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1 
CATALOGUE
OF THB
FLOWERING  PLANTS  AND FERNS,
OF  OHIO.
       BY
J. S. NEWBERRY, M.D.
      COLUMBUS:
RICHARD NEVINS, PRINTER.
         1860. 
j-\-TVT\e/r<.

 ox
K534o 
CATALOGUE
OF THE
FLOWERING  PLANTS   AND   FERNS   OF   OHIO.
  The following catalogue was prepared at the request of the Ohio State Medical
Society, and was presented and ordered to be published at the meeting in Cincin-
nati, 1854,  but by a miscarriage in the mail was not included in the proceedings
of that meeting.   Though presenting but an imperfect view of the  vegetation of
Ohio, as the first effort toward the formation of a complete  flora of the State, it
will perhaps not be thought by botanists to be entirely without value or interest.
It includes  many facts not yet in possession  of the public, and such as perhaps
would never be put on record in any other form.  When submitted to the Medical
Society this list of species formed but a portion of a report on the botany of the
State,  more particularly in its relations  to medicine.   That  report embraced  a
brief exposition of the generalities of the  geographical  botany of Ohio, with an
attempt to  deduce from the facts  then in my possession some  of the  influences
which have controlled the distribution of plants within our boundary lines ;  also,
from a point of view more strictly medical, a notice of some of the remedial agents
included in our flora.  The circumstances under which this catalogue is now pub-
lished forbid anything but the briefest possible allusion to the subject matters of
that report; and yet the value of a list of the plants inhabiting our State would
be greatly  enhanced if the distribution of the species over the different portions of
the area which they occupy were  also indicated, and the generalities at least of
the relations which the vegetation  sustains to the physical geography. 
4
    Some general idea of the influences which have determined the distribution  of
  species will perhaps be gained from the following brief extracts from the botanical
  report:
    " The causes which have controlled the distribution of plants over any portion
  of the earth's surface are intimately connected with, and often seem to center in,
  its geological and physical structure and its climate;  or more immediately in the
  chemical composition and mechanical structure of its soil; the prevailing tempera-
  ture ; and the average precipitation of moisture.   The  radiation of species  from
  their place or places of origin—which in the minds of some  naturalists has bad
  such controlling influence in  giving diversity to  the floras of  different continents,
  or even to distinct geographical districts of the same continent — has bad  no ap-
  preciable bearing on the distribution of plants within the limited area of the  State
  of Ohio;  an area which forms but  a part of another  and far  greater one  over
  which the vegetation has a common character,  and in  which  the  distribution of
  plants  has  been determined mainly, if not only, by local causes.  As  a single
  block, however, may be an essential part of a great and complicated structure so
  the florula of Ohio  will doubtless some day  be shown to be an indispensable   ele-
 ment in the  great systematic whole  of the flora of America, which future botanists,
 wiser than we,  will  be able to  portray not only  in all its internal symmetry, but in
 its relations to the present  vegetation  of  the  entire globe;  aud perhaps even to
 that  which existed on our  planet during the different geological periods.  With all
 that, however, we have at present nothing to do.  I do  not now know of a single
< plant which  is peculiar  to the surface of our State, though it is possible there are
 a few such.   The botanical importance of. the flora of Ohio consists exclusively,
 then, in the  grouping of its elements within this area, and  the  relations  of these
 groups to the floras  of adjacent and larger surfaces.   That  greatest diversifier of
 vegetation in districts of limited extent, altitude, has played  no part in the distri-
 bution of our plants, as there are no points within the State  which rise five hun-
 dred feet above the  average plane, and none that  are one thousand feet above the
 lowest.
   "Differences  of temperature, depending on  differences of  latitude, have  pro-
 duced more appreciable results, and it will be seen by reference  to the accompa-
 nying catalogue that the number of species restricted  to the northern or southern
portions of the State is considerable, though as  compared with those whose range
is general or restricted by other causes, it is small."
   " The influences which have affected the range of plants east and west  are, as
we shall see, quite as potent as those which act along the meridians of longitude.
These causes center  in the  differences of physical and  geological  structure  pre- 
5
sented by the eastern and western borders of our  territory.  The traveler going
from the summit of the Allegbenies westward to the prairies of Illinois finds  the
strongly contrasting physical characters of two great areas meeting and  blending
in Ohio.  The western portion of the State, so level and monotonous, has much
the aspect of the prairies; the eastern  portion, on the  contrary, is occupied by
what may be perhaps justly regarded as the  foot-hills  of the mountains.   The
Florae of  these two regions are as different as their surfaces, and the vegetation of
the different portions of Ohio is assimilated to that of the districts to which tbey
are adjacent.
   " Lifferences in geological structure have  been principally felt in an  east and
west direction.  The out crops of the various formations occupy belts of surface
which have a general north and south bearing ; though  near the northern border
of the State these bands are strongly curved eastward."
   "It should also be said that over the  northern third of the State  the  soil of
most localities is  not derived from the rock which immediately underlies them ;
but  beds of clay,  gravel, or sand transported by drift agency conceal the rocky
substrata, and by determining the character of the soil have also determined  the
character of the vegetation, and as a consequence the  system of agriculture pur-
sued with success.    ******   A few examples will suffice to
show the connection  which exists between the local character of the vegetation of
different  districts within the State and the physical influences  which  have been
enumerated above.   In the extreme northeastern portion of Ohio, on the highlands
back from Lake Erie, the winter temperature is more severe and the fall of snow
is much greater than at any point south and west of this.  Here are the only ever-
green forests in the State, forests of Hemlock— (Abies canadensis) — continuous
with those  which cover the flanks of the  Alleghenies in  Northern Pennsylvania.
It is  especially in this region that the northern plants of our Flora—such as  are
indicated by Prof. Gray as ranging "from New England to Wisconsin and north-
ward "— are found.   A number of these, however—especially of the  Orchidaceae
which grow in cold peat bogs — are also  found in the spbagnous swamps which
exist in the depressions among the bills of the northern portion of the coal region,
and thence  stretch  around within the basin of Lake Erie to the  line of Michigan.
These swamps are wholly or entirely covered with a growth  of larch  or  white
pine, and are the favorite habitats of the side-saddle flower, two species of Drosera,
Cassandra calyculata, several species of Vaccinium, and nearly  all the  Orchidaceae
included in  the catalogue.  These plants, with some  others which grow in  the
rocky ravines of the streams flowing into Lake  Erie — (Aconitum uncinatum, Cir- 
6
cea  alpina, etc.,)—form the northern  florula of Ohio; plants  whose  southern
range has been limited by southern temperature or summer drouth.
  The geological basis of the northern and eastern parts of the State is formed by
the  equivalents of the Hamilton, Portage and Chemung rocks of the New York
geologists, and by the  carboniferous conglomerate;  the latter a coarse massive
sand-drop which underlies the coal measures.   Of these the first three are highly
argillaceous, and by their decomposition produce a clay soil of most tenacious and
retentive character.   This soil is not restricted to  the area occupied  by the out-
crops of  the rocks which furnish it, but these being soft and readily acted upon by
the  drift  agents, have been extensively eroded, and their debris spread  over the
conglomerate ;  even reaching on to the slopes of the bills of the coal basin.  This
region was originally  covered  with a dense forest of beech, maple, tulip, elm,
asb, hickory, and linden, and is agriculturally especially adapted to grazing.  This
fact, and  no  preference of inhabitants, has made the Western Reserve  the dairy
of the West.
  To this general character exhibited by the greater  part of the  district under
consideration, there are many local exceptions.  Over  large  surfaces thick beds
of sand and gravel — the later drift deposits — were once spread, which have not
been removed by subsequent  denudation;  and  such surfaces, having  a  porous
substratum, and a sandy or loamy soil, in a state of nature sustained on the up-
land forests of white,  black and red oak, with  hickory in  the swales, and black
asb in the swamps.   In cultivation, these uplands have  produced good crops  of
cereals, and now form  out-lots of the great wheat field of the State.   *  *  *
  The eastern portion  of Ohio is occupied by the bills of the coal region, and the
narrow valleys which divide them.   This district has an average elevation greater
than that of any other considerable  area in  the  State, and  the  surface is more
varied and picturesque.  The rocky sub strata are alternations of coarse and mas-
sive sandstones, argillaceous  shales and limestones,  with thinner beds of coal,
potter's clay and iron  ore, which in their local predominance,  have  in turn given
a local character to the soil, and hence to the indigenous and introduced flora.
As  a  general rule, however,  the  surface   is covered  by forests of oak, with
here and there a tulip and black walnut,  and on the sandy ridges  the cbesnut,
which shuns  the clay.   As in other sections, the  character  of the  flora is here
given by the greater development of genera  and species more sparsely distributed
over all our own and adjacent States.  There are, however,  a few plants  which,
though common here, are scarcely known  west of the line of out crop of the
Devonian shales, which passes north and south just east  of  Columbus.   Among
these,  the most conspicious are the  Kalmias (K. latifolia  and K. angmtifolia)
The great laurel, {Rhododendron maximum), etc., etc., which properly belong to 
                                      7

the flora of the Allegbenies, and which recur again only in the Ozarks, or moun-
tains of the Far West.   The red cedar, the juniper, the white, red and yellow
pines, are scattered over this district, and give a distinctive character to its flora.
  Immediately bordering the region occupied by the coal basin is a comparatively
narrow belt of country in which the Hamilton and Chemung grtfups form the sur-
face rocks.  To the northeastern extension of this  belt I  have before referred.
In the central and southern portions of the State, the Chemung and Portage rocks
become much more sandy  and massive than on the Reserve.  The topographical
features, and the soil to which  they  give rise, exhibit  corresponding differences,
being closely assimilated to those of  the adjacent conglomerate and coal measure
surfaces.   Hence it  becomes impossible to draw any botanical line  between the
Waverly sandstone belt and the carboniferous area which it borders.   The Ham-
ilton shales, however, continue the same highly argillaceous and bituminous strata
wherever exposed.   The outcrop of these rocks has been planed down to a nearly
uniform level  surface, now generally covered by a tenaceous clay soil, sustaining
its characteristic flora.   The belt occupied by the soil derived from the Hamilton
shales is quite irregular, and much more extensive than the outcrop of the parent
rock.   It includes nearly all the Lake shore east of Sandusky, a large part of the
counties of Cuyahoga,  Lorain,  Medina, Erie, Huron,  Crawford and Delaware.
Farther south, the line  of  outcrop is  narrower, the evidences of drift action not
discoverable, and  the overlying Waverly sandstones more largely developed, and
hence the Hamilton clays  are much  less conspicuous.
   The characteristics of the surface, soil,  and  flora of this district may be well
studied in making the trip  from Cleveland  to Columbus by rail, a great part  of the
line of the C. & C. R.R. running through it.  Though surrounded by a highly culti-
vated territory, it is yet, for the most part, in the  state of nature—its dense for-
ests of elm, maple, beech, linden, etc., stretching for miles along the track without
interruption or variety.   Though cold, wet  and difficult of subjugation,  the soil
must ultimately be regarded as among the  most valuable  in  the  State ;  as with
judicious treatment it will yield to the farmer more certain, if not constantly, lar-
ger returns than that of the most productive grain growing districts.   There are,
perhaps no plants which, within the State, are absolutely restricted to the belt of
country under consideration;  but  the grouping both of forest  trees and under-
growth upon it is such  as to render it one of our most distinctly defined botanical
districts.
   The western half of  the State is almost  entirely based upon the cliff limestone,
which includes representatives of the Corniferous, Onondaga, Helderberg and
Niagara limestones of New York.  The surface is generally level and monotonous. 
8
 The soil is calcareous, derived from the decomposition of the underlying rock, or
 from the drift deposits, which are  spread over a large part of it.  the vegetation
 is mingled, aborescent and  herbaceous—forest and  prairie.  The forest  trees are
 mostly oaks—white, black, black-jack, laurel, burr, etc., with hickory, beech and
 elm.   The prairies appear first as lake-like openings in the forest, but  near the
 northwest corner of the State they occupy a large  part of the  surface,  and with
 their island-like clumps of  timber, exhibit all the aspect of the prairies of the far
 west.   The farmers are both stock-raisers  and grain-growers—the  staple  crops
 com  and wheat,  especially the  former.  The flora of this  immense  region, as
 might be inferred, is of a mixed character, and even more than that of the  other
 districts I  have noticed, refuses  to submit  to any narrow rules  of classification.
 It has, however, a peculiar facies, due to  the relative abundance of the species
 that compose it, and also to the presence of  a number of the  prairie plants of the
 west, here on the eastern limits of their range.*
   The southern botanical district of Ohio, the region including the valleys of the
 Ohio river and its tributaries, possesses no very tangible unity of character.   Its
 geological structure is exceedingly varied, as is its soil, the  contour of the surface,
 and, as a consequence  its vegetation;  it may, however, be characterized as the
 region of rich alluvial bottom lands now yielding year after year unequaled crops
 of corn—the  great staple of this district—but in the state of  nature covered  with
 impenetrable  jungles  of  Vernonia  and Eupalorium,  or with dense forests, to
 which sycamore, black locust, black walnut, paw paw, etc., give  an  aspect  quite
 different from that of the wooded districts of the  sections  of the State we  have
before considered.   In the warm nooks of the valley of the  Ohio,  are  many plants
  •The discussion of the question of the origin of prairies would here  find an appropriate
 place, but it is a subject not to be disposed of in a few words; and the space which this article
 already occupies, almost necessitates its exclusion.  Since this catalogue was prepared, however,
 the writer has spent a large part of several years on  the prairies of nearly all parts of the con-
 tinent where prairies exist.  During this time, the question of the causes controlling the distri-
 bution of arborescent and herbaceous vegetation received  special attention ; and while he does
 not flatter himself that he has fully succeeded in the analysis of these influences, he feels justi-
 fied in reporting the following conclusions, to which he has been led by his observations ■
  1st.  The great controlling influence which has operated to exclude trees from so large a
 portion of our territory west of the Mississippi is  unquestionably a deficiency of precipitated
 mature.  To this cause are due the prairies of Oregon, California, New Mexico, Utah, Nebras-
 ka, Kan, as, Arkansas and Texas.   Throughout this great area, we find every variety of surface,
 and £oi of every shade of physical structure or chemical composition-unless  in exceptional
circumstances, where it receives an unusual supply 0f moisture-if not utterly sterile, covered
with a coating of grass.
  2d.   To the great « plains," the typical prairies of the far west, the theories which have been 
9
which belong  to  the flora  of the  lower Mississippi Valley, several of which will
be found noticed  in the catalogue.   The number of these  is, however, relatively
small;  and the peculiar  aspect  of the flora of this district, as  contrasted with
those already noticed, is  given by the  abundance of species which are found,
though perhaps rarely, as far north as the  centre of the State.  Of these the forest
trees which alone  attract  the attention of others than botanists, will suffice  for
examples.   Some of these have already been enumerated, and to them may be
added the persimmon, the  coffee tree, and the red bud, which, though conspicuous
objects in the flora of this  region, are unknown  in the northern part of this State.
      *        *        *        *       *       *        *        *■       *
   The sources from which the accompanying catalogue was compiled, are as fol-
 lows :
   A catalogue of the Plants of Franklin county, by W. S. Sullivant.
   A catalogue of the Plants of Fairfield county, by Drs. Bigelow and Hor.
   A catalogue of the Plants of Cincinnati, by Thomas G.  Lee.
   A catalogue of the Plants of Cincinnati, by Joseph Clark.
   A Synopsis of the Flora of the Western States, by Prof. J. L. Riddell.
   Manuscript catalogues of the Plants in Summit and Cuyahoga counties, by the
 writer.
   I am also indebted  to Dr. Kellogg,  of Cincinnati and  Dr.  Canfield,  now of
 Monterey, California, for valuable information in reference to the plants of Geauga
 and Lorain counties.   The brief sketch of  the  geographical botany of  the State
proposed for the origin of prairies, viz: that of Prof. Whitney, that they are due to a peculiar
fineness of soil; or that of M. Lesquereux, that they are the  beds of ancient lakes ; that of M.
Desor, that they are the lower and level reaches of sea bottom; or, finally, that which attributes
them to annual fires, are alike wholly inapplicable.
  3d.   The prairies bordering on, or east of the Mississippi, may^be, and doubtless are, partly,
or locally due to one or more «f the conditions suggested in the above theories; but even here
the great controlling influence has been the supply of water.   The  structure of the soil of  the
prairies coinciding with the extremes of want and supply of rain characteristic  of the climate,
have made them  now  too wet and now too dry for the healthy growth  of trees.  A sandy,
gravellv or rocky soil and sub soil,  more thoroughly saturated with moisture, and more deeply
penetrated by the roots of forest trees, afford them a constant supply of the fluid which to them
is vital. This, as it seems to the writer, is the reason why the knolls and ridges  composed of
coarser materials are covered with trees, while the lower levels, with finer soil, are prairies.
Where greater variation of level exist, the highlands are frequently covered with trees, in virtue
of the greater precipitation of moisture which they enjoy.                       J.  S. N. 
10
is drawn from the notes  of the writer, whose geological and botanical  rambles
have led him to explore more or less thoroughly each of the districts specified.
  I have thought it best to show, as far as necessary brevity would permit, the
distribution of the plants enumerated;  and the name of each species will be seen
to be followed by ihe section of the State, as Central,  Northern, Southern, etc,
to which it is restricted, so far as known.   The names of such plants as are  gen-
erally distributed over all, or  nearly all parts of the State,  are  followed by the
word general, abbreviated to Gen., indicating their range.   Many of the  rarer
plants are referred to the localities, sometimes unique where they have been found,
with a citation of authorities.
                       CLASS  I.   EXOGENS.


