GOULD’S 
Pocket Medical Dictionary. 
13,000 MEDICAL WORDS 
Pronounced and Defined. 
A Student’s Pronouncing Medical Dexicon. Containing 
all the Words, their Definition and Pronunciation, that the 
Student generally comes in contact with; also elaborate 
Tables of the Arteries, Muscles, Nerves, Bacilli, etc., etc.; 
a Dose List in both English and Metric System, etc., 
arranged in a most convenient form for reference and 
memorizing. Thin 641x10. 
Flexible Morocco, net, $1.00; Thumb Index, net, #1.25. 
The great success of Dr. Gould’s “ New Medical Dic- 
tionary” suggested the publication of this smaller volume 
for the pocket. It has been prepared upon the same 
practical, systematic plan as the larger book, and like it, 
has been based upon the most recent medical literature. It 
contains about 12,000 words—nearly double the number 
in any other pocket medical dictionary—and as many 
of these words are not to be found in any other dictionary, 
large or small, it may, from this point of view, be con- 
sidered as a supplement to them. 
The form and size of the volume inches) have 
been selected as most practical. It is printed on very good, 
thin, opaque paper, from a clear, new type; it is no wider 
than the old-shaped books; it is thinner; and the length 
of the page has permitted the addition of several thousand 
words. It will be found to slip readily into any pocket 
that will take the “ 32mos,” and, unlike them, will not 
feel or look bulky. 
May be ordered through any Bookseller. 
P. BLAK1ST0N, SON & CO., Publishers 
1012 Walnut Street, Philadelphia THE 
LATIN GRAMMAR 
OP 
PHARMACY and MEDICINE 
BY 
D. H. ROBINSON, PH. D. 
DEAN OF SCHOOL OF ARTS, AND PROFESSOR OF LATIN LANGUAGE AND 
LITERATURE, UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS. 
WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY 
L E. SAYRE, Ph.G. 
PROFESSOR OF PHARMACY IN, AND DEAN OF, DEPARTMENT OF 
PHARMACY, UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS 
THIRD EDITION, REVISED, WITH ELABORATE VOCABULARIES 
PHILADELPHIA 
P. BLAKISTON, SON & CO. 
No. 1012 Walnut Street 
1896 Copyright, 1893, by 
P. BLAKISTON. SON & CO INTRODUCTION. 
I PROBABLY all Professors in our Schools of Pharmacy and 
Medicine, and especially those who aim at a broad educa- 
tion of their students, will agree that a knowledge of Latin 
is essential to a thorough comprehension of the language peculiar 
to their work. The student, however, who looks mainly to the 
practical side of his subject—seeing but a remote connection be- 
tween the ordinary Latin text-book and the special knowledge he 
requires—throws aside any systematic study of this important 
language, deeming it a waste of valuable time. To meet this 
grave objection of the special student, and yet, in a moderate 
degree, at least, accomplish the purpose referred to, explains the 
appearance of this book. 
The material in the following pages has been used in manuscript 
form by my classes of the past year, and I desire to state that, in 
spite of this disadvantage, its use has saved much time. The 
student has been able to accomplish twice the amount of work, 
and that more thoroughly than by the ordinary method. At the 
same time he has been interested in the work from the beginning. 
Dean of Department of Pharmacy, University of Kansas. 
L. E. Sayre, Ph.G., PREFACE. 
r I book is tbe outgrowth of experience. It was designed 
"*■ expressly to meet the needs of the first year pharmacy and 
medical students of this institution. Considerable experi- 
ence in teaching such students had clearly shown that those who 
had not studied Latin were at great disadvantage compared with 
those who had acquired a fair knowledge of that language. They 
were found to be much slower in understanding the terminology 
and securing a firm grasp of the subjects presented ; and, without 
a clear knowledge of terms, satisfactory progress was impossible. 
To remedy this difficulty, all pharmacy and first year medical 
students were required to study Latin, using the same text-books 
as do classical students. The result was a great improvement, but 
not as great as was anticipated. Something was found to be still 
lacking. For though the student made fair progress in learning 
the language, he of course made no progress in learning the pecu- 
liar terminology of his subject. Here was another difficulty. How 
should it be met ? It was very clear that if the student, while 
learning his Latin, could learn, at the same time, the names of 
drugs and many of the formulae for preparing medicines, a great 
gain would be made. This would make the study of the language 
practical, and bear directly upon his life-work. But how could 
this be done ? Where could a suitable book be found ? Who had 
published it ? These were some of our inquiries. Looking dili- PREFACE. 
gently in all directions, and searching carefully everywhere, we 
found to our surprise that no such book had yet been made. What 
should we do ? Give it up and go back to the old unsatisfactory 
way? In our perplexity a friend suggested that we make the 
desired book, or at least such a book as our experience in teaching 
showed that the pupil required ; that if we thus supplied the needs 
of our own students, we should probably supply the needs of thou- 
sands of others. With no guide, therefore, but our own experience 
and observation, we have prepared this little book for the special 
use of pharmacy and medical students. 
The aim has been to make it as practical for these students as 
the philosophical unfolding of the principles of Latin grammar 
would permit. Our motto has been, “ The minimum of theory 
and the maximum of practice.” 
In writing the exercises we have tried to avoid stiffness and for- 
mality, and make them lively and interesting, often carrying a 
connected thought through an entire lesson. 
The questions to be answered in Latin, carried through many 
lessons, will be found very useful in requiring the student to 
master a large vocabulary early in his course. To the same end 
the teacher will find it profitable to require the student to recite 
chiefly without a book. 
The book contains for translation many Latin prescriptions, and 
formulae for preparing medicines, partly taken from books written 
recently, and partly from the old Roman writers Cato and Celsus. 
We trust our “Suggestive Derivations” will also prove a valu- 
able feature of the work, and prompt the student to much earnest 
study of a similar nature in the line indicated. 
Our acknowledgments are due to Professor L. E. Sayre, the 
Dean of the Department of Pharmacy in the University of PREFACE. 
Kansas, for valuable suggestions and assistance in pharmacy; to 
Miss Adelaide Rudolph, Assistant Teacher of Latin in the same 
institution, for thoroughly testing the work in the class-room ; also 
to Ginn & Co., for permission to follow, as far as might suit our 
convenience, the plan of Collar & Daniell’s “ Beginner’s Latin 
Book.” 
Conscious that the book may contain many imperfections, we 
ask those into whose hands it may fall, to note and kindly send us 
such suggestions of changes as they think ought to be made, to the 
end that, if we are ever fortunate enough to reach a second edi- 
tion, such suggestions may be utilized in making a better and 
more useful work. 
D. H. Robinson, PREFACE TO REVISED EDITION. 
OINCE the publication of this book was largely an experiment in 
an untried field, those into whose hands it might fall were 
asked to note carefully its imperfections and report them to the 
author. With this request a number of scholarly physicians and 
pharmacists kindly complied. All the criticisms and suggestions 
offered have been carefully considered and given due weight in pre- 
paring the revised edition. The use of the book in the class-room 
has also suggested many desirable changes and necessary correc- 
tions. 
As a result of the revision it is hoped that the work will he found 
greatly improved, and better fitted for the use intended, as a book 
of reference for the physician and druggist, and a practical Latin 
grammar especially adapted to the needs of students of pharmacy 
and medicine. 
Due acknowledgments are hereby tendered to all who have 
kindly aided in the work by their criticisms and suggestions, and 
particularly to Dr. Charles Rice, of New York, who has given 
invaluable assistance, both in revising and in superintending the 
publication of this revision. 
D. H. R. CONTENTS. 
CHAPTER I.. 
Letters and Sounds. 
Analysis of the Alphabet 9 
Sounds of the Letters—Vowels, Diphthongs, Consonants . 9-10 
Division of Words into Syllables 10 
General Rules of Quantity 10-11 
Rules of Accent 11 
Names of Cases 11 
General Rules of Gender 11-12 
page 
First Declension 12-13 
Terminations of Cases 13 
Subject of a Finite Verb 13 
Direct Object 13 
Predicate Nominative 13 
Indirect Object 13 
Exercises 14-16 
CHAPTER II. 
Second Declension 16 
Termination of Cases 17 
Exercises 18 
Use of Appositi ves 18 
Exercises 18-20 
CHAPTER III. 
CHAPTER IV. 
First and Second Declensions 20 
Agreement of Adjectives 20 
Exercises 20-21 
Agent Expressed by Ablative with a or ah 21 
Exercises 22 
2 1 2 
CONTENTS. 
CHAPTER V. 
page 
Adjectives of First and Second Declensions 23 
Paradigms 23-24 
Exercises 24-26 
CHAPTER VI. 
Irregular Yerb Sum 26 
Inflection of the Verb 26-31 
Means and Instrument 29 
Interrogative Particles ne, nonne, num 31-32 
CHAPTER VII 
First Conjugation 34 
Paradigm of Verb Amo 34-37 
Exercises Illustrating the Use of the Present, Imperfect, 
and Future Indicative, and also the Present, Impera- 
tive and Infinitive 37-40 
CHAPTER VIII, 
First Conjugation. 
Exercises Illustrating the Use of the Perfect, Pluperfect 
and Future Perfect Indicative, and the Perfect Infini- 
tive 40-42 
CHAPTER IX 
Third Declension 42 
Consonant Stems 42 
Paradigms of Nouns with Mute Stems 42 
CHAPTER X. 
Second Conjugation. 
Paradigm of Verb Moneo 47-50 
CHAPTER XI 
Second Conjugation. 
Exercises Illustrating the Use of the Present, Imperfect 
and Future Indicative, and the Perfect Infinitive . . 51-54 
Second Conjugation. 
Exercises Illustrating the Use of the Perfect, Pluperfect 
and Future Perfect Indicative and the Perfect Infini- 
tive 65-57 
CHAPTER XII. CONTENTS. 
3 
CHAPTER XIII. 
Third Declension. page 
Paradigms of Nouns with Liquid Stems 57-58 
Ablative of Time 58 
Third Declension. 
Paradigms of Nouns with Sibilant Stems 59 
Ablative of Manner 60 
CHAPTER XIV. 
CHAPTER XV. 
Third Declension. 
Paradigms of Nouns with Stems in I 62, 63 
Verbs of Choosing, Calling, etc 64 
Third Declension. 
Paradigms of Nouns with Mixed Stems 67 
Rules of Gender 68 
Suggestive Derivations . 73 
CHAPTER XVI. 
CHAPTER XYII. 
Third Conjugation. 
Paradigm of the Verb Rego 73-77 
Third Conjugation. 
Exercises Illustrating the Use of the Present, Imperfect 
and Future Indicative, and the Present Imperative 
and Infinitive 78, 79 
CHAPTER XYIII. 
Third Conjugation. 
Exercises Illustrating the Use of the Perfect, Pluperfect 
and Future Perfect Indicative, and the Perfect Infini- 
tive 80-84 
Passage for Translation 84 
Suggestive Derivations 85 
CHAPTER XIX. 
CHAPTER XX. 
Comparison of Adjectives 87 
Regular and Irregular Comparison 88 
Declension of the Comparative 88 
Comparative without Quam 88 4 
CONTENTS. 
CHAPTER XXL 
page 
Comparison of Adverbs 91,92 
CHAPTER XXII. 
Fourth Conjugation 94 
Paradigm of the Verb Audio . 94-98 
CHAPTER XXIII. 
Fourth Conjugation. 
Exercises Illustrating the Use of the Present, Imperfect 
and Future Indicative, and Present Imperative and 
Infinitive 98-100 
Suggesdve Derivations 100 
Fourth Conjugation. 
Exercises Illustrating the Use of the Perfect, Pluperfect 
and Future Perfect Indicative, and the Perfect Infini- 
tive 101 
CHAPTER XXIV. 
CHAPTER XXV. 
Third Conjugation : Verbs in io. 
Paradigm of the Verb Capio 103-105 
CHAPTER XXVI. 
Third Conjugation : Verbs in io. 
Exercises Illustrating the Use of the Tenses of the Indica- 
tive, Imperative and Infinitive 106, 107 
Fourth Declension 108 
Paradigms 108,109 
CHAPTER XXVII. 
CHAPTER XXVIII. 
Fifth Declension m 
Paradigms m 
Rule of Gender m 
Ablative of Specification 113 
CHAPTER XXIX. 
Special Paradigms 113,114 
Passages for Translation 114 CONTENTS. 
5 
CHAPTER XXX. 
Classes of Pronouns 114 
Paradigms of Personals and Possessives 115 
Suggestive Derivations 118 
page 
CHAPTER XXXI. 
Demonstrative Pronouns. 
Paradigms and Exercises . 118-121 
CHAPTER XXXII. 
Demonstrative Pronouns 122 
Exercises 123 
Passages for Translation 124 
Relative, Interrogative and Indefinite Pronouns .... 125,126 
Agreement of a Relative 126 
Duration of Time 125 
Passage for Translation 130 
CHAPTER XXXIII. 
Compounds of Sum 131,132 
Dative governed by compounds 133 
CHAPTER XXXIV. 
Deponent Verbs. 
First and Second Conjugations 135 
Passages for Translation 137 
CHAPTER XXXV. 
CHAPTER XXXVI. 
Deponent Verbs. 
Third and Fourth Conjugations 137 
Ablative with utor, etc 137 
Verbs of Remembering and Forgetting 137 
CHAPTER XXXVII. 
Numeral Adjectives 139-141 
Partitive Genitive 141 
Suggestive Derivations 143 
CHAPTER XXXVIII. 
Irregular Verbs 144 
Paradigms of V6lo, Malo, Nolo 144,145 
Passages for Translation 147 6 
CONTENTS. 
CHAPTER XXXIX. 
Irregular Verbs. page 
Paradigm of FSro 147,148 
Passages for Translation 150 
CHAPTER XL. 
Irregular Verbs. 
Paradigms of Eo, Flo 151 
Passage for Translation 155 
Suggestive Derivations 165 
CHAPTER XLI. 
Prepositions 156 
Expressions of Place 156,157 
Suggestive Derivations 158 
Passages for Translation 159 
The Subjunctive. 
Sequence of Tenses 160,161 
Suggestive Derivations 162 
The Use of Quin ... 161 
CHAPTER XLII. 
CHAPTER XLIII. 
The Subjunctive. 
Purpose with ut and ne 162 
Subjunctive of Eo, EEro, VGlo 164 
Verbs of Pleasing, etc 164 
CHAPTER XLIV. 
The Subjunctive. 
Relative of Purpose 166 
Ablative of Characteristic, etc 167 
CHAPTER XLV. 
The Subjunctive. 
Result Clauses with ut 168 
Suggestive Derivations 169 
CHAPTER XLVI. 
CHAPTER XLVII. 
The Subjunctive. 
Cum Temporal 170 
Cum Causal and Concessive 170 
Passage for Translation 172 CONTENTS. 
CHAPTER XL VIII 
The Subjunctive. page 
Indirect Questions 172,173 
CHAPTER XLIX. 
The Subjunctive. 
Wishes and Conditions 174 
CHAPTER L. 
The Subjunctive. 
Hortatory Sentences 176 
Commands 177 
Prescriptions for Translation 177 
Suggestive Derivations 178 
CHAPTER LI, 
The Imperative 179 
Exercises Illustrating use 179 
CHAPTER LI I. 
The Infinitive 180 
Subject Accusative with verbs of Saying, etc 181 
Suggestive Derivations 183 
CHAPTER LIII. 
Participles 184 
Ablative Absolute 185 
Suggestive Derivations 187 
CHAPTER LIV. 
Impersonal Verbs 187 
Exercises Illustrating Use 188,189 
CHAPTER LV. 
Periphrastic Conjugations 189 
Future Active Participle 190 
Gerundive 192 
Supine 193 
Suggestive Derivations 195 
Reading Lessons 196 
Prescriptions 196 8 
CONTENTS. 
PAGE 
Formulae from German Pharmacopoeia 198-200 
Selections from Cato 204 
Selections from Celsus 205, 206 
Suggestive Derivations 206 
Latin-English Vocabulary 209-258 
English-Latin Vocabulary . 259-270 
General Index 271-274 
Vocabulary of Suggestive Derivations . . , 275-277 THE LATIR GRAMMAR 
OF 
PHARMACY AND MEDICINE, 
CHAPTER I. 
INTRODUCTORY. 
1. The Latin alphabet is the same as the English, with the 
omission of w. 
ALPHABET. 
2. Letters are divided into two classes: 
I. Vowels a, e, i, o, u, y. 
| II. Consonants,— 
1. Liquids l,m,n,r. 
2. Mutes,— 
(a) P-mutes p,b,fv. 
(b) T-rautes t, d. 
(c) K-mutes k, c, g, q (u). 
3. Sibilant s. 
4. Double consonants x, z. 
3. ROMAN METHOD OF PRONUNCIATION. 
OF PRONUNCIATION. 
1. Vowels. 
a is sounded like a in father. 
a “ “a in half. 
e ‘‘ “ e in they. 
& “ u e in them. 
i “ “ i in pique, 
i u “ i in pin. 10 
PRONUNCIATION. 
o is sounded like o in ore. 
6 “ “ o in obey. 
u “ u in rude. 
“ “ u in full. 
ae is sounded like ai in aisle. 
an “ “ ou in our. 
ei “ “ ei in veil. 
oe “ “ oi in toil. 
eu “ eu in feud. 
ui “ “ we. 
2. Diphthongs. 
3, Consonants. 
Most of the consonants have the same sounds as in English; 
but notice the following: 
c is sounded like c in cave. 
g “ “ g in give. 
j “ “ y in yess 
t “ “ t in time. 
s “ s in sin. 
y “ “ w in win. 
ch “ “ k in kite. 
4. SYLLABLES. 
1. In dividing a word into syllables, make as many syllables as 
there are vowels and diphthongs: gen-ti-d'-na, hry-o'-ni-a. 
2. A single consonant is joined with the vowel following: hu' 
me-rus, di'-gi-tus. 
3. If there are two or more consonants between two vowels, as 
many are joined to the following vowel as can be pronounced at 
the beginning of a wrord or syllable : sac'-cha-rum, del-phl'-ni-um. 
4. In compound words the division must show the component 
parts: ab'-est (ah, away; est, he is). 
5. The last syllable of a word is called the ultima; the one next 
to the last, the penult; the one before the penult, the antepenult. 
Syllables are in quantity either long, short or common. 
5. QUANTITY, PRONUNCIATION. 
11 
1. A syllable is long in quantity,— 
(a) If it contains a diphthong: or long vowel: ce-ru'-go. 
(6) If its vowel is followed by j, x, z, or any two consonants, 
except a mute with I or r: mix, plum'-hum, quas'-si-a. 
2. A syllable is short if its vowel is followed by another vowel 
or diphthong: oleum. 
3. A syllable is common if its vowel, naturally short, is followed 
by a mute with I or r: px-gri, d'-gri. 
The signs “, w, -, are used to mark quantity, the first indicating 
that the syllable over which it is placed is long; the second, that 
it is short, and the third that it is common. 
1. Words of two syllables are always accented on the first: cro'- 
cus, ere!-ta. 
6. ACCENT. 
2. Words of more than two syllables are accented on the Pe- 
nult, if that is long in quantity; otherwise, on the Antepenult: 
dn-nd-mo'-mum, eu-p hor'-h i-a. 
7. CASES. 
1. In Latin there are six cases: nominative, genitive, dative, ac- 
cusative, vocative and ablative. 
2. These cases correspond to the following English equivalents: 
The nominative, to the nominative. 
The genitive, to the possessive, or objective with of. 
The dative, to the objective with to or for. 
The accusative, to the objective. 
The vocative, to the nominative independent. 
The ablative, to the objective with from, by, in, with, 
8. GENDER. 
The gender, in some nouns, is determined by the meaning; in 
others, by endings. 
1. Names of males are masculine: Aesculapius (a proper noun); 
medicus, a physician. 
2. Names of rivers, winds and mountains are masculine: Dan- 
ubius, Danube; Notus, south-wind; Apennines, Apennines. 12 
DECLENSION OF NOUNS. 
3. Names of females are feminine: Cornelia. 
4. Names of countries, towns, islands and trees are feminine: 
America ; Roma, Rome; Sicilia, ISicily; pinus, pine-tree. 
5. Indeclinable nouns are neuter: kino. 
The learner is supposed to be familiar with the names and meanings of 
the ordinary grammatical terms, such as subject, object, predicate, case, mood, 
tense, voice, declension, conjugation, etc. No explanation of these terms will, 
therefore, be given. 
CHAPTER II. 
1. There are five declensions. 
2. In declension each case is formed by combining two parts,— 
stem and termination. 
8. The stem is the unchanged base to which the terminations 
are added. It is most readily found by dropping the termination 
of the genitive in each declension, viz.: 
1—ce. 2—i. 3—is. 4—us. 5—ei. 
4. The terminations consist of case-endings added to the final 
letter of the stem. 
9. DECLENSION OF NOUNS, 
FIRST DECLENSION. 
10, Nouns of this declension are of the feminine gender; but 
see general rules (8). 
The nominative singular ends in a and e. 
11. They are declined as follows: 
N. pilule, a pill. 
G. pllulce, of a pill. 
D. pllulcB, to or for a pill. 
Ac. pilulam, a pill. 
V. pilula, 0 pill. 
Ab. pilula, from, with or by a pill. 
SINGULAR, 
N. pilulce, pills. 
G. pilularam, of pills. 
D. pilulis, to or for pills. 
Ac. plltilas, pills. 
V. pilula,, 0 pills. 
Ab. pilulis, from, with or by pills. 
PLURAL. DECLENSION OF NOUNS. 
13 
SINGULAR. 
N. aloe the aloe. 
G. aloes of the aloe, 
D. aloe to or for the aloe. 
Ac. aloen . the aloe. 
y. aloe 0 aloe. 
Ab. aloe from, with or by the aloe. 
The plural has the same terminations as nouns in a. 
12. Table of Terminations. 
NOUNS IN A. 
Singular. 
N. a 
G. ae 
D. ae 
Ac, dm 
y. d 
Ab. a 
NOUNS IN E. 
Singular, 
N. e 
G. es 
D. e 
Ac. en 
V. e 
Ab. e 
Plural. 
N. ae 
G. drum 
D. is 
Ac. as 
V. ae 
Ab. is 
The pupil should commit to memory this table of terminations. 
13. In Latin there is no article; pilula may mean either the pill, 
or a pill, according to circumstances; but when it is desired, in 
Latin, to express definiteness or indefiniteness, there are various ways 
of doing so, which will be understood later. In the exercises 
which follow, the pupil will use the definite or indefinite article, 
according as common sense will dictate. 
14. Rules of Syntax: 
The subject of a finite verb is in the nominative case: Pilula est 
parva, the pill is small. 
15. The direct object of a transitive verb is in the accusative case: 
Puella habet cretam, the girl has chalk. 
16. A noun in the predicate, referring to the same person or thing 
as the subject, is put in the same case: Quinlna est bdna medicina, 
quinine is good medicine. 
17. The indirect object is put in the dative case: Nautae pnlulam 
dat, he gives a (or the) pill to the (or a) sailor. 14 
DECLENSION OF NOUNS. 
18. 
Vocabulary. 1. 
Aide, es, F., aloe. Amara, bitter. 
Aqua, ae, F., water. Alba, white. 
Creta, ae, F., chalk. Bdna, good. 
Amygdala, ae, F., almond. Fluida, fluid. 
Massa, ae, F., mass. Lenta, tough, sticky. 
Mistura, ae, F., mixture. Parva, small. 
Puella, ae, F., girl. Pura, pure. 
Est, (he, she it) is. 
Sunt, (they) are. 
Habet, (he, she, it) has. 
Habent, (they) have. 
Exercises. 
1. Pilula parva. 2. Pilulae parvae. 3. Piliilas parvas. 4. 
Aloe amara. 5. Aloen amaram. 6. Aquae purae. 7. Aquas 
puras. 8. Aquam puram. 9. Massae lentae. 10. Massam lentam. 
11. Massa lenta. 12. Creta alba. 13. Cretam albam. 14. 
Misturae fluidae. 15. Amygdalae parvae. 16. Puella bona. 17. 
Puellas bonas. 
1. Pilula est parva. 2. Amara est piliila. 3. Pilulae sunt 
parvae. 4. Puella aloen babet. 5. Puellae amygdalas habent. 
6. Mistura est lenta. 7. Massae sunt lentae. 8. Misturae sunt 
fluidae. 9. Creta est alba. 10. Pilula parva est amara. 11. 
Puella piliilam amaram babet. 12. Puellae misturas fluidas 
habent. 13. Creta alba est pura. 14. Aloe pura est amara. 
15. Puella bona piliilas amaras babet. 16. Mistura fluida est 
pura. 17. Massa lenta est alba. 18. Puellae bdnae amygdalas 
parvas habent. 
Decline together creta pura, bona puella and massa lenta. 
1. The pills are small. 2. The aloe is bitter. 3. The water is 
pure. 4. The girl has an almond. 5. The mixtures are sticky. 
6. The masses are tough. 7. The almonds are good. 8. The girls 
are small. 9. The bitter mixture is white. 10. The good gilds 
have the chalk. 11. The little girl has the white pills. 12. The 
fluid mixture is bitter. 
Exercise. 2. 
Vocabulary. 2. 
Charts., ae, paper. 
Belladonna, ae- 
Medicata, medicated. 
Multa, much, (pi) many. DECLENSION OF NOUNS. 
15 
Tinctura, ae, a tincture. 
Cornelia, ae, Cornelia. 
Filia,1 ae, a daughter. 
Nauta, ae (m), a sailor. 
Quiuina, ae, quinine. 
Medicina, ae, medicine. 
Dat, {he, she, it) gives. 
Dant, {they) give. 
Cerata, waxed. 
Kubra, red. 
Flava, yellow. 
Fusca, brown, dusk, blackish. 
sick. 
Ft, and. 
Non, not. 
20. Observe that these adjectives are in the feminine gender to 
agree with the nouns. Nauta is the only masculine noun given. 
21, The particle ne is appended to the first word in a sentence 
as a sign of a question, and is not to be translated by any separate 
word: Est-ne a qua pur a ? Is the water pure? As a rule, that word 
of a sentence upon which the stress is to be laid, is placed at the 
beginning; frequently this is the verb. 
22. The dative is often used with est or sunt to indicate posses- 
sion (generally only of things), and, when thus used, is called the 
Possessive Dative. 
1. Chartae medicatae. 2. Chartis medicatis. 3. Aquarum med- 
icatarum. 4. Filia nautae. 5. Filiabus Corneliae. 6. Charta 
cerata. 7. Chartis ceratis. 8. Puella raSdicinam habet. 9. Pu- 
ellae (dative) est mgdicina. 10. Puellae habent tincturas. 11. 
Puellis sunt tincturae. 12. Cornelia filiae tincturam dat. 13. 
Filia nautae tincturam belladonnae hab£t, 14. Cornelia quininam 
amaram filiae aegrotae dat. 15. Pilulae quininse sunt parvae et 
amarae. 16. Mistura multarura medicinarum non bona est. 17. 
Cornelia filiae pilulas flavas dat. 18. Corneliae amaras pilulas 
dant. 
23. 
Exercise. 3. 
Answer the following questions in Latin. Every answer should 
form a complete sentence, like this: Est-ne pilula parvaf Piliila 
est parva: (Yes)—1. Est-ne quiuina amara? 2. Est-ne tinctura 
fusca? 3. Habet-ne puella tincturam belladonnse? 4. Filise-ne 
Cornelia pilulas quininse dat? 5. Habent-ne multam mgdicinam? 
6. Est-ne massa lenta? 
1 Filia has dbus in the dative and ablative plural. 16 
SECOND DECLENSION. 
24. 
Exercise. 4. 
1. The medicated paper is red. 2. The tincture of belladonna 
is good medicine. 3. The girl has waxed paper. 4. They give 
pure water. 5. The girl gives bitter pills to the sailor. 6. Cor- 
nelia gives quinine pills (pills of quinine) to (her) sick daughter. 
7. Are the red pills bitter? 8. The little girls have the brown 
tinctures. 9. The mass is sticky and bitter. 10. The good little 
(good and little) girls have the white pills and the red chalk. 11. 
They give bitter medicine to many little girls. 12. The fluid mix- 
ture is not pure. 
CHAPTER III. 
SECOND DECLENSION. 
25. Nouns of the second declension end in er, ir, its, os, mascvr 
line; urn and on, neuter; but see general rules for gender, 8: 3. 
Syrupus, syrup. 
Puer, hoy. 
Extraction, extract. 
Singular. 
Masculine. 
N. syrupus. 
G. syrtipi. 
D. syrflpo. 
Ac. syrupwm. 
V. syrupS. 
Ab. syrtipo. 
N. puSr. 
G. pueri. 
D. puero. 
Ac. puerum, 
V. puer. 
Ab. puero. 
Masculine. 
N. extractam. 
G. extract!. 
D. extracts. 
Ac. extractam. 
Y. extraction. 
Ab. extracts. 
Neuter. 
Plural. 
N. syrupi. 
G. syrupomm. 
D. sy rupis. 
Ac. syrupos. 
Y. syrupi. 
Ab. syrupis. 
N. pueri. 
G. pueronim. 
D. pueris. 
Ac. pueros. 
V. pueri. 
Ab. pueris. 
N. extracts. 
G. extractonm. 
D. extractis. 
Ac. extracts. 
Y. extracts. 
Ab. extractis. SECOND DECLENSION. 
17 
26. Some nouns (and adjectives) ending in -er drop the e in all 
cases but nominative and vocative of the singular; others retain it: 
ager, gen. agri, the field; puer, gen. pueri, the boy. 
27. The vocative singular of nouns in us of this declension ends 
in e; all other nouns of this declension have the vocative the 
same as the nominative. 
Singular. 
28. Terminations. 
Plural. 
Masc. 
N. us 
G. i 
D. b 
Ac. um 
V. 8 
Ab. b 
Neut. 
N. um 
G. i 
D. b 
Ac. um 
V. um 
Ab. o 
Masc. 
N. I 
G. brum 
D. is 
Ac. bs 
V. i 
Ab. is 
Neut. 
N. a 
G. brum 
D. is 
Ac. d 
V. d 
Ab. is 
Vocabulary. 3. 
Feminine. 
Masculine. 
NOUNS. 
Neuter. 
R6sa, ae, rose. 
Scilla, ae, squill. 
Mgdicus, i, doctor, physician. 
Puer, pueri, boy. 
Rubus, i, blackberry bush. 
Syrupus, i, syrup. 
Abstractum, i, abstract, 
dried extract. 
Acetum, i, vinegar. 
Aconitum, i, aconite. 
Rheum, i, rhubarb. 
Venenum, i, poison. 
Vinum, i, wine. 
Adjectives. 
Verbs. 
Aromaticus, a, um, aromatic. 
Compositus, a, um, compound. 
Doctus, a, um, learned. 
Exsiccatus, a, um, dried out. 
Gratus, a, um, pleasing, acceptable. 
Miscet, {he, she, it) mixes. 
Miscent {they mix, mingle). 
Spissus, a, um, thick, viscid. 
Siccus, a, um, dry. 
Fuscus, a, um, brown. 
29. It will be observed that adjectives of the first and second 
declensions have three endings to mark the different genders; that 
the feminine is declined like a noun of the first declension, the 
masculine like a masculine noun of the second, and the neuter like 
a neuter noun of the second declension. 18 
SECOND DECLENSION. 
Exercise. 5. 
1. Rhei aromatici. 2. Rheum aromaticum. 3. Extractura 
compositum. 4. Extracto composite. 5. Extractorum composit- 
orum. 6. Extracta composita. 7. Medici docti. 8. Medicorum 
doctorum. 9. Abstractum exsiccatum. 10. Syrupus fuscus. 11. 
Syrupi spissi. 12. Syrupis spissis. 13. Mgdicus est doctus. 14, 
Mgdicus doctus mgdicinam miscet. 15. Puer abstractum aconiti 
habet. 16. Habet-ne puer venenum ? 17. Scillae syrupus pugro 
non est gratus. 18. Medicus puero rhei syrupum aromaticum dat. 
19. Acetum et yinum mgdico dant. 20. Puella rdsae extractum 
habet. 21. Mgdici docti venena multa miscent. 22. Puero parvo 
rubi extractum fluidum dat. 
Exercise. 6 
1. The boy has the medicine. 2. The abstracts are dry medi- 
cines. 3. The extracts are fluid. 4. The syrup of squills is a 
good medicine, but (sed) not pleasing to a boy. 5. The doctor is 
mixing medicine. 6. He is mixing the extracts of blackberry 
and rhubarb. 7. Is he giving the boy poison ? 8, He is. 9. Is 
the extract of rose a poison? 10. No, 11. The roses are pleasing 
to the girls. 12. The girls give the good doctor roses, but the 
boys give him syrup of squills. 
Questions to be answered in Latin: 1. Est-ne extractum gratum? 
2. Est-ne quinia medicina bona ? 3. Dat-ne mgdicus pugro vgne- 
num ? 4. Est-ne mgdicus doctus ? 5. Doctus est. 6. Dat-ne ragd- 
icus puellis syrupura scillae? 7. Habet-ne puer aconiti abstractum? 
8. Est-ne riibi extractum puero gratum ? 9. Miscet-ne doctus mgd- 
icus mgdicinas ? 
Second Declension—continued. 
30. Rule of Syntax: An appositive agrees with its subject in 
case: Anna, filia medici, Anna, the daughter of the physician. 
Exercise. 7. 
2. Vocabulary. 
AntidStiira, In., antidote. 
Acidum, In., an acid. SECOND DECLENSION. 
19 
Conium, In., poison hemlock. 
Podophyllum, In., . mandrake, may-apple. 
Aurantium, in., orange-peel. 
Mbrus, If., mulberry-tree. 
Maltum, in., malt. 
Filius, I m., son. 
Poculum, i n., cup. 
Claudus, a, um. lame. 
/Eger, aegra, aegrum sick. 
1. Y&ieni antidotum. 2. Puer poculum acidi habet. 3. Conii 
abstractum exsiccatum est vSnenum. 4. Pueri mSdico docto multa 
abstracta et extracta dant. 5. Anna., filia mgdici, podophylli 
abstractum et aurantii syrupum habet, 6, Mori syrupum puSro 
aegro dat, 7. Est-ne m5ri syrupus puSro gratus? 8. Puer claudus 
extractum malti habet, 9. Puer aeger, mgdici boni filius, est 
claudus. 10. Dat-ne mgdicus doctus filio aegro malti extractum ? 
11. Mori syrupum et aurantii filio dat. 
Exercise. 8. 
1. Anna, the daughter of the physician, is lame. 2, He is mix- 
ing the extracts, 3. The boy is mixing the medicine for (his) sick 
father. 4. The doctor gives the sick boy abstract of mandrake 
and mulberry syrup. 5. The extract of malt is acceptable to the 
good doctor. 6. The abstract of hemlock is a dry poison. 7. The 
syrup of mulberry is a good medicine. 8. The physician has an 
antidote for poison. 9. The little boy gives the lame girl a cup 
of vinegar. 10. The learned doctor gives the sick boy a small 
cup of orange syrup. 11. Mulberry syrup is not pleasing to the 
sick boy. 12. The little boy is mixing the extract of malt and 
vinegar in the cup. (In with the ablative.) 
Note.—English in, with verbs expressing motion, in the sense of into, is, 
in Latin, in with the accusative. 
English in, with verbs expressing rest, is, in Latin, in with the ablative. 
“For,” in the sense of “for the use or benefit of” is pro with the ablative. 
“With,” in the sense of “in company with,” or “together with,” is cum 
with the ablative. 
“ With,” in the sense of “by means of,” (f. i. “wash witli water”) is trans- 
lated by the bare ablative. 20 
FIRST AND SECOND DECLENSIONS. 
CHAPTER IV. 
31. FIRST AND SECOND DECLENSIONS. 
1. Rule of Syntax: Adjectives agree with their nouns in gender, 
number and case. Nauta clams, famous sailor. Nautarum clar- 
orum, of famous sailors. 
2. 
Vocabulary. 4. 
Asilfoetida, se, asafoelida. 
Aegrotus, a, -um, sick. 
Acacia, se, acacia. 
Aiculapius, I (the god oj the healing art). 
Cinchona, se, cinchona. 
Cinnamomum, i, cinnamon. 
Clarus, a, -um, clear, bright; famous. 
C&pit, (he, she, it) takes. 
Capiunt, {they) take. 
Limpidus, a, -um, limpid, clear, transparent. 
Piger, pigra, pigrum lazy. 
Erat, {he, she, it) was. 
Malus, a, -um, bad, evil, wicked. 
Magnus, a, -um, large, great. 
Quis (masc.), who? 
Quid (ueut.), what? 
Quod (neut.), what, which? 
Tolu, indecl., Tolu. 
Tolutanus, a, -um, made of Tolu, pertaining to Tolu. 
1. Aesculapius, m&iicus clarus. 2. Nauta ieger. 3. Nautse 
sogrdto. 4. Cum (with) nauta segro. 5. Nauta rum segrorum. 6. 
M(Aliens clarus nautse regro tolutanura syriipum dat. 7. Quis 
cinchonse tincturam puellse bbnse dat? 8. Bonus mfidicus dat 
tincturam puellte. 9. Quis cinnamomi tincturam habet? 10. 
Puer malus habet, sed (but) b6no vir5 dat. 11. Quis erat Aescu- 
lapius? 12. Aesculapius Srat clarus m&iicus. 13. Vir segrotus 
asafoetidie tincturam cilpit. 14. Quis acacite syriipum capit? 15. 
Malus vir c£ipit. 16, Est-ne a;gr5tus? 17. Aqua limpida est in 
poculo. 18. Quis tolu in poculo habet ? 19. Medicus clarus 
Exercise. 9. FIRST AND SECOND DECLENSIONS. 
21 
puero segro saccharum dat. 20. O medice, v&ienum est in aqua. 
21. Medice bone, scillse syrupus est in poculo. 
Exercise. 10. 
1. iEsculapius, the physician, was famous. 2. The sick man 
likes (amat) the doctor’s wine. 3. lie does not like syrup of 
squills. 4. The syrup of tolu is a good medicine. 5. The tincture 
of cinnamon is pleasing to the good little girl. 6. The girl gives 
a cup of pure water to the sick boy. 7. What is the doctor giving 
the sick man ? 8. He is giving the extract of malt. 9. Is the 
extract of malt, beer (cervisia)? 10. What does he give the sailor? 
11. He has a cup of the tincture of cinchona for the sick sailor. 
12. The sailor likes quinine and cinchona. 13. O doctor, the 
little girl has a cup of water for the sick man. 14. He likes water 
in the tincture. 15. In the cup is good medicine for the sick 
man. 
To he Answered in Latin. 
1. Quis extractum malti amat? 2. Quis asafoetidae tincturam 
amat ? 3. Capit-ne malus puer acacise syrupum ? 4. Amant-ne 
pueri parvi scillse syrupum? 5. Quis pilulas parvas aconiti capit? 
6. Habet-ne mSdicus podophylli pilulas pro viro segroto? 7. Quod 
exti’actum habet mgdicus? 
32. First and Second Declension—continued. 
1. jRule of Syntax: The agent is expressed by the ablative with 
a or ah: mfkiicus a puella laudatur, the physician is praised by 
the air I. 
2. 
Amatur, (he, she it) is loved. 
Amantur, (they) are loved. 
Vhcat, (he, she, it) calls. 
Vdcatur, (he, she, it) is called. 
Amicus, I, friend. 
Americanus, a, -um, American. 
Pgritus, a, -um, skilled, experienced. 
Allium, i, garlic. 
Arnica, ae, arnica. 
Cerevisia, ae, beer. 
Vocabulary. 5. 
Capsicum, i, Cayenne pepper. 
Collum, I, neck. 
Emplastrum, I, plaster. 
Ipecacuanha, -ae, ipecac. 
Germanus, -a, -um, German 
Nasus, I, nose. 
Officina, -ae, office, shop. 
Remedium, i, remedy. 
Ubi, adv., where, when. 
Satis, adv., enough. 22 
FIRST AND SECOND DECLENSIONS, 
1. Ubi est mSdicus? 2. In officina est. 3. Quis mgdicum 
vocat ? 4. A f ilia nautse vocatur. 5. Medicinam in officina mis- 
cet pro viro ajgroto. 6. Habet-ne in officina rgmSdia multa? 7. Hab- 
et-ne syrupum ? 8. Multos syrupos babet: syrupos rosse et rbei 
et rubi et sarsaparilla et scillse et ipecacuanha et allii et acacise et 
amygdalae et aurantii et,—“satis, satis, amice bone; syrupos babet.” 
9. P6ritus-ne est mfidicus? 10. PSritus et bonus est, et ab amicis 
amatur et laudatur. 11. Habet-ne arnica emplastrum in officina? 
12. Habet. 13. Nautse puer mains capsici emplastrum in collo 
babet. 14. Medicus Germanus babet filiura malum et pigrum. 
15. Cerevisiam amat. 16. Quid Americanus mgdicus amat ? 17. 
Yinum ab Americano amatur. 18. Quid est in naso puellse? 19. 
Medici pilella arnicse emplastrum in naso babet. 
Exercise. 11. 
1. Tbe skilful doctor is loved and praised by bis friends. 2. 
He is called by the son of the sick man. 3. Who is sick ? 4. The 
son of tbe lame sailor is sick. 5. Where is tbe doctor ? 6. He is 
in his office. 7. Has he many remedies in bis office ? 8. He has 
abstracts of aconite, hemlock, belladonna and extracts of arnica, 
bitter orange, capsicum, cinchona, podophyllum and syrups of 
acacia, rhubarb, almonds, garlic and—“ enough, good friend.” 9. 
Has he an arnica plaster for the lame neck of (my) friend? 10. 
The good man has many plasters. 11. Is the syrup of ipecac a 
good remedy for a bad boy? 12. It is a good, but not a pleasing 
remedy. 13. What is on (our) friend’s nose? 14. A capsicum 
plaster! 15. Is it pleasant? 
Exercise. 12. 
3. Questions to be Answered in Latin 
1. tlbi est mfidicus ? 2. Ubi est puer mgdici ? 3. Est-ne amici 
puella in officina? Quis seger est? 4. Sunt-ne medici filiae segrotse? 
5. Dat-ne filiusm&lici quininsepilulas nautse segroto? 6. Habet-ne 
medicus aloes exsiccatum extractum? 7. Dat-ne pucro acgroto 
scillro syrupum ? 8. Est-ne sennse extractum puero gratum ? 9. 
Quis allii syrupum puero miilo dat ? ADJECTIVES OF THE FIRST AND SECOND DECLENSIONS. 
23 
CHAPTER V. 
33. ADJECTIVES OF THE FIRST AND SECOND DECLENSIONS. 
Fluidus, Fluid. 
Singular. 
Masculine. 
N. fluidos. 
G. fluldi. 
D. fluldd. 
Ac. fluid urn. 
V. fluids. 
Ab. fluldd. 
Feminine. 
fluldd. 
fluidce. 
fluidce. 
fluidam. 
fluldd. 
fluldd. 
Neuter. 
fluldom. 
fluidi 
fluido. 
fluldom. 
fluldom. 
fluido. 
Plural,. 
N. fluidi. 
G- flulddntm. 
D. fluidis. 
Ac. fluldds. 
V. fluidi. 
Ab. fluidis. 
fluidce. 
fluid drum. 
fluidis. 
fluidos. 
fluidce 
fluidis. 
Tener, tender. 
fluido. 
flulddrom. 
fluidis. 
fluido. 
fluldd. 
fluidis. 
Singular. 
Masculine. 
N. t6ngr 
G tgngri. 
D tgngrd. 
Ac. tgngrum. 
Y. tengr. 
Ab. tgngrd. 
Feminine. 
tenerd 
tgngrce 
tgngrce. 
tfinerom. 
tgngrd 
tenerd. 
Neuter. 
tgngrom. 
tgngri. 
tgngrd 
tenSrwm. 
tgngrom. 
tenero. 
PLURAL. 
N. tgngri 
G tener drum. 
D tgngris. 
Ac teneros. 
Y. tgngri. 
Ab. tgngris. 
tgngrce. 
tenSi'drum. 
teneris. 
teneros. 
tgngrce. 
teneris. 
tgngrd 
tenCrorwm. 
tgngris. 
tgngrd 
tgngrd, 
tgngris. 24 
ADJECTIVES OF THE FIRST AND SECOND DECLENSIONS. 
JEger, sick. 
Singular. 
Masculine. 
N. aegSr. 
G. aegri. 
D. aegro. 
Ac. aegrum. 
V. aeger. 
Ab. aegro. 
Feminine. 
aegr a. 
aegree. 
aegros, 
aegr am. 
aegra, 
aegra. 
Neuter. 
aegram. 
aegri. 
aegro. 
aegrum. 
aegrum. 
aegro.* 
Plural. 
N. aegri, 
G. aegr orum. 
D. aegris. 
Ac. aegros. 
V. aegri. 
Ab. aegris. 
aegree. 
aegr arum. 
aegris. 
aegras. 
aegree. 
aegris. 
aegra. 
aegr drum. 
aegris. 
aegra. 
aegra. 
aegris. 
34. The following adjectives have the genitive singular in ids, 
and the dative in I, in all genders, but in other respects are regu- 
lar : alius (neut. aliud), other; totus, whole; alter, other (of two) ; 
nullus, none; ullus,any; neuter, neutrius, neither; sdlus, alone; units, 
one; liter, utrius, which (of two). Alterius, the genitive of alter, is 
usually accented on the antepenult. 
35. Duo, two, is declined as follows: 
Masculine. 
N. du6 
G. duomm 
D. duo6us 
Ac. duos 
V. duo 
Ab. duoius 
Feminine. 
dues 
du drum 
dudbus 
duas 
duce 
dudbus 
Neuter. 
du6 
duorum 
duo6us 
du5 
du5 
duo6us 
Decline together solus vir, aliud vlnurn, nulla puelld, dud puerl. 
Vocabulary. 6. 
Liquidus, a, -urn liquid. 
Pallidus, a, -urn pale, pallid. 
Alius, a, -ud, other. 
Praeparatus, a, -um prepared, ready beforehand. ADJECTIVES OF THE FIRST AND SECOND DECLENSIONS. 
25 
Praescriptum, I prescription. 
Oxalicus, a, oxalic. 
Muriaticus, a, -una muriatic. 
MisSr, misgra, misSrum poor, wretched. 
TenSr, tengra, tenerum tender. 
Tartaricus, a, -um tartaric. 
Destillatus, a, -um distilled. 
Du6, ae, two. 
Quatuor, indecl. (or quattuor) .... four. 
Quot, indecl how many. 
Huc, adv hither. 
Lobelia, ae, lobelia. 
Sanguinaria, ae blood-root. 
Ygnit {he, she, it) comes. 
Veniunt {they) come. 
Exercise. 13, 
1. Puer miser est pallidus. 2. Ubi est medicus, ptterorum 
segrorum Amicus? 3. Hue venit. 4. Habet-ne praescriptum prae- 
paratum ? 5. MMicus peritus pro pueris teneris multas medicinas 
praeparatas habet. 6. Quot aceta medico sunt? 7. Quatuor aceta 
sunt medico,—lobeliae acetum, opii acetum, sanguinariae acetum, 
scillae ficetum. 8. Scillae acetum puellae tenerae non gratum est. 
9. Quot acida liquida in officina fimici sunt? 10. Multa ficida 
sunt,—ficidura oxalicum, et ficidum muriaticum, et acidum tartar- 
icum, et,—et,—ficetum destillatura, et,—“satis.” 11. Quid est 
ficetum destillatum ? 12. Quinina et cinchona et aliae medicinae 
amarae a pueris teneris non amantur. 13. Rosae rubrae a puellis 
parvis amantur, 14. Quid medicus filiae aegrae et miserae amici 
boni dat? 15. Misturam syrupi scillae et sacchari dat. 16. Mis- 
tura a puella misera non fimatur. 
Exercise. 14. 
1. The doctor is not in his office. 2. He is mixing pleasant 
medicine for the sick daughter of his friend. 3. The poor girl is 
pale. 4. Is the prescription prepared? 5. Yes. 6. He has many 
other prescriptions prepared for (his) sick friends. 7. Where is 
the medicine, the distilled water and tartaric acid? 8. Who likes 26 
ADJECTIVES OF THE FIRST AND SECOND DECLENSIONS. 
bitter medicines ? 9, Beer and wine are liked by the lame sailor. 
10. The lame sailor has a capsicum plaster on his neck. 11. Here 
comes the learned doctor. 12. Doctor, where are the tinctures of 
cinchona and tolu, and the syrups of orange and blackberry, and 
the medicated waters of bitter almonds and ammonia ? 13. Medi- 
cine is given by the doctor to two sick boys. 
To he Answered in Latin. 
1. Quid mddxcus in pociilo habet? 2. Quid medicus puero 
segro dat? 3, Quis quininse pilulas amat? 4. Araanturne a pueris 
parvis? 5. Mddice bone, quot acdniti pilulas piier habet? 6. 
Ubi est Cornelue filia? 7. Est-ne in officina mddici clari? 8. 
Quot pocula rhei syriipi puer habet? 9. Quis allii syrupum 
habet ? 
CHAPTER VI. 
36. Irregular Verb, sum, I am. 
1. Stems es and fu. 
2. The present, imperfect and future tenses of the indicative 
mood. 
PRESENT TENSE 
1. sura, I am. 
2. es, thou art or you are. 
3. est, he is. 
Singular. 
sum us, we are 
estis, you are. 
sunt, they are. 
Plural. 
IMPERFECT, 
1. erara, I was. 
2. eras, thou wast. 
3. erat, he was. 
eraraus, we were. 
eratis, you were. 
erant, they were. 
1. ero, I shall he. 
2. eris, thou wilt be. 
3. erit, he will be. 
FUTURE. 
eriruus, we shall he. 
eritis, you will be. 
erunt, they will be. ADJECTIVES OF THE FIRST AND SECOND DECLENSIONS. 
27 
DSmlnus, i master (of a household, etc.). 
Discipulus, i . pupil, scholar. 
Gutta, ae a drop. 
Heri, adv yesterday. 
Lavandula, ae lavender. 
Magister, magistri master, teacher. 
Medicamentum, i . drug, medicine. 
Medicamentarius, i druggist. 
Magnesia, ae magnesia. 
Mentha, ae mint. 
Laetus, a, um glad, joyful. 
Niger, nigra, nigrum black. 
Ol6um, i oil. 
PIperitus, a, um peppery, of pepper. 
Primus, a, um first. 
Parat (he, she, it) prepares. 
Parant they prepare. 
Schdla, ae, school. 
Servus, i, a slave, servant. 
Secundus, a, um, second. 
Stramonium, i, stramonium. 
Sanat (he, she, it) heals, cures. 
Sanant they heal, cure. 
Trochiscus, i a troche. 
Unguentum, i ointment. 
Validus, a, urn strong, sturdy. 
Vocabulary. 7. 
1. Nouns in ius and ium often contract the genitive ending ii 
to I. 
2. Filius (son), and proper nouns in Ius, drop the e of the voca- 
cative: fili, Corneli. Meus, mine (masculine form) has ml. 
Exercise. 15. 
1. Sunt, erant, erunt. 2. Est, erit, erat. 3. Ero, sum, eram. 
4. Sumus, eramus, erimus. 5. Eritis, eratis, estis. 6, Servus ole- 
um menthae piperita; habet. 7. Servus niger domino medicamenta 
parat. 8. Lavandula; olSura erat in poculo parvo. 9. Magister bono 
discipulo ipecacuanha; trochiscum dat. 10. Est-ne discipulus laetus? 28 
ADJECTIVES OP THE FIRST AND SECOND DECLENSIONS. 
11. Non Isetus est. 12. Magistri piieris b6nis trochiscos magncsise 
dat. 13. Quis in schola erit primus discipulus? 14. MMicam- 
entarii films valid us erit primus. 15. Quis sgcundus erit? 16. 
Magistri filius erit sScundus. 17. Quis discipulorum h£ri seger 
erat? 18. SScundus filius mSdicamentari heri seger erat. 19. 
Quod rgmSdium capit? 20. Stramoni extracti fluidi guttas duas 
capit. 21. Est-ne stramonium bona medicina ? 22. MSdicamen- 
tarii pgriti stramonii extractum, et stramoni fluidum extractum, 
Bt stramoni tincturam, et stramoni unguentura parant. 23. Mgdi- 
cina valida servum misgrum et segrum sanat. 24. RSrnedia mSd- 
icorum pgritorum multos morbos sanant. 
1. I am, be is, thou art. 2. I was, you were, we were. 3. Thou 
wilt be, you will be, they will be. 4. Oil of lavender. 5. The 
master gives oil of lavender to his black servant. 6. The strong 
son of the master was not in school yesterday. 7. The druggist’s 
little boy is in the doctor’s office. 8. Is he sick? 9. Yes. 10. Is 
he taking medicine? 11. He is taking oils of peppermint and 
lavender. 12. Has he the troches and other medicines of the 
druggist? 13. Is the doctor curing the sick girl? 14. He has 
the presciption ready (prceparatum). 15. The poor girl will be 
glad. 16. The skillful druggist prepares many medicines,—ex- 
tracts, compound extracts, tinctures, syrups, plasters, troches, oils, 
pills large and small, and many other medicines. 
Exercise. 16. 
To he Answered in Latin. 
1. Ubi eras hgri? 2. Eras-ne in schola? 3. Ubi est filing 
mgdicamentari ? 4. Quid servus mgdici in officina parat ? 5. 
Parat-ne puero mSgistri quininse pillulas? 6. Quot rnentlue piper- 
itse trgchiscos piiella habet? 7. Dat-ne pilella puero segro olgurn 
lavanduhc? 8. Ubi discipulus validus erat hgri? 9. Quot guttas 
stramonii fluidi extracti medicus viro segro dat? 10. Est-ne 
amarum medicamentura puero parvo gratum ? 
Irregular Verb, Sum—Continued. 
1. The perfect, pluperfect and future perfect tenses of the indic- 
ative mood. ADJECTIVES OF THE FIRST AND SECOND DECLENSIONS. 
29 
Singular. 
PERFECT TENS! 
Plural. 
1. fui, I have been, was. 
2. fuisti, thou hast been, wast. 
3. fuit, he has been, was. 
fu imus, we have been, were, 
fuistis, you have been, were. 
fu erunt, or 
fuere, they have been, were. 
PLUPERFECT TENSE. 
1. ineram, I had been. 
2. fu eras, thou hadst been. 
3. fuerat, he had been. 
iaerdmus, we had been. 
fuerdtis, you had been. 
fuerant, they had been. 
1. fuero, I shall have been. 
2. fuens, thou wilt have been, 
3. inerit, he will have been. 
FUTURE PERFECT TENSE. 
fuerimus, we shall have been. 
fuerliis, you will have been. 
fuerXnt, they will have been. 
Vocabulary. 8. 
Ager, Sgn field. 
Agrichla, se farmer. 
Brachium, i arm, upper arm. 
Capiat {he, she, it) may take. 
Dicit {he, she, it) says. 
Dilutus, a, um diluted, weakened. 
Drachma, drachm. 
Fascia, 86 bandage. 
Fractus, a, um broken. 
Fiat shall be made {let be made). 
G6n6r, genSri son-in-law. 
Hyoscyamus, i henbane. 
Herba, se herb, grass, plant. 
Indus, a, um Indian {East Indian). 
Indianus, a, um Indian. 
Frustum, i a piece, a bit. 
Sanatur {he, she, it) is cured, healed. 
Sanautur {they) are cured, healed. 
Sheer, soceri father-in-law. 
Uncia, se ounce. 
37. Rule of Syntax: Means and instrument are expressed, by the 
ablative without a preposition: Puer ceger medicina sanatur, the 
sick boy is cured by medicine; miles gladio interficitur, the soldier 
is killed with the sword. (See note on page 19.) 30 
ADJECTIVES OF THE FIRST AND SECOND DECLENSIONS. 
1. Fuit, fuerat, fuerit. 2. Fuisti, fuistis, fuerunt. 3. Fueram, 
fuero, fui. 4. Fueramus, fueritis, fuerant. 5. Fuimus, fueramus, 
fuerimus. 6. In officina sunt multa mfidicamenta. 7. G<5ner 
agricdlse mgdicamentarius est. 8. Agricolse piier brachium frac- 
tum habet. 9. Fascia puSro misSro fiat. 10. Quid magistri socer 
cSpit? 11. JEgrotus aconlti extracti liquidi tres guttas capiat. 
12. Quid mSdici servus habet ? 13. Hyoscyami unciam et strych- 
ninse drachmam habet. 14. Fuit-ne mMicina aqua pura diluta ? 
15. Ubi est Indus mMicus clarus? 16. Hue vfinit doctus vir. 
17. Saiiat-ue pueros segros? 18, Filium segricSlse validi herbis 
sanat. 19. MCdici puer malus tabacum filio magistri dat. 20. 
Pu6ri magistri quminsepilulis sanantur. 21. Quid mMicus Indus 
dicit? 22. “JEgrotus tabaci frustum, uncias quinque cere- 
visise, et magnum poculum vini capiat.” 23. Est-ne Indi mMici 
prsescriptum bonum? 24. Quis tabaco, cerevisia, vino sanatur? 
Mala mistura.1 
Exercise. 17. 
1. Where had the boy been ? 2. He had been in school. 3. 
They will have been. 4. Where has the strong farmer been ? 5. 
He was sick in the field yesterday. 6. Who was his doctor ? 7. 
He has a prescription from (of) the famous Indian doctor. 8. 
What is the prescription ? 9. “ Let the strong farmer take four 
large cups of beer and a bit of tobacco.” 10. Was the beer di- 
luted with water? 11. No, 12. Is a sick man cured by beer 
and tobacco ? 13. Does the Indian doctor give his patients (cegro- 
tis) little white quinine pills and syrups of squills, rhubarb and 
ipecac? 14. No; he gives (them) fluid extract of malt and other 
pleasant extracts. 15. He cures boys and girls with herbs. 16. 
Where is the Indian doctor’s office? 17. In the woods and fields. 
18. Who has a broken arm? 19. The wicked (malus) sailor’s 
broken arm is healed. 20. Let a bandage be made for the broken 
arm of the farmer’s son-in-law. 21. The medicine had been di- 
Exercise. 18. 
1 W hat word is to be supplied ? 31 
ADJECTIVES OF THE FIRST AND SECOND DECLENSIONS. 
luted with water. 22. There (omit) had been in the cup a mix- 
ture of the fluid extract of may-apple and the oil of roses. 23. 
The little girl does not like the mixture. 
38, Irregular Verb Sum—Continued. 
The subjunctive, imperative and infinitive moods and participle. 
PRESENT TENSE, 
39. Subjunctive. 
IMPERFECT TENSE. 
Singular. Plural. 
1. sim si mus 
2. sis sitis 
3. sit sint 
Singular. Plural. 
1. essem essemus 
2. esses essetis 
3. esset essent 
Singular. Plural. 
1. fu Srim fu erimus 
2. fuSris fueritis 
3. fuerit fuerint 
PERFECT TENSE. 
PLUPERFECT TENSE. 
Singular. Plural. 
1. fuissem fuissemus 
2. fuisses fuissetis 
3. fuisset fuisserat 
40. Imperative. 
Singular. 
PRESENT TENSE. 
Plural. 
2. Es, be thou. 
Este, be ye. 
2. Esto, thou shall be. 
3. Esto, he shall be. 
FUTURE TENSE. 
Estote, ye shall be. 
Sunto, they shall be. 
Present, esse to be. 
Perfect, fuisse . to have been. 
Future, futurns esse to be about to be. 
41. Infinitive. 
42. Participle. 
Fu turns, a, um about to he, future. 
43. Interrogative Words.—Interrogative sentences generally con- 
tain some interrogative word,—either an interrogative pronoun, 
adjective or adverb, or one of the interrogative particles,—ne, 
nonne, num: 32 
ADJECTIVES OF THE FIRST AND SECOND DECLENSIONS. 
1. Ne (attached to the first word) is used in questions asking for 
information, as in the illustrations already given. When -ne is 
attached to a word, the accent is always on the syllable preceding it. 
2. Nonne expects the answer Yes: Nonne mediclnam emit ? Is 
he not buying the medicine ? 
3. Num expects the answer, No: Num mediclnam emit f Is he 
buying the medicine ? or, He is not buying the medicine, is he ? 
Vocabulary. 9 
Balnfium, i bath. 
Calidus, a, um hot. 
Ceratum, f cerate, a waxed dressing. 
Ceratus, a, um waxed. 
Camphdra, as camphor. 
Capsula, as capsule. 
Cetaceum, i. . • . spermaceti, sperm. 
Cetraria, as cetraria, Iceland moss. 
Decoctum, i a decoction. 
Frigidus, a, um cold. 
Ignatia. as / ignaiia, plant giving St. Ignatius 
1 bean, containing strychnine. 
Jalapa, as jalap. 
Plumbum, i. .* lead. 
