MANUAL OF 
PRESCRIPTION-WRITING 
AND POSOLOGY MANUAL 
OF 
PRESCRIPTION -WRITING 
AND 
POSOLOGY 
PREPARED FOR 
STUDENTS AND PRACTITIONERS OF 
VETERINARY MEDICINE 
BY 
HARRY D. HANSON, D.V.S. 
Associate Professor of Principles and^ractice of Veterinary Medicine and Clinical 
Medicine in the New York-American Veterinary College (Veterinary School 
of the New York University), Professor of Canine Pathology, Helmin- 
thology and Dermatology, and Associate Professor of Theory and 
Practice and Clinical Veterinary Medicine in the Ameri- 
can Veterinary College before consolidation; 
Member of the American Veterinary Medical Association ; Member of the 
New York State Veterinary Medical Society ; Member of the Veteri- 
nary Medical Association of New York County, etc., etc.; 
Author of "Practice of Equine Medicine'' 
NEW YOISL 
H. D. HANSON, Publisher 
1900 Copyright, 1900, by 
HARRY D. HANSON 
TROW DIRECTORY 
PRINTING AND BOOKBINDING COMPANY 
NEW YORK Go 
M. H. McKILLIP, M.D., V.S. 
PROFESSOR OF THEORY AND PRACTICE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE 
AND SURGERY, AND DEAN OF THE MCKILLIP VETERINARY 
COLLEGE, CHICAGO, ILL. 
FOR HIS EFFORTS IN THE CAUSE 
OF VETERINARY EDUCATION ' 
THIS VOLUME IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED 
BY THE AUTHOR PREFACE. 
In compiling this small work, it has been the object of 
the writer to place in as brief a space as possible, the rudi- 
ments of Latin used in Prescription Writing, a Table of 
the Drugs, with their doses and principal actions or uses, 
together with some data pertaining to pharmacy, for the 
benefit of students and practitioners of veterinary medi- 
cine. 
In so small a work it is impossible to give more than a 
mere outline, so that for more detailed information other 
works of a larger scope must be referred to. 
The following authorities have been consulted freely in 
compiling this volume : the United States Pharmacopoeia, 
the United States Dispensatory, Remington's Practice of 
Pharmacy, Finlay Dun, Roscoe R. Bell, Gresswell and 
others. 
The author begs to record his obligations to Professor 
L. A. Merillat, V.S., of Chicago, and to Herman Walter, 
Ph.G., of New York City, for valuable assistance in the 
preparation of many details, as well as to the veterinarians 
who have so kindly contributed the prescriptions for the 
Appendix. These prescriptions are intended more espe- 
cially as object lessons with the view of improving the 
readers' minds on the various drugs that may be combined 
11 12 
PREFACE. 
in prescriptions without affecting their actions in partic- 
ular, and possibly to suggest the use of certain drugs for 
special cases. 
It should be thoroughly understood that the author of 
this work is not in favor nor does he recommend that these 
combinations be used in a careless and routine manner. 
(See Principles of Combining Drugs and Incompatibility.) 
If this work will be an aid to students and practitioners 
then my efforts have not been without avail. 
The Author. 
160 and 162 Eldridge Street, 
City of New York, 
Borough of Manhattan, 
1899. CONTENTS. 
CHAPTER I. 
PAGE 
Prescription Writing 19 
Definition of 19 
Parts of a 19 
Allotting Quantities in a 21 
Symbolic Characters in 21 
Unusual Doses 23 
Model 23 
Labels 24 
Misleading abbreviations 25 
CHAPTER IL 
Grammatical Construction of Prescriptions 26 
Alphabet 26 
Letters 26 
Sounds 26 
Syllables 27 
Accent 27 
Parts of Speech 27 
Gender 27 
Cases 27 
Rules of Syntax 28 
CHAPTER III. 
Declensions 31 
First 31 
Second 33 
13 14 
CONTENTS. 
Declensions-Continued. page 
Third 34 
Fourth 37 
Fifth 37 
Endings of the Five Declensions in Latin 37 
Adjectives 39 
Cardinals 39 
Ordinals 39 
Numeral Adverbs 39 
V ERBS 40 
Prepositions 41 
CHAPTER IV. 
Latin Terms and Abbreviations Used in Prescrip- 
tions 42 
CHAPTER V. 
Principles of Combining Drugs 47 
Incompatibility 48 
Rules for Preventing 49 
Chemical 51 
Pharmaceutical 51 
Therapeutical 51 
Dangerous and Erroneous Combinations 52 
CHAPTER VI. 
Solution 55 
Table of the Solubility of Some of the Impor- 
tant Drugs Used in Veterinary Medicine 57 
CHAPTER VIL 
Weights and Measures 60 
Troy or Apothecaries' Weights 60 
Wine or Apothecaries' Measures 61 CONTENTS. 
15 
Weights and Measures-Continued. page 
Number of Drops in a Fluid Drachm of Different 
Liquids 61 
Metric Table of Lengths 63 
Metric Table of Capacities 63 
Metric Table of Weights 64 
Methods of Converting Metric Weights into Those 
Commonly Used and Vice Versa 65 
Table of Equivalents of Apothecaries' in Metric 
Weights 68 
Table of Equivalents of Apothecaries' in Metric 
Measures 69 
Table of Equivalents of Inches in Metric Length... 70 
Table of Equivalents of Solutions of Various 
Strengths 71 
CHAPTER VIII. 
Officinae Preparations 72 
Liquid Preparations 72 
Spirits 72 
Elixirs 72 
Collodions 72 
Waters 72 
Solutions 73 
Glycerites 73 
Syrups 73 
Honeys 73 
Mucilages 73 
Mixtures 73 
Liniments 74 
Oleates 74 
Decoctions 74 
Infusions 74 
Tinctures . 74 
Fluid Extracts. 74 
Wines 75 
Vinegars 75 16 
CONTENTS. 
Officinal Preparations- Continued. • page 
Oleoresins 75 
Oils 75 
Emulsions 75 
Lotions 76 
Solid Preparations 76 
Abstracts 76 
Extracts 76 
Resins 76 
Confections 76 
Cerates 76 
Papers 76 
Triturates 76 
Plasters 76 
Masses 77 
Pills 77 
Balls 77 
Capsules 77 
Powders 77 
Ointments 77 
Suppositories 77 
CHAPTER IX. 
POSOLOGY 78 
Table of Drugs With Doses for Hypodermic Use... 80 
Table of Drugs With Doses Given by the Mouth... 81 
CHAPTER X. 
Vocabulary 119 
APPENDIX. 
Prescriptions by Prominent Veterinarians 169 
Index 215 PRESCRIPTION WRITING. CHAPTER I. 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
A Prescription is a written formula of remedies, with 
directions to the compounder or apothecary for their prep- 
aration, and instructions for the guidance of the attendant 
of the patient. 
The word " prescription " is derived from the Latin word 
prcescriptio-pros, signifying before, and scribo, to write. 
A Prescription is written in Latin for the following 
reasons : 
1. It is understood all over the world. 
2. Being a dead language, it never changes. 
3. Latin names are distinctive. 
4. To withhold a knowledge of the contents, in many 
cases, from the patient or the lay public. 
THE PARTS OF A PRESCRIPTION. 
1. The Superscription, or heading. 
2. The Inscription, the names and quantities of in- 
gredients. 4 
3. Subscription, directions to the compounder or Phar- 
macist. 
19 20 
PRESCRIPTION writing. 
4. Signa, directions for the patient. 
5. Name or description of the patient. 
6. Name of the veterinarian, with the date. 
1. The Superscription. 
From super, above, and scribo, to write ; this consists of 
the symbol R, which is an abbreviation of Recipe, which 
means " take," the imperative of the Latin verb recipio, 
to take. 
In French, P., the first letter of prenez = take. 
In German, the word nimm = take. 
The inclined stroke is traced to the superstition of the 
ancients when they placed the sign () J upiter, represent- 
ing a prayer. This was replaced by R and the stroke 
from the all-powerful Jove. 
2. The Inscription. 
From inscribo, to write in or upon. The names and 
quantities of ingredients are an important part of the pre- 
scription and should be written with care. The officinal 
names of the ingredients should be used. 
A model Prescription contains :- 
I. Basis or chief ingredient. 
II. Adjuvant or aid to basis (auxiliary). 
III. Corrective to qualify the action of basis and adju- 
vant. 
IV. Vehicle or diluent (for color, consistency, and 
form). 
It is not essential for a prescription to contain all of these 
parts to be correct. It is well to have prescriptions as 
simple as possible. The chief ingredient (basis) should be PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
21 
written first; then the auxiliary, etc., and lastly the 
vehicle. 
1. Be careful about abbreviating. 
2. Write the cabalistic signs plainly. 
3. Write ingredients in their proper order. 
4. Now, decide the total number of doses, pills, etc., 
and affix the quantity of each ingredient by multiplying 
by a single dose. 
Method of Allotting Quantities. 
Basis 
Tincturae opii 
8 
X 
1 (oz.). 
? viij. 
8 oz. 
Adjuvant. . 
Potassii bromidi 
8 
X 
2 dr. 
16 dr. = 2 oz. 
Corrective. 
Tincturae zingiberis. 
8 
X 
4 dr. 
32 dr. = 4 oz. 
Vehicle.. .. 
Aquae ad 
8 
X 
2 (oz.). 
Oi. 
16 oz. =1 pint 
Misce et fiat mistura. 
Sig: Da cyathus omni bihoris (omn. bih.) 
Give wineglassful (2 oz.) every two hours. 
Symbolic Characters in Latin Prescriptions. 
TH, Minim = of a fluid drachm. 
gtt Gutta - a drop (guttae = drops). 
3 Scrupulus = a scruple (20 grains). 
3 Drachma = a drachm (60 grains). 
f 3 Fluid Drachma = fluid drachm (60 TH). 
3 Uncia = troy ounce (480 grains). 
f I Fluid Uncia = fluid ounce (8 fluid drachms). 
lb Libra = a pound (5,760 grains). 
0 Octarius = a pint (16 fluid ounces). 
gr Granum = a grain (plural grana = grains). 
ss Semis = half. 
The Roman numerals are used to designate quantities- 22 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
i., ij., iij., iv., v., vj., vij., viij., ix., x., xx., xxx., xl., 1., 
lx., Ixx., Ixxx., XC., C. 
Always dot each (i) to avoid mistakes. 
3. Subscription or Directions to Pharmacist. 
A single word or letter is generally used ; M or mtsce-S 
or solve-F or fiat, etc., bolus, electuarium, etc. 
The veterinarian relies on the skill of the pharmacist 
in many instances. The subscription should be written in 
Latin. 
4. The Signa. 
Imperative of verb Signo = (to mark), sometimes called 
signatura-written Sig. or S. Formerly these directions 
were written in Latin, but now in English, which is prob- 
ably better in most instances. 
Never write "as directed," as an overdose may be given 
and serious harm result. 
Give the dose, the method of administration, the time 
the medicine is to be given, if to be diluted, etc. 
5. Name or Description of the Patient. 
It is well to designate " Mr. Blank's pug dog," " Gray 
gelding, Tom," " Bay mare, Kate," " Red cow, Bos," 
" Spotted pig," etc. 
A prescription may be intended for a horse and by mis- 
take be given to a dog, etc. 
6. Name of the Veterinarian, with Date. 
The name should be signed in full, except when a pre- 
scription blank is used, with the name and address printed PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
23 
thereon, in which case the initials or last name is suf- 
ficient. 
In a hurry, a mistake of some sort may be made in 
writing, as the ounce sign for the drachm, giving incom- 
patibles, etc., and the pharmacist may desire to communi- 
cate with the veterinarian in order to ascertain if the pre- 
scription is correct. 
Unusual Doses. 
It is well to underline large doses of poisonous drugs, 
to let the druggist know that no mistake has been made ; 
or to write Q. R. (quantum rectum) or write the word 
correct. 
B Pulveris opii 3 iij. 
Zingiberis rad. pulv... 3 ss. 
Misce et fiat bolus, 
Sig. Give at once. 
A Model Prescription. 
B Superscription. 
(Basis.) Aloes Barbadensis 3 vij. 
(Adjuvant.) Hydrargyri chloridi mitis. . 3 j. 
(Corrective.) Pulveris zingiberis radicis.. 3 ss. 
(Vehicle.) Glycerini^ q.s 
Inscription. 
Misce et fiat bolus Subscription. 
Give at once. 
Mr. B , Boan Mare. 
1-29-98. 
Signa. 
John Doe, D.V.S. 
14 Second Avenue. 
Aloes Barbadensis 27.00 
Hydrargyri chloridi mitis 4.00 
Pulveris zingiberis radicis 2.00 
Glycerini . q.s. 
Misce et fiat Bolus. 
Signa, give at once. 24 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
THE USE OF LABELS. 
Have all remedies labelled, and in dispensing see that 
each medicinal preparation be supplied with a neatly 
marked and distinct label, with full directions as to how 
it is to be used. It is not only improper but mistakes are 
liable to happen when the words " as directed " are 
placed on the label. 
In writing labels or directions for use they should be 
written out in full, as, for example : " Give one ounce 
every three hours." Do not write "1 ounce every 3 
hours," as the "one" may resemble a " seven " and the 
"three" resemble an "eight" and thus either too much 
or too little be given, and repeated too soon or not fre- 
quently enough. 
Extra Labels.-In writing prescriptions containing 
arsenic, belladonna, aconite, etc., the doses being large 
would produce death if taken by a person by mistake. 
For this reason pharmacists often affix an external label, 
which often worries the client for fear there may be a 
mistake and if given cause death of the animal. When 
special labels are required veterinarians should so state in 
the prescription. 
A prescription should not be refilled except on an order, 
as the drugs may be indicated in one stage and not in an- 
other, or what may be good for one animal may not be 
good for another on account of some special condition. 
It is well to have printed on the prescription blanks, 
" not to be refilled," gy even to write this. 
MISLEADING ABBREVIATIONS IN PRESCRIPTION 
WRITING 
They are generally used in writing prescriptions in gen- 
eral practice, but care should be taken in using some of PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
25 
the abbreviations, as they stand for more than one drug, 
whose actions may be totally different. (See table of Latin 
abbreviations elsewhere.) 
Acid. hyd. dil. for... 
Hydrobromic acid. 
Hydrochloric acid. 
Hydriodic acid. 
Hydrocyanic acid. 
Aconit. stands for ... 
Aconitine. 
Aconite radix. 
Aconite folia. 
Ammon, stands for.. 
Ammonia (alkali). 
Ammoniac (gum resin). 
Aq. chlor, stands for. 
Aqua chlori. 
Aqua chloroform. 
Chiorum (chlorine). 
Chloroform. 
Chloral hydrate. 
Chlor, stands for.... 
Calc, chlor, stands for 
Chloride of calcium. 
Chlorinated lime. 
Ext. col. stands for.. 
Extractum colchici. 
Extractum colocynthidis. 
Calomel. 
Corrosive sublimate. 
Chloral hydrate. 
Hydr. chlor for .... 
Hydr. hin. stands for - 
Hydrargyri biniodidum (red iodide of mercury). 
Hydrargyri binoxydum (red oxide of mercury). 
Sod. sulph. stands for 
Sulphide (sodium). 
Sulphite (sodium). 
Sulphate (sodium). 
Sulphur. 
Sulphate. 
Sulphite. 
Sulph. stands for... 
Zinc phosph, for ... 
phosphate °* zjnc 
Phosphide of zinc. CHAPTER II. 
GRAMMATICAL CONSTRUCTION OF PRESCRIP- 
TIONS. 
To write prescriptions correctly some knowledge of the 
principles of Latin is required. 
Alphabet.-The Latin and English alphabets are the 
same excepting that the (w and j) are left out in the Latin : 
(k) is seldom used and (y and z) are only found in words 
derived from Greek or other foreign sources. 
Letters.-These are either vowels or consonants. The 
vowels are a, e, i, o, u, y ; the consonants are (first),- 
the liquids, (I, m, n, r); (second),-the mutes [P-mutes 
(p, b, f, r), T-mutes (t, d), K-mutes (k, c, g, q, (w))] ; 
(third),-the sibilant (s); (fourth),-the double consonants 
*)• 
Sounds.-There are two ways of pronouncing Latin in 
this country-one, known as the Roman, where each letter 
has the same sound, and the other, known as the English, 
in which, as its name indicates, the sounds are somewhat 
similar to those in English, a (pronounced ah), b (be or 
bay), c (ke), e (e, eh), f (ef), g (ge), h (ha), i (ee), k (ka), 
1 (el), m (em), n (en), o (o), p (pe), q (koo), r (er), s (ess); 
t (te), u, v (00), x (ix), y (u), z (zeta). The vowels are 
either short or long, and pronounced accordingly. The 
consonants are with few exceptions about the same as in 
English. The diphthongs are ce, au, ei, ce, eu, ui. 
26 CONSTRUCTION OF PRESCRIPTIONS. 
27 
Syllables.-These are short, long, or common. Short 
when its vowel is followed by another vowel or diphthong ; 
long when it contains a diphthong or when its vowel is fol- 
lowed by j, x, z or any two consonants, excepting a mute 
with I or r ; a syllable is common when its vowel, if short, 
is followed by a mute with I or r. The common syllable 
is also called doubtful, as it may be either short or long. 
The following signs placed over the vowels are used to 
denote the quantity of the syllable,-w short, " long, ~ 
common or doubtful. 
Accent.-The accent in words of two syllables is always 
on the first, while words of more than two syllables the 
accent is on the syllable preceding the last or final one. 
Parts of Speech.-There are eight parts of speech in 
Latin, namely: 
1. Nouns 
2 Adjectives 
3. Pronouns 
4. Verbs 
are inflected-that 
is the termina- 
tions change. 
5. Adverbs 
6. Prepositions 
7. Conjunctions 
8. Interjections 
remain 
unchanged. 
There is no article in the Latin language. 
Gender.-There are three genders, the masculine, the 
feminine, and the neuter ; inanimate objects are not al- 
ways neuter as in English, but may be masculine or femi- 
nine. The gender in some nouns vary according to their 
meaning, while others vary with their endings. The 
names of males are masculine, as are mountains, rivers, and 
winds ; the names of females are feminine, as are the names 
of countries, towns, islands and trees; the so-called in- 
declinable nouns are neuter. 
Nouns, adjectives, and pronouns are declined. 
Cases.-In Latin there are six cases : 
1. Nominative, used as in English. 
2. Genitive = origin, possession, or partition. 
3. Dative, denoting that to or for which a thing is done. 28 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
4. Accusative, almost the same as English objective. 
5. Vocative, used in addressing persons or things. 
G. Ablative, denoting from, with, by or in. 
Rules of Syntax. 
The following rules are a few of the important ones that 
should be borne in mind. In every-day practice very little 
grammatical construction is used, so that Rule I. is the 
most important from a practical standpoint. 
Rule I.-The noun expressing the name of the medicine 
is put in the genitive case, when the quantity of it to be 
used is expressed. 
Rule II. If no quantity is expressed but only followed 
by a numeral adjective, the noun is put in the accusative 
case. 
Rule III.-The quantity of the medicine is put in the 
accusative being governed by the verb Recipe. 
Rule IV.-The subject of a finite verb is in the nomina- 
tive case. 
Rule V. The verb agrees with its nominative in person 
and number. 
Rule VI.-The direct object of a transitive verb is put 
in the accusative case. 
Rule VII.-The indirect object is put in the dative case. 
Rule VIII.-The adjective agrees with its noun in gen- 
der, number, and case. 
Rule IX.-The relative agrees with its antecedent in 
gender, number, and person, but not in case. 
Rule X.-One substantive agrees with another in case 
when they signify the same thing. 
The following Latin prescription from Whitla's Ele- 
ments is taken on account of the completeness and briefness CONSTRUCTION OF PRESCRIPTIONS. 
29 
of its grammatical analysis, which no doubt will be very 
instructive : 
B Superscription. 
(Basis.) Pot. acet 3 v. 
(Adjuvant.) Tinct digitalis 3j* 
(Corrective.) Syr. aurantii § j 
(Vehicle.) Decoct, scoparii ; ad. § viij 
Inscription. 
M. ft. mist Subscription. 
Cpt. cochl. mag. ii. Ma q.q. hora expaul. agues. Signa. 
Without abbreviations or contractions it would read 
thus : 
Recipe 
Potasses acetatis drachmas quinque. 
Tinctures digitalis drachmam unam. 
Syrupi aurantii unciam unam. 
Decocti scoparii ad uncias octo. 
Misec. fiat mistura. Capiat cochlearia duo magna quarta quaque 
hora ex paululo aqua. 
B (Recipe). 
v (quinque). 
3 (drachmas). 
Acet. (acetatis). 
Pot. (potassae). 
Recipe Potasses Acetatis drachmas quinque. 
v. irr. tr. imp. m. 2d per. s., to agree with its 
nom. Tu-" thou " (understood). Recipi-o, 
recepi, receptum, recipere. From re and capio. 
Take thou 
num. adj. indec ac. pl. qual. and agreeing with 
drachmas. 
■ five 
n. f. ac. pl. Drachma, -ae. 
n. f. gen. s. qual. drachmas. Acetas, -atis. 
n. f. gen. s. qual. acetatis. Potassa, -se. 
drams 
of acetate 
of potash. 
Recipe Digitalis Tinctures drachmam unam. 
B (Recipe), 
j (unam). 
3 (drachmam). 
Tinct. (tincturae). 
Digit, (digitalis). 
(understood). 
num. adj. ac. s. qual. and agreeing with 
drachmam. Unus, -a, -um. 
Take thou 
■ one 
n. f. ac. s. gov. by recipe. Drachma, se. 
n. f. gen. s. qual. drachmam. Tinctura, 
-se. 
dram 
of the tincture 
n.f. gen. s. qual. tincturae. Digitalis, -is. 
of digitalis. 
Recipe Aurantii Syrupi unciam unam. 
B (Recipe), 
j (unam) 
§ (unciam) 
Syr. (syrupi). 
Aur. (aurantii). 
(understood.) 
(Parsed as before.) 
n. f. ac. s. gov. by recipe. Uncia, -ae. 
n. m. gen. s. qual. unciam. Syrupus, -i. 
n. neut. gen. s. qual. syrupi. Aurantium, -ii. 
Take thou 
one 
ounce 
of syrup 
of orange peel 30 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Recipe Decocti Scoparii ad uncias octo. 
0 (Recipe). 
Ad. 
viij (octo). 
§ (uncias). 
Decoct, (decocti). 
(understood.) 
prep, used adverbially. 
num adj. indec. qual. uncias. 
n. f. ac. pl. gov. by recipe. Uncia, -ae. 
n. neut. gen. s. qual. uncias. Decoctum, -i. 
Take thou 
up to 
eight 
ounces, 
of the decoction 
Scop, (scoparii). 
n. masc. gen. s. qual. decocti. Scoparius 
-ii. 
of broom. 
Misce, fiat mistura. 
M. (misce). 
v. trans, imp. m. p. t., agreeing with and 
governed by Tu (understood). Misceo, -ui, 
mixtum or mistum, miscere. 
Mix you, or mix. 
Mist, (mistura). 
n. f. nom. s„ governing fiat. Mistura, -ae. 
Let the mixture 
Ft. (fiat). 
v. used as passive of facio, pres. sub. 3d s. Used 
as imp. gov. by and agreeing with mistura. 
Fio, factus sum, fieri; to be made or become. 
be made. 
Capiat cochlearia duo magna quarta quaque hora ex paululo aquae. 
irr. v. tr. sub. m. pr. t. 3d per. s. agree- 
ing with and gov. by Is-••he" (un 
derstood). Capio, cepi, captum, cap 
ere, the present subjunctive used as 
an imperative. 
He may take, 
or, let him take. 
Cpt (capiat). 
ij. (du). 
num. adj. ac pl. neut. qual. and agree- 
ing with cochlearia. Duo.-ae,-o. 
-two 
Mag. (magna). 
Coch, (cochlearia). 
adj. ac. pl. neut. qua), and agreeing with 
cochlearia. Magnus. -a, um. 
n. ac. pl. neut. gov. by capiat. Coch- 
leare. -is. 
large 
tablespoonfuls 
q.q. (quaque). 
pron. indef. abl. s., qualifying and agree- 
ing with hora. Quisque, quaeque, 
quodque. 
at each 
Ata (quarta). 
num. adj. abl. s., qualifying and agree- 
ing with hora. Quartus, -a, -um. 
- fourth 
Hord,. 
Ex. 
n. f. abl. s. Hora, -ae. 
prep. 
hour 
out of 
Paul, (paululo). 
Aq. (Aqua). 
adj. abl. s. Used as a noun, gov. by 
ex. Paululus, -a. -um. 
n. f. gen. s. qual. paululo. Aqua, ae 
a little 
of water. CHAPTER III. 
DECLENSIONS. 
There are five declensions, but in medicine only four 
need our attention, as the fifth is not required in ordinary 
prescription writing. 
Each case is formed by adding certain terminations to 
the stem of the word. 
The stem is the unchanged base and is found by dropping 
the ending or termination of the genitive in each declen- 
sion. The endings of the genitive case are, 1st deci., ce ; 
2d deci., i ; 3d deci., is ; 4th deci., us ; 5th deci., ei. 
The terminations are certain case-endings added to the 
last letter of the stem. 
First Declension. 
All nouns ending in a are feminine, and in the genitive 
case end in ce ; they are declined like arnica, except some 
Greek nouns as (Aloe-Gen. Aloes). 
Singular. 
Plural. 
Nom 
. arnica.... 
n 
... .arnicae 
.. ..ce 
Gen. 
arnicae.... 
IP 
arnicarum 
.. .arum 
Dat. 
arnicae... 
rp. 
arnicis 
.. ..is 
Ace. 
arnicam .. 
.. am.... 
arnicas 
.. ..as 
Voc. 
arnica.... 
a 
arnicae 
. ...ce 
Abi. 
arnica.. . 
arnicis 
.. .is 
31 32 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Singular. 
Nom. aloe 
the aloe 
Gen. aloes 
of the aloe 
Dat. aloe 
to or for the aloe 
Acc. aloen 
the aloe 
Voc. aloe 
o aloe 
Abi. aloe 
from, with or by the aloe 
The plural has the same terminations as nouns in (a). 
The following are declined like arnica : 
Acacia. 
Glycyrrhiza. 
Quassia. 
Ammonia. 
Gutta. 
Resina. 
Amygdala. 
Hyoscyamina. 
Rosa. 
Antifebrina. 
Ichthyocolla. 
Sabina. 
Antipyrina. 
Indica 
Sanguinaria. 
Apomorphina. 
Ipecacuanha. 
Santonica. 
Aqua 
Jalapa. 
Sarsaparilla. 
Asafoetida. 
Kamala. 
Scilla. 
Atropina. 
Lobelia. 
Senega. 
Belladonna. 
Magnesia. 
Serpentaria. 
Calumba. 
Massa. 
Soda. 
Camphora. 
Mistura. 
Strychnina. 
Capsula. 
Morphi na 
Terebinthina. 
Charta 
Morrhua. 
Theobromina. 
Chartula. 
Myrrha. 
Tinctura. 
Cimicifuga. 
Oliva. 
Tragacantha. 
Cinchona. 
Phytolacca. 
Uncia. 
Ergota. 
Pilocarpina. 
Uva. 
Gaultheria. 
Pilula. 
Valeriana. 
Gentiana. 
Potassa. 
Vomica. DECLENSIONS. 
33 
Second Declension. 
Nouns of this declension end in um, on (neuter), us, ir, 
er, os (masculine). In prescription writing the ending 
will be us or um. 
Singular. 
Plural. 
Nom. Syrupus 
Syrupi. 
Gen. Syrupi 
Syruporum. 
Dat. Syrupo 
Syrupis. 
Acc. Syrupum 
Syrupos. 
Voc. Sy rape 
Syrupi. 
Abi. Syrupo 
Syrupis. 
Singular. 
Plural. 
Nom. 
Acidum 
Acida. 
Gen. 
Acidi 
Acidorum. 
Dat. 
Acido 
Acidis. 
Acc. 
Acidum 
Acida. 
Voc. 
Acidum 
Acida. 
Abi. 
Acido 
Acidis. 
The nominative, accusative, and vocative endings of 
neuter nouns are alike. 
The following nouns are declined like syrupus : 
Aceticus. 
Congius. 
Eucalyptus. 
Humulus. 
Hyoscyamus. 
Octarius. 
Phosphorus. 
Pilocarpus. 
Prunus (fem.). 
Rhamnus. 
Ricinus. 
Rubus. 
Scrupulus. 
Strophanthus. 
Thymus. 
Vitellus. 34 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
The following nouns are declined like acidum: 
Acetanilidum. 
Decoctum. 
Oleatum. 
Acetum. 
Extractum. 
Oleum. 
Aconitum. 
Ferrum. 
Opium. 
Aloinum. 
Foeniculum. 
Origanum. 
Aluminium. 
Folium. 
Oxidum. 
Ammonium. 
Frumentum. 
Pancreatinum. 
Argentum. 
Gelsemium. 
Pepsinum. 
Arsenum. 
Glycerinum. 
Peruvianum. 
Aurantium. 
Glyceritum. 
Petrolatum. 
Barium. 
Glycyrrhizinum. 
Petroleum. 
Bismuthum. 
Gossypium. 
Plumbum. 
Boricum. 
Granum. 
Podophyllum. 
Bromidum. 
Guaiacum. 
Potassium. 
Calcium. 
Hydrargyrum. 
Rheum. 
Capsicum. 
Infusum. 
Saccharum. 
Carbolicum. 
lodidum. 
Santoninum. 
Ceratum. 
lodoformum. 
Scammonium. 
Chloridum. 
Iodum. 
Sevum. 
Chloroformum. 
Lignum. 
Sodium. 
Chrysarobinum. 
Linimentum. 
Tabacum. 
Cinnamomum. 
Linum. 
Tannicum. 
Colchicum. 
Lithium. 
Terebenum. 
Collodium. 
Lycopodium. 
Tiglium. 
Conium. 
Magnesium. 
Unguentum. 
Creosotum. 
Minimum. 
Vinum. 
Cuprum. 
Naphtalinum. 
Veratrum. 
Cyanidum. 
Nitro-glycerinum. 
Zincum. 
Third Declension. 
With a few exceptions, nouns not ending in a, us, or 
um, belong to the third declension and are mostly mascu- 
line and feminine. They must be studied by rote. The 
genitive case ends in is. 
They are declined like liquor. DECLENSIONS. 
35 
Singular. 
Plural. 
Nom. 
Liquor 
...' Liquores. 
Gen. 
Liquoris 
Liquorum. 
Dat. 
Liquori 
Liquoribus. 
Acc. 
Liquorem 
Liquores. 
Voc. 
Liquor 
Liquores. 
Abi. 
Liquore 
Liquoribus. 
The following are declined like liquor: 
Nom. 
Gen, 
Acetas 
Acetatis. 
Adeps 
Adipis. 
Alcohol (neuter) 
Alcoholis. 
Alumen (neuter) 
Aluminis. 
Animal 
Animalis. 
Arsen as 
Arsenatis. 
Arsenis 
Arsenitis. 
Asclepias 
Asclepiadis. 
Bicarbonas 
Bicarbonatis. 
Bisulphas 
Bisulphatis. 
Bitartras 
...... 
Bitartratis. 
Boras 
Boratis. 
Calx 
Calcis. 
Cannabas 
Cannabis. 
Cantharis 
Cantharidis. 
Carbo 
Carbonis. 
Carbonas 
Carbonatis. 
Chloral (neuter) 
Chloralis. 
Citras 
Citratis. 
Colocynthis 
..... Colocynthidis. 
Cortex 
Corticis. 
Digitalis 
Digitalis. 
Elixir 
Elixiris. 
Emulsio 
Emulsionis. 36 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Hamamelis Hamamelidis. 
Hydras Hydrastis. 
Hydrastis Hydrastis. 
Hydrochloras Hydrochloratis. 
Lac (neuter) Lactis. 
Lotio Lotionis. 
Mel (neuter) Mellis. 
Mucilago Mucilaginis. 
Nitras Nitratis. 
Nux Nucis. 
Permanganas Permanganatis. 
Phosphas Phosphatis. 
Piper (neuter) Piperis. 
Pix Picis. 
Pulvis Pulveris. 
Radix Radicis. 
Salicylas Salicylatis. 
Santoninas Santoninatis. 
Sapo Saponis. 
Semen (neuter) Seminis. 
Subacetas Subacetatis. 
Subcarbonas Subcarbonatis. 
Sulphas Sulphatis. 
Sulphur (neuter) Sulphuris. 
Tartras Tartratis. 
Theobroma Theobromatis. 
Valerianas Valerianatis. 
Zingiber (neuter) Zingiberis. DECLENSIONS. 
37 
Fourth Declension. 
Nouns of this declension end in U8 (masculine), and in 
u (neuter). They are declined like spiritus (masculine) or 
quercus (feminine), and have to be learned by repetition. 
Singular. 
Plural. 
Nom. Spiritus 
Spiritus. 
Gen. Spiritus 
Spirituum. 
Dat. Spiritui 
Spiritibus. 
Ace. Spiritum 
Spiritus. 
Voc. Spiritus 
Spiritus. 
Abi. Spiritu 
Spiritibus. 
Fifth Declension. 
Nouns of this declension end in es, and are feminine. 
This declension is not used in medicine. For the endings 
see the following table. 
Endings of the Five Declensions in Latin. 
Singular. 
Deci. 
i 
2 
3 
4 
5 
Nom. 
a 
us, um, es 
es, is, or 
us, u 
es 
Gen. 
80 
i 
is 
us 
ei 
Dat. 
ae 
0 
i 
ui, u 
ei 
Acc. 
am 
um 
em, im, etc. 
um, u 
em 
Voc. 
a 
e, um 
like Nom, 
us, u 
es 
Abt. 
a 
0 
e or i 
u 
e 38 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Plural. 
Deci. 
i 
2 
3 
4 
5 
Nom. 
ae 
i» a 
es, a 
us, ua 
es 
Gen. 
arum 
orum 
um, im 
uum 
erum 
Dat. 
is 
is 
ibus 
ibus, ubus 
ebus 
Ace. 
as 
os, a 
es, a 
us, u, a 
es 
Voc. 
a? 
i, a 
es, a 
us, ua 
es 
Abt. 
is 
is 
ibus 
ibus, ubus 
ebus DECLENSIONS. 
39 
ADJECTIVES. 
Adjectives are declined like nouns and are either of 
the first, second, or third declension. 
The masculine are declined like syrupus, the feminine 
like arnica, and the neuter like acidum. 
Numeral Adjectives. 
Cardinals. 
Ordinals. 
Unus, una, unum 
. One. 
Primus, a, um . 
First. 
Duo 
. Two. 
Secundus 
Second. 
Tres 
. Three. 
Tertius. ... 
. Third. 
Quattuor .... 
Four. 
Quartus 
.Fourth. 
Quinque 
. Five. 
Quintus 
. Fifth. 
Sex 
. Six. 
Sextus 
. Sixth. 
Septem 
. Seven. 
Septimus 
. Seventh. 
Octo 
. Eight. 
Octavus 
. Eighth. 
Novem 
Nine. 
Nonus 
. Ninth. 
Decem 
. Ten. 
Decimus 
. Tenth. 
Viginte 
Twenty. 
Vicesimus 
. Twentieth. 
Quadraginta 
.Forty. 
Quadragesimus.. 
. Fortieth. 
Quinquaginta .... 
Fifty. 
Quinquagesimus. 
. Fiftieth. 
Septuaginta 
. Seventy. 
Septuagesimus.. 
. Seventieth. 
Centum 
. One Hundred. 
Centesimus 
. One Hund'th 
Numeral Adverbs. 
Semel Once. 
Bis Twice. 
Ter Three times. 
Quater Four times. 
Quinquies Five times. 
Sexies Six times. 40 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Septies Seven times. 
Octies Eight times. 
Novies Nine times. 
Decies Ten times. 
Vicies Twenty times. 
Quadragies Forty times. 
Quinquagies Fifty times. 
Centies One hundred times. 
Verbs. 
As very few verbs are used in prescription writing and 
these being mostly imperatives addressed to the pharmacist, 
only a few will here be named. For the conjugation of 
the same any Latin Grammar may be consulted. 
Adde Add. 
Administra Administer. 
Bulliat Let (it) boil. 
Cola Strain. 
Da Give. 
Divide Divide. 
Fiat Let (it) be made. 
Fiant Let (them) be made. 
Macera Macerate. 
Misce Mix. 
Para Prepare. 
Recipe Take. 
Repetatur Let (it) be repeated. 
Signa Mark or label. 
Solve Dissolve. 
Tere Rub. DECLENSIONS. 
41 
Prepositions. 
The following are some of the prepositions with the case 
they govern. 
A, ab or abs, by or from (abl.). 
Ad, to (acc.). 
Ana, of each (Greek) (gen.). 
Ante 
(A.D., ante diem) 
before (acc.). 
Apud, at, near (acc.). 
Circiter, about (acc.). 
Cis and citra, on this side of (acc.). 
Contra, against, contrary (acc.). 
Coram, in the presence of (abl.). 
Cum, with (abl.). 
De, down from, from, concerning (abl.). 
Erga, tozcards (the feelings) (acc.). 
Ex, out o/(abl.). 
Extra, outside of (acc.). 
In, in, into (acc. or abl.). 
Infra, below (acc.). 
Inter, between, among (acc.). 
Intra, inside of, within (acc.). 
Juxta, near, next to (acc.). 
Ob, on account of (acc.). 
Per, through (acc.). 
Post, after (acc.). 
Prae, before, in comparison with (abl.). 
Pro, before, for, on behalf of (abl.). 
Sine, without (abl.). 
Sub, up to, under, beneath (acc. or abl.). 
Super, above, over, (acc. or abl.). 
Supra, above (acc.). 
Tenus, as far as, up to (abl.). 
Trans, across (acc.). CHAPTER IV. 
LATIN TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS USED IN 
PRESCRIPTIONS. 
Word or Phrase. 
Contraction. 
Meaning. 
Ad 
To, or up to. 
Ad secundani vicem . .. 
Ad sec. vic 
For the second time. 
Adde 
Add 
Add. 
Addantur 
Add 
Let (them) be added. 
Ad libitum 
Ad. lib 
At pleasure. 
Admove ... 
Admov 
Apply. 
Albus 
White. 
Alternis horis 
Alt. hor 
Every other hour 
Alvus 
Alv 
The belly. 
Amplus 
Amp 
Large. 
Ampulla 
Ampul 
A large bottle. 
Ana .. 
A or aa 
Of each. 
Aqua 
Aq 
W ater. 
Aqua bulliens. 
Aq. bull 4.... 
Boiling water. 
Aqua communis 
Aq. com 
Common water 
Aqua fervens 
Aq. ferv 
Hot water. 
Aqua fluvialis 
Aq. fluv 
River water. 
Aqua fontana 
Aq. font 
Spring water. 
Aqua pluvialis 
Aq. pluv 
Rain water. 
Bene 
Well. 
Bibe 
Bib ...... 
Drink (thou). 
Bidurem 
Bid 
Two days. 
Bis 
Twice. 
Bis in die 
Twice a day 
Bolus 
Bol 
A large pill. 
42 LATIN TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. 
43 
Word or Phrase. 
Contraction. 
Meaning. 
Bulliat 
Bull 
Let boil 
Capiat 
Cap 
Let him take. 
Capsula 
Capsul 
A capsule. 
Caute 
Cautiously. 
Charta 
Chart 
Paper. 
Chartula 
Chartul 
A small paper. 
Cibus 
Cib 
Food. 
Cito 
Quickly. 
Cochlear or Cochleare. 
Coch 
A spoonful. 
Cochleare amplum .... 
Coch, amp 
A dessertspoonful. 
Cochleare magnum... . 
Coch, mag 
A tablespoonful. 
Cochleare parvum 
Coch, parv 
A teaspoonful. 
Coctio 
Coct 
Boiling. 
Cola 
Col 
Strain. 
Coletur 
Let it be strained. 
Collutorium 
Collut 
A mouth-wash. 
Collyrium 
Collyr 
An eye-wash. 
Compositus, -a, -um... 
Comp 
Compounded. 
Concisus, -a, -um 
Concis 
Cut. 
Congius 
Cong 
A gallon. 
Coque, coquantur 
Coq 
Boil. 
Cortex 
Cort 
The bark. 
Cras, crastinus 
Crast 
To-morrow. 
Cujus 
Cuj 
Of which. 
Cum 
C 
With. 
Cvathus 
Cyath 
A wine-glass. 
Da, detur 
D., det 
Give, let be given. 
Decanta 
Dec 
Pour off. 
Decubitus 
Lying down. 
Dem 
Thereupon. 
Dejectiones alvi 
Stools. 
Dentur tales doses No. 
1 Dt t. d. No iij 
j Let three such doses 
iii 
J 
/ be given. 
Dexter, dextra 
The right. 
Dilue, dilutus 
Dil 
Dilute (thou), diluted 
Dimidius, -a, -um 
Dim 
One-half. 
Dividatur in partes 
( D. in p. aeq 
J Let it be divided into 
aequales 
) equal parts. 44 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Word or Phrase. 
Contraction. 
Meaning. 
Dosis 
1) 
A dose. 
Durante dolore 
While the pains lasts 
Effunde 
Pour out. 
Electuarium 
Elect 
An electuary. 
Emesis 
V omiting. 
Et 
And. 
Exhibeatur 
Exhib 
Let it be exhibited. 
Extende 
Ext 
Spread. 
Extractum 
Extr 
An extract 
Fac 
F 
Make. 
Febre durante 
Feb. dur 
During the fever. 
Febris 
Fever 
Fervens 
Ferv 
Boiling. 
