THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
A REFERENCE MANUAL 
FOB 
PHYSICIANS, PHARMACISTS $ STUDENTS, 
BY 
VIRQIL COBLENTZ, A.M., Phil. D., F. C. S., etc.. 
Professor of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry in the New York College 
of Pharmacy; Author of handbook of Pharmacy: Member of the 
Chemical Societies of Berlin and London; Fellow of the 
Society of Chemical Industry, etc,, etc. 
SECOND EDITION, 
Revised and Enlarged. 
NEWYORK: 
D. O. HAYNES & CO 
1896. Copyrighted by D. 0. HAYNES Sc Co. 
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. PREFACE TO SECOND EDITION. 
During the past year a large number of new remedies have been 
introduced, and, by reason of new data concerning many older 
ones of which our knowledge was but fragmentary, a new issue of this 
book has become a necessity. With but few exceptions, the author has 
omitted all articles which are to be found in the dispensatories and like 
standard books of reference. 
New York City, April, 1896. PREFACE TO FIRST EDITION. 
The constantly increasing number and complexity of new remedies, 
with the scattered condition of the literature on the subject, render it an 
almost impossible task for anyone except the specialist to become at all 
acquainted with them. The physician who keeps in progress with the 
advance of the times is constantly on the alert for new and improved 
remedies with which to combat disease. It is, therefore, the duty of the 
apothecary to be conversant with these, not only by title, but as to iden- 
tity, sources, properties and doses. It has been the endeavor of the au- 
thor to present as complete a list of these newer remedies as possible in a 
concise and alphabetical form. The various articles are arranged under 
their commercial names, including, however, in this arrangement all the 
more important synonyms. 
In all instances where possible or practical, the sources and meth- 
ods of preparation have been given, followed by such tests of identity as 
melting and boiling points, with solubilities, incompatables, medicinal 
properties and doses as far as known. Details concerning physiological 
action and clinical data could not satisfactorily be included in a work of 
this size, hence the physician, when full accounts are desirable, must 
necessarily be referred to current medical literature or more extensive 
works on modern materia medica. It should be observed that these 
newer remedies have appeared and continue to appear in rapid succession, 
and in many instances the most important data are wanting, some going 
no further than mentioning title and nature of the substance, others 
stating medicinal uses only, indicating that they are still in the experi 
mental stage. Hence in view of this, it will be necessary to issue revised 
editions from time to time as the fund of information increases 
The doses quoted are the minimum and maximum for an average 
adult, being lessened accordingly for children and the feeble, and for 
hypodermic use. The sizes of the doses are expressed in the metric 
system, including, however, their nearest equivalents (in round numbers) 
in apothecaries’ weight. 
Many of these remedies now offered are of a proprietary nature, 
hence all that is known of their composition is what is given upon the 
authority of various published analyses. 
The author is indebted to Geo. C. Diekman, M. D., for his careful 
perusal of that portion relating to the medicinal properties and doses of 
the various remedies 
New York City, April, 1895. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
ABRASTOL. (ASAPROL) (ClO Hs OH. S03) aCa. 
The calcium salt of beta-naphthol-sulphonic acid. It is a soluble white powder, 
and because of its antiseptic properties.it is employed as a preservative agent for 
foods. It is also employed as an intestinal antiseptic in doses of 1 to 8 Gm. (15-30 
grains). 
ABRIN. (JEQ.UIRITIN). 
Abrin Is the most potent principle contained in the Jequirity seed {Abrus preca- 
torius). It partakes of the nature of an albuminoid and is very poisonous. Forms a 
brownish yellow soluble powder; employed to limited extent for producing artificial 
conjunctivitis. Fatal dose is 1-100 grain. 
ACETAL. CH3-CH(OC, Hs)a. 
Synonyms: Bthyliden-di-ethyl-ether; Di-ethyl-acetal. 
This body is obtained by the reaction between acetic-aldehyde and alcohol, 
whereby water separates. It is a colorless liquid, boiling at 104°-106° C. (319°-333° F). 
Soluble in 18 parts of water (35° C.) and very soluble in alcohol. It is employed as 
sedative and hypnotic. Dose is from sto 10 Gm. (77-154 grains). 
Usually administered in form of an emulsion. 
ACETAMI DO-ANTI PYRINE. 
By the action of nitric acid antipyrine is converted into nitro-antipyrine; this is 
reduced by means of zinc and acetic acid to amido-antipyrine. This latter compound, 
when heated with sodium acetate and acetic anhydride, is converted into acet-amido- 
antipyrine, which forms yellow crystals, melting at 109° C. (338° F.) It is soluble in 
water and alcohol, and is recommended as an antipyretic in the same doses as anti- 
pyrine. 
ACETAMINOL. C« H3 (OCII3) (C 3 H*) O-CO. C 6H4NHCOCH3. 
Synonym; p-Acetamidobenzoyl-Bugenol. 
By interaction between p-nitrobenzoylchlorid and eugenol-sodium in molecular pro- 
portions. p-nitrobenzoyleugenol is formed, this upon reduction yields the correspond- 
ing p-Amidobenzoyl-eugenol, which is aoetylated by means of acetic anhydride. This 
compound appears in the form of white scales or a crystalline powder, of melting 
point 160° O. It is almost insoluble in water, quite soluble in alcohol. 
It is employed in treatment of phthisis. 
ACETANI LI D. C 6H6 NH.COCH,. 
Synonyms: Antifebrine; Phenylacetamide. 
Obtained by prolonged interaction between pure aniline and glacial acetic acid 
at boiling temperature. Twenty grammes of aniline are boiled with 30 grammes of 
glacial acetic acid under an inverted condenser for from six to ten hours, till a sample 
of the mixture when removed solidifies on cooling, to a crystalline mass. The fused 
mass is poured into cold water, an 1 the crystals which separate are filtered off and 
recrystallized from hot water or alcohol. When pure, acetanilid forms lustrous 
rhombic tables without odor or color, melting at 113° C. (335,4° F.), soluble at 15° C. 
(59° F.), in 194 parts of water, and in 5 parts of alcohol; in 18 parts of boiling water, 
and in 0.4 parts of boiling alcohol. Acetanilid should not be left in contact with 
spirits of nitre any great length of time ; with antipyrine it forms a pasty mass ; in 
aqueous solution with the alkali bromides and iodides it forms insoluble compounds. 
Its properties are those of an antipyretic. The average dose is from 0.3-0.5 Gm. (3 
to 8 grains). The various derivatives of acetanilid employed in medicine are Asepsin, 
lodantifebrin. Antinervin, Benzanilid, Bxalgin. 
Among the various remedies which are supposed to contain acetanilid as one of 
their constituents are Antikamnia, Phenolid, Exodyne, Antikol, Pyretin, Phenatol, 
Kaputin, etc. 
ACETON. 
A proprietary grip and headache remedy. Not to be confounded with acetone. 2 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
ACETONE. CH3-CO-CH3. 
Synonym: Di-methyl-ketone. 
™Lhi^Vrepared,.by tiie dl 7 distillation of calcium acetate; it boils at 56° C 
(133.8 F.), has a peculiar ethereal odor and sharp burning taste. Miscible with water 
alcohol and ether. ’ 
It is employed as a nervine in doses of 5 to 15 minims, in water or infusion of 
valerian. 
ACETO NO RESORCIN. Cl 5H1604+H20. 
A combination of two molecules of resorcin and one of acetone. Used as an 
antiseptic. Small anhydrous prisms, soluble in alkalies, insoluble in water and alco- 
hol ; melts at 313° C. (413.6° F.) 
ACETOPHENONE. SeeHypnone. 
ACET-ORTHO-TOLUID. C 6H4 (CHS) NH COCH3. 
Synonym: Ortho-Toly 1-acetamid. 
This is an isomeride of exalgme. obtained by prolonged interaction between ortho- 
toluidin and glacial acetic acid at boiling temperature. This occurs in colorlesss 
needles; melting point. 107° C. (334.6° F.) Soluble in hot water, alcohol and ether, 
almost insoluble in cold water. 
It is employed as an antipyretic, its action is more rapid than that of aoetanilid, 
yet being less toxic. The dose, although there is no authority upon the subject, would 
be from D.1—0.3 Qm. (2-5 grains). 
ACET-PARA-AMIDO-SALOL. See Salophen. 
ACET-PARA-TOLUID. C 6H4 (CH„) NH. COCH3. 
Synonym; Para-Tolyl-aoetamid. 
This is obtained by prolonged interaction between para-tolnidin and glacial acetic 
acid, at boiling temperature. It occurs in colorless crystals of melting-point 149° C. 
(300.2° F). It is almost insoluble in water, and readily soluble in alcohol 
It is employed as an antipyretic in doses of from 1-3 Gm. (15-30 grains). 
ACETYL-PARA-AMIDO-PHENYL SALICYLATE. SeeSalophen. 
ACETYL-AMI DO-ANTI PYRIN E. See under Antipyrine. 
ACETYL-PARA-ETHOXY-PHENYL-URETHANE. See Thermodin. 
ACETYL-PHENYL-HYDRAZINE. See Hydracetine. 
ACETYL-TANNIN. See Tannigen. 
ACETYL-THYMOL. Cl 2H1602 or C,0H130-CH3CO. 
Synonym; Thymyl Acetate. 
This constitutes a colorless liquid of pungent taste, sp. gr. 1.009 at 0° C. Boils at 
344.4° C. (472° F.) Employed as an antiseptic. 
ACID AGARIC. SeeAgaricin. 
ALPHA-OXY-NAPHTOIC. See Alpha-Oxy-Naphtoic Acid. 
ANACARDIC. See Anacardic Acid. 
ANGELIC. See Angelic Acid. 
ANISIC. See Anisic Acid. 
ASEPTIC. See Aseptic Acid. 
BETA-PHENYLO-SALICYLIC ACID. See Beta-Phenyl-Salicylio Acid. 
BETA-PHBNYL-PROPIONIC. See Beta-Phenyl-Propionic Acid. 
BOROCITRIC. See Borocitrio Acid. 
BOROPHENYLIC. See Borophenylic Acid. 
BOROSALICYLIC. See Borosalicylio Acid. 
CAINCIC. See Caincic Acid. 
CAMPHORIC. See Camphoric Acid. 
CAMPHORONIC. See Camphoronio Acid. 
CATECHU-TANNIC. See Catechu-tannic Acid. 
CINNAMYLIC. See Cinnamic Acid. 
CRESYLIC. See Cresol. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
ACID DI-CHLOR-ACETIC. See Di-Chlor-Acetic Acid. 
DI-lODO-SALICYLIC. See Di-lodo Salicylic Acid. 
DITHIOCHLORSALICYLIC. See Dithiochlorsalipylic Acid. 
BMBELIC. See Embelic Acid. 
FILICIC. See Filicic Acid 
GLYCERINO-PHOSPHORIC. See Glycerin-phosphoric Acid. 
GYMNEMIC. See Gymnemic Acid. 
GYNOCARDIC. See Gynocardic Acid. 
HYDRO-CYNNAMIC, See Beta-Phenyl-Propionic Acid. 
lODIC, and COMPOUNDS. See lodic Acid. 
OKTHO-AMIDO-SALICYLIC. See Ortho-Amido-Salicylic Acid. 
PHENYL-ACETIC. See Phenyl-Acetic Acid. 
PHENYLO SALICYLIC. See Phenylo-Salicylic Acid. 
SCLEROTIC (Sclerotinic). See Sclerotic Acid. 
SOZALIC. See Aseptol. 
SOZOIODIC. See Sozoiodio Acid. 
SOZOLIC. See Aseptol. 
SULPHOTUMENOLIC. See Tumenol. 
TETRA-THIO-DICHLOR-SALICYLIC. See Tetra-Thio-Dichlor-Salicylic Acid. 
THIOLINIC. See Thiolinio Acid. 
TRI-CHLOR-ACETIO. See Tri-Chlor-Acetio Acid. 
ADEPS LAN>E. 
Synonyms; Lanolin; Adeps Lame Hydrosus, U. S. P.; Anasalpin. 
** The purified tat of the wool ot sheep mixed with not more than 30 per cent 
of water,” U. 8. P. 
The wool of sheep contains a large per cent, of fats (about which it is necessary 
to remove before it can be used in manufacturing. These fats consist of a mixture 
of fatty esters of cholesterin and isocholesterin. The crude wool fat, which is usually 
obtained by washing the wool with benzine, acetone or some similar solvent and 
evaporating, is emulsionized with a weak alkaline solution, then separating the 
creamy mixture in centrifugal machines; the upper layer of fluid contains the 
cholesterin fats, while the lower layer consists of a soap solution of the impure fatty 
acids. The upper fluid is drawn off and the cholesterin fats set free by the addition 
of a solution of calcium chloride; the impure lanolin thus obtained is purified by re- 
peated melting and washing, finally extracting with acetone. 
Anhydrous wool-fat is of a pale yellow color, somewhat translucent, melting at 36° 
C. (96 8° F.), readily soluble in benzine, ether, chloroform, acetone, but only partly soluble 
in alcohol. When mixed with 30 per cent, of water it constitutes the hydrous wool-fat 
of the Pharmacopoeia. 
Hydrous wool-fat occurs as a nearly white ointment-like mass, the surface of 
which", on standing, becomes of an orange color, due to loss of water. Its melting 
point is about 40° C. (104° F.); it is miscible with twice its weight of water without 
losing its ointment-like character. Wool-fat is employed as a base for the preparation 
of ointments, pomades, creams, etc. 
ADH/CSOL. 
An antiseptic varnish, recommended as a substitute for Steresol. It contains 350 
parts copal resin. 30 parts of benzoin. 30 parts of Tolu balsam, 20 parts of thyme oil, 3 
parts of alpha naphthol, and 1,000 parts of ether. 
ADONIDIN. 
A glucoside of the Admits vernalis; forms a hygroscopic, inodorous, amorphous 
powder, intensely bitter. It is employed as a cardiac stimulant and mild diuretic in 
doses of 0.004 to 0.016 Gm. (1-16 to Y\ grain.) 
ADONIN. 
A glucosidal principle obtained from the herb Adonis vernalis. It is a bitter, yel- 
lowish-white, hygroscopic powder, soluble in water and alcohol, insoluble in ether. 
Employed as a cardiac stimulant, being feebly diuretic; dose 0.01—0.06 Gr. (1-6—l 
grain. 4 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
/ESCULIN. Cl 5H1609 Aq. 
A glucoside obtained from the bark of the horse chestnut. (JEsmlus hippocas- 
tanum.) After. precipitating the tannin and coloring matter from the hot aqueous 
extract by means of alum and ammonia, the filtrate is evaporated to dryness and the 
residue extracted with alcohol; purified by recrystallization. TSsculin forms inodorous 
fine needle-like-crystals, of bitter taste, almost insoluble in cold and quite soluble in 
’hot water, its aqueous solution having a strong blue fluorescence. Eecommended as 
an antiperiodic. 
/ETHYL, /ETHYLEN, /ETHYLIDEN, ETC., COMPOUNDS.-(See under 
Ethyl, Ethylene, Ethylidene, Etc.) 
AGARIC ACID. SeeAgaricin. 
AGARICIN. C14H270H (CO2H) H2O. 
Synonym; Agaric Acid. 
The active principle of the fungus Agaricus dibits or Polyporus officinalis, obtained 
by extraction with alcohol. It forms a white crystalline powder, melting at 140° c. 
(384° P.), Almost insoluble in cold water, soluble in 180 p. of alcohol. 
Agaricin is employed in the treatment of night sweats of consumptives; also in 
relieving the sudorific effect of the synthetic antipyretics. Dose, 0.01—0,03 Gm. (1-6- 
grain.) 
AGATHIN. C 6H5-N(CH3)-N: On-Gen, (OH). 
Synonym; Salicyl-x-methyl-phenyl hydrazone. 
Agathin is obtained by reaction between salicylic aldehyde and the base methyl- 
phenyl-hydrazone. This forms colorless crystalline flakes, inodorous and tasteless, 
insoluble in water, but soluble in alcohol and ether. Its melting point is 70° C. 
(158° F.) 
Agathin is employed as an anti-neuralgic and anti-rheumatic in doses of 0.!: '.5 
Gm. (3—B grains). 
AGNINE. 
This is probably prepared by distilling wool-fat in a current of superheated steam. 
It contains a large percentage of free fatty acids (33£)1 
AGOPYRIN. See under Antipyrine. 
AIROL. 
An oxyiodide of bismuth subgallate, patented by the firm of Hoffmann, Traub & 
Co., of Basel. This compound possesses the absorbent properties of subgallate of bis- 
muth as well as the antiseptic properties of its iodine combination Airol forms a 
greenish gray, fine voluminous, inodorous and tasteless powder. Light produces no 
effect, while moist air causes the powder to turn a red color, with ioss of iodine. In 
contact with water, particularly when heated, the powder undergoes slow decomposi- 
tion, changing to a red color, with loss of iodine. Dilute alkalies and acids dissolve 
this compound readily. The formula ascribed is: 
r-oH 
C 6H2 -{ _3h oh 
i-COO Bi <i.U 
That is, it is a basic bismuth gallate in which a hydroxyl group is replaced by 
iodine. Airol is applied as a dusting powder over wounds, sores, etc. 
ALANT-CAMPHOR. See under Alantol. 
ALANTOL. ClOH160. 
Elecampane root (Inula Helenium) contains, aside from inulin, resinous, waxy and 
extractive matter; alantol, a liquid stearoptene; alantic anhydride, a crystalline 
body, and a solid stearoptene called helenin. 
Alantol is an aromatic liquid, of a peppermint-like odor, boiling at 200° C. (393° F.). 
It is employed as an antiseptic in treatment of tuberculous diseases. 
Hdenin or Alant- Camphor. C 6 H4 „0. 
This_ occurs in colorless, inodorous crystalline needles, insoluble in water, but 
soluble in alcohol and ether, melting at 68°—70° C. (155°—158° F.). It is employed as 
an antiseptic in treatment of malaria, tuberculosis, diarrhoea, etc., in frequent doses 
of 0.01 Gm. (I/o grain.) 
ALBOLENE. 
This is a refined product of petroleum, free from any definite chemical or physio- 
logical action; it cannot become rancid, and is introduced as a colorless, odorless base 
for ointments, cerates, salves, pomades, etc., especially in hot climates. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
5 
Mhclene liquid is a eoloiless. odorless, tasteless fluid, with a specific gravity of 0.865 
at 60° 1., obtained from petroleum and afterwards specially treated. It does not 
saponify nor become rancid, neither is it decomposed by acids or akalies. It can be 
vaporized m a brine bath at zero, indicating the absence of solid paraffin, and is 
free from petroleum ethers. Its lightness makes it very diffusible as vapor or as a 
solvent for drugs used in oil for spraying the nasopharyngeal passages. 
ALI2AR/N-YELLOW-C. See Gallacetophenon. 
ALLYL-MUSTARD OIL. See Oleum Sinapis Volatile. 
ALLYL-SULPHO-CARBAMIDE. See Thiosinamine. 
ALLYL-SULPHO-UREA. See Thiosinamine. 
ALLYL-THIO-UREA. See Thiosinamine. 
ALLYL TRIBROMIDE. (C3Hsßr3) 
A colorless or slightly yellowish liquid, insoluble in water, soluble in ether. Recom 
mended as sedative and anodyne in hysteria, asthma, whooping cough, etc.; in doses 
of 3 to 4 drops dissolved in ether, hypodermically. 
ALPHA-CREOSOTE. 
This artificial product is prepared by mixing together the several constituents as 
found in normal creosote in such proportions that it contains 25 per cent, crystalline 
guaiacol. 
ALPHA-GUAIACOL. 
A crystalline, synthetic guaiacol. This name is applied to distinguish it from the 
commercial guaiacol. 
ALPHOL. Seeßetol. 
ALUMINUM-ACETO-TARTRATE. 
This occurs in yellowish granules, with acid, astringent taste, slightly soluble in 
water. It is an astringent and disinfectant in nasal and laryngeal affections. Apply 
in ]4 to 2% solutions, or as a snuff with 3 parts of boric acid. 
ALUMINUM-AMMONIUM-SALICYLATE. See Salumin (soluble). 
ALUMINUM-BASIC TANNATE. See Tannal (insoluble). 
ALU MIN UM-BETA-NAPHTHOL-DISULPHO NATE. SeeAlumnol. 
ALUMINUM-BOROFORMATE. 
It is thus made: Mix 2 parts formic acid. 1 part boric acid and 6 or 7 parts of 
water, and in the mixture dissolve fresh precipitated alumina; filter, allow to crystal- 
lize; or it may be employed in a solution of sp. gr. 1.064 (10$) or sp. gr. 1.110 (20$), re- 
duced by careful evaporation. It is employed as a mild antiseptic and astringent. 
ALU MIN UM-BORO-TANNI CO-TART RATE. See Cutal. 
ALUMINUM-BORO-TARTRATE. See Borah 
ALUMINUM-GALLATE (Basic). See Qallal. 
ALU MINUM-PARA-PHENOL-SULPHONATE. See Sozal. 
ALUMINUM-POT ASSIUM-PARA-PHENOL-SULPHON ATE. 
A]2K2(C6H4(OH)S03)8. 
This compound is obtained by saturating para-phenol sulphonio acid with a solu- 
tion of notassium-aluminate. It forms colorless crystals, soluble in water. Its prop- 
erties are those of an antiseptic and astringent; it is employed chiefly as a wash for 
indolent ulcers, etc. 
ALUMINUM-POTASSIUM SALICYLATE. 
This double salt is produced by a process recently patented by Athenstedt, in 
which hot potassium acetate is made to act on aluminum salicylate. It contains a 
high proportion of alumina, and is said to be a powerful astringent as well as possess- 
ing high antiseptic properties. 
ALUMINUM SALICYLATE. See Salumin (insoluble.) 
ALUMINUM TANNATE (Basic.) See Tannal. 
ALUMINUM TANNIC-TARTRATE. See Tannal (soluble.) 6 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
Alumnol is employed as an antiseptic and astringent. As a wash for purulent 
surfaces, it is employed in from 1 to hi solution ; in 10 to W% solutions it serves as a 
cautery. Mixed with powdered talc or starch (10 to 20£), it forms an astringent dust- 
ing powder. 
ALSTONIN. 
An alkaloid obtained from the bark of the Alstonia (Apooynacese.) 
Alstonin forms white, crystalline needles, insoluble in water; somble in alcohol, 
ether and chloroform. To hot water it imparts an intensely bitter taste. 
ALUMNOL. (ClOHe (OH) 50,)3A1. 
Synonym; Beta-Naphthol-Disulphonate of Aluminum. 
Alumnol is obtained by reaction between the barium compound of beta-naphthol- 
disulphonic acid and aluminum sulphate. It forms a colorless powder, readily soluble 
in water and glycerine, but only slightly soluble in alcohol. Aqueous solutions are 
incompatible with alkaline solutions, the hydrate of alumina being precipitated. Like- 
wise it precipitates albuminoid and gelatinous bodies from solution, the precipitate 
being soluble in excess of albumen or gelatin. Alumnol should not be brought in 
contact with ammoniacal compounds. 
AMIDO-ACET-PHENETIDIN, See Phenocoll. 
AMIDO-ANTIPYRINE. See under Antipyrine. 
AMIDO-GUAIACOL, 
Aceto-o-anisidin, on treatment with nitric acid, yields nitro-adet-o-anisidin, which, 
on being boiled with alkalies, undergoes saponification, yielding an alkali salt of nitro- 
guaiacol. By the action of zinc and hydrochloric acid or other reducing agents, this 
nitro-guaiacol is converted into amido-guaiacol. This base melts at 184° C. (363.2° P.); 
its hydrochloride at 242° C. (461.6° F.) The salts of amido-guaiacol are employed in 
the preparation of colors and as medicinal agents. 
AMIDO-SUCCINAMIDE. SeeAsparagin. 
AMINOL. 
A liquid disinfectant, possessing a strong, fishy odor, of alkaline reaction. One 
liter of aminol is said to contain 1.52 Gm. of calcium hydrate, 3.516 Gm. of sodium 
chloride, and 0.29 Gm. of trimethylamine. 
AMMONIUM EMBELICUM. C,na3o2. NH4. 
This is the ammonium salt of embelic acid, the latter being prepared from the 
Embdia Eibes, Burm. {Myrsinaceoe.) 
It is a brick-red powder, readily soluble in diluted alcohol. 
It is employed as a taenifuge, in doses from 0.18 Gm. (2.8 grains) for children; to 0.4 
Gm. (6. grains) for adults. 
AMMONIUM-ICHTHYOL-SULPHONATE. See Ichthyol. 
AMMONIUM PERSULPHATE. (NII4WV 
Recommended as an antiseptic for preserving food. It occurs in small colorless 
crystals, soluble in water. The solution evolves active oxygen when heated. It can 
be used in place of permanganate. 
AMMONIUM SALICYLATE. C 6H4 (OH) COONH4. 
This compound is obtained by neutralizing salicylic acid with ammonium carbon- 
ate. evaporating and crystallizing. It forms a white crystalline powder, of sweet 
taste and very soluble in water. , 
Ammonium Salicylate is recommended as an expectorant, the dose being the same 
as the other salicylates. 
AMMONIUM-SULPHO-ICHTHYOLICUM. See Ichthyol. 
AMMONOL. 
A proprietary remedy recommended as an antipyretic and analgesic . It is also 
claimed 10 possess antiseptic properties. Dose 0.3 to 1.3 Gm. (5 to 20 grains.) 
AMYGDOPHENIN. 
A paramidophenol derivative in -which one of the hydrogen atoms of the amide 
group, is replaced by an ester of amygdalic acid, and the hydrogen atom in the 
hydroxyl group is replaced by ethyl carbonate. It has been commended as an anti 
rheumatic by Dr. Stueve, of Frankfort who administered it in doses of 1 Gm. (15 grains) 
from one to six times daily, in a powder or tablet. Amygdophenin occurs as a grayish- 
white, light, crystalline powder, very difficultly soluble in water. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
7 
AMYL-ALCOHOL, TERTIARY. See Amylene Hydrate. 
AMYLENE. SeePental. 
AMYLENE HYDRATE. (CH3)2.C2H6.C.0H. 
Synonyms; Tertiary Amyl Alcohol; Amylenum Hydratum ; Dimethyl- 
Ethyl-Carbinol. 
This is one of the eight possible alcohols of the general formula, C 5 Hu OH; it is 
prepared by the action of sulphuric acid upon amylene (C 5 Hio), the latter being ob- 
tained by the action of dehydrating agents on isobutylcarbinol. 
Amylene Hydrate is a colorless, limpid fluid of peculiar penetrating odor, similar 
to that of peppermint. Its specific gravity is 0.815, and boiling point is between 99°- 
103° C. (310°-317° F.) It dissolves in eight parts of water, and is miscible with alcohol, 
ether, glycerine and the fatty oils. 
Tertiary Amyl Alcohol is employed as a hypnotic in doses of 3 to 4 Gm. (30 to 60 
grains.) 
AMYLOCARBOL. 
A mixture of nine parts of phenol; green soap, 150 parts; amylic alcohoi, 160 
parts, and water sufficient to make 1,000 parts. 
AMYL-VALERIANATE. C 5H902 C 5Hn. 
Synonyms; Apple Oil; Iso-Amyl-Valerianate. 
This well known ester is a colorless ethereal liquid, which boils at 194° C. It pos- 
sesses a solvent action on oholesterin; also exerts a specific stimulating and sedative 
action on the liver in gallstone colic. Usually administered in gelatin capsules con- 
taining 0.15 Gm .(3.3 grains.) 
ANACARDIC ACID. C 22 
A crystalline principle obtained from the Anacardium occldentale (cashew nut). 
It forms hygroscopic crystalline masses, readily soluble in alcohol, melting at 26° C. 
(78.8° F.) Anacardic acid is used as an anthelmintic, usually in the form of the am- 
monium salt. 
ANADOL. 
A proprietary antipyretic, 
AN/ESTHYL. 
A mixture of 5 parts of ethyl chloride and 1 part of methyl-chloride. Employed as 
a local anaesthetic spray. 
ANAGYRINE HYDROBROMATE Cl 4H18N203HBr2. 
This is a salt of the alkaloid obtained from the seed of Anagyris foetida. It occurs as 
small, white shining scales, which are soluble in water and alcohol, and melt between 
26.° and 366° C. Physiological investigations by Hardy and others have proved ana- 
gyrine to be toxic; therapeutic data are wanting. 
ANALGENE. C 9H5-OC2H5-NH. COC6Hs-N. 
Synonyms; Benzanalgene; Ortho Ethoxy Ana-Mono-Benzoyl-Amido-Chino- 
lin; Ethoxy-Ana-Benzoyl-Amido-Chinoline; Quinalgene. 
This body is obtained by introducing an ethyl and amido group into ortho-oxy- 
chinolin ; into the resulting ortho-oxyethyl-amido-chinolin the benzoyl group is intro- 
duced by the action of benzoyl chlorid. 
Analgene forms white, tasteless crystals, melting at 308° C. (406.4° F.), insoluble in 
water, readily soluble in alcohol. 
’This compound is employed as an anti-neuralgic in doses of 0.5 to 1.0 Gm. (8 to 15 
grains.) 
ANALGESIN. See Antipyrin. 
ANALGIA. 
Proprietary analgesic and antipyretic. 
ANASALPIN. 
Synonym for anhydrous wool fat. 
ANASPALINE. 
This consists of a mixture of wool-fat, with about 35£ of petrolatum 
ANDUNEA. 
A prop, ietary analgesic. 8 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
ANEMONIN. ClOH8O4. 
This is the active principle of the herbs Anemone pulsatilla, A. pratensis and Ranun- 
culus acer. 
It occurs in colorless, crystalline needles, which melt at 152° C. (305 6° F ) and 
readily dissolve in warm alcohol and the oils while being almost insoluble in water 
Anemonm is employed in treatment of whooping cough, bronchitis and asthma in 
doses of 0.004 to 0.03 Gm. (1-16 to )4 grain.) 
ANETHOL. C3H6-CeH4-0-CII3. 
Synonyms: Para-Allyl-Phenyl-Methyl-Ether; Anise Camphor. 
Anethol constitutes the main constituent of oil of anise. It occurs in colorless 
crystals, melting at 32° C. (71.6° F.) and boiling at 334° C. (453° F.), soluble in alcohol 
and the oils, but insoluble in water. 
Anethol is employed as an antiseptic, also as a flavoring constituent in liquors, etc. 
ANGELIC ACID. CII2 (CH)2 CI13COOII. 
A principle prepared from the root of Angelica Archangelica. It forms mono- 
clinic prisms, of spicy odor, soluble in alcohol, ether and hot water ; melts at 45° C. 
(113° P.) Used as an aromatic tonic. 
ANGION ED ROSIN. See Nitroglyc-rin. 
ANHALONINE. (r^H^NOs-) 
An alkaloid from the Mexican cactacea Anhalonium lewinii, which contains it in 
both amorphous and crystalline forms. The crystalline base melts at 85° O. (185° F.), 
soluble in alcohol and ether ; the hydrochlorate is deliquescent and very soluble in 
water. Anhalonine is of value in treatment of angina pectoris, asthmatic dyspnoea 
and pneumothorax. 
ANHYDRO-GLUCO-CHLORAL. See Chloralose. 
ANISE CAMPHOR. See Anethol. 
ANISIC ACID. C 6H4(OCn3)COOH. 
Synonym: Paramethoxy-Benzoio Acid. 
This is an isomer of methyl salicylic acid, obtained by oxidation of anethol, a 
constituent of oils of anise and fennel. 
It forms colorless prismatic crystals, which melt at 180° (J. (356° F.) It is insoluble 
in cold water, but very soluble in alcohol. 
Employed externally it possesses antisentio properties. Internally it exerts anti- 
pyretic and anti-rheumatic properties. It is usually administered as sodium salt. 
SODIUM ANISATE. This is obtained by neutralizing anisic acid with sodium 
carbonate or bicarbonate. The commercial salt constitutes a hygroscopic, crystalline 
powder of less disagreeable taste than the acid. 
The dose is 1 6m. (15 grains.) 
PHENYLESTER OF ANISIC ACID. C6lI4(OCH3)CO206H5. This compound 
bears the same relationship to anisic acid as salol does to salicylic acid. It is obtained 
by the action of phosphorus pentachlorid on a mixture of anisic acid and phenol. 
It occurs as colorless crystals, which melt at 75° C. (167° F.), insoluble in water, but 
very soluble in alcohol and ether. 
It is employed in the treatment of neuralgia and rheumatism, in doses from 0.5 to 
1.0 Gm. (8 to 15 grains.) 
ANNIDALIN. 
Synonym; Di-thymol-triiodide. 
This occurs as a reddish-brown powder, which is readily decomposed by heat and 
light; it is insoluble in water and slightly soluble in alcohol. Annidalin is usually 
applied locally as a substitute for iodoform and aristol. It is used as pure powder or as 
a 10 per cent, dilution. 
ANODYNIN (Anodin.) See Antipyrin. 
ANTALGIA. 
A proprietary antipyretic and analgesic. 
, c (OH) 
ANTHRAROBIN. C 6H4 < | >C6H2(OH)2. 
CH 
Synonyms: Dioxyanthrol; Desoxy-Alizarin; Leuko-Alizarin. 
A phenol derivative related to chrysophanio acid, obtained by the reduction of 
alizarin. 
Anthrarobin is a yellowish white powder, insoluble in water, but very soluble in 
aqueous solutions of the alkalies and alkaline earths. These alkaline solutions rapidly 
turn green, then blue, through absorption of oxygen from the air, alizarin being re- 
formed. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
9 
It is employed as a substitute for chrysarobin in skin diseases, usually as a 10 to 
30$ ointment. 
ANTI-BACILLARE 
A remedy for phthisis, consisting of a mixture of creosote, toiu balsam, glycerin, 
codeine and sodium arsenate. Dose not known. 
ANTIBACILLIN. 
A proprietary disinfectant. 
ANTIDIPHTHERIN. 
A sterilized solution containing cultures of diphtheria bacillus, in addition 0.3$ of 
ortho-cresol p,o,d some glycerin. It occurs in commerce in two concentrations, one 
double and the other four times the strength of the original endure fluid. The 
stronger solution is employed for painting the affected parts, while the weaker is used 
for hypodermic injection ec.) 
ANTI DIPHTH ERIN (KLEBS). 
This preparation is designated by the letters A. D.. and a given volume of it is 10 
times as strong as the original culture fluid. It is obtained from this, after removal of 
the bacilli, by precipitation with alcohol. 
ANTIDIPHTHERITIKON. 
Bokai’s mixture of Oil of Birch (5). Oil of Beech (3), Alcohol (°0), Potassium Car- 
bonate (I), and Potassium Sulphiue (5). Used as a diphtheria remedy. 
ANTIDOLOR. 
A proprietary anodyne. 
ANTIFEBRIN. See Acetanilid. 
ANTIFETOR. 
A proprietary deodorizing powder. 
ANTI HYDRO PIN. 
A crystalline body supposed to be derived from the common cockroach, recom- 
mended as a diuretic ih daily doses of 0.6 to 1.3 Gm. (10-30 grains.) 
ANTIKAMNIA, 
A secret remedy employed as an antipyretic and analgesic. Various analyses have 
shown the presence of acetanilide, sodium bicarbonate and caffeine. Its dose is given 
as 0.3t0 0.6 Gm. (5 to 10 grains.) 
ANTIKOL. 
A powder said to be a mixture of acetanilide (75p.), sodium bicarbonate (17.5 p.) and 
tartaric acid (7.5 p.) (Goldmann). Dose, 3to 10 grains. 
ANTINERVIN. 
A powder consisting of acetanilide (50 p.), ammonium bromide (35 p.). and salicylic 
acid (25 p.) (Squibb). 
It is employed as an antinervine and antipyretic, in doses of O.a Gm. (8 grains). 
ANTINONNIN. See under Cresol. 
ANTINOSIN. 
The sodium salt of nosophen. 
ANTIPYONIN. 
Synonym: Sodium Tetraborate. 
A polyborate of sodium, recommended as a remedy in inflammation of the cornea 
and conjunctiva. It is a fine white powder of greasy feeling, freely soluble in water, 
and devoid of caustic action. 
ANTI PYR ALGOS. 
A proprietary antipyretic and anodyne. 
ANTIPYRINE. C„II12N20. 
Synonyms: Analgesine ; Anodynin ; Parodyn ; Oxy-Dimethyl-Chinizin ; 
Phenazon; Phenyl-Dimethyl Pyrazolon; Phenylon; Salazolon; Sedatin; 
Di-Methyl-Phenyl-Pyrazolon; Methozine; Pyrazine; Pyrazolin. 
This is a synthetical' base, obtained by the action of aoeto-aoetic-ester on phenyl- 
hydrazine, the resulting phenyl-methyl-pyrazolon being methylated. 
Antipyrine occurs in colorless and odorless crystals, which melt between 113°-11S° 
C. (333 6°-335 4° P.), and are readily soluble in water and alcohol. 
Its solutions are turned a green color on addition of nitrous acid (Sp. Etheris Hi 
trosi), and a deep red color on addition of ferric chloride (Tr. Ferri Chloridi), Became 
of its strongly basic properties, antipyrine presents a number of incompatibles. 10 
THE NEWER REMEDIES, 
The following is a list of the more important of these : 
Acidum Hydrocyanioum Dil. 
Acidum Tannicum. All galenical preparations containing tannin form insoluble 
precipitates. 
Acidum Carbolicum ; either one precipitates the other from solution. 
Chloral Hydrate and Butyl Chloral. 
Ferri Sulphas. 
Ferric Salts in solution (red color). Frequently dispensed. 
Liquor Arsenii et Hydrargyri lodidi; insoluble precipitate. 
Mercurous and Mercuric Chloride. 
Nitrites in solution (green color). Frequently dispensed. 
Sodii Bicarbonas. 
Tinctura lodi; insoluble precipitate. 
When triturated with Chloral, Phenyl-Urethane, Beta-Naphthol or Sodium Salicyl- 
ate, it forms a pasty or liquid mass. 
Antipyrine increases the solubility of Caffeine and Quinine Salts in water 
Internally it is employed as an antipyretic, antirheumatic and antineuralgic in 
doses of 1 to 2 Gm. (15 to 30 grains) for adults, and 0.3 to 0.5 Gm. (3 to 8 grains) for chil- 
dren. Externally, antipyrinejis used as an antiseptic and haemostatic. 
Antipyrine, being a basic body, readily unites with acids to form salts, a number 
of which have been introduced into medicine. 
SALIPYRINE, or ANTIPYRINE SALICYLATE (SALAZOLON, SALT- 
PYRAZOLON) (CliHi2'N2o.1'7H603). is obtained by interaction between antipyrine 
and salicylic acid; 57.7 parts of the former and 43.3 parts of the latter being heated 
together on a water bath, the resulting oily-like fluid which solidifies on cooling is 
crystallized from alcohol. It occurs as a crystalline, inodorous powder, melting at 
92" C. (197.6° F.), soluble in 200 parts of cold and 35 parts of boiling water, very soluble 
in alcohol and ether. Salipyrine exerts the combined effects of antipyrine and 
salicylic acid, being employed in the treatment of acute and chronic rheumatism, 
rheumatic sciatica and influenza, in dcses of Ito 2 Gm. (15 to 30 grains.) 
AGOPYRIN. A secret remedy which appears in the form of tablets containing 
ammonium chloride 1-3 grain, cinchonine sulphate 1-3 grain and salicin 4 grains. 
ACETYL AMIDOANTIPYRINE is the acetyl derivative of amido-antipyrine 
which in turn is obtained by the reduction of iso-nitroso-antipyrine. This latter 
body results from the action of nitrous acid on antipyrine. It forms a crystalline 
powder which melts at 197° C. (386.6° F.). its properties being similar to those of anti- 
pyrine. 
DERIVATIVES AND ALLIED COMPOUNDS. 
AMIDOANTIPYRINE occurs in yellow needles which melt at 109° o. (288* F.) 
It is obtained by the reduction of isonitroso-antipyrine, which results from the action 
of nitrous acid on antipyrine. 
BUTYL-UYPNAL is a combination of butyl chloral and antipyrine, similar to 
that of the latter with chloral hydrate (see Hvpnal.) It forms colorless needles, melt- 
ing at 70° C. (158° F.), soluble in 30 parts of wateomnd readily soluble in alcohol. 
1)1 GELORALANTIPYRINE (CIInI2N2O+2CCI3CH(OH)a) is obtained by tri- 
turating 94 parts of antipyrine with 165.5 parts of chloral hydrate until a mass is ob- 
tained, which is crystallized from hot water. Its medicinal properties are like those 
of monochloralantipyrine. 
lODOPYRINE, or TODOANTIPYRINE (C11H11INaO), forms colorless needles, 
which melt at 160° C. (320° F.), being only slightly soluble in water. lodopyrine has 
the action of an iodide in addition to that of antipyrine; its dose being 05 to 1.5 Gm. 
(8 to 23 grains). 
MIGRA NIN. This is an antipyrine preparation, the composition of which is, accord- 
ing to various analyses, antipyrine 89.4#, caffeine 8.2#, citric acid 0.56# and moisture 
1.84#. It is recommended as a specific in the treatment of migraine, and is also em- 
ployed in relieving the headache of influenza. The dose is given as 1 Gm. (15.5 grains), 
PARA-METHOXY-PHENYL-DIMETHYL-PYRAZOLON, or PAR A-ME- 
TRO XY-ANTIP YRINE. Obtained by methylating the product of the reaction be- 
tween p-methoxy-phenyl-hydra-zine and acetoacetic ester. It forms crystals which 
melt at 82° C. (179.6° F.), being readily soluble in water and alcohol. The ethoxy 
compound melts at 91° C. (195.8° F.) 
Both of these compounds possess antipyretic and antineuralgic properties, being 
weaker, however, than antipyrine. 
MONOCHLORALANTIPYRINE, or HYPNAL (CnHl2N20. CC13CH (OH)a), is 
obtained by triturating together 188 parts of antipyrine and 165.5 parts of chloral 
hydrate until liquefaction takes place; the oily-like fluid is then dissolved in hot 
water and set aside t > crystallize. Hypnal forms colorless crystals, which melt at 
67.5° C. (154° F.), and are readily soluble in warm water. It is employed as a hypnotic 
and analgesic in doses of 1 to 2 Gm. (15 to 30 grains). 
NAPHTHOPYRINE (Beta-Naphthol-Antipyrine) is a molecular compound of beta- 
naphthol and antipyrine, obtained by trituration. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
11 
PHENOPYRINE is prepared from equal parts of phenol and antipyrine. It is an 
oily, colorless fluid, free from odor, insoluble in cold water. 
PYROGALLOPYBI.VE is obtained by reaction between pvrogallol and antipy- 
rine. 
RESOPYRINE (011Hi2N20+C6H4 (OH)2) is obtained by reaction between anti- 
pyrine and resorcin in solution in molecular proportions. This is obtained by crystal- 
lization in fine rhombic crystals, which are insoluble in water and soluble in 5 parts of 
alcohol. Nothing definite is known concerning its therapeutic properties. 
ANTI PYRINE MAN DELATE. See Tussol. 
ANTIPYRINE PHENYL-GLYCOLATE. See Tussol. 
ANTIPYRINE SALICYLATE. See Salipyrin, under Antipyrin. 
ANTIPYRINE-SALOL. 
Obtained by fusing together equal quantities of salol and antipyrine, heating until 
the fluid turns a brown color and remains fluid on cooling. It is recommended as an 
antiseptic, also as a valuable haemostatic in uterine hemorrhages, in which case it is 
applied by means of cotton tampons. 
ANTIRHEUMATICUM. 
A mixture of methylene blue and sodium salicylate. 
ANTIRHEUMATIN. 
This compound of sodium salicylate and methylene blue (q. y.) forms blue, prisma- 
tic crystals, soluble in water and alcohol. Recommended as an antirheumatic, in 
doses of 0.06 to 0.09 Gm, (1 to 1% grains). 
ANTISEPSINE. C 6H4Br NII-CH3CO. 
Synonyms; Asepsine; Para-Brom-Acetanilid ; p-Mono-Brom-Phenyl-Aceta- 
mid. 
Asepsine is obtained by adding bromine, in molecular proportions, to a solution 
of acetanilid in glacial acetic acid; the white precipitate formed is recrystallized from 
alcohol. It forms colorless crystals, which melt between 165° and 166° r. (629° to 
330.8° P.) It isbut slightly soluble in water, more so in alcohol. Its properties are 
those of an antipyretic, in doses of 3 to 10 grains; it is also of value in treatment of 
muscular rheumatism and neuralgia. Not to be confounded with a mixture of zinc 
sulphate, zinc iodide, thymol and boric acid called “ Antiseptin.” 
ANTISEPTIN. 
A mixture containing about 80 parts of zinc sulphate, 2 parts of thymol and T) 
parts of boric acid. Recommended as an antiseptic. This should not be confounded 
with antisepsin or antiseptol. 
ANTISEPTOL. (Chemical Formula Uncertain). 