Resina, as resin. 
Sabina, as savin. 
Senega, as senega, rattlesnake-root 
Tepidus, a, um tepid, warm. 
Dicitur (he, she, it) is said. 
Emit (he, she, it) buys. 
Emunt (they) buy. 
Yendit (he, she, it) sells. 
Vendunt (they) sell. 
Exercise. 19. 
8. Puer seger in balnCo fuisse dicitur. 9. Nauta in bain Co fri- 
gido fuerit. 10. Agricola seger dicitur in balnCo calido fuisse. 
11. Quis est in bain Co frigido? 12. Puer parvus magistri dicitur 
in balnCo frigido esse. 13. Puer, bonus es. 14. Puer bone, bonus 
esto. 15. Amici cari, valid! este. 16. Quid mCdicamentarius 
Cmit et vendit? 17. MCdicamenta multa in officina Cmit et vendit. ADJECTIVES OF THE FIRST AND SECOND DECLENSIONS. 
33 
18. Quot cerata habet in officina? 19. Mgdicamentarius pgritus, 
mgdici clari ggner, cerata quinque in officina parva parat et vendit. 
20. Camphorse ceratum, et cetacei ceratum, et raulta emplastra 
cerata, segrotis (to the sick) vendit. 21. Parat-ue inedicamentarius 
multa mgdicamenta ? 22. Cetrarise decoctum, et sarsaparillse de- 
coctum compositum, et abstracta ignatise amarse, jal&pse, senggse, 
valgrianse, et alia multa. 23. Nonne est doctus vir, et clams? 
24. Quis plumbi et resinse et sabinse cerata gmit ? 25. Medica- 
mentarii parant, et segrdti multa remgdia gmunt. 26. Discipiile 
bone, eris doctus raSdicaraentarius. 
Exercise. 20. 
1. Be thou learned; thou sbalt be learned. 2. Boys be good; 
boy, you shall be good. 3. Let the boys be good. 4. To be, to 
have been, to be about to be. 
5. The druggist prepares cerates of camphor and spermaceti, 
and decoctions of cetraria and sarsaparilla. 6. Is the druggist the 
physician’s son-in-law ? 7. The strong farmer’s second son is said 
to be a skillful physician. 8. He cures the sick with pleasant med- 
icines. 9. The good man is loved by the boys and girls. 10. The 
good physician’s black servant gives medicine to the sick boy. 
11. He gives the poor boy four grains of valerian abstract in a 
capsule. 12. Is not valerian abstract a dry medicine? 13. Is 
not the servant liked by the boy? 14, Is a bad servant liked by 
a good boy ? 15. Is the physician preparing cerate of lead for the 
farmer’s son ? 16. Do not skillful druggists buy and sell many 
drugs ? 17. Is not the sailor’s son said to be a good physician ? 
Questions to be Answered in Latin. 
1. Ubi est mgdicus? 2. Ndnne in officina parva est? 3. P&- 
rat-ne misturam ptiero segro ? 4. Quot uncias camphorse in officina 
ragdicus habet? 5, Quot grana quininsesegrdtodat? 6. Habet-ne 
mgdicus Squam calidam in balngo ? 7. Est-ne segra puella in 
aqua tgpida? 8. Quid vendit filius mgdicamentari ? 9. Nonne 
jalapse et senggse abstracta vendit? 10. Quis resinse ceratum 
emit? 11. Nonne est filius medici doctus? FIRST CONJUGATION. 
CHAPTER VII. 
44. FIRST CONJUGATION. 
VERBS IN «. 
Verb Stem and Present Stem, amd. 
PRINCIPAL PARTS.1 
Pres. Ind. 
amii. 
Pres. Inf. 
amare. 
Per/. Ind. 
am dvl. 
Supine. 
amdtum. 
Indicative Mood. 
PRESENT TENSE. 
amo, I love, am loving, do love. 
a mas, you love. 
am at, he loves. 
Singular. 
a m dmus, we love. 
amdtis, you love. 
am ant, they love. 
Plural. 
IMPERFECT. 
amdbam, I was loving. 
amdbds, you were loving. 
amdbat, he was loving. 
amdbdmus, we were loving. 
am abatis, you were loving, 
amdbant, they were loving. 
amdbd, I shall love. 
am dbis, you will love, 
axndbit, he will love. 
FUTURE. 
amdbimus, we shall love. 
amdbitis, you will lave, 
amdbant, they will love. 
PERFECT. 
amavi, I have loved. 
amavisii, you have loved. 
amavi<, he has loved. 
amavimus, we have loved, 
amavistis, you have loved, 
amaverunt, ere, they have loved. 
PLUPERFECT. 
amavcmm, I had loved. 
amaveras, you had loved. 
amaverat, he had loved. 
amayerdmus, we had loved, 
amaverdtis, you had loved. 
ama vera.nt, they had loved. 
1 The present indicative shows the form of the present stem; the present 
infinitive shows the conjugation; the perfect indicative shows the perfect 
stem; and the supine, or perfect participle, shows the participle stem. FIRST CONJUGATION. 
35 
amavero, I shall have loved. 
amavms, you will have loved. 
amayerit, he will have loved. 
FUTURE PERFECT. 
annivenmus, we shall have loved, 
amaventis, you will have loved. 
ama\ erint, they will have loved. 
Subjunctive. 
Singular. Plural, 
amem, amemus, 
ames, ametis, 
amet, ament. 
PRESENT. 
Singular. Plural, 
amaverim, amaverimus, 
ama veins, amaveritis, 
amaverit. amaverint. 
PERFECT. 
amarem, amaremus, 
amares, amaretis, 
amaret, amarent. 
IMPERFECT. 
ama, issem, amavissemus, 
amavisses, amavissetis, 
amavisset. amavissent. 
PLUPERFECT. 
Imperative. 
Present, ama, love thou. 
Future, amdtd, thou shall love. 
amdto, he shall love. 
Singular. 
am ate, love ye. 
amdtdte, ye shall love. 
am ant'd, they shall love. 
Plural. 
Infinitive. 
Pres., amare, to love. 
Put., amaturus esse, to be about to love. 
Per/., amavisse, to have loved. 
Participle. 
Pres., amans, loving. 
Fid., amaturus, about to love. 
Gen., amandi, of loving. 
Pat-, amandb, for loving. 
Gerund. 
Ace., amandum, loving. 
Abl., amandb, by loving. 
Ace., amatum, to love. 
Supine. 
Abl., amatu, to love, be loved. 
FIRST CONJUGATION 
PASSIVE VOICE. 
Amor, I am loved.—Stem, ama 
Pres. Ind. 
am or. 
PRINCIPAL PARTS. 
Pres. Inf. 
Perf. Ind. 
amatus sum. 
&mdrl, 36 
FIRST CONJUGATION. 
Indicative Mood. 
Present Tense. 
I am loved. 
Singular. 
Plural. 
ftmftr, 
ftradm or amdre, 
nmdtur. 
&m dmiir, 
am dminl, 
am anlur. 
Imperfect. 
I was loved. 
ftm dbdr, 
&mdbdris or amabdre, 
ftm dbdlUr. 
am dhdmUr, 
&mdbdmlnl, 
SnudbantUr. 
Future. 
ftma6ftr, 
ftm dbSrts, amabSre, 
ftm dbUUr. 
I shall or will he loved. 
ftm dbtmUr, 
ftm dbimtnl, 
Amabuntur. 
Perfect. 
I have been or was loved. 
ft milt ms sum,1 
ftmatws 8s, 
ftmatws est. 
amati mmus, 
amati estis, 
amati sunt. 
I had been loved. 
Pluperfect. 
JlmatMS Srdm,1 
arnatls Srds, 
S-matMS Srdl. 
amati Srdmtts, 
am at I Gratis, 
amati Srant. 
Future Perfect. 
iimatds Sro,1 
&matus Srls, 
&mat$8 Srlt. 
I shall or will have been loved. 
amati Srlmiis 
amati drills, 
amati Srunt. 
1 Fui, fuisti, etc., are sometimes used for mm, es, etc.; thus amdtiis Jui for 
amdtus sum. So fueram, fuSras, etc., for Sram, Sras, etc.; also fv£ro, fu&ris, etc , 
for &ro, Sris, etc. FIJJST CONJUGATION. 
37 
Subjunctive. 
Present. 
I may be loved. 
3m3r, 
3merfe or amere, 
timetur. 
Smemilr, 
am emlni. 
Smentdr. 
Imperfect, 
I might, would or should he loved. 
3m dr Sr, 
3mareris or amarere, 
Amaretur. 
am dremur, 
&mdremirii, 
am drentdr. 
I may have been loved. 
Perfect. 
3mat3s stm,1 
3matws sis, 
3mattfe stt. 
3mati simiis, 
3mati sifts, 
amati sint. 
Pluperfect. 
I might, would or should have been loved. 
amatws essSm,1 
amatws esses, 
amatits essSt. 
ilrnati essemus, 
a,inat'i essetls, 
a,mati essent. 
Imperative. 
Pres., 3mdr<5, he thou loved. 
Put., 3mdtdr, thou shalt be loved. 
3m dtdr, he shall be loved. 
am dmXnl, he ye laved. 
dmantdr, they shall be loved. 
Pres., 3man, to he loved. 
Perf., 3mat#s essS, to have been loved. 
Infinitive. 
Fut., am at wm In, to be about to be 
loved. 
Perf.,2 3rnati<s, having been loved. 
Participle. 
Ger.,3 Amandus, to he loved, deserving 
to he loved. 
1 FuZrim, fuZris, etc., are sometimes used for sim, sis, etc. So also fuissem, 
fuisses, etc., for essem, esses, etc. 
2 The Latin has no present passive nor perfect active participle. 
3 GER.=Gerundive. 38 
FIRST CONJUGATION. 
First Conjugation. 
1. Learn the present, imperfect and fixture indicative, and the 
present imperative and infinitive, active and passive, of amo. 
Amo, 1, avi, atum ........... love. 
Dum, adv while, as long as, until. 
Erg6ta, ae ergot 
Euonymus, i burning bush. 
Fidus, a, um faithful, trusty. 
Glycyrrhiza, te liquorice. 
Haematoxylon, i logwood. 
Krameria, 00 krameria. 
Laudo, 1, avi, atum praise. 
Leptandra, se leptandra. 
Lassus, a, um tired, weary. 
Nullus, a, um no, none, not any. 
Porto, 1, avi, atum carry. 
Piggr, pigra, pigrum lazy. 
Quassia, sb quassia. 
Recrgo, 1, avi, atum refresh. 
Sano, 1, avi, atum heal, cure. 
Somnus, i sleep. 
Taraxacum, i dandelion. 
Yigllo, 1, avi, atum watch. 
Vocabulary. 10. 
1. Sano, sanabam, sanabo, sanabor, sanabar, sanor. 2. Sanas, 
sanaris, sanat, sanatur, sanatis, sanamini, sanantur. 3. Sanabor, 
sanabo, sanabis, sanaberis, sanabitis, sanabimini, sanabuntur. 4. 
Sanabat, sanabaris, sanabatur, sanabamur, sanabamini, sanabant. 
5. Sanare, sanari, sanavisse, sanatum esse, 6. Sana, sanare, sanate, 
sanamini. 
Exercise. 21. 
7. Medici morbos multos medicinis sanant. 8. Puer seger tar* 
axaci extracto sanabatur. 9. Nullus puer extracta quassi se et 
leptandrse amat. 10. Agricola lassus poculis magnis cerevisiso 
recreabatur. 11. Malti extractum fluidum ab agricola, non ania- 
N. B.—Beginning with Exercise 21, only the long penults which cannot be determined 
by the general rules of quantity will hereafter be marked. Penults not marked long are 
short, unless long by general rules, Sec. 5. Learn and apply these rules. FIRST CONJUGATION. 
tur. 12, Quis hsematoxyli extractum portabit? 13. Hsematoxyli 
extractum, et extracta euonymi et ergotse a servo medici norta- 
buntur. 14. Glycyrrhizse extractum a pueris laudabatur et ama- 
batur. 15. Est-ne kramerhe extractum bonum medicamentum ? 
16. A medico perito laudabatur. 17. Puer geger agricolse euonymi 
extracto sanabatur. 18. Servus fidus vigilabat dum somnus gratus 
dominum defessum recreabat. 19. Dominus noster nullo somno rec- 
reabitur. 20. Nonne nautse claudi filius leptandrse et taraxaci 
extracta amat ? 21. Extracta herbarum amararum a pueris nun 
quam amabuntur. 
Exercise. 22. 
1. He cures; he is cured; they cure; they are cured. 2. He will 
praise; he will be praised; they will praise; you will be praised. 
3. They loved; they were being loved. 4, We shall heal; you will 
be healed, 5. You will carry; they will not be carried. 6. To 
be cured; to have been cured ; cure thou; be ye cured. 
7. The wearied farmer will be refreshed by a cup of cold water. 
8. The faithful servant will bring water for the weary master, 
9. The sick boy is watching while the skillful physician is mixing 
the medicine. 10. Extracts of leptandra and dandelion will not 
cure the sick pupil. 11. Will the syrup of squills refresh a lazy 
scholar? 12. The master will give syrup of ipecac to the bad 
boy, but extract of liquorice to the good little girl. 13. The lazy 
pupils will be refreshed by the bitter extracts of quassia and euon- 
ymus. 14. The extract of logwood was carried by the faithful 
servant. 15. The master’s sick daughter will be refreshed by 
sleep, while the servant watches and prepares the medicine. 
Questions to be Answered in Latin. 
1. Ubi est medicus peritus? 2. Nonne est in officina? 3. Quis 
geger est ? 4. Quid remedium segroto das ? 5. Nonne extractum 
taraxaci puerum sanabit ? 6. Quot quininse pilulas segrotus capit ? 
7. Quot grana cinchonse genero medicus dabat? 8. Num quinque 
grana sogrura sanabunt ? 9. Nura puellse miserse extractum quas- 
siai medicus dabat? 10. Amat-ne puella medicamentum amarum? 40 
FIRST CONJUGATION. 
CHAPTER VIII. 
45. FIRST CONJUGATION—CONTINUED. 
1. Learn the perfect, pluperfect and future perfect indicative, 
and perfect infinitive, active and passive, of avio. 
46. The compound tenses are formed by combining forms of 
the verb sum with the perfect passive participle. The participle 
agrees in gender and number with the subject: puella sandta est, 
the girl has been healed; pueri sandti sunt, the boys have been 
healed. 
47. The equivalents for the possessive pronouns are sometimes 
omitted in Latin, but never when their absence would cause con- 
fusion. 
1. Sanavi, sanaveram, sanavero, sanatus sum, sanatus eram, san- 
atus ero. 2. Sanavisti, sanatus est, sanavimus, sanati estis, sanav- 
erunt. 3. Amavero, amatus eris, amaverit, amati erimus, amav- 
erint. 4. Sanaveram, sanatus eras, sanaverat, sanati eramus, 
sanaverant. 5. Amatote, amato, amanto, sanatum esse, sanatum 
iri, sanari. 
Exercise. 23. 
6. Ager aratus erit, agricola agrum araverat, ager ab agricola 
aratus est. 7. Carolus, medici puer malus, vinum amabat. 8. 
Vina multa medicaraentario in ofiicina erant,—antimonii vinum, 
colchici vinum, ipecacuanhas vinum, opii vinum, rhei vinum, aro- 
raaticum vinum. 9. Carolus vina potavit, et ager fuit. 10, Med- 
icus doctus vocatus est, et puero dedit multa medicamenta amara, 
11. Nullum vinum a Carolo nunc amatur: vinum non gustabit. 
12. Archagathus Grsecus erat primus chirurgus Romae (at Rome). 
13. Lanius a Romanis appellatus est, quia multa membra secabat. 
14. Discipulus piger in schola amabat non pensum recitare, sed 
gurami masticare. 15. Hora sexta fuit, et magister severus pueros 
defessos penso duro liberavit. 16. Chirurgus peritus pueri miseri 
oculos teneros ferro aciito sanabit. FIRST CONJUGATION. 
41 
Exercise. 24. 
1. He will have ploughed; he has been cured; he had been 
surpassed; he has recited. 2. He has been set free; he will have 
changed; they had been liberated. 3. The gum had been chewed; 
the pills had been swallowed. 4. The surgeon will have been 
surpassed by the physician. 5. The broken limb will have been 
amputated by the Greek surgeon. 6. The Greek surgeon was sur- 
passed by the Roman. 7. The bad servant was drinking the 
wine, while his master was reading aloud. 8. What wine did he 
drink? 9. Did he drink aromatic wine? 10. No; he made a 
mistake and drank the wines of rhubarb and ipecac. 11. The 
master changed the medicine, and gave a drachm of antimony 
and some1 syrup of squills and garlic. 12. The poor servant does 
not like wine now. 13. Swallow the quinine pills, my boy, and I 
will give you (tibi) an ounce of liquorice. 14. While the 
weary farmer was ploughing the field, the lazy servant was drink- 
ing wine. 15. He tasted the wine of antimony, but did not drink 
it. 16. He likes beer, but not medicated wines. 17. Wines of 
ipecac and colchicum are liked by no one. 18. The wines of ipe- 
cac and antimony are emetics. 19. Surgeon, cut off the broken 
arm of the poor sailor. 
Questions to he Answered in Latin 
1. Ubi est Germanicus medicus? 2. Quod extractum in officina 
parat? 3. Quot misturas heri parabat? 4. Gustavit-ne misturas? 
5. Quis amat extracta gentianse et quassise gustare? 6. Nonne 
medicus quininse et aconiti pilulas devorare amat? 7. Num 
puella pulchra gummi masticat? 8. Est-ne gummi Arabicum 
an tolutanum ? 
Note.—The pupil will consult the glossaries at the end for words which 
have not been given on the preceding pages. 
Note—Paululum (“a little”), with genitive. 42 
THIRD DECLENSION. 
CHAPTER IX. 
THIRD DECLENSION. 
48. To decline a noun of the third declension, it is necessary to 
know both the nominative and the genitive. By dropping the 
termination -is of the latter, that form of the word (stem) is ob- 
tained, to which all the other terminations are affixed. 
The form of the nominative varies greatly. 
Sulphas, m., calx,m and/., lex,/., adeps, m andf., 6nCma, n., 
Sulphate, lime, law, fat, injection. 
Stem, sulphat. st., calc. st„ leg. st, adip. s<., enfirnat. 
50. MUTE STEMS. 
Singular. 
N. V., sulphas, calx, lex, adeps, enCma. 
G., sulphatis, calcis, legis, adipis, enem&tis. 
D., sulphati, calci, legi, adipi, eneraati. 
Ac., sulphatem, calcem, legem, adipem, enerna. 
Ab., sulphate, calce, lege, adipe, enernate. 
Plural. 
N. V., sulphates, leges, adipes, enemSta. 
G., sulphatwm, legam, adlpum, enematura. 
D., sulphatiias, legiims, adipibus, enematibus. 
Ac., sulphates, leges, adipes, enemiita. 
Ab., sulphati6as, legibus, adipibus, enematibus. 
51. TERMINATIONS. 
Masculine and Feminine. 
Singular. 
Plural. 
Singular. 
Neuter. 
PLURAL. 
N. Y., (s, etc.) 
G., is 
D.,i 
Ac., em {ini) 
Ab., e (i) 
es 
um {ium) 
ibus 
es 
ibus 
is 
i 
c (0 
a {ia) 
um (ium) 
ibus 
a (ia) 
ibus 
52. Consonant stems may usually be found by dropping the 
termination of the genitive singular. Decline sindpis, cortex, nux, 
cataplasma. Decline together cortex asper, nux aindra, caput gla- 
brum. THIRD DECLENSION. 
43 
Vocabulary. 11. 
Acetas, atis, m acetote. 
Acerbus, a, um sour. 
Adeps, adipis, m and f fat, lard. 
Alcoholicus, a, um alcoholic. 
Applico 1, avi, atum opply, attach. 
BerbCris, Idis, / barberry tree. 
Calx, cis, / lime. 
Cantharis, idis,/ cantharis, Spanish fly. 
Cortex, Icis, m bark, rind, cork. 
Cbmes, Itis, m and f companion, comrade. 
Cataplasma, atis, n poultice. 
Carbonas, atis, m carbonate. 
Caput, Itis, n head. 
Engma, atis, n injection. 
Excito 1, avi, atum excite, cedi forth, raise up. 
Glaber, glabra, glabrum .... smooth, bare, bald, 
L6x, Iggis,/ law. 
Lapis, Idis, m stone. 
Levo 1, avi, atum lighten, relieve. 
Fortis, e, 3 . . . . brave, bold. 
Miles, itis 3, m soldier. 
Macero 1, avi, atum macerate, steep, soften in liquor. 
Linum, i, n flax. 
Si placet if it be agreeable {“if you please:') 
Pulvbro 1, avi, atum ...... pulverize, reduce to powder. 
Soda, se,/ soda. 
Sinapis, is, f ........ . mustard. 
Sbclus, i, m partner, associate. 
Yirgilla, whip, switch. 
Exercise. 25. 
Medicamentarii socius militi claudo lini cataplasma vendit. 2. 
Medicus vesicatorium magnum in capite glabro militis cantharidis 
charta excitaverat. 3. Caput militis miseri cataplasmatibus lini 
et ulmi levabatur. 4. In officina medici tres chartae medicatae 
sunt,—cantharidis charta, potassii nitratis charta, sinapis charta. 
5. Vesicatoria duo in membris militis aegri duabus chartis medica- 44 
THIRD DECLENSION. 
tis excitabantur. 6. Adeps carbonate potassii medicatus militi a 
medico perito paratus erat. 7. Quot acetates a servo medici 
parati erant? 8, Servus in officina plumbi acetatem, potassii ace- 
tatem purum et impurum, ammonii acetatem, zinci acetatem 
paraverat. 9. Miles fortis corticem Peruvianum pulverabit et 
comiti segro dabit. 10. Cortex Peruvian us militi segro a comite 
datus est. 11. Comes miser militis fortis cinchoninse pilulis sanatus 
est. 12. Cantbaridis ceratum a medico paratum, et pueri segri 
capiti applicatum erat. 13. Sinapis emplastrum pustulam mag- 
nam excitavit 14. Servus piger domini vinura acerbum eras 
non potabit. 15. Cerata, et emplastra, et cataplasmata non grata 
sunt. 
Exercise. 26. 
1. Boy, is the doctor irr his office? 2. No; but here (hue) he 
comes. 3. Doctor, have you prepared the poultices and plasters ? 
4. Prepare, if you please, a mustard poultice for the lame soldier, 
and a flaxseed poultice for his faithful comrade. 5. Will the 
mustard poultice raise a blister ? 6. Will the Spanish-fly plaster 
raise a blister on the brave soldier’s bald head? 7. Yes. 8. It 
will almost (fere) raise a blister on a stone. 9.. Boy, where are 
the acetates of lead, zinc, potash and ammonia ? 10. They were 
in the office yesterday. 11. Did you give the carbonate of soda 
and the sulphate of magnesia to the farmer’s son? 12. Charles, 
have you pulverized the drugs and tasted the bitter mixture? 
13. Yes, and it almost raised a blister on my tongue. 
Questions to be answered in Latin, 
1. Quid in officina hodie paravisti, Carole? 2. Dedistine sina- 
pis emplastrum militi ? 3. Quis giucosam in saccharo miscet ? 4. 
Num medicamentarius aquam vino miscet? 5. Quid militem 
segrum levabit ? 6. Applicabo-ne brachio claudo militis ulmi 
cataplasma? 7. Quid pigro discipulo applicabo? 8. Applica- 
bo-ne virgulam? THIRD DECLENSION. 
45 
Vocabulary. 12. 
Abacus, !, M shelf, counter, table, bench. 
Catharticus, a, urn .... cathartic. 
Colocynthis, idis, F • . . . colocynthis, hitler apple. 
Digitalis, is, F ...... digitalis, fox-glove. 
Diligenter, adv diligently. 
Durus, a, ura hardy, tough, rugged. 
Iris, Idis, F iris. 
Hydrastis, is, F hydrastis, golden seal. 
Laboro 1, avi, atum . . . labor, work. 
Letifer, letifera, letiferum . deadly, death-hearing. 
Juglans, andis, F butternut. 
Nux, nucis, F nut. 
Nux-vomica, F nux-vomica. 
Pars, partis, F part. 
Physostigma, itis, N . . . . physostigma {Calabar bean), 
Percdlo 1, avi, atum . . . strain. 
Penitus, adv internally, tlto roughly. 
Radix, icis, F root. 
Statim, adv immediately, at once. 
Tracto 1, avi, atum, .... handle. 
1. Medicamentarius et socius in officina medicamenta inspect- 
ant. 2. Carolus et Joannes hodie appellabuntur. 3. Carole, 
ubi est colocynthidis extractum composition, et alcoholicum ber- 
beridis extractum? 4. Nonne sunt in abaco? Colocyntbidem 
heri maceravi, et extractum paravi. 5. Comes militis tint seger, 
et dSdi grana decern. 6. Dedisti segroto decern grana ! Quinque 
sunt satis! Purgavisti miserura penitus,—est-ne vivus? 7. Yivus 
est, et hue venit: “ Medice, est-ne extractum colocynthidis catbar - 
tica medicina? Decern grana non satis sunt.” 8. Joanne, militi 
duro enema sulphatis magnesise, olei olivse da statim,—vir bonus 
levabitur. 9. Dedit-ne pecuniam ? 10. Ubi sunt pilulee digitalis, 
juglandis, iridis? Nonne paratse sunt? 11, Puer piger non amat 
laborare, sed eras diligenter laborabit. 12. Padicis corticem 
macerabit et colocyntbidem pulverabit, alcoholicum berberidis ex- 
tracturn et fluidum hydrastis extractum percolabit. 13. Joanne, 
Exercise. 27. 46 
THIRD DECLENSION. 
quot physostigmatis grana segroto dabo? 14. Quot grand! leti- 
ferum venenum est! Octava pars unius grani satis est. Letifera 
venena cum (with) magna cura tracta. 15. Paravistine abstrac- 
tum, extractum, fluidum extractum, tincturam nucis-vomicae ? 
16. Socius nucis-voraicse pilulas parabat. 17. Nucis-vomicae tinc- 
tura medici a filio macerata, et percolata, et parata est. 
Exercise. 28. 
1. The extract of physostigma is a deadly poison, Charles; han- 
dle (it) with great care. 2. Give the patient the eighth part of a grain. 
3. The unlearned physician gave the patient five grains of the 
extract of digitalis. 4. The poor fellow (miser) was almost killed 
by the poison. 5. A skillful physician was immediately called. 
6. The skillful physician relieved the sick man by means of an 
emetic. 7. Did not the friends of the patient kill the wretched 
doctor who (qui) gave the poison? 8. No; he lived in America, 
not in China. 9. How many grains of the extract of walnut shall 
I give? 10. Give a strong man fifteen grains, and a small boy 
three. 11. The iris pills are on the counter ready for the boy. 
12, Pulverize the dry roots of colchicum and steep in four cups of 
pure water, and strain the extract carefully. 13. The boy was 
cured by the fluid extract of hydrastis. 14. A part of the com- 
pound extract of colocynthis had been steeped and strained. 15. 
The physician’s servant had labored diligently. 16. The son of 
the hardy farmer had been relieved by a few white walnut pills. 
17. Skillful druggists handle poisons with great care. 
Questions to be Answered in Latin. 
1, Nonne medicus segroto pilulas iridis dabat? 2. Ubi est nucis 
vomicse extractum? 3. Nonne in abaco alto est? 4. Quis colo- 
cynthidis extractum compositum percolavit? 5. Nonne a servo 
medicamentarii percolatum est? 6. Num puer piger radices iridis 
pulverabat? 7. Potabat-ne puer digitalis tincturam? 8. Nonne 
statim seger fuit? 9. Quis puerum levavit? 10. Dabat-ne misero 
vomitorium? 11, Num venenum eras potabit? SECOND CONJUGATION. 
47 
CHAPTER X. 
53. SECOND CONJUGATION: E VERBS. 
Verb Stem, mon, moni; Present Stem, mone. 
ACTIVE VOICE.—MONEO, I ADVISE. 
PRINCIPAL PARTS. 
Pres. Ind. 
moneo, 
Pres. Inf. 
monere, 
Perf. Ind. 
monui, 
Supine. 
mon itum. 
Indicative Mood. 
PRESENT TENSE. 
SINGULAR. 
I advise. 
PLURAL. 
moneo, 
mones, 
monei. 
mon emus, 
monetis, 
monent. 
I was advising, or I advised. 
IMPERFECT. 
monebnm, 
mon ebcu., 
mon ebat. 
mon ebdmus, 
monebatis 
monebant. 
I shall or will advise. 
FUTURE. 
mon ebb, 
mone6is, 
raonebit. 
monebimus, 
mon ebitis, 
monebunt. 
I have advised, or 1 advised. 
PERFECT. 
monui, 
monuisii, 
monud. 
monuimus, 
monu istis, 
monuerunt, or ere. 
PLUPERFECT. 
monueram, 
monueros, 
monuera^. 
I had advised 
monuemmus, 
menu erdtis. 
monu erant. 48 
SECOND CONJUGATION. 
FUTURE PERFECT. 
I shall or will have advised. 
monuero, 
monuem, 
monuccil 
monuerhnus, 
monuerKis, 
monuermf. 
Subjunctive. 
PRESENT. 
mon earn, 
moneos, 
moneaf. 
SINGULAR. 
moneamus, 
mon edits, 
mon eunt. 
PLURAL. 
IMPERFECT. 
mon erem, 
mon eres, 
mon eret. 
mon eremus, 
mon eretis. 
mon event. 
monueram, 
monuem, 
monuerii. 
PERFECT, 
monu ertmus, 
monu eritis. 
monu erint. 
PLUPERFECT. 
monmssem, 
monuisses, 
monu^se^. 
monuissemus, 
monuissetis, 
monuissent. 
Imperative. 
Pres, mone, advise thou ; 
Fut. moneto, thou shall advise, 
moneto, he shall advise; 
monete, advise ye. 
monetote, ye shall advise, 
monento, they shall advise. 
Infinitive. 
Pres, monere, ■ to advise. 
Perf. monuisse to have advised. 
Fut. moniturus esse to be about to advise. 
Participle. 
Pres, monens advising. 
Fut. monituras about to advise. 
Gerund. 
Gen. monendi of advising. 
Dat. monendo for advising. SECOND CONJUGATION. 
Acc. monendum. . advising. 
Abl. monendo by advising. 
Acc. monitam to advise. 
Abl. monitu to advise, be advised. 
Supine. 
PASSIVE VOICE. 
208. Moneor, I am advised.—Stem, mbne. 
PRINCIPAL PARTS. 
Pres. Ind. 
m6n edr, 
Pres. Inf. 
m6n erl, 
PerJ. Ind: 
m6nltws mm. 
Indicative Mood. 
present tense. 
I am advised. 
SINGULAR. 
PLURAL. 
moneor, 
mSnem or monere, 
mbnetur. 
monemur, 
m6neminl, 
m6n entUr. 
IMPERFECT. 
I was advised. 
m6n ebdr, 
m6nebdrls, or monebdre, 
m6n ebdtUr, 
m6n ebdmur, 
m6n ehdminl, 
m5n ebantur. 
FUTURE 
I shall or will he advised. 
mbnebbr, 
m6nebSris, or monebSre, 
m6n ebitur. 
mOneMmur, 
m6n ebiminl, 
mOnebuntur. 
1 have been or was advised. 
PERFECT. 
mSnltMS sij/m, 
mOnitws 8s, 
monitMS est. 
mftniti sihnUs, 
m6niti estis, 
moniti sunt. 
I had been advised. 
PLUPERFECT 
mOnltMS Srdm, 
niftnitus eras, 
mSmtws er&t. 
m6niti Sramus, 
monlti gratis, 
mdnlli grant. SECOND CONJUGATION. 
I shall or will have been advised. 
FUTURE PERFECT. 
mSniUfe Sro, 
mdnitMs Sns, 
m6nitws tint. 
mOnxti Srlmtis, 
mOniti Snlls, 
monlu h'unt. 
Subjunctive. 
SINGULAR. 
PRESENT. 
PLURAL. 
mon ear, 
mSneans, or monedre, 
m6n edlur, 
mCmednmr, 
m6n edmXnl, 
mdneantu?•, 
m6n erSr, 
m5neverts, or monerere, 
m6n eretUr. 
IMPERFECT. 
m5n eremur 
m6n ereminl, 
mdnerentur. 
PERFECT 
m6nit#s stm, 
monitus sis, 
mSniUls sit. 
mdnitd simus, 
mOniti sltts, 
inonlli sint. 
mSmtils essem, 
m6nitMS esses, 
mSnitws essSt, 
PLUPERFECT, 
mftnltl essemtis, 
niftmti essetls, 
monltl essent. 
Imperative. 
Pres. m6nec<5, be thou advised; 
Fut. m6ne<5r, thou shall be advised. 
m8netbr, he shall be advised. 
mQnemlnl, be ye advised. 
m6nentdr, they shall be advised. 
Pres. m5nm to be advised. 
Perf. mOnitits essS to have been advised. 
Put. mftmtwm Irl to be about to be advised. 
Infinitive 
Participle. 
Perf. monitus . . advised. 
Ger- mOnendus. . . to be advised, deserving to be advised. SECOND CONJUGATION. 
CHAPTER XL 
54. SECOND CONJUGATION. 
1. Learn the present, imperfect and future indicative, and 
present imperative and infinitive, active and passive, of moneo. 
Augeo, 2, auxi, auctum increase. 
Habeo, 2, -ui,-itum have, hold. 
Exerceo, 2, -ul,-itum exercise, train. 
Deleo, 2, delevi, deletum destroy. 
Moneo, 2, -ui,-Iturn advise. 
Teneo, 2, -ui, -tentum hold, keep. 
Doceo, 2, -ui, doctum teach. 
Vocabulary. 13. 
1. Mones, moneris, monet, monemur, monetis, monentur. 2. 
Habent, habebant, habetis, habebitis. 3. Exerceris, exercemini, 
exercentur. 4. Exercebatur, exercebitur, exercebimini, exerceberis, 
exercebuntur. 5. Delebis, delebitur, delebuntur, deleris, deletur. 
6. Monere, moneri, mone, monete, monemini. 7. Nonne tenebit, 
exercebat-ne, habebo-ne ? 8. Delebitur, exercebuntur, monebantur, 
habentur. 
Exercise. 29. 
1. You are advising, you will advise, you were advised. 2. 
Advise thou, be thou advised, exercise ye, be ye exercised. 3. 
We are held, they hold, they were holding, you will be held. 4. 
They will destroy, they were destroying, I shall be destroyed, you 
will be destroyed. 5. Destroy thou, destroy ye, be ye destroyed, 
be thou destroyed. 6. Will he not be destroyed ? will he advise ? 
will you hold ? 7. I was teaching, I was taught, you were teach- 
ing, you were being taught. 8. Increase thou, be ye increased, to 
increase, to be increased. 
Vocabulary. 14, 
Bismuthum, In bismuth. 
Debeo, 2, -ui, -itum owe, be in debt, ought. 52 
SECOND CONJUGATION. 
Expressus, a, um expressed. 
Hydrargyrum, i, n mercury. 
Febrifixga, se, F febrifuge. 
Misceo, 2, -ui, mistum, mixtum . . . mix, mingle. 
Memoria, se, F memory. 
Macis, -idis, F mace. 
Myristica, se, f nutmeg. 
Nitrum, i, N nitre. 
Nitras, -atis, M nitrate. 
Nitricus, a, um nitric. 
Numero, 1, -avi, -atum number. 
Si (conj.) if. 
Salix, -icis, F willow. 
Salicinum, i, n salicin (febrifuge). 
Studium, i, N study. 
Tot (adv.) so many. 
Yidetur {he, she, it) seems. 
1. Quid in medicamentarii ofheina videbas? 2. Medicamenta 
multa videbam. 3. Habebat-ne nitrum et nitrates multos? 4. 
Numerum nitratum non memoria teneo, quia non numerabam. 
5. Videbas-ne nitratem potassii, et plumbi nitratem, et hydrargyri 
nitratem, et bismuthi nitratem, et ? 6. Satis, satis; tot nitrates 
nunquam videbam in ulla officina. 7. Memoriam studio debes 
exercere. 8. Medicus-ne myristiese oleum expressum et macidis 
oleum et flores habebat? 9. Febrifuga, salicinum, ex salicis 
cortice paratur. 10. Si memoriam studio augebis, nomina 
medicamentorum memoria tenebis. 11. Doctus medicamentarius 
hydrargyri nitratem nomine signabat. 
Exercise. 30. 
1. Will a skillful druggist mix the nitrate of potassium and 
the nitrate of lead? 2. The oils of nutmeg and mace are both 
on the counter. If you ask 1 for oil of mace, the inexperienced 
druggist will often give (you) oil of nutmeg. 4. If you ask for 
nitre, he will give a nitrate. 5. He has never trained his memory 
by study. 6. He does not seem to remember the names of his 
Exercise. 31. 
1 The future tense must be used. SECOND CONJUGATION. 
53 
drugs. 7. Chloral, chloride, chlorine and chlorate art (badly) 
mixed in his memory. 8. He stays in the store, but he will never 
be a druggist. 9. Doctor, prepare, if you please, a few ounces of 
the extract of colocynthis. 10. Will he prepare the extract ? 
No; he sells drugs; but he is no druggist. 
1. Quid est in phiala, puer? 2. Delebit-ne aqua fortis phialam? 
3. Nonne aqua fortis digitos pueri pigri mordebit? 4. Quid dol- 
5rem mulcebit? 5. Habet-ne puer chloroformum in phiala parva ? 
6. Ubi sunt linimenta camphorse et belladonnse ? 7- Sunt-ne 
chlorates etiam in abaco ? 8. Masticabat-ne puer piger tabacum ? 
9. Quid puella pulchra masticabat? 10. Num medicamentarius 
puellis gummi vendit ? 
Questions to he Answered in Latin. 
Vocabulary, 15, 
Bicarbonas, -atis, M bicarbonate. 
Citras, -atis, m citrate. 
Chloras, -atis, m chlorate. 
Chloroformum, !, N chloroform. 
Dulcis, e sweet. 
D6!or, -oris, m poin. 
Etiam, adv. and conjunc. (et + jam) . . also, even. 
Incongriius, a, -um incongruous. 
Linimentum, i, N liniment. 
Mulceo, 2, mulsi, mulsum soothe, alloy, quiet, 
Medico, 1, -avi, -atum heal, cure. 
Mordeo, 2, momordi, morsum bite. 
Nitris, -itis M nitrite. 
Ordo, -inis, M ........... . row, line, order. 
Phiala, se, r phial or vial. 
Sapo, -onis, M soap. 
Subacetas, atis, M subacetate. 
1. Medicus vetus medicamenta multa habebat. 2. In abaco 
alto medicamenta nova videbam. 3. Citrates tres, nitrates duos, 
plumbi subacetatem, potassii chloratem, in officina hodie videbam. 
4. Phialae medicamentorum nominibus signatae erant. 5. Citratem 
Exercise. 32. 54 
SECOND CONJUGATION. 
ferri, citratem sodii, citratem quininse in pliialis habebat. 6. In 
ordine longo nitrates ferri, bydrargyri, potassii, plumbi, bismuthi, 
sodii bicarbonas et alia medicamenta multa erant. 7. Medici 
filius imperitus phialam tenebat, et acidum nitricum digitos mor- 
debat. 8. Cataplasma liui dolorem mulcebat. 9. Num linimenta 
sinapis, cantbaridis, camphorse, vel ammonias dolorem raulcebunt? 
10. Habet-ne medicos etiam linimenta saponis, calcis, cbloroformi, 
belladounse? 
1. Wbat have you in the vials on the shelf, doctor? 2. I have 
liniments of mustard, Spanish fly, camphor, ammonia, chloroform, 
belladonna, soap and lime. 3. Nitric acid bit the boy’s third 
finger. 4. What will soothe the pain ? 5* An inexperienced boy 
ought not to mix medicines. 6. He will destroy many costly 
medicines by his incongruous mixtures. 7- Ought he to mix the 
nitrates of potassium and mercury? 8. Will he mix the oil of 
sweet orange and the tincture of ipecac ? 9. And will he drink 
the mixture? 10. Will peppermint essence soothe his stomach- 
ache? 11. Extracts, essences, tinctures, liniments, nitrates, citrates, 
carbonates, chlorates and many other medicines will be prepared 
by the skillful druggist. 12. The lazy son of the unskillful drug- 
gist will destroy many costly drugs. 13. He will burn his fingers 
with nitric acid, and try to allay the smart with Spanish-fly lini- 
ment. 
Exercise. 33. 
Questions to he Answered in Latin. 
1. Quid in phiala est ? 2. Quod aliud nomen est acido nitricor 
3. Nonne est aqua fortis? 4. Habet-ne puer aquam fortem in 
phiala? 5. Nonne digitos pueri pigri mordebit? 6. Quid dolorem 
mulcebit? 7. Habet-ne in phiala parva remedium? 8. Ubi 
sunt linimenta camphorse et belladonnse? 9. Sunt-ne chloras po- 
tassii et bicarbonas sodii in abaco? 10. Masticat-ne puer piger 
immundum tabacum? 11. Quid puella pulchra masticabat? 12. 
Num medicamentarius vendit gummi puellis? Fere incredibile 
videtur! SECOND CONJUGATION. 
CHAPTER XII. 
55. SECOND CONJUGATION—CONTINUED. 
1. Learn the perfect, pluperfect and future perfect indicative, 
and perfect infinitive, active and passive, of moneo. 
2. Rale of Syntax.—Separation is expressed by the ablative 
with a, ah, de, e, ex, in connection with verbs compounded with 
these prepositions, or by the ablative alone with simple verbs 
meaning to set free, deprive or want: Ab urhe ablhat, he departed 
from the city; de provincia decessit, he withdrew from the prov- 
ince ; ex civitate excessit, he departed from the state; vir ceger med- 
icina caret, the sick man wants medicine; vir ceger cibo privatus est, 
the sick man has been deprived of food; nos curd liberabit, he will 
free us from care. 
Arceo, 2, -ui, -itum keep off. 
A (before consonants) 1 , . . . 
., , » , , >w. abl away from, by. 
Ab {before vowels) J ’ 9 
Bitartras, -atis, M bitartrate. 
Careo, 2, -ui, -Itum want, lack 
Cibus, i, M food. 
Cascarilla, se, F cascarUla. 
M6us, a, um my, mine. 
Moveo, 2, movi, motum move. 
Nunquam, adv never. 
Prajbeo, 2, -ui, -itum furnish, offer, hold forth. 
Privo, 1, -avi, -atum deprive. 
Pyrophosphas, -atis, m pyrophosphate. 
Rumex, -icis, M. or p. . yellow dock. 
Suus, -a, -um his, their. 
Sulphuricus, -a, -um sulphuric. 
Tonicus, -a, -um tonic. 
Tonicum, -i, N a tonic. 
Tuus, -a, -um your, thy. 
Tartras, -sitis, M tartrate. 
Vocabulary. 16. 
1. Monui, monueram, monuero, monuimus, monueramus, mon- 
uerimus. 2. Monuisti, monuistis, monueras, monueratis, monueris. 
Exercise. 34. SECOND CONJUGATION. 
raonugritis. 3. Monuerunt, monuere, monuerint, monuerant. 4. 
Monitus est. moniti estis, moniti eratis, moniti eritis. 5. Monul, 
monitus es, monuit, moniti sumus, monuistis, moniti erant. 6. 
Monuisse, monitus esse, monere, moneri. 
7. Quinina malariam a viro segro arcuit. 8. Yir aeger tonico 
caruerat. 9. Cibo et aqua privatus erat, 10 Cur medic us non 
segro ferri phosphatis pilulas prsebuerat ? 11. Tonica medicamenta 
rnulta medico sunt. 12. Miser vir segrotus acido nitrico, acido 
sulpburico, argenti nitrate, bismuthi subnitrate, cascarilla, cincho- 
na, gentiana, piperina, quassia,quinina, salicinoet aliistonicis multis 
a malo medico privatus est. 18. Agricola filio aegro rumicis ex- 
tractum fluidum praebuit. 14. Citras ammonii et bismuthi ab 
abaco raotus erat. 15. Mi puer, aegro viro quassiae fluidi extracti 
poculum parvum praebe. 16. Quis potassii bitartratem a loco 
moverat ? 
Exercise. 35. 
1. I was moved, 1 had moved, I shall have been moved. 2. 
You bad moved, we had been moved, you will have been ad- 
vised. 3, You had been offered, he had offered, they will have 
offered. 4. I bad lacked food and medicine. 5. The sick man 
bad wanted a cascarilla tonic. 6. The cream of tartar had been 
moved from its place. 7. The druggist had moved the tartrate of 
bismuth from the counter. 8. The patient had been deprived of 
food and medicine, and wanted water. 9. Quassia is a good tonic, 
and will keep off malaria. 10. My good friend, how many pre- 
scriptions have you? 11. Prepare three, if you please, for my 
sick friend, the surgeon. 12. What is the first prescription i 13. 
“ Take (recipe) an ounce of sulphate of magnesia, ten drops of 
diluted sulphuric acid, a drachm of the syrup of rose and an 
ounce of the fluid extract of peppermint. Mix.” 14. The sec- 
ond is: “ Take an ounce of the fluid extract of quassia and a 
drachm of the tincture of gentian. Mix.” 15. What is the third ? 
“ Take twenty ounces of the compound extract of sarsaparilla 
and a scruple of the iodide of potassium.” THIRD DECLENSION. 
To be Answered in Latin. 
1. Ubi est bismuthi tartras ? 2. Num vir seger cibo privatus 
est? 3. Quis puellse segrse sarsaparillse extractum fluidum pra*- 
buerat ? 4. Quando hydrargyri pilulam segro prsebebas ? 5. Ubi 
est pyrophosphas ferri ? 6. Quid malariam ab segro arcebit ? 7. 
Nonne malaria quininse pilulis arcebitur? 8. Quot pilulas cin- 
chona segro prsebebo ? 9. Num tonica raulta morbum arcebunt ? 
10. Est-ne rumicis extractum tonicum bonum ? 11. Amarse-ne pil- 
ulse pigrum puerum sanabunt ? 
CHAPTER XIII. 
56. THIED DECLENSION—CONTINUED. 
LIQUID STEMS. 
Liquor, M. 
liquor. 
St., liquor—. 
Pater, M. 
father. 
St., patr—. 
Singular. 
Lotio, F. 
wash. 
St., lotion—. 
Semen, N. 
seed. 
St., semin—. 
N. V., liquor, 
G., liquoris, 
D, liquori, 
Ac., liquorem, 
Ab, liquore. 
pater, 
patris, 
patri, 
patrem, 
patre. 
lotio, 
lotionis, 
lotioni, 
lotionem, 
lotione. 
semen, 
seminis, 
semini, 
semen, 
semine. 
Plural 
N. Y., Iiqu5res, 
G., liquorum, 
D., liquoribus, 
Ac., liquores, 
Ab., liquoribus. 
patres, 
patrum, 
patribus, 
patres, 
patribus. 
lotiones, 
lotionum, 
lotioni&us, 
lotiones, 
lotionibus. 
semina, 
seminum, 
seminalis, 
semina, 
seminibus. 
TERMINATIONS. 
Masculine and Feminine. 
SINGULAR. 
PLURAL. 
SINGULAR. 
Neuter. 
PLURAL. 
N. V., — 
G., is, 
es, 
um, 
is, 
a. 
um. 58 
THIRD DECLENSION. 
D., I, ibus, i, ibus. 
Ac., em, es, — a. 
Ab., e. ibus, e, ibus. 
57. Rule of Syntax.—Time when is expressed by the ablative 
without a preposition ; time within which, by the ablative alone, 
or by the ablative with in. 
1. Puer impiger phialas centum sethere et alcohole horis sex 
implevit. 2. Pes claudi nautse valde dolet. 3. Medicus benignus 
chloroformo et sethere dolorem heri levavit. 4. Lenimenta doloris 
multa in officina habet. 5. vEgrotus prima hora ulmi cataplasma 
tentabat; secunda, belladonnoe emplastrum applicabat; tertia, gly- 
cerini lotione pedem lavabat; quarta, glycerin! unguento carebat; 
ct tamen non valuit. 6. Dolor hora nona chloroformo levatus est. 
7. Cor et jecur segri miseri valde dolent. 8. Medice bone, vale- 
bit-ne vir seger ? Sedes morbi in corde est,—nunquam valebit. 
10. Pel et jecur etiam viri miseri segrotant. 11. Medicus bonus 
liquores ferri et quininse, ferri nitratis, magnesii citratis, pepsini, 
sodii arsenatis, potassii arsenitis, et alios liquores multos habet; sed 
nulla medicamenta segrotura sanabunt. 12. Magistri filius morbo 
hieme tentatus est. 13. Initio veris valebat. 
Exercise. 36. 
Exercise. 37. 
1. Celsus was the name of a famous Roman physician. 2. The 
farmer’s son became sick at the beginning of winter. 3. Many 
remedies were tried by his parents. 4. The violence of the disease 
was lightened by no lotions, emulsions or medicated liquors. 5. 
The cup was filled with alcohol by the physician’s servant, 6. The 
servant’s little black boy has the stomache-ache. 7. A few drops 
of the oil of peppermint will relieve the sharp pain. 8. Cerate of 
glycerine will not cure a pain in the heart. 9. The heart and 
liver of the wretched man were in great pain.1 10. The skillful 
physician relieved the poor patient at day-break with chloroform 
1 Valde dolebant. THIRD DECLENSION. 
59 
11. Albumen is said to be a natural emulsion. 12. Glycerite of 
the yolk of egg will heal the boy’s wounded arm. 
Questions to he Answered in Latin, 
1. Implevit-ne puer phialas alcohole? 2, Ubi coriandri semina 
sunt? 3. Quis cinchoninte pilulas ab abaco removit? 4. Quo modo 
vales hodie, amice? 5. Prsebuisti-ne segro viro albuminis emul- 
sionem? 6. Rogavit-ne glycerinum? 7. Nonne medicamenta in 
abaco movisti ? 8. Cur phialas lotidne glycerini non implevisti? 
9. Es-ne seger, an piger, mi puer? 
CHAPTER XIV. 
58. THIRD DECLENSION-CONTINUED. 
1. SIBILANT STEMS. 
Flos, M. 
Flower, 
St., flos (flor-), 
Tus, N. 
incense, 
St., tus (tur-), 
Opiis, N. 
work, 
St., opes (oper-) 
Corpus, N. 
body. 
St., corpos (corpor ) 
N. Y., flos, tus, opus, corpus. 
G., floras, turis, operis, corporis. 
D., flori, turi, operi, corpori. 
Ac., florem, tus, opus, corpus. 
Ab., flore, ture, opere, corpore. 
Singular. 
Plural. 
N. V., flores, tura, opera, corpora. 
G., floram, turum, operam, corpontm. 
D., floriims, tun'6as, operibus, corporibus. 
Ac., flores, tura, opera, corpora. 
Ab., flor ibus, turibus, operibus, corporeus. 
59. ADJECTIVE. 
Singular. 
Vetus, Old. 
Plural. 
Masc. and Fem. Neut. 
N. Y., Vetus,, vetus, 
Masc. and Fern. Neut. 
veter es, vetem. 60 
THIRD DECLENSION. 
G., veteris, veteris, veter um, veterum. 
D., veteri, veteri, veteribus, veteribus. 
Ac., veterem, vetus, veteres, vetero. 
Ab., vetere, vetere, veteribus, veteribus. 
60. These were originally sibilant stems; but the s was changed 
to r when standing between two vowels. 
61. Buie of Syntax.—Manner is often expressed by the ablative 
with cum; but cum is usually omitted when the ablative is modi- 
fied by an adjective, and sometimes when not thus modified: Cum 
virtute vixit, he lived virtuously; Summa vi proelium commiserunt, 
they joined battle with the greatest violence; Injuria agit, he is 
acting unjustly. 
Vocabulary. 17. 
Cflm, prep. w. abl with. 
Corpus, oris, N.. body. 
Conjectura, ae, f guess, conjecture. 
Certus, a, um . certain, fixed, definite. 
Contineo, 2, ui,-tentum contain. 
Diligens, entis, adj attentive, careful. 
Empiricus, i, M empiric, quack. 
Flos, oris, M flower. 
Formula, ae, f formula, form, rule. 
Fleo, 2, flevi, fletum (intr. and trans.) . . . weep, bewail. 
GSnils, eris, n kind, sort, race. 
Libra, ae, F pound, balance. 
Mereo, 2, ui, iturn itr.) deserve, merit. 
Mensura, ae, F measure. 
Opiis, eris, N work. 
Pensum, i, n lesson, task. 
Pipfir, eris, N pepper. 
Prunus, i, f plum tree. 
Prunum, i, N • pium, prune. 
Piperraa, ae, f piperine. 
Resinosus, a, ura resinous. 
Penso, 1, avi, atum, tr., weigh. 
Scrupfllum, i, n scruple. 
Triitina, ae, f balance. THIRD DECLENSION. 
61 
Exercise. 38. 
1. Medici periti medicamenta cum cura magna parant. 2. Em- 
pirici medicamenta conjectura parant. 3. Nil cum cura pensant. 
4. Medicamentarius diligens pulveris omne genus in officina hab- 
uit. 5. In pharmacopoeia Americana novem pulveres officinales sunt, 
Quot, mi discipule, memoria tenes ? 7. Omnes meraoria teneo,—- 
antimonialem pulverem, aromaticum pulverem, glycyrrhizse pul- 
verem, —et—et,—rliei compositum pulverem,—et—in pulveribus 
hsereo. 8. Parvus puer meraoria tenebit, quia quarta bora heri 
recitabat. 9. Pulveres ceteros nomina, mi puer parve. 10. Cet- 
eri sunt cretse compositus pulvis, pulvis effervescens compositus, 
ipecacuanha et opii pulvis, jalapse compositus pulvis, morphinse 
compositus pulvis. 11. Bene! prsemium magnum meres. 12. 
Flores aurantii dulcis, et pauca pruna exsiccata, et glycyrrhizae 
extractura habebis. 13. Piperina ex pipere parata est. 14. 
Puer piger flebat, quod magister pensura longum et durum 
dabat. 15. Pigro breve pensum visum est longum, quod studere 
non amabat. 
Exercise. 39. 
1. The little boy deserves a reward, because be remembered all 
the officinal powders. 2. The American Pharmacopoeia contains 
formulas for nine officinal powders.1 3. The careful druggist pre- 
pares all medicines by weight2 and measure. 4. The quack pre- 
pares all doses by guess. 5. Medicines are never carefully mixed 
by the quack. 6. The careful student deserved the master’s praise. 
7. He labored with great diligence, and filled, in two hours, a hun- 
dred phials with chloroform. 8. He shall have (some) liquorice 
and half a pound of dried prunes and some gum. 9. The Phar- 
macopoeia contaius formulas for medicines of every kind. 10. 
The powder of liquorice is sweet. 11, The prescription calls 
for (postulat) a drachm of the powder of jalap, a scruple of the 
poAvder of scammonium, twenty grains of the chloride of mercury 
and some simple syrup, 12. Prepare the prescription quickly, 
doctor, the patient is very sick. 
1 Use the genitive. 
* Trutina. 62 
THIRD DECLENSION. 
1. Quis medicamenta pensat? 2. Quis medicaraenta magna 
cum cura parat ? 3. Laborat-ne empiricus cum cura ? 4. Quod 
genus medicament! in phiala babes ? 5. Habes-ne taraxaci ex- 
traction fluidum in poculo ? 6. Dedisti-ne vulnerato viro chloro- 
formum ? 7. Dolorne segri cbloroformo leyatus est? 8. Quot 
phialas scillse syrupo horis duabis implebas? 9. Cur alcoholem 
ab abaco reraovisti? 10. Nonne in suo loco alcohol erat? 11. 
Ubi est phiala parva? 12. Num omnes phialas delevisti? 
Questions to he Answered in Latin. 
62. THIRD DECLENSION-CONTINUED. 
CHAPTER XV. 
1. STEMS IN I. 
Nubes, F., Tussis, f., Febris, f., Ignis, m., Urbs, F. 
Cloud, cough, fever, fire, city. 
St, nubi, St., tussi, St., febri, St., igni, St., urbi. 
Singular. 
N. Y., nubes, tussis, febris, ignis, urbs. 
G., nubis, tussis, febris, ignis, urbis. 
D., nubi, tussi, febri, igni, urbi. 
Ac., nubem, tussim, febrim, em, ignem, urbem. 
Ab., nube, tussi, febri, e, igni, e, urbe. 
N. Y., nubes, tusses, febres, ignes, urbes. 
G., nubium, tusswm, februm, ignium, urbram. 
D., nubibus, tussibus, febribus, ignibus, urbi6ws. 
Ac., nubes, tusses, Is, febres, Is, ignes, Is, urbes. 
Ab., nubi6ws, tussibus, febribus, ignibus, urbibus. 
Mare, N., animal, N., calcar, n. 
Sea, animal, spur. Terminations. 
St., mari, St., animali, St., calcari. masc. fem. 
Singular. Sing. Plur. 
N. V., mare, animal, calcar, is, es, es. 
Plural. THIRD DECLENSION. 
63 
G., maris, animalis, calcaris, is, ium. 
D., mari, animali, calcari, i, ibus. 
Ac., mare, animal, calcar, em, im, es, is. 
A b., mari, animali, calcari, e, i, ibus. 
Plural. 
Neuter. 
N. Y., maria, animalia, calcaria, e or — ia. 
G., mariam, animalium, calcariam, is, ium. 
D., mari/>as, animali6as, calcari6as, i, ibus. 
Ac., maria, animalia, calcaria, e or — ia. 
Ab., maribus, animaliftas, calcariiras, i, ibus. 
Acer, sharp, keen, sour. St., acri. 
63. ADJECTIVES, 
Singular. 
Plural,. 
Masc. Fem. Neut. 
N. V., acer, acris, acre, 
G., acris, acris, acris, 
D., acri, acri, acri, 
Ac., acrem, acrem, acre, 
Ab ., acri, acri, acri, 
Masc. Fem. Neut. 
acres, acres, ac via. 
acrium, acrium, acrium, 
acribus, acribus, acribus. 
acres, is, acres, is, acria. 
acribus, acribus, acribus. 
Singular. 
Mills,—mild, gentle. St, mill. 
Plural. 
Masc. and Fem. Neut. 
N. Y., mitis, mite, 
G., mitis, mitis, 
D., miti, miti, 
Ac., mitem, mite, 
Ab., miti, miti, 
Masc. and Fem. Neut. 
mites, mitia, 
mitium, mitium, 
mitiius, mit i6us. 
mites, is, mitia. 
miti6us, miti6as. 
Memor,—mindful. St, memorl. 
Singular. 
Plural. 
Masc. and Fem. 
N. Y-, membr, 
G., mgmbris, 
D., rnemrtri, 
Ac., mfimorem, 
Ab., memori, 
Neut. 
mgmbr, 
memOris, 
memori, 
memor, 
memori, 
Masc. and Fem. 
mfimores.1 
mC moram. 
memorii/MS. 
mgmores. 
m6mori6us. 
1 It has no neuter plural. 64 
THIRD DECLENSION. 
64. Observe,— 
(1) That the i of the stem is sometimes lost, and sometimes 
changed to e. It appears in the terminations im, Is (ac. plur.), i 
(abl. sing.), ia and ium. 
(2) That the ablative singular has in some nouns I, in some e, 
and in some I or e; in adjectives, nearly always I. 
(3) That the genitive plural has ium, and the nominative and 
accusative plural neuter ia. 
(4) That memor has urn. in the genitive plural, masculine and 
feminine. 
65. To stems in i belong,— 
(1) Nouns in is and es not increasing1 in the genitive. 
(2) Neuters in e, al and ar. 
(3) Adjectives of two terminations. 
(4) Adjectives of the third declension of three terminations. 
66. Adjectives declined like deer are called adjectives of three 
terminations ; those declined like mitis, adjectives of two termina- 
tions ; while those declined like vetus and memor are called adjec- 
tives of one termination. 
67. Rule of Syntax.—Verbs of making, choosing, calling, regard- 
ing, showing, and the like, admit two accusatives of the same 
person or thing: Hamilcarem imperatorem fecerunt, they made 
Hamilcar commander ; Ancum regem populus creavit, the people 
elected Ancus king; summum consilium appellaverunt senatum, 
they called their highest council senate. 
Vocabulary. 18. 
Ater, atra, atrum black, sad, gloomy. 
Acer, acris, acre keen, sharp, eager. 
Animal, -is, N animal. 
Bilis, -is, F bile. 
De, prep. w. abl , concerning, about. 
Dosis, -is, F dose. 
Existimo, 1, -avi, -atum (tr.) think, estimate. 
Febris, -is, F fever. 