Fiat 
Ft 
Let it be made. 
Fiant 
Ft 
Let them be made. 
Fiat cataplasma 
Ft cataplasm 
Make a poultice. 
Fiat collyrium 
Ft. collyr 
Make an eye-wash. 
Fiat electuarium 
Ft. elect 
Make an electuary. 
Fiat emplastrum vesi- 
catorium 
Ft. emp. vesicat 
Make a blister. 
Fiat enema 
Ft. enema 
Make an injection (for 
rectum). 
Fiat haustus 
Ft. haust 
Make a draught. 
Fiat injectio 
Ft. inject 
Make an injection. 
Fiat massa et divide in 
boli iv 
Ft. mas. div. in bol. 
iv 
Make four balls. 
Fiat pulvis 
Ft. pulv 
Make a powder. 
Fiat pulvis et divide in 
chartulas viij 
Ft. pulv. et div. in 
chart, viij 
Make eight powders. 
Fiat solutio. 
Ft. solut 
Make a solution. 
Fiat unguentum 
Ft. ung 
Make an ointment. 
Filtra 
Filter, thou 
Fluidus 
Fl 
Liquid 
Gargarisma 
Garg 
A 
Gradatim 
Grad 
Gradually. 
Gutta, Guttae 
Gtt. ... 
A drop, drops. LATIN TERMS USED IN PRESCRIPTIONS. 
45 
Word or Phrase. 
Contraction. 
Meaning. 
Haustus 
Haust 
A draught or drench. 
Hebdomas 
Hebdom 
A week. 
Heri. 
Yesterday. 
Hora 
H 
An hour. 
Idem 
Id 
The same. 
In dies 
Ind 
Daily. 
Injectio 
An injection. 
Inter 
Between. 
Intermus 
Int 
Internal. 
Lac 
Lac 
Milk. 
Liquor 
Liq 
A solution. 
Lotio 
Lot 
A lotion. 
Macera .... 
Mac.. 
Macerate. 
Magnus, -a, -um 
Mag 
Large. 
Mane 
In the morning. 
Manus 
Manus 
The hand. 
Misce 
M 
Mix. 
Mitte 
Mit 
Send. 
Modo praescripto 
Mod. praesc 
In the manner pre- 
scribed. 
Non 
Not. 
Non repetatur 
Non repetat 
Let it not be repeated. 
Nox, gen. noctis 
Night 
Numero 
No 
Number. 
Omni bihorio 
Omni bihor 
Every two hours. 
Omni hora 
Omn. hor 
Every hour. 
Partitis vicibus 
Part, vic 
In divided doses. 
Pilula 
Pii 
A pill. 
Poculum 
Pocul 
A cup. 
Potus 
Pot 
Drink. 
Praeparatus 
Praep 
Prepared. 
Primus.. 
Primus. .• 
The first. 
Pro re nata 
P. r n 
Occasionally. 
Pugillus 
Pug 
A pinch. 
Quantum libet 
Q. lib 
As much as desired. 
Quantum sufficiat 
Q. s 
As much as is sufficient. 
Quotidie 
Quotid 
Daily. 
Recens 
Rec 
Fresh. 46 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Word or Phrase. 
Contraction. 
Meaning. 
Repetatur 
Rept 
Let it be repeated. 
Saturatus, -a, -um 
Sat 
Saturated. 
Scatula 
Scat 
A box. 
Semis, gen. seminis ... 
Ss 
A half. 
Sex 
six. 
Signa 
Sig 
Mark thou. 
Simul 
Together. 
Sine 
Without. 
Singulorum 
Sing 
Of each. 
Solve 
Solus 
Somnus 
Solv 
Dissolve. 
Alone. 
Sleep. 
Somnus. 
Statim 
Stat 
Immediately. 
Subinde 
Frequently. 
Sume 
Sum 
Take (thou). 
Supra 
Above. 
Talis 
Tai 
Such a one. 
Ter 
Three times. 
Ter in die 
T. i. d 
Thrice daily. 
Tere 
Ter 
Rub (thou). 
Tinctura 
Tinct 
Tincture. 
Tres 
Three. 
Triduum 
Trid 
Three days. 
Tussis 
Tus 
A cough. 
Ultimo praescriptus.... 
Ult. praesc 
The last ordered. 
Una 
Una ... 
Together. 
Uncia 
An ounce. 
Ut dictum 
Ut. diet 
As directed. 
Utendum 
Utend 
To be used. 
Vas vitreum 
Vas. vit 
A glass vessel. 
A el 
Or. 
Vinum 
Vin .• 
Wine. 
Vires 
Vir 
Strength. 
Vitellus 
Vitel 
Yolk. CHAPTER V 
PRINCIPLES OF COMBINING DRUGS. 
This is very important, and one should remember that 
the simpler the prescription the better in most cases. 
Again, any drug given should be indicated clearly, and 
its action should be known when given alone or when 
combined. 
Certain combinations are often good and insure better 
action, as one drug may assist the other; as in colic, 
choral may be assisted by morphine hypodermically or 
otherwise ; quinine has its action increased by the addition 
of ginger or capsicum ; cathartics are assisted by bella- 
donna, etc. 
The, form in which drugs may be given depends largely 
upon the patient, the indications, as well as other circum- 
stances existing in one's practice. 
When given in liquid form the fluid extracts should be 
used in the majority of cases, and the mixture given, say, in 
half or ounce doses, which can be very readily administered 
with a syringe. The old way of drenching is gradually 
coming into disuse for obvious reasons. 
To insure the proper dose being introduced into the 
stomach the medicine is best given in the solid or semi- 
solid form, as balls, capsules, or pills. In ordinary prac- 
tice, however, the veterinarian cannot depend, in all cases, 
upon these being given as directed, so that this mode of 
administration has its drawbacks. 
47 48 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Taking everything into consideration I prefer the fluid 
extracts, which can be given in concentrated form ; the 
strength of these preparations is uniform, and by the use 
of a hard-rubber syringe they can easily be thrown back 
into the mouth. 
For the smaller animals, pills are readily given in meat, 
etc., but it should be remembered that dogs vomit readily, 
which often accounts for the non-action of medicines so 
given. 
Mixtures for the smaller animals should be prepared 
if possible so that the dose will be a drachm or possibly 
half an ounce. 
In many cases mixtures for the smaller animals are best 
prepared containing syrups, etc., to disguise the dis- 
agreeable drugs, and thus aid in their administration by 
having the taste such that the animal will more readily 
allow the same to be placed into its mouth. 
Incompatibility. 
Prescriptions are said to be incompatible when they 
contain substances which act upon each other and form 
new compounds (chemical), or when there is a physical 
disassociation (pharmaceutical), or when drugs are present 
having opposite action on the same part of the body 
(therapeutical). 
From the above definition it is obvious that incom- 
patibility may be either chemical, pharmaceutical, or thera- 
peutical. 
The subject of incompatibility is one of the most im- 
portant subjects that confronts practitioners. To under- 
stand and to know what substances can be used in a pre- 
scription without danger of some unforeseen chemical, 
physical, or physiological alteration, requires no end of PRINCIPLES OF COMBINING DRUGS. 
49 
study. The lack of knowledge in this direction compels 
practitioners in many instances to continue to use about 
the same combinations for fear of prescribing drugs which 
should not be combined. In this way the old routine 
method of giving certain combinations for certain diseases 
no doubt originated. In these days, with the rapid ad- 
vancement of veterinary medicine, with the great facilities 
for study in the colleges, with the amount of literature at 
hand, together with the practical experience of compound- 
ing prescriptions, these routine combinations are, or ought 
to be, a thing of the past. 
The Following Short Rules Will be Found an Aid 
to Preventing Incompatibility. 
1. Never use a combination unless the result of such is 
understood. 
2. Use only one remedy provided it be sufficient. 
3. Strong mineral acids should be used alone unless the 
reaction is known when in combination with other sub- 
stances. 
4. Free acids should not be prescribed with glucosides (as 
glycyrrhizin, tannin, santonin, digitalin, jalapin, salicin), 
for decomposition results. 
5. Two or more soluble salts should not be combined, as 
a rule. 
6. Allcalies neutralize free acids, precipitating alkaloids 
and soluble non-alkaline metallic salts. 
7. Iodine and soluble iodides should not be combined 
with alkaloids or with metallic salts. 
8. Iodide of potassium decomposes most metallic salts. 
9. As a rule, do not combine a drug with its antidote or 
any of the drugs used as a test for it. 
10. Mercuric chloride (corrosive sublimate) is incom- 
patible with almost everything. 50 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Mercurous chloride (calomel) is chemically incom- 
patible with potassium chlorate, chloral, chlorides, hydro- 
chloric acid, solution of lime. 
Potassium permanganate is incompatible and so apt to 
produce explosions that it is best used alone in water or in 
pill form with oleum theobroma. 
11. Silver nitrate and the acetate and sub-acetate of 
lead are incompatible with almost everything. Opium 
may be here combined, making an astringent and anodyne 
lotion. 
12. Tannic Acid and Gallic Acid, or substances contain- 
ing them, precipitate alkaloids, albumen, and most metallic 
salts. 
13. Dilute hydrocyanic acid produces poisonous com- 
pounds when combined with bismuth, calomel, metallic 
hydrates, carbonates. 
14. Use the simplest excipient, solvent, or vehicle. 
15. Resinous tinctures, fluid extracts, or oleoresins 
when combined with water should contain acacia or other 
substance to form an emulsion, to prevent the precipita- 
tion of the resin. 
16. Mucilages are precipitated by the addition of al- 
cohol. 
17. Oxidizing agents when combined with oxidizable 
or combustible substances produce explosive compounds. 
Among the oxidizing agents are potassium chlorate and 
permanganate, nitric, chromic, and nitro-hydrochloric 
acids. The opponents or combustible substances are 
glycerine, oils, alcohols, ether, sulphur, phosphorus, dry 
organic substances, sugars. 
18. Do not use two drugs in combination whose effects 
are directly opposed, except possibly under certain con- 
ditions. 
19. Do not use too many ingredients in a prescription. 
20. Mixtures, ointments, liniments, balls, etc., are apt PRINCIPLES OF COMBINING DRUGS. 
51 
to undergo change if made up too long and hence incom- 
patibility results. 
Chemical Incompatibility.-This is very important, 
as very dangerous combustible and explosive compounds 
may be formed which may produce serious bodily harm or 
even death. 
In some cases, however, chemical incompatibility is de- 
sired and may do no harm. A common example of this is 
the ordinary so-called " white lotion/' containing lead 
acetate, zinc sulphate, and water. In this case there is a 
precipitate of lead sulphate, which is really an important 
agent. The inexperienced would imagine that the com- 
bination was a mistake and might filter, in which case the 
ingredient required would be left out. The above com- 
bination should be dispensed with a " shake" label. 
Pharmaceutical Incompatibility.-When the ingredi- 
ents of a prescription undergo certain physical changes 
(not chemical) the combination is pharmaceutically in- 
compatible. 
The question of solvents and solubility has much to do 
with this form of incompatibility, and it is a lack of 
knowledge of these that tends to produce such combina- 
tions. (See Table of Solubility elsewhere.) Also Rule 15. 
Therapeutical Incompatibility.-By this is under- 
stood the combination of substances whose physiological 
or therapeutical actions or indications are directly opposed 
upon that portion of the economy where the action is de- 
sired. 
Drugs may have opposite actions on one portion of the 
system and the same actions on other portions, and hence 
the object of the combination must be known before it can 
be called incompatibility. 
In a general way, it may be well to remember not to 
combine drugs which stimulate certain nerve centres with 
those that depress these centres. 52 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
The following are some of the more common examples. 
The antagonists : 
Of strychnine are chloral hydrate, chloroform, potas- 
sium bromide, etc. 
Of opium are atropine, strychnine, coffee, caffeine, etc. 
Of digitalis are aconite, opium, etc. 
Of belladonna are opium, aconite, quinine, etc. 
Of chloral hydrate are atropine, morphine, etc. 
Of bromides are digitalis, ergot, belladonna, morphine, 
etc. 
Of aconite are atropine, morphine, ammonia, digitalis. 
Of lobelia are strychnine, alcohol, digitalis, belladonna, 
etc. 
Of barium are amyl nitrite, nitroglycerine. 
Of carbolic acid is atropine. 
Of cinchona are morphine, belladonna. 
Of ammonia are aconite, digitalis, veratrum. 
Dangerous and Erroneous Combinations. 
The following combinations are merely given as object- 
lessons which may possibly prevent the combining of 
drugs that are incompatible. 
No attempt has been made to have the names of the 
drugs technically accurate. 
B . Potass, chloratis 
Acidi tannici .. 
Should not be triturated together nor mixed 
together. 
B. Potass, permanganatis 3 iss. 
Glycerini f viij. 
Will cause an explosion. 
B. Acidi nitrici 
Acidi muriatici 
Tinct. nucis vomic® 
After a few hours an explosion may occur. 
B- Iodi 
Linimenti camphor® 
Linimenti saponis .. 
Nitro^n is formed from the am- 
raonia and may «Pl«de. PRINCIPLES OF COMBINING DRUGS. 
53 
Morph, sulph. 3 ss. 
Potass, bicarb. 3 ij. 
Aquae 3 viij. 
The morphine becomes precipitated by the 
alkaline carbonate and if not thoroughly 
ghak j doge wiU contain 
of the morphine. 
IJ- Potass, iodidi 3 iij• 
Tinct. ferri perchloridi. § iss. 
Aquae q.s, ad. § viij. 
Free iodine is formed. 
IJ. Tinct. ferri chloridi. |j. 
Tinct. gentianae comp. § viij. 
Forms a black, inky compound 
due to the tannin. 
IJ. Potassii chloratis.... 
Calcii hypophosphitis 
Aquae 
Do not rub the salts together as explosion 
will result. Dissolve separately in 
water. 
IJ. Olei terebinthinae 
Acidi sulphurici. 
Mixed carefully in an open vessel as the re- 
action is violent. 
IJ. Argenti oxidi 
Morphinae hydrochloratis 
Extracti gentianae 
The pills will burst after a time on 
account of decomposition of the 
silver by the extract. 
IJ. Acidi chromici. 3 ij. 
Glycerini.... | ij. 
Explosion is the result. 
IJ. Ferri perchloridi. 3 i. 
Potassii bromidi. 3 iss. 
Aquae § vi. 
If the iron contains excess of acid bro- 
mine is liberated* and so not safe. 
5. Morphinae acetatis 
Potassii iodidi.... 
Ferri sulphatis.. 
Aquae 
Metallic salts (as copper, iron) added to 
potass, iodidi causes precipitation of the 
iodide of the metal and liberation of free 
iodine and thus dangerous. 
IJ. Acidi nitro-hydrochorici 
Tincturae cinchonae compositae 
wm lode f ghort t- 
' 
IJ. Acidi carbolici 3 j. 
Aquae |j. 
Should be prescribed 1 in 20 as otherwise 
ac^ remains at the bottom and may 
produce irritation (or add glycerine), 
3. Potassii bromidi .... § ij. 
Strychninae sulph. gr. xvj. 
Aquae q.s. ad Oj. 
This forms a clear solution, but in 
a very short time the strychnine 
is precipitated and if the bottle is 
not shaken, the last dose contains 
nearly all the strychnine. 54 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
B. Zinci sulphatis 3 iij. 
Cocainae hydrochloratis. 3 j. 
Aquae Oj. 
Cocaine is precipitated by the zinc. 
B. Chloralis hydratis $ j- 
Camphorae 3 ij. 
These substances cannot be used together 
as a powder as they liquefy after 
standing a short time. 
3. Ferri sulph 3 ij. 
Tinct. cinch comp. | vj. 
Tannin with iron forms inky com- 
pounds. 
3. Quininae bisulphatis 3 vj. 
Potassii bromidi ... | j. 
Aquae Oj. 
Quinine is precipitated by the potas- 
sium bromide. 
Iodine is set free. Bromine is set free 
if potassium bromide is used. This 
may be dispensed by adding ammon. 
carb, or sod. bicarb., making sweet 
spirits of nitre alkaline. 
B. Spt. aetheris nitrosi | vj. 
Potass, iodidi 3 iij • 
Alkalinity of Fowler's solution 
causes precipitation of strychnine 
and hence dangerous. The addi- 
tion of few drops of dilute nitric 
acid would remove the difficulty. 
B- Strycb. nitratis... gr. xij. 
Liq. potass, arsen. § viij. 
B- Bismuthi subnit. 3 ij. 
Sod. bicarb 3 j. 
Carbonic acid gas is formed causing pills 
to swell and disintegrate. CHAPTER VI. 
SOLUTION. 
Solution is when a solid or gaseous substance is liquefied 
or caused to disappear by contact with a liquid. The 
liquid used is called a solvent and the resulting combina- 
tion a solution. A substance which is not acted upon by 
the liquid or solvent is termed insoluble. 
Solutions are either simple or chemical. 
Simple Solution is where the liquid causes no change 
in the substance dissolved and where if evaporated the 
substance is regained. 
Chemical Solution is where the substance used is 
changed in its properties ; there is a change in color, odor, 
or taste, etc. 
Solution is aided and hastened in many instances by 
pulverization, crushing, agitation, heat, etc. 
Solvents.- Water is the most common and useful sol- 
vent known. It should be remembered that most organic 
substances in water are apt to decompose after a time. 
It is a good solvent for soluble salts, alkaloidal salts, 
sugar, gums, acids, albumen, gelatin, and extractives. 
Alcohol is not a good solvent for these substances. 
Alcohol is an excellent solvent and is next to water in 
importance. It has at least one advantage over water and 
that is the preparations made with it keep for a much 
longer period or in fact indefinitely. 
Alcohol dissolves resins, volatile oils, alkaloids, gluco- 
55 56 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
sides, salts, camphors, balsams, etc., while albumen, starch 
gum, etc., are insoluble. These negative qualities should 
not be forgotten. 
Glycerin is an exceedingly useful and important solvent, 
although its range is not so extensive as water or alcohol. 
It dissolves fixed alkalies, several alkaline and neutral 
salts, vegetable acids, pepsin, tannin, gum, starch, albu- 
men, etc. 
Ether, benzin and chloroform somewhat resemble one 
another and are important solvents in certain cases. Oils, 
fats, resins, etc., are dissolved. 
Acids have lately come prominently into use as substi- 
tutes for alcohol. Acetic acid in particular, which is now 
used in making fluid extracts. Acetic acid is an antiseptic 
and it is not so costly as alcohol. 
Bisulphide of carbon and oils are also used as solvents. SOLUTION. 
57 
Table of Solubilities of Some of the Important 
Drugs in Veterinary Medicine. 
In Water. 
In Alcohol. 
Acetanilidum 
2 
Insoluble. 
Acidum boricum 
25 
15 
Acidum carbolicum. 
15 
Readily. 
Acidum hydrochloricum .... 
Freely miscible. 
Freely miscible. 
Acidum laeticum 
Freely miscible. 
Freely miscible. 
Acidum nitrohydrochloricum. 
Freely miscible. 
Freely miscible. 
Acidum phosphoricum 
Freely miscible. 
Freely miscible. 
Acidum salicylicum 
450 
2.4 
Acidum sulphuricum 
Freely miscible. 
Freely miscible. 
Acidum tannicum 
1 
0.6 
Acidum tartaricum 
0.8 
2.5 
2Ether 
10 vol. 
Freely miscible. 
Aloinum 
60 
30 
Alumen 
9 
Insoluble. 
Ammonii bromidum 
1.5 
30 
Ammonii carbonas 
5 
Partly soluble. 
Ammonii chloridum 
3 
Almost insoluble. 
Antimonii et potassii tartras. 
17 
Insoluble. 
Apomorphinae hydrochloras.. 
45 
45 
Argenti nitras 
0.6 
26 
Atropina 
130 
3 
Atropinaa sulphas 
0.4 
6.2 • 
Barii chloridum 
2 5 
Very sparingly. 
Bismuthi subcarbonas 
Insoluble. 
Insoluble. 
Bismuthi subnitras 
Insoluble. 
Insoluble. 
Calcii chloridum 
1.5 
8 
Calcii phosphas praecipitatus. 
Almost insoluble. 
Insoluble. 
Calcii sulphas exsiccatus.... 
410 
Insoluble. 
Cambogia 
Very sparingly. 
Only partially. 
Camphora 
Very sparingly. 
Readily. 
Choral 
Readily. 
Readily. 
- 58 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
In Water. 
In Alcohol. 
Chloroformum 
Sparingly. 
Readily. 
Cinchonina 
3760 
116 
Cinchononinae sulphas 
66 
10 
Cocainae hydrochloras 
.48 
3.5 
Codeina 
80 
3 
Creolin 
Makes a milky mixt- 
ure 
Freely miscible. 
Creosotum 
150 
Freely. 
Cupri sulphas 
2.6 
Almost insoluble. 
Eucalyptol 
Sparingly. 
Freely. 
Ferri arsenas 
Insoluble. 
Insoluble. 
Ferri chloridum 
Readily. 
Readily, 
Ferri et ammonii tartras 
Readily. 
Insoluble. 
Ferri et potassii tartras 
Readily. 
Insoluble. 
Ferri sulphas 
1.8 
Insoluble. 
Glycerinum 
Readily. 
Readily. 
Hydrargyri chloridum cor- 
rosivum .. 
16 
3 
Hydrargyri chloridum mite,. 
Insoluble. 
Insoluble. 
Hydrargyri iodum rubrum .. 
Almost insoluble. 
130 
Hydrargyri oxidum flavum .. 
Almost insoluble. 
Insoluble. 
Hyoscyaminae sulphas 
0.5 
2.5 
Ichthyol 
Readily. 
Partially. 
lodoformum 
Very sparingly. 
52 (5.2 ether). 
Iodum 
5000 
10 
Lysol. . 
Freely miscible. 
Freely miscible. 
Magnesii sulphas 
1.5 
Almost insoluble. 
Menthol .. 
Sparingly. 
Readily. 
Morphine 
4350 
300 
Morphinae sulphas 
21 
702 
Naphthol 
1000 
.75 SOLUTION. 
59 
In Water. 
In Alcohol. 
Pepsinum 
100 
Pepsinum saccharatum 
Insoluble. 
Phenacetin 
Sparingly 
16 
Physostigminae salicylas .... 
150 
12 
Pilocarpinae hydrochloras.... 
Readily. 
Readily. 
Plumbi acetas 
2.3 
21 
Potassi bicarbonas 
3.2 
Potassii bromidum 
1 6 
200 ' 
Potassii chloras 
16.7 
Potassii iodidum 
18 
Potassii nitras 
3.8 
Sparingly. 
Potassi permanganas 
16 
Decomposed. 
Pyoktanin 
75 
Readily. 
Quininae bisulphas 
10 
32 
Quininae sulphas 
740 
65 
Salol.. 
Sparingly. 
10 
Santoninum 
Sparingly. 
40 
Sodii bicarbonas 
11.3 
Insoluble. 
Sodii boras 
16 
Insoluble. 
Sodii bromidum 
1 2 
13 
Sodii hyposulphis 
.65 
Insoluble. 
Sodii phosphas 
5.8 
Insoluble. 
Sodii salicylas 
9 
6 
Sodii sulphas 
2 8 
Insoluble. 
Strychninae sulphas 
50 
109 
Sulphur praecipitatum 
Insoluble. 
Insoluble. 
Thymol 
• 1200 
Very sparingly. 
Zinci acetas 
2.7 
36 
Zinci chloridum 
0.3 
Readily. 
Zinci oxidum 
Insoluble. 
Insoluble. 
Zinci sulphas 
0.6 
Insoluble. CHAPTER VII. 
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 
Weight measures the attraction of the earth upon a body, 
or it is the amount of force necessary to neutralize the at- 
traction of the earth upon a body. 
There are three kinds of weight: 1. apparent weight 
(weight in air); 2. absolute weight (weight in vacuo), and 
3. specific weight (the relative weight of a body in com- 
parison with the same volume of some other medium). 
Volume may be defined, to be space which a certain 
amount of matter occupies. 
In the United States, Troy or apothecaries' weights 
and wine or apothecaries' measure are used, although the 
metric system is rapidly coming into vogue. 
Troy or Apothecaries' Weights. 
Pound. 
Ounce. 
Drachm. 
Scruple. 
Grain. 
ft> 1 
= 12 
= 96 = 
288 = 
5760 
51 
= 8 = 
24 = 
480 
31 = 
3 = 
60 
31 = 
gr. 20 
60 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 
61 
Apothecaries' Measure. 
Gallon. Pint. 
Fluid ounce. 
Fluid drachm. 
Minim. 
Cong. 1 = 8 
= 128 
= 1024 = 
61440 
01 
16 
= 128 = 
7680 
f 11 
= 8 = 
480 
f 3 1 = 
Til 60 
Teaspoonful 
= f3j. 
Wineglassful = 
Hij- 
Dessertspoonful 
= f 3 ij- 
Teacupful = 
f f iv. 
Tablespoonful 
= f 3 iv. 
Tumblerful = 
f 5 viij. 
Number of Drops in a Fluid Drachm of Differ- 
ent Liquids. 
Acid, aceticum 108 
Acid, aceticum dilut 68 
Acid, carbolicum Ill 
Acid, hydrochlor, dilut 60 
Acid, laeticum Ill 
Acid, nitrohydrochlor 76 
Acid, sulphuric, dilut 60 
JEther 178 
Alcohol 146 
Alcohol dilutum 137 
Aqua 60 
Balsam, peru 101 
Chloroform, purificat 250 
Creasotum 122 
Ext. belladon. fl 156 
Ext. cimicifugae fl 147 
Ext. colchici rad. fl 160 
Ext. digitalis fl 134 62 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Ext. ergot® fl 133 
Ext. gelsemii fl •• 149 
Ext. hyoscyami, fl 160 
Ext. verat, virid. fl 150 
Ext. zingiberis fl 142 
Glycerinum 67 
Liq. ammon. acet 75 
Liq. ferri chloridi 71 
Liq. plumbi subacet 74 
Liq. potass, arsen 57 
Liq. sod® chlor 63 
Oleum amygd. expres 108 
Oleum gaultheri® 125 
Oleum menth® piperit® 129 
Oleum ricini 77 
Oleum terebinthin® 136 
Oleum tiglii 104 
Spt. ®ther. nitrosi 146 
Spt. ammon. arom 142 
Spt. camphor® 143 
Syr. acaci® 44 
Syr. scill® 75 
Tinct. aconiti 146 
Tinct. belladon 137 
Tinct. benzoini comp 148 
Tinct. cantharidis 131 
Tinct. digitalis 128 
Tinct. ferri chloridi 150 
Tinct. iodi 148 
Tinct. nuc. vomic® 140 
Tinct. opii 130 
Tinct. opii camph 130 
Tinct. verat, virid 145 
Tinct. zingiberis 144 
Vin. opii... 100 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 
63 
Metric System. 
The unit of this system is the unit of length, the meter, 
which is the forty-millionth part of the circumference of 
the earth around its poles. 
From this is derived the unit of capacity, the liter, 
which is the cube of one-tenth part of a meter (2.1134 
pints). 
From the Liter is derived the unit of weight, the 
gramme, which is the one-thousandth part of the weight 
of a liter of distilled water at its maximum density (about 
15| grains). 
Metric Table of Lengths. 
10 Millimeters make 1 Centimeter. 
10 Centimeters make 1 Decimeter. 
10 Decimeters make 1 Meter. 
10 Meters make 1 Dekameter. 
10 Dekaineters make 1 Hectometer. 
10 Hectometers make 1 Kilometer. 
10 Kilometers make 1 Myriameter. 
Metric Table of Capacities. 
10 Milliliters make 1 Centiliter. 
10 Centiliters make 1 Deciliter. 
10 Deciliters make 1 Liter. 
10 Liters make 1 Dekaliter. 
10 Dekaliters make 1 Hectoliter. 
10 Hectoliters make 1 Kiloliter. 
10 Kiloliters make 1 Myrialiter. 64 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Metric Table of Weight. 
10 Milligrammes make 1 Centigramme. 
10 Centigrammes make 1 Decigramme. 
10 Decigrammes make 1 Gramme. 
10 Grammes make 1 Dekagramme. 
10 Dekagrammes make 1 Hectogramme. 
10 Hectogrammes make 1 Kilogramme. 
10 Kilogrammes make 1 Myriagramme. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 
65 
Method of Converting Metric Weights, etc., into 
those More Commonly Used and Vice Versa. 
1 Grain = 0.065 Gramme (65 milligrammes). 
15| (16) Grains = 1. Gramme. 
1 Troy drachm = 3.9 (4) Grammes. 
1 Troy ounce =31.1 (32) Grammes. 
1 Minim = 0.06 Cubic centimeter. 
16 Minims = 1. Cubic centimeter. 
1 Fluiddrachm = 3.7 Cubic centimeters. 
1 Fluidounce = 30. Cubic centimeters. 
1 inch = 0.25 m. (25 millimeters). 
39.37 inches = 1. m. 
To Convert Grains into Corresponding Metric Equiv- 
alents. 
If one grain equals .065 gramme. 
2 Grains = 2 x .065 = .130 gramme. 
60 Grains = 60x.065 = 3.9 grammes. 
| Grain - |x.065 = .0325 gramme. 
To Convert Metric Quantities into their Equivalent 
Grains. 
Divide by .065 gramme. 
Gm. .130 = 0.130 4- by .065 = 2 grains. 
Gm. 3.9 = 3.09 4- by .065 = 60 grains. 
Gm. .0325 = 0.0325 4- by .065 = .5 or | grain. 
Gm. .00065 = 0.00065 4- by .065 = .01 grain. 
To Convert Apothecaries' Drachms into Grammes. 
Multiply the number of drachms by 3.9 (4) grammes (the 
number of grammes in one drachm). 66 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Grammes into ounces and ounces into grammes use 
31.1 (32) grammes to multiply or divide as the case may be. 
Minims into cubic centimeters multiply by (.06 c.c.). 
Fluiddrachms into cubic centimeters multiply by 
(3.75 c.c.). 
Fluidounces into cubic centimeters multiply by (30 
C.C.). 
Inches into millimetres multiply by (.025 m.). 
Inches into metres divide by (39.37 inches). 
From the following, ordinary calculations can readily be 
made : 
1 Meter = 39.37 inches. 
1 Decimeter = 3.93 inches. 
1 Centimeter = 0.39 inch, or about f of an inch. 
1 Millimeter = 0.039 inch, or about of an inch. 
1 Gramme = 15.432 grains, (about 16 grains). 
1 Decigramme = 1.5432 grains. 
1 Centigramme = 0.15432 grain, or about | of a grain. 
1 Milligramme = 0.01543 grain, or about of a grain. 
1 Kilogramme = 15432 grains, or about 2.2 av. lbs. 
1 Cubic centimeter = 16 minims (I fluid drachm). 
4 Cubic centimeters = 1 fluid drachm. 
16 Cubic centimeters = 4 fluid drachms. 
32 Cubic centimeters = 1 fluid ounce. 
500 Cubic centimeters = 16.9 fluid ounces. 
1000 Cubic centimeters = 33.8 fluid ounces. 
In Every Day Prescription-Writing to Convert Apoth- 
ecaries' into Metric Weights and Measures. 
1. Reduce each quantity to grains: Divide the number 
by 10 (or move decimal point one place to the left) : 
Then from the quotient subtract one-third. The re- 
sult will be nearly the same quantity in grammes. WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 
67 
2. Reduce to drachms ; multiply by four (fl). 
Result = grammes. 
3. Reduce to ounces. 
Multiply by 32, or roughly by 30. 
Result = grammes. 
4. Reduce to minims. 
Divide by 10. 
From quotient subtract one-third. 
Result = cubic centimeters. 
5. Reduce to fluid drachms. 
Multiply by 4- 
Result = cubic centimeters. 
6. Reduce to fluid ounces. 
Multiply by 32, or roughly by 30. 
Result = cubic centimeters. 
From a practical standpoint the following approximate 
equivalents are of the utmost value : 
1 Troy ounce = 8 drachms. 
1 apothecaries' drachm = 4 grammes. 
1 gramme = 16 grains. 
1 grain = gramme. 
1 fluid ounce = 8 fluid drachms. 
1 fluid drachm = 4 cubic centimeters. 
1 cubic centimeter = 16 minims. 
1 minim = cubic centimeter. 68 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
EQUIVALENT OF APOTHECARIES' IN METRIC 
WEIGHTS. 
Grain 
Gramme 
Grains 
Gramme 
= 
.000065 
2 
= 
.1296 
= 
.000129 
3 
= 
.1944 
- 
.000258 
4 
= 
.2592 
= 
.000324 
5 
= 
.3240 
tH 
= 
.00043 
6 
= 
.3888 
tH 
= 
.00054 
7 
= 
.4536 
tH 
= 
.00064 
8 
- 
.5184 
A 
= 
.00086 
9 
- 
.5832 
A 
- 
.00108 
10 
= 
.6480 
A 
- 
.00129 
11 
- 
.7128 
A 
- 
.00162 
12 
= 
.7776 
A 
= 
.00216 
13 
= 
.8424 
?K 
= 
.00259 
14 
- 
.9072 
A 
= 
.00324 
15 
- 
.9720 
T2 
- 
.00540 
20 
= 
1.2960 
A 
= 
.00648 
25 
= 
1.6200 
i 
- 
.0081 
30 
= 
1.9440 
1 
6 
= 
.0108 
35 
= 
2.2680 
i 
= 
.0129 
40 
- 
2.5920 
1 
= 
.0162 
45 
- 
2.9160 
i 
= 
.0216 
50 
= 
3.2400 
i 
= 
.0324 
55 
= 
3.5640 
1 
= 
.0648 
59 
- 
3.8232 
Drachm 
Gramme 
Drachm 
Gram me 
1 
= 
3.88 
4 
- 
15.552 
H 
= 
5.832 
4| 
= 
17.496 
2 
- 
7.776 
5 
- 
19.440 
4 
= 
9.720 
6 
23.328 
3 
= 
11.664 
7 
= 
27.216 
3| 
- 
13.608 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 
69 
Ounce 
Grammes 
Ounce 
Grammes 
1 
31.103 
10 
- 
311.035 
2^ 
- 
46.656 
11 
342.138 
2 
= 
62.207 
12 
- 
373.242 
2i 
- 
76.760 
14 
435.449 
3 
- 
93.310 
16 
- 
497.656 
4 
= 
124.414 
20 
XX 
622.070 
5 
155.517 
24 
XX 
746.484 
6 
186.621 
32 
XX 
995.312 
7 
= 
217.724 
48 
XX 
1492.968 
8 
= 
248.828 
64 
XX 
1990.624 
9 
= 
279.930 
100 
XX 
3110.350 
Equivalents of Apothecaries' in Metric Measures. 
Minims 
1 
Cubic centimeters 
Minims 
12 
Cubic centimeters 
= 
0.061 
= 
0.739 
2 
= 
0.123 
13 
= 
0.801 
3 
= 
0.185 
14 
= 
0.862 
4 
- 
0.246 
15 
= 
0.924 
5 
- 
0.308 
16 
- 
1.00 
6 
= 
0.370 
17 
1.06 
7 
- 
0.431 
18 
- 
1.12 
8 
- 
0.493 
20 
1.23 
9 
= 
0.554 
30 
= 
1.84 
10 
= 
0.616 
40 
- 
2.46 
11 
zzz 
0.678 
50 
3.08 
Fluid- 
Cubic 
Fluid- 
Cubic 
drachms 
centimeters 
drachms 
centimeters 
1 
= 3.7 
5 = 
18.50 
2 
= 7.39 
6 = 
22.50 
3 
= 11.09 
7 
26.00 
4 
= 15.00 70 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Fluid- 
Cubic 
' Fluid- 
Cubic 
ounces 
centimeters 
ounces 
centimeters 
1 
- 
29.57 
10 
295.73 
2 
59.14 
12 
- 
355.00 
3 
- 
89.00 
16 
- 
473.17 
4 
- 
118.29 
20 
- 
591.50 
5 
= 
148.00 
24 
- 
710.00 
6 
= 
177.42 
32 
- 
946.35 
7 
= 
207.00 
- 
1000.00 
8 
= 
236.59 । 
128 
- 
3785.43 
9 
- 
266.16 1 
Equivalents of Inches in Metric Length. 
Inches 
Millimeters 
Inches 
Millimeters 
A 
= 1.00 
5 
= 127.0 
i 
= 12.70 
6 
= 152.4 
i 
= 19.05 
8 
= 203.2 
1 
= 25.4 
10 
= 254.0 
2 
= 50.8 
12 
= 304.8 
4 
= 102.0 
Equivalents of Centimeters in Inches. 
Centimeters 
Inches 
Centimeters 
Inches 
1.27 = 
I 
17.78 = 
7 
2.54 = 
1 
22.86 = 
9 
7.62 = 
3 
25.4 = 
10 
15.24 = 
6 
30.48 = 
12 WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 
71 
Equivalents of Solutions of Various Strengths. 
For ordinary use, dissolve the amount of the drug used 
in sufficient water to make one pint. 
For 1 in 10,000 (r^ #) use 0.73 grain. 
For 1 in 5,000 ( $) use 1.46 grains. 
For 1 in 3,000 ( %) use 2.43 grains. 
For 1 in 2,000 ( %) use 3.6456 grains. 
For 1 in 1,500 ( %) use 4.86 grains. 
For 1 in 1,000 ( %) use 7.29 grains. 
For 1 in 500 ( | %) use 14.5824 grains. 
For 1 in 400 ( | %) use 18.228 grains. 
For 1 in 200 ( | #) use 36.45 grains. 
For 1 in 100 ( 1 use 72.91 grains. 
For 1 in 50 ( 2 %) use 145.82 grains. 
For 1 in 33 ( 3 use 218.73 grains. 
For 1 in 30 ( 3| %) use 243.04 grains. 
For 1 in 25 ( 4 use 291.64 grains. 
For 1 in 20 ( 5 use 364.56 grains. 
For x in 10 ( 10 %) use 729.12 grains. 
For 1 in 5 ( 20 use 1458.24 grains. 
For 1 in 2 ( 50 use 3645.60 grains. CHAPTER VIII. 
OFFICINAL PREPARATIONS. 
They are classified as liquids and solids, and are made 
with or without percolation or maceration. 
Liquid Preparations. 
Spiritus {spirits). These are alcoholic solutions of 
gases, volatile liquids or volatile solids made from the pure 
drug by distillation or direct solution. 
They are good solvents for the resins, oleoresins, and do 
not cause precipitation of the fluid extracts and tinctures. 
Elixiriae {elixirs). These are alcoholic liquids contain- 
ing some aromatic principle and sugar. They are used to 
disguise the taste of disagreeable remedies in prescribing 
for the smaller animals. Aromatic elixir is a good vehicle 
for the fluid extracts to be administered in, as they do not 
precipitate as they do when water is the vehicle. 
Collodiae {collodions). A collodion is a solution of 
pyroxylin (gun-cotton) in ether and alcohol and is in- 
tended for external use. When applied to the skin the 
ether and alcohol evaporate and leave a thin film, which 
excludes the air, protects the part and brings the medi- 
cating agent in contact with the skin. 
Aqil«e {waters). A water is an aqueous solution of vola- 
tile substances. This class of preparations is known as 
72 OFFICINAL PREPARATIONS. 
73 
medicated, aromatic, or distilled waters. They are used as 
vehicles and solvents for many remedies. 
Liquores (solutions). A solution is a liquid preparation 
made by dissolving one or more non-volatile substances in 
water. A saturated solution is one containing all of a 
substance that can be dissolved. (See Solution.) 
The solubility of various drugs should be known or at 
least an idea of the same should be had by the veterinarian. 
(See Table of Solubiltieis.) 
In making or prescribing solations, when two or more 
substances are to be used, incompatibility should be borne 
in mind. 
Glyceritae (glycerites). These are preparations made by 
mixing medicinal substances with glycerine. 
Synipi (syrups). A syrup is a strong solution of sugar 
in water. They are of service in canine practice to make 
pleasant vehicles, or in some cases for their medicinal ef- 
fect. 
Mellitae (honeys). These are sweet liquid preparations 
having honey as a base and are used in making ball masses, 
etc. 
Mucilagines (mucilages). These are solutions of gums 
in water. In aqueous liquid preparations they are used 
to suspend some insoluble substance, and in solid prep- 
arations as excipients for forming masses for balls, pills, 
etc. 
The officinal gums are acacia, which is in the form of 
irregular roundish or angular broken particles, soluble in 
water, and tragacanth, which is in thin band form, form- 
ing a gelatinous mass in water. 
Misturae (mixtures). These are liquid preparations in 
which one or more insoluble medicinal substances are sus- 
pended in water by means of a suitable vehicle. Particles 
of the undissolved substances precipitate on standing, so 
that the mixture should be shaken before administering.  each minim repre- 
sents one grain of the crude drug. 
These preparations are very important as they can be 
given in small quantities with a syringe (which I find very 
convenient) and again the strength of the fluid extracts 
is very uniform and can be relied on. 
They usually precipitate on the addition of water, so 
that other vehicles have to be used ; as aromatic spirits, 
aromatic fluid extract, aromatic elixir or syrup in some 
cases. 
Fluid extracts are now made with acetic acid, which ap- 
parently does not affect the action of the drug but reduces 
the price about one-half. officinal preparations. 
75 
Vin® {wines). These are liquid preparations, naving 
white wine as a menstruum. 
Acet® (vinegars). These are liquid preparations, hav- 
ing dilute acetic acid as a menstruum. They should not 
be given with the alkaline carbonates or alkalies. 
Oleoresin® (oleoresins). These are officinal liquid 
preparations extracted from vegetable substances by ether 
and usually contain an oil and a resin. They were for- 
merly classified with the fluid extracts, but they differ in 
not being uniform in the strength of the drug. 