                   Order I.  RANUNCUL ACE^E.


Anemone, L.  cylindrica, Gray.  Long-fruited anemone.  N.
         nemorosa, L.  Wind-flower.  Gen.
         Pennsylvania, L.  Pennsylvanian.  N.
         Virginiana, L  Tall anemone.   Gen.
Act^ea, L.  alba Big.   Cohosh.  Gen.
         rubra, Willd.  Red baneberry.  N.
Aquilegia, L.  Canadensis, L.  Wild columbine.   Gen.
Clematis, L.  Virginiana,  L.  Virgin's Bower.  Gen.
         ochroleuca, Ait.  C.
         viorna, L. Leather-flower.   C. and  N.
Hepatica, Dill,  triloba, Choix.  Round-lobed Hepatica.   N.
         acutiloba, D. C.  Sharp-lobed Hepatica.  Gen.
Ranunculus, L.  aquatilis, L.  White water-crowfoot.   Gen.
         flammula, L.  Spearwort.   Gen.
         Purshii, Rich.  Yellow water-crowfoot.  Medina Co.
         reptans, L.   Creeping spearwort.   Gen.
         pusillus, Poir.  Gen.
         abortivus, L.  Small-flowered crowfoot.   Gen.
         sceleratus, L.   Cursed crowfoot.  Gen.
         recurvatus, Poir.   Hooked crowfoot.  Gen.
         repens, L.  Creeping crowfoot.   Gen.
         fascicularis, Muhl.  Early crowfoot.   N.
         bulbosus, L.   Buttercups.  N.
         Pennsylvania, L.  Bristly crowfoot.   N.
         acris, L.  Tall crowfoot buttercups.   N.
         rhomboideus, Goldie.   Sandusky.  Dr. Kellogg. 
11
Tiialictrum, L.  Anemonoides, Micbx.  Rue-anemone.  Gen.
         dioicum, L.   Early meadow-rue.  Gen.
         cornuti, L.  Meadow-rue.  Gen.
Isopyrum, L.   biternatum, T. and G.  Enemion.  N. and C.
Caltha,  L.  palustris, L.  Marsh Marigold.   Gen.
Coptis, Salisb.  trifolia, Salisb.  Gold-thread.  N.
Tbollius, L.   Iaxu3,  Salisb.  Spreading globle-flower.  C.
Delphinium, L.   tricorne, Michx.  Dwarf Larkspur.  Gen.
         consolida, L.  Wild Larkspur.  Clarke, Cin.
         azureum, Mich.   Azure Larkspur.  Gen.
         exaltatum, Ait.  Tall Larkspur.  Gen.
Aconitum, L.   uncinatum, L   Wild Monkshood.  Summit Co.
Hydrastis, L.  Canadensis, L.  Orange-root.  Gen.
Cimicifuga, L.  racemosa, Ell.  Black Snake-root.   Gen.
Trautvetteria, Fischer and  Meyer,   palmata, F.  and M.  False Bugbane,
   Mansfield, Dr.  Kellogg.

                      Order II.  MAGNOLIACE^E.

 Magnolia, L.  acuminata, L.  Cucumber Tree.  Gen.
 Liriodendron, L.  tulipifera, L  Tulip Tree.  Gen.

                              ANONACE^E.

 Asimina, Adens.  triloba, Dunal.  Common Pawpaw.  Gen.

                           MENISPERMACE^E.

 Menispermum, L.  Canadense, L.  Canadian Moonseed.  N.

                            BERBERIDACE^E.

 Leontice, L.  Thalictroides, L.  Pappoose-root.  Gen.
 Jeffersonia,  Bart,  diphylla, Pers.  Twin-leaf.  Gen.
 Podophyllum, L.  peltatum, L.   May-apple.  Gen.

                             CABOMBACE.E.

 Brasenia, Schreb.  peltata, Pursb.  Water-shield.  N.

                             NYMPHiEACE^E.

 Nelumbium, Juss.  luteum, Willd.  Great Water-lily.   Sandusky Bay, Scioto
    River, Ohio River.
 Nymph^a, Tourn.  odorata, Ait.  Sweet scented water-lily.   Gen.
 Nuphar, Smith,   advena, Ait.   Yellow water-lily.  Gen.

                            SARRACENIACE.E.

 Sarracenia, Tourn.  purpurea, L.  Side-saddle Flower.  Peat bogs, N.

                             PAPAVERACE.E.

 Sanguinaria, Dill.  Canadensis, L.  Blood-root.  Gen.
 Chelidonium, L.  majus, L.   Celandine.  Introduced N.
 Stylophorum, Nutt.  diphyllum, Nutt   Celandine Poppy.  C. and S.
 Papaver, L.  somniferum, L.  Common Poppy.  Escaped from cultivation.
 Argemone, L.  Mexicana, L.  Mexican Poppy.  Escaped from gardens. • 
12
                              FUMARIACEJE.

  Dicentra, Bork.   cucullaria, D. C.  Dutchman's Breeches.   Gen.
           Canadensis, D. C.   Squirrel Corn.  Gen.
  Adlumia, Raf.   cirrhosa, Raf.  Climbing Fumitory.  Rocky ravines, N. Ohio.
  Corydalis, Vent,  aurea, Willd.   Golden Corydalis.  Gen.
          glauca. Pursh,   Pale Corydalis.   Gen.
  Fumaria, L.  officinalis, L.  Common Fumitory.  Escaped from gardens.

                               CRUCIFER^E.

  Nasturtium, R. Br.   natans, D. C.  Water Cress.   Gen.
          palustre,  D. C.   Marsh Cress.   Gen.
  Cheiranthus, R. Br.  Hesperidoides, T. and G.  Wild Rocket.  C. and S. Ohio.
  Cardamine, L.  hirsuta, L.  Water Cress.  Gen.
          rotundifolia, Michx.   Gen.
          rhomboidea, D. C.   N.
  Dentaria, L.  laciniata, Muhl.   Toothwort.   Gen.
          diphylla,  L.   Pepper Root.   Gen.
          maxima, Nutt.  Cin., Clarke, Taylor's Creek, Lesqx.
 Arabis, L.  lyrata, L.   Wall Cress.  N.
          hirsuta, Scop.  Gen.
          laevigata,  D.  C.   Gen.
          Canadensis, L.  Sickle-pod.  Gen.
          dentata, T. and G.   Cen.  0.
          patens, Sulliv.   Cen. 0., Lorain Co., Dr. Kellogg.
 Turritis, Dill,  glabra.   Tower Mustard.  Gen.
 Barbarea, R. Br.   vulgaris, R. Br.  Winter Cress.  Gen.
 Erysimum, L.  Cheiranthoides, L.   Worm-seed Mustard.   N.
          arkansanum, Nutt.  Western wall-flower.  C. and S.
 Sisymbrium, L.  officinale, Scop.  Hedge Mustard.  Gen.
          canescens, Nutt.  Tansy Mustard.   Cen. 0.
 Slnapis, Tourn.  nigra, L.  Black Mustard.  Gen.
          arvenis, L.  Field mustard.   Gen.
          alba, L.   White Mustard.  Naturalized gen.
 Draba, L.  verna, L.  Whitlow-grass.  Gen.
 Capsella, Vent.  Bursa-pastoris, Mcench.  Shephard's Purse.  Gen
 Lepidium, L.  Virginicum, L.  Wild Pepper-grass.   Gen
         L campestre, L.  Field  Pepper-grass.   Clarke, Cin.
 Oamelina, Crantz.  sativa, Crantz.   Wild flax.  Introduced  gen.

                           CAPPARIDAOE^E.

 Polanisia, Raf.  graveolens,  Raf.  Polanisia.   Cuyahoga Co.

                              VIOLACE^E.

Solea, Ging.   concolor, Ging.   Green Violet.  Gen
Viola, L.  blanda, Willd.  Sweet White Violet.  Gen
         cucullata, Ait.  Common Blue Violet.   Gen '
         Muhlenbergii, Torr.   American Dog Violet.
         palmata, L.  Hand-leaf Violet.   Gen
         pubescens, Ait.   Downy Yellow Violet.   Gen
         striata, Ait.   Pale Violet.  Gen.
         sagittata, Ait.  Arrow-leaved Violet   Gen
         rostrata,  Pursh.  Long-spurred Violet.   Gen. 
13
        tricolor, L.   Var. arvensis.  Pansy.  Hearts-ease.   Introduced.
        rotundifolia, Michx.   Round-leaved Violet.  N.
        primulaefolia, L.  Primrose-leaved Violet.  N.
        Canadensis, L.   Canada Violet.   N.
        hastata, Michx.  Halberd-leaved Violet.   N.
        pedata, L.   Bird-foot Violet.  Lancaster, Dr. Bigelow.
        tenella, Muhl.   Clarke, Cin.

                              CISTACE^E.

Heliakthemum, Tourn.   Canadense Michx.  Frost Weed.  Rocky Rose.  Gen.
Lechea, L.  minor, Lam.  Pinweed.  Gen.

                             DROSERACEJE.

Drosera, L.  rotundifolia, L.  Round-leaved Sundew.  Peat-bogs.  N.
         longifolio,  L.  Long-leaved Sundew.  Peat bogs.

                            PARNASSIACE^E.

Parnassia, Tourn.   Caroliniana, Michx.   Grass of Parnassus.  Cleveland.

                             HYPERICACE^E.

Hypericum, L.   pyramidatum, Ait.  Great St. John's Wort.   Gen.
         perforatum, L.  Common St.  John's Wort.  Gen.
         corymbosum, Muhl.  Spotted St. John's Wort.  Gen.
         mutilum, L.  Small St. John's Wort.  Gen.
         ellipticum, Hook.   Gen.
         sarothra, Michx.  Orange Grass.  Pine Weed.   Gen.
         Canadense, L.  Canadian St  John's Wort.   Gen.
         sphserocarpon, Michx.  Columbus, Lesqx.
         Kalmianum, L.   Kalm's St. John's Wort.  Summit Co.
         prolificum, L.   Shrubby St. John's Wort.  Summit Co.
 Elodea, Pursh.  Virginica, Nutt.  Marsh St. John's Wort.  Gen.

                          CARYOPHYLLACE.E.

 Saponaria, L.   officinalis, L.  Soapwort.   Escaped from cultivation.
 Silene, L.  stellata, Ait.  Starry Campion, N.
         Pennsylvanica,  Michx.   Wild Pink.   N.
         Viro-inica, L.   Fire Pink.  Lancaster, Dr. Bigelow.
         nocTiflora, L.  Night-flowering Catchfly.  Lancaster. Introduced.
         antirrhina, L.   Sleepy Catchfly.  Gen.
         nivea, D.  C.  Columbus, Sullivant.
         rotundifolia, Nutt.   Round-leaved Catchfly.  S.
         regia, Sims.  Royal Catchfly.  S.
 Agrostemma, L.  Githago, Lam.   Corn Cockle.  Gen.
 Arenaria, L.   lateriflora, L.  Sandwort.  Gen.
         serpbyllifolia, L  Thyme-leaved Sandwort.  Introduced.
 Stellaria, L.   longifolia, Muhl.  Stitchwort.  Gen.
         media, Smith.  Chickweed.  Introduced.
         lono-ipes,  Goldie.   Long-stalked Stitchwort  N.
         pubera, Michx.  Great Chickweed.   Cin., Dr. Kellogg
 Cerastium, L.  vulgatum, L.  Mouse ear Chickweed.  Gen.
         viscosum, L   Larger Chickweed.  Gen.
         arvense, L.  Field Chickweed.  Gen. 
14
        nutans, Raf.
        oblongifolium, Torr.  Lorain Co.
Spergula.  arvensis, L.  Corn Spurrey.  Gen.
Anychia, Michx.  dichotoma,  Michx.  Forked Chickweed.   Gen.
Mollugo, L.  verticillata, L.  Carpet-weed.  Gen.

