A GUIDE 
FOR 
EXAMINATIONS 
IN 
PHARMACY 
CAMBRIDGE, MASS.: 
Press of Edward W. Wheeler, 
1897. Copyrighted by N. P. Tobey, 1897. PREFACE. 
HAVING had the experience of several State Board examina- 
tions in Pharmacy, the author saw the need of some guide 
to study from, and this edition was found most practical and 
useful. The average clerk has very little time to hunt in text 
books for every little point and odd question, and a book 
containing these things together with a general quiz, is a great 
help to every clerk preparing for examination. The Pharma- 
copoeia of 1890, should be studied in connection with this Guide. 
THE AUTHOR. METROLOGY — Questions. 
1. What is a grain ? 
2. What is a meter ? 
3. State denominations of both Troy and Avoirdupois system? 
4. Give the metric table ? 
5. What is the difference between a Wine pint and Imperial 
pint? 
6. What does one fluid ounce of water weigh ? 
7. How do you find the specific gravity of a body ? 
8. How many fl. oz. in a lb. (av.) of Glycerin, ether et chloro- 
form ? 
9. Convert 1 oz. 2 dr. 15 gr. (Troy) into Metric system. 
10. Convert 51 gmmes. into Troy weights. 
11. What does 1 Gram equal ? 
12. What does 1 Meter equal? 
13. What does 1 Liter equal? 
14. What does 1 Troy oz. equal ? 
15. What does 1 Avoid, oz. equal ? 
16. What does 1 Wine fluid oz. equal ? 
17. What does 1 Imperial fluid oz. equal? 
18. What does 1 Fluid drachm equal? 
19. What does 1 grain equal ? 
20. What is the difference between a pint and a pound 
of glycerin ? 
METROLOGY. — Answers. 
1. “ An English silver-penny, called the sterling, round and 
without clipping, shall weigh 32 grains of wheat, well dried and 
gathered out of the middle of the ear.” 
2. millionth of the circumference of the earth from pole to 
pole. 
3-4. Look it up if not fresh in your memory. 
5. Wine pint — 16 oz.; Imperial = 20 oz. 
6. 455.7 grs., or about 456 grs. 
7. Divide it by the weight of an equal bulk of water. 6 
8. Glycerin = = 12.9 fl. oz. 
Ether = 21-0 fl- oz* 
Chloroform — 45(.'0^>°1— = 10.2 fl. oz. 
9. 1 oz. 2dr. 15 gr. =480 + 120 + 15 = 615 x 65 =39.975 gm. 
* 10. = 784 + grs. 
11. 15.4 grains. 
12. 3 ft. 3f in. 
13. 2.11 wine pts., or 1.76 imp. pts. 
14. 31.103 gms. or about 30 gms. 
15. 28.35 gms. or about 28.5 gms. 
16. 29.57 c.c. or about 30 c.c. 
17. 28.39 c.c. or about 28.5 c.c. 
18. 3.7 c.c. or about 4. 
19. 65 milligrams or .065 gms. 
0q (A pint = 16 fl. oz. 
( A lb. (av.)= 12.9 fl. oz. 
HEAT. 
In studying up on heat I would advise you to read what Reming- 
ton has to say on the subject, and get kind of a general idea of it. 
In changing from Fahrenheit to Centigrade or vice versa, if 
you will remember two things you can do any problem. 
1st. 100° C. = 212° F. or boiling point of II20. 
2d. That 1.8 and 32 are the figures used in converting. 
In an examination, if you forget how to convert, try to change 
100° C. to 212° F. and it will come back to you. 
Be sure and know the definition for Ignition ; Fusion; Calci- 
nation ; Deflagration ; Carbonization; Torrefaction ; Incineration ; 
and Sublimation. 
Explain the difference between Evaporation and Distillation ; 
Desiccation and Granulation. 
Give difference between Levigation and Elutriation. 
What is the process of powdering camphor called? It is 
powdering by intervention. 
* (Note.—In doing problems of this kind it is better to change everything to grains 
or milligrams before converting.) 7 
SOLUTION. 
Tell what a solution is, and when it is saturated. 
Give an example of a chemical solution. Example: Liq. 
Amm. Actatis. 
What is a simple solution ? Example : sugar in water. 
Name the solvents used in Pharmacy in their order of impor- 
tance ? Water, alcohol, glycerin, ether, chloroform, carbon bisul- 
pliid, benzin, acid and oils. 
Name different ways of separating liquids from solids. 
Washing, by a siphon, decanting, straining or eolation, filtering, 
expressing or percolating. 
Explain difference between a precipitate and a sediment. A 
sediment is in the lime water bottle ; a precipitate is in Brown’s 
mixture. 
Be familiar with the different ways of percolating, and terms 
used in percolation. 
OFFICIAL PREPARATIONS. 
Liquids. 
No. 
Waters 19 
Solutions 24 
Syrups 32 
Honeys 3 
Mucilages 4 
Emulsions 4 
Mixtures 4 
Glycerites 6 
Spirits 25 
Elixirs 2 
Collections 4 
Oleates .... .... 3 
Liniments 9 
Infusions 4 
Decoctions 2 
Tinctures 72 
Fluid Extracts . .... 88 
Wines 10 
Oleoresins 6 
Vinegars 2 
Solids. 
No. 
Extracts 32 
Kesins 4 
Powders 9 
Triturations 1 
Masses 3 
Confections 2 
Pills 15 
Troches 15 
Cerates 6 
Ointments 23 
Plasters 13 
Papers 2 
Suppositories 1 8 
U. 5. P. PREPARATIONS. 
1. What is an aqua ? 
2. How many official ? 
3. Name different ways of making them. 
4. Tell how to make the following: — Chloroformi, Aurantii 
Florum, Rosae, Chlori, Camphori, Ilydrogenii Dioxidi, and 
Creasoti. 
5. Give the strength of the following: — Chlori, Camphori, 
Chloroformi, and Creasote. 
AQUAE. 
6. Give dose of waters. 
Ammonia water = 10-30 m. 
all others = £ to 2 dr. 
7. Write the U. S. P. name for Rose water. 
LIQUORES. 
1. What is a liquor? 
2. How many official ? 
3. What two classes are there ? 
4. How make the following: — Ammonii Acetatis, Calcis, 
Sodae Chloratae, Potassii Arsenitis and Ferri et Ammonii 
acetatis ? 
5. What is the strength of the following: Arsenious acid, 
Iodide of Arsenic and Mercury, Comp. Iodine, Plumbi Subace- 
tatis, Sodae Chloratae, Zinci Chloridi ? 
6. What are the following: — Donovan’s Sol.; Basham’s Mix- 
ture ; Monsel’s Sol.; Lugol’s ; Goulard’s Sol; Lead water; Labar- 
raque’s Sol. 
- st -j £ r ( 4 the dose = 4 to 1 dr. 
i. Give dose of liquors. -< „ * „ 
4 1 all others = 3-10 m. 
8. Write the IT. S. P. name for Lugol’s solution. 
SYRUPI. 
1. What is a syrup ? 
2. IIow many official ? 9 
3. Name four ways of making them. 
4. Look at them once and see what each one is made from. 
5. Give ingredients of comp, syrups. 
6. What one has acetic acid in it? and why? 
7. What one has ammonia water? and why? 
8. What per cent, of Tartar emetic in Hive syrup ? 
9. How make Ferrous iodide, and Rhubarb syrups ? 
10. Per cent, of acid in hydriodic acid syrup, and write 
U. S. P. name for it ? 
MELLITA. 
1. What is a honey ? 
2. How many official? 
3. How is honey clarified ? 
4. Write U. S. P. name for Honey of Rose ? 
MUCILAG-INES. 
1. What is a mucilage? 
2. How many official ? 
3. Which ones made with heat? 
4. Which ones made without heat ? 
5. Write U. S. P. name for Mucilage of Elm. 
EMULSIONES. 
1. What is an emulsion ? 
2. How many official ? 
3. Name a natural emulsion ? 
4. Give strength of emulsions. 
One is 6 °J0. 
others are 4 %. 
5. How make Chloroform emulsion and write U. S. P. name ? 
6. Give dose of each. 
2 given by ounces, 
2 given by drachms. 10 
MISTURAE. 
1. What is a mixture ? 
2. How many official ? 
3. Give composition of each. 
4. What is Brown’s, and Griffith’s mixture ? 
5. Give dose of each. 
6. Write U. S. P. name for Brown’s mixture. 
1. What is a glycerite ? 
2. How many official ? 
3. Strength of Tannic acid and Carbolic acid glycerites. 
4. Give dose of glycerite of Phenol and write U. S. P. name. 
GLYCERITAE. 
1. What is a spirit ? 
2. How many official ? 
3. Name four ways of making them. 
4. Give strength of Spirit of Bitter Almond ; Glonoini; Phos- 
phorus ; and Chloroform. 
5. Give composition of Spirits of Ether Comp.; Aurantii 
Comp.; and Ammonii Aromaticus. 
6. Write U. S. P. name for Spirits of ether. 
SPIRITUS. 
ELIXIRIA. 
1. What is an elixir ? 
How many official ? 
3. Give composition of Elixir of Phosp. 
4. Amount of Phosp. in Elixir? 
* gr- 
in 1 dr. 
5. Write U. S. P. name for simple elixir. 
COLLODIA. 
1. What is a collodion ? 
2. How many official ? 
3. Give composition of each. 11 
4. How is collodion made ? 
5. What is H2S04 used for in its manuf. ? (It takes the 
water from the IIN03 thus making the IIN03 stronger). 
6. Write IT. S. P. name for Flex. Collodion. 
OLEORESINAE. 
1. What is an oleoresin ? 
2. How many official ? 
3. Give general way of making. 
4. Dose of each. 
2 large doses, 
rest are small. 
5. Write IT. S. P. name for Oleores. Cubeb. 
LINIMENTA. 
1. What is a liniment ? 
2. How many official ? 
3. What are the bases used? 
4. Give composition of Liniment of Belladonna, Soap; Comp. 
Mustard, and Chloroformi. 
5. Write IT. S. P. name for Carron oil. 
OLEATA. 
1. What is an oleate? 
2. How many official ? 
3. Give strength of each. 
4. Write IT. S. P. name of oleate of zinc. 
INFUSA 
1. What is an infusion ? 
2. How many official ? 
3. Give official formula for any non-official infusion, and tell 
how to make it. 
4. What ones made without heat ? 
5. What ones made with heat ? 12 
6. Give composition of infusion of digitalis, cinchona, and 
senna comp. 
7. Give dose of each. 
All given in §’s 
except one. 
8. Write U. S. P. name for infusion Senna Comp. 
DECOCTA. 
1. What is a decoction ? 
2. How many official ? 
3. Give general formula and how made. 
4. How is Iceland Moss Decoction made ? 
5. Give composition and write IJ. S. P. name for Decoc 
Sarsap. Comp. 
TINCTURAE. 
1. What is a tincture ? 
2. How many official ? 
3. Name three ways of making them. 
4. Give the composition and strength of paregoric; Iodine. 
5. Give the ingredients of 
Benzoin Comp. . . . . B. a. s. t. 
Cardamon Comp. . . . C. C. C. C. 
Catechu Comp. ..... C. C. 
Cinchona Comp. . . . C. O. S. 
Gentian Comp. . . . . G. O. C. 
Lavendulae Comp. . . L. K. C. C. N. S. 
Rhei aromatic . . . . R. C. C. N. 
Rhei Dulcis .... R. L. A. C. 
Rhei ...... C. 
Aloes ....... G. 
Aloes and Myrrh . ... G. 
6. How make, and formulae for Tinct. of Recent Herbs ? 
7. Write U. S. P. name for Tinct. Iodine. 13 
VINA. 
1. What is a wine ? 
2. How many official ? 
3. How make wine of antimony and opium, and give strength 
and composition ? 
EXTRACTA FLXTIDA. 
1. What is a fluid extract? 
2. How many are official? 
3. Give a formula for U. S. P. fluid extract? 
4. Give ingredients of the Comp. FI. Ext.? 
5. Give the dose of 
Aconite £-1 
Arnica Bad 5-20 
Belladonnae Rad ..... 1-3 
Canabis Indica 2-5 
Capsici £-2 
Conii 1-10 
Colchieum Rad 2-5 
Convallaria 3-10 
Digitalis 1-2 
Gelsemium 2-3 
Hyocyamus 3-10 
Lobelia 1-5 
Mezerium 2-15 
Nux Vomica 1-4 
Mandrake 5-15 
Sabinae 5-15 
Sanguinaria 1-5 
Scillae 1-5 
Senega 3-15 
Stram. Seed 1-3 
Veratrum Viridi 1-5 
1. What is a vinegar? 
2. How many official? 
3. What is the menstruum used ? 
4. What is in Acetum Opii? 
5. Give dose of each ? 
6. Write U. S. P. name for vinegar of squills. 
ACETA. 
EXTRACT A. 
1. What is an extract? 
2. How many official? 
3. How are they made ? 14 
4. What one has acetic acid in menstruum ? 
5. Give ingredients of the comp. ext. 
6. Get a general idea of the doses. 
7. Write U. S. P. name for extract Nux Vomica. 
RESINA. 
1. What is a resin ? 
2. How many official ? 
3. How are they made? 
4. Dose of each * 
One is large 
rest are small. 
TRITUR ATIONES. 
1. How many official ? 
2. Give dose of it. 
MASSAE. 
1. What is a mass? 
2. IIow many official ? 
3. Give composition of each and dose. 
PUL VIS. 
1. What is a powder ? 
2. How many official ? 
3. Give ingredients of each one. 
Jalap Comp. 
Creta Comp. 
Licorice Comp. 
Morphine Comp. 
Rhei Comp. 
Anitmonial. 
Aromatic. 
Also give the common name for each. 
And the dose. 
4. Write U. S. P. name for Tully’s Pd. 15 
CONFECTIONES. 
1. What is a confection ? 
2. Give composition of each. 
3. What are they used for ? 
4. Write U. S. P. name for Confection of Rose. 
PILULAE. 
1. What is a pill ? 
2. How many official ? 
3. Name some excipients used. 
4. Give composition of the comp, pills. 
5. Write U. S. P. name for Opium Pill. 
TROCHISCI. 
1. What is a troche? 
2. How many official? 
3. How are they made? 
CERATA. 
1. What is a cerate ? 
2. How many official ? 
3. What one is made by incorporation ? 
4. What is the difference between cerate and ointment ? 
5. Write name for one. 
1. How many official ? 
2. How would you make the following ointments, — Cold 
Cream, Diachylon, Blue, Citrine ? 
3. Give strength of them all. 
OINTMENTS. 
EMPLASTRA. 
1. IIow many official ? 
2. Name the three bases. 16 
3. What is a strengthening plaster; warming plaster; adhesive 
plaster ? 
4. Give strength of the two mercury plasters. 
CHART A. 
1. How many official ? 
2. How is mustard paper made ? 
3. What is the benzine used for? (To take out fixed oil.) 
SUFFOSITORIA. 
1. How many official ? 
2. Describe the three shapes. 
3. Give U. S. P. weights for each. 
4. How make Glycerin Suppos. ? 
5. Write U. S. P. name for it. 
ACIDS. — Questions. 
1. What is the strength of the dilute acids ? 
2. Give strength of Acetic. 
3. Give strength of Hydroclioric. 
4. Give strength of Nitric. 
5. Give strength of Phosphoric. 
6. Give strength of Sulphuric. 
7. Give strength of Sulphuric Aromatic. 
8. Give strength of Sulphurous. 
9. What is the dose of Arsenious and Carbolic acids ? 
10. What does Oleic and Stearic acids come from? 
ACIDS. — Answers. 
1. All the dilute acids are 10 % except acetic, 6 % ; Prussic, 2 
o]0 ; and nitrohydrochloric, 4 % HNOg and 18 HC1. 
2. 36 %. 
3. 31.9 %. 
4. 68 %. 
5. 85 %. 17 
6. 92.5 %. 
7. 20 %. 
8. 6.4 oj0. 
9. to Jg- of a grain of Arsenic and 1 to 3 grains of carbolic 
acid. 
10. Oleic is a by-product in making candles, and stearic is 
obtained from tallow and other solid fats. 
OILS. — Questions. 
I. What are the two classes of oils ? 
3. What is the difference between them? 
3. Are volatile oils lighter than water ? 
4. Are, fixed oils lighter than water ? 
5. Are fixed oils soluble in alcohol ? 
6. How are volatile oils obtained ? 
7. Name those obtained by expression. 
8. Name those obtained by destructive distillation ? 
9. What is oil Neroli ? 
10. What is oil sweet Birch ? 
II. What is oil Fleebane ? 
12. What is oil teel or Benne ? 
13. What is oil Croton ? 
14. What is oil Etherial ? 
15. Give dose of Bitter almond oil. 
16. Give dose of Volatile Mustard oil. 
17. Give dose of Croton oil. 
18. Give strength of Phosphoreted oil. 
19. How is oil turpentine rectified ? 
1. Volatile and Fixed oils. 
2. Volatile oils evaporate and leave no residue, while most of 
the fixed oils will not dry, and if they do, form a skin. 