Ole® (oils). Oils are oily principles obtained by distilla- 
tion (volatile oils, essential oils) or by expression (fixed 
oils). 
Volatile Oils are found in plants and may be divided 
into four classes, consisting of carbon and hydrogen. 
1. Terpenes (the type of turpentine). 2. Oxygenated 
oils (like the oil of cinnamon) being hydrocarbons contain- 
ing oxygen. 3. Sulphurated oils (like the oil of mus- 
tard) containing sulphur. 4. Nitrogenated oils (like the 
oil of bitter almond) containing hydrocyanic acid; ex- 
cept in this instance nitrogen is not found in volatile 
oils. 
Fixed Oils. These are obtained both from the animal 
and vegetable kingdom, are greasy to the feel, leave a 
permanent oil stain on paper, are insoluble in water but 
dissolve in ether, chloroform, benzine, turpentine, and vol- 
atile oils, they are usually obtained by expression and form 
soap with caustic alkalies. 
Fixed oils usually consist of two or three proximate 
principles-olein (liquid), palmitin (solid) or stearin 
(solid), and the consistency of the fixed oils and fats varies 
according to the proportion of the proximate principles. 
Emulsa or Emulsions (Emulsions). These are liquid 
preparations in which oils or resins are suspended in water 
by means of a mucilaginous or albuminous substance. 76 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Lotiones (Lotions). These are liquid preparations to 
be used externally without friction and are usually made 
with remedial agents in water 
Solid Preparations. 
Abstractae (abstracts). An abstract is a dry, powdered 
extract, being about twice the strength of the fluid ex- 
tract. These preparations are of a definite and uniform 
strength and ought to be very useful. Abstracts are no 
longer officinal. 
Extractae (extracts). These are solid or semi-solid prep- 
arations made by evaporating the fresh juice or an al- 
coholic or watery solution of the drug. These prepara- 
tions are used in pills, but it should be remembered that 
they are not of uniform strength. 
Resinae (Resins). Resins are solid preparations ob- 
tained from vegetable bodies by precipitating them from 
their alcoholic solution with water. 
Balsams are resins or oleoresins containing benzoic or 
cinnamic acid. 
Confectiones (confections) confections or electuaries 
are medicines beaten up with sugar (syrup) or honey or 
both, making a pasty mass. 
Ceratae (cerates). A cerate is an ointment containing 
sufficient wax to prevent melting at the temperature of 
the body. They are apt to become rancid if kept long. 
Chartae (papers). A paper is a sheet of paper that has 
been treated with medicinal substances. 
Triturationes (triturates). A trituration is a mi- 
nutely powered active remedy rubbed up with sugar of 
milk. 
Emplastrae (plasters). A plaster is made by spreading 
substances on muslin, etc., to be used externally but only 
melt sufficiently to adhere to the body. OFFICINAL PREPARATIONS. 
77 
Massae (masses). Masses are semi-solid preparations 
having the proper consistency to make balls or pills. 
Pilulae (pills). Pills are small round, oval, or some- 
what flattened solid bodies containing medicinal agents 
with some excipient, to be administered in one dose. 
They are a very convenient way of administering drugs 
to the smaller animals, being easily given hidden in meat, 
candy, etc. 
Boli (balls). These are large pills usually somewhat of 
an elongated cylindrical shape and are wrapped in tissue- 
paper, to be given in one dose. 
Excep tents are either solid or liquid. The most impor- 
tant are water, syrup, mucilage, acacia, glycerine, glucose, 
honey, tragacanth, soap, cacao butter, petrolatum, resin 
cerate. 
Capsuite (capsules). These are oblong cylindrical 
shells, consisting of two pieces, one part, called the cap, 
fits other parts containing the drugs to be used. 
Liquid or solid medicines may be given in capsules. 
Pulveres (powders). These are a combination of sub- 
stances in minute subdivision. 
Hydroscopic substances, volatile substances, caustic sub- 
stances, etc., and those with a disagreeable taste are not 
suited to be used in the shape of powders. 
Unguentte (ointments). An ointment is a mixture of 
medicinal substances with a fatty matter, being of such a 
consistency that it melts at the temperature of the body, 
the basis may be lard, benzoinated lard, lanolin, cold 
cream, petrolatum, etc. 
Suppositoria (suppositories). These are solid bodies, 
usually conical in shape, having cacao butter as their base, 
and are intended for introduction into natural cavities 
(nose, rectum, etc.,) for either a local or a general effect. CHAPTER IX. 
POSOLOGY. 
The doses given in the following table are only approxi- 
mate in many instances, as the quantity is apt to vary in 
individual animals and according to the requirements of 
the case. 
The so-called functional or symptom medicines which 
are given for such symptoms as pain-including neurotics, 
eliminatives, and astringents-have to be given gradually, 
increasing the dose until the physiological effects are pro- 
duced to insure the proper action of the drug. Their ac- 
tion is usually secured by one dose (which is apt to vary in 
individual animals). 
The organic or disease medicines are given for the 
disease itself, and their use for some time is generally re- 
quired in order to produce the desired effect. They in- 
clude restoratives and alteratives. 
The dose varies with the kind of animal, age, sex, 
weight, temperament, climate, disease, idiosyncrasies of 
the animal, together with the method of administration, 
whether alone or in combination, as well as the frequency 
with which it is given. 
There are no set rules by which the dose of one species 
of animals can be calculated by that of another species. 
In a general way we may say that the large dog, for in- 
stance, may receive about the same dose as man, or that 
computing from the dose of the horse substitute grains for 
the drachms and half-fluid drachms for the ounce. The 
78 POSOLOGY. 
79 
maximum dose for the horse equals the minimum dose for 
the cow. 
The weight of the animal has to be considered in select- 
ing the quantity. The larger and more lymphatic horses 
require larger quantities than do the smaller horses. So it 
is with the other species of animals. 
Disease in many cases causes an alteration in the dose 
of certain drugs and usually calls for an increased 
amount. 
The length of time between the doses should not be for- 
gotten in regulating the quantity. Some drugs are given 
in one large dose and not repeated within a half or an hour 
unless specially indicated. Other drugs are given every 
two, three, or four hours, according to the case. The 
quantity of the drug would not be so large when repeated 
often as when given and not repeated for some time. 
The mode of administration will vary the quantity. 
Drugs may given by the mouth, upper air passages (steam), 
rectum, vagina, skin, or under the skin, and the veins. 
The stomach, through the mouth, is the most frequent 
way of administering drugs. 
Combining drugs having about the same action in com- 
mon also alters the quantity of each, which should be a 
lessened quantity of each ; and as a rule a better action is 
insured by combining in this way. 
Hypodermically. The hypodermic method of adminis- 
tering drugs should by no means be overlooked, as by this 
means not only immediate but decided results are obtained, 
besides being a nice and convenient way in many instances, 
especially where quick action is required or where the ali- 
mentary tract is in such condition that absorption is inter- 
fered with. 
The doses are in many instances about half or two-thirds 
the size given by the mouth, although alkaloids are seldom 
given " per os." 80 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
There are several rules to be remembered. 
1. Have syringe air-tight. 
2. The needle aseptic and the point sharp. 
3. Solutions freshly made and clear. 
4. Expel all air from the syringe before injecting. 
5. Hold a fold of skin between thumb and finger and in- 
sert the needle quickly. 
6. The side of the neck is a very convenient location. 
7. Avoid joints, bony prominences, blood-vessels, etc., 
unless specially desired. 
8. Needle might be drawn through a flame before each 
injection. 
The following table includes some of the most impor- 
tant drugs that may be and are used hypodermically : 
Horse. 
Dog. ■ 
Cow. 
Aconitine 
Apomorphia hydrochloras 
gr- Ao-i 
gr. tAk 
gr. Ar-Ad 
gr. 
Atropine sulphate 
gr. 1-1 
gr 
gr. i-4 
Caffein 
3 i-ij. 
gr j -nj. 
3 j.-iiss 
Chloral hydrate 
3 iv.- 3]• 
gr ij.-xv 
1 j.-iss. 
Cocaine muriate 
gr. 1-iij. 
gr- iW 
gr. 1-5 
Colchicine 
gr. i~i 
gr. jHr 
gr. W 
Digitalin 
gr- W 
gr. rta 
gr. W 
Ergotin 
gr. 2-4 
gr. -Ai-i 
gr. 4-8 
Eserine salicylate 
gr- 1-H 
gr tAw 
gr. 1-2 
Hydrargyri bichloride 
gr- j-iij. 
gr /«4 
gr. j-iv. 
Hyoscyamine sulphate 
gr- W 
gr rlnr 
gr. M 
Morphine sulphate 
gr. 1-6 
gr W 
gr. 3-10 
Nitroglycerine 
gr 1-2. 
gr Ad~Ad 
grs. j. 
Pilocarpine muriate 
gr j-iij. 
gr- Ad~i 
gr. 1-5 
Spiritus vini galhci 
3 1-2 
3 ij.-iv. 
1 j-iij 
Strychnine sulphate 
gr- ±-1 
gr rod-Ay 
gr. 4-1. POSOLOGY. 
81 
Name. 
Animal. 
Average Dose for Adult. 
Action. 
Apothecaries' 
W eight. 
Metric System. 
Acetanilidum ) 
(Acetanilid) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ij-iv. 
gr. ij.-x. 
3 iv.-vj 
8.00-16.00 
0 13-0.65 
16 00-24.00 
/ Antipyretic, analgesia and an- 
tiseptic. 
Acidum arseniosum 
(Arsenious acid) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
gr ij.-viij. 
gr- i*i4 
gr. v.-xv. 
0 13-0.52 
0.006-0.008 
0.32-1.00 
Tonic, alterative, caustic. 
Acidum boricum ) 
(Boric or boracic acid) 
Horse 
Bog 
Cow 
3 j-ij. 
gr. v.-x. 
4.00-8.00 
0.32-0.65 
8.00-24.00 
Antiseptic. 
Acidum carbolicum 
(Carbolic acid-phenol) 
Horse 
Bog 
Cow 
TT^ x.-xxx. 
mj. 
1T|. x.-lx. 
0.65-2.00 
0.065 
0.65-3.65 
( Antiseptic, disinfectant, anti- 
f pyretic, analgesic. 
Acidum gallicum 
(Gallic acid) 
Horse 
Bog 
Cow 
gr. xv.-xl. 
gr- j-v. 
gr. xx.-xl. 
1 00-2.65 
0.065-0.32 
1.32-2.65 
> Vegetable astringent. 
Acidum hydrochloricum dilutum.. . J 
(Diluted muriatic acid) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ij -iv. 
Hl ij.-x. 
3 ij-iv. 
2 00-8.00 
0.13-0.65 
8.00-16.00 
Astringent, tonic, antiseptic. 
Posological Table. 82 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Average 
Dose for Adult. 
Name. 
Acidum hydrocyanicum dilutum... ) 
(Prussic acid) 1 
Acidum laeticum ) 
(Lactic acid). .. 
Acidum nitricum dilutum 
(Diluted nitric acid) 
Acidum nitro-muriaticum dilutum. ) 
(Diluted nitro-muriatic acid). ... ^ 
Acidum phosphoricum dilutum ... ) 
(Diluted phosphoric acid) 
Acidum salicylicum j 
(Salicylic acid) 1 
Acidum sulphuricum dilutum 
(Diluted sulphuric acid) j 
Animal. 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
Apothecaries' 
Weight. 
Tn, xv.-xl 
Hl ij.-iv. 
TT^ xx.-xl. 
3 iv.-vj. 
gr viij.-xv. 
3 vj.-t j. 
3 j -ij. 
Hi ij.-x. 
3 j-iij- 
3 j -iij- 
3 j -iij- 
Hi v.-xxx. 
3 j -iij. 
3 iv.-vj. 
gr. v.-xv. 
3 vj.-viij 
3 ij.-iv. 
Hl ij.-vj. 
3 ij -iv. 
Metric System. 
1.00-2.65 
0.13-0 26 
1.32-2.65 
16.00 24.00 
0.52-1.00 
24.00-32.00 
4.00-8.00 
0.13-0.65 
4.00-12.00 
4.00-12.00 
4.00-12.00 
0.32-2.00 
4.00-12.00 
16.00-24.00 
0.32-1.00 
24.00-32.00 
8.00-16.00 
0.13-0.38 
8 00-16.00 
Action. 
Depresso-motor. 
/ Caustic; restorative when di- 
i luted. 
j Astringent, tonic, hepatic stim- 
( ulant. 
Nerve tonic and alterative. 
/ Antiseptic, antipyretic, anti- 
rheumatic. 
^Astringent, antiseptic, tonic. POSOLOGY. 
83 
Acidum tannicum j 
(Tannic acid) 1 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ss.-ij. 
gr. ij.-xx. 
3 j.-iij. 
2.00-8.00 
0.13-1 30 
4.00-12.00 
Astringent, styptic. 
Acidum tartaricum ) 
(Tartaric acid) j 
See Ant. et 
potass, tart. 
Aconitum ) 
(Aconite) ) 
Adeps ) 
(Lard) ( 
Adeps lanae hydrosus ) 
(Lanolin) J 
2Ether j 
(Ether) 1 
2Ethyl chloridum ) 
(Ethyl chloride) ) 
Alcohol | 
(Alcohol) J 
Aloe barbadensis J 
(Barbadoes aloes) 1 
See Ext. aco 
nit. fl. tinct. aconit. 
( Antipyretic, diaphoretic, car- 
diac depressant. 
Vehicle for ointments. 
Vehicle for ointments. 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ss.-j. 
§ ij.-iij. 
32.00-64 00 
2.00-4.00 
64.00-96.00 
) Anaesthetic, antispasmodic, 
anodyne, stimulant. 
j Local anaesthetic in a spray. 
/ Stimulant, sedative, diapho- 
| retie, diuretic, tonic. 
Purgath e, bitter tonic. 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
§ j-iij. 
3 jss -iv. 
3 vj.-x 
gr. v.-x. 
3 vj.-xvj. 
32.00-96.00 
2.00-16.00 
64.00-160.00 
24.00-40.00 
0.32-0.65 
24.00-64.00 84 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Name. 
Animal. 
Average 
Apothecaries' 
Weight. 
Dose for Adult. 
Metric System. 
Action. 
Alumen 
(Alum) ........ ) 
Ammonium bromidum ) 
(Ammonium bromide) ) 
Ammonium carbonas 
(Ammonium carbonate) 
Ammonium chloride 
(Ammonium chloride) ) 
Ammonium iodidum 
(Ammonium iodide) 
Anthemis j 
(Chamomile) 1 
Antimonii et potassi tartras 
(Tartar emetic) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j-iij- 
gr. v.-xx. 
3 ij.-iv. 
See Potass. 
: j -iv. 
gr iij.-viij. 
3 iij.-vj. 
3 j -viij. 
gr ij.-viij. 
3 iij.-vj. 
3 ss - 3 ij. 
gr. ij.-x. 
3 j.-iij- 
§ j -ij- 
§ j -ij. 
3 ss -iij. 
gr. i-ij 
3 j-iv. 
4.00-12.00 
0.32-1.30 
8.00-16.00 
bromide. 
4.00-16.00 
0.18 0.53 
12.00-24.00 
4 00 32.00 
0.13-0.53 
12.00-24.00 
2.00-8.00 
0 13-0.65 
4.00-12.00 
32 00-64.00 
32.00 64.00 
2.00-12.00 
0.016-0.13 
4.00-16.00 
Astringent, styptic. 
Cardiac stimulant, antacid. 
/ Cardiac expectant, stimulant, 
diaphoretic, diuretic. 
Gland stimulant. 
Stomachic tonic. 
/ Sedative expectorant, vermi- 
fuge, emetic, diaphoretic. POSOLOGY. 
85 
Antipyrinum 
(Antipyrine) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ss.-j. 
gr. ij.-viij. 
3 j.-iij. 
2.00-4.00 
0,13-0.53 
4.00-12.00 
Antipyretic, analgesic. 
Apomorphinae hydrochloras 
(Apomorphine hydrochlorate) . 
Dog 
gr. I 
0.0129 
Emetic hypodermically, gr. 
Aquae ammonia; 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ss.-iss. 
2.00-6.00 
( Cardiac stimulant, vesicant, 
f antacid. 
(Ammonia water) 
3 ij.-iij. 
8.00-12.00 
Argentum nitras 
(Silver nitrate) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
gr. iv.-x. 
gr. W 
gr. v.-xv. 
0.2G-0.65 
0.008-0.032 
0.32-1.00 
| Tonic, astringent, cauterant. 
Arnicae flores 
See Tincture. 
(Arnicae flowers) 
Asafoetida 
(Asafetida) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 iij -iv. 
gr. x -xv. 
12.00-16.00 
0.65-1.00 
32.00-64.00 
(Antispasmodic, stomachic, 
f vermifuge. 
Asclepias 
(Pleurisy-root) 
• j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 iv.-vj. 
3 ss.-ij. 
3 vi. -1 j. 
16.00-24.00 
2.00-8 00 
24 00-32.00 
/ Carminative, diaphoretic, ex- 
pectorant. 
Atropina 
(Atropine) 
• j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
gr ss.-j. 
gr. 
gr. ss.-ij. 
0.032-0 064 
0 0013-0.00202 
0 032-0.129 
/ Anodyne, mydriatic, delirifa- 
cient. 
Balsamum Peruvianum 
(Balsam of Peru) 
• ) 
• f 
Dog 
1T( x.-xxx. 
0.65-2.00 
Externally in ointments. 86 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Name. 
Animal. 
Average Dose for Adult. 
Action. 
Apothecaries' 
Weight. 
Metric System. 
Balsamum tolutanum 
(Balsam of tolu) 
Dog 
TT( x.-xxx. 
0.65-2.00 
( Expectorant, stomachic, ex- 
' ternally in skin diseases, ex- 
/ pectorant. 
Barium chloridum 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j.-ij- 
4 00-8.00 
Purgative. 
(Barium chloride) 
3 ij -iij. 
8.00-12.00 
Belladonnas folia 
(Belladonna leaves) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
5 ss.-ij. 
gr. x.-xxx. 
! j -iij- 
16.00-64.00 
0 65-2.00 
32.00-96.00 
j Delirifacient anodyne, stimu- 
lant to sympathetic system, 
) mydriatic. 
Belladonnas radix 
(Belladonna root) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
See Ext. bell 
ad. fl tinct bellad. 
( Antispasmodic, anodyne, my- 
( driatic. 
Bismuthi subcarbonas 
(Bismuth subcarbonate) ,... 
... i 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 8S,- 3 ij. 
gr. v. -xv. 
3 ij. 
2.00-8.00 
0.32-1.00 
8.00 
Internal antiseptic, astringent. 
Bismuthi subnitras 
(Bismuth subnitrate) 
-J 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j - 3 ij- 
gr. v.-xv. 
3ij. 
4.00-8 00 
0.32-1.00 
8 00 
Internal antiseptic, astringent. 
Calcium bromidum. 
(Calcium bromide) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ij.-iv. 
gr x -xx. 
3 iv.-vj. 
8.00-16.00 
0.65-1.32 
16.00-24.00 
Depressant. POSOLOGY. 
87 
Qalcium chloridum j 
(Calcium chloride) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
gr. xx.-xxx. 
gr. j-v. 
3 88.-j. 
1.32-2.00 
0.065-0.32 
2.00-4.00 
Disinfectant, antiferment. 
Calcium hypophosphis J 
(Calcium hypophosphite) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j-iij- 
gr. ij.-v. 
3 j.-v. 
4.00-12.00 
0.13-0.32 
4.00 20.00 
Alterative. 
Calcium phosphas j 
(Phosphate of lime) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j-iij. 
gr. v.-x. 
3 j.-iv. 
4.00-12.00 
0.32-0.65 
4.00-16.00 
/ Tonic to nervous system and 
f bone nutrient. 
Calx chlorata } 
(Chlorinated lime) 1 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j-ij- 
gr- j -iij. 
3 j -ij- 
4.00-8.00 
0.065-0.18 
4 00-8.00 
Disinfectant, deodorant. 
Calumba 
(Calumbo) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
§ ss.-j. 
gr. v.-xx. 
5 ss.-ij. 
16.00-32 00 
0.32-1.32 
15.00-60.00 
Stomachic, tonic. 
Cambogia .... 
(Gamboge) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
5 ss.-j. 
gr. xv.-xxx. 
5 ss -j. 
16.00-32 00 
1.00-2.00 
16 00-32.00 
/ Irritant, drastic hydragogue 
j' cathartic. 
Camphora j 
(Camphor) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j-ij 
gr v.-x. 
3 j -ij- 
4.00-8.00 
0 32-0.65 
4.00-8.00 
[Stimulant, anodyne, antisep- 
f tic, antispasmodic. 
Cannabis Indica ) 
See Ext. fl. 
Anodyne, antispasmodic. 
(Indian hemp). f 88 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Name. 
Animal. 
Average Dose for Adult. 
Action. 
Apothecaries' 
Weight. 
Metric System. 
Cantharis 
(Spanish flies) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
gr. iij.-vj. 
gr. i-ij. 
gr. v.-xx. 
0.18-0.36 
0.016-0.12 » 
0.32-1.32 
1 Aphrodisiac, diuretic, vesi- 
( cant. 
Capsicum 
(Cayenne pepper) 
( 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
gr x -xx. 
gr . j-ij. 
gr xx.-xl. 
0.65-1.32 
0.06-0.12 
1.32-2 65 
1 Stomachic, stimulant to bile, 
carminative. 
Carbo animalis .. 
(Animal charcoal) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
ad lib. 
Absorbent, used in drying 
j powders. 
Carbo ligni 
(Wood charcoal) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
5 88.-j. 
gr. xv.-xl. 
5 j-ij- 
16 00-32.00 
1 00-2 65 
32.00-64.00 
/ Disenfectant, internal antisep- 
f tic, deodorizer. 
Catechu 
(Catechu) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j -iij 
gr v.-xv. 
3 ij -vj. 
4.00-12.00 
0 32-1.00 
8.00-24.00 
Astringent. 
Cera alba 
(White wax) 
1 
£ 
Used in making ointments. 
Ceva flava 
(Yellow wax) 
Used in making ointments. POSOLOGY. 
89 
Ceratum resini 
(Basilicon ointment) 
.... ) 
.... ( 
Externally. 
Chenopodium 
(American wormseed) 
...J 
See 01. chen 
opodium. 
Choral 
(Chloral hydrate) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
5 ss.-ij. 
gr. x -xx. 
3 88 -U- 
16.00-64 00 
0.62-1.35 
16.00-64.00 
/ Analgesic anodyne, antisep- 
( tic, hypnotic. 
Chloroformum 
(Chloroform) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
! j -ij- 
IR iij.-vj. 
32.00-64.00 
0.18-0.36 
32.00 96.00 
/ Anaesthetic, anodyne stimu- 
lant, antispasmodic. 
Cimicifuga 
(Black snake-root) 
See Fluid ex 
tract. 
) Heart stimulant, antirheuma- 
J tic. 
Cinchona 
(Cinchonine) 
j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ij.-v. 
gr. xv. -lx. 
f ss.-ij. 
8.00-20.00 
1.00-4.00 
16.00-64.00 
1 Stomachic, antiperiodic, anti- 
pyretic. 
Coca 
(Coca) 
.... 1 
....) 
Stimulant (any amount). 
Cocaine hydrochloras. 
(Cocaine hydrochlorate) .... 
4% to 15^ so 
lution. 
Local anaesthetic. 
Colchici radix 
(Colchicum-root) 
See Tincture 
( Diuretic, diaphoretic, emetic, 
•< cathartic and cholagogue 
( antirheumatic. 90 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Name. 
Animal. 
Average Dose for Adult. | 
Action. 
Apothecaries' 
Weight. 
Metric System. 
Colchici semen j 
(Colchicum-seed) 1 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ss.-j. 
gr. ij.-v. 
3 j.-ij. 
2.00-4.00 
0.13-0.32 
4.00-8.00 
Antirheumatic. 
Collodium ) 
Locally to cover wounds. 
(Collodion) J 
Conium j 
(Hemlock) of the tincture J 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
1 ss.-ij. 
3 ss.-ij. 
i L-iij- 
16.00-64 00 
2 00-8.00 
32.00-96.00 
Antispasmodic sedative. 
Creolinum ) 
(Creolin) j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ij -viij. 
gr. xv.-xx. 
J j.-iss. 
8.00-32.00 
1 00-1.32 
32.00-48.00 
Disinfectant, antiseptic, para- 
siticide and vermifuge. 
Creosotum ... 1 
(Creosote) j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
TT( x.-xxx. 
j-iij. 
Tit xxx.-lx. 
0.65-2.00 
0.065-0.18 
2.00-4.00 
Internal and external antisep- 
tic. 
Cupri sulphas ) 
(Copper sulphate) 1 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ss.-j. 
gr i~ij 
3 j.-ij- 
2.00-4.00 
0 0162-0.12 
2 00-4.00 
Emetic (larger doses) astring- 
ent, vermifuge. 
Cusso ) 
(Kousso) of the infusion f 
Dog 
3 ss.-iv. 
2.00-16.00 
Anthelmintic. POSOLOGY. 
91 
Digitalis ) 
(Foxglove) . . 1 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
gr. x.-xxx. 
gr. j -iij- 
gr. xxx.-lx. 
0.65-2.00 
0.065-0.18 
2.00-4.00 
Cardiac stimulant, diuretic. 
Elaterinum ) 
(Elaterinum) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
gr. i.-ij- 
gr- /o-Ar 
gr. ij.-iij. 
0.03-0.12 
0.003-0 006 
0.13-0.18 
Drastic cathartic 
Ergota (Has varied potency) t 
See fluid extract. < 
(Ergot of rye) ( 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
? ss.-j. 
3 ss.- 3 j. 
Ij.iij. 
16.00-32.00 
2.00-4.00 
32.00-96.00 
Ecbolic. 
Eucalyptus oleum J 
(Eucalyptus) 1 
Euphorbium. 
(Euphorbium.) 
Extractum aconiti fluidum J 
(Fluid extract aconite) 1 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ss.-ij. 
Tit v.-x. 
3j.-iv. 
1R iij.-x. 
Illi 
TIL x. -xx. 
2.00-8.00 
0 32-0.65 
4.00-16.00 
0.18-0.65 
0.0129 
0.65-1.32 
( Antiseptic, stimulant; (exter- 
f nally) counter-irritant. 
/ Cardiac sedative, diaphoretic, 
diuretic, antipyretic. 
Ext. belladonnae radicis fluidum... 
(Fluid extract belladonna-root).. 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ss.-ij. 
ni i-iv. 
3 ij.-iij- 
4.00-8.00 
0.032-0.25 
8.00-12.00 
) Antispasmodic, anodyne, stim- 
ulant sympathetic system, 
) dessicant, mydriatic. 
Ext. cannabis indicae fluidum 
(Fl. ext. of cannabis indica) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ij.-iv. 
XH 
3 iij.-vhj. 
8.00-16.00 
0.032 0.065 
12.00-32.00 
Anodyne, antispasmodic. 
Extractum capsici fluidum ) 
(Fl. ext. of capsicum) 1 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j.-iv. 
1T( xx -lx. 
3 ij--vj. 
4.00-16.00 
1.32-4.00 
8.00-24.00 
( Stomachic, stimulant carmina- 
( tive. 92 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Average 
Dose for Adult. 
Name. 
Animal. 
Apothecaries' 
Weight. 
Metric System. 
Action. 
Ext. cimicifugae fluidum J 
(Fl. ext. of cimicifuga) j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ij -iv. 
v.-xxx 
3 iv.-viij. 
8.00-16.00 
0.32-2.00 
16.00-32.00 
) Antirheumatic, antispasmodic, 
( cardiac stimulant. 
Ext. cinchonas fluidum 1 
(Fl. ext. of cinchona) i 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
5 88.-j. 
IT xx.-lx. 
3 j-jss. 
16.00-32.00 
1.32-4.00 
32.00-48.00 
) Antipyretic, internal antisep- 
tic, stomachic. 
Extractum colchici seminis fluidum 
(Fl. ext of colchicum-seed)....') 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ss.-j 
F( j.-iv. 
3 j.-ij. 
2.00-4.00 
0.065-0.25 
4.00-8.00 
Diuretic, antirheumatic. 
Extractum digitalis fluidum j 
(Fl. ext. digitalis) J 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
F( x.-xl. 
j -iij- 
3 j -ij. 
0.65-2.65 
0 065-0.18 
4.00-8 00 
Cardiac stimulant, diuretic. 
Extractum ergotae fluidum ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
§ ss.-iss. 
Tfl XXX. 
5 j-ij- 
16.00-48.00 
Ecbolic. 
(Fl. ext. of ergot) ) 
32.00-64.00 
Extractum gelsemii fluidum i 
(Fl. ext. of gelsemium) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ss.-ij. 
gr. v.-x. 
3 j.-iij. 
2.00-8 00 
0.32-0 60 
4.00-12.00 
) Antispasmodic, anodyne, di- 
aphoretic. 
Extractum gentianae fluidum 
(Fl ext. of gentian) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
? 88.-j 
7T[ v.-xx. 
16.00 32 00 
0.32-1 32 
Stomachic. 
5 j-'j- 
32.00-64.00 POSOLOGY. 
93 
Ext. hyoscyami fluidum J 
(Fl. ext. of hyoscyamus) j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
Ft xxx. -lx. 
Ftij.-v. 
Ft xxx. - 3 ij. 
2.00-4.00 
0.13-0.32 
2.00-8.00 
/ Antispasmodic hypnotic, an- 
algesic. 
Ext. nucis vomicae fluidum 
(Fl. ext. of nux vomica) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
Ft xx.-lx. 
71(88. -ij. 
Ft xxx -lx. 
1.32-4.00 
0.03 0.12 
2.00-4.00 
Nerve stimulant, stomachic. 
Ext. phytolaccae radias fluidum. ... ) 
(Fl. ext. of phytoUcca root) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ij.-iv. 
Ft v.-x. 
3 vj.-5 j. 
8.00-16.00 
0.32-0.65 
24.00-32.00 
y Purgative externally. 
Ext. podophylli fluidum ) 
(Fl. ext. of podophyllum) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j.-ij- 
F[ v.-xx. 
3iv.-l j. 
4.00-8.00 
0.32-1.32 
16.00-32.00 
( Purgative for dogs, mostly 
1 cholagogue. 
Ext. quassiae fluidum. . J 
(Fl. ext. of quassia) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
5 SS.-j. 
3 ss.-ij. 
§ j-ij- 
16.00-32.00 
2 00-8.00 
32.00-64.00 
Anthelmintic, bitter tonic. 
Extractum rhei fluidum ) 
(Fl. ext. of rhubarb) j 
Dog 
Ft xv.-xxx. 
1.00-4.00 
Purgative, tonic astringent. 
Extractum sabinae fluidum.. ) 
(Fl. ext. of savine) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
3 j.-ij. 
FJij.-xv. 
4.00-8.00 
0.19-1.00 
J- Anthelmintic. 
Extractum zingiberis fluidum 
(Fl. ext. of ginger) j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
§ ss.-ij. 
n x -xx. 
3 j.-ij. 
16.00-64.00 
0.65-1.32 
4 00-8.00 
y Stomachic carminative. 
Ferri arsenas ) 
Horse 
gr j.-iss. 
0.065-0.09 
(Iron arsenate) 1 
Dog 
Cow 
gr- A 
gr. iss. 
0.006 
0.09 
y Alterative, tonic. 94 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Name. 
Animal. 
Average Dose for Adult. 
Action. 
Apothecaries' 
Weight. 
Metric System. 
Ferri chloridum ) 
(Ferric chloride) f 
See Tincture 
Ferri carbonas saccharatus ) 
(Saccharated ferrous carbonate). ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ij.-iv. 
gr. iij.-x. 
3 ij.-iv. 
8.00-16.00 
0.19-0.65 gm. 
8.00-16.00 
Tonic, astringent. 
Ferri oxidum hydratum ) 
(Ferric hydrate) j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
5 j -iv. 
3 ij -iv. 
§ ij -x. 
32 00-128.00 
8.00-16.00 
64.00 320.00 
Antidote for arsenic. 
Ferri phosphas . j 
(Phosphate of iron) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 88 -ij. 
gr. iij.-x. 
3 j -iij- 
2.00-8.00 
0.18-0.65 
4.00-12.00 
/ Tonic to the bones and the 
I blood. 
Ferri sulphas ) 
(Sulphate of iron) 1 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j -ij 
gr. v.-x. 
3ij.-iij. 
4.00-8.00 
0.32-0.65 
8.00-12.00 
Tonic, vermifuge. 
Ferri dialysatum j 
(Dialyzed iron) ( 
Horse 
Dog 
§ ss.-ij. 
3 ss.-ij. 
16,00-64.00 
2.00-8.00 
Tonic. 
Felix mas j 
(Male fern) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
§ij-viij. 
3 ss.-ij. 
3 iv.-viij. 
64.00-256.00 
16.00-32.00 
128.00-256.00 
Anthelmintic. POSOLOGY. 
95 
Galla j 
(Nutgall) tincture 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
1 iss.-ij. 
1 j-ij- 
I ij -iv. 
48.00-64.00 
4.00-8.00 
64 00-128.00 
Astringent. 
Gentiana J 
(Gentian-root) J 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
5 ss -j. 
gr. v.-xx. 
§ j-ij- 
16.00-32.00 
0.32-1.32 
32.00-64.00 
Bitter tonic. 
Glycerinum 
(Glycerine) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
§ij--vj. 
IT; XX.-lx. 
iv.-viij. 
64.00-19.200 
1.32-4.00 
128.00-256.00 
/ Demulcent, evacuent, excip- 
ient. 
Glycyrrhiza 
(Licorice-root) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
1 ss -j. 
gr. xv.-lx. 
5 j -ij- 
16.00-32.00 
1.00-4.00 
32.00-64 00 
Used in electuaries in powder. 
Hamainelis ext ) 
(Witch-hazel) f 
Dog 
3 ss.-ij. 
2.00-8.00 
( Astringent hasmastatic, exter- 
( nally. 
Hydrargyri chloridum corrosivum . 
(Bichloride of mercury) . ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
gr. ij.-viij. 
gr- -Ao-At 
gr. iv.-x. . 
0.13-0.533 
0.00324-0.00648 
0.26-0.65 
1 
- Corrosive, disinfectant. 
Hydrargyri chloridum mite J 
(Calomel) ) 
Hydrargyri iodidi rubrum ( 
(Red iodide of mercury) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j.-ij- 
gr. j.-iv. 
gr. x.-lx 
4.00-8.00 
0.065-0.26 
0.65-4.00 
( Cathartic, vermifuge, febri» 
t fuge. 
Absorbing bitters. 
Hydrastis J 
(Golden seal) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ss.-ij. 
gr. iij.-x. 
3 j-iij- 
2.00-8.00 
0 19-0.65 
4.00-12.00 
| Vesicant, ecbolic. 96 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Name. 
Animal. 
Average Dose for Adult. 
Action. 
Apothecaries' 
Weight. 
Metric System. 
Hyoscyamus ) 
(Henbane) ) 
See Ext. fl. 
Antispasmodic, anodyne. 
Infusion of ergot 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
§ ij.-viij. 
5 88 .-j. 
I iv.-x. 
64.00-256.00 
16.00-32.00 
128.00-320 00 
Ecbolic 
lodoformum j 
(Iodoform) i 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
gr. xv.-xxx. 
gr. j.-iij. 
gr. xv.-xlv. 
1.00-2.00 
0.065-0.19 
1.00-3.00 
Antiseptic, used mostly as a 
dusting powder. 
Iodum j 
(Iodine) of the crystal 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
gr. xx.-xxx. 
gr. j-ij. 
3 88 -j. 
1.32-2 00 
0 065-0.13 
2.00-4.00 
Internally in diabetes. Anti- 
septic, alterative, stimulant. 
Externally absorbent, 
counter-irritant. 
Ipecacuanha J 
(Ipecac) 1 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j.-iv. 
gr. x.-xxx. 
3 ij.-iv. 
4.00-16 00 
0.65-2.00 
8.00-16.00 
Expectorant, emetic. 
Jalapa / 
(Jalap) ( 
Dog 
3 ss.-ij. 
2.00-8.00 
Drastic cathartic. 
Kamala j 
(Kamala).. ( 
Horse 
Dog 
5 Mj- 
3 j -iij- 
32 00-64 00 
4.00-12.00 
■ Anthelmintic. POSOLOGY. 
97 
Kino 
(Kino) 
Linimentum ammonias 
(Liniment of ammonia) 
Linimentum calcis 
(Liniment of Lime) 
Linimentum camphorae 
(Liniment of camphor) 
Linimentum chloroform! 
(Liniment of chloroform) 
Linimentum saponis 
(Soap liniment) 
Linimentum saponis mollis 
(Liniment of soft soap) 
Linimentum terebinthinae 
(Turpentine liniment) 
Linum 
(Linseed-flaxseed) 
Liquor ammonii acetatis 
(Spirit of mindererus) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j.-iij. 
gr. v.-xv. 
Solution of a 
o 1 i v ae 3 
Solution of 
o 1 i v ae, 1 
Camphor, 1 
olei olivae, 4 
Chloroform, 
liniment, 1 
4.00-12.00 
0.32-1 00 
8.00-24.00 ' 
mmonia, 1 part, olei 
parts. 
lime, 1 part ; olei 
part. 
part; alcohol, q.s, ; 
parts. 
1 part ; camphor 
part. 
y Astringent in diarrhoea. 
For local use. 
y For local use. 
For local use. 
For local use. 
( Used as a vehicle for other 
( liniments. 
Nutrient and laxative. 
Diuretic, diaphoretic. 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
Soft soap, 2 
parts; cam 
terebinthin 
ad lib. 
iij.-iv. 
3 j.-iv. 
1 ij.-iv. 
parts; aquae dest , 2 
phorae, 1 part; olei 
ae, 10 parts. 
64.00-128.00 
4.00-16.00 
64.00-128.00 98 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Name. 
Animal. 
Average Dose for Adult. 
Action. 
Apothecaries' 
Weight. 
Metric System. 
Liquor arseni et hydrargyri iodidi.. 
(Donovan's so(ution) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 88.-j. 
X v.-xx. 
1 j--ij- 
16.00-32.00 
0.32-1.32 
32.00-64.00 
Internal antiseptic, alterative. 
Liquor calcis 
(Lime-water) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
I 
3 j-iv. 
I iv.-vj. 
64.00-192.00 
4.00-16.00 
128.00-192.00 
\ 
- Antacid. 
Liquor ferri subsulphatis 
(Monsel's solution) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j.-ij. 
TIL v.-x. 
3 j.-iij. 
4.00-8.00 
0.32-0.65 
4.00-12.00 
) 
Astringent, tonic. 
Liquor ferri tersulphatis 
(Solution of ferric sulphate) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j.-ij- 
7R v.-x. 
3 j.-iij. 
4.00-8.00 
0.32-0.65 
4.00-12.00 
Astringent, tonic. 
Liquor iodi compositus 
(Lugol's solution) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j.-ij. 
TH ij.-x. 
3 ij.-iv. 
4.00-8.00 
0.13-0.65 
8.00-16.00 
/ Internal antiseptic, alterative, 
i absorbent. 
Liquor plumbi subacetatis 
(Goulard's extract) 
j Externally; astringent, ano- 
) dyne. 
Liquor potassae arsenitis 
(Fowler's solution) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ij.- § iss. 
Utij.-x. 
5 ss.-ij. 
8.00-48.00 
0.13-0 65 
16 00-64.00 
/ Tonic, alterative, respiratory 
( stimulant. POSOLOGY. 
99 
Liquor sodae chlorinatae .. i 
(Labarraque's solution) - 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
: j -iv. 
lq x.-xx. 
3 j.-vj. 
4 00 16 00 
0 65-1 32 
4.00-24.00 
Antiseptic, antacid stimulant. 
Liquor sodii arsenatis 
(Pearson's solution) 
' j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j.-iv. 
Hl ij.-x. 
3 ij - § j. 
4.00-16 00 
0.13-0.65 
8.00 32.00 
Alterative. 
Lobelia 
(Indian tobacco) 
* 
See Ext. 
j Diaphoretic, nauseant, expec- 
( tor ant. 
Lycopodium 
( Externally, as a dusting pow- 
(Lycopodium) 
( der. 
Magnesii sulphas 
(Magnesium sulphate).. 
' j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
1 ij-iv. 
3 j.-iv. 
lb. 1-2 
64.00-128.00 
4 00-16 00 
512.00-1024.00 
( Hydragogue, cathartic, diuret- 
f ic, febrifuge. 
Mangani dioxidum 
(Black oxide of manganese).... 
' J- 
Used to make chlorine gas. 
Massa hydrargyri 
(Blue mass) 
Dog 
gr- j-x 
0.065-0 65 
Purgative, cholagogue. 
Mel 
(Honey) ;. 
ad lib. 
Use as vehicle in electuaries. 
Mentha piperita 
(Peppermint) 
See Oleum p 
iperitae. 
Internal antiseptic. 
Methyl chloridum 
(Methyl chloride) 
I 
( Local anaesthetic in form of 
( spray. 100 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Name. 
Animal. 
Average Dose for Adult. 
Action. 
Apothecaries' 
Weight. 
Metric System. 
Mistura cretae 
(Chalk mixture) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
5 j.-iv. 
3 j-ij- 
ad lib. 
32.00-128.00 
4.00-8.00 
Acts mechanically in diarrhoea. 
Morphinae hydrochloras 
(Morphine hydrochlorate) .. 
.... j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow. 
gr. ij.-x. 
gr. M 
gr. iij.-x. 
0.13-0 65 gm. 