Synonyms: Antiseptolum; Cinchonin-Herapathit; Cinchonin lodosul- 
phate. 
To a solution of 25 parts of cinchonin sulphate, in 2.000 parts of water, is added a 
solution of 10 parts of iodine and 10 parts of potassium iodide in water, the precipitate 
is collected, washed and dried. This constitutes a red-brown powder, which is in- 
soluble in water, but very soluble in alcohol and chloroform. It contains about 50# of 
iodine. 
Antiseptol is employed as a substitute for iodoform. 
ANTISPASMIN. C 23 (OH) COONa. 
This is a double salt of narceine sodium and salicylate of sodium. It forms a 
white, slightly hygroscopic powder, which dissolves readily in water. The compound 
contains about 50# of narceine and has an alkaline reaction. Antispasmin is a hyp- 
notic and sedative, being administered in doses of 0.01 to 0.1 Gm. 0/s to 1 % grains). 
ANTISTREPTOCOCCIN. 
A serum preparation used as a remedy against erysipelas. 
ANTITETRAIZIN. 
A derivative of quinine, recommended by Zambeletti in treatment of neuralgia, 
influenza, etc., in doses of 0.2 to 0.25 Gm. (3 to 4 grains). 
ANTITHERMAL. 
A proprietary febrifuge. 12 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
ANTITH ERMIN. CII3C (C«HSN2H) C 2H4COOH, 
Synonym; Phenylhydrazine-Laevulinio Acid, 
This compound is obtained by interaction between a solution of phenylhydrazine 
in acetic acid and laevulinio acid. It occurs in colorless, tasteless crystals, which melt 
at 108° (). (326.4° F ), almost insoluble in cold water. 
Antithermin is employed as an antipyretic in pulmonary phthisis and morbus 
Brightii, the dose being 0.3 Gm. (3 grains). 
ANTITOXINE, See Diphtheria Antitoxine. 
ANTITOXINS. 
A proprietary antipyretic, not to be confounded with the generic term “Antitox- 
ine,” the blood serum of immunized animals. 
APIOL. Cl 2Ha 404. 
A stearoptene obtained from the fruits of Petroselinum Sativum. The alcoholic 
extract of the fruit is reduced to extractive consistence and the extract washed with 
ether, whereby the apiol goes into solution and on evaporation of the ether crystal- 
lizes. The so-called liquid apiol is merely an alcoholic extract of the parsley fruit. 
Apiol forms colorless needles, of feeble parsley- like odor, melting at 38° C (89 6° F) 
insoluble in water, very soluble in alcohol, ether, fixed and volatile oils. 
It is employed as an antiperiodic and against dysmenorrhcea. Dose 0.35 Gm. 
(4 grains). 
APOCODEIA HYDROCHLORATE. ClBH19N02-HCI. 
Synonym: Apocodeinum Hydrochloricum. 
This is prepared from codeine in a manner analogous to the manufacture of apo- 
morphine from morphine Apooodeine hydrochlorate forms an amorphous, yellow- 
ish powder, soluble in alcohol and water. Its properties are similar to those of apo- 
morphine, it being employed as an expectorant in doses of 0.06 to 0.08 Gm. (1 to VA 
grains). 
APOLYSINE. 
Synonym: Monophenethydin. 
A substance approaching phenaoetin very closely in its chemical composition, etc. 
It appears as a yellowish-white crystalline powder, soluble in 50 parts of cold water 
and 35 parts of hot. glycerin, concentrated nitric and sulphuric acids, etc. In its 
physiological action, etc., it resembles phenacetin very closely, lowering the tempera 
ture. allaying pain, and is said to be fiee from the unpleasant after" effects of that 
substance (phenacetin). It appears to be absolutely non-toxic, no injurious effects 
being noted when given to rabbits and other warm-blooded animals by hypodermic 
injections of 3.50 Gm. of a solution to each kgm. of weight. 
APYONIN. 
A yellow, crystalline powder, introduced as a rival to auramine for use in ophthal- 
mic surgery. It is slightly soluble in water and readily in alcohol. 
ARBUTIN. (C12H160,)2+n20. 
A gluooside obtained from the leaves of the bearberry. Arclostaphylos uva ursi. 
It occurs in colorless, silky needles, which melt at 170° C. (338° F.), soluble in 8 
parts of cold water and 16 parts of alcohol. Arbutin is employed in diseases of the 
kidneys and urinary tract, being given in doses up to 5 Gm. (75 grains). 
ARECOLIN. CBlI13N02. 
A liquid alkaloid obtained from the betel-nut (Areca catechu). It is a strongly 
alkaline liquid, miscible with water, alcohol or ether ; boiling at 330° C. (438° F.) 
Arecolin is employed as an anthelmintic, in doses of 0 003 to 0.004 Gm. (1-30 to 1-16 
grain). Great care should be observed in its administration, as it is a powerful 
heart poison. 
The hydrochlorate of arecolin. a.soluble crystalline salt, melting at 167° C., is also 
employed for the same purposes as the above. 
ARGENTAMIN. 
An antiseptic, employed in gonorrhoea. It is a solution of silver phosphate ill 
aqueous solution of sethylendiamine. In the preparation of this the manufacturers 
have sought to present an antiseptic, which does not precipitate albumen, held in solu- 
tion in a non-corrosive and non-toxic solvent. It has been found that the antiseptic 
power of strong alkaline solvents is greater than simple aqueous solutions, since the 
alkalies dissolve the membrane of the micro-organism as organic bases to 
this purpose are asthylendiamine and alkyl derivatives, piperazin, etc. As antiseptics, THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
which, in conjunction with these organic bases, do not precipitate albumen, are 
phenol, cresol, thymol, naphthol, guaiaool and silver salts. The solutions are prepared 
thus, after the patent: 10 parts of sethylendiamine are dissolved in 500 parts of water, 
adding 10 parts of freshly dissolved cresol. Where creosote or guaiacol is employed, 
it is better to use a larger amount of the base (sethylendiamine). For the preparation of 
the silver solutions 10 parts of silver phosphate (nitrate or chloride) are added slowly, 
with constant stirring, to a solution of 10 parts of the base in 100 parts of water,* 
ARGONIN. 
A compound of silver, casein and alkali, prepared by adding a solution of the 
sodium compound of casein to a solution of silver nitrate, and precipitating the newly 
formed body by the addition of alcohol. The resulting white powder must be free 
from nitric acid and alkali. Argonin is insoluble in cold, but readily soluble in hot 
water; its solutions must be kept away from the light. It is incompatible with acids. 
Employed as a powerful bactericide. 
c3h7 o3h7. 
ARIST O L. > C 6Ha (OI)-OIH2C6 < 
CH3 ch3. 
Synonyms: Annidalin; Di-lodo-Dithymol; Hi-Thymol-lodide. 
To a solution of 5 parts of thymol and 1.2 parts of sodium-hydrate in 10 parts of 
water, add gradually under constant stirring, a solution of 6 parts of iodine and 9 
parts of potassium iodide in 10 parts of water. The precipitate is washed with 
water and dried at low temperature. Aristol forms a pale chocolate colored amor- 
phous powder, insoluble in water and glycerin, slightly soluble in alcohol, readily in. 
ether and collodion; light and heat cause its decomposition. Aristol contains 45.8 per 
cent, of iodine. This compound was introduced as a substitute for iodoform, pos- 
sessing the advantage of being odorless. Ointments containing it are usually pre- 
pared of the strength of 5 to 10 per cent.; other forms of applying it are solutions in 
oils, ether and collodion. 
AROPHENE. A proprietary dental anaesthetic. 
ASAPROL. (CjoH6. b OH. u S03)a Ca-J-SH^O. 
Synonyms; Beta-naphtol-a-mono-sulphonate of calcium; Abrastol. 
This is prepared by saturating an aqueous solution of Beta-naphtol-a-monosul- 
phonic acid with calcium carbonate, evaporating and crvstallizing the salt. Asaprol 
forms a colorless to pale reddish inodorous powder, which is soluble in 1)4 parts of 
water and 3 parts of alcohol. 
It is employed as an antipyretic and analgesic in doses of 3 to 12 grains four or 
five times daily. Incompatibles are sulphates, bicarbonates, iodides, antipyrine and 
quinine. 
ASBOLINE. 
Prepared from pine root. Yellowish oil consisting principally of pyrooateohol 
and its homologues. Antitubercular. 
ASEPSINE. See Antisepslne, 
ASEPTIC ACID. 
This should not be confounded with aseptol, asepsin or antisepsin. Aseptic acid 
is an aqueous solution of 5 Gm. boric acid in 1000 Gm. of hydrogen peroxide (5%) with 
orwithout the addition of 3 Gm. of salicylic acid. (Thoms.) 
The properties of this solution are antiseptic. 
ASEPTOL. C 6H4 <2q3U. gj; 
Synonyms: Acidum Sozolicum; Sozolio Acid; Ortho-Phenoi-Sulphonio 
Acid; Ortho-Sulpho-Carbolic Acid. 
Equal parts of concentrated sulphuric acid and phenol are mixed, the two liquids 
kept at as low a temperature as possible, otherwise, by higher temperature the para- 
acid forms instead of the ortho. After standing several days, it is poured into water 
and neutralized with barium carbonate; the Oarium sulphate is filtered off, the filtrate 
containing the barium salt of sozolic acid. The barium is removed from this com- 
pound by careful addition of sulphuric acid. 
Aseptol is a 33 1-3 per cent, solution of ortho-phenol-sulphonic acid, its specific 
gravity being 1.155; it possesses a feeble odor resembling phenol. On loner standing it 
gradually goes over into the para compound. Aseptol is employed as an antiseptic wash 
in 10 per cent, solution. Its solutions in glycerin, oil or alcohol are inactive, It is ad- 
ministered internally as an anti fermentive in like doses as salicylic acid. 14 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
ASPARAGIN. C 2H3 (NH2) <cooh2+H2° 
Synonyms; Asparamid ; Amido-Succino-Amide. 
A crystalline principle which occurs in asparagus and marshmallow root, being ob- 
tained from the latter by evaporating the aqueous extract to a concentrated volume 
and crystallizing. 
Asparagin forms colorless crystals, which are only slightly soluble in cold water 
and alcohol. 
It is employed as a diuretic in doses of 0.03 to 0.1 Gm. (0.7 to 1,5 grains). 
ASPARAMID. See Asparagin. 
ASPIDOSPERMIN. C2OH30N2O2. 
An alkaloid isolated from the bark of Aspidosperma Quebracho. It occurs in color- 
less crystals, which a-e insoluble in water and soluble in about 48 parts of alcohol. It 
Is employed in treatment of asthma, dyspnoea, emphysema, etc., in doses of 0.016 to 
0.03 Gm. Q4 to Yi grain). 
ATHANON. 
A proprietary disinfectant. 
AURAMINE, SeePyoktaninumAureum. 
BACILLIN. 
A proprietary deodorizer and disinfectant. 
BENZACETIN. 
Synonym: Acet-Amido-Methyl-Salicylic Acid. 
This compound forms colorless crystals, melting at 205° C. (401° F.), and almost 
insoluble in water. Recommended as an antineuralgio. in doses of 0.5 to 1. Gm. 
(8 to 15 grains). 
BENZANALGENE. SeeAnalgene. 
BENZANILIDE. C 6H6NH CO CeH5. 
Synonym: Benzoyl-Anilide. 
Obtained by the action of benzoyl chloride on aniline in the presence of caustic 
soda. It forms colorless crystals, insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol, melting at 163° 
C. (323.4° F.) 
Benzanilide is employed as an antipyretic, suitable for children, the dose being 0.1 
to 0.5 Gm. (1.5 to 8 grains), according to age. 
BENZONAPHTHOL. C 6H5CO2-C10HT. 
Synonyms: Beta-Naphthol Benzoate; Benzoyl-Beta-Naphthol. 
This compound is analogous to betol (naphtho salol), being a naphthyl ester of 
Benzoic acid (C6HbCO2H), and is obtained by the action of benzoyl chloride on beta- 
naphthol. Benzonaphthol occurs in crystalline needles, or powder, inodorous, taste- 
less. insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol and chloroform, melts at 110° C. (230° F.) 
Employed as an intestinal antiseptic in doses of 0,25 to 0 5 Gm. (4 to 8 grains), being 
split up in the intestines into beta-naphthol and benzoic acid. 
BENZO PARA-CRESOL. C 6H4 (OH,) (CO-C6H6). 
Prepared by action of benzoyl chloride on the sodium salt of para-cresol. Insolu- 
ble in water. Soluble in ether and hot alcohol. Properties antiseptic. 
BENZO-PHENONEID. 
Non-irritant germicide similar to pyoctanin. Corneal ulcers, purulent keratitis, 
etc. Soluble in 100 parts of water. 
BENZOSOL. C 6H4OCH3OCOC6H5. 
Synonyms; Guaiacol Benzoate; Benzoyl-Guaiacol, 
This is a compound of guaiacol, in which a hydrogen atom of its hydroxyl is re- 
placed by benzoyl. It is obtained by the action of benzoyl chloride on the sodium 
salt of guaiacol. Benzosol occurs as a colorless, crystalline powder, inodorous, taste- 
less. melting at 50° C. (122° F.); insoluble in water, readily soluble in alcohol. It 
contains 54$ of guaiacol. 
This compound is employed as an antiseptic in the treatment of phthisis, the dose 
Being 0.25 to 0.5 6m. (4 to 8 grains). 
BENZOYL-ANILIDE. See Benzanilide. 
BENZOYL-BETA-NAPHTHOL, See Benzonaphthol, THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
15 
BENZOYL-EUGENOL. (C3Ha.C6H3(Oc;H3)CO2C6H6) 
Prepared by the action of benzoic acid on eugenol; it occurs in acioular crystals, 
melting at 70.5° C. (159° F.), free from odor and taste, insoluble in water, readily sol- 
uble in alcohol and ether. Recommended as an anti-tubercular. 
BENZOYL-GUAIACOL. Seeßenzosol. 
BENZOYL-PARA-CRESOL. See under Cresol. 
BENZOYL-PSEUDO-TROPEIN HYDROCHLORIDE. SeeTropa-CocaineHydro- 
chloride. 
BENZOYL-SULPHONIC-IMIDE. See Saccharin. 
BENZOYLTRO PEINE. 
Silky needles forming soluble salts. Local anaesthetic. 
BETA-NAPHTHOL-ANTIPYRINE. See Naphthopyrin. 
BETA-NAPHTHOL-BENZOATE, See Benzonaphthol. 
BETA-NAPHTHOL-CAMPHOR. See Naphthol-Camphor. 
BETA-NAPHTHOL-CARBONATE. See Naphthol-Carbonate. 
BETA-NAPHTHOL-DISULPHON ATE OF ALUMINUM. See Alumnol. 
BETA-NAPHTHOL-MONOSULPHONATE OF CALCIUM. SeeAsaprol. 
BETA-PHENETIDYL-CROTONIC-ETHYL ESTER. SeePhenetidyl. 
BETA-PHENYL-ACRYLIC ACID. See Phenyl Acrylic Acid. 
BETA-PHENYL-PROPIONIC ACID. See Phenyl Propionic Acid. 
BETA-RESALGIN. See Resalgin. 
BETOL. C 6H4 (OH) COO.C;oH7 
Synonyms; Naphthalol; Naphthosalol; Salinaphthol *, Salicylicnaphthylether. 
Salol and betol are derivatives of salicylic acid, differing from one another in that 
in the former, a hydrogen atom of the salicylic acid is replaced by a phenyl 
group. (C6HS) while in the latter, it is replaced by a naphthyl group (CiOH7). Betol is 
prepared by heating together a mixture of beta-naphthol-sodium, sodium salicylate 
and phosphorus oxychloride. It forms a white, inodorous and tasteless, crystalline 
powder, which melts at 95° C. (303° F.), almost insoluble in water, but dissolves readily 
m alcohol and ether. Betol is employed as an intestinal antiseptic; it-is also of value 
in treatment of vesical catarrh and articular rheumatism. The dose is 0.3 to 0.5 Gm. 
(5 to 8 grains). 
ALPHOL is the corresponding salicylic ester of a-naphthol. 
It is employed in doses of 0.5 to 1.0 Gm, (8 to 15 grains) in treatment of articular 
rheumatism and gonorrhoeic affections. 
BISMUTAL. 
A mixture of bismuth sodium phosphate (Bismuth Phosphate) and sodium salicyl- 
ate. Recommended as an antiseptic. When used as a dusting powder it is diluted 
with 5 parts of starch, or as a solution Ito i%; as an ointment, 10 to 80#. 
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS. 
The various organic salts of bismuth are prepared by interaction between a solu- 
tion of bismuth nitrate [Bi (N0313] and a salt of the organic acid, the resulting bis- 
muth compound precipitating. In order to obtain a clear aqueous solution of bis- 
muth nitrate it is necessary either to dissolve the crystals, first in glycerin (8:3), then 
diluting with water, or to add sufficient nitric acid to the mixture of bismuth nitrate 
and water to effect a clear solution; in this latter instance it is necessary that the solu- 
tion of organic salt he slightly alkaline. Bismuth nitrate may be also dissolved in a 25# 
sodium chloride solution or in acetic or diluted nitric acid. These basic bismuth com- 
pounds are decomposed by acids. 
ALBUMIN A TE. A pale gray or white insoluble powder, containing about 9# of 
bismuth. Employed in gastric and intestinal cramps, in doses of 0.5 to 1 Gm. (8 to 15 
.grains). 
BENZOATE (Sub-Benzoate.) BifCgHsCCyg. Bi(OH)3. By the heat of a water 
hath. 80 parts of bismuth nitrate Bi(NOs)3 are dissolved in 30 parts of glycerin, then 
diluted with 70 parts of water and poured slowly into a solution of 80 parts of sodium 
benzoate in 1,000 paits of water. (This order must not be reversed). The resulting 
precipitate is washed with warm water until the washings no longer react for nitric 
acid (Diphenylamine T. 8 ), then dried at a temperature not above 80° C. Bismuth ben- 
zoate forms a white insoluble powder, which is employed as a dusting powder for 
torpid ulcers; also used internally, being preferred by many to bismuth salicylate. 
CERIUM-SALICYLATE forms an insoluble, pink-colored powder, being a valu- 
able remedy in the treatment of diseases of the gastric and intestinal mucous mem- 
branes. Dose Ito 3 Gm. (15 to 30 grain?v 16 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
DITHI OS A LIG YLA TE, or THIOFORM. See under Dithiosalicylio Acid. 
NAPHTHOLATE. Obtained by adding a solution of beta-naphthol in an alkali 
to a solution of bismuth nitrate, the latter being dissolved by aid of glycerin (see 
above) or a dilute acid. The precipitated bismuth naphtholate is well washed and 
dried at low temperature. It forms a brownish, tasteless powder, insoluble in water; 
it is employed as an intestinal antiseptic, in doses of Ito 2 Gm. (15 to 30 grains,) 
NAPHTHO-GLYCERITE. Recommended as a specific for gonorrhoea. Com- 
position unknown. 
OLE ATE (Ci7H33C02)38i. Obtained by precipitating a solution of sodium oleate 
with a solution of an equivalent amount of bismuth trinitrate; the solution of the lat- 
ter being prepared as above directed. An insoluble powder possessing emollient and 
mild astringent properties; employed in various skin diseases. 
OXYIODIDE, SUBIODIDE, or BASIC lODIDE. Bi 01. Crystalline bismuth 
trinitrate 95.4 Gm. is dissolved in 120 Co. of glacial acetic acid; this solution is then 
poured, under constant stirring, into a solution of 33.2 Gm. of potassium iodide and 
SO Gm. of sodium acetate in two liters of water. The precipitated oxyiodide is then 
washed by decantation, strained off and dried at 100° C. This is a reddish-brown, 
heavy powder, insoluble in all solvents, except acid and alkali solutions, by which it is 
decomposed. Recommended as an antiseptic, combining the action of iodine and bis- 
muth. 
OXYCHLORIDE (SubcMoride). This is made by pouring a solution of bismuth 
trinitrate in diluted nitric acid into a solution of common salt. The white precipitate 
is well washed and then dried. Its medicinal uses are the same as those of the sub- 
nitrate. 
OXY-lOD O-CALL ATE. or AIROL. C 6H2 (OH)3 CO2BiOHI. is a substitute for 
iodoform, applied in ointment (water-free lard or lanolin) or dusted on in powder. It 
is light grayish-green in color; has no odor or taste. 
PHENOL ATE, or CARBOLATE, Bi (OH)2, C 6HbO. Prepared by interaction be- 
tween a solution of bismuth trinitrate (see above) and a solution of sodium phenolate. 
Gray colored, insoluble, inodorous powder, used as an intestinal antiseptic in doses 
of 0.5 to 1 Gm. (8 to 15 grains) also externally as an antiseptic dusting-powder. 
PHOSPHATE. (Soluble.) Obtained by fusing together bismuth oxide, caustic 
soda and phosphoric acid, pulverizing the resulting mass. This product contains 20% 
Bi2Os, and is very soluble in water; its solutions are rendered turbid by the addition 
of acids, alkalies, or by boiling. Recommended as an intestinal disinfectant, also in 
treatment of catarrh of the stomach, in doses of 0.3 to 0.5 Gm. (3 to 8 grains.) 
PYRO CALL ATE (JIELCOSOL). [C6H3(OH)2O]2BiOH. Prepared by dissolving 
150 parts of pyrogallic acid in 610 parts of a 25$ sodium chloride solution, and adding 
this solution to 316 parts of bismuth trichloride dissolved in 1000 parts of a salt solu- 
tion of the same strength. After digesting on a water bath for one half hour the solu- 
tion is poured into water, and the basic bismuth salt thus precipitated is washed with 
water acidulated with nitric acid until the washings are free from chlorides. Forms • 
a yellow insoluble powder (60$ Bi ), which is recommended as an internal and external 
antiseptic. Helcosol has a slightly different constitution, the formula being 
C 6H3(OH)208i.(0H)2; it contains 56.6$ of metallic bismuth and the powder is of a 
greenish-yellow color. 
RESORCINA TE. A solution of bismuth trinitrate is added to a solution of resor- 
cin in excess of alkali. It forms a yellowish-brown powder which contains about 40 
per cent, of Bi2Os. This compound is employed in treatment of chronic and acute 
catarrh of the stomach. The dose is not known. 
SALICYLATE. (Bi (C7H503)3.8i (OH)3-f3H2O). The following process of L. Wol- 
raann (Apoth. Ztg. 9,978) yields a bismuth salicylate of constant composition. Twenty- 
five parts of metallic bismuth in coarse powder is added in small portions to 135 parts 
of nitric acid (sp. gr. 1.20), heated to 75° to 90° C.; toward the end of the operation the 
temperature is increased to boiling. After standing several days, the fluid is decanted 
and evaporated to low bulk and crystallized. The crystals of bismuth nitrate are 
washed with a little water containing nitric acid, and, after draining, 48.6 parts of the 
crystals are dissolved in about 200 parts of dilute acetic acid and the solution ren- 
dered alkaline by the addition of aqua ammonias, The precipitate is well washed by 
decantation, until the wash water ceases to give a blue color on addition of a piece of 
zinc and a few drops of iodide of starch solution. The precipitate is brought to 
a paste by triturating with a little water in a mortar, then adding 13.8 parts of salicylic 
acid and heating on a water bath .until the blue white color changes into that of a 
yellow-white. The mass is then collected on a muslin strainer, pressed and dried at a 
temperature not above 75° C. The bismuth salicylate thus obtained is a white, inodor- 
ous, tasteless and insoluble powder containing 64.65 per cent, of Bi203, 
SUB CALL ATE. See Dermatol. 
SULPHITE. Prepared by interaction between solutions of sodium sulphite and 
bismuth nitrate, the latter being brought into solution by means of glycerin (see Bis- 
muth Salts). Bismuth sulphite possesses an antiseptic and antifermentive action, 
being employed as such in intestinal disorders. Dose same as the subnitrate. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
17 
TRIBROMO-GARBULATE. (Bismuth Tribromo phenate.) Bi203(C6H2Br30tl), 
A yellow, neutral, insoluble powder, inodorous, tasteless, containing 57 to 61# of Bi2G3. 
Used as an intestinal antiseptic in cholerine, cholera, inflammatory condition of the 
mucus intestinal membrane. Dose, 0.5 to 1 Gm. (8 to 15 grains.) 
. VALERIANATE. This is made by mixing 33 parts of bismuth subnitrate made 
into a thick paste with water, with a solution of sodium carbonate 11 parts, valeric 
acid 9 parts and water 30 parts; this mixture is allowed to digest for one hour, fre- 
quently stirring; the undissolved precipitate is collected, washed with cold water 
and dried at 30° C. It forms a white insoluble powder, possessing a strong valerian- 
like odor. Bismuth valerianate possesses the effect of the bismuth salts in addition to 
the anodyne action of the valeric acid. Dose is 0.05 to 0.25 Gm. (1 to 4 grains). 
BOLDIN. 
A principle obtained from the leaves of the Boldoa chUiensis. It is a white, amor- 
phous, bitter powder, almost insoluble in water, readily soluble in alcohol, ether and 
chloroform. Employed as a tonic, also as hypnotic. Dose 0.064 Gm. (1 grain). 
BORAL. 
Synonym; Aluminum Boro-Tartrate. 
Through the interaction between aqueous solutions of borax and aluminum sul- 
phate, aluminum borate isobtained according to the following equation: 3Na2B4Ot4-AI2 
(504)3 = 3Na2SO4+AI2 (8407)3. The resulting precipitate is washed with water till free 
from sodium sulphate, then 1 part of this aluminum borate is dissolved by the heat of 
the water bath, in 10 parts of water, by means of i part of tartaric acid and evapor- 
ated to dryness at not above 40° G. The resulting aluminum-boro-tartrate (Boral) forms 
a soluble crystalline powder, which is recommended as an astringent antiseptic, either 
dry or in aqueous solution. 
BOR-SALICYLATE. 
A soluble and harmless antiseptic obtained by triturating together 33 parts of so- 
dium salicylate and 25 parts of boric acid with a small amount of water ; the mass 
soon becomes hard, when it is dried and powdered. 
BOROCITRIC ACID. 
This combination of boro and citric acids forms a white soluble-powder, which is 
employed as a solvent for urates and phosphates in urinary calculi, gout, etc. Dose, 
0.3 to 1.3 Gm. (5 to 30 grains.) 
BOROPHENYLIC ACID. (Phenyl Boric Acid.) C6HSB(OH)2. 
Obtained by the action of phosphorus oxychloride on a mixture of boric acid and 
phenol. Forms a soluble white powder of mild aromatic taste; melts at 204° C. 
(400° F.) Employed as a preservative agent (1:5000 sol.) 
BORO-SALICYLATE OF GLYCERIN. 
Boric and salicylic acids, when heated in the presence of glycerin, dissolve in large 
proportions, but, on cooling, the mixture soon becomes turbid, forming a thick and 
granular mass. If this mixture be heated anew until it boils and a small quantity oj 
calcined magnesia be then added, the solution after cooling remains perfectly limpid. 
The product thus obtained is miscible with water in all proportions. This boro-sali- 
cylate of glycerine enables the operator to obtain extemporaneously a solution con- 
taining equal parts of the two acids at a degree of concentration impossible with any 
other method. Moreover, the microbioide and antiseptic properties of the salicylic 
and boric acids are in nowise affected by their being transformed into a neutral or 
basic salt. The following is the formula : 
Boric acid 10 Gm. 
Salicylic acid 10 
Distilled water 10 
Thirty per cent. dist. glycerin 40 “ 
Heat the mass in a flask until it boils and then add 1 Gm. calcined magnesia ; re- 
duce the fire and evaporate all the water, obtaining, after cooling, 50 Cc. of the gly- 
cerole or boro-salicylate, 5 Cc. of which will contain exactly 1 Gm. each of salicylic and 
boric acids. 
BOROSALYLIC ACID. BOH(OC6H4 COOH)2. 
A combination of boric and salicylic acids in molecular proportions. Recom- 
mended as an antiseptic instead of salicylic acid. 
BOROSOL. 
A colorless liquid of acid reaction, containing, according to various analyses, alum 
inum tartrate, boric acid, salicylic acid and free tartaric acid in aqueous solution, 
Borosol is recommended as a wash for perspiring feet. 18 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
BRASSiCON. 
A new headache remedy, a green-colored mixture, consisting, according to the 
Suddeutsche Apotheker Zeitung, of 2 Gm. oil of peppermint, 6 Gm. camphor, 4 Gm. ether, 
12 Gm. alcohol and 6 drops of mustard oil. 
BROMAL-HYDRATE. CBr. COH+H2O. 
Synonym; Tri-Brom-Aldehyde-Hydrate. 
A mixture of alcohol 1 part and bromine 4 parts is heated to 140° C., then allowed to 
cool slowly; on standing, crystals of bromalhydrate separate. It forms colorless crys- 
tals, soluble in water, melting at 53.5° C. (138.3° F.); when heated to 100" C. it Is decom- 
pose d into bromine and water. 
Bromal-hydrate is employed as a sedative and antispasmodio, its action being the 
same as that of chloral hydrate, being given, however, in smaller doses, [O.l to 1 Gm. 
(114 to 15 grains) ]. 
BROMALIN. (CBHI2N4, C 2HsBr). 
Synonym: Hexamethylene-Tetramin-Brom-Bthylate. 
This compound appears in colorless scales, or as a white crystalline powder, read- 
ily soluble in water. It is administered to women and children in doses of 3to 4 Gm. 
(30 to 60 grains), as a nervine and sedative. 
BROMAMIDE. C 6H2Br3.NH2.HBr. 
Synonym: Tri-Brom-Anilin Hydrobromide. 
Nitrotribrombenzol is reduced by means of nascent hydrogen, the resulting pro- 
duct being treated with hydrobromio acid. This occurs in colorless, tasteless crystals, 
melting at II7°C. (343.6° P.), being employed as an antineuralgic in doses of 0.6 Gm. (10 
grains). 
BROMH/EMOL. See under Haemol. 
BROMOFORM. CHBr3. 
Synonym; Tri-Brom-Methane. 
This analogue of chloroform is prepared by the action of sodium hypobromite on 
acetone. It forms a clear, colorless liquid, of chloroformic odor and taste; its specific 
gravity is 2.9 and boiling-point 152° C. (305.6° F.). Bromoform is only very slightly so lu- 
ble in water, but readily in alcohol. It is employed in treatment of whooping-cough 
in daily doses of 5 to 30 drops. 
BROMOL. CsH2Br3OH. 
Synonyms; Tri-Brom-Phenol; Bromphenol. 
This compound is obtained by pouring an aqueous solution of bromine in an aque- 
ous solution of phenol, a white crystalline precipitate resulting. The precipitate is 
washed and crystallized from alcohol. Bromol forms colorless crystals, which are 
insoluble in water, very soluble in alcohol, fatty and volatile oils. It is employed ex- 
ternally as an antiseptic in solution (1:30 olive oil), or ointment (1:10), or as a dusting 
powder. In the treatment of diphtheria it is used in ai% glycerin solution. 
BROMO-PHENOL. 
Synonym ; Or tho-Bromo- Phenol. 
This is a dull, violet-colored liquid, having a phenol-like odor; obtained by treating 
phenol with bromine. It is employed in the form of a 1 to 2% ointment in the treatment 
of erysipelas. 
BROM-PHENOL. See Bromol. 
BURSIC ACID. 
The active principle of the Bursa pastoris. Forms a pale, yellow, hygroscopic mass, 
of astringent taste. Employed subcutaneously as a hmmostatic, being of equal value 
to ergot. 
BUTYL-CHLORAL-HYDRATE.. CC13-CH2-CH2-COH-H20. 
Synonym: Croton Chloral. 
A current of chlorine gas is passed through paraldehyde until saturated,the resulting 
butyl-chloral is purified by distillation, and brought in contact with water. Butyl- 
chloral-hydrate forms colorless, crystalline scales, which melt at 78° C., soluble in 30 
parts of cold water, readily soluble in alcohol and ether. 
It is employed as a hypnotic, in doses of 1 to 1.5 Cm, (15 to 31 grains). 
BUTYL-HYPNAL, See under Antipyrine. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
19 
BUTYROMEL. 
A mixture of 3 parts of fresh unsalted butter and 1 part of honey ; intended as a 
substitute for cod-liver-oil. 
BUXINE. Cl6HaiN03. 
An alkaloid from the bark of Buxus sempervirens, identical with berberine. Recom- 
mended as a tonic and febrifuge; in doses of Ito 3 Gm. (15 to 30 grains). 
CADMIUM SALICYLATE. (C6H4 (OH) C02)aCd. 
This salt is prepared by the action of salicylic acid upon , cadmium hydrate or carb- 
onate, or by precipitating barium salicylate with cadmium sulphate. When prepared 
bjr the first method, molecular quantities of the two substances are heated together 
with water until solution takes place, then evaporated to low bulk and crystallized. 
Thus obtained cadmium salicylate forms fine, white, tabular crystals, which melt at 
300° C. (572° P.) and dissolve in 24 parts of water at 100° C., and 68 parts at 23° C.; also sol- 
uble in alcohol, ether and glycerin. The latter method of preparation yields an amor- 
phous powder. Cadmium salicylate possesses a more energetic antiseptic action than 
the other salts of cadmium, being recommended in treatment of purulent ophthalmia. 
OESIUM BITARTRATE. CsaC4H406. 
Forms colorless prismatic, strongly refractive crystals which are readily soluble in 
water. This and the corresponding Rubidium compound were recommended by 
Schaefer in nervous heart palpitation, in doses of 0.18 to 0.3 Gm. 
CAFFEINE SALTS (DOUBLE SALTS AND DERIVATIVES). C 8n10N4O2A+XHaO- 
Among the large number of salts of caffeine that have been introduced, a very few 
have received attention, among the very important of these are the carbolate, phthalate 
and boro-citrate which are readily soluble, the former two being recommended for hypo- 
dermic use. 
CAFFEINE CHLORAL, CBIIlo'N'402-C Cl3COH. This is a combination of chloral 
and caffeine in molecular proportions. It is crystalline and soluble in water. Caffeine- 
chloral is a sedative and analgesic. Dose 0.2 to 0.3 Gm, (3 to 5 grains). 
CAFFEINE- SODIUM RENZO A TE. Is prepared by evaporating an aqueous sol- 
ution of one part of caffeine in one of sodium benzoate dissolved in 3 parts of water. 
It forms white crystalline crusts. Owing to the ready solubility of this and the follow- 
ing double salts, they are especially suitable for subcutaneous use. 
CAFFEINE-SODIUMSALTC7LA TEanA CAFEEINE-SODIUM- CINNAMA TE 
are prepared in the same manner as the above benzoate, employing equal parts of caf- 
eine and the respective organic sodium salts. 
CAFFEINE-SODIUM SULPHONA TE. See Symphorol. 
CAFFEINE TRI-lODIDE. (Di-lodo-Caffeine-Hydriodide.) (CBHioN4O2T2HI)2+ 
3HaO. This is prepared by adding a solution of hydriodio acid to a weak alcoholic 
solution of caffeine. It forms dark-green prisms which are readily soluble in alcohol. 
Internally it acts like a weak preparation of iodine, the dose being 0.13 to 0.34 Gm. (3 
to 4 grains). 
ETHOXY- CAFFEINE. (OC2HS). Is prepared by boiling monobrom- 
caffeine with caustic potash. It forms crystalline needles which are less soluble in 
water than caffeine, melting at 138° 0. (280.4° F.) Ethoxy-caffeine has a similar action 
to caffeine, being also narcotic. Dose is about 0.3 Gm. (3 grains). 
IUDO-CAFFEINE. Is prepared by passing sulphuretted hydrogen into a solution 
of potassium iodide and caffeine. lodo-caffeine forms colorless crystals soluble in 
water; unstable, decomposed by hot water; it is employed in cardiac affections in 
doses of about 0.3 Gm. (5 grains.) 
IODOL- CAFFEINE. 06111011402 C4l4lSfH. A crystalline compound prepared by 
the interaction of molecular quantities of iodol and caffeine. It is a gray color, inodor- 
ous, tasteless and practically insoluble in the ordinary solvents. lodol-oaffeine is em- 
ployed as an antiseptic like iodol, of which it contains 7b%. 
lODO- THEOBROMINE. Is prepared in like manner to the above caffeine com- 
pound. It is used as a diuretic, alterative, and in cardiac affections. Dose, 0.3 to 0.5 
Gm. (5 to 8 grains.) 
CAHINCIN. See Caincic Acid. 
CAINCIC ACID. C4OH64O18. 
Synonyms; Cahincio Acid; Cahincin. 
A crystalline principle obtained from the root of the Chiococca anguifuga (oainca 
root). Forms crystalline flakes, inodorous, of a bitter, astringent taste, soluble in 
water and alcohol. Given in doses of 2 to 4 grains (0.13 to 0.35 Gm.) as a diuretic and 
cathartic; as an emetic, in doses of Bto 15 grains, (0.5 to 1 Gm.) 20 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
CAJUPUTOL. See Eucalyptol. 
CALCIUM BORATE. 
Obtained by interaction between aqueous solutions of borax and calcium chloride. 
Recommended as an antiseptic dusting-powder in treatment of moist eczema, burns, 
etc. likewise internally in doses of 0.3 too.4Gm. (3 to 6 grains) for diarrhoea of children. 
CALCIUM PERMANGANATE. 
Deliquescent brown needles, decomposing readily when in contact with organic 
substances. It is claimed to be a more powerful bactericide than corrosive sublimate. 
CALCIUM SALICYLATE. [ C 6H4 <g^0]2Ca+3H20 
Salicylic acid is neutralized with an equivalent amount of calcium carbonate (free 
from iron) in the presence of hot water, the filtered solution is then evaporated and 
crystallized. Calcium salicylate forms a white,crystalline powder, inodorous and taste- 
less, almost insoluble in cold water. 
It is employed in the diarrhoea of children in gastro-enteritis, the dose being 0 5 to 
1.5 Gm. (8 to 24 grains). 
CALCIUM SULPHOPHENATE (SULPHOCARBOLATE). 
• repared by neutralizing sulphocarbolio acid with calcium carbonate. It forms a 
white, almost inodorous, stable, astringent, bitter powder, freely soluble in water and 
alcohol. Recommended because of its strong antiseptic, disinfectant and astringent 
properties, given internally in 1% aqueous solution. 
CALOLACTOSE. 
An intestinal disinfectant, said to consist of a mixture of calomel (1), bismuth sub- 
nitrate (1), and lactose (8). 
CAMPHOID. 
This is prepared by dissolving pyroxylon, 1 part, in a solution of 20 parts of cam- 
phor in alcohol. It constitutes a thick, colorless fluid, which, because of its rapidity 
in drying, leaving a thin film when applied to the skin, serves as an excellent vehicle 
for iodoform, chrysarobin, etc. 
CAMPHOPYRAZOLON. Cl 7H20N20. 
This is a compound of phenyl-hydrazine and campho-carboxylic acid. It occurs 
in fine crystalline needles, melting at 133° C. (269.6° F.). insoluble in water and ether, 
soluble in alcohol. Campho-pyrazolon is proposed as a substitute for camphor. 
CAMPHOR, NAPHTHOL. See Beta-Naphthol Camphor. 
CAMPHOR, PHENYLATED. See Phenol Camphor. 
CAMPHOR SALICYLATE. 
This is prepared by fusing together 84p. of camphor and 65p. of salicylic acid, 
which solidifies to a crystalline mass. It may be obtained in well formed crystals by 
recrystallization from benzol. Soluble lin2o in the fatty oils ; almost insoluble in 
water and glycerin. Employed externally in ointment form as an application in 
lupus and various skin diseases, internally in treatment of certain diarrhoeal com- 
plaints. Dose 0.05 to 0.25 Gm. (4-5 to 3.8 grains). 
CAMPHOR, SALOL, See under Salol. 
CAMPHORIC ACID. C 8H14(COOH)2. 
This is a dibasic acid obtained by the action of hot nitric acid on camphor. It 
forms white, scaly crystals, odorless, melting at 186.5° C (368° P.) It is soluble in 200 
parts of cold and 10 parts of boiling water ; very soluble in alcohol. 
It is employed in treatment of night sweats of consumptives, likewise in acute 
and chronic diseases of the respiratory tract. The dose is from Ito 1.5 Gm. (15 to 24 
grains.) When applied topically it is used in a solution of from Ito i% strength. 
CAMPHORONIC ACID, CeHn (COOH)3, 
Synonym; Iso-propyl carbylic Acid. 
Obtained by the oxidation of campholio acid. It forms soluble white needles, 
hygroscopic ; melts at 136° C, (376.8° F.) Recommended as an antiseptic. 
CANNABIN. 
An alkaloid isolated from Cannabis Sativa, or Indian Hemp. Cannabin forms a 
brown, syrupy liquid, which is employed as a hypnotic, the dose being 0.06 to 0.3 Gm. 
(1 to 5 grains). THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
CANNABIN TANNATE forms a yellowish-gray colored powder of bitter and 
slightly astringent taste, only slightly soluble in water, alcohol and ether, very soluble 
in acidulated water. It is employed as a hypnotic in nervous sleeplessness, the dose 
being 0.25 to 1 Gm. (3 to 15 grains). 
CANNABINDON. 
A red syrupy fluid, obtained from Cannabis indica, soluble in alcohol and 
ether, but insoluble in water. Recommended as hypnotic in hysteria and insanity in 
doses of 0.033 to 0.097 Gm. Q4 to grains) once daily. Women half this dose. 
CANNABINON. 
A resinous body obtained from the flowering tops of the Cannabis Saliva. Canna- 
binon appears in form of a dark-brown, soft resin, insoluble in water; soluble in alco- 
hol, ether, chloroform, fatty and volatile oils. Recommended as a sedative and hyp- 
notic, in doses of 0.03 to 0.1 Gm. 06 to 1% grains). 
CANNONIN. 
A proprietary disinfectant. 
CANTHARIDIN. ClOH12O4. 
The active vesicating principle obtained from the Caniharis vesicatoria and other 
members of the family of Coleoptera. Cantharidin forms colorless crystals, which are 
insoluble in water, but very soluble in chloroform; it dissolves quite readily in ether 
and the fatty oils, with caustic alkalies it forms salts soluble in water. This principle 
is frequently employed in place of cantharides. The salts, or cantharidates. are em- 
ployed hypodermically in treatment of tuberculosis, 0.3 Gm. of cantharidin and 0.4 
Gm. of potassium hydrate being dissolved in 1.000 Cc, of distilled water; of this solu- 
tion 0.3 to 0.4 Cc. iO.OOOI to 0.0003 Gm.) being employed for a subcutaneous injection. 
CAPITCURA. 
A proprietary antipyretic and analgesic. 
CARDINE. 
A clear yellow, fluid, prepared by digesting the finely chopped hearts of sheep with 
an equal quantity of glycerin and boric acid solution in a well-closed vessel, and subse- 
quently filtering. Employed subcutaneously in 3to 5 Cc. doses as a heart tonic and di- 
uretic. 
CARDOL. 
A blistering oil obtained from the pericarps of the Anacardium occidentals, by ex- 
traction with ether. Employed externally as a vesicant. 
CARNIFERRIN. 
This is a meat preparation, of German production, being a combination of the 
phosphoric acid of the body with 30# of iron. It is given in 3to 5 grain doses for child- 
ren and 8 grains for adults. It is readily absorbed and tasteless, and mixes well with 
acid or alkaline solutions. 
CARNOLIN. 
An aqueous solution containing 1.5# of formaldehyde ; specific gravity 1.0035- 
Recommended as a harmless disinfectant and preservative for food. 
CARPAIN. Cl 4H27N02. 
An alkaloid obtained from the leaves of Carica papaya. Carpain forms handsome 
colorless crystals of a bitter taste, melting at 131° C. (349.8° P.); it readily unites with 
acids, forming crystalline salts. 
This alkaloid is employed as a substitute for digitalis, being given in doses, hypo- 
dermically, of 0.006 to 0.01 Gm. (1-10 to 1-6 grain). 
CARVACROL. Cl 3H13OH. 
A phenol found in the essential oil of Origanum species. It forms a thick fluid, 
which boils at 835° C, Carvacrol possesses powerful antiseptic properties. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
CARVACROL lODIDE. CI3H1301. 
This is prepared analogous to aristol, by the action of iodine upon an alkaline solu' 
tion of carvacrol. It constitutes a brown-colored powder, which becomes soft at 50° C. 
(123° F.), melting at 90° C. (194° F.) to a brown fluid. It is insoluble in water, slightly sol- 
uble in alcohol, readily in ether, chloroform and olive oil. 
Carvacrol iodide is employed as a substitute for iodoform. 
CASCARINE. 
A principle isolated from the Cascara sagrada; it is also identical with rhamno- 
xanthine, which occurs in the Bhamnus frangula. This principle occurs in colorless, 
tasteless needles, melting at 200° C. (392° F.), insoluble in water, but soluble in alcohol. 
Casearine is recommended in doses of 3 to 3 grains (0.15 to 0.3 Gm.) daily in treatment 
of habitual constipation. 
CASEIN-SODIUM. 