3. Yes, with six exceptions; oil of wintergreen, sassafras, 
cinnamon, allspice, bitter almond, and volatile mustard are 
heavier. 
OILS — Answers. 18 
4. Yes. 
5. No, except castor and ci'oton. 
6. By distillation, by expression, and destructive distillation. 
7. Expressed oil of almond, Bergamont, Orange peel, and 
Lemon. 
8. Oil of cade. 
9. Oil orange flowers. 
10. Oleum Betulae Volatile. 
11. Oleum Erigirontis. 
12. Oleum Sesami. 
13. Oleum Tiglii. 
14. Equal parts of heavy oil of Wine and Ether. 
15. £ to £ min. 
16. to J min. 
17. £ to 2 min. 
18. It is 1 %. 
19. With lime water. 
SOLUBILITIES. 
Soluble. 
All compounds of Na, K, and NIlr 
All nitrates, acetates, chlorates, Permanganates, Lactates, and 
Hypophosphites. 
All Bromides, Iodides, and Chlorides except those of Hg ( ?) Ag 
and Pb. 
All sulphates except those of Ba, Ca, and Pb. 
Insoluble. 
All hydrates, carbonates, phosphates, oxides, Sulphides, Arsen- 
ates, Arsenites, Borates, Tanates, and Silicates, except those 
of Na, K and NH3. 
Following will be found a list of the most important drugs to 
know the solubility of in water. 
In learning them I suggest that you take a strip of paper and 
cover up the answers and try to give them from memory and then 
look to see if you are right. 19 
1 part of is soluble in parts water. 
Acid Benzoic ...... 500 
Acid Boric ...... 25 
Acid Gallic . . . . . 100 
Acid Salicylic ...... 450 
Acid Tannic ...... 1 
Codeine ....... 80 
Cocaine Hyd. ...... .48 
Creasote . . . . . . . 150 
Magnesium Sulphate . . . . 1.5 
Corrosive Sublimate . . . . 16 
Calomel ....... insol. 
Morphine Sulp. ..... 21 
Chlorate of Potassium . . . . 16 
Potassium bromide . . . . . 1.6 
Potassium Bitart. . . . . . 200 
Quinine Sulp. . . . . . 740 
Resorcin ...... .6 
Thymol 1200 
Paraldehyde . . . . . . 8.5 
Borax ....... 16 
Sodium Salicylate ..... .9 
Zinc Sulphate ..... 2.7 
Iodides of Mercury .... insol. 
Antipyrine ...... 1 
Sugar of milk ...... 6 • 
Quinine Bisulphate . . . . 10 
Sodium Chloride ..... 2.8 
SPECIFIC GRAVITIES. 
Be sure you know the following Sp. Grs. 
Acid Acetic ...... 1.048 
Acid Carbolic ...... 1.065 
Acid Hy drochloric ..... 1.16 
Acid Nitric . . . . • . 1-42 
Acid Sulphuric . . . . • . 1-83 20 
Glycerin ....... 1.25 
Chloroform ...... 1.49 
Ether ....... .72 
Oleic acid ....... .90 
Alcohol ...... .819 to .938 
Syrup ....... 1.31 
Mercury ....... 13 
Drops in a fluid drachm. 
Acid Carbolic . . . . . . .111 
Ether . . . . . . . .178 
Alcohol . . . . . . . .146 
Chloroform ....... 250 
Creasote 122 
Fluid Extracts ...... 120-160 
Glycerin ........ 67 
Liquors ....... 60-80 
Oleoresins . . . . . . .120 
Volatile oils . . .... 115-140 
Spirit of Chloroform ..... 150 
Syrups ........ 65 
Tinctures and Wines .... 110-140 
ANTIDOTES. 
Be sure and have the antidotes for the following on the end of 
your tongue. 
Mineral acids ...... Dilute alkalies 
Carbolic and Creasote ...... Fixed oils 
Arsenic ....... ferric hydrate 
Oxalic acid ......... Lime 
Silver nitrate ...... Common Salt 
Opium ....... Strong Coffee 
Chloral ........ Whiskey 
Mercury salts ...... White of eggs 
Alkalies ........ Dilute acids 
If you want to give a quick emetic give Sulphate of Zinc, and 
don’t stop to weigh it. 21 
Tests for alkaloids. 
Morphine + HN03= Blood red. 
Morphine + Fe2Cl6 = Dark blue. 
Quinine + Cl + NH3 = Emerald green. 
Strychnine 4- H2S04 + Iv2Cr207 = purple. 
Atropine + K2Cr207 = green on standing. 
Brucine + H2S04 = pink. 
Aconitine = Put drop of solution on end of tongue, and if in- 
side of 15 min. you get tingling with numbness it is aconitine. 
PLANT DRUGS OF U. S. P. 
U. S. P. Name Common Name 
Absinthium ....... Wormwood 
Acacia ........ Gum Arabic 
Aconitum ..... Wolfsbane or Monkshood 
Allium . . . . . • . . . . Garlic 
Aloe (two) .... Barbadoes and Socotrine 
Althea ........ Marshmallow 
Amygdala Amara ..... Almond Bitter 
Amygdala Dulcis ..... Almond Sweet 
Amylum ......... Starch 
Amisum ......... Anise 
Anthemis ...... Roman Chamomile 
Apocynum ...... Canadian Hemp 
Arnica ....... Mountain tobacco 
Asclepias .... Pleurisy Root or Butterflyweed 
Aspidium ...... Male Fern or Filix Mas 
Aurantii Amari Cortex .... Bitter Orange Peel 
Ajirantii Dulcis Cortex .... Sweet Orange Peel 
Balsamum Peruvianum ..... Balsam Peru 
Balsamum Tolutanum ..... Balsam Tolu 
Belladonna ...... Deadly Nightshade 
Benzoinum ....... Gum benzoin 
Bryonia ......... Bryony 
Buchu ......... Buchu 22 
Calamus ........ Sweet Flag 
Calendula ........ Marigold 
Calumba ....... Columbo root 
Cambogia ........ Gamboge 
Camphora ....... Gum Camphor 
Cannabis Indica ...... Indian Hemp 
Cantharis Spanish Fly 
Capsicum .... Cayenne or African Pepper 
Cardamomum ...... Cardamon seed 
Carum ....... Caraway seed 
Caryophyllus ....... Cloves 
Cascarilla ....... Cascarilla Bark 
Cassia Fistula ...... Purging Cassia 
Castanea ........ Chestnut 
Catechu ......... Cutcli 
Caulophyllum .... Blue Cohosh or squaw root 
Cetraria ........ Iceland Moss 
Chelidonium ...... Garden Celandine 
Chenopodium ..... American Wormseed 
Chimaphila ... Princess Pine or Pipsissewa 
Chirata ........ Bitterstick 
Chondrus ...... Irish moss or carragreen 
Chrysarobinum ...... From Goa powder 
Cimicifuga .... Black Snakeroot or cohosh 
Cinchona ..... Calisaya or Jesuit’s Bark 
Cinnamomum (3) Chinese, Saigon and Ceylon 
Coca ........ Erythoxylon 
Coccus ........ Cochineal 
Colchicum Rad. and Sem. .... Meadow7 Saffron 
Colocynthis .... Bitter Apple and Cucumber 
Conium ....... Poison Hemlock 
Convallaria ...... Lily of the Valley 
Copaiba ....... Balsam Copaiba 
Coriandrum ....... Coriander 
Crocus ........ True Saffron 
Cubeba ......... Cubeb 23 
Cusso ....... Bray era or Kousso 
Cypripedium . . . Ladies Slipper or Moccasin Root 
Digitalis ......... Foxglove 
Dulcamara ....... Bittersweet 
Elastica ........ India Rubber 
Elaterinum ...... Squirting Cucumber 
Ergota ........ Ergot of Rye 
Eriodictyon .... Yerba Santa or Bear’s Weed 
Eucalyptus ....... Fever Tree 
Euronymus ........ W ahoo 
Eupatorium .... Boneset or Thoroughwort 
Fel Bovis ........ Oxgall 
Foeniculum ........ Fennel 
Frangula ....... Buckthorn 
Galla ......... Nutgall 
Gelsemium ...... Yellow Jasmine 
Gentian a ........ Gentian 
Geranium ........ Cranesbill 
Glycyrrhiza ....... Licorice Root 
Gossypii Rad. Cort. .... Cotton Seed Bark 
Granatum ....... Pomegranate 
Grindelia ........ Gum plant 
Guiaci Lig. ....... Liguin Vitae 
Guarana ....... Guarana Bread 
Haematoxylon ....... Logwood 
Hamamelis ....... Witch hazel 
Iledeoma ....... Pennyroyal 
Humulus ......... Hops 
Hydrastis .... Golden Seal or Yellow Root 
Hyoscyamus ........ Henbane 
Ichthyocolla ........ Isinglass 
Iris ......... Blue Flag 
Jalapa .......... Jalap 
Juglans Butternut 
Ivamala ........ Kamala 
Kino .......... Kino 24 
Krameria ........ Rhatany 
Lactucarium ........ Lettice 
Lappa ......... Burdock 
Leptandra ..... Culver’s or Black Root 
Linum ......... Flaxseed 
Lobelia .... Emetic Herb or Indian Tobacco 
Lycopodium ..... Vegetable Sulphur 
Macis .......... Mace 
Manna . . . . . . . Manna 
Marrubium ........ Horehound 
Mastiche ......... Mastic 
Matico ........ Matico 
Matricaria ...... German Chamomile 
Menispermum . . Yellow Barilla or Canada Moonseed 
Melissa ....... Lemon Balm 
Mentha Piperita ...... Peppermint 
Mentha Viridis ....... Spearmint 
Mezereiim ........ Mezereum 
Moschus ..... .... Musk 
Myristica ........ Nutmeg 
Myrrha ........ Gum myrrh 
Nux Vomica ....... Poison nut 
Opium ........ Opium 
Pareira ....... Pareira Brava 
Pepo ........ Pumpkin seed 
Physostigma .... Calabar or Ordeal Bean 
Phytolacca Fructus .... Poke or Pigeon berry 
Phytolacca Radix ...... Poke root 
Picrotoxinum ....... Picrotoxin 
Pilocarpus ....... Jaborandi 
Pimenta ........ Allspice 
Pix Burgundica . . . . Burgundy Pitch 
Pix Liquida ........ Tar 
Podophyllum .... May Apple or Mandrake 
Prunus Virginian a ...... Wild Cherry 
Pulsatilla ....... Pulsatilla 25 
Pyrethrum ........ Pellitory 
Quassia ........ Bitter Wood 
Quercus alba ....... White Oak 
Quillaja ........ Soap Bark 
Resina ........ Colophony 
Rhamnus Purshiana .... Cascara Sagrada 
Rheum ......... Rhubarb 
Rhus Glabra ....... Sumach 
Rhus Toxicodendron ..... Poison Ivy 
Rosa Centifolia ...... Pale Rose 
Rosa Gallica ....... Red Rose 
Rubus ........ Blackberry 
Rubus Idaeus ....... Raspberry 
Rumex ........ Yellow Dock 
Sabina ........ Savine Tops 
Salvia ......... Sage 
Sambucus ....... Elder Flowers 
Sanguinaria ..... Bloodroot or Puccoon 
Santalum Rubrum ..... Red Saunders 
Santonica ..... Levant Wormseed 
Sarsaparilla ....... Sarsaparilla 
Sassafras ....... Sassafras 
Sassafras Medulla ...... Sassafras Pith 
Scammonium ....... Scammony 
Scilla ......... Squill 
Scoparius ........ Broom 
Scutellaria ..... Scullcap or Wad weed 
Senega ... . . . . . . . Senega 
Senna ......... Senna 
Serpentaria . . . . . . Virg. Snakeroot 
Sinapis Alba ...... White Mustard 
Spigelia ......... Pinkroot 
Staphisagria ....... Stavesacre 
Stillingia ...... Queen’s or silver root 
Strammonium ....... Thorn apple 
Stropanthus ....... Stropanthus 26 
Styrax ......... Storax 
Sumbul ........ Sumbul 
Tamarindus ........ Tamarind 
Tanacetum ........ Tansy 
Taraxacum ....... Dandelion 
Terebinthina ....... Turpentine 
Terebinthina Canadensis ..... Fir Balsam 
Tragacanthus ....... Tragacanth 
Trititum ...... Couch or dog grass 
Ulmus ......... Elm 
Uva Ursi . . . . . . . Bearberry 
Valeriana ........ Valerian 
Veratrina ........ Veratrine 
Veratrum Viride ..... American Hellabore 
Viburnum Opulus ...... Cramp Bark 
Viburnum Prunifolium ..... Black Haw 
Xanthoxylum ...... Toothache Tree 
Xanthoxylum ....... Prickly Ash 
Xanthoxylum ....... Angelica Tree 
Xanthoxylum ....... Pepper Wood 
Xanthoxylum ........ Tea Ash 
Zea .......... Corn Silk 
Zingiber ......... Ginger 
UNOFFICIAL DRUGS. 
Lactuca ......... Lettice 
Dracontium ...... Skunk Cabbage 
Cornus ........ Dogwood 
Olibanum ....... Frankinsense 
Origanum ...... Sweet Majoram 
Helonias ........ False Unicorn 
Hepatica ....... Liverwort 
Aletris ........ Star Grass 
Prinos ..... Black alder or Feverbusli 
Hirudo ......... Leeches 27 
Galangal ....... China or India root 
Azedarack ...... Pride of India 
Chinoidine ...... Extract of Bark 
Cydonium ....... Quince Seed 
Trifolium ........ Clover 
Agaric ...... Touchwood or Spunk 
Cochlearia ....... Horse Radish 
Leonurus ........ Motherwort 
Turnera ........ Damiana 
Adonis ........ Bird’s Eye 
Coptis ........ Gold Thread 
Petroselinum ........ Parsley 
Apium ......... Celery 
Geum ........ Water Avens 
Satureja ....... Summer Savory 
Ruta .......... Rue 
SYNONYMS. 
Mountain Tobacco ....... Arnica 
Filix Mas ....... Aspidium 
Secale Cornutum ....... Ergot 
Monkshood ........ Aconite 
Butterfly Weed ....... Asclepias 
Mountain Balm ...... Yerba Santa 
Squaw Root ....... Caulophyllum 
Bitter Apple ....... Colocynthus 
May Apple ....... Podophyllum 
Thorn Apple ....... Strammonium 
Love Apple ........ Tomato 
Cutch ......... Catechu 
Sweet Root ....... Licorice Root 
Indian Sage ....... Eupatorium 
Bears Weed ....... Eriodictyon 
Bitterstick ........ Chirata 
Wolfsbane ........ Aconite 
Gum Plant ........ Grindelia 28 
Emetic Weed ........ Lobelia 
Vegetable Sulphur ...... Lycopodium 
Consumptive’s Weed ..... Eriodictyon 
Yellow Root ....... Hydrastis 
Black Root ....... Leptandra 
Pink Root ........ Spigelia 
Moccasin Root ...... Cypripedium 
Poison Nut . . . . . . . Nux Vomica 
Dog Grass ........ Triticum 
Bitterwood ........ Quassia 
Indian Tumeric ...... Hydrastis 
Sacred Bark ........ Cascara 
Jesuit’s Bark ........ Cinchona 
Jamestown Weed ...... Strammonium 
Indian Paint ....... Sanguinaria 
Hoodwort ....... Scutillaria 
Silver Leaf . . . • . . ■ . . . Stillingia 
Toothache Tree ...... Xanthoxylon 
Apple Peru ....... Strammonium 
Cliitten Bark ........ Cascara 
Madweed ....... Scutillaria 
Black Snakeroot ......' Cimicifuga 
Fish Berry ....... Picrotoxin 
Pigeon Berry ...... Phytolacca Fruit 
Lactuca ......... Lettice 
Deadly Nightshade ...... Belladonna 
Bugsbane ....... Cimicifuga 
Black Cherry ....... Belladonna 
Ice Vine ........ Pareira 
Orange root . . . . . . . . Hydrastis 
Prince’s Pine ....... Chimiaphila 
Pukeweed ........ Lobelia 
Queen’s Delight ....... Stillingia 
Ruby wood . . . . . . .Red Saunders 
Smart Weed ....... Water pepper 
Bayberry ....... Myrcia, Bay 
American Valerian ...... Cypripedium 29 
IDENTIFICATION. 
When you try to identify a number of drugs, the following 
things should be remembered. 
Don’t taste anything until you have gone over them and told 
those you are able to, by looks and odor. Then begin and taste. 
Don’t take a whole mouthful, but the smallest amount possible 
to get a taste. The best way to do is to place a drop on your 
hand and taste that drop. Then if you don’t recognize it, take a 
larger amount to taste. 
Following are a few hints on the plant drugs. 
Blue cohosh, spigelia and serpentaria look a good deal alike. 
They can be recognized this way. Blue cohosh has rather a large 
root in with it. Serpentaria has a taste, and spigelia has hardly 
any taste. 
The three cinnamons can generally be told this way. The 
ordinary cinnamon is the cassia. The Ceylon is light brown and 
curled up. The Saigon is heavy and thick. 
Remember that Kamala is a red powder, looks like brick dust. 