0.0081-0.032 gm. 
0.19-0.65 gm. 
Anodyne, narcotic, antispas- 
modic, astringent. 
Morphinae sulphas 
(Morphine sulphate) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
gr. ij.-x. 
gr. 1-4 
gr. iij.-x. 
0.13 -0.65 gm. 
0.0081-0.032 gm. 
0.19-0.65 gm. 
■ Anodyne, narcotic, analgesic. 
Mucilago acaciae 
(Mucilage of acacia) 
As a vehicle. 
Mucilago tragacanthae 
(Mucilage of tragacanth) . .. 
ad lib. 
j As excipient for balls, 
( cent. 
demul- 
Myrrha 
.... ) 
( Externally, astringent, 
deodo- 
(Myrrh) 
....) 
/ rant. 
Naphthol 
(Naphthol) 
.... 1 
• J 
Antiseptic, externally. 
Nux vomica 
(Nux vomica) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
gr. xx.-lx. 
gr ss.-ij. 
3 j-ij. 
1.32 4 00 
0.032-0.13 
4.00 8.00 
Gastric tonic, nerve 
and stimulant. 
tonic, FOSOLOGY. 
101 
Oleum adipis J 
(Lard-oil) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 viij.-xvj. 
3ss.-j. 
3 vj.-xxxij. 
256.00-512.00 
16.00-32.00 
512.00-1024 00 
Laxative. 
Oleum amygdalae amare 
(Oil of bitter almond) j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
1T[ x.-xxx. 
m j.-ij. 
3 ss.-j. 
0.65-2.00 
0.065-0.13 
2.00-4.00 
Antiseptic and analgesic. 
Oleum cadinum ) 
(Oil of Cade) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j.-ij- 
TTt v.-x. 
3 ij.-iv. 
4.00-8.00 
0.32-0.65 
8.00-15.00 
1 Insecticide, diuretic. 
Oleum copaibae ) 
(Oil of copaiba) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ij--iv. 
•Tf( x.-xxx. 
3 ss. j. 
8.00-16.00 
0.65-2.00 
16.00-32.00 
| Alterative, diuretic. 
Oleum diptero carpi ) 
(Wood-oil) ( 
Dog 
n( x.-xxx. 
0.65-2.00 
( Gentle stimulant, diuretic, 
( laxative. 
Oleum gaultheriae ) 
(Oil of wintergreen) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
xx.-xxx. 
nl iij -v. 
1T|_ xx.-xxx. 
1.32-2 00 
0.18-0.32 
1.32-2.00 
Internal antiseptic. 
Oleum gossypii seminis J 
(Cotton-seed oil) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
5 viij.-xvj. 
5 j--ij. 
§ xvj.-xxxij. 
256.00-512 00 
32.00-64.00 
512.00-1024.00 
Laxative. 
Oleum lini J 
(Linseed oil). 1 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
Oj-ij. 
5 ss.-ij. 
Oj.-iij. 
512.00-768 00 
16.00-64.00 
512 00-1024.00 
Laxative, nutrient, emollient. 102 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Average Dose for Adult. 
Name. 
Animal. 
Apothecaries' 
Weight. 
Metric System. 
Action. 
Oleum menthae piperitae J 
(Oil of peppermint) j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
TH, xx.-xxx. 
TR iij -v. 
xx.-xxx. 
1.32-2.00 
0.18-0.32 
1,32-2.00 
Internal antiseptic. 
Oleum Morrhuae j 
(Cod-liver oil) ) 
Oleum myrciae ) 
(Oil of bay) j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
§ij--«j- 
3 j-iv. 
64.00-96.00 
4 00-16.00 
96.00-192.00 
Nutrient, alterative. 
Perfume for lotion. 
Oleum olivae ) 
(Olive oil) j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
5 viij.-Oj. 
Oj.-ij. 
256.00-512.00 
32.00 
512.00-1024.00 
/ Externally, in liniments; emol- 
( lient. 
Oleum piscis liquidae J 
(Oil of tar) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
|88.-j. 
3 ss.-j. 
u 
16 00-32.00 
2 00-4.00 
32.00 
Expectorant and parasiticide. 
Oleum ricini j 
(Castor oil) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
Oj. 
$ss.-ij. 
Oj.-ij. 
512.00 
16.00-64.00 
512.00-1024.00 
■- Purgative. 
Oleum sabina J 
(Savine) 1 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j-iv. 
TTl j.-v. 
3 j.-iv. 
4.00-16.00 
0.065-0.32 
4.00-16.00 
( Anthelmintic. POSOLOGY. 
103 
Oleum turebinthinae 
(Oil of turpentine) 
Oleum theobromatis 
(Butter of cacao) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
§ ss.-ij. 
v.-lx. 
1 j-ij- 
16.00-64.00 
0.32-4 00 
32.00-64.00 
) Cardiac stimulant, alterative, 
V diuretic, carminative, styp- 
) tic, anthelmintic, antiseptic. 
Base for suppositories. 
Oleum tiglii 
(Croton oil) ' 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
TT( x.-xxv. 
TTlj-iij. 
3 j.-ij. 
0.65-1.65 
0.065-0.18 
4.00-8.00 
i Drastic and hydragogue ca- 
thartic. Externally, coun- 
) ter-irritant. 
Opium 
(Opium) ' 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j.-ij. 
gr. j.-vj. 
3 ij.-iv. 
4.00-8.00 
0.065-0.40 
8.00-16.00 
/ Anodyne, antispasmodic, 
C narcotic. 
Opii pulvis 
(Powdered opium) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j -iij. 
gr. j.-v. 
3 ij.-iv. 
4.00-12.00 
0.065-0.32 
8.00-16.00 
( Anodyne, narcotic, antispas- 
f modic. 
Pancreatinum 
(Pancreatine) 
Dog 
gr. v.-xv. 
0.32-1.00 gm. 
Digestive tonic. 
Pepo 
(Pumpkin-seed) 
Dog 
1 ss.-ij. 
16.00-64 00 
Anthelmintic. 
Pepsinum 
(Pepsin) 
gr. ij.-x. 
0.13-0.65 gm. 
) Used for dogs, foals, calves 
( with H Cl. 
Pepsinum saccharatum 
(Saccharated pepsin) 
Dog 
gr. x.-xl. 
0.65-2.65 gm. 
Digestant. 104 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Name. 
I 
Animal. 
Average Dose for Adult. 
Action. 
. . • • • 
Weight. 
Petrolatum liquidum ) 
Used as vehicle. 
(Liquid petroleum) f 
Petrolatum molle ) 
Used in ointments. 
(Soft petroleum) ) 
Petrolatum spissum ) 
Used in ointments. 
(Hard petroleum) ) 
Phenacetinum 1 
(Phenacetin) } 
Phosphorus 1 
(Phosphorus) ) 
Physostigma 1 
(Calabar bean) tincture j 
Physostigminae salicylas , 
(Eserine salicylate) , 
Physostigminae sulphas _ 
(Eserine sulphate) , 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
Horse 
Dog 
I Cow 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j.-ij. 
gr. iij.-xv. 
3 j.-ij- 
gr. ss.-iij. 
gr- ^o-| 
gr. iij.-v. 
gr- v.-x. 
gr. ss.-ij. 
gr. x.-xv. 
gr- j.-ij- 
gf. Too-Ao 
gr. Ai>-As 
gr- j.-ij- 
gr. rh-Ait 
gr. Ao-Ar 
4.00-8.00 
0.18-1.00 
4.00-8.00 
0.03-0.18 
0.002-0.016 
0.18-0.32 
0.32-0 65 
0.032-0.13 
0.65-1.00 
0.065-0,13 
0.0006-0.002 
0.002-0.003 
0.065-0.13 
0.0006-0.002 
0.002-0.003 
Anodyne, antipyretic. 
Nerve stimulant and tonic. 
f Nerve sedative, cathartic, my- 
C otic. 
Cathartic. 
Cathartic. POSOLOGY. 
105 
Phytolaccae radix 
(Poke-root) 
Dog 
v.-xxx. 
0.32-2.00 
Purgative; also externally. 
Pilocarpus 
(Jaborandi) 
' j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ij.-iv. 
3 ss.-j. 
3 ij--vj. 
8.00-16.00 
2.00-4.00 
8.00-24.00 
/ Antipyretic, sialagogue, sudo- 
f rific. 
Pilocarpinae hydrochloras 
(Hydrochlorate of pilocarpine).. 
• j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
gr. ij.-iv. 
gr. W 
gr. iv.-vj. 
0.13-0.26 
0.008-0.0016 
0.26-0.40 
( Sialagogue, cathartic in com- 
f bination with eserine. 
Pilulae catharticae compositae 
Dog 
Pil. j.-ij. 
Cathartic. 
(Compound cathartic pills) 
Pilulae catharticae vegetabilis ... . 
• I 
• ) 
Dog 
Pit j.-iij. 
Cathartic. 
(Vegetable cathartic pills) 
Pilulae opii 
Dog 
Pil. ss.-j. 
j Anodyne, antispasmodic, nar- 
(Pills of opium) 
( cotic, analgesic. 
Pix liquida 
(Tar) 
' j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 v.-^ij. 
gr. xx.- 3 j. 
§ 
20.00-64.00 
1.32-4.00 
64.00-96.00 
/ Antiseptic, deodorant, exter- 
f nally. 
Plumbi acetas 
(Sugar of lead) 
j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ss.-j. 
gr- ij.-vj. 
3 ss.-iss. 
2.00-4.00 
0.13-0.40 
2.00-6.00 
Astringent. Ha?mostatic. 
Podophyllum 
(May apple) 
' j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j.-ij- 
gr- j.-ij. 
3 j.-ij- 
4.00-8.00 
0.06-0.12 
4.00-8.00 
Hepatic stimulant, cathartic, 
j emetic in dog. 106 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Name. 
Animal. 
Average Dose for Adult. 
Action. 
Apothecaries' 
Weight. 
Metric System. 
Potassii bicarbonas J 
Horse 
16.00-32.00 
1 Antacid, stomachic, diuretic. 
(Potassium bicarbonate) 1 
Dog 
Cow 
gr. x.-xl. 
1 88.-j. 
0.65-2.65 
16.00-32.00 
Potassii bitartras j 
(Cream of tartar) i 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
lij.-iv. 
3 j.-l 88. 
1 ii -iv. 
64.00-128.00 
4.00-16.00 
64.00-128 00 
Laxative, diuretic. 
Potassii bromidum . j 
Horse 
5 ss.-j. 
16 00-32 00 
Sedative. 
(Potassium bromide) 
Dog 
Cow 
gr. v.-xx. 
Iss.-j. 
0 32-1.32 
16.00-32.00 
Potassii chloras ) 
(Potassium chlorate) 1 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ss.-iv. 
gr. v.-xv. 
3 ij-vj. 
2.00-16.00 
0.32-1 00 
8.00-24.00 
) Febrifuge, antacid, internal 
antiseptic, refrigerant diu- 
) retie. 
Potassii et sodii tartras j 
(Rochelle salt) ( 
Dog 
Cow 
5 ss.-j. 
lb. j.-ij. 
16.00-32.00 
512.00 1024.00 
Laxative, diuretic. 
Potassii iodidum J 
(Potassium iodide) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
3 ss.-vj. 
gr. v.-xv. 
3 j-vj. 
2.00 24.00 
0.32 1.00 
4.00-24.00 
Absorbent, diuretic. 
Cow 
Potassii nitras 
(Saltpetre) j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
5 ss.-ij. 
gr. v.-xxx. 
16.00-32.00 
0 32-2.00 
32 00-96.00 
( Refrigerant, diuretic, febri- 
( fuge. POSOLOGY. 
107 
Potassii permanganas ) 
(Potassium permanganate) J 
Prunus Virginiana ) 
(Wild cherry) . J 
Dog 
Disinfectant, deodorizer. 
Expectorant for dogs. 
gr. xx.- 3 j. 
1.32-4.00 
Pulvis effervescens compositus.. 
(Seidlitz powder) 
Dog 
gr. v- 3 j. 
0.32-4.00 
May be used in dog practice. 
Pulvis glycyrrhizae compositus .. 
(Compound licorice powder)... 
.. 1 
■J 
Dog 
3 . ss.-ij. 
2.00-8.00 gm. 
Laxative. 
Pulvis ipecacuanhas et opii 
(Dover's powder) 
.. ) 
•4 
Dog 
gr. v.-xv. 
0.32-1.00 
Sedative, diaphoretic. 
Pulvis jalapae compositus 
(Compound powder of jalap).. 
Dog 
gr. xv.-xl. 
1.00-2.65 
Purgative. 
Quassia (Infusion) 
(Quassia) 
' j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 iv.-vj. 
3 ss.-ij. 
z iv.-viij. 
128.00-192.00 
2.00-8 00 
128.00-256.00 
Stomachic, bitter tonic, vermi- 
j fuge, insecticide. 
Quercus alba 
(White oak) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ij.-viij. 
gr. v.-xxx. 
5 ss.-ij. 
8.00-32.00 
0.32-2.00 
16.00-64.00 
Astringent. 
Quinina 
(Quinine) 
Horse 
Dog 
Ox 
gr. xv.-xxx. 
gr. iij.-x. 
gr. xxxix.-lx 
1.00-2.00 
0.18-0.65 
2.00-4.00 
Antipyretic, antiseptic. 
) 
Quininae hydrochloras 
(Quinine hydrochlorate) 
' j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ss.-j. 
gr. i -x. 
3 i.-iij. 
2.00-4.00 
0 065-0.65 
4.00-12.00 
Antiperiodic, bitter tonic. 108 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Name. 
Animal. 
Average Dose for Adult. 
Action. 
Apothecaries' 
Weight. 
Metric System. 
Quininae sulphas \ 
(Sulphate of quinine) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 88. -j. 
gr. j.-x. 
3 j.-iij- 
2.00-4.00 
0.065-0.65 
4.00-12.00 
Antiperiodic, bitter tonic. 
Resina j 
(Resin-Colophony) 1 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ij.-iv. 
gr. x.-xxx. 
3 ij.-v. 
8.00-16.00 
0.65-2.00 
8.00-20 00 
Stimulant, astringent, diuretic. 
Resorcinum ) 
(Resorcin) j 
Dog 
gr. j.-x. 
0.065-0.65 
j Internal and external anti- 
( septic. 
Rhamnus purshiana 1 
(Cascara sagrada) ) 
Dog 
3 SB.-j. 
2.00-4.00 
Cathartic, purgative. 
Rheum 
(Rhubarb) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
5 88.-j. 
gr. x.-xx. 
16 00-32.00 
0.65-1.32 
32 00-64.00 
/ Stomachic, astringent, purga- 
j tive. 
Salicinum ) 
(Salicin) 1 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ss.-ij. 
gr. ij.-xv. 
3 j.-iij- 
2.00-8.00 
0.13-1.00 
4.00-12.00 
/ Internal antiseptic, anti-rheu- 
j matic. 
Salol j 
(Salol) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j -ij. 
gr. ij.-xv. 
3 j.-iij. 
4.00-8.00 
0.13-1.00 
4.00-12.00 
Antiseptic, anti rheumatic. POSOLOGY. 
109 
Salvia 
(Sage) 
Condiment. 
Sanguinaria 
(Blood-root) 
1 
( 
Dog 
gr. x.-xx. 
0.65-1 32 
Emetic, expectorant. 
Santoninum 
(Santonin) 
Sapo 
(Soap).... 
Horse 
Dog 
gr. xx.-xl. 
gr. ij.-vij. 
1.32-2.65 
0.13-0.46 
( Anthelmintic, for round 
) worms. 
Externally. 
Sapo mollis 
(Soft soap) 
Externally. 
Scilla 
(Squill) 
j 
Horse 
l^og 
Cow 
3 ss.-j. 
gr. ij -v. 
3 j -ij- 
2.00-4.00 
0.13-0.32 
2.00-4.00 
/ Stimulant, expectorant, eme- 
( tic. 
Serpentaria 
(Virginia snake-root) 
Sevum 
(Suet) 
1 
f 
Dog 
gr. x.-xx. 
0.65-1.32 
Stimulant, diuretic, tonic. 
Used in ceratis. 
Sodii bicarbonate 
(Sodium bicarbonate) 
.... 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
§ ss.-iv. 
gr. vj -xl. 
§ ss.-ij. 
16.00-128.00 
0.40-2.65 
16.00-64.00 
/ Stomachic, antacid and diu- 
( retie. 
Sodii boras 
(Borax) 
1 j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3ij-iij. 
gr. x.-xx. 
3 iv.-vj. 
8.00-12.00 
0.65-1.32 
16.00-24.00 
) Externally, mostly in o i n t - 
( ments, lotions, etc.; anti- 
) septic. 110 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Average Dose for Adult. 
Name. 
Animal. 
Apothecaries' 
Weight. 
Metric System. 
Action. 
Sodii bromidum. \ 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ij.-viij. 
8.00-32 00 
0.32-1.00 
16.00-64.00 
Nerve sedative. 
(Sodium bromide) 
gr. v.-xv. 
5 ss.-ij. 
(Sodium hypophosphite) j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
1 88.-j. 
gr. x.-xxv. 
§ ss. -j. 
16.00-32.00 
0.65-1.65 
16.00-32.00 
/ Antiseptic, deodorizers, insec- 
( ticides, alterative. 
Sodii hyposulphis J 
(Sodium hyposulphite). ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
1 88.-iv. 
gr. x.- 3 j. 
Fi-y- 
16.00-128.00 
0.65-4.00 
32.00-64 00 
Antiferment. 
Sodii salicylate J 
(Salicylate of sodium) 1 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ij.-iv. 
gr. v.-xx. 
3 ij-vj. 
8.00-16.00 
0.32-1.32 
8.00-24.00 
(Antiseptic, disenfectant, anti- 
l pyretic, anti-rheumatic. 
Sodii sulphas .... J 
(Glauber salts) 1 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
5 iv.-xvj. 
3 ss.-ij. 
I XV.-XX. 
128.00-512.00 
2 00-8.00 
480.00-640.00 
Laxative, purgative, diuretic. 
Spiritus aetheris J 
(Spirit of ether) 1 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
5 j-ij. 
3 
1 ij.-iv. 
32.00-64 00 
1 00-4.00 
64.00-128.00 
/ Stimulant, anodyne, anti spas- 
t modic, anaesthetic. 
Spiritus aetheris compositus ) 
(Hoffmann's anodyne) ........ 1 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j-3iv. 
Th v.- 3 vj. 
3 ij - 3 vj. 
4.00-16.00 
0.32-24 00 
8.00-24.00 
) Analgesic,antispasmodic, stim- 
ulant. POSOLOGY. 
111 
Spiritus aetheris nitrosi ) 
(Sweet spirits of nitre) j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
5 j - iij 
ll[ xx.-lx. 
1 i-iv. 
32.00-96.00 
1.32-4.00 
32.00-128.00 
/ Stimulant, antispasmodic, diu- 
f retie, diaphoretic. 
Spiritus ammoniae 
(Spirits of ammonia) j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j.-I j- 
m x-sj. 
| j.-iss. 
4.00-32.00 
0.65-4.00 
32.00-48.00 
/ Stimulant, antacid; external- 
1 ly in making liniments. 
Spiritus ammoniae aromaticus ...._) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
§ ss.-j. 
16.00-32.00 
0.65 1 32 
( Diffusible, stimulant, antispas 
(Aromatic spirits of ammonia).. . ) 
§ ss.-ij. 
16.00-64.00 
1 modic, antacid. 
Spiritus camphorae j 
(Spirits of camphor) 1 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
Iff x.-xx. 
H-ij- 
8.00-32.00 
0.65-1.32 
32.00-64.00 
Carminative, stimulant. 
Spiritus chloroformi ) 
(Spirits of chloroform) 1 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 iss.-j. 
lij.-iv. 
32.00-64.00 
2.00-4.00 
64.00-128.00 
( Stimulant, antispasmodic, ano- 
1 dyne. 
Spiritus frumenti 
(Whiskey) 
Horse 
Dog 
! j-vj. 
3 j.-iv. 
32.00-192.00 
4.00-16.00 
Stimulant, diaphoretic, anti- 
j spasmodic. 
Spiritus myrciae ) 
(Bay rum) ) 
Cow 
3 v.-x. 
160.00-320.00 
Externally. 
Spiritus vini gallici ' 
(Brandy) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j.-iv. 
1 V.-X. 
32.00-192.00 
4 00-16.00 
160.00-320.00 
Stimulant, antispasmodic. 112 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Name. 
Animal. 
Average Dose for Adult. 
Action. 
Apothecaries' 
Weight. 
Metric System. 
Staphisagria 1 
(Stavesacre) ) 
( Externally, to destroy lice, etc. 
( 1 to 20 or 30 of water. 
Strophanthus ) 
(Strophanthus) ) 
See Tincture 
Cardiac, tonic, and stimulant. 
Strychnina ) 
(Strychnine) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
gr. ss.-j. 
gr. iH» 
gr. j.-ij. 
0.032-0.65 
0.00104-0.00312 
0.065-0.13 
( Nerve stimulant, tonic, and 
f stomachic. 
Strychnin® sulphas ) 
(Sulphate of strychnine) | 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
gr. ss.-j. 
gr. /o~nt 
gr. j.-ij- 
0.032-0.65 
0.00104-0.00312 
0.065-0.13 
( Nerve stimulant, tonic, and 
i stomachic. 
Sulphur praecipitatum ) 
(Precipitated sulphur) 1 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3ij.-§iv. 
gr. j.-3iv. 
5 88.-Vj. 
8.00-128 00 
0.065-16 00 
16.00-192.00 
/ Laxative, alterative; exter- 
f nally, it destroys parasites. 
Suppositoria glycerini ) 
(Suppositories of glycerine) ) 
In constipation (dogs). 
Syrupi acaciae ) 
ad lib. 
Vehicle. 
(Syrup of acacia) ) 
Syrupi aurantii ) 
Vehicle in dog practice. 
(Syrup of orange) ) POSOLOGY. 
113 
Syrupi ipecacuanhas ) 
(Syrup of ipecac) j 
Dog 
Hlv.-3ij. 
0.32-8.00 
j In canine practice, emetic, 
( cbolagogue, expectorant. 
Syrupi pruni Virginianae ) 
(Syrup of wild cherry) ( 
Dog 
3 ss.-j. 
2.00-4.00 
-J Used in cough mixtures. 
Syrupi rhei.... ) 
(Syrup of rhubarb) ) 
Dog 
3 j.-iv. 
4.00-16.00 
( In canine practice, stomachic, 
( purgative. 
Syrupi scillae ) 
Horse 
1 88 -j. 
16.00-32.00 
j Used in expectorant mixture, 
(Syrup of squill) j 
Dog 
Tf( x.-xx. 
0.65-1.32 
} for dogs especially. 
Syrupi senegae ) 
(Syrup of senega) j 
Dog 
3 j.-ij- 
4.00-8.00 
j Stimulant, expectorant vehicle 
( in canine practice. 
Syrupi tolutanus ) 
(Syrup of tolu) J 
Dog 
5 88.-j. 
16.00-32.00 
( Expectorant vehicle in dog 
) practice. 
Syrupi zingiberis / 
Dog 
• 
2.00-8.00 
( Stomachic; used in vehicle in 
(Syrup of ginger) ( 
3 ss.-ij. 
•< mixture for dog; carmina- 
( tive. 
Tabacum ) 
Horse 
3 8S.-j. 
2.00-4.00 
) Motor depressor internally; 
(Tobacco) 1 
Dog 
gr. ij.-vj. 
0.13-0.40 
> externally, parasiticide, 1 to 
Cow 
3 j.-ij- 
4 00-8.00 
) 30 or 40 of water. 
Horse 
3 ij.-iv. 
8.00-16.00 
Terpin hydrate < 
Dog 
gr. xx.-1. 
1.32-3.65 
Internal antiseptic. 
f 
Cow 
5i. 
32.00 
Terebinthinae ) 
See Oleum te 
( Anthelmintic, styptic, diuretic, 
(Turpentine) f 
rebinthinae. 
( cardiac stimulant. 114 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Name. 
Animal. 
Average Dose for Adult. 
Action. 
Apothecaries' 
Weight. 
Metric System. 
Thymol j 
(Thymol) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
gr. v.-xx. 
gr. ss.-v. 
gr. x.- 3 j. 
0.32-1.32 
0.032-0.32 
0.65-4.00 
) Externally, mostly antiseptic 
- and disinfectant; diuretic 
) internally. 
Tincturae aconiti ) 
(Tincture of aconite) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
rq x.-xl. 
xl.-lx. 
0.65-2.65 
0.13-0.40 
2.60-4.00 
/ Cardiac depressant, local an- 
( aesthetic. 
Tincturae amicae florum ) 
(Tincture of arnica flowers) j 
Horse 
Dog 
1 ss.-j. 
ITt v.-x. 
16 00-32.00 
0.32-0.65 
) Used mostly externally, stim- 
( ulant. 
Tincturae asafoetidae ) 
(Tincture of asafetida) j 
Dog 
m. x.-xxx. 
0.65-2.00 
( Digestive stimulant, antispas- 
( modic. 
Tincturae belladonnas foliorum ... j 
(Tincture of belladonna leaves) . j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
I ss.-j. 
IT( v.-xv. 
16.00-32.00 
0.32-1.00 
32.00-64.00 
1 Desiccant, mydriatic, antispas- 
modic, anodyne, sympa- 
) thetic nerve stimulant. 
Tincturae benzoini 
(Tincture of benzoin) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 iv.-vj. 
gr. xx.-xxx. 
3 88.-j. 
16.00-24.00 ' 
1.32-2 00 
2.00-4.00 
y Antiseptic, disinfectant. 
Tincturae calumbae ) 
(Tincture of calumba) j 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
5 8S.-j. 
gr. x.-xxx. 
§ j -ij- 
16.00-32 00 
0.65-2.00 
32.00-64.00 
y Stomachic, hitter tonic. POSOLOGY. 
115 
Tincturae cantharidis j 
(Tincture of cantharides) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
7TL xxx. - 3 j 
1T( v.-xxx. 
3 ss.-ij. 
2.00-4.00 
0.32-2 00 
2.00-8.00 
( Internally vesicant and di- 
( uretic externally. 
Tincturae capsici ) 
(Tincture of capsicum) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ij.-iv. 
TT( v.-xl. 
1 88.-j. 
8.00-16.00 
0.32-2.65 
16.00-32.00 
Stomachic, carminative. 
Tincturae cimicifugae ) 
(Tincture of cimicifuga) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
? j -ij. 
3 88.-j. 
iij. 
32.00-64.00 
2.00-4.00 
64.00 
/ Cardiac stimulant, bitter, anti- 
f rheumatic. 
Tincturae chinchonae j 
(Tincture of cinchona) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
1 j-ij. 
3 j-ij. 
1 ij-iv. 
32.00-64.00 
4.00-8.00 
64.00-128.00 
1 Antiseptic, antiperiodic, anti- 
( pyretic, bitter tonic. 
Tincturae colchici seminis ) 
(Tincture of colchicum seed) .. ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ss.-j. 
TO XV.-XXX. 
§ ss.-ij. 
2.00-4.00 
1,00-2.00 
16.00-64.00 
) 
> Diuretic, antirheumatic. 
Tincturae digitalis ) 
(Tincture of digitalis) 4 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j.- 3 iv. 
ni v.-xv. 
3 ij.-iv. 
4.00-16.00 
0.32-1.00 
8.00-16.00 
Cardiac stimulant, diuretic. 
Tincturae ergotae j 
(Tincture of ergot) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
5 ss.-j. 
1T( xx.-lx 
§ j-ij- 
16.00-32.00 
1.32-4.00 
32.00-64.00 
j Ecbolic, vascular constrictor. 
Tincturae ferri chloridi J 
(Tincture of iron) 1 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
§ ss.-j. 
m. v.-xv. 
1 j-~ij- 
16.00-32.00 
0.32-1.00 
32.00-64.00 
( Tonic, styptic, astringent ex- 
( ternally. 116 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Name. 
Animal. 
Average Dose for Adult. 
Action. 
Apothecaries' 
Weight. 
Metric System. 
Tincturas gelsemii ( 
(Tincture of gelsemium) ( 
Horse 
Cow 
5 ss.-j. 
3 83.-ij. 
16.00-32.00 
16.00-64.00 
| Antispasmodic, anodyne, dia- 
( phoretic, drastic cathartic. 
Tincturae hyoscyami J 
(Tincture of henbane) 1 
Horse 
Dog 
i Cow 
I ss.-ij. 
3 88.-j. 
5 ij-iij- 
16.00-64.00 
2.00-4.00 
64.00-96.00 
Hypnotic, antispasmodic. 
Tincturae iodi ) 
(Tincture of iodine) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 j.-iv. 
TT(v -xx. 
3 ii.-vi. 
4.00-16.00 
0.32-1.32 
8.00-24.00 
'/ Disinfectant, irritant, exter- 
nally and internally. 
Tincturae nucis vomicae ( 
(Tincture of nux vomica) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 iij.-viij. 
Ti( v.-xx. 
5 8S -j. 
12.00-32.00 
0.32-1.32 
16.00-32.00 
/ One fluid ounce of tincture 
f =1 grain nux vomica. 
Tincturae opii J 
(Tincture of opium) 1 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
§ j-iv. 
TQ v. xxx. 
? j.-iv. 
32.00-128.00 
0.32-2.00 
32.00-128.00 
| Antispasmodic, anodyne. 
Tincturae opii camphorata 
(Paregoric) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
5 ij -iv. 
5iv. 
3 ss - ss. 
64.00-128.00 
128.00 
2.00-16.00 
/ Analgesic, antispasmodic, car- 
( minative. 
Tincturae strophanthus ) 
(Tincture of strophanthus) ) 
i Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 88.-j. 
X ij -vj. 
3 88.-j. 
2.00-4.00 
0.13 0 40 
2.00-4.00 
Cardiac stimulant, diuretic. POSOLOGY. 
117 
Tincturae veratri viridis ) 
(Tincture of veratrum viride).... 1 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3ij-iv. 
gr. ij.-iij. 
3 iv.-vj. 
4.00-16.00 
0.13-0.18 
16.00-24.00 
Cardiac and vaso-motor de- 
pressant. 
Tincturae zingiberis ) 
(Tincture of ginger) / 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
§ j-iij- 
T[( xx.-lx. 
lij.-iv. 
32.00-96.00 
1.32-4.00 
64.00-128.00 
> Stomachic. 
Tragacantha ) 
(Tragacanth) ( 
ad lib. 
Used as excipient for balls, 
demulcent. 
Unguentum acidi carbolici ) 
(Ointment of carbolic acid) ) 
Carbolic aci 
affin, 12 part 
parts. 
d, 1 part; soft par- 
s; hand paraffin , 6 
Antiseptic. 
Unguentum acidi tannici ) 
(Ointment of tannic acid) ) 
Astringent. 
Unguentum zinci oxidi ) 
(Ointment of zinc oxide) ) 
Oxide of zin 
lard, 5 parts; 
cool. 
c, 1 part; benzoated 
melt lard and stir till 
Astringent. 
Ura Ursi .. j 
(Bearberry) ) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 iv.-vj. 
gr. xx.-xl. 
3 vj - J j. 
16.00-24.00 
1.32-2.65 
24.00-32.00 
Diuretic, astringent, disinfec- 
tant of urinary mucous mem- 
brane. 
Veratrum viride J 
(American hellebore, powder).... j 
I 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ss.-j. 
gr. ij -iij- 
3 ss.-j. 
See tinct. an 
2 00-4.00 
0.13-0.18 
2.00-4.00 
d fl. ext. 
1 
Vaso-motor depressor. 118 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Name 
Animal. 
Average Dose for Adult. 
Action. 
Apothecaries' 
Weight. 
Metric System. 
Vinum ipecacuanhas 
(Wine of ipecac) 
Dog 
3 ss.-ij. 
2.00-8.00 
Expectorant, emetic ( 3 ij.-vj.) 
Vinum opii 
(Wine of opium) ' 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
1 ij-iv. 
1T[ iij.-xx. 
§ ij--vj. 
64.00-128 00 
0.18-1.32 
64.00-128.00 
Analgesic anodyne, narcotic. 
Zinci chloridum 
(Zinc chloride) 
Escharotic (externally). 
Zinci oxidum 
(Zinc oxide) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ss.-iij. 
gr j.-vj. 
3 j.-iv. 
2.00-12.00 
0.065-0.40 
4.00-16 00 
Tonic, astringent. 
Zinci sulphas 
(Zinc sulphate) 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
3 ss.-iij. 
gr j -iij 
3 j -iij. 
2 00-12 00 
0.065-0 18 
4 00-12 00 
/ Astringent, tonic; emetic for 
| dogs, gr vj.-xv. 
Zingiber 
(Ginger) ' 
Horse 
Dog 
Cow 
5 M -j 
gr x.-xx. 
5 j -ij 
See tinct an 
16.00-32 00 
0 65-1.32 
32.00-64.00 
d ext fl. 
1 
! Stomachic, carminative, bile 
| stimulant. 
.- 
- - CHAPTER X. 
VOCABULARY. 
A 
A, ab, or abs, prep, (abl.) away from, by. 
Abacus, -i, m shelf, counter, table, bench. 
Abeo, 4, abii, abitum, intr go away, depart. 
Abhinc, adv since, ago. 
Abies, abietis, f fir-tree. 
Abrado, 3, -rasi, -rasum, tr shave, cut off or away. 
Abrotanum, -i, N southernwood. 
Abscessus, -us, m. [abs and cedo] a departing from ; abscess. 
Absorbeo, 2, -sorbui and -sorpsi, -sorptum, tr. . .absorb. 
Absinthium, -i, n. (2d deci.) wormwood. 
Absque, prep, (abl.) without. 
Abstergeo, 2, abstersi, abstersum, tr wipe off, cleanse. 
Abstractum, -i, n. [abs and traho] abstract. 
Absum, abesse, abfui, x to be away, absent. 
Absumo, 3, -mpsi, -mtum, tr. [ab and sumo].... take away, destroy. 
Abundantia, -se, F abundance. 
Abundo, 1, -avi, -atum, intr abound, have abundance. 
Abutor, -i, -usus sum, dep abuse, misuse. 
Ac, conj and ; in compar., as, than. 
Acacia, -se, F. (1st deci.) acacia. 
Accedo, 3, accedi, accessum, intr. [ad and cedo]. approach, draw near. 
Accido, 3, accidi, intr fall out, occur, happen. 
Accipio, 3, -epi, -eptum, tr. [ad and capio] receive, accept. 
Acer, acris, acre, adj keen, sharp, eager. 
Acerbus, -a, -um, adj sour, bitter, painful. 
Acetas, -atis, m. (3d deci.) acetate. 
Acetum, -i, n. (2d deci.) vinegar. 
Acidum, -i, N. (2d deci.) an acid. 
Acidus, -a, um, adj acid. 
Aconitina, -se, F. (1st deci.) extract of aconite. 
119 120 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Aconitum, -i, n. (2d decl.) aconite. 
Acorus, -i, F sweet flag. 
Actaea, -ae, F actcea, cohosh. 
Acutus, -a, -um, adj acute, sharp. 
Ad, prep. (accus) to, at, near, toward. 
Adaperio, 4, -ui, -pertum, tr open, uncover. 
Additio, -onis, F addition. 
Addo, 3, addidi, additum, tr add. 
Adeps, ipis, M. and F. (3d decl.) fat, lard. 
Adfero, -ferre, attuli, ad- or al-latum, tr bear to, bring. 
Adhibeo, 2, -ui, -itum, tr use, apply, employ. 
Adhuc, adv hitherto, thus far, as yet. 
Adiantum, -i, N. (2d deci.) sweet fern. 
Adimo, 3, -emi, -emptum, tr take away, remove. 
Adipiscor, adipisci, adeptus, sum, dep yain, attain, secure. 
Adjicio, 3, -jeci, jectum, tr cast against, apply to, add. 
Adjutor, -oris, m assistant, clerk. 
Adjuvo, -juvi, -jutum, tr aid, help. 
Administratio, -onis, f practice, administration. 
Admisceo, 2, admiscui, admixtum (admistum), tr.mix or mingle together. 
Admonitio, -onis, F admonition, warning. 
Admoveo, 2, -movi, -motum, tr apply, bring near. 
Adorno, 1, -avi, -atum, tr adorn. 
Adsum, -esse, -fui to be present. 
Aduro, 3, -ussi, -ustum, tr burn. 
Adventus, -us, M coming, approach. 
Adversus, adv. and prep opposite, facing. 
Adversus, -a, -um, adj adverse, opposite. 
.ZEger, aegra, aegrum, adj sick. 
.ZEgrotatio, -onis, F sickness. 
.ZEgyptius, -a, -um, adj Egyptian. 
^Equabiliter, ad equally, evenly, uniformly. 
.ZEqualis, -e, adj equal, uniform. 
^Eque, adv equally. 
^Equus, -a, -um, adj .just, even, level, like. 
Aer, aeris, M. (3d decl.) air, atmosphere. 
.ZErugo, -inis, f rust of copper, verdigris. 
ZEs, aeris, n bronze, brass. 
ZEstivus, -a, -um, adj of summer, summer. 
ZEstus, -us, M heat. 
ZEther, aetheris, M. (3d decl.) ether. 
Affectus, -us, M affection, disease, malady. 
Affundo, 3, -fudi, -fusum, tr pour, or sprinkle upon. 
Ager, agri, M. (2d decl.) .field. 
Agitatio, -onis, f agitation, stirring. VOCABULARY. 
121 
Agito, 1, -avi, -atom, tr agitate, drive, stir. 
Ago, 3, egi, actum, tr lead, drive, do. 
Agrestia, -e, adj of the field, wild. 
Agricola, -ae, f. [ager and col i, cultivator] .farmer. 
Aheneus, -a, -um, adj. (and ahenus) brazen. 
Albesco, 3, , intr grow white. 
Albumen, -inis, n. (3d deci.) albumen, white of egg. 
Albus, -a, -um, adj white. 
Alcohol, -is, m., or indecl., N alcohol. 
Alcoholicus, -a, -um, adj alcoholic. 
Aletris, -idis, F star-grass. [proper. 
Alienus, -a, -um, adj .foreign, unsuitable, im- 
Aliquando, adv some time, some time or 
Aliquantulum, -i, N a little, somewhat, [other. 
Aliquis, -qua, -quid some, some one. 
\ Aliquid boni something (of) good. 
I Aliquod bonum some good thing. 
Aliquot, indecl., adj several, a few, not many. 
Alius, -a, -ud, adj other. 
Allium, -i, N. (and alium) garlic. 
Alnus, -i, F. (2d deci.) alder. 
Aloe, -es, f. (1st deci.) aloe. 
Alter, altera, alterum, adj one of two, the other. 
Alumen, -inis, n. (3d deci.) alum. 
Aluta, -ae, f thinly dressed leather 
Alvus, -i, F. (2d deci.) belly, paunch. 
Amans, -antis, particip., adj loving, fond. 
Amarus, -a, -um, adj bitter. 
Americanus, -a, -um, adj A merican. 
Amicus, i, M friend. 
Amitto, 3, -misi, -missum, tr loose, let go, send away. 
Ammonia, -ae, f. (1st deci.) ammonia. 
Ammoniacus, -a, -um, adj of Ammon, ammoniacal. 
Amo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr love, like. 
Amomum, -i, N amomum (a spice shrub). 
Amotio, onis, F displacement, removal. 
Amphora, -ae, F jar, flagon. 
Amplius, adv. comp, deg more. 
Amplus, -a, -um, adj ample, large. 
Ampulla, -ae, F bottle, jug, flask. 
Amygdala, -ae, f. (1st deci.) almond. 
Anaestheticus, -a, -um, adj ancesthetic. 
Angelica, -ae, F angelica. 
Anglice, adv in English. 
Angulus, -i, m corner. 122 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Angustus, -a, -um, adj narrow. 
Animadversio, -onis, F attention, eensure. 
Animal, -alis, N. (3d deci.) animal. 
Animus, -1, M mind, soul. 
Anisum, -i, N anise. 
Annulus, -i, M ring. 
Annus, -i, M. (2d deci.) year. 
Antalgicus, -a, -um subduing pain. 
Ante, prep before. 
Antea, adv before, formerly. 
Anteeo, 4, -li, , mtr. [ante and eo] go before, surpass. 
Antequam, adv before, before that. 
Anthemis, -idis, f. (3d deci.) anthemis ; chamomile. 
Antidotum, -i, N antidote. 
Antimonialis, -e, adj antimonial. 
Antimonium, -i, N. (2d deci.) antimony. [fever. 
Antipyreticus, -a, -um, adj antipyretic; driving away 
Antiquitus, adv in ancient times. 
Antiquus, -a, -um, adj old, ancient. 
Anus, us, f old woman. 
Aperio, 4, -ui, -turn, tr lay open, disclose. 
Apotheca, -ae, F. (1st deci.) store-house, store. 
Appello, 1, -avi, -atum, tr call, name. 
Applico, 1, -avi, -atum, tr apply, attach. 
Appono, 3, apposui, appositum, tr apply, put on. 
Apprehendo, 3, -hendi, -hensum, tr grasp, seize, lay hold of. 
Appropinquo, 1, -avi, -atum, intr approach, draw near. 
Apricus, -a, -um, adj sunny. 
Aptus, -a, -um, adj apt, Jit, suitable. 
Aqua, -ae, F. (1st deci.) water. 
Aquaeductus, -us, M aqueduct. [water. 
Aquosus, -a, -um, adj watery, abounding tn 
Arbor, -oris, f tree. 
Arceo, 2, -ui, tr keep away, ward of. 
Arcesso, 3, arcessivi, arcessitum, tr send for, summon. 