A soluble, chemically pure albuminoid body, which may be dissolved in milk, cocoa, 
bouillon, etc., without in the least interfering with the taste of these. Ten grammes 
of this preparation represent 500 Gm. of milk. Casein-sodium is obtained by evaporat- 
ing and drying the calculated amounts of casein and sodium hydrate in vacuo. 
CATECHU-TANNIC ACID. 
A reddish-brown powder obtained from the Acacia catechu. It is employed as an 
astringent to check diarrhoea, haemorrhage ; also bleeding gums, ulcerated nipples, 
epistaxis, etc. 
CETRARIN. ClBH1608. 
A bitter principle obtained from Iceland moss, (Cetraria Islandica). It forms color- 
less crystals of a bitter taste, difficultly soluble in cold, but very soluble in hot alcohol. 
Cetrarin increases peristalsis, likewise the secretion of saliva, bile and pancreatic 
juice. Internal dose is 0.1 to 0.3 Gm. (1.5 to 3 grains). 
CHEMIA. 
A proprietary antiseptic. 
CHINASEPTOL. See under Chinoline. 
CHININUM BIM URIATICUM CA REAM I DATUM. See Quinine Dihydrochloride- 
[Carbamate. 
CHINOL. 
Synonyms ; Chinoline or Quinoline Monohypochloride. 
White, crystalline, odorless powder, almost insoluble in water. Soluble in alcohol. 
Antipyretic. Dose. 3to 5 grains. 
CHINOLINE. C„H7N. 
A tertiary amine, obtained by the distillation of quinine or cinchonine with po 
tassium hydrate, or, as synthesized by Skraup, by heating a mixture of nitrobenzol, an- 
iline, glycerin and sulphuric acid. Pure chinoline is a yellowish-colored liquid, of arom- 
atic odor, its specific gravity being 1,084; boiling at 337° C. (458.6° F.). It is almost 
insoluble in water, very soluble in alcohol and ether. Chinoline is antiseptic, antizy- 
motic and antipyretic; being employed chiefly as a tooth- and mouth-wash (0.2)0. 
Chinoline unites readily with the acids forming soluble crystalline salts. 
CRINOLINE SALICYLATE. C 9HTN C,H,03. A white crystalline powder, solu- 
ble in 80 parts of water, very soluble in alcohol, ether, glycerin and the oils. Antifeb- 
rile and antiseptic in doses of 0.5 to 1 Gm. (8 to 15 grains), 
CRINOLINE TAB TEA TE. (C9HTN)3 (C4H606)4. Occurs in colorless, rhombic 
crystals, soluble in 80 parts of cold water, less so in hot water, soluble in 150 parts of 
alcohol. Its properties and doses are similar to the above. 
ACETO-ORTHO-AMIDO-CRINOLINE COH«N (NHCH3CO). This preparation 
is an analogue of acetanilid, in which chinolin replaces phenyl. It forms colorless 
crystals, which melt at 103.5° C. It possesses antipyretic properties. 
DIAPRTREBIN (OX7-CRIN-ASEPTOL). HO.C9nBN-lISO3.C6II40H-C9TIBN.OH. 
This is a compound of one molecule of oxychinolin with one molecule of phenoisul- 
phonate of oxychinolin. It forms clear, yellow crystals, soluble in water and melting 
at 85° C. (185° F.). Diaphtherin possesses antiseptic properties equal to those of carbolic 
acid, as also the advantages of solubility and of being non-poisonous. It is employed 
in Hto \% solution. The solution readily attacks surgical instruments. 
DEKIYATIYES. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
DIAPHTOL ( CniNASEPTOL). C 9H8 (OH) (SO3H) N. This is an ortho-oxychino- 
line-meta-»iapnuuic acm, nearing me samu leiation 1,0 chinoliue as pneuoi-suipnonic 
acid does to benzol. It forms yellowish-colored crystals which are only slightly sol- 
uble in cold water, melting at 295° C. (563° F.). Its aqueous solution, like that of diaph- 
therin, gives a green color with ferric chloride. The properties of diaphtol are similar 
to those of diaphtherin 
KAIRIN. C»H10 (C2H6) NO.HCI. Synonyms; Ethyl Kairin; Kairin A; Oxy-Chino 
line-Ethylhydride. This is a derivative of chinoline; its method of preparation is 
complicated. Kairin was the first synthetical substitute for quinine. It was recom- 
mended as an antipyretic in doses of 0.5 to 1 Gm. (8 to 15 grains). 
KAIROLIN. C 9H10 (C2HB) N.H2SO4. Synonyms: Kairolin A and M; Chinolin- 
ethylhydride (A); Chinolinmethylhydride (M). Kairin M. is the hydrochloride of *-oxy- 
chinolin-methyltetrahydride, while kairolin A and M are the acid sulphates of etlr 1- 
chinoline-tetrahydride and methyl-chinoline-tetrahydride, respectively. These 
remedies are not employed since the discovery of other antipyretics. 
LOBETIN. This is a meta-iodo-ortho-oxychinoline-ana-sulphonic acid, (C9H4I- 
OH-SO3H-N) a powerful antiseptic discovered by Claus. It forms a yellow, inodorous, 
crystalline powder, which is only very slightly soluble in water (1:1000), insoluble in 
ether and the - ils, melting at about 270°n. (518° P.). Loretin forms a valuable substitute 
for iodoform, having the advantage of being free from odor and toxic effect. It is em- 
ployed as a dusting powder, either alone or diluted; in sto 10* ointments and 0.1 to 0.2* 
aqueous solutions. 
BIIODANATE. (Sulphocyanate.) C 9H7N<C^CIq- Forms white crystals, melt- 
ing at 140° C. (384° F.), soluble in cold water to the extent of 3.5*, very soluble in hot 
water. A powerful bactericide in 0.3 to 3* solutions. 
CHLORALAMID. CCl3CH.OH. NH.COH. 
Synonym: Chloral-Formamide. 
This is prepared by interaction between chloral (CCI3COH) and formamide 
CHCONH2). Chloralamid forms colorless crystals, which melt at 115° C. (239° F.), solu- 
ble in 30 parts of cold water and about 1% of alcohol ;it should nbt be heated with 
water. 
It is employed as a substitute for chloral hydrate, in doses of 1 to 3 Gm. (15 to 45 
grains). 
SULPHO CYAN A TE. See Chinolin Rhodanate. 
CHLORAL-AMMONIUM. CCI3CH.OH.NH2. 
This should not be confused with Chloralamid. Chloral-ammonium is obtained 
by passing a current of dry ammonia gas into a solution of chloral in chloroform. It 
forms colorless needles, which melt at 34° C. (183.2° F.), almost insoluble in water ; 
when boiled with water it is decomposed into chloroform and ammonium formate. 
It is used as a hypnotic and analgesic, in doses of from 1 to 2 Gm. (15 to 30 grains). 
CH LORAL-ANTI PYRIN E (Mbnochlor-Antipyrine). See under Antipyrine. 
CHLORAL-CAFFEINE. 
A combination of chloral and caffeine in aqueous or alcoholic solution, prepared 
by a patented process, possessing (over caffeine) the advantage of ready solubility. 
CHLORAL FORMAMIDE. See Chloralamid. 
CHLORAL-HYDROCYANATE. 
Synonyms: Chloral Hydrocyanic. Chloral Cyanhydrin. 
White rhombic plates with odor of hydrocyanic acid and chloral. Soluble in 
water, alcohol and ether. Fairly stable in solution. Decomposed by alkalis. 1.29 
parts dissolved in 9 parts distilled water equivalent to U. S. P. 2 per cent, hydrocyanic 
acid. 1 to 160 = bitter almond water of Germ. Pharm. 646 parts hydrooyanate contain 
1 part pure HCN. 
CHLORALIMID. CC1SCH-NH. 
This body is obtained by heating chloral ammonium. Chloralimid is a crystalline 
powder, which is almost insoluble in water, easily in alcohol; mineral acids decom- 
pose it into chloroform and ammonia salt. Its properties are those of a hypnotic, in 
doses of Ito 4 Gm. (15 to 60 grains.) Decomposed by mineral acids. 24 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
CHLORALOSE. C 8HnCl306. 
Synonym; Anhydrogluco-Chloral. 
This is a compound of chloral with grape sugar. Chloralose forms fine colorless 
needles, which melt at 181° to 18s° C. (363.3° to 366.8° F.), soluble in 170 parts of cold 
water, readily so in alcohol. It is employed as a hypnotic (substitute for chloral), in 
doses of 0.3 to 0.5 Gm. (3 to 8 grains). 
CHLORALOXIMES. 
These are a class of bodies which consist of compounds of chloral with various 
oximes. Among the more important of these are chlorcdacetoxime. chloral camphor- 
oxime, chloral acelaldoxime. chloral benzaldoxirne, chloral nitroso-beta-naphthol. etc. These 
compounds are soluble in alcohol and decomposed by heating with water. They are 
intended as hypnotics, the dosage having not been determined. 
CHLORAL URETHANE. See Uralium. 
CHLOR-METHYL. See Methyl Chloride. 
CHLOROBROM. 
A mixture of equal parts of ohloralimid and potassium bromide. Used as a hyp- 
notic, especially in the treatment of the insane. 
CH LORO 10 DO LI POL. 
A chlorine substitution product of phenol, creosote and guaiaool, recommended 
for inhalation in treatment of chronic diseases of the air passages. 
CHLOROLIN. 
An antiseptic solution containing chiefly mono- and tri-chlor-phenol. It is recom- 
mended as an effectual disinfectant for cesspools, closets, hospitals, etc. As an anti 
septic wash in surgical operations a3to 3# solution is strong enough. An antiseptic 
soap is also prepared from it. 
CI, 
CHLORO-PHENOL. (Tri-Chlor-Phenol). CcH2 < 
OH 
This is a derivative of carbolic acid, in which three atoms of hydrogen are re- 
placed by chlorine ; it occurs in the form of colorless, needle-like crystals, with an 
odor of phenol. This is employed as alto 2% ointment in treatment of erysipelas. 
CHLOROSALOL. 
The chlorphenylic ether of salicylic acid. Has been recommended as a surgical 
antiseptic by Prof. Girardi, of Berne Further experiments will be made as to its 
availability for internal administration. 
.01 (1) 
CHLORPHENOL. C,H4 < 
OH (3) 
Synonyms; Monochlorphenol; Ortho-Mono-Chlor-Phenol. 
The preparation employed under this name consists of a mixture of ortho-mono- 
chlorphenol (7 pt.) and alcohol, eugenol and menthol (together 3 pt.) This liquid is 
employed in diseases of the respiratory organs, from 18 to 30 drops being inhaled 
daily. 
. Cl (3). 
TAR A-MONO CEL OR PHENOL. C SH4 < 
OH (3). 
This is a crystalline body resulting from the chlorination of phenol, possessing 
greater antiseptic power than the other two isomers. It melts at 37° C. (98.6°P,), is 
readily soluble in alcohol, but sparingly in water; it is employed as alto 2% ointment 
in treatment of erysipelas. 
CHLORSALOL. C 6H4 (OH) 00.0C6H4CI. 
Synonyms; Chlorphenol Salicylate; Salicylic-Chlorphenol-Ester. 
This is prepared by the action of phosphorus penta-ohloride on a mixture of ortho- 
and para-ohlorphenol. Chlorsalol, that is the ortho-phenyl-ester, forms colorless crys- 
tals which melt at 55° C. (131° P.), while those of the para-phenyl-ester melt at 73° C. 
(161.6° F.). Both are insoluble in water and soluble in alcohol. Chlorsalol is employed 
as a substitute for salol, being more energetic in its action. 
CHLORYL. 
This name has been applied to a mixture of methyl and ethyl chlorides. It is a 
liquid at O°C.; employed as an anaesthetic, being milder in effect than ethyl chloride. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
25 
CHROATOL. 
Greenish-yellow aromatic crystals, insoluble in water, slightly in ether and chloro- 
form. Quite soluble in alcohol, benzol and acetic ether. Dermal application in 
psoriasis, alopecia, etc., in powder or ointment. 
CHROMOSOT. 
Said to consist chiefly of sodium sulphite and sulphate. Used as a disinfectant. 
CHRYSAROBIN. C3On26O7. 
A principle obtained from Goa powder, which is a concretion found in the stem and 
branches of the Andira Araroba. It is a light yellow, crystalline powder, very slightly 
soluble in water, slightly soluble in alcohol, ether and chloroform, freely soluble in 
alkalies. By oxidation, chrysarobin is converted into chrysophanic acid. It is em- 
ployed chiefly in treatment of various skin diseases, in ointment of XU# strength. 
CINCHONIN-H ERAPATHIT. See Antiseptol. 
CINCHONIN-lODOSULPHATE. See Antiseptol. 
CINEOL. See Eucalyptol. 
CINNAMIC ACID. C 6HSCH=CH.COOH. 
Synonyms: Acid Cinnamylio; Beta-Phenylacrylio Acid. 
This occurs naturally in Peru and Tolu balsams; it is obtained synthetically by 
heating benzaldehyde and acetyl-ehlorid together under pressure. It forms colorless 
to yellowish, glossy; plates, of melting point 133° C. (271.4* F.). Insoluble in cold, but 
quite soluble in boiling water. 
It is employed, in form of an emulsion or alcoholic solution, as hypodermic injec- 
tion in the treatment of tubercular affections. 
I? Acid cinnamylic 6.0 
01. Amygdal. dulc 10.0 
Yitelli Ovi No.l. 
Solut. Natrii chlorati q. s. 
Misce ut fiat emulsio. 
D. S. Injection 0.1 to 1 cc. 
CINNAMYL-EUGENOL. SeeunderEugenol. 
CINNAMYL-GUAIACOL. See under Guaiacol, 
CITROPHEN. C 3H4OH(g£NH>C6H4)3. 
A compound of citric acid and para-phenetidin (C6H4 <C • It forms a 
white crystalline powder of acidulous taste, soluble in about 40 parts of cold water 
(which recommends it for subcutaneous injections); melts at 181° C. (358° F) Citro- 
phen is recommended as an antipyretic and antineuralgio in doses of 0.5 to 1 Gm. 
(8 to 15 grains.) 
COCAINE SALTS. Cl7HaiN04A. 
Only the more important of the new combinations will be given. The doses are 
essentially the same as in the hydrochlorate. 
CO CAINE-ALUMINUM SULPHATE. This double compound of cocaine and 
aluminum sulphate is obtained by mixing together solutions of cocaine and aluminum 
sulphate, evaporating and crystallizing. Nothing definite is known as to its applica- 
tion and dosage. 
C 0 CAINE B ORA TE. Is employed for subcutaneous injections and eye douches. 
It is preferable to all other salts of cocaine because of the stability of its aqueous solu- 
tions and the indifference of the boric acid. 
COCAINE LACTATE. Is a soft mass, readily soluble in water; it is of value in 
treatment of cystitis. 
COCAINE NITRATE. Is employed in combination with silver nitrate in treat- 
ment of diseases of the genito-urinary tract. 
COCAINE THEN ATE ox CARE OLA TE. Forms a soft mass, insoluble in water* 
very soluble in alcohol. This salt is employed subcutaneously as a local anaesthetic, 
also as a local application; stronger solutions are required to produce the same degree 
of anaesthesia as with the hydrochlorate. 
COCAINE SACCHARATE. Forms hydroscopic, crystalline plates. A 5% solu- 
tion of this salt corresponds to a 4% solution of the hydrochlorate. Because of its 
sweet taste it is preferred for throat applications. 26 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
COCAPYRIN. 
A mixture of 100 parts of antipyrin and 1 part of cocaine. Administered in pas- 
tilles each containing 0.3 Gm. (3 grains.) of antipyrin and 0.003 Gm. (1-33 grain.) of 
cocaine. 
CODEINE HYDRIODATE. See lodic Acid. 
CODEINE PHOSPHATE. Clsn21N03.H3PC>4-f3H20. 
This salt occurs in fine colorless needles, a bitter taste, is readily soluble in water 
and sparingly in alcohol. Codeine phosphate is adapted as a substitute for morphine 
for administration to children, also employed in most affections of the respiratory or- 
gans. etc. Dose 0.035 to 0.05 Gm, (1-3 to % grains). 
CODOL. See Eetinol. 
COLCHICEIN. C2lH22(0H)Sr0s+^Aq. 
When colchicin is boiled with dilute sulphuric acid it is converted into colchicein 
and methyl alcohol. Colchicein forms white crystals, which are soluble in water and 
alcohol. It should be dispensed with caution, the dose being 0.001 Gm. (1-64 grain) 
subcutaneously. 
COLCHICINE. C 22 
An alkaloid obtained from the Colchicum autumnale. Colchicine forms a yellow- 
ish white amorphous powder which is readily soluble in water and alcohol; melts at 
145° C. (293° E.) It is employed in treatment of rheumatism, sciatica, etc., in doses of 
1-130 to 1-160 grain. 
CONIINE HYDROBROMIDE, C 8nITN.HBr. 
This is the hydrobromate of the liquid alkaloid Coniine, which is obtained from 
the seeds of the Uonium maculatum. It forms colorless crystals, which are soluble in 
water. Employed in the treatment of cardiac asthma in doses of 0.003 to 0.005 Gm. 
(1-20 to 1-13 grain). 
CONVALLAMARIN. C 23 
A gluooside obtained from roots of the GonvaUaria majalis. It is a white powder, 
very bitter, soluble in water and alcohol. Employed as a cardiac stimulant in doses of 
0.05 Gm. {% grain). 
CONVALLARIN. 
Gluooside from GonvaUaria majalis, not to be confounded with Convallamarin. 
Crystals very soluble in alcohol, insoluble in water. Drastic purgative. 
CONVOLVULIN. 
A gluooside obtained from the root of Ipomcza purga and other plants of the same 
genus. An amorphous mass, insoluble in water, readily so in alcohol and acetic acid. 
Oonvolvulin is a powerful purgative; dose 0.06 to 0.13 Gm, (1 io 3 grains). 
CORNUTIN. 
One of the active principles of ergot. A reddish to yellowish-colored powder which 
readily forms salts with acids. It is recommended to relieve haemorrhage arising from 
abortion, also to increase the vigor of labor pains. The dose is 0.005 Gm. (1-13 grain). 
CORONILLIN. 
A gluooside obtained from the seeds of Coronilla scorpioides; forms a pale yellow, 
bitter powder, soluble in water and alcohol, almost insoluble in ether. Strengthens the 
action of the pulse and increases diuresis. Dose 0.06 to 0.13 Gm. (1 to 2 grains). 
COTOIN. CaaHigOs. 
A neutral principle obtained from the coto bark. It forms an amorphous or crys- 
talline powder, which melts at 130° C. (366° P.), slightly soluble in water, freely soluble 
in alcohol and ether. Cotoin is employed in treatment of cholera, it is also said to 
relieve night sweats. The dose is 0.03 to 0.3 Gm. (J4 to 5 grains). 
COUMARIN. SeeCumarin. 
CREATIN. 
Constituent of muscular tissue. Opaque, white solid with bitter, acrid taste. The 
monohydrate occurs in transparent prisms. Soluble in 70 water. Muscular and 
digestive tonic. Dose, 1)4 grains, 3to 5 times daily. 
CREOLIN. See under Cresol. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
CREOSAL. 
A compound obtained by heating a mixture of equal parts of tannin and creosote 
at 80° C., then adding phosphorus oxychloride and continuii g the heat until no more 
gas is evolved. The mass is mixed with dilute sodium hydrate solution, wheieby 
creosal separates ; this is well washed and dried. Creosal is a hygroscopic, dark- 
brown powder, which is readily soluble in water, alcohol and glycerin. Creosal is 
recommended in powder form or aqueous solution in treatment of inflammation of 
the air passages. 
CREOSOL. C 6H3CH3 (OH) (O.CH3). 
Synonyms: Homo-Pyrocateehin-Metyl Ether; Homoguaiacol.' 
This occurs, along with guaiacol, as a constituent of beech-wood tar creosote. It 
is an oily-like liquid, of aromatic odor, boiling at 330° C. (428° P.), only slightly soluble 
in water. Recommended as an antiseptic. 
CREOSOTE-CALCIUM-CH LOR HYDRO-PHOSPHATE. 
A white, syrupy mass, consisting of a mixture of creosote carbonate and caleium- 
chlorhydro-phosphate. Recommended in phthisis and scrofula. Dose sto 10 grains. 
Creosote-calc.-chlorhyd.-phosp 5 to 10 Gm. 
Mucilag. chondri 15 “ 
01. Amyg. dulc 25 “ 
Syr. Tolutani 35 “ 
Aq. flor. aurant 75 “ 
M. f. emulsio. 
Dose two teaspoonfuls daily. 
CREOSOTE CARBONATE. See under Guaiacol. 
CREOSOTIC ACID. C 6H3 <OH3 
coon 
Synonyms; Cresotinio Acid; Oxytoluic Acid; Homosalicylic Acid. 
This may exist as an ortho, meta, or para modification, hence is frequently desig- 
nated in the plural, as creosotio acids. These bear the same relation to toluene (CgH5CH3) 
that salicylic acid bears to benzene (CeH6), being then hydroxytoluic acid. They are 
prepared from the sodium cresylates by a process (Kolbe’s) analogous to that used in 
the manufacture of salicylic acid. The para compound, which crystallizes in white 
needles melting at 151° C. (3U3,8°F.), is the only one that is employed in medicine, in 
the form of a sodium salt. 
CREOSOTOL. See under Guaiacol. 
CRESALOLS. C 6H4 (OH) C02C6H4.CH3. 
Synonyms; Cresol Salicylates; Cresol Salols. 
Ortho -, raeta-, and para-cresalol are the salicylic esters of the cresols, analogous to 
betol and salol, and prepared in a similar manner. A mixture of sodium salicylate 
and cresylate, in molecular proportions, is heated with phosphorus oxychloride; either 
ortho, meta, or para oresalol is obtained according to the sodium salt used. These 
three isomeric cresalols form bulky, white, crystalline powders, insoluble in water, 
soluble in alcohol and ether, and sparingly so in oils. The ortho-cresalol melts at 35° 
C. (95° F.), the xneta-cresalol at 74° C. (195.3° F.), and the para-cresalol at 39° C. 
(103.2° F.) 
Externally the cresalols are recommended as antiseptic dusting-powders, also in- 
ternally as a substitute for salol, being split up in the system into cresol and salicylic 
acid. 
CRESOL SALICYLATE. See Cresalols. 
CRESOL SALOLS. See Cresalols. 
CRESOL, or THE CRESOLS. C 6H4 <g£Hs (3)! 
Synonyms; Cresylio Acid; Meta-Cresol; Kresol; Meta-Phenol. 
The Cresols. of which three isomerides exist (ortho-meta-para) are homologues of 
phi hoi and derivatives of toluene. They are obtained by the fractional distillation of 
tha portion of coal-tar oil which comes over between 190°—310° C. The three isomer- 
ides are exceedingly difficult to separate; of these the meta-cresol is the most power- 
ful antiseptic. All the cresols possess a creosote-like odor, their antiseptic properties 
are superior to those of carbolic acid and they are far less poisonous. The only hin- 
drance to their general employment is their insolubility in water. During the past few 
years various soluble preparations introduced have again brought them into notice; in 
these, the cresol (o-m-p) is rendered soluble by the addition of soap (Sapocarbol. Lysol, 
Creolln, Phenolin, Sapocresol, etc.), or an alkali forming soluble cresylates (Solved. 
Solutol) or by conversion into soluble sulphonio acid derivatives (.Artmann's (Jreolin). 28 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
The following are preparations of Cresol which have been introduced as antiseptics 
in surgery. 
ANTINONN’IEi'S, a preparation of ortho-dinitro-cresol potassium, appearing in trade 
in the form of a soap. It is employed in a 1 part to 1000 solution for the destruction of 
insects and fungi. 
BENZOYL-PARA-CRESOL, (Para-Cresol Benzoate) C6H,COO C 6n4 (CH3), is pre- 
pared by the reaction of phosphorus oxychloride on a mixture of benzoic acid and para- 
cresol. It forms a crystalline compound which melts at 70° C. (158° F.), insoluble in 
water, readily soluble in alcohol and ether. It is used as an antiseptic. 
CREOLIN. This is said to be an emulsion of cresol obtained by means of resin soap. 
It consists of a brownish-black, syrupy liquid, which, when mixed with water, forms 
a more or less turbid mixture; with alcohol, ether or chloroform, it forms a clear 
solution. Creolin is employed in the pure condition, as a Ito 2% solution ;in oint- 
ments. dusting-powder or dressings, 10%; internally, it is administered in capsules 
containing 5 minims. 
CRESOL lODIDE. Very light, yellow powder, with disagreeable odor, readily 
soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform and oils, insoluble 1n water. Adheres to hands, 
instruments, etc., like resin. Antiseptic, allaying inflammation in nasal diseases. 
IZAL. According to Squibb, this consists of an emulsion containing about 30% of 
a new oil produced by a patent process employed in the manufacture of a special form 
of coke. It is claimed that its antiseptic power is greater than that of carbolic acid, 
while it is practically non-poisonous. 
KRESIN. This is a clear brown liquid containing 25% of cresol and 25% of cres-oxy- 
acetate. It is miscible in all proportions with water. 
LYSOL, The fraction of coal-tar oil which boils between 190° to 200° C.,is dissolv- 
ed in fat and subsequently saponified, with the addition of alcohol. It forms a clear 
brown syrupy liquid, containing 5"-% of the cresols ; it is miscible with water, forming 
a clear, saponaceous frothing liquid, With all other solvents it is miscible in all pro- 
tions. Experiments have shown lysol to be five times stronger than carbolic acid in 
antiseptic power. The strength of the solution employed is usually 0.3,1 or 2%. 
PARA CRESOL is a patented disinfectant, which is said to mix with water in every 
proportion, yielding a neutral and almost odorless solution. 
PJIENOSAL YL. This is a solution of carbolic, salicylic and benzoic acids, 
(which have been fused together), in lactic acid. It forms a thick syrupy liquid, which 
is soluble in cold water to the extent of 7%. readily in warm water, also in alcohol and 
ether. In antiseptic power it is superior to carbolic acid, being at the same time less 
toxic. It is employed in Ito 2% aqueous solutions. 
PIXOL and RESOL are solutions of wood tar in soap. 
SANATOL is a solution of crude cresol in sulphuric acid. 
SAPOGARBOL, KRESAPOL and PIIENOLIN are solutions of crude cresols in 
soap (potassium). 
SAPR OL is a dark brown, oily substance, consisting of a mixture of the crude 
cresols in an excess of hydrocarbons, obtained from the refining of petroleum. A 
drawback to its use is its inflammability, also that it does not mix with water. 
SOL TJTOL This is an alkaline solution of sodium cresol in an excess of cresol. It 
is not suited for surgical dressings or like uses, because of its caustic alkalinity. It is 
a valuable disinfectant for use in the household and hospital, effectually disinfecting 
water closets, sinks, cess-pools, etc. 
SOLVEOL is a solution of cresol in sodium cresotate; it forms a useful disinfectant 
analogous to Creolin, Lysol, Saprol and Solutol. It is less caustic than solutol, possess- 
ing the advantage over creolin and lysol of not exhibiting the greasiness characteristic 
of these. It is a dark colored liquid, nearly odorless, of a neutral reaction and miscible 
with water in all proportions. It ts especially applicable for surgical uses, a 
solution being employed in dressings and a one to twelve for spray apparatus, It is 
claimed that a solution is more active than a 2% solution of carbolic acid, 
TRICRESOL is a concentrated preparation of the three cresols (ortho,meta,para), 
free from all impurities. It forms a clear colorless liquid, of specific gravity 1,045, and 
soluble to the extent of 2%% in water. Al% solution of tricresol corresponds to a3% 
solution of carbolic acid, having therefore three times the disinfectant value of the 
latter. 
PREPARATIONS. 
CRESYLIC ACID. See Cresol, 
CROTON CHLORAL. See Butyl-Chloral-Hydrate. 
CROTON-CHLORAL-HYDRATE. See Butyl-Chloral-Hydrate. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
29 
CRYOSTASE. 
A mixture of equal parts of carbolic acid, camphor, saponin and traces of oil of 
turpentine. Becomes solid when heated, and liquid when cooled to below O°C. Recom- 
mended as an antiseptic. 
CRYSTALLOSE. 
A name applied to a very soluble crystalline sodium salt of pure saccharin. In 
consequence of the presence of crystal water, the sweetening power, compared with 
that of cane sugar, is reduced to 400 times the latter instead of 500 times, as is the case 
in the pure amorphous saccharin. 
CUBEBIC ACID. CaBH3„OT. 
A principle obtained from the oubeb by extraction with caustic alkalies and after- 
wards liberated on addition of an acid. Cubebic acid forms a waxy-liKe body, readily 
soluble in alcohol and ether, becoming brown on exposure to the air. According to 
Bernatzik it possesses the antiblennorrhagic properties of cubebs; dose 0.3 to 1 Gm. (4 
to 15 grains). 
CUMARIN. 
Synonym; Coumarin. 
The crystallizable, odorous constituent of the Tonca bean, also prepared synthetic- 
ally. It melts at 67° C. (152.6° p\). only slightly soluble in water, readily in alcohol and 
ether. Oumarin is employed for the purpose of masking the odor of medicinal agents 
such as iodoform, etc. 
CUPRATIN. 
A copper albuminoid preparation, analogous to Ferratin. 
CUPROH/EMOL. See under Hsemol. 
CURARINE. (CIBH3SN). 
This alkaloid, which belongs to the strychnos family, forms a yellow amorphous 
hygroscopic powder, soluble in water and alcohol. The pure alkaloid is given in doses 
of 0.25 to 0.7 milligrammes (1-250 to 1-90 grain) to relieve attacks of tetany. Hypoder- 
mically 1 Co. (16 M.) or less of a solution of 25 Ctg. (3% grains) of curarine, in 5 Gm. 
(I} 4 Ad. dr.) each of glycerin and distilled water. 
CUTAL. 
Synonym: Aluminum Boro-Tannico-Tartrate. 
Obtained by pouring a mixture of five parts of an aqueous tannin solution (1:4) 
and 80 parts of an aqueous borax solution (1:19) into a solution of 3 parts of alumi- 
num sulphate in 12 parts of water, stirring constantly. The resulting precipitate is 
filtered off. washed, spread on glass plates and dried at low temperature. This pre- 
paration is insoluble in water; hence, in order to render it soluble, 1 part of it is dis- 
solved in 10 parts of water by means of 1.2 parts of tartaric acid ; the solution evapo- 
rated to dryness at a low temperature yields a soluble aluminum boro-tannioo-tartrato 
oroutal. This is recommended as an astringent antiseptic, either in dry form or in 
aqueous solution. 
CUTIN. 
A name applied to a soft material which is intended as a substitute for silk or cat- 
gut, and which may also be employed to prevent gauze from adhering to wounds. It 
is prepared from the gut of cattle bu carefully removing the serous and mucous mem- 
branes from the muscular layer, ana) digesting the latter in a 2’ ;i solution of pepsin. 
It is then treated with trioxybenzoic acid and hydrogen peroxide, which harden the 
membrane Thus prepared cutin is very soft, adheres smoothly to the wound, is 
capable of being absorbed, and may be sterilized by dry heat. 
CYSTINE. CuHmNiO. 
An alkaloid obtained from the Cytisus laburnum. Forms an inodorous, deliquescent, 
white, crystalline mass, of bitter taste, readily soluble in alcohol and water, insoluble 
in ether; chiefly employed as a nitrate. _ Cystine,_ as regards its physiological action, 
stands between strychnia and curare, being used in paralytic migraine ; also in cardiac 
diseases • 
Dose 0.003 to 0.005 Gm. (1-21 to 1-12 grain). 
CYTISINE. CnH14N20. 
An alkaloid obtained from the Cytisus laburnum, which forms white deliquescent 
crystals, soluble in water and alcohol, melt at 155° 0. The hydroohlorate of cytisine is 
used as a nervine, given in paralytic migraine, whooping cough, asthma, in doses of 
0.003 to 0.005 6m. (1-20 to 1-12 grain) subcutaneously. 30 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
DAT URINE. See Hyoscyamine. 
DELPHININ, 
An alkaloid obtained from the seed of Delphinium staphisagria. Forms small crys- 
tals of a bitter taste, insoluble in water and soluble in alcohol and ether. Exerts a pow- 
erful action on the heart, like aoonitin; employed in treatment of spasmodic asthma, 
dropsical affections and neuralgia, in doses of 0.01 to 0.02 Gm. (16 to 1 3 grain). 
DERMATIN, 
A new skin protecting preparation used in dermatology and consisting of from 5 
to 7 parts of salicylic acid, 7 to 15 parts of starch, 25 to 50 parts of talc, 30 to 60 parts of 
si'icio acid, and 3 to 9 parts of kaolin, according to the strength desired. 
DERMATOL. CGH2(OH)3COOBi(OH)a. 
Synonyms; Subgallate of Bismuth; Basic Gallate of Bismuth. 
To a solution of 15 parts of crystallized bismuth trinitrate in 30 parts of glacial 
acetic acid diluted with about 200 parts of water, is added with constant stirring a 
warm solution of 5 parts of gallic acid in 250 parts of water. The yellow precipitate is 
washed until free from nitric acid, then dried on porous plates, or the following method 
may he employed: Take 57 2 Gm. of bismuth subnitrate (assaying 81.4$ of Bi2Os), dis- 
solve with the aid of heat in 71 Gm. of commercial nitric acid (sp. gr. 1 36), and dilute 
with 12 Gem. of water. After cooling this solution it is gradually diluted with 75 Ccm. 
of water, which does not cause precipitation. The solution is filtered and precipitated 
by pouring into it under constant stirring a solution consisting of 37.8 Gm. (theory 
requires 37.6 Gm.) of gallic acid in 800 Com. of water. The gallic acid is dissolved with 
the aid of heat, but the solution is cooled to about 30° C. before being used. The 
resulting precipitate is washed by decantation until the washings are but faintly acid. 
It is then collected on a filter and washed with the aid of suction until the washings 
no longer give a perceptible reaction with diphenylamin T. S. The subgallate is then 
dried at about 55° C. and sifted, when a soft, bright yellow powder results. It is 
entirely soluble in sodium hydroxide solution, and therefore free from subnitrate. 
When treated with diphenylamin T. S. according to Fischer’s method it does not give 
a reaction for nitric acid. Dermatol forms a bright yellow, inodorous and tasteless 
powder, insoluble in the usual solvents. It is an excellent dry antiseptic in all vari- 
eties of surgical practice. Internally in doses of 0.25 to 0.5 Gm. (4 to 8 grains) in treat- 
ment of diarrhoea. 
DERMOL. 
Synonym; Bismuth Chrysophanate. 
This is described by Trojescu as an amorphous yellow-colored powder, insoluble in 
all of the usual solvents, consisting of a mixture of chrysarobin and bismuth hydrox- 
ide. It is probably intended to be used as an antiseptic application in various skin dis- 
eases. 
DESOXY-ALIZARIN. See Anthrarobin. 
DEXTRO-SACCHARIN. 
This consists of a mixture of saccharin 1 part and glucose 2000 parts. 
DIABETIN. C 6H1206. 
Synonyms: Lmvulose ; Fruit Sugar, 
Fruit Sugar {Fructose) is found in most sweet fruits, together with an equal 
amount of grape sugar ; it is formed, together with grape sugar, in the so-called in- 
version or decomposition, of cane sugar by boiling with acids; the mixture of the two is 
called invert sugar. This diabetin is prepared from invert sugar by mixing the latter 
with calcium-hydroxide, the liquid lime compound of dextrose is removed and the 
residual solid is the lime compound of Isevulose; this latter calcium salt is decom- 
posed with carbonic acid, liberating the hevulose. This is a colorless, odorless, crys- 
talline powder, readily soluble in water and alcohol. Diabetin is recommended as a 
sweetening agent for diabetic patients. 
DIACETANILID. CGH0N (C2H302)2. 
The old method of preparation of this salt is by heating together phenyl mustard 
oil and acetic acid. It is now prepared by heating acetanilid with glacial acetic acid 
at 200° to 250° C. The reactions product is taken up by hot petroleum ether and crys- 
tallized, while the unaltered acetanilid remains behind undissolved. The physiological 
action of this compound is similar to, but stronger, than that of acetanilid. 
DIACETYL TANNIN. See Tannigen. 
DIAMINE. (N2H4) 
Synonym: Hydrazine. 
Occurs in colorless crystals, analogous to hydroxylamine hydrochloride. Powers 
ful reducing agent. A general poison to animal and vegetable life, destroying germs, 
bacteria, etc. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
31 
DIAPHTHERIN. See under Chinolin. 
DIAPHTHOL. See under Chinolin. 
DI-BROMO-GALLIC ACID. See Gallobromol. 
DI-CHLORAL-ANTIPYRINE. See under Antipyrine. 
DI-CHLORACETIC ACID. CHCl2COOH. 
This is obtained by the action of chlorine gas on glacial acetic acid. It forms a 
colorless, pungent fluid, of boiling-point 190° C. (374° F.). 
Is employed as a cauterizing agent. 
Dl-CHLOR-METHANE. See Methylene Chloride. 
DIETHYL ACETAL. See Acetal. 
Dl-ETHYL-SULPHON-DI-ETHYL-M ETHANE. See Tetronal. 
DI-ETHYL-SULPHON-Dl-METHYL-METHANE. See Sulphonal. 
DI-ETHYL-SULPHON-M ETHYL-ETHYL-METHANE. See Trional. 
DI-ETHYLENE-DIAMINE. See Piperazine. 
DIGITALEIN. (Schmiedeberg.) 
A glucosidal principle obtained from the leaves of the Digitalis purpurea. It con- 
stitutes a yellowish, amorphous powder which is soluble in water and alcohol. The 
properties and dose of this glucoside are similar to those of digitalin. 
DIGITALIN. (Digitalinum.) 
A glucoside obtained from the leaves of the Digital’s purpurea. 
DIGITALINUM CRTSTALLISATUM NATIVELLE. (French.) Forms fine 
crystalline needles, which are almost insoluble in water and soluble in alcohol. It has 
been recommended in treatment of inflammation of the lungs, and also feebleness of 
the heart’s action. Dose 0.00065 to 0.001 Gm. (1-100 to 1-61 grain.) 
DIGITALINUMYERUM KILIANI. (German.) (r’sHBo2)x. Occurs as a white amor- 
phous powder. soluble in 1000 parts of water and in 100 parts of dilute alcohol. It melts 
at 217° C. (422.6° P.). This digitalin “ verum ” exerts the characteristic effects of digitalis 
leaves (Bohm and Pfaff), being administered in doses of 0.00025 Gm. (1-300 grain). 
DIGITOXIN. C31H3207. 
According to Schmiedeberg, digitoxin is the most active of the several gluoosides 
which constitute commercial *’digitalin,” being essentially identical with “Nativelle’s 
digitalin.” Digitoxin forms white crystalline needles, which are insoluble in water, the 
dose being 0.00033 to 0.00065 6m. (1-200 to 1-100 grain). 
DI-HYDRO-RESORCIN. 
This is prepared by the action of sodium amalgam on a solution of resorcin in boiling 
water, carbonic acid gas being passed through the solution during the reaction. The 
unconverted resorcin is removed by shaking the solution with ether, then after acidu- 
lating, the solution is shaken a second time with ether, which extracts the dihydrores- 
orcin. which remains as a syrup-like liquid on the evaporation of the ether. It soon 
congeals to a solid mass on standing, which, by recrystaliization, yields glossy prisms, 
which melt at 104° to 106° C. (219.2° to 222.8° F.), very soluble in water, alcohol and 
chloroform, Di-hydro-resorcin is recommended as an antiseptic. 
DI-lODO-CARBAZOL. 
This is prepared by heating a solution of oarbazol to the boiling point and adding 
iodine. It occurs in yellow, odorless laminae, which melt at 184° C. (363.2° F.), insol- 
uble in water, but readily soluble in alcohol, chloroform, etc. Recommended as an 
antiseptic. 
DI-lODOFORM. CaTa. 
Synonym: Ethylene periodide. 
This is obtained by the action of iodine on a solution of acetylene iodide in carbon 
disulphide. It forms bright yellow, inodorous, crystalline needles, which are insoluble 
in water, sparingly soluble in alcohol, and readily so m chloroform - melting at 19- C. 
(377 6° F.). Diiodoform contains 95.5$ of iodine, and is recommended as a substitute tor 
iodoform. Exposure to light causes its decomposition, hence it should be Kept in a 
dark place. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
DI-lODO-SALICYLIC ACID. C 6H2I2(OH)COOH. 
This is obtained by the action of iodine and iodic acid on salicylic acid. It forms 
a white crystalline powder, of sweet taste, melting between 220° to 230° C. (438° to 
446° F.), almost insoluble in cold water, slightly soluble in hot water and very soluble 
in alcohol and ether. . 
It is employed as an analgesic and antipyretic; dose 1.5 to 4. Gm. (34 to 60 grams) 
per day. 
DI-lODO-SALOL, See under Salol. 
DIMETHYL-ACETAL. CEr3-CH(OCn3)2. 
Synom/m; M thyliden-D i-Methyl-Ether, 
This is obtained by the oxidation of a mixture of ethyl and methyl alcohols. It 
forms a colorless, ethereal liquid of sp. gr. 0.867, boiling at 64° C. (147.2° F.) Dimethyl- 
acetal is employed as an anassthetic, either alone or mixed with half its volume of chlo- 
roform. 
DI-METHYL-ETHYL-CARBINOL. See Amylene Hydrate. 
DI-METHYL-KETONE. See Acetone. 
Dl-METHYL-PIPERAZINE TARTRATE, See under Piperazine. 
DIO XY-A NTH RA NO L. See Anthrarobin. 
DIPHTHERIA ANTITOXINE. 
Behring’s curative serum is the blood-serum of animals immunized by the injection 
of the diphtheria toxine. 
All infectious diseases like diphtheria are produced by bacteria, which secrete 
very poisonous substances called “toxines” that eventually cause death. By the 
use of certain agents the action of these toxines may be counteracted, rendering the 
organism insensible to their poisonous effect. This insensibility or immunity may be 
acquired by a gradual habituation to a given poison. To Prof. Behring is due the 
credit of discovering that during this process of habituation an antitoxine is produced 
in the blood, which, when isolated and injected into the blood of a patient, effects a 
change in the susceptibility of the living organs to the action of the poison (toxines). 
The antitoxine is prepared as follows: A colony of diphtheria bacilli, after being 
placed in a suitable medium and under favorable conditions, multiply with great 
rapidity, secreting at the same time their poison or toxines. After a few weeks, 
when sufficient of the toxines has formed, the bacilli are destroyed by means of car- 
bolic acid and by filtering through porous plates of clay the dead bacilli are removed 
from the solution of toxines. Of this solution, small amounts are injected into the 
blood of a healthy horse, producing a mild attack of the disease; this procedure is 
then repeated for several months, the doses of toxine being steadily increased until 
the animal becomes habituated to the poison. Then a quantity of blood is with- 
drawn from the animal, and the serum or aqueous portion is separated from the red 
blood corpuscles; this serum constituting a light yellow liquid which contains the an- 
titoxine of diphtheria. This serum is standardized by determining the quantity re- 
quired for injection to neutralize a fatal dose of diphtheritic poison in a guinea pig; 
the ratio between the quantity of antitoxine and the body weight of the animal fur- 
nishes a means of indicating in definite units the strength of the solution. 
DIPHTHERIA-ANTITOXINE SOLUTION. 
BEHRING'S. No. 1 equals 600 immunizing units; No. 3,1,000; No. 3.1,500. Hyp. 
inj. one-fourth of a vial. No. las prophylactic, regular treatment full contents of 
eithei strength, according to case. In oz. vials, varying measure hut full unit value. 
GIBIER'S. (N. Y. Pasteur Institute.) Identical with Roux's. Immunizing power 
1:100,000 i. e., H com. prophylactic up to 110 lbs.; regular treatment 5 to 15 ccm. per 
day. 
ROUX'S. Same description as Gibier's. 
SCHERING-AR ONSON. This preparation is supplied in vials containing 5 Cc.. 
equivalent to 500 antitoxic normal units. The contents of a single vial are injected 
subcutaneously in mild oases, or at the onset of severer cases. The quantity contained 
in two vials (10 Cc.) may be used in cases that present very severe symptoms from the 
first, or in cases where this method of treatment has not from the first been carried 
out. 
In malignant cases, particularly where there are laryngeal symptoms, three or 
four doses may be used (15 to 20 Co.), depending on the age of the patient. For pur- 
poses of immunization the injection of I Co. for small children and 3 Cc. for grown 
children and adults will be found sufficient. This preparation is a very permanent 
one, being rendered so by the addition of if. Tricresol. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
33 
DIPHTHERICIDE. 
Pastilles containing thymol, sodium-benzoate and saccharin. Used as prophylactic 
against diphtheria. 
DISINFECTIN. 
This is made by treating 5 parts of “ masut ” (the residue of naphtha-distillation) 
with 1 part of concentrated sulphuric acid; the resulting sulphonated product is then 
treated with 5 parts of 10% soda solution. This forms a brown liquid which, when 
diluted with water, is used as a disinfectant. 