                          PORTULACCACE^E.

Portulacca, Tourn.  oleracea, L.   Purslane.  Gen.
Claytonia, L.   Virginica, L.  Spring Beauty.  Gen.
        Caroliniana, Michx.  Gen.

                             MALVACEAE.

Abutilon, Tourn.   Avicennse,  Gsert.  Indian Mallow.   Gen.
Sida, L.  spinosa, L.  Prickly Sida.  Introduced.
Nap^ea, Clayt.   dioica, L.   Glade Mallows.   Cin., Clarke.
Malva, L.  rotundifolia, L.  Low Mallow.  Introduced gen.
        sylvestris, L.  High  Mallow.  Introduced gen.
Hibiscus, L  militaris,  Cav.   Halbert-leaved  Mallow.   Cuyahoga Co.
        moscheutos, L.  Marsh Mallows.   North and  Central Ohio.

                              TILIACEJE.

Tilia, L.   Americana, L.  Linden Tree.   Bass-wood.   Gen.

                              LINACE^E.

Linum L.   Virginianum, L.  Virginian Flax.  Gen.
        usitatissimum.  Common Flax.  Naturalized gen.

                            GERANIACE^E.

Geranium, L.   maculatum, L   Spotted Geranium. Gen.
         Carolinianum, L.   Carolinian Crane's-bill.  Gen.
        Robertianum, L.   Herb Robert.   Gen.

                            OXALIDACE./E.

Oxalis, L.  violacea, L.  Violet Wood Sorrel.  Gen.
        stricta, L.  Yellow Wood Sorrel.  Gen.

                          BALSAMINACE^E.

Impatiens, L.   pallida,  Nutt.  Touch-me-not.  Gen.
         fulva,  Nutt.  Jewel-weed.  Gen.

                          LIMNANTHACE^E.

Flo3rkea,  Willd.  Proserpinacoides, Lindl.   Fake Mermaid.   Gen.

                              RUTACE^E.

Xanthoxylum, Colden.   Americanum,  Mill.  Prickly  Ash.  Gen.
Ptelea, L.  trifoliata, L. Shrubby Trefoil.   C. and S. 
15
                          ANACARDIACE^E.
Rhus, L.  Typhina, L.   Stag-horn Sumach.   Gen.
         glabra, L.   Smooth Sumach.  Gen.
         copallina, L.  Mountain Sumach.  Gen.
         venenata, D. C.   Poison Sumach.  Gen.
         toxicodendron, L.  Poison Ivy.   Gen.

                              VITACE^E.

Vitis, Tourn.  Labrusca, L.   Fox Grape.  Gen.
         aestivalis, Michx. Summer Grape.   Gen.
         cordifolia,  Michx.  Winter or Frost Grape.   Gen.
Ampelopsis, Michx.  quinquefolia, Michx.  American Creeper.  Gen.

                             RHAMNACEJ3.

Rhamnus, Tourn.   Alnifolius, L'Her. Alder-leaved Buckthorn.  Gen.
         lanceolatus, Pursh.  Buckthorn.   Gen.
Ceanothus, L.  Americanus  L.  Jersey Tea.  Red Root.   Gen.

                            CELASTRACEiE.

Stapiiylea,  L.   trifolia, L.  Bladder-nut.  Gen.
Celastrus,  L.   scandens, L.  Bitter-sweet.   Gen.
Euonymus, Tourn.  Americanus, L.   Burning Bush.  Gen.
         atropurpureus, Jseq.  Burning  Bush.  Spindle Tree.   Gen.

                              ACERACEiE.

Acer, Tourn.  spicatum, Lam.  Mountain Maple Bush.  Gen.
         saccharinum,  Wang.  Sugar Maple.  Rock Maple.  Gen.
         dasycarpum, Ehrh.  White Maple.   Gen.
         rubrum, L.  Red Maple.  Swamp Maple.  Gen.
         Pennsylvanicum, L.   Striped Maple.   Whistle Wood.  E.
         nigrum, Michx.  Black Maple.   Sugar Tree.  E.
Negundo, Mcench.  Aceroides, Mcench. Ash-leaved Maple.  Box Elder. C. and S.

                         HIPPO CAST ANACE JE.

 Aesculus, L.   glabra,  Willd.   Ohio Buckeye.  Gen.
         flava, Ait. Big or Sweet Buckeye.   Gen.

                            POLYGALACE^E.

 Polygala,  Tourn.  sanguinea, L.   Milkwort.   Gen.
         verticillata, L.  Whorl-leaved Polygala.  Gen.
         senega, L. Seneca  snake-root.   Gen.
         incarnata, L.   Flesh-colored milkwort.  C. and S.
         cruciata, L.  Cross-leaved Polygala.  Lorain  Co.
         paucifolia, Willd.  Fringed Polygala.  N.
         fastigiata, Nutt.  N.

                             LEGUMINOS.E.

Vicia, Tourn.  Americana, Muhl.  American Vetch.  Gen.
         cracca, L.  Tufted Vetch.   N.
         Caroliniana, Walt.   Carolinian Vetch.  N 
16
   Lathyrus, L.  palustris, L.  Marsh Lathyrus.   Gen.
            venosus, Muhl.  N.
            ochroleucus, Hook.   N.
            myrtifolius, Muhl.  N.
   Phaseolus, L,  perennis, Walt.  Wild Bean Vine.   Gen.
            diversifolius.   Kidney Bean.  Lorain Co., Dr. Kellogg.
   Apios, Boerh.  tuberosa, Mcench.  Ground Nut.  Gen.
   Amphicarp^ea, Ell  monoica, Nutt.  Pea Vine, Hog  Pea Vine.  Gen.
   Robinia, L.  pseudacacia, L.  Locust Tree.   C. and  S.
   Tephrosia, Pers.   Virginiana,  Pers.  Goat's Rue.  Cat Gut.   Gen.
   Trifolium, L.  pratense, L.  Common Red Clover.   Introduced gen.
           repens, L.  Creeping or White Clover.   Gen.
           reflexum, L.  Buffalo Clover.  West. 0.  Gen.
           stoloniferum, Muhl.  Running Buffalo Clover.   Cin., Dr. Kellogg.
  Melilotus, Tourn.  officinalis, Willd.  Yellow Melilot.  Introduced gen.
           leucantha, Koch.  Sweet-scented  Clover.  Introduced gen.
  Psoralea, L.  onobrychis, Nutt.  C. and S.
  Desmodium, D. C.  nudiflorum, D. C.  Naked-flowered Tick Trefoil.   Gen.
           acuminatum, D. C.   Gen.
           pauciflorum, D. C.  Few-flowered Tick Trefoil.   Gen.
           rotundifolium, D. C.   Creeping Tick Trefoil.  Gen.
           Canadense, D. C.  Bush Trefoil.  Gen.
           canescens, D. C.  Hoary Tick Trefoil.  Gen.
           cuspidatum, T. and G.   Sharp pointed Tick Trefoil.  N.
          rigidum,  D. C.   N.
          Marilandicum, Booth.   Lancaster  (Bigelow).
          Dillenii, Darling't.   Gen.
          paniculatum, D. C.  Long-leaved.   Gen.
          strictum,  D. C.   Milan, 0., Dr. Kellogg.
 Lespedeza, Michx.  procumbens, Michx.  Trailing Bush Clover.  Gen.
          violacea,  Pers.  Common Bush Clover.   Gen.
          capitata, Michx.  Headed Bush Clover.  Gen.
          repens, T. and  G. Gen.
          birta,  Ell.   Hairy Bush Clover.  Gen.
 Stylosanthes, Swartz.  elatior, Swartz.  Pencil Flower.  C. and S.
 Astragalus, L.  Canadensis, L.   Canadian Milk Vetch.   Gen.
 Crotalaria, L.  sagittalis, L.   Rattle  Box.   Cin., Ward.
 Medicago, L.  sativa, L.  Lucerne Medick.   Naturalized N".
 Lupinus, Tourn. perennis, L.  Common Lupine.  Gen.
 Baptisia, Vent,  tinctoria, R. Br.  Wild Indigo.  Gen.'
         leucantha, T. and G.  White-flowered Bapt.  Banks of Ohio River
         alba, R. Br.  Cent. 0.   Sullivant.
         australis, R. Br.   Blue  False Indigo.   Clarke, Cin.
         leucophsea, Nutt.  Cin., Kellogg.
 Cercis, L.   Canadensis, L.  Judas Tree.  Red Bud.  C. and S
 Cassia, L.   Marilandica, L. American Senna.  Gen.
         nictitans, L.   Wild Sensitive Plant.  Lancaster, Bigelow
         ChamEecrista, L.  Sensitive Pea, Dwarf Cassia.  S°
 Gleditschia, L.  triacanthus, L.   Honey Locust.   Gen.
 Gymnocladus, Lam.  Canadensis, Lam.  Coffee Tree.  S.

                               ROSACEA.

Prunus.L.  Americana, Marsh.   Red Plum, Yellow Plum.  Gen
Cerasus, Tourn.  Pennsylvania, D.  C. Wild Red. Cherry.  Gen. 
17
         Virginiana, D. C.   Choke Cherry.  Gen.
         serotina, D. C.  Black or Wild Cherry.  Gen.
         pumfla, Michx.   Sand Cherry.  N.
Spir^e\, L.  opulifolia, L.  Nine Bark.  Gen.
         salicifolia, L.   Queen of the Meadow, Meadow Sweet.  Gen.
         tomentosa, L.   Hardhack.  Gen.
         lobata, Murr.   Siberian Red Spiraea.   C. and S.
         aruncus, L.   Goat's Beard.  0. and S.
Gillenia, Mcench.  trifoliata, Mcench.  Indian Physic.   Knox Co.
         stipulacea, Nutt.  Bowman's  Root.  S.
Agrimonia, Tourn.  Eupatoria, L.  Agrimony.   Gen.
         parviflora, Ait.   Summit Co.
Sanguisorba, L.   Canadensis, L.   Burnet Saxifrage.   N.
Geum, L.  strictum, Ait.  Yellow Avens.  Gen.
         Virginianum. L.  White Avens.  Gen.
         rivale, L.   Purple Avens.  Gen.
         vernum, T. and G.  C. and S.
Waldsteinia, Willd.  Fragarioides,  Tratt.   Dry Strawberry.   Geauga  Co.
   Canfield.
Potentilla, L.  fruticosa, L.  Shrubby Cinquefoil.   Gen.
         Canadensis, L.  Common Cinquefoil.   Gen.
         Norvegica, L.  Norwegian Cinquefoil.  Gen.
Fragaria, Tourn.   Virginiana, Ehrh.   Scarlet or Wild Strawberry.  Gen.
         vesca, L.   Alpine, Wood, or English Strawberry.  N.
Comarum,  L.   palustre, L.  Marsh Cinquefoil.   N.
Rubus, L.   odoratus, L.   Rose-flowering Raspberry.   Gen.
         strigosus, Michx.   Wild Red Raspberry.  Gen.
         occidentalis, L.  Thimbleberry, Black  Raspberry.  Gen.
         villosus, Ait.   High Blackberry.  Gen.
         Canadensis, L.  Low Blackberry, Dewberry.   Gen.
         hispidus,  L.  Bristly Blackberry.  N.
         triflorus, Rich.  Three flowered Raspberry.  N.
         cuneifolius, Pursh.  Wedge-leaved Blackberry.  Lorain Co., Kellogg.
Rosa, Tourn.   setigera,  Michx.  Michigan or Prairie Rose.   Gen.
          Carolina, L.   Carolina or Swamp Rose.  Gen.
         lucida, Ehrh.  Shining or Wild Rose.   Gen.
         rubiginosa, L.  Eglantine, Sweet Brier.  Naturalized.
         blanda, Ait.   Early Wild Rose.  Cin., Clarke.
 Crataegus, L.   crus-galli, L.  Cockspur Thorn. Gen.
         coccinea,  L.   Crimson-fruited Thorn.   Gen.
         tomentosa, L.  Black Thorn.  Gen.
          punctata, Jacq.  Cin., Clarke.
         flava, Ait.  Summer Haw.  Cin , Clarke.
Amelanchier,  Medic.   Canadensis, T. and G.   Shad or Juneberry.  Gen.
Pyrus, L.   coronaria, L.  Crab Apple.  Gen.
         arbutifolia, L.  Chokeberry.   Gen.

                              LYTHRACE^E.

 Lythrum,  L.   Hyssopifolia, L.  Grass-polly.   Gen.
Ammannia, Houst.  humilis, Michx.   Low Ammanma   C. and fe.
Decodon,  Gmel.   verticillatum, Ell.   Swamp Loose Strife.  Gen.
Cuphea, Jacq.   viscosissima, Jacq.  C. and S.

        2 
18
                              ONAGRACE^E.

 Epilobium, L.  coloratum, Muhl.   Colored Epilobium.  Gen.
         molle, Torr.  Soft Epilobium.  Gen.
         angustifolium, L.  Willow Heib.   Rose-bay.  N.
         palustre, L.  Marsh Epilobium.   N.
 Oenothera, L.  biennis, L.  Common Evening Primrose.   Gen.
         fruticosa, L.  Perennial Evening Primrose.   Gen.
         pumila,  L.  Dwarf Evening  Primrose.  N.
 Ga|ura, L.  biennis, L.  Biennial Gaura.  Gen.
         filipes, Spach.  Slender-stalked Gaura.   Cin., Kellogg.
 Ludwigia, L.  alternifolia, L,   Bastard Loose Strife.  Gen.
         palustris, Ell.  Water Purselane.   Gen.
         polycarpa, Short  and Peter.   Gen.
 Circ^ea, Tourn.   lutetiana, L.  Larger Enchanter's Night Shade.   Gen.
         alpina, L.  Alpine Enchanter's Night Shade.  Cleveland.
 Proserpinica, L.   palustris, L.  Spear-leaved Mermaid  Weed.  Gen.
 Myriophyllum, Vaill.  spicatum, L.  Spiked Water-milfoil.  Gen.
         verticillatum, L.  Water-mil foil.   Gen.
         heterophyllum, Michx.  N.

                           PASSIFLORACE^E.

 Passiflora, L.  lutea, L.  Yellow Passion-flower.   C. and S.

                            GROSSULACE^E.

 Ribes, L.   Cynosbati, L.   Prickly Gooseberry.  Gen.
         floridum, L.  Wild Black  Currant.  Gen.
         rotundifolium, Michx.  Wild  Gooseberry.  N.
         hirtellum, Michx.  Gen.
         rubrum, L.   Common Red Currant.  Geauga Co., Dr. Canfield.