Arete, adv closely, tightly. 
Arena, -ae, F sand, sand-bath. 
Argentum, -i, N. (2d deci.) silver. 
Aridus, -a, -um, adj dry, arid. 
Aristolochia, -ae, F aristolochia, birthwort. 
Arnica, -ae, F. (1st deci.) arnica. 
Aro, 1, -avi, -atum, tr. plough. 
Aromaticos, -a, -um, adj aromatic. 
Ars, artis, F. (3d deci.) art. 
Arsenas, -atis, n. (3d deci.) arsenate. VOCABULARY. 
123 
Arsenicum, -i, N., or arsenum, -i, N. (2d deci.). .arsenic. 
Arsenis, -itis, M. (3d deci.) arsenite. 
Articularius, -a, -um of the joints. 
Articularius morbus gout. 
Articulus, -i, m .joint. 
Asiaticus, -a, -um, adj Asiatic. 
Assumo, 3, -sumpsi, -sumptum, tr assume, take. 
Assus, -a, -um, adj. particip roasted. 
At, conj but, but on the contrary. 
Ater, atra, atrum, adj black, gloomy. 
Attendo, 3, -di, -turn, tr attend, stretch toward. 
Attente, adv attentively. 
Attingo, 3, -tigi, -tactum, tr touch, attain, aim at. 
Attollo, 3, raise up, lift. 
Attonitus, -a, -um, adj amazed, astounded. 
Auctor, -oris, M. (3d deci.) the author. 
Auctus, -us, m increase, growth. 
Audio, 4, -ivi, -itum, tr... hear. 
Aufero, -ferre, [ab and ferre] abstuli, ablatum, tr.tofce or bear away. 
Aufugio, 3, -fugi, , intr .jlee, run away. 
Aula, -ae. F hall, court. 
Auripigmentum, -i, n orpiment, yellow arsenic. 
Auris, -is, f. (3d deci.) ear. 
Aurum, -i, N. (2d decl.) , gold. 
Austerus, -a, -um, adj harsh, sour. 
Aut, conj or. 
Autalgia, -ae, F (localized) pain. 
Autem, conj but, however. 
Auxilium, -i, N... aid, assistance. 
Avis, -is, f. (3d deci.) ... .a bird. 
B 
Balneum, -i, n. (2d deci.) bath, bath-room. 
Balsamum, -i, N. (2d deci.) balsam. 
Barbadensis, -e, adj of or from Barbadoes. 
Barbarum, -i, n name of a Roman plaster. 
Basis, -is, f base. [ingfrom it. 
Bdellium, -i, N vine-palm, and gum exud- 
Beatus, -a, -um, adj happy. 
Bene, adv well. 
Benignus, -a, -um, adj kind, obliging. 
Berberis, -idis, f barberry tree. 
Bergamot ta,-ae, f, bergamot. 124 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Beta, -ae, f beet. 
Benzinum, -i, N benzin. 
Benzoas, -atis, M. (3d deci.) benzoate. 
Benzoinum, -i, n. (2d deci.) benzoin. 
Bibo, 3, bibi, tr drink. 
Bicarbonas, -atis, m. (3d deci.) bicarbonate. 
Biduum, -i, n space of two days. 
Biliosus, -a, -um, adj bilious. 
Bilis, -is, F bile. 
Bini, -ae, -a, adj two-and-two. 
Bis, adv twice. 
Bisulphidum, . i, N bisulphide. 
Bitartras, -atis, m. (3d deci.) bitartrate. 
Bolus, -i, m morsel, bite, bolus. 
Bonus, -a, -um, adj good. 
Boras, -atis, m. (3d deci.) borax. 
Bos, bovis, M. and F ox, cow. 
Brachium, -i, N. (2d deci.) arm, upper arm. 
Brassica, -ae, F cabbage. 
Breviter, adv briefly. 
Bromidum, -i, n. (2d deci.) bromide. 
Bromum, -i, n bromine. 
Buchu, indecl., n buchu. 
Bulbus, -i, m bulb. 
Bulliens, -entis, adj. part boiling. 
Butyrum, -i, n butter. 
c 
Cacao, indecl., n cacao. 
Caffea, -ae, F. (1st deci.) coffee. 
Calcinatio, -onis, f calcination. 
Caldus, -a, -um, adj hot. 
Calefacio, 3, -feci, -factum, tr heat, make hot. 
Calendula, -ae, f calendula, wild marigold. 
Calens, -entis, adj warm. 
Calor, -oris, M. (3d deci.) heat. 
Calum ba, -ae, F calumba. 
Calx, calcis, M. and F. (3d deci.) limestone. 
Campana, -ae, f bell. 
Cataphora, -ae, F. (1st deci.) camphor. 
Camphoratus, -a, -um, adj of camphor. 
Campus, -i, M plain, campus. 
Canadensis, -e, adj Canadian, Canada. VOCABULARY. 
125 
Cancer, -cri, M cancer, a spreading ulcer. 
Cahis, -is, m. and f dog. 
Cannabinus, -a, -um, adj of hemp, hempen. 
Cantharis, -idis, F. (3d deci.) Spanish fly, cantharis. 
Capax, -acis, adj capacious. 
Capillitium, -i, N hair of the head. 
Capio, 3, cepi, captum, tr take. [mm- 
Capsicum,-i, N Cayenne pepper, capsi- 
Capsula, -ae, F. (1st deci.) capsule. 
Capto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr catch, try to catch. 
Caput, -itis, n head. 
Carbo, -onis, M. (3d deci.) carbon, chart oal. 
Carbonas, -atis, carbonate. 
Carboneum, -i, N carbon (as element). 
Cardamomum, -i, N. (2d deci.) cardamomum. 
Careo, 2, -ui, -itum, intr want, lack. 
Carmen,-inis, n song, charm. 
Caro, carnis, f .flesh, meat. 
Carum, -i, N caraway. 
Carus, -a, -um, adj dear. 
Caryophyllus, -i, F clove-tree. 
Caryophyllum, -i, N clove. 
Cascarilla, -ae, F cascarilla. 
Caseus, -i, M cheese. 
Cassia, -ae, F. (1st deci.) cassia. 
Castoreum, -i, N castoreum. 
Casus, us, m .fall, mishap, chance. 
Cataplasma, -atis, N. (3d deci.) poultice. 
Catarrhus, -i, M catarrh. 
Catechu, indecl., N catechu 
Catharticus, -a, -um, adj cathartic. 
Catinus, -i, m dish, platter. 
Caulis, -is, m stalk of plant; cabbage. 
Causa, -ae, f cause, reason. 
Causticus, -a, -um, adj caustic, burning. 
Caute, adv cautiously, carefully. 
Caveo, 2, cavi, cautum, tr. and intr beware, avoid. 
Cedo, 3, cessi, cessum, tr. and intr yield, retire. 
Celeriter, adv quickly, speedily. 
Cella, -ae, F cellar, cell. 
Censeo, 2, censui, censum, tr think, believe. 
Cepa, -ae, F onion. 
Cera, -ae, F. (1st deci.) wax. 
Cerasum, -i, n cherry. 
Cerasus, -i, F cherry-tree. 126 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Cerebralis, -e, adj cerebral. 
Ceratum, -i, n. (2d decl.) cerate, " a waxed dressing." 
Ceratus, a,-um, adj waxed. 
Cerevisia, -ae, F beer. 
Certamen, -inis, n strife, contest. 
Certe, adv certainly, surely. 
Certus, -a, -um, adj certain, fixed, definite. 
Cervinus, -a, -um, adj of a stag, or hart. 
Cesso, 1, -avi, -atum, intr cease, stop, be idle. 
Cetaceum, -i, N spermaceti, sperm. 
Cetraria, -ae, f cetraria, Iceland moss. 
Ceterus, -a, -um, adj the other, the rest. 
Chalcitis, -idis, M copper ore, precious stone, 
Chartaceus, -a, -um, adj of paper, paper, [chalcite- 
Chemia, -ae, F chemistry. 
Chemicus, -a, -um, adj. ; also noun chemical; chemist. 
Chimaphila, -ae, F chimaphila, wintergreen. 
Chiragra, -as, f gout in the hand. 
Chirata, ae, F chirata. 
Chirurgus, -1, M surgeon. 
Chloral, alis, n., or chloral, indecl., N chloral. 
Chloralum, -i, n chlor'al. 
Chloras, -atis, M. (3d deci.) chlorate. [chlorine. 
Chloratus, -a, -um, adj chlorinated, containing 
Chloridum, -i, N chloride. 
Chloroformum, -i, N. (2d deci.) chloroform. 
Chiorum, -i, N. (2ddeci.) chlorine. 
Cholera, -ae, F cholera. 
Chronicus, -a, -um, adj chronic. 
Chrysarobinum, -i, N. (2d deci.) chrysarobin. 
Cibus, -i, m food. 
Cicatrix, -icis, F scar. 
Cimifuga, -ae, f cimifuga, black cohosh. 
Cicuta, -ae, f hemlock. 
Cinchona, -ae, F. (1st deci.) cinchona. 
Cinchonidina, -ae, F. cinchonidin. 
Cinchonina, ae, F cinchonina. 
Cinnamomum, -i, N. (2d deci.) cinnamon. 
Cio, 4, civi, citum, tr move, excite, promote. 
Circa, adv., prep., w. acc about, around. 
Citissime, adv most quickly. 
Cito, adv quickly, speedily, soon. 
Citras, -atis, M. (3d deci.) citrate. 
Citrus, -i, m citrus, lemon-tree. 
Clare, adj clearly. VOCABULARY. 
127 
Clarificatio, -onis, F clarification. 
Ciarus, -a, -uni, adj clear, bright, famous. 
Claudico, 1, , intr halt, be lame. 
Claudo, 3, clausi, clausum, tr close, shut. 
Claudus, -a, -uni, adj lame. 
Cloaca, -ae, F sewer, drain. 
Coagulum, -i, n. (2d deci.) rennet. 
Cocaina, -ae, F cocaine. 
Coccus, -i, m. and f cochineal. 
Cochleare,-is, n. (3d deci.) spoon. 
Coctio, -onis, f cooking, coction. 
Coelum, -i, n sky, heaven. 
Coeo, 4, -ii, -itum, intr combine, unite. 
Coepi, coepisse, (preterit verb) begun, have begun. 
Coerceo, 2, coercui, coercitum, tr check, restrain. 
Cogito, 1, -avi, -atum, tr. and intr think, consider. 
Cognosco, 3, cognovi, cognitum, tr ascertain, learn. 
Cogo, 3, coegi, coactum, tr .force together, collect. 
Cohibeo, 2, -ui, -itum, tr check, restrain. 
Cohors, -ortis, f cohort. 
Colatura, -ae, F filtration; that which has 
Colchicum, -i, n. (2d deci.) colchicum. [been strained. 
Colla, -ae, f glue. 
Collido, 3, -isi, -isum, tr dash, or strike together. 
Collodes, -es, f glue-like. 
Colloquor, colloqui, collocutus sum, dep converse, talk with. 
Collum, -i, n neck. 
Colluvies, -ei, F filth, dirt, washing together 
Colo, 1, avi, atum, tr filter, strain. [of filth. 
Colocynthis, -idis, f. (3d deci.) colocynth. 
Color, -oris, M. (3d deci.) ..color, complexion. 
Colum, -i, n filter, strainer, sieve. 
Columba, -ae, F. (1st deci.) dove, pigeon. 
Comes, -itis, m companion, comrade. 
Commentarium, -i, N commentary. 
Comminuo, 3, -ui, -utum, tr diminish, crush, break into 
Comminutio, -onis, f comminution. [pieces. 
Commisceo, 2, commiscui, commistum, tr mix, mingle together. 
Commodus, -a, -um, adj fit, suitable ; affable. 
Communis, -e, adj common. 
Comparo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr prepare ; match, compare. 
Comperio, 4, -peri, -pertum, tr ascertain, find out. discover. 
Compono, 3, composui, compositum, tr compound, make up. 
Compositio, -onis, F compound composition. 
Compositus, -a, -um, adj compound, composite. 128 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Concido, 3, -idi, -isum, tr cut up, cut to pieces. 
Concipio, 3, concepi, conceptum, tr contract, take, conceive. 
Concoquo, 3, -coxi, -coctum, tr cook, mature, ripen, digest. 
Concordo, 1, -avi, -atum, intr agree. [together. 
Concresco, 3, -crevi, -cretum, intr run together, thicken, grow 
Condensatio, -onis, F condensation. 
Condiscipulus, -i, M .fellow-pupil. 
Conductus, -a, -um, particip induced, persuaded, hired. 
Confectio, -onis, F. (3d deci.) confection, electuary. 
( Con-fero, conferre, contuli, collatum tr bring together, collect. 
f se conferre to betake one's self, go. 
Conficio, 3, confeci, confectum, tr complete, finish. 
Confiteor, -fiteri, -fessus sum, dep confess. 
Congestio, -onis, f congestion. 
Congestivus, -a, -um, adj congestive. 
Congius, -i, m. (2d deci.) a gallon. 
Conhibeo, 2, ui, -itum, tr restrain, ward off. 
Conjecturo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr guess, conjecture. 
Conjectura, -ae, F. [con and jicere] 
throwing together, conject- 
ure, guess. 
Conjicio, 3, conjeci, conjectum, tr throw, cast, fling together. 
Conor, -ari, -atus sum, dep try, attempt, endeavor. 
Considero, 3, -avi, -atum, tr consider, deliberate. 
Consido, 3, consedi, consessum, intr sit down, take a seat. 
Consilium, -i, n 
advice, counsel, plan, pur- 
pose. 
Conspectus, -us, M sight, seeing, view. 
Constat (impersonal) it is agreed, evident, clear. 
Consto, 1, -stiti, -statum, intr make up of, consist of. 
Consumo, 3, consumpsi, consumptum, tr consume, spend. 
Consumptio, -onis, F consumption. 
Contagiosus, -a, -um, adj contagious. 
Contentus, -a, -um, adj contented, satisfied. 
Contero, 3, -trivi, -tritum, tr bruise, pound, mash up. 
Contineo, 2, continui, contentum, tr contain. 
Contingo, 3, contigi, contactum, tr touch, happen. [break. 
Continue, adv continuously, without 
Continuo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr continue, keep on, prolong. 
prep., against, contrary to; 
adv. on the contrary, on 
the other hand. 
Contra, prep. w. acc. and adv 
Contrarius, -a, -um, adj contrary, opposite to. 
Contundo, 3, -tudi, -tusum, tr bruise, crush. 
Contusio, -onis, F contusion, bruise. 
Contusus, -a, -um, particip bruised. VOCABULARY. 
129 
Convalesco, 3, convalui, intr recover health. 
Convallis, -is, f valley. 
Convenio, 4, -eni, -entum, intr meet, come together. 
Convulsio, -onis, f convulsion. 
Convulsivus, -a, -um, adj convulsive. 
Copaiba, -ae, F. (1st deci.) copaiba. 
Copia, -ae, f supply, abundance. 
Coquo, 3, coxi, coctum, tr cook ; boil, bake, fry, etc. 
Cor, cordis, n heart. 
Coriandrum, -i, N coriander. 
Cornu, -us, N. (4th deci.) horn. 
Cornus, -i, F., and -us, f cornus, dogwood. 
Corpus, -oris, n. (3d deci.) body. 
Cortex, -icis, m. (3d deci.) bark, rind, cork. 
Costum, -i, n 
an Indian shrub which 
yields a fragrant ointment. 
Coxa, -ae, F. (1st deci.) hip, haunch. 
Cras, adv to-morrow. 
Crassus, -a, -um, adj coarse, gross. 
Crastinus, -a, -um, adj of to-morrow. 
Creber, -bra, -brum, adj frequent, repeated. 
Credo, 3, credidi, creditum credit, believe. 
Cresco, 3, crevi, cretum, intr grow, increase. 
Creta, -ae, f. (1st deci.) chalk. 
Creticus, -a, -um, adj of Crete, Cretan. 
Cribro, 1, -avi, -atum, tr sift. 
Cribrum, -i, n sieve. 
Crocus, -i, m saffron. 
Crucio, 1, -avi, -atum, tr torture. 
Crudelis, -e, adj cruel. 
Crudus, -a, -um, adj raw, crude. 
Cruentus, -a, -um, adj bloody. 
Crus, cruris, N. (3d deci.) leg. 
Crystallus, -i, m. (2d deci.) crystal. 
Cubans, -antis, adj lying sick, patient. 
Cubeba, -ae, f. (1st deci.) cubeb. 
Cucumis, -eris, m cucumber, [cupping-glass. 
Cucurbita, se-, f gourd, watermelon plant; 
Cucurbitula, -se, F.... cupping-glass. 
Culpa, -se, f .fault, blame. 
Culter, -tri, M knife. 
Cum, prep, (abi.) with. 
Cupreus, -a, -um, adj of copper, copper. 
Cur, adv why. 
Cura, -se, f care. 130 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Curatio, -onis, F taking care ; curing, cure. 
Curo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr care for, cure, dress. 
Cursor, -oris, M runner. 
Cutis, -is, f skin, complexion. 
Cyathus, -i, m. (2d decl.) small cup, wine glass. 
Cylindratus, -a, -um, adj cylindrical. 
I» 
Damnum, -i, n loss, damage. 
Daucum, -i, n. (2d deci.) carrot. 
De, prep, (abl.) concerning, about. 
Debeo, 2, debui, debitum, tr owe, ought. 
Debilis, -e, adj feeble, weak. 
Decantatio, -onis, f pouring off, racking. 
Decanto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr rack off, decant. 
Decern, adj ten. [right. 
Decet, 2, decuit, impersonal it becomes, is fitting, is 
Decido, 3, -idi, intr fall down, fall from.. 
Decimus, -a, -um, adj tenth. 
Decoctio,-onis, f cooking down, boiling 
Decoctum, -i, N. (:3d deci.) decoction. [away. 
Decoquo, 3, -coxi, -coctum, tr cook down, boil away. 
Dedecus, -oris, N disgrace, shame. 
Defaeco, 1, -avi, -atum, tr drain off, rack. 
Defervefacio, 3, -feci, -factum, tr heat thoroughly. 
Defessus, -a, -um, adj tired out, weary. 
Defingo, 3, -finxi, tr form, shape. 
Definio, 4, -ivi, -ii, -itum, tr define. [down. 
Deflagratio, -onis, f conflagration, burning 
Defluo, 3, -uxi, intr .flow down, fall off. 
Defundo, 3, -udi, -usum, tr pour out or off. 
Degusto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr toste. 
Dein, adv 
Deinde, adv 
then, after that. 
Delenimentum, -i, N soothing application. 
Deleo, 2, -evi, -etum tr destroy. 
Deligo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr bind, tie. 
Deminuo, 3, -ui, -utum, tr diminish. [down. 
Demitto, 3, -isi, -issum, tr send, let, cast, or throw 
Demonstro, 1, -avi, -atum, tr point out, show, prove. 
Denique, adv finally, lastly. 
Dens, dentis, m. (3d deci.) tooth. 
Densus, -a, -um, adj dense, crowded. VOCABULARY. 
131 
Denuo, adv. [de and novo] anew, again. 
Deprimo, 3, -pressi, -pressum, tr press down, sink. 
Depsticius, -a, -um adj kneaded. 
Depuro, 1, -avi, -atum, tr purify. 
Derivatio, -onis, f derivation. 
Derivo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr. derive. 
Descendo, 3, descendi, descensum, intr descend, go down. 
Desideratus, -a, -um, partic desired, longed for. 
Desidero, 1, -avi, -atum, tr long for, want, desire. 
Desiccatio, -onis, F desiccation, drying. 
Desicco, 1, -avi, -atum, tr dry, make dry. 
Desisto, 3, -stiti, -stitum, intr cease, desist. 
Despero, 1, -avi, -atum, intr despair. 
Despumatus, -a, -um, adj clarified. 
Destillatio, -onis, F. (3d deci.) distillation. 
Destillatus, -a, -um, adj distilled. 
Destillo, 1, -avi, -atum, intr distil, drop. 
Desudo, 1, -avi, -atum, intr sweat greatly. 
Detraho, 3, -axi, -actum, tr draw, take away. 
Devoro, 1, -avi, -atum, tr swallow whole, devour. 
Dexter, -tra, -trum, and -tera, -terum, adj right. 
Diagnosis, -is, F diagnosis. 
Diaphoresis, -is, F perspiration. 
Dico, 3, dixi, dictum, tr say, speak, declare. 
Dies, -ei, M. (5th deci.) day. 
Dif-fero, -ferre, distuli, dilatum [dis, apart, 
and ferre to bear] 
bear apart, scatter, put 
off- 
Difficilis, -e, adj difficult. 
Digeratio, -onis, f arranging, digestion. 
Digero, 3, -gessi, -gestum, tr distribute, arrange, digest. 
Digestio, -onis, f distribution, digestion. 
Digitalis, -is, f. (3d deci.) digitalis, fox-glove. 
Digitus, -i, m. (2d deci.) .finger. 
Diligens, -entis, adj diligent, attentive, careful. 
Diligenter, adv diligently, carefully. 
Dilutus, -a, -um, adj diluted, weakened. 
Dimidia, -a, F half. 
Dimidium, -i, N. (2d deci.) half. 
Dimidius, -a, -um, adj halved, half. 
Diphtheria, -se, F diphtheria. 
Discedo, 3, cessi, -cessum, intr go away, depart, separate. 
Discipulis, -i, m pupil, scholar. 
Disco, 3, didici learn. 
Dispensatio, -onis, f weighing out, dispensing. 
Dispensatorium, -i, N dispensatory. 132 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Dissipo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr scatter, waste. 
Distentio, -onis, f stretching, distention. 
Distero, 3, -trivi, tr rub, grind well. [time. 
Diu, adv a long time; in the day- 
Diurnus, -ae, -um, adj in the daytime, by day. 
Diversus, -a, -um, adj opposed, diverse, contrary. 
Dives, -itis, adj rich. 
Divitiae, -arum, f riches, wealth. 
Divido, 3, -visi, -visum, tr divide. 
Do, 1, dare, dedi, datum, tr give. 
Doceo, 2, docui, doctum, tr teach. 
Doctus, -a, -um, adj learned. 
Doleo, 2, -ui, -itum, tr. and intr grieve, be in pain. 
Dolor, -oris, m. (3d deci.) pain, smart, grief. 
Dolorosus, -a, -um, adj painful. 
Dolus, -i, m wile, trick. 
Domesticus, -a, -um, adj domestic. 
Dominus, -i, m master, proprietor. 
Domus, -us, F. (4th and 2d deci.) house, acc. home ; domi, at 
Donee, conj until, as long as. [home. 
Dormio, 4, -ivi, and -ii, -itum, intr sleep. 
Dosis, -is, F. (3d deci.) dose. 
Drachma, -ae, f. (1st deci.) drachm. 
Drama, -atis, n drama, play. 
Dubito, 1, -avi, -atum, intr doubt, be uncertain. 
Dubius, -a, -um, adj doubtful, be uncertain. 
Duco, 3, duxi, ductum, tr lead. 
Dulcis, -e, adj sweet, pleasant. 
Dum, conj. and adv while, as long as, until. 
Duo, -ae, -o, adj two. 
Duplex, -icis, adj double, twofold. 
Durus, -a, -um, adj hardy, tough, rugged. 
Dux, ducis, m leader. 
Dyspepsia, -a, F dyspepsia. 
Dyspepticus, -ae, -um, adj. and noun dyspeptic. 
Dyspnoea, -ae, F. (1st deci.) difficulty of breathing. 
E 
E, ex, prep, (abl.) out of, from. 
Ebullio, 4, -ivi, -ii, tr. and intr boil, bubble up. 
Ebur, oris, n ivory. 
Edo, edere and esse, edi, esum, tr eat. 
Educo, 3, eduxi, eductum, tr lead out, draw out. 
Effectus, -us, M 'ffiect, power, efficacy. VOCABULARY. 
133 
Ef-fero, efferre, extuli, elatum, tr carry out, bear forth. 
Effervesco, 3, efferbui, tr. and intr effervesce, begin to boil. 
Efficio, 3, effeci, effectum, tr cause, make effect. 
Effugio, 3, effugi, effugitum, tr. and intr -flee, escape. 
Effundo, 3, effudi, effusum, tr pour out, empty. 
Effusio, -onis, f pouring out or off. 
Egeo, 2, egui, intr need, want. 
Ego, mei, etc I. 
Elabor, 3, elabi, elapsus sum, dep slide or slip away, escape. 
Elasticus, -a, -um, adj elastic, stretching. 
Elaterium, -i, N. (2d deci.) wild cucumber, elaterium. 
Elatus, -a, -um, partic, fr. effero elated, uplifted. 
Electuarium, -i, N. (2d deci.) electuary, confection. 
Electus, -a, -um, partic., fr. eligo chosen, selected. 
Elegans, -antis, adj elegant. 
Elicio, 3, -cui, -citum, tr ..draw out, elicit. 
Elixir, -iris, N. (3d deci.) elixir. 
Elixus, -a, -um, adj boiled. 
Emeticum, -i, N. (2d deci.) an emetic. 
Emeticus, -a, -um, adj emetic. 
Emissio, -onis, f sending or letting out, emis- 
Emo, 3, emi, emptum buy. [sion. 
Emolliens, -entis, adj emollient, softening. 
Emollio, 4, -ivi, -ii. -itum, tr soften, make tender. 
Empiricus, -i, m empiric, quack. 
Emplastrum, -i, N. (2d deci.) plaster. 
Emptor, -oris, m buyer, purchaser. 
Emulsum, -i, N emulsion. 
En, interj Io ! see ! look there! 
Enema, -atis, N. (3d deci.) clyster, injection. 
Enim, conj -for, namely. 
Eo, ire, ivi, and ii, itum, intr go. 
Epispasticus. -a, -um, adj blistering. 
Epistomium,-i, N stopper, stop-cock, stopple. 
Equa, -ae, F. (1st deci.) dat. andabl. plur. equabus.a mare. 
Equidem, conj indeed, truly. 
Equus, -i, M. (2d deci.) a horse. 
Ergota, -ae, F. (1st deci.) ergot. 
Erigo, 3, erexi, erectum, tr erect, prick up. 
Erro, 1, -avi, -atum, intr.... err, make a mistake. 
Error, oris, M error, mistake. 
Erudio, 4, -ivi and -ii, -itum, tr instruct. 
Eruditus, -a, -um, adj learned, refined, civilized. 
Erumpo, 3, -rupi, -ruptum, tr. and intr break forth, cause to break 
Ervum, -i, n pulse, vetch. [forth. 134 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Erythroxylon, -i, n. (2d deci.) erythroxylon, coca. 
Essentia, -ae, F. (1st deci.) essence. 
Etiam, adv. and conj also. 
Euonymus, -i, F. (2d deci.) wahoo, euonymus. 
Eupatorium, -i, n thoroughwort,eupatorium. 
Evaporatio, -onis, F evaporation. 
Evaporo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr evaporate. 
Eventus, -us, m event, result. 
Exactus, -a, -um, part, adj exact, precise. 
Excelsus, -a, -um, adj tall, high. 
Excerpo, 3, -psi, -ptum, tr takeout, select. 
Excipio, 3, -cepi, -ceptum. tr receive, except. 
Excipulum, -i, N, receptacle. 
Excito, 1, -avi, -atum, tr ....excite, raise up. 
Exclamo, 1, -avi, -atum exclaim, cry out. 
Excorio, 1, -avi, -atum, tr skin, flay. 
Exedo, 3, -edi, -esum, tr eat up, consume. 
Exeo, 4, -ii, -itum, intr go out. 
Exerceo, 2, exercui, exercitum, tr exercise, practice, train. 
Exercitatio, -onis, F exercise. 
Exhaurio, 4, -hausi, -haustum, tr draw off, exhaust. 
Exhibeo, 2, -ui, -itum, tr give, offer to, show. 
Exigo, 3, -egi, exactum, tr exact, demand. 
Eximius, -a, -um, adj remarkable. 
Eximo, 3, -emi, -emptum, tr take out, except. 
Existimo, 1, -avi. -atum, tr think, estimate. 
Expectatus, -a, -um, part, adj expected. 
Expecto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr expect, wait for. 
Experientia, -ae, F experience. 
Experimentum, -i, n experiment. 
Experior, 4, -periri, -pertus sum, dep test, make use of. 
Expertus, -a, -um, adj experienced, skillful. 
Explico, 1, -avi, -atum, tr unfold, explain. 
Exprimo, 3, -pressi, -pressum, tr express, press out. 
Exseco, 1, -secui, -sectum, tr cut out, cut away. 
Exsiccatus, -a, -um, part dried out, dry. 
Exsicco, 1, -avi, -atum, tr dry, dry out. 
Exsugo, 3 -suxi, -suctum, tr suck out. 
Extendo, 3, -di, -turn and -sum. tr stretch out, extend. 
Extractum, -i, N. (2d deci.) extract. 
Extraho, 3 -traxi, tractum, tr draw out, extract. VOCABULARY. 
135 
F 
Faba, -ae, f bean. 
Fabrica, -as, F workshop, manufactory. 
Fabrico, 1, -avi, -atom, tr make, fabricate. 
Fabula, -as, F fable, story. 
Fabulus, -i, M a small bean. 
Facile, adv easily. 
Facilis, -e, adj easy. 
Facio, 3, feci, factum, tr made, do. 
Fallax, -acis, adj fallacious, deceitful. 
Fallo, 3, fefelli, falsum, tr deceive, disappoint, miss. 
Falx, -cis, f sickle. 
Fama, -ae, F report. 
Familia, -ae, F family, household. 
Farina, -ae, F .flour, meal. 
Fascia, -ae, F bandage. 
Fasciculus, -i, M package, bundle. 
Fastidio, 4, -ivi and -ii, -itum, tr scorn, disdain. 
Fastidiosus, -a, -um, adj fastidious, dainty. 
Fatalis, -e, adj .fatal. 
Faux, faucis, F gullet, pharynx, throat. 
Febricito, 1, -avi, -atum, intr be ill of fever, have fever. 
Febricula, -ae, F. (1st deci.) light fever. 
Febrilis, -e, adj febrile, causing fever. 
Febris, -is, F. (3d deci.) fever. 
Fei, fellis, n. (3d deci.) gall. 
Femina, -ae, F woman, female. 
Fere, adv almost. 
Fermentum, -i, N cause of ferment, leaven. 
Ferreus, -a, -um, adj of iron, iron. 
Ferrum, -i, N. (2d deci.) iron. 
Ferve, adv hotly. 
Fervens, -entis, adj., part hot, boiling. 
Fervidus, -a, -um, adj hot, boiling. 
Fervo, 3, fervi be hot, burn, glow. 
Festino, 1, -avi, -atum, tr. and intr hasten. 
Ficus, -i and -us, f fig-tree, Jig. 
Fideliter, adv faithfully. 
Fidus, -a, -um, adj faithful, trusty. 
Filia, -ae, f daughter. 
Filius, -i, m. (2d deci.) son. 
Filtro, 1, -avi, -atum, tr .... filter. 
Filum, -i, N thread, fine line. 136 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Finio, 4 -ivi, -ii, -itum, tr e nd, finish 
Finis, -is, M end, limit. 
Fio, fieri, factus sum make, be made, become 
Firme, adv firmly. 
Fixus, -a, -um, adj. part fixed, established. 
Flagellum, -i, N scourge, lash. 
Flavesco, 3, , intr grow yellow, be yellow 
Fleo, 2, -flevi, -fletum, intr. and tr weep bewail. 
Flexilis, -e, adj .flexible. [successful. 
Florens, -entis, adj., part flourishing, prosperous, 
Flos, -oris, M. (3d deci.) flower 
Fluidus, -a, -um, adj fluid, flowing. 
Fluo, 3, fluxi, fluxum, intr flow. 
Fluor, -oris, M fluidity, flowing, flux. 
Fluxus, -us, M a flowing, flux. 
Focus, -i, M hearth. 
Foeniculum, -i. N . fennel. 
Folium, -i, N. (2d deci ) leaf. 
Fons, fontis, M .fountain, spring, well. 
Fontanus, -a, -um, adj of fountain, fountain. 
Foramen, -inis, N opening, hole, [of motion. 
Foras, adv out of doors, out (with verbs 
Formo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr form, mould, fashion. 
Formula, -ae, f. (1st deci.) formula, rule. 
Fors, fortis, f chance. 
Forsan, adv .perhaps. 
Fortis, -e, adj brave, bold. 
Foveo, 2, fovi, fotum, tr nourish, foster, warm. 
Fractura, -ae, F .fracture, break. 
Fractus, -a, -um, adj., part, adj broken. 
Fragilis, -e, adj brittle, fragile. («ton. 
Fragor, -oris, M a breaking, noise, explo- 
Frango, 3, -fregi, -fractum, tr break, fracture. 
Frater, -tris, m. (3d deci.] brother. 
Frigidus, -a ,-um, adj cold. 
Frons, frontis, F forehead, brow. 
Fructus, -us, M fruit, enjoyment. 
Frumentum, -i, N. (2d deci.) corn, grain. 
Fruor, frui, fruitus or fructus sum, dep enjoy. 
Frustra, adv in vain. 
Fuligo, -inis, F soot. 
Funda, -ae, F bag. 
Fundamentum, -i, N foundation, base. 
Funditus, adv from the foundation. 
Fundus, -i, m bottom. VOCABULARY. 
137 
Fuscus, -a, -um, adj dark brown. 
Fusio, -ouis, .fusion, melting. 
Galla, -te, F. (1st deci.) oak-apple, nutgall. 
Gallicus, -a, -um, adj of Gaul, French. 
Gaultheria, -ae, F. (1st deci.) wintergreen, gaultheria. 
Gelatina, -ae, F., and gelatinum, -i, N gelatin. 
Gelsemium, -i, N. (2d deci.) gelsemium. 
Gelu, -us, or -u, n frost, cold. 
Gener, generi, son-in-law. 
Gentiana, -ae, F. (1st deci.) gentian. 
Genu, us, N. (4th deci.) knee. 
Genus, -eris, kind, sort, race. 
Geranium, i, N. (2d deci.) geranium. 
Germanus, -a, -um, adj., (or Germanicus) German. 
Germen, -inis, germ, bud. 
Gigno, 3, genui, genitum, tr beget, bear, produce. 
Glaber, -bra, -brum, adj smooth, bald, bare. 
Gladius, -i, m sword. 
Glucosa, -ae, F. glucose. 
Gluten, -inis, n gluten, glue. 
Glutiuo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr glue, paste, close up. 
Glycerinum, -i, N. (2d deci.) glycerin. 
Glyceritum, -i, n. (2d deci.) glycerite. 
Glycyrrhiza, -ae, F. (1st deci.) liquorice. 
Gossypium, -i, N. (2d deci.) cotton. 
Gradatim, adv little by little, gradually. 
Gradus, -us, m grade, step. 
Graecus, -a, -um, adj Greek, Grecian. 
Gramen, -inis, n. (3d deci.) grass. 
Granulatio, -onis, f granulation. 
Granum, -i, N. (2d deci.) grain. 
Gratia, -ae, f grace, favor. 
Gratiam habere to be grateful. 
Gratus, -a, -um, adj acceptable, pleasing. 
Gravis, -e, adj heavy, grave, disagreeable. 
Guaiacum, -i, N. (2d deci.) guiacum. 
Gummi, indecl., and gummis, -is, F gum. 
Gummosus, -a, -um, adj of gum, gummy. 
Gusto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr taste. 
Gutta, -ae, F. (1st deci.) drop. 138 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
II 
Habeo, 2, -ui, -itum, tr have, hold, possess. 
Habito, 1, -avi, -atum, intr reside, live, abide. 
Haematites, -ae, M bloodstone, hiematite. 
Haematoxylon, -i, N logwood, hcematoxylon. 
Haereo, 2, haesi, haesum, intr stick, adhere. 
Haud, adv not, by no means. 
Haustus, -us, m drink, draught. 
Hedeoma, -ae, F pennyroyal, hedeoma. 
Hemina, -ae, F half-.pint. 
Herba, -ae, F herb, grass, plant. 
Heri, adv yesterday. 
Hic, haec, hoc this. 
Hiems, hiemis, f winter. 
Hilaris, -e, adj cheerful, jovial, merry. 
Hircinus, -a, -um, adj of a goat, goatskin. 
Hirudo, -inis, f leech, bloodsucker. 
Hirundo, -inis, F swallow. 
Hispanicus, -a, -um. adj Spanish. 
Hodie, adv to-day. 
Hodiernus, -a, -um, adj of to-day. 
Homo, hominis, M. (3d deci.) man. human being. 
Hora, -ae, F. (1st deci.). an hour. 
Horribilis, -e, adj horrible, dreadful, fright- 
Huc, adv hither. [Jul. 
Hujus-modi (hie and modus) of this sort or kind. 
Humanus, -a, -um, adj human. 
Humecto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr moisten. 
Hydrargyrum, -i, N. (2d deci.) mercury. 
Hydrastis, -is, F. (3d deci.) hydrastis. 
Hydrometrum, -i, n hydrometer. 
Hydrophobia, -ae, f hydrophobia, fear of water. 
Hyoscyamus, -i, m. (2d deci.) hyoscyamus, henbane. 
Hypocistis, -idis, f hypocistis. 
Hypogastrium, -i, N .. stomach, belly. 
Hypophosphis, itis, m hypophosphite. 
I 
Ibi, adv there. 
Idem, eadem, idem, pro the same. 
Ideo, adv ... therefore, then. 
Idoneus, -a, -um, adj suitable, Jit, proper. VOCABULARY. 
139 
Igitur, conj .for this reason, therefore. 
Ignarus, -a, -um not knowing, stupid. 
Ignatia, -ae, f. (1st deci.) ignatia (bean). 
Ignis, -is, M. (3d deci.) fire. 
Ignitio, onis, f ignition, a burning. 
Ignorantia, -se, f ignorance. 
Ignosco, 3, -ovi, -otum, intr. (w. dat.) pardon, forgive. 
Ilie, -a, -ud, pron that, he, she, etc. 
Illino, 3, illevi, illitum, tr smear, daub. [kind. 
Illius-modi of that sort, of such a sort, 
Illuc, adv thither, in that direction. 
Illustris, -e, adj light, clear, bright. 
Immaturus, -a, -um, adj immature, unripe. 
Immitto, 3, -misi, -missum, tr send in, put in. 
Immo, adv yes, certainly. 
Immundus, -a, -um, adj unclean, dirty, filthy. 
Impedio, 4, ivi, or -ii, -itum, tr impede, hinder. 
Imperator, -oris, m. (3d deci) commander, emperor. 
Imperitus, -a, -um, adj inexperienced, unskilful. 
Impero, 1, -avi, -atum, intr. and tr command, order. 
Impetus, -us, m attack, shock, force. 
Impiger, -gra, -grum, adj active, diligent. 
Impleo, 2, -evi, -etum, tr .fill. 
Impono, 3, -posui, -positum, tr put in, or on ; place in. 
Impraegno, 1, -avi, -atum, tr impregnate. 
Impurus, -a, -um, adj impure. 
Imus, -a, -um, adj. (superl. of inferus.) deepest, lowest. 
In, p. (acc. and abl.) into ; in, on. 
Inaequalis, -e, adj unequal, uneven. 
Inaequaliter, adv unequally. 
Inattentus, -a, -um, adj inattentive. 
Incanto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr sing, charm. 
Incido, 3, -cidi, -cisum, tr cut, cut into. 
Incido, 3, -cidi, -casum, intr .fall upon, happen, occur. 
Incineratio, -onis, f reducing to ashes. 
Incipio, 3, -cepi, -ceptum, tr. and intr begin, take in hand. 
Includo, 3, -clusi, -clusum, tr include, shut in. 
Inde, adv thence, from that time. 
Indico, 3, -avi, -atum, tr indicate, show. 
Indo, 3, -didi, -ditum, tr set, put, or place in. 
Indoctus, -a, -um, adj untaught, ignorant. 
Induco, 3, -duxi, , ductum, tr lead or bring in, induce. 
Indus, -a, -um, adj Indian. 
Ineo, 4, inii, initum enter, go in. 
Ineptus, -a, -um, adj undiscerning, foolish. 140 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Inexpertus, -a, -um, adj inexperienced. 
Infelix, -icis, adj unhappy, unfortunate. 
Infero, -ferre, -tuli, illatum, tr bring in; cause, make. 
Inferus, -a, -um, adj low. 
Infirmus, -a, -um. adj infirm, weak. 
Inflammatio, -onis, F inflammation. 
Inflatus, -a, -um, adj. part swollen, inflated. 
Infra, prep, (accus.) below. 
Infundo, 3, -fudi, -fusum, tr pour in, or upon. 
Infusio, -onis, F infusion. 
Ingravesco, 3, , intr grow heavy, become worse. 
Ingredior, 3, -gredi, -gressus sum, dep enter, begin. 
Inimicus, -i, m enemy. 
Inimicus, -a, -um, adj unfriendly, hostile. 
Initium, -i, N beginning. 
Injicio, 3, -jeci, -jectum, tr inject, cast in; put on. 
Injucundus, -a, -um, adj unpleasant, disagreeable. 
Injuria, -ae, injury, wrong. 
Inquino, 1, -avi, -atum, tr contaminate, deprave. 
Inquam, irreg Isay ("says I"). 
Inrasus, -a, -um, part, from rnrado scraped, grated (" grated 
Inscientia, -ae, F ignorance. [in "). 
Inscius, -a, -um, adj not knowing. 
Inscribo, 3, -scripsi, -scriptum, tr inscribe. 
Insomniosus, -a, -um, adj sleepless, wakeful. 
Inspecto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr inspect, examine. 
Inspergo, 3, -spersi, -spersum, tr sprinkle on, or in. 