1A word is said to increase in the genitive when this case has more syllables than the 
nominative. THIRD DECLENSION. 
Frater, fratris, M brother. 
Foras, adv. (with verbs of motion). . • out of doors, out. 
Ignis, -is, M fire. 
Inter, prep., w. acc among, between. 
Lis, -itis, p strife, contention. 
Levis, e light, nimble. 
Mcrrbua, se, F cod-fish. 
Mitis, e mild, gentle. 
Nox, noctis, F night. 
Nobilis, e noble. 
Panis, is, M bread. 
Pulmonalis, e pulmonary. 
Pulmo, onis, M lungs. 
Potens, -entis, adj powerful, potent. 
Per, prep., w. acc through, by means of. 
Sitis, -is, F thirst. 
Soror, -oris, F sister. 
Subinde, adv from time to time, now and then. 
Tussis, -is, F cough. 
Trachealis, e tracheal. 
Tristitia, se, F sadness, melancholy. 
Torpeo, ere, intr to be torpid, inactive. 
YShemcns, -entis, adj vehement, violent. 
Venter, -tris, M belly, pouch, stomach. 
Exebcise. 40. 
1. Militis soror mala tussi laborabat. 2. De genere tussis erat 
magna lis inter medicos. 3. Vetus medicus tussim appellabat 
plithisira pulmonalem. 4. Juvenis medicus morbum appellabat 
trachealem tussim. 5. Indus medicus tussim nominabat stomach- 
alem. 6. Vetus medicus olei morrhuse prsescriptum dedit. 7. 
Dosis fuit duae drachmae fluidae olei morrlmae. 8. Juvenis medi- 
cus puellae miserae medicatum vaporem dedit. 9. Indus medicus 
dedit praescriptum allii et scillae syrupi. 10. Dosis Indi medici 
fuit “magnum cochleare syrupi subinde.” 11, Jam misera puella 
fere mortua erat, quum sanus frater omnia medicamenta foras 
jactavit, et mox soror valuit. 12. Puer levem febrem nocte habet. 
13. Quum febris adest, magnam sitim habet, et acrem capitis dol- 
orem, 14. Omnia membra in acri dolore sunt. 15. Ignis febris 66 
THIRD DECLENSION. 
in omnibus ossibus esse videtur. 16. Non leve et mite remedium 
segrotum nunc sanabit. 17. Nunc, o medici nobiles, acria reme- 
dia adhibete. 18. Innumerabilia fere sunt genera febrium. 19. 
Diligens discipulus quinque sexve genera nominabit: febres bilio- 
sas, tabidas, congestlvas, convulstvas, nervosas, periodicas, pestilent- 
idles. 
1. Not many kinds of animals have fevers. 2. Black bile was 
thought by the Greeks to be the cause of melancholy. 3. There 
was a sharp contention among the physicians concerning the kind 
of fever. 4. The old quack called all fevers malaria. 5. He cures 
malaria with pills of “ blue mass ” and quinine. 6. The girl had 
a bad bronchial cough. 7. The old doctor cured the cough with 
a few doses of cod-liver oil. 8. The seat of the cough was in the 
trachea. 9. Give the patient now and then a large spoonful of 
the syrup of garlic. 10. The poor patient was thought to have a 
light fever at night. 11. A nervous fever greatly increased the 
patient’s thirst and cough. 12. The sick man has the headache, a 
pain in the stomach, and a violent fever. 13. Peppermint essence 
and bread pills will not lighten the patient’s pain. 14. Sharp 
pains demand powerful remedies. 15. The ignorant physician 
calls every fever malaria. 16. If a boy has the headache, if his 
liver is torpid, if he has a pain in the stomach, malaria is the 
cause. 17. Give the boy four grains of quinine, and he will be 
well. 
Exercise. 41. 
Questions to be Answered in Latin. 
1. Quis magnas doses dat? 2. Est-ne atra bilis signum insanise? 
3. Nonne magnum certamen inter medicos de genere febris erat? 
4. Nonne omnes medici de tussi puelhe concordant? 5. Quis 
morbura pueri nervosam febrem appellat ? 6. Quis morbum pes- 
tilentialem febrem appellat ? 7. Est-ne febris biliosa letalis ? 8. 
Torpet-ne jecur militis veteris? 9. Est-ne extraction taraxaci.tor- THIRD DECLENSION. 
67 
pidi jecoris bonum remedium? 10. Si jecur tuum torpebit, nonne 
empiricus morbum malariam appellabit? 11. Nonne malariam 
appellabit fere omnis morbi causam ? De malaria insanus est. 
CHAPTER XVI. 
68. THIRD DECLENSION—CONTINUED. 
69. Mixed Stems.—Usually classed as stems in I. Nouns in s 
and x generally preceded by a consonant: 
Urbs, F, Nox, F., Lis, F., 
city, night, strife. 
Singular. 
Terminations. 
N. V., urbs, nox, lis. s 
G., urbis, noctis, litis. is 
D., urbi, nocti, liti. i 
Ac., urbem, noctem, litem. em 
Ab., urbe, nocte, lite. e (i) 
N. Y., urbes, noctes, lites. es 
G. urbium, noctmm, litium. ium 
D. urbiftus, noctiims, litibus. ibus 
Ac. urbes, noctes, lites. es 
Ab. urbibus, nocti bus, lit ibus. ibus 
Plural. 
Felix, happy; prudens, sagacious. 
70. ADJECTIVES. 
Singular. 
M. and F. Neut. 
N. Y. felix, felix, prudens, prudens, 
G. felicis, felicis, prudentis, prudentis, 
D. felici, felici, prudenti, prudenti, 
Ac felicem, felix, prudentem, prudens, 
Ab. felici, e. felici, e. prudenti, e. prudenti, e. 68 
THIRD DECLENSION. 
Plural. 
N. V. felices, felicia, prudentes, prudentia, 
G. felicium, felicium, prudentium, prudentium, 
D. felicibus, felicibus, prudentibus, prudentibus, 
Ac. felices, fences, prudentes, prudentia, 
Ab. felicibus. felicibus. prudentibus. prudentibus. 
71. PARTICIPLE. 
Amans, loving. 
M. and F. Neut. M. and F. Neut. 
N. Y. amans, amans, amantes, amant ia, 
G. am antes, amantrs, amant ium, amant ium, 
D. amantl, am anti, amantidus, amantiftas, 
Ac. amantem, amans, amantes, amantia, 
Ab. amante, I. amante, t. amantifras. amantrius. 
Singular. 
Plural. 
72. Rules of Gender: 
(1) Nouns ending in o, or, os, er, es (gen. idis, itis) are mascu- 
line. 
(2) Nouns ending in as, es not increasing in the genitive, is, x 
and s following a consonant, are feminine. 
(3) Nouns ending in a, e, i, y, c, I, n, t, ar, ur and us are neuter. 
The exceptions to these rules the student should learn as he ad- 
vances. 
73. Decline together, nox atra, dark night; vitis tenax, clinging 
vine; medicus prudens, sagacious physician. 
74. 
Vocabulary. 19. 
Bulbus, -i, M bulb. 
Bulliens, -entis (adj.) ...... boiling. 
Dyspepsia, -se, f dyspepsia, indigestion. 
Creber, crebra, crebrum frequent. 
Expecto (1), -avi, -atum expect, wait for. 
Forsan (adv.) perhaps. 
Fastidiosus, -a, -um dainty, fastidious. 
Hibtris, -e cheerful, jovial, merry. 
Inquit said he, says he (used in quotations). 
Lupuliuum, -i, N lupulin (a resinous powder in bops). THIRD DECLENSION. 
69 
Mane (indcl.), n morning. 
Maxime (adv.) greatly, in the highest degree. 
Omnino (ad.) entirely, altogether, (with a neg.) at all. 
Nonnunquam (adv.) sometimes. 
Mutatio, -onis, f change. 
Prudens, -entis (adj.) sagacious, prudent, knowing. 
Prohibeo (2), -ui, -itum hinder. 
Sedeo (2), sedi, sessum (intr.) . . sit. 
Submoveo (2), m5vi, motum (tr.) . remove, drive away. 
Sic (adv.) so, thus. 
Tot (adj., indcl.) so many. 
Exercise. 42. 
1. Medicus prudens in officina sedebat. 2. Amicus dyspepticus, 
tristis vir, intrabat. 3. Quomodo vales bodie, mi amice vetus, in- 
quit hilaris medicus. 4. Non valeo omnino ; misera est valetudo 
mea; dyspepsia stomachum semper mordet; quid dyspepsiam meara 
sanabit? 5. Multa dyspep'sise remedia sunt; nulla autem semper 
sanabunt. Dyspepsia tua forsan insanabalis est. 6. Sic expecta- 
bam,—mors mox aderit; nunc despero ! 7. iEquum animum babe, 
mi amice ; salutare prsescriptum dabo. 8. “ R 1—carbonis pulveris 
medium cochleare mane et nocte post cibum.” 9. Si simplex prav 
scriptum dyspepsiam non levabit, aliud tenta. 10. Centum prae- 
scripta pro dyspepsia jam tentavi, et non adjuvant. 11. “I$4—bis- 
muthi subnitratis unciam unam, pepsini pulveris grana decern, 
olei menthse piperita guttas viginti, sacchari uncias duas : Misce 
et in vitro conserva : Dosis, cochleare parvum post cibum.” 12. 
Gratiam habeo, mi amice vetus, non autem dyspepsiam adjuvabit, 
nunquam amicum infelicem iterum videbis :—vale. 13. Dyspep- 
ticus fere omnia remedia tentat. 14. Hodie extracta fluida buchu,2 
lupulini, calumbse, gentiana, quassia, lappa, geranii, chimaphila, 
uva ursi, et alia extracta potat plenis poculis. 13. Cras pilulas 
aloes, aloes et ferri, aloes et myrrha, ferri iodidi, galbani, rhei, et 
ceteras devorabit. 14. Medicamenta dyspepticos raro adjuvant; 
semper autem dyspeptici adjuvant medicamentarios. 
1 Abbreviation for “ recipe,” 11 take.” 2 Buchu is indecl.; it here stands for the genitive. 70 
THIRD DECLENSION. 
1. The dyspeptic is nearly always gloomy. 2. He ought to 
have a cheerful physician. 3. A sagacious physician will advise 
gentle exercise in the open air. 4. Do you expect me (me) to be 
without medicine? 5. Gentle exercise will sometimes cure even 
a dyspeptic. 6. I tried light exercise yesterday; but it did not 
cure me. 7. You have tried drugs, too; but drugs did not cure 
you. 8. You have tried extracts of gentian, dandelion, capsicum, 
rumex, lappa, quassia, and tinctures of hops, quinine, cinchona, 
physostigma, ginger and the whole army of pills. 9. Did any or 
all remove the pain? 10. Why not now try a simple remedy,— 
exercise in the pure air? 11. Frequent change of remedies hin- 
ders healing. 12. The dry colchicum bulbs were steeped in boil- 
ing water. 18. A few cups of wine will be mingled with the 
extract. 14. Medicated wines are pleasing to a patient. 
15. Alcohol, beer and sharp wine had ruined the old soldier’s 
stomach. 
Exercise. 43. 
Questions to he Answered in Latin. 
1. Quid aqua bulliente maceras? 2. Maceras-ne colchici 
radicem ? 3. Quis dyspepsiam malam habet? 4. Cur sapiens 
medicus remedium salutare non adhibet? 5. Est-ne dyspepsia in- 
sanabilis morbus ? 6. Quot genera medicamentorum tentavit dys- 
pepticus? 7. Nbn-ne tot remedia stomachum delebunt? 8. Quo- 
raodo vales hodie, mi amice? 9. Cur de valetudine rogas? Es-ne 
medicus ? 
Antea, adv before. 
Anisum, -i, N., anise. 
Bene, adv well. 
Ceterus, -a, -uni, adj ihe other, the rest (usually in the plural). 
Calendula, -ae, F wild marigold. 
Cubeba, -ae, F cubeb. 
Copia, -se, F supply, abundance. 
Chiragra, -se, F gout in the hand. 
Chiorum, -i, N chlorine. 
Vocabulary. 20. THIRD DECLENSION. 
71 
Elaterium, -i, N elalerium. 
E, ex, prep., w. abi out of, from. 
Emptor, -is, m buyer, purchaser. 
En, interj lo! see! look there! 
Gelsemium, n yellow jessamine. 
Inspecto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr.. . inspect, gaze at. 
Iodum, i, n iodine. 
Lingua, -se, F •. tongue. 
Limon, -onis, F lemon. 
Lactophosphas, -atis, M. . . . lactophosphate. 
Lactuca, -ae, f. lettuce. 
Lactucarium, -i, N lettuce opium. 
Ordino, 1, -avi, -atum, tr. . . arrange. 
Lsetus, -a, -um, adj glad. 
Mundus, -a, -um, adj neat, clean. 
Nodosus, -a, -um, adj knotty, full of knots. 
Pix, picis, F pitch. 
Podagra, -se, F. gout in the foot. 
Quoque, adv also, too (after the word it emphasizes). 
Recens, -entis, adj fresh, recent. 
Repleo, 2, -evi, -etum, tr. . . replenish, fill again. 
Sto, 1, steti, statum, intr., . . stand. 
Varietas, -atis, F variety. 
Talis, -e, adj ........ such. 
Unquam, adv ever. 
Zingiber, is ginger. 
Exercise. 44. 
1. Juvenis medicamentarius novam officinam recentibus medi- 
camentis replevit. 2. Ordines longi ampullarum vitrearum in 
abacis stant. 3. Dominus medicamenta inspectans et ordinans est 
superbus et beatus vir. 4. Adornavit officinam, et nunc multos 
emptores expectat. 5. Emptor intrat, et syrupos rogat. 6. Rog- 
abas-ne syrupos? Yide, inspecta, gusta, si placet. 7. En aurantii 
florum syrupus, calcis lactophosphatis syrupus, ferri, quinimc et 
strychninse phospbatum syrupus, lactucarii syrupus, limonis syr- 
upus, picis liquidae syrupus, ros® syrupus, rbei aromaticus syrupus, 
et alii syrupi in longo ordine! Non-ne *unt pulchri? 8. Tinc- 
turas quoque inspecta. Omnis tinctura est recens, atque optim® 
not®. 9. Tincturas arnic® florum, benzoini, calendul®, cubebse, 72 
THIRD DECLENSION. 
digitalis, gelsemii, iodi; oranes tincturas officinales liabeo. Quara 
pulchrae sunt! 10. Trocliiscos meos quoque gusta, et da puero. 
Non-ne boni sunt? 11. Omnia genera trochiscorum officinaliura 
in ampullis vitreis sunt. 12. Non-ne men Line piperitse et zingiberis 
trocbisci lingnam mordent, mi puer parve? Recentes et acres sunt, 
13. Medicatas aquas quoque gusta. Ex ampulla pota. Unquam-ne 
tales aquas antea gustavisti ? 14. Aquas cinnamomi, amygdalae, 
anisi, aurantii florum, camphorae, menthae piperitae, menthae viridis, 
rosae,—omne genus medicatarum aquarura praebebo. 15. Satis 
hodie, mi amice. Officina tua perpulchra est. Alio tempore cet- 
era medicamenta inspectabo. Vale. 
Exercise. 45. 
1. You have a very pretty drug-store, my friend. 2. It is not 
large, but neat and well-arranged. 3. You have also a large 
variety of fresh drugs. 4. I like to see (video libenter) a well- 
arranged drug-store. 5, What have you in the glass bottles on 
the high shelf? 6. Four bottles hold tinctures of arnica, cubebs, 
lemon and iodine; three contain fluid extracts of dandelion, stil- 
lingia and veratrum. 7. The rest of my fluid extracts are on the 
second shelf. 8. I have on my shelves all the officinal prepara- 
tions of the “ American Pharmacopoeia.” 9. Many preparations 
are not often asked for; but a good store ought to have (them) 
all. 10. There are two official oleates,—the oleate of mercury 
and the oleate of veratrine. 11. Neither has been asked for in 
my store within two years. 12. We have also three kinds of 
official medicated papers; but we seldom furnish one to a cus- 
tomer. 13. The Pharmacopoeia contains only one trituration,— 
elaterlni triturdtio. 14. No one seems to want so powerful a pur- 
gative. 
Questions to he Answered in Latin. 
1. Est-ne medicamentario copia medicarnentorn in ? 2. TTabet-ne 
cubebae et calendulae extracta fluida? 3. Quis chiragram nodosam 
iiabet? 4. Non-ne est chiragra morbus dolorosus? 5. Ubi sedes THIRD CONJUGATION. 
73 
morbi est? Xon-ne est in digitis? 6. Num podagram quoque 
miles vetus habet ? 7. Quod remedium chiragram et podagram 
sanabit? 8. Xon-ne salicylicum acidum podagrae novum et bonum 
remedium est ? 9. Est-ne dosis magna ? Decern grana dosis est. 
75. Suggestive Derivations. 
1. Anthemis, from the Greek antheo, to flower. 
2. Lactophosphas, from lac, milk, and p hasp has, phosphate. 
3. Lactuca, from lac, milk, so called from its milky juice. 
4. Hedeoma, from the Greek hedys, agreeable, pleasant, and 
osme, odor,—pennyroyal. 
5. Morphlna, from Morpheus, the god of sleep. 
6. Tonicum, from tonus, tone, vigor. 
7. Trochiscus, from the Greek trochos, a wheel, so called from 
the shape. 
CHAPTER XVII. 
76. ‘THIRD CONJUGATION. 
Rego, I rule.—Stem, reg. 
ACTIVE VOICE, 
Principal Parts. 
Pres. Ind. Pres. Inf. Pcrf. Ind. Supine, 
rSgo, r&gZrS, rexi, rectum. 
Indicative Mood. 
PRESENT TENSE. 
I rule. 
r6go, 
r6g?s, 
r6 git. 
SINGULAR. 
r6gImus, 
r&gltis, 
r&gunt. 
PLURAL. 74 
THIRD CONJUGATION. 
IMPERFECT. 
I was ruling. 
r&gebam, 
r&gebas, 
r&gebat. 
r&gebdmus, 
i&gebdtis, 
T&gebant. 
I shall or will rule. 
FUTURE. 
T&gcun, 
reges, 
reget. 
TQgemus, 
r&getis, 
r&gent. 
PERFECT. 
I ruled or have ruled. 
re xi, 
r existi, 
rexit. 
rexhnus, 
r existis, 
rexerunt or ere. 
PLUPERFECT. 
I had ruled. 
r exSram, 
r exSras, 
rexSrat. 
rexSrdmvs, 
r exerdtis, 
r exSrant. 
I shall or will have ruled. 
FUTURE PERFECT. 
rexero, 
rexSns, 
r exgrit. 
rexSnmns, 
rexgrttis, 
r exSrint. 
Subjunctive. 
SINGULAR. 
PRESENT. 
PLURAL. 
regain, 
r6g as, 
r&gat. 
r&gdmus, 
r&gdtis, 
r6g ant. 
r&gSrcm, 
r&gSres, 
T&gSrel. 
IMPERFECT, 
regSrermis, 
r6g&relis, 
r&gSrent. THIRD CONJUGATION. 
75 
PERFECT. 
rexSrim, 
r exSris, 
r exZrit. 
rexSrtmus, 
rexSritis, 
rexSrint. 
PLUPERFECT. 
r exissem, 
i exisses, 
r exisset. 
rexissemus, 
r exissetis, 
rexissent. 
Pres, rege, rule thou; 
Fut. rSgtto, thou shalt rule, 
r6gUo he shall rule. 
Imperative. 
r&gtte, rule ye. 
rSgitote, ye shall rule, 
r&gunto, they shall rule. 
Pres, rSgSre to rule. 
Perf. rexisse to have ruled. 
Fut. recturus esse, to be about to rule. 
Infinitive. 
Participle. 
Pres. r6gens ruling. 
Fur. recturus about to rule. 
Gen. rSgendl of ruling. 
Dat. r&gendo for ruling, 
Acc. r&gendum ruling. 
Abl r&gendo by ruling. 
Gerund. 
Supine. 
Acc. rectum to rule. 
Abl. rectit to rule, be ruled, 
PASSIVE VOICE.—REGOR, I AM RULED. 
Verb Stem, reg; Present Stem, rege. 
Principal Parts 
Pres. Ind. 
reg or, 
Pres. Inf. 
regi, 
Perf. Ind. 
rectus sum. 76 
THIRD CONJUGATION. 
Indicative Mood. 
PRESENT TENSE. 
I am ruled. 
SINGULAR, 
PLURAL. 
reg or, 
regeris, or regSre, 
regitur. 
regimur, 
r egimini, 
reguntur. 
IMPERFECT. 
I was ruled. 
regebar, 
regebaris, or regebdre, 
regebatur. 
regebdmur, 
regebdmini, 
regebantur. 
I shall or will be ruled. 
FUTURE. 
regar, 
regeris, or regere, 
regetur. 
vegemur, 
reg emini, 
reg entur. 
PERFECT. 
I have been ruled, or I was ruled. 
rectus sum, 
rectos es, 
rectws est. 
recti sumus, 
recti estis, 
recti sunt. 
PLUPERFECT. 
I had been ruled. 
rectus cram, 
rectus eras, 
rectus erat. 
recti erdmus, 
recti erdtis, 
recti erant. 
FUTURE PERFECT. 
I shall or will have been ruled. 
rectus ero, 
rectus eris, 
rectos erit. 
recti erimus, 
recti eritis, 
recti erunt 
Subjunctive. 
PRESENT. 
regar, 
regaris, or regdre, 
regatur. 
SINGULAR. 
regamur, 
regamini, 
Tegantur. 
PLURA!*. THIRD CONJUGATION, 
77 
reg erer, 
regereris, or regerere, 
reg eretur. 
IMPERFECT. 
reg eremur, 
reg eremini, 
regerentur. 
PERFECT. 
rectus sim, 
rectus sis, 
rectus sit. 
recti slmus, 
recti sitis, 
recti sint. 
rectus essem, 
rectus esses, 
reel us esset. 
PLUPERFECT, 
recti essemus, 
recti essetis, 
recti essent. 
IMPERATIVE. 
Pres, regere, be thou ruled, 
Put. regitor, thou shall be ruled, 
regitor, he shall be ruled. 
Tegimini, he ye ruled. 
Infinitive. 
reguntor, they shall be ruled. 
Pres, regi to he ruled. 
Perf. rectos esse to have been ruled. 
Put. rectom In to be about to be ruled. 
Participle. 
Perf. rectos ruled. 
Ger. regendus to be rultd, deserving to he ruled. 
CHAPTER XVIII. 
77. Learn the present, imperfect and future indicative, and 
present imperative and infinitive, active and passive of rejjo. 
THE THIRD CONJUGATION. 
Vocabulary. 21. 
Achillea, -ae, r * . . . . yarrow. 
Absinthium, -i, n •wormwood. 
Actaea, -ae, f actaea, cohosh. 78 
THIRD CONJUGATION. 
Adiantum, i, sweet fem. 
Alnus, -i, f alder. 
Aletris, -idis, F star-grass. 
Butyrum, -i butter. 
CafFea, -te, f coffee. 
Cocaina, -£e, F cocaine. 
Cresco, 3, crevi, cretum, intr grow. 
Dico, 3, dixi, dictum, tr say. 
Duco, 3, duxi, ductum, tr lead. 
Emo, 3, emi, emptura, tr buy. 
Pono, 3, posui, positum, tr. ....... . place, put. 
Psora, se, F itch. 
Rego, 3, rexi, rectum, tr rule. 
Reddo, 3, reddidi, redditum, tr give back, return, yield. 
Sumo, 3, sumpsi, sumptum, tr take, take up. 
Senex, senis, M old man. 
Thea, -se, f tea. 
Vendo, 3, vendidi, venditum sell. 
Vinco, 3, vici, victum conquer. 
Exercise. 46. 
1. Regis, regebas, reges. 2. Regor, regebar, regar. 3. Regitis, 
regebatis, regetis. 4. Regimur, regimini, regemur, regebamini. 
5. Emo, emitis, emunt. 6. Sumit, sumitur, sumebat, sumebatur, 
sument, sumentur. 7. Vincitur, vinces, vincebas, vincuntur, vin- 
cebantur, vincentur. 8. Ducam, ducebas, ducis, ducor, dqceris, 
ducuntur. 9. Rege, regere, regite, regimini. 10. Regere, regi. 
1. We rule, we were ruling, we shall rule. 2. You are ruled, 
you were ruled, you will be ruled. 3. I am ruling, thou wert 
ruled, be shall be ruled. 4. They rule, they are ruled, they were 
ruling, they will rule. 5. Rule thou, be thou ruled, rule ye, be 
ye ruled. 6. I buy, he will take, they were conquered, they will 
buy, they were taking. 7. Buy, take, lead, conquer. 8. To take, 
to lead, to be taken, to be led. 
1. Amici nostri caffeam, tliearn, saccharum emunt. 2. Caffea 
ab amicis emetur. 3. Bromidum et boras a medicis emebantur. 
4. Quin in a et cincbbnidina ab segroto ementur. 5. Agricola castorei 
grana decem sumet. 6. A paupere milite panis et butyrum eme- THIRD CONJUGATION. 
79 
bantur, 7. Quis cocainara sumit? 8, Cur medicus arsenicum, 
atropinam, aconitinam, digitalem, et alia venena acria emit? 9. 
Medicamentarii filius nuper absinthii oleum et achillese extracturn 
vendebat. 10. Duo genera actaeie in officlna habet,—actseam 
racemosam et actoeam spicatam. 11. Radix actaeae appellata est 
cimicifuga. 12. Cimicifugae decoctio psoram sanabit. 13. lufusio 
adianti tussim molestam ssepe solvet. 14. Aletridis decoctio valde 
amarum tonicum est. 
Exercise. 47. 
1, The old farmer is buying the oil of wormwood and the extract 
of yarrow. 2, He asked for a small bottle of the decoction of 
cimicifuga. 3. The extract of aletris is very bitter. 4. He will 
buy the extract of aletris as a tonic for his sick son. 5. He will 
also buy tea and sugar and coffee. 6. Cocaine is prepared from 
coca. 7. The intermittent fever is sometimes cured with the fluid 
extract of alder. 8. White cohosh grows in the woods. 9. The 
ointment of chrysarohin is said to cure the psora. 10. Datura 
stramonium is a common herb, growing in many parts of our 
country. 11, It yields four officinal preparations,—the extract of 
stramonium, the fluid extract of stramonium, tincture of stramo- 
nium and ointment of stramonium. 
Questions to he Answered in Latin. 
1. Emebas-ne theam et caffeam, Joanne? 2. Ubi saccharum 
ponebas ? 3. Quid in ampullis yitreis habes ? 4. Ubi cicuta, acre 
venenum, crescit ? 5. Quid febris interrnittentis bonum reraedium 
est? 6. Nonne nonnunquam sanatur alni fluido extracto? 7. 
Quis letifera venena tractat? 8. Quod genus preparationum med- 
icinalium absinthium prsebet ? 9. Aletridisne extracturn febri utile 
est? 10. Nonne actsea nigra in silvis crescit? 80 
THIRD CONJUGATION. 
CHAPTER XIX. 
THIRD CONJUGATION—CONTINUED. 
78. Learn the perfect, pluperfect and future perfect indicative 
and perfect infinitive, active and passive of rego. 
1. Rexit, rexerat, rexerit. 2. Rexerunt, rexerant, rexerint. 3. 
Rexisse, rectum esse. 4. Rectum est, rectura erat, rectum erit. 5. 
Rexisti, rexeras, rexeris. 6, Rexistis, rexeratis, rexeritis. 7. Rexi- 
mus, recti sumus, 8. Rexi, rexeram, rexero. 9. Rexerant, recti 
erant. 10. Recta est, rectus erat, recta^f’it. 
1. I I had ruled, I shall have ruled, 2, I have 
ruled, I have been ruled. 3. I had ruled, I had been ruled. 4. 
You will have ruled, you will have been ruled. 5. To have ruled, 
to have been ruled. 6. They had ruled, they had been ruled. 7. 
She has been ruled, she had been ruled. 8. Who has ruled ? who 
will have been ruled ? 9. It was ruled, it had been ruled, it will 
have been ruled, 10. You had been ruled, you had ruled. 
1. Quis sumpsit? sumtum-ne erat? quid sumptum erit? 2. 
Duxit, duxisti, duxerat, duxeris. Emptum est, emit, emerat, 
emptum erit. 4. Vendidisti, venditum est, vendiderant, venditi 
erint. 5. Posuerunt, posuerant, posuerint. 6. Quis dixit? est-ne 
dictum ? erit-ne dictum ? 7. Dixisse, dictum esse. 8. Ubi posuerat ? 
positum est in abaco. 9. Quis poculum in abaco posuit ? 10. 
Quis conii extractum sumpsit ? 
Exercise. 48. 
Vocabulary. 22. 
Acutus, -a. -um, aclj acute, sharp. 
Ago, 3, egl, actum, tr lead, drive, do. 
Compdno, 3, composui, compositum, tr. compound, make up. 
Convalesco, 3, convalui, intr. .... recover, gain strength. 
Divido, 3, divisi, divisum divide. 
Eupatorium, -i, N thoroughuort. 
Fasciculus, -i, M small bundle, package. 
Hedeoma, -oe, f pennyroyal. THIRD CONJUGATION. 
81 
Mulier, muligris, F woman. 
Neque, nec nor. 
Occupo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr occupy, pass., be busy. 
Os, oris, N mouth. 
Paulum, a little. 
Prescribe, 3, prescripsi, praescriptum, tr.. . prescribe. 
Puto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr think, suppose. 
Rheumatismus, -i, M rheumatism. 
Plerumque, adv usually. 
Ulcerosus,-a,-um sore. 
Yetulus, -a, -um old, oldish, rather old. 
Exercise. 49. 
1. Quomodo vales hodie, amice care? 2. Quod genus praepar- 
ationum nunc componis? 3. Multa genera remediorum compono 
et in officina vendo. 4. Nunc pilulas ferri iodidi compono. 
5. Ferri redacti sexaginta grana, iodi octoginta grana, glycyr- 
rhizae pulveris quinquaginta grana, acaciae pulveris duodecim 
grana, aquae unciam compono et bene misceo. 6. Misturam in 
pilulas centum dividam et balsamo tolutano obtegam. 7. H6ri 
quiuinae sulphatis grana viginti, acidi citrici paulum, ferri et 
ammonii citratis drachmam unam, sacchari syrupi unciam 
fluidam unam, aquae purae uncias fluidas quinque aegro amico 
praescripsi. 8. Praescriptum est quininae et ferri tonicum. 9. 
Si aeger tonicum potabit mane et nocte, mox valebit. 10. Primo 
vere amicus noster, nauta claudus, acuto rheumatismo tentatus est. 
11. Juvenis medicus multa aeger autem non con- 
valuit. 12. Quid tu (you) praescripsisti ? 13. Opii doses paucas, 
et quininae sulphatis, et sulphuricum acidum dilutum praescripsi, 
et paucis hdris convalescebat. 14. Est-ne juvenis medicus empir- 
icus ? 15. Sic non dico, mi amice, nec puto. Est bonus vir, et 
peritus erit. 16. Sic spero. 
1. Had the druggist made up the prescription of quinine and 
iron? 2. No; he had been occupied with other prescriptions. 
Exercise. 50. 
1 Neuter plural,—many things, many remedies. 82 
THIRD CONJUGATION. 
3. He had made up four preparations of morphia,—acetate of 
morphia, sulphate of morphia, citrate of morphia and muriate of 
morphia. 4. An old lady had bought a few small packages of 
sage, thoroughwort, wormwood and pennyroyal. 5. A decoction 
of sage is supposed to cure a sore mouth. 6. It is also thought by 
old women to be a good emmenagogue. 7. The officinal prepara- 
tion of thoroughwort is called the fluid extract of eupatorium. 
8. It is also known by the common name of honeset. 9. A vola- 
tile, pungent oil is distilled from pennyroyal. 10. The physician 
had prescribed for the patient fifteen grains of xanthoxylum. 11. 
The common name of xanthoxylum is prickly ash. 12. The blue 
mass1 had been divided by the druggist into a hundred pills. 
13. The skillful physician cured the old soldier’s rheumatism with 
a few doses of salicylic acid. 
Questions to be Answered in Latin. 
1. Habet-ne miles vetus acutum rheumatismum ? 2. Tentavit-ne 
multa remedia? 3. Quid peritus medicus segro prsescripsit? 4. 
Non-ne acidum salicylicum doldrem levabit? 5. Est-ne hedeomse 
oleum volatile? 6. Quomodo reddis mistletoe Latine? 7. Est-ne 
viscum Latinum nomen? 8. Quo nomine fennel appellas Latine? 
9. Non-ne est planta anthemis? 10. Cur sic appellatur? 11. Non-ne 
quod abundantiam florum habet ? 
Vocabulary. 23. 
Apricus, -a, -uni, adj sunny. 
Communis, -e, adj common. 
Cohors, -tis, F cohort. 
Diu, adv a long time, a long while. 
Frustra, adv in vain. 
Interim, adv meanwhile. 
Ingravesco, 3, intr., grow heavy, become worse. 
Iratus, -a, -urn, adj angry. 
Locus, -i, m place. 
Marrubium, -!, N horehound. 
Nimis, adv. too much, too. 
1 Massa hvdrargyri. THIRD CONJUGATION. 
83 
Potius, adv., compr. deg. of potis, .... rather. 
Sententia, -se, F sentiment, thought, opinion. 
Traho, 3, traxi, tractum, tr drag, draw. 
Usurpo, lj -avi, -atum, tr use, usurp. 
Valetudinarius, -a, -um sickly, infirm. 
1. Joannes, agricolse films, valetudinarius fuerat. 2. Non per- 
seger1 erat, et tamen non valebat. 3. Lente in horto et locis apri- 
cis segrotum corpus trahebat. 4. Pater araans filio pilulas quininse, 
cinchonime, hydrargyri emerat. 5. Multa decocta rumicis, lappse, 
eupatorii, xanthoxyli etiam paraverat. 6. Medicus quoque tinc- 
turas calumbte, corni, chiratse, pruni, et alia tonica frustra prsescrip- 
serat. 7. Nihil pueri morbum submoverat. 8. Interim Joannes, non 
convalescebat,morbusauteraingravescebat? 9. Magnum inter med- 
icos erat certamen de genere morbi. 10. Vetus medicus more suo 
morbum malariam appellabat. 11. “ Certe,” respondet juvenis 
medicus, “ sic semper dicis ; omnem morbum appellas malariam. 
12. Si puer parvus ventris dolorem, si puella capitis dolorem, si 
vetula anus dolorem in membris habet, malaria est causa. 13. 
Diagnosis tua malariam semper indicat. 14. Explica malariam, 
si placet.” 16. Turn vetus medicus, valde iratus, sic respondit. 
17. “Caput tuura nimis magnum est; omnia continet. 18. Si 
nomen morbi est longum et difficile semper usurpas. 19. Si puer 
psoram communem habet, appellas morbum autalgiam prurigind- 
sam. 20. Si habet ventris dolorem, sapienter appellas hypogas- 
tril algiam.” 21. Sic medici jurgabant:—Joannes interim medi- 
camenta foras jactaverat, et mox convalescebat. 
Exercise. 51. 
Exercise. 52. 
1. The young physician loves to use very long and difficult 
words. 2. The volatile oils of lemon, bergamot, spearmint, rose- 
mary, horehound, coriander and cloves are always called by their 
Latin names. 3. He never calls for oil of bay, wintergreen oil, 
the oil of allspice, etc.; but oleum myrcise, oleumgaultherise, oleum 
i ii per » prefixed to an adjective has the intensive force of “ very.” 84 
THIRD CONJUGATION. 
pimentae, et cetera. 4. He seems to cure a difficult disease if it 
lias a long, Latin name. 5. To cure the ague with a common 
remedy is easy enough. 6. But to cure febrim quotidianam sul- 
phate quinime seems difficult. 7. In the opinion of the old phy- 
sician, the cause of nearly every disease is malaria. 8. If you are 
attacked by any sort of fever, by rheumatism or gout; 9. If you 
have a pain in the head, stomach, limbs, or in any part of the 
body, malaria is the cause. 10. Is the boy sickly, and does he 
drag around a feeble body ? 11. Give the little boy sulphate of 
quinine, and drive out the malaria. 12. Our friend has been at- 
tacked by malaria, and is growing worse daily (in diem). 13. 
The physician will prescribe extracts of aletris, taraxacum, gentian 
and other strong tonics. 14. The old doctor is the bitter foe of 
malaria. 
Questions to he Answered in Latin. 
1. Nonne omnem morbum malariam putat ? 2. Nonne aeger 
convalescit? 3. Num febris intermittens ingravescit ? 4. Nonne 
amicus valebit? 5. Nonne juvenis medicus longa nomina mor- 
borum usurpat ? 6. Ubi est valetudinarius amicus ? 7. Nonne 
extracta fluida eupatorii et alni adjuvabunt? 8. Sumpsit-ne qui- 
ninse sulphatem? 9. Habet-ne febrim quotidianam? 10. Quid 
febrim intermittentem sanabit ? 
79. 
For Translation. 53. 
Bubus1 medicamentum. Prsescriptura Catonis censoris Romani. 
Si morbum bovum raetues, sanis dato 2 salis micas tres, folia 
laurea tria, porri libras tres, ulpici spicas tres, alii spicas tres, turis 
graua tria, herbse sabime plantas tres, rutse folia tria, vitis albte 
caules tres, fabulos albos tres, carbones vivos tres, vini sextarios 
tres. Misceto bene. Is3 jejunus fiet4qui5 dabit. Potionem in 
partes tres dividito,6 et imam partem quotidie dato. 
1 Dative. 2 Imper. sec. per. sing.,—thou shalt give, or give. 
* Is, pronoun—he. 4 Shall be. 5 Qui, relative pronoun—who. 
6 In the imper.—divide. THIRD CONJUGATION. 
85 
80. 
Praescriptum Catonis ad panem faciendum} 
Panem depsticium2 sic facito.3 Manus (hands) mortariumque4 
bene lavato. Farinam in mortarium indito, aquam paulatim ad- 
dito, subigitoque pulchre. Ubi bene subegeris, defingito, coqui- 
toque sub testu,5 
1. Diagnosis, from the Greek dia, through, and gnosis, knowledge, 
—a through knowledge or distinction. 
2. Eupatorium, called after Mithridates Eupator, who is sup- 
posed to have used it as a medicine,—boneset. 
3. Hypogastralgia, from the Greek hypo, under, gaster, stomach, 
and algos, pain—under-the-stomach-pain ; belly-ache. 
4. Luxum, from luxdre, to put out of place—a dislocation. 
5. Malaria, ultimately from malus, bad, and aer, air,—bad air. 
6. Psora, from Greek psoo, I rub. 
7. Pruriginosus, from prurire, to itch. 
8. Salvia, from salvere, to be sound ; so called from its reputed 
healing qualities. 
81. 
Suggestive Derivations. 
Vocabulary. 24. 
Absum, -esse, -fui be away, absent. 
Adjutor, -is, M assistant. 
Anglice, adv in English. 
Brassica, -se, F cabbage. 
Contundo, 3, -udi -usum, tr bruise. 
Contusus, -a, -urn, per. part bruised. 
Dives, -itis, adj rich. 
Exigo, 3, exegi, exactum, tr exact, demand. 
Fractura, -se, f fracture. 
Fasciculus, -i, M bundle, package. 
Fceniculum, -i, N fennel. 
Horribilis, -e, adj. horrible, dreadful. 
Lego, 3, legi, lectum, tr read. 
Luxum, -i, N dislocation. 
Latine, adv in Latin. 
1 Ad panem faciendum—for making bread. 2 Kneaded. 3 Make. 
4 Que, conj., connecting manus and mortarium—and. 5 Under an earthen vessel. 86 
THIRD CONJUGATION. 
Nummus, -i, M money, coin. 
Nonnunquam, adv sometimes. 
Opus, -eris, N work. 
Praeparatio, -onis, F a preparing, preparation. 
Pavito, 1, -avi, -atum, intr tremble for fear, fear greatly, 
Postea, adv hereafter. 
Purgo, 1, avi, atum, tr cleanse, purge. 
Proprius, -a, -um, adj peculiar, special. 
Serpentaria, -ae, f serpentaria, snake-root. 
Similiter, adv similarly, in like manner. 
Ulcus, -eris, n sore, ulcer. 
Exercise. 54. 
1. Quot praescripta vendidisti dum aberam, mi puer? 2. Medicus 
vetus duo praescripta misit, et juvenis medicus, tria. 3. Anus vet- 
ula fasciculos paucos salviae, serpentariae, menthae piperitae, calami, 
foeniculi emit. 4. Ferri quoque praeparationes paucas vendidi. 
5. Bene est, mi puer; nummos-ne autem numerabant? 6. Certe; 
nummos ab emptoribus semper exigo. 7. Bene est iterum; bonus 
adjutor es, et aliquando eris dives. 8. Ubi autem quinque praes- 
cripta sunt? 9. Unum praeparavi. Formula est: 
R.—Syr. Papav. alb 5 ii. 
Aquae fontis •*.... vi. 
Ft. mistura. 
10. “Opus tuum inspectabo,” (legens) “Recipesyrupipapaveris 
albi drachmas duas; aquae fontis uncias sex. Fiat mistura.” 
11. O puer, horribilis est error tuus! Aquam fortem in phialam 
indidisti, non aquam fontis. 12. Erravisti-ne similiter in aliis 
praescriptis? 13. “Non puto, vide autem,” respondit puer pavitans. 
14. Recipe balsami copaibae drachmas tres, misturae acaciae drachmas 
sex, liqudris potassae drachmam unam, syrupi aurantii unciam 
dimidiam, aquae destillatae uncias quatuor. Misce. 15. Bene prae- 
paratum est, inquit dominus, cum magna cura inspectans. 16. 
Aliud inspectabo: 
B.—Liquoris ammonii acetatis, unciam. 
Aquae antimonialis, guttas quindecim. 
Syrupi papaveris albi, drachmam. 
Misce. COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES. 
87 
16. Cetera prsescripta alio tempore inspectabo. Posthac prae- 
scripta in abacum pone, et me expecta. 
1. Cato, the old Roman censor, was a rugged farmer. 2. His 
book on farming (de rebus rusticis) contains many prescriptions 
for diseases. 3. He cured nearly every disease with cabbage. 
4. Bruised cabbage will thoroughly cleanse old 'sores and heal 
wounds immediately. 5. For a fracture or dislocation bind on 
bruised raw cabbage, and soon it will be well (sanum fiet). 6. 
The physician wrote in the prescription aquce fontis; but the care- 
less boy read aquce fortis. 7. He had put a qua fortis in the phial 
for the sick girl. 8. Will you ever make a similar mistake? 
9. I will give a prescription in English, and do you write it in 
Latin. 10. Take a grain of red oxide of mercury, a third part 
of a grain ot opium, a drop of the oil of cloves. 11. Take one 
drachm of dried carbonate of soda, four scruples of hard soap, 
twenty drops of the oil of juniper, and a little (of) ginger syrup. 
Exercise. 55. 
Questions to he Answered in Latin. 
1. Quis fuit Cato? 2. Dedit-ne Cato prsescripta pro morbis? 3. 
Quid fuit proprium remedium morborum? 4. Xon-ne brassicam 
salutarem fere omnigeneri morborum putavit? 5. Quomodo ulcera 
vetera purgabat? 6. Quomodo ulcera sanabat? 7. Xon-ne raedici 
debent Catdnem legere? 8. Non-ne sunt remedia Catonis mira? 
9. Quid de remediis Catdnis putas? 
CHAPTER XX. 
COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES. 
81. Adjectives in Latin, as in English, change their termina- 
tions to express different degrees of quality : altus, altior, altissimus. 
82. They may also be compared, as in English, by means of 88 
COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES. 
adverbs. The adverbs used in Latin are magis, more ; maxime, 
most; magis altus, maxime altus, higher, highest. 
83. Adjectives are regularly compared by adding to the stem of 
the positive the endings : 
COMPARATIVE. 
SUPERLATIVE. 
Mas. Fem. Neut. 
ior. ior. ius. 
Mas. Fem. Neut. 
issimus. issima. issimum, 
A Itus, altior, allisdmus, high, higher, highest; levis, levior, levis- 
simus, light, lighter, lightest. 
84. Adjectives in er have regular comparatives, but add rimus to 
form the superlative: acer, acrior, acerrimus, sharp, sharper, sharp- 
est. Veins has veterrimus. 
85. Six in ills have regular comparatives, but add limus to the 
stem to form the superlative; Facilis, diffidlis, easy, difficult; sirn- 
ilis, dissimilis, like, unlike; gracilis, humilis, slender, low; facilis, -e, 
easy; fadlior, facilius, facillimus, -a, -um. 
86. 
Irregular Comparison. 
bonus, -a, -um, melior, -ius, 
malus, -a, -um, pejor, -pejus, 
magnus, -a, -um, major, -us, 
multus, -a, -um, , plus, 
vetus, vetustior, -ius, 
optimus, -a, -um, good, etc.. 
pessimus, -a, -um, had, etc. 
maximus, -a, -um, great, etc. 
plurimus, -a, -um, much, etc. 
veterrimus, -a, -um, old, etc. 
87. 
Declension of the Comparative. 
SINGULAR. 
PLURAL 
M. and F. 
N. V. altior, 
G. altior/.s, 
D. altion, 
Ac. altiorem, 
Ab. altiore, -i. 
Nevt. 
altius, 
all ions, 
altiori, 
altius, 
altiore, -i. 
M. and F. 
altiores, 
altioram, 
altioriias, 
altiores, 
altionTms. 
Neut. 
altiora, 
altiora w, 
altiori7>MS, 
altiora, 
altioriims. 
Compare and decline in the comparative, dulcis, -e, sweet; 
amarus, -a, -um, bitter; audax, dcis, bold ; piger, pigra, pigrum, 
lazy ; felix, -Icis, lucky ; sapiens, entis, wise. 
88. Rule of Syntax.—The comparative degree is followed by the COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES. 
89 
ablative when quam (than) is omitted ; as, quid est amarius quam 
quinina ? or, quid est amarius quinina ? What is more bitter than 
quinine ? 
Vocabulary. 25. 
Auris, -is, E ear. 
Chronicus, -a, -um chronic. 
Lsedo, 3, ItesT, laesum, tr. . . . hurt, injure. 
Lignum, i, n wood. 
Minimum, -I, N. minim. 
Mitis, -e, adj mild. 
Multo, adv by much, much. 
Praesens, -entis, adj present, active. 
Quam, adv., in compar. ... as, than. 
Quinidina, -ae, r, quinidine. 
Remittens, -entis, adj remittent. 
Repletus, -a, -um, adj.-part. . filled, crowded with (followed bv abl.) 
Solidus, -a, -um, adj solid. 
Valerianas, -atis, M valerianate. 
Vegetabilis, -e, adj vegetable. 
Exercise. 56. 
1. Nova officina tua, medice, multo pulchrior est quam pristina. 
2. Major etiam, et repleta medicamentis est. 3. Nonne est facil- 
ius et jucundius in pulchridre officina laborare ? 4. Videtur fa- 
cilius esse, et plura medicamenta vendo. 5. Numerus emptorum 
in dies (every day) crescit. 6. Vetus medicus multa tonica nunc 
quotidie praescribit,—malaria ingravescit. 7. Hodie extracta 
fluida calumbae, chiratse, eupatorii, gentianae, et quassiae praescrip- 
sit, omnia amara (bitters) simplicia. 8. Calumba est mitissimum 
omnium amarorum simplicium. 9. Quassia est remedium prae- 
stantissimum. 10. Quassia est lignum Picraenae excelsae, arboris 
crescentis in insula Jamaica. 11. Medicamentarius tres praepara- 
tiones quassiae officinales habet, tincturam, extractum, fluidum ex- 
tractum. 12. Dosis est viginti guttae ad drachmam tincturae, 
granum unum ad tria grana extracti, minima quinque ad 
drachmam dimidiam fluidi extracti, 13. Medicus malariam 
quinina, cinchdnina, et aliis potentissimis remediis oppugnat. 90 
COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES. 
Exercise. 57. 
1. There are many vegetable tonics. 2, Quassia is the most 
active of the simple bitters. 3. The officinal preparations of chi- 
rata are the fluid extract and tincture. 4. Solid extracts of chi- 
rata are also prepared. 5. The usual dose is one or two grains, 
but physicians sometimes give much larger doses. 6. Our friend, 
the old doctor, gives the largest doses. 7. He is said to have 
given the tough old sailor thirty grains of quinine in one dose. 
8. Quassia is more bitter than gentian. 9. Quinine and cinchona 
will cure intermittent fever. 10, Which (utra) is the better rem- 
edy? 11. The usual dose of cinchona is much larger than of 
quinine. 12. Has a dose of forty grains of quinine ever been 
given to a patient? 13. Will not so large a dose injure sight and 
hearing1? 14. Prepare three officinal salts of quinine,—the 
sulphate, bisulphate and valerianate. 15. Arsenic is said to be 
the best remedy for chronic malaria. 16. The dose of quinidinae 
sulphas is larger than a dose of quinine. 
1. Quid amarissimum tonicum ? 2. Quid est mitissimum? 3. 
Est-ne praesentius tonicum quam quinina? 4. Est-ne arsenicum 
melius remedium pro malaria eupatorio? 5. Non-ne debet dosis cin- 
chonse major quam quininse esse? 6. Num febris intermittens 
pejor febri remittente est? 7. Quis pejdrem febrim quam magistri 
puer habuit? 8. Quis amico medico pulchriorem officinam habet? 
9. Non-ne nova officiua multo pulchrior vetere est? 
Questions to he Answered in Latin. 
FOR TRANSLATION. 
89. Oleum Cacao, vel Butyrum Cacao. 
Cacao leniter torre, a corticibus libera, contunde, sacco canna- 
bino include, aquae bullientis vapore imprsegna, et ope torcularis, 
cujus2 laminae in aqua fervida calefactae sint,3 exprime. Oleum 
sebaceum, loco calido aut sub aqua fervida liquatum, post refriger- 
ationem a sedimento impure separa. 
1 Eyes and ears, oculos et aures. 
2 Cujus laminae, whose plates. 8 Calefactae sint, have been heated. COMPARISON OF ADVERBS. 
91 
90. Pasta Gummosa. 
Recipe gummi mimosse electi libras duas, sacchari albissimi 
libras duas, et solve in aquae communis libris octo. Cola, et 
liquorem subsidendo1 ac defaecando purifica, et in lebetem cupreum 
purissimum infunde, et leni calore ad mellis spissitudinem evapora, 
spatula lignea continue agitans. Lebete2 ab igne remoto, agita 
sedulo ac celeriter, ut albescat.3 Turn lebetem iterum igni lenis- 
simo admdve, et admisce albumina ovorum recentium cum4 aquae 
florum aurantii unciis duabus in spumam densam redacta5 numero 
quindecim, et agita, donee massae aliquantulum exemptum spatula 
non amplius defluat.6 Tandem effunde in capsulas papyraceas, 
bene obtege, et in loco calido caute exsicca. In taleolas scinde, 
et loco sicco serva. Sit albissima, levis, baud tenax. 
CHAPTER XXI. 
91. Most adverbs are derived from adjectives, and are depend- 
ent upon them for their comparison. The comparative is the 
accusative neuter singular of the adjective, and the superlative 
changes the ending us of the adjective into e: 
COMPARISON OF ADVERBS. 
Altus, altior, altissimus, high, 
Alte, altius, altissime, highly, 
Prudens, prudentior, pmdentissimus, prudent, 
Prudenter, prudentius, prudentissime, prudently. 
92. When the adjective is irregular, the adverb has the same 
irregularity: 
Bonus, melior, optimus, good, 
Bene, ' melius, optime, well, 
Malus, pejor, pessimus, had, 
Male, pejus, pessime, badly. 
1 By settling and straining. 
2 Having removed the kettle from the fire. 
3 That it may grow white. 
4“Curn ” governs the ablative “unciis dua 
bus,” with two ounces. 
6 From “ redigo,” reduced, beaten to. 
* Will not drop off. 92 
COMPARISON OF ADVERBS. 
93. When the adjective is defective, the adverb is generally 
defective: 
deterior, deterrimus, worse, 
deterius, deterrime, worse, 
Novus, novissimus, new, 
Nove, novissime, newly. 
94. A few not derived from adjectives are compared as follows: 
Diu, diutius, diutissime, for a long time, 
Saepe, saepius, saepissime, ofLn, 
Satis, satius, sufficiently, 
Nuper, nuperrime, recently. 
95. Most adverbs not derived from adjectives, as also those from 
adjectives incapable of comparison, are not compared: hie, here ; 
nunc, now ; vulgariter, commonly. 
96. Superlatives in o or um are used in a few adverbs: primo, 
primum, potissimum. 
Abhinc, adv since, ago. 
Adhuc, adv yet, as yet. 
Attendo, 3, -di, -tum, tr stretch, attend, heed. 
Fideliter, adv faithfully. 
Ita, adv - so, thus. 
Igitur, conj therefore, then. 
Mineralis, -e, adj mineral, metallic. 
Nuper, adv recently, lately. 
Olim, adv formerly. 
Pergo, 3, perrexi, perrectum, intr proceed, go. 
Repeto, 3, -ii, -itum , . seek again, repeat. 
Rimosus, -a, -um, adj full of cracks, leaky. 
Saltem, adv at least, at all events. 
Tam, adv so. 
Vocabulary. 26, 
Exercise. 58. 
1. Olim fuit medicus clarissimus. 2. Discipulum in officina 
fideliter docebat. 3. Discipulus autem non amabat diligenter 
studere. 4. Medicus multa ex discipulo de medicamentis ssepe 
quaerebat. 5. Quondam puero pensum dedit de tonicis mineral- COMPARISON OF ADVERBS. 
ibus, et postea sic qmerebat. 6. Quid de prseparationibus ferri 
hodie didicisti, mi puer? 7. Fere omnia didici. 8. Itane? Ltetus 
audio.1 Bonus animus est tuus: Quot solidse ferri prseparationes 
sunt? Responde celeriter. 9. Numerum exactum memoria non 
teneo; nomina autem possum (I can) repetere. 10. Nomina me- 
moria tenes, sed non numerum; mirum est; perge igitur. 11. 
Ferrum reduction, ferri hypophosphis, ferri iodidum saccharatum, 
ferri phosphas, ferri pyrophospbas, ferri sulphas, ferri sul,—sul—. 
12. “Curhseres? Perge.” 13. Cetera nomina nunc memoria non 
teneo. 14. Non-ne tenes memoria ferri sulphatem exsiccatum, et 
ferri sulphatem prsecipitatum, et ferri carbonatem saccharatum? 
15. Non-ne prseparationes ferri nuperrime didicisti? 16. Certe, 
omnes hodie didici, et paucis momentis abhinc repetebam.2 17. 
Nunc memoria teneo cetera: sunt ferri chloridum, ferri okras, 
ferri lactas, ferri oxSlas, ferri valerianas. 
1. How many liquid preparations of iron are there? 2. I 
learned the number yesterday, but do not remember to-day. 3. 
Ah, my boy, your tongue seems much longer than your memory. 
4. Now I remember; there are five,—tincture of chloride of iron, 
tincture of acetate of iron, the syrups of iodide and bromide of 
iron, and wine of the citrate of iron. 5. Have you named (them) 
all? 6. I think so. 7. You think so! But why not study until 
you remember ? 8. I will not have so lazy a boy in my office. 
9. There are nine officinal liquid preparations of iron, and you 
remember only five! 10. Now, diligently attend, and I will name 
the other four. 11. The remaining four are liquors,—liquors ot 
chloride, of nitrate, of tersulphate and subsulphate of iron. 12.. 
Will you remember the names ? 13. Now, my boy, do not put 
my words in leaky ears, or you will never be a good druggist. 
14. A good druggist ought to be quick and attentive, and not 
lazy. 
Exercise. 59. 
1 “ Lsetus audio,’-1 am glad to hear it. 2 “ Paucis—abhinc,” a few moments ago. 94 
FOURTH CONJUGATION. 
CHAPTER XXII. 
97. FOURTH CONJUGATION. 
Audio, I hear.—Stem, audi. 
ACTIVE VOICE. 
Principal, Parts. 
Pres. Ind. 
audio, 
Pres. Inf. 
audiri?, 
Perf. Ind. 
audiei, 
Supine. 
audltum. 
Indicative Mood. 
PRESENT TENSE. 
SINGULAR. 
I hear. 
PLURAL, 
audio, 
audis, 
audit. 
audimus, 
auditis, 
audiunt. 
IMPERFECT. 
I was hearing. 
aud iebam, 
audiebas, 
audiebat. 
audiebpmvs, 
andiebdtis, 
aud iebant. 
I shall or will hear. 
FUTURE. 
audtam, 
audios, 
audiei. 
audiemus, 
audietis 
audient. 
I heard or have heard. 
PERFECT. 
audivi, 
audivisti, 
audivit. 
audivimus, 
audivistis, 
audiverant, or ere. 
PLUPERFECT, 
I had heard. 
audi vSram, 
audivSras, 
audiveroi. 
andivSramus, 
audi\6rdtis, 
audiv^rani. FOURTH CONJUGATION. 
I shall or will have heard. 
FUTURE PERFECT. 
audiv&’o, 
audivms, 
audiv&o'i. 
audlvtnmuSf 
audi\8rint. 
Subjunctive. 
SINGULAR. 
PRESENT. 
PLURAL. 
audiam, 
audios, 
audios 
aud idmus, 
aud idtis, 
audiant. 
IMPERFECT. 
audirm, 
audires, 
audirei. 
and Iremus, 
audlretis, 
audlrent. 
PERFECT. 
audiv Srim. 
audivem, 
audiv£n£. 
audivMwms, 
audlv2n<is, 
audivSnni. 
PLUPERFECT. 
audivtssem, 
audivisses, 
audivisseL 
audivissemus, 
audivisseiis, 
audi vissenL 
Pres audi, hear thou,. 
Fut. audito, thou shalt hear, 
audito, he shall hear. 
Imperative. 
audito, hear ye. 
audi tote, ye shall hear, 
audiunto, they shall hear. 
Infinitive. 
Pres audire to hear. 
Perf. audivisse to have heard. 
Fut. audituras esse to be about to hear. 
Participle. 
Pres, and iens . • • hearing. 
FUT. audituras about to hear. FOURTH CONJUGATION. 
Gerund. 
Gen. audiendi of hearing. 
Dat. audiendo for hearing. 
Acc. audiendum hearing. 
Abl. audiendo by hearing. 
Supine. 
Acc. auditam to hear. 
Abl. auditu • to hear, be heard. 
PASSIVE VOICE, AUDIOR, I AM HEARD. 
Verb Stem and Present Stem, audi. 
Principal Parts, 
Pres. Ind. 
audio/-, 
Perf. Inf. 
audiri, 
Perf. Ind. 
audItus sum. 
Indicative Mood. 
PRESENT TENSE. 
SINGULAR. 
I am heard. 
PLURAL, 
audior, 
audiris, or audire, 
auditur. 
audimur, 
audimini, 
audiuntur. 
IMPERFECT. 
I was heard. 
aud iehar, 
audiebaris, or audiebdre, 
audiebatur. 
aud iebdmur, 
andiebdmini, 
aud iebantur. 
FUTURE. 
audiar, 
audieris, or audiere, 
audietur. 
I shall or will he heard. 
and xemur, 
audiemini, 
audientur. 
PERFECT. 
auditus sum, 
auditus es, 
auditus est. 
1 have been heard, or I was heard. 
auditi sumus, 
auditi estis, 
auditi sunt. FOURTH CONJUGATION. 
97 
I had been heard. 
PLUPERFECT. 
auditws eram, 
auditws eras, 
auditws erat. 
auditi eramus, 
auditi eratis, 
auditi erant. 
I shall or will have been heard. 
FUTURE PERFECT. 
auditus ero, 
auditus eris, 
auditus erit. 
auditi erimus, 
auditi eritis, 
auditi erunt. 
Subjunctive. 
SINGULAR. 
PRESENT. 
PLURAL. 
audiar, 
audiaris, or audidre, 
audiatur. 
audiamur, 
audiamini, 
audiantur. 
audirer, 
audirem, or audirere, 
audiretur. 
IMPERFECT, 
audlremur, 
audiremini, 
audlrentur. 
PERFECT. 
auditws sim, 
auditws sis, 
auditws sit. 
audit? sirnus, 
audit? silts, 
audit? sint. 
auditws essem, 
auditws esses, 
auditws esset. 
PLUPERFECT, 
audit? essemus, 
audit? essetis, 
audit? essent. 
Imperative. 
Pres. audire, be thou heard. 
Fut. auditor, thou shalt be heard, 
auditor, he shall be heard. 
awdimim, he ye heard. 
audiuntor, they shall be heard. 
Infinitive. 
Pres, audiri to he heard. 
Perf. auditus esse ....... to have been heard. 