                           CTJCURBITACE^E.

 Sicyos, L.  angulatus, L.  Single-seed Cucumber.   Gen.
 Echinocystis, T. and G.   lobata, T. and G.   Wild Balsam  Apple.  Gen.

                            CRASSULACE^E.

 Sedum, L.  ternatum, Michx.  Stone-crop.   Gen.
         telephioides, Michx.  Wild Orpine.   Eastern Ohio.
 Penthorum, Gronov.   sedoides,  L.   Virginia Stone-crop.   Gen.

                           SAXIFRAGACE.E.

 Saxifraga, L. Virginiensis, Michx.  Early Saxifrage.  Gen.
         Pennsylvanica, L.  Tall Saxifrage.   Gen.
         aizoon, Jacq.  North Eastern.
 Heuchera, L.  Americana, L.   Alum Root.  Gen.
        villosa, Michx.   Cin., Ward.
 Sullivantia, T. and G.  Ohionis, T. and G.  Highland  Co., Sullivant.
Tiarella, L.  cordifolia, L.   Gem-fruit.   Gen.
Mitella, Tourn.   diphylla, L.  Currant Leaf.  Bishop's Cap.  Gen.
        nuda, L.  Dwarf Mitella.   Cleveland.
 Chrysosplenium, Tourn.  Americanum, Schw.   Water-carpet.  Gen.
Hydrangea, Gronov.   arborescens,  L.  Common Hydrangea.' S. 
19
                           HA.MAMELA.CEjE.

IIamamelis, L.  Virginica, L.   Witch Hazel.   Gen.


                            UMBELLIFER^E.

Hydrocotyle, Tourn.  umbellata, L.  Umbellate Pennywort.  N.
         Americana, L.  Pennywort.  N.
Sanicula, Tourn.  Canadensis, L.   Black Snake-root.   Gen.
         Marilandica, L.   Gen.
Eryngium, Tourn.  Yucccefolium, Michx.  Button Snake-root.  Gen.
Daucus,  Tourn.   Carota, L.   Carrot.  Naturalized gen.
Pastinaoa, Tourn.  sativa, L.   Common Parsnip.  Naturalized gen.
Archemora, D. C.  rigida, D. C.  Water Dropwort.  Cowbane.  Gen.
         ambigua, D. C.   S.
Archangelica, Hoff.  atropurpurea, Hoff.  Angelica.   Gen.
         hirsuta,  T. and G.  Gen.
Heracleum, L.  lanatum, Michx.   Cow Parsnip.   Gen.
Conioseltnum, Fischer.   Canadense, T. and G.  Hemlock Parsley.  Gen.
^Ethusa, L.  cynapium, L.  Fool's Parsley.  Gen.
Thaspium, Nutt.  barbinode, Nutt.   Meadow Parsnip.  Gen.
         aureum, Nutt.   Smaller Meadow Parsnip   Gen.
         trifoliatum, Nutt.  Three-leaved Meadow Parsnip.   Gen.
Zizia, D. C.  integerrima, D.  C.  Golden Alexanders.  Gen.
Discopleura, D. C.  capillacea, D  C.  Bishop  Weed.  Gen.
Cicuta, L.  maculata, L.  Spotted Cowbane.   Gen.
         bulbifera, L.   Narrow-leaved Hemlock.  Gen
Cryptotenia, D. C.  Canadensis, D. C.   Honewort.  Gen.
Osmorrhiza, Raf.  longistylis, D. C.  Sweet Cicely.  Gen.
         brevistylis, D. C.  Short-styled Cicely.  Gen.
Cilerophyllum, L.  procumbens, Lam.   Chervil.  Gen.
Sium, L.   lineare, Michx.  Water Parsnip.  Gen.
Ligusticum, L.  Actseifolium, Michx.  Lovage.  N. and E.
Conium,  L.  maculatum, L.  Poison Hemlock.  Introduced gen.
Erigenia, Nutt.   bulbosa, Nutt.  Harbinger of Spring, or Turkey Pta.  Gen.

                              ARALIACE.E.

Aralia, Tourn.  racemosa, L.   Pettymorrel Spikenard.  Gen.
         nudicaulis, L.   Wild Sarsaparilla.  Gen.
         spinosa, L.  Angelica Tree.  S.
         hispida,  Michx.   Bristly  Aralia.  N.
Panax, L.  quinquefolium, L.   Ginseng.  Gen.
         trifolium, L.   Dwarf Ginseng.   N.

                              CORNACE.E.

Cornus, Tourn.  florida, L.  Flowering  Dog-wood.  Gen.
         alternifolia, L.   Gen.
         paniculata, L'Her.  White or Panicled Cornel.  Gen.
         sericea, L.  Kinnikinnik.   Gen.
         circinata, L'Her.  Round-leaved Dogwood.  Gen.
         Canadensis, L.   Low Dogwood.  N.
Nyssa, L.  multiflora, Wang.   Pepperidge or Gum.  Gen. 
20
                            CAPRIFOLIACE^E.

 Lonicera, L.  sempervirens, Ait.  Trumpet Honey-suckle.   N. E.
          parviflora, Lam.  Small-flowered Honey-suckle.  C. and N.
          ciliata, Muhl.  Fly Honey-suckle.   N.
          hirsuta, Eaton.  Hairy Honey-suckle.  N.
          grata, Ait.  Evergreen Honey-suckle.  N.
          flava, Sims.  Yellow Honey-suckle.  Gen.
 Diervilla, Tourn.   trifida, Mcench.  Bush  Honey-suckle.   N.
 Triosteum, L.  perfoliatum, L  Feverwort.   Gen.
 Sambucus, Tourn.   Canadensis, L.   Common  Elder.  Gen.
          pubens, Michx.  Panicled Elder.  N.
 Viburnum, L. . acerifolium, L.   Maple-leaved  Viburnum.   Gen.
          dentatum,  L.  Arrow-wood.  Gen.
          Lentago, L.  Sweet Viburnum.  Gen.
          prunifolium, L.  Black Haw.   Sloe.   Gen.
          pubescens, Pursh.   Downy Viburnum.   Gen.
          nudum, L.  Naked-stalked  Viburnum.  Withe  Rod.  N.

                              RUBIACEJ5.

 Galium, L.  Aparine, L.  Common Cleavers, or Goose Grass.   Gen.
          trifidum, L. Dyers'  Cleavers.  Goose Grass.  Gen.
          concinnum, T. and G.  Bed straw.   Gen.
          triflorum, Michx.  Triflowering Galium.   Gen.
          pilosum, Ait.  Hairy Galium.  Gen.
          circaezans, Michx.  Circae-like Galium.  Gen.
          asprellum,  Michx.   Rough  Cleavers or Clivers.  Gen.
          latifolium, Michx.   Cin., Clarke.
          lanceolatum, Torr.   Gen.
          boreale, L.  Northern Bed-straw.   Gen.
 Cephalanthus, L.   occidentalis, L.   Button Bush.   Gen.
 Mitchella, L.  repens, L.  Partridge Berry.   Gen.
 Hedyotis, Lam.  coerulea, Hook.  Dwarf Pink. Innocence.  Gen.
          purpurea, T. and G.  Gen.
          var. longifolia.   Long-leaved Dwarf Pink.   Gen.
          var. ciliolata.   Clustered Dwarf Pink. Gen.

                           VALERIANACE^E.

 Valeriana, Tourn.   pauciflora, Michx.   C. and S.
          sylvatica, Rich.  Wild Valerian.  N.
 Fedia, Gaert.  olitoria, Vahl.  Pawnee Lettuce.  Introduced gen.
         Fagopyrum, T. and G.  Wild Common Salad, or Lamb Lettuce.   Gen.
         radiata, Michx.  Gen.
         umbilicata,  Sullivant.  C. and S.
         patellaria, Sullivant.   C. and S.

                              DIPSACEJE.

Dipsacus, Tourn.  sylvestris, Mill.   Wild Teasel.   Naturalized gen.

                             COMPOSITE.

Vernonia, Schreb.  fasciculata, Michx.   Iron-weed.   Gen.
        Noveboracensis, Willd.  New York Vernonia.  Gen.
Liatris, Schreb.  squarrosa, Willd.   Blazing Star.   Gen. 
21
         spicata, Willd.  Gen.
         scariosa, Willd.   Gay Feather.  Gen.
Kuhnia, L.  Eupatoroides, L.  Gen.
Eupatorium, Tourn.  perfoliatum, L.  Thorougb-wort Boneset.  Gen.
         purpureum, L.  Trumpet-weed.  Gen.
         verticillatum, Willd.   Cin., Clarke.
         ageratoides, L.   White Snake-root.   Gen.
         aromaticum, L.   Aromatic Eupatorium.   Gen.
         sessilifolium, L.   Sessile-leaved Eupatorium.   Gen.
Conoclinium, D. C.  coelestinum,  D. C.  Mist-flower.   Cin., Kellogg.
Sericocarpus, Nees.  conyzoides,  Nees.  White-topped Aster.  Gen.
Aster, L.   corymbosus, Ait.   Corymbed Aster. Gen.    ,
         Novi Angliae,  L.   New England Aster.   Gen.
         patens, Ait.   Spreading Aster.  Gen.
         var. phlogifolius.  Gen.
         cordifolius, L.  Heart-leaved Aster.   Gen.
         prenanthoides, Muhl.  Prenanthes-like Aster.   Gen.
         Novae-Belgii, L.   New York Aster.   Gen.
         Tradescanti, L.   Tradescanti Aster.   Gen.
          ericoides, L.  Heath-like Aster.  Gen.
         miser, L.   Starved Aster.  Gen.
          multiflorus, Ait.   Many-flowered Aster.   Gen.
          Isevis, L.  Smooth Aster.  Gen.
          macrophyllus, L. Large-leaved Aster.  N.
          concolor, L.  One-colored Aster.  S.
          sericeus, Vent.   Silk-leaved Aster.   S.
          azureus, Lindl.   Blue Aster.   S.
          Shortii, Boott.  Short's Aster.  S.
          undulatus, L.  Wave leaf Aster.  S.
          sagittifolius, Willd.   Arrow-leaved Aster.   Gen.
          puniceus,  L.  Red-stalked Aster.   Gen.
          dumosus,  L.  Bushy Aster.   Gen.
          Bimplex, Willd.   Willow-leaved Aster.   Gen.
          tenuifolius, L.  Narrow-leaved Aster.   Gen.
          carneus, Nees.   Flesh-colored Aster.  Gen.
          longifolius, Lem. Long-leaved Aster.   Gen.
          aestivus, Ait.  N.
 Erigeron, L.   Canadense, L.   Canadian or  common Fleabane.  Gen.
          bellidefolium, Muhl.   Robin's Plantain.   Gen.
          Philadelphicum, L.   Narrow-rayed  Plantain.  Gen.
          annuum, Pers.   Daisy Fleabane.   Gen.
          strigosum, Muhl. White-weed Daisy.   Gen.
 Dipplopappus, Cars,  umbellatus.  T. and G.  N.
          linariifolius, Hook   Gen.
          amygadalinus, T. and G.  S.
 Boltonia, L'Her.  glastifolia, L'Her.  S.
 Solidago,  L.   squarrosa, Muhl.  Ragged Golden Rod.  N.
          bicolor, L.  Two-colored  Golden Rod*  Gen.
          latifolia. L   N.                    .
          Ciesia, L   Blue-stemed Golden Rod.  Gen.
          stricta. Ait.  Upright Golden Rod.   Lorain county.  Kellogg.
          rigida, L.  Hard-leaved Golden Rod.  Gen.
           Ohioensis, Riddell.   Gen.
           Riddellii, Frank.  Riddell's Solidago.   C. and W.
          patula, Muhl.  Spreading Golden Rod.   Gen. 
22
         arguta, Ait.  Sharp-notched Golden Rod.   Gen.
         Muhlenbergii, T. and G.   Gen.
         altissima, L.  Tall Golden Rod.   Gen.
         ulmifolia, Muhl.   Elm-leaved Solidago.  Gen.
         nemoralis, Ait.   Gen.
         Canadensis, L.   Canadian Golden Rod.   Gen.
         serotina, Ait.  Smooth Golden Rod.  Gen.
         lanceolata, L.  Grass-leaved Golden Rod.  N.
         gigantea, Ait.   Gigantic Golden Rod.   Gen.
         Virga-aurea, L.   European Golden Rod.  N.
         speciosa, Nutt.   Showy Golden Rod.   Gen.
         tenuifolia, Pursh.  Gen.
         virgata, Michx.   C. and S. Sullivant.
 Chrysopsis, Nutt. Mariana, Nutt.  Knox county, Dr. Kellogg.
 Inula, L.  Helenium, L.   Elecampane.  Int.   Gen.
 Eclipta, L.  procumbens, Michx/  S.
 Silphium, L.   laciniatum,  L.   Rosin Weed.  Polar Plant.   Gen.
         perfoliatum, L.   Cup  Plant.   Gen.
         terebinthinaceum, L.   Prairie Burdock.  C. and S.
         var pinnatifidum.   C. and S.
         trifoliatum,  L  Ternate-leaved Silphium.  Gen.
         integrifolium, Mich.   Gen.
Polymnia, L    Canadensis, L.  Leaf-Cup.  Cin.
         Uvedalia, L.  Yellow Leaf-Cup.  Cin.
Ambrosia, Tourn. trifida, L.   Tall Ambrosia.   Gen.
         artemisiaefolia, L.  Hog-weed.
Xanthium, Tourn.  strumarium, L.   Clot-weed.   Gen.
Heliopsis, Pers.  laevis, Pers.   Ox-eye.  Gen.
Echinacea, Mcench.  purpurea, Mcench.  Purple Cone-flower.   C. and S.
Rudbeckia.   laciniata, L.   Gen.
         hirta, L. Rough Cone-flower.  Gen.
         fulgida, Ait.  C. and S.
         triloba, L.  C. and S.
         speciosa, Wender.  N.
Helianthus, L.   giganteus, L.   Gen.
         strumosus, L.  Downy Sun-flower.  Gen.
         decapetalus, D.   Ten-rayed Sun-flower.  N.
         var. frondosus.   N.
         hirsutus, Raf.  S.
         mollis, Lam.  Soft-leaved Sun-flower.   Gen.
         microcephalus, T. and G.   S.
         grosse serratus, Martens.  Notch-leaved Sun-flower.   S.
         divaricatus, L.   Spreading Sun-flower.  S.
         tracheliifolius, Willd.   Gen.
         doronicoides, Lam.  Leopard's Bane Sun-flower.   Gen.
         cinereus, T. and  G.  Sullivant's Sun-flower.  C.
Actinomeris, Nutt.  squarrosa, Nutt.   Gen.
         helianthoides, Nutt.   Gen.
Coreopsis, L.   tricbosperma, Michx.  Tick-seed Sun-flower.  Gen.
         tripteris, L.   Gen.
         aristosa, Mich.  Lorain county.  Kellogg,
Bidens, L.   frondosa, L.   Leafy Burr-Marigold,°or Beggar's Ticks.   Gen.
         connata, Muhl.   Trifid  Burr-Marigold.  Gen.
         cernua, L.  Water Burr-Marigold.  Gen. 
23
         chrysanthemoides, Michx.  Radiate Burr-Marigold.   Gen.
         bipinnata, L.  Spanish Needles.   Gen.
         Beckii, Torr.  Beck's Burr Marigold.   Geauga Co.,  Canfield.
Helenium, L.   autumnale, L.  Sneeze-weed.  Gen.
Maruta, Cass.   Cotula, D. C.  May-weed.  Gen.
Achillea, L.  millefolium, L.   Yarrow.  Gen.
Leucanthemum, Tourn.   vulgare, Lam.   Ox-eye Daisy.  Int.
Tanacetum, L.  vulgare,  L.   Tansy.   Int.  Gen.
Artemisia, L.  biennis, Willd.  Wormwood.  N.
         Canadensis, Michx.   Sea  Wormwood.  N.
Gnaphalium, L. de^urrens, Ives. Decurrant-leaved, Life-everlasting.  Summit Co.
         polycephalum, Michx.  Fragrant Life-everlasting.  Gen.
         uliginosum, L.   Mud Life-everlasting.   Gen.
         purpureum, L.   Purple Life-everlasting.   Gen.
Antennaria, Gaert.  plantaginifolia, Hook.   Mouse-ear Life-everlasting.   Gen.
         margaritacea, R. Br.   Common Life-everlasting.  N.
Filago, Tourn.  Germanica, L.  German Cud-weed, naturalized.  Gen.
Erechthites, Raf.  bieracifolia, Raf.  Fire-weed.   Gen.
Cacalia, L.  suaveolens, L.  Wild Caraway.  Gen.
         atriplicifolia, L.   Orache-leaved Caraway.  Gen.
         tuberosa, Nutt.   Indian Plantain.   C. and W.
         reniformis, Muhl.  C. and W.
Senecio, L.  aureus, L.   Golden Rag Weed.  Gen.
         var obovatus.  C. and S.
Centaurea, L.  cyanus, L.  Bachelor's Button.  lot.   Gen.
Cnicus, Vaill.  beaedictus.  Blessed Thistle, sparingly naturalized.
Cirsium, Tourn.  lanceolatum. Scop.   Common  Thistle.  Gen.
         altissimum, Spreng.  Gen.
         discolor, Spreng.  Tall Thistle.  Gen.
         pumilum, Spreng.  Pasture Thistle.
         muticum, Michx.  Swamp Thistle.  Gen.
         arvense, Scop.   Canada Thistle.  Lake Shore.
         Virginianum, Michx.  Gen.
Onopordon, Vaill.  acanthium, L.  Cotton Thistle, sparingly naturalized.
Lappa, Tourn.  major, Gaert.  Burdock.  Int.   Gen.
Krigia, Schreb.  Virgirtica,  Willd.  Dwarf Dandelion.  N. Lesq.
Lactuca, Tourn. elongata, Muhl.  Trumpet Milkweed.  Cin. K.
Cynthia, Don.  Virginica, Don.  Cleveland.
Hieracium, Tourn.  venosum, L   Veiny-leaved Hawkweed.   W.
         Gronovii, L.  Grcnovius' Hawkweed.  Gen.
         Canadense, Michx.   Canadian Hawkweed.   N.
         scabrum, Michx.  Rough Hawkweed.  0. and N.
         paniculatum, L.   Slender Hawkweed.   Gen.
Nabalus, Cass,   albus, Hook   Lion's Foot.  N.
         altissimus, Hook.  Tall Nabulus.  N.
         racemosus, Hook.  C.
         crepidineus, DC.  C. and S.
         virgatus, D.  C.   C. and S.
         asper, T. and G.  W.
Mulgedium, Cass.  Floridanum, D. C.   Blue Lettuce.  C.
         acuminatum, D.  C.   C.
         leucophaeum, D. C.   S.
Sonchus, L  oleraceus, L.  Low Thistle.  Naturalized gen.
         asper. Vill.  Gen.
Taraxacum, Haller.  Dens-leonis,  Desf.   Dandelion.   Naturalized gen. 
24
                             LOBELIACE^E.