Red Saunders is a red coarse powder, and Logwood is small red 
chips. Guaiac is a green chip. 
Conium and anise look something alike, but conium has no 
odor. American wormseed has a kerosene-like odor. 
You are liable to have most any of the plant drugs to tell, and 
below is a list of the liquids and salts, that are repeatedly put 
out to be recognized. 
LIQUIDS. 
Acetic acicl dilute .... Liquor Amm. Acet. 
Aromatic sulphuric acid .... Liquor Calcis 
Alcohol ..... Liquor Plumbi Subacet. 
Aquae (official) ...... Chalk Mixture 
Balsam Copaiba ...... Brown’s Mixture 
Elixir Aromatic ...... Mucilage Acacia 
FI. Ext. Ergot ....... Castor Oil 
FI. Ext. Dandelion ...... Glycerin 30 
FI. Ext. Coca ...... Cotton Seed Oil 
FI. Ext. Buchu Spirits (official) 
FI. Ext. Hydrastis ..... Syrup Orange 
Chloroform emulsion ..... Syrup Ipecac 
Ammonia liniment ...... Syrup Tar 
Soap liniment ..... Syrup Wild Cherry 
Lime liniment ...... Syrup Rhubarb 
Syrup Senega ..... Tinctures (official) 
Syrup Tolu ....... 
SOLIDS. 
Acetanilid ...... Potassium Bitartrate 
Benzoic acid ...... Potassium Chlorate 
Boric acid ....... Rochelle Salts 
Citric acid ....... Potassium Iodide 
Gallic acid . ...... Potassium Nitrate 
Tannic acid ....... Powders (official) 
Salicylic acid ...... Sugar of Milk 
Tartaric acid ......... Salol 
Alum ........ Sodium Bicarb. 
Ammonium Carb. ...... Sodium Borate 
Ammonium Chloride .... Sodium Carbonate 
Chalk ........ Sodium Chloride 
Charcoal ....... Sodium Salicylate 
Wax . . . . . . . Sodium Sulphate 
Magnesia . . . . . . . Washed Sulphur 
Magnesium Sulphate ..... Precip. Sulphur 
Lead Acetate. 
Iron Sulphate. 
Copper Sulphate. 31 
The following pages contain over 500 questions, with their 
answers, that have been asked at Examinations in Pharmacy. 
I would suggest that you study the preceding pages before try- 
ing to answer the questions. Then let some person pick out 20 
of the questions, and have you answer them without any help. 
By this way you will soon become familiar with the different 
kinds of questions asked. 
QUESTIONS. 
1. What is (a) Pharmacology; (b) Pharmacognosy; (c) 
Posology; (d) Toxicology; (e) Botany ? 
2. Define technical terminology and nomenclature, and give 
the reason for its use in Pharmacy. 
3. Name the chemical constituents of plant drugs (12 in all). 
4. («) Name the inert constituents of above. (b) Name the 
active medicinal constituents of above. 
5. How many fl. oz. in one av. lb. of the following: (a) Ether ; 
(b) Chloroform; (c) Glycerin; (d) Oil of Peppermint; (e) 
Water ? 
6. A solid soluble in water weighs in air 170 grs. and in Ether 
of Sp. gr. .75 it weighs 135 grs. What is the Sp. gr. of the 
solid ? 
7. (a) Name one drug that is not to be used until one year 
old ; (b) two that are collected from second year’s growth; (c) 
two that are no good after one year old. 
8. Give an example of a true (a) Balsam; (b) Resin; (c) 
Oleoresin; (d) Gum Resin; (e) Gum. 
9. What is the approximate equivalent in the metric system of 
the following: (a) T\j gr.; (b) 5 gr.; (c) 1 fl. oz.; (d) 100 min.; 
(e) 1 qt. ? 
10. What would be the weight in grains of one fl. oz. of each : 
(a) Glycerin; (b) Chloroform; (c) Alcohol; (d) Ether; (e) 
W ater. 
11. What is the required °J0 of absolute acid in (a) Phos- 
phoric dilute; (b) Acetic; (c) Acetic dilute ; (d) Sulphuric; (e) 32 
Aromatic sulphuric; (/*) Nitric dilute; (g) Hydrocyanic; (A) 
Hydrochloric? 
12. What is the menstruum used in making (a) Tinct. 
Aconite; (A) Cinch Co.; (c) Amnion. Valerinate; (d) Ammon. 
Guaiac ; (e) Capsici; (f) Gent. Co.; (g) Sanguinaria ; (A) Opii 
Deod.; {%) Recent Herbs ; (J) Aloes ? 
13. Write chemical formula for (a) Sulphuric Acid ; (A) Iodide 
Potash; (c) Carbolic Acid ; (d) Epsom Salts; (e) Common Salt; 
(/) Water; (g) Green Yitrol; (h) Alcohol; (i) Nitric Acid; (j) 
Caustic Potash. 
14. Name source and give some idea of how prepared or 
obtained : (a) Sulphuric Acid ; (A) Chlorinated Lime ; (c) Chloro- 
form ; (d) Acetic Acid. 
15. Give official process for making the following syrups: 
(a) Squill; (A) Squill Co.; (c) Iodide of Iron; (d) Tolu; (e) 
Ipecac. 
16. Give full Latin title for (a) Iron ; (b) Alum ; (c) Rochelle 
Salts; (d) Lady’s Slipper; (e) Blackberry; (f) Pleurisy Root; 
(g) Arbor Vitae; (A) Cloves; (i) Wild Majoram; (J) Bear- 
berry. 
17. Ammonia. Give chemical formula; chief commercial 
source; describe it. How much strong would be required to 
make a quart of official Aqua ? 
18. What would be the cost of two fluid ounces of a 4 % solu- 
tion of cocaine, if cocaine cost $6 per oz. ? 
19. Give meaning of (a) Haustus; (A) Cochlear; (c) Cibum; 
(d) Parvum; (e) Emesis; (f) Enema; (g) Gutta; (A) Recens. 
20. What are oleates ? Name those official. Give strength of 
each. 
21. Give full botanical name of the plant from which the fol- 
lowing are obtained : (a) Aconite ; (A) Garlic ; (c) Emetin ; (d) 
Santonin;. (e) Brucine; (f) Carragreen ; (g) Guarana; (A) oil 
Bergamont; (i) Eserine. 
22. Name the maximum adult dose of (a) Ext. Cannabis 
Indica ; (A) Mercuric Chloride ; (c) Codeine ; (d) Spts Chloro- 
form; (e) Potass. Acetate ; (/) Tinct. Aconite ; (g) Santonin ; 33 
(h) Iodine ; (i) Atropia; (j) Opium ; (k) Oil of Gaultheria; (l) 
Antifebrin; (m) Digitalis; (n) Croton oil; (o) Caffeine; (p) 
Arsenic; (<7) Tinct. Ver. Yer. ; (r) Salol; (s) Spts. Mendererus 
(t) FI. Ext. Ergot? : 
23. What are the ingredients of (a) the official soaps? (b) 
Tinct. Aloes; (c) Griffith’s Mixture; (d) Basilicon Ointment; 
(e) Spt. Mendererus ; (/) Tr. Rhei; (g) Lugol’s solution ? 
24. Name the geographical source and what part used (a) 
Cloves; (b) Chondrus ; (c) Catechu; (d) Colocynth; (e) Aloes 
{/) Quassia; (g) Saffron; (h) Santonica; (i) Copaiba; (j) 
Nux Vomica. 
25. Define and give example of each of the following: (a) 
Halogen; (b) Balsam; (c) Sudorific; (d) Soporific; 
fuge ; (f) Disinfectant; (g) Liquor. 
26. Antidote for ; (a) Tinct. Aconite ; (b) Tinct. Iodine ; (c) 
Poison Fly-paper ; (d) Instantaneous Hair Dye. 
27. Solubility of (a) Arsenious acid; (5) Boric acid; (c) 
Gallic acid; (d) Salicylic acid; (e) Tannic acid; (/*) Atropine 
sulphate; (g) Chloral; (h) Chloroform; (i) Potas Bitart; (j) 
Potas Chorate ; (k) Quinine Sulph. ; (l) Sugar ; (m) Strychnine ; 
(?i) Calomel; (0) Mercuric Chlor.; (p) Bism. Sulnit.; (<7) 
Strychnine Sulphate ; (r) Codeine ? 
28. In one pound avoir, how many (a) Troy ounces; (b) 
Grammes; (c) Hectogrammes ? 
29. Give name and quantities of each ingredient required to 
make 4 troy oz. of Dovers powder. 
30. Define (a) Dessication ; (5) Colation; (0) Comminution ; 
(d) Levigation; (e) Synthesis? 
31. How many drops in a drachm of (a) Fluid Extracts; (b) 
oils ; (c) Tinct.; (d) Prussic Acid ? 
32. Give formula for a 50% emulsion of C. L. O. and state 
how you would make it. 
33. Give dose of (a) Corrosive Sublimate; (b) Carbolic Acid 
(c) Salol; (d) Menthol; (e) Cyanide of Pot.; (/') Digitalis. 
34. Define; which are animal; (a) Sanguis; (b) Coccus; (c) 
Lac. 34 
35. Define Veseccant; (5) Emollient; (c) Diuretic (d) Drastic; 
(e) Epispastic. 
36. Give the ingredients of (a) Brown’s Mixture ; (b) Chalk 
Mixt.; (c) Neutral Mix; (e) Dewee’s Carminative. 
37. What is Specific Gravity. 
38. Name 5 Astringents and doses. 
39. Name 5 Aperients and doses. 
40. Name 5 Analgesics and doses. 
41. Give antidote for (a) Aconite; (b) Oxalic Acid; (c) Lead 
salts; (d) Aqua ammonia; (e) Mineral Acids. 
42. Name waters made by (a) simple solution; (b) passing gas 
through water; (c) Percolation; (d) Distillation. 
43. Jalap: Botanical name, active principle, and medicinal 
ingredients ? 
44. How much Quinine in one ounce of cinchonia bark; (b) 
What number of grains will 4 fl. oz. of alcohol weigh ? 
45. Name active principle of (a) Monkshood; (b) Deadly 
Nightshade; (c) Goldenseal; (d) Guarana ; (e) Ipecac. 
46. Give name and dose of (a) Mercuric Iodide; (b) Mercuric 
Chloride; (c) Mercuric Oxide. 
47. Give name, habitat, and part used of (a) Pleurisy Root; 
(b) Blackberry ; (c) Stavesacre ; (d) Henbane; (e) Pipsissewa. 
48. A man has 100 lbs. Iodide of Potash, he sold of it for 
$3.25 per lb.; £ of the remainder at 5 cents advance, lost 5 % of 
what remained and closed it out for $100. How much did he 
realize ? and how much per lb. for the last lot ? 
49. What is the % of a solution ; (a) 1 to 2 ; (b) 1 to 5; (c) 
1 to 30 ; (d) 1 to 50 ; (e) 1 to 2000 ? 
50. Give specific antidote for (a) Oxalic Acid; (b) Aconite ; (c) 
Belladonna; (d) Digitalis; (e) Cantharides. 
51. Give ingredients of the two official Elixirs. 
52. What are the equivalents of the following: (a) teacupful; 
(b) 4 wineglassfuls ; (c) 5 tablespoonfuls ; (d) 6 dessertspoon- 
fuls ; (e) 7 teaspoonfuls? 
53. Give the meaning of (a) Diaphoretic ; (b) Vermicide ; (c) 
Febrifuge ; (d) Convulsent; (e) Analgesic; (/*) Emollients; (g) 
Caustic; (h) Drastic. 35 
54. Give English name for (a) Colaturae; (b) Extende; (c) 
Modicus; (o?) O. O. 0.; (e) Bis in die; (f) Ut dictum; (g) 
Ne trades sine nummo ; (h) Non repetat. 
55. How much KBr in 1 pt. of Elixir of KBr ? 
56. What is the difference between (a) Fusion and Calcina- 
tion; (b) Deflagration and Torrefaction; (c) Emulsion and 
Mixture; (d) Ointment and Cerate? (e) Name a natural Emul- 
sion ? 
57. Give dose in min. of Tinctures of (a) Aconite; (5) Bella- 
donna; (c) Colchicum ; (cl) Cantharides; (e) Opii Deod.; (f) 
Iodine; (g) Physostigma; (h) Capsicum; (») Hyoscyamus. 
58. Give source and dose of (a) Resorcin; (b) Piperin; (c) 
Leptandrin; (cl) Thymol; (e) Aloin; (f) Salol; (g) Guaiacol; 
(h) Terebene ; (i) Eucalyptol. 
59. Give % strength of (a) Tinct. Iron; (b) Tr. Iodine; (c) 
Tr. Verat Yir; (d) Tr. Nux Vomica (e) Tr. Green Soap; (f) 
Spts. Ether; (g) Fowler’s Solution ; (h) Donovan’s Solution? 
60. How much water is required to dissolve 1 oz. of (a) Pot. 
Chlorate; (b) Pot. Bromide: (c) Pot. Iodide; (d) Calomel; (e) 
Corrosive Sublimate. 
61. What Ointment or Cerates are made (a) by Fusion ; (b) 
by Incorporation ; (c) Chemical Reaction? (d) How much Hg. 
in Mercury Ointment ? 
62. (a) Give strength of U. S. P. Phosphorus Pills, (b) 
Give process in detail for making 60 pills. 
68. (a) What dose ous and ic mean when applied to salts ? (b) 
What is a stearopten ? 
64. (a) What changes take place in Volatile Liniment? (b) 
What is Soda ? (c) What is Terebene ? 
65. (a) What is the temperature of a sand bath ; (b) Oil Bath ; 
(c) Steam Bath? 
66. (a) Name the official Preparations of Lime ; (b) Prep. 
Chalk; (c) Precip. Chalk; (d) Name an Inorganic Acid; (e) 
Name an Organic Acid. 
67. 1 lb. of Ojfiuni assays 7 % of Alkaloid, 1 lb. of another 
lot assays 18 °J0 of Alkaliod. How much Opium can you get 
from above that will assay 14 % ? 36 
69. What is the difference between a Cake and a Powdered 
Sublimate ? Give an example of each. 
70. What is the relative difference of Guarana and Kola nut 
as to their Caffeine, and do they differ therapeutically in any 
particular ? 
71. Criticise the following : 
(a) Morph. Sulph. grs. vih 
Syrup Aurantii § ss. 
Aquae qs. ad. § ii 
Sig. 3 i every two hours until relieved. 
(b) Antipyrine grs. xii 
Spts. Ether, Nit. § ss. 
Aquae qs. ad. § iv 
Sig. 3 i t. i. d. 
72. What is (a) Rhizome; (b) Petal; (c) Corm; (d) Tuber ; 
(e) Corolla; (/') Leaflet; (g) Calyx; (h) Fibre. 
73. Give ingredients of (a) FoAvler’s Solution; (b) Labar- 
raque’s; (c) Lugol’s; (cl) Elixir Vitriol; (e) Donovan’s Solu- 
tion ; (f) Tulley’s Powder. 
74. Ext. Colocynth Co. is made with 16 parts Ext. Colocy.; 50 
pts. Aloes; 6 of Cardamon ; 14 Scammony; 10 Alcohol. Write 
formula giving quantities required to make 1 lb. avoir. 
75. I have an av. oz. of Opium containing 10 °J0 Morphine, 
and I want to mix with it enough Sugar of Milk to produce a 
mixture containing 1 % Morphine. How many grams of such a 
mixture can be made from the oz. of Opium and how much Sugar 
of Milk required ? 
76. Give the % of the following Spts.: (a) Ammonia; (b) 
Anise; (c) Glonoin; (d) Bitter Almond; (e) Orange; (/') 
Camphor; (g) Ether. 
77. How often is the U. S. P. revised and by whom is it 
done ? 
78. What principle tending to simplify the preparations of 
medicines was adopted in the last revision ? 
79. Give Latin for (a) Poison Ivy; (b) Pleurisy; (c) Nut- 
meg; (cl) Wahoo; (e) Saffron; (/) Juglans; (g) Lappa; (h) 
Brayeria. 37 
80. State how obtained and whether volatile or fixed: (a) Oil 
Orange FI.; (b) Oil Lemon; (c) Oil Cajuput; (cl) Oil Sassafras; 
(e) Croton Oil ; (/) Castor Oil. 
81. State specific antidote for (a) Arsenic ; (b) Strong Acids ; 
(c) Phosphorus ; (cl) Silver ; (e) Lead. 
82. Give general course of treatment in case of poisoning. 
83. Taken in medicinal dose what is affect (a) Chloral; (b) 
Jaborandi; (c) Rhubarb; (cl) Valerian ; (e) Pink Root? 
84. State starting point of Metric System and how the unit of 
weight, capacity and measure were derived and give equivalents. 
85. (a) How many avoir, oz. in 1 pt. of Glycerin ? (b) What 
is the cost of 425 grains of Zinc. Snip, at 33i cents per lb.? 
86. (a) What is Hydrargyrum? (b) Name the official Salts of 
Mercury and give formula, (c) What effect of Pot. Iodide when 
added to Mercuric Salts ? 
87. Of what composed : (a) Tally’s Pd.; (b) Seidlitz Pd.; (c) 
Heira Picra ; (cl) Donovan’s Sol.; (e) Iluxham’s Tinct. ? 