Inspicio, 3, -spexi, -spectum, tr inspect, look into. 
Instillo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr drop in, instil. 
Instrumentum, -i, N instrument. 
Insula, -ae, f island. 
Intelligo, 3, -lexi, -lectum, tr understand, perceive. 
Intendo, 3, intendi, intentum, tr apply, direct. 
Inter, prep. w. acc between, among. 
Interdum, adv sometimes, now and then. 
Interficio, 3, -feci, -fectum, tr kill, slay. 
Interim, adv meanwhile. 
Interior, -oris, adj. comp, deg interior, inner. 
Intermissio, -onis, F intermission. 
Internus, -a, -um, adj internal, interior. 
Interpretatio, -onis, f interpretation, explana- 
Interrogo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr question, examine. [tion. 
Intersum, interesse, interfui be between ; differ. 
Intervallum, -i, n interval, space. 
Interventio, -onis, F intervention. VOCABULARY. 
141 
Intra, prep, (accus.) inside of, within. 
Intro, 1, -avi, -atum enter. 
Intueor, 2, -tueri, -tuitus sum, dep look at, or upon. 
Intumeseo, 3, intumui, intr swell. 
Intybus, -i, m and f endive, succory. 
Invenio, 4, -veni, -ventum, tr invent, find, discover. 
Investigatio, -onis, F investigation. 
Investigo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr investigate, find. 
Invitus, -a, -um, adj unwilling. 
Involvo, 3, involvi, involutum, tr wrap up, involve. 
lodidum, -i, n. (2d deci.) iodide. 
Iodum, -i, n. (2d deci.) iodine. 
Ipecacuanha, -ae, F. (1st deci.) ipecac. 
Ipse, -a, -um, pron. intensive himself, herself, etc. 
Ira, -ae, F anger. 
Iratus, -a, -um, adj angry. 
Irinus, -a, -um, adj of iris. 
Iris, idis, F. (3d deci.) iris. 
Irritatio, -onis, F irritation. 
Is, ea, id, pron this, that, he, she, it. 
Iste, ista, istud, pron that man, that woman, etc 
Ita, adv so, thus. 
Itaque, conj and so, and thus, therefore. 
Item, adv likewise, in like manner. 
Iterum, adv again. 
J 
Jacio, jeci, jactum, tr throw. 
Jacto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr throw often ; boast. 
Jalapa, -ae, F. (1st deci.) .jalap. 
Jam, adv now, already. 
Jamaica, -ae, F Jamaica. 
Jam-jam another form of jam. 
Jecur, jecoris, n. (3d deci.) liver. 
Jejunus, -a, -um, adj hungry, fasting. 
Jubeo, 2, jussi, jussum, tr order, command. 
Jucundus, -a, -um, adj pleasing, joyful. 
Juglans, juglandis, f. (3d deci.) walnut. 
Juncus, -i, M bulrush. 
Junior, -oris, adj ..younger,junior. 
Jurgo, 1, -avi, -atum, intr quarrel, wrangle. 
Jurulentus, -a, -um, adj in broth, in gravy. 
Jus, juris, n law. 142 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Jusjurandum, jurisjurandi, n oath. 
Jussus, -us, M order, command. 
Justus, -a, -um, adj -just, right. 
Juvenis, -is, m. and F a youth, young. 
Juxta, prep, (accus.) near, next to. 
K 
Kali, indecl., N kali, potash. 
Kansensis, -e, adj of Kansas, Kansan. 
Krameria, -ae, f. (1st deci.) krameria. 
Labor, -oris, m labor, toil. 
Laboro, 1, -avi, -atum, intr labor, work. 
Lac, lactis, N. (3d deci.) milk. 
Lacertus, -i, m lizard, newt. 
Lacrima, -ae, F tear. 
Lactas, -atis, m. (3d deci.) lactate. 
Lactometrum, -i, N lactometer. 
Lactophosphas, -atis, M. (3d deci.) lactophosphate. 
Lactuca, -ae, F lettuce. 
Lactucarium, -i, N lactucarium. 
Laedo, 3, laesi, laesum, tr hurt, injure. 
Laetus, -a, -um, adj glad, joyful. 
Laevus, -a, -um, adj left. 
Lamina, -ae, F plate, blade. 
Languesco, 3, langui, intr languish, grow faint. 
Lanius, -i, m butcher. 
Lapis, -idis, m. (3d deci.) stone. 
Lappa, -ae, F burdock. 
Laserpitium, -i, N laserpitium. 
Lassus, -a, -um, adj tired, weary. 
Latine, adv in Latin. 
Latinus, -a, -um, adj Latin. 
Latus, eris, N. (3d deci.) side, flank. 
Laudo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr praise. 
Laureus, -a, -um, adj of laurel. 
Lavandula, -ae, f lavender. 
Lavo, 1, lavavi, often lavi, lavatum, lautum, and 
lotum, tr wash, bathe. VOCABULARY. 
143 
Laxo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr loosen, relax. 
Lebes, -etis, m caldron, kettle, basin. 
Lego, 3, legi, lectum, tr pick, cull, read. 
Legislator, -oris, M legislator. 
Lenio, 4, -ivi, or -ii, -itum, tr soothe, cairn, assuage. 
Lenis, -e, adj light, gentle, mild. 
Leniter, adv gently, slowly, moderately. 
Lente, adv slowly. 
Lenticula, -se, F lentil. 
Lentus, -a, -um, adj tough, sticky ; slow. 
Leporinus, -a, - um, adj of a hare. 
Leptandra, -ae, F. (1st deci.) leptandra. 
Letalis, -e, adj deadly. 
Letifer, -fera, -ferum, adj death-bringing, deadly. 
Levamentum, -i, n relief, alleviation. • 
Levigatio, -onis, F levigation, trituration of 
Leviter, adv lightly, [moist substances. 
Levis, -e, adj light, quick. 
Levo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr lighten, relieve. 
Lex, legis, f law. 
Libellus, -i, m list, small writing. 
Libenter, adv freely, gladly, willingly. 
Libero, 1, -avi, -atum, tr liberate, free. 
Liber, -bri, m. (2d deci.) book. 
Libra, -ae, F. (1st deci.) pound, balance. 
Libum, -i, n cake, cheese-cake. [may. 
Licet, 2, licuit, impersonal it is permitted, is lawful, 
Ligneus, -a, -um, adj wooden, of wood. 
Lignum, -i, n. (2d deci.) wood. 
Limon, -onis, f. (3d deci.) lemon. 
Limpidus, -a, -um, adj limpid, clear. 
Lingua, -ae, F tongue, language. 
Linimentum, -i, n. (2d deci.) liniment. 
Linum, -i, N linen, of flax. 
Liquefacio, 3, -feci, -factum, tr melt, dissolve. 
Liquidus, -a, -um, adj liquid. 
Liquo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr liquefy, melt. 
Liquor, -oris, m. (3d deci.) liquor, fluid, liquid. 
Lis, litis, f strife, contention. 
Lobelia, -ae, F. (1st deci.) lobelia. 
Locus, -i, m place. 
Longus, -a, -um, adj long, tedious. 
Lotio, -onis, F. (3d deci.) lotion, wash. 
Ludo, 3, lusi, lusum, tr. and intr play, sport. 
Ludus, -i, m -play, game, school. 144 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Lumbus, 4, m loin. [flowers.) 
Lupulinum, -i, N lupulin (found in hop 
Lux, lucis, f. (3d deci.) light. 
Luxo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr displace, put out of joint. 
Luxum, 4, N dislocation. 
Lytta, -ae f. (1st deci.) Spanish fly. 
M 
Maceratio, -onis, f maceration. 
Macero, 1, -avi, -atum, tr macerate, soak. [sieve. 
Macula, -ae, F sP°l, mesh in net, or in 
Madefacio, 3, -feci, -factum, tr wet, make wet, moisten. 
Madidus,-a, -um, adj wet, moist, soaked. 
Magister, -tri, M. (2d deci.) master, teacher. 
Magisterium, 4, N instruction, advice. 
Magnesia, -ae, F. (1st deci.) magnesia. 
Magnitudo, -inis, M. (3d deci.) magnitude, size. 
Magnus, -a, -um, adj large, great. 
Malabathrum, -i, n malobathrum. 
Malagma, -atis, N emollient, poultice, cata- 
Male, adv badly, ill. [plasm. 
Malignus, -a, -um, adj malignant, evil. 
Malo, malle, malui be more willing, prefer, 
Malum, -i, N apple. [would rather. 
Malus, -a, -um, adj bad, evil, wicked. [tion. 
Mandatum, -i, M mandate, command, direc- 
Mando, 1, -avi, -atum, tr entrust, consign, commit. 
Mane, indecl. n morning. 
Maneo, 2, mansi, mansum, intr remain, stay. 
Manifestus, -a, -um, adj manifest, plain. 
Manus, -us, M hand. 
Marinus, -a, -um, adj marine, of the sea. 
Marrubium, -i, n horehound. 
Marsupium, -i, n purse. 
Masculus, -a, -um, adj male, strong. 
Massa, -ae, F. (1st deci.) mass, doughy mixture. 
Massahydrargyri blue mass. 
Mastico, 1, -avi, -atum, tr masticate, chew. 
Mater, -tris, F. (3d deci.) mother. 
Maternus, -a, -um, adj maternal, mother. 
Maturo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr. and intr mature, ripen soften. 
Maturus, -a, -um, adj mature, ripe. VOCABULARY. 
145 
Maxime, adv most, greatly. 
Medeor, 2, -eri,-dep heal, cure. 
Medicamentarius, -a, -um, adj. and n of medicine ; a druggist. 
Medicamentum, -i, N. (2d deci.) drug, medicine. 
Medicamentosus, -a, -um, adj medicinal. 
Medicatus, -i, M medicated. 
Medicinalis, -e, adj medicinal, of medicine 
Medicor, 1, -ari, -atus sum, dep heal, cure. 
Medicus, -i, M physician. 
Medius,-a,-um, adj middle, intermediate, me- 
Mel, mellis, x. (3d deci.) honey. [dium. 
Memini, meminisse, preterit verb remember. 
Membrum, -i, x member, limb. 
Mens, mentis, F mind, disposition. 
Mensis, -is M. (3d deci.) month. 
Menstruum, -i, N menstruum, solvent. 
Mensura, -ae, f measure, volume. 
Mentha, -ae, F. (1st deci.) mint. 
Mentha piperita, -ae, F. (1st deci.) peppermint. 
Meracus, -a, -um, adj pure, unmixed. 
Mercator, -oris, M wholesale merchant. 
Merces, -edis, F hire, wages. 
Mereo, 2, -ui, -itum, tr : merit, deserve. 
Mereor, 2, -eri, -itus sum, dep merit, deserve. 
Mersus, -a, -um, partic. adj sunk, immersed. 
Metior, 4, -iri, -itus sum dep measure. 
Metuo, 3, -ui, tr. and intr be afraid. 
Metus, -us, M .fear. 
Meus, -a, -um, pro my, mine. 
Mica, -ae, f. (1st deci.) crumb, bit, piece. 
Miles, -itis, f soldier. 
Mille, adj thousand. 
Mimosa, -ae, f mimosa. 
Mineralis, -e, adj mineral. 
Minimum, -i, x. (2d deci.) minim. 
Minium, -i, x red-lead. 
Minuo, 3, -ui, -utum, tr diminish, lessen. 
Minutim, adv minutely, in small pieces. 
Minutus, -a, -um, adj minute, small. 
Mirabilis, -e, adj wonderful 
Mirus, -a, -um, adj wonderful, strange. 
Misceo, 2, miscui, mixtum and mistum, tr mix, mingle. 
Miser, -era, -erum, adj miserable, poor, wretched. 
Miseria, -ae, f misery, distress. 
Mistura,-ae, F. (also mixtura) (1st deci.) mixture. 146 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Misy, yos, an js, n i 
a kind of truffle; also a kind 
of mineral, perhaps vitriol. 
Mitis, -e, adj mild, gentle. 
Mitto, 3, misi, missum, tr send. 
Moderate, adv moderately. 
Modice, adj moderately. 
Modo, adv only, but. [at another. 
Modo modo, (now now) now-then; at one time. 
Modus, -i, m. (2d deci.) mode, manner, way. 
Mola, -ae, F mill. 
Moles, -is, F mass, bulk. 
Molestus, -a, -um, adj ..., troublesome, annoying. 
Mollio, 4, mollivi, and mollii, mollitum, tr soften, ease, soothe. 
Momentum, -i, N moment, weight, influence. 
Morbus, -i, m. (2d deci.) disease, malady. 
Mordeo, 2, momordi, morsum, tr bite. 
Morior, 4, mori and monri, mortuus sum, dep... die. 
Moror, 1, moratus sum, dep delay, hinder, 
Morphina, -ae, F. (1st deci.) morphine. 
Morrhua, -ae, F. (1st deci.) codfish. 
Mors, mortis, f. (3d deci.) deuth. 
Morsus, -us, M bite. 
Mortalis, -e, adj mortal. 
Mortarium, -i, N mortar. 
Mortifer, -ferra, -ferum, adj deadly, death-bearing. 
Morum, -i, n mulberry (fruit). 
Mos, moris, m custom, habit. 
Motus, -us, m motion, movement. 
Moveo, 2, movi, motum, tr move, disturb. 
Mox, adv soon, presently. 
Mucilago, -inis, f. (3d deci.) mucilage. 
Mulceo, 2, mulsi, mulsum, tr soothe, allay. 
Mulier, mulieris, F woman. 
Mundus, -a, -um, adj neat, clean. 
Muriaticus, -a, -um, adj muriatic. 
Musculosus, -a, -um, adj .full of muscles, fleshy. 
Mustum, -i, N must, new wine. 
Mutatio, -onis F change. 
Muto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr to change. 
Myrcia, -ae, F. (1st deci.) myrcia. 
Myrrha, -ae, F. (1st deci.) myrrh. VOCABULARY. 
147 
Nam, conj .for. 
Nardum, -i, N nard. 
Naris, -is, f nostril. 
Narro, 1, -avi, -atum. tr tell, narrate, relate. 
Nasalis, -e, adj nasal. 
Nascor, 3, nasci, natus sum, dep born, appear, rise, spring. 
Nasus, -i, M nose. 
Nato, 1, -avi, -atum, int ■ swim. 
Natura, -ae, F. (1st deci.) nature. 
Naturaliter, adv naturally. 
Ne, adv. and conjunct not: that not, lest. 
Necessarius, -a, -um, adj necessary. 
Necesse, adj. indecl necessary. 
Neco,l, -avi, -atum and sometimes -cui, -ctum, tr. kill, put to death. 
Neglectus, -a, -um, adj. partic neglected. 
Negligenter, adv*? negligently, carelessly. 
Negligens, -entis, adj negligent. 
Negligo, 3, -lexi, -lectum, tr neglect. 
Negotium, -i, N business. 
Nemo, inis, M. and F no one, nobody. 
Neque, or nec, conj nor. 
Neque neque, or nec-nec neither-nor. 
Nervosus, -a, -um, adj nervous. 
Nervus, -i, M nerve, sinew. 
Nescio, 4, -ivi, -ii, -itum, tr know not, be ignorant of. 
Niger, -gra, -grum, adj black. 
Nihil, or nil, N., indecl nothing. 
Nimis, or nimium, adv too much, too. 
Nimius, -a, -um, adj too much, too great. 
Nisi, conj unless, if not. 
Nitras, -atis, M. (3d deci.) nitrate. 
Nitrum, -i, N nitre. 
Nobilis, -e, adj noble. 
Nocens, -entis, adj harmful, guilty. 
Nocturnus, -a, -um, adj nocturnal, in the night 
Nodosus, -a, -um, adj knotty, full of knots. 
Nolo, nolle, nolui, be unwilling, will not. 
Nomino, 1, -avi, -atum, tr name. 
Nomen, -inis, n. (3d deci.) name. 
Nondum, adv not yet. 
Non modo sed etiam or verum etiam not only-but also. 
Nonnullus, -a, -um, adj some, somewhat. 148 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Nonnunquam, adv sometimes, now and then. 
Norma, -ae, f standard, rule. 
Nosco, 3, novi, notum, tr. (novi '• I know ") get acquainted with, learn. 
Noster, nostra, nostrum, pron our, ours. 
Nota, -ae, F mark, sign, symptom. 
Notio, -onis, F notion, idea. 
Noto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr note, mark. 
Notus, -a, -um, adj known. 
Novus, -a, -um, adj new. 
Nox, noctis, F. (3d deci.) night. 
N ucha, -ae, F nape of the neck. 
Nugae, -arum, F trifles, nonsense. 
Nullus, -a, -um, adj no one, not any. 
Numero, 1, -avi, -atum to count, to pay. 
Numerus, -i, M number. 
Nummus, -i, M coin, money. 
Nunc, adv now. 
Nunquam, adv never. 
Nuper, adv lately, recently. 
Nutrio, 4, -ivi and -ii, -itum, tr nourish, nurture. 
Nux, nucis, f. (3d deci.) nut. 
Nux vomica, nucis vomicae, F nux vomica. 
o 
Obeo, 4, -ii, -itum, [ob and eo] intr go against, go to meet; die. 
Obliviscor, 3, -livisci, -litus sum, dep .forget. 
Obsoletus, -a, -um, adj old, worn out. 
Obsum, -esse, -fui, be against, opposed to, in- 
Obtego, 3, -texi, -tectum, tr cover over. [jure. 
Obturo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr close, stop up. 
Occasus, -us, m the going down, the setting. 
Occipitium, -i, N back part of the head. 
Occurro, 3, occurri, occursum, intr meet, oppose, resist. 
Occupo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr occupy, to be busy. 
Octarius, -i, M. (2d deci.) .pint. 
Octavus, -a, -um, adj eighth. 
Octo, adj eight. 
Octoginta, adj eighty. 
Octogesimus, -a, -um, adj eightieth. 
Ocularius, -a, -um, adj of the eye. 
Oculus, -i, m. (2d deci) eye. 
Odoratus, -a, -um, adj odorous, perfumed, [vine. 
(Enanthe, -es, F oenanthe, grape of the wild. VOCABULARY. 
149 
Offero, offerre, obtuli, oblatum, tr bring before, of er, prevent, 
Officina, ae, F office, shop. [oppose. 
Oleo, 2, -ui, intr smell, smack of. 
Oleum, -i, N (2d deci.) oil. 
Ohm, adv formerly, once. 
Olus, -ens, N vegetable. 
Omnino, adv entirely, altogether, at all. 
Omnis, -e, adj every, all. 
Omphacium, -i oil, or juice of unripe olives. 
Opacus, -a, -um, adj shady, dark. 
Opalescens, -entis, adj opalescent, turning cloudy. 
work, labor, attention; 
workman. 
Opera, -ee, F. and M 
Opinans, -antis, part, adj expecting, thinking. 
Opitulor, 1, -an, -atus sum, dep aid, assist. 
Opobalsamum, -i, n balm of Oilead. 
Opopanax, -acis, M opopanax. [sary. 
Oportet, 2, oportuit, impers (one) ought must, it is neces- 
Oppico, 1, tr pitch, cover or seal with 
Oppono, 3, -sui, -situm, tr put on, apply. [pitch. 
Oppugno, 1, -avi, -atum, tr to besiege, fight [against). 
Opprimo, 3, -pressi, -pressum, tr oppress, weigh own. 
Ops, opis, f aid, wealth, resources. 
Optabilis, -e, adj desirable. 
Optime, adv best, right well. 
Opus, operis, n. (3d deci.) work. 
Opus, indecl. noun and adj wed, necessity ; needful. 
Ordino, 1, -avi, -atum, tr set inorder, arrange. 
Ordo, -inis, m order, rank, row. 
Origo, -mis, F origin, source. 
Onor, 4, -iri, -ortus sum, dep arise, spring, appear. 
Oro, 1, avi, -atum, tr pray, entreat, beseech. 
Os, oris, N mouth, face. 
Os, ossis, n bone. 
Ostendo, 3, -di, -sum and -turn, tr . .show, hold forth. 
Ovis, -is, F. (3d deci.) sheep. 
Ovum, -1, n. (2d deci ) egg. 
Oxalas, -atis, m. (3d deci.) oxalate. 
Oxalicus, -a, -um, adj oxalic. 
Oxidum, -i, n. (2d deci.) oxide. 
Oxymel, -mellis, n oxymel, wine and honey. 150 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
1* 
Paene, adv almost, nearly. 
Pallesco, 3, pallui, intr turn pale, lose color. 
Pallidus, -a, -um, adj pale, pallid. 
Pallor, -oris, M .paleness, pallor. 
Palumba, -ae, f wild pigeon, wood-dove. 
Palus, -udis, f marsh, bog. 
Panax, -acis, M panax, ginseng. 
Panis, -is, M bread. 
Papaver, -is, n poppy. 
Papyraceus, -a, -um, adj of paper, of papyrus. 
Par, paris, adj alike, like. 
Parenchyma, -atis, n pulp, base of soft part of 
Pariter, adv equally. [plants. 
Paro, 1, -avi, -atum, tr prepare. 
Parotis, -idis, F tumor of the parotid gland. 
Paroxysms, -i, M paroxysmus. 
Pars, partis, F. (3d deci.) part. 
Particula, -ae, F particle, smallpa.rt,alittle. 
Partitio, -onis, F parting, division. 
Parum, adv not enough, too little. 
Parvus, -a, -um, adj little, small. 
Pasta, -ae, F .paste. 
Patienter, adj patiently, with patience. 
Patior, 3, pati, passus sum, dep suffer, permit, allow. 
Pauci, -ae, -a, adj., in plur. only few. 
Paulatim, adv gradually, little by little. 
Paululum, -i, n a little. 
Paulum, -i, n a little. 
Pavimentum, -i, N pavement, floor. 
Pavito, 1, -avi, -atum, intr tremble, fear greatly. 
Pax, pacis, f peace. 
Pecunia, -ae, F money, sum of money. 
Pedetentim, adv slow, cautiously. 
Pediluvium, -i, N .foot-bath. 
Penitus, adv internally, thoroughly. 
Penso, 1, -avi, -atum, tr weight. 
Pensum, -i, n lesson, task. 
Pepsinum, -i, n. (2d deci.) pepsin. 
Per, prep, (acc) through, by means of. 
Peracutus, -a, -um, adj very sharp. 
Peraeger, -gra, -grum, adj very'sick. 
Percolator, -oris, m percolator. VOCABULARY. 
151 
Percolo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr .percolate, strain, filter. 
Percontor, 1, -ari, -atus sum, dep ask, inquire. 
Perdo, 3, -didi, -ditum, tr destroy, ruin. 
Perduco, 3, -duxi, -ductum, tr lead or bring through. 
Pergo, 3, perrexi, perrectum, tr .proceed, go on. 
Periculosus, -a, -um, adj dangerous. 
Periculum, -i, N peril, danger. 
Periodicus, -a, -um, adj .periodical. 
Peritus, -a, -um, adj ....skilled, experienced. 
Permisceo, 2, -miscui, -mixtum, -mistum, tr....mix thoroughly. 
Perpetuus, a, -um, adj .perpetual, lasting. 
Perpulcher, -chra, -chrum, adj very beautiful. 
Persiccus, -a, -um, adj very dry. 
Persona -ae, F .person. 
Perspicio, 3, -spexi, -spectum, tr see through, observe closely. 
Persto, 1, -stiti, -statum, intr .persist, continue. 
Perterreo, 2, -ui, -itum, tr terrify. 
Pertinax, -acis, adj .pertinacious, very close. 
Pertracto, 1, -avi, -atum to investigate, study. 
Pervenio, 4, -veni, -ventum, intr arrive at, reach, attain. 
Pes, pedis, m. (3d deci.) .foot. 
Pestilens, -entis, adj .pestilent, deadly. 
Pestis, -is, F pestilence, plague, epidemic 
Petroselinum, -i, N p etroselinum, rock parsley. 
Pharmaceuticus, -a, -um, adj 
pharmacy, pertaining to 
' pharmacy. 
Pharmacopoeia, -ae, F .pharmacopoeia. 
Phiala, -se, phial, vial. 
Philosophus, -i, m. (2d deci.) philosopher. 
Phosphas, -atis, m. (3d deci.) phosphate. 
Phosphorus, -i, M phosphorus. 
Phthisis -is, f phthisis, consumption. 
Physostigma, -atis, N. (3d deci.) physostigma, Calabar bean. 
Piger, -gra, -grum, adj lazy. slow. 
Piget, 2, piguit, impers (one) regrets, is disgusted. 
Pilula, -ae, F. (1st deci.) pill- 
Pimenta, -ae, F pimento, allspice. 
Pineus, -a, -um, adj of pine, pine. 
Pingo, 3, pinxi, pictum, tr paint. 
Pinguis, -e, adj fat, rich. 
Piper, piperis, N. (3d deci.) pepper. 
Piperatus, -a, -um, adj., and piperitus of pepper, peppery. 
Piperina, -ae, F piperine. 
Pirum, -i, N. (2d deci.) pear. 
Piscina, -ae, f .fish pond, reservoir. 152 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Piscis, -is, M fish. 
Piscor, 1, -ari, -atus sum, dep ,. to fish. 
Pistillum, -i, n pestle. 
Pix, picis, F. (3d decl.) pitch. 
Placeo, 2, -ui, -itum, intr please. 
Planta, -ae, F piant. 
Plenus, -a, -um, adj .f ull. 
Plerique, -aeque, -aque, adj most, the greater number. 
Plerumque, adv usually, for the most part. 
Plumbum, -i, N. (2d deci.) lead. 
Plurimus,-a,-um, adj most, very much; very 
Plus, pluris, adj more. [many. 
Podagra, -ae, F gout in the font. 
Polenta, -ae, F pearled barley. 
Polium, -i, N the herb poley. 
Pollen, -inis, N. and f fine flour, mill-dust. 
Pollex, -icis, M. (3d deci.) thumb. 
Polliceor, 2, -polliceri, -pollicitus sum, dep promise. 
Pomum, -i, N fruit. 
Pondus, -eris, n weight. 
Pono, 3, posui, positum, tr place, put. 
Ponticus, -a, -um, adj of Pontus, Pontic. 
Populus, -i, M people, nation. 
Porrus, -i, M leek, scullion. 
Portio, -onis, F. (3d decl.) portion, part. 
Porto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr carry. 
Possum, posse, potui, be able, can. 
Post, prep. w. acc after, behind. 
Post, or Postea, adv afterwards. 
Posthac, adv hereafter, after this. 
Postquam, conj after, after that. 
Postscriptum, -i, N postscript. 
Postulo, 1, -avi, -atum demand, require. 
Potassa,-ae, F. (1st decl.) potassa, caustic potash. 
Potens, -entis, adj potent, powerful. 
Potio, -onis, F drink, potion. 
Potior, 4, -iri, -itus sum, dep . .get possession of, enjoy. 
Potius, adv rather. 
Poto, 1, -avi, atum, tr drink. 
Potus, -us, m drink. 
Prae, prep, (abl.) before, in comparison with 
Praebeo, 2, -ui, -itum, tr furnish, offer. 
Praeceptor, -oris, m preceptor, teacher. 
Praecipitatus, -a, -um, partic. adj precipitated. 
Praecipue, adv especially, particularly. VOCABULARY. 
153 
Praecordia, -orum, N diaphragm ; bowels ; stom- 
Praeparo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr prepare. [ach. 
Praeparatio, -onis, f preparation. 
Praeparatus, -a, -um, adj prepared. 
Praepono, 3, -posui, -positum, tr place over, put in charge of. 
Praescribo, 3, -scripsi, -scriptum, tr prescribe. 
Praescriptum, -i, N. (2d deci.) prescription. 
Praesens, -entis, adj present; active. 
Praesto, 1, praestiti, praestitum, and praestatum 
(tr. and intr.) make, afford; stand before. 
Praestans, -stantis, adj excellent, superior. 
Praesum, praeesse, praefui 
be before, at the head of 
command. 
Prandium, .i, n breakfast, dinner. 
Premo, 3, pressi, pressum, tr press. 
Pretiosus, -a, -um, adj precious, costly. 
Pretium, -i, N price. 
Primo, adv at first. 
Primum, adv first, in the first place. 
Primus, -a, -um, adj first, the first. 
Prinus, -i, F black-alder. 
Prior, -oris, adj former, preceding. 
Pristinus, -a, -um, adj .former. 
Privo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr deprive. 
Pro, prep. (abi.) before, for, according to. 
Probabiliter, adv probably. 
Probabilis, -e, adj .probable. 
Probe, adv well, properly. 
Procul, adv -far, at a distance. 
Profunde, adv profoundly. 
Prob, interjec O! 
Prohibeo, 2, -ui, -itum, tr hinder. 
Projicio, 3, projeci, projectum, tr project, throw forth. 
Promissum, -i, N promise. 
Propolis, -is, f bee glue. 
Propositum, -i, N purpose, plan. 
Proprius, -a, -um, adj peculiar, special. 
Prorumpo, 3, -rupi, -ruptum break forth, rush forth. 
Prosum, prodesse, profui be useful, benefit. 
Protego, 3, -texi, -tectum, tr protect. 
Protinus, adv at once, immediately. 
Protinus, ut .as soon as. 
Provideo, 2, -vidi, -visum, tr. and intr provide for, look after, see 
Provisus, -a, -um, partic provided, foreseen, [to it. 
Prudens, -entis, adj prudent, sagacious. 154 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Prunus, -i, f. (2d deci.) plum-tree. 
Psora, -ae, F itch. 
Pudet, 2, puduit, impers ashamed. 
Pudet me tui 
1 am ashamed of you. (It 
shames me of you.) 
Pudor, -oris, m shame, disgrace. 
Puella, -ae, F girl. 
Puer, -i, M boy. 
Pugno, 1, -avi, -atum, intr Jight. 
Pulcher, -chra, -chrum, adj pretty, beautiful. 
Pulchre, adv beautifully, thoroughly. 
Pulmonalis, -e, adj pulmonary. 
Pulpa, -ae, F. (1st deci.) pulp. 
Pulpamentum, -i, N dainty food. 
Pulsus, -us, M .pulse. 
Pulvero, 1, -avi, -atum, tr pulverize, reduce to pow- 
Pulverizo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr pulverize. [der. 
Pulverulentus, -a, -um covered with dust. 
Pulvis, -eris, m. (3d deci.) powder, dust. 
Pumex, -icis, m pumice-stone. 
Punio, 4, -ivi, -ii, -itum, tr punish. 
Purgo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr purge, cleanse. 
Purifico, 1, -avi, -atum, tr purify, cleanse. 
Purus, -a, -um, adj pure. 
Pus, puris, N pus. 
Pustula, -ae, F. (1st decl.) pustule, blister. 
Putidus, -a, -um, adj putrid, bad smelling-. 
Puto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr think, suppose. 
Putor, -oris, m putridity, stench. 
Pyrethrum, -i, N pyrethrum, Spanish cham- 
Pyxis, -idis, f box. [omile. 
Q 
Qua, adv which way. 
Quaero, 3, quaesivi, quaesitum, tr inquire, seek after. 
Quaestio, -onis, F question, investigation. 
Qualis, -e, adj of what sort, kind, or nat- 
Qualitas, -atis, F quality. [ure. 
Quam, adv interrog., how; comp., as, 
Quamdiu, adj how long, as long as. [than. 
Quamquam, conj though, although. 
Quando, adv. and conj when. 
Quandocunque, adv. and conj whenever. VOCABULARY. 
155 
Quantitas, -atis, F. (3d deci.) quantity. 
Quantus, -a -um, adj how much, as. 
Quantus-tantus as great-as. 
Quare, adv. why. 
Quartus, -a, -um, adj fourth. 
Quasi, adv as if, as. 
Quassia, -ae, F. (1st deci.) quassia. 
Quatio, 3, -quassum, tr shake, toss. 
Quatuor and quattuor, adj .four. 
Que, conj., enclitic and. 
Quemadmodum, conj. and adv how. 
Queo, 4, quivi, quii, quitum, intr able, can. 
Quercus, -us, F. (4th deci.) oak. 
Qui, quae, quod, rel. and interrog. pron who, which. 
Quia, conj because. 
Quidam, quaedam, quoddam or quiddam a certain. 
Quidem, conj indeed, even. 
Quies, etis, f. (5th deci.) quiet sleep. 
Quilibet, quaelibet, quodlibet any one you please. 
Quin, conj that not, but that. 
Quinidina, -ae, F quinidine. 
Quinina, -ae, F. (1st deci ) quinine. 
Quintuplex, -icis, adj five-fold, five times as 
Quis, quae, quod and quid, interrog. pron who. [many. 
Quisque, quaeque, quidque or quodque each, every. 
Quisquis whoever. . 
Quivis, quaevis, quod vis or quidvis any one you please. 
Quo, adv where, in order that. 
Quomodo, adv how. 
Quondam, adv ... .once, formerly. 
Quoque, adv .also, too. 
Quot, adj how many. 
Quotidie, adv daily. 
Quoties, adv how often, as often as. 
Quum, adv. and conj when, since, though. 
15 
Rabiosus, -a, -um, adj , rabid, mad. 
Racemosus, -a, -um, adj full of racemes or clusters. 
Radicula, -ae, F radicula, soap-weed. 
Radix, -icis, f. (3d deci.) root. 
Rado, 3, rasi, rasum, tr shave, scrape. 
Ramentum, -i, n shred, piece, shavings. 156 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Rapum, -i, N turnip. 
Raro, adv rarely, seldom. 
Rarus, -a, -um, adj rare, thin, porous. 
Ratio, -onis, F reason, plan, course. 
Rationarius, -a, -um, adj relating to accounts. 
Recens, -entis, adj recent, fresh. 
Recipio, 3. recepi, receptum, tr receive, take back. 
Recipere se ■ betake one's self, return. 
Recito, 1, -avi, -atum, tr recite, read al-end. 
Recordor, 1, -ari, -atus sum, dep recall, recollect. 
Recreo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr refresh. 
Recte, adv rightly, correctly. 
Rectifico, 1, -avi, -atum, tr rectify. 
Rectificatus, -a, -um, adj rectified. 
Rectus, -a, -um right, straight. 
Recupero, 1, -avi, -atum, tr recover, regain. [late. 
Reddo, 3, reddidi, redditum, tr return, yield,render, trans- 
Redeo, 4, -ii, -itum, intr return, go or come back. 
Redigo, 3, redegi, redactum, tr reduce, drive back. 
Reditus, -us, m return. 
Reduco, 3, -duxi, -ductum, tr restore, lead back. 
Reductus, -a, -um, adj reduced. 
Referro. referre, retuli, relatum, tr bring back, resemble. 
Reficio, 3, refeci, refectum, tr repair, make anew. 
Refrigeratio, -onis, F cooling. 
Refrigero, 1, -avi, -atum, tr cool, make cool. 
Regio, -onis, F region. 
Rego, 3, rexi, rectum, tr rule. 
Rejicio, 3, rejeci, rejectum reject, throw off. 
Relevo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr relieve. 
Relinquo, 3, -liqui, -lictum, tr leave, abandon. 
Reliquus, -a, um, adj remaining, the rest. 
Remanentia, -as, F remnant, remainder. 
Remanens, -entis, adj remaining, remnant. 
Remedium, -i, n. (2d deci.) remedy. 
Remissus, -a. -um, adj remiss, lax, gentle. 
Remittens, -entis, adj remittent. 
Remitto, 3, remisi, remissum, tr remit, send back, return. 
Removeo, 2, -movi, -motum, tr remove. 
Rependo, 3, -pendi, -pensum, tr pay back, return. 
Reperio, 4, -peri, -pertum, tr .find. 
Repeto, 3, -ivi, -ii, -itum repeat, seek again. 
Repleo, 2, -evi, -etum, tr replenish, fill again. 
Repletus, -a. -um, adj replete, filled, crowded 
Repono, 3. reposui, repositum, tr repose, lay down. [with. VOCABULARY. 
157 
Reprimo, 3, -pressi, -pressum, tr repress, check, restrain. 
Requiesco, 3, -evi, -etum, intr rest, repose. 
Reservo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr reserve. 
Resedo, 3, resedi, resessum, intr sit down. 
Residuum, -i, n residue, remainder. 
Resina, -ae, f. (1st deci.) resin. 
Resinosus, -a, -um, adj resinous. 
Resolvo, 3, -solvi, -solutum, tr open, loosen, resolve. 
Respondeo, 2, respondi, responsum, tr answer, reply. 
Responsum, -i, n reply, answer. 
Res rei, F. (5th deci.) thing. 
Retorta, -ae, F retort. 
Reverto, 3, reverti, reversum, tr return, turn back. 
Rex, regis, m king. 
Rhamnus, -i, f. (2d deci.) rhamnus, thorn. 
Rheumatismus, -i, M rheumatism. 
Rheum, -i, n. (2d deci.) rhubarb. 
Ridiculus, -a, -um, adj ridiculous, laughable. 
Rigidus, -a, -um, adj rigid, stiff, severe. 
Rimosus, -a, -um, adj full of cracks, leaky. 
Rivus, -i, M „ small stream. 
Rogatus, -us, m request, desire. 
Rogo, -avi, -atum, tr ask, request, call for. 
Roma, -ae, *F Rome. 
Romanus, -a, -um, adj Roman. 
Rosa, -ae, F. (1st deci.) rose. 
Rosmarinus, -i, m. (2d deci.) rosemary. 
Rotundus, -a, -um, adj round. 
Ruber, -bra, -brum, adj red, ruddy. 
Rubor, -oris, m redness. 
Rubus, -i, F. (2d deci.) blackberry bush. 
Ruina, -ae. F ruin, downfall. 
Rumex, -icis, m. and f rumex, yellow dock. 
Rumpo, 3, rupi, ruptum, tr break, burst. 
Rusticus-a, -um, adj rustic, country, rural. 
Ruta, -ae, f rue. 
s 
Sabina, -ae, f. (1st deci.) savin, or sabin. 
Saccharatus, -a, -um, adj of sugar, sugar. 
Saccharum, i, n. (2d deci.) sugar. 
Saccharometrum, -i, N saccharometer. 
Saccus, -i, m sack, bag. 
Sacer, -era, -crum, adj sacred. 158 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Saeculum, -i, N age, generation. 
Saepe, adv often. 
Sagapenum, -i, n sagapenum. 
Sal, -is, M. and N salt; plu., witticisms. 
Salsamentum, -1, N fish-pickle, salted fish. 
Saltem, adv at least, at all events. 
Salus, -utis, F safety, health. 
Salutaris, -e, adj salutary, healthful, [ing. 
Salve, -ete (imperat, of salveo, " be thou well ") .how fare you ? good morn- 
Salveo, 2 be well, in good health. 
Salicylicus, -a, -um, adj salicylic. 
Sanguinaria, -ae, F. (1st deci.) sanguinaria, blood-root. 
Sanguis, sanguinis, m blood. 
Sanitas, -atis, f. (3d deci.) health, soundness. 
Sano, 1, -avi, -atum, tr heal, cure. 
Sanus, -a, -um, adj sound, well, sensible. 
Sapiens, sapientis, adj wise. 
Sapo, onis, m. (3d deci.) soap. 
Sapor, -oris, m savor, taste, relish. 
Saporatus, -a, -um, adj .flavored. 
Satio, 1, -avi, -atum, tr sate, satisfy. 
Satis, adv enough. 
Saturatus, -a, -um, adj . .saturated, filled. 
Scalpellum, -i, N scalpel, lancet. 
Scarificatio, -onis, f scarification, cutting slight- 
Scena, -ae, F scene. | ly, 
Scelestus, -a, -um, adj vicious, wicked, accursed. 
Schola, -ae, F school. 
Scientia, -ae, F science, knowledge. 
Scilla, -ae, F. (1st deci.) squill. 
Scindo, 3, scidi, scissum, tr spill, cut. 
Scio, 4, scivi, scii, scitum, tr know. 
Scissilis, -e, adj easily split. 
Scobis, -is, f saw-dust, or filings. 
Scriptor, -oris, m writer. 
Scriptum, -i, m writing, a written work. 
Scrupulus, -i, m. (2d deci.) scruple. 
Sebaceus, -a, -um, adj of tallow, tallow. 
Sebum, -i, or sevum, n. (2d deci.) tallow, suet. 
Sectio, -onis, f cutting. 
Secundum, prep. w. acc according to, after. 
Secundus, -a, -um, adj second, favorable, good. 
Sed, conj but. 
Sedecim, adj sixteen. 
Sedeo, 2, sedi, sessum, intr sit. VOCABULARY. 
159 
Sedes, -is, f .seat. 
Sedimen, -inis, n sediment. 
Sedimentum, -i, N sedimen. 
Sedo, 1, -avi, -atom, tr allay, quiet ; cause to settle. 
Sedulo, adv carefully, exactly. 
Selibra, -ae, F half a pound. 
Seligo, 3, selegi, selectum, tr '...select, choose. 
Semel, adv a single time, once. 
Semen, -inis, N. (3d deci.) seed. 
Semis, M . half. 
Semiuncia, -ae, f half ounce. 
Semper, adv always. 
Senega, -ae, F. (1st deci. ) senega, rattlesnake root. 
Senex, senis, M old man. 
Sensim, adv gradually, little by little. 
Sententia, -ae, F sentiment, opinion, 
Separatio, -onis, F separation. [thought. 
Separo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr separate. 
Sepono, 3, seposui, sepositum, tr set aside, put by. 
Septies, adv '. seven times. 
Sepulchrum, -i, n sepulchre, grave, tomb- 
Sequens, -entis, adj following. [stone. 
Sequor, 3, sequi, secutus sum, dep follow. 
Serpens, -entis, m. and F serpent, snake. 
Serpentaria, -ae, F. (1st deci.) serpentaria, snake-root. 