Fut. auditum iri to be about to be heard. FOURTH CONJUGATION. 
Participle. 
Perp. auditus heard. 
Geb. audiendus to be heard, deserving to he heard. 
CHAPTER XXIII. 
98. Learn the present, imperfect and future indicative, and 
present imperative and infinitive, active and passive, of audio. 
FOURTH CONJUGATION. 
Exercise. 60. 
1. Audio, audiebam, audiam. 2. Audit, audiebat, audiet. 3. 
Auditur, audiebatur, audietur. 4. Audi, audire. 5. Audimur, 
audiebamur, audiemur. 6. Audire, audiri. 7. Auditis, audiebatis, 
audietis. 8. Audis, audiris. 9. Audiunt, audiuntur. 10. Aud- 
ient, audientur. 
1. Thou hearest, thou wast hearing, thou wilt hear. 2. I hear, 
I am heard. 3. He is hearing, he was hearing, he will hear. 
4. To be heard, to hear. 5, We were hearing, we were (being) 
heard. 6. We hear, we heard, we shall hear. 7. They will Lear, 
they will be heard. 8. You heard, you were heard. 9. Hear ye, 
be ye heard. 10. I hear, I heard, I shall hear. 
Exekcise. 61. 
1. Puniebam, molliebam, sciebam. 2. Mollitur, punitur, scitur. 
3. Puniet, molliet, sciet. 4. Puni, punite, punimini. 5. Mollie- 
tur, punietur, scietur. 6. Non-ne scimus? non-ne punimur? non-ne 
sciuntur9 7. Puniam-ne? sciet-ne? mollietur-ne ? 8. Molliebam. 
puniebammi, scient. 9. Non sciunt, non punit, non molliemus. 
10. Punies, sciam, mollieris. 
Punio, punish; mollio, soothe, soften; scio, know, know how. 
1. He was punishing, he was soothing, he was knowing. 2. 
They will be punished, they will be soothed, they will be known. 
3. Be thou punished, soothe (thou), know. 4. I know, he soothes, 99 
FOURTH CONJUGATION. 
we are punishing. 5. Are you not being punished ? will he not 
be soothed ? will it not be known ? 6. They are being punished, 
thou wilt be soothed. 7. We punish, we were knowing, they will 
soothe. 8. Were you being punished? will it be known? will he 
be soothed ? 9. I shall not soften, they will not be punished. 10. 
I punished, know thou, they soften. 
ASstlvus, -a, - um summer, of the summer. 
Asiaticus, -a, -um, Asiatic. 
Anaestheticus, -a, -um anaesthetic. 
Cholera, -ae cholera. 
Cohibeo, 2, -ui, -itum, check, restrain. 
Catarrh us, i catarrh. 
Congestio, onis congestion. 
Finio, 4, finivi, or finii, finitum, end, finish. 
Invenio, 4, inveni, inventum, find, invent, come upon. 
Irritatio, -onis irritation. 
Nuper, adv recently, lately. 
Nescio, 4, -ivi, -ii, -itum know not, ignorant of. 
Nondum, adv not yet. 
Malignus, -a, -um malignant. 
Punio, 4, -ivi, -ii, itum punish. 
Reperio, 4, reperi, repertum, find {by searching) 
Relevo, 1, -avi, -atura relieve. 
Venio, 4, veni, ventum come. 
Vincio, 4, vinxi, vinctum, hind. 
Vocabulary. 27. 
Exercise. 62. 
1. Medicamentarius peritus in officinam venit. 2. Fere omnia 
genera medicamentdrum novit,1 et in officina habet. 3. Medicus doc- 
tus aegerrimo viro medicamenta emit, 4. Nisi rectum et poten- 
tissimum remedium celeriter reperiet, mors subita mox aegri vitam 
finiet. 5. iEgrotus choleram Asiaticam habet, 6. Medicus aeger- 
rimo magnam hydrargyri submuriatis dosim statim dabit. Si 
magna dosis hydrargyri chloridi mitis dolorem non molliet, opii 
quoque doses magnas dabit. 8. Pessimum autem cholerae genus 
nullum remedium cohibebit, vel vinciet. 9. Mors sola dolorem 
aegrdto finiet. 10. Quum mors atra appropinquabit, tum periti 
1 The perfect of nosco means “ I know.” 100 
FOURTH CONJUGATION. 
medici et medicamentarii omnia remedia potentissima frustra ten- 
tabunt. 11. Certum malignae cholerae remedium nondum re- 
pertum est. 12. Yetus amicus, Indus medicus, tale remedium jac- 
tat, nemo alius autem novit. 
Exercise. 63. 
1. Physicians find many new remedies for old diseases. 2. The 
skillful druggist ought to know and keep1 in his store all the new 
remedies. 3. Ought he not to keep the old remedies also ? 4. Is 
not cocaine one of the more recent drugs? 5. Yes, 6. It is a 
local anaesthetic, very recently discovered. 7. The medicinal prep- 
aration is the hydrochlorate of cocaine. 8. What (Qui) diseases will 
it relieve or cure ? 9. It will soothe the irritation and relieve the 
congestion of nasal catarrh and hay fever. 10. The wine of coca, 
or the fluid extract of erythroxylou, is also a nerve stimulant and 
stomach tonic. 
To he Answered in Latin. 
1. Scit-ne Indus medicus remedium cholerse Asiaticae ? 2. Ubi 
remedia morborum invenit? 3. Nonne in agris remedia reperit? 
4. Nonne est Indus medicus saepe empiricus. 5. Appellat-ne fere 
omnera morbum malariam? 6. Cur sic morbum appellat ? 7. 
Nonnc est quod nescit verum noraen ? 8. Scis-ne officinalem prae- 
parationem cocainae? 9. Est-ne anaestheticum locale ? 
99. 
Suggestive Derivations. 
1. Ancestheticus, from Greek a (before vowels an-) meaning not, 
and aisthanomai, I feel—tending to take away or prevent feeling. 
2. Sanguinaria, blood-root, from sanguis, blood. 
3. Catarrhus, from Greek words kata, downwards, and rheo, I 
flow. 
4. Emeticum, from the Greek emeo, I vomit. 
5. Emplastrum, from the Greek emplasso, I spread upon. 
6. Gaultheria, called after Dr. Gaulthier, of Quebec—winter» 
green. 
1 Habeo. FOURTH CONJUGATION. 
101 
7. Lavandula, from lavdre, to wash ; so called from being used 
in baths. 
8. Letifer, from letum, death, and ferre, to bear—death-bearing. 
CHAPTER XXIV. 
FOURTH CONJUGATION—CONTINUED. 
100. Learn the perfect, pluperfect and future perfect indica- 
tive, and perfect infinitive, active and passive, of audio. 
Exercise. 64, 
1. Audivi, audiveram, audivero. 2. Auditus est, auditus erat, 
auditus erit. 3. Audiveram, audivimus, audiverimus. 4. Audiver- 
ant, auditi erant. 5. Audivisti, audiveras, audiveris. 6. Audi- 
visse, auditum esse. 7. Audiveratis, auditi eratis. 8. Audivit, 
audiverat, audiverit. 
1. Thou hast heard, thou hadst heard, thou wilt have heard. 
2. They have been heard, they had been heard, they will have 
been heard. 3. I have heard, I have been heard. 4. To have 
been heard, to have heard. 5. We have heard, we had heard, we 
shall have heard. 6. We have been heard, we had been heard, 
we shajl have been heard. 7. You have heard, you have been 
heard, 8. He had heard, he had been heard. 
Aheneus (or aenSus), -a, -um brazen. 
Antiquus, -a, -um, adj. (also noun). . . . old, ancient. 
Aperio, 4, -ui, -turn, tr lay open, disclose. 
Cheraicus, -a, -um, adj. (also noun). . . . chemical, chemist. 
Carmen, -inis, N song, charm. 
Erudio, 4, erudivi, or erudii, eruditum, tr., instruet. 
Gigno, 3, genui, genitum, tr beget, bear, spring forth. 
Incanto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr sing, chant, charm. 
Nutrio, 4, -ivi, -itum, tr nourish, nurture. 
Nosco, 3, novi, notum, tr get acquainted ivith, learn, 
perf. tr., knou\ 
Vocabulary. 27. 102 
FOURTH CONJUGATION. 
Protggo, 3, protexi, protectum, tr. protect. 
Periculosus, -a, -uin dangerous. 
Tracto, 1, -avi, -aturn handle, deal with. 
Usitatus, -a, -um usual, customary. 
Vestio, 4, -ivi, -ii, -itum, tr. . . clothe. 
Veneficus, -i poisoner. 
Venenosus, -a, -um poisonous. 
1. Medicus regis node ad Fabricium venit. 2. Fabricius med- 
ico m vinxit et ad Pyrrbum misit. 3. Dux Romanus domino servi 
dolum aperuit. 4. Medicus Pyrrhi scivit homines interficere ve- 
neno. 5. Multa veneni genera repererat, et tentaverat. 6. Multa 
venena vegetabilia antiquissimis temporibus nota erant. 7. Min- 
eralia venena non tam bene nota erant. 8. Hannibal dicitur ve- 
nenum in annulo semper babuisse. 9. Habuit-ne in annulo ex- 
tractum letalis hyoscyami, vel aconiti, yel alius acerrimi alicujus2 
veneni? 10. Quod venenum Nero juveni fratri dedit? 11. In- 
terficere veneno inter Romanos usitatum crimen erat. 12. Yene- 
ficus non ssepe a Romanis puniebatur. 
Exercise. 65. 
Exercise. 66. 
1. Nero did not punish, but nourished poisoners, 2. Poisoners 
were very useful to the cruel emperor. 3. He, therefore, kept 
many in his hall, and instructed them3 in their3 wicked art. 4. 
They learned to kill enemies with the quickest poisons. 5. They 
had often handled the deadly nightshade, hemlock and aconite. 
6. He had found such men useful, and did not like to be without 
useful friends. 7. Medea, the most skillful sorceress4 of the an- 
cients, had discovered many vegetable poisons. 8. She had not 
yet heard much of acid and mineral poisons. 9. Chemists had not 
yet discovered nitric, sulphuric and oxalic acids, nor the chloride of 
antimony, carbonate of lead and nitrate of mercury. 10. The 
deadly hemlock, hellebore, nux vomica, ojiium and many other 
2 Genitive of “ aliquis ”—some. 3 And .. tliem: eosque. 4 Venefica. THIRD CONJUGATION. 
103 
active poisons had been discovered by the sorceress. 11. They 
used to seek herbs by moonlight,1 and cut them2 with a brazen 
sickle. 12. They also used to repeat a charm while they were 
preparing the poisons. 13. The charm was often regarded more 
dangerous than the poison. 
1. Quis fuit Medea? 2. Quis Medeam artem veneficam doc- 
uit? 3. Ubi venena repererat? 4. Interfecit-ne Medea fratrem 
veneno? 5. Quis Medeam artibus veneficis erudiverat ? 6, Quo- 
modo Pyrrhus de dolo servi audivit? 7. Quid medico regis Fab- 
ricius dixit? 8. Nonne servum vinxit, et ad dominum misit? 
9. Quando venit medicus Pyrrhi ad Fabricium ? 
Questions to be Answered in Latin. 
CHAPTER XXV. 
101. THIRD CONJUGATION.—VERBS IN 10. 
102. A few verbs of the Third Conjugation form the present 
indicative in lo, tor, like verbs of the Fourth Conjugation. They 
are inflected with the endings of the Fourth wherever those end- 
ings have two successive vowels. The vowel % is short. 
103. Conjugation of Capio. 
ACTIVE VOICE. 
Capio, I take.—Stem, cap. 
Principal Parts. 
Pres. Ind. 
cilpio, 
Pres. Inf. 
capCre, 
Perf. Ind. 
cepl, 
Supine. 
captum. 
Indicative Mood. 
PRESENT TENSE. 
SINGULAR, 
capio, capis, capit. 
PLURAL, 
capimus, capitis, c&piunt. 
* Luna lucente. 2 Omit. 104 
THIRD CONJUGATION. 
IMPERFECT. 
capiebam, iebas, -iebat. 
cSpiebamus, -iebatis, -iebant. 
FUTURE 
cSpiarn, -ies, -iet, 
PERFECT. 
cilpiemus, -ietis, -ient. 
cepl, -isti, -it 
cepimus, -istis, -erunt or -ere. 
PLUPERFECT. 
cepe ram, -gras, -6rat. 
cepgramus, -gratis, -giant. 
cepgro, -gris, -grit. 
FUTURE PERFECT, 
cepgrlmus, -erltis, -grint. 
Subjunctive. 
c&piam, -ias, -iat. 
PRESENT. 
cgpiamus, -iatis, -iant. 
IMPERFECT. 
cSpgrem, -gres, -gret. 
capgremus, -gretis, -grent. 
cepgrim, -gris, -grit. 
PERFECT. 
cepCrirnus, -eritis -grint. 
cepissem, -isses, -isset. 
PLUPERFECT, 
cepissemus, -issetis, -issent. 
Imperative. 
SINGUBAR. 
Pres , cape. 
Fut., capito, 
capito. 
Infinitive. 
Pres., eapgre. 
Perf., cepisse, 
Fut., capturus esse. 
Gerund. 
Gen., capiendi. 
Dat., capiendo. 
Acc., capiendum. 
Abb., capiendo. 
PBURAB. 
capite. 
capitote, 
cilpiunto. 
Participle. 
Pres., capiens. 
Fut., capturus. 
Supine. 
Arc., captum. 
Abb., captu. THIRD CONJUGATION. 
105 
PASSIVE VOICE. 
Principal Parts. 
Pres. Ind. 
capior. 
Pres. Inf. 
capi. 
Perf. Ind. 
captus sum. 
Indicative Mood. 
PRESENT TENSE. 
capior, caperis, capitur 
SINGULAR 
capimur, capimini, capiuntur. 
PLURAL. 
IMPERFECT. 
capiebar, -iebaris, -iebatur. 
capiebamur, -iebamini, -iebantur. 
capiar, -ieris, -ietur. 
FUTURE 
capiemur, -iemini, -ientur. 
PERFECT. 
captus sum, es, est. 
capti sumus, estis, sunt. 
captus cram, eras, erat. 
PLUPERFECT. 
capti eramus, eratis, erant. 
FUTURE PERFECT. 
captus ero, eris, erit 
capti erimus, eritis, erunt. 
Subjunctive. 
SINGULAR. 
PRESENT. 
PLURAL. 
capiar, -iaris, -iatur. 
capiamur, -iamini, -iantur. 
caperer, -ereris, -eretur. 
IMPERFECT. 
caperemur, -eremini, -erentur. 
PERFECT. 
captus sim, sis, sit. 
PLUPERFECT. 
capti f-imus, sitis, sint. 
captus essem, esses, esset 
capti essemus, essetis, essent. 
Pres., capere 
Ftjt , capitor, 
capitor, 
Imperative. 
capimini. 
capiuntor. THIRD CONJUGATION, 
Infinitive. 
Participle. 
Pres., capi. 
Perf., captus esse. 
Fut., captura iri. 
Perf., captus 
Fut., capieudus. 
CHAPTER XXVI. 
104. Learn all the tenses of the indicative, the present imperative, 
and the present and perfect infinitive, active and passive, of cupio. 
Exercise. 67 
1. Capiunt, capiebant. 2. Capior, capiebar, capiar. 3. Capi- 
mur, capiebamur, capiemur. 4. Capis, caperis, 5. Cepi, captus 
sum. 6. Capimus, ceperamus, ceperimus. 7. Capta sunt, capta 
erant, capta erunt. 8. Cape, capere. 9. Capere, capi. 10. Cep- 
isse, captum esse. 
1. We are taking, we were taking, we shall be taking. 2. Take, 
be taken. 3. Thou art taking, thou wast taking, thou wilt take. 4 
You have taken, you had taken, you will have taken. 5. It is 
taken, it was taken, it will be taken. 6. I was taking, I was taken. 
7. To take, to have taken. 8. To be taken, to have been taken. 
9. It has been taken, it had been taken, it will have been taken. 
10. We have taken, we have been taken. 
Vocabulary. 28. 
Administratio, -onis, f pi'actice, administration. 
Arcesso, 3, -ivi, -itum, tr summon, send for. 
Aliquando, adv some time, at some time. 
Concipio, 3, concepi, conceptum, tr., conceive, contract, take. 
Conjicio, 3, -jeci,-ectum, tr. . . . . throw together, cast, flinq. 
Conjicere in vincula . “ to cast or throw into bonds,” to imprison 
Difficilis, -e, adj. ... difficult. 
Facio, 3, feci, factum, tr make, do. 
Interrogo, 1, avi, atum, tr question, examine. 
Interficio, 3, -feci, -fectum, tr. . . . kill, slay. 
Inspicio, 3, inspexi, inspectum, tr. . look into, inspect. 
Jacio, 3, jeci, jactum, tr throw. 
Nocens, -entis, adj harmful, destructive. THIRD CONJUGATION. 
107 
Hemo, -inis, M. and f. ... no one. 
Pax, pacis, F. . peace. 
Procul, adv far, at a distance. 
Kepugnans, -antis, part.-adj., incompatible. 
Kequiesco, 3,' evi, etum, intr., rest, repose. 
Stultus,-a, -um, adj foolish, a fool (denotes only a momentary error). 
Stolidus,-a, -ura, adj stupid, dull, blockhead (denotes a character). 
Scelestus, -a, -urn, adj. . . . vicious, wicked, cursed. 
Subito, adv suddenly. 
Ut, adv how, as, just as. 
Exercise. 68. 
1. Medice, ut aeger amicus noster, vetus agricola, valet? 2. 
Requiescit in pace,—empiricus miserum interfecit. 3. Empiricus 
miserum interfecit! Quomodo fecit? 4. Nonne amici agricoke 
scelestum empiricum capient et interficient ? 5. Non sic facient, 
quod empiricus est medicus, et secundum legem interficit. 6. Nemo 
medico injuriam faciet; medici persona sacra est. 7. Choleram 
Asiaticam agricola subito concepit, et medicum arcessivit. 8. Em- 
piricus indoctus forte audivit, et statim venit. 9. Primum aegro 
dedit quindecim grana hydrargyri chloridi mitis, 10. Deinde, 
quod dolor vehemens fuit, opii dosim magnam dedit. 11. Aliger 
autem celeriter ingravescebat, et jam haud procul a morte fuit. 
12. Stolidus empiricus iterum notas morbi inspiciebat, 13. “ San- 
guis aegri impurissimus est,” inquit stolidus ; “ magna dose iodidi 
potasii eget; convalescet statim, quum sanguis purificatus est ” 
14. Sic dicens misero agricolae iodidi potasii vigiuti grana dedit. 
15. Mistura medicamentorum in stomacho facta1 est rubrum iodi- 
dum hydrargyri, aegrum fere statim interfecit; et tamen scelestus 
empiricus vivit! 
Exercise. 69. 
1. Our old friend, the sturdy farmer, was killed by a stupid 
quack. 2. What! a quack killed our friend! 3. How was it 
done? Did he kill him with a sword ? 4. No, he killed our good 
friend with medicine, according to law. 5. The quack is a doc- 
tor, you know,2 and kills men by law.3 6. Not knowing the nature 
i “ Facta est,”—became. 2 “ You know,” translate by “ enim.” 3 Ablative. 108 
FOURTH DECLENSION. 
of his drugs, he mixes incompatible medicines, and sometimes kills 
men. 7. The mixture of medicines in the stomach of our friend 
became corrosive sublimate, a most deadly poison. 8. There 
ought to be inscribed on his tombstone: “ Killed by a quack.” 
9. The wretch1 ought to be imprisoned at once. 10. I know, but 
the stupid fellow is a doctor, and kills according to law. 11. Will 
not our legislators change the law, and punish such men ? 
Questions to he Answered in Latin. 
1. Quis est empiricus? 2. Quid scit erapiricus de medicine, ? 
3. Sunt-ne multi empiric!? 4. Sciunt-ne empiric! medicamenta 
recte miscere? 5. Nonne nonnunquam letiferas misturas parant? 
6. Est-ne hydrargyri chloridum mite periculosum ? 7. Si addes 
iodidum potash, nonne erit mistura periculosa ? 8. Talis-ne mistura 
unquam ab empirico data est? 9. Novisti-ne empiricum? 10. Eris- 
ne unquam empiricus ? 
Before advancing farther, the pupil is advised to review carefully the four 
conjugations. 
CHAPTER XXVII. 
105 
106. The stem ends in u. 
FOURTH DECLENSION. 
107. Buie of Gender.—Nouns in us are masculine, and those in 
u are neuter. 
108. But the following nouns and a few others are feminine: 
acrw, needle; domus, house; Idas (plur.), Ides; maims, hand ; 
tribus, tribe. 
Singular. 
N. Y. spi rites, 
G. spiritws, 
Spiritus, M., spirit. 
Plural. 
spirits?, 
spiritwMm, 
Singular. 
genii, 
genits, 
Genu, n., knee. 
Plural, 
gen ua, 
genuum, 
1 Miser. FOURTH DECLENSION. 
109 
D. spiritui (it), spiritifois, genit, genibus, 
Ac. spiritwm, spiritils, genu, genua, 
Ab. spiritii. spiritiftws. genii. • genibus. 
109. 
N. Y. us iis 
G. its uum 
D. ul (u) ibus (ubus) 
Ac. um, us 
Ab. u ibus {ubus) 
Terminations. 
u ua 
us uum 
u ibus {ubus) 
u ua 
ii ibus {ubus). 
110. The fourth declension is a modification of the third. 
Thus, spiritus is for spirituis, spiritum for spirituem, spiritu for 
spiritue, etc. 
111. Artus, joint; partus, birth ; trihus, tribe; sometimes portus, 
harbor; veru, a spit; also dissyllables in cm have the termination 
ubus in the dative and ablative plural. 
112. Decline together spiritus alcoholicus, genu meum, manus mea. 
Vocabulary. 29. 
Adventus, -us, M the coming, arrival. 
Bibo, 3, bibi, bibitum, tr drink. 
Cerasus, -i, f cherry-tree. 
Desisto, 3, destiti, destitum, intr..... cease, leave off. 
Fructus, -us, m fruit. 
Frumentum, -i, N corn, grain. 
Gallicus, -a, -um, adj Gallic, French. 
Haustus, -us, m drink, draught. 
Impono, 3, -posui, -positum, tr put in, place in or upon. 
Impiger, impigra, -rum, adj diligent, active. 
Pingo, 3, pinxi, pictum, tr paint. 
Potus, -us, M a drink. • 
Pistillum, -i, N pestle 
Rogatus, -us, M request, inquiry, desire. 
Exercise. 70 
1. Dominus et puer in officina sunt, medicamenta inspectantes. 
2. Mi puer, quid ante adventum meum mane vendidisti? 3. Miles 
vetus rubro naso magnum potum spiritus frumenti potavit, et am- 
pullam magnam spiritus vini Gallici emit. 4. Erat-ne nasus mili- 110 
FOURTH DECLENSION. 
tis veteris ruberrimus ? 5. Certe ruberrimus erat; fructus cerasi 
non rubrior est. 6. Nimis spiritum frumenti bibit. Vendidis- 
tine alia medicamenta? 7. Paucas ampullas parvas spirituum 
camphorae, et aetheris et ammoniae et lavandulae etiam vendidi. 8. 
Laetus audio,1 mi puer! multa genera spirituum vendidisti;—bene 
fecisti; magnus medicamentarius aliquando eris. 9, Habemus-ne 
omnes spiritus officinales in abacis? 10. Nescio ; quot omnino 
sunt? 11. Nonne scis? Nomina et numera. 12. Puer incipit 
magna voce:—“ Spiritus setheris, compositus spiritus aetheris, spir- 
itus nitrosi aetheris, ammoniae aromaticus spiritus, anisi spiritus, 
aurantii spiritus, camphorae spiritus, cbloroformi spiritus, cinna- 
momi spiritus, frumenti spiritus, gaultheriae spi ” 12. “Satis, 
puer, desiste ; aut meum spiritum interficies; omnes spiritus offici- 
nales Pharmacopoeiae sunt viginti; eras disces omnes. 13. Nunc 
pistillum in mortario valida manu move. 14. Manibus nunc, non 
voce, labora.” 
Exercise. 71. 
1. Where are all of our flasks of whiskey and brandy, my boy ? 
2. There were forty bottles on the high shelf. 3. You have not 
sold (them) all, have you ? 4. Certainly, I have sold every bot- 
tle. 5. When the malaria is bad there is a great desire for whiskey 
and other alcoholic spirits. 6. I know it; the malaria is very bad 
now; fill all the bottles again immediately. 7. Here comes the 
old soldier again, holding a bottle in his hand. 8. We shall never 
sell the poor fellow whiskey or brandy again. 9. He has painted 
his nose enough already. 10. Did the old doctor send any pre- 
scriptions? 11. Yes, he sent two or three. 12. “ Take ten drops 
of the tincture of castoreura, fifteen drops of the spirit of nitrous 
aether, six grains of the nitrate of potassium and an ounce of the 
water of allspice.” 13. “Mix, make a draught, and give to the 
patient when the fever is troublesome.” 14. “Give a second 
draught also early in the morning, with a little of the spirit of 
lemon.” 
1 Laetus audio—I am glad to hear it. FIFTH DECLENSION. 
Questions to be Answered in Latin. 
1. Quid nasum railitis veteris rubrum facit? 2. Ubi spiritum 
frumenti emit? 3. Num in officina medicamentarii emit? 4. 
Est-ne officina in civitate Kansensi ? 5. Quis, nisi seger, et jussu 
medici etjurejurando dato, emit spiritum frumenti in civitate Kan- 
sensi ? 6. Quid in manu dextra habet miles ? 7. Nonne est am- 
pulla in Iseva manu ? 8. Est-ne spiritus odoratus in ampulla ? 
9. Quot olea in spiritu odorato sunt? 10. Nonne quinque olea 
sunt? Nomina olea, si placet. 
CHAPTER XXVIII. 
113. FIFTH DECLENSION. 
114. The stem ends in e, which, in the gen and dat. sing, is lot g, 
if preceded by i; but short after consonants. 
115. Rule of Gender.—Nouns of the fifth declension are femi- 
nine, except dies, day, which is commonly masculine in the singu- 
lar, and always in the plural. 
Dies, day. 
Res, thing, affair. 
Terminations. 
Sing. 
N. V., dies, 
G., diei, 
D., diei, 
Ac., diem, 
Ab., die, 
Plu. 
dies, 
dierum, 
diebus, 
dies, 
diebus. 
Sing. 
res, 
rei, 
rei, 
rem, 
re, 
Plu. 
res, 
rerum, 
rebus, 
res, 
rebus. 
Sing. 
es, 
(ei) 
(ei) 
em, 
e, 
Plu. 
es, 
erum, 
ebus, 
es, 
ebus. 
116. Only dies and res are complete in the plural. A few other 
nouns have the nominative and accusative plural. 
117. Decline together res publica, state; in the singular, bona 
fides, good faith ; dies quintus, fifth day. 
Vocabulary. 30. 
Ars, artis, P art. 
Fides, -Si, f faith, trust, confidence. 
Materies, -ei, P. 1 . , 
,. . > matter, materiat. 
Materia, -se, p. ) 
* See glossary, “jusjurandum.” 112 
FIFTH DECLENSION, 
Humanus, -a, -um, adj. ....... human. 
Nam, conj for. 
Postquam, conj after, after that. 
Amitto, 3, -misi, -missum, tr lose, let go, send away. 
Ter, adv . three times, thrice. 
Celsus, -i, M Celsus, (a Roman physician) 
Liber, -bri, m book. 
Tenax, -acis, adj tenacious, holding fast. 
Excelsus, -a, -um, adj high, tall. 
Fallo, 3, fefelli, falsum, tr deceive, disappoint. 
Statio, -onis, F a post, a station, guard. 
Meridies, -ei, M noon. 
Basis, -is, f base. 
Exercise. 72. 
1. Omnium rerum humanarum spes est optima. 2. Nam spem 
saepe habemus postquam omnes res ceteras amisimus. 3. Ars 
medici aegro viro fidem facit. 4. Aegrotus vir in dies convalescit. 
5. Febriculam ter in die habet. 6. Celsus, medicus paene claris- 
simus in republica Romana, octo libros de medicina scripsit. 
7. In nostra quoque republica sunt multi medici clari, et multi 
empirici mali. 8, Pauca remedia ex abiete habemus. 9. Abies 
teuacem picem e cortice exsudat. 10. Abies excelsa picem Burg- 
undicam, et abies Canadensis picem Canadensem praebet. 
Exercise. 73. 
1. In all things be of good courage.1 2. Put entire confidence 
in your 2 physician, 3. A good physician will not often disappoint 
your expectations. 4. Your confidence will increase daily. 5. 
Like3 a brave soldier, he will be on guard4 day and night, and 
will ward off the return of disease. 6. Give the patient a dose 
of the extract of euonymus three times a day,—morning, noon 
and night. 7. The fir-tree furnishes the material of three kinds 
of pitch plasters. 8. Name the three kinds. 9. The Canada fir 
furnishes the basis for pitch plasters. 
1 Bono animo. 2 Omit, 3 Ut. 4 In statione. SPECIAL PARADIGMS. 
113 
118, Rule of Syntax.—The ablative of specification is used to 
denote that in respect to which anything is said to be done: as 
claudus altera pede, lame in one foot; moribus similes, similar in 
character; virtute prcecedunt, they excel in courage; numero ad 
duodecim, about twelve in number. 
CHAPTER XXIX. 
119. SPECIAL PARADIGMS. 
Vis, F. Deus, M. Senex, N. Jupiter. 
Force, strength. God. Old man. Jupiter. 
Singular 
N. y. vis, deus, senex, Jupiter, 
G. vis, dei, senis, Jovis, 
D. vi, deo, seni, Jovi, 
Ac. vim, deum, senem, Jovem, 
Ab. vi. deo. sene. Jove. 
N. Y. vires 
G. virium, 
D. viribus, 
Ac. vires, 
Ab. viribus. 
dei, dii, di, 
deorum, deum, 
deis, diis, dis, 
deos, 
deis, diis, dis. 
Plural. 
senes, 
senum, 
senibus, 
senes, 
senibus. 
Iter, N. 
Way. 
Bos, M. and F. 
Ox, cow. 
Domus, F. 
House. 
Singular. 
N. V. iter, 
G. itineris, 
D. itineri, 
Ac. iter, 
Ab. itinere. 
bos, 
bovis, 
bovi, 
bovewiy 
bove. 
domus, 
domus, 
domui, 5, 
domum, 
domo u. 114 
SPECIAL PARADIGMS. 
Plural. 
N. Y. itinera, boves, dormis, 
G. itinerum, bovam, boam, domuum, orum, 
D. itineribus, hdbus, buftas, domibus, 
Ac. itinera, boves, domos, us, 
Ab. itineribus. hdbus, bubus. domibus. 
120. Prescriptions for Translation. 
1. Recipe,—Guaiaci ligni rasi, unciam unam, 
Sassafras radicis, unciam dimidiam, 
Aquae distillatse, libras duas. 
Coque igne leni ad libram unam, sub finem coctionis 1 adde glycyrrhizse 
radicis contusae drachmas duas, et cola. vEger cochlearia tria ter die capiat. 
2. Recipe,—Balsami copaibae, drachmas tres, 
Misturae acaciae, drachmas sex, 
Liquoris potassae drachmam unam cum semisse, 
Syrupi aurantii, unciam dimidiam, 
Aquae destillatae, uncias quattuor cum semisse. 
Misce. iEger capiat cochlearia duo vel tria quarta quaque2 hora. 
3. Recipe,—Antimonii et potassii tartratis, granum dimidium, 
Aquae purae, unciam. 
Misce, et aegro haustum statim da, et repete post horas duas, si ventriculus 
emeticum non antea rejecerit, vel si alvus non laxata fuerit. 
CHAPTER XXX. 
121. PRONOUNS. 
122. Pronouns may be divided into six classes: 
(1) Personal, tu, thou, 
(2) Possessive, mens, my, 
(3) Demonstrative, hlc, this, 
(4) Relative, qui, who, 
(5) Interrogative, quis, who ?, 
(6) Indefinite, aliquis, some one. 
1 Sub finem coctionis—towards the end of the boiling. 
2 Quarta quaque hora—every fourth hour; time when. PERSONAL PRONOUNS. 
115 
123. Personal Pronouns. 
PARADIGMS. 
First Person. 
124. Ego, I. 
SINGULAR. 
PLURAL. 
N. ego, I. 
G. mei, of me. 
D. mihi (mi), to, for me. 
Ac. me, me. 
Ab. (a) me, by me. 
nos, we. 
nostrum or nostri, of tis. 
nobis, to, for us. 
nos, us. 
(a) nobis, by us. 
Second Person. 
N. and V. tu, tho 
G. tui, of thee. 
D. tibi, to, for thee. 
Ac. te, thee. 
Ab. (a) te, by thee. 
125. Tu, thou. 
vos, you, ye. 
vestrum or vestri, of you. 
vobis, to, for you. 
vos, you. 
(a) vobis, by you. 
Third Person. Eeflexiye Pronoun. 
126. Sul, of himself, etc. 
Singular. 
Plural. 
N. 
G. sui, of himself, herself, itself. 
D. sibi, to, for himself, etc. 
Ac. se (sese), himself, etc. 
Ab. (a), se (sese), by himself, etc. 
sui of themselves. 
sibi, to, for themselves. 
se (sese), themselves. 
(a) se (sese), by themselves. 
127. For the personal pronoun of the third person the demon- 
strative is, ea, id, he, she, it, is generally used. But when reference 
is made in the oblique cases to the subject of the sentence, the re- 
flexive personal, sui, etc., is used; Omnes homines se amant, ail men 
love themselves. 
128. The nominatives of the personal pronouns are only used 
for emphasis or contrast: Ego sum cegrotus, tu vales, I am sick, you 
are well. 
129. “ With me, with you,” etc., are always expressed by mecum> 116 
POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVE PRONOUNS. 
tecum, secum, nobiscum, vobiscum, the preposition cum being always 
appended to the ablative of the personal pronoun. 
130. The personal pronouns of the first and second person are 
often used with a reflexive sense: Tu te amas, thou lovest thyself; 
Ego mihi noceo, I injure myself. 
131. Possessive Adjective Pronouns. 
132. From personal pronouns are formed the possessives 
Meus, -a, -um my, mine. 
Noster, -tra, -tram our, ours. 
Tuus, -a, -um thy, thine. 
Vester, -tra, -tram your, yours. 
Suus, -a, -um his, hers, its, their. 
133. Possessives are declined as adjectives of the first and second 
declensions; but mens has in the vocative singular masculine gen- 
erally mi, sometimes mens, and in the genitive plural sometimes 
meum instead of meorum. 
Vocabulary. 31 
iEque, adv equally, in same degree. 
Ac, conj and; with comp., as, than. 
Elixir, -iris, N elixir. 
Injucundus, -a, -um, adj disagreeable, unpleasant. 
Ludus, -i, M plug, sport, game. 
Os, oris, N mouth, face. 
Quasi, conj as if. 
fteservo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr reserve. 
Sed, conj but. 
Signum, -i, n sign, mark, symptom. 
Suavis, -e, adj pleasant, agreeable. 
Sanus, -a, -um, adj sound, well. 
Salus, -utis, F safety, health. 
Decipio, 3, decepi, deceptura to deceive. 
Exercise. 74. 
1. Tu tegrotus es, ego valeo. 2. Tu medicamenta amara capis, 
ego saccharum, nuces, et alias res dulces 3. Tu pilulas gentiana?, 
leptandne, podophylli, et aloes extractum sumis; ego elixir auran- 
tii, et cetera elixiria, et omnes confectiones suaves. 4. Nobis syr- POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVE PRONOUNS 
117 
upos aurantii, amygdalse, sarsaparilla!, rosce,—omnes syrupos bonus 
rnedicus prsescribet; sed vobis syrupos scilla, allii, ipecacuanha,— 
omnes syrupos injucuudos. 5. Juvenis medicus nimium se laudat, 
quasi ipse agrum virum sanum fecisset. 6. Yetus medicus non 
sape se laudat, sed semper artem suam et medicinam. 7. Empir- 
icus miser quondam medicamentis suis se interfecit. 8. Sine te, 
mi medice care, miserrimus sum. 9. Tu vales, medice, quod pilu- 
las tuas aloes, asafoetida, antimonii, et ceterarum rerum nunquam 
capis, sed nobis miseris praparas. 10. Tu naturalia vlna bibis, 
nobis vina aloes, colchici radicis, ferri, ferri citratis, ipecacuanha, 
opii, rhei prascribis. 11. Nobis das omnes res amaras, tibi omnia 
bona reservas. 12. Tu medicamenta tua non capis. 13. Sumus-ne 
agroti, quod medicamenta tua capimus? 14. Ego posthac non 
capiam tincturas belladonna, capsici, chirata, cinchona, gelsemii, 
et extracta fluida taraxaci, stillingia, serpentaria, nucis vomica, et 
alia genera injucunda medicatarum praparaticmum. 15. Turn ego, 
seque1 ac tu, semper valebo; te intelligo; me non iterum decipies. 
Exercise. 75. 
1. Your health is dear to you, mine to me. 2. You also, O boy, 
love liquorice; I see the sign on your face. 3. I like peppermint 
troches. 4. When sick,2 we all take your quinine and iron pills, 
doctor. 5. Bitter medicines are acceptable3 to us when sick, but 
not pleasing.4 6. The young doctor often praises himself. 7. Our 
physician prescribed for us three preparations of honey,—honey 
pure and simple, rose honey and clarified honey. 8. The pre- 
scriptions of the old physician are used by you, by me, by thee,— 
by us all. 9. With us you will be happy. 10. With you and 
without you, O doctor, we shall be equally happy. 11. Do you 
swallow your own pills ; we have had enough. 
Questions to he Answered in Latin. 
1. Ego-ne pilulas asafoetidse devorabo ? 2. Quis cincbonse pil- 
2 When sick, segroti. 3 Acceptable, gratus. 4 Pleasing, jucundus. 
1 iEque ac tu, just the same as you ; lit., equally as you. 118 
SUGGESTIVE DERIVATIONS. 
ulus devorabat? 3. Nonne tibi taraxaci extractum prtescriptum 
est? 4. Quis nobis syrupum scillse prsescripsit ? 5. Nonne est 
medicus expertus vobiscum? 6. Num nimium se laudat ? 7. 
Nonne nos desiderabis, medico? 8. Nonne nos pilulas tuas desid- 
erabimus? 9. Portabis-ue pilulas tecum, amice? 
CHAPTER XXXI. 
134. SUGGESTIVE DERIVATIONS. 
1. Calendula, from mlendce, calends—the first day of the Ro- 
man month ; so called from flowering every calend. 
2. Capsicum, probably derived from capsa, receptacle. 
3. Experimentum, from ex, out of, per, through, and ire, to go— 
a going through and coming out. 
4. Extractum, from ex, out, and trahere, to draw. 
5. Elixir, from the Arabic article al and the Greek xerion, a 
powder supposed to convert base metals into gold. 
6. Gentiana, from Gentius, king of Illyria, who used some species 
of the plant medicinally. 
7. Sarsaparilla, from the Spanish zarsa,briar, and parilia, a lit- 
tle vine. 
135. Demonstrative Pronouns. 
PARADIGMS. IS, IDEM, IPSE. 
136. Is, that, this; also, he, she, it. 
N. is, ea, id. 
G. ejus, ejus, ejus. 
D. ei, ei, ei. 
Ac. eum, eam, id. 
Ab. eo, ea. e5. 
Singular. 
ei, ii, ese, ea. 
eorum, earum, eorum, 
eis iis, eis, iis, eis, iis. 
eos, eas, ea. 
eis, iis, eis, iis, eis, iis. 
Plural, DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS. 
119 
137. Idem, same. 
Singular. 
f eidem, 
l iidem, eaedem, eadem. 
eorundem, earundem, eorundem. 
f eisdem, eisdem, eisdem, 
i iisdem, iisdem, iisdem, 
eosdem, easdem, e&dem. 
/ eisdem, eisdem, eisdem, 
i iisdem, iisdem, iisdem. 
Plural. 
N. idem, e3dem, Idem. 
G. ejusdem, ejusdem, ejusdem. 
D. eidem, eidem, eidem. 
Ac. eundem, eandem, Idem. 
Ab. eodem, eadem, eodem 
138. Ipse (self, himself, etc.). 
Singular. 
Plural. 
N. ipse, ipsa, ipsum. 
G. ipsius, ipsius, ipsius. 
D. ipsi, ipsi, ipsi. 
Ac. ipsum, ipsam, ipsum. 
Ab. ipso, ipsa, ipso. 
ipsi ipsae ipsa, 
ipsorum, ipsarum, ipgorum. 
ipsis, ipsis, ipsis, 
ipsos, ipsas, ipsa, 
ipsis, ipsis, ipsis. 
139. These pronouns, like adjectives, agree with nouns expressed 
or understood ; idem and ipse also with pronouns. 
140. Is is very often used as a personal pronoun, meaning he, 
she, it, they ; also as the antecedent of qui, who : is qui, he who. 
141. Idem is compounded of is and the suffix dem. Idem is for 
isdem; idem for iddem; eundem, etc., for eumdem, etc.; eorundem, 
etc., for eorumdem, etc. 
142. Ipse, self (intensive), is used to emphasize a noun or pro- 
noun expressed or understood, and must be distinguished from se, 
self (reflexive) : 
(1) Medicus ipse veniet, the doctor himself (and not another) 
will come. 
(2) Medicum ipsum vidi, I saw the doctor himself. 
(3) Medicus se cidpat nimium, the doctor blames himself too 
much. 
(4) Miles fratrem, dein se ipsum interfecit, the soldier killed his 
brother, then himself. 
5. Decline together is homo, that man ; ea guita, that drop; id 120 
DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS. 
extractum, that extract; idem dies, the same day; eadem manus, 
the same hand; idem corpus, the same body; vir ipse, the man 
himself. 
Vocabulary. 32. 
Elicio, 3, -ui, -itum, tr draw out, elicit. 
Eruditus, -a, -um, adj learned, refined, civilized. 
Fontanus, -a, -um, adj of a fountain or spring. 
Infundo, 3, -fudi, -fusum, tr. . . pour in. 
Populus, !, M a people, nation. 
Pharmacopoeia, -se, F Pharmacopoeia. 
Quidem, conj indeed, even. 
Scriptor, -oris, M writer. 
Scriptum, -i, N a writing, written work. 
Thebae, -arum, f Thebes in Africa. 
Yetus -eris old |tbat has l°Ug existed: no lon9er young or 
’ f new (opp. to recens). 
Vetustus, -a, -um old, |that g0eS back beyond the remembrance of 
* t those now living. 
. i, f that once was; antiqui, the ancients (op. to 
Antiquus, -a, -um .... old, < » 
t novus.) 
Exercise. 76. 
1. Pharmacopoeia medicamentarii liber pretiosissimus est; for- 
mulas ejus diurna nocturnaque manu tractat. 2. Librum fidum 
amicum existimat; eum magis quam te amat. 3. Ad * formulas ejus 
remedia multa prreparat. 4. Formulae eaedem sapienti raedica- 
mentarid divitias praebent. 5. Formula? semper eaedem sunt, 
et, si qualitas medicamentorum est semper eadem, eosdem 
eventus praebebunt. 6. Magister ipse dies noctesque pharraaco- 
poeiae1 dat; nonne adjutor ejus idem facere debet? 7. Si id non 
faciet nunquam bonus medicamentarius erit. 8. Est mihi formula 
scripta Latine: 
Aqua Asafoetidce. 
“R.—Asafoetidse drachmas tres, infunde aquae fontanae quantitatem suffi- 
cientem, et destillatione elice uncias sex. Esto turbida.” 
9. Adjutor medicamentarii eandem formulam forsan saepe vidit; 
I In dative. * Ad formulas = In accordance with the formulae. DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS. 
121 
earn autera non intelligit, quod Latino scripta est. 10. Idem quo- 
quo prmscripta Latina non facile legit. 
1. Celsus was a famous Roman writer on1 medicine; have you 
read his writings, doctor ? 2. I have not read them, but I* have 
read part of the American Pharmacopoeia. 3. What! never read 
Celsus, the most famous Roman writer on medicine? 4. No; I 
have never read his works, nor heard of1 him even. 5. How 
many of his formulse are in the Pharmacopoeia? 6. I do not 
know that myself. 7. His formulse were written in Roman books, 
not in ours. 8. But many of them have been put into some* Pharma- 
copoeias. 9. Then, perhaps, I have read a few of them without 
knowing it. 10. The formulse for many preparations are very old, 
and are the same in all civilized nations. 
Exercise. 77. 
FOR TRANSLATION. 
Formulse e Pharmacopoeia Germana excerptse 
1. JExtractum Caseariliac. 
R.—Corticis cascarillse minutim contusi libram unam; affunde aquae com- 
munis libras sedecim. 
Decoque ad remanentiam 2 librarum octo et cola. Residuum denuo cum3 
aquae communis libris sedecim ad dimidium decoque, et repete decoctionem, 
quoties opus fuerit. Turn liquores commixtos subsidendo4 et decantatione 
depura, et evapora ad remanentiam librarum quatuor, quas5 in balneo vaporis 
ad extract! absinthii spissitudinem redige. Serva bene. 
2. Pulvis Aromaticus. 
R.—Cinnamomi pulverati uncias duas, cardamom! minoris excorticati6 
pulverati unciam unam, radicis zingiberis, et piperis albi singulorum 
pulveratorum unciae dimidium. Misce et in vase bene obturato serva. 
B. Syrupus Chamomillce 
R,—Florum cliarnomillae vulgaris uncias quatuor. Infunde aquae communis 
fervent is quantum sufficit. Cola et in unciis viginti liquoris solve leni 
calorc saccbari albissimi libras tres, ut fiat7 syrupus coloris subflavi et 
fusci. 
1 De. * Nonnullus, -a, -um. 2 Med. Lat. 3 “ With ” governing libris. 
«By settling. 6 Which. 0 Free from bark. ? Ut flat, that there may result. 
12 122 
DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS. 
CHAPTER XXXII. 
143. DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS—CONTINUED. 
Paradigms: Hie, Isle, Ille. 
144. Hie, this, this of mine (near the speaker) : 
SINGULAR. 
PLURAL- 
N., hic, haec, hoc, hi, hae, haec, 
G., hujus, hujus, hujus, horum, harum, horum, 
D., huic, huic, huic, his, his, his, 
Ac., hunc, hanc, hoc, hos, has, haec, 
Ab., hoc, hac, hoc, his, his, his. 
145, Iste, that, that of yours (near the one addressed): 
N., iste, ista, istud, isti, istae, ista, 
G., istius, istius, istius, istorum, istarum, istorum, 
D., isti, isti, isti, istis, istis, istis, 
Ac., istum, istam, istud, istos, istas, ista, 
Ab., isto, ista, isto, istis, istis, istis. 
146. Ille, that (remote from the speaker) : 
N., ille, illa, illud, illi, illae, illa, 
G., illius, illius, illius, illorum, illarum, illorum, 
D., illi, illi, illi, illis, illis, illis, 
Ac., illum, illam, illud, illos, illas, illa, 
Ab., illo, illa, illo, illis, illis, illis. 
147. Hie is used of that which is near the speaker in place, 
time or thought, and hence is called the demonstrative of the first 
person: Hie liber, this book (near me, or belonging to me). 
148. Iste is used of that which has some relation to the person 
addressed, and hence is called the demonstrative of the second 
person: Iste liber, that book (near you, or belonging to you). 
149. Ille is used of that which is relatively remote from the 
speaker or person addressed, in place, time or thought, and hence 
is called the demonstrative of the third person: I lie liber, that 
book (yonder). DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS. 
123 
150. Hie and ille are sometimes used in contrast: Hie, the lat- 
ter ; ille, the former. 
151. Is sometimes approaches hie in meaning, and sometimes 
ille. Hence it is to be translated this or that, according to the 
connection. 
Vocabulary. 33. 
Admisceo, 2, admiscui, admixtum, or admistum, . . mingle together, blend. 
Consto, 1, -stiti, -statum, intr make up of, consist of. 
Colum, i, N filter, strainer, percolator. 
Cylindratus, -a, -um, adj cylindrical. 
Finis, -is, m end, limit. 
Firme, adv. . . firmly. 
Humecto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr moisten. 
Octarius, -i, M pint. 
Premo, 3, pressi, pressum, tr. press. 
Sensim, adv little by little, gradually. 
Studeo, 2, -ui, tr. (Ac. and Dat., seldom with Acc.), \ study, apply the mind 
t to, he eager for. 
Serus, -a, -um, adj. . . .. late. 
Verus, -a, -um, adj true. 
Yitreus,-a,-um, adj of glass. 
Exercise. 78 
1. Hic puer pharmacoepoeiam diligenter legit, ille in libro dormit. 
2. Ex iis pauca1 quteremus de tincturis. 3. Didicistis-ne, pueri, 
adhuc omnia2 de his duabus tincturis in abaco ? Illud pars pensi 
hodierni erat. 4. “Non omnia adhuc didici, quotidie autem 
disco,” respondit discipulus diligens. 5. Lsetus1 audio; scientiam 
autem tentabo. 6. Quomodo tincturam in illa ampulla prseparas? 
7. Hoc modo aconiti tinctura paratur. Formulam pharmacoepceise 
dabo, si memoria tenSo. 8, “ B—Aconiti pulveris uncias unde- 
cim ; tartarici acidi grana quadraginta; alcoholis octarios duos.” 
9. Recte adhuc; ilhe sunt materiae/ Quomodo autem admisces ? 
10 Pulverem aconiti humecta unciis fluidis sex alcoholis, in quo4 
acidum tartaricum antea solutum erat, et per horas viginti quatuoi 
1 Will ask a few questions. 2 Omnia, all things, everything, 
31 am glad to hear it. 4 The Ingredients. 6 In which. 124 
DEMONSTRATIVE PRONOUNS. 
macera. 11. Recte iterum; quid autem delude facies? Perge 
celeriter ad finem. 12. Deinde in cylindrato colo vitreo firme 
preme, et reliquum alcoholem sensim infunde. 13. Sic fit tinc- 
tura aconiti officinalis. 14. Rectum est tuum responsum, mi puer. 
Recte illam tincturam scis parare. 15. Nunc tu, mi puer alter, 
quomodo belladonnse tincturam parabis, 16. Nullo modo parabo; 
nescio. 17. Quid! nescis? Re vera1 nescis? Nonne pertractas 
pharmacopoeiam? 18. Certe pertracto, sed formulas omnes memoria 
non teneo. 19. Unara igitur tene, non omnes simul. In centum 
partibus tincturse, quot partes belladonnse sunt? Nescio. Quot 
partes alcoholis diluti sunt? Nescio. 20. Nescis-ne? O homo 
ignare,1 defessus es; domum perge celeriter, et caput repone. 
Exercise. 79. 
1. That boy does not know the formula for the tincture of bel- 
ladonna; do you know it? 2. Yes, I remember the formula 
well. I learned it yesterday. 3. Repeat it, then, correctly for 
that lazy fellow, while he attends diligently. 4. Take fifteen parts 
of the powder of belladonna leaves and eighty-five parts of diluted 
alcohol. 5. Moisten the powder with twenty parts of diluted al- 
cohol, and macerate for twenty-four hours. 6. Then press it 
firmly in a cylindrical percolator, and, little by little, pour upon it 
the remainder of the alcohol. 7. Good! That is a correct an- 
swer. 8. Do you know the ordinary dose of this tincture ? 9. The 
ordinary dose is from three to eight minims. 10. What do you 
know of2 the tincture of arnica root? 11. I know the ingredients 
and the manner of preparing the tincture. 12. What does that 
boy near you know of them? 13. My boy, tell us the ingredients 
of the tincture of arnica root. 14. That tincture is prepared from3 ten 
parts of arnica root and ninety parts of diluted alcohol. 15. It is 
prepared in the same4 manner as the tincture of belladonna. 16. 
This is the officinal tincture of arnica root of the American Phar- 
macopoeia, 17. The dose is from one to two fluid drachms. 18. 
2De. 3 Dc, with abl. 4 Modo eudem quo—same manner as. RELATIVE, INTERROGATIVE AND INDEFINITE PRONOUNS. 
125 
Well answered, my boy; you are not as tired as that lazy fellow 
yonder. 
FOR TRANSLATION. 
Celsus de his quce calejaciunt aut refrigerant. 
At calefaciunt piper, sal, caro omnis jurulenta, allium, cepa, fi- 
cus arida, salsamentum, vinum, et quo1 meracius est eo magis. 
Refrigerant olera, quorum crudi caules assumuntur, ut intybus, et 
lactuca: item coriandrum, cucumis, elixa cucurbita, beta, mora, 
cerasa, mala austera, pira fragilia, caro elixa, prtecipueque acetum, 
sive cibus ex eo, sive potio assumitur. 
CHAPTER XXXIII. 
152. RELATIVE, INTERROGATIVE AND INDEFINITE PRO- 
NOUNS. 
PARADIGMS : QUI, QUIS, ALIQUIS. 
153. Relative: Qui, who, which, that. 
N., qul, quae, quod, 
G., cujus, cujus, cujus, 
D., cui, cui, cui, 
Ac., quem, quam, quod, 
Ab., quo, qua, quo, 
SINGULAR, 
qui, quae, quae, 
quorum, quarum, quorum, 
quibus, quibus, quibus, 
quos, quas, quae, 
quibus, quibus, quibus. 
Plural. 
154. Interrogative: 1. Quis, quidf (no feminine), who, what? 
when used without a noun; f. i. quis hoc fecit, who has done this? 
2. Qui, quce, quod, which, what, declined like the relative pronoun, 
and used with nouns: quod extractum dedistif Which extract did 
you give? 
1 The purer it is, the more heating it ts; lit.—by what the purer, by that the more 
heating. 126 
RELATIVE, INTERROGATIVE AND INDEFINITE PRONOUNS. 
155. Indefinite: Aliquis, some one, some, any one. 
SINGULAR. 
N. aliquis, aliqua, aliquid or quod. 
G. alicujus, alicujus, alicujus, 
D. alicui, alicui, alicui, 
Ac. aliquem, aliquam, aliquid or quod, 
Ab. aliquo, aliqua, aliquo. 
PLURAL. 
N. aliqui, aliquae, aliqua, 
G. aliquorum, aliquarum, aliquorum, 
I). aliquibus, aliquibus, aliquibus, 
Ac. aliquos, aliquas, aliqua, 
Ab. aliquibus, aliquibus, aliquibus. 
156. Observe the feminine nominative singular and the neuter 
nominative plural of aliquis, and compare them with the corre- 
sponding forms of quis. 
157. Aliquis is used adjectively in the neuter form aliquod, and 
sometimes in the masculine and feminine forms. The same is true 
of quidam and quisque. 
158. The interrogative quis may stand with a noun when name 
or rank are asked for, f. i. quis medians erat, which physician was it; 
qui medicus erat means: what kind of a physician was it? 
159. Besides aliquis the most important indefinites are quidam, 
qucedam, quiddam or quoddam, certain one, certain; quisquam 
(fern, wanting), quidquam, any one (no plural); quisque, quoeque, 
quidque or quodque, eacli one, every. 
160. Quidam, quisquam and quisque are declined like the simple 
pronouns. Quidam changes m to n before d—quendam quorun- 
dam, etc. 
161. Aliquis, some one, any one (without emphasis) ; quisquam, 
any one at all (emphatic). 
162. Aliquis hoc dixit means some one said this, but I don’t 
know who ; quidam, a certain man whom I know, hut don’t choose 
to name. 
163. Rule of Syntax.—A relative pronoun agrees with its ante- RELATIVE, INTERROGATIVE AND INDEFINITE PRONOUNS. 
127 
cedent in gender and number: Medicus qui venit, the doctor who 
came; dosis quam dedit, the dose that he gave; medieamenta qu.ee 
emit, the drugs which he bought. 
164. Rule of Syntax.—The verb of which a relative pronoun is 
the subject agrees in person and number with the antecedent of the 
relative. 
Vocabulary. 34. 
Attente, adv attentively. 
Auris, -is, F ear. 
Aliquis, indef. pro any one, any. 
Angulus, -x, M comer. 
Carum, i, N caraway. 
Catechu, indecl., n catechu. 
Crassus, -a, -um, adj coarse, gross. 
Coccus, i, F. and m cochineal. 
Erigo, 3, erexi, erectum, tr. . . erect, prick up. 
Menstruum, -I, N. . . . . ... a solvent. 
Optime, adv best, right well. 
Percolo, 1, avi, atum, tr percolate, strain. 
Eequiesco, 3, -evi, -etum, intr. . rest, repose. 
Singuli, orum, adj single, separate, one at a time, each. 
Semiuncia, se, F half-ounce. 
Exercise. 80. 
1. Ille puer, qui heri nihil de tincturis sciebat, requievit, et for- 
san rectius respondebit hodie. Sic spero certe. 2. Pauca vero ex 
eo quaeram similia eis quae heri quaesivi. 3. Quae est formula offi- 
cinalis calumbae tincturae? 4. Calumba est menstruum,—“men- 
struum?” Dixine menstruum? Basis erat mihi1 in animo dicere. 
5. Alcohol et aqua sunt menstruum. 6. Quaenam est ratio tincturam 
illam parandi? 7. Misce alcoholis partes ternascura aquae partibus 
binis. Decern partes calumbae, in pulverem crassura redactae, 
pondere aequali hujus (or illius) misturae humecta. Turn in colo 
vitreo preme, et satis menstrui infunde, ut colatura, in lagena 
recepta, centum partes efficiat. 8. Alcoholem et aquam misce, calen- 
dulae pulverem crassum decern partibus hujus misturae humecta. 9. 
Turn in colo vitreo preme, et menstruum infunde. 10. Rectam form- 
ulam habes:—memoria melior est quam heri. 11. Nunc iterum 
responde. 12. Quae sunt pondera proportionalia raateriarum tinc- 
1 Erat mihi in animo—I intended; lit.—it was in mind to me. 128 
RELATIVE, INTERROGATIVE AND INDEFINITE PRONOUNS. 
tunc cardamomi composite ? 13. Recipe cardamomi grana ducenta 
octogiuta, cinnamomi grana ducenta octogiuta, cari grana centum 
quadraginta, cocci grana septuaginta, glycerini unciam et 
semiunciarn, alcoholis quantum sufficit. 14. Bene ; memoria nunc 
est optima; quantum autem alcoholis sufficit ? 15. Istud eras tibi 
dicam. 
Exercise. 81. 
1. Name the ingredients in the tincture of capsicum. 2. I don’t 
know them. 3. Is there any one present1 who knows ? 4. There 
is a certain boy present who remembers. 5. He is the same boy 
who told us yesterday about the tincture of aconite,—not that 
tired boy. 6. Yonder2 boy in the corner knows. 7. Proceed, my 
boy, while the rest of us attentively listen. 8. Take five parts of 
the powder of capsicum, ninety parts of alcohol, and five parts of 
water. 9. Moisten the powder with three parts of the menstruum, 
pack in a similar vessel and percolate in the same manner as3 we 
did the tincture of belladonna. 10. Is there any one who will tell 
us the formula for the compound tincture of catechu? 11. What! 
does no one know? All are silent as fishes. 12. And yet this 
formula is not more difficult than the others. 13. Now, prick up 
your ears and attend, and I will tell you. 14. Take twelve parts 
of the powder of catechu, eight parts of the powder of cinnamon, 
and eighty parts of diluted alcohol. 
165. Nugce. 
Scena Prima in Ludo Medicmse: Duo condiscipuli juniores, 
superbi et elati ob titulura expectatura, conveniunt in campo, et 
sic inter se agunt. “ Salve, medice,” inquit alter. “ Salve, med- 
ice,” alter respondit. “ Quomodo vales, hodie, medice ? ” “ Bene 
valeo, medice.” “ Quomodo tu vales, medice ? ” “ Optime, med- 
ice.” “ Dies pulcher, medice.” “ Perpulcher, medice.” “ Vale, 
medice.” “ Vale, medice.” Turn discedunt superbiores quod de- 
sideratum titulum saepe audiverunt. 
1 Adest-ne aliquis. 2 Ille puer. 
3 Eodem modo quo belladonna; tincturam. RELATIVE, INTERROGATIVE AND INDEFINITE PRONOUNS. 
129 
166. Rule of Syntax.—Duration of time and extent of space are 
expressed by the accusative: Ruer in schola, ires annos erat, the 
boy was in school three years: Nix quatuor pedes alia, snow four 
feet deep. 
Vocabulary. 35. 
At, conj hut, hut yet, hut then. 
Denique, adv finally, lastly. 
Exhaurio, 4. -hausi, -haustum, tr draw out, exhaust. 
Extraho, 3, extraxi, extractum, tr draw forth, extract. 
Infusio, -onis, F a pouring in, infusion. 