Lobelia, L.  cardinalis, L.  Cardinal Flower.   Gen.
        syphilitica, L.   Blue Cardinal Flower.  Gen.
        inflata, L.  Indian Tobacco.  Gen.
        spicata, Lam.   Clayton's Lobelia.  Gen.
        Kalmii, L.  Kalm's Lobelia.  Stark Co.

                           CAMPANULACE^E.

Campanula, Tourn.   Americana, L.  American Bell Flower.  Gen.
        aparinoides, Pursh.   Prickly Bell Flower.  Gen.
        rotundifolia, L.   Rock Bell Flower.  Kelly's Island, Kellogg.
Specularia, Heist,   perfoliata, D. C.  Venus'  Looking Glass.  Gen.

                              ERICACEAE.

Gaylussacia,  H. B. K.   Resinosa, T. and  G.   Huckleberry.   N.
        dumosa, T. and G.  Lorain Co.,  Kellogg.
        frondosa,  T. and G.   Dangleberry.   N.
Vaccinium, L.  stamineum, L.   Deerberry.  E. and N.
        Pennsylvanicum, L.  Low Blueberry.  E. and N.
        corymbosum, L.  High Whortleberry.  E. and N.
        var. pallidum.   E. and N.
        macrocarpon, Ait.   Common Cranberry.  E. and N.
Gaultheria, Kalm.  procumbens, L.  Wintergreen.   Gen.
Epig^ea, L.  repens, L.   Trailing Arbutus.  Gen.
Cassandra, Don.   calvculata, Don.  Bracted Leather-leaf.  Summit Co.
Oxydendrum, D. C.  arboreum, D. C.   Sorrel Tree.   C. and S.
Azalea, L.  nudiflora, L.   False Honeysuckle.  N.
        viscosa, L.  East. Lesq.
        calendulacea, Michx.  Lancaster, Bigelow.
Rhododendron, L.   maximum, L.  Rose Bay.  Lancaster, Bigelow.
Kalmia, L.  latifolia, L.   Mountain Laurel.  Hills E. 0.
        angustifolia.  Sheep Poison.  Lancaster, Bigelow.
Ledum, L.  latifolium, Ait.  Labrador Tea.  Lorain Co., Kellogg.
Pyrola, L.  elliptica, Nutt.   Pear-leaved Wintergreen.  Gen.
        secunda, L.  One-sided Pyrola.  N.
        rotundifolia, L.   Round-leaved Pyrola.   C and N.
Moneses, Salisb.  uniflora, Salisb.  Lorain Co., Kellogg.
Chimaphilla, Pursh. umbellata, Nutt   Pipsissewa.   C. and S.
        maculata, Pursh.  Spotted Wintergreen.  C. and S.
Monotropa, L.   uniflora, L.  Indian Pipe.  Gen.
        hypopitys, L.   Beech drops.  Gen.

                            AQUIFOLIACE^E.

Prinos, L.  verticillatus, L.  Winter Berry.  Black Alder.  Gen.
Nemopanthes, Raf.  Canadensis, D. C.   Canadian Holly.  Summit Co.

                              EBENACE^E.

Diospyros, L.  Virginiana, L.  Persimmon Tree.  C. and S. 
25
                          PLANTAGINACEiE.

Plantago, L.  major, L.   Common Plantain.  Nat gen.
        cordata, Lam.   Heart-leaved Plantain.  Gen.
        lanceolata, L.  Lance leaved Plantain   Int. gen.
        Virginica, L.  Virginian Plantain.  Gen.
        pusilla, Nutt.  Gen.

                            PRIMULACE^E.

Dodecatheon, L.  Meadia, L.  American  Cow-slip.   C. and S.
Lysimachia, L.   ciliata, L.  Heart-leaved  Loosestrife.  Gen.
        stricta, Ait.   Loosestrife.  Gen.
        quadrifolia,  L.   Four-leaved Loosestrife.  Gen.
        lanceolata.  Hybrid Loosestrife.  Cent.
        longifolia, Pursh.  Prairie Mongwort.   Gen.
Naumburgia, Mcench.  thyrsiflora, Reich.  Tufted Loosestrife.  N. and C.
Trientalis,  L.  Americana, Pursh.  Chickweed Wintergreen.  N.
Anagalis, Tourn.  arvensis, L.   rimpernel.  Nat. N.
Samolus, L.  floribundus, H. B  K.  Water Pimpernel.   Gen.

                           LENTIBULACE^E.

Utricularia, L.   vulgaris, L.  Common Bladderwort.  Gen.
        cornuta, Michx.   Horned Bladderwort.  Gen.
        gibba, L.  Cent, and S.
        intermedia,  Hayne.  Lorain Co., Kellogg.
        minor, L.   N.

                           OROBANCHACE.E.

Epiphegus, Nutt.   Virginiana, Bart.  Beech Drops.   Gen.
Conopholis, Wallr.   Americana,  Wallr.  Cancer Root.  Summit Co.
Aphyllon, Mitch,  uniflorum, T.  and G.   Gen.

                            BIGNONIACE^E.

Tecoma, Juss.   radicans,  Juss.   Trumpet Creeper.  S.
Catalpa, Scop.  Bignonioides, Walt.   Catalpa.   Int.
Martynia, L.  proboscidea, Glox. Unicorn Plant.  Int.

                            ACANTHACE^E.

Dianthera, Gronov.   Americana, L.  Water Willow.  Gen.
Dipteracanthus, Nees.   strepens, Nees.   Gen.
        ciliosus, Nees.   Gen.

                         SCROPHULARIACE^E.

Verbascum,  L.   Thapsus, L.  Common Mullein.  Nat. Gen.
        blattaria, L.  Moth Mulkin.  Nat.  Gen.
Linaria, Tourn.   Canadensis, Spreng.  Canadian Snap-Dragon.   Gen.
        vulgaris, Mill.  Toad Flax.   Nat.
Sorofhularia, Tourn.  nodosa, L.  Figwort.  Gen.
Collinsia, Nutt.   verna, Nutt.  Tall Pink.  S.
Chelone, Tourn.  glabra, L.  Snake-head Salt Rheum Weed.  Gen. 
26
Pentstemon, Mitchell,  pubescens, Sol.  Beard Tongue.   Gen.
Mimulus, L.  ringens, L.   Monkey Flower.   Gen.
         alatus, Ait.  Wing-stem Monkey Flower.  Gen.
 Conobea, Aublet.   multifida, Benth.  S. W.
Gratiola, L.  Virginiana, L.  Hedge Hyssop.  Gen.
         aurea,  Muhl.   Golden Hyssop.  E. and N.
Ilysanthes, Raf.  Gratioloides, Benth.  S.
Veronica, L. Virginica, L.   Culver's Physic,  N.
         Anagallis, L.  Gen.
         Americana, Schwein.  Brooklime.  Gen.
         scutellata, L.   Skull-cap, Marsh Speedwell.  Gen.
         serpyllifolia, L.   Thyme-leaved Speedwell.  Gen.
         peregrina, L.  Purslane Speedwell.  Gen.
         arvensis, L.   Corn Speedwell.  Int. gen.
         agrestris, L.  Neck-weed Speedwell.  Int. gen.
         officinalis, L.  Officinal Speedwell.  Cent.
Buchnera, L.  Americana, L.  Blue Hearts.  Columbus, Sull.
Seymeria, Pursh.  macrophylla, Nutt.  Large Seymeria.  S.
Gerardia, L.  purpurea, L.  Large Purple Gerardia.  Lancaster, Big.
         tenuifolia, Vahl.   Small  Purple Gerardia.  Gen.
         flava, L.   Gen.
         quercifolia, Pursh.   Gen.
         auriculata, Michx.   Cent.
         pedicularia, L.  Trumbull Co., Kell.
         integrifolia, Gray. W.
Pedicularis, Tourn.  Canadensis, L.  Lousewort.  Gen.
         lanceolata, Michx.  Branching Lousewort.  Gen.
Malampyrum, Tourn.  Americanum, Michx.   Cow Wheat.  N.
Castilleja,  Mutis.  coccinea, Spreng.   Painted  Cup.  N.

                            VERBENACEJE.

Verbena, L.  hastata. L.  Vervain.  Simpler's Jay.  Gen.
         urticifolia,  L  Nettle-leaved Vervain.  Gen.
         angustifolia, Michx.  Narrow-leaved Vervain.   Gen.
         stricta,  Vent.  Mullein-leaved Verbena.   W.
Phryma, L.   leptostachya, L.   Lop-seed.   Gen.
Lippia, L.   lanceolata, Michx.  Fog Fruit.  C. and S.

                              LABIATES.