DISINFECTOL. 
A mixture of hydrocarbons and crude cresols rendered soluble by the addition of 
alkali. It is a dark-brown liquid which gives a milky-like solution with water. It is 
employed as a disinfectant diluted with water. 
DISPERMINE. See Piperazine. 
DITHION. See under Dithiosalicylio Acids. 
Dl-THIO-CHLOR-SALICYLIC-ACID. (S2C6H.CI.OH.COOH) 
Obtained by heating a mixture of 27.6 parts of salicylic acid and 55 parts of sul- 
phur chloride to 120° C., finally raising to 140° C. It forms a reddish-yellow powder 
which is recommended as an antiseptic. 
S-C6H3 (OH) COOH. 
DITHIOSALICYLIC ACIDS. I 
S-C6H3 (OH) COOH. 
Of these acids nine isomers are possible, but only two of them have been introduced 
in medicine in the form of sodium and lithium salts, being distinguished as No. 1 and 
No. 2. 
Salicylic acid and sulphuryl chloride, in molecular proportions, are heated together 
at 150° C., the resulting resinous like mass is dissolved in a solution of soda to which in 
turn a solution of sodium chloride is added, resulting in the precipitation of sodium 
dithiosalicylate No. 1, while the sodium salt No. 2 remains in solution. The acids are 
liberated from their corresponding sodium salts by the addition of hydrochloric acid. 
SOLIUM DITHIOSALIGYLATE No. 1. Forms a yellowish, amorphous, soluble 
powder, which is employed as an antiseptic in veterinary practice, either -as a wash (3 
to 5%) or mixed with talcum or starch (5 to 50%) as a dusting powder. 
SODIUM DITHIOSALICYLATE No. 2. Forms a gray, amorphous, hygroscopic 
and soluble powder, which is employed internally in treatment of muscular rheumat 
ism and rheumatic fever; in antiseptic activity it is superior to sodium salicylate. Dose 
is 0.2 to 1 Gm. (3 to 15 grains). 
DITHION. Is a mixture of the two sodium salts of dithiosalicylio acid. It is em- 
ployed as an antiseptic wash (5 to 10%) and dusting-powder in veterinary practice. 
THIOFORM. A basic bismuth salt of dithiosalicylio acid, introduced as a substi- 
tute for iodoform. It is prepared by adding a solution of sodium dithiosalicylate (1 or 
2) to a solution of bismuth trinitrate, the latter salt being first dissolved in a little glyc- 
erin before diluting with water. The resulting precipitate, after washing and drying, 
constitutes a voluminous, yellow, insoluble, inodorous powder. 
DI-THYMOL-lODIDE. See Aristol. 
DI-THYMOL-TRIIODIDE. See Annidalin. 
DIURETIN. C 7H7N402Na+C«H4 (OH) COONa. 
Synonym: Sodio-Theobromine Salicylate. 
The active constituent of this body is theobromine, an alkaloid which is closely 
related to caffeine. Diuretin is prepared by mixing aqueous solutions of sodio-theo- 
bromine and sodium salicylate, in molecular proportions, and evaporating to dryness. 
It constitutes a white amorphous powder, very soluble in water, decomposed by acid 
solutions. It is employed as a diuretic in doses of 0.5 to 1.5 Gm. (8 to 23 grains) for 
children, and 1.5 to 3 Gm. (23 to 45 grains) for adults. 
UTtOPHEEIN (Lithium-Diuretiri). Is analogous to diuretin, being the correspond- 
ing lithio-theobromine-salioylate. It is a white powder, soluble in 5 parts of water, 
being employed as a diuretic in doses of 1 Gm. (15.5 grains). 
DUBOISINE. Cl 7H23N03. 
This alkaloid, obtained from the leaves of Duboisia rnyoporoiciet, is, according to 
Ladenburg, chemically identical with hyoscin; according to others identical with hyos- 
cyamin. It is employed as a mydriatic, acting more rapidly and being less irritating 
than atropine; also employed as a hypnotic and sedative in treatment of hysteria and 
epilepsy. The sulphate occurs in hygroscopic crystals; being used in aqueous solution 
(0.065 Gm. to 30 Co.) for the eye. The dose of the alkaloid is 0.0008 to 0.003 Gm. (1-80 to 
1-30 grain). THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
D U LCIN. CO(NH2)NH. C 6H4OC2H6. 
Synonyms: Sucrol; Yalzin ; P-Phenetoloarbamid. 
By the action of para-phenetidin on phosgene, dissolved in toluol, phenetidin-car- 
bon-oxychloride is formed ; this product on treatment with ammonia yields dulcin. 
This sweetening agent forms colorless crystals, which melt at 173° 0 (343 4° F.) soluble 
in 800 parts of water at 15° C. (59° F.), and 55 parts of water at 100° C. (211° F.); it is 
soluble in 25 parts of alcohol, also in ether. Its sweetening power is about 200 times 
that of sugar. Dulcin is employed as a sweetening agent for the food of diabetics. 
eMbelic ACID. C 9H1402. 
A crystalline principle obtained from the fruit of the Embelia Bihfis. It forms 
orange crystalline scales, inodorous, tasteless, soluble in alcohol and water, melts at 
14(,° c. (284° F.) After neutralizing with ammonia and mixing with honey it is given 
in doses of 0.2 to 0.4 Gm. (3 to 6 grains.) For the expulsion of tape worm. 
EMOL. 
A kind of earth containing steatite with traces of lime and iron oxide, appearing 
as a soft, pink, impalpable powder. Recommended to be applied as a paste to remove 
epidermal masses, as well as horny epidermis in certain cases of eczema of the palm 
and sole. 
ENTEROL. 
A mixture of three isomeric creosols (pure) in the same proportions as they occur, 
as physiological products, in the intestinal tract. Enterol is recommended as an 
intestinal antiseptic. It possesses an unpleasant odor, and is usually administered in 
pills or capsules. A solution of 0.02 Gm. in 100 Gm. of water is administered in doses 
of Itos Gm (15 to 75 grains) per day. Usually administered with a laxative. 
EPHEDRINE. ClOH16ON. 
An alkaloid obtained from the leaves of the Ephedra vulgaris. The hydrochloride 
of this base, which forms colorless soluble crystals, is recommended as a mydriatic to 
replace homatropine. Instillation of lor 2 drops of a 10% solution into the eye pro- 
duces marked dilation of the pupil, which lasts from sto 20 hours; for daily applica- 
tion 2to 3 drops of al% solution is sufficient. 
ERGOTININE. (Tanret). 
This is a feeble basic principle obtained from ergot, of which, according to Tanret, it 
is the active principle. It occurs in colorless needles, which, on exposure to light, 
rapidly darken. According to Kobert, this principle, when pure, is inert. 
ERYTHROPHLEINE. 
This is an alkaloid obtained from the Sassy-bark (Enylhrophleum guineense). The 
hydrochloride of this base forms colorless crystals which are soluble in water. This 
alkaloid has been recommended as a local anaesthetic, internally as a cardiac stimulant. 
It greatly increases blood pressure, acting in a manner very similar to that of digitalis 
and of strophanthus. Subcutaneously, the lethal dose of erythrophleine hydrochlorate 
upon cats is about 0.C03 Gm. (1-20 grain), 0.01 Gm. (1-6 grain) killing them within 15 
minutes. It is intensely poisonous. 
ESERiDINE. CI6II23N303. 
This is one of the alkaloids which occur in the calabar bean, along with physos- 
tigmine (eserine). Eseridine forms colorless crystals, melting at 132° C. (269.5° F.) Its 
physiological action is similar to that of eserine, being, however, six times weaker in 
effect. It has been recommended as a purgative in veterinary practice. 
ETHOXY-CAFFEINE. Seounder Caffeine. 
ETHYL BROMIDE. CaHsßr. 
Synonyms: iSther bromatus; Brom-ethyl; Mono-brom-ethane. 
Ethyl bromide is obtained by the distillation of a mixture of ethyl-alcohol, sulphuric 
acid and potassium bromide. It forms a colorless, limpid, inflammable liquid, of a 
sweet chloroformic odor. It boils between 33* and 40° C. (100.4°—101° F.); its specific 
gravity lies between 1.445 and 1.450. It is not miscible with water, but freely with 
alcohol, ether, chloroform and the oils. 
This preparation should be cautiously preserved, for the action of light and air 
causes its decomposition into bromine and hydrobromic acid, which is evident by its 
brown color, acid reaction and pungent odor; in this condition it should not be 
dispensed. 
Ethyl bromide is employed as an anaesthetic in minor surgical operations. Nar- 
cosis is produced in from to 1 minute, but lasts only a few minutes, unless fresh 
quantities are administered. 
ETHYL CARBAMATE. See Urethane. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
ETHYL CHLORIDE. C 2HSCI. 
Synonyms; Chlor-ethyl; Mono-chlor-ethane; Chelen. 
Ethyl chloride is produced by the action of dry hydrochloric acid gas on absolute 
alcohol. At ordinary temperature it constitutes a gas, which is readily condensed to 
a liquid which boils at lU° C. (5U° F.) Because of the intense cold (about —3s° C.) pro • 
duced by its evaporation, it is employed as a local anaesthetic Tuis liquid appears in 
commerce in small hermetically sealed tubes, terminated by a capillary point. When 
used, the point of the capillary is broken off, and the tube held in the hand, the 
warmth of which is sufficient to expel the liquid through the small orifice in a stream; 
this is directed to the surface where it is desired to produce local anaesthesia. 
Because of its great Inflammability, operations should not be performed in the 
proximity of a gas flame. 
ETHYL lODIDE, C 2U5I 
Synonyms ; ASther lodatus; Ethyl lodide; Mono-iod-ethane. 
Ethyl iodide is prepared by the action of iodine on a well-cooled mixture of 
amorphous phosphorus and absolute alcohol. This forms a colorless liquid which boils 
at 71° C. (160° F.); its specific gravity being 1.97. 
Employed as an inhalation in treatment of bronchitis and dyspnoea. 
ETHYL KAIRIN. See Kairin. 
ETHYL NATRIUM. See under Sodium Salts. 
ETHYL PHENACETINE. See under Phenacetine. 
ETHYL URETHANE. See Urethane. 
ETHYLENE BROMIDE. C 2H4Br2, 
Synonyms-. AEthylenum Bromatum; Brom-ethylene. 
Ethylene bromide is prepared by passing ethylene gas through bromine. It forms 
a colorless, highly refractive liquid of chloroformio odor; its boiling point is 131.5° C. 
(369° F.) and specific gravity 2.170. It is insoluble in water, but miscible with alcohol 
and the fatty oils. 
This ethylene bromide should not be confused with ethyl bromide, as the former 
produces marked toxic effects when inhaled. 
Ethylene bromide is employed as an anti-epilepticuu, in doses of 0.1 to 0.3 Gm. 
(1.5 to 5 grains) or 6 to 12 minims, in form of an emulsion. 
ETHYLENE CHLORIDE. C 2H4C12. 
Synonyms; ASthylenum Chloratum; ASthylen Chlorid; Chloraethylene; 
Elayium Chloratum; Liquor Hollandicus. 
Ethylene chloride is produced by the action of chlorine on ethylene. This consists 
of a colorless ethereal liquid, of boiling point of 85° C. (.185° F.) and specific gravity of 
1,254. 
It is employed as local application to relieve rheumatic or neuralgic pains. 
ETHYLENE-DIAMINE TRICRESOL. 
A mixture of 10 parts each of ethylendiamin and tricresol, dissolved in 500 parts of 
distilled water. It appears as a clear, colorless liquid, becoming slightly yellow on ex- 
posure to the air. It has an alkaline reaction, and metallic instruments are not attacked 
by it when in dilute solution. 
ETHYLENE-IMINE. See Piperazine. 
ETHYLIDEN CHLORIDE. CH3 OH Cl2. 
Synonyms; AUthylidenum Chloratum; Chlorethyliden. 
Ethyliden chloride is prepared by the action of chlorine on ethyl chloride. It con- 
stitutes a colorless ethereal liquid, of an agreeable fruity odor, boiling point being 
57° C. (134.6° F.) and specific gravity 1.18. 
It is employed as an anaesthetic in minor operations, producing rapid narcosis of 
short duration. 
ETHYLIDEN-DI-ETHYL ETHER. See Acetal. 
ETHYLI DEN-DI-METHYL-ETHER. See Dimethylacetal. 
EUCALYPTEOL. 
This antiseptic is obtained by the treatment of eucalyptus oil with hydrochloric 
acid, producing eucalyptene bichloride, in colorless, scaly crystals, with an odor re- 
sembling camphor, and almost tasteless. It is insoluble in water, soluble in ether, 
chloroform and alcohol, being decomposed by the latter. The dose for adults in cap- 
sules is X to 1.6 Gm- (15 to 24 grains). THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
EUCALYPTOL. ClOH180. 
Synonyms; Cineo., Cajeputol 
Eucalyptolis an oxygenated body obtained from the volatile oil of various species 
of Eucalyptus. It is identical with cajeputol of oil of cajeput. and cineol of oil of worm- 
seed. Eucalyptol forms a colorless liquid of camphdraceous odor, boiling at 176° C. 
(348.8° F.); sp. gr. 0.930. It is insoluble in water, but miscible with alcohol, ether and the 
fatty oils. Eucalyptol, being the active constituent of oil of eucalyptus, is employed 
in all cases where the latter is applicable, that is as an antiseptic, rubefacient, etc.; it is 
an effective agent in lung and bronchial affections, being introduced as a spray and in- 
halation. Its internal dose is 5 drops in capsule or as emulsion. 
EUCALYPTO-RESORCIN. 
This compound is obtained by warming together molecular quantities of eucalyp- 
tol and resorcin; the resulting product is reorystallized from alcohol. It forms a 
white crystalline powder, which is soluble in alcohol and ether; insoluble in water. 
Euoalypto-resorcin is an antiseptic, employed for inhalation (in alcoholic solution) in 
treatment of phthisis. 
EUDOXIN. 
Synonym; Tetra-iod-phenolphtalein bismuth. 
A bismuth salt of nosophen (tetraiodphenolphtalein). containing 53.9# of iodine and 
14.5# of bismuth. It is said to be useful in stomachic and intestinal troubles in doses 
of 03 to 0.5 Gm. (3 to 8 grains) for adults; 0.1 to 0.3 Gm, (1% to 3 grains) for’ children 
of 5 to 10 years old, and for infants in doses up to 0.1 Gm. 
EUGENOL. €6H3.(C3Hb) (O.CII3) (OH). 
This is a phenol, which occurs in various volatile oils, particularly those of cloves 
(80 to 9050. allspice, cinnamon, sassafras and bay. Oil of clove is treated with an ex 
cess of liquor sod®, then shaken with ether to remove the terpenes. the aqueous solu- 
tion of sodium eugenol is then decomposed by the addition of acid, and the eugenol 
separates as an oily fluid. It is an aromatic, colorless, oily liquid, which boils at346°o. 
(474.8° F.); when exposed to the air it rapidly turns brown. Readily soluble in alcohol,' 
almost insoluble in water; it unites with alkalies, forming soluble salts. Eugenol is a 
powerful antiseptic, being employed in dental surgery. It has also been recommended 
in treatment of tuberculosis in doses of 1 to 3 Gm. (15 to 30 grains). 
BENZOTL-EUGENOL. Is prepared by the action of benzoyl chloride on eugen- 
ol-sodium. occurs in colorless, inodorous crystals, which melt at 70.5° C. (159° P.); 
insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol, ether and chloroform. This compound is recom- 
mended in place of Euge..ol. 
(JIN'S'AM YL-EUGENOL. Is prepared by interaction between cinnamyl-chloride 
and eugenol sodium; it forms inodorous, colorless crystalline needles, which melt at 
90° to 91° C. (19t° to 195,8° P.); insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol, ether and 
chloroform. This compound is likewise recommended for administering in place of 
Eugenol. 
EUGENOL-A GET AMID. Is prepared by the interaction between eugenol-sodium 
and monochloracetic acid, the resulting eugenol acetic acid is converted into the amide 
by heating with ammonia. From water it crystallizes in shining plates, from alcohol 
in fine needles, which melt at 110° C. (230° P.). It is recommended as a local anaes- 
thetic, likewise as an antiseptic in treatment of wounds. 
lODO-EUGENOL. Is obtained by the action of iodine on eugenol sodium. It 
forms a yellowish-colored, inodorous, insoluble powder, which melts at 150° C. (303° F.). 
lodo-Eugenol is employed as an antiseptic. 
EUGENOL-BENZOATE. See under Eugenol. 
EUGENOL-CINNAMATE. See under Eugenol. 
EULYPTOL. See Uiyptol. 
EUONYMIN. 
A gluooside obtained from the bark of the root of the Wahoo (Euonymus atropur- 
pureus). It forms a brownish-colored powder of very bitter taste, slightly soluble in 
water and soluble in alchol and ether. Its properties are purgative. Dose 0.03 to 0.3 
Gm. (t<a to 3 grains). 
EUPHORIN. C 6C3H5. 
Synonym: Phenyl-Urethane. 
The esters of carbamio acid CO are called Urethanes, euphoria being a 
phenyl-ester. It is obtained by the interaction between aniline and mono-chlorofor- 
mlc ethyl-ester, forming a colorless crystalline powder, melting at 49° to 50° C. (130.2° to THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
37 
132° F 1 slightly soluble in cold, more readily in hot water; soluble in alc>h 1 ether and 
hvdroaicofiolic mixtures. Euphorin is employed as an antipyretic, antirheumatie ana 
analgesic, in doses of 0.13 to 0.5 Gm. (2 to 8 grains); as an antiseptic it is used in the 
form of a dusting-powder in the treatment of ulcers, skin diseases, etc. 
EUROPH EN. C 4H9(OCH3)C6H3-C6H2.C4H9(CH3)01. 
Synonym; Isobutyl-Ortho-Cresol-lodide. 
The method of preparation is analogous to that employed in the manufacture of 
aristol, in which a solution of isobutvl-ortho-cresol in dilute alkali is precipitated by a 
solution of iodine in potassium iodide. Europhen forms a yellowish, amorphous pow- 
der of aromatic odor, insoluble in water; easily soluble in alcohol, ether ana tno 
fatty oils. It yields iodine to metallic salts. It should be preserved in a dry place, 
away from the action of light; water and alkalies decompose it. Europhen is em- 
ployed as an antiseptic, being applied either as a dusting-powder or as a 5 to 10% omt- 
ment; for subcutaneous injection a3to 5$ solution in olive oil is used. 
EXALGINE. C 6nSN(CH3).(CH3CO). 
Synonym : Methyl-Acetanilide. 
This compound, a methylated acetanilide, is prepared by the interaction between 
acetyl-chloride and raonomethyl-aniline. It forms acumiar needles, wnich are diffi- 
cultly soluble in cold water and readily in alcohol and diluted alcohol, melting at 100° 
C. (312° F.) Exalgine is an antineuralgic, being given in doses of 0.065 to 0.3 Gm. (1 to 3 
grains.) 
EXTRACTUM LACTiS. 
An extract containing the inorganic constituents of milk (in nuclein-like combina- 
tion), free from milk sugar, casein and albumin, especially adapted as a means of ad- 
ministering calcium. One kilo of this “extract” represents 2000 liters milk. 
FAREOL. 
A proprietary anodyne and antipyretic. 
FELLITIN. 
The trade name given by a German manufacturer to a preparation made from ox 
gall for use in frost bite. Its use is based on the popu'ar application of fresh ox gall 
to this purpose in Ireland, Russia and certain parts of Germany. 
FERCREMOL. 
A compound of haemoglobin and iron, containing 3# of iron. It forms a brown, 
tasteless pow'der, which dissolves in weak ammoniated water. The dose is 0.2 to 0.52 
Gm. (3 to 8 grains) three times a day. 
FERRATIN. 
Natural ferratin, a compound of iron found in the liver. May be obtained by ex- 
tracting the liver of the hog with water; artificially by a patented process. One hun- 
dred grammes of egg albumen are placed in a mixture of 21 Oc. of water and 70 Cc. of 
solution of caustic soda (h'#). Twenty grammes of tartrate of iron are dissolved in 
water, and. if acid, as it generally is, it is neutralized with sodium carbonate. The 
two solutions are mixed and left for five or six hours, and then transferred to the 
water bath. The black coloration, due to the formation of sulphide of iron, will dis- 
appear towards the end of the process. After cooling, tartaric acid is added to faint 
acidity. The precipitate formed is dissolved by the addition of a little ammonia, and 
excess of this is driven off by exposure to the water bath. It is then filtered, and when 
the filtrate is cold the ferratin is precipitated by a solution of tartaric acid, which 
should only be added in just sufficient quantity. It is filtered off, washed with water, 
alcohol and ether, and dried. Ferratin forms a reddish-brown, inodorous and taste- 
less powder, insoluble in water or dilute acids, but soluble in water, possessing a slight 
alkaline reaction. The preparation contains about 7# of iron. The commercial article 
appears in two .forms, one being insoluble, as described above, and the other a soluble 
sodium compound. Ferratin is readily absorbed in the organism without causing the 
slightest digestive disturbances. Dose, 0.5 Gm. (8 grains); children half this dose. 
FERRO-HEMOL. See Hasmol. 
FERROPYRIN. (CuHI2N2O)3Fe2CI6. 
. A compound of three molecules of antipyrin and one molecule of ferric chloride. 
This compound possesses the combined valuable properties of both its constituents, 
hence may be employed in the treatment of anaemia, neuralgia, etc. Ferropyrin ap- 
pears as an impalpable, orange-red colored powder, containing 64# of antipyrin, 12# of 
iron, and 21# of chlorine. Soluble in 5 parts of water at 15° C., and only 9 parts at 
100° C., hence on boiling a cold saturated solution ferropyrin separates, and in the form 
of ruby-red scales, which melt between 22,° and 225° C. Very soluble in cold methyl- 
alcohol, from which it separates in orange-red shining scales; also very soluble in 
alcohol and insoluble in ether. The addition of alkalies or alkali bicarbonates to its 
aqueous solution causes the precipitation of ferric hydrate. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
FERROSINE. 
A preparation said to contain iron oxide, 70 to 75#; lime and albumen, 10 tc 2"#, 
and water, etc., 10 to 15#. It occurs either as a granular or fine red powder, which is 
used as a pigment. 
FERRUM ALBUMINATUM. See Iron Albuninate. 
FERRUM CASEINATUM. 
Synonym: Ferrum Kucleoalbuminatum. 
Recommended as a substitute for Ferrum albuminatum, and contains 5.2# ferrous 
oxide. It is prepared by precipitating a solution of iron lactate with a solution of cal- 
cium caseinate. Skimmed milk is diluted with water and the casein precipitated by 
the addition of acetic acid (avoiding excess). This is collected and repeatedly washed 
with warm water, finally with alcohol followed by ether. One part of this purified 
casein is rubbed with one part of calcium carbonate and 10(1 parts of warm water; the 
resulting solution of calcium caseinate is filtered and treated with a slight excess of a 
freshly prepared 1# solution of ferrous lactate. The resulting precipitate of i ron casein- 
ate is at first colorless, but on drying turns a flesh color. It is devoid of odor and 
taste, and is soluble in water only when made alkaline with sodium carbonate. 
FERRUM OXYDATUM SACCHARATUM SOLUBILE. See Iron Saccharated 
[Oxide. 
FERRUM PEPTONATUM. See Iron Peptonate. 
FILICIC ACID. (Amorphous). CsbH^Ojs. 
An amorphous principle obtained from the rhizome of the Male Fern (Aspidium 
filix-mas). This forms a tasteless white powder, which is soluble in alcohol and the 
fatty oils, melts at 135° C. (357° F.) The anthelmintic properties of male fern extract 
are ascribed to this principle, which is given in doses of 0.5 to 1 (iia. (8 to 15 grains). 
If absorbed into the system, amorphous filicic acid is toxic, hence it should not be ad- 
ministered with the fatty oils. The crystalline filicic acid is absolutely inert. (Poul- 
sen). 
FLUORESCEIN, or (Resorcin-Phtalein). C2OH12Os.H20. 
Phtalio acid anhydride (75 p.) is fused with resorcin (100 p.), the mass well washed 
with hot water and crystallized from alcohol. Fluorescein forms a yellowish-red, 
crystalline 'powder, insoluble in water,, uniting with alkalies to form soluble salts. A 
2$ alkaline (Na HC03) solution is employed in diagnosis of cornea1 lesions, and detec- 
tion of minute foreign bodies imbedded in that tissue. Those portions of the cornea 
which are devoid of their epithelium are colored green, while foreign bodies are sur- 
rounded by a green ring. (Straub.) 
FLUOROL. 
A sodium fluoride which is recommended as an antiseptic of equal value to sub- 
limate, potassium permanganate and formaldehyde. It possesses the advantage of 
not coagulating albumen. Injections of a 1 to 210 solution of fluorol are neither pain - 
ful nor caustic, and they produce no irritation whatever when applied to the mucous 
membranes, while they render the latter unfit for the propagation of micro-organisms. 
FORMALIN. n.COH+a;H2O. 
Synonyms: F rmic Aldehyde ; Formol. 
This is a concentrated (40#) aqueous solution of formic aldehyde, the latter being 
obtained by passing the vapors of methyl alcohol over g'owing coke or platinum spir- 
als. This solution possesses a pungent odor and neutral reaction, its sp. gr. being from 
1.080 to 1.088. Formic aldehyde is a most powerful antiseptic, its solution and vapors 
being devoid of any deleterious effect upon tissues or objects; alto 2% solution is suf- 
ficiently strong for all purposes. Incompatible with NH3, bisulphites; also reduces 
alkali silver and copper salts. 
FORMAN ILI DE. C*HSNH.COH. 
This is obtained by digesting aniline with formic acid, or by rapidly heating it with 
oxalic acid. It forms colorless prismatic needles, melting at 46° C. (115° F.), readily 
soluble in water, alcohol, glycerin and the oils. Formanilide is employed as an anti- 
pyretic and analgesic in doses of about 0.13 to 0.3 ftm. (3 to 5 grains). When applied to 
the mucous membrane in powder form, or used in the form of a subcutaneous injection 
(1 Cc. of a3# solution), it acts as a local anaesthetic. 
FORMIC ALDEHYDE. See Formalin. 
FORMOL. See Formalin. 
FORMYL CHLORIDE. See Chloroform. 
FORMYL-PHENACETINE. See under Phenacetine. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
39 
FORM YLPI PERI DIN. 
When piperidin is heated to 103° C. in an autoclave, with its own weight of an 
alkali, there results formylpiperidin and chloroform. The former is an oily liquid 
which possesses an agreeable, aromatic odor. It boils at 220° to 221° C. (42b° to 432° F.), 
andTias its melting point (as a platinum salt) at 174° to 172° C. (339.b° to 311.6° F.) It is 
soluble in water and in alcohol. On conducting hydrochloric acid gas through a solu- 
tion of formylpiperidin in absolute ether, hygroscopic crystalline needles having the 
structure CSHaoN.COII.HCI are produced. 
FORMYL TRIBROMIDE. See Bromoform. 
FORMYL TRIIODIDE. Seelodoform. 
FOSSILIN. 
A name given to a petroleum product similar to petrolatum, vaselin, etc. 
FRAXININ. 
Synonym; Mannite. 
FRUIT-SUGAR. SeeDiabetin. 
GADUOL. 
Synonyms; Alcoholic Extract of Cod Liver Oil; Morrhuol. 
Brownish-yellow, oily liquid, bitter, acrid taste. Same uses as cod liver oil. Dose. 
5 to 16 min. in capsules. 
GALLABROMOL. See Gallobromol. 
GALLACETOPHENONE. CH3-COC6H2(OH)3. 
arin~TellOW ! ; Tri-oxy- 
This derivative of pyrogallol is known commerciallv under the name of “abVarinP- 
prepared by interaction between pyrogallol, acetic-acid and zinc chloride 
1111106110 aS a SUbStitute for Which frequently 
GALLANOL. C 6HSNn.CO.C6H3(OH)3. 
Synonyms; Gallic Acid Anilide; Gallinol. 
lineThl t an m°f e,fc is obtained by boiling tannin with ani- 
line. It is a colorless crystalline solid, with bitter taste, soluble in water, alcohol and 
mvarked astringent properties. _ Gallanol is employed in skin diseases 
in place of chrysophanio acid and pyrogallol, being less irritating and without poison- 
?™TPertlnS' Jhe stre^th the .ointment varies from 3to in some instances it 
is used as a dusting-powder when mixed with French chalk. 
GALLIC ACID ANILIDE. See Gallanol. 
GALLICIN. Celia <coosh3 
A methyl ether of gallic acid, prepared by passing dry hydrochloric acid gas through 
a solution of gallic or tannic acid in methvl alcohol. Occurs either in rhombic prisms 
or fine needles which melt at 200° C.. readily soluble in water and alcohol. Recom- 
mended as a non toxic, antiseptic dusting powder. 
GALLINOL. See Gallanol. 
GALLOBROMOL. C6Br2(OH)3COOH. 
Synonyms; Di-bromo-gallic acid ; Gallabromol. 
This compound, obtained by the action of bromine on gallic acid, occurs in fine 
white needles, almost insoluble in cold, but readily soluble in hot water, also in al- 
cohol and ether. It is used in neurasthenia and similar complaints as a sedative in 
place of the alkaline bromides, the dose being Ito 10 Gm. (13 to 130 grains.) Also em- 
ployed in cystitis and epididymitis (by irrigation with 3 to 4% solutions), and in eczema 
madidum and crustosum (1 to ‘l% solutions, powders or ointments). 
1J Gallobromol 3 Gm. 
Dist. water 200 “ 
For injection 4to 5 times a day (in gonorrhoea, cystitis and epididymitis, and as a 
lotion in eczema) 
GELATOL. 
Ah ointment base composed of a mixture of oil, glycerin, gelatin and water. 40 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
GLACIALIN. 
A mixture of borax, boric acid and sugar. 
G LO N OIN. Nitroglycerin (see U. S. P.). 
GLUCIN. 
The sodium salt of amido-triacin-sulphonio acid, obtained by the action of alde- 
hydes upon chrysoidine and conversion of the condensation products into their mono 
and disulphonio acids. As regards sweetening power, glucin is inferior to saccharin, 
being about 100 times sweeter than cane sugar. 
GLUCUSIMIDE. See Saccharin. 
GLUSIDE. See Saccharin. 
GLYCERIN-PHOSPHORIC ACID. 
This compound, a glycerin ester of phosphoric acid, is prepared by interaction of 
phosphoric acid and glycerin in the presence of dehydrating agents. It is a yellowish 
inodorous, oily liquid, of acid taste, soluble in water and alcohol; its calcium salt be- 
ing chiefly employed. Used subcutaneously in doses of about 0.25 6m. (3.8 grains) to 
increase the amount of phosphorus in the organism of neurasthenics and those afflic- 
ted with nervous disorders. The potassium, sodium and calcium salts are employed 
in convalescence from influenza and other infectious diseases, as also in nervous 
asthenia of various origin. The sodium salt is administered hypodermically in daily 
doses of 0.30 to 0,25 Gm. (3 to 4 grains.) 
GLYCOLIN E. 
A purified petroleum oil, for use in atomizers. 
GLYCOZONE. 
A thick, syrupy liquid, which is made by saturating glycerin with ozone. It is ad- 
ministered in teaspoonful doses, diluted with water, in treatment of dyspepsia, etc. 
GLYMOL. 
A proprietary preparation, claimed to be a liquid hydrocarbon, of neutral reaction, 
obtained from crude petroleum; specific gravity, .Bfis, at 60° E. Employed in nasal and 
bronchial diseases, gynecological practice, etc. 
GOLD MONOBROMIDE. 
Yellowish-gray, very friable mass, insoluble in water. Antiepileptic, antisyphilitic . 
Dose, 1-8 to 1-5 grain. Anodyne (migraine, etc.), 1-20 grain twice daily before meals. 
GOLD TRIBROMIDE. 
Soluble in water. Therapeutics and dose same as mono-bromide. 
GUAIACOL. CGn4(00n3) (O H) (1:3), 
Synonyms; Methyl-Pyro-Catechol: Methyl-Pyrocatechin. 
Beechwood tar creosote,which consists of a mixture of guaiacol, cresols and creosol, 
is fractionated, collecting that portion which comes over between 200° and 205° C.; this 
product on treatment with alcoholic potassium-hydrate, yields potassium-guaiacol. 
which, when decomposed with dilute acids, liberates guaiacol. When pure, guaiacol 
forms a crystalline solid, which melts at 38.5° C. (83.3° P.), and boils at 205.1° C. (401.1° P.); 
purified liquid creosote is a colorless refractive liquid, of agreeable aromatic odor, 
having a specific gravity of about 1.143; soluble in 85 parts of water, readily in all 
proportions in alcohol and ether. Commercial guaiacol (generally of synthetic origin), 
does not contain more than 90% of pure guaiacol. its gravity is lower and color darkens 
on exposure to air. Guaiacol is a valuable remedy in phthisis, being given in doses of 1 
to 3 minims, which may be increased to 20 minims or more. It readily combines with 
acid radicals forming crystalline compounds, among which are : 
CREOSOTE CARBONATE (Creosotol). This compound is analogous to guaiacol 
carbonate, but is prepared directly from beech-wood creosote, instead of guaiacol. It 
forms a thick, brownish, inodorous oil, insoluble in water. Creosotol is preferred to 
creosote for internal administration since it is readily absorbed and free from all dis- 
turbing symptoms which accompany creosote itself. Dose is 3to 15 minims. 
GUAIACOL BENZOATE. See Benzosol. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
41 
GUAIACOLBINIODIDE. Is prepared by precipitating an aqueous solution of 
sodium guaiacol with a solution of iodine in potassium iodide. It forms a reddish- 
brown powder, possessing an odor of iodine, soluble in alcohol and the fatty oils 
Nothing definite is known as to its dose. 
GUAIACOL CARBONATE. [CO3(GsH4OCn3y. Thedi-guaiacol ester of carbonic 
acid, is formed by the action of phosgene gas on guaiacol sodium. This forms an in- 
odorous, neutral, crystalline powder, (containing 91.5# of guaiacol), insoluble in water, 
slightly so in alcohol, glycerin and the oils; melts at 65° C. (149° F.). The irritation 
produced by guaiacol, as well as creosote, has added to the popularity of this salt, 
which does not disturb the digestive functions, for, being insoluble, it passes 
unchanged through the stomach into the intestines, where it is split up. The dose is 
0.3 to 0.5 Gm. (5 to 8 grains), gradually increasing to 5 Gm. (75 grains) daily. 
GUAIA COL CARBONIC A CID (CeH3 (OH) (OCH3) COOH+3H2O. Is prepared 
by passing carbonic-acid over sodium-guaiacol heated to 100° C. (212° F.), the resulting 
product on treatment with acids yields the free acid. This forms a white, crystalline, 
inodorous powder of bitter taste; slightly soluble in water, readily in alcohol and ether, 
melting at 150° C. (303° F.). Guaiacol carbonic acid and its alkali salts have been recom- 
mended as antiseptics and antirheumatics. This compound should not be confused 
with Guaiacol Carbonate. 
GUAIACOL CINNAMATEov STYRACOL. ls the 
cinnamic ester of guaiacol. It is prepared bv warming a mixture of guaiacol and cin- 
namyl chloride in molecular proportions. This compound forms colorless needles which 
melt at 130° C. (266° F.), insoluble in water, readily soluble in alcohol. Styracol is em- 
ployed in catarrhal affections of the digestive organs, also in the treatment of, phthisis. 
GUAIACOL SALICYLATE or GUAIACOL-SALOL. C 6H4 (OH) COO-CflH4- 
(OCH3). A compound analogous to salol, is prepared by the action of phosphorus oxy- 
chloride on a mixture of guaiacol sodium and sodium salicylate. It forms a white, in- 
odorous. tasteless, crystalline powder, melting at 65° O. (149° F.), almost insoluble in 
water, soluble in alcohol and ether. It is administered to phthisical patients to aid 
digestion, also as an intestinal antiseptic in doses of 1 Gm. (15 grains). 
GUAIACOL PHOSPHATE. PO (C6H4 O CH30)3. This salt is prepared by H. Du- 
bois by making a solution of guaiacol in soda lye, cooling, and then adding phosphorus 
oxychloride, drop by drop, in somewhat more than the theoretical quantity. After 
standing five or six hours an oily layer of the phosphate collects on the bottom of the 
vessel, which soon crystallizes, and is then purified by repeated washing with alcohol. 
It crystallizes in hard colorless tables, melting at 98° C. It is insoluble in water, alcohol 
and petroleum ether, and easily soluble in chloroform and acetone. 
GUAIA COL SUCCINA TE. This new ester of guaiacol may be prepared either by 
treating a mixture of guaiacol and succinic acid with a definite quantity of phosphorus 
oxychloride, or, preferably, by treating an aqueous soda solution of guaiacol, cooling it 
the while with succinyl chloride. It has the formula C4H404(C8H40CH3)3. It crystal- 
lizes in fine needles with a silken luster, melting at 136° C. It is Insoluble in water, 
slightly soluble in ether and alcohol, and readily so in chloroform. 
OLEO-CREOSOTE, the oleic ester of creosote, prepared by combining creosote 
with oleic acid by means of phosphorus trichloride. This is a yellow, oily liquid (35# 
creosote), insoluble in water and nearly so in alcohol, soluble in ether and in oils. 
It is used as an antiphthisio in doses of 15 to 16 minims. 
GUARANIN. See Caffeine. 
GYMNEMIC ACID. C 3H56012. 
The active principle prepared from the leaves of Gymnema silvestre. 
It forms a greenish white powder, of an acid astringent taste, sparingly soluble in 
water, easily in alcohol. It produces a temporary ageusia to sweet and bitter tastes. 
Before partaking of bitter medicines, the mouth is rinsed out with a 13 per cent hydro- 
alcoholic solution. 
GYNOCARDIC ACID. 
The active principle from the oil of the seeds of Gynocardia odorata. It forms a 
yellowish, unctuous solid, melting at about 30° C. (86° F.); it has a burning and acrid 
taste, and marked odor. Used internally and externally in treatment of leprosy and 
syphilis, and of gouty and rheumatic affections. Dose, to 3 grains; externally, as 
liniment with oil (1: 10 to 20). 
GYNOCYANAURID2ARIN. 
A principle (crystalline) obtained from the Gyvocardia lancAfollata. It forms un- 
stable crystals, insoluble in the usual solvents, soluble 1 in 5000 in olive oil, the solu- 
bility being increased to linBo by the addition of cinnamic alcohol. This solution, 
which contains 0.00001 Gm. (1-6500 grain) to the minim, is recommended in doses of 3 to 
20 minims in various forms of tubercular affections. 42 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
HEMALBUMIN. 
A predigested iron albuminate, one gramme containing all the constituents which 
are found in 6 grammes of fresh healthy blood, with exception of fibrin and such 
products as urea, kreatinin, etc. Also 1 Gm. of Haamalbumin, aside from the readiness 
with which it is absorbed, is equal to 25 Gm. of Liquor Ferri Albuminati. For infants, 
one gramme dissolved in hot water, with sufficient sugar, is used. For adults the 
same quantity may be given in dry powder form several times daily. 
HEMATOGEN. 
A yellowish powder, containing 1% of iron, or a liquid obtained by adding ferric 
citrate and acetic acid to an alkaline solution of albumen. This is employed in treat- 
ment of rachitis and scrofulous conditions, also as a tonic for ansemios. Dose of the 
liquid is 1 to 4 teaspoonfuls, according to age. 
HEMOGALLOL. 
A ferruginous blood preparation, obtained by oxidizing the haemoglobin of the 
blood (defibrinated blood) by the action of pyrogallol, thus furnishing a compound 
which is easily assimilated and supplies those constituents of the blood which are 
found lacking in chlorosis and anaemia. It forms a red-brown powder, insoluble and 
tasteless, being given in doses of 0.2 to 0.5 Gm. (3 to 8 grains). 
HEMOGLOBIN. 
The red coloring matter of the solid principles of the blood. It forms a red powder 
soluble in water and used in treatment of anaemia and chlorosis in daily doses of 5 to 10 
Gm. (75 to 150 grains), taken usually in wine. 
HEMOL (FERRO). 
A preparation closely allied to hasmogallol, being obtained in the same manner, 
except that zinc-dust is employed as reducing agent. This a dark brown insoluble 
powder, administered as a tonic in doses of 0.1 to 0.5 Gm. (IJsj to 8 grains). 
B ROMIT AIM 0 L or BROMATED 11/ EM OL, contains 2.7 per cent of bromine. 
Recommended in epilepsy. 
CUPROUAEMOL or COPPER lIJEMOL, a dark brown powder, containing 2 per 
cent, of copper in non irrigating form, and therefore an eligible succadaneum for the 
older copper compounds in tuberculosis, scrophuiosis, etc. Dose is 0.10 to 0.15 Gm. 
to 2 grains), three times daily in pill form. 
IOBOHAEMOL contains 16.6 per cent, of iodine. 
MER CUR 0101) 0 IT/EM oLis a brownish-red powder, containing 12.35 per cent of 
metallic mercury and 28.68 per cent, of iodine. Antisyphilitio in doses of 0.08 Gm. (1)4 
grains), 6 to 10 times daily. 
ZINCOHAEMOL is a brown, almost insoluble powder, containing 1 per cent, of 
zinc. Recommended as a mild antidiarrhoeie in doses of 0.5 Gm. (8 grains), three times 
daily. 
H ELCOSOL- See Bismuth Pyrogallate. 
HELEN IN. C 6H80, SeeAlantol. 
A stearoptene obtained from the root of Inula Helenium (Elecampane Root) by 
exhaustion with alcohol and precipitating the resulting extract by pouring into 
water. It forms white, aeicular crystals, which melt at 110° C. (23u° P.), insoluble in 
water, readily soluble in hot alcohol, also in ether and the oils. Helenin is employed 
in treatment of whooping cough, bronchitis and tubercular coughs in doses of 0,01 Gm. 
(1-6 grain) 
HELIOTROPIN. See Piperonal. 
HEMATIN-ALBUMIN. 
A preparation of blood, consisting principally of dried albumins, holding a large 
amount of iron. It is a dark-brown powder, odorless and almost tasteless. One pound 
of hematin albumin is said to contain the albumins of about 6 pounds of blood. Dose 
for adults is 1 to 2 teaspoonfuls three times daily. 
HEXA-METHYLENE TETRAMIN. SeeUrolropin. 
HOMATROPINE. Cl 6n2IN03. 
Synonym ; Oxy-toluol*tropine. 
An artificial alkaloid obtained from tropine mandelate, prepared synthetically by 
Ladenburg from tropic acid and tropin, the two derivatives of atropine. This forms 
colorless, very hygroscopic crystals, slightly soluble in water. Its action is like that of 
atropine, but less persistent and weaker, causing, when applied to the eye, rapid dila- 
tion of the pupil, which passes off sooner than that of atropine. Also given internally THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
in treatment of the night-sweats of phthisis. The maximal internal dose is 0 001 Gm. 
(1-64 grain); as application, in 1 per cent, solution. The salts of the alkaloid are pre- 
ferred. 
HOMATROPINE HYDROBROMATE, (CigH2iN03. II Br). because of its ready 
solubility and non-hygroscopic nature, is preferred to the alkaloid. The dose and 
properties are the same. The other salts of homatropine are the hydrochlorate, sali- 
cylate and sulphate. 
HYDRACETINE. C 6HSNH-NII-CH3CO. 
Synonyms: Pyrodine ; Aoetyl-phenyl-hydrazine. 
This compound may be looked upon as hydrazine in which a hydrogen 
in each of the NH2 groups is replaced by a monovalent radical, one being a phenyl 
(CnHs), the other being an acetyl (CH3CO) group, or it may be considered as being the 
acetyl derivative of phenyl-hydrazine. It is obtained by heating together acetic anhy- 
dride and phenyl hydrazine. Hydracetine occurs in colorless, inodorous and tasteless 
crystals, which melt at 128.5° 0. (263.5° F.), soluble in 50 parts of water and readily so 
in alcohol. Its properties are those of an antipyretic and antirbeumatic. in doses of 
0.05 to 0.1 Gm. (3-5 to I<4 grains). Care should be taken in administering this remedy, 
because of its powerful and toxic properties. 
HYDRASTINE. C2lH21N06. 
An alkaloid obtained from the rhizome of Hydrastis canadensis. It occurs in 
yellowish white crystals which melt at 133° C. (269.6° F.), of intensely bitter taste, insol- 
uble in water, readily soluble in alcohol and ether. Hydrastine is employed in 
metrorrhagia, also as a tonic and antiperiodio in doses of 0.015 to 0.03 Gm. (34 to 
grain). It is not used externally, because of its insolubility. 
HYDRASTINE HYDRO CHLORATE forms a pale yellow, crystalline powder, of 
very bitter taste, readily soluble in water and alcohol. It is employed in gonorrhoea, 
conjunctivitis, leucorrhoea, etc., externally in various dermal affections in a one per 
cent ointment or lotion. 