88. How would you distinguish between (a) Iodide and 
Bromide of Pot.; (b) Epsom Salts and White Vitriol; (c) 
Quinine and Morphine; (cl) Olive and Cotton Seed Oil; (e) 
Alum and Borax ? 
89. State difference between (a) Ad and Adde ; (b) Capiat 
and Cibus ; (c) Pro and Per. 
90. Give °]0 required of (a) total Alkaloids in Cuichona ; (b) 
Ethyl Nitrite in Nitrous Ether; (c) Alcohol in Red Wine. 
91. State what acids and bases unite to form (a) Sulphate 
Soda; (b) Sulphite of Soda; (c) Borate of Soda; (cl) Sugar of 
Lead ; (e) Copperas. 
92. From what source and what is the dose (a) Antipyrine; (b) 
Acetanilid; (c) Phenacetine ; (cl) Sulfonal; (e) Aristol; (f) 
Iodol. 
93. Petrolatum : Give source how purified and melting point. 
94. Give formula for (a) Mitigated Caustic; (b) Lunar Caustic. 
95. Give solubility of the following: (a) Boric Acid; (b) 
Tannin ; (c) Borax; (cl) Cocaine; (e) Cocaine Hdy.; (f) Aceta- 
nilid (g) Antipyrine. 38 
96. What is the active principle of (a) Aconite ; (b) Ingluvin; 
(c) Ipecac; (d) Digitalis; (e) Cochineal; (/*) Bellad? 
97. What is air ? Give its constituents. 
98. What are the following and give ingredients; (a) Dewee's 
Carm.; (b) Brown’s Mixt.; (c) Neutral Mixt.; (d) what are 
expectorants ? 
99. Give Chemical Formula of (a) Soda Carbonate; (b) 
Iodide of Soda; (c) Bicarbonate of Soda. 
100. (a) Blackberry: what part is used and what for; dose? 
(bi) Poison Ivy: give part used and habitat, (c) Sambucus: 
what part is used and what for ? 
101. How much Acetic Acid is required to make 18 av. oz. of 
dil. acid ? How much to make 300 grms. ? 
102. It is desired to dilute stronger Ammonia Water to 10 
per cent., what proportions shall I use ? 
103. Give technical name for (a) Kermes Mineral; (b) India 
Rubber; (c) Mitigated Caustic. 
104. By what method do you obtain the equivalent of (a) one 
grain ? (b) Having obtained it how would you obtain the equiva- 
lent of an av. oz. 
105. Give quickest method for making (a) Mucilage of 
Acacia; (b) Syr. Pruni Yirg.; (c) Liq. Calcis; (d) Sol. kali. 
Chlorate. 
106. What is Garbling? Describe drugs so treated either 
accidently or intentionally. 
107. (a) What is the best preservative of Saccharine Solutions ? 
(b) The quickest method of dissolving Scale Salts of Iron? 
108. Name the acids, waters, glycerites and solid extracts that 
have been added to the IT. S. P., 1890. 
109. Name all the parts of a flower. Define a complete, per- 
fect and a regular flower. What is a Petiole ? 
110. Which of the following as a rule are soluble in water: 
(a) Acetates; (b) Carbonates; (c) Chlorides; (d) Citrates; (e) 
Cyanides; (/) Hydrates; ((/) Oxalates ; (h) Nitrates; (i) 
Tartrates ? 
111. Give per cent, of (a) Liq. Soda; (b) Liq. Calcis; (c) 39 
Liq. Zinc; (cl) Liq. Plumbi Subacetas; (e) Liq. Sodae Chlorat.; 
(f) Liq. Aram. Acetat.; (g) Liq. Pot. Arsen. 
112. State maximum dose of (a) Aconite ; (b) Ext. Aconite; 
(c) Ext. Opii; (cl) Phosp.; (e) Salol; (/) Iodoform; (g) 
Oxalic Acid ; (h) Guarana ; (i) Bromoform. 
113. Alkaloids, (a) How extracted from drug, (b) What 
acid will ppt. them ? (c) What elements do they contain? (cl) 
When heated with Alkali what do they give off ? (e) How are 
they usually combined in the plant ? 
114. Describe Potassium, («) What used to be the sole 
source of its Salts? (b) From what other source now obtained? 
(c) Give a simple test for Pot. Salts, (cl) What is Potassa? 
115. Name the important principles in (a) Hemlock; (b) 
Senna; (c) Kino; (cl) Quillaja ; (e) Illicum; (/) Eucalyptus; 
(g) Buchu ; (h) Guarana. 
116. What volume of Ether will be required to counterpoise 4 
6. oz. of Chloroform of Sp. Gr. 1.49 ? Give an answer in fl. oz. 
and fraction in min. 
117. Give ingredients of the Confections and how many 
official ? 
118. How many av. oz. are represented by the sum of (a) 10 
dekagrams; (b) kilos. ; (c) 25 decigrams; (cl) 3 Troy 
oz. ; (e) grains ? 
119. How make Red Ppt. Ointment? 
120. Give meaning of (a) Antiseptic; (b) Aperient; (c) 
Epispatic ; (cl) Somnifacient; (e) Hemostatic ; (f) Sialogogue; 
(g) Taenicide. 
121. What is the difference between Alkaloids and Gluco- 
sides ? 
122. Aloes : what is it; source; how obtained ; habitat and 
official preparations. 
123. For what poison would you give (a) Sodium Chloiide ; 
(b) Chalk; (c) Epsom Salts; (cl) Coffee; (e) Soapsuds; (/) 
Olive Oil; (g) Whiskey; (h) Vinegar ? 
124. What is Bromoform, give dose? How much Iodine in 
Iodide of Pot.? 40 
125. (a) What is the term perfoliate? (b) What is Queen of 
the Meadow and give botanical name ? 
126. Describe (a) Cerate; (b) Ointment; (c) Fusion; (d) 
Incorporation, (e) Name 4 Cerates and Ointments made by 
fusion ; (/') 2 by incorporation ; (</) 1 by chemical reaction. 
127 If a bottle full of water weighs 31 oz. av. and the same 
bottle filled with oil sp. gr. .91 weighs 29 oz. 245 grains av., how 
many avoir, oz. will the bottle hold, and what is the weight of 
the bottle ? 
128. If moist Opium containing 10£ per cent. Morphine loses 
30 per cent, of its weight by drying, how much per cent, of 
Morphine will it contain when dry ? 
129. In making ointments by fusion, what precaution do you 
take ? What rule should be observed in making ointments ? 
130. Give name of 3 or 4 excipients used in making U. S. P. 
pills. 
131. Write six formulae for pills, stating which excipient you 
would use and Avliy. There must be at least 3 diff. excip. used. 
132. Name official masses, and how is Massa Copaiba made. 
133. Translate into English the folio wing: (a) Ter; (b) 
tussis; (c) Kept; (d) Sine; (e) rec; (/)pondus; (g) bibe. 
134. What are the proteid compounds, and where are they 
found? 
135. Name two or more products from animal substances 
giving name of animal and medicinal use. 
136. What are alkaloids? Give Latin and English termina- 
tion of all alkaloids ? 
137. (a) What are Glueosides ? (b) Give symbol of Glucose, 
(c) What are Resins ? (d) What are Alkalies ? (e) What are 
Synthetic Compounds ? 
138. Name the official (a) Gums; (b) Oleo-resins; (c) Stea- 
roptins ; (d) Gum Resins ; (e) Balsams? 
139. Give common name of (a) Hirudo; (b)Inula; (c) Scopa- 
rius; (d) Ilydrarg; (e) Viburnum Opulus; (f) Matricaria; 
(g) Hydr. Per. Chi.; (A) Hyd. Sub. Chi.; (i) Hyd. Sub. Sulph. 
Flava. 41 
140. Give the formula for Dover’s Powder. Amt. of each 
article required in making 1 av. lb.; 1 kilo, and 250 grms. 
141. Oil of Wintergreen : Give botanical name of plant from 
which obtained. What acid is obtained from it? What is its 
sp. gr. ? 
142. What tinctures are made with Aromatic Spts. Ammon, 
as a menstruum ? 
143. Resorcin: How obtained? Give medicinal properties. 
Has it any medicinal relation to Carbolic Acid. 
144. Eucalyptus Globulus: Give common name; habitat; 
part used; active principles; medicinal properties. Give dose 
and name two official preparations. 
145. What is the unit of Linear measure, and how obtained? 
146. Cinchona Bark : Give botanical name ; parts employed ; 
medicinal properties. Name three of its Alkaloids. Which has 
the most Quinine, the Yellow or Red? 
147. Mention the drugs that form a natural emulsion when 
triturated with water, and how does this differ from one contain- 
ing an oil ? 
148. Write a formula in which one ounce of Oleum Ricini 
enters into a 4 oz. Emulsion. 
149. What is Pyroxylin? Name official prep, into which it 
enters. 
150. What proportion or per cent, of water is required to hold 
crystals of Carbolic Acid in solution? What would you give for 
antidote of it ? 
151. Give symbol of 10 of the elements. 
152. Why does Lime Water become cloudy on exposure to 
air; also Goulard’s Ext. ? Wliat is the ppt. formed in each 
case ? 
153. What adulterations would you expect to find in the fol- 
lowing drugs and what test would you apply for each : (a) 
Hlmus Powd.; (b) Taraxicum ; (c) Olive Oil; (d) Powd. Acacia ; 
(e) Bismuth Sub. nit.? 
154. Mention a product of (a) Torrefaction; (b) Carboniza- 
tion; (c) Sublimation. 42 
155. What is Chloroform chemically? 
156. What is used, and how much of each, to make (a) 1 lb. 
av. of Dover’s Powd.; (b) 20 6. oz. Ess. Peppermint; (c) 500 
cc. Paregoric? 
157. (a) What is the substance in drugs which gives the 
astringent property ? (b) How make Epsom Salts; (c) Sal 
Prunelle; (cl) Sal Tartar? 
158. If a man comes into your store and wants 1 lb. of Potash, 
what would you give him? 
159. How make (a) Syr. Squills; (b) Syr. Ipecac; (c) Syr. 
Senega; (d) Tinct. Opii Camph.; (e) Syr. Wild Cherry; (/') 
Syr. Tolu? 
160. Give Latin name for (a) Brown’s Mixt.; (b) Black 
Draught; (c) Turlington’s Balsam ; (e) James’Powder? 
161. Give formula for U. S. P. Pill Cathartic Comp. No. 50. 
How many min. in a pint? 
162. What are Pills, and how many kinds are official? Essen- 
tial requirements for a good pill mass. 
163. What fluid ext. is made with Water of Ammonia? 
Object in using it? 
164. Cerates are made of 30 parts white wax and 70 parts 
lard; what quantities required to make 1 lb. av.? 
165. What does Glycerin come from, and what is it good for 
in Pharmacy? 
166. Name 5 U. S. P. syrups made from fluid ext. 
167. Into what prep, do (a) Stearic Acid, (b) Bellad 
Leaves, (c) Barium Dioxide enter into ? 
168. The dose of a substance is of a grain? How many 
doses in fa of a grain ? 
169. Give solubility of (a) Arsenious Acid ; (b) Boric Acid ; 
(c) Gallic Acid; (cl) Salicylic Acid; (e) Pot. Chlorate; (f) 
Atropia; (g) Atropia Sulp.; (h) Chloral; (i) Chloroform. 
170. Official titles and parts used of (a) Yerba Santa; (b) 
Allspice; (c) Male Fern; (cl) Raspberry; (e) Elecampagne; 
(f) Bitter Sweet. 
171. Give meaning (a) Gravimetric; (b) Isomeric; (c) Pris- 
matic; (cl) Exsicated ; (e) Inspissated. 43 
172. What will be the action of Nitric Acid on cotton? 
173. What is filtration and when is a plain and when a plaited 
filter best used ? 
174. (a) Should you wet the filter before using? (b) Is white 
or gray filter paper best to use for acids and strong alkalies? 
(c) Why? 
175. Give IT. S. P. method of obtaining Aqua Destillata? 
176. (a) How many inches in a meter ; (b) ounces in a liter; 
(c) c.c. in 100 ounces; (d) grains in a troy ounce? 
177. Name the ingredients of (a) Bascilicon Ointment; (b) 
Glycerin Suppositories; (c) Aromatic Elixir; (d) Black Draught. 
178. Give IT. S. P. title and how made: (a) Lunar Caustic; 
(5) Bitter Almond Water; (c) Syrup Almond; (cl) Warming 
Plaster. 
179. What part of the following are official (a) Rhus Glabra; 
(b) RhusTox; (c) Stram. ; (d) Santonica; (e) Pimenta ; (f) 
Pareira Brava ; (g) Matico ; (h) Lycopodium ? 
180. What is a repellant and an absorbant? Is Lycopodium 
an absorbant ? 
181. Give chemical formula for (a) AquaFortis; (b) Alcohol; 
(c) Hydrogen Peroxide ; (d) Sal Tartar; (e) Soda Bicarb; (/) 
Glauber Salts ; (g) Salt Peter. 
182. 32 oz. of liquid weighs 44 oz. (av.), what is its Sp. Gr. 
183. If 500 grams of Ether, Sp. gr. .72, cost $1.25, how 
much will a liter cost ? 
184. Give ordinary dose of the following in both Troy and 
Metric; (a) Iodine; (b) Digitalis; (c) Atropine; (d) Camphor; 
(e) Asafoetida ; (/') Iodoform ; (g) Catechu. 
185. How many organic drugs in U. S. P. ? 
186. 'Anise: Give botanical name, habitat, part used, and 
active principle. What prep, does it enter into ? 
187. How many official waters made (a) by percolation; (b) 
by distillation ? 
188. What will be the cost of Cocaine in 2 ounces of a 5 per 
cent, solution, if Cocaine is worth $6.50 per ounce? 
189. Write name for Bi, Ag, O, Cu, Br, As, 1, P, II, Fe, Pb. 44 
190. (a) State unit of length in metric syst. (b) State unit 
of capacity in metric syst. (c) State unite of weight in metric 
syst. 
191. Give metric equiv. of xo'Vw? iron’ to-’ tV> 4’ 4» ~g a 
grain. 
192. Give rules for converting grains into grams, and decigm. 
into grains. 
193. Define (a) Rhizome; (b) Petal; (c) Rootlet; (d) Corm; 
(e) Calyx ; (f) Bulb. 
194. Give botanical name for (a) Pipsissewa ; (b) Inula; (c) 
Queen of the Meadow; (cl) Cloves; (e) Cranesbill; (f) Quassia; 
(g) Black Cohosh. 
195. What is the active principle and how is Cod Liver Oil 
obtained ? 
196. What is (a) Armoracea Root; (b) Avena Sativa; (c) 
Cranesbill; (d) Marrubium? 
197. Give antidote for Tartar Emetic, and how much is in 
Wine of Antimony, and Syr. Scillae Comp. ? 
199. What precautions do you take in making prep, of Wild 
Cherry ? 
200. How much Phosphorus in Spt. and Oil of Phop. ? 
201. Give active principle of (a) Ipecac; (b) Hydrastis; (c) 
Bearberry; (d) Bayberry. 
202. What is the other name for Aromatic Sulphuric Acid, and 
how much acid in it ? 
203. What part official of (a) Rhus Tox; (b) Digitalis; (c) 
Marsupiuui; (d) Armoracea; (e) Eucalyptus; (f) Ipecac; (g) 
Ura Ursi ? 
204. Name five prep, containing Mercury (metal) and how 
much in each one ? 
205. (a) What is Plaster of Paris ? (b) What is Whiting ? 
(c) How is Precip. Chalk made ? 
206. What is Chloric Ether and how does it differ from 1880? 
207. How is Fowler’s Solution made ; per cent, and dose ? How 
much Arsenic in 20 gtts. and how many drops in one ounce? 
208. Give ingredients of (a) Brown’s Mixt.; (b) Tully’s Pd.; 
(c) Ammoniac Mixt. ; '(d) Mixt. Asafoetida ? 45 
209. Where is (a) Suet obtained from; (b) Lard ; (c) Ictliyo- 
colla? 
210. How many avoir, oz. in 2 pts. of (a) Ether ; (b) Chloro- 
form; (c) Syrup.; (d) Glycerin; (e) water? 
211. What are the following: («) Phenol; (b) Eserine ; (c) 
Emetine; (d) Narcotine? 
212. 7 k is 5 per cent.of what number? 
213. If a lot of goods bill for 1160, and you get 2, 5 and 10 
off, what do they cost you ? 
214. What is (a) Fever Few; (b) Black Haw; (c) Cramp 
Bark; (d) Blue Cohosh ; (e) Yellow Parilla? 
215. What prep, is Phosphorus in and how much in each? 
216. Tell what you know about Pepsin and Pancreatin ? 
217. (a) Where is Salicin obtained from? (b) What is Hiera 
Picra ; (c) Royal Water; (d) Elixir Salutis. 
218. (a) Give formula for three Official Pills, (b) Name three 
astringents; (c) 3 Antipyretics; (d) 3 Carminatives that are 
official. 