Isanthus, Michx.  coeruleus, Michx.  False Pennyroyal.   Gen.
Mentha, L.   viridis, L.  Spearmint, Nat.   Gen.
         piperita, L.  Peppermint, Nat.   Gen.
         Canadensis, L.  Horsemint.  Gen.
         arvensis, L.  Corn cr Field Mint.  Columbus.   Nat. Sullivant.
Lycopus, L.  Virginicus, L.  Hoarhound.   Bugle-weed.  Gen.
         Europaeus, L.  Waterhound.   Gen.
Collinsonia, L.  Canadensis,  L.  Horse Balm.  Gen.
Hedeoma, Pers.  pulegioides,  Pers.  Pennyroyal.   Gen.
Cunila, L.  Mariana, L.   Dittany.  C. and S.
Blephilia.  ciliata, Raf.   Gen.
         hirsuta, Benth.   Hairy Blephilia.  Gen.
Monarda, L.  didyma, L.   Mountain Mint.  N.
         fistulosa, L.  Hare Mint.  Bergamot.  N.
         punctata, L.   Horse Mint.  Gen. 
27
         Bradburyana, Beck.  S. and W.
 Salviv, L.  lyrata, L.  Meadow Sage.   S.
 Nepeta, L.   cataria, L.  Catnip.   Int   Gen.
         Glechoma, Benth.  Gill-over-the-ground.  Gen.
 Lopiianthus, Benth.  nepetoides, Benth.  Giant Hyssop.   Gen.
         scrophulariaefolius, Benth.  Giant Hyssop.  Gen.
 Pycnantiiemum, Michx.  lanceolatum, Pursh.  N.
         linifolium, Pursh.   Gen.
         muticum,  Pers.   Gen.
         iocanura, Michx.  Mountain  Mint.  Gen.
         pilosum, Nutt.  Gen.
 Calamintha, Mcench.  glabella, Benth.  Cen. Sullivant.
 Origanum, L.   vulgare,  L. Wild Marjoram.  Int. L. Lesq.
 Brunella, Tourn.  vulgaris, L.  Self-heal.  Gen.
 Scutellaria, L.  canescens, Nutt.   Gen.
         lateriflora, L.  Mad Dog Skull-cap.  Gen.
         pilosa, Michx.  Gen.
         integrifolia, L.  Gen.
         parvula, Michx    Gen.
         galericulata, L.   Common Skull-cap.
 Synandra, Nutt.  grandiflora, Nutt.   Large flowering Synandra.  C. and S.
 Physostegia, Benth.  Virginiana, Benth.  Dragon's Head.  C. and W.
 Lakium, L   amplexicaule,  L.  Dead Nettle.  Nat. Stark Co.
 Leonurus, L.   cardiaca,  L.  Mother-wort.   Nat.  Gen.
 Stachys, L.  palustris, L.  Hedge  Nettle.   Gen.
         aspera, Michx.  Hedge Wound-wort,   Gen.
         sylvatica,  Nutt.   Wood Stachys.  Gen.
 Marrubium, L.   vulgare; L.  Hoarhound.   Escaped from Gardens.
 Galeopsis, L.  tetrahit, L.   Hemp Nettle.   Nat. Gen.
 Trichostema, L. dichotomum, L.   Blue Curls.  S.
 Teucrium, L.  C.inadense, L.   Germander.  Gen.

                             BORAGINACE.E.

 Echium, Tourn.  vulgare, L.  Viper's Bugloss.   Nat.
 Symphytum, Tourn.  officinale, L.  Comfrey.  Escaped from Gardens.
 Onosmodium, Michx.   Virginianum, D. C.  False Gromwell.  Gen.
         Carolinianum, D.  0.  Gen.
 Lithospermum, Tourn.  arvense, L.   Com. Gromwell, Wheat Thief.  Nat.  Gen.
         latifolium, Michx.   Broad-leaved Wheat Thief.  Gen.
         canescens, Lehm.   Puccoon.  Gen.
         officinale, L.  Officinal Wheat Thief.  Int. Cent.
 Mertensia,  Roth.  Virginica, D. C.  Lungwort.  Gen.
 Myosotis, L.  palustris, With.   Forget-me-not.   Gen.
         var. laxa.   Gen.
         arvensis, L.   Gen.
         verna, Nutt.  Gen.
 Echinospermum, Swartz.  Lappula,  Lehm.   Burr-seed.   Int.   Gen.
 Cynoglossum, Tourn.   officinale,  L.  Hounds-tongue.  Nat.   Gen.
         Virginicum, L.  Gen.
         Morisoni, D. C.   Beggars' Lice.  Gen.

                          HYDRO PHYLL ACE^E.

Hydrophyllum, L.  Virginicum, L.   Virginia Water-leaf.  Gen.
         Canadense, L.   Burr-flower.  Gen. 
28
          macrophyllum, Nutt.   S. and W.
          appendiculatum, Michx.  Gen.
 Phacelia, Juss.   bipinnatifida, Michx.  Gen.
          Purshii, Buckley.  Cent, and S.
          fimbriata, Michx.  Cent, and S.
          parviflora, Pursh.  Cent, and S.

                            POLEMONIACE^E.

 Polemonium, Tourn.  reptans, L.  Greek Valerian.  Gen.
 Phlox, L.  paniculata, L.  Panicled Phlox.  Gen.
          maculata, L.  Gen.
          divaricata, L.  Early-flowering Lychnidea.  Gen.
          glaberrima, L.   Cent, and W.
          subulata, L.  Moss Pink.  Gen.
          pilosa, L,  Cent, and W.
          Caroliniana, L.   Cent, and W.

                          CONVOLVULACE^E.

 Quamoclit, Tourn. coccinea, Mcench.  Cypress Vine.  Int.   S.
 Ipomcea, L.   lacunosa, L.  Mornipg Glory.   S. W.
         pandurata, Mayer.   Gen.
 Calystegia, R. Br. sepium, R. Br. ,  Dutland Beauty.  Gen.
         spithamaea, Pursh.  Erect Bindweed.  Gen.
 Cuscuta, Tourn.   epilinum, Weihe.   Flax Dodder.  Int.  N.
         chlorocarpa, Engel.   Gen.
         Gronovii,  Willd.   Gen.
         glomerata, Choisy.   W.

                             SOLANACE^E.

 Datura, L.   Stramonium, L.   Thorn Apple.  Introduced gen.
 Hyosciamus, Tourn.  niger.  Henbane.  Introduced Lake Shore.
 Physalis, L.   viscosa, L.  Ground Cherry.   Gen.
         Philadelphica, Lam.   S. and E.
 Nicandra, Adans.   Physaloides,  Gaert.   Apple of Peru.  Sparingly nat.
 Solanum, L.   dulcamara, L.  Bitter-sweet.   Gen.
         nigrum,  L.  Black Night-shade.   Gen.
         Carolinense.  Horse Nettle.   Cent, and S.

                            GENTIANACEJ3.

 Sabbatia, Adans.   annularis, Pursh.  American Centaury.   Gen.
 Frasera, Walt.  Carolinensis, Walt.   American Columbo.  Gen '
 Bartonia, Muhl.   tenella, Muhl.  Cleveland.
 Obolaria, L.  Virginica, L.  Pennywort.   Lancaster, Big.
 Gentiana, L.  crinita,  Frcel.   Blue-fringed Gentian.  Gen.
         quinqueflora, Lam.   Five flowered Gentian.  Gen.
         dctonsa,  Fries.  Shorn Gentian.  N.
         ochroleuca, Frcel.  Straw-colored Gentian.  Gen.
         saponaria, L.  Soapwort Gentian.   Gen.
         Andrewseii, Griesb.   Gen.
        puberula, Michx.  Cent., Sullivant.
Menyanthes, Tourn.  trifoliata, L.   Buck bean.  Cent,  and N. 
29
                            APOCYNACE^E.

Apocynum, Tourn.  androssemifolium, L.  Dogs-bane.  Gen.
         cannabinum, L.  Indian Hemp.  Gen.

                           ASCLEPIADACE^E.

Asclepias, L.   Cornuti, Dec.  Common Milkweed.  Gen.
         Sullivantii,  Engel.  Cent.,  Sullivant.
         phytolaccoides, Pursh.  Poke-leaved Milkweed.  Gen.
         purpurascens, L.  Purple Milkweed.  Gen.
         quadrifolia, Jacq.   Gen.
         verticillata, L.   Whorl-leaved Asclepias.  Gen.
         incarnata, L.  Rose-colored Milkweed.   Gen.
         tuberosa, L.  Butterfly Weed.   Milkweed.   Gen.
Acerates, Ell.   viridiflora, Ell.   Green  Milkweed.  Gen.
         longifolia, Ell.  Long-leaved Acerates.  Gen.
Enslenia, Nutt.  albida,  Nutt.  S.
Gonolobus, Michx.  macrophyllus, Michx.   S. and W.

                               OLEACE.E.

Ciiionanthus, L.  Virginica, L.   Fringe Tree.   S.
Fraxinus, Tourn.  Americana L.  White Ash.  Gen.
         viridis, Michx.  Green Ash.   Gen.
         sambucifolia, Lam.  Black or Water Ash.  Gen.
         quadrangulata,  Michx.   Blue Ash.  Gen.
         pubescens,  Lam.  Red Asb.   Summit Co.
 Ligustrum, Tourn.  vulgare, L.  Privet.  Introduced.

                           ARISTOLOCHIACE^E.

 Aristolochia, Tourn.  Serpentaria,  L.   Virginia Snake-root.  Gen.
 Asarum, Tourn.   Canadense, L.  Wild Ginger.  Gen.

                           CHENOPODIACE^E.

 Chenopodium,  L.  album, L.  Hog-weed.   Indigenous  gen.
         urbicum, L.  Introduced gen.
         hybridum,  L.   Tall Goose-foot.  Introduced gen.
         botrys, L.  Oak of Jerusalem. Introduced gen.
         ambrosioides, L.  Ambrosia Goose-foot.  Introduced gen.
         anthelminticum, L.  Worm Seed.   Gen.
 Blitum, L.  capitatum,  L.  Strawberry blite.   N.

                            AMARANTACE^E.

 Acnida, L.  cannabina,  L.  Water Hemp.   Cent, and S.
 Amarantus, Tourn.  bypocbondriacus,  L.   Prince's Feather.  Introduced gen.
         hybridus, L.  Hybrid Amaranth.  Int.  Gen.
         retroflexus, L.   Int. Gen.
         albus, L.  White Cock's Comb.  Int. Gen.
         spinosus, L.  Spiny Amaranth.  Int. S.
 Euxolus, Raf.   pumilus,  Raf.  False Amaranth.  Brownhelm, Kellogg.
 Iresine, P. Br.  celosioides, L.   S. 
30
                         PHYTOLACCACE^E.

 Phytolacca, Tourn.  decandra, L.  Poke-weed.   Gen.

                           POLYGONACE^E.

 Polygonum, L.  orientale, L.   Knot-grass.  Escaped frcm Gardens gen.
         amphibium. L.  Knot-weed.  Gen.
         nodosum, Pers.  Gen.
         Pennsylvanicum, L.   Penn. Knot-grass.   Gen.
         persicaria, L.  Spotted Knot-grass.  Naturalized gen.
         bydropiper, L.  Naturalized gen.
         bydropiperoides, Michx.  Bird Polygonum.  S.
         aviculare, L.   Gen.
         tenue, Michx.  Slender Knot-grass.   Gen.
         Virginianum, L.   Gen.
         arifolium, L.  Hastate Knot grass.  Gen.
         sagittatum, L.  Scratch-grass.   Gen.
         convovulus, L.  Knot Bind-weed.  Gen.
         cilinode, Michx.  Gen,
         dumetorum, L.  Gen.
         ramosissimum, Michx.  Lake Shore.
 Fagopyrum, Tourn.  esculentum, Mcench.  Buckwheat.  Introduced gen.
 Rumex, L.  verticillatus, L. Naked-spiked Dock.   Gen.
         altissimus, Wood.  Peach-leaved Dock   Gen.
         Hydrolapathum, Hudson.  Gen.
         crispus, L.  Yellow Dock.  Introduced gen.
         obtusifolius, L.  Broad-leaved Dock.  Introduced gen.
         Acetosella, L.  Field or Sheep Sorrel. Introduced Gen.

                             LAURACE^E.

 Sassafras, Nees.  officinale, Nees.  Sassafras.   Gen.
 Benzoin,  Nees.  odoriferum, Nees.  Spice Bush.  Gen.

                            THYMELACE^E.

 Dirca, L. palustris, L.  Moose Wood.   Gen.

                           EL^EAGNACE^E.

 Shepherdia, Nutt.   Canadensis, Nutt.  Summit Co.

                           SANTALACE^E.

 Comandra, Nutt.   umbellata, Nutt.   Bastard Toad Flax   Gen.

                           LORANTHACE^E.

Phoradendron, Nutt.   flavescens, Nutt.  False Mistletoe.   C. and 8.

                           SAURURACE^E.

Saururus, L.  cernuus, L.  Lizzard's Tail.   Gen.

                        CERATOPHYLLACE^E.

Ceratopkyllum, L. demersum, L.   Hornwort.  Gen.
        echinatum, Gray.  Gen. 
31
                          CALLITRICHACE.E.

Callitriche, L.  verna, L.   Water Starwort.  Gen.
         var. platycarpa.  Black River.  Kellogg.
         linearis, Pursh.  Black River.   Kellogg.

                           PODOSTEMACE^E.

Podostemum,  Michx.  ceratophyllum, Michx.  River Weed.  Gen.

                           EUPHORBIA CE.E,

Euphorbia, L.  corollata, L.  Flowering Spurge.  Gen.
         peplus, L.  Int. gen.
         maculata.  Spotted Spurge.  Gen.
         dentata, Michx.   Tooth-leaved Spurge.   S. W.
         polygonifolia, L.   Knot-grass Spurge.   Lake  Shore.
         hypericifolia  Eye-bright Spurge.   Gen.
Phyllanthus, L.   Carolinensis, Walt.  S.
Acalypha, L.   Virginica, L.  Three seeded Mercury.   S. W.
         Caroliniana, Walt. S. W.

                              URTICACE^E.

Ulmus, L.  fulva,  Michx.   Slippery or Red  Elm.  Gen.
         Americana, L.  American or White Elm.  Gen.
         racemosa, Thomas.  Cork Elm.  N.
Celtis, Tourn. occidentalis, L.  Hackberry.  C. and S.
Morus, Tourn. rubra, L.   Mulberry,  Gen.
         alba, L.  Int. gen.
Urtica, Tourn.  gracilis, Ait.   Nettle.   Gen.
         dioica, L.  Int. gen.
         urens, L.  Int. gen.
Laportea, Gaudich.   Canadensis, Gaud.  Wood Nettle.  Gen.
Pilea, Lindl.   pumila, Gray.  Rich Weed.  Gen.
Bcehmeria, Jacq.   cylindrica, Willd.  False Nettle.  Gen.
Parietaria, Tourn.   Pennsylvanica, Muhl.  Pellitory.  Gen.
Cannabis, Tourn.   sativa L.  Hemp.  Escaped from cultivation.   Gen.
Humulus, L.  Lupulus, L.   Hop.  Gen.

                             PLATANACE.E.

Platanus, L.   occidentalis, L.  Sycamore.  Gen.

                            JUGLANDACE.E.

Juglans, L.   cinerea, L.  Butternut, White Walnut.   Gen.
         nigra, L.  Black Walnut.  Gen.
Carya, Nutt.   alba, Nutt.  Shag-bark Hickory.   Gen.
         sulcata, Nutt.  Thick Shell-bark Hickory.   Gen.
         tomentosa, Nutt.   White Heart Hickory.  Gen.
         microcarpa,  Nutt.   Small-fruited Hickory.  Gen.
         glabra, Torr.  Pig Nut.   Gen.
         amara, Nutt.  Bitternut Hickory.  Gen.
         myristicteformis, Michx.   Nutmeg Hickory Nut.  Stark Co., Klippart. 
32
                              CUPULIFEELE.