Serus, -a, -um, adj late. 
Servilis, -e, adj ; servile. 
Servo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr ; preserve, keep. 
^Servus, -i, m servant, slave. 
Sesquiuncia, -ae, f one and a half ounces. 
Severus, -a, -um, adj severe, stern. 
Sextarius, -i, m pint and a half. 
Sextus, -a, -um, adj sixth. 
Si, conj if. 
Sic, adv so, thus 
Siccus, -a, -um, adj dry, thirsty. 
Sicut, conj so as, just as. 
Significatio, -onis, f signification, meaning. 
Significo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr signify, mean. 
Signum, -i, n sign, symptom, mark. 
Sil, silis, N yellow earth, ochre. 
Siligineus, -a, -um, adj of wheat, wheaten. 
Similiter, adv similarity, in like manner. 
Similitudo, -inis, F likeness, similitude. 
Similago, -inis, f.... finest wheat flour. 160 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Similis, -e, adj similar, like. 
Simplex, -plicis, adj simple. 
Simul, adj together, at once. 
Sinapis, -is, F. (3d deci.) mustard. 
Sine, prep. w. abl without. 
Singularis, -e, adj singular, remarkable. 
Singulus, -a, -um, adj single, each. 
Sino, 3, sivi, situm, tr .permit, allow. 
Siquis, siqua, siqaid, or siquod if any one, if any. 
Sitis, is, F. (3d deci.) thirst. 
Sive, conj or if. 
Sive sive whether,-or, either-or. 
Socer, soceri, m father-in-law. 
Socius, -i, m partner, associate. 
Soda, -ae, F. (1st deci.) soda. 
Sol, solis, m sun. 
Soleo, 2, solitus sum be accustomed, wont. 
Solidus, a, -um, adj solid, firm. 
Sollicitudo, -inis, f solicitude, anxiety. 
Solum, adv only. 
Solubilis, -e, adj soluble. 
Solus, -a, -um, adj alone, sole. 
Solutio, -onis, f. (3d deci.) solution. 
Solvo, 3, solvi, solutum, tr loosen, dissolve. 
Somnus, -i, m sleep. 
Soror, -oris, F sister. 
Spargo, 3, sparsi, sparsum, tr sprinkle, scatter. 
Spasmus, -i, M ; spasm, paroxysm. 
Spatula, -ae, F ladle, flat stick or blade, for 
Spero, 1, -avi, -atum, tr hope, [stirring medicines. 
Spes, -ei, f. (5th deci.) hope. 
Spica, -ae, f point, spire. 
Spicatus, -a, -um, adj pointed, bearded. 
Spiritus, -us, m. (4th deci.) spirits; breath. 
Spissitas, -atis, F thickness, consistency. 
Spissitudo, -inis, f thickness, density. 
Spissus, -a, -um, adj thick, viscid. 
Spongiosus, -a, -um spongy. 
Spuma, -ae, F spume, froth, foam. 
Spuma argenti litharge, spume of silver. 
Squama, -ae, F scale ; filings of metal. 
Statim, adv immediately, at once. 
Statio, -onis, f post, station, guard. 
Stercus, -oris, N excrement, dung. 
Stibium, -i, n. (2d deci.) antimony. VOCABULARY. 
161 
Stillo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr. and intr drop, fall in drops. 
Stimulus, -i, M stimulant, incentive. 
Sto, 1, steti, statum, intr stand. 
Stolidus, -a, -um, adj. and noun stolid, stupid ; a dunce. 
Stomachalis, -e, adj pertaining to the stomach, 
Stramonium, -i, N. (2d deci.) stramonium. [stomach. 
Strychnina, -ae, F. (1st deci.) strychnine. 
Studeo, 2, -ui apply the mind to ; study. 
Studium, -i, n study, desire, inclination. 
Studiosus, -a, -um, adj studious, fond of, desirous. 
Stultus, -a, -um, adj. and noun .foolish ; a fool. 
Styrax, -acis, M. (3d deci.) storax. 
Suavis, -e, adj pleasant, agreeable. 
Sub, prep. (acc. and abl) 
Subacetas, -atis, m. (3d deci.) subacetate. 
Subdiaphanus, -a, -um, adj somewhat transparent. 
Subdo, 3, -didi, -ditum, tr put or place under. 
Subeo, 4, -11, -itum, tr go under, undergo. 
Subflavus, -a, -um, adj somewhat yellow, yellowish. 
Subhumidus, -a, -um, adj somewhat moist. [oughly. 
Subigo, 3,-egi,-actum, tr ...work under, work thor- 
Subinde, adv now and then ; from time 
Subito, adv suddenly. [to time. 
Subitus, -a, -um, adj sudden. 
Sublimatio, -onis, F sublimation. [densed. 
Sublimatus, -a, -um, adj sublimed, volatilized, con- 
Sublimo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr raise on high, sublime. 
Submoveo, 2, -movi, -motum, tr remove, drive away. 
Submurias, submuriatis, m submuriate. 
Subsidentia, -ae, F settling, sediment. 
Subsido, 3, subsedi, subsessum, intr sink down, subside. 
Substantia, -ae, F substance. 
Substituo, 3, -ui, -utum, tr substitute, put under. 
Subsulphas, -atis, M. (3d deci.) subsulphate. 
Succedo, 3, -cessi, -cessum, intr succeed, undertake. 
Succus, -i, m juice, moisture. 
Sudatio, -onis, f sweating. 
Sudor, -oris, m sweat, perspiration. 
Sudorificus, -a, -um, adj. .sudorific, causing sweat. 
Suffero, sufferre, sustuli, sublatum, tr . .suffer, undergo, endure. 
Sufficiens, -entis, adj sufficient, [ficient, enough. 
Sufficio, 3, -feci, -fectum, tr. and intr substitute, supply ; be suf- 
Sui, pron of himself ; of themselves, 
Sulphas, -atis, m. (3d deci.) sulphate. [etc. 
acc., near, towards, 
abl., under, beneath. 162 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Sulphur, -uris, N. (3d deci.) snip hur. 
Sulphuratus, -a, -um, adj sulphurous, impregnated 
Sulphuricus, -a, -um, adj sulphuric, [with sulphur. 
Sum, esse, fui be, exist. 
Summitas, -atis, f top, highest part. 
Summus, -a, -um, adj highest, uppermost. 
Sumo, 3, sumpsi, sumptum, tr take, take up. 
Sumptus, -us, m expense. [on, concerning. 
Super, prep. (acc. and abl.) w. acc., over, upon ; w. abl.t 
Superbus, -a, -um, adj proud, haughty. 
Superfundo, 3, -fudi, -fusum, tr pour over, or upon. 
Superimpono, 3, -imposui, -impositum, tr place upon. 
Supero, 1, -avi, -atom, tr surpass, conquer. 
Superus, -a, -um, adj high, up. 
Supplex, -icis, adj humbly entreating, irnplor- 
Supra, adv above. [.Ing, 
Sutorius, -a, -um, adj pertaining to a shoemaker. 
Suus, -a, -um, pro his, their, etc. 
Sycaminus, -i, f mulberry tree. 
Syrupus, -i, m. (2d deci.) syrup. 
T 
Tabacum, -i, n. (2d decl.) tobacco. 
Tabidus, -a, -um, adj wasting away, consuming. 
Taceo, 2, -ui, -itum, intr silent, say nothing. 
Taedet, 2, taeduit, impers it wearies, it disgusts. 
Taleola, -ae, F little stick, piece. 
Talis, -e, adj such. 
Tam, adv so. 
Tamdiu, adv so long. 
Tamen, adv but, yet, still, nevertheless. 
Tamnus, -i, F a kind of wild grapevine. 
Tanacetum, -i, N tansy. 
Tandem, adv at length, at last. 
Tantus, -a, -um, adj so great. 
Tango, 3, tetigi, tactum, tr touch. 
Tantum, adv .. .only, merely. 
Tantummodo, adv only, provided only. 
Taraxacum, -i, N. (2d deci.) dandelion. 
Tartaricus, -a, -um, adj tartaric. 
Tartras, -atis, M. (3d deci.) tartrate. 
Taurinus, -a, -um . .taurine, of a bull. 
Tectum, -i, n roof, cover; house. VOCABULARY. 
163 
Tempto and tento, 1, -avi, -atum, tr try, lest. 
Tempus, -oris, N. (3d decl.) time. 
Tenax, -acis, adj tenacious, tough, tight. 
Tenebrae, -arum, F darkness. 
Teneo, 2, tenui, tentum, tr hold, keep, contain. 
Tener, -era, -erum, adj tender. 
Tenuitas, -atis, f fineness, thinness. 
Tepefacio, 3, -feci, -factum, tr ...warm, make warm. 
Tepidus, -a, -um, adj tepid, warm. 
Tepor, -oris, M warmth, gentle warmth. 
Ter, adv thrice, three times. 
Terebinthinus, -a, -um, adj... .; of turpentine, turpentine. 
Tero, 3, trivi, tritum, tr .' rub, bruise, triturate. 
Tersulphas, -atis, M. (3d deci.) tersulphate. 
Testu, N., indecl earthen cover, lid, vessel. 
Thebae, -arum, F Thebes. 
Thlaspi, -is, n thlaspi (an herb). 
Thorax, -acis, M. (3d deci.) thorax, breast, chest. 
Thymiama, -atis, n thymiama, fumigating 
Thymum,-i, N thyme. [compound. 
Timeo, 2, -ui, tr fear, dread. 
Timor, -oris, M f ear. 
Titulus, -i, title, name. 
Thea, -ae, F. (1st deci.) tea. 
Tollo, 3, sustuli, sublatum, tr remove, takeaway. 
Tolu, indecl., tolu. 
Tolutanus, -a, -um, adj of tolu. 
Tonicum, -i, N. (2d deci.) tonic. 
Tonicus, -a, -um, adj tonic. 
Torcular, -aris, N press. 
Tormen, -inis, N., used only in plur gripes, pain in bowels. 
Tormentum, -i, N press; torment. 
Torpeo, 2, -ui, intr < torpid, numb. 
Torrefactio, -onis, F roasting. 
Torreo, 2, torrui, tostum.tr dry, parch, roast. 
Tot, adj., indecl so many. 
Tot quot as many as. 
Totus, -a, -um, adj whole, total. 
Trachealis, -e, adj tracheal. 
Trachia, -ae, F trachea. 
Tracto, -avi, -atum, tr - handle, deal with. 
Tragacantha, -ae, F. (1st deci.) tragacanth. 
Traho, 3, traxi, tractum, tr drag, draw. 
Transeo, 4, transii, transitum, intr pass over, go through. 
Tres, tria, adj three. 164 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Tricesimus, -a, -um, adj thirtieth. 
Triduum, -i, N space of three days. 
Trifolium, -i, N trefoil. 
Tristis, -e, adj sad, sorrowful. 
Tristitia, ee, F sadness, melancholy. 
Trochiscus, i, M troche. 
Trutina, -se, balance. 
Turn, adv then, again. 
Tumidus, -a, -um, adj swollen, inflated. 
Tumor, -oris, m tumor, swelling. 
Turbidus, -a, -um, adj turbid, muddy. 
Turbo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr disturb. 
Tussis, -is, F. (3d deci.) cough. 
Tutus, -a, -um, adj safe. 
Tuns, -a, -um, pron thy, thine, your. 
Typhus, -i, m typhus fever. 
Typhus cerebralis typhoid fever. 
u 
Ubi, adv where, when. 
Ulceratio, -onis, f ulceration. 
Ulcerosus, -a, -um, adj ulcerous, sore. 
Ulcus, -eris, n ulcer, sore. 
Ullus, -a, -um, adj any. 
Ulmus, -i, F. (2d deci.) elm-tree. [lick. 
Ulpicum, -i, n .... ulpicum, a sort of leek gar- 
Una, adv along with, at same time. 
Uncia, -ae, f. (1st deci.) ounce. 
Unctus, -a, -um, adj anointed, greasy, oily. 
Unde, adv whence. 
Undecim, adj eleven 
Unguentum, -i, N. (2d deci.) ointment. 
Unicus, -a, -um, adj only, single. 
Universus, -a, -um, adj whole, entire. 
Unquam, adv ever. 
Urbs, urbis, F. (3d deci.) city. 
Urgeo, 2, ursi, tr urge, press hard. 
Uro, 3, ussi, ustum, tr burn. 
Usitatus, -a, -um, adj , usual, customary. 
Usus, -us, M. (4th deci.) use, profit, advantage. 
Usurpo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr use, usurp. 
Ut, conj. and adv 
conj., that, in order that ; 
adv., how, as, just as. VOCABULARY. 
165 
Utilis, -e, adj useful, profitable. 
Utinam, adv would that, 0 that, I wish 
Utor, 3, uti, usus sum, dep use, employ. [that. 
Utrum, adv whether. 
Uva, -ae, F. (1st deci.) bunch or cluster of grapes. 
Uva ursi bear-berry, trailing arbu- 
tus. 
V 
Vaccinus, -a, -um, adj of a. cow. 
Vagabundus, -a, -um, adj vagabond, wandering. 
Valde, adv very, greatly, exceedingly. 
Vale, valete (imperat, of valeo) good by. 
Valeo, 2, -ui, itum, intr be well, be strong. 
Valerianas, -atis, m. (added.) valerianate. 
Valetudinarius, -a, -um, ad sickly, weak, infirm. 
Valetudo, -inis, f health. 
Validus, -a, -um, adj strong, sturdy. 
Vapor, -oris, M vapor, steam. 
Varietas, -atis, f variety. 
Varius, -a, -um, adj various, different. 
Vas, vasis, N.; plu., vasa, -orum vessel. 
Vasum, -i, N. (2d deci.) vessel. 
Vegetabilis,-e, adj vegetable. 
Vehemens, -entis, adj vehement, violent. 
Vehementer, adv vehemently, forcibly. 
Vel, conj or. 
Vena, -ae, F. (1st deci.) vein. 
Venaesectio, -onis, F venesection, cutting a vein. 
Vendo, 3, vendidi, venditum, tr sell. 
Venefica, -ae, F. (1st deci.) female poisoner, sorceress. 
Veneficus, -i, M poisoner. 
Venenatus, -a, -um, adj poisonous. 
Venenum, -i, N. (2d deci.) poison. 
Venio, 4, veni, ventum, intr come. 
Venter, ventri and ventris, m stomach. 
Ventriculus, -i, M stomach. 
Ver, veris, n spring. 
Verbero, -onis, m rascal, fellow. 
Verminor, 1, -ari, -atus sum, dep., intr smart, itch. 
Vero, adv. and conj in truth, in fact, but in 
Verro, 3, verri, versum, tr sweep, sweep out. [fact- 
Verto, 3, verti, versum, tr turn, translate. 
Veru, us, -N. (4th deci.) spit. 166 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
Verum, conj .. • • but, however. 
Verus, -a, -um, adj true. 
Vesicatio, -onis, « blistering. 
Vesicatorius, -a, -um, alj blistering, causing blister. 
Vesicatorium, -i, N. (2d deci.) 
blister (blistering s u b- 
stance). 
Vesper, -is; and vesper, -eri, M. (3d deci.) evening star, evening. 
Vesperasco, 3, intr to become evening. 
Vestis, -is, f garment, cloth. 
Vetulus, -a, -um, adj old. 
Vetus, -eris, adj old (of long standing). 
Vetustus, -a, -um, adj old (not remembered by the 
Vexo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr vex, shake, distress, [living. 
Videor, 2, -eri, visus sum, dep seem, appear. 
Vigilo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr be awake, watch. 
Vincio, 4, vinxi, vinctum, tr bind. 
Vinco, 3, vici, victum, tr conquer. 
Vinum, -i, n. (2d deci.) wine. 
Vir, -i, m man, hero. 
Virus, -i, n. (2d deci.) virus, poison. 
Vis, vis, F., plur. vires .force, violence ; plu., 
Viscum, -i, n mistletoe. [strength. 
Viso, 3, visi, visum, tr see, visit. 
Vestio, 4, -ivi, -ii, -itum, tr clothe. 
Vitiatus, -a, -um, adj vitiated, spoiled. 
Vitellus, -i, m. (2d deci.) yolk of egg. 
Vitis, -is, F. (3d deci.) vine. 
Vitis, alba bryonia. 
Vitreus, -a, -um, adj of glass, glass 
Vitrum, -i, glass. 
Vivo, 3, vixi, victum, intr live. 
Vivus, -a, -um, adj alive, living. 
Vix, adv scarcely, hardly. 
Vocabulum, -i, n word, term, name. 
Voco, 1, -avi, -atum, tr call, summon. 
Volatilis, -e, adj volatile. 
Volo, velle, volui be willing, wish, will. 
Volvo, 3, volvi, volutum, tr roll, think, ponder. 
Vomitorium, -i, N emetic. 
Vomitus, -us, m. (4th deci.) vomiting. 
Vulgaris, -e, adj vulgar, common, ordinary. 
Vulneratus, -a, -um, adj wounded. 
Vulnero, 1, -avi, -atum, tr wound. 
Vulnus, -eris, N. (3d deci.) wound, hurt. VOCABULARY. 
167 
X 
Xanthoxylum, -i, n xanthoxylum, prickly-ash. 
Xylobalsamum, -i, N balsam-wood. 
Zingiber, -is (3d deci.) 
Z 
ginger, clove, caryophyl- 
lum. APPENDIX 
The following prescriptions are printed for the most part as received, 
there being no attempt to give the names of the ingredients in strictly 
pharmacopoeial Latin. While all of the prescriptions may not neces- 
sarily be original, they are combinations found to be useful by the 
various donators in certain cases where the ingredients are indicated 
and their actions required. 
B. Quiniae sulph | ij. 
Camphorae pulv., 
Ammonii carb., 
Gentianae pulv. rad aa | ij. 
M. et fiat boli No. xvi. 
Sig. : One pill every five hours. 
Indications : General stimulant for horses suffering 
from inflammatory respiratory diseases. 
STIMULANT PILLS (Horse). 
R. R. Bell, D.V.S., 
Brooklyn, N. Y. 
ASTHENIC PNEUMONIA (Horse). 
R. Extracti belladonnas fl., 
Extracti nucis vomicae fl aa 30. 
Ammon, muriat 90. 
M. Aquae dest q.s. ad 480. 
Sig. : Give 15cc. with syringe every two or three hours. 
L. A. Merillat, V.S., 
Chicago, III. 
169 170 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
VOMITING (Dog). 
R. Acidi carbolici gr. iij. 
Bismuthi subnit 3 j. 
Tr. opii camph 3 ss. 
Glycerini 3 ss. 
Aq. cinnamomi q.s. ad 3 jss. 
M. 
Sig. : Give 1 to 2 teaspoonfuls every hour or two until 
nausea stops. 
{Note.-If the mixture is immediately vomited, repeat 
every 10 or 15 minutes until a dose is retained.) 
E. L. Quitman, M.D.C., 
Chicago, III. 
ERYTHEMA AND ECZEMA VESICULOSUM (Dog). 
B. Sulphuris sublimati iv. 
Olei picis liquida? 3 viij. 
Camphorse . | j. 
Saponis viridis 3 iv. 
Alcohol | viij. 
Aquae calcis Ojss. 
M. et ft. lotio. 
For sarcoptic mange add to the above oil of cade, 3 iv. 
Cecil French, D.V.S., 
Washington, D. C. 
CHRONIC BRONCHITIS (Old Dogs). 
Spiritus glonoini 0.01. 
Glycerini 10.0. 
Aqua? 100.0. 
Misce et Sig. : Give fox terrier a teaspoonful twice daily. 
F. H. Miller, V.S., 
New York City. APPENDIX. 
171 
CONGESTION (Horse). 
B. Acetanilid § j. 
Fl. ext. jaborandi j. 
Liq. ammon. acet 3 iv. 
Aquae 3 viij. 
M. 
Sig. : Give at one dose and repeat in whole or part in 
one hour if free diaphoresis is not established and the 
temperature greatly reduced. 
Useful in congestive stage of bronchitis, pneumonia, or 
pleurisy. Horse should be heavily clothed. 
S. Stewart, M.D., D.V.M., 
Kansas, Mo. 
ASCARIS MEGALOCEPHALIA (Horse). 
B. Olei terebinthinae 3 iv. 
01 ei lini Oij. 
M. 
Sig. : Give at one dose. 
B. F. Kaupp, D.V.S., 
Kansas City, Mo. 
SEVERE COLIC (Horse). 
Fl. ext. veratri viridi ^viij. 
Spt. ammon. aromatici ss. 
Chloralis hydratis § j. 
M. 
Sig. : Given in pint and half of water as a drench. 
John M. Parker, D.V.S., 
Haverhill, Mass. 172 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
COLLYRIUM (Dog). 
R. Pulv. aluminis gr. j. 
Acidi borici gr. x. 
Aq. dest = j. 
M. et ft. collyrium. 
Sig. : Few drops in the eyes twice or thrice daily. Good 
for conjunctivitis of a catarrhal type. 
F. R. Hanson, D.V.S., 
New York City. 
UNGUENTUM (Horse). 
R. Unguenti oxidi 3 vj. 
Pulveris cupri sulph 3 ij. 
M. 
Sig. : Apply to diseased parts in cases of scratches, sad- 
dle-galls, etc. 
II. W. Acheson, D.V.S., 
Washington, D. C. 
OSTEOPOROSIS (Horse). 
R. Extracti nucis vomicse 24.0 to 48.0 
Sodii salicylas 96.0 to 182.0 
Fiat pulveres xxiv. 
Sig. : Give 1 powder in ground feed 2 to 3 times daily. 
To be given in Osteoporosis supplemented by weekly 
intravenous injections of 1 gram of barium chloride dis- 
solved in 10 c.c. of distilled and sterilized water, providing 
temperature is not above the normal. 
C. A. Cary, B.S., D.V.M., 
Auburn, Ala. APPENDIX. 
173 
CARDIAC WEAKNESS (Horse). 
Ext. nuc. vomic. fl., 
Ext. digitali fl aa 3 ij. 
Glycerini., 
Spir. vini dilutis aa q.s. ad 3 vj. 
Misce et fiat mistura. 
Sig- : 3 j- every 8 hours. 
C. E. Clayton, D.V.S., 
New York City. 
COLLYRIUM (Horse or Dog). 
Sodii bicarbonatis .. 2.0. 
Formalin gutt. v. 
Aquae distillatae 100.0. 
Misce fiat solutio. 
Sig. : Eye-water for conjunctivitis, also in cases of ul- 
cers of the cornea. 
W. Lellmann, ACS., 
New York City. 
COLIC (Horse). 
5. Sulph. aetheris § j. 
Spts. ammoniae aromatici 3 iij. 
Pulv. aloes 3 vj. 
Fl. ext. zingiberis.. 
Fl. ext. cannabis indicae aa § j. 
Aquae q.s. § viij. 
Sig. : Two tablespoonfuls in a little water every 30 min- 
utes until relieved. 
H. M. Ball, D.V.S., 
Buffalo, N Y. 174 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
PURPURA HEMORRHAGICA (Horse). 
B. Ext. ergot fl 3 j. 
Tinct. terebinthinae., 
Tinct. ferri mur aa 3 iij. 
Olei lini q.s. ad Oj. 
M. et fiat Haustus. 
Sig. : 3 j. every 3 hours. 
E. B. Ackerman, D.V.S., 
Brooklyn, N. Y. 
ANTIPYRETIC (Horse). 
B. Quiniae sulph | j. 
Petrolati 3 iv. 
M. 
Sig. : Give horse a lump the size of an olive 3 or 4 times 
daily. Useful way to administer quinine when indicated. 
Austin Peters, D.V.S., 
Boston, Mass. 
ANAESTHETIC (Dog). 
B. Morphinae sulphatis 0.1. 
Atrop. sulphatis 0.006. 
Aquae 1.25. 
Misce et fiat solutio. 
Sig. : Inject hypodermically 25 minutes before oper- 
ating. 
For producing general analgesia for operating on large 
dogs ; St. Bernards ; safe. 
F. H. Miller, V.S., 
New York City. APPENDIX. 
175 
RHEUMATIC BALL (Horse). 
5. Pulv. colcliici radicis 3 j. 
Ac. salicylici 3 j. 
Hyd. chlor, mitis 3 j. 
Pulv. aloe Barbadensis 3 iv. 
Theriacae q.s. 
Misce et fiat bolus. 
Sig; : Give 1 ball every other day until purgation sets in. 
Wm. Dougherty, D.V.S., 
Baltimore, Md. 
WORMS (Dog). 
B. Oleo-resinae aspidii iq,v. vel gr. 3 j. 
Kamalae gr. ss. vel gr. v. 
Santonini gr. vel gr. v. 
M. 
Sig. : One dose given in any purgative vehicle. Useful 
for tape, round, or uncinaria. 
Cecil French, D.V.S., 
Washington, D. C. 
LAXATIVE (Dog). 
B. Extracti cascarae sagradae gr. xij. 
Extracti rhei gr. xxiv. 
Extracti nucis vomicae gr. jss. 
Aloini gr. vj. 
Glycerini q.s. 
Misce et fiant pilulae No. vj. 
Sig.: One or two pills ; repeated after 24 hours if neces- 
sary. 
H. D. Hanson, D.V.S., 
New York City. 176 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING 
" ACUTE INDIGESTION " (Horse). 
IJ. Creolin 30. 
01. terebinth 30. 
Spt. ammon. aromat 30. 
Sig. . To be given at once, each in separate capsules, to- 
gether with usual dose of physostigmine hypodermically. 
L. A. Merillat, V.S., 
Chicago, III. 
OPACITIES OF CORNEA (any animal). 
IJ. Ungt. hydrarg. nitratis 3 ij. 
Lanolini j. 
M. 
Sig. : Apply with mild friction, once or twice daily, over 
eye-lids and around orbital fossae. 
If of long standing give iodide of potash internally for 
the dog, and for horses the following is a little cheaper : 
IJ. Iodi resub 3 iij. 
Potas, iod 1 jss. 
Aq I xi j. 
Misce fiat Sol. 
Sig. : One ounce 3 times daily in 4 ounces water. 
E. L. Quitman, M.D.C., 
Chicago, 111. 
ECZEMA (Dog). 
IJ. Ichthyol 3 ij. 
Aquae destill q.s. ad | ij. 
Misce fiat solutio. 
C. E. Clayton, D.V.S., 
New York City. APPENDIX. 
177 
OXYURIS CURVULA (Horse). 
R. Tincturae ferri chloridi 3 ij. 
Aquae ferventis 0viij. 
M. 
Sig. : Inject into rectum. 
B. F. Kaupp, D.V.S., 
Kansas City, Mo. 
FEVER MIXTURE (Horse). 
R. Tinct. bellad. folii f 3 ij. 
Sp. aeth. nitrosi., 
Liq. am. acetas aa f 3 iij. 
M. ft. mistura. 
Sig. : One ounce at a dose. 
The addition of two ounces of tinct. cinch, comp, as the 
fever subsides adds much to its value and efficacy. 
May be used in influenza. 
W. Horace Hoskins, D.V.S., 
Philadelphia, Pa. 
ANTIPYRETIC (Horse). 
R. Quininae sulph § j. 
Spts. aetheris nitrosi 3 vj. 
Tinct. ferri chloridi § iij. 
Aquae q.s. Oij. 
M. 
Sig. : 3 ij. every two hours. 
Conditions where the temperature is alarming. 
H. W. Acheson, D.V.S., 
Washington, D. C. 178 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
SYNOVITIS (Horse). 
R. Zinci oxidi., 
Aluminis., 
Amyli aa 3 ss. 
Carbo, ligni 5 j. 
M. 
Sig. : Apply once daily, taking care not to remove clot 
or scab after it has once formed. 
The zinc oxide may sometimes be replaced by iodoform 
with advantage. 
J. M. Parker, D.V.S., 
Haverhill, Mass. 
STRYCHNINE POISONING (Rapid Emesis) (Dog). 
R. Apomorphinae hydrochloratis 0.002 
Aquae 4.0 
Misce et fiat solutio. 
Sig. : Entire quantity to be injected hypodermically if 
patient is size of a shepherd dog ; or | or | of the amount, 
as required, if the dog be smaller. 
F. IL Miller, V.S., 
New York City. 
SCABIES (Dog). 
R. Hydrarg. bichloridi gr. vj. 
Alcoholis 3 j. 
Aquae q.s. ad 3 viij. 
M. et ft. lotio. 
Sig. : After washing parts apply once a day. Be careful 
lest the animal lick the lotion. 
F. R. Hanson, D.V.S., 
New York City. APPENDIX. 
179 
TONIC (Horse). 
B. Fl. ext. nucis vomicae 3 vj. 
Fl. ext. digitalis 3 ij- 
Quininae sulphatis 3 iv. 
Spt. vini rect § xij 
M. 
Sig- : 3 j- i- d- in water (half pint). 
Useful during convalescence after fevers. 
Coleman Nockolds, V.S., M.D., 
Grand Rapids, Mich. 
PURPURA HEMORRHAGICA (Horse). 
5. Aromatic sulph. acid 3 j. 
Tinct. ferri chloridi | ij. 
Liq. potass, arsenatis 3 ij. 
Aquas q.s. § viij. 
M. 
Sig. : Two tablespoonfuls with 3 iv. chlor, pot. every 
five hours. 
H. M. Ball, D.V.S., 
Buffalo, N. Y. 
LOTION (Horse). 
5. Tr. Myrrh., 
Tr. aloes aa ^ij. 
Creosoti (beechwood) | j. 
M. 
Sig. : Apply with camel's-hair brush or feather to the 
affected part only. 
Useful in calks, wounds, open-joints. 
L. L. Conkey, D.V.S., 
Grand Rapids, Mich. 180 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
CONSTIPATION (Dog). 
B- Tinct. nucis vomicae 3 ss. 
Tinct. gentianae comp 3 iij. 
Syr. cascarae sagradae q.s. 3 iij. 
M. 
Sig. : One teaspoonful three times daily. 
Indigestion, chronic constipation, and any relaxed condi- 
tion of the bowels. 
Alex. Glass, V.S., 
Philadelphia, Pa. 
TETANUS (Horse). 
B- Barii chloridi 10. 
Aquae dest 30. 
Sig. : Give per mouth in drinking-water in tetanus once 
a week ; treat infected wound by freely opening it and 
applying antiseptics. 
C. A. Cary, B.S., D.V.M., 
Auburn, Ala. 
GASTRITIS (Dog). 
ty. Bismuth, subgall gr. xx. 
Papoid gr. xxx. 
Codei sulph gr. j. 
Salol gr. iij. 
Sacch. albi 3 iv. 
M. et fiat chart. No. x. 
Sig. : One as indicated. 
E. B. Ackerman, D.V.S., 
Brooklyn, N. K APPENDIX. 
181 
UNGUENTUM (Dog). 
1$. Bismuthii subnit 3 ij. 
Lanolin 3 j. 
M. 
Sig. : Apply when necessary. For itching skin disease 
in dogs. 
H. W. Acheson, D.V.S., 
Washington, D. C. 
AZ0TUR1A (Horse). 
B. Aloes Barbadensis 3 ij. 
Glycerini 3 j. 
Aquas fervens Oj. 
Misce et fiat Haustus. 
Sig. : Give at once and follow with : 
B. Sodii bicarbonatis f xxxij. 
Fiat chartulae No. iv. 
Sig. : One powder dissolved in a pint of cold water to 
be given every four hours as a drench ; follow again with, 
B- Sanmetto 3 viij. 
Sig.: One fluid ounce every four hours. 
R. W. Ellis, D.V.S., 
New York City. 
INTESTINAL CATARRH (Dog). 
B- Argenti nitratis gr. ij. vel gr. iv. 
Bismuthi subnitratis 3 ij. vel 3 vj. 
M. ft. in caps. No. xx. 
Sig. : One t. i. d. after primary full purgative dose of 
castor oil. 
Cecil French, D.V.S., 
Washington, D. C. 182 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
PRURITUS (Dog). 
R. Orthoform 3.0 
Ichthyol 5.0 
Ung. lenitiv., 
Lanolin aa 15.0 
Misce fiat unguentum. 
Sig. External use only. 
W. Lellmann, V.S., 
New York City. 
THRUSH (Horse). 
R. Cupri subacetatis., 
Pulv. cupri sulph aa | ss. 
Adipis | iv. 
M. et ft. unguentum. 
Sig. : Apply to diseased portions of the frog daily, until 
no longer needed. 
Austin Peters, D.V.S., 
Boston, Mass. 
ELECTU ARIUM (Horse). 
R. Fl. ext. belladonnas 3 vj. 
Pot. chloratis 5 j. 
Petrolati § vii j. 
M. 
Sig. : Tablespoonful on tongue three or four times 
daily. 
Petrolatum is an exceedingly useful medium, especially 
in affections of the lungs or throat. 
J. M. Parker, D.V.S., 
Haverhill, Mass. APPENDIX. 
183 
ANOREXIA (Horse). 
R. Tr. cinchonas., 
Tr. gentianas., 
Tr. quassias., 
Tr. capsici aa q.s. 240.0 
M. 
Sig. : 30 c.c. before each meal in capsule or syringe. 
L. A. Merillat, V.S., 
Chicago, III. 
COUGH REMEDY (Horse). 
Spt. ammonias aromat § ij. 
Fl. ext. cannabis indicae | ss. 
Fl. ext. belladonnas | j. 
Fl. ext. glycyrrhizae | ij. 
Aquae q.s. 
M. 
Sig. : One tablespoonful three times a day. 
H. M. Ball, D.V.S., 
Buffalo, N. Y. 
DIURETIC (Horse) 
R. Ext. colchici fl 30.00 
Ext. digitalis fl 15.00 
Spt. aetheris nitrosi | viij. 240.00 
Aquae q.s. ad 480.00 
M. et fiat mistura. 
Sig. : 60 c.c. every three hours. 
F. R. Hanson, D.V.S., 
Neiv York City. 184 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
LINIMENTUM CHLOROFORM UM (Horse). 
B. Chloroformi., 
Aquae ammoniae aa ^j. 
Spiritus vini rectificati 3 ij. 
Spiritus albae q.s. Oj. 
Misce et fiat linimentum. 
William Dougherty, D.V.S., 
Baltimore, Md. 
LINIMENTUM (Horse). 
B. Tinct. cantharidis 
Tinct. capsici 
Camphorae gummi 
aa I ij. 
Linimenti saponis 5 viij. 
M. 
Sig. : For external use in cases where a liniment is re- 
quired. 
H. W. Acheson, D.V.S., 
Washington, D. C. 
COLIC (Young Dogs). 
W- Tincturae opii camphorate 24.00 
Tincture zingiberis radicis 30.00 
Spiritus aetheris nitrosi 20.00 
Bismuthi subcarbonatis 4.00 
Aquae q.s. ad 120.00 
Misce et fiat mistura. 
Sig. : 15 c.c. ; repeated as often as necessary. 
H. D. Hanson, D.V.S., 
New York City. APPENDIX. 
185 
CRACKED HEELS (Horse). 
R. Zinci oxidi., 
lodoformi aa 3 ij. 
Petrolati | j. 
M. 
Sig. : Apply twice a day. 
Coleman Nockolds, V.S., M.D., 
Grand Rapids, Mich. 
LOTION (Dog). 
R. Sodii sulphocarbolat 3 iv. 
Olei picis., 
Olei ceti aa 3 ij. 
M. et fiat lotio. 
Sig. Apply every third day, well rubbed in. 
For chronic eczema and mange in the dog. 
R. R. Bell, D.V.S., 
Brooklyn, N. Y. 
LOCAL ANESTHETIC (Dog). 
R. Cocainag hydrochlor, (sterilized). 0.2 
Sodii chlorid 0.2 
Morphinae hydrochlor 0.025 
Aquae dest 100.0 
Acidi carbolici 4-5 drops. 
M. 
Sig. : Subcutaneous injection before operation. Useful 
in removing tumors. 
Olof Schwarzkopf, V.M.D., 
Flushing, N. K. 186 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
CUTANEOUS AFFECTIONS (Dog). 
B. Balsami Peruvian!., 
Alcoholis aa ij. 
M. 
Sig. : Apply to part once or twice daily. 
J. M. Parker, D.V.S., 
Haverhill, Mass. 
ERYTHEMA (Horse). 
B. Plumbi subacetat., 
Alum, exsiccat aa § ss. 
Ichthyol 3 ij« 
Sulphuris 3 ij. 
Petrolati q.s. 
M. et fiat unguentum. 
Sig. : Apply three or four times a day. 
C. E. Clayton, D.V.S., 
New York City. 
ECZEMA OR ERYTHEMA (Horse or Dog). 
IJ.. Sulphur sublim., 
Acidi salicylici aa | ss. 
Petrolati 5 iv. 
M. et ft. unguentum. 
Sig.: Apply once or twice daily. 
I have found this an excellent application where an an- 
tiseptic and slightly stimulating ointment is required. 
Austin Peters, D.V.S., 
Boston, Mass. APPENDIX. 
187 
FLATULENT COLIC (Horse). 
R. Tinct. opii, 
Tinct. zingiberis rad aa § ij. 
Ess. menthae piperitae 3 v. 
Aquae O.j. 
M. 
Sig.: Give at one dose. Useful in mild attacks. 
R. W. Ellis, D.V.S., 
New York City. 
OTITIS (Dogs). 
R. Aristol gr. xxx. 
Ether sulph., 
01. olivae aa 3 ss. 
M. 
Sig. : Dropped into ear as directed once or twice daily. 
The ether carries the aristol deeply into the tissues, 
where it seems to do the most good. 
J. M. Parker, D.V.S., 
Haverhill, Mass. 
ABSORBING MIXTURE (Horse or Dog). 
R. Potass, iod 3 ij. 
Pulv. iod. cryst 3 j. 
Camphorae 3 iv. 
Spts. vini rect $ iv. 
M. et fiat linimentum. 
Sig.: Apply externally with stiff brush. 
For swellings, indurated glands, thickening of skin, etc. 
E. B. Ackerman, D.V.S., 
Brooklyn, N. K 188 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
DIARRLHEA (Dogs). 
B- Pulv. opii gr. iij. 
Plumbi acet gr. vij. 
Cretae prep 3 j- 
M. et fiat pil. No. v. 
Sig. : One every three hours. 
II. M. Ball, D.V.S., 
Buffalo, N. Y. 
COUGH (Dog). 
B. Morphinae gr. jss. 
Potassii cyanidi gr. ij. 
Syr. pruni Virginiae § iij. 
M. 
Sig. : One teaspoonful three times daily. 
Chronic or persistent cough, and in the later stages of 
pharyngitis and bronchitis. 
Alex. Glass, V.S., 
Philadelphia, Pa. 
LOTION (Horse). 
B< Magnesias carbonatis § ij. 
Spiritus camphorae | ij. 
Potassii nitratis 5 ij. 
Aquae q.s. Oij. 
Dissolve magnesia in one quart of water, add camphor, 
then potash, then water. 
For bruises, acute inflammations as lymphangitis. 
Wm. Dougherty, D.V.S., 
Baltimore, Md. APPENDIX. 
189 
HAEMORRHOIDS (Dog). 
R. Ung. zinci | ij. 
Ext. opii gr. xx. 
M. et fiat unguentum. 
Sig. : Apply once or twice a day. 
F. R. Hanson, D.V.S., 
New York City. 
GASTRITIS (Dog). 
R. Cerii oxalat gr. xij. 
Bismuthi subnitratis gr. xvj. 
Pepsini scalae gr. vj. 
Pii. massae q.s. 
M. et fiat pilulae No. vj. 
Sig. : One pill half hour before feeding. 
Indications : for slight gastritis and vomiting in small 
pet dog. 
R. R. Bell, D.V.S., 
Brooklyn, N. Y. 
CATHARTIC (Cow). 
R. Magnesii sulph lb. jss. 
Pulv. zingib. rad § ij. 
M. 
Sig. : Give in one dose dissolved in warm water. 
Useful in parturient apoplexy and in most forms of in- 
digestion. 
Austin Peters, D.V.S., 
Boston, Mass. 190 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
DYSENTERY NEONATORUM (Dog). 
5. Glycozone (Marchand). 
Sig. : 4 c.c. four times a day. 
IJ. Hydrozone (Marchand). 
Sig. : 4 c.c. four times daily, alternated with preceding. 
To be given in wineglassful water. 
L. A. Merillat, V.S., 
Chicago, III. 
HAEMORRHOIDS (Dog). 
5. Ichthyol 3j. 
Tinct. opii 3 ij. 
Unguent, zinci 3 j. 
M. et fiat unguentum. 
Sig. : Apply three times a day. 
C. E. Clayton, D.V.S., 
New York City. 
ACUTE RHEUMATISM (Horse). 
Quin, sulph 3 j.-jss. 
Pulv. bellad. fol., 
Pulv. colchici seni aa 5 jss. 
Pulv. potas, nit., 
Sodii salicylatis aa 3 iij. 
M. Ft. chart. No. xii. 
Sig.: One powder every four (4) hours (best made into 
form of an electuary at time of administration). 
E. L. Quitman, M.D.C., 
Chicago, III. APPENDIX. 
191 
ANOREXIA CAPSULE (Dog). 
R. Acid, arseniosi. gr. ss. vel gr. j. 
Ext. gentiana? gr. xx. vel 3 j. 
Quininae mur gr. xx. vel gr. xl. 
Ext. Damianae gr. xx. vel gr. xl. 
M. Ft. caps. No. xx. 
Sig. : One t. i. d. 
Cecil French, D.V.S., 
Washington, D. C. 
CATHARTIC (Cow). 
R. Sodii sulphatis, 
Magnesiae sulphatis aa 5 xij. 
Aquae ferventis q.s. 
Misce. 
Sig. : Give at one dose. 
B. F. Kaupp, D.V.S., 
Kansas City, Mo. 