HYDRASTININE. CnHn:N02. 
This is obtained as the oxidation product of hydrastine by nitric acid. It forms 
acicular crystals, melting at 116° to 117° C. (240.8° to 243.6° F.), insoluble in water, 
readily soluble in alcohol and ether. 
lIYI)RASTININE HYDROCHLORIDE is usually employed in medicine because 
of its ready solubility. It occurs in yellow crystals which melt at 205° C. (401° F.). It 
is employed as a uterine hasmostatic, also in dysmenorrhoea, metrorrhagia, etc., in 
doses of 0.025 Gm. {% grain). As a subcutaneous injection %to 1 Cc. of a 10% aqueous 
solution once daily. 
HYDRAZINE. See Diamine. 
HYDROCHINON. See Hydroquinone. 
HYD RO CIN N A MIC A CID. Seeßeta-phenyl-propionicacid. 
HYDRONAPHTHOL. 
An antiseptic and disinfectant, said to be obtained from beta-naphthol by reduc- 
tion, in which a hydrogen atom is replaced by the hydroxyl group. Usually given in 
keratin or salol-coated pills containing 0.1 to 0.3 Gm. (I>£ to 3 grains). For external 
use, in a one per cent, solution. 
HYDROQUINONE. C 6H4 (OH)a (1:4). 
Synonyms: Hydrochinon; Para-dioxybenzol; Para-diphenol. 
This body is an isomer of resorcin, being prepared by the oxidation of aniline with 
chromic acid mixture. It forms colorless, hexagonal prisms, which melt at 169° C. 
(336.2° F.), difficultly soluble in cold water, readily so in hot water, in alcohol and in 
ether. Hydroquinone is used as an antiferment, antiseptic and antipyretic ; as anti- 
pyretic its dose is 1 Gm. (15 grains); as an injection or wash in 10% solution. 
Hydroquinone is largely employed as a photograph ic developer. 
HYDROXYLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE. NHsOH.HCU 
Synonym: Oxy-aramonium chloride, 
Hydroxvlamine may be regarded as ammonia, NH3. in which a hydrogen atom is 
replaced by the hydroxyl group OH. This base is obtained by interaction between 
sulphurous and nitrous acids at low temperature. Hydroxylamine hydrochlorate 
forms colorless, hygroscopic, crystalline plates, readily soluble in water, glycerin and 
alcohol. It is characterized by its great reducing power, precipitating such metals as 
gold, silver and mercury from their solutions; it likewise reduces Fehling’s solution. 
This’compound is employed as an antiseptic in place of chrysarobin, pyrogallol and 
anthrarobin in treatment of skin diseases as a HO to 4-10 per cent solution. 44 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
HYOSCINE. (Scopolamine, Schmidt). Cl 7H31N04. 
This amorphous alkaloid occurs, along with atropine and hyoscyamine, in the vari- 
ous solanaceous plants, particularly the seeds of Hyoscyamus niqer. Hyoscine is identi- 
cal with, or, according to Schmidt and Hesse, it is Scopolamine (CITtI2INO4), as obtained 
from the roots of-the Scopolia atropoides; commercial hyoscine being scopolamine. 
Among the various salts employed are the hydrobromate, hydrochlorate, hydro iodate 
and sulphate. It is stated that a solution of scopolamine, Ito 1000, is five times stronger 
than the same solution of atropin. 
HYOSCINE HYDROBROMATE (CI7H2iN04.nßr-f3H2O) occurs in colorless, 
permanent, odorless, acrid crystals. It is employed as a hypnotic and sedative in 
various mental diseases, also as an antaphrodisiac, antisialagogue and mydriatic. Its 
dose as a hypnotic in insanity is 0.103 Gm. (1-30 grain), as sedative 0.0004 to 0.0006 Gm. 
(1-150 to 1-100 grain). Subcutaneously, as hypnotic, 0.0004 to 0.0006 Gm. (1-150 to 1-100 
grain), as sedative 0.0003 to 0.0003 Gm. (1-300 to 1-300 grain). As a mydriatic al% solution 
is used. Antidotes the same as for atropine,, 
HYOSCINE HYBEOIODA TE. See lodic Acid 
HYOSCYAMINE. Cl 7H33N03. 
An alkaloid which occurs with hyoscine and atropine in the seeds and leaves of 
the Hyoscyamus Niger, also found in roots of the Scopolia Atropoides and Japonica. 
also in the leaves of the Duboisia Myoporides, etc. It forms white, silky, permanent 
crystals, melting at 108.5° C. (337.3° F.), almost insoluble in water, readily soluble in 
alcohol and ether. The action of hyoscyamine is like that of atropine, but it is chiefly 
employed as a hypnotic in mental disorders, as an anodyne and antispasmodic in 
asthma, epilepsy, colics, etc. Its usual dose is to 3 Mg. (1-130 to 1-30 grain); as 
hypnotic for the insane 0.0075 to 0.015 Gm. (% to J4 grain. t 
Among the various soluble salts employed are the hydrobromate, hydrochlorate and 
sulphate. 
HYPNAL. (Monochlorantipyrine.) See under Antipyrine. 
HYPNOACETIN, CH3CO-NH-C6H' OCH2-COC6H6 
Synonym: Acetophenon-acetyl-para-amido-phenol-ether. 
This forms pearly scales which melt at 16'.° C. (330° F.), soluble in alcohol and 
acetic ether. Recommended as a hypnotic in doaes of 0.3 to 0.35 Gm. (3 to 4 grains.) 
H YPN ONE. C,HS-CO-CH3. 
Synonyms: Acetophenone; Methyl-phenyl-ketone. 
This is a mixed ketone obtained by the dry distillation of a mixture of calcium 
acetate and benzoate. Hypnone is a colorless, oily fluid, of peculiar odor and pungent 
taste. Its sp. gr. is 1.033, and when exposed to the temperature of 14° C. (57.3° F.). it 
solidifies. Only slightly soluble in water, but readily miscible with alcohol, ether and 
the fatty oils. It is employed as a hypnotic in doses of 0.05 to 0 3 Gm. (7-10 to 3 grains), 
or 1 to 3 minims. 
lATROL. 
Synonym; Oxy-iodo-methyl-anilide. 
Nothing is known concerning the preparation of this compound, which is described 
as being an inodorous, non-poisonous antiseptic, designed to replace iodoform. 
iCHTHYOL. C28H36830« (N H4)a. 
Synonym: Ammonium-ichthyol-sulphonate. 
A bituminous mineral of Tyrol, which is rich in fossilized remains of aquatic ani- 
mals, is subjected to dry distillation, yielding a dark, oily distillate; this is treated 
with an excess of sulphuric acid, by which ichthyol-sulphonic acid is formed; this 
product on being purified and neutralized with ammonia yields ammopium ichthyol- 
sulphonate. Ichthyol forms a thick brownish liquid, of bituminous odor and taste, 
containing 15% of easily assimilable sulphur; its sp. gr. is 1.006; soluble in water, gly- 
cerine. a mixture of equal parts of alcohol and ether, and the oils. It is employed 
externally in various skin diseases, rheumatism, inflammatory diseases, and in gynae- 
cological practice; internally it is given for various affections of the digestive and 
intestinal tract, also in treatment of scrofula, syphilis, etc. As external application, 
from 5 to 50% ointment or solution is used; in gonorrhoea 1 to 3% solutions are em- 
ployed ; the Internal dose is 0.3 to 0.6 Gm. (3 to 10 m.), 3 times daily in pills or capsules 
Among the various other salts of ichthyol sulphonio acids, are the ichthyol-sul- 
phonates of sodium, magnesium, zinc and mercury. These are black, tarry-like masses, 
the magnesium salt making the best pill, while the zinc salt is best for injections. 
Ichthyol is incompatible with strong alcoholic liquids and acids. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
45 
INDOPHENINE. See under Phenacetine. 
INGESTOL. 
An opalescent, yellow liquid, recommended for the treatment of acute and chronic 
disturbances of the stomach and intestines, also sea-sickness. As far as known it con- 
tains magnesium, potassium and sodium sulphates, sodium chloride, fex-ric chloride 
alcohol and water. ’ 
lODANTIFEBRIN. C 5 INH C 2H30. 
Synonym; lodacetanilid. 
Prepared by the action of iodine on aeetanilid. It forms a crystalline powder 
insoluble in water. As far as its action is concerned it is almost inert Nothing is 
known concerning its properties. ’ b 
JODIC ACID AND ITS COMPOUNDS- 
IODIC A CID. HI03, is extensively employed for the reduction of chronic glandular 
enlargements and goitre. )4 dr..of a 'i% solution being injected into the affected parts. 
SODIUM lODATB, Nal03 
ALKALI lODA TES I Owing to the ready libera- 
POTASSIUM IODATE, KI03 
tion of iodine when brought into contact with mucus surfaces, they are employed, in 
dilute solution, 2 to 5% in various affections of these tissues. 
SILVER, ZINC AND STRONTIUM lODATES. AgT03,Zn(I03)2,Sr(I03)2 are in- 
soluble. Employed externally in various affections of mucus surfaces. The silver salt 
is also given internally as an intestinal astringent in doses of 1-6 to ]4 Or. .005 to .01 Gm. 
best administered in pill form. 
LITHIUM lODATE. Lil03 is employed in doses of \V>. gr, (0.1 Gm.), subcuta- 
neously injected, in cases of renal colic, or in cases of uric acid diathesis, or in chronic 
.. gout. In the latter case it is best employed in pill form in doses of 1)4 to 3 Grs. (0.1 to 
0.2 Gm.) 
MERCURIC lODATE. IIg(I03)2 in form of a double salt with KL, is successfully 
employed during all stages of syphilis; no salivation or other side effects becoming 
apparent. It is best used in subcutaneous injections in doses of 1-6 gr .-(.01 Gm.). 
QUININE HTDRO-lODATE. C2oH24N202in03 is recommended as an excellent 
nervous sedative and antineuralgie. It may be given internally or hypodermically in 
doses of Ito I} 4 grs. (0.06 to 0.1 Gm.). 
STRYCHNINE HTDRO-lODATE. C2lH22TST202HI03 may be used in all cases 
where strychnine is indicated, in doses as high as 1-12 gr. (,005Gm.). 
CODEINE HYDRO-lODA TE. 018H2,TSr03HI03 is employed for the same purpose 
and In the same doses as other salts of codeine, its action being somewhat more ener- 
getic. 
HYOSCINE HTDRO-lODATE. Ci7H2IUO4nT()3 may be advantageously gubsti- 
tuted in place of the chloride, iodide, or bromide ; it may be employed subcutaneously 
or internally, in either case its action is more intense and its dose should be smaller 
than that of the other salts. 
A TROPINE HYDRO-lODATE. Ci7H23N03H103 is employed in ophthalmic prac- 
tice in to li4/o solution, with good results. 
lODINE TRI-CHLORIDE. IC13. 
Prepared by passing dry chlorine gas over dry iodine which is warmed; the iodine 
trichloride which forms sublimes in the cooler portions of the apparatus 
Orange to yellow, _ hygroscopic needles, which melt at 25° C. (77° F.), fuming on 
exposure to the air; when warmed it decomposes into iodine monochloride and 
chlorine. Soluble in alcohol and water; when dissolved in a large excess of the latter 
decomposition ensues. lodine terchloride is a powerful antiseptic and disinfectant 
(1:1000). its value depending upon the liberation of chlorine, which is rendered still 
more active by the presence of iodine. When combined with aqua ammonia, iodide of 
nitrogen is formed. With alkalies iodine is precipitated ; when combined with organic 
substances, iodine is liberated. 
lODO-CAFFEINE- See under Caffeine. 
10D0-CASEIN. 
A new antiseptic and iodoform substitute. It is a yellowish powder, with a faint 
iodine odor. 
lODO-HEMOL. See Hasmol. 46 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
lOD-lODOFORMIN. 
A light-brown insoluble powder, melting at 200° C. (392° F.) Recommended as an 
iodoform substitute. 
lODOFORMAL. 
A yellow powder having a strong odor of cumarin, possessing an advantage over 
iodoform in its extreme lightness and absence of odor. It is insoluble in water and 
ether, melts at 128° G. (262.4° P.), and yields iodoform when treated with acids. It is 
distinguished from iodoform in that it yields iodine by the action of sulphuric acid, 
lodoformal is intended to be employed in place of iodoform. 
lODOFORMIN. 
Synonym: Hexa-methylene-tetramin-iodoform. 
This compound, containing 75$ of iodoform, may be prepared by rubbing together 
in a mortar 26 Gm. of hexamethylenetetramin and 74 Gm. of iodoform with a 
little absolute alcohol until a dry powder results. This is a harmless, inodorous com- 
pound of iodoform, intended to be used in all cases where iodoform is indicated. It 
melts at 128° C (262.5° F.) lodoformin, when applied to a moist surface, breaks up 
into its constituents; that is, iodoform is liberated. Maximum dose is 0.25 Gm. (4 
grains ) 
10DOFORM1N-MERCURY. 
A colorless to pale yellow insoluble powder, recommended as an antiseptic. 
lODOGEN. 
A mixture of charcoal and potassium iodate (KIOs) formed into cones; these, when 
ignited, liberate iodine, which serves as an aerial disinfectant. 
lODO-PHENIN (lodo-phenacetin) C20U2513X204. 
An iodine substitutions product of phenacetine obtained by the action of iodine in 
potassium iodide on a solution of phenacetin in hydrochloric acid. lodophenin forms 
a brownish powder or crystals, containing 25$ of iodine, having an iodine-like odor, 
soluble in alcohol and glacial acetic acid, decomposed by water. It is used externally 
like iodine. 
lODO-PHENO-CHLORAL. 
This is a mixture of equal parts of tincture of iodine, carbolic acid, and chloral 
hydrate, forming a brown-colored fluid, which is recommended as a parasiticide in cer- 
tain skin diseases. 
IO DO PY RIN E. See under Antipyrine. 
lODO-THEINE, 
A combination of hydriodic acid and theine (caffeine) forming a crystalline or 
amoiphous white powder, which is decomposed into its constituents by water. Used 
to increase the systolic action and arterial pressure of the heart. Dose, 0.13 to 0.5 Gm. 
(2 to 8 grains). 
10D0L. CJ«NH. 
Synonym: Tetraiodopyrrol, 
To a solution of pyrrol (1 part) in alcohol (10 parts), a solution of iodine (12 parts) 
In alcohol (240 parts) is added, and allowed to stand 24 hours ; on mixing this product 
with four times its volume of water, iodol separates in yellow flocks. lodol, which 
contains 89$ of iodine, forms a pale yellow, inodorous, tasteless powder, insoluble in 
water, soluble in 3 parts of alcohol, 15 parts of ether, 50 parts of chloroform and 15 
parts of oil. lodol was introduced as a substitute for iodoform, possessing the advan- 
tage of being inodorous and non-toxic. 
lODOL-CAFFEINE (CsTIio’NIOs+CiT.jNH) is a crystalline compound, made by the 
interaction between molecular weights of iodol and caffeine in concentrated alcoholic 
solution. It forms an inodorous, tasteless, crystalline powder, insoluble in the usual 
solvents. Used as an antiseptic like iodol, of which it contains 74,6 per cent. 
lODO-THEOBROMINE. See under Caffeine. 
IRON ALBUMINATE. 
Synonym; Ferrum Albuminatum. 
This is a compound of ferric chloride and albumen, forming golden-yellow, trans- 
parent scales, which are soluble in water. See Dispensatories. 
IRON CASEINATE. See Ferrum Caseinatum. 
IRON NUCLEOALBUMINATE. See Ferrum Caseinatum. 
IRON OXIDE SACO HA RAT ED, SOLUBLE. 
Synonym: Ferrum Oxydatum dacoharatum Solubile. 
This is a red-brown colored powder, of sweet taste, soluble in 20 parts of hot water. 
For method of preparation, see Dispensatories. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
47 
IRON PEPTONATE. 
Synonym; Ferrum Peptonatum. 
This forms red-brown scales, which are soluble in water.- This is a compound of 
ferric chloride and peptone (digested albumen). See Dispensatories. 
/J-ISOAMYLENE. SeePental. 
IZAL. See under Cresol. 
JEQUIRITiN. See Abrin 
JESSANODINE. 
A proprietary antiseptic and analgesic. 
KAIRIN. See under Chinolin. 
KAi ROLIN. See under Chinolin. 
KAPUTINE. 
This is said to be merely a colored Acetanilid. 
KEFIR (MATZOON; KOUMYS). 
These liquors are prepared by the action of various ferments on milk, in some cases, 
mare’s milk, and in other cases.cows milk being used. These preparations possess an 
undoubted value in all debilitating diseases, and in cases of obstinate vomiting are 
often well borne. They are very readily assimilated and rapidly increase the body 
weight after disease. Kefir, owing to its nutritive value, its agreeable taste, its ready 
assimilation, and its property of assisting digestion in general, has been suggested as a 
vehicle for the administration of various drugs. It is claimed that the drugs are not 
simply held in suspension but are held in solution in a stable form. The assimilation 
of these drugs is no doubt aided by administering them in such combination. 
KREOSOTAL KEFIR (Kreosot-Carbonate-Kefir) is found on the market, contain" 
ing in— 
No. I. 1 Gm. of kreosotal to the bottle. 
3. 3 “ “ “ “ “ 
3. 5 “ “ 
4. “ “ 
GUAIAKOL GARB ON A TEKEFIR also occurs in four combinations, viz ; 
No. 1.—0.5 Gm. of guaiakol carbonate to the container. 
2.-1.0 
3. 1.5 “ “ “ " “ “ 
4. “ “ “ 
The above-mentioned preparations of kefir are very useful in the various pulmo- 
nary complaints, scrofulous disorders, chronic gastritis, and in hepatic and renal dis- 
eases in general. They are best administered at the rate of one bottle per diem, begin 
ing with the lowest number. 
ARSENICAL KEFIR. This compound consists of a combination of kefir with 
Fowler’s solution, and contains in 
No. 1.—3 minims of Fowler’s sol. to each container. 
2. “ “ *■ 
3. “ “ “ 
4. 
In neurasthenic conditions, chorea, hysteria, various skin diseases, and in all con- 
ditions where the arsenical treatment is indicated, this compound is very valuable, far 
surpassing all other preparations of arsenic. 
lODKEFIR consists of sodium iodide combined with kefir, as follows : 
No. 1.—0.5 Gm. of sodium iodide, per container. 
2.—1.0 
3. 1.5 “ “ 
4. -2.0 “ “ “ 
The nermanence of this combination is doubtful. It is recommended in all cases 
where preparations of iodine are indicated. 
KEPHALINE. 
A proprietary headache remedy. 
KLINOL. 
A proprietary antipyretic and analgesic. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
48 
KOSIN. CajHsgOio. 
Synonyms; Koussein ; Kussin; Kosein. 
A bitter principle, isolated from the flowers of Hagenia abyssinica, Willd. This 
forms inodorous, tasteless, yellow-colored crystalline needles, which melt at 142° C 
(287.6° F.), insoluble in water, readily soluble in alcohol, ether and the alkalies. Kosin 
is employed as an anthelmintic and tssniafuge in doses of 1 to 2 Gm. (15 to 30 grains). 
KOSOTOXIN. 
This body is an active principle of Koso flowers. It is a yellowish amorphous 
powder, according to I.eichsewring, melting at 80 degrees, to which the provisional 
formula C26H340i0 has been assigned. Dissoluble in alcohol, ether and chloroform, 
and has a considerable physiological action. It is a strong muscle poison, but has very 
little action on the central nervous system. 
KOUMYSS- See Kefir. 
KOUSSEIN. See Kosin. 
KRESAPOL. See under Cresol. 
KRESIN. 
A mixture of a solution of cresylic acid and a solution of sodium-oxy-acetate. It 
forms a brownish fluid miscible with water and alcohol. A 1 per cent solution is re- 
commended as a general disinfectant. 
KRYSTALLOSE. 
Name given by Fahlberg, List & Co. to their new sodium-saccharin preparation, or 
water-soluble crystalline saccharin. It is said to be absolutely free from all contami- 
nations and to be more than 500 times sweeter than sugar. 
KUSSIN. SeeKosin. 
LABORDINE. 
A secret remedy, forming a greyish powder, slightly soluble in water, soluble in 
alcohol. It is stated to contain acetanilid, caffeine, saccharin and possibly a little 
apiol. 
LACTOCINE. 
The active principle of the concrete juice of the Lactuca virosa. It forms white 
scales, soluble in 60% of water. Used as a sedative and hypnotic in doses of Ito 5 
grains. 
LACTOL, OR LACTO-NAPHTHOL, 
A lactic ester of b.-naphthol. similar to benzo naphthol. In the organism it is split 
up into lactic acid and b.-naphthol. hence is used as an intestinal antiseptic. It forms 
a colorless and tasteless powder. Dose, about 0.25 to 0.5 Gm. (3.5 to 8 grains), 
LAC TO PH ENIN E. See under Phenacetine. 
LACTYL-PHENETIDINE- See under Phenacetine. 
LACTYLTROPEINE (CBIII4NO-CO.CH(OH)-CII3), 
A compound obtained by the action of lactic acid on tropeine. Occurs as white 
crystalline needles, readily soluble in water, alcohol, ether, etc., melting at 75° C. 
(167° F.). It appears to have a tonic action on the heart and respiration. 
L/EVU LOSB. See Diabetin. 
LAIFAN. 
A Chinese remedy against neuralgia. It is a crude borneol containing water, prob- 
ably identical with Ngai camphor described by Fluckiger. and obtained from Blumea 
balsamifera. It comes into commerce in the shape of a thick paste, showing numerous 
crystals, put up in earthen pots containing about 6 ounces. 
LAM IN. 
An alkaloid obtained from the flowers of Lamium album. Employed in the form 
of a sulphate or hydrochloride in subcutaneous injections as a powerful hmmostatic. 
LANICHOL. 
A specially prepared and purified fat of the wool of sheep. Does not differ essen 
tially from Adeps Lanas. 
LANOLIN. See Adeps Lanae. 
LANOLIN, SULPHURATED. See Thilanin. 
LANTANIN. 
An alkaloid, occuring in the herb Lantana Braziliensis. Forms a white, bitter, 
crystalline powder, which is employed as an antiperiodic and antipyretic. Like quinine, 
it produces a moderate effect on the circulation, determining a retardation of the 
chemical phenomena of nutrition and a diminution of temperature. It is superior to 
salts of quinine, as it is tolerated by the most delicate patients ; in larger doses it is a THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
49 
powerful antiperiodic. Intermittent fevers, though antagonistic to sulphate of quinine 
have yielded to the administration of 3 Gm. of lantanine. The dose is from 1 Gm. to 2 
during the day, given in pills of 10 eg, each, two being given every two hours. 
LEPINE. 
An antiseptic mixture, of the following composition : 
Mercuric chloride 0.001 Gm. 
Carbolic acid ... 0.100 “ 
Salicylic acid 0.100 “ 
Benzoic acid 0.050 “ 
Calcium chloride ‘ 0.050 “ 
Bromine 0.010 “ 
Quinine hydrobromate 0.200 “ 
Chloroform 0.200 “ 
Distilled water 100.00 
LEUKO ALIZARIN. SeeAnthrarobin. 
LIGNOSULFIT. 
A liquid side product obtained in the manufacture of cellulose by Kellner’s method. 
It is used in treatment of pulmonary tronbles by inhaling the vapors; its active ingre- 
dient is sulphurous acid, the irritating properties of which are modified by the presence 
of aromatics. 
LIPANIN. 
A mixture of olive <ril. with 6i of oleic acid, offered as a substitute for cod-liver oil. 
LIQUOR ANTHRACIS. 
A solution of 100 parts of coal tar in 2CO parts of benzol to which has been added 
200 parts of 90# alcohol. The mixture is agitated at 35° C. until a uniform fluid results. 
LIQUOR ANTHRACIS SIMPLICIS, AND COMPOSITUS. 
An antiseptic preparation of coal-tar, of the consistence of a thin fluid, which, 
when spread in thin layers, evaporates rapidly. A solution of sulphur, resorcin and 
salicylic acid in Liquor Anthraois Simplicis constitutes the ‘‘Compound Solution.” 
Nothing is known as to the solvent and method of preparation. 
LIQUOR ANTISEPTICUS-VOLKMANN. 
An antiseptic solution supposed to contain alcohol (10), Glycerin (20C) and water (100). 
LITHIUM DIURETIN. See Uropherin. 
LITHIUM SALTS. 
BENZ OA TE. CgHgCOO Li. Equal molecular weights of lithium carbonate and 
salicylic acid are brought together with sufficient water and heated until solution has 
taken place; the resulting solution of lithium benzoate is evaporated to dryness on a 
water-bath. This salt occurs as a fine, white powder or in scales, which are soluble in 
3 parts of cold water and 10 parts of alcohol. Is employed in the treatment of rheu- 
matism in doses of 0.5 to 1 Gm. (8 to 15 grains). 
S-C6H3(OH)COO Li 
BITHIOSALICYLATE 1. | Obtained by neutralizing dithio- 
S-CbTT3(OH)COO Li 
salicylic acid 1 (q. v.) with lithium carbonate. This is a yellow powder, readily soluble 
in water and insoluble in alcohol. The therapeutic properties and dose of this salt 
have not been determined. 
BITHIOSALICYLATE 2 is obtained by neutralizing dithiosalieylic acid 2 (q. y.) 
with lithium carbonate. This salt forms an amorphous powder which is soluble in 
water and alcohol. Employed in treatment of rheumatism and gout. 
FORMA TE, HCOO Li+Tl2o. Obtained by neutralizing formic acid with lithium 
carbonate, recrystallizing the resulting salt. It forms colorless needles which are 
yery soluble in water. Employed in rheumatism and gout; dose, about 0.2 Gm. 
(3 grains), 
10 DA TE. See lodic Acid. 
SALICYLA TE. C 6H4(OH)COO Li, is obtained by neutralizing an equivalent amount 
of salicylic acid (138 p ) with lithium carbonate (37 p.) in the presence of water con- 
taining a little alcohol; the resulting solution should have a slight acid reaction. 
This salt forms a white, readily soluble, ciystalline powder, which is employed in 
treatment of acute and chronic rheumatism in doses of 0.5 to 1 Gm. (8 to 15 grains). 50 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
SUL PHOICHTHYOLA TE is obtained by neutralizing ichthyol-sulphomc acid 
with lithium carbonate. It forms a black looking, tarry-like mass, which is dissolved 
by water, forming a turbid solution. Employed internally in treatment of rheuma- 
tism, in doses of 0,5 Gm. (8 grains). 
LOBELINE SULPHATE. 
From the leaves of the Lobelia infiata. Yellowish white, rather hygroscopic powder. 
For bronchitis, dyspnoea, and spasmodic forms of asthma. Dose Ito 6 grains either 
internally or hypodermically. 
LO R ETIN. See under Chinolin. 
LOSOPHAN. C.HIs (OH)(CH3) 
Synonym; Tri-lodo-Meta-Cresol. 
This is prepared by the action of iodine, in the presence of an alkali, on o-oxy-p- 
-toluio acid. Losophan forms colorless, inodorous crystals, insoluble in water, soluble 
an ether and the fixed oils, melts at 131.5° O. (350.5° P.), and contains 78.4 per cent of 
iodine. It is employed in various parasitic affections of the skin in alcoholic solution 
(1 to 2%), or as an ointment (1 to 10%). 
LUCILLINE. 
A pure petroleum jelly. 
LUPERINE. 
A. mixture of powdered gentian, oolumbo and quassia. Remedy against dipso- 
mama. 
LYCETOL. (Di-methyl-piperazine tartrate) (NH (CH2.CHCH3)2YH). 
This is obtained by distilling glycerin with ammonium bromide, and reducing the 
resulting product (di-methyl-pyrazine) with metallic sodium; is said to be more 
efficacious as a solvent for uric acid than piperazine. The dose is the same as that of 
piperazine. 
LYSIDIN. (CH2TD(CH2NH)C.CH3. 
Synonym; Methyl-glyoxalidin. 
This base is obtained by Ladenburg by the interaction between ethylen-diamine 
hydrochloride and sodium acetate, liberating the base from its salt by means of a 
caustic alkali. It is described as being a bright red-colored crystalline mass, very 
hygroscopic and characterized by a peculiar mouse like odor. Because of its 
extremely hygroscopic nature it is now placed on the market in the form of a 50 per 
cent, solution. This is a pale yellowish liquid of soap-like feeling when rubbed 
between the fingers; itssp.gr. is 1.054 and boiling point about 108° C. (336.4° P.). It 
precipitates solutions of mercuric chloride and iodide, soluble in excess of lysidin; 
ferric chloride forms a brown precipitate, soluble in excess of the reagent. One 
N 
gramme of lysidin (cryst.) requires 5 Cc. of j hydrochloric acid y.s. for neutralization. 
phenol-phtalein being the indicator. Lysidin is recommended as a solvent for uric 
acid deposits, being given in deses of 1 to 5 Gm. (15 to 75 grains) daily, dissolved i 
excess of carbonated water. Where the solution is employed an equivale 
double amount! ; used. 
LYSIDIN-BITARTRATE. 
A soluble, white, crystalline powder, 10 Gm. of which correspond to 7.3 Gm. of the 
50% solution, or 3.6 Gm. of pure lysidin. 
LYSOL. See under Cresol. 
LYSOLUM BOHEMICUM. 
A dark-brown liquid of agreeable odor, which is miscible with water in all propor- 
tions, forming transparent yellow solutions. One to 3 per cent, solutions are used as a 
disinfecting wash, while a 0.3 per cent, solution is sufficiently strong for washing 
instruments. 
MAGNESIUM SALTS. 
BENZOATE. (C6HSCOO)2Mg. Magnesium carbonate is mixed with sufficient 
water to fo’-tn a smooth paste; to this is then added an equivalent (molecular) quan- 
tity of benzoic acid, and the solution evaporated to dryness. It forms a white 
crystalline powder, soluble in 30 parts of cold water. Employed in the treatment of 
gout, urinary calculi, etc. It has been recommended by Klebs in treatment of tuber- 
culosis, THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
51 
LACTATE. (C3RSO3)2Mg-f3F120. Lactic acid, previously diluted with water, is 
neutralized with magnesium carbonate, evaporated and crystallized. It forms color- 
less crystals which are soluble in 39 parts of cold water. Employed as a laxative in 
doses of 1 to 3 Gm. (15 to 45 grains). 
PUEYOLSULPHONATE. This salt, which occurs as white, almost odorless, 
needles, with a bitter, not disagreeable, taste, has been recommended as an antiseptic 
purgative in doses of 15 to 39 grains. The alkaline character of the salt is an advan- 
tage, as it diminishes the danger of intestin il irritation. The salt is soluble in 2 parts 
of water and 5 parts of alcohol. 
SALICYLATE. (CBH4(OH)COO)2Mg-(-IH2O. Salicylic acid is dissolved in boiling 
water and neutralized with magnesium carbonate, evaporated and crystallized. It 
forms colorless, hygroscopic crystals which are readily soluble in water and alcohol. 
Employed in abdominal typhus in doses of 1 to 2 Gm. (15 to 30 grains). 
SULPHOPTIENATE. (r6HSSO4)2Yg. Occurs in white needles, soluble in water 
and alcohol. Recommended as a laxative and intestinal antiseptic in doses of lto2 
Gm. (15 to 30 grains). 
M AL A KIN. C 6H4(OCaH6) .N:CH.C6H4(OH). 
Synonyms; Salioyl-phenetidine; Salicyliden-pnenetidine. 
This is a condensation product of p-phenetidine and salicylic aldehyde, occurring 
in bright yellow needles, which melt at 92° C. (197.6° F.), almost insoluble in water and 
alcohol and decomposed by dilute mineral acids. Malakin is recommended as an anti- 
pyretic and and antirheumatic in doses of 1 Gm. (15 grains). 
MALLEIN. (Dry.) 
An analogue of tuberculin, employed as a diagnostic of glanders. It is said to be a 
mixture of the poisonous, active metabolic products of the bacillus of glanders, and to 
be obtained rom extremely virulent cultures of this bacillus ; it is sail to be stable 
and can be kept for years. Mallein occurs as a yellowish-white bulky powder, readily 
soluble in water ; from 4to 5 Og (3-5 to 4-5 grains) are dissolved in freshly boiled dis- 
tilled water and injected with strict antiseptic precautions, into the middle of the side 
of the neck. 
MANGANESE ALBUMINATE. 
Yellowish white scales, soluble in water. 
MANGANESE SACCHARATE. 
Brown powder soluble in water. The albuminate, peptonate and saccharate have 
been recommended in the same way as hasmogallol. 
MARROL. 
A new dietetic preparation, said to consist of ox marrow, malt extract and hop 
extract. 
MATZOON. See Kefir. 
MECONARCEINE. 
A derivative of narceine, which appears in lemon-yellow crystals melting at 126° C. 
(358.8° P.), soluble in dilute alcohol, but very shghtly in water. Recommended in bron- 
chial affections, neuralgias and insomnia, in doses of 0.01 to 0.03 Gm. (1-6 to % grain). 
MEDULLADEN. 
An extract prepared from bone marc. Recommended in treatment of gout; also 
anaemia. 
MEDULLARY GLYCERIDE. 
Glycerin extracts of bone marrow from calves’ ribs. Tonic. Anaemia. 
MELANTHINE. 
A glucoside obtained from the seed of Nigella saliva, resembling in character sapo- 
toxin (obtained from quillaya bark). It is regarded by Kobert and Schulz as one of the 
series of saponines, whose typical physiological properties it possesses being however, 
cou iderably more toxic than others of the series 
MENTHENE. 
A liquid extracted from menthol, of the composition OlOH]B- soluble in alcohol, 
ether and henzin, and insoluble in water. It boils at 163° C., and has the density, at 
zero. C., of 0.8226. 
MERCURO-lODO-H/EMOL. See under Emmo!. 
MERCURY SALTS AND COMPOUNDS. 
MERCUROUS ACETATE. (OH3COO)2TIfr2. A solution of mercurous nitrate is 
poured, under constant stirring and away from access of light, into a cold solution of 
sodium acetate ; the precipitate formed is allowed to stand in a cool place for 12 52 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
hours, then washed with a little water and alcohol, and dried at a low temperature, 
It forms white, glassy scales, which turn gray on exposure to heat or iight, particu- 
larly when moistened with water; soluble in 300 parts of water and insoluble in 
alcohol. Employed in treatment of syphilis in form of pill, dose being 0.01 to 006 Gm. 
(1-6 to 1 grain), externally in ointments (1:10:35). 
MERCURY IE TIIYL CHLORIDE is obtained by mixing equal parts of mercuric 
chloride (dissolved in alcohol) and mercury ethide ; the resulting sethylchloride forms 
colorless shining scales, of unpleasant ethereal odor, slightly soluble in water and 
alcohol. Because of its indifference to albumen, it is recommended for subcutaneous 
injection in place of mercuric chloride. 
MERCURY AMIDOPROPIONATE, OR ALAN A TE, is prepared by neutralizing 
amidopropionic acid with mercuric oxide, evaporating and crystallizing. Forms a 
white crystalline soluble powder. Employed for subcutaneous injections in place of 
mercuric chloride. • 
Dose, 0.003 to 0.01 Gm. (1-13 to 1-6 grain). 
MERCURY ALBUMINATE is obtained by pouring a solution of albumen (1:8) 
into a 4% mercuric chloride solution, the former being in slight excess. The solution 
is allowed to stand for 48 hours; the clear solution is then decanted from the precipi- 
tate, which is at once mixed with sugar of milk and dried in an exsiccator, adding 
sufficient milk sugar, so that the resulting powder contains 1 to I.sjt of mercury albu- 
minate. This preparation is used as an antiseptic dusting powder in surgery. 
MERCURIC-OXIDE-ASPARAGIY, (r'2TT3(NH2)(GONTT2HCOO)2Hg. is an aqueous 
solution prepared by adding 0.73 Gm. of freshly precipitated mercuric oxide to a 
solution of 1 gramme of asparagin in 6 Gm. of water, shaking frequently for some 
time, filtering, and adding water to 73 Co. This solution (1%) is used subcutaneously 
in treating syphilitic diseases. 
MERCURIC BENZOATE, (CenSCOO)2Hg-fH2O, is obtained by precipitating a 
solution of mercuric nitrate with a solution of sodium benzoate. This forms a white, 
crystalline, inodorous, tasteless nowder, slightly soluble in water, but readily soluble 
in a solution of common salt. Employed subcutaneously in treatment of syphilis, 
the solution being prepared from 3 parts of the benzoate, 1 part of sodium chloride 
and 400 parts of water, one syringeful being given daily. 
MERCURIC-CHLORIDE-UREA. To a cold solution of 1 Gm. of mercuric 
chloride in 100 Ce. of water, 0.3 Gm. of urea is added, and, when solution has taken 
place, filtered. Employed subcutaneously in syphilis; 1 Cc. of the solution contains 
0.01 Gm. of mercuric chloride. 
MERCURIC CYANIDE, Hg(CN)Q, is made by passing hydrocyanic-acid gas 
through water which contains freshly precipitated yellow oxide of mercury; the solu- 
tion is then filtered, evaporated and crystallized (caution ! 1). This forms colorless 
crystals, which are very soluble in water and alcohol. Employed in syphilitic diseases 
subcutaneously (0.1 Gm. in 10 Co. water), %to 1 syringeful daily. Great caution 
should be observed in administering this remedy. 
MERCURY CARBOLATE OR PHENATE. (C„IISO)2Hg+H2O. An alcoholic 
solution of mercuric chloride is added to an alcoholic solution of sodium phenate, the 
solution is evaporated to dryness, and the product washed with water, then crystal- 
lized from alcohol. Mercury phenate forms colorless needles, almost insoluble in cold 
water and alcohol. Employed in syphilis in doses of 0.016 to 0.033 Gm. (J4 to 
grain). 
MERCURIC FORM AMID A TE, (HCONH)2Hg, is a solution resulting fr m the 
solvent action of formamide on freshly precipitated mercuric oxide. Each cubic 
centimeter corresponds to 0.01 Gm. mercuric chloride. Employed subcutaneously in 
syphilis (0.1 to 10). 
MERCURY CAL LA TE. Molecular quantities of gallic acid and yellow mercuric 
oxide are mixed with water and evaporated to dryness. This forms a greenish-biaok, 
insoluble powder, which is used as an antisyphilitio in place of the less stable tannate. 
MER CUR O-lOD O-HJEMOL. See under Ilmmol. 
MERCURY IMID O-SUC CINA TE OR ASPARAGIN ATE. [O2H4(CO)2M]2ng. 
Freshly precipitated mercuric oxide is warmed with an aqccons solution of succini- 
mide, the filtered solution is evaporated and crystallized. )tf rms a lustrous crystal- 
line powder, soluble in 35 parts of water and 300 parts of alcunol. Subcutaneously in- 
jected in doses of 0.01 Gm. (1-6 grain). 
MER CUBIC IODA TE. See lodic Acid. 
MERCURIC NAPHTOLA TE. (CiOH7O)2Hg. A solution of mercuric nitrate is 
precipitated by means of 3-sodium naphtolate ; the resulting precipitate forms, when 
washed and dried, an inodorous, insoluble powder, employed externally In skin 
diseases, internally in treatment of typhus. Dose, 0.06 Gm. (1 grain). THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
53 
MERCURIC OX7CYAMIDE, Hg20(CN)2, is a white crystalline soluble powder, 
which is said to be six times more powerful as an antiseptic than corrosive sublimate, 
at the same time possessing the advantages of being neutral, less caustic and not 
coagulating albumen. As an antiseptic wash, solutions of Ito 1,500 are employed 
MERCURIC PEPTOXATTI a yellowish solution, which contains mercuric 
chloride 1 part, peptone 3 parts and sodium chloride 3 parts, dissolved in I<K) parts of 
water. This is employed for subcutaneous injections, since it does not cause pain nor 
produce abscesses. The dose is 1 Cc. corresponding to 0.01 Gm. (1-6 grain) of mercuric 
chloride. 
GL UTIXE-PEPTOXE-SUB LIMA TE is a compound of mercuric chloride (35#) 
with glutine peptone hydrochloride. This forms a white hygroscopic powder, which 
is used in subcutaneous injections, the dose being 0.01 Gm. (1-6 grain). 
MERCURY-POT ASSIUM-RYPO SULPHITE. 3Hg (5203)2+5K25203, is prepared 
by dissolving freshly precipitated mercuric oxide in a solution of potassium hyposul- 
phite, evaporating and crystallizing. This salt is employed for subcutaneous injections. 
MERCURIC RESORCIXATE. The precipitate obtained by interaction between 
solutions of mercuric acetate and sodium resorcinate is dissolved in excess of mercuric 
acetate, evaporated and crystallized. This forms a dark yellow, crystalline powder, 
insoluble in the usual solvents. For subcutaneous injections the following formula 
may be used: 
Hydrargyri Resorc.-aoetici - - 5.6 Gm.; Paraffin liquid - - 5.5 Gm.; Lanolin anhyd. 
2.0 Gm.; each 1 Cc. contains (1387 Gm. of mercury; the fluid should be warmed 
before use, and not more than 0.3 Cc. employed weekly. 
MERCURIC SALICYLATE. C 6H4<^CQ This may be prepared by 
interaction between solutions of sodium salicylate and mercuric nitrate, or by warm- 
ing together equivalent quantities of salicylic acid and freshly precipitated mercuric 
oxide in the presence of water on a water-bath, until the yellow mercuric oxide has 
been entirely converted into the white salicylate. This forms a white, inodorous, 
tasteless and amorphous powder, which is insoluble in water and alcohol, but is 
readily dissolved bv a solution of sodium chloride or any of the halogen salts. It is 
given in doses 0.001 to 0.008 Gm. (1-64 to Y grain). 
MERCURY SOZOIODOL, (C6H2I2(OH)SO3)Hg, is obtained as a precipitate, on 
mixing concentrated aqueous solutions of sodium sozoiodol and mercuric nitrate. It 
forms a fine, yellow powder, which is soluble in 500 parts of water, but freely taken up 
by a solution of sodium chloride or any of the halogen salts. This salt is employed 
chiefly in the treatment of syphilis, locally and subcutaneously. The subcutaneous 
dose is 0.06 Gm. (1 grain). For antiseptic applications alto 3# ointment, dusting 
powder or wash may be employed. 
MERCUROUS TAXXATE is prepared by rubbing a concentrated solution of 
mercurous nitrate with a solution of tannin until a pasty mass separates ; this is then 
washed with water by trituration and dried at 40° C (104° F.). It forms brownish- 
green scales, which are not soluble (without decomposition) in water or alcohol. Em- 
ployed in syphilis in doses of 0.06 to 0.13 Gm. (1 to 3 grains). 
MERCURY TRYMOLATE, ClOn130 Hg OH, is obtained by precipitating a solu- 
tion of mercuric nitrate with sodium-thymolate. An unstable, violet-green powder. 
MERCURY THYMOL ACETATE. ClOH130 Ilg+Hg CHBCOO. is prepared by dis- 
solving the above mercury thymolate in a concentrated hot solution of mercuric ace- 
tate ; on cooling, the double salt crystallizes out. It forms a crystalline insoluble 
powder, containing 57# of mercury. Both of these salts are used internally in doses of 
0.005 to 0.01 Gm. (1-13 to 1-6 grain); when used subcutaneously it should be suspended in 
paraffin oil as directed under mercuric resorcinate. 
MERCURY TRIEROM-PREXOL-ACETATE. A hot solution of tribrom-phe- 
nolate of sodium is precipitated by a solution of mercuric acetate, the resulting pre- 
cipitate is then dissolved in a hot concentrated solution of mercuric acetate, which, on 
cooling, deposits yellow crystals of the above salt. This contains 39.3# of mercury, and 
is employed subcutaneously in treatment of syphilis. 
META-AM IDO-PH ENYL-PARA-METHOXY-CHI NOUN. 
Recommended as an antiperiodio and antipyretic in doses of 0.3 to 0.5 Gm. (4 to 8 
grains.) 
META-CRESOL. C 6H4(CH8)OH.(l-3). 
One of three isomers which are found in coal and beech-wood tar. This product 
possesses a very feeble odor, boils at 198° C. and dissolves in 50 parts of water. It is 
less toxic than carbolic acid and is said to be five times more active in antiseptic 
power. 54 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
META-DI-HYDROXY-BENZENE. See Resorcin. 
METH AC ETIN E. C,H4.OCH3.iSrnCH3CO. 
Synonyms: Para-acetanisidine; Para-oxymethyl-acetanilide. 
This is an analogous compound to phenacetine, being the methyl ester of para 
phenetidme, or it may be regarded as acetanilide in which a hydrogen in the benzene 
nucleus is substituted by an oxy-methyl group (-OCHs). Methacetine forms colorless 
inodorous and tasteless, scaly crystals, which melt at 137° C. (360.6° F.), almost 
msoluWe in cold water, but readily soluble in hot water, also in alcohol, glycerin and 
°”h; , ft 18 recommended as an antipyretic and antineuralgic in doses of 0.033 
to 0.5 Gm. (ti to 8 grama); 0.5 Gm. of methacetine corresponds to 1 Gm. of phenacetine 
as antipyretic, and 1 Gm. of the former corresponds to 3 Gm. of the latter as anti- 
neuralgic. 