 Quercus, L.   alba, L.  White Oak.   Gen.
         tinctoria, Bart.  Black or Yellow Oak.  Gen.
         palustris, Du Roi.   Pin or Water Oak.  Gen.
         castanea, Willd.   Chestnut Oak.   Gen.
         macrocarpa, Michx.  Overcup  White Oak.  Gen.
         var. olivaeformis.  Mossy-cup Oak   Gen.
         coccinea, Wang.  Scarlet Oak.   Gen.
         imbricaria, Michx.  Lanrel or Shingle Oak.   Gen.
         prinoides, Willd.  Gen.
         ilicifolia, Wang.  Scrub or Bear Oak.  Gen.
         nigra, L.   Black-jack Oak.   Gen.
         prinus, var. discolor.  Swamp Chestnut Oak.   Gen-
         prinus, var. monticola.  Gen.
         obtusiloba, Michx.  Gen.
 Castanea, Tourn.   vesca, L   Chestnut.   Gen.
         pumila, Michx.  Chinquapin.  Marietta, Rid.
 Fag us, Tourn.  ferruginea, Ait.  Beech.   Gen.
 Corylus, Tourn.  Americana, Walt.   Hazel.   Gen.
 Carpinus, L.  Americana, Michx.  Hornbeam.   Gen.
 Ostrya, Micheli.  Virginica, Willd.  Hop  Hornbeam, Iron-wood.   Gen.

                              MYRICACE^E.

 Myrica, L.  cerifera, L.  Wax Myrtle.  Lake Shore, Rid.
 Comptonia, Solander.  asplenifolia, Ait.  Sweet Fern.   N. gen.

                              BETULACEJE.

Betula, Tourn.  lenta, L.   Black or Mahogany Birch.   Gen.
         nigra.  Red Birch.  Gen.
         excelsa.  Soft or Yellow Bircb.   N.
         pumila.   Dwarf Birch.   C.  and N.
 Alnus, Tourn.   incana, Willd.  Alder.  N.
         serrulata, Ait.   Common Alder.  Gen.

                              SALICACE^E.

Salix, Tourn.   Candida, Willd.  White Willow.  C. and N.
         tristis, Ait.   Sage  Willow.  Gen.
         humilis, Marshall.   Gen.
         rostrata, Rich,   Beaked Willow.  N.
         alba, L.  White Willow.  Int.
         Digra, Marshall.  Black Willow.   C. and S.
         fragilis, L.   Crack Willow.   Int.
         lucida, Muhl.  Shining Willow.   Gen.
         sericea, Marshall.   Gen.
         petiolaris, Smith.  Long-stalked Green Osier.   Gen.
         cordata.  Heart-leaved Willow.   Gen.
         angustata, Pursh.   Narrow-leaved Willow.  Gen.
         longifolia, Muhl.  Long-leaved Willow.  Gen.
Populus, Tourn.  tremuloides, Mich.   American Aspen.  White Poplar.   Gen.
         grandidentata, Michx.   Large Poplar.   Gen.
         monilifera, Ait.  Cotton Wood.   C. and S. 
53
        angulata, Ait.  Western Cotton Tree.  C. and S.
        balsamifera, L.  Balsam Tree.  Gen.
        candicans, Ait.  Balm-of-Gilead.   Gen.

                         QYMNOSPERM^.

                              CONIFER.E.

Pinub, Tourn.   inops, Ait.  Jersey or Scrub Pine.   C. or S.
         rigida, Miller.  Pitch Pine.  C. and S.
        strobus, L.  White Pine.  N.
        Banksiana, Lam.  Scrub Pine.  S. and N.
Abies, Tourn.   Canadensis, Michx.  Hemlock Spruce.  Gen.
Larix, Tourn.   Americana, Michx.  Tamarack.  N.
Cupressus, L.   Thyoides, L.   White Cedar.   E. and S.
Juniperus, L.   communis, L.  Common Juniper.   Summit county.
        Virginiana, L.  Red Cedar.  Gen.
Taxus, Tourn.  Canadensis, L.  Dwarf Yew.   N.  and C.

                     CLASS  II.  ENDOGENS.

                               ARACE^E.

Arum, L.   triphyllum, Toit.  Jack-in-the-Pulpit.   Gen.
        Dracontium, Schott.  Green Dragon.  Gen.
Peltandra, Raf.  Virginica, Raf.  Arrow Arum.  N.
Calla, L.  palustris, L.  Water  Arum.  N.
Symplocarpus, Salisb.  foetidus, Salisb.  Skunk Cabbage.   Gen.
Acorus, L.  Calamus, L.   Sweet Flag.  Gen.

                              LEMNACE^E.

Lemna, L.   trisulca, L.  Ivy-leaved Duck-meat.  Gen.
        minor, L.  Lesser Duck-meat.   Gen.
        polyrrhiza, L.   Gen.

                              TYPHACE^E.

Typha, Tourn.  latifolia, L.  Cat-tail Flag.  Gen.
         var angustifolia.   Gen.
Sparqanidm, Tourn.  ramosum, Hudson.  Burr Reed.  N. and C.
         angustifolium, Michx.  N. and C.
        simplex, Michx.   N. and C.

                            NAIAD ACE^.

Naiab, L.   flexilis, Rostk.   Naiad.   Gen.
Zannichkllia, Micheli.  palustris, L.   Horned Pondweed.  Gen.
Potamoqeton, Tourn.  natans, L.  Broad-leaved Pondweed.  Gen.
        pectinatus, L.  Fennel-leaved Pondweed.   N.
        compressus, L.  Gen.
        praelongus, Wulf.  Long-stalked Pondweed.  N.
        pauciflorus, Pursh.   Grassy Pondweed.  Gen.
        fucens, L.  Shining Pondweed.  N.
        Robbinsii, Oakes.  Robbin's Pondweed.  N.  Dr. Canfield.
            3 
34
                               ALISMACE^E.

 Triglochin, L.  palustre, L.  Marsh Arrow Grass.  N. and C.
         maratimum, L.  Sea Arrow Grass.  N. and C.
 Sceuchzeria,  L   palustris, L.   Summit county.
 Alisma, L.  Plantago, L.   Water Plantain.   Gen.
 Sagittaria, L.  variabilis,  Eng.   Arrow Head.  Gen.
    i
                          HYDRO CHARIDACE^E.

 Anacharis, Rich.   Canadensis, Planch.  Water Weed.   Gen.
 Vallisneria, Micheli.   spiralis, L. Eel  Grass.   Gen.

                             ORCHIDACEAE.

 Orchis, L.  spectabilis, L.   Showy Orchis.  Gen.
 Gymnadenia, R. Br.  tridentata, Lindl.   C. and S
 Platanthera, Rich,  rotundifolia, Lindl.  N.
         orbiculata, Lindl.   Gen.
         Hookeri,  Lindl.  N.
         bracteata, Torr. f*N.
         hyperborea, Lindl.  N.
         flava, Gray.  ' Gen.
         ciliaris, Lindl.  N.
         lacera, Gray.  N.
         psycodes, Gray.   C. and N.
         fimbriata, Lindl.  Gen.
         leucophaea, Nutt.   Gen.
         blephariglottis, Lindl.   N.
         peramcena, Gray.   S.
 Goodyera, R. Br.  pubescens, R. Br.  Rattle-Snake Plantain.   Gen.
         repens, R. Br.   Gen.
 Spiranthes, Rich'd.  gracilis, Bigel.  Ladies' Tresses.  Gen.
         latifolia, Torr.   N.
         cernua, Rich'd.   Gen.
 Listera, R. Br.  cordata, R. Br.   Tway Blade.  E. and N.
 Arethusa, Gronov. bulbosa, L.   Bulbous Arethusa.  Lorain  Co., Kellocm
 Pogonia, Juss.   Ophioglossoides, Nutt.  Gen.
         pendula, Lindl.  Summit Co.
         verticillata, Nutt.   Chardon, Canfield.
 Calopogon, R. Br.   pulchellus, R  Br.  Grass Pink.   Gen.
Tipularia, Nutt.   discolor, Nutt.   Gen.
Microstylis, Nutt.   Ophioglossoides, Nutt.  Adder's Mouth.  C. and S.
 Corallorhiza, Haller.   multiflora, Nutt.   Coral Root.  Gen.
         odontorhiza, Nutt.  Dragon's  Claw.   Gen.
         innata, R. Br.  S. W.
 Aplectrum,  Nutt.   hyemale, Nutt.  Adam and Eve.  Lancaster, Bigelow.
 Cypripedium, L.  pubescens, Willd.  Ladies' Slipper.  Gen.
         acaule, Ait.  Acaulescent.  N. and C
         spectabile, Swartz.  Showy  Ladies' Slipper.  N. and C.
         parviflorum,  Salisb.  Yellow.   N. and 0.
         candidum, Muhl.   White.  N. and C.
 Liparis, Richard.  Liliifolia, Richard.  Tway Blade.  Gen.
         Loeselii, Richard.   N. 
35
                          AMARYLLIDACEJl.

Hypoxis, L.   erecta, L.  Star Grass.  Gen.

                           H^EMODORACE^E.

Aletris, L.   farinosa,  L.   Colic Root.  S.

                              IRIDACE^E.

Iris, L.  versicolor, L.  Blue Flagg.  Gen.
         lacustris, Nutt.  Hocking Co., Big.
Sisyrinchium, L.  Bermudiana, L.  Blue-eyed Grass.  Gen.

                            DIOSCOREACE^E.

 Dioscorea, Plumier.  villosa, L.  Yam Root.   Gen.

                               SMILACE^E.

 Smilax, Tourn.   rotundifolia, L.  Green Brier.   Gen.
          var. quadrangularis.   Gen.
          tamnoides, L.   Gen.
          hispida, Muhl.   Gen.
          glauca, Walt.   Gen.
          herbacea, L.  Gen.

                              TRILLIACE.E.

 Trillium, L.  cernuum, L.  Gen.
          erectum, L.  Bath Flower.   Gen.
          var. album.  Gen.
          sessile, L.  Sessile-flowered Trillium.  Gen.
          grandiflorum.  Salisb.  Large-flowered Trillium.  Gen.
          nivale, Riddell.  Snowy-flowered  Trillium.  Gen.
          erythrocarpum, Michx.  Smiling Wake-robin.  N.
  Medeola, Gronov.  Virginica, L.  Cucumber Root.  Gen.

                                LILIACE^E.

  Polygonatcm, Tourn.   biflorum, Ell.  Solomon's Seal.   Gen.
          giganteum, Dietrich.  Gen.
          multiflorum, Desf.  Lancaster, Bigelow.
  Smilacina,  Desf.  racemosa, Desf.  False Solomon's Seal.   Gen.
          stellata.'f Desf.   Gen.
          trifolia.  Desf.   Summit Co.
  Scilla, L.   Fraseri,  Gray.  Wild Hyacinth.  Gen.
  Allium, L.   Canadense, Kalm.  Canadian Onion.  Gen.
         - tricoccum, Ait.  Lance-leaved Onion.  Gen.
          cernuum, Roth.   Nodding Onion.   Gen.
  Clintonia,  Raf.  borealis, Raf.  N.
  Lilium,L.  Philadelphicum, L.  Lily.   Gen.
          Canadense, L.   Yellow Lily.   Gen.
          superbum,  L.  • Superb Lily, Turk's Cap.  Gen.
  Erythronium, L.  Americanum, Smith.   Yellow Adder's Tongue.  Gen.
          albidum, Nutt.   White Adder's Tongue.  Gen. 
36
                           MELANTHACELE.

Uvularia, L.   grandiflora, Smith.   Bellwort.   Gen.
         perfoliata, L.  Gen.
         sessilifolia, L.  Gen,
Prosartes, Don.   lanuginosa, Don.  E.
Streptopus, Michx.   amplexifolius, D. C. „ Summit, Co.
Zygadenus, Michx.  glaberrimus, Michx.  Summit Co.
         glaucus, Nutt.   Columbus, Sullivant.
Melanthium, Gronov.  Virginicum, L.   Cent, and S.
Stenanthium,  Gray,   angustifolium, Gray.  Cent, and S. W.
Veratrum, Tourn.  viride,  Ait.   White Hellebone.  N.
Cham^elerium, Willd.   luteum, Gray.  Devil's Bit.  Gen.

                              JUNCACE^E.

Luzula, D. C.  pilosa, Willd.  Hairy Wood Rush.  Gen.
         campestris, D. C.   Field Wood Rush.   Gen.
Juncus, L.  effusus, L.   Bull Rush.  Gen.
         filiformis, L.   Thread Rush.   N.
         setaceus, Rostk.  Bristly Rush.  S.
         scirpoides, Lam.   Gen.
         acuminatus, Michx.  Gen.
         militaris, Bigel.   Bayonet Rush.  S.
         nodosus, L.  N.
         Conradi, Tuck.  Gen.
         marginatus, Rostk.  Gen.
         stygius, L.  North, Lesq.
         tenuis, Willd.  Slender Rush.   Gen.
         bufonius.  Toad Rush.  Gen.
Pontederia, L.  cordata.   Pickerel Weed. ^N. Gen.
Schollera, Schreber.  graminea, Willd.  Water Star Grass.   Gen.

                           COMMELYNACE^E.

Commelyna, Dill,   erecta, L.  Day Flower.  S
         Virginica, L.   S. W.
Tradescantia, L.   Virginica, L.  Spider-wort.  Gen.
         pilosa, Lehm.  S.

                             XYRIDACE^E.

Xyris, L.   Caroliniana, Walt.  Yellow-eyed Grass.  Gen.
         bulbosa,  Kunth.  Lancaster, Big.

                             CYPERACE^E.