SEDATIVE PILLS (Dog). 
R. Potassii bromidi, 
Pulveris camphorae aa gr. xl. 
Extracti hyoscyami gr. xvj. 
Extracti Valerianae gr. xxij. 
Misce et fiat pilulae No. viij. 
Sig. : One or two pills every two to four hours as the 
case requires. 
H. D. Hanson, D.V.S., 
New York City. 192 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
DIARRHCEA (Calves). 
B- Tinct. kino % iij. 
Cretae preparatae. § j. 
M. 
Sig. : 3 ij. three times daily. 
For calves and fowls suffering from simple diarrhoea. 
II. W. Acheson, D.V.S., 
Washington, D. C. 
DISTEMPER (Dog). 
B. Hydrarg chlor gr. j. 
Bismuthi subnitras 3 ij. 
Pepsin, sacchar 3 ss. 
M. Ft. charta No. xij. 
Sig. : One powder three times daily. 
Useful in diarrhoea, dysentery, and especially the re- 
laxed condition seen during distemper. 
Alex. Glass, V.S., 
Ph iladelph ia, Pa. 
ANTHELMINTIC (Horse). 
B. Carbonis disulphidi 30.0 
Olei lini 90.0 
Sig. : Give as one drench. 
Used for destroying larvae of Gastrophilus eqni in stom- 
ach of healthy horse. It can be followed in 6 to 12 hours 
with purgative. Larvae will come away without purgative 
in about three days. 
C. A. Cary, B.S., D.V.M., 
Auburn, Ala. APPENDIX. 
193 
LINIMENTUM (Dog). 
3. Beta naphthol, 
Ichthyol aa 10.0 
01. olivarum 200.0 
Misce et fiat linimentum. 
Sig.: Liniment for chronic eczema and also for para- 
sitic dermatoses. 
W. Lellmann, V.S., 
New York City. 
TONIC AND DIURETIC (Horse). 
Nucis vomicae pulv 3 vj. 
Potassii acetatis pulv 3 vj. 
Gentianae radicis pulv § j. 
Pul. Glycyrrhizae rad 3 xij. 
M. 
Sig.: I j. t. i. d. in feed. 
Coleman Nockolds, V.S., M.D., 
Grand Rapids, Mich. 
CHRONIC BRONCHITIS (Dogs). 
Apomorphinae hydrochloratis 0.02 
Glycerini 10.0 
Aquae 100.0 
Misce et fiat solutio. 
Sig. : Give small house dog (terrier) one teaspoonful 
three times daily for bronchial cough. 
F. H. Miller, V.S., 
New York City. 194 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
FEVER MIXTURE (Horse). 
R. Tinct. aconiti, 
Tinct. digitalis aa ss. 
Spt. vini rect. dil Oj. 
M. 
Sig. : Two ounces every four hours. 
R. W. Ellis, D.V.S., 
New York City. 
ITCHING ECZEMATOUS ERUPTIONS 
(Dogs and Cats). 
One-half to one per cent, solution trikresol with dis- 
tilled water. Applied with a small sponge. Can be used 
on toy dogs without injury to carpets, tapestry, etc. 
W. Horace Hoskins, D.V.S., 
Philadelphia, Pa. 
COLIC (Horse). 
R. Ext. cannabis indicse fl | ij. 
Sig.: 3 j. to 3 j. according to severity of attack in 
cases of spasmodic colic in the horse. May repeat dose if 
not relieved in one hour. 
H. W. Acheson, D.V.S., 
Washington, D. C. 
DUSTING POWDER (Horse). 
R. Zinci oxidi, 
Carbonis ligni aa 3 iv. 
Misce. 
Sig. : Quantum libet, sore neck, shoulders, etc. 
B. F. Kaupp, D.V.S., 
Kansas City, Mo. APPENDIX. 
195 
VESICANT (Horse). 
R. Hydrargyri iodidi rubri 4.0 
Ichthyol 5.0 
Lanolin, 
Vaselin aa 7.5 
Misce fiat unguentum. 
Sig. : For external use only. 
Blister. To be rubbed in for ten minutes. 
W. Lellmann, V.S., 
Nezu York City. 
STIMULANT (Cow). 
R. Spt. camphorae iv. 
Spt. ammon. aromat, 
Spt. aetheris nitrosi aa 3 vj. 
Misce. 
Sig. : Two ounces in a pint of water once every three 
or four hours. 
Useful in parturient apoplexy if the cow can swallow. 
Austin Peters, D.V.S., 
Boston, Mass. 
DIAPHORETIC MIXTURE (Horse). 
R. Ext. pilocarpi fl., 
Tr. arnicae rad aa § j.-jss. 
M. 
Sig. : Give one dose in a pint of water, repeat in an 
hour if necessary. 
(Note.-Have the horse well covered with ivoollen 
blankets.) 
E. L. Quitman, M.D.C., 
Chicago, III. 196 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
CONSTIPATION and DYSPEPSIA (Dogs). 
B. Liq. potass, arsenatis, 
Tr. nucis vomicas, aa 3 ss. 
Tr. opii. camphor 3 ij. 
Sodae bicarb., 
Pulv. rhei aa 3 jss. 
Aquae menth. pip ad. 3 ij. 
M. 
Sig. : 3 j- to 3 ij. in water before each meal. The size 
of dose depends on size of dog. 
H. M. Ball, D.V.S., 
Buffalo, N. Y. 
VESICANT (Horse). 
B. Hydrargyri chloridi corros 3 j. 
Spiritus vini rectificatus., 
Glycerini aa 3 ij. 
Dissolve corrosive sublimate in alcohol, and add glyce- 
rine. 
Blister for curbs and all exostoses. 
Wm. Dougherty, D.V.S., 
Baltimore, Md. 
TRICOPHYTOSIS (Horse). 
B. Chrysarobini 3 ij. 
Collodii 3 ijss. 
Olei amygdalae 3 jss. 
Misce et fiat lotio. 
Sig. : Apply with cameFs-hair brush over the circular 
patches. 
H. D. Hanson, D.V.S., 
New York City. APPENDIX. 
197 
B. Ext. cannabis indicas fluidi 12. 
Spt. aetheris nitrosi 30.0 
Creolini 4.0 
Glycerini 150.0 
Sig. : Give as one drench. 
For acute indigestion with fermentation, it may be 
followed by the dry charcoal. 
If pain continues give fl. ext. cannabis indica, 4.0 to 8.0, 
every 2 hours, or give 4.0 of chloral. 
FLATULENT COLIC (Horse). 
C. A. Cary, B.S., D.V.M., 
Auburn, Ala. 
B- Ext. belladonn. fl., 
Ext. cannabis indie, fl aa § j. 
Tr. opii ij. 
Tr. capsici j. 
Acid, carbol nt xvj. 
M. 
Sig. : 3 j. every half hour, if necessary. 
Useful to leave after veterinarian's departure. 
COLIC (Horse). 
E. B. Ackerman, D.V.S., 
Brooklyn, N. Y. 
IRRITABLE STOMACH (Dog). 
B- Morphinae sulphatis gr. |. 
Aquae dest | j. 
M. 
Sig. : 3 j. every ten minutes. Exceptionally good. 
Coleman Nockolds, V.S., M.D., 
Grand Rapids, Mich. 198 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
SPRAINS (Horse). 
5. Castile soap § iv. 
Carbonate ammonia 3 j. 
Camphor § ij. 
Turpentine 3 xiv. 
Aquae 3 Ivi. 
M. 
Part 1. Dissolve the soap slowly by gentle heat in one 
pint of water. 
Part 2. Dissolve the carbonate ammonia in eight ounces 
of water. 
Part 3. Dissolve the camphor in the turpentine. 
Mix the three parts by briskly shaking the bottle and 
add sufficient water to make fifty-six ounces. 
A useful soap liniment for sprains or other conditions 
where indicated. 
W. Horace Hoskins, D.V.S., 
Philadelphia, Pa. 
TONIC POWDER (Horse). 
5. Ferri sulph, 
Nucis vomicas aa 3 ij. 
Cinchonas, 
Gentianae, 
Glycyrrhizas aa | iv. 
M. 
Sig. : Tablespoonful in each feed. 
The licorice will make it taste better, and usually the 
patient will take it readily in his feed. 
J. M. Parker, D.V.S., 
Haverhill, Mass. APPENDIX. 
199 
UNGUENTUM CANTHARIDIS (Horse). 
R. Resinae, 
Cerae flavae aa 3 iv. 
Adipis xvj. 
Misce et fiat unguentum-addae- 
Pulveris cantharidis, 
Spiritus terebinthinae aa 3 
Melt the first three ingredients, remove from the fire, 
then add the powdered cantharidis and turpentine, stir 
continually while cooling, until the mixture becomes the 
consistency of an ointment. 
Decant for use. This ointment is an excellent mild 
blister, used in strangles, etc. To one ounce of the above 
add red iodide of mercury, one dram; crystal iodine, one 
dram ; rub well together and you have one of the best ab- 
sorbines in use. Good in puffs, bone tumors, or any bony 
enlargement. 
L. L. Conkey, D.V.S., 
Grand Rapids, Mich. 
PURGATIVE (Horse). 
R. Barii chloridi 1 
Aquae dest. (sterilized) 6-10 
Sig. : Inject into jugular with sterilized hypodermic 
syringe. May be used in acute indigestion as a purgative ; 
or once per week in osteoporosis to stimulate voluntary 
and involuntary muscles ; in infectious cerebritis as pur- 
gative. 
Contra-indicated when temperature is above normal, as 
high as 102° Fah. 
C. A. Cary, B.S., D.V.M., 
Auburn, Ala. 200 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
FLATULENT COLIC (Severe) (Horse). 
B. Chloralis hydratis .. 3 j. 
Fiat in capsula. 
Sig. : Give at once: this to be followed by intravenous 
injection in jugular of, 
5. Barii chloridi gr. xv. 
Aquae 3 j- 
Misce et fiat solutio. 
Modus operandi.-Saturate the hair over seat of injec- 
tion with solution of creolin; then raising vein by dis- 
tention (as for bleeding) inject toward head slowly; then 
allow the blood to flow down through the vein for a mo- 
ment before withdrawing the needle to avoid bringing any 
of the solution out with it, thus avoiding the formation of 
an abscess or slough. 
R. W. Ellis, D.V.S., 
New York City. 
CANKER OF EAR AND ECZEMA PUSTULOSUM 
(Dog). 
R. Tri-bromphenol-bismuthi q.s. 
Sig. : To be dusted on to the lesions after first cleansing 
with hydrogen peroxide. 
Cecil French, D.V.S., 
Washington, D. C. 
RINGWORM (Horse). 
R. Ung. sulphuris iodidi 3 j.-iv. 
Sig. : Apply once or twice daily. 
Austin Peters, D.V.S., 
Boston, Mass. APPENDIX. 
201 
COLIC (Horse). 
R. Ext. Nux vomic. fl 3 x. 
Ext. belladonn. fl 3 j. 
Tinct. capsici 3 ij. 
Alcoholis dilutis q.s. ad § ij. 
M. et fiat haustus. 
Sig. : Repeat in a half hour if necessary. 
C. E. Clayton, D.V.S., 
New York City. 
COUGH (Dog). 
R. Ammon, muriat | j. 
Codei sulph gr. j. 
Antikamniae 3 j. 
Syr. sarsaparillae comp., 
Syr. tolu aa |j. 
M. et sig. 3 j. every three or four hours. 
For bronchial or asthmatic cough. 
E. B. Ackerman, D.V.S., 
Brooklyn, N. Y. 
COLLYRIUM (Horse). 
R. Sodae biborati, 
Acidi borici aa 2.0 
Aquae rosae 8.0 
Aquae dest 60.0 
M. 
Sig. : Few drops in eyes, morning and night, for con- 
junctivitis. 
Olof Schwarzkopf, V.M.D., 
Flushing, N. Y. 202 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
SARCOPTIC AND FOLLICULAR SCABIES (Dog). 
B- Benzoini gr. v. 
Camphorae gr. xx. 
Sulph. iodidi gr. xv. 
Sapo duri q.s. ad. 3 iij. 
Sig. : Make a lather and rub well into the skin every 
third day. Wash off at end of seventh day. 
The only way to make a preparation of this valuable 
remedy is to take the ingredients to a soap maker and in- 
corporate them in a super-fatted soap. 
Alex. Glass, V.S., 
Philadelphia, Pa. 
LOTION (Horse). 
B- Tincturae arnicae radicis, 
Tincturae hamamelis, 
Aquae ammoniae aa ij. 
Aquae q.s. ad | xvj. 
Misce. Signa, more dictu. 
Sprained tendons, ligaments, etc. 
B. F. Kaupp, D.V.S., 
Kansas City, Mo. 
CHRONIC CATARRH (Dog). 
B- Menthol gr. vj. 
Olei eucalyptol gtt. xxiv. 
Olei petrolinse | j. 
M. 
Sig : Spray nostrils twice each day. 
Colman Nockolds, V.S., M.D., 
Grand Rapids, Mich. APPENDIX. 
203 
INFLUENZA OR OTHER FEVERS (Horse). 
R. Fl. ext. gentianae 3 iv. 
Spt. aetheris nit 3 iij. 
Tinct. aconit 3 jss. 
Aquae q.s. § viij. 
M. 
Sig.: One to two tablespoonfuls every two or three 
hours in a little water. 
H. M. Ball, D.V.S., 
Buffalo, N. Y. 
COLLYRIUM (Dog). 
R. Atropiae sulph gr. ss. 
Cocainae muriat gr. viij. 
Aquae dest 3 iij. 
M. et ft. collyrium. 
Sig.: Few drops in the eye daily alternated with a satu- 
rated solution of boric acid. 
Alex. Glass, V.S., 
Philadelphia, Pa. 
SLIGHT BRONCHIAL COUGH (Horse). 
R. Fl. ext. belladonnae § ss. 
Syr. scillae, 
Syr. tolutani aa 3 iij. 
M. 
Sig. : Tablespoonful as required. 
By no means the least advantage of the above is that 
horses will like it and look for it. 
J. M. Parker, D.V.S., 
Haverhill, Mass. 204 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
COLIC (Dog). 
B. Pulveris opii gr. iv. 
Pulveris camphorae gr. xl. 
Pulveris capsici gr. viij. 
Bismuthi subnitratis gr. lx. 
Misce et fiant pilulae No. xij. 
Sig. : One or two pills, repeated every hour or two, or as 
the case requires. 
Useful antiseptic, anodyne, and antispasmodic where 
diarrhoea with fermentation is present. 
II. D. Hanson, D.V.S., 
Neto York City. 
B. Pulv. cupri sulphatis 60.0 
Extracti gentianae 60.0 
Pulv. seminis lini 400.0 
Sig. : Give one tablespoonful in ground feed two to 
three times daily. 
For chronic indigestion, and will destroy nematodes in 
alimentary canal of horse. 
NEMATODES (Horse). 
C. A. Cary, B.S., D.V.M., 
Auburn, Ala. 
HAEMORRHOIDS (Dog). 
B. Menthol gr. xx. 
Camphorae gr. x. 
Ung. aq. rosae | ij. 
M. et ft. unguentum. 
Sig. : Apply morning and night. 
Olof Schwarzkopf, V.M.D., 
Flushing, N. Y. APPENDIX. 
205 
ELECTUARIUM (Horse). 
R. Belladonna? rad. extr., 
Picis liquidas aa 3 j. 
Syrupi pruni Virginianae 3 iij. 
Pulv. glycyrrhizae rad v. 
Syrupi fusci q.s. 
M. et fiat electuarium. 
Sig. : Large tablespoonful on tongue three or four 
times a day. 
Indications : Laryngitis or nervous cough in the horse. 
R. R. Bell, D.V.S., 
Brooklyn, N. Y. 
EXPECTORANT (Dog). 
R. Ammon, muriat gr. xij. 
Antimon, et potass. tart..aa gr. iij. 
Morphinae sulph gr. ss. to gr. j. 
Syr. glycyrrhizae | ij. 
M. 
Sig. : 3 j. every three hours. 
Coleman Nockolds, V.S., M.D., 
Grand Rapids, Mich. 
SPASMODIC COLIC (Horse). 
R. Tinct opii, 
Tinct. zingiberis rad aa 3 j. 
Spt. frumenti f iv. 
M. 
Sig. : Give in one dose, undiluted, and repeat in half 
an hour if required. 
R. W. Ellis, D.V.S., 
New York City. 206 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
MIXTURE (Horse). 
R. Ext. nucis vomicae fl j. 
Liq. ammon. acetat., 
Spts. aetheris nitrosi aa 5 iij. 
Spts. vini diluti 5 
Misce et 
Sig.: 5 ij. as a drench every 4 to 6 hours. 
Useful in pneumonia, pleurisy, influenza, etc. 
E. B. Ackerman, D.V.S., 
Brooklyn, N. Y. 
LOTION (Horse). 
R. Hydrargyri chloridi corrosi gr. xx. 
Acidi hydrocyanic! diluti 3 ij. 
Aquae 0 j. 
M. et fiat solutio. 
Sig. : Apply once a day with sponge. 
Indication : Pruritus or itchy manes and tails in horses. 
R. R. Bell, D.V.S., 
Brooklyn, N. Y. 
PURPURA HEMORRHAGICA (Horse). 
R. Strychniae sulphatis 0.3 
Quininae sulphatis 25.0 
Tr. ferri chlor., 
Spt. vini rect aaq.s. ad. 480.0 
M. et 
Sig. : Give 15 c.c. in wineglassful of water every two or 
three hours. 
L. A. Merrilat, V.S., 
Chicago, III. APPENDIX. 
207 
CARDIAC SEDATIVE (Horse). 
R. Extracti veratri viridis fluidi 3 ij. 
Tincturae aconiti 3 j. 
Aquae q.s. ad vj. 
Misce. 
Signa. : Cochlearia magno omni bihorio. 
B. F. Kaupp, D.V.S., 
Kansas City, Mo. 
GENERAL COLIC MIXTURE. 
Ext. cannabis ind. fl., 
Ext. hyoscyami fl aa 3 j-jss. 
Tr. capsici, 
Spts. ammon. arom aa 3 ij.-iij. 
Ac. salicylici, 
Naphthalini aa ss.- 3 vj. 
M. 
Sig. : Give half at a dose in a pint or pint and a half of 
water, repeat in | or % of an hour, if necessary. 
(Note.-Dissolve the salicylic acid in the arom. spts. of 
ammon. ; dissolve the naphthalin in the tr. capsicum, then 
mix and add other ingredients.) 
E. L. Quitman, M.D.C., 
Chicago, III. 
CHRONIC GASTRITIS (Dog). 
R. Argenti nitratis gr. ij. 
M. et ft. capsulae No. xx. 
Sig. : One capsule t. i. d. after meals. 
Coleman Nockolds, V.S., M.D., 
Grand Rapids, Mich. 208 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
3. Codeinae phosphatis 0.75 
Aquae amygdalae amarae 5.0 
Mucilago gummi mimosi 50.0 
Aquae 100.0 
Misce et fiat mistura. 
Sig. : Give one teaspoonful three times daily. 
For cough due to bronchial irritation following distem- 
per in fox terrier. 
BRONCHIAL COUGH (Dog). 
F. H. Miller, V.S., 
New York City. 
DUSTING POWDER (Horse). 
R. Acid, salicyl., 
Alum, exsiccat aa 3 ij. 
Lycopodii 5 j. 
Carbo, animalis | ss. 
M. et fiat pulvis in scatula. 
Dressing powder for wounds, to dry and promote heal- 
ing. 
C. E. Clayton, D.V.S., 
New York City. 
ECZEMA (Dog). 
R. Hydrarg. biniodidi (rubri)., 
Arsenic iodidi aa gr. ss. 
Ferri iodidi gr. j. 
M. et ft. pilulae No. xv. 
Sig. : One pill twice daily in the food. If emesis is 
produced use half the dose. 
Useful in all scaly skin diseases and rheumatism. 
Alex. Glass, V.S., 
Philadelphia, Pa. APPENDIX. 
209 
DISTEMPER (Dogs, 30 to 40 lbs.). 
R. Quin, hydrobromatis gr. xv. 
Liq. potas, arsen 3 ss. 
Ammon, carb, pulv gr. xij. to xxiv. 
Mist, glycyrrhizae comp 5 iij. 
M. Spts. frumenti q.s. ad vj. 
Sig. : Half ounce every 3 or 4 hours, diluted with a 
little water or milk. 
E. L. Quitman, M.D.C., 
Chicago, 111. 
ECZEMA (Dog). 
R. Zinci sulphatis. 3 ij. 
Plumbi acetatis 3 ss. 
Acidi carbolici 3 j. 
Aquae rosse q.s. ad 5 viij. 
M. et fiat lotio. 
Sig. : Shake the bottle (after washing the parts) and 
apply thoroughly once a day. It may be necessary to di- 
lute the above. 
F. R. Hanson, D.V.S., 
New York City. 
SCABIES (Dog). 
R. Ichthyol 3 iss. 
Saponis viridis | j 
M. 
Sig. : After wetting the coat rub with warm water till 
lather is produced and let remain half an hour, then rinse 
with tepid water containing creolin one drachm to a quart. 
R. W. Ellis, D.V.S., 
New York City. 210 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
HEALING OIL (Horse). 
R. Sanitas (crude) § j. 
Olei petrolati rubri 3 viij. 
Misce et fiat linimentum. 
Sig. : External use. 
For healing and disinfecting foul and indolent ulcers. 
Exceptionally good for punctured wounds of foot; has- 
tens granulations, and destroys odor of foot. 
Wm. Dougherty, D.V.S., 
Baltimore, Md. 
DISTEMPER (Dogs). 
R. Phenacetine gr. xxiv. 
Caffeine gr. viij. 
M. Ft. chart No. xii. 
Sig. : Give powder three times daily. 
The caffeine counteracting the depressing influence of 
the phenacetine. 
J. M. PARKER, D.V.S., 
Haverhill, Mass. 
EPILEPTIC FITS (Dog). 
R. Potassii bromidi 3 jss. 
Tincturae opii 3 ij. 
Aquae 3 iv. 
Misce et fiat mistura. 
Sig. : Tablespoonful every half to three hours, accord- 
ing to indications, size of dog, etc. 
IL D. Hanson, D.V.S., 
New York City. APPENDIX. 
211 
MANGE OIL (Dog). 
B* Creasoti., 
Sanitas aa § j. 
Olei petrolati rubri § vj. 
Misce et fiat linimentum. 
Sig. : External use. 
Wm. Dougherty, D.V.S., 
Baltimore, Md. 
DUSTING POWDER (Horse). 
B. lodoformi 3 j. 
Zinci sulphatis § ss. 
Carbonis animalis., 
Terrae exsic aa § ij. 
M. and put in box with piece of absorbent cotton for 
dusting on. 
Sig. : Dust over sores once daily. 
Indications : Any surface needing an antiseptic drying 
powder. 
R. R. Bell, D.V.S., 
Brooklyn, N. Y. 
CIRCUMSCRIPT PRURITUS (Dog). 
B- Extract, belladonn. fl 0.50 
Glycerini, 
Aquae rosae aa 25.00 
Misce et fiat mistura. 
Sig. : Sponge small quantity into irritated surface twice 
daily and powder over with talcum. 
F. H. Mil^_ V.S., 
New York City. 212 
PRESCRIPTION WRITING. 
COLIC (Horse). 
Fl. ext. cannabis indicas 3 ij. for the pains (the dose to 
be frequently repeated until pain is controlled), followed 
by, 
IJ. Olei menthas piperitae 3 ij. 
Olei terebinthinae § j. 
Olei lini Oj. 
M. 
Sig. : To be repeated as required. 
S. Stewart, M.D., D.V.M., 
Kansas City, Mo. 
RAPID CARDIAC STIMULANT (Horse). 
IJ. Ammonias carbonatis 60.00 
Camphorae gummi, 
Extracti hyoscyami aa 15.00 
Pulveris capsici 8.00 
Misce et fiat capsulas No. iv. 
Sig. : Give one capsule and repeat in half hour or so ac- 
cording to the indications. 
Good in true cardiac weakness. 
H. D. Hanson, D.V.S., 
New York City. 
TAPEWORM (Dog). 
IJ. Tenaline * Ulxx. vel 3 ij. 
M. 
S. : To be given in milk or oil. 
CBcil French, D.V.S., 
Washington, D. C. 
* Active principle of Areca nut, prepared by Willows, Francis, 
Butler and Ayscough Thompson, London. APPENDIX. 
213 
CARDIAC STIMULANT (Horse). 
Tincturae strophanthi 3 vj. 
Extracti digitalis fluidi 3 iv. 
Tincturae nucis vomicae 3 vj. 
Aquae q.s. ad 3 xij. 
Misce et fiat mistura. 
Sig. : One ounce every three hours. 
Useful in cardiac dilatation and especially at the time of 
crisis in pneumonia, continuing its use for some time. It 
usually takes several doses to obtain results. 
H. D. Hanson, D.V.S., 
New York City. INDEX 
A 
PAGE 
Abbreviations, in prescriptions 42 
misleading 24 
Ablative case 28 
Absolute weight 60 
Absorbing mixture 187 
Abstracts 76 
Accent 27 
Accusative case 28 
Acids 56 
incompatibility of 49 
Acidum, declension of 33 
Adjectives, first declension 39 
numeral 39 
second declension 39 
third declension 39 
Adjuvant 20 
Administration of drugs 79 
Adverbs, numeral 39 
^Ether, as a solvent 56 
Alcohol, as a solvent 55 
Allotting quantities in a prescription 21 
Aloes, declension of 32 
Alphabet, Latin 26 
Anaesthetic for dog 174 
local 185 
Anorexia combination 183, 191 
Antagonists 52 
Anthelmintic combination 192 
Antipyretic 174, 177 
Apomorphine 80 216 
INDEX. 
PAGE 
Apothecaries' measure 61 
weights 60 
Apparent weight 60 
Appendix 169 
Aquae, as a solvent 55 
as a vehicle , 72 
Arnica, declension of 31 
Asthenic pneumonia, prescription for 169 
Atropine, hypodermically 80 
Auxiliary in a prescription 20 
B 
Balls 77 
Barium chloride 84 
prescription containing .. .180, 199, 200 
Basis in a prescription 20 
Blistering ointment 196, 199 
Bolus, definition 77 
Brandy, hypodermically 80 
Bronchitis, prescription for 170 
C 
Calomel, incompatibility of 50 
Cannabis Indica, prescription containing 212 
Cantharides blister 199 
Capsules 77 
Carbolic acid 81 
Cardiac stimulant 173, 212, 213 
Cardinals 39 
Cascara sagrada, prescription containing 175 
Case, ablative 28 
accusative 28 
dative 27 
genitive 27 
nominative 27 
vocative 28 
Centigramme 64, 66 
Centiliter 63 INDEX. 
217 
PAGE 
Centimeter 63, 66 
Cerates 76 
Ceratum 76 
Characters, symbolic 21 
Chartae 76 
Chemical incompatibility 51 
solution 55 
Chief ingredient 20 
Chloral hydrate 89 
Cinchona, incompatibility of 52 
Cocaine, hypodermically 80 
Colchicum, prescription containing 183 
Colic remedy 173, 187, 201, 207, 212 
Collodions 72 
Collyria 172, 173, 201 
Combinations, dangerous 52 
Combining of drugs, principles of 47 
Confections 76 
Consonants, in Latin 26 
Construction, grammatical 26 
Corrective in a prescription 20 
Cubic centimeter 66 
Cyathus 61 
D 
Dangerous combinations 52 
Dative of prescription 22 
Dative case 27 
Decigramme 64 
Deciliter 63 
Decimeter 63, 66 
Declension, fifth 37 
first 31 
fourth 37 
second 33 
third - 34 
Declension of acidum 33 
of adjectives 39 
of aloe 32 218 
INDEX. 
PAGE 
Declension of arnica 31 
of liquor 35 
of nouns 31 
of syrupus 33 
Declensions 31 
Decoctions 74 
Dekagramme 64 
Dekameter 63 
Description of patient in prescriptions 22 
Dessert-spoonful 61 
Digitalis, prescription containing 213 
Diluent 20 
Diphthongs, in Latin 26 
Directions to pharmacist 22 
Diuretic combination 183 
Dosage 78 
Doses, table of, by the mouth 81 
table of, hypodermically 80 
unusual 23 
Drachm 21, 60 
Drops in fluid drachm 61 
Drugs, principles of combining 47 
table of solubilities 57 
Dusting powder 194, 208, 211 
E 
Electuary, prescriptions for 205 
Elixirs 72 
Emplastra 76 
Emulsions 75 
Endings, fifth declension 38 
first 31 
fourth 37 
second 33 
third 35 
Equivalent metric quantities in grains 65 
Equivalents of solutions of various strengths 71 
Erroneous combinations 52 
Example of a model prescription 23 INDEX. 
219 
PAGE 
Excipients, liquid 77 
solid 77 
Extra labels 24 
Extracts, fluid 74 
causes of precipitation 74 
F 
Fifth declension 37 
First declension 31 
Fits, prescription for 210 
Fluid drachm 21,61 
drops in 61 
extracts 74 
ounce 21, 61 
Fourth declension 37 
Form of drugs administered 47 
prescription 23 
Formula, symbolic 21 
G 
Gallon 67 
Gastritis, prescription for 180, 189, 207 
Gelatin capsules 77 
Gender 27 
rules for 27 
Genitive case 27 
Glycerine as a solvent 56 
Glycerites 73 
Grain 21, 60 
Grammatical analysis of a prescription 29 
construction of prescriptions 26 
Gramme 64, 66 
Gutta 21 
II 
Half 21 
Haustus 45 
Heading in prescriptions 20 220 
INDEX. 
PAGE 
Heart stimulant, prescription for 173, 212, 213 
Hectogramme 64 
Hectoliter 63 
Hectometer 63 
Honey 73 
Hypodermic injections 80 
method of giving 70 
table of doses 80 
1 
Idiosyncrasies 78 
Important drugs, solubility of 57 
Inches 70 
Incompatibility 48 
chemical 51 
examples of 53 
of acids 49 
pharmaceutical 51 
rules for preventing 49 
therapeutical 51 
Infusions 74 
Injections, hypodermic 80 
Inscription 20 
K 
Kilogramme 64, 66 
Kiloliter 63, 66 
Kilometer 63, 66 
D 
Labels 24 
extra 24 
Latin, alphabet 26 
accent 27 
declensions 31 
letters 26 
parts of speech 27 
prescriptions, why written in 19 INDEX. 
221 
PAGE 
Latin, sounds 26 
syllables 27 
terms used in prescriptions 42 
Lengths, metric, equivalents of, in inches 66 
table of 63 
Letters, Latin 26 
Libra 21 
Linimenti 74 
Linimentum 184, 193 
Liquor, declined 35 
Liquors 73 
Liter 63 
Lotions, definition 76 
M 
Masculine gender 27 
Masses 77 
Measures, apothecaries' 61 
equivalents 65 
metric 63 
Medicines, by the mouth 81 
hypodermically 80 
incompatibility of 48 
principles of combination 47 
Mel 73 
Meter 63 
Method of allotting quantities in a prescription 21 
Methods of converting metric weights into those commonly 
used . 65 
Metric table of capacity 63 
of equivalents 65 
of length 63 
of weights 64 
Milligramme 64 
Milliliter .. 63 
Millimeter 63 
Minim 21 
Misleading abbreviations 24 
Mixtures 73 222 
INDEX. 
PAGE 
Model prescription 20 
example of 23 
Modes of administration of drugs 79 
Mucilages 73 
Mutes, in Latin 26 
Myriameter 63 
N 
Name of veterinarian on prescriptions 22 
or description of patient 22 
Neuter nouns .... 33 
Nimm at head of prescription 20 
Nitroglycerine, hypodermically 80 
Nominative case 27 
Nouns, table of 33, 34, 36 
declension of 12, 23, 45 
rules of syntax gender 61 
Number of drops in a fluid-drachm 39 
Numeral adjectives 39 
adverbs 39 
Numerals, Roman 22 
O 
Octarius 21 
Officinal preparations: 
aceta 75 
aquae 72 
cerates 76 
chartae 76 
collodions 72 
confections 76 
decoctions 74 
elixirs 72 
emplastra 76 
emulsions 75 
extracts 76 
fluid 74 
glycerites 73 INDEX. 
223 
Officinal preparations: page 
honeys 73 
infusions 74 
liniments 74 
liquors. 73 
masses 77 
mixtures 73 
mucilages 73 
oils 75 
ointments 77 
oleates 75 
oleoresins 75 
papers 76 
pills 77 
plasters 76 
powders. 77 
pulveres 77 
resins 76 
solutions 73 
spirits 72 
suppositories 77 
syrups 73 
tinctures 74 
unguenta 77 
vinegars 75 
waters 72 
wines... 75 
Oils, officinal 75 
Ointments, officinal 77 
Oleates, officinal 74 
Oleoresins, officinal 75 
Ordinals 39 
Ounce 21 
P 
Papers 76 
Parts of a prescription. 19 
of speech 27 
Petroleum as an excipient 174, 182 
Pharmaceutical incompatibility 51 224 
INDEX. 
PAGE 
Pills 77 
Plasters ' 76 
Posological table 81 
Powders 76 
Prenez at the head of prescriptions 20 
Prepositions ' 41 
Prescribing, methods of 47 
Prescription for absorbing mixture 187 
acute indigestion 176 
acute rheumatism 190 
anaesthetic (dog) 174 
anorexia 183, 191 
anthelmintic 192 
antipyretic 174, 177 
antiseptic drying powder 211 
ascaris megalocephalia (horse) 171 
asthenic pneumonia 169 
azoturia 181 
bots 192 
bronchitis (horse) 203 
(dog) 170, 193 
canker of the ear 200 
cardiac sedative 207 
stimulant 169, 212, 213 
weakness 173 
catarrh, chronic 202 
intestinal 181 
cathartic (cow) 189, 191 
circumscript pruritus 211 
colic (horse) 171, 173, 194, 197 , 200, 201, 212 
(dog) 184, 204 
collyrium 172, 173, 201 
congestion (horse) 171 
conjunctivitis 172, 173 
constipation 180, 196 
cornea, opacities of 176 
cough 183, 188, 201, 203, 208 
cracked heels 185 
cutaneous affections 186 
diaphoretic mixture 195 INDEX. 
225 
PAGE 
Prescription for diarrhoea 188, 192 
distemper (dogs) 192, 209, 210 
diuretic 183 
dusting powder 194, 208, 211 
dysentery 190 
dyspepsia 176, 196 
eczema 170, 176, 186, 193, 208, 209 
electuarium 182, 205 
emetic (dog) 178 
epileptic fits 210 
erythema 170,172, 186 
expectorant 206 
fever mixture 177, 194, 203 
fits, epileptic 210 
flatulent colic 187 
follicular scabies 202 
gastritis 180, 189, 207 
general colic mixture 207 
haemorrhoids 189, 204 
healing oil 210 
heart sedative 207 
heart stimulant 195, 212, 213 
indigestion 176 
influenza 203 
intestinal catarrh 181 
irritable stomach 197 
itching eczematous eruptions 194 
itching skin disease 181 
laxative 175 
linimentum 184, 193 
local anaesthetic 185 
lotion 179, 185, 202 
mange 178, 202 
mange oil 211 
mixture, colic 207 
fever 194. 203, 206 
nematodes 204 
opacities of cornea 176 
osteoporosis 172 
otitis 187 226 
INDEX. 
PAGE 
Prescription for oxyuris curvula 177 
pills, stimulant 169 
pneumonia 213 
poisoning, strychnine 178 
pruritus. 211, 182 
purgative 199 
purpura haemorrhagica 174, 179 
remedy, cough 188, 201, 203, 208 
rheumatism 175, 190 
ringworm 196, 201 
sarcoptic scabies 170, 202 
scabies 178, 202, 209 
sedative 191 
cardiac 207 
sprains 198, 202 
stimulant, heart 195 
strychnine poisoning ' 178 
synovitis 178 
tapeworm 212 
tetanus 180 
thrush 182 
tonic 179, 198 
trycophytosis 196, 201 
ulcer of cornea 173 
ulcers 210 
unguentum 172, 199 
vesicant 195, 196 
vomiting (dog) 170 
worms (horse) 171 
(dog) 175, 212 
Prescriptions, dating of 22 
definition 19 
erroneous 52 
grammatical construction 26 
Latin terms used in 42 
misleading abbreviations in 24 
model 23 
parts of 19 
Principles of combining drugs 47 
Pronunciation of Latin letters 26 INDEX. 
227 
Q 
PAGE 
Quantities, methods of allotting in prescriptions 21 
Quantity of drug in solutions of various strengths 71 
Quantum rectum 23 
R 
Recipe 20 
Resinae 76 
Resins 76 
Roman numerals 22 
Rules for declension of adjectives 39 
of nouns. 31 
of syntax 28 
for converting grammes into grains 65 
for dividing words 27 
for preventing incompatibility 49 
S 
Saturated solution 55 
Scruple 21, 61 
Second declension of nouns 32 
Semis 21 
Signature 22 
Signs, apothecaries' weight 50 
liquid measure 61 
Simple solution 55 
Solubility of drugs 57 
Solution 55, 73 
chemical 55 
saturated 55, 73 
Solvents 55 
Sounds 26 
Specific weight 60 
Speech, parts of 27 
Spirits 72 228 
INDEX. 
FAGE 
Spiritus declined 37 
Subscription 22 
Superscription 20 
Suppositories 77 
Syllables, rules for dividing words 27 
Symbolic characters 21 
Syrups 73 
Syrupus declined 33 
System, metric 63 
T 
Table of abbreviations (Latin) 42 
adjectives 39 
adverbs 39 
cabalistic signs 21 
declension endings 31 
doses 81 
drops in fluid-drachm 61 
equivalents of apothecaries' in metric measures 69 
in metric weights 68 
equivalents of solutions of various strength 71 
Latin abbreviations 42 
metric measure 63 
weight :... 64 
misleading abbreviations 25 
nouns 31 
prepositions 41 
solubilities of drugs 57 
verbs 40 
weights and measures 60 
Table, names of drugs of first declension 32 
second declension 33 
third declension 35 
posological 81 
vocabulary 119 
Tablespoonful 61 
Teacupful 61 
Teaspoonful 61 INDEX. 
229 
PAGE 
Terminations of the declensions 37 
Terms, Latin, used in prescriptions 42 
Therapeutic incompatibility 51 
Third declension of nouns 34 
Tinctures 74 
Tragacanth, as an excipient 77 
Troy weight 60 
Tumblerful 61 
U 
Uncia 21, 60 
Unguenta 77 
Unguentum acidi carbolici 117 
U. S. apothecaries' or wine measure 61 
Units, metric equivalents 68 
Unusual doses 22 
Use of labels 24 
V 
Vehicle 20 
Verbs 40 
Vinegars 75 
Vocabulary 119 
Vocative case 28 
Vowels, in Latin 26 
W 
Water as a solvent 55 
Waters 72 
Weight, absolute 60 
apparent 60 
specific 60 
Weights, apothecaries' 60 
metric 64 
troy 60 
Weights and measures 60 230 
INDEX. 
PAGE 
Wineglassful til 
Wine measure 61 
Wines 75 
Words, rules for dividing 27 
Z 
Zinc, incompatibility of 51 
Zinc ointment 117 
Zingiber 118 PRESCRIPTION WRITING ADVERTISEMENTS 
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JOHN REYNDERS & CO., 303 FOURTH AVE., NEW YORK PRESCRIPTION WRITING ADVERTISEMENTS 
A BOON TO VETERINARY SURGEONS 
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160 PEARL STREET, - - NEW YORK PRESCRIPTION WRITING ADVERTISEMENTS 
E. R. SQUIBB & SONS 
36 Doughty Street 
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Standard Pharmaceutical Preparations 
Compound Alum Powder 
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Spratts Patent (America) Limited, 
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Address after May 1, 1900 New York, N. Y. 
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H . BOCKER 
MANUFACTURER OF 
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832 MELROSE AVENUE 
Near 160th Street NEW YORK 
J .F. McCUNE 
Manufacturer TT^^^^TLJ D A O DO and atl Veterinary 
of... I I n l\MOr o Instruments 
-- 347 REID AVENUE, BROOKLYN, N.Y. 
( v 
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ESTABLISHED 1851 
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PRACTICE^EQUINE MEDICINE 
A Manual for Students and Practitioners 
of Veterinary Medicine 
Arranged with Questions and Answers 
By HARRY D. HANSON, D.V.S. 
Associate Professor of Principles and Practice of Veterinary Medicine and 
Clinical Medicine in the New York-American Veterinary College 
(Veterinary School of the New York University), Professor of 
Canine Pathology, Helminthology and Dermatology, 
and Associate Professor of Theory and Practice 
and Clinical Veterinary Medicine in the 
American Veterinary College be- 
fore consolidation, etc , etc. 
AUTHOR OF "PRESCRIPTION WRITING AND POSOLOGY" 
The work contains the Synonyms, Definitions, Etiology, Symp- 
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the Horse and the Dog. 
Already Recommended as a Text-book by 
McGill University, Veterinary Dept. 
New York-American Veterinary College 
Columbian University, Veterinary Dept. 
Kansas City Veterinary College 
University of Penna., Veterinary Dept. 
Ontario Veterinary College 
Harvard University, Veterinary Dept. 
McKillip Veterinary College 
Ohio State University, Veterinary Dept. 
Indiana Veterinary College 
Grand Rapids Med. Coll., Veterinary Dept. 
U. S. College Veterinary Surgeons 
Cornell University, Veterinary Dept. 
Glasgow Veterinary College 
Sent on receipt of price. Large octavo, cloth, postpaid, $4.00 
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