M ETHOXY-ANT I PYRIN. (Para.) See under Antipyrin. 
METH-OXY-CAFFEIN E. C 8H9(OCH3)N402. 
This derivative of caffeine appears in white needles or as an amorphous powder- 
melting at 177° C. (350.6° F.). Recommended in migraine and neuralgias in doses of 
0.26 Gm. (4 grains), hypodermically as a local anaesthetic. 
METHYL-ACETANILID. See Exalgine. 
METHYLAL. CH3(OCH3)2. 
Synonym; Methylen-dimethyl-ether, 
This fluid is obtained by the abstraction of one molecule of water from a com- 
pound of one molecule of formaldehyde and two of methyl-alcohol; tbe resulting pro- 
duct belongs to the group of organic bodies known as “acetals.” It is a colorless 
liquid, of an ethereal odor, soluble in water, alcohol and ether; its sp. gr. is 0.855 (15°0.) 
and boiling-point is 42° C. (107.6° P.). Methyial is recommended as a hypnotic in doses 
of 1 to 5 Gm. (15 to 75 grains). 
METHYL CHLORIDE CH,CI. 
Synonyms: Chiormethyl; Monochlormethane. 
This gaseous compound is made by heating methyl alcohol and hydrochloric acid 
under pressure at 100° C.; the gas produced is washed and dried, and then compressed 
in copper or steel cylinders at low temperature with pressure. Methyl chloride forme 
a colorless and inflammable gas of an ethereal odor, which, under a pressure of five 
atmospheres or at a temperature of -25° C., is converted into a liquid. It appears in 
commerce in the compressed liquid form, which is employed as a spray to produce 
local anaesthesia. A minute stream of the liquid is directed upon a tampon of wool 
and silk placed oyer the surface to be anaesthetized; the rapid evaporation produced 
absorbs the heat from the parts and leaves them bloodless and insensible. 
RICHARDSON'S COMPOUND LIQUID consists of a mixture of ether and chloro- 
form saturated with methyl chloride; has been recommended as a substitute for 
chloroform. 
METHYLENE BICHLORIDE. See Methylene Chloride. 
METHYLENE BLUE. 
Synonym; Tetra-methyl-thionino chloride. 
A complex derivative of diphenylamine, classed as an “aniline dye.” This salt 
occurs in dark blue or reddish-brown crystals or crystalline powder, of a bronze-like 
tinge, slightly soluble in water and alcohol, producing a deep blue solution. Methyl- 
ene blue is employed internally as an analgesic in neuralgic and rheumatic affections 
in doses of 0.13 to 0.5 6m. (3 to 8 grains), or subcutaneously in doses of 0,016 to 0.06 
Gm. 04 to 1 grain). 
METHYLENE CHLORIDE. CH2C13. 
Synonyms; Dichlormethane; Methylene bichloride. 
Prepared by the reducing action of nascent hydrogen (from zinc and hydrochloric 
acid) upon chloroform, the product being washed and rectified. This forms a color- 
less liquid, which resembles chloroform in odor and solubility; specific gravity is 1.354 
(15° C.); boiling point 41.6° C. (107° F.). Like pure chloroform it is readily decom- 
posed by the action of sunlight, hence the addition of one per cent, of alcohol is re- 
commended. Methylene chloride is recommended as an anaesthetic in place of chloro- 
form. 
METHYL-GLYOXALIDIN, SeeLysidin. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
55 
METH YL-PHENACETIN. See under Phenacetine. 
METH YL-PROTOCATECH UIC ALDEHYDE. See Vanillin. 
METHYLPYRIDENE SULPHOCYANATE. 
A compound obtained by the action of thiocyanie acid on quinoline. A crystal- 
line energetic antiseptic, free from caustic properties and all dangers that are liable to 
occur with the use of corrosive sublimate and carbolic acid. Usually employed in 1 
per cent, solutions. 
METHYL-VIOLET. See Pyoktanin, blue. 
MICROCIDIN, CaOH7ONa. 
This is a sodium 6-naphthol, obtained by fusing 6-naphthol with one-half of its 
weight of sodium hydrate. As an antiseptic wash a aqueous solution is employed. 
It is recommended internally as an antipyretic, also as an antisepsic in purulent otitis 
media, rhinitis, ozoena, and tonsillitis. In the first-named affection a 0.3 to 0.4 per cent, 
solution is used; in nasal and throat diseases, a 0.1 per cent, solution. 
MIGRANIN. See under Antipyrine. 
MONOCHLORAL-ANTIPYRINE. See under Antipyrine. 
MONO-CHLOR-METHANE See Methyl Chloride. 
MONO-PHENETHYDIN. See Apolysine. 
MORPHINE SALTS. Cl 7H17(OH)a.NO.A. 
Among the newer salts of this base are the: 
BENZOATE, obtained by neutralizing morphine with benzoic acid. This forms 
white, crystalline prisms or powder, which is employed in treatment of asthma in the 
same doses as the morphine sulphate. 
B ORA TE is recommended for subcutaneous injections and eye washes, because 
of the stability and neutral nature of the salt. 
PUTALATE and TARTRATE are recommended for subcutaneous injections, 
both being very soluble in water. 
MORRHUIN. ClBH27Na. 
A basic principle found in cod liver oil. It is a thick, oily liquid, which is soluble 
in alcohol and ether; 2 Mg. of the principle are presumed to represent a tablespoonful 
of cod liver oil in activity. 
MUSCARINE. (CH3)3-N.OH-C2H502. 
An alkaloid obtained from the fungus Agaricus mvscarius. It appears in hygrc - 
scopic crystalline masses, readily soluble in water and alcohol. The nitrate and sulphate 
are usually employed. Used in place of eserine as an antidote to atropine, also recom- 
mended for diabetes insipidus. Dose, 0.0023 to 0.0044 Gm. (1-30 to 1-15 grain). 
MUSIN. 
A fluid preparation made from tamarinds. 
MYDRINE. 
A white soluble powder, representing a combination of the two mydriatic alka" 
loids ephedrine and homatropine. Recommended as a mydriatic in solution of 0.3 
Gm. (4.5 grains) in 3 Gm. (45.5 grains) of distilled water. 
MYRONIN. 
The firm of Eggert & Hasckel, in Berlin, have introduced under this name a new 
ointment base, a vehicle consisting of a mixture of soap, carnauba wax and dcegling 
oil. The latter possesses remarkable penetrating powers and does not readily become 
rancid Myronin is prepared by heating stearic acid, in the presence of carnauba 
wax, with sufficient dilute potassium carbonate solution until saturation has taken 
place. The mixture of the resulting stearin soap and wax is then diluted with the 
dcegling oil until an ointment-like mass results, possessing the desired degree of con- 
sistency. This base, as prepared, contains about 12.5# of water, which may be in- 
creased or decreased as desired. 
MYRRHOLIN. 
A solution of equal parts of myrrh and oil (fatty), which has been used as a vehicle 
for creosote in laryngeal and pulmonary tuberculosis. 56 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
MYRTOL. 
A mixture of dextro-pinene (Cmllia), euealyptol (CioHj6O) and a camphor like body 
(CioUlsO), obtained by the fractional distillation of the oil of Myrtus Communis. It 
forms a colorless liquid, of aromatic odor, boiling between 160° to 170° C. (320° to 338° 
F,); recommended as a disinfectant and deodorant in putrid bronchitis and other 
diseases of the respiratory tract. Dose, 5 minims every two or three hours, taken in 
capsules. 
NAP ELLINE. 
From Aconitum napellus, white powder, soluble in water, alcohol and ether. Ano- 
dyne, analgesic. (Neuralgia, rheumatism, etc.) Dose, %to 14 grain. 
NAPHTHALOL. See Betol. 
NAPHTHALENE (NAPHTALIN U. S. P.). ClOU8. 
Synonym; Tar Camphor. 
A hydrocarbon obtained from coal tar, which occurs in white scales of fatty 
lustre and strong coal-tar odor, melts at 80° C. (176° F.) and is soluble in alcohol and 
ether, but insoluble in water. Used internally as a vermifuge against oxyuris ver- 
micularis, as an expectorant, as an antiseptic in chronic diarrhoea and typhoid fever, 
also as an antipyretic. Externally naphtalene is used in various skin diseases as 
eczema, psoriasis, lepra, etc. Dose is 0.13 to 0.5 to 1 Gm. (3 to Bto 15 grains); for tape- 
worms, 1 Qm. followed by castor oil. Externally, from 5 to 10$ dusting powder or 
ointment. 
NAPHTHOL (ALPHA). ClOH7011. 
A constituent of coaltar, also obtained artificially from Naphthalene. It forms 
colorless prisms of phenol-like odor and burning taste, soluble in alcohol and ether, 
slightly so in water, melts at 94° . Alpha Naphtol is an antiseptic and antiferment, 
being recommended in treatment of diarrhoea, dysentery, typhoid fever, etc. A solu- 
tion of 0.1 to 0.25 p. in 1,000 prevents the development of the spores of the tubercle 
bacilli. Said to be times as strong as beta-naphtol. 
NAPHTHOL (BETA). C]oH7OH. 
A constituent of coal tar, also obtained artificially from naphtalene. For de- 
scription and tests see U. 8. Pharmacopoeia. Beta naphtol is used as a general anti- 
septic in cutaneous disorders and in affections of the respiratory tract, also as an 
intestinal antiseptic in typhoid and typhus fevers and in chronic diarrhoeas. The dose 
varies from 0.12 to 1 Gm, (3 to 15 grains). Externally, 3to 10 per cent, solutions or 
ointments are employed. 
/3-NAPHTHOL-ANTIPYRINE. See Naphthopyrin. 
NAPHTHOL-ARISTOL. (Di-iod-b-naphthol). 
Prepared like aristol; a solution of sodium naphthol (b-naphthol lip and sodium 
carbonate 4p.) is precipitated by an aqueous solution of iodine in potassium iodide (3.4 p. 
each). It is a greenish-yellow powder, insoluble in water, slightly soluble in alcohol 
and very soluble in chloroform. The compound is recommended as an antiseptic. 
/J-NAPHTHOL BENZOATE. See Benzonaphthol. 
j3-NAPHTHOL CAMPHOR. 
Synonym: Naphthol, camphorated. 
A syrupy fluid made by fusing together naphthol 1 part and camphor 2 parts. This 
is used as an antiseptic application to boils and in tuberculosis. 
/J-NAPHTHOL CARBONATE. CO(OC10Hr)a. 
A di-naphthyl ester of carbonic acid. It is prepared by the action of phosgene on 
6-naphthol sodium, yielding shining, colorless scales, which are insoluble in water and 
melt at 176° C. (348.8° F.). Recommended as a substitute for b-naphthol, as an intes- 
tinal antiseptic, owing to its less irritating qualities. 
NAPHTHOL CARBOXYLIC ACID. ClOns(On)COan. 
Synonym; g-Oxynaphthoio Acid. 
This is obtained by the action of carbonic acid gas upon sodium-g-naphthol under 
pressure. It forms a white crystalline powder or aoieular crystals; melts at 186° C. 
(366.8° P.); insoluble in water, soluble in alcohol, ether, fatty oils and glycerin. Forms 
soluble salts with the alkalies or alkali carbonates Recommended as an antiseptic 
disinfectant and antiparasitic, in form of an ointment (5 to 10$) or antiseptic gauze (1$). 
/J-NAPHTHOL-DISULPHONATE OF ALUMINUM. See AlumnoL 
0-NAPHTHOL-o-MONO-SULPHONATE OF CALCIUM. See Asaprol. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
57 
NAPHTHOPYRIN. 
Synonym: 6-Naphthol-antipyrine. 
Made by triturating together equal molecular quantities of 6-Naphthol and anti- 
pyrin. forming thereby a tough mass, which gradually assumes a crystalline form ; in- 
soluble in water and soluble in alcohol. 
NAPHTHOPYRINE. See under Antipyrine. 
NAPHTHOSALOL. Seeßetol. 
NARCEINE HYDROCHLORATE. C 23 
Narceine is found in opium to the extent of 0.1 to OA%. The hydrochlorate forms 
colorless, crystalline needles, which are soluble in water and alcohol. It is employed 
as a hypnotic in doses of 0.01 to 0.06 Gm. (1-6 to 1 grain). 
NARCOTIN. C 22 
This alkaloid, which is found in opium, occurs in colorless crystals, which melt at 
176° C. (348.8° F.); insoluble in water and alkalies, but readily soluble in alcohol and 
ether. It is used as a hypnotic in doses of 0.35 to 1 Gm. (3.8 to 15 grains). 
NASROL. See Sodium Sulfocaffeate. 
NE U RIN E. N(CH3) (C2H3)OH. 
Synonym: Tri-methyl-vinyl-ammonium-hydroxide. 
This base, containing the unsaturated radicle “vinyl,” C 2H3, is found along with 
- neuridine (C6HI4N2) among the products of the decomposition of flesh. Obtained syn- 
thetically by reaction between sethylene bromide and alcoholic trimethylamine at 60° C. 
(140° F.) under pressure. It forms a very poisonous, strongly alkaline fluid, which is 
very soluble in water, but is decomposed on boiling. A 3% solution is employed as a 
local application for diphtheritic membranes. 
NEURODINE. C 8H4(0C0.CH3) NH.COOC2H5. 
Synonym : Acetyl-p-ethoxy-phenyl-urethane. 
A substance introduced by Merck as an antipyretic and antineuralgic. By the 
action of chloro-carbonio ether (00(01) (002li5) ), an amido-phenol (CBH4(OH)NH2), 
para-oxyphenyl-urethane, is formed, which on being acetylated is converted into neu- 
rodine. This forms colorless, inodorous crystals, melting at 87° C. (188.6° F.), soluble in 
UOOp. of cold water. 
Bose as antineuralgia is Ito 1.5 Gm. (15 to 23 grains), as antipyretic 0.5 Gm. (7}£ 
grains). 
NEUROSIN. 
A French preparation (in syrup or granule form) which contains as active constitu- 
ent glycerino-calcium phosphate. 
NITRO-SALOL. See under Salol. 
NOSOPHEN. 
Synonym: Tetra-iodo-phenol-phtalein (C6H212.0H)2. C^q6^?0 
Obtained by the action of iodine on a solution of phenol-phtalein. It forms a pale 
yellow colored, inodorous and tasteless powder, insoluble in water and alcohol, melts 
at 355° C. With alkalies nosophen forms soluble salts, the sodium compound being 
blue colored. It containg 60 per cent, of iodine, which is not liberated by the action 
of alkalies or boiling dilute acids. . Employed as antiseptic dusting-powder, being de- 
structive to bacteria life. 
NUCLEIN. 
A phosphorated proteid extracted from the spleen and other organs. It forms a 
pale yellow-colored powder, soluble in alkaline solu. ions, but insoluble in alcohol or 
water. In doses of 3to 3 Gm. well diluted nuclein is said to enhance phagocytosis by 
increasing the number of white corpuscles. Also recommended hypodermically in 
treatment of pleurisy and pneumonia. 
NUTRIN. 
A dietetic food which according to its manufacturers, represents “ the pure 
nutritious substance of meat. 
NUTROL. 
An artificially digested starch, containing a small quantity of hydrochloric acid and 
digestive ferments. 58 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
ODONTODOL. 
Said to be a mixture of Cocaine Hydrochlorate (1), Oil of Cherry Laurel (1), Tincture 
Arnica (10), and solution of Ammonium Acetate (20). Used as a dental anodyne. 
CENANTHOTOXINE. Ci7H2205. 
A resinous substance obtained from OEnanthe crocata ; it is said to be very poison- 
ous, and to produce violent spasms as picrotoxin does. 
OLEO-CREOSOTE. See under Guaiacol. 
ORCHIDIN. 
Prof. Poehl’s Testicular Fluid. Recommended as a nervine. 
OREXIN. C 6H4NCH.CH2NC6n6. 
Synonym: Phenyl-dihydro-chin-azoline. 
This, a complex chinoline derivative, is obtained by the action of sodium form- 
anilid on o-nitrobenzyl chloride, the resulting o-nitrobenzylformanilid is reduced to 
the corresponding amido derivative by means of nascent hydrogen; the hydrochlorate 
of this base on heating gives up one molecule of water, yielding the hydrochlorate of 
orexin. from which the base orexin may be obtained by treatment with an alkali. 
This occurs as a white, amorphous, tasteless powder, which is almost insoluble in 
water. Employed as a stomachic, stimulating the appetite, also as an antiemetic, 
given in doses of 0.13 to 0.4 Gm (3 to 6 grains) either in wafers or capsules, followed 
by draughts of beef tea or cocoa to prevent any local irritation. 
OREXIN HYDROCHLORIDE. C 6H4.NCH CH2NC6HS.HCI+2H20. 
Forms colorless, odorless crystals, of bitter pungent taste, melting at 80° C. (176 °F), 
soluble in 15 parts of cold water. The properties and dose are same as those of Orexin. 
ORTHIN. C 6H3.OH.COOH.ISrn NIL,. 
Synonym; Ortho-hydrazine-para-oxybenzoate. 
Orthin is a derivative of phenyl-hydrazine (CSHS-NH-NH2) in which one hydrogen 
atom of the benzene nucleus is replaced by a hydroxyl-group and another by the car- 
boxyl group. The hydrochlorate, in which form it usually appears, forms colorless 
soluble crystals, and is recommended as an antipyretic. Experiments have shown it to 
be too dangerous for general use. 
ORTHO-AM I DO-SALICYLIC ACID. C 6H3(NH2) (OH) COOH. 
Obtained through reduction of ortho-nitrosalicylic acid. It forms a gray-white, 
amorphous, inodorous powder, of a faint sweet taste. Insoluble in water, alcohol 
and ether. 
It is employed in treatment of chronic rheumatism, in doses of C.25 to 0.5 Gm. 
(3 to 7 grains). 
ORTHO-HYDRAZINE-PARA-OXY-BENZOATE. See Orthin. 
ORTHO-OXY-BENZOIC ACID. 
Synonym: Salicylic Acid. 
ORTHO-PHENOL-SULPHONIC ACID. SeeAseptol. 
ORTHO-PHENOLSULPHURIC ACID. SeeAseptol. 
ORTHO-SULPH AM IN E-BEN ZOIC-ANHYDRIDE. See Saccharin. 
ORTHO-SULPHO-CARBOLIC ACID. SeeAseptol. 
ORTHO-TOLYL-ACETAMIDE. See Aceto-ortho-toluid. 
ORTHO-TOLYL-DI-METHYL-PYRAZOLON. SeeTolypyrin. 
OSMIC ACID. Os 04. 
Obtained by heating osmium in fine powder in _ a current of oxygen or moist 
chlorine; or by evaporating a solution of osmium in nitromuriatio acid to dryness. 
Occurs in colorless or yellowish-green, lustrous needles, of a penetrating chlorine-like 
odor, melting at 40° C. (104° F.); stains the skin and linen black Externally in a 1 per 
cent, solution (fresh) osmio acid acts as a caustic for cancerous and scrofulous sores; 
subcutaneouslv (\% solution) it has been employed in neuralgia, epilepsy, sarcoma, 
cancer, etc. Dose internally 0.001 Gm. (1-64 grain) in pill form, freshly prepared. 
OUABAIN. 
A glucosidal principle obtained from the wood of Acocanthera oudbaio, also the 
seed of Strophanthus glabrus. Inodorous white crystals, slightly soluble in cold, freely 
In hot water and dilute alcohol, melting at 200° C. (392° F.). Employed in doses of 
0.000065 Gm. (1-1000 grain) repeated at frequent intervals, for the relief of whooping- 
cough. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
59 
z-OXYNAPHTHOIC ACID. CIOn6(OH).COOH. 
Synonym: x-Naphthol-carboxylic acid. 
Obtained by the action of carbonic acid on cc-Naphthol sodium under pressure at 
140* C.; the resulting sodium salt is a yellowish powder or colorless needles, of melting- 
point 186° C. (366.8° F.). Very slightly soluble in cold water, but very soluble in alcohol. 
The acid is quite soluble in an aqueous solution of borax. Its properties are those of 
an antiseptic and antizymotic. 
Applied as an ointment in treatment of scabies. 
OXY-SPARTEINE. C^H^O. 
This is an oxidation product of sparteine (q. v.), and occurs in colorless, hygro- 
scopic crystals, melting at Bi° C. (181.1° F.) and soluble in the usual solvents. It is em- 
ployed subcutaneously as a heart stimulant; it. however, lowers the pulse at the same 
time. Dose is 0.04 Gm. (3-5 grain) gradually increasing to 0.1 Gm. (1.5 grains). 
The hydrocMorate melts between 48° and 50° C, (118.4° to 133° F.). This alkaloid is 
incompatible (therapeutically) with opiates. 
OZALIN. 
A disinfectant, said to consist of a mixture of Calcium, Magnesium and Iron Sul- 
phates, with Caustic Soda and Magnesia. 
PANGADUINE. 
Name proposed for the collective alkaloids of cod liver oil. A crystalline solid 
soluble in alcohol and in a mixture of water and glycerin. 
PAPAIN. 
Synonyms; Papayotin; Plant Pepsin ; Papoid. 
The concentrated active principle of the juice of the unripe fruit of Caricapapaya. 
The juice is concentrated in vacuo, and tbe ferment is precipitated by the addition of 
alcohol. Papain forms an amorphous, white, hygroscopic powder, soluble in water and 
glycerin only. Employed as a digestive ferment; like animal ferments (pepsin) it digests 
albuminous substances, possessing the advantage of being active in either acid, alkaline 
or neutral solutions. Dose 0.13 to 0.3 Gm. (2 to 5 grains) after meals. Applied as a 5 
per cent, solution (in equal parts of glycerine and water) it is used to dissolve the 
false membranes of croup and diphtheria. 
PAPAYOTIN. See Papain, 
PARA-ACET-AMIDO-PH EN ETOL. See Phenacetine. 
PA RA-AC ET-A NISIDIN E. See Methacetine. 
PARA-ACETO-PHENOL-ETHYL-CARBONATE. 
A crystalline, colorless and tasteless powder, soluble in alcohol and insoluble in 
water. It is recommended as antithermic, analgesic and hypnotic in doses of 0.5 Gm. 
(8 grains). 
PARA-ACET-PHENETIDIN. SeePhenacetin. 
PARA-/ETHOXY-PHENYL-URETHANE. See Thermodin. 
PARA-ALLYL-PHENYL-METHYL ETHER. See Anethol. 
PARA-BROM-ACETANI LI D. See Antisepsine. 
PARA-CHLOR-PHENOL. 
A crystalline substitution product of phenol. When fused it congeals at 33° C •it 
is soluble in alcohol, ether and fatty oils, almost insoluble in water. Karpow recom- 
mends this as a powerful antiseptic and disinfectant, only exceeded in intensity bv 
silver nitrate and mercuric chloride. It has been successfully employed in treatment 
of erysipelas in a3to 3% vaseline ointment. 
PARA-CHLOR-SALOL. 
Recommended as superior to salol as a disinfectant, without possessing any of its 
secondary toxic properties. • 
PARACOTOIN. C9nia08. 
A principle which occurs, along with several others, in the Para Coto bark it 
forms a pale-yellow, tasteless, crystalline powder, melting at 152“ C. (305 6° F ) almost 
insoluble in water but readily soluble in alcohol. Employed in intestinal catarrh a 
an anti-diarrhoeic, the dose being 0.1 to 0.3 Gm. (1.5 to 3 grains) for children & d 8 
PARA-CRESOL. See under Cresol. 
PARA-D1 PHENOL., See Hydroquinone, 60 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
PARAFORM. 
v formaldehyde, obtained by heating an aqueous solution of form al3 c 
hyde, whereby some is volatilized and a polymeric form (paraform) remains behind' 
It forms a white crystalline powder which is insoluble in water. KecommendecUs an 
intestinal antiseptic. 
PARA-METHOXY-ANTIPYRIN. See under Antipyrine. 
PARA-MONO-CHLOR-PHENOL. See under Chlorphenol. 
PARA-OXY-ETHYL-ACET ANILIDE. See Phenacetine. 
PARA-OXY-M ETH YL-ACETANI LI DE. See Methacetine. 
PA R A-TO LY L- DIM ET HYL-PYRAZ O LO N. See Tolypyrin. 
PASTE, PEPTON. See Pepton-Paste. 
PASTE, SERUM. See Serum Paste. 
PASTE, SULPHURIC ACID. See Sulphuric Acid Paste. 
PELAGIN. 
A proprietary remedy for sea sickness, said to be a solution of antipyrine, caffeine 
and cocaine. 
PELLETIERINE, (Punicine). C 8H15NO. 
One of several alkaloids obtained from the root-bark of the Punica granatum. It is 
a colorless liquid, soluble in 2J parts of water, readily in all proportions in alcohol and 
ether. With acids it unites to form crystalline salts, among which the tannate is most 
frequently employed. 
PELLETIERINE TANNATE. 
A yellowish, tasteless, amorphous powder, insoluble in water, soluble in 80p. of 
alcohol, and readily in diluted acids. Prompt and innocuous tasnicide in doses of 1.5 
Gm. (23 grains) followed by a purgative. 
PENTAL. (Cn3)2C.CH.CH3. 
Synonyms; Trimethyl-ethylene; b-Isoamylene. 
This hydrocarbon is prepared by distilling fusel-oil with zinc chloride, and then 
treating the distillate (amylene) with concentrated sulphuric acid. Pental is a color- 
less liquid of sp. gr. 0.6783 (0° C.), boiling at 38° C. (100.4° P ), insoluble in water, miscible 
with alcohol (9 kO, ether and chloroform in all proportions. Employed as anaesthetic 
in dental surgery. 
PEPSIN, PLANT. See Papain. 
PEPTON-PASTE. 
Keoommended as a substitute for collodion in securing gauzes or bandages to the 
skin, free from any irritating or contractile properties. The dried varnish-like cuticle 
may be removed by washing with water. 
PEREIRIN. 
An alkaloid obtained from the bark of Cfeissospermum Iceve, by exhausting with 
boiling alcohol, evaporating to an extract and treating the residue with soda and 
ether. Forms a white, amorphous powder, slightly soluble in water, readily soluble 
in alcohol and etber. With acids it yields crystallizable soluble salts; among those 
usually employed are the hydrochloride and valerianate. Pereirin is recommended as a 
tonic and antifebrile. "0.5 to 2 Gm. (8 to 30 grains), being administered about four 
hours before the expected attack. 
PHEDURETIN. 
A phenol derivative, composition not given; tasteless white crystals, insoluble in 
water. Doses of 0.5 to 1 6m. a powerful diuretic. 
phenacetine. c 6n4.ocanB.Nncocn3. 
Synonyms; Para-Acet-Phenetidine ; Para-Acet-Amido-Phenetol: Para- 
Oxyethyl-Acetanilide. Phenetidine. 
JThiS compound, which chemically is closely connected with acetanilide and 
methacetine, is prepared as follows: 
Sodium Para-Nitrophenol, (which is prepared by the action of nitric acid on phenol 
and subsequent treatment of the product (para) with sodium hydrate), is ethylated by 
heating with ethyl bromide under pressure; this product (p-nitrophenetol) is reduced 
by nascent hydrogen to p-amidophenetol, which by prolonged boiling with glacial 
acetic acid yields phenacetine. This forms colorless, tasteless, inodorous, scaly crystals. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
61 
melting at 135° C. (275° F.). soluble in 1,500 parts of cold, and 80 parts of boiling water 
ai-d in about 16 parts of alcohol. Employed as an antipyretic and antineuralgic in 
doses of 0.5 to 1 Gm. (8 to 15 grains). Decomposed by strong alkalies or acids. 
TODOPEENINE, C2OH25T3'N'aO4, is a derivative of phenacetine. obtained by the 
combination of two molecules of the latter with three molecules of iodine. Phenac- 
etine is dissolved in glacial acetic acid, then diluted with water and hydrochloric 
acid; to this is added an aqueous solution of iodine in potassium iodide until no 
further precipitation occurs. If the operation is carried on in a hot solution, iodo- 
phenine is obtained in brown needle-like crystals, which have an odor resembling that 
of iodine, melting at 130° to 131° C. (266 to 267.8° P.), soluble in alcohol,and when mixed 
or heated with water iodine is liberated. This compound contains iodine (51#) in a 
very loose state of combination; hence it is not adapted for internal use because of its 
irritating properties. 
METETL-PEEEACETINE, C 6H4(OCanS)N(CH3)CH3CO, is prepared by tne 
action of methyl iodide on phenacetine-sodlum, the latter resulting from the action of 
metallic sodium on a solution of phenacetine in boiling xylol. This salt forms colorless 
crystals, melting at 40° C. (104° F.), only slightly soluble in water, but readily so in 
alcohol. Employed as a hypnotic. 
ETEYL-PEENA CETINE. C 6H4(OC2H5)7?(CaH6)OH3CO, a homologue of the 
above methyl-compound, is prepared in like manner by the action of etlnl iodide on 
phenacetine-sodium. This forms a yellow colored oil, boiling at 330° to 335° C. (626° to 
635° F.), almost insoluble in water, readily so in alcohol and ether. Possesses hypnotic 
properties, but to a lesser degree than the above methyl derivative. 
FORMYL-PEENETIDINE or PA RA- OXYETEYL-FO RMA NIL IT), C 6H4 
(OC2HgINII.GOH, is prepared by heating a mixture of hydrochlorate of p-pheneti- 
dine, anhydrous sodium formate and formic acid, the reaction product being crys- 
tallized from water. Colorless, inodorous, tasteless crystals, melting at 60° C. (I'o° F.), 
slightly soluble in cold water, readily in hot water, alcohol and ether. Recommended 
as an antiseptic. 
LA GTOPEEEINE, or LACTYL-PEEEETIDIEE, is produced by the action of 
lactic acid on phenetidine in presence of dehydrating agents. It forms a crystalline 
powder of bitter taste, more soluble than phenacetine, employed as an antinyretic 
and sedative in doses of 0.5 to 1 Gm. (8 to 15 grains). 
SEDA TIE, or VALER YL-PEENETIDINE, is obtained by the action of valeric 
acid on p-amido-phenetol. Recommended as an antipyretic and antineuralgic. The 
selection of the term “sedatin’’is unfortunate, since this was formerly applied as a 
synonym for antipyrine. 
PHENATOL. 
Said to be a mixture of acetanilid, caffeine, sodium bicarbonate, carbonate, sul- 
phate and chloride. 
Recommended as an antipyretic and anodyne. 
PHENAZONE. See Antipyrine. 
PHENETIDINE. See under Phenacetine. 
ySPHENETIDYL-CROTONIC-ETHYL-ESTER. 
This compound is formed by mixing molecular quantities of para-phenetidin (C6H4 
OCoHkNHs) and aceto-acetic ester. (CH3.CO.CFr3.COaC2HS); the mixture becomes 
turbid and quite warm, with the separation of water. By recrystalhzation from alco- 
hoi, the substance forms glossy white, needle-like crystals, which melt at do C. (L 5/.4 
F), insoluble in water, readily soluble in alcohol and ether. Nothing is known con- 
cerning the medicinal properties of this substance, as it is still in the experimental 
stage. 
PHENOCOLL HYDROCHLORIDE. CSH4 < NHCO.CH3NH2HCI. 
Synonyms: Amido-Acet-Para-Phenetidine-Hydrochloride; Glycocoll-Para- 
Phenetidine Hydrochloride. 
The base phenocoll is prepared by interaction between amido-acetic-acid ester and 
phenetidine [C6H4(OC9HS)(SHa)] or by the action of chloracetylchloride on pheneti- 
dine and subsequent treatment of the resulting mono-chlor-acet-para-phenetidme 
with ammonia. This base unites with acids forming salts. Phenocoll hydrochloride 
forms colorless needles or a crystalline powder, soluble in 16 parts of water, but the 
base phenocoll is precipitated upon the addition of alkalies. Because of its greater 
solubility and freedom from the unpleasant after effects which sometimes accompany 
phenacetin.it has become quite popular. Employed as an antipyretic, antirheumatic 
and antineuralgic, in doses of 0.3 to 1 6m, (5 to 15 grains). Has been recommended as 
a specific in malarial complaints, also as an antiseptic in treatment of wounds, sores, 
etc., either in form of powder, 5 per cent, solutions, 10 to 20 per cent., gauze, or oint- 
ment (10 to 20#). Decomposed by alkali hydrates or carbonates; also by Piperazin. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
PTIENOOOLL CARBONATE. [C6H4(OC2H6)NH.CO-CHSNH2I2CO2, is a colorless, 
almost tasteless, crystalline powder, which is quite insoluble in water. When heated 
to 65° C. carbonic acid is given off. Employed like the above, but particularly adapted 
as an antiseptic powder. 
PHENOCOLL ACETATE forms bulky, crystalline needles which are soluble in 
3 parts of water. This salt is adapted for subcutaneous injections. 
SALOGOLL, or PHENOCOLL SALICYLATE, is a crystalline salt which is less 
soluble than the hydrochloride, combining the medicinal effects of phenocoll with 
those of salicylic acid. Employed as an antipyretic and antirheumatic in doses of Ito 
2 Gm. (15 to 30 grains). 
PHENOL, (Carbolic Acid.) 
PHENOL CAMPHOR, 
Synonym; Camphor, Phenylated. 
Crystallized carbolic acid is liquefied by heat, and in this is dissolved an equal 
quantity of camphor; another formula directs three times the quantity of camphor; 
still another directs 4 parts of camphor, 12 parts of carbolic acid, and 1 part of water. 
This phenylated camphor is an oily, colorless liquid, which .s insoluble in water, very 
soluble in alcohol, ether, chloroform, fatty and volatile oils. It is employed as an anti- 
septic, germicide and local ansestheiic (particularly in toothache.) 
PHENOL, MONO-BROMO. C 6H4.8r.0H. 
Synonym; Ortho-mono-bromo-phenol. 
An oily violet colored liquid, of strong odor, soluble in ether, in ICO parts of water, 
boils at 195° C. Used as an antiseptic in Ito 2 per cent, solutions or applications. 
PHENOL, MONO-CHLORO (o). C 6H4 CIOH (2:1) 
Synonym; Ortho-mono-chloro-phenol. 
Obtained by the action of chlorine on amido-phenol. It forms a colorless fluid, sol- 
uble in alcohol. Used as an antiseptic, usually with petrolatum in skin diseases. 
PHENOL, MONO-CHLORO (p). C6T14CIOH. (4:1) 
Synonym; Para-mono-ohloro-phenol. 
This forms crystals soluble in alkalies, ether, slightly in water, melting at 37° C., 
boiling at 217° C. Properties antiseptic. Used externally in syphilitic diseases of the 
eyes, tuberculous diseases of the throat in 5 to 20# solution in glycerin. In lupus it is 
applied heated to 40° C„ using afterwards a 25# ointment; after 12 hours this paste is 
removed and salicylated ointment substituted. 
PHENOL AND SODIUM-RICINATE. 
A yellowish fluid containing 20# synthetic carbolic acid and 80# sodium sulpho- 
ricinate. An antiseptic and rubefacient, used in 20# aqueous solution for painting false 
diphtheritic membranes, skin diseases, etc. 
PHENOLIN. See under Cresol. 
PHENOPYRINE. See under Antipyrine. 
PHENOSALYL. See under Cresol. 
PHENOSUCCIN. 
A compound obtained by the action of succinic acid on p-amidophenol. Occurs in 
colorless needles, which melt at 155° C. (311° P.), insoluble in cold water. Recommended 
as antipyretic and antineuralgic. The sodium salt (sodium phenosuccinate) is to be 
preferred. 
PHEN-OXY-CAFFEINE. C 8H9(0C6H5)N402. 
A white crystalline powder soluble in alcohol, melting at 142° C. Used as an anes- 
thetic, antineuralgic and narcotic in doses of 0.26 Gm. (4 grains). 
/3-PHENYL-ACRYLIC ACID. See Cinnamic Acid. 
PHENYL-BORIC ACID. C 6H6-B(OH)2. 
Prepared by the action of phosphorus oxychloride on a mixture of boric acid and 
phenol in molecular proportions. It occurs as a white powder, difficultly soluble in 
cold water. It is employed as an antiseptic, for dressing wounds and ulcers. A one 
per cent, solution is sufficient to prevent putrefaction. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
PHENYL-HYDRAZINE-L/EVULINIC ACID See Antithermin. 
/5-PHENYL-PROPICNIC ACID. 
Synonym; Hydrooinnamic acid. 
Obtained by the reduction of cinnamic acid by means of mercury amalgam. It 
occurs in colorless crystals, slightly soluble in coil, but very soluble in hot water and 
alcohol. Melting-point is 47.5°0. (117.5° F.). 
Hydrociunamio acid is employed in the treatment of phthisis; the dose being 10 
drops of the alcoholic solution (1 to 5). 
PH ENYL-DI HYDRO-CHIN AZOLINE. See Orexin 
PHENYL-SALICYLATE. SeeSaloL 
PHENYL-SALICYLIC ACID. C 8H3(OH) (CBH6) COOH. 
Synonym; Ortho-oxydiphenyl-carboxylio acid. 
This occurs as a white powder, only slightly soluble in water, more soluble in 
alcohol and glycerin. Phenyl-salicylic acid is employed as an antiseptic dusting 
powder. • 
PHENYL-URETHANE. See Euphorin. 
PHILOPAIDIA. 
A proprietary diphtheria remedy. 
PHOENIXIN. CC14. 
Another name for Carbon-Tetrachloride, a non-inflammable liquid solvent. 
PHOSPHERGOT. 
Generic name given to a mixture of sodium phosphate and ergot, recommended in 
general debility. It, appears in the following three modifications; The variety intended 
to be taken as a mixture (in sweetened water) contains 1.5 gm. (23 grains) of sodium 
phosphate and 1 gm (15 grains) of powdered erect; this quantity constituting a daily 
dose. In the case of phosphergot powder, each dose represents 025 Gm. (3% grains) 
each of dried sodium phosphate and powdered ergot; and this dose is intended to be 
taken in the morning on an empty stomach. For pills, the following proportions are 
used: Dried sodium phosphate and extract of ergot, of each 3 Gm. (31 grains); make 
into 20 pills. Two to four pills to be taken daily. 
PHOSPHERRIN. 
A mixture of ferric chloride, phosphoric acid and glycerin. 
PHOTOXYLIN. 
This is a nitrocellulose prepared by the action of nitric acid on wood-wool. When 
dissolved in a mixture of ether and alcohol (equal parts) a preparation very similar to 
collodion is obtained. A 3to 5% solution of photoxylin forms a thick liquid, which 
leaves on evaporation a much stronger film than collodion. 
PICROL. CBHT2(OH)aS03K. 
Synonym; Di-iodo-resorcin-monosulphonateof potassium. 
Obtained by the action of a solution of hydriodio and iodic acids on resorcin- 
monosulphonate of potassium. It forms a colorless, inodorous, very bitter, crys- 
talline powder, which is soluble in water, glycerin, ether and collodion. Contains 53 
per cent, of iodine, and is offered as a substitute for iodoform, its antiseptic powers 
being equivalent to those of corrosive sublimate. 
PICROPODOPHYLLIN. 
A crystalline principle obtained from the rhizome of the Podophyllum pdiatum 
It is claimed to be the active principle of podophyllotoxin. 
PINAPIN. 
A fermented pine-apple juice. Recommended in treatment of catarrh of the 
stomach, also in nasal catarrh ; in the latter case pinapin is applied as a spray. 
PINOL. 
The volatile oil prepared from the needles of the Finns pumilio. 
PIPERAZIDINE. See Piperazine. 
PIPERAZINE. NH-(CH2)4-NH. 
Synonyms: Diethylene-diamine ; AJthylen-imine; Piperazidine ; Disper- 
mine (Spermine). 
By the interaction between asthylene bromide and aniline in the presence of a 
solution of potassium hydrate, di-phenyl-piperazine is formed; this is converted into 
piperazine by subsequent treatment with nitric or sulphuric acid and distillation of 
the resulting product with alkalies. Piperazine forms white, deliquescent scales. 64 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
which melt at 104° to 107° C. (319.3° to 334.6° F.), boils at 145° C. (393° F ) and is very 
soluble in water. Because of its property of uniting with uric acid and forming a 
soluble compound, it is employed as a remedy in treatment of uraemia, rheumatism 
and gout. Dose 1 Gm. (15 grains) dissolved in about 1 pint of carbonated water. 
Sometimes given together with phenocoll, when about 1 Gm. of each is dissolved in a 
pint of carbonated water, and the two solutions mixed. 
PIPERINE. Cl 7H19N03. 
An alkaloid which occurs in the fruits of Riper nigrum, Schinus Mollis etc. 
Obtained synthetically by heating solutions of piperidln and piperio acid in 
benzol. Forms colorless, almost tasteless, monoclinic prisms, which melt at 138° to 
139° C. (363.4° to 264.3° F.), slightly soluble in water and soluble in 30 parts of cold 
alcohol. Piperine which is contaminated with resin possesses a more or less pungent 
taste. Employed as antiperiodio and antipyretic in doses of 0.06 to 0.64 Gm. (1 to 10 
grains). 
PIPERONAL (OR HELIOTROPIN.) C 8H803. 
Piperine is converted into potassium piperate by boiling with its equal weight of 
potassium hydrate and 5 parts of alcohol in a flask with inverted condenser; on cool- 
ing, the crystalline mass that separates is washed with alcohol and crystallized from 
boiling water. One part of potassium piperate is dissolved in 50 parts of hot water, 
adding slowly in portions an aqueous solution of 3 parts of potassium permanganate’ 
shaking constantly; a soft mass separates, which is strained oft and washed with 
water until free from heliotrope odor. The mixed liquids are distilled, collecting the 
first distillate separately, because of the presence of the greater portion of the piper- 
onal, which crystallizes out on exposure to cold, while from the latter and weaker 
distillate it is removed by agitating with ether. Piperonal forms small white crystals 
soluble in alcohol and ether, insoluble in cold water. Employed as an antiseptic and 
antipyretic in doses of 0.5 to 1 Gm. (8 to 15 grains). Because of its heliotrope odor it is 
employed largely in perfumery. 
PIPEROVATINE. (C16H21N02.) 
A crystalline substance obtained from Piperovatum. It is insoluble in water, dilute 
acids and alkalies, soluble in alcohol. Piperovatine acts as a temporary depressant of 
both motor and sensory nerves, and also as a heart poison. It produces a powerful 
stimulant effect on the spinal cord, causing a tonic spasm resembling that of strych- 
nine. It, therefore, seems likely to be of service in therapeutics. 
PIX OL. See under Cresol. 
PODOPHYLLOTOXIN. 
An amorphous principle obtained from podophyllin (resin) by extraction with 
chloroform and precipitation with ether. Forms a white amorphous powder soluble 
in hot water, dilute alcohol, chloroform and ether. Podophyllotoxin is the active con- 
stituent of the mandrake root and its rosin (podophyllin), the latter containing 30 to 30 
per cent, of podophyllotoxin. This principle is very active and should be employed 
with caution; dose 0.001 to 0.01 Gm. (1-64 to 1-6 grain). 
POLYSOLVE. See Sodium Sulpho-rioinate. 
POTASSIUM SALTS- 
Only the most important of the newer preparations are enumerated. 
AERO-CYANIDE. KAuCn4. Forms colorless, very soluble crystals, which are 
employed subcutaneously. 
CANTEARID ATE. ClOH14K208-|-3H20. Obtained by neutralizing cantharidin 
with potassium hydrate and evaporating to dryness. It forms a white, very soluble 
crystalline mass, recommended by Liebreich in form of subcutaneous injections in 
treatment of tuberculosis (v. Cantharidin). 
COB ALT O-NITRITE, KBC02('NO.j)12+2II:iO. Minute yellow crystals which are 
slightly soluble in water, insoluble in alcohol. .Employed in dyspepsia, cardiac albumin- 
uria, etc. Dose is 0.033 Gm. QAi grain). 
BITHIO CARBONATE, K2COS2, is prepared by interaction between boiling solu- 
tions of carbon disulphide and potassium hydrate. It forms a reddish, deliquescent 
salt, soluble in alcohol and water. Employed in skin diseases as 5 per cent, ointment 
or solution. 
lODA TE. See lodic Acid. 
OSMA TE forms a red. soluble, crystalline powder. It is used in combination with 
bromides in treatment of epilepsy, subcutaneously for neuralgia and goitre. Dose, 
0.001 Gm. (1-64 grain). 
SOZOIODOL. C 6H2T2(OH)S0311-f-3H20. Forms colorless prisms, which are soluble 
in 84 parts of water and3oo parts of alcohol. Employed in skin diseases, either as a 
dusting-powder (3#) diluted with talcum, or in ointments &%). THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
65 
SXJLPROPHENA TE (Sulpho carbolate) C 6H6KS04+H20, occurs as white shining 
crystals, readily soluble in water. It possesses antiseptic properties, analogous thera- 
peutically to sodium sulphophenate. 
