  external  arrangement of both the
Eye and Ear.   They are made of papier-mache, largely
magnified,  and  may be separated  into  many pieces.
The whole internal  and  external anatomy of these two
organs is there, most beautifully and  correctly exhibited.
They may be  seen  at any time  by those curious to
examine them, and  the medical profession generally are 
112         TREATISE  ON THE EYE AND EAR.

respectfidly invited to call and examine  them  at  their
convenience—they being, as I believe, the  only speci-
iments of the kind in the West.   Every muscle, nerve
and artery that belongs to these organs, will be correctly
shown, on these two specimens, magnified about twenty-
five dimensions. 
SPECIAL   NOTICE.
  I embrace the present opportunity  of informing the
public, that owing to the liberal support  which I have
received since my residence in this city, (now a little
more than one year.) I have closed my professional bus-
iness in Canada, and intend remaining permanently in
Chicago, in the practice of my profession as an Oculist
and Aurist.  During my residence-here, I have received
and treated several  hundred sufferers, whose afflictions
have been principally confined to the Eye and Ear, and
I think I may safely say that almost  as  many as have
been received have found permanent relief at my hands.
  Devoting myself,  as I have for the last Twenty Years,
almost exclusively to  the treatment of Diseases of the
Eye and Ear, as a specialty, with  a thorough medical
education to-guide and instruct me in my practice, I think
it will be readily admitted, that with such advantages,
those who suffer with diseases of these dehcate  organs
would  be much more hkely to obtain relief from me than
from the regular practitioner,  who only sees such cases
occasionally, or from those professors  of Ocular science
who are limited in practice, unskilled in the use of instru-
ments,  and without the aid of a legal  medical education.
  After a careful perusal of this Treatise, I  will leave
the reader to determine for himself, and advise for  his
friend, what course  he should  pursue, which involves
the safety and  protection of  organs so essential to  our
present and future happiness, as Sight and Hearing.
  This Treatise will be sent by mail free to  any person
writing and enclosing ten cents in stamps, to pay post-
age on the same.         F. A. CADWELL, M. D. 
MEMORANDUM   NOTICE.
  To prevent misunderstanding, and for  the better
information of those who may wish to make applica-
tion to

  DR.  F. A. CADWELL,

        OCULIST  AND AURIST.

                     OF CHICAGO, ILL.

The following are the only conditions and terms upon
which, patients will be received for treatment:

First.—No charge will be made to any person wishing
      an examination and an opinion respecting  the
      Sight or Hearing.

Second.—Patients whose cases are considered incurable
      will be so informed on their  first  visit, and no
      fee will be required of them.

Third.—Doubtful cases will be received  conditionally,
      and treated  for  a few days as trial cases, and
      charged accordingly. 
                 MEMORANDUM NOTICE.             115

Fourth.—Charity patients will  be attended gratis, at
       the unoccupied moments of the operator, upon
       their depositing  Five Dollars with the  Apothe-
       cary, to pay for their medicine.

Fifth.—AW other  patients received  under treatment
       will be charged a fee, which will be agreed upon
       before operations are commenced.

Sixth.—Where  a  patient  does not  attend regularly,
       the operator will  not hold himself answerable
       if a cure be not performed.

Seventh.—No  cures guaranteed under  any circumstances
       unless given in writing, and the full  charge paid
       in advance.

Eighth.—Patients  leaving  treatment without giving
       notice, and  who  are rendered worse  in conse-
       quence, will be  received only as new patients,
       and on the  same terms.

Xinth.—Patients  on  leaving,  usually  require  both
       treatment and instructions, to  strengthen  and
       preserve the weakened  organs, and to prevent
       a return of the disease.   This  will always be
       furnished them  on  the  payment  of their fees,
       which will entitle them  to a  renewal of treat-
       ment,  (should it  become  necessary,) at  any
       period within a  year, without additional charge.

 Tenth.__All difficult and dangerous operations, involving
       much  responsibility, will  be duly considered
       beforehand, and  when approved  will always be
       performed in  the  presence of, and with the con-
       currence of, other competent medical gentlemen. 
                LETTER
From His Lordship, BISHOP DE CHARBONELL, Roman
            Catholic Bishop at Toronto.
                      Toronto, 25th April, 1854.
Dear Doctor:

     I thank you for the learned copy you sent me of
your work, and for its reference to  me.  Yet, indeed,
I am indebted to your most experienced  eyes for the
preservation  of  mine.   Had  I not preferred  your
prophetic decision to the other one given me,—with the
best  intentions no  doubt—I would have lost my two
stars, which, thank  God and you, are  still shining, in
spite of their having been condemned to a double  dark
Cataract.
  Please to  accept my best thanks and  wishes, and
believe me,

              Dear Doctor,

        Your most devoted servant,

            f Reverend F. M. DE CHARBONELL.
To Dr F. A. Cadwell. 
REFERENCES.
CANADA

  TORONTO:
The Right Rev. FRANCOIS MARIE
   DE CHARBONELL, D. D. Rom.
   Catholic Bishop at Toronto.
The Very Rev. JOHN CARROLL,
   Vicar General.
Hon. J. G. SPRAGGE, Vice Chan-
   cellor.
Hon. MALCOLM CAMERON,  Post
   Master General.
GEO. DUGGAN, Esq. City Recorder.
J.  BEVERLEY ROBINSON, Esq.,
   Ex-Mayor.
JOHN  DUGGAN, Esq.
WM. CAWTHRA, Esq.
JOHN  CAWTHRA, Esq.
Dr. HUNTER.
Hon. JUDGE GALE.
Hon. DENNIS B. VIGER, M. P. P.
Rev. F. X. MARCOUX.
Rev. ANDREW T. LEGARD.
W. H. WILSON, Esq.
D. B. PAPINEAU, Esq., M. P. P.
Dr. OGDEN.
Dr. SEWELL.
Dr. EDDY.
Dr. ROWELL.
GEORGE L. ALLEN, Esq
ALEX. LEITH, Esq.
R. P. CROOKS, Esq.
CASSIMER S. GZOWSKI, Esq.
KICHARD L. DENISON, Esq.
J. V. BATTERSBY,  Lieut.  Royal
    Navy.
CHARLES MAGRATH, Esq.
ANDREW DRUMMOND, Esq.
MATTHEW SWEETNAM,  Esq.,
    Assistant Post Master.
W. H. FELTON, Esq., M. P. P.
E. PARENT, Esq., Assistant Pro-
   vincial Secretary.
SAMUEL PARKER BIDDER, Esq.,
   Engineer Grand Trunk R. R.
Captain PAGE, Royal Engineer De-
   partment.
montrkal: 
118
REFERENCES.
                          QUEBEC:
 J. MORIN, Esq., President Quebec   WM. MARSDEN, Esq., M. D.
    Medical Board.                J. Z. NAULT, Esq., M. D.
 JOSEPH CAUCHON, Esq.,M. P. P.   JAMES SEWELL, Esq.,  M. D.

                         KINGSTON:
 JOHN COUNTER, Esq., Mayor.      ROBERT STEWART, Esq., M. D.
 Judge KENNETH MACKENZIE,     J. MORTON. Esq.
 WM. HAYWARD, Esq., M. D.       CAMERON  & LIVINGSTON.
 E. J. BARKER, Esq., M. D.
                        BELLEVILE:
 WILLIAM HOPE, Esq., M. D.       J. H. MEACHAM. P. M.
 JAMES LISTER, Esq., M. D.       E. W. HALTON,  Esq.
 S. S.  FINDEN.  Esq., Collector  of   WELLINGTON MURNEY, Esq.
    Customs.
                      SHERBROOKE:
 THOMAS C. ALCORN, M. D,       T. D. WORTHINGTON, Esq., M. D.

                      BROCKVILLE:
 THOMAS F. McQUEEN, Esq., M. D.  EDWARD C. MALLOCH, Esq.
 THOMAS REYNOLDS, Esq., M. D.  C. VANARNAM,  Esq.
 Dr. GARVEY.
                        HAMILTON:
 Very Rev. E. GORDON, Vicar Gen.  Dr. DUGGAN.
 A. P. McDONALD, Esq.            Dr. HUNTER.
 ALEX. CARPENTER, Esq.         A. DRYSDALE, Esq.

                         LONDON:
 Right  Rev.  Dr. PINSONEAULT,  HENRY  C. R. BEECHER, Esq.
    Rom. Cath.  Bishop of London.  D. FARRAR, Esq., M. D.
 Hon. GEO. JARVIS GOODHUE.     JAMES DANIELS, Esq.

                    ST. CATHERINES:
 T. MACK, Esq., M. D.             J.  L.  RANEY, Esq.
 LUTHER CROSS, Esq., M. D.      ROBERT FOSTER, Esq., H. B.
Captain BOYD. 
REFERENCES.                    119
BRANTFORD:
JAMES BOWIE, Esq., M. D.
JIRA  SKINNER, Esq., M. D.
J. SMITH, Esq., M. P.
HENRY  BABCOCK, Esq.
ANDREW COOK, Esq.
                        stanstkad:
F.  M. COLBY, Esq., M. D.          J. LEE TIRRELL, Esq., M. P. P.
C.  W. COWLES, Esq., M. D.
                     THREE  RIVERS:
Right Rev. Dr. COOK, Rom Catholic  Sister ST. MARIE, Superior of Ur-
    Bishop of Three Rivers.             suline Convent.
Rev. T. H. DOSTIE.
THOS. D. McCONKEY, Esq. Barrie.
J. P. VANSITTART. Esq. Woodst'k.
JAMES MAGRATH,Esq. Pt.Credit.
JOHN FRAZER, Esq., M. D. M. P.
    P., Pelham.
D  DDEVERADO, Esq., Pelham.
JNO. McLEOD, Esq. Amherstburgh.
PARK & BROTHERS,    do
Judge DAVID  JOHN  HUGHES,
    St. Thomas.
THOMAS MACKLEM, Esq., M. D.
    Chippewa.
NEW  YORK.
VALENTINE MOTT, Esq., M  D.,
    Prof, of Surgery in the N. Y.
    University.
ABNER  MELLEN, Esq., New York
    City.
ABR'M LEONARD, Rouse's  Point,
                         BUFFALO :
J. C. DANN. Esq.                 THOS. COCHRANE, Esq.
ELI COOK, Esq., Mayor.           R. P. DESPARD, Esq.
RICHARD WILLIAMS. Esq.       EDWARD RICORDS., Esq., Claren-
THOS.  STEPHENSON, Esq.           don Hotel.

                     OODENSBUROII :
HARVEY CHURCH, Esq.
JOHN A. HADDOCK, Esq.
CHARLES D. CHRICHTON, Esq.
E. W. BENEDICT, Esq.
C P. CLARK, Esq.
CHARLES HILL, Esq,
GEORGE  CHRICHTON, Esq. 
120
REFERENCES.
MASSACHUSETTS.
NEW  BEDFORD:
Capt. JOSEPH C.  DELANO.
Capt. THOMAS NYE.
RODNEY FRENCH, (Mayor.)
Capt THOMAS HOWLAND.
Capt, JOSEPfl FULLER,
Capt. STUDLEY.
CHARLES SLOCUM.
EI5ENEZER S. KEEN.
NATHANIEL  H. NYE.
HOLDEN HOWLAND.

Capt.  BENJAMTN  B.  CHURCH.
    Cuttle Hunk Island.
NATHANIEL  MAYHEW,  Martha's
    Vinyard.
CHAS. BROWNELL, Little Comp-
    ton.
Capt. FRED. WINSLOW.
Capt. CHARLES WOOD
JOHN J. TILLINGHAST.
HIRAM WHEATON.
THOMAS KNOWLES.
ZENUS  CHADWICK.
CHARLES  DUNBAR.
Dr. JOHN MACKAY.
Dr. SISSEN.
WM. P.  S. CADWELL.

CHRISTOPHER BROWNELL, Lit-
   tle Compton.
Capt. STEPHEN SWIFT, Wareham.
BENJ. W. TERRY.    Fair Haven.
PHILEMON FULLER.    do
Capt. ANSEL TRIPP,     do
RHODE  ISLAND.
PROVIDENCE
Dr, NATHANIEL MILLER.
Dr. J. BECKW1TH.
Dr. AMOS*PALMER.
Dr. HOPPIN.
THOS. NIXON.
ISAAC SOUTHW1CK
EDWARD WALCOTT.
MATTHEW SWEET.
CHARLES W. CADY
E. H. PECKHAM.
JOHN 0. DARLING.
GEO. B. JASTRAM.
GEO. BR1TTON.
GIDEON SMITH,    .  Pawtucket.
EDWARD L. WILKINSON,  do
ALBERT R. COOK,      Warren.
JOHN  P. BABCOCK,  River Point.
GEO. DOTY,	Bristol
EMOR COE.	Woonsocket
ELIAS BALCOM,	do
Capt. E. A. SWIFT,	Warren
 
REFERENCES.
121
ILLINOIS.
CHICAGO
 Hon. STEPHEN A.  DOUGLAS.
 Judge ROBERT S. WTLSON.
 Hon. JOHN  WENTWORTH.  laie
     Mayor of Chicago.
 GA'GE.  BROTHERS  fc  DRAKE,
     Tremoni House.
 Co]. .!.  A.  MARSHALL.
 GEO. W. WILLIAMS.
 WM. N BRAINARD.
 JUDGE PEASLIE.
 ZEN US COBB.
 S. P. ROUNDS.   \«   ,  T   .
 EDWARD  BLISS. f SundaJ Leader.
 J. J. WRIGHT.
 L. H. CLARK, Engineer I. C. R. It.
 R. R. CLARK.
 R. M. HOUGH
 GEO. E. CONRAD.
 OTHO KLEMM.
 WM. A. BUTTERS.
 THOS. DOUGALL.
 JONES PATRICK.
 JOS1AH CUTLER.
 Hon. W. B. EG AN, M. D.
 ROBERT STUART.
 Dr. FREDERICK  THAYER
 BLSSELL & GOODRICH, Matteson
    House.
 Dr. E. HONSINGER.
J.  F. BARNARD.
JOHN T.  GOLDSMITH
Dr. CHAS.  W. DYER.     [House.
CORNELIUS  JOHNSON, Brighton
HENRY M. SMITH,  Local Editor
    Press and Tribune.
  Hon. ISAAC COOK, I'ost Master
  JOHN  W. MAGILL
  F. B. GARDNER.
  Mrs. BULIA A. McGRATH.
  WM. M. HOYT.
  JOSE I'M E. MOSS.
  W. W. MITCHELL.
  ('apt.  [']. D.  OSBAND.
  J. D. WEBER.
  GARRY BATES, Cottage Hill.
  JOHN  HOG AN.
  WM. BROWN.
  JOHN  G. FISHER.
  Capt .C. P. BRADLEY.
  EDWIN L. BRAND.
  S. D. COMSTOCK.
  ROBERT EDSON.
  Capt. C. WHITING.
  G. C. BRADFORD.
•  R. J. REE KEN & CO.
  PAUL  KELLY.
  JOHN L. WALSH.
  SAMUEL SHERMAN.
  P. W. GATES.
  WM. SMITH.           ^
  GEO. D. WOODWORTH.
  Dr. JOHN HOUSE.
  JOHN A. JEMISON.
  JOHN  SOLLITT.
  T. BASSETT.
  H. K. SMITH.
  ALONZO J:  SAWYER,  Professor of
     Math, in Chicago University.
  Col. JOHN S. KERR.
  G. T. BEEBE.
'* 
122
REFERENCES.
                   ILLINOIS
Dr. WM. ENGLISH,........ Warsaw.
SAMUEL MERRITT......Rockford,
JORDAN STUART,..............Peru.
WM. HAWLEY............Barrington.
LUCIUS BOTTSFORD____Lisbon.
GARNER OLIVER............Onarga.
ISAAC CECIL,....................Peru.
Mrs. TITUS,................... Tonica.
D. D. MERCHANT,.....Farmington.
L. C. KING,.................Princeton.
NORTON KELSEY,............Galva.
FRANK BARBER,...........Harlem.
C. B. WOODRUFF,........Janesville.
MILES ALLEN,...............Danby.
JASPER HAVEN,............Seneca.
JOSEPH E. NORTON, Libertyville.
—Continued.
 JOHN  DALE,........Kankakee City.
 Mrs. A. B. NICHOLS,  do    do
 Mrs. FRANK JONES,   do    do
 GEO. C. STANLEY...........Victoria.
 JAMES SMITH,........ Washington.
 JOHN  WILLEY,................Flagg.
 GEO. COURTRIGHT,...Middleport.
 G. B. LARISON..........Bloomington.
 W. R. McCRACKEN,      do
 Dr. C. R.PARK,........     do
 DAVID CRANDALL,........Urbana.
 CHAS.  CRANDALL,..........  do
 JNO. STUART, Blackberry Station.
 WM. BAXENDALE,......Hennepin.
JOHN B. FOX,...........Blue Island.
WM.  A. BOARDMAN,...Waukegan.
MICHIGAN.
JULIUS D. MORTON....... Detroit.
Hon. IRA MAYHEW,.........Albion.
C. B. BLAIR,-........Michigan City.
SAMUEL H. STEVENS, Muskegon.
Dr. A. J. PARK,...............Detroit.
Col. DIDBLE, Biddle House,  do
EDWAI'^D DELANY, .........  do
GEO. W. DRYER............Marengo.
FRANK SPAFFORD, Manchester.
EDWARD ORR............... Detroit.
GEO. W. IIOFF,............Ypsilanti.
JOHN EMERY OWEN,......Detroit.
Judge BACON..................Monroe.
JOSEPH STERLING.......Monroe.
ELIZIER CARVER,.....'..........Lee.
Dr. J. A. SECORD...............Clide.
WARREN DUNNING,..... Ponliac.
ALLEN T. HARRIS,.......Dearborn.
Capt.  JAS.  S. ABEEL, Ordinance
    Department,...........Dearborn.
ROBT. BLACKWOOD....Northville.
LEVI BABBITT... .... Grass Lake.
Mrs. KATE  A. ALDRICH,  Parma,
GILES HUBBARD,.... Mt, demons.
WM. GRACE,.................St. Clair.
A. M. KIM.MIS.........New Hudson.
THOS. E. DOUGHTY,........Detroit.
GARRY  GOODRICH.........Lapeer.
Dr. II. R. BABCOCK, New demons.
J. C. LARIMORE................Niles.
DWIGHT INGRAHAM,.....Sturges.
WM. ALLMAN................   do
S. L. BAILEY,........Grand Rapids.
WM. II.  RUMSEY.............Albion.
CHAS. FARGO, (Am. Exp.) Detroit. 
REFERENCES.
123
                       WISCONSIN.
HAZAEL NEWCOMB, Two Rivers.   JOHN McGILTON....... Eau Claire'
                                Mrs. 11. A. BOLSTER,...... Eureka.
                                JOHN BUCKSTAFF,........Oshkosh.
                                JAS.  H. FOSTER............  do
                                Dr. MARCUS SWAIN......  do
                                J. H.  HERREN............Shullshurg.
                                R. D.  JENNINGS,........Milwaukee.
JOHN MATHER,........ East Troy.
PERRY P. SMITH,... Manitouwoc.
JUDGE SAMUEL HALE, Kenosha.
II. B. HINSDALE............
MARSH'L A. NORTHROP, Beloit.
S. N. BASYE...................Racine.
Gen. ASIIER N. CORSS,  Madison.
                    MISCELLANEOUS.
FELIX DUFFINS,  Rail Road Con-   FERNANDO  J.  MORANO, U.  S.
    tractor...........Winona, Minn.       Marshall,.........  Key West, Fa.
JOHN T. HALL....... Clinton, Ind.   CHANDLER McWAYNE, Michigan
ISRAEL FISHER,  Jones Co. Iowa.       Bluffs, California.
HENRY FOOT, Leavenworth City,   Mrs. Dr.  BARTON  STREETER,
    Kansas.                          Brownsville, Minn.
K. W. KERR,...........La Porte, Ind.   J. F. MADISON,  Davenport, Iowa.
Mr. CURRIER......Valparaiso, Ind.   HENRY  SUMMERS, New Orleans. 
  A NEWLY INVENTED APPARATUS

For applying MEDICATED VAPOR to the  INTERNAL
    EAR, in certain forms of Deafness, accompanied
       with more or less noise, and no discharge.
                   EXPLANATION.

A—An upright bellows, which, when in use, is filled with atmospheric air.

B—A small flexible tube, which conveys the  air from the bellows to a
    glass retort.

C—A spirit lamp

D—A thermometer, to regulate the heat required to vaporise the medicines.

E—Elastic tube, with silver catheter .attached, conveying the medicated
    air to the middle chamber of the ear, which is generally the seat of
    the disease. 
       RECENT VALUABLE  DISCOVERY
                        —IX—

AURAL   SCIENCE:

             AN IMPROVED METHOD
Of treating: those forms of Deafness which generally ARISE
  FROU1 COED, progress slowly, and are accompanied with
     more or less Noise in the Ears,  or Head, but with-
                out Purulent discharge.
 1  Through the agency of a celebrated foreign  physi-
cian, I have been put in possession of some very valu-
able information of a recent  discovery, which has been
found of infinite service in the treatment  and cure of
that class of deafness  referred to above.   It has been
tested abroad in a great many cases, and its effects in
removing the  mysterious agent which has  hitherto
defied our utmost skill and ingenuity, and firmly resisted
all our efforts, are spoken of in the most glowing  terms.
   The apparatus by which the  treatment  is adminis-
tered to the  patient for the restoration of hearing, is
represented in the preceding engraving.  It is perfectly
simple in  its construction, and altogether  harmless in
its application.  The body of the instrument is  a bel-
lows of a peculiar construction,  having a  treadle, or
foot-piece, by which a constant blast can  be kept up,
as long as may be required for each sitting.  From the
center of this receiver is  an  elastic tube,  which leads 
126     VALUABLE DISCOVERT IN AURAL SCIENCE.

to a glass retort, in which are placed the different med-
icines required for use, and this is  provided, also, with
a thermometer, which enables the operator to  regulate
the degree of heat necessary to vaporize the  articles
used, and a small spirit lamp is placed below  for that
purpose.  From the  retort, also, leads another elastic
tube, which is conveyed to the patient, who being suit-
ably prepared with a head  bandage  which secures a
small silver  catheter, previously introduced  into the
Eustachian tube, is now ready to receive the treatment.
There is  not the least  pain or unpleasantness in the
whole operation, but on the other hand, its effects are
both  soothing and agreeable;  and  in most cases, the
patient  finds prompt and speedy relief.
   We can readily understand that in these days of sci-
entific discovery, when so much has been done  by the
specialist, in  removing and completely curing pulmonary
diseases, Catarrh, Bronchitis, and  all  that  class of dis-
eases which  affect the mucous membranes, about the
throat and lungs, that deafness, which generally has
its origin in cold, caused by exposure in various ways,
may also be treated with equal if not a greater degree
of success; for  in deafness  there  is generally but a
small surface to  act upon, and  when this  morbid con-
dition once takes place, though it is  too insignificant to
cause pain, or any physical suffering, it manifests itself
in such  a  manner that it is not very  readily forgotten.
   This  form  of deafness is nothing more  or less  than
an inflammation of the mucous  membrane  of the ear,
and air  passages leading from that organ to the throat.
When they become  diseased, as by cold, they swell,
and by  that swelling close, and thus shut off the circu-
lation of  air from the chamber of  the  ear;  without
which, hearing must be more or less imperfect.  De- 
        VALUABLE DISCOVERY IN AURAL SCIENCE.    127

prive the auditory nerve of its  proper  stimulus, and it
soon becomes enfeebled, and undergoes a steady depre-
ciation as long as the disease continues, and  ceases  at
last  to  be of any use, rendering deafness  complete.
In this newly discovered method of treatment, nothing
more is  desired  than to reduce the diseased membranes
again to a normal condition,  by which the air passages
may be set free,  the different avenues opened  for free
circulation, giving the auditory nerve its proper degree
of healthy stimulation, and by so doing, the natural
secretions of  the  ear are again restored, the tympanum
soon  recovers  its lost  sensibility, the auditory  nerve
revives in action, and sounds  are again received into
the auditory chamber with- a degree  of acuteness that
leads the patient  to believe (by the great transition,)
that his  hearing is even more acute than ever. 
ARTIFICIAL  EYES.
A  GREAT REDUCTION  IN  PRICES.
  Dr.  Cadwell, "having  recently  completed arrange-
ments  with a  Paris House for the  supply of these
beautiful specimens  of art, will be able in future to
furnish and insert them at a very considerable reduction
from the usual prices.
  Those who have had the misfortune  to lose an  eye
can now  have the place supplied by the insertion of an
artificial  one, which will be so complete an imitation to
the sound  organ as to  defy  detection.   Nothing in
Nature can be more perfect.  They are inserted and worn
zvithout the least pain or uneasiness, and partake of all the
natural motions of the sound organ, to which they bear
an exact resemblance.
  Parties wishing  an Artificial Eye, can  have  one
inserted that will in  every  particular  atford the most
perfect satisfaction, and at prices that  will be entirely
within the reach of every body.  All eyes supplied by
Dr. C. are warranted to  be the  best  French imported.
  For particulars on Artificial Eye, the reader can refer
to the article under  that heading, on  page  64 of  this
Treatise. 
MEDICAL  DIPLOMAS.
      UNITED  STATES MEDICAL DIPLOMAS.
                    {translation.]

To ALL  WHO SHALL SEE THESE PRESENTS--Health:

   Whereas, Academic Degrees have been instituted to
this end, that  men  endued with  talent and learning
should be rendered illustrious above others by titles, in
order that they themselves might be benefitted thereby,
as well as that the industry of others should be stimu-
lated, and the study of virtue and good learning {Belles
Let Ires)  should be promoted among men; and whereas,
these most ample rights conferred upon our College by
Public Charter have this end particularly in view; there-
fore be it known that Ave the  President  and Professors
•of Jefferson College, in the State of Pennsylvania, have
-created,  and constituted  F. A. CAD WELL,  Doctor of
Medicine: an upright man, and most endeared to us on
account  of his courteous manners, and all those  quali-
ties which grace ever the best man; who also by his
great skill,  both  in  the  Medical and  Surgical Art,
acquired by him in our College, and made  more  mani-
fest to us by an examination publicly held, has shown
himself  worthy the hiohest Academic honors; and to
                        9 
130
DIPLOMAS.
him, the  aforesaid  F. A. CAD WELL, we  have most
wilingly and unreservedly granted and ratified all the
rights, honors and privileges pertaining to the Degree
of  Doctor  of Medicine, both among ourselves  and
everywhere.
  In faith of which let  this Parchment, subscribed to
by  us, and attested  by the Seal of  our College, be
evidence.

Given in  the Medical Hall, in the  City of Philadelphia,
    this  eleventh clay of the month of March, in the
    year of  Human Redemption, 1837,  and in the
    61st year of the Independence of the Federated
    States of America.
  Signed:
ASHBELL GREEN, D. D.,  L. L. D., President.
GRANVILLE S. PATTISON, M. D., Prof. Anatomy.
GEO. McCLELLAN, M. D., Prof, of  Surgery.
J. REVERE, M. D., Prof of  Practice of Medicine.
JACOB GREEN, M. D., Prof, of Chemistry.
S. CALHOUN, M.  D., Prof of Materia Medica,
SAMUEL McCLELLAN, M. D., Prof, of Midwifery.
ROBLEY  DUNGLINSON, M. D.,  Professor of the
    Institutes Medicines and Medical Jurisprudence.
          PROVINCIAL DIPLOMA.
[L. 8.]
               Province of Canada.

  His Excellency Lieutenant General the Right Hon-
orable Charles Murray, Earl of Cathcart, of Cathcart,
in the County of Renfrew, K. C. B., Governor General 
DIPLOMAS.
131
of British North America,  and Captain General and
Governor-in-Chief in and over the Province of Canada,
Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and the Island of Prince
Edward, Vice Admirable of the same, and Commander of
Her Majesty's Forces in British North America, &c, &c.