Medicamentarius, -a, -um, adj pertaining to medicine. 
Modice, adv moderately. 
Perdo, 3, perdidi, perditura destroy, ruin. 
Paene, adv almost, nearly. 
Rependo, 3, rependi, repensum, tr weigh hack, pay hack, return. 
Spissitas, -atis, f thickness, consistency. 
Exercise. 82. 
1. Dominus et adjutor in officina extracta parant. 2. Domine, 
est-ne hoec recta formula extract! colocynthidis compositi? 3. 
Re pete, si placet, et tibi dicam. 4. Recipe extracti colocynthidis 
uncias octo, aloes uncias viginti quinque, cardamom! pulveris tres 
uncias, reslnae scammonii pulveris uncias septem, saponis crasse 
pulverati uncias septem, alcoholis uncias fluidas sex. 5. Nonne est 
longa formula? Paene e memorial effugerat. 6. Istud non est curse 
mihi. Nunc celeriter secundum formulam para illud extractum. 
7. Magna cum cura autem perge; quod, si aliquid perdes, totum 
damnum rependes. 8. At formula haec, domine, est longa et diffi- 
cilis, et non longa experientia mea. 9. Nonne vero in schola 
pharmaceutical duos annos eras? Nihil-ne omnino in ilia schola 
didicisti? 10. Extractum igitur para sine darano medicamento- 
rum, vel ego aliquid ex te extrahara. 11. Dum tu illud extractum 
paras, ego glycyrrhizse extractum purum parabo. 11. Hoec est 
formula: “ Recipe glycyrrhizae pulveris partes centum, aquae am- 
monia partes quindecim, aquae destillatse trecentas partes.” 12. 
Ammoniae aquam cum trecentis partibus aquae destillatse misce. 130 
RELATIVE, INTERROGATIVE AND INDEFINITE PRONOUNS. 
13. Htec mistura est menstruum. Pulverem centum menstrui 
partibus liumecta et boras viginti macera. 14. In cylindrato colo 
vitreo modice prerae, et infunde, prirnum, reliquum menstruum, 
delude, aquam destillatam donee glycyrrbiza exhausta est. 15. 
Denique aquae balneo infusionem ad spissitatem massae pilularum 
evapora. 
Exercise. 83. 
1. The formula for the compound fluid extract of sarsaparilla 
consists of seven things. 2. Four of these things are powders. 
3. The quantity of each powder is this; of sarsaparilla, thirty- 
seven and a half ounces; of glycyrrhizae, six ounces; of sassafras, 
five ounces; of mezereum, one and a half ounces, 4. The remain- 
ing ingredients are three and one-fourth ounces of glycerin and 
a sufficient quantity of alcohol and water. 5. Mix one part of 
alcohol with two parts of water. 6. Mix the glycerin with seven- 
teen ounces of alcohol and thirty ounces of water. 7. This mix- 
ture is the menstruum. 8. Moisten the powders with twenty 
ounces of this mixture, and pack it firmly in a cylindrical perco- 
lator. 9. When the liquid begins to drop from the percolator, 
close the lower opening. 10. Macerate for forty-eight hours. 
11. Then percolate, adding gradually, first, the remainder of the 
menstruum, and then the mixture of alcohol and water, until the 
powder is exhausted. 
167. FOR TRANSLATION. 
Cato de vi medicamentosa brassicoe. 
Et prirnum scito, de omnibus brassicis nulla est illiusmodi medi- 
camentosior. Ad1 omnia vulnera et tumdres, earn contritam im- 
ponito. Hsec2 omnia ulcera purgabit sanaque faciet sine dolore. 
Eadem3 tumida4 concoquit,5 eadem erumpit. Eadera3 vulnera 
1 For all wounds and swellings. 2 Hsec (brassica). 
3 It also; lit.—the same (brassica) 
* Tumida (ulcera) when swollen. 6 Ripens, brings to a head. COMPOUNDS OF SUM. 
131 
putida, canceresque purgabit, sanosque faciet; quod1 medica- 
mcntum aliud facere non potest.2 Yerum priusquam id imponas, 
aqua calida multa lavato. Postea bis in die contritam imponito. 
Eaomnem putorem adimet. In3 ea vulnera hujusmodi brassicam 
terito, sana faciet. 
Optima est ad hujusmodi yulnus. Et siquod luxatum 4 est, bis 
die aqua calida foveto, brassicam tritam opponito, cito sanurn fa- 
ciet. Si bis die apponitur dolores auferet. 
Et siquid contusum est, crumpet, si brassicam tritam apposueris, 
et sanum faciet. 
Before learning the compounds of sum, review the paradigms 
of all the pronouns. 
CHAPTER XXXIY. 
168. COMPOUNDS OF SUM 
Possum is compounded of potis, able, and sum. Polls is every- 
where shortened to pot; then t is changed to s before s, and the J 
of fai, fueram, etc., is dropped after t. 
169. Possum, posse, potui—be able, can. 
INDICATIVE. 
Present Tense.—I am able, can, etc. 
SUBJUNCTIVE 
SINGULAR. 
PLURAL. 
SINGULAR. 
PLURAL. 
possum, 
potes, 
potest. 
possumus, 
potestis, 
possunt. 
possim, 
possis, 
possit. 
possinms, 
possitis, 
possint. 
Imperfect.—I was able, could, etc. 
poteram. 
poteramus. 
possem. 
possemus. 
1 Quod for id quod—that which. What is the real antecedent of quod? 
2 Potest—is able. 3 For these wounds. 
4 If anything has been displaced; if there has been a dislocation. 132 
COMPOUNDS OF SUM. 
Fature.—I shall be able, etc. 
potero. poterimus. 
Perfect.—I have been able, could, etc. 
potui. potuimus. 
Pluperfect.—I had- been able, could have, etc. 
potuerim. potuerimus. 
potueram. 
potueramus. 
potuissem. 
potuissemua. 
Future Perfect.—I shall have been able, etc. 
potuero. potueriruus. 
INFINITIVE. 
Present. 
Perfect. 
posse, to be able. 
170. Prosum, prodesse, profui—benefit. 
potuisse, to have been able. 
Prosum is compounded of pro, prod, for, and sum, to be. The 
d of prod is retained before e. 
INDICATIVE. 
SUBJUNCTIVE. 
SINGULAR. 
PLURAL. 
Present Tense.—I benefit, etc. 
SINGULAR. 
PLURAL. 
pr5-sum, 
prod-es, 
prod-est. 
pr5-sumus, 
prod-estis, 
pro-sunt. 
pro-sim, 
pro-sis, 
pi'5-sit. 
pro-simus, 
pro-sitis, 
prosint. 
prod-eram. prod-eramus. 
Imperfect. 
Future. 
prod-essem. prod-essemus. 
prod-ero. prod-erimus. 
pr5-fui. 
pr5-fuimus. 
Perfect. 
pr5-fuerira. pro-fuerimus. 
Pluperfect. 
pr5-fueram. pro-fueramus. 
Future Perfect. 
pro-fuissem. pro-fuissemus. 
pro-fuero. pro-fuerimus. 
IMPERATIVE. 
Pres, prod-es. prod-este. 
1 Fut. prod-est5. prod-estote. COMPOUNDS OF SUM. 
133 
INFINITIVE. 
Pees, prod-esse. Peep, pro-fuisse. Put. pr5-futurus esse. 
PARTICIPLE. 
171. The other compounds of sum are inflected like the simple 
verb. 
Put. pro-futurus. 
Learn the tenses of the indicative, imperative and infinitive of 
possum and prosum. 
172. Rule of Syntax.—The compounds of sum, except possum 
and absum, all take the dative; but insum is often followed by in 
with the ablative, and intersum by inter with the accusative. 
Yocabulaey. 36. 
Auxilium, -i, N aid, assistance. 
Chemia, -se, F chemistry. 
Conductus, -a, -um (partic. conduco) . induced, persuaded, hired. 
Inscientia, -ae, f ignorance. 
Leviter, adv lightly. 
Nisi, conj if not, unless. 
Obsum, -esse, -fui (ob and sum) ... he against, opposed to, injure. 
Prsesum, -esse, -fui (prse and sura). . he before, at the head of, command. 
Prosum,-desse,-fui (pro and sum) . . he useful, benefit. 
Possum, posse, potui (potis and sum) . he able, can. 
Scientia, -se, f. . knowledge, skill. 
Superfundo, 3, -fudi, -fusum, tr.. . . pour aver or upon. 
Simplex, -ids, adj simple. 
Et et both and. 
Neque neque neither nor. 
Ne quidem not even. 
Exeecise. 84. 
1. Chemia his temporibus medicamentario valde prodest. 2. 
Sine auxilio ejus vix potest negotio processe. 3, Inscientia chemise 
et1 medicamentario et1 negotio oberit. 4. iEque proderit etiam fere 
omnes formulas pharmacopoeise bene scire. 5 Si dominus est ignarus, 
adjutor mercede conductus magno negotio medicamentario ejus 
i Et et, both and , 134 
COMPOUNDS OF SUM. 
prseerit. 6. Dominus ipse, in officlna sua, pro pudor! adjutori suo 
subjectus erit. 7. Adjutor chemise et pharmacopoeia in schola dili- 
genter studebat, et formulas multas tentabat. 8. Dominus autem 
potest harum formularum ne simplicissimas quidem parare. 9. Recipe 
aurantii amari pulveris partes viginti, alcoholis diluti octoginta; 
10. Pulverem diluti alcoholis partibus viginti humecta, horas 
viginti quatuor macera, in colo cylindrato leviter preme, et alco- 
holem dilutum gradatim superfunde donee partes centum paiatse 
sunt. 11. Recipe arnicse florura pulveris partes viginti, alcoholis 
diluti partes octoginta, et eodera modo quo priore formula, para. 
12. Has et similes formulas indoctus dominus usurpare non potest, 
prsecipue scriptas Latine. 13. Nisi hoc facere discit, adjutor ejus 
peritus mox dominus erit. 
Exercise. 85. 
1. A knowledge of chemistry is a benefit to the druggist, 2. 
He cannot well be at the head1 of his business without it. 3. An 
untaught druggist will injure both2 himself and2 business. 4. He 
ought to know well the formulas of the pharmacopoeia. 5. Will 
he be able to read them when3 written in Latin ? 6. He will also 
receive many prescriptions written in Latin. 7. If he cannot read 
them, he certainly cannot prepare them, 8. He cannot then4 be 
at the head of his owrn business. 9. This ought to be a great dis- 
grace to the proprietor. 10; He receives this simple prescription: 
R.—Opii pulveris gr. ii. 
Acidi tannici g ss.5 
Sacchari albi g i. 
M.—et div. in pulv. xii.6 
11. O shame! he can neither understand it nor prepare it 
12. Will not the clerk soon be master ? 
1 Be at the head, prasesse. 2 Both arid, et et. 3 Omit, 
4 Igitur. 6 Seiui-dracbmam. 8 Misce et divide in pulveres duodecim. DEPONENT VERBS. 
135 
CHAPTER XXXV. 
174. First and Second Conjugations. 
173. DEPONENT VERBS. 
175. Deponent verbs have the forms of the passive voice, with 
the meaning of the active. There are deponents of each of the 
four regular conjugations : Medians bonus cegrotis condtur mederi, 
the good physician endeavors to cure the sick. Audi multa, lo- 
quere pauca, listen much, say little : hear many things, speak few. 
Review the passive indicative, imperative and infinitive of the 
first and second conjugations. 
Attingo, 3, -igl, -tactum, tr touch, arrive at. 
Claudico, 1, intr halt, be lame. 
Conor, -ari, -atus sum, dep try, attempt, endeavor. 
Cogito, 1, -avi, -atum, intr. think, ponder, meditate. 
Claudo, 3, -si, -sum, tr close, shut. 
Casus, -us, M fall, mishap, chance. 
Diphtheria, -ae, F diphtheria. 
Efficio, 3,-feci,-fectum, tr. effect, cause, make. 
Funda, -ae, F a bag. 
Faux, faucis, f gullet, pharynx, throat. 
Festino, 1, -avi, -atum, intr. and tr. . . hasten. 
Fragor, -oris, M breaking, noise, explosion. 
Laedo, 3, laesi, laesum, tr hurt, injure. 
Medeor, -eri, dep heal, cure, remedy (w. dat.). 
Medicor, -ari, -atus sum, dep heal, cure, remedy (w. dat.). 
Opitulor, -ari, atus sum, dep bring help, aid, succor. 
Pulsus, -us, m a beating, the pulse. 
Profunde, adv profoundly. 
Quatio, 3, , quassum, tr shake, toss. 
Ramentum, -i, n shred, piece. 
Sedo, 1, -iivi, atum, tr allay, quiet, ease. 
Sulphuratus, -a, -um, adj impregnated with sulphur, sulphurous. 
Vena, -ae, F vein. 
Videor, -eri, visus sum, dep seem, appear. 
Volvo, 3, volvi, volutum, tr roll, ponder, think. 
Vestis, -is, F garment, clothing. 
Vocabulary. 37. 136 
DEPONENT VERBS. 
Exercise. 86. 
De experiment empiricl. 
1. Empiricus indoctus segrotis conatur mederi, non scientia 
medicinte, sed experimentis. 2. E multis experimentis hoc recen- 
tissimum videtur. 3. Puer parvus segrotissimus fuit diphtheria. 
4. Aliquo casu misero empiricus arcessitus est. 5. Pulsura ve- 
narum tegri attingebat, linguara et fauces inspiciebat, oculos suos 
clausit, caput sapienter quatiebat, profundissime cogitare videbatur. 
6, Turn, quasi notionem novam ceperat, cito scripsit hoc prsescrip- 
tum: 
Recipe,—Potassii chloratis drachmas duas, 
Sulphuris sublimati drachmas duas, 
Glycerin! unciara imam, 
Aquae purae uucias tres. 
7. Sic secum volvebat1 “ Potassii chloras et sulphur faucibus med- 
icabuntur et febrem sedabunt, glycerinum ulcerationem opitulab- 
itur, aqua medicamenta solvet. 8. Hoc prsescriptum optimum 
est, et cito prceparabo.” Sic dicens ad officinam festinavit. 10. 
Superbus et elatus scientia, in mortario medicamenta posuit, et 
terere pistillo incipiebat, quum subito horribilis fragor fuit, et 
posthac ille empiricus, glaber et altero oculo captus 2 male claudi- 
cat. 11. Illo experimento aliquid didicit. 12. Nunquam ilia re- 
pugnantia medicamenta iterum miscere conabitur. 
1. The quack, through lack of knowledge, often endeavors to 
mix incompatible remedies. 2. He purchased some3 chlorate of 
potassium troches, and put them in his pocket.4 He afterwards 
carelessly put some 3 matches5 in the same pocket. 4. Soon there 
was a frightful explosion in that pocket, and the quack was badly 
hurt. 5. But he does not seem to have learned much by the ex- 
perience. 6. For, a few days afterwards he tried to mix chlorate 
of potassium with tannic acid and sugar. 7. This caused another 
Exercise. 87. 
1 Sic secum volvebat—thus he thought to himself. 2 Blind in one eye. 
3 Omit. 4 Funda vestis. 6 Ramcnta sulphurata. DEPONENT VERBS. 
137 
terrible explosion. 8. He is now trying to heal himself. 9. He 
cannot do this even. 10. If a patient of his, by any chance, re- 
covers, the quack will deserve no praise. 11. Wherever he is, 
somebody is always in danger. 12. For, if he does not kill his 
patient, he will probably injure himself. 
Libum hoc modo facito. Casei pondera duo bene disterat1 in 
raortario. Ubi bene distriverit, farinse siliginese libram, aut si 
voles2 tenerius esse, selibram similaginis solum eodem indito3 per- 
miscetoque cum caseo bene. Ovum unum addito, et una4 permis- 
ceto bene. Inde panem facito. Folia subdito. In foco caldo sub 
testu coquito leniter. 
Cato's Recipe for Birth-day Cake. 
CHAPTER XXXVI. 
176. DEPONENT VERBS. 
THIRD AND FOURTH CONJUGATIONS 
177. Rule of Syntax.—The deponents utor,fruor, fungor, potior, 
vescor and their compounds take the ablative: Plurimis rebus 
fruimur et utimur, we enjoy and use very many things. Magna 
prcedd potitus est, he obtained great booty. Lade et came vesce- 
hantur, they lived upon milk and flesh. 
Compare the translation of these examples with the Latin. 
178. Rule of Syntax.—Verbs of remembering and forgetting take 
the genitive or accusative: Meminit prceteritorum, he remembers 
the past. Memineram Paullum, I remembered Paullus, Ohlltus 
sum mei, I have forgotten myself. Totam causam ohlltus est, he 
forgot the whole case. Reminisci virtutis, to remember virtue. 
Ea reminiscere, remember those things. Flagitiorvm recorddri, 
to recollect base deeds. Triumphos recorddri, to recall triumphs. 
1 Bene disterat—let one thoroughly grind. 
3 Eodem indito—put in the same. 
2 Shall wish. 
4 Una, ady.—together. 138 
DEPONENT VERBS. 
179. Neuter pronouns and adjectives are commonly put in the 
accusative. 
Review the passive indicative, imperative and infinitive of the 
third and fourth coujugations. 
Vocabulary. 38. 
Adipiscor, adipisci, adeptus sum, dep. • • get, obtain, secure. 
Adjuvo, 1, -avi, -atum, aid, assist. 
Abutor, abuti, abusus sum, dep. abuse, misuse. 
Contra, prep. w. acc against, contrary to. 
Contra adv on the contrary, on the other hand. 
Consilium, -i, n Plan< counsel, advice. 
Cyathus, -i, smal1 cup, wineglass. 
Cutis -is, skin, complexion. 
Do, ditre, d6di, datum, give. 
Finio, 4, -ivi, -itum, tr limit, end. 
Fruor, frui, fruitus and fructus sum, dep. . enjoy. 
Galla, -as, f. „ oak-apple, gall-nut. 
Medius, -a, -um, adj middle, intermediate, medium. 
Obliviscor, oblivisci, oblitus sum, dep. . . forget. 
Oleo, 2, -ui, , intr emit a smell, smeU of, smack of. 
Potior, -iri, -itus sum, dep. get possession of, enjoy. 
Proavus, -i, great-grandfather, ancestor. 
Pulpamentum, -i, n a dainty bit, dainty food. 
Recordor, 1, -ari, -atus sura, dep recall, recollect. 
Ratio, -onis, f reason, system, plan, course. 
Rapum, -i, N turnip. 
Sequor, 3, sequi, secutus sum, dep follow, come after. 
Tus and thus, -uris, F frankincense. 
Utor, 3, uti, usus sura, dep use, employ. 
Yescor, 3, -i, , dep feed upon, subsist upon. 
Exercise. 88. 
1. Romani multis remediis utebantur quibus nos quoque utimur. 
2. Hsec duo remedia Celsi recordor. 3. “Ad lateris dolores 
finiendos,1 piperis, aristolochiae, nardi, myrrhae pares portiones ” 
(recipe). 4. “ Vocem adjuvat turis drachma in duobus cyathis 
vini data.” 5. Aegrotus medicum non obliviscebar cujus consilio 
1 Ad finiendos, for ending. NUMERAL ADJECTIVES. 
139 
stepe fruitus est. 6. Sapiens medicus recordabitur medicamenta 
antiquorum et optimis utetur. 7. Num obliviscetur ea re media 
quibus Celsus utebatur ? 8. Celsus ad cutem purgandam hoc 
praescriptum dedit. 9. “ Cutem purgat mel, sed magis, si est cum 
galla, vel ervo, vel lehticula, vel marrubio, vel iride, vel ruta, vel 
nitro, vel aerugine.” 10. Si autem hoc praescriptum Romanarum 
mulierum cutem purgabat, nonne nostrae utentur? 11. Immo vero 
eo, et omnibus aliis, et1 veteribus et novis, utentur et fruentur. 
1. The old physician often uses old reinedies, not because they 
are best, but because they are old. 2. He easily remembers the 
old, but soon forgets the new. 3. He enjoys a formula of Celsus 
because it smacks2 of the wisdom of the ancients. 4. The young 
physician, on the other hand, likes to use all the new remedies. 
5. The new are best because they are the latest. 6. He often 
abuses Celsus and all his prescriptions. 7. Yet he will probably 
never attain the honor of the man whom he abuses. 8. The best 
course is the intermediate one. 9. He who follows the middle 
course will get possession of the business and pay of both. 10. He 
will live on dainties, they on turnips. 
Exercise. 89. 
CHAPTER XXXVII. 
180. NUMERAL ADJECTIVES, 
Cardinals. 
Ordinals. 
Distributives. 
1. unus, una, unum primus, first singuli, one by one, one each 
2. duo, duae, duo secundus, second bini, two by two, tivo.each 
3. tres, tria tertius, third terni (trini), three each, etc. 
4. quatuor quartus, fourth quaterni 
5. (quattuor) quintus, fifth quini 
6. sex sextus seni 
7. septem septimus septeni 
8. octo octavus ' octoni 
i Ei et, both and . 
2 Sapientiam antiquorum olet. 140 
NUMERAL ADJECTIVES. 
9. novem nonus noveni 
10. decem decimus deni 
11. undecim undecimus undeni 
12. duodecim duodecimus duodeni 
13. tredecim tertius decimus terni deni 
14. quattuordecim quartus decimus quaterni deni 
15. quindecim quintus decimus quini deni 
16. sedecim or sexdecim. sextus decimus seni deni 
17. septendecim septimus decimus septeni deni 
18. duodeviginti2 duodevicesimus duodeviceni 
19. undeviginti undevicesimus undeviceni 
20. viginti vicesimus viceni 
21 f viginti unus vicesimus primus viceni singuli 
(unus et viginti unus et vicesimus singuli et viceni 
22 Jviginti duo vicesimus secundus viceni bini 
(duo et viginti alter et vicesimus bini et viceni 
30. triginta tricesimus triceni 
40. quadraginta quadragesimus quadrageni 
50. quinquaginta quinquagesimus quinquageni 
60. sexaginta sexagesimus sexageni 
70. septuaginta septuagesimus septuageni 
80. octoginta octogesimus octogeni 
90. nonaginta nonagesimus nonageni 
100. centum centesimus centeni 
10i (centum unus centesimus primus centeni singuli 
(centum et unus. centesimus et primus centeni et singuli 
200. ducenti, -se, -a ducentesimus duceni 
300. trecenti trecentesimus trbceni, 
400. quadringenti quadringentesimus quadringeni 
500. quingenti quingentesimus quingeni 
600. sescenti (sexcenti) sescentesimus sesceni 
700. septingenti septingentesimus septingeni 
8Q0. octingenti octingentesimus octingeni 
900. nongenti nongentesimus nongeni 
1000. mille millesimus singula milia 
2000. duo milia bis millesimus bina milia 
100,000. centum milia centies millesimus centena milia 
1,000,000. decies centena milia decies centies millesimus decies centena milia 
1 Sometimes with the parts separated : “decem et tres,” etc. 
2 Literally, two from twenty, etc. NUMERAL ADJECTIVES. 
141 
181. Cardinal numbers answer the question how many ? Ordi- 
nals, which in order f 
182. The cardinals from quattuor to centum, inclusive, are inde- 
clinable. 
183. Unus is declined like bonus, except that it has the genitive 
and dative singular unlus, uni, like alius. 
184. Duo and tres are thus declined 
N., dud, duae, dub. tres, M. and r., tri&, N. 
G., duorum, duarurn, duorum. trium, trium. 
D., duobus, duabus, duobtis. tribus, tribus. 
A., duos, du5, duas, du6. tres, tria. 
Y., du5, duae, du6. tres, tria. 
A., duobus, duabus, duobus. tribiis, tribus. 
Duo, two. 
Tres, three. 
185. The hundreds, ducentl, etc., are declined like the plural of 
fluidus. 
186. Mille is indeclinable in the singular, and is sometimes an 
adjective and sometimes a noun ; mille homines, a thousand men; 
mille hominum, a thousand (of) men. The plural has the forms 
milia, milium, milibus, and is always a noun ; tria mllia hominum, 
three thousand men (three thousands of men). 
187. The ordinals are declined like fluidus. 
188. The distributives are used to show the number of objects 
taken at a time, and are often best rendered by adding to the car- 
dinal each or apiece; terms denarios acceperunt, they received each 
three denarii, or three apiece. 
189. Numeral adverbs answer the question how often? semel, 
once; bis, twice; ter, thrice, etc. 
190. The Partitive Genitive designates the whole, of which 
a part is taken ; medicince pars, a part of the medicine; nihil novi, 
nothing new (of new); nihil reliqui, nothing left (lit., of the rest) ; 
medicorum unus, one of the physicians; Quis vestrum, which of you f 
puerbram alter, one of the two boys, etc. 142 
NUMERAL ADJECTIVES. 
Vocabulary. 37. 
Crudus, -a, -um, adj crude, raw, fresh. 
Duplex, -icis, adj double, twofold. 
Derivo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr derive. 
Nonnullus* -a, -um, adj some one, some. 
Pertinax, -acis, adj very tenacious, grasping. 
Plurimi, -ae, -a, adj very many, the most, 
Plerique, -seque, -aque, adj most. 
Plus, pluris, adj., comp., of multus . . more. 
Cannabis, -is, F hemp. 
Ve, conj., enclitic or ; duo tresve, two or three. 
Vires, -ium, f. (plu. of vis.) strength. 
Indicus, -a, -um, adj Indian. 
1. Tres quattuorve menses jam, mi discipule, pharmacopoeiam 
pertractas: Quid scis de hac re? 2. Memoria mea non tenax 
est, praeceptor, et forsan multa oblitus sum. 3. Certe, mi puer, 
ista sunt;—“ errare humanum est,” etc.; nunc autem querere 
incipiam de pharmacopoeia illa cui quattuor menses operam dedisti. 
4. Quot officinalia abstracta sunt? 5. Undecim. 6. Qua in 
forma sunt ? 7. Pulveres fere semper sunt; dimidium etiam medica- 
menti pondus, et duplices vires fluidorum extractorum habent. 8. 
Recte, sed istud totum nondum quaero. Quot cerata sunt ? 9. 
Octo cerata sunt,—cerata camphorae, cantharidis, cet— 10. 
“ Satis, satis;—nomina eorum non quaero nunc.” Quot collodia 
sunt? 11. Quatuor solum sunt. Nomen a collodes derivatur, 
significans similitudinem collae. 12. Derivationes non quaero ;— 
in quaestione te tene. 13. Sunt-ne multae confectidnes et decocta of- 
ficinalia ? 14. Duae cujusque generis sunt. 15. Potes-ne nominare ? 
16, Confectiones rosae et sennae, decocta cetrariae et sarsaparillae 
sunt. 17. Quot extracta sunt omnino ? Triginta duo. 
Exercise. 90. 
1. Are the “solid extracts” really solid? 2. A few of them are 
solid, but most of them are of pilular1 consistence. 3. How many 
of the extracts are alcoholic ? 4. Only three are called alcoholic, 
Exercise. 91. 
1 Mass® pi 1 alarum spissitatem habent. NUMERAL ADJECTIVES. 
143 
—the extracts of conlum, belladonna and hyoscyamus. 5. The 
menstruum of the extract of conlum is diluted alcohol. 6. The 
other two have two parts of alcohol and one part of water as their 
menstruum. 7. A few of the others also have as much1 alcohol as 
these, or more. 8. What extracts have as much alcohol as these ? 
9. The extracts of digitalis and leptandra have the same quantity 
of alcohol? 10. Why are only a few, and not all, called alcoholic? 
11. Because we have also aqueous extracts of conium, belladonna 
and hyoscyamus, which are not official. 12. But hear this. The 
extracts of iris, podophyllum and rhubarb have three parts of alco- 
hol and one of water. 13. The extract of nux vomica has eight 
parts of alcohol and one of water. 14. The extracts of cannabis 
indica, mezereum and physostigma have a menstruum of pure alco- 
hol, and yet none of these are called alcoholic. 15. Then why call 
any of them alcoholic ? 
191. Suggestive Derivations. 
1. Digitalis, from digitus, finger, because its flower resembles a 
finger. 
2. Hyoscyamus, from the Greek words hys, a swine, and kyamus, 
a bean, swine-bean ; henbane, nightshade. 
3. Parotis, from the Greek words para, beside, and ous, gen. otos, 
the ear, the largest gland under the ear. 
4. Podophyllum, from the Greek words pous, gen. podos, the foot, 
and phyllum, a leaf, foot-leaf,—so called from its shape. 
5. Odontalgia, from the Greek odous, odontos, the tooth, and algeo, 
I suffer. 
6. Hydrotherapy, from the Greek hydor, water, and therapeia, 
medical treatment. 
7. Spectroscope, from Latin spectrum, a spectre, and Greek skopeo, 
I look upon. 
8. Scalpellum, from scalpere, to cut. 
* Tantum alcoholis quantum haec, vel plus, habent. 144 
IRREGULAR VERBS. 
CHAPTER XXXVIII. 
192. IRREGULAR VERBS. 
Yolo, velle, volul 
Nolo, nolle, nolui 
Malo, maile, malui 
be willing, will, wish, 
be unwilling, will not. 
be more willing, prefer. 
INDICATIVE. 
volo, nolo, malo. 
vjS) non vis, mavis, 
vnltj non vult, mavult, 
volumus, nolumus, malumus, 
vultis, non vultis, mavultis, 
volunt, nolunt, malunt. 
Imperfect. 
volebam, nolebam, malebam. 
Present Tense. 
volam, nolam, malam. 
Perfect. 
volui, nolui, malui. 
Pluperfect. 
volueram, ndlueram, malueram. 
Fvture Perfect. 
voluer5, noluero, maluero. 
Future. 
SUBJUNCTIVE. 
velim, nolim, malim, 
velis, n5lis, malis, 
veli»- nolit, malit, 
velimus, nolimus, malimus, 
velitis, nolitis, malitis, 
velint, nolint, malint. 
Present Tense. IRREGULAR VERBS. 
145 
Imperfect. 
vellem, 
velles, 
vellet, 
vellemus, 
velletis, 
vellent, 
nollem, 
nolles, 
nollet, 
nollemus, 
nolletis, 
nollent, 
mallem. 
malles. 
mallet, 
mallemus, 
malletis, 
mallent. 
Perfect. 
yoluerim, 
noluerim, 
Pluperfect 
malaerim. 
voluissem, 
noluissem, 
malaissem. 
IMPERATIVE. 
(wanting), 
Present. 
noli, 
nolite. 
(wanting). 
Future. 
(wanting), 
nolito, etc., 
(wanting). 
INFINITIVE. 
Present. 
nolle, 
Perfect. 
noluis.se, 
velle, 
malle. 
voluisse, 
maluisse. 
PARTICIPLE. 
Present. 
volens, 
nolens, 
(wanting). 
Learn the tenses of the indicative and infinitive of vblo, nolo an 
maid, and the imperative of nolo. 
Vocabulary. 38. 
Anglice, adv . in English. 
Confiteor, -eri, -fessus sum, dep confess, acknowledge. 
Elegans, -antis, adj elegant. 
Contumeliosus, -a, -um, adj abusive. 146 
IRREGULAR VERBS. 
Ignorantia, -se, F ignorance. 
Ineptus, -a, -am, adj undiscerning, absurd, foolish. 
Interpretatio, -onis, F interpretation, explanation. 
Ludo, 3, -si, -sum, tr. and intr play. 
Malo, malle, malui, be more willing, prefer, wmdd rather. 
Mandatum, -i, N mandate, command, direction, 
Nolo, nolle, nolui, be unwilling, will not. 
Neglectus, -a, -um, partic. and adj. . . . neglected, despised. 
Postscriptum, -i, N postscript. 
Ridiculus, -a, -um, adj laughable, ridiculous. 
Eemitto, 3, remisi, remissum, tr. • • • • send back, return. 
Significo, 1, -avi, aturn, tr signify, mean. 
Significatio, -5nis, r signification, meaning. 
Substituo, 3, -ui, -utura, tr put under, substitute. 
Yolo, velle, volui, be willing, will, wish. 
Vocabulum, -i, N word. 
Verto, 3, -ti, -sum, tr turn, translate. 
Exercise. 92. 
1. Qmdam puer linguam LatTnam diligenter discere nolebat. 2. 
Ludere semper in schola, nunquam discere volebat. 3. Sapiens 
tamen videri malebat quam ignorantiam confiteri. 5. In officina 
doraini multos errores faciebat. 6. Quondam ad officinam, in qua 
ille laborabat, hoc prsescriptum missum est: 
7. R —Decocti cascarillse uncias sex, 
Tincturse ejusdem unciam unam 
Misce. 
8. Nolens ignorantiam confiteri prsescriptum remisit, dicens, 
“ Tineturse ejusdem” non possum in urbe invenire! Quam aliara 
tincturam pro ea substituam ? ” 9. Alio tempore medicns pra> 
scripto addiderat hoc mandatum;—“ Sum. more diet.” volcns 
dicere, “ sumendum more dieto ; ” to be taken in the manner di- 
rected. 10. Ille ineptus sic intellexit; some more diet. 11. Turn 
hanc interpretationem elegantiorem scripsit: “ To he taken with a 
more liberal alloivance of food.” 12. Quis vestrum vult tarn iaeptus 
esse ? Verbum sap. 147 
THE IRREGULAR VERB FERO. 
1. I know a druggist who wishes to appear very wise. 2. He 
never learned Latin when a boy, and is now unwilling to con- 
fess his ignorance. 3. He, therefore, often makes mistakes, both 
ludicrous and serious. 4. This is one of his ludicrous mistakes. 5. 
A physician had prescribed linimentum terebinthince, and among other 
directions, had added this: “ Pro re nata.” 5. Unwilling to ask 
the meaning of the words, he drew out his neglected Latin books. 
6. He soon found this : Pro, for; Res, thing; Natus, -a, -um, born. 
7. Now he understands it,—-for the thing born. 8. But that is al- 
most abusive. 9. He will turn it to English* in much more elegant 
style. 10. So he adds to the prescription this postscript: 11. 
“ Rub the little infant with the liniment of turpentine.” 12. Will 
any of our pupils make a similar mistake ? 
Exercise. 93. 
De Musto. 
Mustum si voles totum annum habere, in amphoram mustum 
indito, et corticem oppicato, demittito in piscinam. Post tricesimum 
diem eximito. Totum annum mustum erit. 
Cato mustum sic servabat. 
CHAPTER XXXIX. 
193. THE IRREGULAR VERB EERO- 
Eero, ferre, tull, latum; bear, carry, endure. 
Active. 
INDICATIVE. 
Passive. 
Pres., f5ro, ferimus. feror, ferimur. 
fers, fertis. ferris or ferre, ferimini. 
fert, ferunt. fertur, feruntur. 
Imperf., ferebam. fSrebar. 
Ftjt., feram. ferar. 
Perf., tilli. latus sum. 
Plup., tuleram. latus eram. 
Fut. Perf., tulero. latus ero. 
♦ To turn to English, anglice vertere. 148 
THE IRREGULAR VERB EERO. 
Pres., feram. ferar. 
Imperp., ferrem. ferrer. 
Perf., tulerim. latus sim. 
Peup., tulissem. latus essem. 
SUBJUNCTIVE. 
Pres., fer,1 ferte. ferre. ferimini. 
Fut., ferto, fertote. fertor. 
ferto, ferunto. fertor, feruntor. 
IMPERATIVE. 
INFINITIVE. 
Pres., ferre. ferri. 
Perf., tulisse. latum esse. 
Fut., laturum esse. latum iri. 
Pres., ferens. . 
Fut., laturus. Ger., ferendus. 
. Perf., latus. 
PARTICIPLES, 
GERUND, 
G., ferendi. Ac, ferendum. 
D., ferendo. Ab., ferendo. 
Ac., latum. Ab., latu. 
SUPINE. 
194. Compounds of fero are conjugated like the simple verb. 
Vocabulary. 39, 
Adhibeo, 2, -ui, -itum.tr, | use’ empl 9ive’ admm 
l ister. 
Aufero, auferre, abstuli, ablatum [ab. (s)] . . . bear off, carry away. 
Ad-fero, adferre, attuli, adlalum, ad bear to, bring. 
Con-fero, conferre, contuli, collatum bring together, collect. 
Se conferre betake one's self. 
Cresco, 3, -evi, -etum, intr grow, increase. 
Cancer, -cri, m cancer, ulcer. 
Curatio, -onis, F cure, curing, taking care. 
Diffgro, differre, distuli, dilatum (dis, apart) . . \ bear apart' scatter’ post 
1 pone, put off. 
1 For fere; dico, duco, facie, fero have the imperative present, second singular, die, due, 
fac, fer. THE IRREGULAR VERB EERO. 
149 
Desidero, avi, -atum, tr, wish, long for, need. 
Ef-fero, efferre, extuli or etuli, elatum, [ex.] . . bear out, bring forth. 
Ex-seco, 1, exsecui, exsectum, tr cut out, cut away. 
Inseco, 1, insecui, insectum, tr cut into, cut open. 
Longus, -a, -um, adj long, tedious. 
Morior, mori and moriri, mortuus sum, dep. . . die. 
Miseria, <e, f misery, distress. 
Primo, adv., at first. 
Parotis, -idis, F a tumor of the parotid gland 
Patienter, adv patiently, with patience. 
Quamquam, conj although, though. 
Suf-fero, sufferre, sustfili, sublatum [sub.] . . . undergo, endure. 
Scalpellum, i, N lancet, scalpel. 
Tumor, -oris, M tumor, swelling. 
Exeecise. 94. 
1. Aufert, aufertur. 2. Auferet, auferetur. 3. Abstulit, abla- 
tus est. 4. Conferre, conferri. 5. Conferunt, conferuntur. 6. 
Confgrent, conferentur. 7. Contulerant, collati erant. 8. Distu- 
lerunt, dilati sunt. 9. Distulerit, dilatus erit. 10. Distulisse, di- 
latus esse. 11. Differebant, differebantur. 
1. We bear, we are borne. 2. We were bearing, we were borne. 
3. We have borne, we have been borne. 4. We shall bear, we 
shall be borne. 5. We bad borne, we had been borne. 6. Bear 
thou, bear ye. 7. To offer, to be offered. 8. Ye shall offer, ye 
shall be offered. 9. To have offered, to have been offered. 10. 
Ye offer, ye will offer. 11. Ye are offered, ye will be offered. 
1. Parotis feminee miserae gravem dolorem adferebat. 2. Neque 
cataplasma neque emplastrum generis ullius dolorem abstulit. 3. 
ACgra morbum patienter ferre didicerat. 4. Interim autem tumor 
crescebat, et in dies difficilius erat dolorem crescentem sufferre. 5. 
Clarus chirurgus arcessitus est. 6. Primo, miserse auxilium ad- 
ferre, et tumorem scalpello auferre, psene timebat. 7. At postquam 
legrdtse miseriam viderat auxilium ei libenter obtulit. 8. Paulu- 
lum chloroformi aegrote adhibitura est, et tum chirurgi benigni 
scalpellum insecuit tumorem et dolorem simul abstulit. 9. Quam- 150 
THE IRREGULAR VERB FERO. 
quara curatio quae scalpellum postulabat periculosa fuit, fernina 
non mortua est. 10. Chirurgus Isetus domain se contulit. 
Exercise. 95. 
1. Learn to endure severe pain with patience. 2. Learn to bear 
patiently what cannot be changed. 3. The surgeon’s knife brought 
aid to the weary patient. 4. Tedious to the sick is the delay which 
defers the time of cure. 5. Do not1 bring a patient that which he 
does not want. 6. Country physicians usually carry from home 
all their medicines with them. 7. The sick would'2 rather2 endure 
the surgeon’s knife than the pain of disease. 8. To cut out a can- 
cer is less painful than to bear it. 
For Translation—Celsus de pardtidibus. 
Heec (ulcera) in capite fere3 medicaraentis egent. Sub ipsis vero 
auribus oriri parotides solent; modo4 in secunda valetudine, ibi 
inflammatione orta5; modo4 post longas febres, illuc impetu morbi 
converse.6 Id abscessus genus est: itaque nullam novam caratio- 
nem desiderat. Animadversionem tantummodo hanc habet neces- 
sarian! : quia si sine morbo id intumuit, primum repriraentium7 
experimentum est; si ex adversa valetudine, illud inimicum est, 
maturarique et quam primum8 aperiri commodius est. 
1 Noll adferre. 2 Malunt. 8 Usually. 
4 Modo mod.—now now, at one time another. 
6 Orta (orior,—iri), etc., inflammation having arisen there. 
c The force of the disease being turned thither, 
t The first experiment or trial is of (drugs) which tend to repress it. 
8 Quam primum—as soon as possible. IRREGULAR VERBS. 
151 
CHAPTER XL. 
195. IRREGULAR VERBS. 
Eo, Ire, ii [m], Hum, go, 
Flo, fieri, foetus sum (used as pass, of jacid), be made, become. 
INDICATIVE. 
Pres., eo, imus. fio, fimus. 
is, itis. fis, fitis. 
it, eunt. fit, fiunt. 
Eo. 
Flo. 
Imper., ibam, fiebam. 
Fut., ibo, fiam. 
Perf., ii, factus sum, 
Plup., ieram, factus eram. 
Fut. Perf., iero, factus ero- 
SUBJUNCTIVE, 
Pres., eam, fiam. 
Imperf., irem, fierem. 
Perf., ierim, factus sim. 
Plup., iissem, factui essem. 
IMPERATIVE. 
Pres., I, Ite, fi, fite. 
Fut., ito. Itote, 
ito, eunto. 
INFINITIVE. 
Pres., ire, fieri. 
Perf., iisse, factum esse, 
Fut., iturum esse, factum iri. 
Pres., iens; gen., euntis. 
Fut., iturus, Ger., faciendus. 
Perf., factus. 
PARTICIPLES. 
GERUND. 
G., eundi. Ac., eundum. 
D., eundo. Ab., eundo. IRREGULAR VERBS. 
SUPINE. 
Ac., itum. 
Ab., itu. 
196. The root of eo, namely, I, is changed to e before a vowel, 
except in perf., plup. and fut. perf., and in nom. sing, of pres. part. 
197. Compounds of eo generally form the perfect in ii, instead 
of Ivi. 
198. The i of flo is long except when followed by er, and in fit 
Learn the tenses of the indicative, the imperative and the pres- 
ent and perfect infinitive of go and flo. 
Ante-eo, -Ire, -ii go before, surpass. 
Causa, se, F cause, reason. 
Commentarium, -i, N commentary. 
Cribro, 1, -avi, -atum, tr sift. 
Dispensatorium, -i, jj dispensatory. 
De, prep., w. ab. concerning, about, on. 
Ex-eo, -ire, -ii, -itum go out. 
Eo, Ire, ii [ivi], itum go. 
Fio, fieri, factus sum [sup. pass, o.'facio] . be made, become. 
Florens, -entis, adj flourishing, prosperous, successful. 
Imperitus, -a, um, adj ignorant of, unskilled. 
Inatteptus, -a, -um, adj inattentive. 
Nascor, nasci, natus sum, dep to be born, arise, appear. 
Propositum, -i, N purpose, aim, end. 
Pavimentum, -i, n pavement, floor. 
Red eo -ire, -ii, -itum .* go back, return. 
Subeo, -ire, -ii, -itum go under, enter, undergo. 
Verro, 3, verri, versum, tr sweep, sweep out. 
Vocabulary. 40. 
1. Nemo casu fit bonus medicamentarius. 2. Quidam puei 
pavimentum verrebat, ampullas lavabat, boratem cribrabat decem 
annos, et tamen non factus est medicamentarius. 3. Omnes 
labores serviles subibat, et domini officina exiit fere imperitus 
medicamentorum. 4. Quamquam hodie in officina sua est, neque 
negotio suo prse-est, neque unquam medicamentarius fiet. 5. 
Causa manifesta est ei qui intelligere vult. 6. Ille puer fuit negligens, 
inattentus, piger. 7. Neque sapiens natus est, neque aliquid discere 
Exercise. 96. IRREGULAR VERBS. 
153 
volebat. 8. Ad has qusestiones simplices de pharmacopoeia non 
potest respondere. 9. Quid est pharmacopoeia? 10. Habet-ne 
suam quisque populus eruditus pharmacopceiam ? 11, Quot cruda 
medicamenta et praeparationes in nostra pharmacopoeia continentur? 
12. Cur nomina medicamentorum Latine scribuntur? 13. Potes- 
ne tu, mi puer, ad has qusestiones respondere? 14. Cur hseres? 
Periit-ne tam cito omnis tua harum rerum scientia? 15. Ple- 
rosque studio debes ante-ire, si vis negotio magno prse-esse. 
Exercise. 97. 
1. Boys, you will never become good druggists by chance. 2. 
You ought to surpass others in study and diligence. 3. Are you 
willing to undergo the necessary labor ? 4. If you are not, it will 
be best to go back to your father at once. 5. A boy who was 
born tired will never make a successful druggist. 6. Can you 
answer the following simple questions? 7. What is a dispensa- 
tory ? It is a commentary on a pharmacopoeia. 8. What is its 
purpose? To give1 a correct knowledge of drugs, officinal and 
non-officinal. 9. How many dispensatories have we ? 10. Can 
you name them ? 
Aer, aSris, M air, atmosphere. 
Cuprum, -i, N copper. 
Comparativus, -a, -uni, adj. . . comparative, specific. 
Comperio, 4, -peri, -pertura, tr. . ascertain, find out. 
DIrainutio, -onis, p diminution, decrease, loss. 
Fragmen, -inis, N fragment, piece, bit. 
Gravitas, -atis, p. ...... . heaviness, weight. 
Ilydrometrum, -T, n hydrometer, inst. for deter, sp. grav. of fluids. 
Intendo, 3, -di, -turn, tr stretch, bend, apply. 
Liquidum, -i, N a liquid, fluid. 
Modus, -i, M measure, way, method, manner. + 
Norma, -se, P rule, standard. 
Par, -is, adj equal. 
Philosophus, i, M philosopher. 
Regula, -se, p rule. 
Ratio, -onis, P reckoning, method, way, manner of doing. 
Vocabulary. 41. 
1 Ut proebeat. 154 
IRREGULAR VERBS. 
Exercise. 98. 
1. Prseceptor et discipulus inter se colloquuntur, 2. P. Quot 
grana in fluida uncia sunt? 3. D. Quadringenta et quinquaginta et 
quinque et septies deciraa pars grani. 4. P. Bene. Nunc iterum 
responde: In uncia alcoholis quot grana sunt? 5. 1). Numerum in 
memoriam revocare conabor. In alcoholis uncia fluid a sunt, si 
memini recte, trecenta septuaginta tria grana et nonies decima 
pars grani. 6. P. Recte meministi iterum. Alia qusestione te 
teutabo. Pondus paris mensurae aquae est norma gravitatis. 7. 
P. Quomodo hac norma comparativam gravitatem alcoholis in- 
venies? 8. D. Communi regula utar, et pondus alcoholis pondere 
paris mensurae aquae dividam. Nonne est hie modus rectus? 9. 
P. Rectus est, certe. At quis hunc modum invenit? 10. D. 
Nescio certe; forsan Benjaminus Franklin, vel Franciscus 
Bacon, vel Christophorus Co—. 11. P. “Satis sunt ista; 
—conjecturavisti satis.” Archimedes erat vir qui hoc invenit, ille 
fere clarissimus omnium Graecorum philosophorum. 12. P. De 
illo leges posthac ; nunc ad pensura redibimus. 13. Si studio ani- 
mum intendes, cito ante-ibis plurimis, et peritissimus raedicamen- 
torum fies. 14. E schola primus et optimus tere omnium con- 
discipulorum exibis. 
Exercise. 99. 
1. How do yon find the specific gravity of a body heavier than 
water ? 2. Divide the weight of the body in air by the decrease 
of weight in water. 3. The weight of a piece of copper in the 
air is 8051 grains; in water, 7151 grains ; loss of weight, 90 grains. 
4. What, then, is the specific gravity of copper ? 5. How do you 
find the specific gravity of liquids? 6. We find the specific grav- 
ity of liquids by means of various kinds of hydrometers, 7. The 
special name of an instrument indicates its use. 8. Lactometer is 
derived from the words lac, milk, and metrum, a measure, and 
means an instrument with which we measure the specific gravity oi 
milk. IRREGULAR VERBS. 
155 
199. Suggestive Derivations. 
1. Christop horns, from Greek words Christos, Christ, and phero, 
I bear—Christ-bearer. 
2. Aerophobia, from aer, air, and phobos, fear—air-fear; dread 
of the air. 
3. Atrophy, from Greek a, not, and trepho, I nourish; the wast- 
ing away of tissue for want of nourishment, 
4. Antispasmodie, from Greek anti, against, and spasmos, a spasm. 
5. Hydrometrum, from the Greek words hydor, water, and me- 
trum, measure. 
6. Rhinoplasty, from Greek rids, gen. rhinos, nose, and plasso, I 
form, formation of a (new) nose. 
7. Hydromania, from hydor and mania, madness—water mad- 
ness ; insane desire to drown one’s self. 
8. Hydropneumonia, from hydor, and pneumon, lung—dropsy of 
the lungs. 
9. Lcevogyre, from Icevus (adj.), left, and gyro, I turn, “polariz- 
ing to the left.” 
For Translation. 
Celsus de curatione yulneris quod per morsum serpentis in 
fertur. 
Igitur in primis1 super vulnus id membrum deligandum2 est; 
non taraen nimiurn vehementer, ne torpeat :3 dein venenum extra- 
hendum est. Id cucurbitula optirae facit: neque alienum est, ante 
(= antea) scalpello circa vulnus incidere, quo4 plus vitiati jam san- 
guinis extrahatur. Si cucurbitula non est, quod tamen vix inci- 
dere potest, turn quidlibet simile vas, quod idem possit.5 Si ne id 
quidem est, homo adhibendus6 est, qui7 id vulnus exsugat. Quis- 
quis id vulnus exsuxerit. et ipse tutus erit, et tutum hominem pracs- 
tabit. 
1 In primis, first. 2 Must be hound. 3 Lest it become torpid. 
*Quo in order that. b Which is able to do the same thing. 
6 A man must be employed. 1 Qui exsugat, to suck out. 156 
PREPOSITIONS. 
CHAPTER XLI. 
200. PREPOSITIONS. 
Thus far several prepositions have been used in the exercises, 
some followed by the accusative and some by the ablative. 
201. Prepositions followed by the Ablative. 
A (before consonants) t , , 
Ab, abs (before vowels) } * 
Coram in presence of. 
Cum with. 
De from, concerning. 
E (before consonants) ) . , , 
„ V, , , , ' V out of, from. 
Ex (before vowels) / 
Pro before, for. 
Sine . without. 
Tenas (placed after the noun) as far as, up to. 
202. In, meaning into, to, towards, for, after verbs of motion 
takes the accusative. 
203. In, meaning in, on, at, after verbs of rest, takes the abla- 
tive. 
204. Sub, under, up to, after verbs of motion, takes the accusa- 
tive ; after verbs of rest, the ablative. 
205. All prepositions, except the ten mentioned, and in and sub 
are followed by the accusative only. 
206. Expressions of Place. 
Examine the following: 
1. In Italia in Italy. 
2. In monte on the mountain. 
3. Ad montem to the mountain. 
4. De castris from the camp, 
5. In castra to (or, into) camp. 
6. Ab urbe from the city. 
7. Fugit ex Corintho he fled from Corinth. 
8. Corinthi at (in) Corinth. 
9. A tlienis at (in) Athens. PREPOSITIONS. 
157 
10. Syracusis at (in) Syracuse. 
11. Carthagine at (in) Carthage. 
12. Romse at (in) Rome. 
13. Romam to Rome. 
14. Roma from Rome. 
207. Observe the ways of denoting the place in, on, at, to, from 
tvhich. 
208. Rule of Syntax.—The names of places not towns are gener- 
ally put : 
(1) In the accusative with ad or in to denote the placeto which. 
(2) In the ablative with ah, de, or ex, to denote the place from 
which. 
(3) In the ablative, to denote the place at or in which. 
209. The names of towns are put: 
(1) In the accusative, to denote the place to which. 
(2) In the ablative, to denote the place from which. 
(3) In the ablative, to denote the place at or in which. But the 
genitive is used of town-names ending in -a (1 decl.), -us, or -um 
(2 decl.) 
210. Domus, home, house, and rus, the country, have the same 
construction as the names of towns. 
Vocabulary. 42. 
Ara. artis, art- 
Antipyreticus, -a, -um, adj. . . antipyretic, tending to drive away fever. 
iEgrotatio, -onis, F sickness. 
Cerebralis, -e, adj cerebral, pertaining to the brain. 
Vallis, -is, F a valley. 
Familia, -se, f, ........ . family, household. 
Obsoletus, -a, -urn, adj old, worn out. 
Palus, -udis, F marsh, bog. 
Rus, ruris, N country. 
Recipio, 3, -epi, -cptura, tr.. . . take back, take again. 
Se recipere to betake one's self, to return. 
Redeo, 4, -ii, -itum, intr return, come back. 
Tectum, -i, covering, roof, house. 158 
PREPOSITIONS. 
Typhus, -i, M typhus fever. 
Typhus abdominalis typhoid fever. 
Tanacetum, -i, N tansy. 
Vesper, -is, M evening star, the evening. 
Viso, 3, visi, visum, tr see, visit. 
Xanthoxylum, -i, N '. . prickly ash, xanthoxylum. 
Exercise. 100. 
1. Est-ne juvenis medicus domi? 2, Non domi est; rus iit 
primo mane. 3. Vetus medicus autem, pater juvenis, domi est; 
is artem in urbe semper exercet. 4. Juvenis ad urbem vespere se 
recipiet. 5. Multa genera medicamentorum secum ex urbe rus 
extulit. 6. Multos aegros ruri vult visere antequam in urbem 
redit. 7. Omnis fere familia inter paludes habitans febrem 
intermittentem habet. 8. His aegrotis quininam, cinchoninam, et alio- 
rum antipyreticorum magnas doses dat. 9. Mulier vetula, quae in 
tecto obsoleto habitat, rheumatismo acuto laborat. 10. Ei primum 
magnesiae sulphatis, et opii plenas doses dabit; deinde magnas 
quoque doses quininae sulphatis, et acidorum sulphurici et sali- 
cylici. 
Exercise. 101. 
1. There is more sickness in the country now than in the city. 
2. Five doctors went out from the city to the country this morn- 
ing. 3. In a little mountain valley one doctor has sixteen patients 
sick with typhoid fever. 4. Among the marshes every family is 
suffering with intermittent fever. 5. The doctors carry with them 
many sorts of tonics and febrifuges. 6. When fevers abound, the 
careful physician will carry with him to the country many tonics. 
7. He will probably carry from home nitric acid, sulphuric acid, 
subnitrate of bismuth, cascarilla, cinchona, Colombo, quinine, 
quassia, gentian, eupatorium, lupulin, salicin, serpentaria and 
perhaps other tonics. 8. Most of these tonics and febrifuges are 
found in the fields and woods. 9. Wahoo, prickly ash, tansy and 
many similar tonics grow in the country. 
211. Suggestive Derivations. 
1. Antipyreticus, from anti, against, and pyr, fire, a febrifuge. PREPOSITIONS. 
159 
2. Astigmatism, from Greek a, not, and stigma, a point; irregu- 
lar refraction in the eye, in which the rays are not brought to a 
focus. 
3. Typhus, from the Greek word typhos, stupor. 
4. Strabismus, from Greek strahizo, to squint. 
5. Enterotyphus, from Greek enter on, intestine, and typhus, fever 
of the intestines. 
6. Hemiopsia, from Greek herni, half, and ops, an eye; a defect 
of vision in which only half of an object is seen. 
7. Xanthoxylon, from Greek words xanthos, yellow, and xylon, 
wood ; yellow-wood, prickly ash. 
8. Xanthopsis, from xanthos, yellow, and opsis, vision; yellow- 
vision, as sometimes occurs in jaundice. 
9. Xanthorrhiza, from xanthos,yellow and rklza,root; yellow-root. 
10. Xanthuria, from xanthos, and our on, urine. 
212. Celsus de Emplasiris. 
FOR TRANSLATION. 
Ex emplastris1 autem nulla majorem usum prsestant, quam quse 
cruentis protinus yulneribus injiciuntur. Haec enim reprimunt 
inflammatiouem, atque illius quoque impetura minuunt, turn gluti- 
nant yulnera quse id patiuntur, cicatricera iisdem2 inducunt. Con- 
stant autem ex medicamentis non pinguibus. 
Optimum ex his est, quod harharum vocatur. Habet seruginig 
rasse3 duodecira drachmas, spumse argenti viginti drachmas, 
aluminis, picis aridse, resinse pinese aridse, singulorum unam 
drachmam, quibus adjiciuntur olei et aceti singulse4 heminse. 
1 But of plasters. * And draw the newly formed skin over the same. 
8 Of scraped verdigris. 4 Singulae heminae, a half pint each. 160 
THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD. 
CHAPTER XLIL 
213. THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD. 
Learn the subjunctive of sum (39) and its compounds (168). 
214. Sequence of Tenses. 
215, The chief use of the subjunctive is in dependent clauses. 
216. In dependent clauses the tenses of the subjunctive conform 
to the following rule: 
217. jRule of Syntax.—Principal tenses depend upon principal 
tenses: secondary upon secondary. 
218. Examine carefully the following examples: 
1. Video quid facias, feceris, facturus sis, I see what you are do- 
ing, have done, are going to do. 
2. Vidi quid facias, feceris, facturus sis, I have seen what you 
are doing, have done, are going to do. 
3. Videbo quid facias, feceris, facturus sis, I shall see what you 
are doing, have done, are going to do. 
4. Videro quid facias, feceris, facturus sis, I shall have seen what 
you are doing, have done, are going to do. 
219. Notice that in the principal clauses of these examples the 
present, perfect definite (the perfect with have or has), future and 
future perfect are used. 
220. These are called the primary or principal tenses. 
221. Examine also the following: 
1. Videbam quid faceres, fecisses, facturus esses. I saw what 
you did, had done, were going to do. 
2. Yidi quid faceres, fecisses, facturus esses. I saw what you 
did, had done, were going to do. 
3. Videram quid faceres, fecisses, facturus esses, I had seen 
what you did, had done, were going to do. 
222. Observe that in the principal clauses of these examples the 
imperfect, the perfect indefinite (the perfect without have or has), 
and the pluperfect are used. THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD. 
161 
223. These are called the secondary or historical tenses. 
224. Notice also that the primary tenses of the subjunctive fol- 
low the primary tenses of the indicative in the first group of ex- 
amples, and secondary the secondary in the second group. 
225. You will also observe that the subjunctive in all these ex- 
amples is translated like the indicative. 
226. Quin (compounded of qui, who, and ne, not) is followed 
by the subjunctive after negative clauses denoting hindrance, re- 
sistance and doubt, as: 
Non dubito quin sapiens sis, I do not doubt that you are ivise; 
segre abstinui quin dicerera, I hardly refrained from saying; nihil 
impedit quin earn domum, Nothing prevents me from going home. 
Exercise. 102. 
Non est dubium quin discipulus studiosus sit. 2. Non dubito 
quin possit legere hoc prsescriptum ;—“ Recipe, sodse sulphatis un- 
ciam cum semisse, sodse phosphatis unciam, syrupi rhamni 
drachmas quattuor, aquae menthse piperitse uncias sex.” 3. Quid 
impSdit quin medicamentarius spiritum camphoratum possit hac 
formula parare ?—“ Recipe, camphorse unciam unam, spiritus vini 
rectificati lib ram unam. Misce.” 4. Non dubium est quin aliquis 
hac formula uti possit. 5. Hie puer non dubitat quin hsec sit for- 
mula recta ad spiritum lavanduhe parandum ; 1—■“ Recipe, florum 
lavan dulse lib ram unam, spiritus vini rectificati libras quattuor, 
aquse fontanse quantum satis. Post macerationem per vigiuti 
quattuor horas destillando elice libras quattuor.” 
Exercise. 103. 
1. What prevents the boy from being studious? 2. Nothing 
prevents him from being studious. 3. There is no doubt that he 
can turn this prescription to Latin:—“ Take a drachm of the 
tincture of opium, six ounces of the mucilage of acacia, two 
drachms of the spirit of nitric sether. Mix.” 4. I do not doubt 
that he can repeat in Latin the formula for preparing the tincture 
1 Ad parandum, for preparing. 162 
THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD. 
of cascarilla. 5. “ Take five ounces of bruised bark of cascarilla, 
two pounds of rectified spirit of wine; macerate, express and 
filter.” 
227. Suggestive Derivations, 
1. Gingivitis, from gingiva, the gums, and -itis, a termination 
denoting inflammation. 
2. Calefacients, from calidus, warm, and facere, to make ; sub- 
stances which excite warmth. 
3. Destillatio, from de, from, and stillare, to drop ; falling in 
drops. 
4. Desiceativa, from de and siecdre, to dry; external remedies 
which dry up the humors or moisture from a wound. 