219. Give chemical formula for (a) Boric Acid; (b) Oxalic 
Acid; (c) Muriatic Acid ; (d) Sulphuric Acid. 
220. (a) What is the difference between Borax and Boric 
Acid? (b) In what Fid. Extracts is Acetic Acid ? 
221. How would you make Citrine Ointment ? 
222. How much morphine in (a) Paregoric; (b) Tally’s Pd. ; 
(c) Tinct. Opii; (d) Wine of Opium; (e) Black Drop? 
223. Name the important alkaloid in the following: (a) 
Opium; (b) Nux Vomica; (c) Aconite; (d) Coffee; (e) Coca; 
(f) Ipecac ; (g) Physostigma; (h) Digitalis ; (i) Santonica. 
234. Write the formula for Lugol’s Solution. How many grs. 
of Iodine in 10 min. of it? 
235. Write the formula for Magendies Solution. What per 
cent, of Morph. Sulph. in 10 min. ? 
236. Name two Volatile Oils prep, by fermentation, and are 
they heavier or lighter than water ? 
237. Define Synthesis, both direct and indirect. 
238. Define Analysis, both direct and indirect. 46 
239. What is qualitative and quantitative analysis, and give 
example of each. 
240. What is Chemistry, Physics, and Chemism ? What is 
a reagent ? 
241. What is chemical decomposition and double decompo- 
sition ? 
242. Name some official preparation made by (a) Simple 
Solution; (b) Chemical Solution ; (c) Calcination; (d) Fusion; 
(e) Precipitation. 
243. Name official prep, made by or from insects, and give five 
from animal kingdom ? 
244. Oil of Wintergreen, give chemical constituents, specific 
gravity, and what acid obtained from it. Dose and use in 
medicine ? 
245. Name 10 drugs requiring red labels when dispensed. 
246. Give name, official, and exact formula of (a) Volatile ; 
(b) Chloroform; (c) Soap; (d) Belladonna; (e) Camphor, and 
(/‘) Turpentine Liniments ? 
247. Give correct Latin title in full of (a) Almond Mixture; 
(b) Basham’s Mixture ; (c) Brown’s Mixt. ; (d) Neutral Mixt. 
248. A bottle sometimes holds 1000 grs. avoir, of water, how 
many fl. oz. of the following will it hold: (a) Ether; (b) 
Alcohol; (c) Castor Oil; (c?) Sulphuric Acid ; (e) Syrup; (/) 
Glycerin. 
249. If you have 4 oz. of Potassium Iodide, how much water 
will it take to make a 50 per cent, solution ? 
250. If you buy a lb. of Glycerin, how much Carbolic Acid will 
it take to make a 50 per cent. Sol. of Acid ? 
251. Give the active principle and part used of (a) Monks- 
hood; (b) Mandrake; (c) Foxglove; (d) Guarana; (e) Deadly- 
nightshade. 
252. What is an inorganic substance and an organic one? 
Give examples. 
253. What is the best antidote for (a) Oxalic Acid; (5) 
Arsenic; (c) Silver Nitrate ; (d) Tartar Emetic? 
254. What is commercial source of (a) Oxalic Acid; (b) 47 
Gallic Acid; (c) Citric Acid; (cl) Lactic Acid; (e) Carbolic 
Acid ? 
255. Give some official prep, made by (a) destructive distilla- 
tion ; (b) fractional distillation ; (c) sublimation. 
256. What are the three shapes for Suppositories, Avith 
Aveight of each? 
257. What Suppository is official, and tell Iioav it is made ? 
258. Give habitat, therapeutic use, and part used of (a) 
Ipecac; (b) Senna; (c) Guarana; (cl) Cochineal. 
259. What is the U. S. P. name for (a) Calomel; (b) Gam- 
boge ; (c) Cochineal; (cl) Red Saunders; (e) Resin Guaiac; (/') 
Nutmeg? 
260. Write the Latin for (a) leaf; (5) berry; (c) fruit; (cl) 
bark; (e) juice; (/) root stalk; (g) pith. 
261. Hoav Avould you tell Mucilage of Sassafras Pith from 
Mucilage of Acacia? 
262. Which is it cheaper to make, Tinct. of Opium or the 
deodorized Tincture of Opium. 
272. Castor oil: Avhat is its source; Avhere does the most of 
it come from ; and how is it obtained ? 
278. What is Croton Oil adulterated Avith, and Avhy couldn’t 
they use Cotton Seed Oil? 
• 274. When you buy Ergot, do you take anything they give 
you? 
275. Define the folloAving: (a) deliquesent; (b) effloresent; 
(c) hydroscopic; (cl) translucent; (e) transparent. 
276. What is the per cent, of Strychnine in Iron and Strych- 
nine Citrate ? 
277. Phenacetine costs $1 per ounce. AYffiat Avill be your 
profit on tAvo dozen 10 gr. powders at 10 cents each, if you count 
cost of putting them up 25 cents ? 
278. What is the strength of the folloAving Acids: (a) Hydro- 
chloric; (b) Dilute Hydrocyanic; (c) Nitric; (cl) Sulphuric; 
(e) Phosphoric? 
279. Write the full U. S. P. name for (a) Subchloride; (5) 
Perchloride of Mercury; (c) Poke Berry; (cl) Sassafras Pith; 
(e) Blue Mass. 48 
280. What is the amount of Opium in (a) Paregoric; (b) 
Sydnham’s Laudanum; (c) Black Drop; (cl) Pill of Opium; 
(e) Troche of Licorice and Opium ? 
281. What is a Sponge? Where do they come from ? Are 
they vegetable or animal; and what kinds do you keep in your 
store; and give commercial value. 
282. A doctor wrote for Morphina Sulphate, 20 min. What 
would you put up ? 
283. A doctor wrote for Antimony 2 fl. drachms. What 
would you put up ? 
284. If you had a prescription handed to you, and it called for 
5 grs. of Arsenious Acid to be made into 10 pills, what would 
you do with it ? 
285. How would you dissolve one ounce of Iodine in four 
ounces of water, and how much would there be in 10 min. of the 
solution ? What per cent. ? 
286. Give the technical name of the following: (a) May 
Apple; (b) Bitter Apple; (c) Moccasin Root; (cl) Foxglove; 
(e) Indian Tobacco. 
287. What is (a) bichloride; (b) perchloride; (c) deuto- 
chloride ; (cl) subchlorid ;. (e) Mercuric chloride; (f) Proto- 
chloride ; (g) and Mercurous Chloride of Mercury ? 
288. How much Morphine in 1 teaspoonful of (a) Paregoric; 
(b) Laudanum; (c) Black Drop; (d ) Fluid Extract of Opium; 
(e) Pill of Opium. 
289. What is (a) a Sudorific; (b) a Mydriatic ; (c) a Myotic; 
(d) Antacid; (e) Carminative. 
290. In what natural order do the following belong (a) 
Opium; (b) Cinchona; (c) Coca; (cl) Oil of Peppermint; (e) 
Turpentine; (f) Camphor? 
291. Give an example of each: (a) Organic Acid; (b) Inorganic 
Acid; (c) Stearopten; (d) Volatile Oil; (e) Fixed Oil. 
292. Give solubility of (a) Quinine Sulphate; (b) Bisulphate 
of Quinine ; (c) Resorcin ; (d) Antipyrine ; (e) Boric Acid. 
293. How would you tell (a) Calomel from corrosive subli- 
mate ; (b) Quinine from Morphine ? 49 
294. Translate the following: («) Gutta; (b) Haus; (c) 
Crast; (d) Coq. S. A.; (e) Penicil cam.; (/‘) T. i. d.; (g) 
Pyxis; (A) Statim; (7) Tussis; (j) P. P. A. 
295. Give the chemical formula for (a) Nitric Acid; (b) 
Potassium Nitrate; (c) Potassium Iodide; (d) Epsom Salts; (e) 
Sulphate of Iron. 
296. What would you do if a person should take an overdose 
of Morphine ? 
297. What is the strength of the following tinctures: (a) 
Iodine; (b) Lactucarium ; (c) Nux Vomica; (d) Aconite; (e) 
Myrrh; (f) Hydrastis ; (g) Belladonna; (h) Opium ? 
298. If you didn’t have any Red Iodide of Mercury, how 
would you make it ? 
299. Phenacetine costs $1 per ounce. How many 10 gr. 
powders and how many 15 gr. powders can you make from it? 
ORAL QUESTIONS. 
300. Strength or Spts. Phosphorus ? 
301. Strength of Wine of Antimony? 
302. Strength of Spts. Chloroform ? 
303. Common name of Spts. Ammon.? 
304. What is Plummer’s Pill ? 
305. What tinct. is made from extract ? 
306. What tinct. is made from FI. extract? 
307. What is Red Oil ? 
308. Amount of P. in Elixir Phosp.? 
309. How tell Calomel from Corr. Sublim. ? 
310. What is Basilicon Ointment? 
311. What is Glyconin ? 
312. What is Picrotoxin ? 
313. What is Kerme’s Mineral ? 
314. What is Turpetlis Mineral ? 
315. What is Ethiops Mineral ? 
316. What is Lunar Caustic ? 
317. What is Mitigated ? 50 
318. What is Liver of Sulphur? 
319. What is Vegetable Sulphur? 
320. What is per cent, of Hg. in Massae ? 
321. What is per cent, of Ilg. in Emplastrum ? 
322. What is per cent, of Hg. in Ointment ? 
323. What is Easton’s Syrup? 
324. What is Oil Origanum ? 
325. What is Gunja ? 
326. What is Cutch? 
327. What is Love Apple ? 
328. What is Wood Soap ? 
329. What is Saecharum Saturni ? 
330. What is Huxham’s Tinct. ? 
331. What is Sal Diurectic? 
332. What is Solution of Salt ? 
333. What is Secale Cornutum ? 
334. What is Milkman’s Liniment ? 
335. What is Vermilion ? 
336. What is Calamine? 
337. What is Carmine ? 
338. How tell Phenol from Creosote? 
339. What is Burst Pulver ? 
340. What is Green Powder? 
341. What is German Powder? 
342. What is a Mordant ? 
343. What is Etherial Oil ? 
344. What is test for Gac. Acetic Acid ? 
345. Source of Ethyl Alcohol ? 
346. Source of Methyl Alcohol ? 
347. Source of Amylic Alcohol ? 
348. What is Methylated Spirits? 
349. What is Dolomite? 
350. What is Pyroligneus Acid ? 
351. What is Elixir Pro ? 
352. What is Elixir Salutis ? 
353. What is Oil of Smoke ? 51 
354. What is Dobell’s Solution ? 
355. What is Sal Amarum ? 
356. How is Tannin obtained ? 
357. How is Camphor obtained ? 
358. How is Aloes obtained ? 
369. How is Kino obtained? 
370. How is Copaiba obtained ? 
371. How is Catechu obtained ? 
372. What is Verdagris? 
373. Difference between the Mass and Pill of Ferri Car- 
bonatis ? 
375. What is Friar’s Balsam ? 
376. If they asked you what a certain Balsam was, and you 
never heard of it before, what would you call it ? 
380. How is Ether made ? 
381. How is Chloroform made ? 
382. How increase solubility of Lime ? 
383. How increase solubility of Tar ? 
384. How much Prussic Acid in Bitter Aim. ? 
385. How much Prussic Acid in Pruni Yirg. ? 
386. What is Pearlash? 
387. What is Salts of Wormwood ? 
388. What Oleoresins exude from tree? 
389. What Resins come from the root ? 
390. How much of Alkaloids in Ext. Nux? 
391. How much of Alkaloids in Ext. Opium? 
392. What is source of Boric Acid? 
393. What is source of Borax ? 
394. What is source of Epsom Salts ? 
395. What is Cassia Lanciolata ? 
396. What is Fraxinus Ornus ? 
397. What is Barley Sugar ? 
398. What is Butter of Antimony? 
399. What is Source of Spermaciti ? 
400. What is Source of Glycerin ? 
401. What Salt of Arsenic is official ? 52 
40*2. How is Chloral made ? 
403. How is Iodoform made ? 
404. How is Menthol made ? 
405. What is Methyl Salicylate? 
406. What is Salicylate of Phenol ? 
407. What is Resorcin? 
408. What is Thymol? 
409. How is Amyl Nitrite obtained ? 
410. What is Paraldehyde? 
411. What is Oil Fleabane? 
412. How many Petrolatums official ? 
413. Of the following which are soluble in water: Salol, 
Sulfonal, Resorcin, Phenacetine, Acetanilid, Antipyrine, Iodol, 
Saccharin, Aristol, Urethane? 
414. Name incompatabilities of Chloral. 
415. Why is Benzine used in making mustard paper? 
416. Benzine is used in making what Tincture ? 
417. What Tinct. has Acetic Acid in it ? 
418. What is dose of Phosphoreted Oil ? 
419. What does Lycopodium contain? 
420. Meaning of Bin, Proto, Ducto ? 
421. What Tinct. are made by putting dry powder in 
Percolator ? 
422. What Tinct. are Macerated seven days? 
423. What Tinct. are made by digestion ? 
424. What is Sydnham’s Laudanum ? 
425. What is McMunn’s Elixir ? 
426. How make Carron Oil. 
427. Why is Nitric Acid sometimes Yellow ? 
428. Hirudo No. II; what would you put up? 
429. What is Acetum Saturni ? 
430. What is Goulard’s Cerate ? 
431. Source of Acetic Acid ? 
432. Difference between Sulphate and Bisulphate of Quinine. 
433. How would you make a solution of Iodine in water? 
434. How much Cocaine in a cup of Hot Chocolate ? 53 
435. What is best solvent for Resins ? 
436. What is best solvent for Rubber ? 
437. What is Radical Vinegar ? 
438. How make Boric Acid ? 
439. What is test for Iodine ? 
440. What is Rhamnus Catharticus ? 
441. How make Castile Soap ? 
442. What is a Stearoptin ? 
443. Name the Haloids. 
444. Source of Creasote ? 
445. What is Norwood’s Tincture ? 
446. What is Spt..of Sea Salt ? 
447. What is Lupulin taken from ? 
448. Difference between Chalk and Lime? 
449. What is Pot. Carb. put in Syrup, of Rhubarb for ? 
450. What is Salts of Lemon ? 
451. What is Trinitrin ? 
452. What is a Pyxis ? 
453. What is Shop Saffron? 
454. What is Chili Saltpeter? 
455. What is Sparteine. 
456. What Syrup has Acetic Acid in it ? 
457. What Syrup has Ammonia in it ? 
458. How is Honey clarified ? 
459. What is a true Balsam ? 
460. Per cent, of Morphine in Opium? 
461. Name two Fluid Ext. haviftg water as a Menstruum ? 
462. What is Gregory’s Pd. ? 
463. What is Lady Webster’s Dinner Pill? 
464. What is Strengthening Plaster? 
465. Difference between Red and Yellow Iodide of Mercury? 
467. Difference between Bi and Sub Chloride of Mercury? 
468. Strength of Solution of Morphine ? 
469. Strength of Solution of Strychnine ? 
470. What is Trinitrine? 
471. What would you dispense for Persulphate of Iron? 54 
472. What is American Valerian? 
473. What does Lamella mean ? 
474. Why is Mucilage of Sassafras Pith official? 
475. What off. prep, does Lard Oil enter into? 
476. What off. prep, does Gamboge enter into? 
477. What off. prep, does Stearic Acid enter into? 
478. What is Protochloride of Mercury? 
479. What is Deutochloride of Mercury? 
480. What is Red Precipitate ? 
481. What is White Precipitate ? 
482. What is Blue Vitrol ? 
483. What is Green Vitrol ? 
484. What is White Vitrol ? 
485. What is Symplocajms Foetidus? 
486. What is Bleaching Powder ? 
487. What is Trooper’s Ointment? 
488. What does one liter of Hydrogen weigh? 
489. What is an element? 
490. What is an atom ? 
491. What is a molecule ? 
492. Strength of Syrup of Ilydriodic Acid ? 
493. What is liquid diffusion ? 
494. What is Bitter Salt ? 
495. How would you make a pill containing Strychnine Sul- 
phate gr. ? 
496. What is May Apple ? 
497. What is the difference* between Sulphate and Bisulphate 
of Quinine? 
498. Why is Ammonia used in making prep, of Senega ? 
499. What is Glycerin misceable with ? 
500. Hoes one lb. of water measure more or less than a pint? 
501. What is the best solvent for Resins ? 
502. What is Protochloride of Hg. ? 
503. What is Biniodide of Hg. ? 
504. What is the fluid extract of Opium ? 56 
ANSWERS. 
1. (a) The science of the nature and action of drugs. (b) 
Science of drugs and their preparations, (c) The science of 
dosage, (d) A treatise on poisons. (e) The science of plants, 
their birth, life and death. 
2. The U. S. P. uses the Latin language for its official names 
and these have a definite ending. As Latin is a dead language, 
the ending and names will always be the same. Then there will 
be no confusion, and all prescriptions should be written alike. 
3. C., H., O., N., I., Br., Cl., Na., Iv., Ca., Mg. and S. 
4. (a) Cellulin, Pectin, Protoplasm and Chlorophyll; (b) 
volatile and fixed oils, neutral principles, alkaloids, glucosides, 
acids, tannin, gum, resin, sugar and starch. 