To all to whom these Presents shall come, or to tvhom
     the same may concern—Greeting:
   Whereas, Frederick  A. Cadwell, of the  Parish  of
Quebec, in the District of Quebec, in that part  of the
Province  of Canada which heretofore  constituted the
Province  of Lower  Canada,  in  pursuance  of our act
or ordinance passed on the thirteenth day of April  in
the twenty-eighth year of His late Majesty King George
the Third, entitled "An Act  or  Ordinance to prevent
persons  practising  Physic  and Surgery within the
Province  of  Quebec, or  Midwifery in the  Towns  of
Quebec and Montreal without license," hath been exam-
ined and  found  qualified  to  practise Physic, Surgery
and Midwifery in the aforesaid part of  the province  of
Canada, as more fully appears by the Copy of the Cer-
tificate hereunto subjoined among other testimonials,
permission is hereby granted  to  him for  that purpose
as the law directs.

Given under my Hand and Seal at Arms, at  Montreal,
     in the said Province,  this Sixth day of November,
     in the year of  our  Lord  One Thousand Eight
     Hundred and Forty-Six, and in the tenth year  of
     her  Majesty's Reign.
            (Signed,)               CATHCART.

By Command.
     D. Daly, Secretary. 
132                diplomas.
           QUEBEC MEDICAL BOARD.

  We, the undersigned,  Medical. Examiners, for the
District of Quebec, have  examined Frederick A. Cad-
well Esq., M. D., and find him duly qualified to prac-
tise Physic, Surgery and Midwifery, according to law,
in the Province of Canada,

           (Signed,)
Queuec, Hotel Dilt,
    od November, 1846.

(A true Copy.)

    I). Daly, Secretary-.
J. MORIN, Chairman.
ED. ROUSSEAU,
JAS. A. SEW^ELL. M. 11.
J. Z. NAULT.
FRS. FORTIER,
.IAS. PAINCHAUD,
J. B. BLAIS,
J. BLANCHES 
CERTIFICATES.
        Sight Restored to  the  Lady Superior of the  Ursuline
                    Convent, Three Rivers, C. E.
          I, the subscriber, of  the Ursuline Convent, of Three
        Rivers, certify, that having been afflicted with Cataract
        of the Eyes, which deprived me of sight, I addressed
        myself to Dr. F. A. Cadwell, Oculist, to make an ope-
        ration for their removal.   The operation having been
k.       made  with ability and  success, promises me  a  happy
        result.   My sight is better from day to day ever since.
            Signed,
                        SISTER ST. MARIE,  Superior.
          Dated at Three Rivers,
             June 26, 1848.
  Young Lady Cured of Diseased Eyes from Infancy.
  I am most happy in subscribing my name among the
friends of Dr. Cadwell, to whom I acknowledge a grate-
ful remembrance for the unwearied exertion of his pro-
fessional duties on one  of my family.  My youngest
daughter has been afflicted, almost since her infancy.
with a  severe affection of  her  eyes,  arising  from
whooping cough.   It had of late years begun to assume
rather a serious aspect, when  we applied to Dr. Cad- 
134
CERTIFICATES.
well, under whose treatment all traces of what I feared
was  a hopeless  case, disappeared,  which  has  since
become manifest to all who know her, and particularly
to the comfort and  happiness of  herself.   It is now
more than four years since the cure  was effected, still
her eyes  continue free from all disease and weakness
whatsoever.
                     MRS. MARION WATSON.
  Toronto, March, 1851.
 Interesting Certificate from a Gentleman who had been
     Blind for two years, and had Diseased  Eyes for
             Seven Years.  Sight restored.
                     Toronto, December  9th, 1850.
 Dr. Cadwell:
     My Dear Sir:  Having placed myself under your
 care in February, 1850, for a disease of  my  Eyes, of
 more than seven years' standing, which had, for  more
'than half of the time for two years previous, entirely
< deprived me of sight, (requiring me to have a conductor)
I feel much pleasure on the present occasion, in being
.able to add my testimony to your well known skill as
;an  Oculist, in having, in less than four months, restored
 me to  comfortable sight, which has since continued to
 improve in strength, enabling me to attend to ordinary
 business, etc.   I must further add, that until I had the
 good fortune to be recommended to your care, I aban-
 doned every hope of again seeing, as I had for many
 years previously  employed the combined  skill of the
 county in which I reside, to no purpose.
  With many thanks for your kind attention, I remain,
 Dear Sir, your ever grateful and very  obedient servant,
                           W. R, NICHOL,
                       Of Perry, Wyoming County, N. Y. 
CERTIFICATES.
135
Child of Nine Years of Age, nearly Blind for Two Years,
               Cured in Seven Weeks.

  I, Elias Long, of the Township of Dumfries, hereby
certify that my daughter, aged nine years, having had
an inflammation in her Eyes for more than two years,
being almost blind, and not being able to  get relief
from  the medical  gentlemen in my neighborhood, I
brought her to Dr. F. A. Cadwell, of Toronto, in Decem-
ber last,  and am now happy to state that her sight is
quite restored, and her eyes are in a healthy condition.
                                  ELIAS LONG.
      Witness:
George W. Houghton,
      Attorney at Law, etc.
   Toronto, March 4th, 1851.
   Blindness from Scarlet Fever. Complete Recovery.
  I, John R. Jaynes, of Darlington, on Lake Ontario,
cloth manufacturer, hereby  certify  that my son, aged
four years, having had scarlet  fever in June  last, the
disease being broken, it fell into his eyes, causing him
to be entirely blind, and after being for two  months  in
such condition, I placed him under Dr. Cadwell's treat-
ment at Toronto, and in about four weeks he recovered
completely the  sight of his right eye, which still re-
mains healthy.  The left  eye was so altered by the
severe inflammation as to render it impossible to restore
the sight without surgical aid, and owing to the tender
a«-e of the child, Dr. Cadwell thought it advisable not 
136
CERTIFICATES.
to make  an operation for the present.  Having seen
many severe, and I may add equally desperate cases
under Dr. CadwelFs care during his attendance on my
child, treated wTith success, I have the greatest confi-
dence in  his ability and skill as an Oculist and Aurist
and do most cordially recommend the afflicted in those
organs to his care and attention.

                        JOHN R.  JAYNES,
                           Manufacturer, Darlington.
   Toronto, Feb.  24th, 1851.
Severe Disease of the Ears, of Twenty Years' Standing.

  This is to certify that I have  been severely afflicted
with disease in my Eyes for  upwards of twenty years,
and that although I  have  employed scientific medical
men from all sections of the country, and at very great
expense, I have never received anything  more than
temporary relief for  a few days together.   This may
further certify that I placed  myself under the  care of
Dr. F. A. Cadwell, Oculist and Aurist, at Hamilton, on
the 20th January, 1850, and was  completely and  per-
fectly cured in six weeks, and have remained so ever
since.
                        ABRAM BRADLEY,
                                      Brantford.
  Hamilton, May 27th, 1853. 
CERTIFICATES.
137
      Artificial Eye Inserted, and Deafness Cured.

  I hereby certify that I have been deaf for more than
two years past, which was supposed to proceed from
cold;  that I had noise and other unpleasant and annoy-
ing symptoms accompanying it during the whole period
of time.   I  applied to  Dr. F. A.  Cadwell, at Toronto,
in July last, and had  my  hearing  perfectly restored,
and all other symptoms removed  in a  few da}rs—and
have continued to enjoy perfect hearing since that time.
  I will further state that I am  wearing an artificial
eye which was inserted by the same gentleman  several
months ago;  that it affords  me  great  relief, and has
had the effect to strengthen my sound  eye, which  pre-
viously suffered  much from  sympathizing  with  the
injured one.  It gives me no pain  whatever.   It follows
the exact movements of my sound eye—to which  it
bears a close resemblance.
                            JOSHUA DAVIS,
                         East Gwillimbury, Lot \, od Con.
      Witness:
G. W. Houghton,
      Attorney at Law, Solicitor in Chancery.
  Toronto, March,  1851.
       Deafness of Sixty Years' Standing Cured.

                   Hamilton, 1st November, 1847.
  This is to certify, that I have been deaf for sixty-
years, in both of my ears.   I  came  under the treat- 
138                CERTIFICATES.

ment of Dr. F. A. Cadwell, at Hamilton, about a year
since, when I  was, to my  great  satisfaction, almost
totally relieved.

   Signed by me this 3d day of March, 1851.

                          MRS.  PETER  HESS.

   Joel Carpenter, Witness.
             Deafness from Sea Bathing.

  This is to certify, that I went to Newport the early
part of the summer of 1848, to recruit my health  by
sea bathing, from which I  became  deaf, so  often being
in the water; and suffered from it at times so much
as almost to require me to give up my business;  but
fortunately  last winter was  so completely relieved,
under the care of Dr. Cadwell, at  Hamilton, as to feel
almost no inconvenience from it.  Mine, perhaps, might
have been  a peculiar casa;  certain it is, however, I
consulted some  of the most eminent Aurists in the United
States, but  could find no benefit from their  attendance.
I could, therefore say that in all cases like mine I
would cheerfully recommend treatment.

       Signed,
                          JOEL CARPENTER.

  Hamilton, March 3d, 1851. 
CERTIFICATES.
139
Deafness of Twenty-Two Years' Standing perfectly Cured
              in Less than Four Months.

                   Toronto, November 27th, 1850.
My Dear Doctor:
     As the time may not be far distant when I shall
have to take leave of you, I take the earliest opportu-
nity of expressing my gratitude to you, as having been
the means, under Providence, of curing me  of a deaf-
ness of more than twenty years' standing, and that too,
in less than four  months;  which, I think,  must be
looked upon as a convincing proof to  others of your
great skill as an Aurist.   I  have  every  reason  to be
grateful for the result of my visit to you, nor do I mind
telling you that I came as one without hope, and almost
without hearing.  I am now, I rejoice to say, enabled
to join in  common conversation without much incon-
venience to myself or others.  In conclusion, I beg to
offer you my warmest  thanks and gratitude  for your
care and attention, and for the cure effected.
                I remain, very sincerely,
                         Yours,
                            G. R. SHERLOCK.


To F. A. Cadwell, Esq.,  M.  D.,

                Oculist and Aurist,

                       King Street, Toronto. 
140
certificates.
Deafness of Fifteen Years' Standing cured in Two Weeks.

                    Toronto, February 26th, 1851.
Dear Sir:
     When I consulted you a fortnight since, I had been
suffering under partial deafness for about fifteen years,
and had not much hope of relief.   I can now say, how-
ever, that I hear as well as I ever did, and the noises
in my ears are almost entirely  gone.
                I am, Sir,
                     Your obedient servant,
                            J.  V.  BATTERSBY,
                                 Lieut, in Royal Navy.
To Dr. F. A. Cadwell.
               Artificial Eye inserted.

                     Toronto, 16th October, 1851.
  A few da}rs  since Dr. Cadwell inserted for  me an
Artificial Eye, which is so perfect a  match that I have
been asked by more than one person in what manner I
recovered the use of my  eye.   The e}re  was inserted
without the least pain, and is now7  worn without any
unpleasant  sensation.  It has the same motion, and has
added greatly to the strength of my  sound eye; in fact,
the illusion is such that at times I fancy I can see with
both eyes, and it is only by closing my  sound eye that
1 find it is  not realitv.
                          ROSS E. M. KEELE. 
certificates.
141
Severe Deafness,  from Scarlet  Fever,  of Eight Years'
                   Standing Cured.
                         Denisox Terrace, Torono,
                             March 10th, 1851.
Dear Sir:
     I have great pleasure in certifying (and I do so
with the hope of inducing others similarly afflicted to
try your skill,) that you have been  of infinite  service
to my little son, who  has been  very deaf indeed—so
much so that he could not hear a  conversation  carried
(in in the same room with him, for the last eight years.
although I tried the best physicians in the city.   The
deafness was caused by an attack of Scarlet Fever, when
he was only four years of age.  I  am now proud to
<ay that he can hear anything in common conversation,
and is otherwise much improved, his eyes looking more
sprightly and intelligent, and his ears hiving a healthy
appearance.
                 Your obedient  servant,
                       RICHARD L. DENLSON.
To Dr. F, A.  Cadwell,
          King Street, Toronto.
            IMPORTANT OPERATION.
Deafness from  Scarlet Fever—Large Pieces of Dead
  Bone removed from the  Skull—Disease overcome, and
  Hearing restored.
              Merrittville, December 18th, 1846.
  SIK—On  becoming acquainted  with  the arrival of
Dr. Cadwell in Hamilton, I considered it due, not only 
142
CERTIFICATES.
to that gentleman, as a slight tribute of gratitude, but
also to the public, thus to make known  the high skill
and success with which he removed a very  protracted
complaint in my daughter's ear, that I  had previously
considered irremediable, and entertained no other idea,
than that of the entire  loss of her hearing.  I can,
therefore, with  great confidence  recommend  those
afflicted to his care.
                I am, Sir,
                     Your obedient servant,
                                a. McDonald.

To the Editor of the Globe, Toronto.
Severe Deafness from Scarlet Fever Cured.  The Disease
                     Removed.
                             February 6 th, 1851.

  This is to certify that my daughter  Sarah, a child
of seven years of age, was, in the winter of 1845, in
consequence of  a severe attack of Scarlet Fever, nearly
deprived of her hearing.   At first we hoped  that, as
she was young, she would regain her hearing  as  she
became  older; but  in this we  were  disappointed, for
from bad it became  worse, till in the  summer of 1850
she could scarcely be said to hear at all.  You might
shout at the height  of your voice, and it would have
no effect upon her, if she was eight feet distant from
you.  Under these circumstances I appled to Dr. Cad-
well,  now resident in  the City of  Toronto, and  his 
CERTIFICATES.
143
treatment of her case has been attended with the most
desirable  success,  inasmuch as her  hearing has been
restored to such a  degree that she can hear with ease
the lowTest conversational tone.  My fondest hopes have
been more than realized, and I take this opportunity of
recommending those who are similarly afflicted, speedily
to avail themselves of his invaluable services.
          Signed,
                        BENJAMIN  M.  CLARK,
                            Church Street, Toronto, C. W.
      Witness :
G. W. Houghton,
      Attorney at Law, Solicitor in Chancery,
                 Deafness from Cold.

                       Etobicoke, March 20, 185L
My Dear Sir:
     My son having been afflicted with partial deafness
in the right ear for about eighteen months, brought on
as wTe suppose, by cold, having slept with the window
open, I am happy to say to you that  under your care
he has so much recovered his hearing as to be of little
inconvenience to him at present; and, from appearances,
under your treatment I trust he will quite recover his
hearing.
              I am yours, etc.,
                                    E, MUSSON,
Dr. Cadwell, King Street, Toronto, 
144
CERTIFICATES.
  Deafness of Six Years' Standing Cured in Nine Days.

                        Montreal, 7th June, 1849.

Dr. F, Cadwell:

     Dear Sir—I feel great pleasure in adding my testi-
inoniny to the numerous certificates which you possess,
of your extraordinary ability  and  success in  curing
deafness.

  Mrs.  Jas. Scott, residing in the Eastern Townships,
C E., having incautiously sat for two days  in a  cellar
during very hot weather, was taken sick and deprived
of her hearing;  for some weeks she was totally deaf,
but partially recovered so that she could  hear  on one
side when spoken to with a loud voice.  She continued
so for upwards  of six  years,  gradually getting worse,
until last March, when having an opportunity of being
treated  by  Dr. Cadwell, at  Sherbrooke, C. E., she
received instant benefit.  At the first sitting a common
tea bell was rung close to her ears without being heard,
but after being operated  upon, the ticking of a watch
was  easily  distinguished on  one side;  and  further
treatment for nine days  still  improved and gave her
hearing on both sides.   Since that time she retains the
whole advantage gained, and I doubt  not  that after a,
few  days'  further  treatment she will be  still  more
benefited.
            Signed,
                              JAMES SCOTT,
                        Of Scott ({■ Glassford, Auctioneers.
                                 Montreal 
certificates.
145
             Deafness following Measles.

              Holland Landing, 20th March, 1851.

     I am happy to  say that my daughter Arabella,
whose hearing has been very much injured for the last
three years, from an attack of measles, is very much
improved since she has been under your treatment, and
I have no doubt  but that  her hearing  will be quite
restored in a short time.
                I am, Dear Sir,
                     Your obedient Servant,
                               W. LAUGHTON.
Total Deafness, caused by Sea Bathing, of Fourteen Years
                  Standing, Cured.

  I hereby certify that I have been totally deaf in one
ear for the last fourteen years,  caused  by salt-water
bathing.   I  commenced treatment under the care of
Dr. F. A. Cadwell, King Street, Toronto, in November
last, and am now able to hear comfortably well, and am
continually improving under his care.
                     Signed,
                             GEORGE REID,
                         Builder, Berkley Street, Toronto,
  March 28th,  1851.
                        10 
146
CERTIFICATES.
Young Lady Cured of Deafness of Twenty-Five  Years'
              Standing, in Fifteen Days.

                        Ogdensburgh, June, 1856.

  I, Augusta Clark,  of Ogdensburgh,  New York, do
certify, that I made application to Dr. Cadwell, in June,
1856, for deafness of a very severe form, which  had
existed since I wTas three years of age, caused by cold,
and being now twenty-eight years of age, I of course
have no recollection of ever enjoying good or even tol-
erable hearing.
  In conversation, it was always  necessary  to elevate
the voice considerably to enable me  to  hear, this being
the case from  the commencement, without  material
deviation.  The Doctor's watch held close to my ear
could be heard faintly.
  I have much gratification now, however, in stating
that after being treated by Dr. Cadwell for fifteen days,
during one of his professional visits to town, I have
almost completely recovered  my hearing.   I have no
recollection  of ever enjoying such  hearing as I now
have.  Common conversation seems to  reach my ears
with the greatest  ease.   I can now hear the same wratch
at a distance of three feet; all noise has  disappeared,
and  I  shall  ever feel grateful to him who, through
Providence, has conferred on me so great a blessing.

                   Signed,
AUGUSTA CLARK. 
CERTIFICATES.                 147
Certificate from a Young Lady who was nearly Blind for
                     One Year.
  I was severely afflicted with an inflammation  of my
eyes for more than one year, that completely  baffled
the skill  of  several eminent physicians, until  I had
almost despaired of ever being  cured.  I was advised,
however,  to  apply to  Dr.  Cadwell,  of  Toronto, as a
gentleman skilled in his profession as an Oculist and
Aurist, and am happy to say that my disease was com-
pletely subdued in five weeks, under his  treatment.
My health was also improved while under that  gentle-
man's care.
                                 ANN PERRY,
                                         Darlington.
Deafness of Three Years' Standing, in a Young Lady,
               Cured in Twelve Days.
  I acknowledge a perfect cure of a deafness and noise
in my  ears, of three years' standing, after submitting
myself  to  Dr. Caclwell's treatment for twelve days.
Treatment caused me no pain.
                        HESTER A JACKSON.
  King Street, Toronto,
       March, 1853.
Partial Blindness, of Eight Months' Standing, Cured  in
                    Five Weeks.
  I John Glen, of Markham, certify that I have been
afflicted with a  severe  disease in my eyes for eight
months past, which had nearly deprived  me of sight, 
148                 CERTIFICATES.
and that I was unable to obtain any relief till I applied
to Dr. F. A. Cadwell, at Toronto, about five weeks ago,
since  which time, under his daily care, I have com-
pletely recovered my sight, and the troublesome disease
is entirely removed.   I am now able  to read common
print Avith ease, which I have not been able  to do before
for the last six months.
                                 JOHN GLEN,
                                     Markham Sparta.
      Witness:
G. W. Houghton,
     Attorney at Laic, Solicitor in Chancery,

  Toronto, March 29th, 1851.
        CRITICAL SURGICAL OPERATION.

Interesting Certificate from the Parents of a Young Lady
  Fifteen Years of of Age, Deaf and Dumb from Birth.
  restored to good Hearing, and who subsequently acquired
  the power of  speech.   Operation was performed at
  Montreal, Sept.  15//;, 1856.  Certificate dated Three
  Mivers, May  15, 1848.

  To all whom it may  concern, Greeting.' This is  to
certify that Lucadi Pravoncher, of the District of Three
Rivers, Canada, deaf and dumb from  birth, and who,
up to the fifteenth year of her  age, Avas- totally  unable
to hear or speak, except a feAV imperfect words, such
as most deaf mutes arc able to, AVas at the age of fifteen
years brought under the influence of a  surgical  opera- 
CERTIFICATES.
140
 tion by the hands of Frederick A. Cadwell, Esq., M. D..
 of Montreal, AAThereby the said Lucadi  Pravoncher has
'been so far restored to her hearing as to enable her to
 comprehend sounds, and  has  during the last eighteen
 months learned to speak  French so as to be distinctly
 understood by her  friends  and acquaintances—and
 having attended school during the last  twelve  months.
 has learned  to  read, spell, and repeat her catechism.
 AA'ith a facility truly remarkable.

   Her health, Avhich before the operation Avas extremely
 delicate, was immediately restored to her by the effect
 of the above-named operation, which consisted in the
 removal of two large vascular tumors from Avithin the
 throat and behind the palate,  and by the use of subse-
 quent treatment to the organs of hearing, the desired
 effect has been produced.

   To the said Dr.  Frederick A.  Cadwell I  hereby
 jicknowledge  my  deep indebtedness, for his  kindness
 find unremitting attention, as  well as as for his profess-
 ional skill in the management of the case so favorably
 terminated.

   N. B.—I, the undersigned,  being  Uncle and Guardian
 to the said  Lucadi Pravoncher, and tavern-keeper in
 the city of  Montreal, subscribe my name to the Avithin
 statement, as being fully  and  substantially correct.

                      Signed,

                                      J. MICHEL.

  ' Three Riyers, May  15th, 1848.
JSL-. 
150
CERTIFICATES.
Certificate from a Lady Deaf Twenty Years, and Cured,*
                     AND ANOTHEB
   From a Young Lady Deaf Four Years, and Cured.

  This  may certify,  that Mrs.  Anthony Miller,  of
Ancaster, C. W., has been deaf for about tAventy years,
and unable to hear a Avatch beat except  near the ear.
  Mrs. Miller Avas treated by Dr. CadAvell, at Hamilton,
for about one month, at Avhich time she could hear a
Avatch beat across* the  room-—and her hearing Avas suf-
ficiently restored  to enable her to hear common conver-
sation Avithout difficulty.   Mrs. Miller's age Avas fifty-
four.

  Miss. Mary Van Syckle, a niece of the above-named
Mrs. Miller, Avas  also  deaf for about four years, and
was completely cured  in about four Aveeks by Dr. F. A.
CadAvell, during his attendance on Mrs. Mille.

                         ROBERT C. MILLER,
                                       Ancaster, C. W.
  Hhmilton, May 23d, 1850.
  Partial Deafness, of Sixteen Years' Standing, Cured.

  This is to certify that I have been partially deaf for
about sixteen  years, from  cold; Avhen, in about  July 
CERTIFICATES.
151
last, I was getting  worse, and applied to Dr. F. A.
Cadwell, Avho restored  me  to  comfortable hearing, by
about one Aveek's treatment,
                           EDWARD SEAGER,
      Witness:                     Township of Vaughan.
George W. Houghton,
      Attorney at Laic, etc.
        Certificate from Judge D. J. HUGHES.

           St. Thomas, C. W., 23d February, 1854.
  I have great pleasure in adding my humble testimony
to that of Ararious other persons, as to the success of
Dr. CadAvell's  treatment of  diseases  of the Eye  and
Ear.  I had occasion to call upon Dr. C. for relief from
deafness in my left ear, Avhen no other medical man in
London could  render it, and from his skillful treatment
and advice I have  derived much benefit, and partially
recovered my hearing;  and  I may safely  say, that
although I have recommended many persons to  apply
to Dr. Cadwell, none  of them  have  had occasion to
regret it, and most of them have either expressed then-
great satisfaction at the benefits  derived from his skill,
or have been entirely cured.
                                 D.  J. HUGHES.
         GRANULAR INFLAMMATION.
Certificate of TITUS  WILLIAMS, Esq., entirely Blind,
             completely restored to Sight.
               Ogdensburgh, N. Y., June 13, 1856.
  I, Titus Williams, of Port Rowan, County of Norfolk,
aged sixty-five years,  do certify that I Avas attacked in
February, 1854,  Avith a severe disease  of  my eyes, 
152
CERTIFICATES.
knoAvn as Granulated Lids, Avhich continued Avith una-
bated  Alolence  for  several months,  though  during
that time I  Avas  treated by  several quite  eminent
physicians in that part of the country, until in October
of the same year, my  sight left me entirely.  In this
state I continued receiving treatment from my phy-
sicians, under the full  assurance that I would recover
my sight.  In the beginning of  March, 1855,  I AATas
recommended to go to  Rochester, N. Y., and place
myself  under treatment at the  Infirmary at that place,
Avhere I remained for six weeks Avithout receiving the
slightest benefit therefrom.   I Avas then recommended
to try Dr. Cadwell, Avho Avas then on one  of  his pro-
fessional visits at Buffalo, which I  did, about the middle
of April.  I Avas then not only perfectly blind, but my
eyes presented a shocking spectacle, accompanied with
great distress, and I had to  be led back and forth  to his
office.   At the end of  three Aveeks, I so far recovered
my sight as to be able to go Avithout a guide, and Avas
permitted to  make  a  Adsit home;  Avas absent  three
Aveeks,  but  continued to improve,  and renewed my
attendance on the Doctor, for  the purpose  of having
the cure completed.  It is noAv one  year since I A\~as
cured, and though aged, and in feeble health otherwise,
I can see to  read common print Avithout  the aid  of
glasses.
              Signed,
                            TITUS  WILLIAMS,
        Late Lieut Col. 4:th Batalion Norfolk Batalion Militia,
         and for Thirty Years a Magistrate of the same county.

      Witness:
  A. Drummond,
      Commission Merchant, Toroicto, C. W. 
CERTIFICATES.
153
          Certificate  from J. BEVERLY ROBINSON,  Esq., Ex-
              Mayor of Toronto, and A. DRUMMOND, Esq.
          Touching the case  of BARTHOLOMEW  McMAHON,
            tvho was totally  Blind, and  who instantly received his
            Sight by an operation performed by Dr. Cadwell.
            Wre,  the undersigned, do hereby certify that Barthol-
          omeAV McMahon, a poor unfortunate man, A\rho Avas dis-
          missed  from the Montreal Hospital as blind and incura-
          ble, in the month  of June, 1856, made application  to
          Dr. F.  A. CadAvell, of Toronto, and learned  from that
          gentleman that he could be restored  to sight.   He
          received him under his care as a charity patient, and
          after giving him  a feAV  clays' preparatory treatment,
          performed a delicate operation on said McMahon's eye,
          Avith perfect success, and he instantly received sight.
          With very little suffering, and a  feAV days' subsequent
          attendance,  the  patient  was dismissed  from  further
          treatment, being able to see well, and is noAv earning a
          respectable livelihood.
            It is noAv  three months since the operation Avas per-
          formed, and the patient states that his  sight continues
          to strengthen and improve.
            I believe the above statement to be correct.
                                         J. B. ROBINSON.
            Toronto, Feb. 18th, 1857.