5. Incineratio, from in and cinis, ashes ; a process by which ani- 
mal or vegetable substances are reduced to ashes. 
6. Piperoid, from piper, pepper, and eidos, resemblance ; resem- 
bling pepper. 
7. Hepatalgia, from Greek hepar, gen. hepatos, the liver, and algia, 
pain; pain in the liver. 
8. Torrefactio, from torridus, dry, or hot, and facere, to make; 
the act of making dry, by heat. 
CHAPTER XLIII. 
THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD-CONTINUED. 
Learn the subjunctive, active and passive, of amo, moneo, rego 
and audio. 
228. Observe the similarity of form in the corresponding tenses 
of the indicative, subjunctive and infinitive moods. 
229. Rule of Syntax.— Ut is used with the subjunctive to express 
a positive purpose, and ne, a negative purpose, and may be vari- 
ously translated. 
Examine the following :— 
iEger capit medicameutum ut convalescat, The patient takes vied• THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD. 
163 
icine that he may get well, in order that he may get well, so that he 
may get weh, to get well, for the purpose of getting well. 
Alius capit medicamentum ne seger sit, Another takes medicine 
that he may not be sick, in order not to be sick, so that he may not be 
sick, so as not to be sick, for the purpose of not being sick, lest he be 
sick. 
Exercise. 104 
1. Hie edit ut vivat, ille vivit ut edat. 2. Hie discipulus venit 
in scholam ut diseat, ilie ut ludat. 3. Cura, puer, ne ludas potius 
Vpiam studeas, et nihil discas. 4. Pensum hodiernum est de calore. 
Cur de hac nihil didicisti ? 5. Homo exii ut cum amico studerem, sed 
amicus exierat ut piscaretur, et ego nolens studere solus eum secu- 
tus sum. 6. Neglexistine igitur studium ut piscareris? 7. Nonut 
piscarer, sed ut de penso qusererem ex condiseipulo. 8. Bene in- 
telligo: At quid cepisti? 9. Nil. 10. Quid? Nil cepisti? Totum 
diem piscabaris et nil piscium cepisti,—et nil de calore didicisti! 
Pudet me tui! Yalde timeo, vagabunde, ne damno tuo de calore 
discas posthac! 11. Hue ventures eras hodie ut disceres et reci- 
tares de octo rebus in arte medicamentaria postulantibus vehemen- 
tissimum calorem. 12. Et tamen nil didicisti de ignitidne, fusione, 
calcinatione, deflagratione, torrefactione, incineratidne, et ceteris; 
—et nil piscium cepisti! 13. Culpam nunc video, magister, et eonfit- 
eor, et supplex oro ut mihi ignoscas. 14. Cras studebo ut omnia 
de evaporatione, destillatidne, desiccatione, exsiccatione, granule- 
tione, sublimatione discam, et pisces non capiam. 15. Bona proraissa. 
Cura ne frangas. Tibi ignoscam cum hac admonitione :—Quando- 
cunque aufugis a schola ut pisceris, provide ut capias, vel aliquid 
non jucundum expecta. 
1. Yesterday, my boy, you ran away from school to go fishing. 
2. To-day I intend to ask you a few questions in order to test your 
knowledge of the subject which we are studying. 3. What is dis- 
tillation ? 4. Distillation is the separation of one liquid from an- 
other by vaporization and condensation, the volatile1 part Doing the 
Exercise. 105. 
1 Volatili parte petlia 164 
THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD. 
object sought. 5. What is sublimation? 6. Sublimation is the 
process1 of distilling volatile solids. 7. Why do druggists often 
dry'2 medicinal substances3 ? 8. They do this to preserve4 them, to 
reduce5 their bulk, to facilitate6 their comminution. 9. Your an- 
swers are correct, boy, but where are your fish ? 
CHAPTER XLIV. 
THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD. 
230. Learn the subjunctive of eo,fero and volo. 
231. Rule of Syntax.—Many verbs signifying to please or dis- 
please, benefit or injure, command or obey, serve, resist, believe, 
threaten, persuade, and the like, take the dative : As, Prosunt sibi, 
they benefit themselves; placet mihi, it pleases me; nocet amlco, he 
inj ures his friend ; paret legi, he obeys the law; persuadet mihi, he 
persuades me; crede mihi, believe me. 
Exercise. 106. 
1. Me hortatur ut earn. 2. Eos hortamur ut ferant. 3. Mihi im- 
peras ut earn. 4. Mihi imperavit ut irem. 5. Mihi persuadet ne 
earn. 6. Non est dubium quin velint; voluerint. 7. Nemo dubi- 
tabat quin vellent; voluissent. 8. Ei persuasi ut legi pareret. 9. 
Non dubium erat quin mihi paruisset. 10. Imperavi ut amicus 
iret. 
1. He commands that we go ; bear ; be borne. 2. There is no 
doubt they will go. 3. He persuaded me to believe. 4. I had 
commanded him to go. 5. There is no doubt of his having gone. 
Vocabulary. 42. 
Aspersus, -a, -um, adj spattered, sprinkled. 
Aurora, -ae, f goddess <f morning, morning. 
Chemia, -ae, f chemistry. 
Capto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr catch at, strive to catch. 
1 Omit process of, and render destillatio solidorum volatilium. 
8 Exsiccant. 3 Ees. 4 Ut 6 Ut minuan. 
6 Ut comminutionem earum faciliorem faciant. THE SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD. 
165 
Defessus, -a, -um, adj tired out, weary. 
Debilis, -e, adj feeble, infirm. 
Elicio, 3, -ui, -itum, tr draw out, lure forth. 
Formica, -ae, f ant. 
Incensus, -a, -um, adj incensed, angry. 
Lutum, -i, N mud, mire. 
Macer, macra, macrum, adj haggard, lean, emaciated. 
Mundo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr cleanse, make clean. 
Opus, -3ris, n work, task. 
Postremo, adv at last. 
Pannosus, -a, -um, adj ragged, full of patches. 
Proavia, -ae, f great-grandmother. 
Quisquiliae, -arum, F trash, filth. 
Quamobrem, conj wherefore. 
Recenter, adv recently. 
Rufus, -a, -um, adj red, reddish, tawny. 
Yivus, -a, -um, adj live, living. 
Verbero, -ouis, M.. . . scoundrel, rascal. 
Exercise. 107. 
1. Quinquaginta annis abhinc Germanus medicamentarius 
valde incensus in officina sedebat. 2. Causa irae haec erat. 3. 
Tribus diebus ante servo imperaverat ut libras quattuor spiritus 
formicarum quam celerrime1 pararet. Quamobrem servum rus mise- 
rat ut duas libras vivarum formicarum rufarum colligeret, et eum 
j usserat ne rediret sine formicis. 5. Tertia aurora jam reverterat, 
nondum autem ille servus. 6. Postremo, occasu solis tertii diei, 
defessus, macer, claudus altero2 pede, aeger toto corpore,3 pulver- 
ulentus, luto aspersus, pannosus, ille miserrimus mortalium in offi- 
cinam domini claudicabat. 7. Tum dominus, plenus irae, magna 
voce exclamavit: “ Verbero miserrime, ubi fuisti? Cur morabaris 
tamdiu? Nonne imperavi ut quam celerrime redires?” 8. S. 
Certe quidem sic imperasti.4 At etiam imperasti4 ne ipse re- 
direm sine formicis. Totum fere tempus istas formicas rufas cap- 
Making Spirit of Ants fifty years ago. 
1 Quam celerrime, as quickly as possible. 2 Lame in one foot. 
Sick in his whole body. 4 For imperavisti. 166 
THE SUBJUNCTIVE. 
tabam. 9. D. Tres totos dies consumebas duas libras tantum ca- 
piens! Istain fabulam iiarra proa vise, ne mibi. Ego non credam. 
10. S. Tameu vera est. Nonne rufas formicas imperasti ut cape- 
rem? D. Certe. S. Et vivas? I). Certe, et mundatas ab omni- 
bus quisquiliis? D. Certe. 11. S. Debes igitur mibi credere. 
Primum enim invenire tantum numerum rufarum difficile est; 
deinde multo difficibus est capere vivas. Multas interfeci captans, 
multae mortuse sunt captse, multse dum mundabantur. 12. D. Bene 
explicate potes. Quot libras autem babes ? S. Duas tresve. D. 
Rufsene omnes? S. Omnes. D. Yivsene? 13. S. Sicputo;—erant 
vivse paucis boris abhinc;—ego autem vix vivus sum (or “ ego autem 
vix vivo”). 14. D. [Inspectans cum magna cura]. Plerseque 
vivse sunt: Hoc tempore tibi ignoscam. I nunc et spiritum mibi 
quam celerrime para. 
1. To prepare spirit of ants fifty years ago was a difficult task. 
2. The servant was ordered to collect two pounds of live red ants. 
8. He was then commanded to cleanse them from all filth, and 
use the following formula: 4. “ Take two pounds of recently 
collected live red ants, four pounds each of rectified spirits of 
wine and spring water. 5. Draw off four pounds by distilling1 
over a slow fire.” 6. This formula is not in the American phar- 
macopoeia. 7. By the aid of chemistry the druggist now prepares 
spirit of formic acid in a much easier way. 8. Chemistry has 
furnished him many valuable remedies. 
Exercise. 108. 
CHAPTER XLV. 
THE SUBJUNCTIVE—CONTINUED. 
232. Purpose is also often expressed in Latin by means of a 
relative pronoun followed by the subjunctive : Misit filium qui 
medicum consuleret, he sent his son to consult the physician. 
1 Destillando leni igne. THE SUBJUNCTIVE. 
167 
233. The ablative is often used to denote a characteristic or 
quality. When thus used it is modified by an adjective : summd 
virtute juvenis, a young man of the highest virtue ; Medicus magno 
rerum iisv, a physician of great experience. 
234. This is sometimes called the descriptive ablative. 
235. The genitive also has a similar use : medicamentum magni 
'pretii, medicine of great value; vir maximi consilii, a man of very 
great prudence. 
Cribrum, -i, k 
Culter, -tri, M knife. 
Flexilis, -e, adj flexible. 
Febrilis, -e, adj producing fever. 
Ingredior, -di, -gressus sum, dep enter, begin. 
Inaequalis, -e, adj . unequal, uneven. 
Lamina, -se, f plate, blade, layer. 
Mola, -se, F mill. 
Macula, -se, F spot, mesh in net or sieve. 
Metior, -iri, -itus sum, dep. tr measure. 
Tenuitas, -atis, F fineness, thinness. 
Vocabulary. 43. 
1. Agricola misit puerum qui medicum arcessiret. 2. Medicus 
arcessitus est qui agricolae filiam viseret. 3. Medicus ipse non 
venit, sed remisit hoc praescriptum quod aegram sanaret: 4. “ Sumat1 
aegra quininae quindecim grana antequam paroxysmus febrilis 
ingreditur.” 5. Mola medicamentaria est instrumentum quo 
medicamenta comminuantur.2 6. Medicus servo dedit pistillum et 
mortarium quibus medicamenta contunderet.2 7. Medicamentarii 
habent cribra inaequalibus maculis quae tenuitatem pulverum 
metiantur. 8. Spatula est culter lamina lata et flexili quo medici 
praeparationes moveant et misceant. 9. Agricolae filius in officinam 
venit qui magnesiae citratis liquorem emeret. 10. Dominus misit 
adjutorem, juvenem parvo medicamentorum usu,3 qui liquorem 
pararet. 
Exercise. 109. 
1 Let the patient take. 2 Sub after rel. of purpose. 
3 Of little experience in drugs. 168 
THE SUBJUNCTIVE. 
CHAPTER XLVI. 
THE SUBJUNCTIVE CONTINUED—UT AND NE. 
In the last few lessons the subjunctive with ut has been used to 
express purpose. 
236. It is also often used with ut to denote result. Examine the 
following: 
1. Nitricum acidum est tam forte ut ferrum exedat, nitric acid 
is so strong that it eats away iron. 
2. Tanta vis veneni fuit ut virum statim interficeret, so great 
was the strength of the poison that it killed the man immediately. 
8. Accidit ut medicus non veniret, it happened that the physician 
did not come. 
287. Examine also the following; 
1. Timeo ut medicus veniat, I fear that the doctor will not come 
or is not coming. 
2. Timeo ut medicus venerit, I fear the doctor has not come. 
3. Timebam ut medicus venisset, I feared the doctor had not 
come. 
4. Timeo ne veniat, 1 fear that he is coming or will come. 
5. Timeo ne venerit, I fear that he has come. 
6. Timui ne venisset, I feared that he had come. 
238. Observe that after verbs of fearing, ut is translated that not, 
and ne, that. 
Aquaeductus, -us, M aqueduct. 
Aufugio, 3, -fugi, intr flee, run away. 
Colluvies, -ei, p filth, dirt, washing together of filth. 
Ccelum, -i, n . . . . sky, heaven. 
Contagiosus, -a, -um, adj contagious. 
Decido, 3, -idi, , intr fall down, fall from. 
Definio, 4, -ivi, -itum, tr define. 
Fractura, -se, p fracture, crack. 
Gelu, -us, N frost, cold. 
Germen, -inis, N. . . . germ. 
Vocabulary. 44. THE SUBJUNCTIVE. 
169 
Investigo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr trace out, find. 
Levigatio, -onis, f levigation, trituration of moist substances. 
Pestilens, -entis, adj pestilent, deadly. 
Pestis, -is, F pestilence, plague, epidemic. 
Perterreo, 2, -ui, -itum, tr frighten greatly, terrify. 
Kigidus, -a, -um, adj stiff, severe, hard. 
Exercise. 110, 
1. Accidit ut multi in quadam urbe periculose segri simul fierent. 
2. Tam multi segri erant ut validi segros non possent curare. 3. 
Nonnulli timebant ne morbus esset febris flava, cholera Asiatica, 
vel aliqua alia pestis mortifera. 4. Tam pestilens erat morbus ut 
coerceri nullis remediis posset, 5. Mox cives ita perterriti sunt 
ut omnes, qui poterant, urbe aufugerent. 6. Ruri manebant 
donee gelu tain rigid um decidit e coelo ut omnia germina morbi 
interficeret. 7, Secutum1 est ut causam pestis investigarent. 8. 
Yis morbi fecerat ut hsec investigatio acrior esset. 9. Multis aqua 
in aquseductu impiira visa est. 10. Quid effecit ut impura esset? 
11. Fractiira effecerat ut colluvies eloaese in aquseductum in- 
funderet. 12. Tota urbs etiam tarn immunda fuit ut valetudo 
civium non posset bona esse. 
1. It happened that levigation was under discussion,2 2. What 
is levigation, inquired the master. 3. It was necessary that some 
one should define the word. 4. Many were asked to define it, but 
were unable. 5. At last it was defined as follows:3 6. Leviga- 
tion is the perfect trituration of moist substances.4 
239. Suggestive Derivations. 
1. Colluvies, from colluere, to wash thoroughly, or cleanse. 
2. Collutorium, from colluere, to wash, a mouth wash. 
3. Clarificatio, from clarus, clear, and jacere to make, making 
clear. 
4. Contagiosus, from cum, with, and tangere, to touch, touching 
together. 
1 It followed, or the next thing was. 
s Sic. 
2 Ut de levigatione disputaretur. 
4 Madidarum rerum. 170 
THE SUBJUNCTIVE. 
5. Decantatio, de, from, and cantus, brim, from the brim, a 
pouring from the brim, racking off. 
6. Pestiferous, from pestis, pest, and ferre, to bear, pest-bearing. 
CHAPTER XLVII. 
THE SUBJUNCTIVE CONTINUED—CUM. 
240. Cum is used with the subjunctive in three kinds of dependent 
clauses, temporal, causal and concessive. 
241. Rule of Syntax.— Cum (quum) temporal, meaning when or 
while, takes the imperfect or pluperfect in the subjunctive to mark 
the time of the action in the principal clause, as: 
1. Cum medicus venisset, seger convaluerat, when the physician 
had come, the patient had recovered. 
2. Cum seger febri laboraret, medicus venit, while the patient 
was suffering from fever, the physician came. 
242. Rule of Syntax.— Cum causal, meaning since, takes the sub- 
junctive: as,—Cum omnia fere medicamenta stomachum Isedant, 
since nearly all drugs injure the stomach. 
243. Rule of Syntax.— Cum concessive, meaning though, takes 
the subjunctive: as,—Cum tu non intelligas, tamen verum est, al- 
though thou doest not (you do not) understand it, yet it is true. 
Vocabulary. 45. 
Aliquot, i ml eel adj several, a few, not many. 
Anctus, -us, M increase, growth. 
Benzinum, -i, N benzin. 
BIsulphidum, -i, n bisulphide. 
Consido, 3, consedi, consessum, intr, .... sit down, take a seat. 
Colatura, -ae, F filtration. 
Clarificatio, -onis, F clarification. 
Chartaceus, -a, -um, adj of paper, paper. 
Diuturnus, -a, -um, adj of long continuance, long. 
Elasticus, -a, -um, adj elastic, stretching. 
Fermentum, -i, n leaven, cause of ferment. 
Fluor, -oris, M fluidity, flowing, flux. THE SUBJUNCTIVE. 
171 
Gelatinum, -i, n gelatin. 
Interventio, -onis, F intervention. 
Pulverizo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr pulverize. 
Pul pa, -se, f pulp. 
Pedigo, 3 (re and ago), -egi, -actum, tr., . . drive back, reduce. 
Sedimentum, -i, n. settling, sinking down, sediment. 
Exercise. 111. 
1. Cum magister consedisset, multa ex discipulis qusesivit. 2. 
Quomodo “ interventione ” qiuedam genera medicamentorum 
pulverizatis? 3. Cum nemo alius respondere posset, hoc responsum 
dedit parva puella: 4. Pulverizare aliquam rem “interventione,” 
est earn rem in pulverem redigere usu alius rei,—ut camphoram 
usu alcoholis. 5. Cura pueri hoc responsum clarum audivissent, 
ignorantise eos valde puduit. 6. Turn magister iterum qusesivit: 
Quum aliquot res medicaraentarise vim solvendi1 habeant, quae 
optimse sunt ordine? 7. Cum units puer responsum sciret, tamen 
tacebat pudore! 8. Eadem puella, cum permodesta esset, tamen 
clara voce respondit: Res, quae vim solvendi habent, hoc in ordine 
nominamus,—aqua, alcohol, glycerlnum, tether, benzinum, chloro- 
formum, bisulphidum carbdnei, acida, olea. 9. Cum sic puella 
respondisset, omnes illi pueri aures erexerunt, quasi illud responsum 
suum etiam fuisset. 10. Turn iterum magister: Quid bisulphidum 
carboneiet benzinum solvet? 11. Bisulphidum carbonei gummi 
elasticum et similia optime solvet; benzinum, olea, pingues res, et 
similes. 
1. Since you are all here to learn, answer without delay. 2. 
What does clarification mean ? 3. Though perhaps several mod- 
est pupils knew, no one answered. 4. What ? Does no one know 
a method of separating2 solid from liquid substances without filtra- 
tion ? 5. When he had waited a short time, he said : 6. “ Since 
you cannot answer, I will tell you. 7. There are eight principal 
methods of clarification without filtration :—by heat, by increase of 
fluidity, by the use of albumen, by the use of gelatin, by the use 
1 Lit., have the power of dissolving; are solvents. 
2 Modum separundx solidas a liquidis rebus. 172 
THE SUBJUNCTIVE, 
of milk, by paper pulp, by fermentation, and by long-continued 
settling. 8. Remember these methods.” 
For Translation {Extracts from Seneca). 
1. Nihil aeque sanitatem impedit quam remediorura crebra mu- 
tatio. Non venit vulnus ad cicatricem, in quo medicamenta 
temptantur. 
2. Fastidientis stomachi1 est multa degustare, quae, ubi varia 
sunt et diversa, inquinant, non alunt. 
3. Non perveni ad sanitatem, neque perveniam quidem : deleni- 
menta magis quam remedia podagrae meae compono, contentus, si 
rarius accedit et si minus verminatur. Vestris quidem pedibus 
comparatus debilis cursor sum. 
CHAPTER XLYIII. 
THE SUBJUNCTIVE-CONTINUED. 
Indirect Question. 
244. Rule of Syntax.—Indirect questions take the subjunctive, 
as: 
1. Ubi es ? where are you ? 
Direct. 
2 Ubi eras ? where were you f 
1. Scio ubi sis ? I know where you are 
Indirect 
2. Scii ubi esses I knew where you were. 
Examine the following 
1. Scio ubi sis, fueris, I know where you are, have been or were. 
2. Sciam ubi sis, fueris, /shall know where you are, have been, or 
were. 
3. Scii ubi sis, fueris, I have known where you are, have been, or 
were. 
1 It is characteristic of a dainty appetite. THE SUBJUNCTIVE. 
173 
4. Sciero ubi sis, fueris, I shall have known ivhere you are, have 
been, or were. 
5. Sciebam ubi esses, fuisses, I knew where you were, had been. 
6. Scii ubi esses, fuisses, I knew where you were, had been. 
7. Scieram ubi esses, fuisses, 1 had known where you were, had 
been. t 
245. Observe that the indirect question is translated like the in- 
dicative, 
246. Notice also how these examples illustrate the rule for the 
sequence of tenses. 
VOCABULARY. 46 
Amotio, -onis, F displacement, removal. 
Angustas, -a, -um, adj narrow. 
Decantatio, -onis, f a pouring off, racking. 
Effectus, -us, M effect, power. 
Fundus, -i, M bottom. 
Formo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr form, mould. 
Lotio, -onis, f a washing. 
Maternus, -a, -um, adj maternal, mother. 
Solubilis, -e, adj soluble. 
Saturatus,-a,-um, partic. adj saturated, filled. 
Sedimen, -inis, N sediment. 
Sedo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr cause to settle, or sink. 
Praecipitatum, -I, x a precipitate. 
Unde, adv whence. 
Vasum, -i, N vessel. 
1. Hodie quaeremus quomodo fluidae res a solidis separentur. 
2. Primum explicabimus quid in arte medicamentaria vocabulum 
lotio significet. 3. Medicamentarius liquidum solido saepe super- 
fundit ut partem solubilem eluat: hoc lotio appellatur. 4. Scis-ne 
quid decantatio sit? 5. Decantatio est effusio liquoris ut sedi- 
men in fundo vasi relinquatur. 6. Pauci forsan clare intelligent 
quid intersit inter praecipitatum et sedimen. 7. Quum quaereretur 
de crystallis, nemo potuit dicere quae esset origo eorum, vel utrum 
ex aridis an liquidis rebus pararentur. 8. Nemo sciit utrum crys- 
Exercise. 112. 174 
THE SUBJUNCTIVE. 
talli pararentur fusidne, sublimatidne, au manu fabricarentur! 9. 
Cum de his rebus facilibus nihil scirent, rogati sunt utrum possent 
explicare quid maternus liquor significaret. 10. Maternus liquor, 
aliquis respondit, est liquidum quod manet postquam crystalli for- 
mati sunt. 11. liectum responsum utrum dederit conjectura 
nescio. 12. Quid expressio significet vix necesse est explicare, et 
tamen explicabo. 13. Expressio est separatio liquidorum a solidis 
per vim. 
1. Explain what a percolator is. 2. Tell us where you have 
seen a percolator. 3. Do you remember what the liquid is called 
which comes from the percolator, with the soluble part of 
the drug? 4. Explain, if you please, why percolation is also 
called displacement. 5. Do you know why a glass percolator is 
the best for common use ? 6. When you are preparing fluid ex- 
tracts, explain why a tall, narrow percolator is desirable. 7. Ex- 
plain why, when you percolate a drug, you ought to pour the moist 
powder through a coarse1 sieve. 
CHAPTER XLIX. 
THE SUBJUNCTIVE—CONTINUED. 
Wishes and Conditions. 
247. Rule of Syntax.—In wishes and conditions the present sub- 
junctive is used of what may be fulfilled, the imperfect subjunctive 
of what is not true, the pluperfect subjunctive of what was not 
true. The same mood is regularly employed in the conclusion of 
such conditional sentences: 
Examine the following:: 
1. Utinam medicus veniat! would that the doctor would come! 
I wish the doctor would come ! 0, that the doctor would come ! 
1 Cribrum maculis crassis. THE SUBJUNCTIVE. 
175 
2. Si medicus veniat, puero medicetur, if the doctor should come 
he would (— might, perhaps) cure my hoy. 
3. Utinam medicus adesset! 0, that the doctor were here ! 
4. Si medicus adesset, kctus essem, if the doctor were here 1 
should he glad. 
5. Utinam medicus adfuisset! would that the doctor had been 
here ! 
6. Si medicus adfuisset, puero medicavisset, if the doctor had 
been here he would have cured my boy. 
Vocabulary. 47. 
Absorbeo, 2, absorbui, absorptum, tr. . . absorb. 
Aptus, -a, -um, adj fit, suitable, adapted to. 
Aequabiliter, adv equally, evenly. 
Aquosus, -a, -um, adj watery, abounding in water. 
Campana, -se, r bell. 
Cito, adv quickly, speedily. 
CompSrio, 4, comperui, compertum, tr. . ascertain, find out. 
Cesso, 1, -avi, -atum, intr cease, stop, loiter. 
Krameria, -se, F krameria. 
Madefacio, 3, madefeci, madefactum, tr . wet, moisten. 
Obeo, 4, -ii, -itum, intr. and irreg. ... go against, go to meet, die. 
Earus, -a, -um, adj thin, porous, spongy. 
Eecupero, 1, -avi, -atum, tr recover, get back, regain. 
Seligo, 3, selegi, selectum, tr select, choose. 
Exercise 113. 
1. Si fluida extracta velis parare, altum et rectum percolaturem 
seligas; si acrem tincturam, percolatorem in formam campanse 
redactum et latiorem seligas. 2. Si qualitatem et naturam 
medicamenti, quod vellet percolare, diligentius inspexisset, aptio- 
rem percolatdrem seligisset, 3. Si mihi sex unciae kramerise 
essent, docerem te quomodo tincturam kraraerise parares. 4. Si 
pulverem madefacias menstruo antequam incipis percolare, multo 
facilius et citius percoles. 5. Si rationem hujus rei non intelligis, 
pharmacopceiam cum cura majore lege. 6. Si pulverem in 
percolatorem recte pressisses, menstruum lente et aequabiliter des- 
cendisset. 7. Si medicamenta spongiosa sint et menstruum aqudsum, 176 
THE SUBJUNCTIVE. 
moderate premag; si autem menstruum valde alcoholicum sit, 
firmius premas. 8. Si nescias quid menstruum optimum sit, necesse 
est ut aliquot menstrua tentes. 9. Utinam scivissem quam segrotus 
amicus fuisset! 10. Utinam medicum citius arcessivissem! 11. 
Si medicus citius venisset, amicus forte non obiisset. 12. Utinam 
atra nox abiret, et mane clarum adesset! 
1. If you would like1 to know how much menstruum a powder 
will absorb'2 and retain2 after percolation ceases, you should try to 
ascertain by experiment. 2. If' you should wish to recover the 
absorbed3 menstrua, you could do this by distillation. 3. If I 
had4 the apparatus and a few ounces of fresh rose-blossoms, I would 
teach you how to prepare2 officinal rose-water. 4. If the boy had 
known how many officinal waters there were,2 he would probably 
have repeated a few of the fourteen names. 5. If I knew how to 
prepare2 anise and cinnamon waters, I would tell you. 6. O 
that I had known how sick he was!2 7. Would that the surgeon 
would come!5 8. O that I knew what would cure2 my boy! 
CHAPTER L. 
248, The Hortatory subjunctive is used in exhortations and com- 
mands. 
Examine the following:— 
Consulamus medicum, let us consult a physician. 
Capiat grana decem ter die, let him take ten grains three times a 
day. 
Sumas pilulam quininse alterna hora, take a quinine pill every 
other hour. 
Nihil veneni ceperis, take no poison. 
THE SUBJUNCTIVE—CONTINUED. 
1 Velis scire quantum menstrui. 2 Indirect questions; use subjunctive. 
3 Absorpta. 4 Si mihi essent apparatus et paucae unciae recentium florum rosarum. 
6 Pres. subj.,—veniat! THE SUBJUNCTIVE. 
177 
Repugnantia medicamenta ne miscueris, do not mix incompatible 
drugs. 
Ne nimis magnam dosiru capias, do not take too large a dose. 
249. The present and perfect subjunctive are used with scarcely 
any difference in meaning. 
250. In negative commands the perfect subjunctive is generally 
used. 
251. The subjunctive of desire is the usual form in Latin pre- 
scriptions. 
All of the sentences for translation in this lesson are taken from 
a collection of Latin prescriptions written by English physicians. 
The vocabulary will be found after the exercises. 
Exercise. 114, 
1. Detrahatur e brachio sanguis ad uncias decern statim. 2. 
Vensesectio fiat ut sanguinis uncise quinque fluant. 8. Statim 
abradatur capillitium, et cucurbitulse entente nuchse applicentur. 
4. Cucurbitulse cum scarificatione parti thoracis dolenti1 pro re 
nata2 admoveantur, et sanguis ad uncias octo exsugatur. 5, 
Hirudines viginti quattuor statim lumbis admoveantur, et postquam 
remote sunt, cataplasma emolliens applicetur. 6. Parti thoracis 
superior! emplastrum lytte admoveatur, et post vesicationem 
applicetur ceratum sabinse, ut ulcus perpetuum fiat. Quando 
fluxus cessat, seger hoc prsescripto utatur: Recipe cerati sabinse, 
et unguenti lytte, partes sequales. 7. Si valde urgeat dyspnoea, 
applicetur emplastrum lytte, et fiat ulcus perpetuum ope unguenti 
sabinse. 
1. Let a blistering paper be applied to the occiput. Dress3 the 
blistered part with savin ointment. 2. Apply to the neck, where 
it is in pain,4 a plaster of cantharides. 3. Let three leeches be 
applied to the forehead. 4. Let blood be drawn from the arm, 
and on the same day, after a few hours, or on the following day, 
1 Present participle of doleo: to the painful part of the chest. 
2 Pro re nata,—occasionally, or, as occasion may require. 
8 Curaveris partem exulceiatam. 4 Qua dolet. 178 
THE SUBJUNCTIVE. 
two hours after a light dinner,1 let the patient take an emetic 
powder. 5. Do not take more than an ounce. 
Vocabulary. 48, 
Detraho, 3, -axi, -actum, tr. . . . draw, take away. 
Abrado, 3, -asi, -asum, tr shave, cut away. 
Capillitium, -i, N hair of the head. 
Applico, 1, -avi, atum, tr apply> attach. 
Admoveo, 2, -ovi, -otum, tr. . . . apply, move near. 
Hirudo, -inis, F. ....... . leech, bloodsucker. 
Dyspnoea, -se, f difficulty of breathing. 
Emolliens, -entis, adj emollient, softening, soothing. 
Extraho, 3, -axi, -actum, tr. . . . draw out, extract. 
Lumbus, -i, M loin. 
Lytta, -se, f Spanish fly. 
Fluxus, -us, M a flowing, flux. 
Ops, opis, F aid, help, riches, wealth. 
Scarificatio, -onis, F scarification, cutting slightly. 
Nucha, -se, f nape of the neck. 
Thorax, -acis, m breast, chest, thorax. 
Yensesectio, -onis, P venesection, cutting a vein. 
Yesicatorius, -a, -uni, adj. .... blistering. 
Prandium, i-, N dinner, breakfast. 
252. Suggestive Derivations. 
1. Hemiplegia, from Greek hemi, half, and plege, a stroke; par- 
alysis of the motor nerves of one side of the body. 
2. Chrysalis, from Greek chrysos, gold; so called because it i 
sometimes of a golden color. 
3. Coronoid, from Greek kordne, crow, and eidos, form; shaped 
like a crow’s beak; as the coronoid process of the lower jaw. 
4. Cotyledon, from Greek kotyledon, a cup-shaped hollow; the 
temporary seed-leaf of an embryo plant. 
5. Dyspnoea, from the Greek word dys, “with difficulty,” and 
pneo, “ I breathe,” difficulty of breathing. 
6. Dysphagia, from dys, and phago, “ I eat,” difficulty in swal- 
lowing. 
1 Duabus boris post leve prandium, THE IMPERATIVE. 
179 
7. Dysphonia, from dys, and phone, “ the voice,” difficulty in 
speaking, imperfect pronunciation. 
8. Dysthanatos, from dys, and thdnatos, “ death,” that which 
causes a painful death. 
,9. Lumbago, from lumbi, “the loins,” pain in the loins. 
CHAPTER LI. 
THE IMPERATIVE, 
Review the present and learn the future imperative, active and 
passive of the regular and irregular verbs. 
253. The imperative is used in commands and entreaties: As,— 
consulite vobis, prospicite patrise, conservate vos, consult for your- 
selves, look out for the country, preserve yourselves. 
Te ipsum explora, examine yourself. 
254. A negative command, or prohibition, is generally expressed 
by ne with the second person of the perfect subjunctive, as was 
stated in the preceding lesson. Noli with the infinitive is also 
often used; As,—Noli putare, do not suppose (be unwilling to 
suppose). 
Exercise. 115 
1. Tere oleum cum mucilagine donee probe coiverint, turn sensim 
adde decoctum, ut fiat enema. 2. Cochleare parvum ter quaterve 
die exhibe, si convulsio vel spasmus urgeatur.1 8. Noli plus sex 
uncias sanguinis extrahere. 4. Noli tantum sanguinis emittere 
quantum medici antiqui. 5. Ne tantum sanguinis emiseris ut 
seger valde pallescat vel languescat. 6. Haustum effervescentem 
continua, sicut jamjara paratum. ' 7. Coque igne leni ad libram 
imam, sub finem coctionis glycyrrhizse radicis contiisse drachmas 
duas adde, et cola’: cujus seger cochlearia tria ampla ter die capiat. 
1 Give as large2 a dose as can be taken on the point of a knife 
frequently during the day. 2. Bruise into a mass, divide into 
1 Urgeatur, should he accelerated, = should become troublesome. 
2 Tantam dosim quantam cultri apice eapi potest. 180 
THE INFINITIVE. 
thirty pills. 3. Take half a drachm of extract of cicuta, and make 
fifteen pills and roll them in hemlock dust. Send them in a paper 
box. 4. Take three drachms of cinchona and divide into twelve 
equal parts. 5. Let the patient take one of these parts, every1 
second or third hour, in a small cupful2 of fresh cow’s milk, during 
the absence3 of the fever. 6. Take an ounce of prepared chalk 
and sprinkle it from cotton on the excoriated4 parts. 
Vocabulary. 49. 
Coctio, -onia, F cooking, boiling. 
Continuo, 1, -E'i, -atum tr continue, proceed, keep on. 
Convulsio, -onis, f convulsion, fit. 
Co-eo, 4, -Ivi and -ii, -itum, intr combine, unite. 
Enema, -Elis, N clyster, injection. 
Exhibeo, 2, -ui, -itum, tr give to, show. 
Languesco, langui, intr grow faint, languish. 
Effervescens, -entis, partic effervescent, bubbling. 
Pallesco, 3, pallui, intr turn pale, lose color. 
Pyxis, -idis, F box. 
Vaccinus, -a, -um, adj of or from a cow. 
Gossypium, -i cotton tree, cotton. 
Excorio, 1, tr. . remove the skin. 
Jamjam, adv now, already. 
CHAPTER LII. 
THE INFINITIVE. 
Learn the infinitives of the regular and irregular verbs. 
infinitive is used essentially the same as the English infinitive 
Errare humanum est, to err is human. 
Turpe est mentiri, to lie (lying) is base. 
Latine loqui didicit, he learned to speak Latin. 
255. It will be seen from the following illustrations that the Latin 
1 Secunda vel tertia quaque hora. 2 Ex cyatho parm 
3 Absente febre. 4 In partes excoriatas. THE INFINITIVE, 
181 
Nemo mortem effugere potest, no one is able to escape death. 
256. The Infinitive with Subject-Accusative. Rule of Syntax. 
—The infinitive, with subject-accusative, is used with verbs and 
other expressions of saying, knowing, thinking, perceiving, and the 
like. 
Medicus est, he is a physician 
257. Direct Discourse. 
Quinina amara est, quinine is bitter. 
Sapiens est, he is wise. 
Nauta morbum periculosum contraxit, the sailor contracted a 
dangerous disease. 
258. Indirect Discourse. 
Dicit se medicum esse, he says that he is a physician [lit.—he 
says himself to be a physician]. 
Sentlmus quininam amaram esse, ive perceive that quinine is bit 
ter [lit-, we perceive quinine to be bitter]. 
Putat se sapientem esse, he thinks that he is wise [lit., he thinks 
himself to be wise]. 
Rumor est nautam periculosum morbum contraxisse, there is a 
report that the sailor contracted a dangerous disease [lit., there is a 
report the sailor to have contracted a dangerous disease]. 
259. Notice that there is no word in the Latin sentence which 
corresponds to the English word that in the translation. 
Tenses of the Infinitive. 
260. Buie of Syntax.—The present, the perfect or the future in- 
finitive is used in indirect discourse, according as the time indicated 
is present, past or future with reference to the verb of saying, 
etc., by which the indirect discourse is introduced, as: 
cadit, he is falling, dicit, \ gg c,l(jere / he says he is falling. 
dixit, > ’ I he said he was falling. 
cadebat, he was falling, dicit> ( he says, he was falling. 
cecidit, he fell, | se ceddisse, | he u }md f(dkn 
ceciderat, he had fallen, ' 182 
THE INFINITIVE. 
cadet, As will fall, { f.idt’ | se casurum [esse], { he says he shallffl> 
I dixit, > he said he should fail. 
261. Observe that the tenses of the infinitive are not absolute, 
but relate to the time of the verb on which they depend. 
262. Subordinate clauses of the indirect discourse take the sub- 
junctive, as: 
Clamitabat, si ille adesset, eos ventures esse, he cried out that they 
would come if he were present. 
Ferunt hominem, quem vidi, clarum medicum esse, they say 
that the man whom I saw is a famous physician. 
Exercise. 116. 
1. Constat1 medicos centum annis abhinc solitos esse sanguinem 
detrahere causa levissima. 2. Ferunt2 siquis dolorem capitis, tor- 
mina ventris, febriculam levera, contusionem malara, claudam 
manum vel pedem, vel aliquem fere alium morbum vulnusve 
habuerit, solitos esse sanguinem pleno rivo extrahere, hirudines 
multos alicui parti corporis applicare, vel cruentas cucurbitulas 
admovere. 3. Yidentur putavisse morbum sine sanguinis emis- 
sione vix posse curari. 4. Dicitur medicus scalpellum, instrumen- 
tum utilissimum, die nocteque semper secum habuisse. 5. Libri 
veteres de medicina demonstrant hsec vera esse. 6. Amicus dicit se 
librum veterem plenum prescriptionum de sectione venarum 
habere. 7. Amicus idem dicit se invenisse luce prescripta et multa 
similia in illo libro : 8. “ Si prime venesectioni non cedat mor- 
bus, turn repetatur. 9. Si dolor perstitentin latere, mittantur san- 
guinis uncie viginti e brachio. 10. Si convulsio redeat, baud 
aliter,3 detrahatur sanguis per cucurbitulas tres.” 
1. They say that many years ago doctors were more fond* 
of blood-lettifig than now. 2. It is said that they carried a sharp 
lancet always ready5 for venesection; 3. and that, if a patient 
was not already dead,5 they were accustomed to cut him to pieces 
1 Used here as an impersonal verb—it is agreed, or is clear; lit.—“ it stands together.” 
a They say—dlcunt. 3 Not otherwise. 4 Amantiores emissionis sanguinis. 
6 Paratum venajsectioui. 6 Jam mortuus esset. THE INFINITIVE. 
183 
to revive1 him. 4. I have heard, but hardly believe the story, that 
the old doctors always carried with them a great supply2 of 
leeches. 5. Many supposed that they used3 leeches to draw blood 
from the bodies of their patients, in order that they might them- 
selves4 draw money from their5 purses. 6. A friend who has had 
experience says that the present generation6 of doctors needs no 
leeches,—that their bills7 stick closer to the pocket-book than 
leeches to the skin. 
Vocabulary. 50. 
Arete, adv closely, tightly. 
Concido, 3, concidi, concisum, tr. cut up, cut to pieces. 
Curo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr care, take care of, cure, dress. 
Demonstro, 1, -avi, -atum, tr point out, show, prove. 
Emissio, -onis, F letting out, emission. 
Febricula, -ae, f slight fever. 
Libellus, -i, M . small ivriting, list. 
Libellus rationarius bill. 
Marsupium, -i, N purse. 
Persto, 1, perstiti, perstatum, intr. ...... persist, continue. 
Peracutus, -a, -um, adj very sharp. 
Rationarius, -a, -um, adj relating to accounts. 
Rivus, -i, M small stream. 
Reduco, 3, -xi, -ctum, tr lead or bring back, restore. 
Sectio, -onis, F cutting. 
Saeculum, -i, N age, race, generation 
Tormen, -Inis, N. [used only in plur.] gripes, pain in the bowels. 
1. Brachiocubital, from brachium, arm, and cubitus, elbow; 
that which belongs to both the arm and elbow. 
2. Brachiotomy, from brachium, and tome, incision ; amputation 
of the arm. 
263. Suggestive Derivations. 
1 Ut eum in vitam reducerent. 
2 Magnam vim hirudinum. 
3 Usos esse hirudinibus quibus extraherent; rei. of purpose. 
* Ut ipsi. 
B Ex eorum marsupiis. 
6 “The physicians of this age” (saeculum). 
7 Libellos rationarios adhaerere. 184 
PARTICIPLES—ABLATIVE ABSOLUTE. 
S. Convulsion, from cum, with, and vellere, to tear, to pull to- 
gether ; a violent and involuntary contraction of muscles which 
usually contract only under the influence of the will. 
4. Convulsionaire, a name given to those in the last century who 
had, or pretended to have, convulsions produced by religious im- 
pulses. 
5. Ventricle, from venter, belly, and cuius, a termination, mean- 
ing little; little-belly, a name given in anatomy to various parts. 
6. Ventriloquism, from venter, and loqui, to speak ; speaking in 
the stomach or belly. 
7. Ventripotent, from venter, and potens, powerful or large; big- 
hellied, or having a large abdomen. 
CHAPTER LIII. 
263. PARTICIPLES—ABLATIVE ABSOLUTE. 
Learn the participles of the regular and irregular verbs. 
264. The present participle is declined like an adjective of the 
third declension ending in ns, see 71. 
265. All other participles are declined like fluidus, a, um (33). 
266. Participles denote time, as present, past or future, with re- 
spect to the time of the verb in their clause. 
Examine the following: 
{moritur, he dies, 
morietur, he will die, >■ while drinking poison. 
mortuus est, he died, J 
2. Camphoram valde redolens, smelling strongly of camphor. 
3. Fluidum in modulum ferreum calefactum, sebo illitum, in- 
funde, pour the liquid into an iron measure which has been warmed 
and smeared with tallow. 
4. Cruciatus doloribus non poterat dormire, (because) racked by 
pains he could not sleep. PARTICIPLES—ABLATIVE ABSOLUTE. 
185 
5. Medicus venit tibi succursurus, the doctor has come to help 
you. 
267. Observe how the participle is translated in the foregoing 
examples— 
268. Examine the following uses of the Ablative Absolute:— 
1. Medicamento sumpto, convaluit, when he had taken the medi- 
cine he recovered. [The medicine having been taken.] 
2. Medicus, curatione aegri desperata, domum rediit, the physi- 
cian, since he despaired of the cure of his patient, returned home, 
[The cure of the patient being despaired of.] 
3. jEger convalescet, febri revertente, the patient will recover 
though the fever returns. [The fever returning.] 
4. Empirico arcessito, amicus morietur, if the quack be smm- 
moned, our friend will die. [The quack being summoned.] 
5. Puer tincturas praeparavit, patre nec juvante nec praesente, 
the boy prepared the tinctures without his father's aid or presence. 
[His father neither assisting nor being present.] 
Compare in each sentence the Latin and the corresponding 
translation. 
269. Notice in the first sentence that the ablative absolute is 
used to indicate time, in the second a cause or reason, in the third a 
concession, in the fourth a condition, in the fifth an accompanying 
circumstance. 
Exercise. 117. 
1. Tria genera syrupdrum sunt;—syrupus simplex e saccharo et 
aqua constans, syrupus medicatus varias res medicinales continens, 
syrupus saporatus saporis1 causa tantum usurpatus. 2. Quot modis 
syrupos prseparas, domine, qusesivit adjutor. 3. Dominus breviter 
considerans respondit quattuor modos officinales esse quibus syrupos 
prsepararet;2—solutidne cum caldre, agitatidne sine caldre, addi- 
tidne simplici, digestidne vel raaceratidne. 4. Yelim ut paululum 
aurantii syrupi hac formula pares:—5. “ Recipe corticura auran- 
tiorurn a substantia interidri mundatdrum uncias quattuor. 6. Mi- 
• Saporis causa, for the sake of the savor. 
* Subordinate clause in indirect discourse. 186 
PARTICIPLES—ABLATIVE ABSOLUTE. 
nutim conclsis1 affunde vini albi libras duas cum dimidia. 
7. Digere2 per biduum in vase clause et exprime. 8. Unciis vi- 
ginti post colaturam remanentibus3 adde sacchari albissimi libras 
tres. 9. Semel ebulliendo * fiat syrupus colons5 flavescentis.” 10. 
Hanc formulam memorise6 mandatam tene. 11. Hujus misturse 
cochlearia quattuor, boris duabus interpositis, sumantur, ut suda- 
tionfes deminuantur, 12. Provisis omnibus, quse pertinent ad uuiversa 
genera morborum, ad singulorum curationes veniam. 
1. The physician has come to cure 7 the disease. 2. Having 
closely observed8 the symptoms of the disease, he wrote this pre- 
scription : 3. “ If vomiting comes on9 let the patient drink, as oc- 
casion may require, a wine-glass of infusion of chamomile flowers: 
4. When the vomiting has ceased,9 let the patient take a sudorific 
powder.” 5. Having written9 another prescription, he added the 
following directions: 6. “ Let the patient take half immediately, 
and in half an hour10 the remainder.” 
Agitatio, -onis, f agitation, stirring. 
Anthemis, -idis, F chamomile. 
Digestio, -onis, f arranging, disposing, digestion. 
Dimidia, -ae, p half. 
Dimidium, -i, n half. 
Digero, 3, -gessi, -gestum, tr distribute, arrange, digest. 
Deminuo, 3, -ui, -utum, tr torendersmaller, diminish {trans.) 
Elabor, 3, elabi, elapsus sum, dep. intr. . . slide or slip away, escape. 
Ebullio, 4, ivi and -ii, , tr. and intr. . boil, bubble up. 
Flavesco, 3, , intr grow yellow, be yellowish. 
Interior, -oris, adj., compar interior, inner. 
Mandatum, -i, n command, direction. 
Pro video, 2, -idi, -isum, tr. and intr. . . . provide for, look after, see to. 
Perspicio, 3, perspexi, perspectum, tr, . . see through, observe closely. 
Vocabulary. 51. 
1 Perf. partic. of concido, in dative, agreeing with noun understood, and governed by 
affunde,—ad in composition taking dative. 2 In the imperative. 
8 In the dative after adde. * By boiling. 8 Genitive of characteristic. 
6 Dative. 7 Use the future active participle. 8 Signis morbi perspectis. 
9 Abi. abs., vomitu superveniente, vomitu finito, praescripto alio dato. 
10 Semihora elapsa, quod manet. IMPERSONAL VERBS. 
187 
Sapor, -oris, M taste, savor, relish. 
Saporatus, -a, -um, adj flavored. 
Substantia, -se, f substance. 
Sudorificus, -a, -um, adj causing sweat, sudorific. 
Universus, -a, -um, entire, whole, collectively. 
Vas, vasis; pi. vasa, -orum, n vessel. 
Vomitus, -us, M vomiting. 
1. Cklorifacient, from calor, heat, and facere, to make; having the 
power of producing heat. 
2. Cochleare, from cochlea, a snail’s shell; a spoon, so called 
from the resemblance of its bowl to a shell. 
3. Cochleariformis, from cochlea, a shell, and forma, shape; shell- 
shaped or spoon-shaped. 
4. Morbid, from morbus, disease, diseased, or relating to disease. 
5. Morbific, from morbus, and facere, to make; causing disease. 
6. Saponaria, from sapo, soap; the decoction of this plant forming 
a lather with water. 
7. Saponarice nuculae, from sapo, soap, and nux, nut, soap-nuts; 
a fruit whose rind has saponaceous qualities. 
270, Suggestive Derivations. 
CHAPTER LIV. 
IMPERSONAL VERBS. 
Many verbs, from their meaning, appear only in the third person 
singular. 
271. These are called impersonal verbs, as having no personal 
subject. 
272. These verbs may be classified as follows:— 
1. Verbs expressing operations of nature and time of day: 
Pluit, it rains. 
Tonat, it thunders. 
Vesperascit, it is growing late. 188 
IMPERSONAL VERBS 
2. Verbs of feeling : 
Miseret me miseriae tuse, I pity (it grieves me of) your mi-fortune. 
Pudet me tui, I am ashamed (it shames me) of you. 
Paenitet me stultitiae meae, I repent of (it repents me of) my 
Jolly. 
3. Verbs which have a phrase or clause as their subject: 
Accidit, it happens. 
Licet tibi exire, you may go out (it is permitted you to go out). 
Oportet te scire, you ought to know (it behooves you to know). 
Placuit or placitum est mihi, I was pleased (it was pleasing to 
me). 
273. Rule of Syntax.—The impersonal verbs miseret, paenitet, 
piget, pudet and taedet take the accusative of the person, and the 
genitive of the object or cause of the feeling. 
1. Medicamentarium decet scire quemadmodum omnia genera 
medicamentorum prseparet. 2. Illi puero contigit duos annos in 
scholam medicinalem ire. 3. Multo jucundius puero videbatur 
patris pecuniam consumere, quam longas formulas discere quibus 
compositiones raedicinales pararet.1 4. Puer, pecunia dissipata, 
domum reverterat. 5. Patri amanti placitum erat ut magno ne- 
gotio suo filium prseponeret, et hac spe in illam scholam miserat. 
6. Pater laetus eum videt, et, ut solet et decet, coepit de studiis 
quserere. 7. “ Valde mihi placet, mi puer, te omnia genera com- 
positionum medicinalium didicisse parare, et mox mihi succedere 
posse. 8. Satis operse in officina chemica est. Mane crastino in- 
cipiemus.” 9. Mane puer venit, et diu laborabat, at frustra;— 
nullam formulam meminisse, nihil recte facere poterat;—multa 
autem medicamenta pretiosa perdebat. 10. Vesperascebat cum pater 
inibat. 11. Attonitus ruina medi camentoru m, magna voce ex- 
clamabat, 12. “ Quid facis ? Cur medicamenta perdis ? Desiste. 
13. Nihil-ne omnino didicisti in illaschola nisi pecuniam perdere ? 
14. Nunc ego te negotium meum docebo funditus. 15. In cellam 
Exercise. 118. 
1 Subj. of purpose with the relative, quibus. PERIPHRASTIC CONJUGATIONS. 
189 
descende, verre, cribra, absterge, tere, lava. 16. Hac in schola 
aliquid disces ; per omnes gradus transibis.” 
1. It becomes a student to study. 2. He ought to learn how to 
prepare many compounds. 3. Does it seem right1 to you that 
he should spend his father’s money and not try to learn ? 4. It 
followed that the son was not put in charge of his father’s busi- 
ness. 5. I am disgusted with the boy’s folly. 6 What must2 we 
do ? 7. AYhat ought2 the young man to have done ? 8. It was 
reported that he had studied well, but I am ashamed of his ignor- 
ance. 9. You may3 now go home. 
Attamen (at and tamen), conj. . . . hut, but yet, for all that. 
Abstergeo, 2, -ersi, -ersum, tr wipe off, cleanse. 
iEquus, -a, -um, adj right, just. 
Ccepi, 3, ciepturn, preterit verb, . . begun, have begun. 
Contingit, 3, -igit, impers it happens, it befalls. 
Consumo, 3, consumpsi, consumptum, tr .consume, spend. 
Compositio, -onis, F the putting together, compound, composition. 
Decet, 2, -uit, impers it becomes, is proper, behooves. 
Dissipo, 1, -avi, atum, tr scatter, squander, dissipate. 
Funditus, adv from the very bottom. 
Licet, 2, -uit, impers it is permitted, is lawful, may. 
Medicinalis, -e, adj medical, pertaining to medicine. 
Oportet, 2, -uit, impers it is necessary, behooves, ought, must. 
Praepono, 3, praeposui, praepositum, tr. put before, set over, put in charge of. 
Piget, 2, -uit, impers it disgusts, (one) is disgusted. 
Pudet, 2, -uit, impers it shames, (one) is ashamed. 
Taedet, 2, -uit, impers it disgusts, (one) is disgusted. 
V0CABUI1ARY. 52. 
CHAPTER LV. 
274. PERIPHRASTIC CONJUGATIONS. 
Future Active Participle :—Gerundive 
275. The future active participle with the verb sum forms the 
Active Periphrastic Conjugation, as : 
1 iEquum -ne tibi videtur. 
2 Oportet. 3 Licet vobis. 190 
PERIPHRASTIC CONJUGATIONS. 
Sanaturus sum., eram, etc., I am, was, etc., about to (going to, in- 
tending to) heal. 
276. The gerundive with the verb sum forms the Passive Peri- 
phrastic Conjugation, as: 
Sanandus sum, eram, etc., I am, was, etc., to be healed ; I deserve, 
ought, etc., to be healed. 
Active. 
PARADIGMS. 
Passive. 
Pres , sanaturus sum. 
1 jiperf., sanaturus eram.' 
Fut. sanaturus ero. 
Perf., sanaturus fui. 
PiiUp., sanaturus fueram. 
Fut. Perf., sanaturas fuero. 
etc. 
Indicative. 
sanandus sum. 
sanandas eram, 
sanandus ero. 
sanandus fui. 
sanandus fueram, 
sanandus fuero, 
etc. 
277. The active periphrastic subjunctive is often used to supply 
the place of a future subjunctive, as; 
Non dubito quin aegrura sanaturus sit, I do not doubt that he 
will cure the patient. 
Scivi quid medicus facturus esset, I knew what the doctor was 
going to do. 
278. jRule of Syntax.—The dative is used ivith the gerundive to 
denote the person by whom the act must be done, as: 
Tincturae drachma aegro sumenda est, a drachm of the tincture 
must be taken by the patient. 
Hie morbus tibi submovendus est, that disease must be removed 
by you (that disease is to you to be removed ; or; you must remove that 
disease). 
Omnibus moriendum est, all must die (the necessity of dying is to 
all). 
Mihi scribendum est, I must write (the duty of writing is to me). 
1. Non dubito quin empiricus raorbi sanationem suscepturus sit. 
Exercise. 119. PERIPHRASTIC CONJUGATIONS. 
191 
2. Pollicetur se omne genus morbi sanaturum.1 3. Non est 
dubium quin magnas doses daturus sit. 4, Noli dubitare quin hic 
puer cogniturus sit quse confectiones officinales sint. 5. Scis-ne 
quid medicus vetus eas appellaturus sit ? 6. Scio quemadmodum 
eas paraturus sis. 7. Rosse partes octo, sacchari partes sexaginta 
quattuor, mellis despumati partes duodecim, aquse rosse partes 
sedecim recepturus es. 8. Alteram confectionem quoque scio quo- 
modo paraturus sis. 9. Aloes et asafoetidse pilulse saccharo illinen- 
dse sunt ut jucundius devorentur. 10. Omnia octo cerata offici- 
ualia tibi prseparanda sunt. 11. Cantharidis cerato tibi utendum 
est. 12. Emplastrum picis Burgundicse ori enrpirici imponendum 
est. 
1. There is no doubt that he will prepare the three officinal 
papers. 2. I doubt whether he will know how to prepare the 
nitrate of potassium paper. 3. He will know how the others 
ought to be prepared. 4. Do not doubt that the druggist will 
have in his store-house all sorts of spirits and volatile oils. 5. Do 
you know what he is going to do with the resins and balsams ? 6, 
Ought we not to prepare all kiAds of plasters? 7. I must buy all 
kinds of fixed and volatile oils and soaps. 8. You ought to write2 
the druggist to send3 you the sulphates of morphine, quinine, 
strychnine, atropine and hyoscyaraine. 9. The druggist has to keep 
in store4 all kinds of tinctures, oils, essences, soaps, syrups, starches, 
and a thousand other things, although many of them may seldom 
be called for. 
279. Suggestive Derivations. 
1. Confection, from cum, with, and facere, to make, anything 
made up or preserved with sugar. 
2. Dosiologia, from the Greek words dosis, gift, or dose, and 
logos, discourse, a statement of the doses that may be given. 
3. Empiricus, from the Greek words en, in, and peira, trial, 
1 In the future infinitive esse is usually omitted. 
2Scribendum tibi est ad medicamentarium. 3Subj. of purpose. 
* Habenda sunt in apotheca. 192 
GERUND.—GERUNDIVE.—SUPINE. 
one who follows only experience; now used in a bad sense, meaning 
charlatan or quack. 
4. Mastoid, from Greek mastos, a breast, and eidos, shape; nipple- 
shaped ; the process of temporal bone behind the ear. 
5. Mesosternum, from Greek mesos, middle, and sternon, the chest; 
the middle portion of the sternum. 
6. Melituria, from met, and ouron, urine, sweet urine, diabetes. 
7. Officinalis, from officina, workshop, derived from opus, a work, 
and fac&re, to make, said of medicines kept in drug stores, ready 
made, prepared according to authorized formulae. 
8. Saccharometer, from saccharum, sugar, and metrum, measure, 
an instrument for determining the density of syrups. 
9. Saccharorrhoea, from saccharum, and rheo, “ I flow,” a dis- 
charge of sweet fluid from the system. 
CHAPTER LVI. 
280. GERUND.—GERUNDIVE.—SUPINE. 
Learn the gerunds and supines of the regular and irregular 
verbs. 
Gerund. 
Examine the following: 
Gen., cupidus te audiendi desirous of hearing you. 
Dat., aqua utilis est bibendo water is useful Jor drinking. 
Acc., inter ludendum while playing or during play. 
Ah., quattuor libras elice destillando . { draw Pound* dktilUn9 
(distillation). 
The above examples illustrate the use of the gerund in the 
several cases. 
281. Observe (1) its use is like that of the English verbal noun in 
ing; (2) that it governs the same case as its verb, but is itself 
governed like a noun. See genitive ease above. GERUND. GERUNDIVE, — SUPINE. 
193 
Compare the following couplets ; 
282. Oerund and Gerundive. 
n . f medicinam parandi, 1 ,, , , . ... 
(j. Ars < r ’ > the art of preparing medicine. 
<- medicinse parandse J 
D., Dat operam \ artem exercendo, \ attends to the practice of his art. 
I arti exercendae > 
a .. i f febrem medicandum,) , , ,, . 
Acc., V enxt ad < i ’ > he came to cure the fever. 
t febrem medicandam j 
Au Terit lemons I me(licamenta terendo, \ he spends his time in grinding 
1 medicamentis terendis / drugs. 
283. Observe (1) that the gerund is in the case required by the 
construction, and (2) that the gerundive agrees with its noun like 
an adjective. 
284. The accusative with ad is used to indicate a purpose. This 
construction is very common. 
Supine. 
Examine the following: 
Juvenis ad urbem venit medicinam exercitum, the young man 
came to the city to practice medicine. 
285. In the above sentence exercitum has the same meaning as 
ut exerceret, qui exerceret, ad exercendum, and other ways of ex- 
pressing a purpose. 
286. Rule of Syntax.—The supine in um is used after verbs of 
motion to express the purpose of the motion. 
Hoc est difficile factu, this is difficult to do, or he done. 
Hoc est jucundum auditu, this is pleasant to hear. 
Horribile visu, shocking to see. 
287. The use of the supine in u, with such adjectives as indicate 
an effect on the senses or feelings, and with those that denote ease, 
difficulty, and the like, is a very common construction. 
Vocabulary. 53. 
Bromum, i, N bromine. 
Calx, calcis, F. and M limestone. 
Causticus, -a, -um, adj caustic, burning. 
Fabrica, -sc, f workshop, manufactory. 
18 194 
GERUND.—GERUNDIVE,—SUPINE. 
Induco, -xi, -ctum, tr. . . . . lead in. bring in. 
Iodum, -I, N iodine. 
Marinus, -a, -um, adj of the sea, marine. 
Mundus, -a, -um, adj dean, neat. 
Mercator, -oris, M whol sale merchant, trader. 
Praecipue, adv especially, particularly. 
Paulatim, adv gradually. 
Phosphorus, -i, M phosphorus. 
Potassa, -ae, f potassa, caustic potash. 