TELLURATE. K2Te04. A white crystalline salt, soluble in water. Employed 
in phthisis for arresting night sweats. 
POWDER, SERUM. See Serum Powder. 
PROPYLAMINE. CH3-CH2-CH2-NH2. 
This base should not be confused with trimethylamine (CH3)3N. Propylamine 
occurs in colorless crystals of strong ammoniaoal odor, melting at 50° O. Recom- 
mended in doses of 2 to 4 Gm. per day in treatment of chorea. Best administered 
with a syrup of peppermint as corrigent. 
PROSTADEN. 
An extract of the prostate glands, administered in treatment of diseases of these 
glands. 
PSEUDOHYOSCYAMINE. Cl 7H23N03. 
A new alkaloid recently discovered in the Duboisia myoporoides. It occurs in 
yellow needles which melt at 133° to 134° C. (271.4° to 273° P.), sparingly soluble in 
water. Pseudohyoscyamine is employed in treatment of mania and hysteria, in subcu- 
taneous doses of D.(kU5 to 0.006 Gm. (1-120 to 1-10 grain). 
PUNICINE. See Pelletierine. 
PYOKTANIN (blue). C 24 andC25H30N3CI. 
Synonyms: Pyoktaninum cseruleum; Methyl-violet. 
The methyl violet of commerce (a dye stuff) is a mixture of the hydrochlorides of 
penta and hexa-methyl-para-rosaniline. which forms a very soluble, blue, crystalline 
powder. Employed as an antiseptic in surgery in the same dilutions as given under 
yellow pyoktanin (q. v.) It has been employed with success in the treatment of diph- 
theria, in which the membranes have been painted with a warm saturated solution. 
Incompatible with corrosive-sublimate; also alkalies. 
PYOKTANIN (yellow). CITH24NBOCL 
Synonyms: Pyoktaninum aureum; Auramine; Imido-tetramethyl-di p- 
amido-diphenyl-methane. 
Yellow pyoktanin, or auramine, is a yellow dye obtained by the interaction 
between tetramethyldiamido-benzophenone, ammonium chloride and zinc chloride at 
150° C. It forms a bright yellow powder which is almost insoluble in cold, but very 
soluble in hot water, also soluble in alcohol. Auramine is employed as an antiseptic 
for ophthalmic purposes, and in surgery in aqueous solutions (1 to 4 : 10,000), as an 
antiseptic dusting-powder (1 to 2s) and ointment (2 to 10$). Its aqueous solutions are 
decomposed when heated over 70° C. 
PYRAZOL. (Phenyl-methyl-pyrazol-carbonic acid.) 
A crystalline compound of composition similar to antipyrine, but used as a diuretic 
in doses of 1 to 2 Gm. (15 to 30 grains). 
PYRAZOLIN See Antipyrin. 
PYRETINE. 
Found by Walter to consist of a mixture of acetanilid 58.7 parts, caffeine 6.74 
parts, sodium bicarbonate 19.5 parts, and calcium carbonate 13.5 parts. Another 
analyst finds potassium bromide present. Recommended as an antipyretic. 
PYRIDINE. C 5HSN. 
A liquid base which is formed by the dry distillation of nitrogenated organic sub- 
stances. being found in Dippers animal oil and coal tar oil. Pure pyridine is a color- 
less liquid, of peculiar empyreumatic odor, pungent taste, boiling at 117° C. (242.6° P.), 
miscible with water, with acids forms salts, being the basis of several natural alkaloids. 
Pyridine is employed in asthma,, from 3to 5 Cc. being poured on a plate and placed in 
the room with the patient. Internally, in doses of 3 drops, it acts as a cardiac 
stimulant. 
PYRODINE. See Hydracetine. 
PYROGALLOPYRIN E. See under Antipyrine. 
PYROZONE. 
A name given to represent absolute anhydrous H202, the active part of that 
which was formerly called Peroxide of Hydrogen; hence the 3$ portion of Aqua 
Hydrogenii Dioxidi, U. S, P, —— 66 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
The Oreek word “pyr” and the word “ozone ” were combined to describe the 
action resulting from the contact of well diffused animal organic matter, like 
silk or cameiS’ hair with the thick syrupy fluid of pure HaOa. After such articles are 
moistened with this active princip'e and then slightly warmed on a steam bath, they 
ignite and burn furiously, as substances do in oxygen, presumably producing both fire 
and ozone ; therefore true HaOa was called Pyrozone. 
PYROZONE 3# SOLUTION is an aqueous solution of HaOa of correct pharmaco- 
pceial strength. The manufacturers claim that it is more stable than ordinary products 
of the U. 8. P. process, that it is free from barium and other earthy salts and contains 
only 1-20 of 1# of acidity. 
PYROZONE 5# SOLUTION ETHEREAL, is a surgical antiseptic and cleansing 
bleacher for tooth cavities prior to filling. For external use only. 
PYROZONE 35# SOLUTION ETHEREAL, is employed in surgery, dermatology 
and dentistry as an antiseptic and caustic in a new sense of that term ; it destroys 
pathological cells and apparently does not destroy physiological cells, and has been 
found by dentists to be a prompt bleacher for teeth discolored with organic matter. 
For external use only. 
QUEBRACHIN, C2lH26Na0,. 
One of six alkaloids found in the bark of Aspidosperma quebracho. Occurs in pale 
yellow needles, insoluble in water and but slightly soluble in alcohol and ether. With 
acids it forms crystalline soluble salts, the hydrochloride being most frequently em- 
ployed. Used internally and subcutaneously in dyspnoea ; dose 0.05 to 0.1 6m. (3-5 to 
l} 4 grains). 
QUININE ARSENITE. CaoH24N2O2.H3AsO3+3H20. 
Obtained by dissolving 34 parts of freshly precipitated quinine in a hot aqueous 
solution of 10 parts of arsenous acid, evaporating at 20° C. (68° P.) and crystallizing. 
This is a white crystalline powder, containing 69 per cent, of quinine (theoretically), 
slightly soluble in cold and very soluble in hot water. Employed as antiperiodio in 
doses 0.005 to 0.01 6m, (1-13 to 14 grain). 
QUININE DI-HYDROCHLORIDE CARBAMATE. (C2OH24NaOa). HCI+CO(NHa)aHCL 
Synonyms: Chininum amidato-biohloratum; Chininum bimuriatioum car- 
bamidatum. 
This double salt is obtained by dissolving molecular quantities of quinine hydro- 
chloride and urea chloride (CO(NHa)a. HCI) in boiling water and crystallizing. Forms 
colorless, soluble, crystals, containing 70 per cent, of quinine. Especially adapted for 
subcutaneous injections. 
QUININE FERRI-CHLORIDE. 
This forms dark-brown scales or reddish-brown, hygroscopic powder soluble in 
water and alcohol. Recommended as haemostatic for external and internal use ; ex- 
ternally dusted over the bleeding surface ; used in a 2# solution in uterine haemorrhage. 
QUININE HYDRO-CHLOR-SULPHATE, (CaOHa4TSraOa)aHCl.HaSO4+3HaO. 
Quinine hydrochloride and bisulphate are dissolved, in molecular proportions, in 
warm water, evaporated and crystallized. Colorless crystals, soluble in 1 part of 
water; recommended for subcutaneous injection. 
QUININE HYDRIODATE. See lodic Acid. 
QUININE SALICYLATE. .C7H803-1-H2O. 
An alcoholic solution of freshly precipitated quinine is saturated with an alcoholic 
solution of salicylic acid and crystallized, or 10 parts of quinine sulphate and parts 
of sodium salicylate are added to 120 parts of water and heated to boiling; on cooling 
the quinine salicylate crystallizes out. Forms fine, white needles, soluble in 225 parts 
of water. Employed as an antipyretic in typhus; also used in rheumatism and gout 
in doses of 0.1 to 0.5 6m. (IHs to 8 grains). 
QUININE TANNATE. 
Obtained by precipitating an aqueous solution of a quinine salt with tannic acid. 
Forms a yellowish-white amorphous powder, of only a slightly bitter and astringent 
taste, containing 30 to 32# of quinine, and only very slightly soluble in water. Em- 
ployed in diarrhoea, whooping-cough, etc., in doses of 0.3 to 0.5 Gm. (3 to 8 grains). 
QUINOSOL. 
A quinoline compound said to possess bactericidal and antiseptic properties of 
considerable power. It is reported to act as an antiseptic in solutions as dilute as Ito 
40,000. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
67 
QUIONIN. 
A substitute offered for quinine. It is said to consist of 90 per cent, of side “bark” 
alkaloids and a small percentage of quinine. 
RESACETIN. 
An unknown salt of oxy-phenyl-acetic acid. 
/J-RESALGIN (Resorcylalgin). 
This is obtained by the action of potassium resorcylate on antipyrin, the former 
being obtained by heating resorcin 1 part and potassium bicarbonate 5 parts together 
with 10 parts of water. Resalgin forms crystalline needles, which melt at 115° c 
(339° F.), soluble in 150 parts of cold and 30 parts of boiling water, and readily soluble 
in alcohol, ether and chloroform Nothing definite is known concerning its medicinal 
properties and dose. 
RESOL. See under Cresol, 
New disinfectant obtained by saponifying 1,000 parts of tar with 200 parts of caustic 
potash, and adding 200 parts of any indifferent substance, methylie alcohol, for in- 
stance. 
RESOPYRIN. CuH12N20+C6H4(OH)2 (?). 
A solution of 11 parts of resorcin in 33 parts of water is mixed with a solution of 
30 part' of autipyrine in 90 parts of water, the resulting precipitate (resopyrin) is 
collected and recrystallized from alcohol. Forms colorless crystals, insoluble in water 
and soluble in alcohol. The medicinal properties of this body have not been deter- 
mined. 
RESORBIN. 
This is proposed as an ointment base, being prepared by emulsifying almond oil 
and water with yellow wax, gelatine and soap; it is said to possess great penetrating 
power, but is open to the objection that ointments prepared with it do not keep. * 
RESORCIN. C„H4(OH)s. 
Synonyms: Resorcinol; Meta-dihydroxy-benzene. 
This is obtained on fusing many resins (umbelliferous), also m-pheriol-sulphonio 
acid, also m-benzene-disulphonio acid, with potash; the fused mass is acidified with 
hydrochloric acid and the resorcin extracted with ether. For description see U.S.P. 
Internally it is employed in gastritis, gastric ulcers, affections of the larynx generally ; 
dose, 0.3 to 0.5 Gm. (3 to 8 grains). Externally in diphtheria as a resorcin glycerols 
(10#) for topical application, as an ointment (5 to 35#) in various skin diseases. 
RESORCINOL. 
This term “ resorcinol ” has been applied by chemists to resorcin, in compliance 
with the rules of modern chemical nomenclature. Unfortunately, the same title has 
been given to an amorphous, brown powder which is prepared by triturating together 
equal parts of resorcin and iodoform. It is recommended as an application to gangren- 
ous sores, ulcers, chancres, etc.; diluted with starch it is used as a dusting powder (s#); 
also as ointment of sto 15# strength. It is soluble in ether and partly soluble in alcohol 
and water. The caustic action of theiesorcin and the unpleasant odor and toxic 
effects of the iodoform are lost in this preparation. Resorcinol is recommended as an 
antiseptic. 
RETINOL. (COBOL.) 
Obtained as a product of the destructive distillation of resin (colophony). Retinol 
forms a yellowish, fluorescent, oily liquid of sp. gr. 0.900, boiling between 240° to 380° C. 
(464° to 536° F.). Employed as a solvent for various organic bodies as iodol, aristol, 
camphor, cocaine, codeine, phenol, phosphorus, creosote, etc. 
RHEIN. See Chrysophanio Acid. 
RHINALGIN. 
A nasal suppository containing cacao butter, alumnol, menthol and oil of valerian. 
Recommended in coryza. 
RHODALLIN. SeeThiosinamine. 
RUBIDIUM-AMMONIUM BROMIDE. (RbBr.3NH4Br.) 
This double salt forms a yellowish-white powder of a saline taste, soluble in water, 
used as a sedative and hypnotic in epilepsy in doses of 4 to 6 Gm. (60 to 90 grains;. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
68 
RUBIDIUM lODIDE. Rb I. 
Forms colorless cubical crystals which are readily soluble in water. Employed in 
the same instances where the potassium or sodium iodide is indicated, possessing the 
advantage of not causing gastric and other disturbances which usually accompany the 
administration of these salts in large quantities. Dose, 0.13 Gm. (3 grains). 
RUBIDIUM TARTRATE (RbC4H6O6) and BROMIDE. 
Form transparent soluble crystals, and, like the corresponding caesium salts, these 
are serviceable in cardiac paltipations of nervous origin. The dose of either is U.i« to 
0.30 Gm. (3 to 5 grains). 
RUBROL. 
A solution of boric acid, thymol, and a coal tar derivative (?) in water, recom 
mended as a gonorrhoeal injection. 
R U MICIN. See Chrysophanio Acid. 
SACCHARIN. C„H4 < >NH. 
Synonyms; Benzoyl-sulphonic-imide; Orthosulphamine-benzoic-anhy- 
dride; Gluside; Glucusimide. 
Saccharin is an intensely sweet principle prepared from toluene (CeHsCHg) by first 
converting this into the mixture of mono-sulphonio acids, which, by the action of 
phosphorus pentachloride, are converted into the corresponding toluene-sulphonic 
chlorides. By the action of ammonia the ortho compound is converted into sulpha- 
min benzoic acid, which by oxidation yields the above imide (Saccharin). The pure 
ortho compound forms a white crystalline powder, which possesses 500 times the 
sweetening power of cane sugar; it is soluble in about 400 parts of water (15° V.). 
more so in alcohol and glycerin (1:30), readily soluble in water in presence of alkalies 
(NaHCO3). Mixed with water and neutralized with sodium bicarbonate, it forms the 
soluble sodium salt, “ soluble gluside” or "soluble saccharin.” The chief use of sac- 
charin is as a sweetening agent in the food of diabetic patients. A syrup of saccharin 
may be prepared by dissolving saccharin 10 Gm.. sodium bicarbonate 13 Gm., in 1,000 
Co. of water. Syrup of saccharin may be employed in many mixtures where cane- 
sugar syrup is inadmissable. 
OH 
SALACETOL. CII< 
COOCH2COCH3. 
Synonym; Salioyl-Acetol. 
A compound differing from salol in the replacement of the phenyl group (C6H6) by 
the acetone radical (GH2-CO-CHa); introduced as a substitute for salol in order tc 
avoid the elimination of phenol in the organism. It is prepared by interaction 
between monochlor acetone and sodium salicylate. Forms fine needle-like crystals or 
scales, melting at 71° C. (159.8° P.). insoluble in cold water, slightly soluble in cold 
alcohol, freely soluble in hot alcohol, ether and chloroform. By action of alkalies it 
yields up its salicylic acid (about 71%). Salaoetol is employed in all instances where 
salol is indicated, in doses of 3 to 3 Gm. (30 to 45 grains). 
SALACTOL. 
A preparation consisting of the sodium salts of salicylic and lactic acids has been 
introduced under this name, and when dissolved in a 1% solution of hydrogen peroxide 
it is recommended as an efficient remedy for diphtheria. The solution is applied to the 
throat with a brush every four hours, and in the intervals the solution is used as a 
gargle. It is also stated to act as a prophylactic. 
SALAZO LO N. Same as Salipyrin. See under Antipyrine. 
SALIOYL-ACETOL. See Salaoetol. 
SALICYLAMIDE. C,H4 <°H 
CONHa, 
This compound differs from salicylic acid in the replacement of the hydroxyl of the 
carboxyl group by the amldo radicle (NH2), Obtained by the action of concentrated 
ammonia on salicylic-methyl-ester (oil of wintergreen), yielding colorless, inodorous 
and tasteless crystals, melting at 138° C. (280.4° F.), soluble in 250 parts of water, 
readily so in alcohol and ether. Salioylamide possesses the same therapeutical prop- 
erties as salicylic acid, having the advantage of being tasteless, more soluble and 
acting more readily in smaller doses. Dose, 0.13 to 0.3 Gm. (2 to 5 grains). 
SALICYL-ANILID. See Salifebrin. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
69 
SALICYL-PHENETIDINE. See Malakin. 
SALICYL-p-PHENETIDINE. See Saliphen. 
SALIC YL-SULPHURIC ACID. See Sulpho-Salicylio Acid. 
SALICYLIC-ALCOHOL. See Saligenin. 
SALICYLIC NAPHTHYLIC ETHER. See Betol. 
SALICYLIDEN PHENETIDINE. See Malakin. 
SALIFEBRIN, OR SALICYLANILID. 
A preparation of salicylic acid and acetanilid, in which both constituents are 
probably fused together and powdered. Forms a white powder, soluble in alcohol, 
insoluble in water. Recommended as an antineuralgic and antipyretic. 
No authoritative dose has been given. 
SALIGENIN. (Salicylic alcohol.) C 6H4(OH)CH2OH. 
.An oxy-benzoyl-aloohol, obtained by the action of acids or ferments (emulsin, 
saliva, etc.) on salicin, a glueoside. This same reaction takes place in the human 
organism when salicin is fatten internally, yielding, however, only 43 per cent, of sali- 
genin. A dose of 13 Gm. (3 drachms) of salicin corresponds to about 4.3 Gm. (60 l-£ 
grains) of saligenin. It will be seen that saligenin, which constitutes the activity, is 
an excellent substitute for salicin in the treatment of malaria, rheumatism, typhus, 
etc. Saligenin crystallizes in colorless scales or needles, melting at 86° C. (186.8° F.), 
of a slightly bitter taste, soluble in alcohol and water. It is now prepared synthetic- 
ally through the condensation of phenol with formaldehyde. 
SALINAPHTHOL. See Betol. 
OC2H6 
SALIPHEN. C 6H4 < 
NH.C6H4(OH)CO. 
Synonyms; Salicyl-p-phenetidine. 
Obtained by the action of salicylic acid on phenetidine in the presence of phos- 
phorus trichloride._ Forms colorless crystals, melting at 139.5° C. (383° F.), insoluble in 
water, but soluble in alcohol. Its slight antifebrile action has not brought it into any 
favor. 
SALIPYRA2OLI N. Same as Salipyrin. See under Antipyrin. 
SALITHYMOL. C 6H4 <gHQ 
A thymol ester of salicylic acid, prepared by the action of phosphorus trichloride 
on molecular quantities of sodium salicylate and thymol sodium. Salithymol forms a 
white crystalline powder, of sweet taste, insoluble in water, very soluble in alcohol 
and ether. It is recommended as an antiseptic. 
SALOCOLL. See under Phenocoll. 
. OH 
SALOL. C 6H4< 
COO C 8H6. 
Synonym: Phenyl Salicylate. 
This phenyl ester of salicylic acid is obtained by the action of sodium salicylate on 
sodium phenylate in the presence of phosphorus oxychloride or phosgene. The 
reaction product is thoroughly washed with water and crystallized from alcohol. For 
description see U S. P. Salol, when taken, passes unabsorbed through the stomach 
into the intestines, where, under the influence of alkaline secretions, it is split up into 
salicylic acid and phenol; to this dissociation its value as an intestinal disinfectant in 
case of dysentery, cholera, etc., is due. In view of this peculiarity, salol is employed 
for coating pills* which are intended to act only in the intestines. As an antirheu- 
matic its dose is 1 to 3 Gm. (15 to 30 grains), in diarrhoea and intestinal troubles of 
children 0.13 to 0.19 Gm. (3 to 3 grains); as an antiseptic and deodorant externally in 
the form of dusting-powder (1:3), being diluted with starch or talcum, ointment or 
collodion (1: to ether 4 and collodion 30). 
SALOL CAMPHOR is made by mixing 3 parts of salol with 3 parts of camphor, 
both in fine powder, fusing and filtering the product. It forms a colorless, oily liquid, 
insoluble in water, soluble in ether, chloroform and the oils; by the action of light 
and air it undergoes decomposition. Employed locally as an antiseptic. 
* Uoblentz’ Handbook of Pharmacy, p. 329, 70 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
DI-lODO-SALOL, CgH2T2(OH)COaC6H5. the phenyl ester of di-iodo-salicylic acid. 
Is obtained by the condensation of di-iodo-salicylio acid with phenol. Forms an ino- 
dorous, tasteless, crystalline powder, melting at 133° C. (371.4° P.); employed in treat- 
ment of skin diseases. 
NITRO-SALOL. C 6H4(OH)COa.CeH4N02, salicylic-p-nitro phenyl-ester, is obtained 
by condensation of salicylic acid with p-nitrophenol. Forms a yellowish, inodorous 
and tasteless crystalline powder, melting at 148° C. (398.4° F.), insoluble in water, and 
soluble in alcohol and ether. In the intestines it is split up into its constituents. Em- 
ployed in the manufacture of salophen. 
TRIBROM SALOL (C6H4(OH)COO.CeHgBr3) is a valuable intestinal antiseptic, 
soluble in alkaline secretions, that is, it is decomposed into tribromphenol and salicylic 
acid in passing through the body. 
SALOPHEN. C 6H4(OH)C03.C,H4NH.COCH3. 
Synonyms: Acetyl-p-amido-phenyl salicylate; Acet-p-amido-salol. 
This body was introduced as a substitute for salol in order to avoid effects result- 
ing from the liberation of phenol in the organism, salophen being split up in the intes- 
tines into salicylic acid and acetyl p-amldophenol. Obtained by the reduction and 
acetification of salicylic-p-nitro-phenol (nitro salol), 0eH4(OH)CO2.CeH4NO2. yielding 
colorless crystals melting at 187° to 188° O. (368.6° to 370.4° F.), insoluble in water, 
soluble in alcohol and ether, the alcoholic solution being colored violet by ferric 
chloride. Employed as an antineuralgio and antirheumatic in doses of Ito 3 Qm. (15 
to 30 grams). Lately recommended as a specific in influenza with nervous complica- 
tions. in doses of 0.5 6m. (8 grains) every two hours. For children, doses of 0.25 Gm. (4 
grains), every three hours. 
SALUBRiNE. 
A composition hailing from Sweden, and containing, according to Hager, 3 per 
cent of anhydrous acetic acid. 35 per cent, of acetic ether, 50 per cent, of alcohol, and 
the balance of distilled water. It is antiseptic, astringent and haemostatic, and is 
used, diluted with water, as a gargle, and on compresses. 
SALUMIN (insoluble). (C6U4(OH)COO)6AIa+3II2O. 
Synonym ; Aluminum salicylate. 
Obtained as an insoluble precipitate by interaction between solutions of a salt of 
aluminum and sodium salicylate. Forms a reddish-white, insoluble powder, which ia 
employed as a dusting-powder in catarrhal affections of the nose and pharynx. 
SALUMIN (soluble). (C6H4(ONH4)COO)6AI!I+3H!IO. 
Synonym: Aluminum-ammonium salicylate. 
On treating “salumin” with ammonia “soluble salumin” is obtained. 
Employed for same purposes as Salumin. 
SAN ATO L. See under Cresol. 
SANGUINAL. 
Prepared by defibrinating fresh blood and evaporating to a pilular extract, in 
, which condition it is made up into pills, each of which is said to represent 5 Cc. of 
fresh blood. The composition of the extract is said to be 46 parts of peptonized 
muscle albumin, 44 parts of blood salts and 10 parts of oxyhaemoglobin. 
SANTONINOXIM. CasH18Oa.NOH. 
Santonin sp„ hydroxylamine hydrochlorate 4p„ calcium carbonate 4p., and alcohol 
50p., are boiled from 6 to 7 hours in a flask with reflux condenser,* filtering and 
pouring into 5 times its volume of water, whereby santoninoxim separates. Forms 
white crystals, insoluble in cold water, soluble in alcohol, ether, fats and fatty oils, 
melts at 316° to 217° 0. (430.8° to 432.6° F). Because of its comparatively non-toxic 
nature it is preferred to santonin as an anthelmintic; dose for children from 2 to 3 
years 0.06 Gm. (1 grain), from 4 to 6 years 0.09 Gm. grains), from 6to 9 years 0.13 
Gm. (3 grains) in two doses about one hour apart, followed by a purgative. 
SAPOCARBOL. See under Cresol. 
SAPROL. See under Cresol. 
* Cobpbntz’ Handbook of Pharmacy, p. 94. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
71 
SCLEROTIC ACID (Dragendorff’s). 
A faintly acid hygroscopic powder obtained from ergot, it is inodorous, tasteless 
and readily soluble in water. Recommended for injection as a substitute for ergotin 
in epilepsy, inferior to ergot in gyna;cology. Dose, grain. 
SCOPOLAMINE. SeeHyoscine. 
SECALOSE. 
A carbohydrate obtained from green rye. It is soluble in water, from which it is 
precipitated by alcohol. Desiccated over sulphuric acid it forms a white powder which 
is very hygrometric. By inversion it is converted into laevulose. 
SEDATIN. See under Phenetidine. 
SENECINE. 
An elixir prepared from the Senecio Jacoboea. recommended as an emmenagogue. 
Not to be confused with the alkaloid of the Senecio vulgaris. 
SEPTENTRIONALIN. 
An alkaloid prenared from the Aconitum septentrionale, recommended as an antidote 
in strychnia poisoning, also in treatment of tetanus and hydrophobia. 
SERUM PASTE. 
The freshly prepared serum from ox-blood is thoroughly mixed with 25 per cent, of 
zinc oxide and sterilized at 70° 0. in a thermostat. When painted over denuded or 
diseased surfaces, it dries readily, leaving a film which may be readily removed by 
washing with water. 
SERUM POWDER. 
A mixture of freshly prepared serum and zinc oxide (25#) is spread on glass plates 
and dried, then finely powdered and sterilized at 100° C. Recommended as an anti- 
septic dusting-powder to be employed alone or mixed with iodoform. 
SILVER FLUORIDE. (AgFI,) 
This forms a brown, glassy hygroscopic mass, very soluble in water. Used as an 
antiseptic in anthrax infections. 
SILVER 10DATES. See lodic Acid. 
SODIUM SALTS. 
Only the most important of the new salts are enumerated. 
JETHYLATE, CHg.CHaONa, is formed by the action of metallic sodium upon 
absolute alcohol. It forms a white powder, of caustic taste, soluble in alcohol and 
water. Employed in treatment of skin diseases, as psoriasis, lupus, etc., painting the 
parts with a 10 per cent, aqueous solution. 
ANISATE, CeH4(OCH3)COONa. Anisic acid is obtained by oxidizing anethol 
(main constituent of anise oil) with a mixture of sulphuric acid and potassium bichro- 
mate; the sodium salt is made by neutralizing an aqueous solution of this acid with 
sodium carbonate, evaporating and crystallizing. Sodium anisate forms a soluble 
crystalline powder, which is recommended as a substitute for sodium salicylate, being 
an antirheumatic and antipyretic. 
AURO-CHLORIDE, AuCls.NaCI-f-2HaC). A double salt of gold and sodium 
chloride, forming a golden-yellow hygroscopic powder, readily soluble in water and 
partly in alcohol. Employed in syphilitic diseases, the dose being 0.016 to 0.06 Gm. 04 
to 1 grain). » 
CHLOROB OR ATE is obtained by reaction between boron terchloride and sodium 
hydrate. It form-s a soluble white crystalline powder, possessing powerful antiseptic 
properties. 
CINNAMATE (C6H6CH=CHOOONa), a white crystalline powder, soluble in water, 
Recommended in 6 per cent, sterilized solutions, hypodermically and internally in 
treatment of tuberculosis. 
DI-lODO-SALICTLA TE. [C«Ha(OH)I2.+COONa]a4-SHaO. Diiodosalicylic acid is 
obtained by the action of iodine and iodic acid on salicylic acid in alcoholic solution; 
the sodium salt of this acid is obtained by neutralization with sodium carbonate. This 
salt forms white crystalline scales, which are soluble in 50 parts of water. Employed 
as an analgesic, antipyretic and antiseptic in doses of 0.5 to 1 Gm. (8 to 15 grains). 
DI~TEIO-SALZGTLATE, I. and 11, See Di-thio-salioylic Acid. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
ICE TEY OL-S ULPH ON A TE. See under Ichthyol. 
10DATE. See lodic Acid. 
NAPETEOLA TE. See Miorocidin. 
PARA-CREBOTA TE. This is a fine, white, crystalline powder, of a bitter taste, 
soluble in 24 parts of water. It is employed as an antiseptic and antirheumatic, the 
daily total dose being 2 to 6 Gm. (30 to 90 grains). 
PEENOL-SJJLPEO-RIGINA TE. is a solution of 4 parts of sodium ricinate (q. v.) 
in 1 part of carbolic acid. A caustic fluid recommended in treatment of diphtheria. 
PEENOSECCINATE. The sodium salt of phenosuccin Is prepared by warming 
succinamin with soda solution. It forms a white powder, readily soluble in water. It 
is to be preferred to phenosuccin itself from a therapeutic point of view, and may be 
administered in doses of 0.5 to 3 Gm. {TA to 46 grains) as an antipyretic and antineu- 
ralgic. 
SILICO-FLEORIDE. (NaF)2SiF4. A white crystalline powder, which is only 
very slightly soluble in water. Employed in aqueous solution (2 :1,000) as an antiseptic 
wash. 
SELF 0 CAFFE ATE. Since the introduction of the sulpho group decreases the 
medicinal potency in phenol groups, the same was tried here with success. Bitter, 
crystalline, slightly soluble in cold water; non-toxic, does not irritate the stomach. 
Solutions containing more than 5$ are not stable. Besides above sodo, lithium and 
strontium salts are prepared. A powerful diuretic. Dose, 1 Gm. in capsule. 
BELPEO-RICINA TE, (Solvin, Polysolve). By the action of concentrated sul- 
phuric acid on the triglycerides of the fatty acids, or the fatty acids themselves, sulpho- 
ricinio acid is formed; this on neutralization with sodium hydrate gives the above 
named salt. This is a brownish, syrupy liquid, which is soluble in alcohol and water. 
Employed as a solvent for iodine, iodoform, etc. 
SULPEOSALICYLA TE. CeHs(OH) <C^gQ*3^a Salicyl sulphonic acid is ob- 
tained by the action of sulphuric acid on salicylic acid ; this product is then only 
partly neutralized with sodium carbonate, resulting in the saturation of the sulphonio- 
acid group only. This salt forms a white crystalline powder, of a slightly acid and 
astringent taste, soluble in 25 p, of water and insoluble in alcohol and ether. Pro- 
posed as a substitute for sodium salicylate. 
SELPHO-TEIOPEENE. See Thiophene Sulphonate. 
SULPHO TTIMENOLA TE. See Tumenol. 
TELL ERA TE. See Potassium Tellurate. 
TETRABORATE. This salt contains sfs each of boric acid and sodium biborate. 
It is readily soluble in water and is used as an antiseptic in place of boric acid, usually 
applied locally in 16$ solutions. 
TEIOPEENE-SELPEONATE. C 4H3S—S03Na, is obtained by neutralizing thio" 
phene-sulphonio acid with sodium carbonate. It is a white crystalline powder, of un- 
pleasant odor, soluble in water, and contains 33$ of sulphur. Employed in prurigo, as 
a 5 to 10$ ointment. 
TEMENOL-S ELPEONA TE. See Tumenol. 
SOLANIN. C 42 
A principle which occurs in the berries, flowering tops and fruits of various solana- 
ceous plants. Obtained from the aqueous acidulated extract of potato-sprouts by- 
making alkaline with ammonia and shaking with ether. Solanin occurs in colorless 
acicular crystals, melting at 235° C. (455° F.), bitter taste, insoluble in water, and but 
slightly in alcohol. 
Recommended in doses of 0.01 to 0.06 Gm. (1-6 to 1 grain) as an analgesic in neural- 
gia, also in bronchitis and asthma. 
SOLPHINOL. 
A mixture of borax, boric acid and alkali sulphites. Used as an antiseptic. 
SOLUTOL. See under Cresol. 
SO LV EO L. See under Cresol. 
S O LVIN. See Sodium Sulpho-ricinate. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
73 
SOMATOSE. 
A preparation in which the albumenoids and nutritive constituents of flesh are 
converted into soluble albumoses, 5 parts of somatose representing 30 parts of beef in 
nutritive value. Forms a pale yellowish powder which is readily soluble in water, 
forming an almost odorless and tasteless solution. 
Employed as a food for patients afflicted with weak digestion, being given 15 to 
30 Gm. (or % to 1 ounce) in milk, cocoa or soup. 
SOMNAL. C 7H12C1303N. 
An ethylated compound of chloral and urethane, forming a clear colorless liquid of 
burning taste. Kecommended as a hypnotic in doses of 15 to 30 minims. 
SOZAL. (C6H4(OH)SOa)3AI. 
Synonym: Aluminum-para-phenol-sulphonate. 
Obtained by dissolving aluminum hydroxide in para-phenol-sulphonic acid. Forms 
a crystalline powder, soluble in water, glycerine and alcohol, possesses an astringent 
taste and a phenol-like odor. Its aqueous solution is colored violet by ferric chloride, 
and precipitates albumen, soluble in excess of the latter. 
Employed in solution (1$) as a wash for tubercular ulcers and nurulent affections. 
SOZOIODOL. See Sozoiodolic Acid. 
SOZOIODOLIC ACID. C 6H2T2(OH)S03H. 
Synonyms; Sozoiodol; Di-iodo-para-phenol-sul phonic Acid. 
This is obtained by the interaction between a solution of potassium para-phenol- 
salnhonate in dilute hydrochloric acid and a solution of potassium iodide and iodate 
(SKI-fKIO3) in molecular proportions. The acid potassium salt which crystallizes out 
is treated with the necessary amount of sulphuric acid,whereby sozoiodol is liberated. 
Sozoiodol crystallizes from water in acicular prisms with 3 molecules of water, 
readily soluble in water, alcohol and glycerin. 
Solutions of this compound give a violet-blue coloration with ferric salts. Sozo- 
iodol is employed as an antiseptic, being usually used in 3or 3 per cent, solutions. It 
is also employed as a dusting-powder, containing 5 to 10 and 30$ diluted with powdered 
French chalk or starch. 
MERCURY SOZOIODOL, C 6H2I2(OH)Sf)3)2Hg, forms a lemon yellow powder, 
obtained by interaction between concentrated aqueous solutions of sozoiodol sodium 
and mercuric nitrate. This compound is soluble in 500 parts of water, readily soluble 
in a solution of sodium chloride. It is employed chiefly in the specific treatment of 
syphilis locally and subcutaneously. The 3.5 per cent, solution, or 1% ointment or 
dusting powder, is the usual strength of dispensing. 
POTASSIUM AJSD SODIUM SOZOIODOL, CeH2T2(OH)S03K (or Na)+3H2o, are 
obtained by saturating the sozoiodolic acid with either potassium or sodium carbonate 
and crystallizing. Of these the potassium salt is soluble in 50, and the sodium salt in 
14 parts of water. The aqueous solutions of these compounds gradually darken on 
exposure to light. These compounds are employed in like manner to sozoiodolic 
acid. 
• O SOZOIODOL, (CBH2T2(OH)SO3)2Zn-T6H20, forms colorless crystals, soluble 
m3O parts of water: employed in medicine as the above. 
SOZOLIC ACID. SeeAseptol. 
SPARTEINE. Cl 6H26N2. 
An alkaloid which occurs with scoparine in the tops of Spartium scoparium. _ It 
forms a volatile oily liquid which boils at 388° C. (550.4° F.), unites with acids, forming 
stable crystalline salts. 
SULPHATE. ((C]5H26N2)2H2504+4H20). Colorless, odorless, slightly hygroscopic 
crystals, soluble in water and alcohol. 
Employed as a heart-tonic, like digitalis, in doses of 0.01 to 0.03 Gm. (1-6 to 1-3 gram). 
SPASMOTIN. C2OH2100. 
Synonyms • Sphacelotoxin, Spasmotoxine. 
A poisonous principle extracted from ergot, soluble in alcohol and ether, insoluble 
in water. It is said to represent the action of ergot. Dose, 0.033 to 0.1 Gm. to 
grains). 
SPASMOTOXINE. See Spasmotin. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
SPERM IN. (CHa)aNH. 
. A base belonging to the class of leucomaines, obtained from the seminal fluid of 
animals. A readily soluble, crystalline substance, which is usually obtained in the 
form of the hydrochlorate. A 2 per cent, solution is employed subcutaneously in 
quantities of 14 to 1 Oc. (8 to 16 minims) once daily in treatment of nervous diseases 
complicated with anaemia. 
SPHACELOTOXIN. See Spasmotin. 
STERESOL. 
A brown, thick liquid, obtained by dissolving shellac 270 parts, gum benzoin 10 
parts, balsam tolu 10 parts, phenol 100 parts, oil of cinnamon 6 parts, and saccharin 6 
parts in alcohol sufficient to make 1,000 parts. Recommended as an antiseptic varnish 
for tubercular sores and various skin diseases. 
STRONTIUM SALTS. 
These salts have been recommended as preferable to the corresponding salts of 
sodium or potassium for the same diseases on the ground of being better borne by the 
system. The bromide, carbonate, iodide and lactate are most frequently used. 
STROPHANTHIN. CaoH34olo or C3lH48013(f 
The active principle (a glucoside) of tl j seeds of the species of Strophanthus. 
Forms a white crystalline powder, melting at 185° C. (365° F.), soluble in 40 parts of 
water (18° C.), readily in alcohol. Strophanthin is employed as a substitute for digitalis, 
being free from all disturbing effects upon the respiratory centres and producing less 
gastric disturbance. Dose, 0.0002 to 0.0003 Gm. (1-300 to 1-20 D grain). Very powerful; 
should be used with great caution. Antidotes, aconite and veratrum viride. Com- 
mercial strophanthin is quite variable in strength, hence uncertain in effect. 
STYPTICIN. 
A yellow crystalline substance, which is especially recommended for checking 
uterine hemorrhages, 0.2 Gm, (3 grains) of a 10 percent, solution being injected into 
the gluteal region. In profuse menstruation 0.025 Gm. grains) of the remedy aie 
administered five times daily for four days before the expected period. 
STYRACOL. See under Guaiacol. 
SULFINIDUM ABSOLUTUM. 
Absolutely pure saccharin, free from isomers. See Saccharin. 
SULPHAMINOL. C 6H4 <|H> C 6H3OH. 
Synonym; Thio-oxy-diphenylamine. 
Obtained by boiling meta-oxy-diphenylamine with sulphur and caustic soda solu- 
tion, and precipitating with a solution of ammonium chloride. Sulphaminol forms an 
inodorous, pale yellow powder, melting at 155° C. (311° F.). insoluble in water, soluble 
in alkali solutions, alcohol and glacial acetic acid. Employed as a substitue for iodo- 
form, used as a deodorizing antiseptic for both internal and external use; it readily 
breaks up, yielding phenol and sulphur. Internally employed in cystitis, dose being 
0.35 Gm. (about 4 grains). 
SULPHONAL. (CH3)aC(SOaCaHS)a. 
Synonym; Di-ethyl-sulphon-dimethy 1-methane. 
Through a mixture of anhydrous ethyl-mercaptan (C3HSSH) and acetone (CHS- 
CO-CH3). dry hydrochloric acid gas is passed, resulting in the condensation product 
mercaptal (di-thio-ethyl-di-methyl-methane). which on oxidation yields sulphonal. 
Forms colorless permanent crystals, melting at 125° to 126° C. (257° to 258.8° F.), 
soluble in 500 parts of cold and 15 parts of boiling water, in 65 parts of cold and 3 parts 
of boiling alcohol. 
Employed as a valuable hypnotic in doses of 1 to 3 Gm. (la to 30 grains). 
SULPHO-SALICYLIC ACID. C 6H3(S03H)(0H)C00H. 
Synonym: Salicyl-Sulphuric Acid. 
This is prepared by the action of fuming sulphuric acid on salicylic acid; it forms 
white crystals, which are soluble in water and alcohol. Employed as a substitute for 
sodium salicylate in treatment of articular rheumatism. This compound is a valuable 
reagent for proteids, albumins and peptones. An albumose or peptone is precipitated, 
but redissoiyes oft boiling the solution, while albumin or globulin does not. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
75 
SULPHO-TUMENOLIC ACID. See Tumenol. 
SULPHURIC ACID PASTE. 
A caustic application composed of a mixture of equal parts of sulphuric acid and 
powdered saffron, the latter being employed because of the finely subdivided condi- 
tion of -the carbon yielded. 
SYMPHOROL. See Sodium Sulphocaffeate. 
SYNDETICON. 
A varnish prepared by dissolving 100 parts of fish glue in 125 parts of acetic acid 
(glacial), mixing with a solution of 20 parts of gelatine in 125 parts of water. This solu- 
tion is then mixed with 20 parts of shellac varnish (concentrated alcoholic solution of 
shellac). 
TANNAL (Insoluble). Al2(OH)4(C14H909)2+10n30. 
Synonym: Aluminum basic tannate. 
Formed by precipitating a solution of an aluminum salt with a solution of tannic 
acid in presence of an alkali. Tannal is a brownish-yellow, insoluble powder, em- 
ployed as an astringent in catarrh of the respiratory organs. 
TANNAL (Soluble). Al2(C4n606)2(C14H905)2-l-61120. 
Synonym: Aluminum tannic-tartrate. 
Obtained by treating insoluble tannal with tartaric acid, yielding a brownish 
yellow soluble powder, which is employed for the same purpose as the above. 
TANNIGEN. 
Synonym: Diacetyl Tannin. 
An acetic ester of tannic acid, prepared by the action of acetic anhydride on 
tannin dissolved in glacial acetic acid. Forms a yellowish-gray, odorless and taste- 
less. hygroscopic powder, insoluble in water, only slightly soluble in ether, very soluble 
in alcohol. Its solutions are colored blue black by ferric chloride and decomposed by 
alkalies. Tannigen is recommended in treatment of chronic diarrhoea, acting as an 
intestinal astringent, since owing to its insolubility it passes through the stomach into 
the intestines, where in presence of the alkaline secretions it is broken up into its con- 
stituents. 
TARTARLITHINE. 
This is an effervescent salt, the lithium analogue of cream of tartar, containing 
none of the additional alkaline salts common to the granular effervescent preparations. 
It is recommended as a uric acid solvent, in place of the other salts of lithium, for 
gout, rheumatism and all the manifestations of urio-acidaemia, and is presented in 
tablet form. 
Dose: One or two of the 5 grain tablets, dissolved in a goblet of water, may be 
taken on a reasonably empty stomach, four times a day. Tartarlithine is intended to 
increase the alkalinity of the blood, by giving vegetable acid up to a point where it will 
contribute an alkalinity more effective than alkalies as such, for the elimination of 
uric acid. 
TARTARLITHINE AND SULPHUR is prepared with equal parts of Tartar- 
lithine and precipitated Sulphur, compressed into 5 grain tablets. Indicated in the treat- 
ment of chronic sore throat, chronic bronchitis accompanied with copious secretions; 
in digestive difficulties due to disordered action of the liver, which ultimately lead to 
litluemia and si ructural lesions, in addition to many benefits as a pulmonary or intes- 
tinal disinfectant. This combination of sulphur, probably after absorption, favors the 
bile-producing function of the liver, since taurocholic acid normally contains a large 
proportion of sulphur. It is prescribed in diseases of the nails, the scalp, and generally 
in superficial skin diseases. 
Dose : Same as Tartarlithine. 
TEREBENE. ClOn16(?). 
This is produced by the action of concentrated sulphuric acid upon oil of turpen- 
tine and repeated distillation for purification. It consists of a mixture of oamphene, 
cymene, borneol and terpilene. For description see U. S. P. Terebene is an agree- 
able antiseptic, disinfectant and deodorizer, a 5 per cent, aqueous solution forming a 
very serviceable surgical dressing, while its vapor is inhaled in treatment of bronchial 
affections and pulmonary tuberculosis. Internally, in doses of sto 0 drops in emul- 
sion or tablet form, it acts as an expectorant. 76 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
TERPIN HYDRATE. ClOH18(OH)2-fH2O. 
A mixture of rectified turpentine oil (4 pts.), alcohol (3 pts.) and nitric acid (1 pt.) 
is set aside in a shallow porcelain dish for several days; crystals of terpin hydrate 
separate, and these are reorystallized from 95# alcohol. For description see U.S.P. 
p. 404. 
Employed as expectorant in bronchitis and chronic nephritis, in doses of 0.3 to 0.4 
Gm. (3 to 6 grains). 
TERPINOL. 
By the distillation of terpin hydrate with dilute sulphuric acid, terpinol is obtained; 
this consists of a mixture of terpineol (C10H17OH) an alcohol, and three torpenes (ClO 
Hl6), cerpinene, terpineolene and dipentene. Terpinol is an oily liquid, of hyaointhine 
odor, boiling at 168° C., sp. gr. 0.853, insoluble in water and soluble in alcohol and 
Employed as a bronchial stimulant in floses of 05to 1 Gm. (8 to 15 grains). Ter- 
pinol is sometimes used to mask the odor of iodoform. 
TERROLiNE. 
A name for a special brand of petroleum jelly. 