            Having been present Avhen the operation upon Mr.
          McMahon's eye was performed, and having seen him
K          this day, I can certify to the  correctness  of the above
          statement.                     A. DRUMMOND,
                                      Commission Merchant, Toronto.
            Toronto, Feb. 18th, 1857. 
154
CERTIFICATES.
CHICAGO AND OTHER CERTIFICATES,
         Received since my residence here.
Deafness from Measles, with a perpetual Discharge from
  the Ears, of Thirty Years' .Standing.—Perfect Cure in
  Thirty Days-
                        Chicago, Sept. 23d, 1859.
  At the age of seven years I  had a severe  attack of
the measles, Avhich  left  me  AATith  a profuse  discharge
from one of my ears. This discharge continued, almost
without intermission, for nearly Thirty Years, causing
me  much  annoyance and mortification,  and  at times
rendering me very deaf.   The disease had been of such
long standing, that I regarded it as a chronic difficulty,
to get rid of Avhich Avould endanger my  life.   Having
made the acquaintance  of Dr.  CadAvell, I incidentally
made mention of my disease, but Avithout even a hope
that human skill could arrest it.   The Doctor assured
me  that the discharge  could be stopped, and Avithout
danger.   I placed myself under his care, and after six
sittings, of a feAV minutes each, the disease was entirely
eradicated, and my hearing much improved.   It is noAV
six  months since the discharge ceased, and I have expe-
rienced no return of the  complaint.  My entire confi-
dence in the surgical and chirurgical  skill of Dr. Cad-
well induces me to record with  pleasure  the personal
obligations I am under for the great service received at
his  hands.
                             EDWARD BLISS,
                                  Ed. Sunday Leader. 
CERTIFICATES.
155
Very severe Deafness, with profuse  Discharge from the
  Ears, of Eighteen Years' Standing, caused by Measles.
  A perfect Cure in Two Months.

                         Chicago,  Sept. 13th, 1859.

  I hereby certify that I consulted Dr. F. A Cadwell,
formerly of Toronto,  C. W.,  now  of this city, as to
deafness, of eighteen years'  standing,  (my present age
being tAventy-four) caused by  measles.
  I had suffered much and constantly from a discharge
through the ears and  throat,  Avith  attending pain  and
impossibility  of  having  any conversation  with  my
friends, except at a very uncomfortable tone of voice
on their part.   The tick of a  watch could be but indis-
dinctly heard, and only Avhen held  close to the ear.

  I had consulted and Avas  treated by  many Aurists,
both  of this  city, Philadelphia, and  NeAV York City,
Avithout the least relief or benefit.  Finally, after much
reflection,—having had  so many  discouragements—I
placed myself under  Dr.  Cadwell's care, in December,
1858.   With  thirty days' treatment, only, I  had quite
recovered good  hearing, and could  hear the tick of a
Avatch at several feet distance, and could enjoy  conver-
sation in an ordinary tone of voice, with the greatest
ease and comfort.  My hearing has continued good up
to the present time, for which  I  feel that  money or
words can never express my gratitude to the author.

                           GEO.  W. WILLIAMS,
  [P. Q. Bos, 1896.]                    Olerk in Post Offce. 
156
CERTIFICATES.
Deafness of Twenty-Five Years' Standing Cured.—Large
  Polypus  removed.—Hearing restored.—The Discharge
  arrested.—Cause, Scarlet Fever.

Dr. F. A. Cadavell :
     Dear  Sir:  It affords me much  pleasure,  and I
cheerfully avail myself of the present  opportunity of
expressing my most grateful thanks to  you for having
been the means, under Providence, of remoAnng a very
protracted disease of my ears, of more than  Tioenty-
five Years'1 standing,'arising from Scarlet Fever, when
a  child,  Avhich rendered my hearing  not  only very
imperfect, but quite unfitted me for the  safe transac-
tion of my business.  One of my ears  had a large
Polypus, Avhich took root from the  bottom of the ear,
and giTming rapidly, soon arrived at the outer orifice,
accompanied Avith  a very profuse  discharge  of matter,
of a very foetid odor, and completely  destroying the
hearing on that side.   The other, though  not so bad,
was very imperfect and offensive.
   Your treatment of my case, for the few Aveeks I Avas
under your care, has been attended  Avith the most sat-
isfactory results, both to myself and family, and I am
now in the enjoyment of good health and hearing, and
all distressing and annoying symptoms have fully  sub-
sided under your skillful treatment.   I  find no return
of my deafness since the  Polypus  Avas removed  and
hearing restored, although it is eight months since the
operation Avas  performed, since  Avhich  time  a steady
improvement has been always perceptible.
   Should the above statement of my  case be of any
service to yon, you are entirely at liberty to publish  it 
CERTIFICATES.
157
among other testimonials of your ability and skill, and
I shall be most happy to corroborate it with any oral
statement, whenever applied to by those suffering from
a-similar disorder, or others interested in such cases.
                             J. J. WRIGHT,
                    Carriage Maker, 753 State St.,  Chicago.
   September 25th, 1859.
Case of NERVOUS DEAFNESS, with Noise and Singing
            in the Ears, and no Discharge.
Dr. F. A. Cadwell:
     Dear Sir: If you desire a statement in regard to
the improvement I made  Avhile under your  care, yon
are Avelcome to use it, stating my case as it Avas Avhen
I came to you, and the great benefit I  have derived
by your kind and gentle  treatment; and although my
hearing is not entirely perfect, I knotv that you  have
arrested the disease, which Avas rapidly progressing for
months previous to my coining to you, and I doubt not
would soon have totally destroyed  my hearing—for
Avhich please accept my sincere  thanks  and gratitude.
My ears remain about the same as A\*hen you  dismissed
me; hearing good.  I hear the noise sometimes, but not
so distinctly, and only for afeto moments, and then passes
away.
              Faithfully  your friend,
                             SINAI J.  MATHER.
   East Troy, Wis., Sept. 18th, 1859.

   N. B.—-The above case of  Deafness  Avas  of many
years' standing,  and  marks  the character of Nervous
Deafness.  The  subject,  a young lady eighteen  yearn 
158
CERTIFICATES.
of age,  otherwise perfectly healthy.   This case Avas
treated  Avith good success, the nature of  the deafness
taken into account—for it has  been previously stated
that this form  of deafness Avas extremely  difficult  to
cure,  so as  to leave  the organs perfect;  and  those
who have  the  premonitory  symptoms,  (Avhich  is  an
occasional or a  constant singing in the ears,) should not
fail to give it  their  earliest attention, otherwise the
noise and the deafness Avill go hand and hand together,
until the hearing has become nearly or quite useless.
                                     Dr.  F. A. C.
               Tumor on the Eye-Brow.
  A large tumor, measuring  about tAVo  inches and  a
half in  diameter,  situated above  the  right  eye-brow,
upon the forehead, Avhich had been many years grow-
ing, causing me more or less pain and uneasiness, was
most skillfully removed from its prominent locality, by
a very neat and handsome operation, performed about
four years since, by Dr. F. A. Cadwell,  of Chicago,
formerly of Toronto, Canada.   It has never  given  me
least pain or trouble since, and the place it ocupied is
only visible upon close inspection.
                               JOHN MATHER.
  East  Troy, Wis., Sept. 18th, 1859.
Deafness of the Left Ear, with profuse discharge for Four
               Years.  A Perfect Cure.
Dr. Cadwell:
     Dear Sir:  It gives me much pleasure to state that
after having suffered for four years Avith a profuse dis-
charge from my left ear, accompanied Avith loss of hear- 
CERTIFICATES.
159
ing in the affected organ, and after having received  a
few weeks' mild treatment at your hands, I feel myself
completely cured.  The discharge has long since ceased,
my hearing become much improved, and my health has
rdso been very much benefited by the course pursued.
Please accept my sincere thanks, and believe me
        Your ever grateful patient and friend,
                         JOSEPH E. NORTON.
   Libertyville, Lake Co., 111.
Discharge from the Ear, with Total Deafness, of Fifteen
     Years' standing.—Perfect Cure in Six Weeks.
  This is to certify, that I have been afflicted  with
total deafness in one ear, accompanied Avith a discharge
from the same, for fifteen years past, caused by Scarlet
Fever; and in July last I placed myself under the care
of Dr. F. A. Cadwell, of Chicago, who has arrested the
discharge, and my hearing is gradually improving.
                    EDWARD R. BLACKMAN.
  Chicago, Sept.  15th, 1855.
Young Lady aged Fifteen totally  Blind from Severe In-
  flammation of her Eyes, for Several Months.—Sight per-
  fectly restored in Six Weeks.

My Dear Doctor Cadwell:
     It is with feelings of the deepest gratitude that I
write to inform  you  of the present condition of our
niece, Sarah Jane, and to acknowledge our deep indebt-
edness to you for the inestimable blessings you have
bestowed upon us all, by restoring her lost sight.  We 
160                 CERTIFICATES.
 have great pleasure  in  adding our humble testimony,
 and consider it but a slight tribute of our gratitude for
 your professional  skill, so effectively  rendered.   Our
 niece, whose age is  fifteen years, was attacked  about
 one year since with a most violent and severe  form of
 inflammation of  the eyes, which, in spite of all  the
 efforts of  our regular medical attendants, deprived her
 of sight, completely, in the course of a feAV  Aveeks,  and
 although everything Avas done that medical skill could
 suggest, she continued to  grow  worse, and  became, as
 Ave thought, past  cure—until about the first  of May
 last Ave Avere recommended to your care.   It is but just
 to say that her condition  when Ave took her to you  Avas
 such that Ave Avere almost without hope that she could
 ever be restored again to  sight; and your own opinion
 of her case  was not intended to flatter our hopes very
 much that she  could ever see  again.  I am only  too
 proud to say that from  the first day you  commenced
 treating her eyes, up to the day of our departure home-
 ward, her case  was one of uninterrupted success,  and
 at the end of six  AATeeks she Avas dismissed with  the
 sight of both eyes, able to see well, and  Ave Avere per-
 mitted  to  return  home, about the  first of  July
 Since that time her  eyes have continued  to gain in
 ■strength and sight, till she can now see to read and
 sew, and is  in  every way better prepared, Avith sight
 and health  restored, for the discharge  of  her duties
 as a .useful member  of society.  Truly it may be said,
 that where  science and skill are acknoAvledged,  the
 most destructive diseases of these delicate organs may
 be removed and sight again restored, even where dark-
 ness the most intense was only visible.
  In your Treatise on the Eye  and Ear, about to be
published, you are entirely at liberty to use this as may 
CERTIFICATES.
161
seem most befitting to your views; and if its perusal,
by any of the afflicted in these organs, shall induce but
one single sufferer to look to you for relief, the object
of this instrument Avill have been accomplished.
  Gratefully we remain,
                    Your friends,
                           GARNER OLIVER,
Onarga, Iroquois Co., ILL,   ISABELLA OLIVER.
    Sept. 20th,  1859.
Severe Granular Inflammation, and Ulcerations, with Loss
  of Sight.—The subjects, a Gentleman of Chicago and his
  Wife.—Complete Recovery.
  I certify, that for about one year I was a victim to a
most  severe and violent inflammation  of my eyes,
which, for most of the  time, deprived  me of sight,
requiring me to  be led.   My wife was also in a similar
condition, although she preserved tolerable  good sight
in one eye, which enabled her to take care of us both.
We both had granulations and ulcers, and for a time
our condition was considered very critical.   I employed
the best medical talent both in  and out  of the State,
for which I paid dearly, and persevered in  the use of
the means prescribed, until I Avas at last entirely with-
out sight,  and  helpless.  At  this  critical  moment, I
learned that Dr. F. A. Cadwell, formerly of Toronto,
Canada, (whom  I had long heard of as a man possess-
ing great skill as an oculist,) was then in  Chicago, and
I lost no time  in discovering his  place of business.
His opinion of my case, as well as that of my wife, was
promptly given, and to the effect that though our eyes
were  very far gone with disease, they were  yet within
reach of his treatment, and he would undertake to cure
                         11 
162
CERTIFICATES.
us both.  We at once placed ourselves under his care,
and received his daily attention for a feAV Aveeks, when
Ave were both so far restored as to  render our  regular
attendance no longer necessary.  Since then we have
continued to improve and gain in our sight, till  we find
ourselves once more in the full enjoyment of this most
desirable and necessary sense;  and it is Avith great
pleasure that I thus make knoAvn  the  means  that so
promptly and effectually relieved us of our long-tried
affliction—Avithout Avhose timely aid we probably Avould
at this moment have been  groping  our weary  way in
darkness, from  Avhich we could  never  have been
restored
                       CORNELIUS  JOHNSON,
                       ELIZA JOHNSON.
   Chicago, Sept. 28th, 1859.     Prop, of Brighton House.
Granular Inflammaton of the Eyes of a Young Lady, who
 had suffered for Three Years, and was Cured in Three
 Months.
  I hereby certify, that at the hands of Dr. F. A. Cad-
well, of this city, formerly of Toronto, Canada, one of
my daughters Avas entirely cured of a Granular Inflam-
mation which had seriously affected her eyes  for up-
Avards of three years.  I placed her under the Doctor's
care on the first of January of the present year, and I
am happy to say that her disease is  entirely  removed,
and she is able to use her eyes for the  usual  purposes,
seemingly as Avell as ever.   Until I applied to  Dr. C,
to whom I Avas strongly recommended by one of my
friends, I failed to discover  any  improvement through
the hands of other physicians Avhom I  employed.
                            JUDGE PEASLEE,
  Chicago, Sept. 20th, 1859.            City  Contractor. 
CERTIFICATES.
163
 Granular Lids, and severe Inflammation of the Eyes, of
   Four Years' Standing.—Complete Cure in Six Weeks.

 Dr. Cadavell:

        Dear Sir:

                When I  consulted you, Avdiich was the
 20th of July last, I had been suffering  from a severe
 form of Granular Inflammation of the eyes,  for almost
 four years, but Avas much Avorse at the time I consulted
 you.   I  was scarcely  able  to open my eyes enough
 to make my way about, and at times could not  use
 them at all.   The sight Avas also very dim, even Avhen
 I  could  open  them, and Avas extremely painful.   I
 had previously employed a  number  of regular practi-
 tioners, and some of the so-called oculists,  but all  to no
 purpose;  and  my condition at  that  time  becoming
 rather alarming, I at length consulted you by  the advice
 of some of your  old  patients.
   I have merely  to  say, that  your  very judicious
 treatment of  my case  has  given me the utmost sat-
 isfaction; for, from the commencement of my attend-
 ance  on  you, my eyes  improved till the end, Avhich
 found them entirely restored, Avith good clear  sight, and
 the granulations entirely removed; and I am noAv able
 to use my eyes  for  all  purposes as well  as ever—
 requiring only to be careful for a  Avhile, as the organs
 are yet delicate from an attack so severe, and  of so long
 standing.   Since my return home, my eyes  have codj-
 tinued to gain in strength, agreeably to your statement.
   This you may use as  you  think proper, and are at
liberty to give it  full insertion among your  numerous 
164
CERTIFICATES.
certificates, Avhen you pubhsh the  Chicago edition of
your Treatise on the Eye and  Ear.
            And believe me truly yours,
                             GEO. C. STANLEY.
Victoria, Knox Co., Ills.,
  Sept. 26th, 1859.
Granular Inflammation of the Eyes, of  Seven Years'
              Standing.—A perfect Cure.
  This is to certify, that I have suffered Avith inflam-
mation of the eyes for nearly seATen years, accompanied
with granulations and almost total loss of sight, from
Avhich I Avas unsuccessful in  obtaining  any permanent
relief, during the Avhole period of my suffering, though
I employed the best medical talent that could be found.
About the 20th of December last I Avas recommended
to consult Dr. F. A. CadAvell, of  Chicago,—formerly of
Toronto, Canada—Avhich I did, and at once placed my-
self under his care, Avith the full assurance that I Avould
get rid of my unwelcome companion.  I had but a very
feAV days' treatment before I felt convinced that I was
in the right hands to be cured, and from the commence-
ment I have  progressed favorably, Avithout relapse  or
trouble, and  am  again  in possession  of  sound  eyes,
though from the severity of  the  original inflammation,
my sight is not quite as clear as it Avas before; still  I
am entirely  satisfied  that in Dr. Cadwell's  hands  I
received as much relief as could be given  to  eyes  in
such a state, and I AA<as  promptly brought  out of my
distressed condition, and have continued to enjoy sound
eyes and good sight ever  since.   My  term of regular
treatment lasted about Iavo months.
                  Mrs. BULIA ANN McGRATH,
               Wife of T. McGratii, 255  West  Randolph St.
  Chicago, Sept. 28th, 1859. 
CERTIFICATES.
165
         Purulent Inflammation of the  Eyes, with Granulations,
               producing Blindness.—Complete Recovery.
                            Chicago, September 19th, 1859.
           In November, 1858, Avhile in Missouri, I was attacked
         with the most malignant species of Purulent Inflamma-
         tion in my eyes, accompanied with Granulations.   I was
         immediately placed under the treatment  of an Oculist
         of considerable celebrity in St.  Louis, AAdiere I remained
         some  Aveeks,  Avithout receiving the slightest benefit.
         Finding my eyes growing Avorse, I came  to  this city
         and placed myself under the care  of an  eminent phy-
         sician, Avhose treatment Avas  beneficial to me for a short
         time,  and perhaps checked, in  some measure, the rava-
         ges this most destructive disease Avas making upon my
         eyes.   HoAveArer, after four  or five months' trial of this
k         treatment,  I became satisfied  that my eyes  Avere not
         receiving any permanent benefit, and through the advice
         of friends,  Avho had  heard of the almost miraculous
         cures  performed by Dr. F. A CadAvell, of this  city, I
         was induced to place  myself under his charge.
           When I  first came  to the Doctor's office, a\ hich was
         in March last, and for some Aveeks after, I Avas so totally
         blind  (being only able to distinguish daylight from dark-
         ness,  and nothing more,) that it Avas necessary to bring
         me in a carriage, or for my friends to lead me.  Under
         Dr. CadAvell's treatment, I consider myself, at this time,
         in a manner, well;  as my sight has been restored, all
         pain removed, and  my eyes in every way made as sound
^         as ever, except such Aveakness as is universally incident
         upon  such a long protracted disease.
                                     W. A.  LIGHTHALL,
                                          144 West Adams Street. 
166
CERTIFICATES.
Blindness from  Cataracts.—Crystalline Lens  Extracted,
                 and Sight Restored.
   This is to certify, that I was attacked several months
ago, with dimness of sight, but Avithout any accompa-
nying inflammation,  Avhich continued to  increase grad-
ually, until the sight of my right eye Avas lost, and the
left one quite dim and fast failing.   I made application
to Dr. CadAvell,  of  Chicago, an Oculist of some emi-
nence, about the  middle of June last, and Avas informed
by that gentleman that the cause of my blindness Avas
from  the formation  of  Cataracts,  and  that  my only
chance of having sight restored was to have an opera-
tion made and the Cataracts removed.   Accordingly, 1
placed myself under that gentleman's  care, and after
a  few days' preparatory treatment, Dr. CadAvell per-
formed an operation  on my right eye, and  removed the
Cataract instantly.   The  operation  for  extracting  the
Cataract was performed,  and the opaque lens Avas in an
instant removed from the eye  and fell upon my cheek.
   This  operation, Avhich  was  performed with a very
sharp, tri-angular shaped  knife, Avas  so dextrously done
that I Avas scarcely aware the  work had been accom-
plished.   The removal of the  Cataract caused me no
pain,  and in five minutes after the operation I Avas per-
mitted to open my eye, when  I found  that  my sight
Avas  indeed  restored in  the eye that had  been dark
and useless for more than a year previously.  I received
the usual attention from Dr. CadAvell after  such opera-
tions, and had but little trouble.  I  returned  home to
my family in about three Aveeks, and my sight and the
strength of that eye  has  been gradually gaining, and
with the aid of my glasses I can  see to  read, and can 
CERTIFICATES.
167
transact my  business.   My age is fifty-five, and my
health othenAnse good, and  have always been a  hard-
Avorking man.
                                 ISAAC CECIL.
Peru, La Salle Co., 111.,
  Sept. 22d, 1859.
Large Ulcer on the Eye cured in Five Weeks, and Sight
                     Restored.
Dr. Cadwell:
     Dear Sir:  I am proud to inform you that my right
eye, which was attacked  with a severe Inflammatory
Ulcer some months since,  has  noAv entirely recovered.
Thanks to  you, my  dear  Doctor, for  the  prompt and
ready manner  Avith Avhich your treatment was brought
to bear on my case, for I had suffered long and severely,
and until I Avas directed to you for relief, I entertained
no other idea than the total destruction of the organ.
I had, previous to consulting  you, employed  the  best
medical skill,—all  to no purpose—and had gone  to
great expense  to get my  eye  cured, but without suc-
cess, and I thought my case a hopeless one.  However,
I am noAv all right, both  as to  sight and health, and
able to attend  to my business as usual;  and for this
great and precious privilege, I shall ever feel grateful
to you, Avho ministered to my relief in the hour of my
utmost need.
  Please send me your  Treatise Avhen  published, and
believe me
       Your ever grateful and obedient servant,
                            NORTON KELSEY.
Galva, Henry Co., 111.,
  Sept. 20th, 1859. 
168
CERTIFICATES.
Severe Granular Inflammation and Vascular Cornea, of
  Four Years' Standing.—Patient  very nearly Blind.—
  Disease Removed and Sight Restored in Five Weeks.
Dr. F. A. Cadwell, Chicago:
     Dear Sir;  If a statement of my case, Avhich has
been  long  knoAvn among my friends, will be  of any
service to you, in  the  publication of the  facts herein
stated, you are at perfect liberty to use it, for the ben-
efit of your  numerous readers, when you publish the
next  edition  of your Treatise on the Eye and Ear.
  Having been severely afflicted AATith a disease of my
eyes for nearly four years, without being able to obtain
the least permanent benefit from the numberless  Doc-
tors and Professors I had employed, I feel  it a duty
Avhich I owe  to you, as Avell as to  the  public, to  state
with  Avhat promptness and  success my  eyes  were
treated by you during part of July  and August last.
When I called upon you first, I was  entirely unable to
open my eyes but for  an instant, and even then my
sight  Avas so poor and dim that it was with great diffi-
culty  I could  get about the room.   In this  condition I
had been suffering for upAvards of three years, getting
better and Avorse, but never recoArering my sight, or
retaining any improvement, until I placed myself under
your  charge,  about the  middle  of July  last.   From
that moment my eyes seemed to undergo a great change,
and in less than one Aveek,  I AA'as able to go all over
the city.   My eyes soon recovered strength, my  sight
began to improve,  and without relapse  I progressed
most  favorably  until  the disease  Avas  conquered, and
sight  restored, and I returned to my family about the
20th  of  August,  having  been under  your kind  and 
CERTIFICATES.
169
soothing treatment only about five icecks.  My eyes are
not yet as strong as usual, but from the great length of
time I have been afflicted, I do  not  expect anything
better.  I  have no  doubt, however,  but that  in  due
time they will be as strong and useful as  ever.   The
scores of  sufferers  like myself, and  even  avotsc, that
I was daily in the habit of meeting at your office, and
who invariably received prompt relief at your hands,
is evidence beyond dispute that diseases  of the eye,
however severe or long coniinued, Avill generally  ) ielcl
to the magic touch of your  practiced hand.
                   Faithfullv Yours,
                        DWIGHT  INGRAIIAM.
   Sturgis, Mich, Sept. 21st, 1859.
Mother and Daughter perfectly cured of a severe Disease
  of the Eyes, of Four Years' Standing.
                          Chicago, Oct. 1st,  1859.
To Dr. F. A. Cadwell:
     Dear Sir:   Many  and numerous are those ayIio
apply to you for relief, from long and painful suffering
Avith disease of their  eyes;  and countless  numbers,
from all parts of the country,  continue to crowd your
surgery, afflicted in both sight and hearing.  But amidst
the eager throng AArho have sought and obtained ready
and prompt assistance at your hands, none, I can assure
you, can feel more grateful for the blessings you have
conferred  upon them, by removing the cloud  that so
long obscured their  visual organs, and dispersing the
accompanying distress,  Avhich has been its  constant
companion, than the  author of this letter.
  For four long years I was a martyr to a most tedious
and painful inflammation of my eyes, caused by cold, on 
170
CERTIFICATES.
ordinary exposure, and from its commencement, to the
hour of coming to you, I kneAV no comfort, nor could I
find relief from those boasters and pretenders to ocular
science, Avho vainly endeavored to remove  my disease.
but Avho, after Aveeks and  months of tedious and  tor-
turing treatment, yielded me up as uncured and incur-
able.   Thanks to the fates that directed my steps to
you, and to a  merciful Providence for  endoAving  you
with  the  knoAvledge of your noble  profession, which
has most miraculously rescued me from a miserable  and
impending doom.  1  am noAv sound in sight, and  my
eyes are free from disease or blemish; and although  I
have  never been  able, during  the entire  four years
1 Avas a sufferer, to use my eyes to read, write or sew, 1
can iioav employ them for  such and all other needful
purposes Avithout the least difficulty.   For the success-
ful display of your professional skill, both Avith myself
jind little daughter,  (Avho  has suffered  with me for
the same period Avith a painful affliction of  her e3res,)
receive  my most grateful and heartfelt thanks; and be
assured I shall  always feel myself your  debtor,  and
eA'er remain your very grateful and sincere friend.
                          MRS.  L.  H. CLARK,
     Wife of L. If. Clark, Esq., Engineer of III.  Cent. E. E.
Granulated Lids, with Blindness of Three Years' standing
                 cured in five weeks.
Dr. F. A. Cadwell, Chicago. 111.:
     My Dear Sir:   As  I have been a great sufferer
with my eyes  for about three years, which had nearly
deprived me of sight, it affords me the  greatest pleas-
ure to  be able to  state, that I was very readily and 
CERTIFICATES.
171
          most effectually cured by you in less than five weeks.
          during the  present  summer;  and although I had ex-
          pended much  money for  the  purpose of getting m}'
          eyes cured, by  quacks  and  traveling imposters, I
          never found any benefit from their treatment Avhatever.
          I have been engaged in my usual farming labors since
          my return, liomeAvard, in August, and find I retain all
          I gained Avhile Avith you, and my eyes are in a stead)'
          way of  improvement.  The treatment Avas mild, and
          caused me no suffering;  and though I Avas nearly blind
          Avhen I placed myself under your hands, I Avas soon
          put on an independent footing, by the possession of my
          oavii sight, and I shall ever feel grateful to  you as the
          author of  my present happiness, and trust you may be
          spared long to exercise  the  extraordinary skill  you
          possess  in remoA'ing such diseases, so little Avithin the
          reach of other pratitioners. And I can most confidently
l         and cordially recommend you to all such as are suffer-
          ers, or in any Avay afflicted Avith disease of the eyes.
                     Your very obedient servant,
                                 DAVID D. MERCHANT.
          Farmington, Fulton Co., 111.,
               Sept. 18th, 1859.
Young Lady with Chronic Inflammation of the Eyes for
      Two Years.—Complete Cure in Six Weeks.

Dr. F. A. Cadavell, Chicago, 111.:
     As  my  daughter Clara, aged sixteen  years, has
been afflicted Avith disease  of her  eyes  for  about  two
years past, which failed to  yield to all the means  pre-
scribed, it affords me no small  degree  of pleasure to 
172
CERTIFICATES.
state (and I do so for the purpose of encouraging others
similarly afflicted,) that your treatment of her case has
been attended Avith the most satisfactory results.  Her
eyes have been bad for two years, and  at the  time of
coining to you were very Aveak and contracted, and the
lids Avere loaded Avith flabby granulations.
  It is  most  gratifying, since her  return, to  see the
change, both  as regards her health and sight, ami  I
sincerely trust that the cure you haATe performed in her
case may prove as effectual as  it is to me gratifying.
  You are at full liberty, my dear sir, to use these feAV
lines for publication, in your Treatise,  if you think
them of the least service.
  And believe me,
            Gratefully and truly yours,
                           WM. A. BOARDMAN.