5. (a) 7000 -p (456 x .72) = 21.4 fl. oz.; 
(b) 7000 -P(456 X 1.5)= 10.2 fi. oz. 
(c) 7000 -p (456x1.25)= 12.5 fl. oz. 
(d) 7000 -p (456 x .90)= 17 fl. oz. 
(e) 7000 -p 456 = 15.3 fl. oz. in 1 lb. av. 
6. 170 —135 = 30 ; 75 : 1 :: 30 : x; x = 40, or what it losses 
in water; 170 -p 40 = 4.25 Sp. Gr. Ans. 
7. (a) Frangula ; (/>) Digitalis and Henbane ; (c) Ergot and 
Pulsatilla. 
8. (a) Tolu; (b) Colophony; (c) Turpentine; (d) Myrrh; 
(e) Acacia. 
9. (a) .0065 grms.; (b) .325 grms.; (c) about 30 c.c.; (d) 
6.2 c.c.; (e) 960 c.c. 
10. (a) 560 grs.; (b) 684 grs.; (c) 373.9 grs.; (d) 326.3 
grs.; (e) 456 grs. 
11. (a) 10 per cent.; (b) 36 per cent.; (c) 6 percent.; (d) 
92 per cent.; (e) 20 per cent. ; (f) 10 percent.; (g) 2 per cent.; 
(h) 31 per cent. 
12. ('a) 70 alcohol and 30 water; (b) 75 of glycerin and water, 
■each, and 850 alcohol; (c) Spt. Amm. Arom.; (d) Spts. Amm. 
Arom.; (e) alcohol 95 and water 5; (f) 60 alcohol and 40 57 
water; (g) 60 alcohol, 40 water and 2 acetic acid; (4) 20 alcohol 
and water qs.; (i) Alcohol. 
13. (a) H.,S04; (b) KI; (c) CgH.OH; (d) MgS04; (e) 
NaCl; (/) H20; (g) FeS04; (4) C2II5OH; (<) HN08; (j) 
KOH. 
14. (a) Made by running S02, H20, and N204 gases into leaden 
chambers, (b) Made by subjecting Ca(OII)2 to the action of 
chlorine gas. (c) Acting on alcohol with calcium hypochlorite. 
(d) Made by the destructive distillation of wood. 
15. Read the process for making these syrups in the U. S. P. 
16. (a) Ferrum; (b) Alumen; (c) Potassii et sodii tartras; 
(d) Cypripedeum; (e) Rubus; (/') Asclepias; (g) Guiaci lig- 
num; (4) Caryophyllus; (i) Origanum; (j) UvaUrsi. 
17. NH3. It is obtained from gas liquor by the action of 
calcium hydrate. It is a peculiar gaseous substance compose of 
nitrogen and hydrogen. 28:10:: 32:x = 11.4. Take 11.4 oz. 
of the stronger and add water up to 32 oz. 
18. 456 x 2 = 912 x 4% = 36.48 x .013 = 47 cents. Ans. 
19. (a) A draught; (b) a spoonful; (c) food; (d) small; 
(e) vomiting; (f ) rectal inject of medicine or food; ((/) drop; 
(4) fresh. 
20. Solution of Metalic Salts or Alkaliods in Oleic Acid. 
Oleate of Mercury 20 per cent., Oleate of Zinc 5 j:>er cent., Oleate 
of Veratrine 2 per cent. 
21. (a) Aconitum Napellus; (b) Allium Sativum; (c) Ce- 
phaelic Ipecacuanha; (d) Aretemisia; (e) Strychnos Kux 
Vomica; (/) Chondrus Crispus ; ({/) Paullinia Cupana ; (4) Citrus 
Bergamia; (7) Physostigma Venenosum. 
22. (a) 1 gr.; (b) J gr.; (c) 2 gr.; (d) 60 min.; (e) 60 grs.; 
(/) 2 min.; (g) 3 grs.; (4) 1 gr.; (i) gr.; (J) 2 grs.; (k) 
20 min.; (l) 15 grs.; (m) 3 grs.; (n) 2 min.; (o) 3 grs. (/>) 
tV Sr- j (<?) min.; (r) 15 grs.; (s) 1 oz.; (t) 4 drachms. 
23. (a) An Oil and an Alkali; (b) Aloes and Licorice ; (c) 
Ferrous Sulphate, Myrrh, Sugar, Pot. Carb. and Spt. Lavender ; 
(d) Resin, Yellow "Wax and Lard; (e) Ammonium Carbonate 
and dil. Acetic Acid ; (f ) Rheum Cardamon and Glycerin ; (g) 
Iodine and Iodide of Potash. 58 
*24. (a) West Indies, unexpanded dower heads; (b) from the 
sea coast; (c) extract from wood, India; (d) Turkey, Fruit; (e) 
juice of leaves, Africa; (/') Wood, West Indies; (g) Stigmas, 
Asia; (A) unexjjanded dower heads, Europe; (i) Oleoresin, 
South Am.; (j) Seed, India. 
25. (a) Name given to I, Br. or Cl.; (5) An oleoresinous 
vegetable product, Tolu; (c) produces sweating; (d) agent 
causing sleep ; (e) agent that lessens fever; (f) agent destroy- 
ing germs; (g) solution of non-volatile substance in water. 
26. (a) Whiskey and emetics; (5) starch; (c) white of 
eggs ; (d) common salt. 
27. (a) 194; (b) 25; (c) 100; (d) 450; (e) 1; (/) .4; (g) 
very sol.; (A) 200 ; (i) 200 ; (j) 16 ; (A) 740 ; (l) .5 ; (m) 6700 ; 
(n) in. sol.; (o) 16 ; (p) in. sol.; (q) 50 ; (r) 80. 
28. (a) 14.4 oz.; (b) 480 grms.; (c) 4.8 hec. grms. 
29. 192 grs. of Opium, 192 grs. of Ipicac and 1536 grs. of 
sugar of milk. 
30. (a) Drying medicinal substances; (b) straining; (c) 
tearing drugs to pieces; (d) making a substance into a powder 
after they have been made into a paste with water or other 
liquid ; (e) building up a compound for its elements. 
31. (a) 120 to 160; (b) vol. 115 to 140, and dx. 77 to 100; 
(c) 110-140; (d) 60. 
32. 1 oz. of oil; 2 drachms of acacia and water to make 2 oz., 
davor with oil wintergreen. Place pd. acacia in dry mortar, add 
oil and trituate, add 90 min. of water and trituate again, add 
rest of water gradually. 
33. (a) to £ gr.; (b) 1 to 3 gr.; (c) 5 to 15 gr. ; (d) 1 to 5 
gr- 5 (e) tV t0 & gr-; (/) 1 to 3 grs. 
34. (a) Blood; (b) cochineal; (c) milk. They are all animal. 
35. (a) Produces a blister; (b) softens tissues; (c) causes 
secretion of urine; (d) powerful cathartic; (e) blisters. 
36. See U. S. P. neutral mixture is Mixt. of Pot. Citrate 9 per 
cent, in IT. S. P., 1880. Dewee’s Carminative is Mixt. of Mag- 
nesia and Asafoetida of IT. S. P., 1880. 
37. It is “the comparative weight of bodies of equal bulk.” 59 
38. Tannic Acid, 3 to 10 grs.; Gallic Acid, 5 to 30 grs.; Sugar 
of Lead, 1 to 5 grs. ; Nitrate of Silver, J to \ gr.; Zinc Sulphate, 
1 to 3 gr. 
39. Castor Oil, teaspoonful; Rochelle Salts, 2 drachms.; Eff. 
Cit. Mag., £ oz.; Magnesium Sulph., 2 drachms.; Syrup Rhei, 
teaspoonful. 
40. Opium, 1 to 3 grs.; Chloral, 10 to 40 grs.; Chloroform, 1 
to 5 min.; Ether, 20 to 60 min.; Morphine Sulphate, to gr. 
41. (a) Whiskey and Emetics; (b) Lime; (c) Magnesium 
Sulphate; (d) Vinegar; (e) Alkalie such as Borax. 
42. (a) Bitter Almond, Chloroform and Creasote ; (b) Ammo- 
nia ; Chlorine and Peroxide of Hydrogen; (c) Anise, Camphor, 
Cinnamon, Fennel, Peppermint, Spearmint; (cl) Orange flower 
(2), Rose (2), and distilled water. 
43. Ipomoca Jalapa; contains resin, sugar, starch and gum. 
44. (a) 12 grs.; (b) 456 x 4 x .82 = 1495.68. 
45. (a) Aconitin; (b) Atropin; (c) Hydrastin; (cl) Caffeine; 
(e) Emetin. 
46. (a) Red Iodide, y to £ gr.; (b) Corrosive Sublimate, TJB 
to £ gr.; (c) Red Precipitate. 
47. (a) Asclepias, U. S., the root; (b) Rubus, U. S., bark of 
the root; (c) Stapliisagria, Europe, the seed; (cl) Hyoscyamus, 
Europe, leaves and flowering tops of second year’s growth ; (e) 
Chimaphila, U. S., the leaves. 
48. $318.31 and $3.16. Ans. 
49. (a) 50 percent.; (b) 20 percent.; (c) per cent.; (cl) 
2 per cent.; (e) .05 per cent. 
50. (a) Lime; (b) whiskey with emetics; (c) coffee; (d) 
coffee and brandy ; (e) fixed oil and emetics. 
51. Comp. spts. of orange and syrup are in Aromatic Elixir. 
Spts. phosp., oil of anise, glycerin and aromatic elixir are in 
Elixir of Phosphorus. 
52. (a) 4 oz.; (b) 8 oz.; (c) 20 drachms; (cl) 12 drachms; 
(e) 7 drachms. 
53. (a) Causes sweating ; (b) kills worms ; (c) reduces fever ; 
(cl) causes spasms; (e) kills pain; (f) softens the skin; (g) 
burns the flesh ; (h) powerful cathartic. 60 
54. (a) To be strained; (b) spread; (c) middle-sized; (cl) 
best olive oil; (e) twice a day; (/*) as directed; (g) do not 
deliver without the money; (A) do not repeat. 
55. 1280 grs. 
56. (a) In fusion we heat to get a liquid and in calcination 
we only drive off the moisture or gas. (5) Torrefaction is roast- 
ing a substance, while deflagration is heating with a substance 
that will give off oxygen, (c) In an emulsion the substance is 
held suspended by a gum, while in a mixture it is not. (d) 
Ointment is made with yellow wax, while Cerate has white wax 
and has higher melting point. (e) Milk. 
57. (a) 1 to 3 min.; (b) 5 to 15 ; (c) 10 to 60; (d) 3 to 10 ; 
(e) 5 to 15; (f) 2 to 6; (g) 5 to 10; (A) 10 to 30; (i) 10 
to 60. 
58. (a) A Diatomic Phenol, 3 to 10 grs.; (b) from Black 
Pepper, 1 to 10 grs.; (c) from Culvers Root, 2 to 4 grs.; (d) Oil of 
Thyme, | to 2 grs.; (e) from Aloes, i to 2 grs.; (f) from 
Phenol, 5 to 15 grs.; (g) from Creasote, to 2 grs. ; (A) from 
Turpentine, 2 to 10 min.; {%) from Eucalyptus, 5 to 30 min. 
59. (a) 13 per cent.; (b) 7 per cent.; (c) 40 per cent.; (c?) 
2 per cent. ext.; (e) 65 per cent.; (f) 32.5 per cent.; (g) 1 per 
cent.; (A) 1 per cent. each. 
60. (a) 16 dr.; (b) 1.6 dr.; (c) .75 dr.; (d) insol.; (e) 
16 dr. 
61. Carbolic Acid, Cold Cream, Diachylon, Tar and Zinc Oint- 
ments (5) are made by fusion, the rest are made by incorpora- 
tion, except Citrine Ointment which is made by chemical reaction. 
Blue Ointment has 50 per cent. Hg. 
62- («) totf gr- 5 (J) see U. S. P. 
63. (a) The ous salts are the lower ones, that is from the 
element with the lowest valency. The ic salts are from the 
higher. (b) The solid part of a volatile oil. 
64. (a) Saponification takes place; (b) Sodium Hydrate, 
NaOII; (c) a liquid consisting chiefly of Pinene. 
65. (a) Any temp.; (b) 500° F.; (c) 100° C. 
66. (a) Lime Water, Syrup of Lime and Potassa with Lime; 61 
(b) Mercury with Chalk, comp. Chalk Powder and Chalk 
Troches; (c) none ; (d) Sulphuric Acid; (e) Benzoic Acid. 
67. 25| oz. 
69. A cake is where the temperature of the receiver is higher, 
and the one that gives a powder quite cold. Camphor-cake, 
sulphur-powder. 
70. Guarana contains more caffeine. They do not differ 
therapeutically. 
71. (a) Too much Morphine in it. (b) Antipyrine is incom- 
patible with Spts. Ether Nitros. 
72. (a) A rootstock; (b) a leaf of the Corolla; (c) a solid 
bulb ; (d) thickened part of an underground stem; (e) leaves of 
the flower; (/') one leaf of a compound one; (</) the outer 
leaves of a flower; (Ji) minute string. 
73. See U. S. P. 
74. 2-| oz. Ext. Col.; 8f oz. Aloes; 1 oz. Cardamon; 2| oz. 
Scammony; and oz. Alcohol. 
75. .280 grm. and .252 grm. of Sugar of Milk must be added. 
76. (a) 10 per cent.; (b) 10 per cent.; (c) 1 per cent.; (d) 
1 per cent.; (e) 5 per cent.; (f) 10 per cent.; (g) 32.5 per cent. 
77. Once in ten years, by a committee composed of the lead- 
ing physicians and pharmacists. 
78. Metric system was adopted. 
79. (a) Rhus Toxicodendron; (5) Asclepias; (c) Myristica; 
(d) Euonymus; (e) Crocus; (/) Juglans ; (g) Lappa; (h) 
Cusso. 
80. (a) Volatile, from orange flowers by distill.; (b) vol., from 
lemon peel by expression ; (c) vol., distilled from the leaves; (d) 
vol., distill.; (e) fixed, expressed from seed; (/■) fixed, exp. from 
the seed. 
81. (a) Ferric Hydrate; (b) Alkalies; (c) quick emetic and 
old Oil Turpentine ; (d) salt; (e) Mag. Sulphate. 
82. Find out if possible what poison has been taken, then treat 
accordingly. Give an emetic and send for doctor. 
83. (a) Hypnotic ; (b) diaphoretic; (c) laxative ; (d) sedative; 
(e) anthelmintic. 62 
84. millionth of the circumference of the earth from pole 
to pole equals one meter. 1 cubic centimeter of water at 4° C. 
weighs 1 gram; 1000 cubic cent, equal 1 liter; 1 meter equals 
39 in.; 1 grm. equals 15 gr.; 1 liter equals 2.11 pints. 
85. (a) 456 x 16 = 7296 x 1.25 — 9120 4- 437.5 = 20.8. 
Ans. (5) -f 7000) x 425 — $.02. Ans. 
86. (a) A metal; (5) Mercuric Chloride equals HgCl2; Mer- 
curous Chloride equals IlgCl; Yellow Iodide equals Hgl; Red 
Iodide equals Hgl2; Red and Yellow Oxide equals HgO ; Yellow 
Subsulphate equals Ilg (HgO)2 S04. 
87. See U. S. P. Iliera Picra is Aloes and Canella. 
88. (a) The Iodide gives a red precipitate with Mercuric 
Chloride; (b) II2S gives a ppt. with Zinc; (e) solubility and 
Nitric Acid on Morphine gives red color; (d) 1 pt. Goulard’s sol. 
and 3 pts. oil, with Olive Oil you will get an emulsion, with 
cotton seed it separates, this will detect as low as 10 per cent, 
adulteration; (e) taste. 
89. (a) Ad means up to, while adde means add; (5) capiat 
means let him take, while cibus is food; (c) pro means for, and 
per means by. 
90. (a) 5, per cent.; (5) 11 times its volume ; (c) 10 per cent. 
91. (a) Carbonate of Soda and Sulphuric Acid; (b) Carbonate 
of Soda and Sulphurous Acid ; (c) Sodium Carbonate and Boric 
Acid ; (d) Lead Oxide and Acetic Acid ; (e) Iron and Sulphuric 
Acid. 
92. The first four are coal tar products with dose of 5 to 15 
grs. Aristol has 46 per cent., Iodine and Iodol has 89 per cent. 
93. Obtained from oil wells, and purified by melting and 
straining. Melts at 40° C. 
94. (a) Silver Nitrate 1 part, and Pot. Nitrate 2 parts ; (5) 
Silver Nitrate with 5 per cent. Silver Chloride. 
95. (a) 25; (5) 1; (c) 16; (d) 700; (e) .48; 200; (/) 
id) I- 
96. (a) Aconitin; (5) Cathartin; (c) Emetin; (d) Digitalin; 
(e) coloring matter; (/) Atropin. 
97. A mechanical mixture of oxvgen and nitrogen. 63 
98. See IT. S. P. (d) Expectorants are agents promoting 
secretion of bronchial mucus. 
99. («) Na2C03; (b) Nal; (c) NaHC03. 