TETRA-ETHYL-AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE. (C2H6)4N.OH. 
This forms a hygroscopic, crystalline salt, bitter taste, and very soluble in water. 
Recommended as a uric acid solvent, being administered in doses of 10 to 15 minims of 
a 10 per cent, solution. 
TERTIARY AMYL ALCOHOL. See Amylenum Hydratum. 
TETRA-HYDRO-BETA-NAPHTHYLAMINE. See Thermin. 
TETRA-HYDRO-PARA-CHINANISOL. See Thalline. 
TETRA-lODOPHENOL-PHTALEIN. SeeNosophen. 
TETRA-lODO-PYRROL. See lodol. 
TETRA-THIO-DICHLOR-SALICYLIC ACID. (S2=C6H(CI)(OH)COOH)2. 
1 This is obtained by heating salicylic acid (87.6 p.) with sulphuryl chloride (55. p.). 
It forms a reddish-yellow powder, which is soluble in aqueous solutions of the alkalies. 
It is employed chiefly as an antiseptic dusting powder. 
TET RONAL. (C2H5)2.C.(502C2116)2. 
Synonym; Di-ethyl-sulphon-di-ethyl-methane. 
An analogue of sulphonal and trional, differing in the possession of four ethyl 
groups, while the former contains two and the latter three. The method of prepara- 
tion is the same as that of sulphonal, only that di-ethyl-ketone (' '2H6-00-r2H6) is em- 
ployed in place of acetone. This compound forms colorless, crystalline scales, melting 
at 89° C. (193.2° F.), soluble in 450 parts of cold water, readily in alcohol and ether. 
Tetronai is employed as a hypnotic in doses of 1 to 3 Gm. (15 to 30 grains). 
TEUCRIN. 
The purified extract of Toucrium scandium sterilized in small glass tubes. It forms 
a dark-brown fluid ot pungent taste. Employed in treatment of tuberculous abscesses, 
fungous adenitis, lupus, etc. producing local active hyperasmia and organic reaction 
that arrests development of these diseases. Dose, hypodermically, 50 minims ; locally, 
10 grains as ointment with lanolin, once daily. 
THALLINE. C 9H10N(OCH3). 
Synonym: Tetra-hydro-para-cbinanisol. 
This liqiud base, a chlnolin derivative, is obtained by heating a mixture of 'para- 
amido-anisol, para-nitro-anisol, glycerin and sulphuric acid at 150° O'.; from the reaction 
product after being rendered alkaline, para-chinanisol is distihed off, this on treatment 
with reducing-agents takes up four hydrogen atoms, forming the base thalline. This 
forms an oily liquid of strongly basic properties, uniting with acids, forming salts. 
THALLINE SULPHATE forms a white, crystalline powder, soluble in 7 parts of 
cold water, 100 parts of alcohol and insoluble in ether. Oxidizing agents, as the halo- 
gens, argentic and mercuric nitrate, ferric chloride, etc., produce a bright green color. 
Internally thalline sulphate is an antipyretic in doses of 0.139 to 0.5 Gm. (2 to 8 grains); 
externally as an antiseptic injection (4 to 8 grains to the ounce). 
THALLINE TARTRA TE is a yellowish, crystalline powder, soluble in 10 parts 
of cold water, almost insoluble in alcohol and ether. Employed for like purposes as 
the sulphate. THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
77 
THECBROMIN. C 7HBN402. 
An alkaloid occurring in the seeds of Tkeobroma cacao (1.550, obtained from the 
pressed cacao mass by mixing with slake I lime and exhausting with 8# boiling alcohol. 
It is a white crystalline powder, slightly soluble in water, alcohol and ether. Theo- 
bromin is a homologue of caffeine, differing in containing one CH2 group less ; it unites 
readily with alkalies forming soluble salts (see Diuretin). Because of its insolubility, 
theobromine is unsuitable for use, but is employed in form of a double salt. In physio- 
logical action it resembles caffeine, being, however, free from any irritating action on 
the nerve centers. 
THEOBROMIN-LITHIUM-LITHIUM-SALICYLATE. See Uropherin. 
THERMIFUGIN. C 9H7N(CH3)(OH)COONa. 
Synonym ; Methyl-trihydro-oxychinolin-carboxylate of sodium. 
This compound forms colorless crystals, which are readily soluble in water, the 
solution becoming brown on standing. Employed as an antipyretic in doses of 0.1 to 
0.25 Gm. (1.5 to 3.8 grains), 
THERMIN. CioHji,NH2. 
Synonyms: Tetrahydro-b-naphthylamine. 
Obtained by the action of metallic sodium on a solution of b naphthylamin in amyl 
alcohol. Thermin is a colorless liquid which with hydrochloric acid form s colorless, 
soluble crystals, which melt at 287° C. (4tB 6° F.). Kecommended by Pilehne as a 
mydriatic; further, nothing definite is known concerning this substance. 
THERMODIN. CO. OC2TT5 .NCOH4OCCH3. OC2II6. 
Synonym; Acetyl-para-ethoxy-phenyl-urethane. 
This derivative of urethane was introduced to replace neurodine, which is too 
powerful and rapid in its effects. Thermodin is a white crystalline powder, melts at 
86° to 88° C. (186.8° to 190.4° P.), and is almost insoluble in cold water. Kecommended 
as a mild antipyretic, free from any unpleasant effects ; given in doses of 0.32 to 1 Gm. 
(5 to 15 grains). 
THERMOTAXINE. 
A proprietary analgesic and antipyretic. 
THILANIN. 
This is a sulphurated lanolin, obtained by heating lanolin with sulphur at 230° C., 
and subsequently washing. It forms a brown unctuous mass, which contains about 3 
per cent, of sulphur. Thiianin is employed as an application in various skin diseases. 
THIOFORM. See Dithiosalieylic Acids. 
THIOL. 
A synthetic product of hydrocarbons obtained in a similar manner to ichthyol. 
The tarry oils obtained by the destructive distillation of peat are heated with sulphur 
at high temperature, the unsaturated hydrocarbons which unite with the sulphur are 
removed and by the action of sulphuric acid at a low temperature converted into sul- 
phonated compounds called thiol, which is then purified by washing and dialysis and 
evaporated (in vacuo) to an extractive consistence (Thiolum Liquidum) or to dryness 
(Thiolum Siccum. 
Thiol forms either a brownish-black, thick liquid (containing about 25 per cent, of 
dry residue) or a brownish-black powder, which is soluble in water and alcohol. It is 
precipitated from its aqueous solutions by mineral acids, metallic salts or alkali earths. 
Thiol is employed in the treatment of various skin diseases, its discoverers recom- 
mending it as a substitute for ichthyol. As an ointment the strength usually em- 
ployed is 10 to 50 per cent. The dry thiol, which is about 2% times the strength of the 
liquid, when mixed with starch is used as a dusting powder. Internal dose is 0.13 to 
0.6 Gm. (2 to 10 grains.). 
THIOLIN. See Thiolinic Acid. 
THIOLINIC ACID. 
Synonym: Thiolin. 
This is prepared by boiling together linseed oil (6 p.) and sulphur (1 p.); the sul- 
phurated linseed oil which is thereby formed is warmed with sulphuric acid until 
solution takes place, the oily product is poured into water and washed to remove the 
sulphuric and sulphurous acids. 
Thiolinic acid forms a dark-green mass, of extractive consistency, and a peculiar 
mustard-like odor, insoluble in water, but soluble in alcohol. 
The sodium salt, which constitutes a soluble powder, is preferred to the above. 
The medicinal properties of thiolin are similar to those of thiol and ichthyol. 
THIO-OXY-DIPHFNYLAMINE. See Sulphaminol. 78 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
THIOPHENE Dl-lODIDE. C 4H212S. 
Obtained by the action of iodine and iodic acid on thiophene. Forms crystalline 
plates, insoluble in water, very soluble in chloroform, ether and warm alcohol, melting 
at 40.5° O. (104.9° P.); containing 75.5 per cent, of iodine and 9.5 per cent, of sulphur. 
Thiophene di-iodide is employed externally as a powder and gauze in all instances 
where iodoform might be applied. 
THIORESORCIN. C 6H4(OS)2. 
A sulphur derivative of resorcin, obtained by fusing one molecule of resorcin with 
two molecules of sulphur. A yellowish gray powder, insoluble in water; recom- 
mended as an iodoform substitute, but its use is followed by unpleasant symptoms. 
THIOSALICYLIC ACID. C 6H4(SH)COOH. 
This is prepared from amido-benzoic acid, (CBH4(NH2)COOH, by the action of 
nitrous acid and su phu: etted hydrogen. It is employed like salicylic and sulpho-sali- 
cylio acids as an antiseptic. -* 
THIOSAPOL. ClBH34S03. 
A sulphuretted soap, prepared by heating unsaturated fats or fat acids such as 
oleic acid, with sulphur to a temperature of 120° to 160° G. Sulphur enters into com- 
bination, the product containing about 10 per cent. Soap containing sulphur in this 
state of combination is very serviceable in treatment of skin diseases. 
THIOSINAMINE. CS(NH2)NH.C3HS. 
Synonyms: Allyl-sulpho-urea; Rhodallin; Allyl-sulpho-carbamide. 
On heating a mixture of mustard oil (3p.), alcohol (3p.) and ammonia (6p.) at a 
temperature of 50° C.. the pungent odor of the oil disappears, and on cooling crystals 
of thiosinamine are deposited. This forms colorless crystals of a slight alliaceous 
odor, melting at 74° C. (165.2° P.), very soluble in alcohol, water and ether. 
Employed in treatment of lupus, in form of subcutaneous injections of 15 to 20£ 
alcoholic solution. 
THIURET. C 8H7N3S3. 
A sulphurated compound obtained by the oxidation of phenyl-dithio-biuret (r8ll» 
K3S2). Forms a light, inodorous, crystalline powder, insoluble in water, quite soluble 
in alcohol and ether; in contact with alkalies (warmed) jt gives up its sulphur. 
Thiuret, because of its kalyseptic and germicidal properties, is recommended as a sub- 
stitute for iodoform. Various salts of thiuret have been prepared such as the phenol- 
sulphona'e, hydrochloride, hydrobromide, salicylate, etc. These are more soluble in 
water than the base, and insoluble in ether and the oils. Their aqueous solutions give 
a violet coloration with ferric chloride and a white precipitate of the base (thiuret) on 
addition of aqua ammonise. 
THYMACETiN. c3^l7 > 3CO). 
By the action of nitric acid, thymol is converted into nitro-thymol, from which a 
sodium salt is prepared, this on heating with ethyl chloride under pressure yields 
nitro-thymol-ethyl-ether, which on reduction and acetiflcation yields thymaoetin. 
This forms a white crystalline powder, melting at 136° C. (276 8° P.). slightly soluble in 
water and freely in alcohol. Employed in treatment of neuralgia in doses of 0.19 to 
0.64 Gm. (3 to 10 grains); it is said to produce unpleasant effects. 
THYMENTHOL. 
A proprietary antiseptic. 
THYMOZONE. 
A proprietary antiseptic. 
THYRADEN. (Extractum Thyreodem-Haaf.) 
This preparation is an extract of the thyroid gland, prepared acc trding to an 
improved method by Dr. Haaf. It is said to possess all the active principles of the 
gland. Its non-toxic property and lack of odor are claimed as chief advantages over 
other similar preparations. It is so diluted with sugar of milk that one part of the 
extract is equivalent to two parts of the fresh glands. 
THYROPROTEIN. 
Notkine has recently isolated from the thyroid body an albuminoid which in prop- 
erties and composition differs from all other albuminoids hitherto described. Under 
certain conditions this new body splits up, yielding a carbohydrate which is trans- THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
79 
formed with difficulty into a reducing: substance. With a fairly strong: solution of ferric 
chloride the albuminoid assume* a gelatinous consistence ; tannin precipitates it in the 
form of thick flakes or as a transparent gelatinous substance, according to the strength 
of the solution. It dissolves in weak acids, and is precipitated by alcohol, the precipi- 
tate rapidly becoming insoluble in water. The author has named this substance 
“thyroprotein.” Irom experiments on animals it appears to be very toxic, and is 
slowly eliminated. It acts at first as an excitant, afterward as a paralyzant, probably 
on the central nervous system. The author regards this albuminoid as identical with 
the poison which accumulates in the organism after the extirpation of the thyroid 
body : it is therefore not a secretion of the gland, but a toxalbumin which it is the 
function of the thyroid gland to neutralize by means of the peculiar ferment it elabo- 
rates. and so prevent the accumulation of the poison in the animal organism. 
TOLYL-ANTIPYRIN. See Tolypyrin. 
TOLY PYRIN. C 6H4CH3N <C n0H3HCCH3. 
Synonyms; Tolylantipyrin; Beta-tolyl-dimethyl-pyrazolon. 
Antipyrin is the phenyl (C6HS) derivative of di N CCH ) 
while tolypyrine is the tolyl (C6H4C3H) derivative of the same, or the latter may be 
considered as antipyrin in which one hydrogen atom of the phenyl radicle is replaced 
by a methyl group. This compound forms colorless crystals, melting at 136° to 137° C. 
(276.8° to 278.6° F.), soluble in 10 parts of water, readily in alcohol and insoluble in 
ether. Tolypyrin gives the same color reactions with ferric chloride and nitrous acid 
as antipyrine, and. like the latter, is employed as an antipyretic, antirheumatic and 
antineuralgic in the same doses, 0.5 to 2 Gm. (8 to 30 grams). 
TOLYPYRIN SALICYLATE. SeeTolysal. 
TOLYSAL. C 6H4CH3V <S.CCH3.C7H6O2. 
Synonym; Tolypyrin Salicylate. 
Obtained by fusing together equimoleoular quantities of tolypyrin and salicylic 
acid and crystallizing from alcohol. Forms colorless crystals, melting at 101° to 102° C. 
(21 18° to 215.6° F.), almost insoluble in water and readily soluble in alcohol. - 
Employed in chronic and acute rheumatism and rheumatic neuralgia in doses of 1 
to 2 Gm. (15 to 30 grains.). 
TRAUMATOL. C 7H710. 
An iodocresol. of purple-red color, obtained by the action of iodine on cresol. It 
is expected to find use as a substitute for iodoform, being odorless, non-toxic, anti 
septic and non-irritating. 
TREFUSIA. 
A dark red-brown, soluble, granular powder, obtained by drying defibrinated 
blood. Employed as a natural iron albuminate in chlorosis. 
TRI-BROM-ALDEHYDE HYDRATE. See Bromal Hydrate. 
TRI-BROM-ANILIN HYDROBROMIDE. See Bromamide. 
TRI-BROM-PHENOL. See Bromol. 
TRI-BROM-SALOL. See under Saloi. 
TRI-CHLOR-ACETIC ACID. CCl3COOH. 
This is obtained by the action of chlorine on glacial acetic acid, or by the oxidation 
of anhydrous chloral by means of fuming nitric acid. 
Trichloracetic acid occurs in colorless, rhombic crystals, very hygroscopic, of a 
slightly penetrating odor; melting at 55° C. (131° S’.). Very soluble in water and 
alcohol. 
It is employed as a caustic in 10 to 50 per cent, solution, also as a test reagent for 
albumin in urine.* 
TRICHLORPHENOL. See under Chlorphenol. 
TRICRESOL. See under Cresol. 
* Coblentz’s Handbook of Pharmacy, p. 474. 80 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
TRICRESOLAMINE. 
A mixture of equal parts of ethylene-diamine and tricresol. Used as an antiseptic. 
TRIFORMAL. See Formalin. 
TRI-lODO-META-CRESOL. See Losophan. 
TRI-METHYL-ETHYLENE. See Pental. 
TRIONAL. C 2H5.CH3.C.(S02C21I5)2. 
Synonym; Di-ethyl-sulphon-methyl-ethyl-methane. 
This is an analogue of sulphonal and differs in the substitution of a methvl bv an 
ethyl group (see Tetronal) The method of preparation is the same as that of su?- 
phonal, only that methyl-ethyl-ketone (CH3-CO-G2Hs)is employed in place of acetone 
nrwna f?'m| col'pj'less. shining, tabular crystals, melting at 76° 0. (168.8° F.), soluble 
in 320 parts of cold and freely in hot water, very soluble in alcohol and ether This 
compound is a more powerful hypnotic than sulphonal and is less liable to produce ill 
effects. It is preferred to tetronal as a reliable and safe hypnotic. Dose Ito 2 Gm 
(15 to 30 grains). ’ 
TRI PH ENIN. CeH4C2USO.NH(CH3.CH2CO). 
TMs is a homologue of phenacetin, forming an insoluble powder, melting at 120° C. 
(248° F.j. It is recommended as an antipyretic and antineuralgic in doses of 0.3 to 0.6 
Gm. (4.5 to 10 grains). 
TROPA-COCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE. C 8C8nSCO)HCI. 
Synonym; Benzoyl-pseudotropein hydrochloride. 
This alkaloid occurs with cocaine and other bases in the small Java coca leaves ; 
prepared synthetically by Liebermann. Forms white needles, melting at 271° C. 
(619 8° F.), and is readily soluble in water. Tropacocaine in 2or 3 per cent, solutions 
produces more rapid anaesthesia, is less toxic, and more reliable than cocaine (Ferdi- 
nando and Chadbourne). 
TUMENOL. 
Synonym: Sulphotumenolic Acid. 
This compound, which is closely allied to iohthyol, is obtained by treating (sulphon- 
ating) the unsaturated hydrocarbons of mineral oils with sulphuric acid, the resulting 
product is dissolved in water and separated in pure form by the addition of salt. The 
tumenol-sulphonic acid thus obtained is known as “Commercial Tumenol,” being a 
dark-brown, almost black, acid fluid; this on being neutralized with soda and ex- 
tracted with ether, yields the "Tumenol-Sulphone” (Tumenol Oil), which is a thick, 
dark yellow, syrupy fluid, with a bitter taste and insoluble in water. This latter is 
prepared in the powder form, known as “ Tumenol-Sulphonio Acid,” being of dark 
color, inodorous, slightly bitter, and readily soluble in water. Tumenol is employed in 
treatment of all forms of pruritis and also eczema, either as a 5 to 10 per cent, solution 
(ether-alcohol, water or glycerin) ointment, paste or dusting-powder. The tumenol 
oil is frequently painted directly over the diseased surfaces. 
SODIUM TUMENOL-SULPIIONA TE is a combination of sulphotumenolic acid 
and sodium. A dark-colored, dry powder, soluble in water, and applied in all instances 
above cited. 
TUSSOL. 
Synonym: Antipyrine Mandelate or Phenyl-glycolate. 
This new salt of antipyrine is recommended as being superior to antipyrine itself 
in the treatment of whooping cough. Given in doses of 0.05 to 0.1 Gm. (7-10 to 146 
grains) for children under one year of age; 0.1 Gm. (1)4 grains) for 1 to 2 years; 0.23 to 
0.4 Gm. (3.8 to 6 grains) for 2 to 4 years, and 0.5 Gm. (8 grains) for 5 years and above. 
ULYPTOL. 
Synonym: Eulyptol. 
This is a name given to a mixture of phenol 1 part, salicylic acid 6 parts, and euca- 
lyptus oil 1 part. 
URALINE. See TJralium. 
URALIUM. CC13CH:OH.NHC02C2H6. 
Synonyms; Chloral Urethane; Uraline. 
To a solution of urethane (q. v.) in melted chloral hydrate, concentrated hydro 
chloric acid is added; after 24 hours it congeals to a solid mass, which is then washed 
jyith sulphuric acid, followed by water, leaving an oil. which, on standing, crystallizes, THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
81 
Urnlium constitutes a white pow.der, melting at 108° O. (217.4° F.), insoluble in cold 
water, very soluble in alcohol and ether; when boiled with water it decomposes into 
chloral and urethane. Recommended as a hypnotic in doses of 3 to 3 Gm (30 to 43 
grains). 
URETHANE. CO <oc2Hs 
Synonym: Ethyl-Urethane; Ethyl Carbamate. 
This compound, an ethyl ether of carbamio acid (CO < oil2 ) is obtained by 
heating a salt of urea with ethyl alcohol under pressure at a temperature of 120° to 
130° C. Forms colorless, odorless prisms or scales, melting at 50° to 51° C. (123° to 
123.8° F.) soluble in 1 part of water. 0.(3 part of alcohol, 1 part of ether and 1.5 parts of 
chloroform. Urethane is an excellent hypnotic, being free from by or after effects ; 
dose is Ito 2 Gm. (15 to 30 grains.) 
UROPHERIN C7TT7V402Li+C 6H4(OH)COOLi. 
Synonyms: Lithium Diuretin ; Theobromine-lithium-lithium-Salicylate. 
This double salt is analogous to diuretin, differing only in the substitution of 
lithium for sodium. It is prepared by rubbing together theobromine with lithium 
hydroxide and an equivalent quantity of lithium salicylate, with sufficient water and 
then dried. It is a white powder soluble in 5 parts of water. Employed as a diuretic 
in doses of 1 Gm. (15 grains). 
UTROPIN. (CH2)6K-4. 
Synonym; Hexa-methylene-tetramin. 
A compound produced by the action of formaldehyde on ammonia. Urotropin 
increases the excretion of the urine and of uric acid, the solution of the urates begin- 
ning within 24 hours of the ingestion of the medicament. It may be given in doses of 
6 Gm. (90 grains) daily to adults, the single dose being from 1 to 1.5 Gm. (15 to 33 
grains). 
VALERYL-PHENETIDINE. See under Phenetidine. 
VANILLIN. C 6H30H.0CH3.CHO. 
Synonym: Methyl-protocateohuio aldehyde. 
This odorous principle, which is found in the vanilla pods, also occurs in small 
quantities in gum benzoin, asparagus, raw beet sugar and the wood of many plants. 
Synthetically prepared from ooniferin. a glucoside, and also from eugenol. Vanillin 
occurs in acioular crystals, melting at 80° to 81° C (170 to 177.8° F.). soluble in alcohol, 
glycerin, ether and chloroform, only slightly soluble in water, it possesses the odor 
and taste of vanillin. Employed chiefly as an odoriferous and flavoring agent. 
VASELON. 
Solution of stearin and margarin in neutral mineral oil. Ointment base. 
VASOGEN. 
A new ointment basis which has been introduced in Germany. It is said to_ be an 
oxygenated vaseline (vaseline with free oxygen), but another statement is that it con 
tains about 25 per cent, of olein, saponified with anhydrous ammonia and mixed with 
vaseline, and brought to a suitable consistency with vaseline oil. 
ViCOSIN. 
A mixture of caramel and extract of saponaria, used for producing a permanent 
foam on beer. 
VIERIN. 
An amorphous, white, bitter principle, of aromatic odor, obtained from the bark 
of Remizia vellozii. It melts at 120° C. (248° F.). and is readily soluble in alcohol and 
chloroform. Employed as a quinine substitute in doses of 0.1 to 0.3 Gm. (l] 4 to 3 
grains). 
VUTRIN. 
A concentrated meat extract in powder form, one part of which represents the 
nutritive value of four parts of beef. 82 
THE NEWER REMEDIES. 
XYLENOL-SALOLS. C 6H4(OH)COO C,H,(CH,)a. 
By the action of dehydrating agents upon a mixture of equal molecules of sali- 
cylic acid and xylenol (o-m-or-p.), ortho, meta or para-xylenoi salicylates are formed. 
These are insoluble in water and soluble in alcohol; employed like salol as intestinal 
disinfectants. 
ZAPON LAC. 
A new quick-drying lac or varnish which consists of gun cotton dissolved in a 
mixture of amjl acetate and amylio alcohol. It is coming into use in pharmacy abroad 
as a varnish for unguent boxes, etc., especially the new and elegant celluloid boxes. 
ZINC COMPOUNDS. 
BORATE. ZH8407+7H20. Prepared by interaction between hot solutions of 5 
parts of zinc sulphate in 50 parts of water and 4 parts of borax in 100 parts of water 
An amorphous, white powder, which is employed as an antiseptic dusting powder for 
wounds. 
CHRYSOPHANATE. Forms a brownish-red powder, which is readily soluble in 
water which has been rendered slightly alkaline. Recommended as antiseptic dusting 
powder. 
GYNOGARDATE. A yellow, granular powder, insoluble in water and dilute 
acids, readily soluble in alcohol and ether. Recommended in treatment of psoriasis, 
prurigo and other skin diseases. 
ITTEMOL. See under Hasmol. 
IODA TE. See lodic Acid. 
MERCURIC-CYANIDE. Zn4Hg(Cn)10. A white insoluble powder recommended 
as a non-irritating antiseptic. 
PENMANGAEA TE. Occurs in crystals closely resembling those of the potassium 
salt; hygroscopic and soluble in water. This salt is employed in all instances where 
zinc sulphate is indicated; its solutions being of the strength 0.05 Gm. to 200 Cc. of 
water (7-10 grain to 6.8 fid. ozs). Care should be taken not to triturate this salt with 
organic substances or dispense it in solutions containing alcohol or organic extracts 
(See Coblentz’s Handbook of Pharmacy, pp. 392-396). 
SALICYLATE. (C7H5Os)2Zn-}-H2O. Sodium salicylate 34 parts and zinc sulphate 
29 parts are boiled for a short time with 125 parts of water ; on cooling a solid crystal- 
line mass separates, which, after washing with a little cold water, is recrystallized. 
Forms colorless crystals which are soluble in 25,2 parts of cold and readily in boiling 
water, soluble in 36 parts of ether and 3,5 parts of alcohol. Recommended as anti- 
septic dusting powder and wash in various skin diseases. 
SOZOIODOL. (CcHsTAOrOSOalaZn+fillsO. See under Sozoiodol. 
SUBGALLATE is an odorless, non-toxic, non-irritant, greenish-gray, neutral 
powder, insoluble in the ordinary solvents, containing 44 per cent, of zinc oxide, and 
56 per cent, of gallic acid. Used internally and externally. Internally it is recom- 
mended in doses of 4 grains (0.03 to 0 25 Gm.) in fermentiye disorders of the 
intestines and in night sweets. Externally, it has been used in eczema, fresh and 
septic wounds, otorrhea, gonorrhea and hemorrhoids. It is applied pure or diluted 
with indifferent powders or ointments. As an injection it is suspended in water and 
mucilage, 1 to 16. 
SULPIIOGAEB OLA TE. C6II4(0H)503)2Zn+Bn20. By the action of concentrated 
sulphuric acid on phenol at 90° G., para-pheuol-sulphonio acid is formed; this is neu- 
tralized with barium carbonate, and the resulting barium sulphooarbolate on being 
brought into reaction with an equivalent amount of zinc sulphate in solution yields 
zinc sulphocarbolate and the insoluble barium sulphate. The filtrate is evaporated 
and crystallized. This salt forms colorless, rhombic prisms or scales, soluble in water 
and alcohol. Employed as an antiseptic wash in all instances where zinc sulphate or 
carbolic acid is indicated. 
SULPRYDPA TE. Zn(SH)2. A white precipitate, which should be kept under 
water, since it readily decomposes on becoming dry. Recommended by Barduzzi 
externally ana internally in the treatment of chronic eczema, psoriasis and vegeto- 
parasitic dermatoses. Internally the dose is 0.03 to 0.13 Gm. 04 to 2 grains), externally 
in ointment form (10%) combined with lanolin and lard f2;3). 
ZYMOIDiN. 
Said to be composed of the oxides of zinc, bismuth, and aluminum with iodine, 
boric acid, carbolic acid, gallic acid, salicylic acid, quinine, etc. Recommended as an 
antiseptic in the form of dusting powder, ointment, solution or bougie. THE NEWER REMEDIES 
OF BOTANICAL ORIGIN OR THE PRODUCTS OF THE 
CHEMICAL OR BACTERIOLOGICAL LABORATORY 
CAN ALWAYS BE OBTAINED FROM 
LEHN & FINK, SSSSSSf New York. 
Standard Remedies. 
As a safe and reliable Hypnotic Chloral- 
amid is held in high esteem. When in 
somnia is not due to severe pain or ex 
treme mental excitement, but caused by 
or associated with nervousness, neurasthenia, hysteria, chronic alcohol- 
ism, the remedy is productive of the happiest effects. The dose is 30 
to 45 grains administered an hour before the time sleep is desired. 
Pamphlets containing clinical reports, and samples mailed on request. 
CHLORALAMID 
SCHERING. 
To obtain the best effect from chloralamid 
it is necessary to dispense it in convenient 
solution, and knowing that this sometimes 
offers difficulty to those unfamiliar with all 
the facts regarding chloralamid—and that the remedy consequently fails 
of effect from no intrinsic fault, we have prepared this Elixir of Chloral- 
amid, an elegant preparation: a clear and perfect solution, and palatable. 
Each tablespoonful of Elixir contains one gramme (15 grains) of 
Chloralamid Scherin g. 
ELIXIR 
CHLORALAMID 
Recent observations independently 
made by a number of physicians give 
Phenocoll a prominent place in the 
list of malaria specifics. It has 
proved successful where quinine has 
been clinically inefficacious. See writings of Albertoni, Golgi, Cerna, 
Ribet, James Rigney {Med. and Surg. Rep., Nov. 30th, ’95), etc. Given in 
daily doses of 45 grains in three portions. In Whooping Cough, Dr. A. 
Martinez Vargas, Professor of Pediatrics, Barcelona, has used Phenocoll 
with the most satisfactory results. It quickly diminishes the intensity 
and frequency of the attacks and lessens the tendency to other com- 
plaints, its salutary action in most cases being apparent within 12 hours. 
Administered in sweetened solution in water ; daily quantity Ito 2 
grammes. 
PHENOCOLL 
HYDROCHLORIDE 
SCHERING. 
LEHN & FINK, 
NEWYORK. The characteristic property of this compound 
of dissolving uric acid and urate concretions, 
forming freely soluble urates, accounts for the 
beneficial results and consequent extended use 
in the treatment of uric acid diathesis, gout, arthritis and renal colic. 
Dose, 1 gramme per day, dissolved in a quart of carbonated water, which 
patient may drink ad libitum. 
PIPERAZIN 
SCHERING. 
For the convenience of physicians we supply 
Schermg’s Piperazin Water, a mildly carbonized 
water containing one gramme each of Piper- 
azin and Phenocoll, yielding a preparation of 
double effect: First, the pain-relieving action 
of phenocoll, and second, the uric acid solvent (radical curative) action 
of Piperazin. The dose per day is the contents of one bottle of Pipera- 
zin Water, the best effect being obtained by drinking it in wineglass- 
fuls at frequent intervals during the day. The water should be kept at a 
moderately warm temperature, as the system will then assimilate it more 
readily. 
PIPERAZIN 
WATER 
SCHERING 
Is the salicylic acid salt of Antipyrin in a 
stable form. It acts promptly and never 
fails in Influenza and Rheumatic Affections. 
It has been proven to be free from the untoward side effects often 
exhibited by Antipyrin and exercises a quieting influence on the nervous 
system. 
SALIPYRIN 
RIEDEL. 
Is a synthetical product containing 12 per cent of 
sulphur. It is chemically identical with Ichthyol and 
therapeutically superior because pure, uniform, odorless 
and non-toxic. It is free from the unpleasant odor of 
Ichthyol and does not stain linen; it is also free from the irritant effect 
which Ichthyol often manifests. Liquid Thiol is the staple form fox- 
regular use in salves, ointments, plasters, etc., for application in cutaneous 
affections. Ic is indicated for use as Alterative, Anodyne, Astringent, 
Resolvent, Antiphlogistic, Gastric and Renal Tonic, etc. 
THIOL 
RIEDEL. 
Is non toxic, it makes a clear solution in water and 
is superior to Carbolic Acid and Creolin as a bact* r 
icide; it is cheaper than Carbolic Acid because a 2 
per cent solution is equal to a 5 per cent solution of 
Carbolic Acid, crystals 
All these facts, borne out by the liberal contributions on the subject 
to current medical literature, have made Lysol the favorite antiseptic and 
disinfectant in obstetrical and surgical practice. 
A full descriptive pamphlet containing clinical reports and extracts 
on Lysol sent to physicians free on request. 
LYSOLUM 
PURUM 
LEHN & FINK, 
NEWYORK. Has gained the confidence of the medical 
profession. It has been in ever increasing 
demand since its introduction 10 years ago, 
because it is positively efficient and is readily 
borne by the digestive oi’gans. 
The dose for adults is one drachm three times a day, for children 10 
to BO drops generally taken with milk. 
ALBUMINATE 
OF IRON 
Dr. DREES’ 
FOR ANAEMIA AND CHLOROSIS 
Is highly esteemed as a digestive aid ; unlike 
Pepsin or Pancreatin, it will dissolve albumen 
and fibrine in neutral and alkaline media, and 
hence is active in both stomach and intestines. Dose, 3to 5 grains. Papain, 
L. & F., has yielded excellent results as a diphtheritic membrane solvent in 
5 per cent solution. 
Pamphlets on Papain, the Vegetable Pepsin, Its Origin, Properties 
and Uses, also Samples, mailed free on request. 
PAPAIN 
L& F. 
Prepared according to directions of 
the originator, Dr. P. G. Unna, the 
eminent dermatologist by P. Beiers- 
dorf & Co., Hamburg, Germany. 
Plaster Mulls are an ideal improve- 
ment on the ordinary spread plasters. The medicament is dissolved in a 
minimum quantity of a suitable vehicle, and is evenly spread on the 
thinnest possible layer of gutta-percha, backed by fine gauze (or mull). 
The gutta-perch a layer hermetically seals the covered skin surface and 
prevents transpiration (or exhalation) of the pores; thereby the' medica- 
ment is more deeply absorbed, and the therapeutic effect is more intense 
and powerful. The stratum of plaster is very thin, consisting of a non 
irritant vehicle and the medicament; the former in smallest possible pro 
portion, and the latter in exact dosage perfectly dissolved, so that every 
particle will act its full remedial part in every particular; these Plaster- 
Mulls are vastly superior to the old style thickly spread plasters and oint- 
ments. 
Unna’s Plaster-Mulls have been used and favorably endorsed by many 
authorities, such as: Nega, Will, Janowsky, McCall, Anderson, Frank, 
Morrison, J C. McGuire, Schwimmer, Chotzen, Bulkley, Borck, and 
many others. 
We supply Plaster Mulls in 1 metre rolls, in tin canisters. Price 
list mailed on application. 
PLASTER-MULLS 
Dr. 
FOR DERMATOLOGICAL USE. 
STREPTOCOCCUS 
ANTITOXIN 
GIBIER S 
Obtained from horses immunized 
against Streptococcus Erysipelatis. 
It is effectively employed in Septi. 
caemia, Puerperal Fever and Ery- 
sipelas. Put up in vials containing 25 ccm. 
LEHN & FINK, 
NEWYORK. Dr. Gibier’s preparation was the first American 
product employed successfully by the medical 
profession. It is now acknowledged by a ma- 
jority of prominent physicians to be the most 
reliable Diphtheria Antitoxin in this market, 
and is preferred to the European products. It is supplied in the highest 
degree of strength or immunizing power obtainable, each ccm. contain- 
ing over 300 antitoxic units. Put up in vials containing 25 ccm. 
DIPHTHERIA 
a’p|la 
G/B/ER’S 
The advantages of this product are: Primarily, 
it preserves its antitoxic qualities and resists 
deterioration for an indefinite length of time. 
Wherever the fresh Antidiphtheritic serum 
is not obtainable, this dry Antitoxin should 
be procured and held in reserve by the physi- 
cian or kept in stock by the druggist. It may be transported any dis 
tance without being injured by heat or frost. It is easily dissolved in 
sterilized water, and is at once ready for use. On account of the elimin- 
ation of certain principles of the serum from which the dry antitoxin is 
extracted it is expected that urticaria and other sequehe will not follow 
these injections. Directions: Add 25 ccm. sterilized water to the Anti- 
toxin in the vial and dissolve, aiding solution by shaking. 
DIPHTHERIA 
(dry) 
GIBIER’S 
A serum containing the Diphtheria and Strepto- 
coccus Antitoxins, obtained from one horse im- 
munized against both infections. It has been 
demonstrated that whenever simple Antitoxin 
has failed to act favorably, it was generally due 
to the presence of mixed infections. Gibier’s 
Dual Antitoxin is a serum taken from horses immunized against both 
diphtheria (1-100,000) and streptococcus erysipelatis. It is successfully 
employed in malignant diphtheria as well as in ordinary cases. Put up 
in vials containing 25 ccm. 
DOUBLE 
ANTITOXIN 
(new) 
G / BIER’S 
Is supplied in dry form only. It is not injured 
by changes of temperature ; it preserves its 
antitoxic qualities and resists deterioration 
for an indefinite length of time, if properly 
kept. It it put up in 25 ccm. bottles, 
each containing 8 grammes of Antitoxin. 
TETANUS 
ANTITOXIN 
G! BIER’S 
We are the sole wholesale agents for the sale 
of G-ibier’s Biological Preparations, made by the 
Biological and Vaccinal Department of the New 
York Pasteur Institute. Descriptive pamphlets, 
clinical reports, and all other information will be 
supplied on request. 
LEHN & FINK, 
NEWYORK. New York (3uinine 
AND 
Chemical \\ orks, 
(limited). 
QUININE ALOIN 
COCAINE CODEINE 
MORPHINE ACETANILID. 
And a General Assortment of Medicinal Chemicals. 
N ' 
Y 
Q 
Our products are unsurpassed in qual- 
ity and appearance, they are car- 
ried in stock by wholesale drug- 
gists generally, and your pref- 
erence is respectfully solicited. NEWER REMEDIES. 
JOHNSON &- JOHNSON. 
BOROFORM GAUZE, Linton Moist. 
BORO SALICYLATE OF lODOFORM. 
An efficient and pleasant substitute for iodoform. 
A compound of boric acid, salicylic acid and iodoform in the form 
of boro glyceride exhibiting the full powers of these antiseptics with- 
out their objectionable features. 
Non-poisonous, non-irritating, non-corrosive; free from unpleasant 
odor. Put up only in the form of gauze, Linton moist. 
In jars only, one and five yard. 
KOLAFRA PREPARATIONS. 
Holding in active form all the constituents of Kola (Cola acumi- 
nata). The Kola used in these preparations is gathered and prepared 
in the West Indies by special and original processes so as to retain all 
the principles which give to this drug its true value as a medicinal agent. 
VINO KOLAFRA. 
The constituents of fresh, West India Kola nuts and combined 
with choice, blended wine. 
KOLAFRA. 
A delicious table drink for breakfast, lunch or dinner. A substi- 
tute for tea, coffee, chocolate and cocoa. One teaspoonful to a small 
cup makes a delicious beverage. 
KOLOID TABLETS. 
A condensed Kola representing 40 grains of Kola in each tablet. 
FLUID KOLA. 
A fluid extract of Kola, each minim representing about one grain 
of select West India Kola. This is the most concentrated and reliable 
fluid preparation of Kola ever placed before the medical profession. 
Dose: Ten to thirty drops. 
Papoid, 1 ounce and 1-2 ounce bottles. Papoid Tablets, 100s. 
Papoid and Boracid Acid Tablets, 100s. Papoid and Nux Vomica, 100s. 
Papoid Glycerole, liquid, 4 ounce bottles. 
ESSENCE OF CARIKOLA. 
A solution of the active elements of Kola combined with the 
vegetable ferment, Papoid. In bottles. 
CARIKOLA TABLETS. 
Papoid and Kola in a tablet form, representing twenty grains of 
Kola, combined with one grain of Papoid, 100s. 
Literature upon Boroform Gauze, Kolafra Preparations and Papoid se"t upon application. 
JOHNSON & JOHNSON, 
NEW BRUNSWICK, N. J. 
NEWYORK OFFICE*. 
92 WILLIAM STREET, New York City. 
LONDON OFFICE I 
12a LONG LANE, London, England. 
OFFICES; CHICAGO. Til.; SAN FRANCISCO. Cal ; MONTREAL, Canada; 
HAMBURG, Germany; BARCELONA. Spain; 
BUENOS AYRES, South America; MELBOURNE, Australia. NO ACIDS OR 
LIQUIDS TO 
HANDLE. 
A Seasonable Novelty for 
the Druggist Trade. 
Made in two sizes. 
Price $8.50 and $3.50; 
trade discount 50 percent. 
Write for descriptive cir 
cular to the manufacturers, 
J. JONES £ SON, 
Wholesale Electrical 
i Sills, 
67 Cortlandt St , 
NEW YORK. 
A Necessity 
For The Dispenser. 
IT GIVES; 
A DOSE LIST OF 2160 REMEDIES 
DOSE EQUIVALENTS-showing amount 
of drug per dose in any mixture - 1 
oz to 1 pint. 
VETERINARY DOSES 
POISONS AND ANTIDOTES 
INCOMPATIBLES 
TABLE OF SOLUBILITIES-500 drugs. 
LATIN WORDS AND PHRASES 
TABLE OF DROPS IN FLUIDRAM 
METRIC SYSTEM AND EQUIVALENTS 
TABLE PERCENTAGE SOLUTIONS 
TABLE THERMOMETRIC EQUIVALENTS 
PRICE, 50 CENTS, POSTPAID. 
Q. 0. Haynes & Go., Publishers, 
106 Fulton Street, NEW YORK. An Investment 
which brings 
sure returns 
is ... . 
$5 
paid for a copy of 
THE 
ERA pORfIIJLARY. 
(5000 Formulas.) 
WITHIN its pages are working directions for making 
hundreds of articles and preparations—medicinal, 
toilet, veterinary, household and technical—which hun- 
dreds of people want. The book is the foundation for that 
profitable manufacturing department which should be a 
part of every drug store. It contains: 
800 Formulas for Unofficial Pharmaceutical Preparations. 
417 Formulas for Proprietary Preparations. 
1013 Formulas for Toilet Preparations. 
456 Formulas for Veterinary Remedies. 
772 Formulas for Family Medicines. 
495 Formulas for Household and Domestic Articles. 
389 Formulas for Technical and Industrial Processes. 
202 Formulas for Paints, Varnishes, Stains, etc. 
456 Formulas for Miscellaneous and Otherwise Unclassified Articles. 
Price $5.00 per copy, delivered to any part of the United States. 
D. O. HAYNES & CO., Publishers, 
106 Pulton Street, 
NEWYORK. RRRUNSGHWEIOER 
MU.MME, 
A Pure Malt Extract. 
A Substitute for Solid Food. 
Highest percentage of extract. Lowest per- 
centage of alcohol. An effective tonic. A mild 
stimulant. An agreeable beverage. 
Just what the physician will prescribe for 
Nursing Mothers, Convalescents, and victims 
<>f insomnia or nervous disorders resulting 
from impaired digestion and over-work. 
Bottled for sale and delivered anywhere 
by the 
LONG ISLAND BOTTLING CO. 
1 280=284 Bergen St,, Brooklyn. 
A FULL LINE 
OF 
our Soluble Hypodermic Tablets—one tube of each variety except- 
ing Pilocarpine, which at present is too costly for general use—in a 
neat, strong, leather case, holding 100 tubes (50 in a row), will enable 
you to successfully cater for the physician’s patronage. 
OUR HYPODERMICS 
are too well known to need extended comment. They are perfectly and 
quickly soluble. 
This full line case sells for $15.45, less regular trade discount. 
SHARP & DOHME, 
BALTIMORE. 
NEWYORK. 
CHICAGO. WHAT THE DRUG JOURNALS ARE DOING. 
From a careful study of copies of the four most prom- 
inent American drug journals for THREE MONTHS, the 
following table has been compiled:— 
Digest of Reading Pages only of four Leading 
Drug Journals for Three Months. 
No. 1. No. 3. No. 3. No. 4 
(ERA.) 
Number of Issues 13 6 3 3 
Total laches of Reading Matter 11.377 5,380 3,044 3,360 
Number of Illustrations 51 37 33 4 
Editorials (inches) 890 365 303 266 
Original Articles (inches), 3,570 395 185 165 
Reprinted Articles (inches).. 501 1,043 476 1.433 
On Pharmacy (inches) 901 513 379 546 
Question Box (inches) 909 131 197 430 
Question Box (titles) ’ 358 58 143 110 
Drug News (inches) 4,194 3,119 501 309 
Correspondence (inches) 318 39 60 22 
These facts speak for themselves, and are the besf 
possible proof of the superiority of the ERA over its so- 
called competitors. 
The ERA gives its readers more copies (62 yearly): 
more prompt service; a much greater quantity and larg 
variety of material; more original matter; less reprints 
more drug news, and more practical suggestions and real 
live “stuff” than any TWO (nearly as much as any 
THREE) of the other drug journals combined, and we offer 
ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS IN GOLD 
to anyone who can disprove this statement. 
THIS IS NO BLUFF-WE MEAN IT! 
Druggists are rapidly waking up to the fact 
THE ONLY WEEKLY PHARMACEUTICAL PAPER 
is the paper they must read if they want to keep up wither 
ahead of their competitors. 
D. O. HAYNES & CO., Publishers, 
New York. 
ONLY $2.00 PER ANNUM IN ADVANCE. 
A 32-PAGE MAGAZINE FOR 4 CENTS A COPY