  Waukegan,  Sept. 22d, 1859.
Lady afflicted for Two Years and  a  half with  Granular
  Inflammation and Ulcers of  the  Eyes.—Perfect Cure in
  Six Weeks.
  I, Jones Patrick, 204 North Union Street, Chicago,
certify, that my AA'ife has been a patient sufferer for
upwards of two years and a half, Avith a  most painful
and tedious inflammation  of  her  eyes,  accompanied
Avith (jrawulcttions ctnd ulcers.  She has  in vain been
treated by physicians and others, Avho pretend to  cure
such cases, and some  hundreds  of  dollars have been
uselessly squandered by me in endeavoring to obtain 
CERTIFICATES.
1T>
some relief, if not a complete  cure, from her long suf-
ferings.  But for the last  few months her  eyes  had
become progressively  Avorse,  even Avhile under treat-
ment, and the sight nearly destroyed.  While in this
condition, I heard of the extraordinary and marvelous
cures performed by Dr. Cadwell, of this city, and I lost
no time in taking her to that  gentleman  for examina-
tion, and if possible, for cure, and received his assurance
that bad as  her  case  then Avas, the  disease could be
completely removed.   His treatment of her case com-
menced on the eighth  of July, (not yet two months,)
and I have much pleasure in stating that her disease is
entirely removed, and she can see to read and sea)
nearly as Avell as ever; and it is  Avith  some difficulty
that I  can restrain her propensity for using  her  yet
delicate organs for such trying purposes.
   It Avas but a few days after Dr. C. commenced treat-
ing her  case before a marked  improvement became
visible, and nothing has since occurred to interrupt the
current of her success ; and although she  has  not yet
been dismissed from treatment, OAving  to  the  severity
of the case, she is nearly if not quite cured, but  as  a
matter of prudence  and safety, is  advised to continue
her attendance for a Avhile, to avoid the  possibility of
a relapse.
   I may also here mention  that her general health
—Avhich has been very indifferent most of the  time
since  her  eyes Avere first attacked—has  undergone a
decided  improvement.   Tavo other members of my
family  have since been placed  under Dr. Cad well's
treatment for a similar though less serious affection, and
from present appearances, are most likely  soon  to be
stricken from the list, as additional evidences that in
this class of diseases, at least, he  is perfect master of 
174                 CERTIFICATES.

liis profession, and I, for humanity's sake, do most cor-
dially recommend the afflicted to his care,
                              JONES PATRICK,
                           Master Mechanic and Engineer,
  October 1st, 1859.           204 North Union Street.
   Little Girl Three Years of Age  cured of severe Inflam-
                    mation of the Eyes.
      I am most  thankful for the opportunity offered me
   of adding my humble testimony to the numerous cer-
   tificates you possess, in  having within a feAV  Aveeks
,   past removed a very serious  and protracted  disease
   from the eyes of my infant daughter, noAv but  three
   years of age.   She took cold Avhen about four  months
   of age, Avhich settled in her eyes, and from that time
   until I brought her to you, she has never been free from
   the disease, and her eyes  gradually grew more misty,
   until the organ seemed almost concealed from view.
      Having but little confidence in the ability of regular
   practitioners, I never allowed her eyes to be treated by
   them;  and lmlng also a greater horror of quacks and
   impostors, I preferred to take my chances that under
   our OAvn care and attention she Avould fare much better,
   until such time as  I could find  some  one  more skilled
   in that particular.
      Your treatment  of her case during the short period
   she was under your charge, has given  me entire  satis-
   faction, as she can noAv open her eyes to ordinary light,
   without the least  trouble, and  bears exposure to the
   sun Avith astonishing ease.  Her eyes are bright and
   clear, and possess  more strength than I supposed she
   would  ever enjoy, from being in  so young and tender
   a subject. 
                    CERTIFICATES.                 175

  For this great blessing, please accept my most sin-
cere thanks, and be assured I shall  sound your  name
abroad, in terms of merited praise, for the very  satis-
factory manner in which you have  treated dear little
Clara, our only treasure.
                          HAZAEL  NEWCOMB.

  Two Rivers, Oct. 3d, 1859.
          Blindness, accompanied with very feeble health, cf Four
            Years' standing.—Health and  Sight  both  restored in
            One Month.

            I certify that my Avife  Margaret, aged twenty  years,
          Avhose home is in Muskegon, Mich., has been blind for
1         about one year, from inflammation of her eyes, caused
          by taking cold.   I had  her eyes treated  1 >y several
          doctors where I reside, but she  got worse, from time to
          time,  and  at last was so  completely  blind  that  I was
          much afraid she would never recover her sight.   Her
          blindness  Avas also coupled with very bad health, Avhich
          rendered her quite helpless.  When I tool: her to Dr.
          Cadwell, about the first  of September, slf could not
          ■stand upon her feet alone, and  Avas also entirely blind.
          In one month she  has recovered both health and good
          sight, has  a good appetite, and  is very fast  recovering
          her usual health.   Her  eyes are also quite well, and
          free  from  inflammation, and she will in a  few days
\         return to her friends in Michigan.
                                          FRANK  KUIIN.
            Chicago, Sept. 5th, 1859 
 
             LETTERS
PROM MEDICAL  GENTLEMEN  AND OTHERS.
        Letter from Dr. MARSDEN, of Quebec.

                        Quebec, 18th Sept., 1848.
Dr. F. A. Cadavell:
     Sir:  I ha\re  much pleasure, on  the  occasion of
your departure from  Quebec, after a  residence  of up-
Avards of twelve  months, in testifying my opinion of
the general success of your practice, as an  Oculist and
Aurist, in this city, and wherever I have had an oppor-
tunity of Avitnessing it.
  Having had occasion to assist you in many of  your
most  important and  critical operations on the eye, I
can bear testimony to the uniformly  skillful manner of
operation, and the generally successful character of
them;  and I congratulate the afflicted in either of those
organs, on the opportunity that your presence  among
them  will afford, of obtaining  as  great an amount of
relief as human means can effect.
  Although to particularize any operation in preference
to another, where  all are good, may  seem invidious,
                        12 
17S
LETTERS.
yet I cannot but remark that your operation for fistula
lachrymalis (which I have several times Avitnessed,) is
an unrivalled piece of surgical skill and tact.  Wishing
you continued professional success,
       I have the honor to be, Sir,
              Your most obedient servant,

                         WM. MARSDEN, M. D.
Certificate from VALENTINE MOTT, Professor of  Sur-
      gery in the New York Medical University.

  Understanding that Dr. Cachvell intends leaving the
city for a residence in the country, it gives me pleasure
to state that I have had frequent  intervieAvs and  con-
sultations Avith him.  I feel a confidence in recommend-
ing  him to the notice of those among Avhom he may
reside.
                          VALENTINE MOTT.
  New York, July 13, 1844.
               Another from the same.

                   New York, October 10th, 1840.
Dear Doctor:
     Your letter of the 4th instant Avas received to-day.,
I am pleased to hear that you have located yourself in
Montreal,  and shall be  glad to hear of your success; 
LETTERS.                   179
and any service I can render you in the way of advice
Avill be cheerfully furnished on all occasions.
  From the opportunities you have had in this city, of
acquiring a knoAAdedge of the profession, I feel confident
you  Avill be  able  to establish yourself with character
and usefulness in Montreal.
  With the best wishes for the prosperity of yourself
and family,
            I remain ATery respectfully yours,

                           VALENTINE  MOTT.
         Letter from the Rev.  JAMES  COOK, D. D.,  Bishop of
                             Three Rivers.
A
                           [Translated from the French.]

         Dear Doctor:
              I hear, with pain, that you are about to  leave  us.
         The pleasure  of your acquaintance  and of your com-
         pany, and the service you have rendered a large num-
         ber of my parishioners, by the able exercise of your
         noble profession, imposes on me the obligation to thank
         you, and to assure you that the  news of your return
         amongst us will be most agreeable.
            Miss Cooke, Avho submitted to an operation by your
         hands, has noAv her mind tranquilized as to the danger
i        of losing  an  eye.   Mr. Dostie is highly  pleased with
         the success of your treatment.   His eyes are perfectly
         cured.  He will himself explain to you by writing all
        ' his acknowledgments.   It  is the  same with our Rev- 
180                   LETTERS.
crend Mother Superior, who has had a  more grand  evi-
dence of your care and attention in her behalf.
  Health, happiness  and  prosperity be with you  and
your respectable family.
            Is the sincere wish of  your very
                Humble and mo4  obedient Servant,
                                   J. COOKE,
                                 Bishop of Three Rica*.
To F. A. Cadavlll, Esq., M. D. 
OPINIONS OF  THE PRESS.
         Successful Operation on  the Eye  of a Young Woman,
              Twenty-One Years of Age, Blind from Birth.
                        [From the Londou Times,Nov.. 1SJ2.]

           The following account of an extraordinary and  sue-
^        cessful operation on the eye, related by the Prantford
         Expositor, is certainly calculated  to create a hope in
         the minds of those who may be afflicted with a similar
         malady, that there  may yet be a possibility of getting
         it removed—at any rate it Avould  be Avell for all such,
         while they have the opportunity, to apply to so skillful
         an operator.  The  Avriter says :

           " Miss Sarah Hawley, of the ToAvnship of Malahide,
         in the  County of Middlesex, was born  blind, and for
         twenty-one years she groped her  Aveary Avay through
         life, in totaf darkness.  The disease which had entirely
         obscured her  visual organs  Avas  Cataract, and in the
         hope that something might be done for  her  by Dr. F.
<        A. Cadwell, Oculist and Aurist, of Toronto, the friends
         of the blind girl brought her to Brantford a few Aveeks
         since, Avhere the Doctor was professionally sojourning.
         An examination was made, and the Doctor pronounced 
182            OPINIONS OF TRE PRESS.
his patient curable, and on the 21st he made an opera-
tion upon her eyes, Avith complete success.
   To describe the sensations of the young  lady when
the first welcome ray of light entered her hitherto
sightless orbs, Avould be beyond our  power.   In  an
instant, as if by magic,  the idea of  material things
which she had cherished so many years through the
sense of feeling, were entombed in memory.   A new
and bright Avorld, full of light and life, full of wonder
and  admiration—terrible, because hitherto  unknown,
in its realized beauty  and  grandeur, arose before her.
She looked and trembled ; she shook from head to foot
like an  aspen leaf; and unable to utter a  Avord, she
gazed in wild astonishment on  the scene  before her.
When her emotion  had somewhat  subsided, Dr. Cad-
Avell enquired if  she  saw him.  'Yes,' said she, 'I see
you.   Oh! how  white you  look.'   Subsequently  she
noticed a pair of brass candlesticks in the room, and
inquired Avhat they were.   On being informed, she Avas
incredulous.  The ideas Avhich  she had formed of a
candlestick were  far different from those which her new-
born sight conveyed.   The candlesticks were brought
to her—she  handled  them  and exclaimed,  ' Oh  yes!
they  are  candlesticks—how bright they  look.'   Dr-
Cadwell showed her his gold Avatch, and inquired if
she kneAv what it Avas.  She  answered in the negative,
and on being informed, she said, ' Wrhat a queer thing
it is ;  both sides  of it are not alike.'
   We may add,  that the young lady's sight is daily
improving in strength, and  that she returned  to her
home in Malahide, a  few  days  since,  rejoicing  in  the 
OPINIONS  OF  THE PRESS.            183
           HOPE FOR THE AFFLICTED.
                [From the New York Times. 1837.]

  A tumor of enormous size, weighing  61 lbs.,  and
measuring  nearly thirty inches in  circumference,  was
successfully removed on Thursday last, June 2 2d, from
the breast  of a female, 32 years of age, by a promising
young surgeon of  this city, Dr. F« A. Cadwell, Avho
operated Avith  mature skill and  unshaken confidence.
The tumor, Avhich included the Avhole mamma, extended
from the breast-bone to the arm-pit of her  right side,
occupying  an immense surface, and  connected with the
ribs at several points.   This great mass of diseased
matter Avas of four  years' standing, and for  several
months its burdensome Aveight compelled the  patient
to support  it in a sort of sack suspended from the neck.
Twenty-three  arteries were secured  during the  nice
operation.   I had the pleasure of examining this exten-
sive morbid specimen since its removal, at the  office
of the surgeon, 87 East Broadway, and  consider it a
great natural curiosity.   The patient, whom I have also
seen,  is in good cheer, and her appearance bespeaks
and indicates a speedy restoration of famous health.
               IMPORTANT OPERATION ON THE EYE.

                       [From the Hamilton Gazette, Feb. 28,1S52.]
1
            On Tuesday last, Ave  witnessed a very difficult and
          important operation performed  on the  eye  of a Mr.
          Culham, Avho resides in the vicinity  of Toronto, by Dr. 
184
OPINIONS  OF  THE PRESS.
Cadwell, Oculist, of this city.  The operation consisted
in the removal of a cancerous tumor about the size of
a common hickory nut, Avhich had groAvn from the back
part of the socket of the eye, and behind the  ball on
the side nearest the nose.  It was about  1 a inches deep,
from the surface, taking root  near the optic nerve  and
artery, and had thrown the  eye forward and outward
for half an inch either way, causing much pain  and
uneasiness, and  producing great deformity and partial
loss of vision.  Dr. Cadwell was assisted in this opera-
tion, by Drs.  Hunter and Duggan, and its removal was
successfully completed in about twenty minutes.  Much
skill and judgment of necessity is required to conduct
such an operation, owing to  its importance and close
proximity to  the brain, and we  can only say that the
operation was skillfully and  satisfactorily performed.
The disease Avas  of such a nature as to make a surgical
operation indispensable to preserve life,  and had been
only two months since  it Avas first discovered  by the
patient, who,  becoming alarmed for his ultimate safety,
sought for relief, Avhich  we trust, by his bold and de-
cided measure, he will  ultimately obtain.   We learn,
upon enquiring, that the patient is doing well, and  is
likely soon to recover both sight and  health.

   We  would here take occasion to  remark that Dr.
Cadwell's practice in this  city  has, as  we  have been
repeatedly informed, been attended Avith most desirable
success—and   many  afflicted  with blindness, deafness
and other defects of these delicate organs, have found
relief at his hands.   We learn that at the solicitation
of several  patients  and others,  he has consented to
remain a few  weeks longer. 
OPINIONS  OF  TUE PRESS.
185
                         AN ARTIFICIAL EYE.

(                             [From the Provincialist.]

            We Avitnessed, a feAV days ago, a  very  interesting
          operation.  Mr. Isaac  Kelly, near Ancaster, Avho Avas
          deprived of the use of one of  his  eyes Avlien a boy—
          the part had  completely fallen  in—placed himself in
          the hands of Dr. Cadwell, by Avhom a false eye, a perfect
          likeness of Mr. Kelly's good eye, Avas  introduced upon
          the remains of the injured one.   The change was aston-
          ishing ; it completely transformed a half-withered fellow
          mortal into a fresh, youthful human being, making him
          appear at least ten years younger than he Avas  ten
          minutes before.  The operation was attended with very
          little pain, and the  neAv eye partakes of the same mo-
^         tions as Mr. Kelly's sound eye. No person could perceive
          the difference  ; it has but one defect, it cannot see.
            We might add that the crowds who daily attend Dr.
          Cad well's rooms, afford the  best evidence of how his
          skill  in operations on the eye and ear, are appreciated.
          Indeed, until Dr. C. came amongst us, we never supposed
          that  so many  persons  were  afflicted  Avith  diseases of
          those useful organs.
       OPERATIONS ON THE EYE AND EAR.
                 [From the London Odd Fellow.]

  We have no hesitation in stating that this gentleman's
operations on the eye and ear, in upwards of seventy
cases, during his stay in London, have been most sue- 
186
OPINIONS OF THE PRESS.
cessful, and have given the greatest satisfaction.  Many
persons will take leave of the Doctor Avith regret, and
some scores of persons have good cause to rejoice and
be thankful that he has visited London.  The individual
cases are too numerous to particularize, and those which
came under his successful treatment have been already
multiplied  to  an extent Avhich requires no  additional
evidence for convincing the public that Dr. Cadwell is
not only a scientific clever man, but a first-rate practical
Surgeon.  He will visit London early in the Spring.
                  EYE AND EAR.

                  [From the Kingston Whig.]

  Dr. Cadwell.—This very eminent Oculist and Aurist,
after a most successful sojourn in Kingston, will leave
this  city to-day for  Belleville  carrying Avith him the
heart-felt thanks and good wishes of his numerous pa-
tients, many of whom he has perfectly cured, and  all
of Avhom  he  has  most  successfully  treated.   To our
country friends and readers in and about Belleville, Ave
can safely and  cordially recommend  Dr. CadAvell as a
practitioner who will fulfill all he undertakes to perform.
lie cannot restore sight to the totally blind, nor hearing
to the deaf, but he can and will remove disease wherever
it is practicable, and Avithin the reach of art and science.
Dr. Cadwell is no Charlatan, but a regularly bred and
licensed Physician and Surgeon, Avho has devoted years
of study in obtaining a thorough knoA\ledge of his most
difficult branches of the Profession.  The irregularity
of " advertising," which subjects him occasionally to ill- 
               OPINIONS OF THE PRETS.            187

natured remarks, in a country like Canada, is an irreg-
ularity of necessity—for were he to wait on  patients
unannounced, such is the jealousy among Medical men
here that he would be obliged to leave the place he visits,
ere any one Avould be acquainted Avith his presence.
             SIGHT RECOVERED, ETC.
               [From the St. Catherines Constitutional.]

   Dr. Cadwell.—It has been our privilege, within the
last week, to see  this gentleman perform several opera-
tions of a somewhat serious  nature, with  the greatest
success.  Two of the subjects operated on were  cases
of complete blindness from cataracts on the eyes.  The
first was that of a young man avIio was deprived of his
sight for the last five years, but who Avas  immediately
relieved, and is noAv doing well.   The  other  case Avas
that of a little boy of five years  old, Avho was  born
blind,  but who now sees clearly,  under the  excellent
treatment of the Doctor.   His delight at seeing the
different objects  seemed great indeed, and he is noAv
doing well, and enjoying all the " blessings of the light."
Several important operations have also been  made on
the ear, with equal success.   We advise all those afflict-
ed to avail themselves of Dr. C.'s services, while  he  is
in town.


        CRITICAL  SURGICAL OPERATION.
             [From the Toronto Globe, March 20th, 18£7.]
  John Wilson,  of  Peterborough,  aged twenty-three
years,  had an operation performed  on  his  eye  by Dr.
Cadwell, of this city, for the  removal of a large tumor, 
188            OPINIONS OF THE  PRESS.

which was first discovered about  thirteen years  ago.
The disease commenced at the bottom of his right eye,
behind the  ball, and had  attained an  enormous  size,
completely forcing the eye  from its  socket, and  pro-
ducing dreadful deformity.   This  diseased mass Avas
successfully removed, a day or tAVO since, by Dr.  Cad-
Avell, assisted by Drs. Aikins, Ogden and Rowell.   The
patient, Ave learn, is  doing well, and but little  doubt is
felt as to his speedy recovery.  A  truthful sketch Avas
made of the patient, exhibiting the appearance of the
eye before the  operation, Avhich may be seen  on appli-
cation to Dr. C.   The disease partook  of two  charac-
ters. A*iz: fibrous and steotomatous.
MAIN ARTEBY OF THE NECK TIED, AND A TUMOR
            REMOVED FROM THE EYE.
                 [From the AVatertown Register.]

  It is  Avith great pleasure that Ave give place to the
following tribute to professional skill.  From our infor-
mation,  had Ave not believed it richly merited, Ave should
have promptly declined to give it publicity.  Regarding
it as Ave do, Ave  invite the  attention of our readers to
the facts therein set forth :
  "Mr. Editor:—AHoav me, through your columns, to
call the  attention of the public to an operation performed
September 10th, 1840, on Mrs. Grout Hossington, of
Ellisburgh, by  Dr. F.  A.  CadAvell,  of  Watertown, for
an aneurismal affection of the face, commonly called an
aneurism  by anastimosis  or pulsating tumor,  to cure
which it became necessary to take up and apply a liga-
ture to the common Carotid or main artery of the neck. 
OPINIONS OF THE  PRESS.
180
It is an operation Avhich is very seldom performed, and
is attended Avith great risk and danger.  I have been
myself a practising physician for ten  years in the city
of NeAV York, and never before had an opportunity of
Avitnessing the  operation.   The tumor  was large, and
occupied the Avhole  right  side of the face, extending
from the orbit, crowding the nose to the left side, and
producing great  deformity.  It  had  been about one
year  in  progress, but lately its  growth  had been  so
rapid, and became so exceedingly painful, that the pa-
tient decided upon  an operation as the only means of
saving her life.  Mrs. H., though  sixty years of age,
and of nervous temperament, bore  the  operation with
astonishing fortitude, being fully confident that  it Avas
a necessary expedient.
  Doctors Eastman and Jones, together with myself,
were present at the  operation, and will no doubt cheer-
fully bear Avitness to the skillful manner in Avhich it was
performed.
  I have merely to add, that the result Avas perfectly
successful.  I  saAv Mrs. H. a  day or two since;  her
general health is good, the ligature has come away, and
the  tumor has entirely vanished.  In fact, she  is re-
stored to her family—a living eAridence of the triumph
of surgery.   With great respect, I remain,
                   Yours, &c,
                            JNO. BINSSE, M. D.
       CATARACT OF THE EYE EXTRACTED.

  We  would also call attention to an exhibition of the
same gentleman's surgical skill in operating  upon the
eye of Mrs. ToAvne, of Factory Village.  The lady had 
190
OPINIONS  OF  THE PRESS.
been totally blind for six  months, and in one  eye for
four years; she is  noAv  60 years of age.  The opera-
tion, Ave are  told, is one of the most difficult character,
and  requiring professional skill second to no operation
ever undertaken by surgical hands.
   We had the pleasure of Avitnessing the operation, and
have frequently heard it  spoken of in terms highly com-
plimentary to the professional acquirements of Dr. Cad-
Avell.  The disease  requiring  the operation,  is termed,
in professional parlance,  a cataract.  The operation was
the  "extraction of  the cataract," through an artificial
opening made by a  knife in the anterior portion of the
eye.   The result, as Ave are happy  to learn, has more
than realized the expectations of Mrs. Towne and her
friends—no sooner Avas the  convex lens of the eye ex-
extracted,  than the hght of clay burst in upon the aged
matron, who had endured a night so long and tedious.
She  is now, as Ave  learn, fast recovering, and will, in
all probability, ere long,  with  health and sight, be pre-
pared for the discharge of her duties as a useful mem-
ber of society.
              DELICATE OPERATION.
              [From tho Montreal Herald, Sept. 15,1S16.]

  Yesterday Ave had  the pleasure of seeing a patient
of Dr. Cadwell, upon Avhoni he had operated for deafness
and dumbness.   She is a young lady of less than fifteen
years of age, and had, as Ave were informed, been deaf
and mute from her birth, although both of these afflic-
tions had been lessened for some years past.   Dr. Cad-
Avell haying been consulted, was led  to believe that the
seat of the disease  was in the throat, where he remarked 
OPINIONS  OF  THE PRESS.
191
two  vascular  tumors; he  accordingly removed these
excrescences,  and  has succeeded, as  he believes, in
effecting a cure.  The young lady appeared to hear the
ticking  of a closed watch  with great facility,  though
she Avas unable to  do so Avhen it Avas open previous to
the operation.   She did not appear able to pronounce
more than a  feAV French Avords, and these Avith some
difficult};, but a gentleman avIio accompanied her (her
uncle Ave believe) appeared extremely satisfied Avith the
result in the improvement of her hearing.
                OPERATIONS ON THE EYE AND EAR.
                          [From the Montreal Transcript.]
            It is highly gratifying to learn that Dr. CadAvell, the
         eminent  and skillful Oculist from New York, is working
         miracles in the Avay of  restoring lost and injured sight
         and hearing.  We  are  informed that many  hopeless
         cases  of  blindness  and deafness have been  restored
         perfectly by this  gentleman, Avithin the last two  or
         three Aveeks—and  that  diseases of  the eye and ear of
         the most formidable character, have  been most success-
         fully treated by him, AAThile many others are under pro-
         cess of treatment.   We have heard his operations and
         their success spoken of in terms highly complimentary,
         and Ave sincerely hope he will receive  merited patron-
         age from those who need such assistance.


                      DR. CADWELL'S LECTURES,
l
                          [From the Slierbrooke Gazette.]
            The lectures of  Dr. Cadwell on the eye  and ear,
         which were  announced last week, were well attended, 
192
OPINIONS OF THE PRESS.
and as far as Ave have learned, gave general satisfaction.
I lis illustrations, with anatomical specimens both of the
eye and ear, of the structure of these delicate organs,
and  the diseases to-Avhich they  are subjected, Avere
highly interesting, and showed the importance of pos-
sessing the highest  skill by the  practitioner who  at-
tempts to treat the complaints to which they are subject.
                THE EYE AND EAR,
                 [From the Sherbrooke Gazette.]

  We solicit the attention of our readers to the notice
of Dr. CadAvell, Oculist  and Aurist, from Montreal.
Dr. CadAvell brings testimonials of skill and ability in
his profession, of the highest character, from such med-
ical men as Dr. Marsden, of Quebec, and Dr. Valentine
Mott, of New York, and  also from a great number of
his patients, who all unite in bearing unqualified testi-
mony in his favor.   Those who are afflicted in either of
the above organs, Avill  do Avell to  avail  themselves of
the opportunity  noAv afforded for obtaining relief.
                   EYE AND EAR.
                  [From the Hamilton Journal.]

  We are happy to inform those parties suffering from
complaints of those delicate organs, that Dr. CadAvell
intends remaining in this city until the  15th of April
next—therefore all requiring medical aid for defect of
either vision or hearing, had better avail themselves of
the generally acknoAvledged  skill of this eminent ope-
rator. 
OPINIONS OF THE PRESS.
193
            [From the Chicago Sunday Leader, Feb. Cth, 1859 ]
        SKILLFUL  SURGICAL OPERATION.
   A  YOUNG GIRL BLIND FROM BIRTU INSTANTLY MADE TO SEE!

  We were invited to witness a surgical  operation  on
Thursday last, the results of Avhich Avere so gratifying
to all present—particularly so to the  subject—that Ave
take pleasure in giving publicity to the occurrence.
  Miss Alice C. Wedge, daughter  of Joseph Wedge,
farmer, of Plattsville,  Kendall Co., aged eight and a
half years, has been blind from her birth, until Thurs-
day last, Avhen she instantly received sight, through a
skillful operation performed by Dr.  F. A.  CadAvell, late
of Toronto, C. W., and noAv of this  city.   The  opera-
tion Avas performed in presence of several distinguished
medical gentlemen of this  city, and others, who  ex-
pressed themselves in glowing language over its happy
results.  The disease Avhich had so completely obscured
the A'ision of the  child is termed, in professional par-
lance, cataracts;  to remove which requires great  skill,
a steady hand, and a perfect knoAvledge of that delicate
organ, the  eye.   The  whole  time consumed in  the
operation did not exceed a  half minute—the hght of
day at once burst in upon those hitherto sightless eyes,
and she had a realizing sense of the grandeur of  mate-
rial things before  her.  It Avas intensely interesting to
Avitness the  surprise  depicted  upon  her  countenance,
as A'arious articles Avere  exhibited  to her.   She knew
nothing about them!   Even a hand held before her  she
(iould not designate by name.   But  she will not long
remain unfamiliar Avith  the  beauties which  this new-
born faculty wTill disclose to  her vision;  and among the
                          o 
194
OPINIONS OF THE PRESS.
pleasant and delightful objects she Avill be  permitted
to look upon, Ave opine the face of Dr. F. A. CadAvell
will be the  one most  calculated to inspire her with
heart-felt enthusiasm and admiration.
   Dr. CadAvell, a feAV  days  since, performed  a very
successful operation upon the eyes of a Mr.  Samuel
Sherman, who  had been  blind for several years, noAv
stopping  at  the house of  P. W. Gates, Esq.,  of this
city.   It  consisted in extracting a cataract through an
artificial opening made Avith a knife in  the  front of the
eye.   In  less than ten minutes after the operation, Mr.
Sherman  could readily recognize those he kneAV, though
he had not been able to do so for years.
  We take pleasure in adding that Dr. Cadwell's oper-
ations during his  sojourn amongst us, in  upwards of
one hundred and fifty cases, lnrve been  most successful.
As  an oculist and aurist, he is unquestionably the most
skillful practitioner in the West, and  Ave  heartily con-
gratulate him on his success.  Those Avho have been
made happy through  his timely  aid, will  doubtless
echo our sentiments.
           [From the Chicago Sunday Leader, July 24th, 1359.]