Cyperus, L. diandrus, Torr.  Diandrous Sedge.  Gen.
         var. castaneus, Torr.  Gen.
         strigosus, L.   Gen.
         dentatus, Torr.  Gen.
         filiculmis, Vahl.  Cent, and S.
         retrofractus, Torr.  Cent, and S.
         ovularis, Torr.   Gen.
        flavescens, L.   Yellow Sedge.   N. Lesqx.
         inflexus,  Muhl.  Cent.
        phymatodes, Muhl.  Cent. 
37
Kyllingia, L.   pumila, Michx.  C. and S.
Dulichium, Rich'd.  spatheceum, Pers.  Gen.
Elkochabis, R. Br.  Equisetoides, Torr.   Horse-tail Rush.   Gen.
         obtusa, Schultes.   Gen.
         olivacea, Torr.   South Lesqx.
         palustris, R. Br.  Marsh  Club Rush.   Gen.
         tenuis, Schultes.  Slender Club Rush.  Gen.
         rostellata, Torr.   Gen.
         acicularis, R. Br.  Hair Club Rush.  Gen.
         intermedia, Schultes.   Turf  Club Rush   Gen.
 Scirpub, L.  Planifolius, Muhl.  Flat-leaved Club Rush.  N.
         pungens, Vahl.  N.
         lacustris, L.  Lake Bull Rush.  Gen.
         maratimus, L.  Sea Bull Rush.  Gen.
         fluviatilis, Torr.   River Rush.  N.
         eriophorum, Michx.   Wool grass.  Gen.
         lineatus, Michx.  Gen.
         polyphyllus, Vahl.   Gen.
 Eriophorum, L.  Virginicum, L.  Cotton Grass.   Gen.
         alpinum, L.  N.
         vaginatum, L.   Sheathed Grass.  N.
         gracile, Koch.   N.
         polystachyon, L.  Many-spiked Grass.   Gen.
 Fimbrisiylis, Vahl.  capillaris, R. and S.  Gen
         autumnalis, R. and S.  Cincinnati, Kellogg.
 Fiurena, Rottb.   squarrosa, Michx.  Umbrella Grass.   N.
 Ceratoschcenus, Nees.  corniculata, Nees.  Horned Rush.  Gen.
 Rhynchobpora, Vahl.  fusca, R. and  S.   Beak Rush.   Gen,
         capillacea, Torr.  Gen.
         glomerata, Vahl.  S. and W.
         alba, Vahl.  White  Bog-rush.   C. and S.
 Cladium, P. Browne,   mariscoides, Torr.  Twig Rush.   Gen.
 Scleria, L.   triglomerata, Michx.  Whip Grass.   Gen.
         pauciflora, Muhl.  Gen.
          verticillata, Muhl.  Gen.
 Carex, L.  chordorhiza,  Ehrh.  Sedge.  N.
          rosea, Schk.  Gen.
          cephalophora, Muhl.   Gen.
          Bparganioides, Muhl.  Gen.
          stipata, Muhl.   Gen.
          bromoides, Schk.  Gen.
          vulpinoidea, Michx.   Gen.
          decomposita, Muhl.   Gen.
         paniculata, L.   Gen.
          trisperma, Dew.  N.
          Deweyana, Schw.   N.
          tenuiflora, Wabl.  N.
          stellulata, Good.  Gen.
          scoparia, Schk.   Gen.
          festucacea, Schk.  Gen.
          straminea, Schk.  Gen.
          aurea, Nutt.  N.
         vulgaris, Fries.  N.
         crinita, Lam.   Gen.
         polytrichioides, Muhl.   Gen. 
38
squarrosa, L.   Gen.
Buxbaumii, Wahl.  N.
triceps, Michx.  Gen.
virescens, Muhl.   Gen.
gracillima, Schw.  Gen.
formosa,  Dewey.   N. and E,
Davisii, Torr. and Schw.   Gen.
lanuginosa, Michx.   Gen.
Pennsylvanica, Lam.  N.
Novae-Anglise, Schw.  N.
pubescens, Muhl.  Gen.
oligocarpa, Schk.   Gen.
laxiflora, Lam.  Gen.
tetanica, Schk.  Gen.
anceps, Muhl.  Gen.
plantaginea, Lam.  N.
Careyana, Torr.  Gen.
digitalis, Willd.   Gen.
sylvatica, Hudson.  Gen.
OSderi, Ehrh.   N.
flava, L.  N.
Backii, Boott.   N.
Hitchcockiana, Dewey.   Gen.
folliculata, L.   Gen.
intumescens, Ruidge.  Gen,
lupulina, Muhl.   Gen.
tentaculata, Muhl.  Gen.
oligosperma, Michx.  N.
aristata, R. Br.  N.
hystricina, Willd.  Gen.
longirostris,£Torr.  N.
limosa, L. N.
umbellata, Schk.   South, rare.
muricata, L.   South, rare.
lagopodioides, Schk.  Gen.
Shortiana, Dewey.   Gen.
panicea,  L.  Gen.
Sullivantii, Boott.  Columbus, Sullivant.
arida, Torr. and  Schw.   S
monile, Tuck.   Gen.
stenolepis, Torr.   S.
squarrosa, L.   Gen.
hirsuta, Willd.   S.
pseudo-cyperus,  L.  N.
Willdenovii, Schk.  Gen.
vulpina/L.- Gen.
retroflexa, Muhl.  Gen.
bullata, Schk.  Gen.
granularis, Muhl.  Gen.
platyphylla.   Carey.  N.
Grayii, Carey.   Cent.
vesicaria, L.  JT.
 ampullacea, Good.  Cent.
tenella,_Schk.  C. and N.
crus-corvi, Shuttle worth.   S. 
39
        stricta, Lam.  Gen.
        teretiuscula, Good.  Gen.

                               GR AMINES.
Leersia, Solander.  Oryzoides, Swartz.  Cut Grass.   Gen.
         virginica, Willd.  White Grass.  Gen.
Zizania, Gronov.   aquatica, L.  Indian Rice.  N.
         miliacea, Michx.  S.
Alopecurus, L.   geniculatus, L.   Fox-tail Grass.  Gen.
         pratensis, L.  Fox-tail Grass.  Gen.
Phleum, L.  pratense, L.  Timothy Grass.  Nat. gen.
Vilfa, Adans.  vaginaeflora, Torr.   Rush  Grass.  Gen.
Sporobolus, R. Br.  heterolepis, Gray.   Columbus, Sullivant.
Agrostis, L.  scabra, Willd.   Hair Grass.  Gen.
         vulgaris, With.  Red Top Grass.   Nat. gen.
Cinna, L.   arundinacea, L.  Wood Reed Grass.  Gen.
Muhlenbergia, Schreb.  glomerata, Trin.   Gen.
         Mexicana, Trin.  Gen.
         sylvatica, T. and  G.  Gen.
         Wildenovii, Trin.   Gen.
         diffusa, Schreb.   Drop-seed Grass.   Gen.
         capillaris, Kuntb.   Gen.
Brachyelytrum, Beauv.  aristatum, Beauv.   Gen.
Calamagrostis, Adans.   Canadensis, Beauv.   Reed Grass.   Blue Joint.   Gen.
Oryzopsis, Michx  asperifolia, Michx.  Mountain Rice.
Stipa, L.  avenacea, L.   Feather  Grass.   Gen.
Aristida, L.  dichotoma, Michx.  Poverty Grass.  Gen.
         stricta, Michx.  Upright Aristida.  Gen.
Eleusine,  Gaert.   Indica, Gaert.  Wire Grass.   Nat.   S.
Spartina,  Willd.  cynosuroides, Willd.  Cord Grass.  Gen.
Leptoohloa, Beauv.  mucronata, Kunth.  S.
Triouspis, Beauv.  Seslerioides, Torr.  Tall Red-top  Grass.
Diarrhena, Raf. Americana, Beauv.  S.
Dactylis, L.  glomerata, L.   Orchard Grass.   Introduced gen.
 Kceleria,  Pers.  cristata,  Pers.  Gen.
 Eatonia, Raf.  Pennsylvanica, Gray.   Gen.
          obtusata, Gray.  Gen.
 Melioa, L.   mutica, Walt.  Melic Grass.   S.
 Glyceria, R. Br.  fluitans, R. Br.  Manna Grass.  Gen.
          acutiflora, Torr.  Lancaster, Bigelow.
          Canadensis, Trin.  N.
          obtusa, Trin.   South, Riddell.
           nervata, Trin.  Gen.
 Poa, L.  annua L.  Annual Spear Grass.   Gen.
          sylvestris.  C. and S.
          alsodes, Gray.  N.
          serotina, Ehrh.  Meadow Red-top.  N.
          pratensis, L.   Ky. Blue  Grass.   C.  and S.
          compressa, L.  Virginia Blue Grass.  C. and S
          brevifolia, Muhl.   C. and S.
 Eragrostis, Beauv.  reptans, Nees.   Gen.
          pilosa, Beauv.  Introduced gen.
          poseoides, Beauv.  Introduced gen.
          capillaris, Nees.  C. and S.
 Festuoa,  L.  tenella, Willd.  Slender Fescue Grass.   Gen. 
40
           duriuscula, Fuller.  Hard Fescue Grass.   N. Lesqx.
           elatior, L.   Tall Fescue Grass.   Int. gen.
           nutans, Willd.  Gen.
  Bkomus, L.  ciliatus, L.  Gen.
           secalinus, L.  Cheat, Chess.  Int. Gen.
           Kalmii, Gray.  Gen.
  Uniola, L.  latifolia, Michx.  Spike Grass.  S.
  Phragmites, Trin.  communis, Trin.  Cane.  C. and S.
  Triticum, L.  repens, L.  Wheat, Couch Grass.  Gen.
  Lolium, L.  perenne, L. Darnel.   Int. gen.
  Elymus, L.  Virginicus, L.  Wild Rye.  Gen.
           Canadensis, L. Gen.
          striatus, Willd. Gen.
  Gtmnostichum, Schreb.   Hystrix, Schreb.   Gen.
  Hqrdeum, L.  pusillum, Nutt.   Barley.  C. and S.
          jubatum, L.   N.
  Aira, L.  flexuosa, L.  Hair Grass.   C. and S.
          ccespitosa.  L.  N.
  Dantiionia, D. C.  spicata, Beau.  Wild Oat Grass.  N.
  Trisetum, Pers.  Palustre,  Torr.   S.
          molle, Kunth,  N.
  Avena, L.   striata, Michx.   Oat.   N.
  Anthoxanthum, L.  odoratum, L.   Sweet-scented Grass.  Nat. gen.
 Phalaris, L.  arundinacea, L.  Canary Grass.  Gen.
  Milium, L.  effusum, L.  Millet Grass.  N.
  Paspalum, L.   fluitans, Kunth.  S.  Gray.
  Panicum, L.  sanguinale, L.  Fine Finger Grass.   Int. gen.
          capillare, L.   Annual Field  Panic.  Gen.
          latifolium, L.   Gen.
          microcarpon, Muhl.   Gen.
          xanthophysum, Gray.  N.
         dichotomum, L. Gen.
         crus galli, L.  Int. gen.
         agrostoides, Spreng.  Gen.
         virgatum, L.   Salt-lick  Panic.  Gen.
         clandestinum, L.  Gen.
         depauperatum, Muhl.   Gen.
 Setaria, Beauv.  verticillata, Beauv.  Fox-tail Grass.  Int. Gen.
         glauca, Beauv.  Int. gen.
         viridis, Beauv.  Int. gen.
 Cknohrus, L.  tribuloides, L.  Bur Grass.   Lake Shore.
 Andropoqon, L.  furcatus, Muhl.  Beard Grass.  Gen.
         scoparius, Michx.   Gen.
         Virginicus, L.  Gen.
 Sorghum, Pers.   nutans, Willd.  Wood Grass.   C. and S.


                    CRYPTOGAMIA.
                               ACROGENiE.

                            EQUISETACE^E,

Equisbtum.  arvense, L.  Field Horse-tail Rush.  Gen.
         sylvaticum, L.   Wood Horse-tail Rush.  Gen.
         limosum, L.  Pipes.  Gen.
         hyemale, L.  Scouring Horse-tail Rush.   Gen. 
41
        rariegatum, Schl.  Black River, Kellogg.
        icirpoides, Michx.  N.

                               FILICES.
Polypodium, L.  vulgare, L.  Common Poly-pod.  G«n.
        bexagonopterum, Michx.   C. and S.
        phegopteris, L.  C. and S.
        incanum,  Willd.  S.
Pteris.  aquilina, L.  Common Brake.  Gen.
Adiantum, L.  pedatum, L.  Maiden Hair.   Gen.
Woodwardia, Smith,  angustifolia,  Smith.  N. E.
        virginica, Willd.  N. E.
Camptosorus, Link,  rhizaphyllus, Link.  Walking-leaf.  Summit Co.
Asplenium, L.  Ruta-muraria, L.  Wall-rue Spleenwort.  Gen.
        montanum, Willd.  Elyria, Kellogg.
        ebeneum, Ait.  Ebony Spleenwort.  Gen.
        angustifolium, Michx.   Swamp Spleenwort.  Gen.
        thelypteroides, Michx.  Silvery Spleenwort.  Gen.
        filix-foemina, R. Br.  Gen.
        trichomanes, L.  Dwarf Spleenwort.  Gen.
        pinnatifidum, Nutt. Elyria, Kellogg.
Dioksonia,  L'Her.  punctilobula, Hook.  Mountain Fern.   Gen
Woodsia, R. Br.  glabella, R. Br.   Elyria,  Dr. Kellogg.
Cystopteris, Bernh.  bulbifera, Bernb.  Gen.
        fragilis, Bernb.  Gen.
Aspidium, Swartz.   Thelypteris, Swartz.  Shield Fern.  Gen.
        Nove-boracense, Willd.  Gen.
         marginale, Swartz,  Gen.
         spinulosum, Swartz.   Gen.
         cristatum, Swartz.   Crested Fern.   Gen.
         Goldianum, Hook.  Goldie's Fern.  Gen.
         acrostichoides, Swartz.  Gen.
         var. incisum, Gray.  Gen.
Onoclea, L.  sensibilis, L.  Sensitive Fern.   Gen.
Lyqodium, Swartz.   palmatum, Swartz.  Climbing Fern.   S. and E.
Osmunda, L.  regalis, L.  Royal Flowering Fern.  Gen.
         Claytoniana, L.  Gen.
        cinnamomea, L.  Cinnamon-colored Fern.  Gen.
Botrychium, Swartz.  lunarioides, Swartz.  Moon-wort.  N.
         Virginicum, Swartz.   Rattle-snake Fern.  Gen.
        var. simplex.  Elyria, Kellogg.
Ophioglossum, L.  vulgatum, L. Adder's  Tongue.  C.

                           LYCOPODIACE^E.
Lycopodium, L.  lucidulum, Michx.   Shining Club Moss.  Gen.
        inundatum, L.   Marsh Club Moss.  N.
        annotinum, L.  Interrupted Club Moss.  N.
        dendroideum,  Michx.   Tree Club  Moss.  N.
        clavatum, L.  Common Club Moss.  N.
        Carolinianum, L.  S.
        complanatum, L.  Ground Pine.   Gen.
Selaginella, Beauv.  rupestris.  Spring.   Gen.
                           HYDROPTERIDES.

Azolla, Lam.  Caroliniana, Willd.   Gen. 
\ 

V
 I
CATALOGUE
s/t/S s£ AiJJi *f<u**.
OF THE
FLOWERING PLANTS AND FERNS
OF  OHIO.
BY
J S. NEWBERRY, M.D.
{From the Ohio Agricultural Report for 1859.)
2 * :: ? )
       COLUMBUS:
RICHARD NEVINS, PRINTER.
          1860. 

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