Ratio, -onis, F reckoning, system, process, method, 
Rubor, -oris, m redness. 
Sublimo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr. ... raise on high, volatilize by heal. 
Sal, -is, M salt. 
1. Medicamentarius studio1 medicamenta recentia emend i ad urbem 
magnam venit. 2. Mercator eum in fabricam magnam induxit modos 
varios medicamentorum parandorum visum. 3. Videbat quem- 
ad-modura praeparationes multae macerando, bulliendo, evaporando, 
sublimando, destillando, percolando fierent.2 4. “ Mirabile visu,” 
exclamavit ille. 5. Tum mercator ei ostendebat quomodo liquida 
aquosa, et liquida alcoholica macerando vel percolando praepara- 
rentur. 5. Plurimae equidem solidae praeparationes, ut abstracta 
et multa extracta, etiam percolando parabantur. 6, Amicus 
noster dixit se venisse praecipue visum modos offieinales quibus 
sulphur et phosphorus pararentur. 7. Tum mercator chemicum 
suum arcessivit qui modum sulphur crudum sublimandi, et 
sulphur sublimatum lavandi, et iodum cum sulphure calefaciendi, 
et pondus praescriptum phosphori in amygdalae oleo dissolvendi 
explicaret. 8. Quomodo sal potassii in sulphatem converteretur, 
et sulphas in carbonatem, carbonis et calcis ope,3 calefaciendo 
etiam explicabat. 9. Potassa pura praeparatur, inquit, potassii 
hydratis liquorem in mundo vaso ferreo ad spissitudinem olei 
evaporando. 10. Haec praeparatio tam caustica est ut te oporteat 
cavere ne tangas. 11. Liquor potassae in aqua destillata potassam 
Exercise. 120. 
1 Studio, abl. of means,—with the desire. 2Subj. indirect question. 
3 Ope, abl. from ops, opis, the aid; “ with the aid of, by means oh” GERUND.—GERUNDIVE.—SUPINE. 
195 
dissolvendo paratur. 12. Ration em reliquarum potassi prepara- 
tion um officinalium parandarum pharmacopoeiam legendo facile 
disces. 
1. He came to buy1 salts of sodium. 2. Soda is prepared by 
boiling2 a solution of sodium3 carbonate with hydrate of calcium, 
and evaporating.2 3. The process of washing bicarbonate of 
sodium with water4 is easy. 4. Almost5 everybody knows how to 
prepare chloride of sodium by evaporating sea-water. 5. Pyro- 
phosphate of sodium is prepared by heating phosphate of sodium 
to redness,6 dissolving and crystallizing,7 6. He came to inquire 
how phosphate of sodium was prepared. 7. The chemist gave 
him a formula for preparing it. 8, Bromide of ammonium is pre- 
pared by adding water of ammonium gradually to bromine under 
water. 9. By diligently reading the pharmacopoeia the student 
will learn at last the various modes of preparing all medicinal com- 
pounds. 
Suggestive Derivations. 288. 
1. Pharmacopoeia, from the Greek words pharmaJcon, medicine, 
and poied, I make; a collection of formulae for the preparation of 
medicines. 
2. Peritoneum, from Greek peri, around, teino, I stretch; the 
serous membrane which lines the abdominal cavity. 
3. Ptosis, from Greek ptoo, I fall; inability to raise the upper 
eyelid. 
4. Pharmacopola, from pharmaJcon and poleo, I sell; a medicine* 
seller, or druggist; sometimes a quack. 
5. Phosphorus, from the Greek words, phas, light, and nhero, I 
carry ; a light-carrier. 
6. Photomania, from phos, gen. photos, and mania, madness; 
light-madness, or insane delirium caused by light. 
7. Photophobia, from phos, and phobia, dread ; fear of the light. 
8. Photopsia, from phos and ops, the eye; a false perception of 
1 Use the supine. 2 Use the abl. of gerund. 3 Carbonatis sodii. * Abl. of means. 
5 Almost everybody, quivis fere. * Ad ruborem. 7 In crystallos formando. 196 
READING LESSONS. 
light, as of sparks, flashes of fire, etc., caused by certain conditions 
of the retina and brain, and by pressure on the eye-ball. 
9. Phoiuria, fromphos and ouron, urine; a luminous condition 
of the urine. 
READING LESSONS, 
Recipe,—Emplastri Galbani compositi unciam dimidiam, 
Resinae uncias duas. 
Misce. Fiat emplastrum super alutam extendendum, quo pedes post pedilu- 
vium involvantur. 
290. Emplastrum generis ejusdem fit ex his : galbani, drachmas 
duas; fuliginis turis1 drachmas quattuor; picis drachmas sex, ceric, 
et resime terebinthinse, singulorum,2 drachmas octo ; quibus paulura 
irini unguenti miscetur. (Celsus.) 
291. Recipe,—tyttarum in pulverem tenuissimum tritarum3 drachmam, 
Camphorae pulveris drachmam, 
Cera; flavae et sevi praeparati ana 4 drachmam, 
Adipis praeparati scrupulos duos. 
Cera, sevo, et adipe simul liquefactis,5 paulo antequam concres- 
cant, lyttas et camphoram insperge, atque omnia misce ut fiat em- 
plastrum epispasticum regioni jecoris applicandum.6 
292. Optimum tamen ad extrahendum est id quod habet 
myrrhse, croci, iridis, propolis, bdellii, alurainis et scissilis et rotun- 
di, misys,7 chalcitidis, atramenti sutorii cocti, opopanacis, salis am- 
moniaci,8 visci, singulorum drachmas quattuor ; aristolochise drach- 
mas octo ; squamae seris drachmas sedecim ; resume terebinthiime 
drachmas septuaginta quinque; cene, et sevi vel taurini vel hirclni, 
singulorum drachmas centum. (Celsus.) 
1 Of the soot of frankincense. 
2 Singulorum modifies ceres and resinae, and, since these things are inanimate, is put in 
the neuter gender. 
3 Perfect partic. of tero, in genitive plur. to agree with lyttarum. 
* A medical term signifying of each. 
x Of some of these ingredients very little is known. Misy may he a kind of truffle, or 
it may be, and probably is here, a kind of Roman vitriol. 
6 Abl. absolute with cera, etc., to indicate time. 
* Agrees with emplastrum, and governs regioni. 
8 Ammoniacum was a kind of gum-resin, said to have been collected from trees growing 
near the temple of Jupiter Ammon. READING LESSONS. 
197 
293. Recipe,—Pulveris digitalis grana tria. 
Pulveris glycyrrhizse grana viginti. 
Misce. In pulveres tres htec quantitas dividenda est. Partitio fiat 
exactissima. 
294. Suggestive Derivations, 
1. Atramentum, from dter, black ; any black liquid 
2. Atrabtlis, from ater, black, and hills, bile, black bile ; a thick, 
black, acrid humor, secreted in the opinion of the ancients, by the 
pancreas. It was supposed to produce melancholy, madness, &c. 
There is really no such humor. 
3. Aristolochia, from the Greek aristos, very good or best, and 
locheia, parturition, was so called because it was supposed to aid 
parturition. 
4. Aristolochia polyrrhlza, from poly, many, and rhlza, roots; 
many-rooted aristolochia. 
5. Aristolochia Serpentaria, from serpens, creeping, or serpent; 
snake-root birthwort. 
6. Glycyrrhlza, from glykys, sweet, and rhlza, root; sweet-root, 
commonly called liquorice. 
7. Glycyrrhcea, from glykys, and rhcea, a flow; signifies a dis- 
charge of saccharine matter from the system. 
8. Glycermum, from glykys, sweet, a sweetish fat 
9. Glucosa, from glykys, a kind of sugar in many vegetable 
juices. 
10. Squamiferous, from squama, scale, and fero, to bear, scale* 
bearing, scaly. 
11. Squaviaria, a plant covered with scale-like spots. 
295. Recipe,—Corticis cinchonse sesquiunciam, 
Magnesii sulphatis uncias duas, 
Aquae purse octarios duos. 
Coque per sextam partem horse in vase leviter clause, et liquorem adhuc 
calentera cola ; sub finem coquendi syrupi absinthii uncias duas adde. Ter- 
tia vel quarts, quaque hora cyathus unus exhibeatur, intermissionis tempore. 
296. Recipe,—Spiritus ammonise aromatic! drachmas duas, 
Liquoris ammonise acetatis uncias quattuor, 198 
READING LESSONS. 
Tincturse opii drachmam, 
Aquae pimentse uncias quattuor. 
Misce, et divide in haustus quattuor, qudrum unus usurpari potest, si pul- 
sus languescat, vel pustulae subsiderint. 
297. Recipe,—Sarsaparillae radicis, 
Zingiberis radicis contusae.ana, unciam dimidiam, 
Sassafras radicis concisae unciam. 
Coque leni igne in aquae fontanae octariis quattuor ad dimidiam consump- 
tionem, ut fiat decoctum, cujus bibat fluid-uncias octo modice tepefacti post 
bolum, et mane in lecto ad diaphoresin ciendam repetatur. 
Acidum Nitricum. 
298. Recipe Kali nitrici depurati pulverati libras octo, 
et in retortam vitream satis capacem immissis1 affunde 
acidi sulphurici crudi libras quattuor cum dimidia, aquae com- 
munis libris tribus caute dilutas. Applicetur excipulum amplum, 
cui2 aquae destillatae librae quattuor antea sunt immissae. Fiat des- 
tillatio ex arena,3 igne primum remissidri4, sub finem gradatim 
aucto,4 ad siccum. 
Acido elicito instilla liquorem argenti nitrici quamdiu inde fit 
turbidum, cayendo ne nimia copia liquoris argenti nitrici addatur. 
Seponatur5 per aliquot dies. Turn liquorem limpidum decantha, et 
e retorta, fere ad siccum6 destillando rectifica. In yasis epistomio 
vitreo clausis serva. 
299. Suggestive Derivations. 
1. Diaphoresis, from dia, through, andphoreo, I bear; carrying 
through the pores of the skin, causing perspiration. 
2. Retorta, from re, back, and tortum, bent or twisted ; bent- 
back, as indicating the shape of the vessel. 
‘ 3. Torticollis, from tortum, twisted, and collum, the neck ; wry- 
neck, stilf-neck. 
4. Torcular, from torquere, to twist; a press for wine, oil, cider, 
etc. 
xIn the dative after affunde (ad in composition) and agreeing with libris understood. 
2 Governed by im compounded with -missis. 3 From a sand-bath. 
4 Ablative absolute with igne. 6 Hortatory subjunctive, “ let it be set aside.” 
6 To dryness. READING LESSONS. 
199 
5. Pulsus, from pulsare, to beat; pulse. 
6. Pulsus biferiens, from bis, twice, and ferlre, to strike; a pulse 
in which the finger is struck twice at each pulsation. 
7. Pyriformis, from Latin pyrus, a pear, and fortna, shape; ap- 
plied to a muscle passing from the pelvis to the great trochanter 
of the femur. 
8. Pylorus, from Greek pyloros, a gate-keeper; the opening of 
the stomach which leads into the intestine. 
9. Rectificatio, from rectus, right, and facere, to make ; making 
right or pure. 
10. Rectltis, a hybrid word from rectum, and Ills, inflammation; 
signifies inflammation of the rectum. 
300. Electuarium Theriaca} 
Recipe, Mellis despumati libras sex. Paululum calefacto2 ad- 
misce opii pulverati in vini Malacensis quantitate sufficiente soluti3 
unciam imam. Turn adde 
Radicis Angelicas pulverat® uncias sex; 
Serpentari® Virginian® pulveratae uncias quattuor; 
Valerian® minoris, 
Scill®, 
Zedoari®, 
Cassi® cinnamome® singularum pulveratarum uncias duas ; 
Cardamomi minoris, 
Myrrh®, 
Caryophyllorum, 
Ferri sulphuric! crystallisati, singulorum in pulverem redactorum, 
unciam unam. 
Fiat electuarium fuscum, quod loco frigido caute serva. 
1 The old Romans had an electuary called Theriaca, composed of a medley of sixty-one 
different ingredients, which possessed the most opposite properties ! It was invented by 
Andromachus of Crete, and prepared by order of Nero, and was probably good for nothing. 
2 Calefacto agrees with tnelh understood; mix with the honey when heated a little one 
ounce, etc. 
3 Soluti agrees with opii. 200 
READING LESSONS, 
Kota. Electuarii hujus uncia una opii pulverati circiter grana 
quinque continet. 
301. Elixir Aurantidrum Compositum. 
( Vetus Formula Germana.) 
Recipe, Corticum Pomorum Aurantii a parencliymate interne 
mundatdrum et concisorum uncias quattuor ; 
Pomorum Aurantii imrnaturorum, Cassiae cinnamomese, singu- 
lorum contusorum uncias duas; Kali carbonici unciam unam, 
Yini Malacenis libras quattuor. 
Post digestionem exprime. In colatura librarum trium et unci- 
arum octo, solve Extract! Absinthii, Cascarillte, Gentiame, Trifolii, 
singulorum unciam unam. 
Post subsidentiam et decantationem liquori limpido adde Olei 
Corticis Citri dracbmam unam in unciis duabus sulphuric! spiritus 
setheris solutam. Serva bene et ante dispensationem agita. Sit 
fuscura, non nimis turbidum. 
302. Exiractum Absinthii. 
Recipe summitatum herbae Absinthii quantum vis. Minutim 
concisis et in vas idoneum immissis affunde aquae communis fer- 
yidae quantitatem sufficientem. Sepdne per triginta sex horas, 
subinde agitando, et turn liqudrem exprimendo separa. Residuum 
iterum aquae1 communi fervidae quintuplici infunde et post refriger- 
atidnem exprirae. Liquores expressi, subsidendo, decantando, 
colandoque depurati, primo leni caldre ad tertiam partem, turn in 
balneo vaporis ad justam extracti spissitudinem evaporentur2 ita 
quidem, ut remanens3 non effundi queat, spatula tamen in fila ex- 
trahi possit. Bene servetur. 
303. Suggestive Derivations. 
1. Angelica, so called from its supposed angelic virtues, 
2. Archangelica (archon, ruler), superior angelica. 
1 Dative after infunde. 2 Subjunctive of desire. The subject is liqu5res. 
2 Present participle, the remaining, liquor understood. READING LESSONS. 
201 
3. Caryophyllum, from caryon, nut, and phyllon, leaf, nut-leaf 
the flower bud of the clove tree ; a clove. 
4. Caryophyllus Dianthus, from Di-, {dies), Jove, and anthos, 
flower; Jove’s flower, carnation or pink. 
5. Zoophyte, from Greek zdon, an animal, and phyton, a plant; a 
terra sometimes applied to animals which resemble plants. 
6. Electuarium, from e, out or from, and legere, to choose or select, 
something chosen, or picked out. 
7. Parenchyma, from Greek words para, beside, en, in, and cheo, 
“ I pour,” pouring in beside; a name given by Erasistrfttus to the 
pulpy substance of the lungs, liver, etc., as if formed by blood of 
the veins that run into these parts. The name is also applied 
to the pulpy parts of fruit. 
8. Trifolium, tres, three, folium, leaf; three-leaved. 
9. Cascarilla, a Spanish word from cascara, bark, and ilia, a 
diminutive ending meaning little; little-baric. 
304. Linimentum Sapdnis Camphordtum. 
Recipe,—Saponis domestic! albissimi, et Paponis Hispanici albi, 
singulornra siccatorum unciam unam et dimidiam, 
Camphorse drachmas tres. 
Solve in cucurbita vitrea leni calore in spiritus vini rectificatissimi unciis 
viginti. Solutionem adlmc calentem filtra. Turn adde— 
Olei thymi drachmae semissem, 
Olei Rosmarini drachmam unam. 
Liquoris Ammonii caustici drachmas tres. 
Liquor in vitris bene clausis refrigeretur, et tunc massam gelatlnse similetn 
referens in iisdem servetur. 
Recens sit flavum, subdiaphanum et opalescens, tempore opacum, crys- 
tallos nullos aut paucissimos continens. 
—Pharmacopeia Germdnica. 
305. Malagma ad Laterum Dolores. 
Ad laterum dolores Andrese quoque malagma est; quod etiam 
resolvit, humdrem educit, pus maturat; ubi id maturum est, cutem 
rurapit, ad cicatricem perducit. Prodest impositum minutis 
majoribusque abscessibus ; item articulis, ideoque et coxis, et pedi- 
bus dolentibus; item, siquid in corpore collisum est, reficit; 202 
READING LESSONS, 
praecordia quoque dura et inflata emollit; ossa extrahit: ad omnia 
denique valet, quae calor adjuvare potest. 
Id habet cerae drachmas undecim; visci, sycamini, lacrimae, 
singulorum drachmam unam; piperis et rotundi et longi, am- 
moniaci thymiamatis, bdellii, iridis illyricae, cardamdmi, amomi, 
xylobalsami, turis masculi, myrrhae, resinae aridae, singuldrum 
drachmas decern; pyrethri, cocci Gnidii, spurnae nitri, salis ammoniaci, 
aristolochiae Creticae, radicis cucumeris agresti, resinae terebintiimae 
liquidae, singulorum drachmas yiginti; quibus adjicitur unguenti 
irini, quantum satis est ad ea mollienda atque cogenda. 
(This is from Galen as given by Celsus.) 
306. Quce Purgent. 
Purgant aerugo, auripigmentum, quod arsenicum a Graecis nomi- 
nator, squama aeris, puraex, iris, balsamum, styrax, tus, turis cortex, 
resina, et pinea, et terebinthina liquida, oenanihe, lacerti stercus, 
sanguis columbae,et palumbae,et hirundinis, ammoniacum, bdellium, 
abrotonum, ficus arida, coccum gnidium, scobis eboris, omphacium, 
radicula, coagulum, sed maxime leporinum, fel, vitellus crudus, 
cornu cervinum, gluten taurinum, mel crudum, misy, chalcitis, 
crocum, uva taminia, spuma argenti, galla, squama aeris, lapis 
haematites, minium, costum, sulphur, pix cruda, sevum, adeps, 
oleum, ruta, porrum, lenticula, ervum. (Celsus.) 
307. Suggestive Derivations. 
1. Auripigmentum, from aurum, gold, and pigmentum, pigment 
or paint, gold-paint; because it was thought to contain gold. 
2. Haematites, from hcema, blood, blood-stone. 
3. Hcemophohus, from haima, nndphohos, dread; one who faints 
at the sight of blood. 
4. Haematology, from haima, gen. haimatos, and logos, discourse; 
that part of medicine which treats of blood. 
Hcema-, or haemato- is a compound in more than 200 medical terms. 
5. Humor pericardii, the fluid, peri, around, kardia, heart. 
6. Malagma, from the Greek verb mallasso, “I soften,” a poul- 
tice. READING LESSONS. 
203 
7. (Enanthe, from aims, wine, and anthos, flower, wine-flower, 
the flower smelling like the vine. 
8. Pedialgia, from pes, foot, and algia, pain, foot-pain, a pain in 
the feet. 
9. Posmarinus, from ros, dew, and marinus, marine, marine-dew, 
sea-dew; rosemary. 
10. Suhdiaphanus, from sub, here meaning somewhat, diei, 
through, and phanus, showing or shining, somewhat shining 
through, or somewhat transparent. 
11. Xylobalsamum, from xylon, wood, and balsamum; wood- 
balsam. 
308. The Physician Visiting a Patient. 
Ob quam causam periti medici1 est, non protinus2 ut venit 
apprehendere manu brachium : sed primum residere, hilari vultu, 
percontarique, quemadmodum se3 habeat; et si quis ejus metus est, 
eum probabili sermone lenire; turn deinde ejus corpori manum 
admovere. Quas venas autem conspectus medici movet, quam 
facile mille res turbant! Altera res est, cui credimus, calor, aeque 
fallax: nam hie quoque excitatur sestu, labore, somno, metu, sol- 
licitudine. Igitur intueri quidem etiam ista oportet; sed his non 
omnia credere. Ac protinus quidem scire, non febricitare eum, 
cujus veme naturaliter ordinatae sunt, teporque tabs est, qualis 
esse sani solet: non protinus autem sub calore motuque 
febrem esse concipere;4 sed ita,5 si summa 6 quoque arida inaequal- 
iter cutis est; si calor et in fronte est, et ex imis praecordiis oritur; 
si spiritus ex naribus cum fervore prorumpit; si color aut rubore, 
aut pallore novo mutatus est; si oculi graves, et aut persicci aut 
subhumidi sunt; si sudor quum fit, inaequalis est; si venae non 
aequalibus intervallis moventur. Ob quam causam medicus 
1 Genitive of characteristic; it is the characteristic of a skillful physician. 
1 Non protinus ut,—not as soon as. 
3Quemadmodum se habet,—how he is; lit. how he has himself. 
4 Not immediately to conceive that there is fever under, etc. 
6 But so to conceive if, etc. 
6 If the surface of the skin also is unequally dry. 204 
READING LESSONS. 
neque in tenSbris, neque a capite1 segri debet residere; sed illustri 
loco adversus, ut omnes notas ex vultu 2 quoque cubantis per- 
cipiat. (Celsus.) 
Yerura morbum articularium nulla res tantum purgat, quantum 
brassica cruda, si earn edes cum ruta et coriandro concisam. Sic3 
et laserpitium inrasum cum brassica oxymelli et sale sparsa. Hac 
si uteris, omnes articulos poteris experiri. Xullus sumptus est: et 
si sumptus esset, tamen valetudiuis causa experirer. Hauc oportet 
mane jejunum esse.4 Omuera, qui insorauiosus est, bac eadem 
curatione sanum facies. Yerum assam brassicam, et unctam 
caldam, et sails paulum dato homini jejuno : quam plurimum5 
ederit, tarn citissime sauus fiet ex eo morbo. 
309. Cato on the Medicinal Value of Cabbage. 
Tormina quibus6 molesta eruut, sic facito :7 brassicam macerato 
bene, postea in aulam conjicito, defervefacito bene. Ubi cocta 
erit bene, aquam defundito. Eo addito oleum bene, et sails 
paululum, et cuminum, et pollinem polenta3. Postea ferve bene 
facito. Ubi ferverit, in catinum indito. Dato (segro) ut edat, si 
poterit, sine pane ; si non, panis paululum ibidem madefaciat. Et 
si febrim non habebit, dato vinum atrum ut bibat. Cito sanus fiet. 
810. Suggestive Derivations. 
1. Cubans, from the root cub, bending, as indicating the reclin- 
ing position of a sick person. 
2. Experior, from ex, out, per, through, and ire, to go ; to go 
through and out of, and so to know or test thoroughly. 
3. Febricosus, from febris, fever, and dsus, a termination signify- 
ing fullness ; full of feverish symptoms. 
1 Nor away from the head; that is, nor behind the head of the patient. 
< Ex vultu quoque, from every expression. 
8Sic refers to the statement in the preceding sentence; laserpitium, will do the same, 
4 Esse, = edere, to eat. (Edo has many forms in common with sum.) 
6 Lit. “as he shall have eaten the most, so the most quickly,” etc.; the more he shall eat, 
the more quickly will he be free from. 
* In the dative after molesta. 
1 The second person singular, of the imperative, is very common in Cato. READING LESSONS. 
205 
4. Febrifuga, from febris, fever, and fugdre, to drive away; a 
medicine which tends to drive away fever. 
5. Prcecordia, from prce, before, and cor, the heart, the midriff. 
6. Oxymel, from oxys acid, and mel, honey ; acid-honey, a mix- 
ture of vinegar and honey. 
7. Tormina, from torquere, to twist; the gripes. 
8. Vencesectio, from vena, vein, and sectio, cutting; vein-cuttingj 
or opening a vein. 
311. The Antidote of Mithridates. (Celsus.) 
Nobilissimum autem antidotum est Mithridatis, quod quotidie 
sumendo rex ille dicitur adversus venenorum pericula tutum cor- 
pus suum reddidisse : in quo hsec sunt: costi sexta pars drachmae, 
acori drachmae quinque, hyperici, gummis, sagapeni, acaciae succi, 
iridis illyricae, cardamomi, singulorum drachmae duae; anisi 
drachmae tres; nardi gallici, gentianae radicis, aridorura rosae folio- 
rum, singulorum drachmae quattuor; papav&ris lacrimae, petroselini, 
bis tertia pars drachmae, casiae, silis, polii, piperis longi, singulorum 
drachmae sex ; styracis drachma, castorei, turis, hypocistidis succi, 
myrrhae, opopanacis, singulorum drachmae sex ; malabathri folii 
drachmae sex; floris junci rotundi, resinae terebinthinae, galbani, 
dauci cretici seminis, singulorum drachma una; nardi, opobalsami, 
singulorum drachma; thlaspis tertia pars drachmae ; radicis Ponti- 
cae drachmae septem; croci, zingiberis, cinnamomi, singulorum 
drachmae octo. Haec contrita melle excipiuntur, et adversus vene- 
rum, quod1 magnitudinem nucis Graecae impleat, ex vino2 datur: 
in ceteris autem affectibus corporis pro modo 3 e5rum, vel quod 
jEgyptiae fabae, vel quod ervi magnitudinem impleat, satis est. 
Si rabiosus canis fuit, cucurbitula virus ejus extrahendum est. 
Deinde, si locus neque nervosus, neque musculosus est, vulnus id ad- 
urendum est: si uri non potest, sanguinem homini raitti non alie- 
312. Celsus' Remedy for Hydrophobia. 
1 Antecedent of this relative is understood, and is the subject of datur. 
2 Is given in as much wine as will fill the size, etc. 
8 According to the severity; lit. according to the size. 206 
READING LESSONS. 
nura1 est. Turn usto2 quidem vulneri superimponenda quae ce- 
teris ustis sunt: ei vero quod expertum ignem non est, ea medi- 
camenta quse vehementer exedunt. Post quae nullo novo magis- 
terio,3 sed jam supra posito3 vulnus erit implendum, et ad sanita- 
tera perducendum. Quidam post rabiosi canis morsum protinus in 
balneum mittunt4 ibique patiuntur desudare, dum vires corporis 
sinunt, vulnere adaperto, quo5 magis ex eo quoque virus destillat: 
deinde multo meracoque vino excipiunt, quod omnibus venenis 
contrariura est. Idque quum ita per triduum factum est, tutus 
esse homo a periculo videtur. 
Solet autem ex eo vulnere, ubi parura occursum8 est, aquae timor 
nasci: hydrophobiam Graeci appellant. Miserrimum genus morbi, 
in quo simul aeger et siti et aquae metu cruciatur: quo oppressis in 
angusto 7 spes est. Sed unicum tamen remedium est, nec opinan- 
tem in piscinam non ante ei provisam projicere,8 et, si natandi 
scientiam non habet, modo mersum bibere pati, modo attollere ; si 
habet, interdum deprimere, ut invitus quoque aqua satietur; sic 
enim simul et sitis et aquae metus tollitur. Sed aliud periculum 
excipit, ne infirmum corpus in aqua frigida vexatum nervorum dis- 
tentio absumat. Id ne incidat a piscina protinus in oleum cali- 
dum demittendus est. 
313. Suggestive Derivations. 
1. Hydrophobia, from the Greek hydor, water, and phobos, 
dread ; water-dread, or fear of water. 
2. Hydroperieardium, from hydor water, peri, around, and ear- 
dia, the heart; heart with water around it. 
1 It is not improper that blood be drawn from the man. 
2Then upon the burnt wound those remedies ought to he placed. 
8 Abl. of means, by no new direction, hut by that already laid down above 
4 The object of mittunt is oegrum understood. 
B Quo introduces a clause of purpose with distillet. 
6 When it has not been thoroughly curedlit. met. 
2 Lit: “ hope is in a narrow ” (place); there is but little hope: oppressis is in the da- 
tive, and quo in the ablative. 
8 Projicere (aegrum) nec opinantem, etc , to throw the patient, when not expecting it, 
into a pond not before seen by him (non ante ei provisam). READING LESSONS. 
207 
3. Hydrocephalus, from hydbr, and kephale, the head; “head 
having water in it,” or dropsy of the brain. 
Hydor (gen. hydatos) enters many compounds in the forms hydr, 
hydro, hydato. 
4. Opobalsamum, from opos, juice, and balsamum, gum-balsam, 
5. Sanguipurgium, from sanguis, blood, and purgare, to purify; 
blood-ffurifier. 
6. Sanguisorba, from sanguis, and sorbere, to absorb ; blood- 
absorber, a plant once used as an astringent in hemorrhages. 
7. Sanguisuga, from sanguis, and sugere, to suck ; a blood-sucker, 
leech. 
8. Sudoriferous, from sudor, sweat, and ferre, to carry; sweat- 
bearing, as the sudoriferous ducts or glands. LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
A, ab, prep., w. abl away from, by. 
Abacus, -i, M shelf, counter, table, bench. 
Abeo, 4, abii, abitum, intr go away, depart. 
Abhinc, adv since, ago. 
Abies, abigtis, F fir-tree. 
Abrado, 3, -rasi, -rasum, tr shave, cut off or away. 
Abrotanum, -I, N southernwood. 
Abscessus, -us, m. [abs and cedo] a departing from; abscess. 
Absinthium, -i, N wormwood. 
Absorbeo, 2, -sorbui and -sorpsi, -sorptum, tr. . . absorb. 
Abstractum, -i, N. [abs and traho] abstract. 
Abstergeo, 2, abstersi, abstersum, tr wipe off, cleanse. 
Absum, abesse, abfui to be away, absent. 
Absumo, 3, -mpsi, -mtum, tr. [ab and sumo] . take away, destroy. 
Abundantia, -se, f abundance. 
Abundo, 1, -iivi, -iitum, intr abound, have abundance. 
Abutor, -i, -usus sum, dep abuse, misuse. 
Ac, conj and; in compar., as, than. 
Acacia, -se, F acacia. 
Accedo, 3, accedi, accessum, intr. [ad and cedo] approach, draw near. 
Accido, 3, accidi, intr fall out, occur, happen. 
Accipio, 3, -epi, -eptum, tr. [ad and capio] . . receive, accept. 
Acer, acris, acre, adj keen, sharp, eager. 
Acerbus, -a, -um, adj sour, bitter, painful. 
Acetas, -atis, M acetate. 
Acetum, -T, N vinegar. 
Achillea, -se, F achillea, milfoil. 
Aconitum, -i, n aconite. 
AcOnitina, -se, F extract of aconite. 
Actfrus, -i, r sweet flag. 
Actsea, -se, F. aetcea, cohosh. 210 
LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
Xcutus, -a, -um, adj acute, sharp. 
Xd, prep. w. acc . to, at, near, towards. 
Ad;lp6rio, 4, -ui, -pertum, tr open, uncover. 
Addo, 3, addidi, additum, tr add. 
Additio, -onis, F addition. 
Adeps, Ipis, m. and F fat, lard. 
Adfero, -ferre, attuli, ad- or al-latum, tr. . . . bear to, bring. 
Adhuc, adv hitherto, thus far, as yet 
Adhibeo, 2, -ui, -itum, tr use, apply, employ. 
Adiantum, -i, K sweet fern. 
Adimo, 3, -emi, -emptum, tr take away, remove. 
Adipiscor, adipisci, adeptus, sum, dep. . . . gain, attain, secure. 
Adjicio, 3, -jeci, -jectum, tr cast against, apply to, add. 
Adjuvo, -juvi, -jutum, tr aid, help. 
Adjutor, -oris, m assistant, clerk. 
Administratio, -onis, F practice, administration. 
Admisceo, 2, admiscui, admixtum (admistum),tr. mix or mingle together. 
AdrnOnltio, -onis, f admonition, warning. 
Admbveo, 2, -movi, -motum, tr apply, bring near. 
Adorno, 1, -avi, -atum, tr adorn. 
Adsum, -esse, -fui to be present. 
Aduro, 3, -ussi, -ustum, tr bum. 
Adventus, -us, M coming, approach. 
Adversus, adv. and prep opposite, facing. 
Adversus, -a, -um, adj adverse, opposite. 
iEger, aegra, aegrum, adj sick. 
Aegrotatio, -onis, r sickness. 
ASgyptius, -a, -um, adj Egyptian. 
Aequalis, -e, adj equal, uniform. 
adv equally. 
AEquus, -a, -um, adj just, even, level, like. 
Aequabiliter, ad equally, evenly, uniformly. 
Aer, aeris, m air, atmosphere. 
Aerugo, -inis, f rus£ of copper, verdigris. 
Aes, seris, N bronze, brass 
Aesculapius, -I, M rEsculapius (god of healing'). 
Aestivus, -a, -um, adj 0f summer, summer. 
Alstus, -us, M heat. 
Aether, aetheris, M ether. 
Affectus, -us, M affection, disease, malady. 
Affundo, 3, -fudi, -fhsum, tr pour, or sprinkle upon. LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
211 
Ager, agri, M field. 
Agito, 1, -avi, -atum, tr agitate, drive, stir. 
Agitatio, -onis, F agitation, stirring. 
Ago, 3, egi, actura, tr lead, drive, do. 
Agrestis, -e, adj of the field, wild. 
Agrlcbla, -se, F. [ager and cola, cultivator]. . . farmer. 
Aheneus, -a, -um, adj. (and ahenus) brazen. 
Albesco, 3, , intr grow white. 
Albumen, -Inis, N albumen, white of egg. 
Albus, -a, -um, adj white. 
Alcbhol, -is, m., or iudecl., n alcohol. 
Alcdhbllcus, -a, -um, adj alcoholic. 
Aletris, -Idis, F star-grass. 
Alienus, -a, -um, adj foreign, unsuitable, improper. 
Aliquantillum, -i, N a little, somewhat. 
Aliquis, -qua, -quid some, some one. 
( Aliquid b6ni something {of) good. 
I Aliquod bonum some good thing. 
Aliquando, adv some time, some time or other. 
Alius, -a, -ud, adj other. 
Aliquot, indecl., adj several, a few, not many. 
Allium, -i, N. (and alium) garlic. 
Alnus, -i, F alder. 
Aloe, -es, f . aloe. 
Alter, altera, alterum, adj one of two, the other. 
Alumen, -Inis, N alum. 
Aluta, -se, thinly-dressed leather. 
Alvus, -i, belly, paunch. 
Amans, -antis, particip., adj loving, fond. 
Amarus, -a, -um, adj bitter. 
Americanus, -a, -urn, adj American. 
Amicus, -!, M. - friend. 
Amitto, 3, -misi, -missum, tr loose, let go, send away. 
Ammonia, -se, ammonia. 
Ammoniacus, -a, -um, adj of Ammon, ammoniacal. 
Xmo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr love, like. 
Amomum, -i, N amomum {a spice shrub.) 
Amotio, onis, F displacement, removal. 
Amphdra, -86, jar, flagon. 
Amplus, -a, -um, adj ample, large. 
Amplius, adv. comp, deg more. 212 
LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
Ampulla, -a;, F bottle, jug, flask. 
Amygdala, -se, ahnond. 
Ansesthetlcus, -a, -um, adj anesthetic. 
Andreas, -se, m Andreas (a Greek physician). 
Angelica, -se, angelica. 
Anglice, adv in English. 
Angulus, -i, M . corner. 
Angustus, -a, - um, adj narrow. 
Animal, -alis, animal. 
Animadversio, -onis, F attention, censure. 
Animus, -i, mind, soul. 
Anisum, -i, anise. 
Annulus, -i, ring. 
Annus, -i, year. 
Antalgicus, -a, -um subduing pain. 
Ante, prep before. 
Antea, adv before, formet'ly. 
Anteeo, 4, -ii, , intr. [ante and eo] . ... go before, surpass. 
Antequam, adv before, before that. 
Anth6mis, -idis, r anthemis; chamomile. 
Antiddtum, -i, n antidote. 
Antlmonium, -i, antimony. 
Antlmouialis, -e, adj antimonial. 
Antiquitus, adv in ancient times. 
Antiquus, -a, -um, adj old, ancient. 
Autlpyretlcus, -a, -um, adj antipyretic; driving away fere 
Anus, us, F .... old woman. 
Aperio, 4, -ui, -turn, tr . t lay open, disclose. 
Apdtheca, -se, f store-house, store. 
Appello, 1, -avi, -atum, tr call, name. 
Applico, 1, -avi, -atum, tr appty> attach. 
Apponq, 3, apposui, appositum, tr op/%, put on. 
Apprehendo, 3, -hendi, -hensura, tr grasp, seize, lay hold of. 
Appropinquo, 1, -avi, -atum, intr approach, draw near. 
Apricus, -a, -um, adj sunny. 
Aptus, -a, -um, adj apt, fit, suitable. 
Aqua, -se, F water. 
Aquseductus, -us, M aqueduct. 
Aqudsus, -a, -um, adj watery, abounding in water. 
Arbor, -6ris, F tree. 
Arceo, 2, -ui, tr keep away, ward off. LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
213 
Arcesso, 3, arcessivi, arcessitum, tr send for, summon. 
Archagathus, -i. N. prop, {the jirst Greek surgeon 
Arete, adv closely, tightly. [a< Borne.) 
Arena, -se, f. ....... sand, sand-bath. 
Aridus, -a, -um, adj dry, arid. # 
Arist6l6chia, -se, f aristolochia, birthwort. 
Argentum, -i, silver. 
Arnica, -se, arnica. 
Aro, 1, -avi, -iltum, tr plough. 
Aromaticus, -a, -um, adj aromatic. 
Ars, artis, F art, 
Arsenas, -atis, N arsenate. 
ArsSnicum, -i, N., or arsenum, -i, N arsenic. 
Arsenis, -itis, arsenite. 
Articulus, -i, joint. 
Articularius, -a, -um of the joints 
Articularius morbus gout, 
Asiaticus, -a, -um, adj Asiatic. 
Assumo, 3, -sumpsi -sumptum, tr assume, take. 
Assus, -a, -um, adj. particip. . roasted. 
Ater, atra, atrum, adj • black, gloomy. 
Attendo, 3. -di, -turn, tr attend, stretch toward. 
Attente, adv attentively. 
Attollo, 3, raise up, lift. 
Attingo, 3, -tigi, -tactum, tr touch, attain, aim at. 
Attonitus, -a, -um, adj amazed, astounded. 
At, conj 6ut, but on the contrary. 
Auctus, -us, increase, growth. 
Audio, 4, -ivi, -itum, tr hear. 
Aufero, -ferre, [ab and ferre] abstuli, ablatum, tr. take or bear away. 
Aufdgio, 3, -fugi, , intr -flee, run away. 
Aula, -se, hall, court. 
Auris, -is, ear* 
Auripigmentum, -i, orpiment, yellow arsenic. 
Aut, conj or‘ 
Autem, conj but, however. 
Austerus, -a, -um, adj harsh, sour, 
Autalgia, -se, (localized) pain. 
Auxilium, -i, assistance. 
Balneum, -i, hath, bath-room. 
Balsamum, i, balsam. 214 
LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
Barbarum, -i, N name of a Roman plaster. 
Basis, -is, F .... base. 
Bdellium, -i, n vine-palm, and gum eroding 
Beatus, -a, -um, adj happy. \Jrom. ii 
B6ne, adv well. 
Benignus, -a, -um, adj kind, obliging. 
BerbCris, -Idis, F barberry tree. 
Bergamotta, -ae, F bergamot. 
Beta, -se, F beet. 
Beuzinum, -i, n benzin. 
Benzoinum, -i, n benzoin. 
Bibo, 3, blbi, tr drink. 
Blcarbonas, -atis, M bicarbonate. 
Biduum, -i, N space of two days. 
Biliosus, -a, -um, adj bilious. 
Bilis, -is, F bile. 
Bis, adv twice. 
Blsulphldum, -i, N bisulphide. 
Bltartras, -atis, M bilartrate. 
BIni, -se, -a, adj two-and-two. 
Bdlus, -i, m morsel, bite, bolus. 
Bdnus, -a, -um, adj good. 
Boras, -atis, m borax. 
Bos, bovis, M. and F ox, cow. 
Brachium, -i, n arm, upper arm. 
Brassica, -se, f cabbage. 
Breviter, adv briefly. 
Bromidum, -i, n bromide. 
Bromum, -i, n bromine, 
Buchu, indecl., N buchu. 
Bulbus, -i, m bulb. 
Bulliens, -entis, adj. part boiling 
Butyrum, -i, n butter. 
Burgundlcus, -a, -um, adj of Burgundy. 
Cacao, indecl., n cacao. 
Caffea, -se, F coffee. 
CalcTnatio, -onis, F calcination. 
Calefacio, 3, -feci, -factum, tr heat, make hot. 
Caldus, -a, -um, adj hot. 
Calens, -entis, adj warn. LATIN—ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
215 
calor, -oris, M heat. 
Calendula, -se, F calendula, wild marigold. 
Calumba, -se, F calumba. 
Calx, calcis, m. and f limestone. 
Campana, -se, f bell. 
Camphdra, -se, F camphor. 
Camphdratus, -a, -um, adj. . of camphor. 
Campas, -i, M plain, campus. 
Canadensis, -e, adj Canadian, Canada. 
Cancer, -cri, m cancer, a spreading ulcer. 
Canis, -is, M. and F dog. 
Cannabinus, -a, -um, adj of hemp, hempen. 
Cantharis, -idis, f Spanish fly, cantharis. 
Capax, -acis, adj capacious. 
Capillitium, -i, N hair of the head. 
Capio, 3, cepi, captum, tr, take. 
Capsicum, -i, sr Cayenne pepper, capsicum 
Capsflla, -se, F capsule. 
Capto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr catch, try to catch. 
Caput, -itis, n head. 
Carboneum, -i, n carbon {as element.) 
Carbo, -onis, M carbon, charcoal. 
Carbonas, -atis, M carbonate. 
Careo, 2, -ui, -Itum, intr want, lack. 
Carmen, -Inis, N song, charm. 
Cardamomum, -i, N cardamomum. 
Caro, camis, F flesh, meat. 
Carum, -i, N caraway. 
Carus, -a, -um, adj dear. 
Cascarilla, -se, F . cascarilla. 
Caseus, -i, m cheese. 
Cassia, -se, F cassia. 
Castoreum, -i, n castoreum. 
Casus, us, M. , . fall, mishap, chance. 
Carydp'hyllus, -i, clove-tree. 
Carydphyllum, -i, N clove. 
Cataplasma, -atis, N poultice. 
Catarrhus, -i, M catarrh. 
Catechu, indecl., N catechu. 
Cathartlcus, -a, -um, adj cathartic. 
Catinus, -i, h - dish, platter. 216 
LATIN—ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
Cato, -onis, M Cato (Roman censor). 
Caulis, -is, m stalk of plant; cabbage. 
Causa, -se, F cause, reason. 
Causticus, -a, -um, adj caustic, burning. 
Caute, adv cautiously, carefully. 
Caveo, 2, cavi, cautum, tr. and intr beware, avoid, 
Cedo, 3, cessi, cessum, tr. and intr yield, retire. 
C6l6riter, adv quickly, speedily. 
Celsus, -i, M Celsus {Roman physician). 
Cella, -86, F cellar, cell. 
Cepa, -se, F onion. 
Censeo, 2, censui, censum, tr think, believe. 
Cera, -se, F . . wax. 
Cerasum, -i, n cherry. 
Cfirfisus, -i, f cherry-tree. 
Cerebralis, -e, adj cerebral. 
Ceratum, -i, N cerate, “ a waxed dressing.” 
Ceratus, -a, -um, adj waxed. 
C6r6vlsia, -se, f beer. 
Certamen, -inis, n strife, contest. 
Certe, adv certainly, surely. 
Cervinus, -a, -um, adj of a stag, or hart. 
Cesso, 1, -avi, -atum, intr cease, stop, be idle. 
Cfitaceum, -i, n spermaceti, sperm. 
Cetraria, -se, F cetraria, Iceland moss. 
Certus, -a, -um, adj certain, fixed, definite. 
Cetfirus, -a, -um, adj the other, the rest. 
Chartaceus, -a, -um, adj of paper, paper. 
Chalchis, -Idis, m copper ore,precious stone,chalcite 
Chemia, -se, F chemistry. 
Chemicus, -a, -um, adj.; also noun chemical; chemist. 
Chlmaphila, -se, f chimaphila, wintergreen. 
Chiragra, -se, f gout in the hand. 
Chirata, se, F T chirata. 
Chirurgus, -i, m surgeon. 
Chloras, -atis, m chlorate. 
Chldral, alis, N., or chloral, indecl., N chloral. 
Chloralum, -i, n chloral. 
Chloratus, -a, -um, adj chlorinated, containing chlorine. 
Chloridum, -i, N chloride. 
Chloreforrnum, -i, k chloroform. 217 
LATIN—ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
Chiorum, -i, N chlorine. 
Cholera, -se, F cholera. 
Chrdnlcus, -a, -um, adj. chronie. 
Chrysarhbinum, -i, N chrysarobin. 
Cibus, -i, M food. 
Cimlfuga, -se, F cimifaga, black cohosh. 
Cicatrix, -icis, F scar. 
Cinchona cinchona. 
Cinchonidina, -se, F cinchonidin. 
Cinchonina, se, f dnchonina. 
Cicuta, -se, F hemlock. 
Cinnamdmum, -i, n cinnamon. 
Cio, 4, civi, citum, tr move, excite, promote. 
Circa, adv., prep., w. acc about, around. 
Citissime, adv most quickly. 
Cito, adv quickly, speedily, soon. 
Citras, -atis, M citrate. 
Citrus, -i, M citrus, lemon-lree. 
Clare, adj clearly. 
Clarificatio, -5nis, F clarification. 
Clarus, -a, -um, adj clear, bright, famous. 
Claudo, 3, clausi, clausum, tr close, shut. 
Claudico, 1, , intr halt, be lame. 
Claudus, -a, -um, adj lame. 
Cloaca, -se, F sewer, drain. 
CoSgtilum, -i, N rennet. 
Cdcaina, -se, F cocaine. 
Coccus, -i, M. and F cochineal. 
Cochleare, -is, N spoon. 
Coctio, -ouis, F cooking, coction. 
Coeo, 4, -ii, -Itum, intr combine, unite. 
Coerceo, 2, coercui, coercitum, tr check, restrain. 
Cognosco, 3, cognovi, cognitum, tr ascertain, learn. 
Coelum, -i, N sky, heaven. 
Coepi, coepisse, (preterit verb) begun, have begun. 
Cogltd, 1, -avi, -atum, tr. and intr think, consider. 
Cogo, 3, coegi, coactum, tr force together, collect. 
Cdhors, -ortis, F cohort. 
Cdhlbeo, 2, -ui, -itum, tr <-.... check, restrain. [strained. 
Colatura, -se, F, filtration; that which has been 
Colchicum, -i, N colchicum. 
Colla, -se, F glue. 218 
LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
Collodes, -es, f glue like. 
Colloquor, colloqui, collocutus sura,dep converse, talk with. 
Collide, 3, -isi, -isum, tr dash, or strike together. 
Colluvies, -ei, F filth, dirt, washing together of 
Collum, -i, N neck. [filth. 
Colo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr filter, strain. 
C6l5cynthis, -Idis, F colocynth. 
Cdlor, -oris, M color, complexion. 
Colum, -i, n filter, strainer, sieve. 
COlumba, -fe, F dove, pigeon. 
COmes, -itis, M companion, comrade. 
Comminutio, -onis, F comminution. 
Comminuo, 3, -ui, -utum, tr diminish, crush, break into 
Commentarium, -i, n commentary. [pieces. 
Commisceo, 2, commiscui, commistum, tr. . . . mix, mingle together. 
CommOdus, -a, -um, adj fit, suitable; affable. 
Communis, -e, adj common. 
Comparo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr prepare; match, compare. 
Comperio, 4, -pOri, -pertum, tr ascertain, find out, discover. 
Compono, 3, composui, compositum, tr compound, make up. 
Compositio, -onis, F compound composition. 
CompOsltus, -a, -um, adj - compound, composite. 
Concido, 3, -idi, -isum, tr cut up, cut to pieces. 
Concipio, 3, concepi, conceptum, tr contract, take, conceive. 
Concbquo, 3, -coxi, -coctum, tr cook, mature, ripen, digest. 
Concordo, 1, -avi, -atum intr agree. 
Concresco, 3, -crevi, -cretum, intr run together, thicken, grow lo- 
Condensatio, -onis, F condensation. [gelher. 
Condiscipulus, -i, M fellow-pupil. 
Conductus, -a, -um, particip induced, persuaded, hired. 
J Con-fero, conferre, contuli, collatum tr. . . . bring together, collect. 
I se conferre to betake ovds self, go. 
Conficio, 3, confeci, confectum, tr complete, finish. 
Confectio, -onis, f. confection, eleetuai'y. 
Confiteor, -fiteri, -fessus sum, dep confess. 
Congestio, -onis, r congestion. 
Congestivus, -a, -um. adj congestive. 
Conhibeo, 2, -ui. -itum, tr restrain, ward off. 
Conjicio, 3, conjeci, conjectum, tr throw, cast, fling together'. 
Conjecturo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr guess, conjecture. LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
219 
Conjectura, -se, f. [con and j icere] throwing together, conjecture, 
Conor, -ari, -atus sum, dep try, attempt, endeavor, [guess. 
Consilium, -i, N advice, counsel, plan, purpose. 
Constat (impersonal) it is agreed, evident, clear. 
Consto, 1, -stiti, -statum, intr make up of, consist of. 
Consido, 3, consedi, consessum, intr sit down, take a seat. 
Considero, 3, -avi, -atum, tr consider, deliberate. 
Conspectus, -us, m sight, seeing, view. 
Consumo, 3, consumpsi, consumptum, tr. . . . consume, spend. 
Consumptio, -onis, F consumption. 
ContSro, 3, -trivi, -tritum, tr bruise, pound, mash up. 
Contagiosus, -a, -um, adj contagious. 
Contentus, -a, -um, adj contented, satisfied. 
Continuo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr continue, keep on, prolong. 
Contineo, 2, continui, contentum, tr contain. 
Contingo, 3, contigi, contactum, tr. touch, happen. 
Continue, adv continuously, without break. 
f prep., against, contrary to ; adv. 
Contra, prep. w. acc. and adv 1 . ,, ,, , . 
’ 1 r on the contrary, on the other hand. 
Contrarius, -a, -um, adj contrary, opposite to. 
Contundo, 3, -tfldi, -tusum, tr bruise, crush. 
Con lusio, -onis, r contusion, bruise. 
Contusus, -a, -um, particip bruised. 
ConvGnio, 4, -eni, -entum, intr meet, come together. 
Convalesco, 3, convalui, intr. . recover health. 
Convallis, -is, F valley. 
Convulsio, -onis, F convulsion. 
Convulsivus, -a, -um, adj convulsive. 
Copia, -se, F supply, abundance. 
C6riandrum, -i, n coriander. 
CSpaiba, -ae, f copaiba. 
Cor, cordis, n heart. 
Cornu, -us, N horn. 
Cornus, -i, F., and -us, F cornus, dogwood. 
Cbquo, 3, coxi, coctum, tr cook; boil, bake, fry, etc. 
Corpus, -6ris, N body. 
Cortex, -Icis, M bark, rind, cork. 
Costum, -i, N an Indian shrub ivhich yields a 
Coxa, -ae, F hip, haunch, [fragrant ointment 
Cras, adv to-morrow. 
Crastinus, -a, -um, adj of to-morrow. 220 
LATIN— ENGLISH VOCABULARY, 
Crassus, -a, -um, adj. coarse, gross. 
Creber, -bra, -brum, adj frequent, repeated. 
Credo, 3, credidi, creditum credit, believe. 
Cresco, 3, crevi, cretum, intr grow, increase. 
Creta, -se, F chalk. 
Creticus, -a -um, adj of Crete, Cretan. 
Cribro, 1, -avi, -atum, tr sift. 
Cribrum, -i, n. . sieve. 
Crocus, -i, M saffron. 
Crdcio, 1, -avi, -atum, tr. torture. 
Crudelis, -e, adj cruel. 
Cruentus, -a, -um, adj bloody. 
Crudus, -a, -um, adj raw, crude. 
Crystallus, -i, M. . . crystal. 
Cubans, -antis, adj lying sick, patient. 
Cubeba, -se, F. mbeb. 
Cucumis, -6ris, m. . . . cucumber. 
Cucurbita, -se, f gourd, watermelon plant; cup- 
Cdcurbltdla, -ae, f cupping-glass. {.ping glass. 
Culpa, -se, F ' . .fault, blame. 
Cur, adv why. 
Culter, -tri, M knife. 
Cura, -se, F. . . . . care. 
Curatio, -onis, f » taking care; curing, cure. 
Curo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr care for, cure, dress. 
Cursor, -oris, M runner. 
Cupreus, -a, -um, adj of copper, copper. 
Cutis, -is, f skin, complexion. 
Cum, prep. w. abl with. 
Cylindratus, -a, -um, adj . cylindrical. 
Cynthus, -i, M small cup, wine glass. 
Damnum, -i, N loss, damage. 
Daucum, -i, N carrot. 
De, prep. w. abi concerning, about. 
Debeo, 2, debui, debitum, tr owe, ought. 
Debilis, -e, adj feeble, weak. 
Decantatio, -onis, F pouring off, racking. 
Decanto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr rack off, decant. 
Decem, adj ten. 
Decet, 2, decuit, impersonal it becomes, is fitting, is right. LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
221 
Decido, 3, -idi, intr fall down, fall from. 
Decimus, -a, -um, adj tenth. 
Decoctio, -onis, cooking down, boiling away. 
Decoctura, -i, N decoction. 
Decoquo, 3, -coxi, -coctum, tr cook down, boil away. 
Ded6cus, -5ris, N disgrace, shame. 
Defaeco, 1, -avi, -atum, tr drain off, rack. 
Defervgfado, 3, -feci, -factum, tr heat thoroughly. 
Defessus, -a, -um, adj tired out, weary. 
Defingo, 3,-finxi, tr .form, shape. 
Definio, 4, -ivi, -ii, -itum, tr define. 
Deflagratio, -onis, conflagration, burning down. 
Defluo, 3, -uxi, intr flow down, fall off. 
Defundo, 3, -udi, -usum, tr pour out or off. 
Degusto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr toste. 
Deinde, adv - \ then, after that. 
Deiu, adv -* 
Delenimentum, -i, N soothing application. 
Deleo, 2, -evi, -etum tr. destroy. 
Deligo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr bind, tie. 
Deminuo, 8, -ui, -utum, tr diminish. 
Demitto, 3, -isi, -issum, tr. send, let, cast, or throw down. 
Demonstro, 1, -avi, -atum, tr point out, show, prove. 
Denique, adv finally, lastly. 
Densus, -a, -um, adj derise, mowded. 
Denuo, adv. [de and novo] anew, again. 
Deprimo, 3, -pressi, -pressum, tr press down, sink. 
Depsticius, -a, -um adj kneaded. 
Depuro, 1, -avi, -atum, tr purify. 
Derivatio, -onis, derivation. 
Derivo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr derive. 
Descendo, 3, descendi, descensum, intr descend, go down. 
Desidero, 1, -avi, -atum, tr long for, want, desire. 
Desideratus, -a, -um, partic desired, longed for. 
Desiccatio, -onis, desiccation, drying. 
Desicco, 1, -avi, -atum, tr dry, make dry. 
Desisto, 3, -stiti, -stltum, intr cease, desist. 
Despero, 1, -avi, -atum, intr despair. 
Despumatus, -a, -um, adj clarified. 
Destillatus, -a, -um, adj distilled. 
Destillatio, -5nis, distillation. 222 
LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
Destillo, 1, -avi, -atum, intr distil, drop. 
Desudo, 1, -avi, -atum, intr sweat greatly. 
Detraho, 3, -axi, -actum, tr draw, take away. 
Devoro, 1, -avi, -atum, tr swallow whole, devour. 
Dexter, -tra, -trum, and -tera, -terum, adj. . . . right. 
Diagnosis, -is, F diagnosis. 
Diaphoresis, -is, P perspiration. 
Dico, 3, dixi, dictum, tr. say, speak, declare. 
Dies, -ei, m day. 
Dif-fero, -ferre, distuli, dilatum [dis, apart, and | # 
ferre to bear] J 
Difficilis, -e, adj difficult. 
DigSratio, -onis, F arranging, digestion. 
Diggro, 3, -gessi, -gestum, tr distribute, arrange, digest. 
Digestio, -onis, F distribution, digestion. 
Digitalis, -is, f digitalis, fox-glove. 
Digitus, -i, M finger. 
Diligens, -entis, adj diligent, attentive, careful. 
Diligenter, adv diligently, carefully. 
Dilutus, -a, -um, adj diluted, weakened. 
Dimidia, -a, F half. 
Dimidium, -i, N half. 
Dimidius, -a, -um, adj halved, half. 
Diphthgria, -ae, f diphtheria. 
Discipulus, -i, m pupil, scholar. 
Discedo, 3, -cessi, -cessum, intr ... go away, depart, separate. 
Disco, 3, didici leam. 
Dispensatorium, -i, n dispensatory. 
Dispensatio, -onis, F weighing out, dispensing. 
Dissipo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr scatter, waste. 
Distentio, -onis, F stretching, distention. 
DistCro, 3, -trivi, tr rub, grind well. 
Diu, adv a long time ; in the daytime 
Diurnus, -ae, -um, adj in the daytime, by day. 
Dives, -itis, adj rich. 
Divitiae, -arum, f riches, wealth. 
Diversus, -a, -um, adj opposed, diverse, contrary. 
Divide, 3, -visi, -visum, tr divide. 
Do, 1, dare, dedi, datum, tr. give. 
Doceo, 2, docui, doctum, tr teach. 
Doctus, -a, -um, adj learned. LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
223 
Doleo, 2, -ui, -itum, tr. and intr grieve, be in pain. 
Dolor, -oris, M pain, smart, grief. 
Dolorosus, -a, -um, adj painful. 
Dolus, -i, M wile, trick. 
Domesticus, -a, -um, adj domestic. 
DOmlnus, -i, m master, proprietor. 
DOmus, -us, f house, acc. home; domi, at home. 
Dormio, 4, -ivi, and ii, -Itum, intr. sleep. 
Ddnec, conj until, as long as. 
Dosis, -is, f dose. 
Drachma, -se, F drachm. 
Drama, -&tis, n. . drama, play. 
Dubito, 1, -avi, -atum, intr doubt, he uncertain. 
Dubius, -a, -um, adj doubtful, be uncertain. 
Duco, 3, duxi, ductum, tr lead. 
Dulcis, -e, adj sweet, pleasant. 
Dum, conj. and adv while, as long as, until. 
Duo, -se, -o, adj . two. 
Duplex, -Icis, adj double, twofold. 
Durus, -a, -um, adj hardy, tough, rugged. 
Dux, ducis, m leader. 
Dyspepsia, -a, f , . dyspepsia. 
Dyspeptlcus, -se, -um, adj. and noun dyspeptic. 
Dyspnoea, -se, f difficulty of breathing. 
E, ex, prep., w. abl out of, from. 
Ebullio, 4, -ivi, -ii, tr. and intr boil, bubble up. 
Ebur, 6ris, N ivory. 
Edo, OdSre and esse, edi, esum, tr eat. 
Educo, 3, eduxi, eductum, tr lead out, draw out. 
Effectus, -us, m effect, power, efficacy. 
Ef-fero, efferre, extuli, elatum, tr carry out, bear forth. 
Effervesco, 3, efferbui, tr. and intr effervesce, begin to boil. 
Efficio, 3, effeci, effectum, tr cause, make, effect. 
Effundo, 3, effudi, effusum, tr pour out, empty. 
Effugio, 3, effugi, effugitum, tr. and intr. . . . flee, escape. 
Effusio, -onis f pouring out or off. 
Egeo, 2, egui, intr need, want. 
Ego, mei, etc I- 
Elabor, 3, elabi, elapsus sum, dep slide or slip away, escape. 
Elateriurn, -i, wild cucumber, elaterium. 224 
LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
Elatus, -a, -um, partic., fr. eflero dated, uplifted. 
Elasticus, -a, -um, adj elastic, stretching. 
Electuarium, -i, n electuary, confection. 
Electus, -a, -um, partic., fr. eligo chosen, selected. 
Elegans, -antis, adj degant. 
Elicio, 3, -cui, -citum, tr draw out, elicit. 
Elixir, -iris, n elixir. 
Elixus, -a, -um, adj boiled. 
Emgtlcum, -i, u an emetic. 
Emeticus, -a, -um, adj emetic. 
Emissio, -onis, f. . sending or letting out, emission. 
Emo, 3, emi, emptum buy. 
Emolliens, -entis, adj emollient, softening. 
Emollio, 4, -ivi, -ii, -itum, tr soften, make tender. 
Empiricus, -i, empiric, quack. 
Emplastrum, -i, N plaster. 
Emptor, -oris, M buyer, purchaser. 
Emulsum, -i, N emulsion. 
En, interj. Io/ see! look there! 
Enema, -atis, dyster, injection. 
Enim, conj for, namely. 
Eo, ire, ivi, and ii, Itum, intr. .# go. 