                 SURGICAL  SKILL.

   The  name  and fame  of Dr. F. A. CadAA'ell, Oculist
and  Aurist, of this city, is becoming so extensively
knoAvn throughout the North-West, that it seems hardly
necessary to make farther allusions thereto.   But as a
just  tribute to his skill, the writer of this feels  called
upon to certify to the  unexpected and lasting relief he
has experienced from the Doctor's treatment.   One of
the editors of this paper has  been afflicted  for  thirty 
OPINIONS  OF  THE PRESS.
195
years with a very  unpleasant and distressing disease
of the ears, Avhich has subjected him to much mortifi-
cation and annoyance, causing partial deafness.   Five
or six sittings  under Dr.  Cadwell's  treatment  has
effected a radical  cure, and  Ave  are noAv  completely
restored.
  A  young lady  from  Kenosha, whose  otherwise
attractive and  beautiful face Avas seriously disfigured
by a  pair of  "cross-eyes," had  them  both straight-
ened through an operation at the Doctor's  hands, and
although  Nature had  been lavish in  her  gifts  Avith
the lady, her friends  all admit that Art has  finished
the picture most admirably.  And yet the operation
Avas almost instantaneous, and unattended Avith pain.
  Other instances of extraordinary success in surgery
by Dr. CadAvell might  be mentioned, but it is sufficient
to say that Avherever human aid is  of any avail, the
blind  and deaf  always  receive  speedy relief by his
superior treatment.  We are pleased to add that the
Doctor's business is a profitable  one. 
JOHN"  WILSON",   Jr.,
OF PETERBOROUGH,
FViolcgrapheu iv IsuI'mju, Tcronlo.
          ^s»  ZZS  ./\.:E»:E:»:E3.A.:FL:E3D
A few minutes before submitting to an operation for the
extirpation of  a  diseased  Eye, Avhich had existed for
THIRTEEN YEARS.  The entire Eye, with its accompa-
nying disease, was successfally removed by an operation
performed on the 17th March, 1857, by Dr. F. A. Cadwell,
of Toronto.  The mass  when removed  measured three
and a half by two inches, and weighed nearly four ounces.
Complete recovery in thit> een days. 
CASES  AND  OPERATIONS.
   The following cases, as drawn from my journal, will
give a tolerably good idea of the  various causes which
operate to promote diseases of the  Eye and Ear, and
the time that is usually  required to effect a cure or
produce such change as the  nature of the  case  will
admit.  Many of these cases  will be found highly
interesting to the reader, being the most extraordinary
on record; and at the same time they  furnish  ample
proof of the almost miraculous triumph of science over
disease, and that, too, under circumstances almost AAith-
out hope:

                    CASE  1.
      Description  of the Case of  JOHN WILSON.
  John Wilson,  Jr.,  of Peterborough, aged twenty-
three years, accompanied by his  father, made applica-
tion to me on the 10th  of  March, 1857, to obtain my
opinion and  advice respecting a disease of  his right
eye, Avhich made  its  appearance thirteen years  previ-
ously, and Avhich  had of late years begun to  assume a
most formidable and alarming  character.  He had con-
sulted Avith prominent and  skillful  medical men, both 
198             CASES  AND OPERATIONS.

in the Old Country and likeAvise here, and  as he was
greatly alarmed at its  enormous size and rapid growth,
he sought to obtain my opinion.   After a careful exam-
ination, I had no hesitation in advising an operation for
the removal of the  entire mass, the  eye included, as
the only means of saving life, and stated at the  same
time that the operation Avould be attended Avith  great
risk and danger to life, as well as being extremely diffi-
cult to perform.  The  father assumed the responsibility
in behalf of the son, and a consultation of physicians
Avas called, Avho perfectly  coincided  Avith me in my
vieAvs, and after a feAV days' preparation, the operation
AATas fixed for the 17th of March, at 12 o'clock.

                 THE OPERATION.

   The day arrived, and all  parties being ready, the
operation  was  performed  by myself, Avith the  able
assistance of Drs. Aikins, Ogden  and  RoAvelL   There
Avere also present a  number of other medical gentlemen
and medical students, and a feAV curious  spectators.
Chloroform  Avas administered to  the  patient,  but  he
could not  be got completely  under its influence, and
therefore  suffered considerably  from  the  pain.   The
operation being attended Avith great danger, owing to the
supply of  important blood-vessels, Avas necessarily con-
ducted Avith great care and caution, and  occupied the
space of one hour, including several interruptions, for
the purpose of resting the patient, and  enabling the
operator to more carefully examine the progress and
condition of the Avork; and at one o'clock the entire
mass  Avas  removed,  doAvn  to  the very bottom of the
socket, and Avhen examined presented an irregular mass
of fatty and fibrous matter, measuring  three and a half 
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
199
inches in length, by tivo  inches in Avidth, and Aveighed
nearly four ounces.  The patient  suffered considerably
by  loss of blood, and pain, but had  no bad symptoms
follow;  he was attended daily for a week or more, and
his  wound gave him but little pain.   The whole socket
rapidly filled  Avith  healthy granulations, and  without
excess  of inflammation, and he  Avas able to visit me
at my  office  on the  eleventh day after the operation
Avas performed; and as he was then gaining in health
and strength fast, he Avas allowed to return to Peter-
borough Avith  his father on the thirteenth  day,  fully
recovered, leaving  behind a mass of  corruption and
disease Avhich had caused  him  much  suffering,  both
mental and physical, for a period of  thirteen years.
  The father  informed me  that he  consulted several
eminent medical gentlemen  before leaving  Ireland, in
1850, but that none of them would undertake to remove
it, and therefore the disease had attained a much greater
size since, and giA'en more occasion for alarm.
  This morbid specimen I have preserved, and shall at
any time  take pleasure  in  showing  it  to  any of the
medical profession, or  others Avho may be curious to
see it.
                      CASE 2.

Certificate of Miss HAWLEY, Blind from Birth, Twenty-
  One Years.—Received her  Sight by an operation per-
  formed by Dr. Cadwell.

   This is to  certify that Miss Sarah Hawley, of Mala-
hide ToAvnship, in the London  District, Canada West,
aged  twenty-one years, (an orphan,)  Avas  born Avith
Cataracts, and Avas in consequence entirely blind. 
200
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
  She remained  destitute of sight  during the Avhole
course of her natural life, not haA'ing the  least power
of vision, till Thursday, the 28th day of October, 1852.
She then submitted to an operation for the removal of
her cataracts, which AAras successfully performed by Dr.
F. A. CadAvell, of Toronto, then at Brantford, in pres-
ence  of the  undersigned and  several  of  her family,
Avhen she instantly received sight in both eyes.
  With very little suffering from the  commencement,
she has continued to improve in the strength and poAver
of her vision, until she can noAv see objects, both large
and small, quite distinctly, and is constantly improving.
Being noAv able  to return home  to her friends with
health and sight, she feels confident that  she  will soon
be able to take an active part in the enjoyment of the
hcav and beautiful scenes that continually dance before
her newT-born Adsion.

  I, the subscriber, being uncle and guardian of the
aforesaid Sarah HaAvley, certify  to  the  correctness of
the foregoing statement.
                 (Signed,)        DAVID  SAGE.

  The above-named David Sage maketh  oath and saith
that the above  statement is perfectly true and  correct.

  Sworn before  me, at Brantford,  in  the County of
Brant, this 10th day  of November, 1852.
                (Signed,)      A. K. SMITH, J. P.

  I, the subscriber, having  the  office of Assistant to
Doctor CadAvell,  in  operating on the   eyes  of Miss 
CASES  AND OPERATIONS.
201
llawley, can testfy to the foregoing  statement, and to
the skill  and success with which it was performed.
The operation was performed in  less than one  minute
on each eye, and the sight was instantaneously restored,
far exceeding my most sanguine expectations.

          (Signed,)       JIRA  SKINNER. M. D.

Sworn before A. K. Smith, J. P.
  Brantford, Nov. 10th. 1852.
                     CASE 3.

Child Five Years of Age, Blind from Birth.—Received his
  Sight by an operation performed by Dr. Cadwell.

  This  is to certify, that my son, Samuel J. Taylor,
has been blind from his birth, having been  born  with
cataracts in both eyes.  He was operated on by Dr.
CadAvell, at St. Catherines, on the  17th day of ApriL
1852.   I have merely to  say  that  the operation was
performed in a minute, in the presence of  several  med-
ical gentlemen and others, and the child seemed not to
suffer in the least  from the operation, or at at any time
since.   I am glad  further to sate that  the  result has
been  entirely satisfactory.   His sight was in  some
degree immediately given him, and has since continued
to improve,  and we have every confidence  that in a few
weeks it will be perfect.  He can  now see the  most
minute objects, but does not appear to  appreciate dis-
tances, owing, as  Ave  believe, to a want of practice. 
202            CASES AND OPERATIONS.

He is as cheerful and lively  as  ever, and  has never
for a minute complained since the operation Avas made.

            (Signed,)             WM. TAYLOR.

Witnesses:
   J. PHILIPS LEE,
   J. RICHARDSON,
                 Editors St.  Catharines Constitutional.

   St. Catharines, May 1st,  1852.
                     CASE 4.
Congenital  Cataract and  Total  Blindness in an Infant
                Thirteen Months old.

  This was the daughter  of  William Hill, of  Hay
Township,  C  W.   The  operation  Avas made on the
25th of January, 1856, and good vision was the result
within ten days from the day of operation.  No inflam-
mation or suffering followed, and the little creature Avas
soon able to follow objects about the room,  as  they
would move before it, and appeared to take great de-
light in exercising its neAv-born faculty.
  There is  but little doubt  of the  success of these cases
when they  are treated in good time, and the operation
has been skillfully performed ;  and though it may be-
come necessary, under some  circumstances, to repeat
the operation, it is  not attended AA'ith danger, and the
result is generally of the most gratifying nature.   The
pain which attends  this  operation  is so  trifling  as
scarcely to  be remembered. 
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
203
                     CASE 5.

This case  is interesting, as showing the oonnection of
 disease between the membrane of the Throat and the
 Chamber of the Ear.
  Miss Priscilla Griffin, aged  eighteen  years, daughter
of Richard Griffin,  Esq., J. P., Smithville, C. W., con-
sulted me in the month of December, 1856, for a very
severe form of deafness, caused by cold, accompanied
by a most profuse discharge of foetid  purulent  matter
from both ears, Avhich  she had had for upwards of
twelve years.
  This  young lady had also a cough, of some  years1
standing, and of a most violent character, Avhich baffled
the ingenuity  of the most  skillful of the medical pro-
fession, many of Avhom had at various times been con-
sulted, but all had  failed  in giving  any  permanent
relief.   The  hearing was  very dull  Avhen she first
applied to me, and  the  voice required to be elevated
considerably to enable her to understand.  No ordinary
conversation could  be heard  by  her, and her eyes,
which were dark and full of expression, seemed to per-
form the office required by comprehending rather than
by hearing.
  At the first examination  of this  young lady's case, I
remarked to her friends that  there was a close con-
nection betAveen the  chamber of the  ear  and  the
membrane of  the  throat, for  the ear  could  not be
touched without throwing the young lady into a violent
paroxysm of  coughing  Avhich  would  continue for an
hour.  With this view of the case I proceeded to treat
mv patient, and at the end of two months I had  the
satisfaction  of finding that the cough had been com- 
204
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
pletely subdued, and the discharge from both  ears
nearly or quite arrested.  Her hearing was good, even
better than many who considered their hearing perfect
She Avas able to visit me daily, and left me at the end
of nine Aveeks from the commencement, and  returned
to her family a happier and healthier woman than Avas
ever believed she  could  be—nearly free from cough,
with  sound  lungs,  healthy  ears, and good hearing, a
model specimen of robust health;  cheeks full and rosy,
eyes bright and clear, Avith  a  voice strong and  full,
giving additional proof that a most wonderful change
had been  Avrought, to the amazement of all Avho knew
her.

   We, the undersigned, referred to in the  aboA^e case,
hereby certify, that the statement therein made is  per-
fectly true and correct.
            (Signed,)       PRISCILLA GRIFFIN,
                          RICHARD  C. GRIFFIN.
 Witnesses :
   F. G. Stanley,
   Chas. E. Wall.
                     CASE  6.
               Chronic Inflammation.
  Master Samuel Bidder, aged nine years, son of S. P.
Bidder, Esq., Engineer of Grand Trunk Railway, Mon-
treal, Avas placed under my care in the summer of 1854,
for a chronic disease of the eyes, Avhich attacked him
some two years previously, while  residing  in  London,
England.  His father had consulted the most  eminent
medical gentlemen in the Old County, who gave it as
their opinion that it was a constitutional disease, which 
               CASES AND OPERATIONS.            £05

would not leave him until he arrived at manhood.  He
was, however,  induced  to  think otherwise, and after
arriving in Canada with his  son, he Avas  recommended
to apply  to me, by  parties who had been similarly
afflicted, and aa ho had received successful treatment  at
my hands.  The lad A\Tas left Avith me for the period of
thirty days, at Toronto, when it Avas thought unneces-
sary for him to remain longer, his disease having en-
tirely passed aAvay, and his  general  health, which was
preATiously very delicate, being fully established.   He
has continued to enjoy the full advantage  gained, now
five years past, both as regards his  sight  and  general
health.
                        CASE  7.
                    Ulcers on the Eye.
     Miss Amanda Bocline, of Fingal, aged  sixteen, was
  placed  under my care  by Dr. TraAers,  of the same
  place, for a severe attack of Corneal Inflammation of
,  both Eyes, which, at the time I saw her, threatened the
  destruction of the eyes.  The cornea had sloughed, and
  the delicate membrane Avas highly  inflamed, having a
  portion of the blue curtain of the eye, or iris, entangled
  in the opening.
     However, by timely treatment, I succeeded in sub-
  duing the inflammation and healing the breach, and at
  the end of five Aveeks she returned home with her eyes
  entirely well, and the sight completely  restored.   This
  young lady was treated by Dr. Travers for two  years,
  but  Avithout being able to reach the case.   In this case
  the disease was purely  local, her general health  being
  perfectly good. 
206
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
                     CASE 8.
           Deafness of Ten Years' standing.
  Duncan Sinclair, aged twelve years, son of the ReAT.
Dougald Sinclair, residing in London District, has been
very deaf for ten years, arising, as his parents believe,
from measles.
  At the time I received him under my care, he could
scarcely hear ray Avatch at his  ears, but  at  toe  end  of
three weeks he was dismissed cured, being then able  to
hear the same watch twelve feet distant, and all noise
and  other unpleasant symptoms  had entirely  ceased.
  London, December 15th, 1853.
                     CASE 9.
       Deafness of Twenty-Five Years' standing.
  Charles H-----, aged about  forty  years, has  been
deaf for the last twenty-five years, occasioned by  cold.
Has a constant noise in both ears, and could not  hear
common conversation, unless very near him.   His health
was in other respects good.  By the regular use of the
Press, or Air Douche, for  six weeks, the hearing was
raised from one inch to twenty inches  on the right, and
from six inches to ten feet on the left,  and the hearing
continues to improve.
                     CASE  10.
            Deafness from blowing Bugle.
  James C----, of the Royal  Artillery, aged twenty
years, deaf three years from forcibly blowing a corno-
peon, thereby  bursting  the drum of the right ear. 
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
207
Hearing entirely gone at the time of commencing treat-
ment, and a profuse discharge is  constantly going on.
After  five Aveeks' attendance, the  patient found  the
discharge  was entirely arrested, and  he could hear a
watch, beat at the distance of several inches from the
ear, and all noise had  entirely subsided.  His general
health  was improved by the treatment,  and in the
Spring of 1852 he resumed his place as musician in the
band to Avhich he belonged when the accident occurred.
                     CASE  11.
                     Cross Eye.
  Edward Fudge, of the  Royal Artillery, applied _ to
me for treatment for weak sight,  which upon examina-
tion proved to be the effect of a Cross Eye, which had
only recently been observed.   An operation was made
and the eye immediately  made straight,  and  with  it
nearly all traces of defective vision vanished.  In ten
days all traces of the operation had disappeared.
                     CASE  12.
                   Artificial Eye.
  Thomas C----, a lawyer, had the misfortune to lose
an Eye by an accident when a  child, and the ball was
considerably wasted and fallen in.  I  was applied to
fur advice, and inserted  an Artificial  Eye, which  he
now wears without the least pain or inconvenience, and
but few of his friends are able to tell the natural from
the artificial Eye.   It performs  all the natural motions 
208            CASES AND OPERATIONS.

of the sound Eye, and its resemblance to it is perfect;
in fact it is scarcely possible to perceive any difference
betAveen the two Eyes at  a few feet distance.
                     CASE 13.
             Deafness from Sea Bathing.
  William Robson, aged fourteen,  has  been  deaf for
two years from sea-bathing.   Hearing very  dull, and
lx)th Ears discharging  matter  of a very  foetid  odor.
Health otherwise good,  but looks rather delicate, Avhich
is peculiar to those Avho have a  constant discharge from
the Eai's.
  Nov. 28.—-He  is  dismissed cured.   Hearing  raised
from a feAV inches to  seven  feet, and the  discharge is
entirely suspended,  Avith a marked  improvement in his
countenance generally.


                     CASE  14.
               Deafness with Discharge.
  Amos Kemp, aged sixteen years,  an apprentice  to
the book-binding business.   Has deafness and discharge
from his left ear for several  years, produced  by cold  ;
hears the  watch only three inches with  this ear, and
finds he is getting worse every year.
  Continued his attendance  for about three weeks from
date of entry, when he  found his hearing raised to five
feet, and the discharge had stopped.  Was dismissed
from regular attendance, and  advised to  call once a
week, that the case might be Avatched.
  May, 1852.—Hearing continues  perfect, and no fur-
ther appearance of  discharge. 
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
209
                    CASE  15.*
               Blindness from Measles.
  Miss  Margaret  Green, aged fifteen, had inflamma-
tion of one eye since she was about four years old, from
Measles, and could  never  get it cured.   It  was cov-
ered with a white  film, and the sight is of little  or  no
use to her.
  Her health being good in other respects, she was put
under a regular course of attendance, and Avas  dismissed
entirely cured on the  first  of December, being only
three Aveeks under treatment.
                     CASE 16.

            Cross-Eye occasioned by a fall.

  Charles McMillen,  aged thirty-five, had a Cross-Eye
since a child, caused by  a fall.   Sight was very imper-
fect in this eye.
  An operation was  made,  and the  eye was straight-
ened immediately.  In a few  days the slight  Avound
made by the operation  healed, and since  that time
there has been a gradual improvement in  the sight of
this eye, and it is noAv nearly equal in strength to the
other.
  No interruption to business  was caused by  this op-
eration,  except  on the  day of the  operation, and no
pain or uneasiness followed it.
  * The persons referred to in Cases 15 to 30, inclusive, were residents of
Kingston, Canada AVest.
                         14 
210
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
                     CASE  17.
             Blindness from Inflammation.
   Mrs.  Maria  Curtis,  aged  twenty-five years.   Had
suffered for four years Avith a chronic inflammation  of
her eyes, supposed to have come from  cold.  She Avas
nearly blind at the time of commencing  treatment with
me, being able merely to see dark  images before her.
Had been treated for several months together, by med-
ical men in Canada  and the  United States, but to no
effect.
   She commenced  treatment Avith me in NoArember,
1851, and  Avas able in four  weeks  to see Avell; could
readily recognize any one  she knew, and  Avas able to
go about  Avithout  the least trouble or inconvenience.
As she resided some distance from  me, she  was then
allowed to return to her home, provided with suitable
instructions.  She recovered perfect eye-sight in  a few
weeks, and was greatly improved in  her general health,
which had previously been Arery delicate.
                     CASE 18.
              Deafness from Scarlet Fever.
   Robert Miller, aged tAventy-tAvo years.  Deaf since
a child, being the result of scarlet fever.   Both  ears
discharged profusely, and his hearing was  extremely
dull.
   Dec. 7th.—Returned home Avith tolerable good hear-
ing, the discharge having been  entirely arrested, and
all other disagreeable symptoms completely removed. 
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
211
In this case there Avas an opening formed in each drum.
caused by the  long  continuance of his disease, and
this  circumstance prevented  the possibility of giving
perfect hearing.   But the treatment had been so effect-
ual in  every  other respect, that he discontinued his
attendance, quite satisfied that he could hear Avell.
                     CASE  19.

                 Deafness from a fall.

   Wm. Lane, aged twenty-five  years.   Had deafness
and noise in his left ear, caused  by a  fall four  years
previously.
   By the use  of the Air Douche, and other suitable
treatment, his hearing was perfectly restored in  three
weeks, he being then able to hear my watch across the
room, and the noise had entirely subsided.
                     CASE 20.

           Double Cross-Eye from Sickness.

   Miss Mary Watson, aged sixteen years, had a double
convergent Strabismus, or squint, since she Avas  about
three years old, caused  by sickness.   Her  sight Avas
very Aveak and imperfect, and  she  had  double  vision.
Both  eyes Avere operated on, at intervals of four Aveeks,
and tAvo perfectly straight eyes was  the  result.  No
pain or inflammation was experienced  from the opera-
tion,  and the  sight was made good, and the  double
vision disappeared on the eyes  becoming straight, 
212
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
                     CASE 21.
             Blindness from Inflammation.
  Henry Daniels, a child aged three years, blind in one
eye, from inflammation, and the other suffering  much
from sympathy.  Child very dehcate otherwise.
  Treatment in this case Avas directed particularly  to
the constitution, and some  attention Avas  at  the  same
time paid to the eyes.   In a fortnight  there was a
marked improvement in the health and strength of the
child, and a proportionate improvement in the condition
of the  eye.   Tavo Aveeks' further  treatment had the
effect to re-establish both health and eye-sight in the
child, and it continued to thrive and do Avell six months
after it left my attendance.
                     CASE  22.
                Deafness from Croup.
  James Long,  aged nine years.   Had deafness and
discharge from both ears, caused by an attack of Croup.
  In this case, treatment completely arrested the dis-
charge, and made the hearing good in three Aveeks, and
no further trouble has been felt since.
                     CASE 23.
          Loss of Sight from bad treatment.
  Miss Frances Gould, aged forty-tAvo  years.   Is  en-
tirely blind, requiring a conductor, from a severe attack
of inflammation, which has been badly  treated by her
physician. 
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
213
  By careful attendance, she has recovered her  sight.
so as to be able  to  go about, and  can recognize  her
acquaintances,  but OAving  to  improper treatment  and
neglect, she Avill never  recover  perfect sight; though.
under proper direction,  no  defect of  vision Avould have
been perceptible.
                    CASE 24.
Deaf and Dumb from  Scarlet Eever.—Hearing restored.

  Miss Rebecca McAdoo, aged tAventy-tAvo years, had
Scarlet Fever Avhen four years of  age, and at that time
entirely lost her hearing.   Recovering from the fever
sloAvly, she partially recovered her hearing, but never
enough to hear any sound of  the human voice, and
acquired  a  facility  of understanding Avhat Avas said
entirely by the motion of the lips.  At the time I first
saAV her,  Avhich Avas  on the 18th day  of November.
1851,  she could scarcely be said to hear  at  all, and
her speech Avas so imperfect that but feAV could under-
stand AAThat she said.
  This case was too unfavorable  to  afford  much hope
to her  family, though I Avas induced to do so from some
circumstances connected Avith the history of her case.
  Treatment Avas accordingly commenced, and  in less
than three Aveeks she recovered sufficient hearing to be
able to hear wTell.  She  Avould  no longer Avatch  the
countenance, but  would always   apply  her ears, and
give attention.   She can now hear quite Avell,  and  her
speech has also improved Avith her hearing.  She con-
tinues  to use her treatment, and to pay me an occasional
visit.  Her ears, Avhich were  discharging profusely at
the beginning of my  attendance, are  iioav quite dry. 
214
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
and I have no doubt but that in a few months she Avill
be restored to good  hearing, Avithout the  necessity of
raising the voice to make her understand.
  This case, bad as it Avas, proves clearly the advanta-
ges of treatment in  those cases  of deafness Avhich so
frequently result from  scarlet fever, measles, and all
those diseases incident to children.   I may here  men-
tion  an  opinion  in  reference to the management of
such  cases, that in  no  instance  could  a case of this
description be treated, and proper  attention given on
the part of the patient, Avithout  deriving the greatest
advantage therefrom.
                     CASE 25.

          Deafness caused by a Pea in the Ear.

   Robert Carter,  aged seven years.   Has  been deaf
for almost one  year, Avith  discharge  from  both  ears,
caused by sickness.  Can hear my Avatch only six inches
on either side.
   Upon  careful examination, each  ear Avas found to
contain a pea, Avhich had been put there  by the  child
many months previously,   (hving to the manly conduct
of the httle felloAv,  I  extracted the tAvo  peas, Avhich
Avere greatly sAvollen, but not Avithout some difficulty,
as from the shape  of the  ear they had become firmly
Avedged in the auditory passage.   The drum remained
entire, though thickened  and inflamed; but upon the
removal  of  the foreign bodies, the  hearing Avas  soon
restored as good as ever, and the  discharge ceased in
a feAV days. 
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
215
                     CASE  26.
             Blindness from Inflammation.
  Mrs. Margaret Nicliols, aged  sixty-four.   Has suf-
fered for tAventy-four years Avith a chronic inflammation
of her right eye, which has never ceased to be trouble-
some since its commencement, and no  treatment has
ever been found of the least service to her.  Sight use-
less, and the eye very Aveak, and not able to bear the
light of day.   General health good for one of her age,
but the system a Httle out of order.
  Daily treatment Avas followed by me for four Aveeks,
when it Avas thought unnecessary to continue attendance
any longer.   The inflammation had entirely  vanished,
her sight Avas quite clear, and with the exception  of a
slight contraction in the sight of this eye, caused by
the long continuance of the disease, no perceptible dif-
ference could be observed.
                     CASE  27.
           Deafness from Polypus in the Ear.
   John F. Ward, aged thirty-tAvo years.   Had a Poly-
pus in his left ear  for tAventy-seven years.   His  ear
discharges constantly a very  offensive  matter, and  his
hearing in this ear is entirely useless.
   I removed the Polypus by an ingenious little instru-
ment of  my  OAvn invention, and  Avithout giving  the
least pain to the patient.   The effect was to immedi-
ately restore the hearing, Avhich enabled him to hear a
watch tAvo feet off.  A feAV occasional visits put him in 
21G
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
possession of  good hearing, and  no inconvenience is
iioav experienced.   The  Polypus  was as large as  a
grape,  and completely  filled  the  passage of the ear,
giving  rise to discharge, etc.
                     CASE 23.

                 Tear Passage closed.

  Mrs.  Jessie  Patrick, aged twenty-seven.   Had the
tear passage closed, causing the tears to run  o\rer the
face, and thereby giving her much trouble, and Aveak-
ening her sight.  In a feAV days I succeeded in opening
the passages free to the nose, Avithout making an opera-
tion, and the tears now pass freely down their proper
channel.  No  further  inconvenience  has  since  been
experienced.
                     CASE 29.

            Deafness from a Pea in the Ear.