100. (a) Bark of the root, used in diarrhea, dose is 20 to 80 grs.; 
(b) the leaves; habitat is U. S.; (c) the flowers. It is a stim- 
ulent and carminative. 
101. (18 X 6) = 3 oz. of Acetic Acid and dilute with 
water to 18 oz.; and 15 grms. of acid and dilute to 300 grms. 
102. 28 is to 10 as the amt. of dilute required is to the amt. of 
strong to be used. 
103. (a) Antimonium Sulphuratum; (5) Elastica; (c) 
Argenti Nitras Dilutus. 
104. (a) 65 milligrams equals 1 grain, 28.4 grms. equals 1 av. 
oz. or 437£ grs. 
105. These preparations should be made by the U. S. P. 
methods, and no other. 
106. It is picking out the good pieces of a drug. Most of the 
powdered drugs you buy are garbled, and here the good pieces 
are not powdered. Iioots and barks are the parts most treated 
in this way. 
107. (a) Formalin or Borax are the best. (5) Putting the salt 
into warm water and shaking. 
108. Diluted orange flower and rose waters, Aqua Chloriformi 
and Aqua Hydrogenii Dioxidi; Glycerites of Carbolic and Tannic 
Acids; Boroglycerin and Hydrastis; dilute hypophosphorus and 
stearic acids ; and extracts of Cimicifugae, Jalapae, and Ura Ursi. 
109. Calyx, Corolla, Stamens and Pistils. A complete flower 
is one having all the parts present. A perfect when it has both 
stamens and pistils, and regular when all the parts of each set are 
alike in shape and size. A petiole is a leaf-stalk. 
110. See the page on Solubilities. 
111. (a) 5 per cent.; (b) Saturated ; (c) 50 per cent.; (d) 25 
per cent.; (e) 2.6 per cent.; (/’) 7 per cent.; (g) 1 per cent. 
112. (a) \ to 2 grs.; (b) tl to \ gr.; (c) | to 1 gr.; (d) 
ibo t0 gr-; (e) 5 to 15 grs.; (/) £ to 3 grs.; (g) £ to 1 gr.; 
(h) 10 to 60 grs.; (*) 1 to 5 min. 64 
113. They are extracted by some solvent like ether, chloroform 
or benzine. Tannic acid precip. them. They contain C. H. N. O. 
They exist as amides, composed of C. H. N. 0„ and amines which 
have no oxygen. 
114. Potassium is a metalic, white color and softer than wax. 
It has great affinity for oxygen and when put on water takes fire. 
(a) From wood ashes; (d) from Strassfurt mines in Germany ; 
(c) colors a bunsen flame violet; (d) KOH. 
115. (a) Conine, volatile and fixed oils; (b) Cathartic Acid 
and Sennacrol; (c) Kinotannic Acid and Kinoin ; (d) Saponin ; 
(e) Volatile oil and Saponin; (f) Volatile oil and Tannin ; (g) 
Volatile oil; (h) Caffeine and Tannin. 
116. 456 x 4 = 1824 x 15= 2736 -F (456 x.75)=8 fl. oz. Ans. 
117. Conf. Rose equals R. rose, sugar, clar., honey, and rose 
water; Senna equals senna, ol. coriander, cas. fist., tarn., prune, 
fig, sugar and water. 
118. (a) 100 -F 28; (5) 1500 + 28; (c) 2.5 -F 28; (d) 
(480 x 3)-;- 437i=3.2; (e) 
119. Rub the salt up with a little oil first, then add ointment 
gradually. 
120. (a) Preventing putrifaction; (5) mild laxative; (c) 
blister; (d) causes sleep ; (e) arresting hemorrhage; (/) causes 
flow of saliva; (</) kills tape worms. 
121. Alkaloids are vegetable alkalies while glucosides are bodies 
which when decomposed yields glucose and another body peculiar 
to itself. 
122. It is the inspissated juice of the leaves of Aloe vera and 
Perryi. Obtained by cutting the leaves near the base and col- 
lecting the juice. Comes from Africa. Purified Aloes and the 
extract are official. 
123. (a) Silver; (5) Oxalic Acid; (c) Lead; (d) Opium; (e) 
strong acids; (f) Phenol; (g) Aconite; (h) Alkalies. 
124. CIIBi'g. Made by the action of Bromine on Alcohol. 
One atom in each molecule. 
125. (a) Has the appearance of passing through the leaf; (5) 
Spirea Ulmaria, other name is Meadow-sweet. 65 
126. (a) Has white wax; (b) has yellow wax ; (c) heating a 
substance to liquify it; (d) mixing two things with a spatula; 
(e) all the cerates are made by fusion. Ointments of Tar, Car- 
bolic Acid, Cold Cream and Zinc are made by fusion, and Iodine 
and Sulphur by incorporation. Citrine Ointment is made by 
chemical reaction. 
137. It will hold 16 oz. and the bottle weighs 15 oz. 
128. 10 -4-70 = 14.2 %. 
129. Use a moderate heat. See that they are well mixed and 
contain no lumps. 
130. Soap, Confection of Rose, Castor Oil and water. 
131. Soap is best for Opium, Aloes and Asafoetida Pills be- 
cause they are resinous drugs. Cocoa butter or Petrolatum 
should be used with oxidizable substances. 
132. Mass of Mercury and Copaiba and Ferrous Carbonate. 
Moisten Magnesia with water, then incorp. the Copaiba and heat 
for half an hour. 
133. («) Three times ; (b) a cough ; (c) repeat; (d) without; 
(e) take; (/*) weight; (g) drink. 
134. Albumenous compounds, and obtained from animals. 
135. Lard from Sus Scrofa., and wax from Apis Mellifica. 
136. The active principle of the drug that contains them. 
Latin end in ina and English in ine. 
137. (a) They are substances found in plants, which when 
they are deconqjosed yield Glucose. (b) Equals C6Hl20(i. (c) 
They are vegetable exudates insol. in water. (d) They unite 
with an acid to form a salt, (e) They are built up from their 
elements. 
138 (a) Acacia and Tragacanth ; (b) Copaiba and Turpen- 
tine and six that are extracted with Ether ; (c) Camphor, Menthol, 
Thymol, and Eucalyptol; (d) Ammonia, Asafoetida, Myrrh and 
Gamboge ; (e) Tolu, Peru and Storax. 
139. (a) Leech; (b) Elecampagne; (c) Broom; (c?) Mer- 
cury; (e) Cramp Bark; (f) German Chamomile; (</) Corrosive 
Sublimate; (h) Calomel; (i) Turpeth’s Mineral. 
140. 1 part Opium, 1 part Ipecac and 8 parts sugar of milk ; 
1.6 oz. each of Opium and Ipecac and 12.8 oz. of sugar of milk 66 
to make 1 lb. av.; 125 grrns. each of Opium and Ipecac and 1000 
grms. of milk to make 1 kilo, and 250 grais. of Dover’s Powder. 
141. Gaultheria Procumbens; Salicylic Acid; Sp. Gr. .90 
to .92. 
142. Ammoniated tinctures of Valerian and Guaiac. 
143. Prepared by fusing Sodium Benzol Disulphonate with 
Caustic Soda. It is an antiseptic and antipyretic. Physiologically 
it is allied to Carbolic Acid. 
144. Eucalyptus or Australian fever tree; the leaf is used and 
contains Volatile Oil, Tannin and Resin. It is a Febrifuge, and 
Antiseptic. Eucalyptol 5 to 30 min. and Fluid ext. same dose. 
145. A Yard. It is the length of a Pendulum vibrating sec- 
onds in a latitude of London, in a vacuum, temperature 62° F. 
146. The bark of Cinchona Calisaya and Officinalis and other 
Hybrids of Cinchona, Quinine, Quinidine, and Cinchonine. The 
yellow has most Quinine. 
147. Ammoniac and . Asafoctida. The one containing oil has 
some viscid substance to hold it in suspension. 
148. 1 oz. of oil, 2 dr. of acacia, 3 gtts. of oil of Gaultheria 
and water to make 4 oz. 
149. Soluble gun cotton. Used in making Collodions. 
150. 1 in 15. Olive Oil. 
151. Na, K, Mg, Ca, Zn, Fe, Co, Ni, Ag, Pb. 
152. They absorb Carbon Dioxide from the air and a Carbon- 
ate is formed. 
153. (a) Ulmus is not adulterated; (b) Chicory; (c) cotton 
seed oil; (c?) starch, use iodine test, blue color ; (e) arsenic is in 
subnitrate of Bismuth, use Marsh’s test, yellow ppt. 
154. (a) Coffee; (5) Charcoal; (c) Camphor. 
155. Trichlor-methane, CHC13. 
156. (a) Opium and Ipecac 1.6 oz. each, and sugar of milk 12.8 
oz.; (5) 2 oz. of oil and 18 oz. alcohol and 1 oz. of herb; (c) 
Opium, Benzoic acid and camphor 2 grms. each ; oil Anise 2 c.c., 
Glycerin 20 c.c., and Dil. Alcohol to make 500 c.c. 
157. (a) Tannin ; (5) heat manganese dioxide and charcoal 
together and treat the residue with sulphuric acid. Heat to 67 
redness, filter and crystallize ; (c) fusing saltpeter and putting it 
in moulds ; (cl) dissolve pearlash in water, filter and evaporating. 
158. A commercial lye. 
159. Look these up in U. S. P., they are important. 
160. (a) Mistura Glycyerhizae Composita; (b) Infusum Sennae 
Compositum; (c) Tinctura Benzoini Composita; (cl) Pulvis 
Antimonialis. 
161. Ext. colocynth comp., 4 grms.; calomel, 3 grms.; ext. 
jalap, 1.5 grms.; gamboge, .75 grms. ; water q. s.; 7680 min. in 
Wine pint and 9600 min. in Imperial pint. 
162. They are small, round, solid bodies containing a medicinal 
substance. It should be adhesive, firm and plastic. 15 are official. 
163. Fluid extract of Sennega to hold the senegin in solutionl 
and in Licorice to hold the glycyrrhizin up. 
164. 4.8 oz. of wax and 11.2 oz. of lard. 
165. By product in manuf. of soaps. Is used as a solvent. 
166. Ipecac, Rhubarb, Rose, Blackberry and Hive syrups are 
made from fluid extracts. 
167. (a) Glycerin suppositories; (b) Alcoholic extract and 
tincture; (c) Peroxide of hydrogen. 
168. Eight doses. 
169. (a) 80; (b) 25; (c) 100; (cl) 450 ; (e) 16; (/) 130; 
(9) -4; (h) very sol.; (i) 200. 
170. (a) Eriodictyon, the leaves; (b) Pimenta, the nearly ripe 
fruit; (c) Aspidium, Rhizome ; (cl) Rubus Idaeus, the fruit; (e) 
Inula, root; (f) Dulcamara, the young branches. 
171. (a) Making an analysis by weight; (b) have same chem- 
ical composition; (c) having the shape of a prism; (cl) drying 
a substance to get a fixed part; (e) thickened. 
172. Forms gun cotton. 
173. Separating a solid from a liquid by passing through a 
filter paper. If a substance filters quite fast, use a plain; if the 
precipitate is heavy and gelatinous, use a plaited one. 
174. Always wet the paper with the menstruum used; it 
hastens filtration. White, because the gray contains impurities 
which acid and alkalies act on. 68 
175. Take 1000 c.c. of water, place in a still, and distill. 
Throw away the first 100 c.c., and collect the next 800 c.c. 
176. (a) 39.3 in.; (5) 33 oz.; (c) 3000 c.c.; (d) 480 gr. 
177. (a) Resin, Yellow Wax and Lard; (b) Glycerin, Stearic 
Acid and Soda Carbonate; (c) Sulphuric Acid, Tinct. Ginger,. 
Oil Cinnamon and Alcohol; (d) Senna, Manna, Mag. Sulphate 
and Fennel. Hot and cold water. 
178. (a) Argenti Nitras Fusus, made with Hydrochloric Acid 
and Silver Nitrate ; (5) Aqua Amygdalae Amarae, made by dis- 
solving the oil in water by agitation and filtering ; (c) Syrupus 
Amygdalae. See II. S. P. for process, (d) Emplastrum Picis 
Cantharidatum. Made by fusion. 
179. (a) Fruit; (5) fresh leaves; (c) seed and leaves; (d) 
unexpanded flower heads; (e) nearly ripe fruit; (/“) root; (g) 
leaves ; (h) spores. 
180. Repellant throws or keeps something away from it, while 
an absorbant takes it in. Lycopodium is a repellant due to the 
fixed oil it contains. 47 per cent. 
181. (a) HN03; (5) C2H5OH; (c) H202; (d) K2C03; (e) 
NaHC03; (/) Na2S04; (g) KN03. 
182. 456 x 32 = 14592;’ 437.5 X 44 = 19140. 19140 -F 
14592 = 1.31 Sp. Gr. Ans. 
183. 1 liter of Ether weighs 720 grms. ($1.25 -f- 500) X 720 
— $1.80. Ans. 
184. (a) | to 1 gr., or .016 to .065 grm.; (b) £ to 3 grs., or 
0.33 to .19 grm.; (c) to gr. or .0006 to .001 grm.; (d) 
1 to 10 grs. or .065 to .65 grm.; (e) 5 to 15 grs. or .32 to .97 
grm.; (f) % to 3 grs. or .032 to .19 grm.; (g) 10 to 30 grs. or 
.65 to 2 grms. 
185. A large number. 
186. The fruit of Pimpinella Anisrum, Western Asia. Con- 
tains Volatile Oil. Is in sweet Tincture of Rhubarb. 
187. (a) 6; (b) 5. 
188. $6.50 437.5 = .015. 456 x 2 x .05 = 45.6. 45.6 x 
$.015 = 68 cents. Ans. 
189. Bismuth, Silver, Oxygen, Copper, Bromine, Arsenic, 
Iodine, Phosphorus, Hydrogen, Iron, Lead. 69 
190. (a) Meter; (b) liter; (c) gram. 
191. .000065, .00013, .0013, .0065, .032, .065, .011, .016, 
.008 grams. 
192. Divide by 15.4 to change grains to grams. Change deci- 
grams to grams, and multiply by 15.4 to change to grains. 
193. (a) Thickened underground stem; (5) part of a flower; 
(c) root-branches; (cl) a solid bulb; (e) outer part of a flower ; 
(f) a leaf bud with fleshy scales. 
194. (a) Chimaphila Umbellata; (b) Imula Helenium; (c) 
Spirae Ulmaria; (cl) Eugenia Aromatica ; (e) Geranium Macu- 
latum; (f) Picraena Excelsia; (g) Cimicifuga Pacemosa. 
195. Iodine. Cods’ livers are heated in wooden tanks by low 
pressure steam, and the oil is drained off. 
196. (a) Horse radish; (b) common oat? (c) Geranium; 
(cl) Idorehound. 
197. Tannin. .4 per cent, in wine and .2 per cent, in syrup. 
199. Do not use heat and keep well covered. 
200. .12 per cent, in Spts. and 1 percent, in oil. 
201. (a) Emetin; (b) Hydrastin; (c) Tannin; (d) Eugenol. 
202. Elixir of Vitrol; 20 per cent. 
203. (a) Fresh leaves; (b) leaves of second years growth; (c) 
Kino, juice; (cl) root; (e) leaves; (/) root; (g) leaves. 
204. Mass, 33 per cent.; ointment, 50 per cent. ; plasters, 30 
percent.; plaster with Ammoniac, 18 percent.; Mercury and 
chalk, 38 per cent. 
205. (a) Calcium sulphate ; (b) calcium carbonate ; (c) calcium 
chloride is mixed with sodium carbonate. 
206. Spirit of Chloroform, it is 6 per cent, by volume now, 
and in 1880 it was 10 per cent, by weight, so that there is 
hardly any difference between the two. 
207. 1 per cent. Dose is 3 to 10 min., .19 grs. in 20 gtts. and 
440 drops in 1 ounce. 
208. See U. S. P. 
209. (a) Internal fat of the abdomen of Ovis Aries ; (b) same 
from Sus Scrofa; (c) The swimming bladder of Acipenser 
Huso. 70 
210. (a) 456 x 32 x .72 — 10506.24 -4- 437.5 = 24 oz. 
(5) 456 x 32 x 1-5 =21888. -4- 437.5 = 50 oz. 
(c) 456 X 32 x 1.31 = 19115.52 -4-437.5 = 43.6 oz. 
(d) 456 X 32 x 1.25 = 18240. -4- 437.5 = 41.6 oz. 
(e) 456 x 32 x 1 =14592. -4-437.5 = 33.3 oz. 
211. (a) Carbolic Acid ; (b) Alkaloid from Physostigma ven- 
enosum ; (c) active principle of Ipecac ; (d) Alkaloid of Opium. 
212. 7J-4- .05 = 150. 
213. $160 x .98 = 156.88 x .95 = 149.036 x .90 = $134.32 
Ans. 
214. (a) Pyrethrum Pathenium ; (5) Viburum Prunifolium ; 
(c) Viburum Opulus; (d) Caulophyllum ; (e) Menisperum Can- 
adensis. 
215. Spirits, .12 per cent.; oil, 1 per cent.; elixir, gr. to 
drachm ; pill, gr. 
216. Pepsin is a ferment obtained from the stomach of pigs. 
Pancreatin comes from the pancreas of hogs. Pepsin is capable 
of digesting not less than 3000 times its own weight of coagu- 
lated albumen. 
217. (a) From the willow ; (5) mixture of Aloes and Canella 
(c) Nitrohydrochlorie acid; (d) Tinct. Senna, Br. 
218. (a) Aloes soap and water, Asafoetida soap and water, 
Opium soap and water; (b) Tannic acid, sugar of lead and zinc 
sulphate; (c) Acetanilid, Cinchona, and antipyrine; (d) 
Asafoetida, allspice, and Asclepias. 
219. (a) H3B03; (5) H2C20<; (c) HC1; (d) II2S04. 
220. (a) One is an acid and the other is a salt of that acid; 
(b) Ergot, Conium, Sanguinaria and Nux Vomica. 
221. Heat the lard oil to 100° C., add 70 grins, nitric acid, 
heat for about one hour. Then let cool to 40° C., and add the 
solution of Hg(N03)2. 
222. (a) .052 percent.; (b) 1 gr. in 60; (c) 1.3 per cent, in 
the liquid prep, except paregoric. 
223. (a) Morphine; (b) Strychnine; (c) Aconitine; (d) 
Caffeine; (e) Cocaine; (f) Emetin ; (g) Eserine ; (h) Digitalin; 
(i) Santonin. 71 
234. Iodine 5 per cent., Iodide of Potas. 10 per cent, and water 
to make 100 grms. ; 10 x .05 = .5 grs. Ans. 
235. Morphine Sulphate 16 grs. and water 1 oz. 16 4- 456 = 
or per cent, in any amt. of the solution. 
236. Oils of bitter almond and volatile oil of mustard. They 
are heavier than water, being two of the exceptions. 
237. Synthesis is the building up of a compound from its 
elements. It is direct when the component parts enter directly 
together and indirect when other things are formed before getting 
the final product. 
238. Analysis is the breaking up of a substance into the things 
that compose it. It is direct when we get the things immediately 
and indirect when some other substance is formed before getting 
at the constituents. 
239. Qualitative analysis is finding out what there is in an 
unknown substance. Example: Donovan’s Solution contains 
mercuric and arsenic iodide. Quantitative analysis is finding out 
how much of a substance is in an unknown thing. Example: 
Donovan’s Solution contains 1 per cent, each of arsenic and mer- 
curic iodide. 
240. Chemistry is the study of molecular and atomic structure 
of bodies. Physics is the science of inorganic matter and its 
forces. Chemism is the chemical. attraction one body has for 
another. 
241. When a substance acts on another so as to break it up 
into different things it is called chemical decomposition. Double 
decomposition is where two different substances are mixed 
together so as to make two new things. Example: AgNO., + 
NaCl = AgCl + ISTaNOg. 
242. (a) Chlorine and Creasote water; (b) Peroxide of 
Hydrogen, Liquor Ammonium Acetatis; (c) Magnesia; (d) 
Ointment of Tar and Cold Cream; (e) Precip. Carb. Cal- 
cium. 
243. Honey, wax, tinct. and cerate of Cantharides are made 
by or from insects. Suet, lard, spermaciti, lanoline and pepsin 
are of animal origin. 72 
244. Contains chiefly Methyl Salicylate. Sp. Gr. .90 to .92. 
Salicylic Acid is obtained from it. Dose is 5 to 10 min., and is a 
stimulant and antiseptic, and used as a flavor. 
245. Corrosive Sublimate, Oxalic Acid, Silver Nitrate, Car- 
bolic Acid, Laudanum, Tinct. Aconite, Tinct. Arnica, Arsenic, 
Red Precipitate and strong acids. 
246. See U. S. P. 
247. Emulsum Amygdalae; (b) Liquor Ferri et Ammonii 
Acetatis; (c) Mixture Glycyrrhizae Composita; (d) Liquor 
Potassii Citratis. 
248. 1000 — 2.1 fl. oz.; so it will hold 2.1 fl. oz. of 
any liquid. It will hold the same volume, but different weight. 
249. Add water until it weighs 8 oz. 
250. 8 oz. 
251. (a) Root, Aconitine; (b) root, resin; (c) leaves, Digi- 
taline ; (d) dried paste, Caffeine ; (e) leaves and root, Atropine. 
252. An organic substance is an organized substance and con- 
tains Carbon. Example : Benzine. An organic is not organized 
and generally has no Carbon. Example : Common salt. • 
253 (a) Lime; (b) Ferric Hydrate; (c) NaCl; (d) Tannin. 
254. (a) From sawdust; (b) nut galls ; (c) lemon juice ; (d) 
cow’s milk ; (e) heavy oil of coal tar. 
255. (a) Oil of Cade; (b) Benzin; (c) Camphor. 
256. Urethral 1 grin., Rectal 1 grin., and Vaginal 3 grins. 
257. Glycerin Supp. See U. S. P. for method of making. 
258. (a) India; the root is used as an expectorant and an 
emetic. (b) India; the leaflets are used as a cathartic, (c) S. 
A.; the dried paste is used as a tonic and nervine, (d) Mexico ; 
it is used for coloring. 
259. (a) Hydrargyri Chloridum Mite; (b) Campogia; (c) 
Coccus; (d) Santalum Rubrum; (e) Guaiacum Resina; (/') 
My ristica. 
260. (a) Folium; (b) Bacca; (c) Fructus; (d) Cortex; (e) 
Succus; (/) Rhizoma; (</) Medulla. 
261. Alcohol precipitates Acacia and doesn’t the pith. 
262. The deodorized is the cheaper, because it lias less Alcohol 
and the Ether is recovered by distill. 73 
272. From Ricini Communis. Obtained from Michigan. 
Obtained by cold expression. 
273. Castor Oil. Cotton Seed Oil is insoluble in Alcohol. 
274. No. Do not buy it if it breaks with a sliarjj fracture, 
and it should have a pinkish tinge. 
275. (a) Deliquesent salt is one that liquifies ; {b) effloresent 
when it forms a white powder on surface by losing water ; (c) 
hydroscopic is when it absorbs water from air, but not enough to 
liquify. 
276. 1 %. 
277. $1.65. 
278. (a) 31.8 % ; (b) 2 % ; (c) 68 % ; (d) 92 % ; (e) 
85 %. 
279. (a) Hydrargyri Chloridum Mite; (b) Ilydrargyri Chlori- 
dum Corrosivum; (c) Phytolaccae Fuctus; (d) Sassafras 
Medulla ; (e) Massa Hydrarygri. 
280. {a) A % ; (b) 10 % ; (c) 10 % ; (d) 1 gr. ; (e) £ gr. 
281. Spongia officinalis. Their chief source is from the Medi- 
terranian and Red seas. It is a polymorphous animal. The best 
sponge is the Medit., worth about $1. per. lb.; Sheep wool, from 
50 cents to 80 cents ; Cup sponges, about 25 cents; and Reef 
sponges are the cheapest, worth 10 to 15 cents a piece. 
282. Solution of Morphine ; 1 gr. to 1 oz. of H20. 
283. Wine of Antimony. 
284. Would not put it up. 
285. Dissolve 2 oz. of KI in the and then the iodine. 
(160 -y 480) x =3.5 grs. in 10 min.; = 26 per 
cent. 
286. (a) Podophyllum; (b) Coloynthus; (c) Cypripedium; 
(d) Digitalis; (e) Lobelia. 
287. (a) Cor. Sub.; (b) Cor. Sub.; (c) Cor. Sub.; (d) 
Calomel; (e) Cor. Sub.; {/) Calomel; (g) Calomel. 
288. (a) .034 gr.; (b) .84 gr.; (c) .84 gr.; (d) .84 gr. (e) 
.14 gr. 
289. («) Produces sweating; (5) dilates the pupil of eye; (c) 
contracts pupil of eye ; (d) used to neutralize acid in stomach; 
(e) medicines expelling gas in alimentary canal. 74 
290. (a) Papaveraceae; (b) Rubiaceae; (c) Lineae ; (d) 
Labiacae ; (e) Coniferae ; (/') Laurineae. 
291. (a) Citric acid; (b) Sulphuric acid ; (c) Camphor; (d) 
Oil of Peppermint; (e) Linseed Oil. 
292. (a) 740; (5) 10; (c) .6; (d) 1 ; (e) 25. 
293. (a) Lime Avater gives black precipitate with calomel and 
yellow Avith other. (b) Morphine is soluble and is turned red bv 
nitric acid. 
294. (a) Drop; (b) a draught; (c) to-morrow; ('cl) boil 
according to art; (e) camel hair pencil; (f) three times a day ; 
((/) a pill box; (h) immediately; (i) a cough ; (j) the bottle 
having been first shaken. 
295. (a) IIN03; (b) IvX03; (c) Ivl; (d) MgS04; (c) 
FeS04. 
296. Give an emetic first. Sulphate of Zinc is best one. Keep 
person in motion and give strong coffee. Send for a doctor. 
297. (a) 7 per cent.; (b) 50 per cent.; (c) 2 per cent, of ext.; 
(d) 35 per cent.; (e) 20 per cent.; (/’) 20 per cent.; (g) 15 per 
cent.; (h) 10 per cent. 
298. Add a sol. of Ivl to a solution of a mercuric salt. 
299. 43 of the 10 grs., and 29 of the 15 grs. 
ORAL ANSWERS. 
300. .12 per cent. 
301. .4 per cent. 
302. 6 per cent, by volume. 
303. Ammoniated alcohol. 
304. Antimonial pill comp. 
305. Nux Vomica. 
306. Ipecac and Opium. 
307. Crude Oleic Acid. 
308. of gr. to teaspoonful. 
309. Lime water gives black ppt; Other yellow. 
310. Resin Cerate. 
311. Glvcerite of Vitelli. 75 
312. Neutral principle from seed of Anamirata Paniculata. 
313. Sulphurated Antimony. 
314. Yellow Subsulphate of Mercury. 
315. Black Sulphuret of Mercury. 
316. Fused Silver Nitrate. 
317. Dilute Silver Nitrate 
318. Sulphureted Potash. 
319. Lycopodium. 
320. 33 per cent. 
321. 30 per cent. 
322. 50 per cent. 
323. Syrup Iron Quinine et Strychnine Phosphate. 
324. Oil Thyme. 
325. Hemp. 
326. Catechu. 
327. Tomato. 
328. Quillaja. 
329. Acetate of Lead. 
330. Tinct. Cinchona Comp. 
331. Acetate of Potassium. 
332. Hydrochloric Acid. 
333. Ergot. 
334. Ammonia Liniment. 
335. Levigated Sulphide of Mercury. 
336. Impure Carbonate of Zinc. 
337. Obtained from Cochineal. 
338. Glycerin makes Creasote turbid, other does’nt. 
339. Comp. Licorice Powder. 
340. Comp. Licorice Powder. 
341. Comp. Licorice Powder. 
342. A substance used to fix a color. 
343. Heavy Oil of Wine et stronger Ether aa. 
344. Dissolves Oil Cloves. 
345. From Whiskey. 
346. From Wood. 
347. From Starch and Sugar. 76 
348. Ethyl with 10 per cent. Methyl Alcohol. 
349. Double Carbonate of Mg and Ca. 
350. Crude Acetic Acid. 
351. Tinct. Aloes and Myrrh. 
352. Tinct. Senna. 
353. Creasote. 
354. Comp. Solution of Borax, N. F. 
355. Magnesium Sulphate. 
356. Extracted with water. 
357. By sublimation. 
358. Incising the leaves. 
369. Incising the trunk. 
370. Exudes and is collected in cups. 
371. A decoction is made of the wood. 
372. Acetate of Copper. 
373. Mass has Na2C03; Pill has Iv2C03. 
375. Tinct. Benzoin Comp. 
376. Tinct. Benzoin Comp. 
380. Made by acting on Alcohol with Sulphuric Acid at temp. 
130° C. 
381. Made by acting on Alcohol with Calcium Hypochlorite. 
382. By addition of sugar. 
383. By addition of sugar. 
384. None until after it is moistened. 
385. None until after it is moistened. 
386. Impure Potassium Carbonate. 
387. Carbonate of Potassium. 
388. Turpentine and Cojiaiba. 
389. Mandrake, Jalap and Scammony. 
390. 15 per cent. 
391. 18 per cent. 
392. Made from borax. 
393. Mined in U. S. 
394. Mined in U. S. 
395. Senna. 
396. Manna. 77 
397. Sugar heated to 185° C. and cooled. 
398. Chloride of Antimony. 
399. Head of sperm whale. 
400. By product in manuf. of Soaps. 
401. Iodide of Arsenic. 
402. Action of Chlorine on Alcohol. 
403. KI + K2 C03 + Alcohol. 
404. Stearopten of Oil of Peppermint. 
405. Artificial Oil of Wintergreen. 
406. Salol. 
407. Diatomic phenol. 
408. Stearoptin of Oil of Thyme. 
409. Nitric Acid on amyl Alcohol. 
410. Polymeric form of Aldehyde. 
411. Oleum Erigerontis. 
412. Three. 
413. Resorcin, Antipyrine and Urethane; the rest are spar- 
ingly soluble. 
414. With Iodides, Chlorides and Bromides in alcoholic solu- 
tions. 
415. To take out the fixed Oil. 
416. Tinct. Lactucarium. 
417. Sanguinaria. 
418. 1 to 5 min. 
419. Spores of Lycopodium Clavatum. 
420. Bin and duto mean double or higher; Proto means 
lower or single. 
421. Arnica and Catechu Comp. 
422. Asaf; Benzoin; 2 Guaiacs, Musk, Myrrh. 
423. Benzoin comp, and Stropanthus. 
424. Wine of Opium. 
425. Deod. tinct. of Opium. 
426. Linseed Oil et Lime Water aa. 
427. Due to impurities (Pb.). 
428. Two Leeches. 
429. Liq. Plumbi Subacetas. 78 
430. Cerate of Liq. Plumbi Subacet. 
431. Destructive distillation of Wood. 
432. Bisulphate has 13 per cent, less Quinine and is more 
soluble. 
433. Use twice amount of Iodide of Pot. with the Iodine. 
434. None. Cocaine conies from Coca Erythoxylon and choco- 
late from Theobroma Cacao. (Don’t get caught on this question.) 
435. Alcohol. 
436. Carbon Bisulphide. 
437. Glacial Acetic Acid. 
438. Act on Borax with Hydrochloric Acid. 
439. Gives blue color with starch. 
440. Buckthorn. 
441. Made from Olive Oil and Soda. 
442. The solid part of a Volatile Oil. 
443. Chlorine, Bromine and Iodine. 
444. From Beech Wood. 
445. Tinct. Veratrum Viridi. 
446. Hydrochloric Acid. 
447. From the Strobiles of Hops. 
448. Lime is Chalk with the Carbondioxide driven off. 
449. To Neutralize Chrysophanic Acid. 
450. Oxalate of Potassium. 
451. Spirits Glonoini. 
452. A Pill Box. 
453. Cathamus Tinctoria. 
454. Sodium Nitrate. 
455. Alkaloid from Broom. 
456. Syrup Ipecac. 
457. Syrup Senega. 
458. Agitating with Paper Pulp and Straining. 
459. One containing Cynamic or Benzoic Acid. 
460. 9 to 13 per cent. 
461. Triticum and Castanea. 
462. Comp. Rhubarb Powder. 
463. Pill Aloes and Mastiche. 79 
464. Iron Plaster. 
465. Red is more poisonous because it lias twice as much Iodine. 
467. Subchloride is insoluble in water and not poisonous. 
468. 1 gr. to ounce of water. 
469. 1 per cent. 
470. Spts. Nitro-glycerin. 
471. Subsulphate of Iron. 
472. Cypropidium. 
473. Thin or flat scale. 
474. To put with alcoholic mixtures. 
475. Citrine Ointment. 
477. Glycerin supp. 
478. Calomel. 
479. Corrosive Sublimate. 
480. Red Oxide of Hg. 
481. Ammoniated Hg. 
482. Sulphate of Copper. 
483. Sulphate of Iron. 
484. Sulphate of Zinc. 
485. Skunk’s cabbage. 
486. Calcium Hypochlorite. 
487. Ointment of Hg. 
488. One litter of II weighs 76 m. m. at 0° C. 
489. An element is a substance which can not, by any known 
means, be split up into two or more other kinds of substances. 
490. An atom is the smallest substance that can enter into 
chemical action. 
491. A molecule is the smallest substance that can exist alone. 
492. 1 per cent. 
493. The act of two liquids mixing together of their own accord. 
494. Magnesium Sulphate. 
495. Use starch and glucose, and be careful to get the Strych- 
nine evenly divided. 
496. Podophyllum. 
497. Bisulphate contains 13 per cent less Quinine and is more 
soluble because it has more of the acid radical S04. 80 
498. To hold up the Senegin. 
499. Water and Alcohol. 
500. Less. 
501. Alcohol. 
502. Calomel. 
503. Red Iodide. ' It has twice as much Iodine as the yellow; 
and is more poisonons for this reason. 
504. Deodorized Tinct. of Opium.