   Miss Patrick, aged four years, put a  pea in her ear
some eight months ago, which could not be got out.
It ultimately caused deafness and a  discharge, and fre-
quently a severe head-ache supervened.
   The child being much frightened, I had great diffi-
culty in removing it, owing to her willful resistance.  It
Avas, hoAvever, extracted, split in halves, and of course
the hearing  AAras  imperfectly  restored.   Subsequent
treatment put all right, and  she is noAv quite well. 
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
217
                     CASE  30.
                Artificial Eye inserted.
  Miss  Sementha B-----, aged  tAventy years.  Lost
her left eye from a severe attack of inflammation.   She
now Avears an Artificial Eye, which I inserted for  her,
and the deception is so good that none but her family
know but that she had the original eye  restored^ and
although it has been whispered among her young friends
that she  wears an Artificial  Eye, still  many do not
credit it.
                     CASE 31.
Blindness caused by Inflammation, and  the injudicious
                   use of Mercury.
  Hugh Brodie, of Chatham, an intelligent lad  fifteen
years of age,  son of Philip P. Brodie,  of the same
place, came to me  one year since, Avith a severe disease
of his eyes, which rendered him entirely blind.  His
case was promptly treated by Dr. Severite, and  others,
of Chatham, but Avithout any  satisfactory results, for
in a short time he Avas entirely Avithout sight,  and was
also crippled by the injudicious use of mercury  admin-
istered  as a means of cure for his diseased eyes.   He
also states  that one of the medical men in^ attendance
endeavored  to  discourage him from placing himself
under my care, as he could himself cure him.
   His father, however, Avas induced to think otherwise,
and accordingly placed him under my care.  The result
is. that he can now see well, though not perfectly, and 
218
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
has resumed his studies at school;  sight is constantly
improAdng, and his general health fully established—a
result which no person Avould haA^e  predicted, from the
almost hopeless condition he Avas in Avhen  first placed
under my care.
   Toronto, April, 1857.

   The above statement I have  just read, and can fully
corroborate Avhat is therein stated.
              (Signed,)          HUGH  BRODIE.
                     CASE 32.
             Deafness from Scarlet Fever.
  Miss Harriet Dillon, aged ten years.   Had deafness
and discharge, of five years' standing, caused by scar-
let fever.   Hearing very  bad, and the discharge pro-
fuse and very offensive.
  Three Aveeks' treatment completely removed all  the
discharge, and the hearing Avas raised from  the  touch
to about four feet.  Treatment Avas still further contin-
ued, Avith marked improvement, and with  every pros-
pect of having perfect hearing at last.
                    CASE  33.
             Cross-Eye from Convulsions.
  Miss Mary Rogers, aged eighteen years, had a Squint
or Cross-Eye since  a  child,  caused by con\Tulsions.
Sight very Aveak and imperfect.   Operation Avas made,
and the eye straightened in less than one minute.  Pa-
tient Avas very nervous;  but  did not complain of the 
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
219
operation.   In ten clays after I saAV her; the eye  was
perfectly straight, and  no  one could tell  that  such a
defect had ever existed.
                     CASE  34.
                    Artificial Eye.
   Conrad Jones, Belleville, N. Y., wears an  Artificial
Eye, which Avas inserted by me.   It gives him no pain
or uneasiness whatsoever, and  the  lost and Avasted
organ is beautifully  supplied  Avith  a substitute  Avhich
ansAvers  every purpose  of the  original  except  sight.
The advantages  of the Artificial Eye are  many.  In
the first place, they protect the old socket by excluding
the cold air; they support the lids, and thereby prevent
the eye from Avasting and  closing, and protect the eye
from the introduction of foreign  particles; and finally,
they so completely resemble  the natural eye, both in
movement and appearance, that no one Avould  discover
the imitation.
                     CASE 35.
       Deafness of Eleven Years' standing cured.
  Mrs. Eliza Bullock, of Trafalgar, C. W., aged thirty
tAvo years, has been A^ery deaf for eleven years, caused
by  cold,  and  had lately  groAvn  much  Avorse.   Her
health being good in other respects, she  Avas placed
under my treatment, and by the use of the Air Douche,
and other means, she Avas cured in eleven days.   It is
noAv several  years since she Avas treated and cured.
She feels  no further trouble, and the noise Avhich Avas
nearly always present  in  this  case, has entirely sub-
sided. 
220
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
                    CASE  3G.
               Disease of the Eye-Lids.
  John Carter, of Toronto ToAAmship, aged  seventeen
years,  had  an  affliction  of the  eye-lids  for  many
years, Avhich came from  Avhooping cough.   The edges
of the lids Avere thickened and inflamed, and on Avaking
in the morning, were firmly glued together by the dis-
charge.   This case Avas cured completely by two weeks'
attendance, and though the  eye-lashes Avere thinned,
and nearly gone, they have  again groAvn quite thick
and healthy.
                     CASE 3 7.
                 Deafness from Cold.
  Miss Bates, of St. Catharines, aged  tAvelve years,
had deafness,  and discharge from one  ear, from cold,
since she Avas  an infant.   Her hearing Avas very dull,
and  the  discharge  abundant  and  offensive.   Three
Aveeks' treatment restored good hearing, and  entirely
arrested the discharge.
                     CASE 38.
                 Deafness from Cold.
  Eli Oil, of St.  Catharines, aged sixteen, had a dis-
charge from his left ear, and deafness in both, since he
Avas six years of age, and is getting Avorse;  is Arery sub-
ject to take cold on slight changes of the Aveather, and
ahvays gets worse at such  times.   Treatment in this 
                CASES AND OPERATIONS.             221

case restored good hearing in both ears,  and  arrested
the discharge, after three Aveeks' attendance. No further
trouble has been experienced since.
                     CASE  39.*
                  Tumor in the Eye.
  Alexander  S.  Robertson, aged  ten years, had  an
encisted tumor in the left eye, of eight years' standing,
the size of a  hickory nut.   It  Avas painful at times,
and groAving rapidly.  I removed it by  an operation,
assisted by Dr Hope, and the wound  healed in a feAV
days, in the most healthy manner.
                     CASE  4 0.
               Disease of the Eye-Lids.
  Miss C. LoAvrey, aged eighteen years.  Had a very-
severe form of disease of the  eye-lids, since a child.
Lids were highly inflamed, and very much thickened,
and the  lashes  nearly all  gone.   After three Aveeks'
daily  attendance, Miss L. Avas dismissed  cured, with
instructions to  continue a little mild treatment for a
fortnight longer.
                     CASE 41.

                  Double Cross-Eye.

  Miss Adeline  Howard, aged tAventy, had a double
convergent squint, of many years' standing,  which was

  * The persons mentioned in Cases 39 to 44, inclusive, are residents of
Belleville, New York. 
222            CASES AND  OPERATIONS.

operated upon Avith perfect success on the 26th of June.
Eyes are iioav both straight and much  improved; and
no pain or inflammation folloAved.
                    CASE  42.
                  Single Cross-Eye.
  Miss Sarah McCord, aged fourteen, had a convergent
squint of one  eye since  a child, and  the  sight  Avas
nearly useless.   Operation Avas  made  on the 5tli  of
June, and in ten  days the eye  Avas perfectly healed,
and the sight greatly improved and improA'ing.
                    CASE  43.
                  Single Cross-Eye.
  Miss Mary A. Wilkins, aged. 16 years; had a conver"
gent strabismus or squint, and Avith little or no sight in
the right Eye since a child, caused by teething-
  I made an operation and put the eye straight in one
minute.   Sight is now good, and the eye looks as  Avell
as ever.  Eye was weak before this operation, but it is
now strong, and the sight is perfect.
                    CASE  44.
         Blind from Cataract—Lens extracted.
  Thomas Long, aged 26 ;  was completely blind from
Lenticular Cataract.  One eye Avas lost by a  previous
operation.  Operation for the  extraction of  the  lens
was performed by me on the  27th of June, with entire
success, and Avith complete restoration of the sight, 
CASES  AND OPERATIONS.             223
                     CASE  45.
             Deafness from Scarlet Fever.
  Miss F. P.  Gould, of Brantford, aged 10 years; had
deafness and discharge from her Ears of a very offensive
nature for the last six years, resulting from scarlet fever.
After three Aveeks' daily attendance, her hearing Avas
considered nearly as  good as ever, and the  discharge
had entirely ceased, with a decided improvement of her
general health.
                    CASE  4 6.
               Disease of the Eye-Lids.
  Miss  N. Farrell, of Paris, aged  16 years; had a dis-
ease of her Eye-lids from  childhood;  sight was not
much impaired, but  the lids were thickened and red,
particularly on waking in  the morning, at which time a
quantity of dry matter was found  adhering the lids
together, and  the lashes had  fallen  and become quite
thin.  Much had  been done by the  parents  of this
young lady to ha\Te her disease removed, but all to no
purpose until chance threw her in my way, and though
she had some  distance to drive each  day, during a cold
and rainy season, still her  disease was completely eradi-
cated in three weeks ; and though a year has elapsed,
she has had no return of her old companion.
                     CASE 47.
Deafness, with Noise in the Ears, of Ten Years' standing.
  John Fisher, of Vittoria, aged 18 years, had deafness,
with more or less singing, in the Ears, for the last ten 
224            CASES AND OPERATIONS.

years.   He was not able to hear a watch beat except
close to his ears, and was getting Avorse from  year to
year.   He was treated for  six Aveeks, receiving daily
sittings, and was at the end of that time dismissed from
further  attendance, being able to hear  common con-
versation readily;  and all noise and  confusion  of the
head had  entirely subsided.   His father, Daniel Fisher,
aged 56 years, Avas deaf twenty years in  one ear, and
was completely cured in one hour,  Avithout  causing  the
least pain.
                    CASE 4 8.
Deafness, with Noise in the Ears, of Twelve Years' stand-
                     ing, cured.
   Henry  Williams, cousin of the above named  John
Fisher, was also deaf for twelve years.  He was similarly
afflicted, and had also great noise, which with his deaf-
ness, had never left him during that period.  He was
also cured of his deafness, and the noise was  removed
by six weeks' attendance with me, and without submit-
ting to any painful or disagreeable treatment.
                     CASE 49.

       Double Cross-Eyes—Physician's Daughter.
  Dr. Bowie, of Brantford, has a daughter aged 9 years
Avho had a double convergent squint, or double Cross-
Eye.   Operation was made on the young Miss, Avho
conducted herself most heroically through  both opera-
tions, which Avere  performed by me at an interval of
one week betAveen each operation.   The result of this
young  lady's courage was a pair of perfectly straight 
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
225
Eyes, which were very badly turned ; and her sight is
greatly improved also.   Though she was only nine years
of age at the time the operation was made, it was done
with her full consent, and Avithout her offering the least
resistance.   She Avell  deserves the reward  she  has
received.
                     CASE 50.
                 Tear Passage Closed.

  J.  Andrews,  aged forty-tAvo years, had both tear
passages closed, and  the  tears constantly passed over
his  face, particularly  in cold and  windy  weather.  He
had an operation made, and a  gold stylet  introduced,
Avhich gave him immediate relief.   This he  Avore for  a
feAV Aveeks; it AAras then remoA^ed, and the passage con-
tinued pervious and  free.  Thus, by  a trifling opera-
tion, he Avas relieved of  a  disease that  had troubled
him for many years.
                     CASE 51.
          Blind Four Years.—Sight restored.
   David  Thompson, of  St.  Thomas,  aged  fifty-five
years, Avas brought to me nearly blind by a chronic
disease of his eyes, of four years' standing.  He could
see but little, and his eyes had  been treated  by some
professed  oculist,  Avho  subsequently proved  to be  an
impostor.   His  disease was one  which is frequently
met Avith  in this Province, and usually arises from cold
and exposure.   The sight becomes dim and misty after
the first stage  of inflammation passes  over,  and this
dimness continues till the patient becomes  quite blind;
                         15 
226             CASES  AND OPERATIONS.

lids look thickened and  red, and  then the Avhole ball
becomes red, and the sight nearly or  quite obscured.
This gentleman AAras completely cured during five weeks'
attendance, so as to be able to manage his  OAvn  busi-
ness, and to read and write.  A slight relapse of inflam-
mation took place in one eye, Avhich-required his attend-
ance again, but in a feAV days it was subdued, and has
continued good ever since.
                     CASE  52.
Deafness of Twelve Years' standing cured in a few hours.
  J. P. McD----, of Vienna, Merchant, Avas deaf, with
noise in his ears, for twelve years.   He applied to me
in the Avinter of 1852, and AA^as completely cured of all
his  deafness in one hour; and by a feAV days' subsequent
attendance, he was entirely relieved of all  noise,  and
returned home Avith perfect hearing.
                     CASE 53.
            Deafness from Pebble in the Ear.
  A small pebble stone Avas remoAred from  the ear of a
little  boy, aged six years, son  of  Gabriel Balfour, of
Kingston, Avhich had been there for six months.   Hear-
ing Avas restored, and the child  perfectly  recovered.
                     CASE 54.
        Blindness from Pustular Inflammation.
  Miss Anne Perry, of Darlington, C. W., aged fifteen
years, Avas for tAvo years a great sufferer AATith  a pecu-
liar form  of inflammation of her eye, called jntsttdar 
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
227
inflammation.   It consists in patches of  little Avhite
pustules or festers, which  form on the  eye, generally
locating on or near the sight, and  continuing for some
days to groAv Avorse—the eyes being very irritable, and
not able to bear the light.   In this state the eyes con-
tinue to get better and worse, until one  or both are
quite destroyed.   Such was her case, and although one
of her eyes Avas  quite blind, she  returned home  with
the sight of both quite restored, and her general health
much improved,  having  been about five Aveeks under
treatment.
                    CASE  55.

          Tear Passage closed.—No operation.

  Mrs. Catherine F-----, of Toronto, had an obstruction
of the tear passage,  of three  years'  standing, which
caused the tears to flow over the cheek  Avhenever  she
Avas exposed to the cold or wind, or in using the eyes
to read or sew, or do any other Avork requiring the par-
ticular use of the organ.  By a feAV days' attention, I
succeeded in removing the obstruction,  and rendering
the passage  free  to the  eye, Avithout submitting  the
patient to an operation, so that she can noAv  use  her
eyes  for all purposes, as  usual, Avithout experiencing
the least  inconvenience.   When this  condition of the
eye is observed, it should be attended  to before  the
disease becomes permanent, in which case an operation
will be required, and  a gold  stylet introduced, which
has to be Avorn for  some Aveeks before a permanent
cure will be- effected.   Under  any  circumstances,  this
disease can be perfectly and permanently cured. 
223            CASES AND OPERATIONS.
                     CASE 56.

              Tear Passages both Closed.

  Philip Dunn, aged twenty-five, had both tear passages
closed for  about five years, and his  eyes Avere  in a
dreadful condition in consequence.  They had gathered
and  broken a number  of times,  and  he AATas  nearly
blind Avhen he consulted me about five years since.
  I  operated  on  both  eyes at the same sitting, and
introduced gold st}rlets, Avhich Avere Avorn by him Avith-
out the least inconvenience, and Avith immediate relief.
At the end of three months they Avere both removed,
his  sight being perfect, and the tears taking their proper
course.
                     CASE  57.

            Blindness from Inflammation.

  David C. Wattles,  residing in  Michigan, toAvn of
Lapeer, Avas atacked with  acute  inflammation of both
eyes, which had nearly destroyed his sight.   Not being
able to obtain relief where he resided, and finding his
eyes were getting Avorse by every application  that  he
made use of,  he came to  Toronto,  in January,  1853,
and remained under my  care  for tAventy-tAvo days, at
the end of which time, his sight Avas perfectly  good,
and  his eyes  Avere strong enough  to  enable him  to
attend  to his general out-door business.   He returned
to Michigan entirely restored, and has  had  no  return
of his disease since. 
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
ooq
                    CASE 58.
         I
           Blind from Acute Inflammation.
  Miss  Sarah Roddy, of Niagara, aged thirteen, was
brought to me three years since Avith a severe  form of
acute inflammation  of both  eyes,  of  some  months'
standing, and was unable to go Avithout  a guide.  She
had been treated by a number  of medical  gentlemen
before she applied to me, but  to  no  purpose,  and  her
case Avas getting worse from week to week. Her attend-
ance  was continued with  me for about three months
before the disease was broken,  but she then rapidly
recovered her sight and health, and returned to  her
family greatly changed in  appearance.
   The young lady has continued  to enjoy good sight
since the period above stated, until within a few weeks,
when she found one of her eyes the  subject of a fresh
attack of inflammation;  she placed  herself under my
care Avithout delay;  and in about twenty days returned
to her family entirely restored,  able to  read, write  or
scav, as well as  ever.  She is noAv  in  her  eighteenth
year.
                              CASE 59.

                Blindnes removed by Ten Days' treatment.

            Mrs. Mary LeAvis,  of  Sparta, came to me with a
<         chronic inflammation of her eyes, and  was quite blind
         in consequence, having been in that state for several
         months.  I treated this lady for about ten days, when
         I was obliged to leave London; but she was  so much 
230            CASES AND OPERATIONS.

improved by it, that, with the treatment and directions
she received from  me, she completely  recovered  her
sight in about a month after I left her.
                               CASE  60.

f                Cross-Eye in a Child only Three Years old.

            Sheriff Hamilton, of London, C. W., brought a grand-
          daughter of his to me for treatment.  She was a beau-
          tiful little black-eyed creature, only three years of age;
          but Avas afflicted Avith a very bad  squint or cross-eye,
\          caused by convulsions.  I operated on this tender little
          pet Avithout much ceremony, and Avas entirely successful
          in removing all appearance of  defect, in less  than  one
          minute.   There Avas but httle pain produced in making
          this operation; Avhich  may be  performed at  any time
          Avithout the least risk  to the eye.
                     CASE 61.

   Blindness from Inflammation and Bad Treatment.

   Robert Foster, of St.  Catherines, consulted me in
May last, for a disease of his eyes, being then entirely
blind, and othenvise so much impaired in health as not
to be able ,to leave his room.  He Avas  treated by me
for one month, and at the conclusion of my attendance
could see to read and attend  to  his  business.   His
health Avas quite restored, as he continued to  visit my
office  regularly for a fortnight before I left. 
CASES  AND OPERATIONS.
231
                     CASE  62.
        Deaf One Year.—Cured in One Sitting.

  Miss Sarah Ann  Leeper, aged sixteen years, had a
slight attack of deafness, arising from  cold.  She  was
deaf one  year, and had noise  and other unpleasant
senstions in the ears.  This young lady was  very ner-
vous ;  but by persuasion she consented to take a sitting,
under  the promise that she should not be hurt, and her
hearing would be  restored.   This  she did; and her
hearing was perfectly restored before she left the chair,
and without giving her the least pain.
                    CASE  63.
                Artificial Eye inserted.
  Sampson Smilie, of Port Dalhousie, lost his left eye
some years ago, by an accident; and is noAv wearing an
Artificial Eye which I inserted  for him, and Avhich com-
pletely defies detection.  It Avas inserted Avithout pain,
is worn Avithout pain, and is so  complete a match to his
sound eye, both as to apperance and motion, as  not to
be perceived.
                    CASE 64.
 Disease of the Eyes, of Twenty Years' standing, cured.
  John Bowerman, of St. Catherines, aged seventy
years, consulted me for a disease of his eyes, of tAventy
years' standing, Avhich he had tried in vain to get cured
since it first commenced.   He continued his attendance 
232
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
Avith me for about one month, Avhen he felt that it Avould
be unnecessary for him  to  remain longer.   His  eyes
Avere free from inflammation, and he Avas able to attend
to his business Avithout the least inconvenience—a fact
he  had not realized since  his  disease first  made its
appearance.
                     CASE  65.

Profuse Discharge from the Ears, caused by Scarlet Fever.

   Miss Ann McKillman,  aged sixteen  years, had a
very  profuse  discharge from  both  ears, of  a  A'ery
offensive nature, arising from  scarlet fever, Avhich she
had had for eleven years.
   She Avas treated  and cured in one month, Avhile I
Avas  at St. Catherines, and her hearing Avas greatly
improved;  but OAving to the severity of the case, and
the destruction of important parts  of the ear Avithin,
it Avas impossible to  render  the hearing perfect.   She
could  hear common conversation,  hoAvever,  Avithout
much inconvenience.
                     CASE 66.

             Blindness from Inflammation.

   Miss Mary Ann Creighton, of BrockA'ille, aged sev-
enteen, AATas brought to me entirely blind with  innam-
motion of her eyes, in July last, and had been in that
condition for several months.   She Avas sent to Mon-
treal, Avhere  she  remained  for  some  months, Avithout
receiving the least benefit.   I treated this  young lady 
                CASES AND  OPERATIONS.            233

for  six Aveeks,  seeing her daily  during that period.
At the conclusion of my treatment her sight Avas so far
restored that she could  see comfortably, Avas able  to
come and go Avithout a guide, and  could recognize her
acquaintances.   As she Avas then  doing Avell, and all
inflammation had left her eyes, I presume she has con-
tinued to gain till her sight has become entirely restored.
                     CASE 67.
                   Cross-Eye cured.
  Mrs.  Win. Mickle, of Easterns Corners, aged twenty-
five years, had a Arery  disagreeable cast in her right
eye, of  some tAventy years' standing, caused by con-
vulsions Avhen a child.  Sight was not good in this eye.
An operation was performed, and the eye put perfectly
straight, in less  than one  minute.   She  now  enjoys
perfect  sight in both eyes, and has as straight a pair of
eyes as  was ever seen.
                     CASE  68.
       Blindness from turning in of Eye-Lashes.
  Mrs. Jane Holden, aged forty-tAvo, had a very severe
affliction of her eyes caused by the  turning  in  of the
eye-lashes.   This state of things had continued so long
that the  sight was nearly destroyed  by the friction of
the eye-lashes against the ball, and Avhich kept up  a
constant and severe inflammation.  I made an operation
on this lady's eyes, and in ten days  she Avas  perfectly
well, with her eyes quite strong, and the  sight greatly
improved, and rapidly recovering.   She left for  home,
entirely satisfied with her improvement. 
234            CASES AND  OPERATIONS.
                     CASE 69.
               Double Cross-Eye cured.
   Master C. Vanarnam, aged thirteen years, residing at
Brockville, had had a double Squint or Cross-Eye from
birtl'i, Avhich gaA^e him a most disagreeable expression.
He Avas quite Avilling to have his  eye straightened, as
he Avas assured it Avould cause him but little pain, and
be only of a moment's duration.
   Both eyes Avere operated on, at intervals of one Aveek,
and the result Avas, that he lost all appearance of squint
immediately; his sight rapidly improved, and his eyes
acquired a perfectly natural appearance.  He submitted
to the second operation  more willingly than the  first,
finding that it really Avas not so severe as he had appre-
hended.   This  operation  can generally  be performed
complete in from half to three quarters of  a minute.
                     CASE 7 0.
Brother and Sister Blind from Inflammation—Both cured.
   Miss Henrietta and Master Henry Brundage,  aged
fourteen and  eleven years, respectively,  children of
William Brundage,  residing near  Merrickville,  Avere
sufferers for more than three years, Avith a strumous
inflammation of their eyes.   The lad had lost  one eye
and the other AATas fast going.   The young lady's  eyes
Avere also very bad, and became progressively Avorse.
They Avere placed under  my care  in  the month of
August last, and Avere  entirely cured in four Aveeks;
the boy, of course, being blind in  one eye, Avhich had
burst before he came to me, and  the young lady  Avas
entirely cured. 
CASES AND OPERATIONS.            235
                     CASE 71.

                  Cross-Eye cured.

  Miss Manhard,  of  Brockville, aged  nine  years, sub-
mitted to an operation in August last for the cure of a
Squint  or  Cross-Eye, which Avas done, and her  eye
made perfectly straight in less  than  one minute.  The
child sat perfectly quiet during the  operation, and did
not indicate that she  suffered in the least.
                     CASE 72.

                 Deafness from Cold.

   Shubal Kelly, of Escott, aged forty-nine years, suf-
fered for six years Avith inflammation of his  eyes, that
rendered him entirely unfit for business.   He Avas per-
fectly cured of his disease, and his sight restored  by
four Aveeks' attendance  Avith me.
                     CASE 7 3.

                   Cross-Eye cured.

   John Malloch, Esq., of Brockville, aged twenty-five,
had his left eye  injured, which  cased him  to  squint.
His eye Avas operated on by me in August last, and
made as straight and perfect as the opposite eye.  This
was was a case of four years' standing. 
236
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
                     CASE 74.
      Blindness of Thirty Years' standing cured.
  Mrs.  Win.  Manhard, of  Brockville, aged  seventy
years, had a low chronic disease of the eyes, of thirty
years' standing, Avhich rendered her life quite miserable.
She consulted me in the summer of 1853, and remained
under my care for about four Aveeks.  Finding her eyes
quite strong,  and sight as good as could be expected
for one of her age, she returned to her family,  looking
at least tAventy years younger than she  did a month
preA'ious.
                     CASE  7 5.
        Brother and Sister Blind.—Both cured.
  Stylvester Trickey, of Escott, had two small children,
aged tAvo and five years, respectively, Avhich he brought
to me  blind, haA'ing fallen into that state soon  after
birth.  I treated these children, and  restored them to
perfect sight, after four Aveeks' treatment, and there Avas
also  a proportionate improArement  in  their  general
health, Avhich in such young subjects  is very apt to be
impaired, and Avithout this attention  a  cure could not
be effected.
                     CASE 76.
          Deafness from Polypus in the Ear.
  M. Higgins, of Prescott, aged seventeen, was nearly
destitute of hearing, caused by the growth of a Polypus
hi his Ears.   He has suffered for twelve years and could 
CASES  AND OPERATIONS.
237
scarcely be made to hear at all.  I made an operation
and  removed this excrescence from each ear,  which
greatly improved his hearing, and also arrested  a very
offensive discharge, which had never left him for twelve
years.   It was caused by a fall, Avhich also gave him a
cross-eye.  This defect was also removed at the same
time, and  the young gentleman  Avas  rendered very
useful to a AvidoAved mother, by the improvement of his
sight and hearing.
                    CASE  7 7.
              Blind from Inflammation.
  John Mcintosh, of Pickering, aged twenty-eight, has
suffered for about eighteen months with a disease of his
eyes, which  he has not been able to  get cured.   He
consulted various persons Avho professed  to treat  such
diseases, and finding his eyes failing, he went to  New
York in the summer of 1853, where he consulted an
Ooulist of  some  eminence  there.  After a  fair and
patient trial in  the great City of Gotham, where he
considered he was almost certain of obtaining relief, he
returned to Toronto, and placed himself under my care,
on the 14th day of December last, and was dismissed,
entirely cured, on the 20th of January inst, being but
a day or two over five Aveeks under my care.
                    CASE  7 8.
  Elindness from Closed Pupils.—Sight restored by an
                     Operation.
  James McFadden, a farmer, residing near Brockville,
age 1 forty years, consulted me for a very extraordinary
stat3 of his eyes, which had been  attacked with inflam- 
238
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
mation  many years  previously, and left him as I then
saAV him, almost entirely blind, and Avith a large family
to support.   He  had lived in that Avay for nine years.
   In this case the pupils of his eyes had closed by the
severity of his previous inflammation, and left him blind.
   On the  8th of August, 1853, I made an  operation,
and formed an Artificial Pupil, Avith complete success.
He immediately had his sight restored,  and after a feAV
days was able to return to his family, Avith  sight nearly
as good as ever, and  has continued ever since  to  do
well.  In this operation, Avhich was extremely difficult
and important, I Avas  ably assisted by Dr. Thomas
McQueen, and Dr. Garvey, of Brockville.
                     CxVSE 79.
               Blindness from Cataract.

   S.  P.  Thomas,  Esq.,  of  Augusta, aged eighty-two
years, consulted me in August  last for a failing of his
sight, Avhich  on examination proved to be a Cataract.
He was  entirely blind in one eye, and the other  Avas
fast failing.   Nothing could be done short of an opera-
tion ; and though he  had passed four-score years, he
cheerfully submitted to the operation, with the prospect
of again enjoying his sight.   He was operated on,  and
the cataract  successfully removed on the  18th day of
August last, and in less than two weeks he Avas  knoAvn
fco^ walk from Brockville to Prescott, a distance of twelve
miles, Avith as as much activity and buoyancy of spirits
as a young man of twenty.   Nothing has since occurred
to interfere with his more perfect sight, and he can see
to^ read,  Avith the  aid  of glasses, as well as he  could
thirty years previously, 
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
239
                     CASE  80.

         Lad Blind from Congenital Cataract.

  Robert Moses  Wilson,  aged fourteen years, son of
Elizabeth Wilson, of Dorchester, County of Middlesex,
(London) had Cataracts formed on both his eyes soon
after he  was born, AA'hich Avere soon so complete as to
blind him.   He remained in this  state till  about two
years ago, Avhen he was taken to NeAV York, where by
the aid of the best  counsel there, he was operated on
for the removal  of one Cataract, Avhich was only par-
tially successful;  and not having sight enough by what
Avas then done to educate him, he was recommended to
my notice,  and on the 10th of May, 1853,1 performed
an operation  on  his right Eye, and removed the Cat-
aract.   The  operation Avas most  complete, for in an
instant he found  his sight restored, and suffered none
by this operation. I saw him on the folloAving day, and
found him  still improved and doing well.  Being obliged
to leave London about that  time, I did  not see this lad
again till the 14th day of February, 1854, being about
nine months after.  I then found his cataracts were en-
tirely gone, and nothing remained visible in  either of
his eyes to indicate that he had ever been afflicted with
any disease of those dehcate organs.  He told  me he
could see perfectly plain and clear, was going to school,
and he was making rapid progress with his  education ;
giving another  and  most striking illustration of the
good old maxim, " better late than never? It is just to
remark in  this last case that so soon as the sight of the
ri<rht  eye had been  restored by my operation, the op-
posite eye began to improve also,  and is now nearly as 
240
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
good as the right, giving another and beautiful illustra-
tion of the sympathetic influence of one eye  over the
other ; for the left eye was operated on one year before
the right, and yet  the sight  was nearly useless  or at
least very feeble.
                     CASE  81.
      Double Cross-Eye removed by an Operation.
  Mrs.  Maria Murray, of  Dorchester,  aged forty-four
years, school proprietress, had from her infancy acquired
a squint or Cross-Eye, by looking at the light obliquely
while in the cradle or bed, and she found both her eyes
badly inverted since her earliest reccollection.   On this
account she was obliged to take to the use of glasses, at
an early period of life, and  could  not read,  Avrite  or
sew without them.  More recently, she discovered, that
even with the aid of her spectacles she could  not per-
form the duty incumbent on her situation as formerly,
and therefore made application to me in London, C. W.,
in the month of February,  1854.  I operated on both
Eyes  at the  same  sitting,  and  put  them  perfectly
straight; and in less than one Aveek after, she assured
me she could see any kind of print perfectly plain with-
out the  aid of her spectacles, a pleasure she had  not
enjoyed for many years before.
                     CASE 8 2.
     Severe Wound of the Eye.—Complete recovery.
  Robert McCullough, aged thirty years,  residing at
St. Thomas, C. W., a carriage  maker by  occupation,
met Avith an accident on the 16th  of April, while  cut-
ting a piece of iron Avith a  cold chisel.  A portion of 
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
241
         the ragged fragment flew from the vice, and struck him
         full in his left eye, laying the front  open in three  dif-
         ferent directions, cutting the cornea, and lacerating the
         iris,  or curtain of the eye, so severely that a portion
         of this delicate membrane protruded through the rag-
         ged wound, and had to be  removed.  The blow was
         so severe, also, as  to produce a cataract instantaneously,
         leaving his eye, of course, entirely  blind.  I saw this
         gentleman about four hours after the accident occurred,
         and  placed him  under my treatment, merely  Avith a
         view of preserving the eye in as good shape as possible,
         but without offering him any hope of ever rendering
         the  eye again useful.   However, the treatment was
         commenced in good time,  and took  good  effect, for in
         about two Aveeks  the wound had entirely  healed, and
         his eye Avas preserved in good shape, though completely
         blind from the cataract.  I prevailed on  him to allow
'*■        me to remo\Te this by  an operation, which he  readily
         assented to, and  in a few  weeks after,  his  sight was
         found to be good in this eye, and the organ preserved,
         under circumstances  that  could scarcely have been
         credited at the commencement of his misfortune.
                    CASE  83.
         Blind Thirty Years.—Sight restored.

  Mrs, Hannah Gates, of Ripley, Chatauque  County,
N. Y., aged sixty-four, had a severe chronic inflamma-
tion of  both eyes, for upAvards of thirty  years, and
though she had been treated  by a number  of medical
gentlemen of the first standing, she could find no relief.
On  the first of  May, 1855, she made apphcation to me
for  advice,  and  Avas received  under treatment, and Avas
                         16 
242
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
dismissed on the  26th day  of the  month, being quite
cured, able to use her eyes in the usual  way, and Avas
much  improved in her  bodily  health.  She has had
no return of  her disease since.   Here is  a disease
which had existed for upAvards of thirty years, in a
very weak and debilitated constitution, resisting every
form of treatment previously used, but Avas completely
subdued in tAventy-six days, and has not since relapsed.
                     CASE  84;.
  Diseased Eye removed, and an Artificial one inserted.
  Miss Frances Perrine, of  Newstead,  N. Y., aged
twenty-one, had lost her  left eye by disease, and the
right was also blind from sympathetic inflammation, and
it became necessary to make  an operation in  the lost
eye, which was done, and an artificial eye inserted;
this done, the diseased eye soon healed, and her most
intimate friends are not aware that she  Avears an arti-
ficial eye, so close is the imitation.
                     CASE 85.
Accidental or Traumatic Cataract in a Child.—The Sight
                      restored.

  Stephen C. Millard,  of Houghton  Township, Port
Rowan, a child aged five  years, had cataract of both
eyes, caused by having an apple thrown at him and
accidentally striking one  eye,  producing cataracts in
both.  I made an operation on this child's eye, not-
withstanding his youth, at Buffalo, in May, 1855, and 
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
243
he had so little  trouble  afterwards, that he returned
home in five or six days.   I  saAV this lad in March
following, and found that one eye had first-rate sight,
and by a repetition of the  operation, which was instant-
aneous, he now enjoys good sight in both eyes, though
he was entirely blind when he  came under  my  care.
He suffered very little by the  operation, or  after, and
can see as well as ever.
                    CASE  86.

                 Double Cross-Eye.

  Miss Mary Drysdale, of Hamilton, a young lady of
prepossessing  appearance,  aged  eighteen  years,  was
during her childhood precipitated through a trap-door,
and was taken up for dead.   She rallied, however, and
finally recovered, but it was  discovered that both her
eyes were  turned crooked by  the  fall, which  was so
bad as to render sight almost useless.   Thus she  con-
tinued till the Spring of 1856, when  she  was  placed
under the author's care, Avho  made an operation on each
eye, at intervals of about ten days, and the result has
far exceeded the most sanguine expectations of herself
and friends; the eyes, which were so badly  turned as
scarcely to be visible, are now  as straight  and natural
looking as though nothing  had ever disturbed their
equilibrium, and her sight, which was very imperfect
and weak, is now strong and good, and her nearest and
best friends are at a loss to recognize in her the  com-
panion of  her youthful days. 
244
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
                     CASE  87.
Deafness of Forty Years' standing cured in Two Hours.
  Jonathan Dean,  of Buffalo,  toll-gate  keeper,  aged
sixty-four years, applied to me at Buffalo, on  the 4th
of July, 1855, for a very severe and obstinate deafness
of both ears, which had afflicted him for forty years.
  He  placed  himself under  my care,  after getting a
very favorable opinion of his case, and  Avas completely
restored to perfect  hearing  by  tAvo  hours' treatment.
He suffered nothing by the treatment, nor has he had
the least return of his old  complaint, iioav  more  than
four years' past.  He could  only  hear  a Avatch  Avhen
in contact with his ears at the commencement of treats
ment, but in ten days  could hear the same Avatch ten
feet distant, and all noise and other unpleasant sensa-
tions having entirely passed aAvay.
                    CASE 88.
Cataract removed and Sight restored in an aged person.
   Richard Weston, of Maraposa, C. W., aged sixty-six
years, applied to me in the month of March, 1857, be-
ing then entirely blind with Cataracts, which commenc-
ed to form about fourteen years ago.  I commenced an
operation on his right eye Avith success and removed the
Cataract, which immediately restored sight in that eye,
and but for an oversight in leaving his windoAv open at
the head of his  bed the same night, would doubtless
have been satisfactory—the inflammation arising there-
from spoiled  the operation.  In the course  of a feAV
days after  this  accident, I operated on  the left eye, 
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
245
with equal  success,  and with a far more satisfactory
result, for he scarcely knew that the eye had been touch-
ed, and  on  the third day, when  the bandage  was
removed, he was not a little amazed to find his sight
clear and good, as it Avas in  his  youthful  days.   He
returned to his family in about a Aveek after,  able to
read ordinary newspaper print Avith the aid of Cataract
glasses.
                     CASE 89.
        Deafness from Cold.—Hearing restored.
  Miss AVingfield, daughter of Mayor Cook, of Buffalo,
had a discharge from her ears, of several  years' stand-
ing, caused by  sickness, A\rhich rendered her quite deaf.
She was treated for about six Aveeks, during the sum-
mer of  1855, and all the difficulty entirely removed.
                     CASE 90.
     Two Sisters nearly Blind from Inflammation.
  Mrs.  Mary Falkner, Avife of Isaiah Falkner, farmer.
of Caledon, and her sister, Miss Matilda Clark, applied
to me one year ago, being then both blind from inflam-
mation of the eyes, which had existed for about eleven
years.   The skill of their regular physician, and others
Avho had been consulted, failed to render the least assis-
tance.   In both cases  these sisters  recovered their
sight at my hands, after a period of five Aveeks'  treat-
ment in one case, and seven weeks' in the  other, and
have both continued to do well,  now one year cured.  I
saAV Mrs. Falkner on the 29th May, 1856, and found her
sight good, and her sister, Miss Clark, is also sound both
in sight and health. 
IMPORTANT  SURGICAL  OPERATION.

 Miss LYDIA L. SUTTON, aged fourteen years, as she
appeared on the 28th  of June, 1859, immediately before
submitting to a double operation, for the removal of a
DISEASED EYE, and a LARGE TUMOR which had been
growing for POUR YEARS. 
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
247
CHICAGO  CASES AND OPERATIONS.
                    CASE 91.
Double Operation, for the removal of a Diseased Eye, and
         Large Tumor of Pour Years' growth.
  Miss Lydia L. Sutton, of Niles, Ills., aged fourteen
years, daughter of Mrs. Coales, toll-gate keeper of same
place, has been a constant sufferer for upwards of four
years from a very formidable disease of her right eye,
and its appendages, which had  (at the time her parents
made application to  me—which  was in  June  28th,
1859,) entirely destroyed her sight, and was making
serious havoc Avith the eye-ball; /and had, furthermore,
destroyed a portion of the bony socket.
  The preceding engraving is from an ambrotype taken
from life  by Brigham, just  before  the operation  was
performed.  The upper lid  was thrown completely out
of place, and had groAvn fast  to  the  eye-brow.   The
eye itself Avas staphilomatous and protuding, and a large
tumor, groAving rapidly, was throwing out a most  pro-
fuse and foetid discharge, quite sickening to the patient
herself, and very  weakening to her already  enfeebled
constitution.   Her  parents  had  consulted several
very  eminent  surgeons  and  physicians,  during the
period of its formation, up  to the time of  my  seeing
her,  but none  of them were willing to take the respon-
sibility  of an operation  that to them appeared both
complicated and formidable, aud not very likely to be
attended in its results  with a very great amount  of
professional eclat. 
248
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
   This young lady had suffered most severely by  this
disease since its earliest commencement, and her suffer-
ings Avere born with great patience.  Notlnvithstanding
her youth, she Avas Avilling and even anxious to submit
to any course  of  treatment Avhich  might be  thought
best and safest to relieve her of her long-tried affliction.
   After a  careful  examination of her  case, I  advised
an operation for the removal of a portion of the diseased
eye-ball,  which  was  readily  accomplished  Avhile  the
patient was  under the influence  of chloroform.   She
felt nothing,  nor did she knoAV that anything had been
done for her until  it Avas all over, and she Avas restored
to consciousness.  In the course of about three weeks
after the first operation, a  second operation Avas  per-
formed for the removal  of a  large tumor  which  had
groAvn deep  in  the socket  of the eye, and formed a
strong adhesion to the  bony structure  above and  the
eye-ball beloAV, throAving the upper lid out of its place,
and  causing an adhesion between the lid and eye-broAV.
This tumor was readily removed Avhile  the patient  was
for a second time under the soothing influence  of chlo-
roform, and eArery particle of the morbid groAvth  Avas
carefully dissected from its close attachment, above and
beloAV, and to all parts of the organ.   Its  completion
Avas  attended with the most immediate  relief from her
long  sufferings, and nothing  occurred aftenvards to
interfere with the  complete healing of the Avound,  and
she  Avas  soon restored to health and  happiness;  and
although the eye Avas sacrificed by the disease, which
Avould have ultimately  caused death, she is now  free
from all  pain and suffering,  the  disease has been  re-
moAred, and an end put to its destructive course,  not-
Avithstanding she had been a silent and  patient sufferer
for upAvards of four years.  Three months have passed 
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
249
since the last operation, and she is  still  free  from all
suffering, and her health continues to improve.
                      CASE  92.
Young Lady nearly Deaf and Dumb from Scarlet Fever.
          Good Hearing and Speech recovered.

   Miss Maria S. Currier, of Valparaiso, Ind., aged six-
teen years, had scarlet fever at the  age of six years,
which so completely deprived her  of hearing that she
could scarcely be said to hear at all, and she gradually
lost her  speech, or became so  deficient in articulation
that she could only be understood by  those Avho best
kneAV her.
   I considered her case as  a very  doubtful one, and
received her as such, merely Avith the  vieAV of testing
the possibility of restoring her hearing again.  I treated
her for a period of about three months, and had excel-
lent success in  raising her  hearing and restoring the
organs to a state of health and usefulness, and she can
iioav readily heal* any  ordinary conversation, if not too
distant,  with Comparative ease.   Her speech,. Avhich
was so imperfect, has  also undergone  a proportionate
change for the better,  and she takes a part in conversa-
tion with much animation, and seems greatly delighted
at the poAArer she possesses to hear and respond to all
questions put to her.
   This is an interesting case in  many points, for it
shoAVS that much may be done, ivhere the effort is made,
to restore hearing, even in cases where  the organs seem
destitute of  the poAver of ordinary impressibilit}^; and
it also explains the fact that Avhere the hearing is very
much depreciated,  either  by  sickness or injury, that 
250
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
speech will  also become imperfect, or altogether lost,
according to the absolute amount  of hearing retained.
Speech is nothing more than imitation  of  sound, and
can only be acquired by those  who hear and  under-
stand.   When the hearing is destroyed  altogether  in
young  subjects, they invariably  lose  the poAver  of
speech in a  very short time.   Should a degree of hear-
ing be  retained enough to enable the child to hear, even
in a loud tone, speech may still be  retained to a certain
degree, but  the voice is always weak and faltering, and
the articulation quite imperfect.
                     CASE 93.
    Granular Inflammation of Eight Years' standing.
   John Hogan,  223  Randolph  Street, Chicago, aged
forty-five years, has suffered for eight years Avith severe
granular inflammation of his eyes, which for  much  of
the time deprived  him of sight, so as to completely
unfit him for his business, and at times was quite blind.
He in good time sought the advice of some renowned
humbug, and of course  obtained  the usual amount  of
relief—which Avas to relieve his purse of a few dollars,
but failed to remove a proportionate share of his dis-
ease;  and poor John soon made his way to my surgery,
on my arrival here.   Suffice it to say that no  man ever
had a  more successful  course of treatment than said
Hogan; for although his business was such as  to expose
him to the most injurious consequences, he is  still in
the enjoyment of perfect sight and health, and  though
six months have elapsed since  his  cure, has had no
return  of his old disease Avhich  had been his constant
companion for eight years. 
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
251
                     CASE 94.
                 Cataract Extracted.
   Samuel  Sherman,  aged  sixty years,  had cataracts
form in his  eyes some  years since, which  completely
destroyed sight.  He submitted to an operation for the
removal of one cataract, Avhich, though partially success-
ful at the time, proved a failure in a short time, which
left him again blind.  In this case the cataract Avas not
removed from the eye, but merely displaced, and thrown
6ut of the  axis of vision.
   In January last I made an operation on the opposite
eye, and removed the cataract bodily from  the eye by an
operation called extraction.   This Avas a most complete
success; for in a few minutes after  the cataract Avas
taken from the  eye  he  could  see well, and Avith the
usual amount of care which operations always require,
the eye was restored, sound  and good,  and with  the
aid of cataract glasses he could  see  to  read ordinary
print.
   Cataracts removed in this  way can never appear a
second time, as  they are taken  from the  eye bodily,
and  placed in a small bottle  of spirits, where they
remain preserved, to be examined by the curious, and
rejoiced over by those who by their removal have had
their sight restored.
                     CASE 9 5.
                  Ulcerated Cornea.
   Thomas Hall, of Chicago, a butcher,  suffered  for
three years with inflammation of the eyes, which he
in vain  tried to get rid  of by the use of all the vulgar 
252             CASES  AND OPERATIONS.

prescriptions usually resorted to, for the use of sore eyes.
It Avas of no use; nothing Avould cure them, but he Avas
often relieved.   At length his sight became alarmingly
Avorse, and on the last day of the last year he heard,
through a friend who had been cured—Avho Avas indeed
much more seriously  afflicted than himself—that he
Avould undoubtedly find complete relief from all his suf-
ferings by  placing himself under the author's care, and
he accordingly did so,  and Avas  entirely and  perfectly
cured in  less than six Aveeks.  He  has doubtless con-
tinued to enjoy the benefits derived, as he has  not call-
ed upon  me for  the last eight months.   This,  I think
rather unkind in Hall, especially as he resides in the
city, and knoAVs  I am anxious to see him.
                     CASE 9 6.
            Inflammatory Ulcer in the Eye.
  Miss Jennie A.  Nichols,  of  Waukegan,  aged four
and  one-half j^ears, Avas  brought to  me in  June  last
Avith a large inflammatory ulcer on her right eye, Avhich
at that time  threatened to  destroy the organ.   She
AAras  brought to me daily by  her father, for  about a
month, Avhen it Avas considered unnecessary to continue
longer, the ulcer having in the mean  time healed, and
her eye preserved.
                     CASE 97.
                  Double Cross-Eye.
  Miss Jennie A. Birch, of Racine, Wis., aged twenty
years,  had a very severe double cross-eye since she Avas
an infant, caused by convulsions.   Her sight was'very 
                CASES AND OPERATIONS.             253

poor, as is always the case Avhere both eyes are turned,
and her affliction had caused her a great deal of mental
distress, since she was old enough to  realize her unfor-
tunate condition.
  She applied to me on the 26th of August, and the
double operation Avas performed, Avith complete success,
and her eyes made  perfectly straight, in less  than  tAvo
minutes.   She bore the  operation with  that  courage
Avhich is so characteristic of her sex, and uoav has  her
reward in a pair of straight clear  black eyes, Avithout a
fault or blemish, and added  to this  she  has found  a
great improvement  in  her sight, as the  result of the
operation.   Who,  that  regards  their  looks, or their
sight, would shrink from  an  operation so trifling,  and
yet so promising in its result, and which  can be done
Avithout confinement or loss to business ?
                     CASE 98.
                 Inflammatory Ulcer.
  Miss Melvina Weber, aged eleven years, danghter of
John D. Weber, on Lake Street, has  for the last two
years been afflicted Avith inflammation of her eyes, on
one of which a large ulcer had formed, Avhich threatened
soon to destroy her eye.  She was brought  to  me  by
her friends on the 26th of  July, not being  then able
to open her eye, even for a moment's examination, Avhile
the Avater Avas gushing from betAveen the lids as if the
humors were escaping, and  the pain AATas intense.  She
had been treated for several months before  coming to
me by one Avho professes ocular science in this city, but
the increase of her disease, and the dangerous aspect
her case assumed, led her parents to consult me.   I am 
254             CASES AND OPERATIONS.

pleased to say that though still an occasional  visitor,
she is  quite Avell and free from  pain,  her ulcer has
healed, and her  eyes are clear and strong.
                     CASE  98.
                Strumous Inflammation.
   Miss Kate  Dooley, aged  fourteen years, residing
on the Corner  of Polk and Rooker  Streets, was born
of healthy parents, and blesssed Avith pleasing features
and bright blue eyes, but for ten  years past her hitherto
sparkling optics have been the seat of a most distressing
inflammation, Avhich for most of the time prevented her
from  seeing  at all, and never with  the  least ease or
comfort; and tAvo Arery dense  opaque spots  had formed
upon her sight as the result of the severity of her dis-
ease.  This  someAvhat alarmed her parents, and she
Avas  brought to me  on  the 15th of September of the
present year, and she  now rejoices  in the  power she
possesses in being able to hold up  her head and look
through as bright and pretty a pair of blue eyes, as ever
graced the orbits of  the fairest of Adam's race.
                     CASE 99.
               Diseased Eye-Lids cured.
  Miss Mary E. Titus, of Tonica,  La  Salle  County,
Ills., aged eleven years, has had for nearly ten years
a disease of her eye-lids, groAving out of measles.  The
lids were greatly thickened and swollen, the  margins
of Avhich Avere studded Avith small Avhite festers, disfig- 
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
255
 uring the eyes, aud causing the lashes to  fall out, and
' otherwise Aveakening and irritating the organs.  During
 sleep, they would become firmly glued together, requir-
 ing an hour's labor in  the morning  to get them open.
 She was completely cured in less than a month by mild
 and gentle treatment.   The removal of this disease has
 effected a remarkable  improvment both in her appear-
 ance and feeling, and  has added much to her personal
 comfort, besides removing a trouble, the continuance of
 Avhich would have  disfigured her for life, by the  irre-
 trievable loss of the eye lashes.
                    CASE  100.
         Biindness from Granulated Eye-Lids.
   Mrs. Margaret J. Power, of Chicago, aged fifty years,
applied to me in May last, being then blind from gran-
ular inflammation of the eyes, of three years standing.
In vain had she sought for adAlce in relation thereto,
and paid dearly for it,  but no relief  could be had, and
when she came to me she was despairing of ever being
again made sound in sight.  She was dismissed from
treatment mfive weeks, perfectly and entirely cured, and
has continued since to enjoy the full and complete use
of her eyes, for all purposes, as well as ever.
                           CASE 101.
         Double Cross-Eye.—Faulty Operation by a Professed
(                             Surgeon.
         Miss L. E. W., of Galesburg, aged twenty-tAvo years,
      Avas born Avith straight and beautiful eyes, but at an early
      age she AATas discovered to have both eyes crossed, and 
•256             CASES AND OPERATIONS.

when ten  years  old, was  operated on by a professor of
surgery in NeAV York State for the purpose of removing
the unpleasant defect.  This operation proved a failure,
and the two organs soon took the opposite direction, and
there remained,  leaving the young lady Avith her  two
eyes  each looking toAvards the temple, rendering her
sight extremely weak and  imperfect.  I  saAV   this
patient in March last, and made an operation on both
eyes, Avhich had a most charming effect.   She returned
home to her friends in a feAV  days, Avith her eyes occu-
pying an entirely neAv position, completely changing the
character  of her face, and nearly if not entirely placing
her  eyes  in their  proper position,  giving  increased
strength to see, and power to control the moA^ements of
this  wonderful little  organ.   From letters  received  I
have  reason to be assured that this young lady is en-
tirely satisfied Avith  my  modification  of the  original
operation.
                    CASE 103.
           Eye wounded by Percussion Cap.
  R. R. Clark, Esq., of this  city, Avounded his right
eye  while hunting,  by  Avhich a small portion of the
copper from the cap  penetrated his eye and lodged  on
the iris, near the pupil.   It Avas exceedingly small, and
Avas  so located as to  render the removal of it impossi-
ble, Avithout incurring greater risk than its presence
might create.   I therefore treated it as a simple wound,
and soon subdued the inflammation.  No injury to the
sight has since been experienced, and the organ remains
sound; but a bright, shining  speck of copper is still
visible in the eye, securely imbedded  in the fibers of 
               CASES AND OPERATIONS.            257

the iris, Avhere it  has  been snugly ensconced  for the
last four years.  This must be considered an  exceed-
ingly fortunate termination of an  injury  of  such a
character, to so delicate an organ.   In most cases like
the above, the AAThole  eye would  become the  seat  of
extensive inflammation, which would only terminate by
suppuration, and complete loss of the organ.
                    CASE 104.
Deafness and Discharge from the Ears, from Scarlet Fever.
                  Polypus removed.
  K. W. Kerr, of La Porte, Ind., aged  seventeen, had
an attack of Scarlet Fever Avhen only four years old,
Avhich left him very deaf and  with a profuse discharge
of foetid matter from both ears.  I saAV this young gen-
tleman for the first time in February last, when I com-
menced treating his case.
  A large Polypus filled the right ear, being the prod-
uct of  his long-continued disease.   This  was  readily
removed, and subsequent treatment, which was  contin-
ued for less than a month, found my patient with no
discharge from his ears, the Polypus removed, and
good hearing restored.
                    CASE 105.
        Granulation and Ulceration of the Eyes.
  Mrs. Frank Jones, of Kankakee City, 111., has suffered
for three years from the above disease, which rendered
life miserable to her most of the  time.  In vain  had
she endeavored to obtain relief from her troublesome
disease, through the usual means  resorted to in such 
258
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
cases.  In the early part of the present year, I treated
her for a few weeks, and have much pleasure in stating
that she is now entirely cured,  and in  the  enjoyment
of much better health than she usually had,  during the
whole period of her ocular affliction.
                    CASE  106.
          Pterygium removed from the Eye.
   Chandler McWayne,  of Michigan Bluffs, California,
had a Pterygium on his left eye for twenty-three years,
which deprived  him of the  perfect use of the  organ,
besides presenting a very visible blemish, and at times
giving him a great deal of trouble from the increasing
inflammation.  In February last, a momentary operation
completely  removed the  entire disease,  which  had
existed for more than a  score of years, and a few days
more healed the wound, and  left  my  California  friend
with a sound and faultless eye.
                           CASE  107.
        Chronic Inflammation of the Eye, of Twelve Years' stand-
                   ing.—Perfect Cure in Six Weeks.
          Mr. R. M. H----, of this city, suffered with inflam-
        mation of his right eye for twelve years, and could find
        no cure, though he paid liberally  for both  treatment
        and advice.  I treated this gentleman for a few weeks,
        during the Spring of the present year, and  he is now
        entirely relieved of a most troublesome and  painful
        disease, with which he had been afflicted for  more than
        twelve years.   It is  now entirely removed,  and his
I        sight is good. 
CASES AND OPERATIONS.             259
                    CASE 108.

                Chronic Inflammation.

  Capt. John Enright, of Bloomington, 111, has  for
many years endured great hardships by inflammation
of his eyes, which baffled  all skill to cure, or even to
furnish him with permanent relief.  In April last, when
I first saw him, he was nearly blind, and his eyes looked
more like  masses of  disorganized  flesh  than human
optics, intended for useful purposes.   He  now rejoices
in a pair of bright and clear eyes, and I hope he may
live to enjoy the long looked for blessing many years.
                    CASE  109.

      Capsular Cataract removed.—Sight restored.

  fra Haggart, of Galesburg, Ills.,  aged twenty-eight,
was born with Cataracts in both  eyes.  He had an
operation performed on one of his eyes for the restora-
tion of sight, when only ten years old, which was only
partially successful—a portion of the capsule remaining,
as large as the pupil itself, with a central opening not
larger than a pin-hole, and this was  all the sight he had.
In February last I made an  operation, and  removed
the opaque capsule, which, in the course  of a  short
period afterwards,  found him  with as good  sight  as
could be given after such an operation.   With the aid
of his glasses, (which  are  always  required after  the
removal of cataracts,)  he can see to read, and transact
business, though nearly blind for twenty-eight years. 
260            CASES AND  OPERATIONS.
                    CASE 110.
               Granular Inflammation.
  Mrs. Margaret  Gray, of Blackberry Station, Ills., has
suffered severely  with inflammation of her eyes for sev-
eral years, which  gave her great distress, and  at times
rendered her quite blind.   I treated her  in March of
the present year,  and in a very few  Aveeks completely
removed the entire  disease, since when she continues
to enjoy all the advantages gained by the cure  at my
hands.  This lady had been treated  by  different opera-
tors, at various times, but all to no effect, and  she now
rejoices over the  •* long looked for, come at last?
                    CASE 111.
Blindness from Closed Pupil.—Sight restored by Operation.
  Mrs.  Mary  Streeter, Avife of  the  late  Dr. Barton
Streeter, aged sixty-four years, lost  her sight about
three years  ago, by  a  severe  attack  of  inflammation,
which eventuated in complete blindness,  after many
AATeeks'treatment, at  the  hands of her attending phy-
sicians, causing a  closure of the jntpils.  In this state,
and with feeble health, I received her under my care,
iu February, 1859, and after due preparation made an
operation on her right eye, restoring sight immediately.
The age and otherwise unfavorable condition of this
lady did not daunt  her  in  this most important under-
taking, and  she is noAv in the enjoyment of good sight,
and has returned  to her friends in  Hougton County,
Minn., there to pass the remainder of her days in the 
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
261
enjoyment of one of the greatest blessings which can be
bestowed upon  helpless' humanity,  and of which  she
had been deprived for nearly three years ;  viz: sight-
blessed, comforting, consoling sight!
                    CASE 112.
                  Double Cross-Eye.
  John G. F----, of this  city, aged eighteen, had a
double  operation  performed on his  eyes,  to  remoA^e
double cross-eye, Avhich he has had since  a child.  His
sight Avas  poor,  and the  eyes  appeared very  much
turned.   In less than  one minute, hoAvever,  he Avas
looking through as straight eyes as ever graced the face
of youth, and he has continued since to  realize all that
heart  could  desire, by the enjoyment of perfect sight,
through a pair si perfectly straight eyes.  The sight and
strength of the Organ continued to increase for months
after the operation was made.
                    CASE 113.
        Blindness from Granular Inflammation.
  Frank Miller, aged  about  thirty-two years, butcher
by trade, contracted an inflammation of his eyes about
eighteen months before applying to me, Avhich, at the
time  I  saAV him, in November,  1858, had completely
destroyed his right  eye, and  his left eye  was entirely
blind from the same disease.   He had  submitted to the
usual routine of treatment, such  as  caustic and  blue
stone, prescribed by those who claimed to be masters of
the healing art, until he had scarcely a remnant of an 
262
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
eye in his head, and  his  condition was so extremely
critical that for several days I doubted my OAvn ability to
restore sight.   However,  I received  and treated him,
and I doubt not but he will join me in  saying tbat  he
has at least one good sound and clear eye, Avith the aid
of which he has been and is still able  to provide for
the wants of his little family, and has had no trouble
with his  eyes since tho cure was  effected, now more
than six months past.
                    CASE 114.
Internal  Inflammation  of  the Eyes, from suppressed
                      Eruption.
   S. W. Hotchkiss, 275 South Clinton Street, applied
to me in April last, for an inflammation  of his eyes,
Avhich threatened at one time to destroy his sight alto-
gether, by closing of the pupils.  The attack was super-
induced  by the suppression of a cutaneous eruption,
with Avhich he was  attacked  some time previously.
In this  case treatment brought out the eruption, which
received appropriate attention, and his eyes soon recov-
ered their usual strength and clearness, without leaving
a blemish.
                    CASE 115.

               Granular Inaflmmation.

  Felix Duffins, of Winona,  Minn., Rail Road Con-
tractor, aged forty-five years,  had a severe  attack  of
inflammation of his eyes, of  four  months'  standing.
Avhich nearly or quite deprived him of sight.  His eyes 
CASES AND OPERATIONS.            263
Avere very painful, and gave him a great deal of trouble,
and for most of the time he was confined to the house,
in a dark  room.  He was  completely cured by  me,
after five weeks' treatment, and has since continued to
enjoy uninterrupted good sight.
                    CASE 116.
                 Double Cross-Eye.
  Miss Sarah Cusack,  of Chicago, Ills., had  a double
cross-eye since she was a child  ten years of age, caused
by  convulsions,  Avhich not  only gave  her a  very
awkward appearance, and deprived her of the free use
of the eyes, but rendered her  extremely  short sighted.
At  the age  of  twenty years she applied to me  for
advice, and before leaving my room submitted to an
operation, Avhich, in a few moments, found her Avith a
perfectly straight pair of eyes, and with an immediate
improvement in her sight.   Her right eye Avas so badly
turned in, that but  a small portion of  it  could be
discovered, and the sight of this eye was  therefore of
little or no use to her.   It is  now a little more than
one year since the operation  was  performed, and  she
still enjoys perfect sight, without obliquity.  This may
be  said to be the invariable result of this most import-
ant, though in itself  trifling, operation.
                    CASE 117.
          Pustular Inflammation of the Eyes.
  Henry B. Hinsdale, Jr., of Kenosha, aged seventeen,
has for one year had a troublesome inflammation of his
eyes, which was always increased by  any attempt to 
264            CASES AND OPERATIONS.

read, or use the organ for any such necessary purpose.
It is a disease peculiar to young subjects of both sexes,
and  is generally  very  tedious and troublesome to
remove, frequently adhering to the organs  for years,
fluctuating from  better  to  worse,  but never  entirely
passing away.  Treatment at my hands, for about one
month, found this disease among the things that  were.
This young gentleman is  now, as I understand, enjoying
a feast in the Avay of reading, a luxury which he  fully
enjoys, as he is anxious  to pursue a literary course.
                    CASE 118.
Severe Disease of the Eyes, of Six Years' standing.—Per-
                     fect Cure.
  Garry Bates, Esq., of Cottage Hill, Ills., aged fifty-
nine years, has suffered for six years with a very irrita-
ble  and painful inflammation of his eyes, Avhich he has
in vain tried to get cured, up to  the  time of making
application to me, Avhich was the middle of September
last.   He is noAv entirely Avell, and his eyes are clear
and strong; and this great and most desirable end Avas
brought about by less than six Aveeks'  attendance.
                    CASE 119.
Ear discharging for Twenty-Eight Years—Perfect Cure.
  Samuel H. S-----,  of Muskegon,  aged tAventy-eight
years, contracted an inflammation of his left ear Avhen
a child,  Avhich soon terminated in suppuration, and the
ear has  discharged constantly since that time, the hear-
ing of this ear being quite useless.   I treated this gen- 
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
265
tleman for about five  Aveeks, when  it Avas found un-
necessary for him to continue his attendance any longer,
the discharge having been completely arrested, and his
hearing much improved.
                    CASE  120.

Severe Inflammation of the Eyes, of Fifteen Years' stand-
                     ing, cured.
  Mrs. A. B. Nichols, of Kankakee City, aged thirty-
five years, applied to me about the 20th of September,
for inflammation of her eyes, of fifteen years' standing,
which had caused her a great deal of suffering, and for
Aveeks and months together, had confined her to a dark
room,  she being  entirely unable to bear the light of
day.   In vain  had she been treated by the various
traveling pretenders, and in vain  did her parents, at an
early period, count over the dollars in hopes of having
their  daughter relieved, till at  last it Avas  considered
by  her family as a  useless expenditure,  and it  Avas
resolved by her paternal  parent not to  pay another
dime  for such purpose,  as he considered it Avas  not
among the things possible that her disease, of so long
standing, could be cured, and to  this  end  he exerted
himself against the employment of men or means, eAren
up to a very recent  date.    She  had, however, in  the
course of her afflictions, found room to  get married,
and after tAvelve years of domestic joy, Avith a devoted
husband, Avas  strongly recommended to visit me  at
Chicago, Avhich, Avith the Avilling consent of her kind
husband, she did at the day and  date above stated.
It is sufficient to say that she left  here, after five Aveeks'
treatment,  in company Avith her husband, to join  her 
266
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
little  family, rejoicing in a pair of sound and healthy
eyes, and will not regret, that she was for once, so undu-
tiful as to disobey her dear kind old father, Avho will no
doubt this time forgive his daughter.
                    CASE  121.

Double Divergent Coss-Eye.—Both  Eyes looking outward.

  Prof. Alonzo J. Sawyer, of the Chicago University,
aged thirty-nine years, has been affected  since a child
with a turning out of his eyes, supposed  to have been
caused by inflammation.   This very unnatural position
of his  eyes gave him quite an unfavorable expression
of countenance, besides having the usual effect of Aveak-
ening  the  sight materially, and  causing the  eyes to
shrink from ordinary use much sooner than sound  and
straight organs Avould otherwise do.   He applied to me
for  advice  a feAV days ago, and said at the same time
that he had never had confidence enough in any physi-
cian or professor of ocular science to submit himself to
his  care,  but as my opinion was so clearly given, he  had
no doubt but all would go well, and at once submitted
to the  necessary operation.   Both eyes were operated
on at the same  sitting, and in less than  two  minutes,
his  optical organs, that had  been so  long at  variance,
were brought together, and stood side by side in perfect
harmony.   By this operation, a most unpleasant blem-
ish  has been removed, separated friends have been again
united, and sight made much more perfect than it could
otherwise have  been.  With his  two eyes occupying
their natural position, I trust he will fully realize all he
has anticipated by a  complete operation. 
CASES AND OPERATIONS.              267
                      CASE  12 2.
Accidental or Traumatic Cataract in one Eye, of Twenty-
  Four Years' standing, cured by Operation for Solution.
   Mrs. R. A. Bolster,  of Eureka, Wis., aged tAventy-
seven, met  with  an accident Avhen  a child, by  being
struck in the right eye Avith  a stick, Avhich produced
a Cataract instantly, leaving the eye entirely blind.
   The iris or curtain of the eye  being  naturally very
dark,  and the pupil white, (by means of  the Cataract,)
it gave the  eye a very disagreeable appearance, and of
course caused  the patient at times  much  annoyance.
I made a A^ery slight and instantaneous operation on this
lady's eye about the last of July,  which Avas scarcely
felt by the  patient, and in a  feAV  Aveeks the cataract
Avas nearly  absorbed, and the  pupil in part  quite nat-
ural.   Tho  eperation has since been repeated, Avith  the
AleAV to hasten the cure; and the the moment the remain-
ing portion  of the opaque body was disturbed a second
time, it instantly disappeared, and is now  entirely oblite-
rated.   She has at present a clear  and  natural-looking
eye, with sight restored, and has by this means removed
a blemish Avhich was  plainly visible to every observer,
and Avhich had for twenty-four  years  maintained a
position too prominent for admiration, besides depriving
the  patient of the use of the  organ.
  Note—The subscriber, brother of the above patient, and the one  who
in boyish frolic caused the cataract, feeling grateful to Dr. Cadwell for his
skill and success in  this case, takes great pleasure in stating that the
above is strictly true; and further, that at the time and after the accident
occurred which destroyed sight in my sister's eye, several Oculists at the
East were consulted, some of whom pronounced it utterly incurable, while
others decided that an operation wonld be attended with such great dan-
ger as to render it inadvisable. I take great pleasure in adding my testi-
monial as to the Doctor's science as an Oculist  and Physician, and genial
qualities as an intelligent and agreeable gentleman.    S. P.  ROUNDS,
                         Ed. Chicago Sunday Leader, and Printers' Cabinit. 
MISS MARY FRANCES FOSTER,
             OF  OSHKOSH,  WIS.,
(From an Ambrotype taken by Brighain, of Chicago, Nov., 1853.)
As she appeared on the 7th day of November, 1859, just
before submitting to an operation for the extirpation of
a disease connected with the  right eye,  which  required
the  removal  of the entire organ, with  the disease ap-
pended. The operation was completed in about twelve
minutes, in the presence of a large number of witnesses,
and was entirely successful in its result.
2303 
CASES  AND OPERATIONS.
269
EYE  AND  TUMOR  EXTIRPATED.
                   CASE  123.
  Description of the Case of Miss MARY F. FOSTER.
  Miss  Mary Frances Foster, aged  eight and  a half
years, daughter of Jas. H. Foster, County Register, at
Oshkosh, Winnebago County, Wis., Avas born of healthy
parents, and enjoyed exceedingly good health up to the
middle  of July last, when it Avas discovered by  her
parents that her right eye presented an unusual degree
of  fullness.   No  reason  could be assigned for this
unnatural condition of the organ, and it Avas not at first
regarded as a serious matter.  It increased in growth,
however, quite rapidly, and when I first saAV her, about
the middle of October, her eye presented the appear-
ance given in the preceding engraving.   It  caused no
particular pain or uneasiness, but its rapid increase and
growth caused serious alarm to her parents, Avho con-
sulted me in Chicago at the time above  stated.   My
opinion Avas then given, to the effect that a tumor  had
formed at the bottom of the socket of the eye, which
by its continued groAvth was forcing  the  eye from its
natural position, and Avould  not only destroy the  sight
of the  eye  altogether, but  would completely displace
the organ, and cause  great deformity.   I also  stated
that an operation for the removal of the entire mass
 (eye and disease)  Avould be necessary, to put an end to
 more serious mischief.  I also  advised the  parents to
 obtain the opinion of other  responsible surgeons in the 
270
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
 mean  time,  for the  purpose, if possible, of satisfying
 their own minds, and as a protection to me in the event
 of my receiving the case for treatment.  All  this  Avas
 done to the entire satisfaction of the parents  and  my-
 self, and on the 7th day of the present month, Novem-
 ber, I made the

                    OPERATION.

   At  half  past  twelve o'clock,  Avith the very able
 assistance of Dr. Irving J. Pollock, Oculist, of this city,
 I administered chloroform, and performed the operation,
 removing the entire eye, and aB the disease connected
 thereAvith,  doAvn to  the  very bottom of the socket,
 leaving no particle of the morbid growth remaining, by
 which to produce a renewal of the disease.   It proved
 to be what it Avas pronounced on the first examination,
 a mass of fatty matter, (a Steatomatous Tumor,)  being
 in bulk more than twice  the  dimensions of the entire
 globe and its appendages.  It was completely removed
 from  its  bony cavity, together with  the  eye, in  one
 mass,  in about  twelve  minutes;  the   patient in  the
 mean time, being completely under the influence of that
 soothing tranquilizer, chloroform,  neither knowing  nor
 feeling anything that was being done to her, until some
time after the operation was completed.
   It is but just to say that this little sufferer Avas fully
 sensible of her situation, and Avas aware that an  oper-
ation was at hand, and that it was a matter of serious
importance to her.   She in due  time  discovered  that
Avhile the preliminaries Avere being discussed, and opin-
ions advanced, her parents  were often afflicted to tears,
and she seemed to sympathise  deeply with them; but
notwithstanding the full knowledge of all these facts, 
CASES AND OPERATIONS.
271
and Avith her tender years,  she never for a moment
shrank from the operation, or hesitated to submit to the
frequent calls to the operating table, Avithout knoAving
Avhat moment she might be  requested to prepare for
the great Avork, AAThich would, for a time at least, deprive
her of her senses, and place her poAverless in the hands
of the surgeons who  had undertaken the  great  and
good Avork.   Such mature decision  of  character  and
Avomanly courage is only to  be met Avith in those of
riper years, and but few of any age can boast of more
undaunted courage than Avas exhibited by this sensible
and tender little girl, only eight and a half years of age.
   Her case is now progressing most favorably, and she
Avill without doubt be able in the course of a feAV days
to return home  to her friends in Oshkosh, there to meet
the other  members of her family, Avho are Avaiting
in breathless silence to learn AAThether science or disease
has been triumphant.
   The eye and its disease has been preserved, and  may
at  any  time be  seen by  physicians, friends, or others
 curious  to see such morbid specimens, Avhich have been
 removed by the knife and preserved in spirits.
i 
 
OPINIONS  OF  THE  PRESS.
          (SUPPLEMENTARY.)
           [From the Chicago Sunday Leader, Nov. 13tli, 1859.]
  ANOTHER SKILLFUL SURGICAL  OPERATION.
   Extirpation of a Diseased Eye.—On Monday last,
Dr. F. A. Cadwell, Oculist  and Aurist,  93  Randolph
Street, performed a surgical operation of a most  diffi-
cult and dangerous character, the complete success  of
which establishes beyond cavil his  claims to superior
skill as a surgeon.
   The operation consisted  in  the  extirpation  of the
right  eye of Miss Mary Frances Foster, aged eight and
a half years, the removal of  which had become  neces-
sary from the formation behind that organ of what  is
called a steatomatous tumor.   The effect of this  unnat-
ural growth had been to force the eye  forward from
its socket, and give it a wild and unsightly appearance;
and as the disease  was located where  it could  not be
reached without loss of the eye, and its continued pres-
ence involved sooner or later the safety  of the  child's
life, there was no other alternative than  the complete
remoA'al of the eye with the  disease attached.
   The presence of the disease was  first  discovered  in
July last, since which time its growth has been  alarm-
                        18 
 274    OPINIONS OF THE PRESS.—SUPPLEMENTARY.

 ingly rapid, impairing the sight of the eye but without
 causing  much pain.   The parents of the child, after
 consultation with several eminent  physicians  and sur-
 geons, applied to Dr. Cadwell, Avho very promptly gave
 a diagnosis  of the  disease, and  advised its speedy
 removal by a surgical operation.   It was a distressing
 alternative to adopt, for the child was not only prepos-
 sessing in personal appearance, but combined all those
 qualities  of  sweetness and amiability of temper, intel-
 ligence, and the attractive characteristics  which serve
 to  strengthen,  with   more  than usual firmness,  the
 affectional relations between parents and children.
   The operation Avas performed at Dr. CadAvell's office,
 in presence of seA^eral gentlemen, among them Dr. Pol-
 lock, of this  city, who assisted in the  operation.  The
 child was placed under the influence of chloroform, and
 the eye, with the tumor attached, was removed without
 pain to the patient.   The whole  time consumed in dis-
 secting and extirpating the organ Avas  only twelve min-
 utes.  This is extraordinary despatch, when it is remem-
 bered that the ball of the eye  and  the  tumor were
 packed closely, and filled  the entire cavity, rendering
 it necessary for the surgeon to  be  guided in a great
 measure  by the sense  of feeling instead of sight.  The
 profuse flow of blood also interfered Avith the  manipu-
 lations of the operator, but notwithstanding  all these
 impediments, every particle of the tumor Avas dissected,
 and that,  together with the eye, brought aAvay in a col-
 lected mass.   All present  united in pronouncing it  a
 most skillful and  successful operation.
  We cannot forbear an allusion to the heroic fortitude
 of the  little patient.   She  was fully aAvare, for several
 days previous to the  operation, that her eye was to be
sacrificed, and yet she never  for a moment  betrayed 
        OPINIONS OF THE PRESS.—SUPPLEMENTARY.     275

the least timidity.   She witnessed preparations which
moved others to tears  of sympathy, without any out-
break of feeling, and promptly acquiesced in the neces-
sary requests of the surgeon.  After all Avas over, and
she had recovered from the effects of the soporific, she
conversed  calmly about  the loss she  had  sustained,
never uttering one word of complaint or regret.   Such
extraordinary composure and resignation  could  hardly
be looked for in a man of iron nerve—much less  in a
child of only eight years.
  Although several days have elapsed since the opera-
tion, no unfavorable symptoms have intervened, and
the child  is  rapidly recovering.  The  parents  of the
child reside  at Oshkosh, Wis.,  and will only be  too
happy to bear testimony to the skill and kindness  of
Dr. Cadwell.
           [From the Chicago Press and Tribune, Nov. 9th, 1859.]
   Operation upon a Child.—A day or two  since, Dr.
Cadwell, of this city, performed a difficult but entirely
successful surgical operation, in the entire removal of
an eye, the patient being a bright, intelligent little girl
about eight years of age, daughter of James H. Foster,
Esq., of Oshkosh, Wis., the disease being the formation
of a steatomatous tumor in the orbit, by which  the  ball
was  protruded forward—a painful and serious disfigure-
ment of the features.  Chloroform was administered,
and  while  in a state of entire unconsciousness, little
Mary Frances  was  relieved of the disfigurement  and
the disease, the mass being  removed in about ten min-
utes.  It will be among  the easiest appliances of the
surgical art to  supply an artificial eye to the empty
socket, and  restore  to the countenance  every appear- 
276    opinions of the press.—supplementary.

ance of naturalness.   Dr. Cadwell has made the eye
and ear and their diseases  a specialty, and with such
success that his  patients are drawn from a  wide tract
of country, centering in this city,  seeking at his hands
relief from the  numerous painful afflictions to which
these organs are subject.   His rooms, on the corner of
Dearborn and Randolph streets, are a perfect museum
of casts, plates and drawings, illustrating the well nigh
limitless affections, to the relief of which  he devotes
his skill.  Some of these are of  great rarity and value.
finis. 
                      INDEX.

              Contents  on Diseases of the  Eye.
                                                              PAGE.
Preface..................................................................................   9
Introduction..................................  ........................................  11
Diseases of the Eye and Ear a separate study ..... ..........................  15
No charge for an opinion...........................................................  17
Danger of wrong advice ..........................................................  17
Delay and its consequences.......................................................  18
How blindness is often produced..................................................  19
Difference in cases.  Don't  wait for your neighbors..........................  20
Important information to those who have not good sight and hearing 21
Granular Inflammation, or Granulated Eye-lids...........................  23
Egyptian Ophthalmia.—A frightful disease.................................... 27
Egyptian Ophthalmia in the different armies.................................. 28
Egyptian Ophthalmia a contagious disease...................................... 29
Chronic Inflammation of the Eyes............................................... 30
Common Weak Eyes.................................................................. 31
Pterygium or Wings................................................................ 32
Simple Inflammation of the Eyes.................................................. 33
Diseased Eye-Lids..................................................................... 34
Drooping of the Eye-Lids,  or Ptosis........................................... 35
Partial or complete blindness and the eye unchanged in appearance... 35
Eye wounded by hot metal, sparks and turning chips....................... 36
Weeping or Watery Eye.............................................................. 39
Hordeolum or Stye  .................................................................. 40
Cataracts—partial and complete........'.......................................... 41
Operation for the removal of Cataract by extraction........................ 43
Operation for the removal of Cataract by couching or depression........ 46
Congenital Blindness, or Blindness from Birth.... .......................... 46
Spots, Films and Ulcers on the sight............................................. 48
Purulent Inflammation of the Eye.............................................. 49
Purulent Inflammation of the Eyes of new-born Infants .................. 51
Cross-Eyo, or Squinting............................................................  63
Operation for Squinting..............................................................  54
Tumors on the Eye-Lid and Ball of the  Eye..................................  55
One Eye injured, both Eyes blinded in consequence........................  66
 Injuries and Accidents to the Eye...............................................  57
Vertical Section of the Eye.........................................................  68 
278
INDEX.
                                                                PAGE.
A word to those requiring glasses from age....................................  60
Blindness from Closed Pupil...'.....................................................  61
Operation to restore sight in case of Blindness from Closed Pupil......  63
Artificial Eyes............................................................... 64 and 128
Conical Cornea..........................................................................  65
Extirpation of the Eye-Ball.........................................................  66
Staphiloma of the Eye-Ball.........................................................  67
Short Sight..............................................................................  68
Epicanthus ..............................................................................  69
Strawberry Cancer on the Eye.....................................................  70
Inverted Eye-Lids, or turning in of the Eye-Lashes..........................  71
Eversion, or turning out of the  Eye-Lashes...................................  72
No opinion can be given without an examination.............................  74
      Contents on  Deafness and Diseases of the Ear.
                                                               PAGE.
Hearing is an animal sense.........................................................  77
Advice on Deafness..........................i........................................  80
Discharge from the Ears, from cold and common causes....................  82
Artificial Tympanum, or Drum.....................................................  83
Noise and Singing in the Ear a sign of the approach of Deafness ......  84
Diseases of the Ear not painful to cure.........................................  86
Varieties of  Deafness .................................................................  86
Deafness with Noise in the Ears..................................................  87
Deafness without Noise in the Ears...............................................  88
Three Hundred cases of Deafness treated, and the result given .........  88
Deafness from Scarlet Fever and Measles.......................................  90
Deafness from Sea-bathing, or going into the water ........................  92
Deafness from foreign substance in  the  Ear...................................  93
Polypus in the Ear....................................................................  95
Deafness from unknown causes ...................................................  95
Catarrh of the Head..................................................................  98
Deafness from excess of sound.....................................................  99
Acute Ear-ache —Deafness  following............................................. 101
Cornet or Speaking Trumpet........................................................102
Throat Disease frequently the cause of Deafness............................. 103
Abscess and  Death following Discharge from the Ear...................... 105
Discharges from the Ear can never be  outgrown.............................. 108
Discharges from the Ears of Children  and Infants  dangerous............ 109
Miniature Anatomical Museum.................................................... 110
Three Hundred different representations of  Diseased Eyes ............... Ill
Artificial Anatomical Specimens of the Eye and Ear........................ Ill
                        Miscellaneous.
                                                               PAGE.
Special Notice........................................................................... 113
Memorandum Notice.................................................................. 114
Letter from His Lordship, Bishop De Charbonell............................. 116
References—Canadian and Eastern...................................... 117 to 120 
INDEX.
279
PAGE.
References—Chicago and Western.......................................  I21 to |23
Recent valuable discovery in Aural Science, &c............................... 1*5
Artificial Eyes—great reduction in prices ..................................... ^°
Medical Diploma of the United States............................................ ^
Provincial Medical Diploma of Canada.......................................... |^
Quebec Medical Diploma ....................................................VqqT i<U
Certificates—Canadian and Eastern......................................  ^d to lOtf
Certificates—Chicago and Western......................................  1&4 t0 j'°
Letters from Medical gentlemen and others.................................... j-''
Opinions of the Press.......................................................'107+  -u^
Cases and Operations—Canadian and Eastern........................ l»£ to -40
Cases and Operations—Chicago and Western.......................... -4< ,0 ~^
Opinions of the  Press, (Supplementary) ...................................... -'-
Description of Plates.
PAGE.
                                                                  15
Eye and  Ear.............................................................................  „„
Granulated Eye-Lid ................................................................ "   „
Fleshy Film growing over the sight.............................................  ^
Drooping of the Eye-Lids ..........;................................................
Skeleton of the Eye, with description..........................................  »°
Lachrymal Fistula from a Weepiug Eye........................................  ™
Cataracts—partial and complete..................................................
Cataract—operation by extraction..............................................
Cataract—operation by depression  ..............................................   °
Spots, Films and  Ulcers on  the Sight ..........................•.................  *°
Eye destroyed by Purulent  Inflammation.......................................  **
Cross-Eye or Squinting....................■•••......................................  .
Ball of the Eye with the Muscles attached ..................................  <£
Tumors on the Lids and Ball of the Eye
                                j                                 56
One Eye injured, both Eyes affected............................................   t„
Anatomical Section of the I.
Operation to restore Sight from Closed Pupil
~" , .    . ....j \.~ rx„           ""1    ' ^>"T)il .................................   Od
Anatomical Section of the Eye. with explanation-.-
61
Sight restored b"
Coni
rz,
67
69 

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