Eplspastlcus, -a, -um, adj blistering. 
Epistomium, i, stopper, stop-cock, stopple. 
Equidem, conj indeed, truly. 
Ergdta, -ae, f ergot. 
Erlgo, 3, erexi, erectum, tr. erect, prick up. 
Erro, 1, -avi, -atum, intr err, make a mistake. 
Error, oris, error, mistake. 
Erudio, 4, -ivi and -ii, -itum, tr instruet. 
Eruditus, -a, -um, adj learned, refined. civilized. 
Erumpo, 3, -rupi, -ruptum, tr. and intr break forth, cause to break jorth. 
Ervum, -i, pulse, vetch. 
Erythroxjdon, -i, erythroxylon, coca. 
Essentia, -ae, essence. 
Etiam, adv. and conj also. 
Exactus, -a, -um, part, adj exact, precise. 
Exedrio, 1, -avi, -atum, tr skin, flay. 
Excito, 1, -avi, atum, tr excite, raise up. 
Excipio, 3, -cepi, -ceptum, tr receive, except. 
Excipulum, -i, receptacle. 
Excelsus, -a, -um, adj tall, high. LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
225 
Excerpo, 3, -psi, -ptum, tr take out, select. 
Exclamo, 1, -avi, -atum exclaim, cry out. 
Exeo, 4, -ii, -itum, intr go out. 
Exedo, 3, -edi, -esum, tr eat up, consume. 
Exerceo, 2, exercui, exercitum, tr exercise, practice, train. 
Exercitatio, onis, P exercise. 
Exhaurio, 4, -hausi, -haustum, tr. ..... . draw off, exhaust. 
Exhibeo, 2, -ui, -itum, tr give, offer to, show. 
Exigo, 3, -egi, exactum, tr exact, demand. 
Eximo, 3, -emi, -emptum, tr take out, except. 
Eximius, -a, -um, adj remarkable. 
Existimo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr think, estimate. 
Expecto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr expect, wait for. 
Expectatus, -a, -um, part, adj expected. 
Experientia, -se, F experience. 
Experimentum, -i, n experiment. 
Expertus, -a, -um, adj. experienced, skillful. 
ExpSrior, 4, -periri, -pertus sum, dep test, make use oj. 
Explico, 1, -avi, -atum, tr unfold, explain. 
Exprimo, 3, -pressi, -pressum, tr express, press out. 
Extendo, 3, -di, -tum and -sum, tr stretch out, extend. 
Extraho, 3 -traxi, -tractum, tr draw out, extract. 
Extractum, -i, N , extract. 
Exsicco, 1, -avi, -atum, tr dry, dry out. 
Exsiccatus, -a, -um part dried out, dry. 
Exseco, 1, -secui, -sectura, tr cut out, cut away. 
Exsugo, 3, -suxi, -suctum, tr suck out. 
Eupatbriurn, -i, N thoroughwort, eupatorium. 
Euonymus, -i, F wahoo, euonymus. 
Evapdro, 1, -avi, -atum, tr evaporate. 
Evaporatio, -onis, p evaporation. 
Eventus, -us, M event, result. 
Faba, -se, F bean. 
Fabulus, -i, M a small bean. [general.] 
Fabricius, -i, m Fabricius (a famous Roman 
Fabrico, 1, -avi, -atum, tr make, fabricate. 
Fabrica, -se, F workshop, manufactory. 
Fabula, -se, f- . fable, story. 
Facilis, -e, adj easy. 
Facile, adv easily. 226 
LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
Facio, 3, feci, factum, tr made, do. 
Fallo, 3, fefelli, falsum, tr . deceive, disappoint, miss. 
Fallax, -acis, adj fallacious, deceitful. 
Falx, -cis, f sickle. 
Fama, -se, f report. 
Familia, -se, F family, household. 
Farina, -se, f flour, meal. 
Fascia, -se, f bandage. 
Fascicfllus, -i, M package, bundle. 
Fastldidsus, -a, -um, adj . fastidious, dainty. 
Fastidio, 4, -ivi and -ii, -itum, tr scorn, disdain. 
Fatalis, -e, adj fatal. 
Faux, faucis, F gullet, pharynx, throat. 
Febrilis, -e, adj febrile, causing fever. 
Febricula, -se, F light fever. 
Febris, -is, F fever. 
Febricito, 1, -avi, -atum, intr be ill of fever, have fever. 
Fel, fellis, n gall. 
Femina, -se, f woman, female. 
Fere, adv almost. 
Fermentum, -i, n cause of ferment, leaven. 
Ferreus, -a, -um, adj of iron, iron. 
Ferrum, -i, N iron. 
Ferve, adv hotly. 
Fervens, -entis, adj., part hot, boiling. 
Fervidus, -a, -um, adj hot, boiling. 
Fervo, 3, fervi be hot, burn, glow. 
Festino, 1, -avi, -atum, tr. and intr. - hasten. 
Ficus, -i and -us, f fig-tree, fig. 
Fideliter, adv faithfully. 
Fidus, -a, -um, adj faithful, trusty. 
Filia, -se, F daughter'. 
Filius, -i, M ■ son. 
Filtro, 1, -avi, -atum, tr filter. 
Filum, -i, N thread, fine line. 
Fiuio, 4, -ivi, -ii, -itum, tr end, finish. 
Finis, -is, M end, limit. 
Fio, figri, factus sum make, be made, become. 
Firme, adv firmly. 
Fixus, -a, -um, adj. part fixed, established. 
Flagellum, -i, N scourge, lash. LATIN—ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
227 
Flavesco, 3, , intr grow yellow, be yellow. 
Fleo, 2, -flevi, -fletum, intr. and tr weep, bewail. 
Flexilis, -e, adj flexible. [flui. 
Florens, -entis, adj., part flourishing, prosperous, success- 
Flos, -oris, m flower. 
Fluidus, a, -um, adj fluid, flowing. 
Fluo, 3, fluxi, fluxum, intr flow. 
Fluor, -oris, M fluidity, flowing, flux. 
Fluxus, -us, M a flawing, flux. 
FOcus, -i, M hearth. 
Fcenlcfllum, -i, N fennel. 
Fdlium, -i, N leaf. 
Fons, fontis, M fountain, spring, well. 
Fontanus, -a, -um, adj of fountain, fountain. 
FOramen, -inis, N opening, hole. [motion. 
FOras, adv out of doors, out (with verbs of 
Formo, 1, -avi, atum, tr form, mould, fashion. 
Formula, -ae, F. formula, rule. 
Fors, fortis, F chance. 
Forsau, adv perhaps. 
Fortis, -e, adj brave, bold. 
FOveo, 2, fovi, fotum, tr nourish, foster, warm. 
Fractus, -a, -um, adj., part, adj broken. 
Fractura, -se, f fracture, break. 
Frilgilis, -e, adj brittle, fragile. 
Fragor, -oris, M a breaking, noise, explosion. 
Frango, 3, -fregi, -fractum, tr break, fracture. 
Frater, -tris, M brother. 
Frigidus, -a, -um, adj cold. 
Frons, frontis, F forehead, brow. 
Fructus, -us, M fruit, enjoyment. 
Frumentum, -i, N corn, grain. 
Fruor, frui, frultus or fructus sum, dep enjoy. 
Frustra, adv in vain. 
Fuligo, -inis, F soot. 
Funda, -se, f bag. 
Fundamentum, -i, N foundation, base. 
Funditus, adv from the foundation. 
Fundus, -i, M bottom. 
Fuscus, -a, -um, adj dark brown. 
Fusio, -onis, F fusion, melting 228 
LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
Galla, -ae, oak-apple, nutgall. 
Gallicus, -a, -um, adj of Gaul, French. 
GaulthSria, -ae, f. . . . wintergreen, gaullheria. 
Gglatina, -se, F., and gelatinum, -i, N gelatin. 
Gelsemium, -i, sr gelsemium. 
Gelu, -us or -u, N., . frost, cold. 
Gener, generi, m son-in-law. 
Genus, -6ris, N kind, sort, race. 
Geranium, i, N geranium. 
Germanus, -a, -um, adj , (or Germanicus) . . . Gennan. 
Germen, -Inis, n geim, bud. 
Gigno, 3, genui, genitum, tr beget, bear, produce. 
Glaber, -bra, -brnra, adj .... smooth, bald, bare. 
Gladius, -i, m sword. 
Gluten, -Inis, N gluten, glue. 
Glutino, 1, -avi, -atum, tr glue, paste, close up. 
Glucosa, -ae, F glucose. 
Glycerinum, -i, N glycerin. 
Glyceritum, i, N glycerile. 
Glycyrrhiza, -se, F liquorice. 
Gnidius, -a, -um, adj of Gnidus. 
Gossypium, -i, n. cotton. 
Graecus, -a, -um, adj Greek, Grecian. 
Grildatim, adv little by Utile, gradually. 
Gradus, -us, M grade, step. 
Granum, -i, n grain. 
Granulatio, -onis, F granulation. 
Grana, -se, f grace, favor. 
Gratiam habere to be grateful. 
Gratus, -a, -um, adj acceptable, pleasing. 
Gravis, -e, adj heavy, grave, disagreeable, 
Guaiilcum, -i, n guiaeum. 
Gummi, indecl., and gummis, -is, f gum. 
Gummosus, -a, -um, adj of gum, gummy. 
Gusto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr toste. 
Gutta, -se, f drop. 
HJlbeo, 2, -ui, -itum, tr have, hold, possess. 
Habito, 1, -avi, -atum, intr reside, live, abide. 
Haematites, -se, M bloodstone, haematite. 
Hsematoxylon, -i, N logwood, hcematoxylon. 
Hsereo, 2, hsesi, haesum, intr stick, adhere. 
Haud, adv not, by no means. LATIN-ENGLI8H VOCABULARY. 
229 
Haustus, -us, M drink, draught. 
Hedeoma, -se, f. . . pennyroyal, hedeoma. 
Hemina, -se, F . . . . half-pint. 
Heri, adv yesterday. 
Herba,-06* p. herb, grass, plant. 
Hie, h0ec, hoc this. 
Hiems, hiemis, f winter. 
Hilaris, -e, adj cheerful, jovial, merry. 
Hircinus, -a, -um, adj of a goat, goat-skin. 
Hispanicus, -a, -um, adj Spanish. 
Hirudo, -inis, r. leech, blood-sucker. 
Hirundo, -inis, F swallow. 
Hodie, adv . . . . to-day. 
Hbdiernus, -a, -um, adj of to-day. 
Homo, hominis, M man, human being. 
Horribilis, -e, adj horrible, dreadful, frightful. 
Hue, adv hither. 
Hujus-mOdi (hie and mOdus) of this sort or kind. 
Humanus, -a, -um, adj human. 
Humecto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr moisten. 
Hydrargyrum, -i, N mercury. 
Hydrastis, -is, F hydrastis. 
Hydrometrum, -i, N hydrometer. 
HydrOphObia, -:e, hydrophobia, fear of water 
Hyoscyamus, -i, henbane. 
Hypericon, -i, hypericon, St. John’s ivort. 
HypOgastrium, -i, N stomach, belly. 
HypOcistis, -idis, hypocistis. 
HypOphosphis, itis., hypophosphite. 
Hyoscyamus, -i, M hyoscyamus, henbane. 
Ibi, adv there. 
Idem, eadem, Idem, pro the same. 
Idoneus, -a, -um, adj suitable, fit, proper. 
Ideo, adv therefore, then. 
Igitur conj /or this reason, therefore 
ignarus, -a, -um not knowing, stupid. 
Iguatia, -se, ignatia {bean). 
Ignis, -is, fire• 
Ignitio, onis, F ignition, a burning. 
Ignorantia, -se, F ignorance. 
Ignosco, 3, -ovi, -otum, intr. (w. dat.) pardon, forgive. 
Ille, -a, -ud, pron that, he, she, etc. 230 
LATIN—ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
Illino, 3, illevi, illitum, tr smear, daub. 
IllTus-m6di of that sort, of such a sort, kind. 
Illuc, adv thither, in that direction. 
Illustris, -e, adj light, clear, bright. 
Illyricus, -a, -um, adj Illyrian. 
Immaturus, -a, -um, adj immature, unripe. 
Immitto, 3, -misi, -missum, tr send in, put in. 
Immo, adv yes, certainly. 
Immundus, -a, -um, adj unclean, dirty, filthy. 
ImpCdio, 4, -ivi, or -ii, -itum, tr impede, hinder. 
Imperator, -oris, M commander, emperor. 
Impero, 1, -avi, -atum, intr. and tr command, order. 
Impetus, -us, M attack, shock, force, 
Implger, -gra, -gram, adj active, diligent. 
ImpCrltus, -a, -um, adj inexperienced, unskillful. 
Impleo, 2, -evi, -etum, tr fill. 
Impono, 3, -posui, -positum, tr put in, or on; place in. 
Impraegno, 1, -avi, -atum, tr impregnate. 
Impuras, -a, -um, adj impure. 
Imus, a, -um, adj. [superl, of inferus.] .... deepest, lowest. 
In, p. w. acc. and abl into; in, on. 
Inaequalis, -e, adj unequal, uneven. 
Inaequaliter, adv. . . unequally. 
Inattentus, -a, -um, adj inattentive. 
Incanto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr sing, charm. 
Incido, 3, -cidi, -cisum, tr cut, cut into. 
Incido, 3, -cidi, -casum, intr fall upon, happen, occur. 
IncInSratio, -onis, F reducing to ashes. 
Incipio, 3, -cepi, -ceptum, tr. and intr begin, take in hand. 
Includo, 3, -clusi, -clusum, tr include, shut in. 
Inde, adv thence, from that time. 
Indico, 3, -avi, -atum, tr indicate, show. 
Indo, 3, -dldi, -dltura, tr. set, pul, or place in. 
Indoctus, -a, -um, adj untaught, ignorant. 
Induco, 3, -duxi, -ductum, tr lead, or bring in, induce. 
Indus, -a, -um, adj Indian. 
Ineo, 4, inii, initum enter, go in. 
Ineptus, -a, -um, adj undiscerning, foolish. 
Inexpertus, -a, -um, adj . inexperienced. 
Infelix, -icis, adj unhappy, unfortunate. 
Infero, -ferre, -ttlli, illatum, tr bring in; cause, make. LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
231 
Inferus, -a, -um, adj low. 
Inflammatio, -onis, F inflammation. 
Inflatus, -a, -um, adj. part swollen, inflated. 
Infundo, 3, -fudi, -fusum, tr pour in, or upon. 
Infusio, -onis, F infusion. 
Ingravesco, 3, , intr grow heavy, become worse. 
IngrSdior, 3, -gredi, -gressus sum, dep enter, begin. 
Infirmus, -a, -um, adj infirm, weak. 
Inimicus, -i, M enemy. 
Inimicus, -a, -um, adj unfriendly, hostile. 
Initium, -i, N beginning. 
Injicio, 3, -jeci, -jectum, tr inject, cast in; put on. 
Injucundus, -a, -um, adj unpleasant, disagi'eeable. 
Injuria, -se, F injury, wrong. 
Inquino, 1, -avi, -atum, tr contaminate, deprave. 
Inquam, irreg I say (“ says 1”). 
Inrasus, -a, -um, part, from inrado scraped, grated (“grated in".) 
Inscientia, -86, F ignorance. 
Inscius, -a, -um, adj not knowing. 
Inscribo, 3, -scripsi, -scriptum, tr inscribe. 
Inspecto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr inspect, examine. 
Inspergo, 3, -spersi, -spersum, tr sprinkle on, or in. 
Inspicio, 3, -spexi, -spectum, tr inspect, look into. 
Insilia, -ae, island. 
Insomniosus, -a, -um, adj sleepless, wakeful. 
Instillo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr drop in, instil. 
Instrumentum, -i, N. instrument. 
Intelllgo, 3, -lexi, -lectum, tr understand, perceive. 
Intendo, 3, intendi, intentum, tr apply, direct. 
Inter, prep. w. acc between, among. 
Interdum, adv sometimes, now and then. 
Interficio, 3, -feci, -fectum, tr. kill, slay. 
Interim, adv meanwhile. 
Interior, oris, adj. comp, deg interior, inner. 
Intermissio, -onis, F intermission. 
Internus, -a, -um, adj. ... internal, interior. 
Interpretatio, -onis, F interrelation, explanation. 
Interr6go, 1, -avi, -atum, tr question, examine. 
Intersum, interesse, interfui be between; differ. 
Intervallum, -i N interval, space. 
Interventio, -onis, F intervention. 232 
LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
Intro, 1, -avi, -atum . . enter. 
Intumeseo, k3, intumui, intr swell. 
Intueor, 2, -tueri, -tuitus sum, dep look at, or upon. 
Intibus, -i, M and F endive, succory. 
Inv6nio, 4, -veni, -ventum, tr invent, find, discover. 
Investigatio, -onis, f investigation. 
Investigo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr . investigate, find. 
Invitus, -a, -um, adj unwilling. 
Involvo, 3, involvi, involutum, tr vrrap up, involve. 
lodidum, -i, N iodide. 
Iodum, -i, n iodine. 
Ipficacuanha, -se, F ipecac. 
Ipse, -a, -um, pron. intensive himself, herself, etc. 
Ira, -se, f anger. 
Iratus, -a, -um, adj . angry. 
Irinus, -a, -um, adj of iris. 
Iris, Idis, f iris. 
Irritatio, -onis, F irritation. 
Is, ea, id, pron this, that, he, etc. 
Iste, ista, istud, pron that man, that woman, etc. 
Ita, adv so, thus. 
Itaque, couj and so, and thus, therefore. 
Item, adv likewise, in like manner. 
Iterum, adv again. 
Jacio, jeci, jactum, tr throw. 
Jacto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr throiv often ; boast. 
Jalapa, -se, f ...... jalap. 
Jamaica, -se, F Jamaica. 
Jam, adv now, already. 
Jam-jam another form of jam. 
Jecur, jecdris, N liver. 
Jejunus, a, -um, adj hungry, fasting. 
Jubeo, 2, jussi, jussura, tr order, command. 
Jucundus, -a, -um, adj pleasing, joyful. 
Juglans, juglandis, F walnut. 
Juncus, -i. M bulrush. 
Junior, -oris, adj younger, junior. 
Jurgo, 1, -avi, -atum, intr quarrel, wrangle. 
Jurulentus, -a, -um, adj in broth, in gravy. 
Jus, juris, law. 
Jusjurandum, jurisjurandi, N oath. LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
Jussus, -us, M order, command. 
Justus, -a, -um, adj just, right. 
Juvenis, -is, M. and F o youth, young. 
Kali, indecl., N kali, potash. 
Krameria, -se, F krameria. 
Kanseusis, -e, adj of Kansas, Kansan. 
Labor, -oris, M labor, toil. 
Laboro, 1, -avi, -atum, intr labor, work. 
Lacertus, -i, m lizard, newt. 
Lacrima, -se, F tear. 
Lactas, -atis, M lactate. 
Lact6m6trum, -i, n lactometer. 
Lactophosphas, -atis, m lactophosphate. 
Lactuca, -se, F lettuce. 
Lactucarium, -i, n laetucarium. 
Lsedo, 3, Isesi, Isesum, tr hurt, injure. 
Lsetus, -a, -um, adj glad, joyful. 
Lsevus, -a, -um, adj left. 
Lamina, -se, F plate, blade. 
Languesco, 3, laugui, intr languish, grow faint. 
Lanius, -i, M butcher. 
Lappa, -se, f burdock. 
Lapis, -idis, M stone. 
Laserpitium, -i, N laserpitium. 
Lassus, -a, -um, adj tired, weary. 
Latine, adv in Latin. 
Latinus, -a, -um, adj Latin. 
Latus, 6ris, N side, flank. 
Laureus, -a, -um, adj of laurel. 
Laudo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr praise. 
Lavo, 1, lavavi, often lavi, lavatum, lautum, and 
lotum, tr wash, bathe. 
Lavandiila, -se, F lavender. 
Laxo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr loosen, relax. 
Lebes, -etis, M caldron, kettle, basin. 
LSgo, 3, legi, lectum, tr pick, cull, read. 
Legislator, -oris, M legislator. 
Lenis, -e, adj light, gentle, mild. 
Leniter, adv gently, slowly, moderately. 234 
LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
Lente, adv slowly. 
Lenticula, -se, F. lentil. 
Lenio, 4, -ivi, or -ii, -itum, tr soothe, calm, assuage. 
Lentus, -a, -um, adj lough, sticky; slow. 
LgpCriuus, ■ a, -um, adj of a hare. 
Leptandra, -se, F leptandra. 
Letalis, -e, adj deadly. 
Letifer, -fera, -ferum, adj death-bringing, deadly. 
Levamentum, -i, N relief, alleviation. 
Lfiviter, adv lightly. \_substances. 
Levigatio, -onis, F levigation, trituration of moist 
L6vo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr lighten, relieve. 
LCvis, -e, adj light, quick. 
Lex, legis, f law. 
Libellus, -i, M list, small writing. 
Libenter, adv freely, gladly, willingly. 
Libero, 1, -avi, -atum, tr liberate, free. 
Liber, -bri, hook. 
Libra, -se, F pound, balance. 
Libum, -i, N cake, cheese-cake. 
Licet, 2, licuit, impersonal it is permitted, is lawful, may. 
Ligneus, -a, -um, adj wooden, of wood. 
Lignum, -i, N wood. 
Limon, -onis, F lemon. 
Limpidus, -a, -um, adj. . limpid, clear. 
Lingua, -se, F tongue, language. 
Linimentum, -i, N liniment. 
Linum, -i, N linen, of flax. 
Liquor, -oris, M liquor, fluid, liquid. 
Liquefacio, 3, -feci, -factum, tr melt, dissolve. 
Liquo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr liquefy, melt. 
Liquidus, -a, -um, adj liquid. 
Lis, litis, f strife, contention. 
Lbcus, -i, M place. 
LbbClia, -se, f lobelia. 
Longus, -a, -um, adj . . long, tedious. 
Lotio, -onis, f lotion, wash. 
Ludus, -i, m play, game, school. 
Ludo, 3, lusi, lusum, tr. and intr play, sport. 
Lumbus, -i, M loin. 
Ldpulinum, -i, N lupidin {found in hap flowers.) LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
235 
Luxo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr displose, put out of joint. 
Luxum, -i, dislocation. 
Lytta, -se, Spanish fly. 
Maceratio, -onis, f maceration. 
Mac6ro, 1, -avi, -atom, tr macerate, soak. 
MScula, -se, spot, mesh in net, or in sieve. 
Madefa,cio, 3, -feci, -factum, tr wet, make wet, moisten. 
Madidus, -a, -urn, adj wet, moist, soaked. 
Magister, -tri, master, teacher. 
Magisterium, -i, n instruction, advice. 
Magnesia, -se, magnesia. 
Magnitudo, -inis, magnitude, size. 
Magnus, -a, um, adj large, great. 
Malabathrum, -i, malobathrum. 
Malacensis, -e, adj of Malaga. 
Malagma, -atis, emollient poultice, cataplasm. 
Male, adv badly, ill. 
Malignus, -a, -um, adj malignant, evil. [rather 
Malo, malle, malui he more willing, prefer, would 
Malum, -i, N. . * apple. 
Malus, -a, -um, adj had, evil, wicked. 
Mandatum, -i, mandate, command, direction. 
Mando, 1, -avi, -atum, tr entrust, consign, commit. 
Mane, indecl. N morning. 
Maneo, 2, mansi, mansum, intr remain, stay. 
Manifestus, -a, -um, adj manifest, plain. 
Manus, -us, hand. 
Marinus, -a, -um, adj marine, of the sea. 
Marrubium, -i, horehound. 
Marsupium, -i, N purse. 
Mascdlus, -a, -um, adj male, strong. 
Massa, -se mass, doughy mixture. 
M assab yd rargy r i blue mass. 
Mastico, 1, -avi, -atum, tr masticate, chew. 
Mater, -tris, mother. 
Maternus, -a, -um, adj maternal, mother. 
Maturo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr. and intr mature, ripen, soften. 
Maturus, -a, -um, adj mature, ripe. 
Maxime, adv most, greatly. 
Medea, -se, Medea (a famous sorceress of 
MSdeor, 2, -eri,--dep heal, cure. [Colchis. 236 
LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
Medicamentarius, -a, um, adj. and n of medicine; a druggist. 
Medicamentum, -i, n drug, medicine. 
Medicamentosus, -a, -um, adj medicinal. 
Medicatus, -i, m medicated. 
Medicinalis, -e, adj medicinal, of medicine. 
Medicor, 1, -ari, atus sum, dep heal, cure. 
Medicus, -i, m physician. 
Medius, -a, -um, adj middle, intermediate, medium. 
Mei, mellis, N honey. 
Memini, meminisse, preterit verb remember. 
Membrum, -i, n member, limb. 
Mensura, -se, F measure, volume. 
Meustruubi, -i, n menstruum, solvent. 
Mensis, -is, m month. 
Mentha, -se, F mint. 
Mentba piperita, -se, F peppermint. 
Mens, mentis, f mind, disposition. 
Mensura, -se, F measure. 
M6racus, -a, -um, adj. pure, unmixed. 
Mercator, -oris, m wholesale merchant. 
Merces, -edis, F hire, wages. 
Mereor, 2. -eri, Itus sum, dep merit, deserve. 
Mersus, -a, -um, partic. adj sunk, immersed. 
M6reo, 2, -ui, -Itum, tr . merit, deserve. 
Metior, 4, -iri, • itus sum dep measure. 
Metuo, 3, -ui, tr. and intr fear, be afraid. 
Metus, -us, m fear. 
Meus, -a,-um, pro my, mine. 
Mica, -se, p crumb, bit, piece. 
Miles, -Itis, f soldier. 
Mille, adj thousand. 
Mimosa, -se, F mimosa, 
Mln6ralis, -e, adj mineral. 
Minimum, -i, n minim. 
Minium, -i, n red-lead. 
Minuo, 3, -ui, -utum, tr diminish, lessen, 
Mlnutim, adv minutely, in small pieces. 
Minutus, -a, -um, adj minute, small. 
Mirabilis, -e, adj wonderful. 
Mirus, -a, -um, adj wonderful, strange. 
Misceo, 2, miscui, mixtum and mistum, tr.. . . mix, mingle. LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
237 
Miser, -era, -erum, adj miserable, poor, wretched, 
MlsOria, -se, misery, distress. 
Mistura, -se, F. (also mixtura) mixture. 
r a kind of truffle ; also a kind of 
Misy, -yos, and -ys, N mineral, perhaps vitriol. 
Mithridates, -is, M. Mithridates, King of fontus. 
Mltis, -e, adj mild, gentle. 
Mitto, 3, misi, missum, tr send. 
MOdlce, adj moderately. 
Moderate, adv moderately. 
M6do, adv only, but. [another. 
M5do mOdo, (now now) now—then; at one time, at 
MOdus, -i, mode, manner, way. 
MOla, -8e, f mill. 
Moles, -is, mass, bulk. 
MOlestus, -a, um, adj troublesome, annoying. 
Mollio, 4, mollivi, and mollii, mollitum, tr. . . soften, ease, soothe. 
Momentum, i, N . • moment, weight, influence. 
Morbus, -i, disease, malady. 
Mordeo, 2, momordi, morsum, tr bite. 
M Orior, 4, mori and moriri, mortuus sum, dep. die. 
Moror, 1, moratus sum, dep . delay, hinder. 
Morphina, -se, F morphine. 
Morrhua, -re, codfish. 
Mors, mortis, death. 
Morsus, -us, bite. 
Mortalis, -e. adj mortal. 
Mortarium, -i, n mortar. 
Mortifer, fera, -ferum, adj deadly, death-bearing. 
Morum, -i, mulberry {fruit). 
Mos, moris, custom, habit. 
Motus, -us, motion, movement. 
MOveo, 2, movi, motum, tr move, disturb. 
Mox, adv soon, presently. 
Mucllago, -Inis, F mucilage. 
Mulceo, 2, mulsi, mulsum, tr soothe, allay. * 
Mulier, mulieris, F woman. 
Mundus, -a, -um, adj neat, clean. 
Muriaticus, -a, -um, adj muriatic. 
Musculosus -a, -um, adj full of muscles, fleshy. 
Mustum, -i, must, new wine. 238 
LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
Mutatio, -onis, f change. 
Muto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr to change. 
Myrcia, -se, F myrcia. 
Myrrha, -se, F myrrh. 
Nasalis, -e, adj nasal. 
Nam, conj for. 
Nardum, -i, n nard. 
Naris, -is, F nostril. 
Narro, 1, -avi, -atum, tr teli, narrate, relate. 
Nascor, 3, nasci, natus sum, dep horn; appear; rise, spring, 
Nasus, -i, M nose. 
Nato, 1, -avi, -atum, intr swim. 
Naturaliter, adv naturally. 
Ne, adv. and conjunct not; that not, lest. 
Necessarius, -a, -um, adj necessary. 
Necesse, adj. indecl. necessary. 
Neco, 1, -avi, -atum and sometimes -cui, -ctum, tr. kill, put to death. 
Neglectus, -a, -um, adj partic neglected. 
Negligenter, adv negligently, carelessly. 
Negllgens, -entis, adj negligent. 
Negllgo, 3, -lexi, -lectum, tr neglect. 
Negotium, -i, n business. 
Nemo, inis, m. and p. no one, nobody. 
Neque, or nec, conj nor. 
Neque neque, or nec—nec neither—nor. 
Nervosus, -a, -um, adj nervous. 
Nervus, i, m nerve, sinew. 
Nescio, 4, -ivi, ii, -itum, tr know not, be ignorant of. 
Niger, -gra, -grum, adj black. 
Nihil, or nil, N., indecl nothing. 
Nimis, or nimium, adv too much, too. 
Nimius, -a, -um, adj too much, too great. 
Nisi, conj unless, if not, 
Nitras, -atis, M nitrate. 
Nitrum, -i, K . nitre. 
Nobilis, -e, adj noble. 
Ndcens, -entis, adj harmful, guilty. 
Nocturnus, -a, -um, adj nocturnal, in the night. 
Nodosus, -a, -um, adj. . knotty, full of knots. 
Nolo, nolle, nolui, be unwilling, will not. LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
239 
Nomino, 1, -avi, -atum, tr name. 
Nomen, -inis, N. name. 
Nondum, adv not yet. 
Non m6do sed etiam or verum etiam . . . not only but also. 
Nonnullus, -a, -um, adj some, somewhat. 
Nonnunquam, adv sometimes, now and then. 
Norma, -se, f standard, rule. 
Noster, nostra, nostrum, pron our, ours. 
Nosco, 3, n5vi, notum, tr. (novi “I know”) . . get acquainted with, learn. 
N6ta, -se, mark, sign, symptom. 
Notio, -onis, F notion, idea. 
Noto, 1, -avi, -atum,tr note, mark. 
Novus, -a, -um, adj new. 
Nox, noctis, f night. 
Notus, -a, -um, adj known. 
Nucha, -se, f nape of the neck. 
Nugse, -arum, trifles, nonsense. 
Nullus, -a, -um, adj no one, not any. 
Numero, 1, -avi, -atum to count, to pay. 
Numerus, -i, m number. 
Nummus, -i, coin, money. 
Nunc, adv now. 
Nunquam, adv never. 
Niiper, adv lately, recently. 
Nutrio, 4, -ivi and -ii, -itum, tr nourish, nurture. 
Nux, nucis, r . nut. 
Nux vQrnica, nucis vomicae, f nux vomica. 
Obeo, 4, -ii, -itum, [ob and eo] intr go against, go to meet; die. 
Obliviscor, 3, -livisci, -litus sum, dep forget. 
Obsbletus, -a, -um, adj old, ivorn out. 
Obsum, -esse, -fui, be against, opposed to, injure. 
Obtego, 3, -texi, -tectum, tr cover over. 
Obturo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr close, stop up. 
Occasus, -us, the going down, the setting. 
Occipitium, -i, back part of the head* 
Occurro, 3, occurri, occursura, intr meet, oppose, resist. 
Occupo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr occupy, to be busy. 
Octarius, -i, pint. 
Octavus, -a, -um, adj eighth. 
Octo, adj eight. 240 
LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
Octoginta, adj , eighty. 
Octogesimus, -a, -um, adj eightieth. 
Ocularius, -a, -um, adj. . . of the eye. 
Oculus, -i, M. , eye. 
Odoratus, -a, -um, adj odorous, perfumed. 
OEnanthe, -es, F. , oenanthe, grape <\f the wild vine. 
Offero, offerre, obtuli, oblatum, tr bring before, offer, prevent, op- 
Officina, -se, F office, shop. [pose. 
Olus, -6ris, n. ............... vegetable. 
Oleo, 2, -ui, intr smell, smack of. 
Oleum, -i, n. oil. 
Olim, adv formerly, once. 
Omnino, adv entirely, altogether, at all 
Omnis, -e, adj . every, all. 
OmphScium, -i oil, or juice of unripe olives. 
Opacus, -a, -um, adj shady, dark. 
Opulescens, -entis, adj opalescent, turning cloudy. 
OpSra,-se, F. and m. work, labor, attention; workman. 
Opinans, -antis, part. adj. expecting, thinking. 
Opitulor, 1, -ari, -atus sum, dep aid, assist. 
Opobalsamum, -i, n balm of Gilead. 
Oppono, 3, -sui, -situm, tr. put on, apply. 
Op5p;lnax, -JLcis, M. . . opopanax. 
Oppico, 1, tr. pitch, cover or seal with pitch. 
Oppugno, 1, -avi, -atum, tr to besiege, fight [against). 
Opprimo, 3, -pressi, -pressum, tr. . oppress, weigh down. 
Oportet, 2, oportuit, impers. . . (one) ought, must, it is necessary 
Ops, opis, F aid, wealth, resources. 
Optabilis, -e, adj desirable. 
Optlme, adv best, right well. 
Opus, opgris, N. . . . . work. 
Opus, indecl. noun and adj. need, necessity; needful. 
Ordino, 1, -avi, -atum, tr. . set in order, arrange. 
Ordo, -Inis, M. . . . order, rank, row. 
Origo, -inis, F. ...... origin, source. 
Orior, 4, -iri, -ortus sum, dep arise, spring, appear. 
Oro, 1, -avi, -atum, tr pray, entreat, beseech. 
Os, oris, N. ..... mouth, face. 
Ostendo, 3, -di, -sum and -turn, tr show, hold forth. 
Os, ossis, N bone. 
Ovum, -i, n egg. LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
241 
Oxalas, -atis, M oxalate. 
Oxalicus, -a, -um, adj oxalic. 
Oxldum, -i, n oxide. 
Oxymel, -mellis, N oxymd, wine and honey. 
Paene, adv. . almost, nearly. 
Pallesco, 3, pallui, intr turn pale, lose color. 
Pallidus, -a, -um, adj pale, pallid. 
Pallor, -oris, M paleness, pallor. 
Palumba, -se, F wild pigeon, wood-dove. 
Palus, -udis, f marsh, bog. 
Panax, -acis, M panax, ginseng. 
Panis, -is, M bread. 
Papaver, -is, n poppy. 
Papyraceus, -a, -um, adj of paper, of papyrus. 
Par, paris, adj alike, like. 
Parenchyma,-atis, N pulp,base of soft part of plants. 
Pariter, adv equally. 
Paro, 1, -avi, -atum, tr. prepare. 
Parotis, -idis, F tumor of the parotid gland. 
Paroxysmus, -i, M paroxysmus. 
Pars, partis, F part. 
Particula, -se, F particle, small part, a little. 
Partitio, -onis, F parting, division. 
Parum, adv not enough, too little. 
Parvus, -a, -um, adj little, small. 
Pasta, -se, F paste. 
Patienter, adj patiently, with patience. 
Patior, 3, pati, passus sum, dep suffer, permit, allow. 
Pauci, -se, -a, adj., in plur. only few. 
Paulatim, adv gradually, little by little. 
Paulum, -i, N a little. 
Paululum, -i, N a little. 
Pavimentum, -i, N pavement, floor. 
Pavito, 1, -avi, -atum, intr tremble, fear greatly. 
Pax, pacis, F peace. 
Pecunia, -se, F money, sum of money. 
Pedetentim, adv slow, cautiously. 
Padiliivium, -i, N foot-bath. 
Penitus, adv internally, thoroughly. 
Penso, 1, -avi, -atum, tr weigh. 242 
LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
Pensum, -i, n lesson, task. 
Pepsinum, -i, n pepsin. 
Per, prep. w. acc through, by means of. 
Peracutus, -a, -um, adj very sharp. 
Peraeger, -gra, grum, adj very sick. 
Percolo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr percolate, strain, filter. 
Percolator, -oris, M percolator. 
Percontor, 1, ari, -atus sum, dep ask, inquire. 
Perdo, 3, -didi, -ditum, tr destroy, ruin. 
Perduco, 3, -duxi, -ductum, tr load or bring through. 
Pergo, 3, perrexi, perrectum, tr proceed, go on. 
Periculosus, -a, -um, adj dangerous. 
Periculum, -i, n peril, danger. 
Periodicus, -a, -um, adj .... periodical. 
Peritus, -a, -um, adj skilled, experienced. 
Permisceo, 2, -miscui, -mixtum, -mistum, tr. . . mix thoroughly. 
Perpetuus, -a, -um, adj perpetual, lasting. 
Perpulcher, -chra, -chrum, adj very beautiful. 
Persona, se, F person. 
Persto, 1, -stiti, -statum, intr persist, continue. 
Pertinax, -acis, adj , , . . pertinacious, very close. 
Pertracto, 1, -avi, -atum. to investigate, study. 
Perspicio, 3, -spexi, -spectum, tr see through, observe closely. 
Perterreo, 2, -ui, -itum, tr terrify. 
Perv6uio, 4, -veni, -ventum, intr arrive at, reach, attain. 
Persiccus, -a, -um, adj very dry. 
Pes, pedis, m foot. 
Pestilens, -entis, adj pestilent, deadly. 
Pestis, -is, f pestilence, plague, epidemic. 
PetrOsfilinum, -i, n petroselinum, rock parsley. 
Pharmaceuticus, -a, -um, adj pharmacy, pertaining to phar- 
Pharmacopoeia, -se, f pharmacopoeia. [macyi 
Phiala, -se, F phial, vial. 
Philosophus, -i, M philosopher. 
Phosphas, -atis, M phosphate. 
Phosphorus, -i, M phosphorus. 
Phthisis, -is, F phthisis, consumption. 
Physostigma, -atis, N . physostigma, Calabar bean. 
Plger, -gra, -grum, adj lazy, slow. 
PIget, 2, piguit, impers {one) regnis, is disgusted. 
PllOla, -se, pill. LATIN—ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
243 
Pimenta, -se, f. . .* pimento., allspice. 
Pineus, -a, -um, adj °f pine, pine. 
Pingo, 3, pinxi, pictum, tr paint. 
Pinguis, -e, adj / mch. 
Piper, piperis, pepper. 
Plpgrina, -se, piperine. 
Plpgratus, -a, -um, adj., and piperitus of pepper, peppery. 
Pirum, -i, Pear- 
Piscina, -se, M pond, reservoir. 
Piscis, -is, fob' 
Piscor, 1, -ari, -atus sum, dep to fish. 
Pistillum, -i, pestle. 
Pix, picis, F pitch. 
Placeo, 2, -ui, -itum, intr please. 
Planta, -ae, plant. 
Plenus, -a, -um, adj fnU. 
Plerique, -seque, -aque, adj. • most, the greater number. 
Plerumque, adv usually, for the most part. 
Plumbum, -i, lead. 
Plurimus, -a, -um, adj most, very much; very many. 
Plus, pluris, adj more. 
Podagra, -se, F. in the foot. 
POlenta, -se, F. . . pearled barley. 
POlium, -i, Me herb poky. 
Pollen, -inis, k. and fine flour, mill-dust. 
Polliceor, 2, -polliceri, -pollicitus sum, dep. . . promise. 
Pomum, -i, fruit. 
Pondus, -Oris, weight. 
Pono, 3, posui, positum, tr place, put. 
Ponticus, -a, -um, adj of Pontus, Pontic. 
POpulus, -i, people, nation. 
Porrus, -i, M. ..... * leek, scullion. 
Portio, -onis, portion, part. 
Porto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr carry. 
Possum, posse, potui, he abk, can. 
Post, prep. w. acc after, behind. 
Post, or Postea, adv afterwards. 
Posthac, adv hereafter, after this. 
Postscriptum, -i, postscript. 
Postquam, conj after, after that. 
Postulo, 1, -avi, -atum demand, require. 244 
LATIN—ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
POtassa, -se, potassa, caustic potash. 
POtens, -entis, adj potent, powerful. 
POtio, -onis, drink, potion. 
POtior, 4, -iri, -itus sum, dep get possession of, enjoy. 
P6tius, adv rather. 
P5to, 1, -avi, -atum, tr drink. 
Potus, -us, M drink. 
Prsebeo, 2, -ui, -itum, tr furnish, offer. 
Praeceptor, -oris, preceptor, teacher. 
Praecipitatus, -a, -um, partic. adj precipitated. 
Praecipue, adv especially, particularly. 
Praecordia, -orum, n diaphragm; bowels; stomach. 
Prscpa.ro, 1, -avi, -atum, tr prepare. 
Praeparatio, -onis, F preparation. 
Praeparatus, -a, -um, adj prepared. 
Praepdno, 3, -posui, -positum, tr place over, put in charge of. 
Praescribo, 3, -scripsi, -scriptum, tr prescribe. 
Praescriptum, -i, N prescription. 
Praesens, -entis, adj. . , present; active. 
Praesto, 1, praestiti, praestitum, and praestatum (tr. 
and intr.) make, afford; stand before. 
Praestans, -stantis, adj excellent, superior. 
Praesum, praeesse, praefui bebefore, at the head of,command. 
Prandium, -i, N breakfast, dinner. 
Pr6mo, 3, pressi, pressum, tr press. 
Pretiosus, -a, -um, adj precious, costly. 
Pretium, -i, price. 
Primo, adv at first. 
Primum, adv first, in the first place. 
Primus, -a, -um, adj first, the first. 
Prinus, -i, F. black-alder. 
Prior, -oris, adj former, preceding. 
Pristinus, -a, -um, adj former. 
Privo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr deprive. 
Pro, prep. w. abl before, for, according to. 
PrObabillter, adv probably. 
PrObabllis, -e, adj probable. 
Probe, adv well, properly. 
PrOcul, adv far, at a distance. 
PrOfunde, adv profoundly. 
Proh, interjec 01 LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
245 
PrShlbeo, 2, -ui, -itum, tr hinder. 
Projicio, 3, projeci, projectum, tr project, throw forth. 
Promissum, -i, N promise. 
Pr6p5lis, -is, p bee glue. 
Propbsltum, -i, N purpose, plan. 
Proprius, -a, -um, adj peculiar, special. 
Prorumpo, 3, -rupi, -ruptum break forth, rush forth. 
Protggo, 3, -texi, -tectum, tr protect. 
Protinus, adv at once, immediately. 
Protinus ut as soon as. 
Prosum, prodesse, profui be useful, benefit. 
Provideo, 2, -vidi, -visum, tr. and intr provide for, look after, see to it. 
Provisus, -a, -urn, partic provided, foreseen. 
Prudens, -entis, adj prudent, sagacious. 
Psora, -se, itch. 
Pudet, 2, puduit, impers : ashamed. [me of you.) 
Pudet me tui I am ashamed of you. {It shames 
Pudor, -oris, shame, disgrace. 
Puella, -se, girl. 
Puer, -i, boy. 
Pugno, 1, -avi, -atum, intr fight. 
Pulcher, -chra, -chrum, adj pretty, beautiful. 
Pulchre, adv beautifully, thoroughly. 
Pulmonalis, -e, adj pulmonary. 
Pulpa, -se, pulp. 
Pulpamentum, -i, dainty food. 
Pulsus, -us, M. . . . pulse. 
Pulvero, 1, -avi, -atum, tr pulverize, reduce to powder. 
Pulvfirizo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr pulverize. 
Pulverulentus, -a, -um covered with dust. 
Pulvis, -6ris, powder, dust. 
Pumex, -Icis, M pumice-stone. 
Purgo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr purge, cleanse. 
Punio, 4, -ivi, -ii, -itum, tr pumsh. 
Purifico, 1, -avi, -atum, tr purify, cleanse. 
Purus, -a, -um, adj pure. 
Pus, puris, N pus. 
Pustula, -se, pustule, blister. 
Putidus, -a, -um, adj putrid, bad smelling. 
Puto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr think, suppose. 
Putor, -oris, M putridity, stench. 246 
LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
PJ’rethrum, -i, n 'pyrethrum, Spanish chamomile. 
Pyrrhus, -i, M Pyrrhus, king of Epirus. 
Pyxis, -Idis, F box. 
Quaero, 3, quaesivi, quaesitum, tr inquire, seek after. 
Quaestio, -dnis, F question, investigation. 
Qualis, -e, adj of what sort, kind, or nature. 
Qualitas, -atis, F quality. 
Quam, adv interrog., how; comp., as, than. 
Quamdiu, adv how long, as long as. 
Quamquam, conj though, although. 
Quando, adv. and conj when. 
Quandocunque, adv. and conj whenever. 
Quantitas, -atis, f quantity. 
Quantus, -a, -um, adj how much, as. 
Quantus—tantus as great—os. 
Quare, adv why. 
Quartus, -a, -um, adj fourth. 
Quasi, adv as if, as. 
Quassia, -ae, p quassia. 
Quatio, 3,—quassum, tr shake, toss. 
Quatuor and qnattuor, adj four. 
Que, conj., enclitic and. 
Quemadmddum, conj. and adv how. 
Queo, 4, quivi, quii, quitum, intr able, can. 
Qui, quae, quod, rel. and interrog. pron who, which. 
Quia, conj because. 
Quidam, quaedam, quoddam or quiddam . ... a certain. 
Quidem, conj indeed, even. 
Quilibet, quaelibet, quodlibet any one you please. 
Quin, conj that not, but that. 
Qulnldina, -ae, f quinidine. 
Quinina, -se, F. quinine. 
Quintuplex, -Icis, adj fivefold, five times as many, 
Quis, quae, quod and quid, interrog. pron. . . who. 
Quisque, quaeque, quidque or quodque. .... each, every. 
Quisquis whoever. 
Quivis, quaevis, quodvis or quidvis any one you please. 
Quo, adv where, in order that. 
Quomddo, adv how. 
Quondam, adv once, formerly. LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
247 
Quoque, adv also, too. 
Quot, adj. how many. 
Quotidie, adv daily. 
Quoties, adv how often, as often as. 
Quum, adv. and conj when, since, though. 
Rado, 3, rasi, rasum, tr shave, scrape. 
Rabiosus, -a, -um, adj rabid, mad. 
Racemosus, -a, -um, adj full of racemes or clusters. 
Radicula, -se, f radicula, soap-weed. 
Radix, -Icis, F root. 
Ramentum, -i, n ,. . shred, piece, shavings. 
Rapum, -i, N turnip. 
Raro, adv . . rarely, seldom. 
Rarus, -a, -um, adj rare, thin, porous. 
Ratio, -onis, F . reason, plan, course. 
Rationarius, -a, -um, adj relating to accounts. 
Rficens, -entis, adj recent, fresh. 
RCctpio, 3, recepi, receptum, tr receive, take back. 
Recipere se betake one’s self, return. 
RficTto, 1, -avi, -atum, tr recite, read aloud. 
Rgcordor, 1, -ari, -atus sum, dep recall, recollect. 
Recreo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr refresh. 
Recte, adv rightly, correctly. 
Rectlfico, 1, -avi, -atum, tr rectify. 
Rectificatus, -a, -um, adj. rectified. 
Rectus, -a, -um right, straight. 
Recilpero, 1, -avi, -atum, tr recover, regain. 
Reddo, 3, reddidi, redditum, tr return, yield, render, translate. 
Redeo, 4, -ii, -itum, intr return, go or come back. 
Rcdlgo, 3, redegi, redactum, tr reduce, drive back. 
Reditus, -us, M return. 
Reduco, 3, -duxi, -ductum, tr restore, lead back. 
Reductus, -a, -um, adj. . . reduced. 
Referro, referre, retuli, relatum, tr bring back, resemble. 
Reficio, 3, refeci, refectum, tr repair, make anew. 
Refrigeratio, -onis, f cooling. 
R6frig6ro, 1, -avi, -atum, tr. cook, make cool. 
Regio, -onis, f region. 
Rego, 3, rexi, rectum, tr rule. 
Rejicio, 3, rejeci, rejectum reject, throw off. 248 
LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
Relevo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr relieve. 
Relinquo, 3, -liqui, -lictum, tr leave, abandon. 
Reliquus, -a, -um, adj remaining, the rexi. 
Remanentia, -a', f remnant, remainder. 
Remanens, -entis, adj remaining, remnant. 
Remedium, -i, n remedy. 
Remissus, -a, -um, adj remiss, lax, gentle. 
Remittens, -entis, adj remittent. 
Remitto, 3, remisi, remissum, tr remit, send back, return. 
R6m6veo, 2, -movi, -motum, tr remove. 
Rependo, 3, -pendi, -pensum, tr pay back, return. 
Reperio, 4, -peri, -pertum, tr find. 
Repeto, 3, -ivi, -ii, -itum repeat, seek again. 
Repleo, 2, -evi, -etum, tr replenish, fill again. 
Repletus -a, -um, adj replete, filled, crowded with. 
Repono, 3, reposui, repositum, tr repose, lay down. 
Reprimo, 3, -pressi, -pressum, tr repress, check, restrain. 
Requiesco, 3, -evi, -etum, intr rest, repose. 
Res rei, f thing. 
Reservo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr reserve. 
ResBdo, 3 resedi, resessum, intr sit down. 
Residuum, -i, n residue, remainder. 
Resina, -se, f resin. 
Resinosus, -a, -um, adj resinous. 
Resolvo, 3, -solvi, -solutum, tr open, loosen, resolve. 
Respondeo, 2, respondi, responsum, tr answer, reply. 
Responsum, -i, n reply, answer. 
Retorta, -se, f retort. 
Reverto, 3, reverti, reversum, tr. return, tum bark. 
Rex, regis, m king. 
Rhamnus, -i, F rhamnus, thorn. 
Rheumatismus, -i, M rheumatism. 
Rheum, -i, n rhubarb. 
Ridiculus, -a, -um, adj ridiculous, laughable. 
Rigidus, -a, -um, adj rigid, stiff, severe. 
Rimosus, -a, -um, adj full of cracks, leaky. 
Rivus, -i, m small stream. 
Rdgatus, -us, M request, desire. 
Rflgo, -avi, -atum, tr ask, request, call for. 
Roma, -se, f Same. 
Romanus, -a, -um, adj. Roman. LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
249 
R6sa, -se, r0S6, 
Rosmarinus, -i, rosemary. 
Rotundus, -a, -um, adj round. 
Ruber, -bra, -brum, adj red, ruddy. 
Rubus, -i, blackberry bush. 
Rubor, -oris, redness. 
Ruina, -se, ruin, downfall. 
Rumpo, 3, rupi, ruptum, tr break, burst. 
Rumex, -Icis, M. and rumex, yellow dock. 
Rusticus, -a, -um, adj rustic, country, rural. 
Ruta, -ge, rue. 
Silbina, -se, savin, or sabin. 
Saccharatus, -a, -um, adj of sugar, sugar. 
Saccharum, -i, N sugar. 
SaccharOmgtrum, -i, N saccRaromeler. 
Sacer, -era, -erum, adj sacred. 
Saccus, -i, sack, bag. 
SsecGlura, -i, N a9e> generation. 
Saepe, adv - often. 
Sagapenum, -i, N sagapenum. 
Sal, -is, m. and salt; plu., witticisms. 
Salsamentum, -i, N fish-pickle, salted fish. 
Saltem, adv* «•••••♦••••••••• at least, at all events. 
Salus, -vitis, safety, health. 
Salutaris, -e, adj - • salutary, healthful. 
Salve, -ete (imperat, of salveo, “be thou well”) how fare you? good-morning. 
Salveo 2 be well, in good health. 
Salicylicus, -a, -um, adj salicylic. 
Sanguinaria, -ae, sanguinaria, blood-rook 
Sanguis, sanguinis, blood. 
Sanitas, -atis, health, soundness. 
Sano, 1, -avi, -atum, tr heal, cure. 
Sanus, -a, -um, adj sound, well, sensible. 
Sapiens, sapientis, adj wise. 
Sapo, -onis, soap. 
Sapor, -oris, savor, taste, relish. 
Saporatus, -a, -um, adj flavored. 
Satio, 1, -avi, -atum, tr. sate, satisfy. 
Satis, adv enough. 
Saturatus, -a, -um, adj. . . saturated, filled. 250 
LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
Scalpellum, -i, N scalpel, lancet. 
Scarificatio, -5nis, F scarification, cutting slightly. 
Scena, -se, F scene. 
Scelestus, -a, -um, adj vicious, wicked, accursed, 
SchSla, -se, F school. 
Scientia, -se, r. . . science, knowledge. 
Scilla, -se, F squill. 
Scindo, 3, scidi, scissum, tr spill, cut. 
Scio, 4, scivi, scii, scitum, tr know. 
Scissilis, e, adj easily split. 
ScObis, -is, f. . . saw-dust, or filings. 
Scriptor, -oris, M writer. 
Scriptum, -i, m writing, a written work. 
Scrupfllus, -i, M . scruple. 
Sebaceus, -a, -um, adj of tallow, tallow. 
Sebum, -i, or sevum, n. . tallow, suet. 
Sectio, -onis, f. . . . . cutting. 
S6cundum, prep. w. acc according to, after. 
Sficundus, -a, -um, adj second, favorable, good. 
Sed, conj . but. 
Sedecim, adj sixteen. 
Sedeo, % sedi, sessum, intr, sit. 
Sedes, -is, F. . . . seat 
Sedimen, -inis, N sediment. 
Sedimentum, -i, n. . sedimen. 
Sedo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr allay, quiet; cause to settle. 
Sedulo, adv carefully, exactly. 
Selibra, -se, p half a pound. 
Seligo, 3, selegi, selectum, tr select, choose. 
Semel, adv a single time, once. 
Semis, indecl, or Semis, gen. semissis, M. . . . half. 
Semiuncia, -se, half ounce. 
Semper, adv always. 
Sen6ga, -se, senega, rattlesnake root. 
Senex, senis, M old man. 
Sensim, adv gradually little by little. 
Sententia, -se, F. . . . sentiment, opinion, thought. 
Separatio, -onis, f. ............ . separation. 
1, -avi, -atum, tr separate. 
Sepono, 3, seposui, sepositum, tr. . - set aside, put by. 
Septies, adv seven times. LATIN—ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
251 
SSpulchrurn, -i, n sepulchre, grave, tombstone. 
Sfiquens, -entis, adj following. 
Sequor, 3, sequi, secutus sum, dep follow. 
Serpens, -entis, M and f. serpent, snake. 
Serpen taria, -se, F ........ serpentaria, snake-root. 
SSrus, -a, -um, adj late. 
Servilis, -e, adj . . servile. 
Servo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr., preserve, keep. 
Servus, -i, M , servant, slave. 
Sesquiuncia, -se, F one and a half ounces. 
Sfiverus, -a, -um, adj severe, stern. 
Sextarius, -i, M. pint and a half, 
Sextus, a, -um, adj sixth. 
Si, conj. if. 
Sic, adv so, thus. 
Sicut, conj so as, just as. 
Siccus, -a, -um, adj. dry, thirsty. 
Significatio, -onis, F signification, meaning. 
Significo, 1, -£Lvi, -Stum, tr. . . signify, mean. 
Signum, -i, N . sign, symptom, mark. 
Sil, silis, N yellow earth, ochre. 
Siligineus, -a, -ura, adj of wheat, whealen. 
Similiter, adv . similarity, in like manner. 
Similitudo, -inis, F likeness, similitude. 
Similago, -inis, F finest wheat flow. 
Similis, -e, adj similar, like. 
Simplex, -plicis, adj simple. 
Simul, adj . . together, at once. 
Sinapis, -is, F mustard. 
Sine, prep. w. abl without. 
Singularis, -e, adj . . . . singular, remarkable. 
Singulus, -a, -um, adj single, each. 
Sino, 3, sivi, situm, tr pennit, allow. 
Siquis, siqua, siquid, or siquod ...... . if any one, if any. 
Sitis, -is, F thirst. 
Sive, conj or if. 
Sive sive whether—or, either—or. 
Sflcer, soc6ri, M father-in-law. 
Sdcius, -i, M partner, associate. 
S5da, -se, F soda. 
Sol, solis, m. . . . sun. 252 
LATIN-ENGLI8H VOCABULARY. 
SOleo. 2, solitus sum be accustomed, wont.. 
SOlidus, -a, -um, adj solid, firm. 
Sollicitudo, -luis, f solicitude, anxiety. 
Solum, adv only. 
SOlubllis, -e, adj. soluble. 
Solutio, -5nis F solution. 
Solus, -a, -um, adj alone, sole. 
Solvo, 3, solvi, solutum, tr loosen, dissolve. 
Somnus, -i, M sleep. 
SOror, -oris, F sister. 
Spargo, 3, sparsi, sparsum, tr sprinkle, scatter. 
Spasmus, -i, M spasm, paroxysm. 
Spatula, -se, F ladle, flat stick or blade, for 
Spero, 1, -avi, -atum, tr hope. [stimng medicina. 
Spes, -Oi,F hope. 
Spica, -se, f point, spire. 
Spicatus, -a, -um, adj pointed, bearded. 
Spiritus, -us, m spirits; breath. 
Spissitas, -atis, F thickness, consistency. 
Spissitudo, -Inis, f thickness, density. 
Spissus, -a, -um, adj thick, viscid. 
Spongiosus, -a, -um spongy. 
Spuma, -se, F spume, froth,foam. 
Spuma argenti litharge, spume of silver. • 
Squama, -se, F. * scale ; filings of metal. 
Stati rn, adv immediately, at once. 
Statio, -5nis, F post, station, guard. 
Stercus, -Oris, N excrement, dung. 
Stibium, i, N antimony. 
Stimulus, -i, M stimulant, incentive. 
Stillo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr. and intr drop, fall in drops. 
Sto, 1, steti, statum, intr .stand. 
StOlIdus, -a, -um, adj. and noun stolid, stupid; a dunce. 
Stomachalis, -e, adj pertaining to the stomach, stam- 
Stramonium, -i, N. . stramonium. [ach 
Strychnina, -se, F strychnine. 
Studeo, 2, -ui, apply the mind to ; study. 
Studium, -i, N study, desire, inclination. 
Stiidiosus, -a, -um, adj studious, fond of, dtsirous. 
Stultus, -a, -um, adj. and noun foolish; a fool. 
Styrax, -acis, M storax. 
C w. acc., near, towards, 
Sub, prep. w. acc. and abi < ,, , , ,, 
> r r [ w abi., unc[er beneath. LATIN—ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
253 
SuMcetas, -atis, M subacetate. 
Subdiaphanus, -a, -uni, adj somewhat transparent. 
Subdo, 3, -didi, -ditum, tx- put or place under. 
Silbeo, 4, -ii, -xtura, tr go under, undergo. 
Subflavus, -a, -um, adj somewhat yellow, yellowish. 
Subhumidus, -a, -um, adj somewhat moist. 
Subigo, 3, -egi, -actum, tr work under, work thoroughly. 
Subinde, adv now and then ; from time to time. 
Subito, adv suddenly. 
Subitus, -a, -um, adj sudden. 
Sublimatio, -ouis, F sublimation. 
Sublimatus, -a, -um, adj sublimed, volatilized, condensed. 
Sublimo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr raise on high, sublime. 
Submdveo, 2, -movi, -motum, tr remove, drive away. 
Submurias, submuriatis, m submuriate. 
Subside, 3, subsedi, subsessum, intr sink down, subside. 
Subsidentia, -se, r ' settling, sediment. 
Substituo, 3, -hi, -utum, tr substitute, put under. 
Substantia, -se, F substance. 
Subsulphas, -atis, M , ... . subsulphate. 
Suavis, -e, adj. pleasant, agreeable. 
Succedo, 3, -cessi, -cessum, intr succeed, undertake. 
Succus, -i, M juice, moisture. 
Sudatio, -onis, F sweating. 
Sudor, -oris, m sweat, perspiration. 
Suddrificus, -a, -um, adj sudorific, causing sweat. 
Suffei’o, sufferi’e, sustuli, sublatum, tr suffer, undergo, endure. 
Sufficiens, -entis, adj sufficient. [enough. 
Sufficio, 3, -feci, -fectum, tr. and intr substitute, supply; be sufficient, 
Sui, pron of himself; of themselves, etc. 
Sulphas, -atis, M sulphate. 
Sulphur, -uris, N sulphur. 
Sulphuratus, -a, -um, adj sulphurous, impregnated with 
SuIphuricus, -a, -um, adj sulphuric. [sulphur. 
Sum, esse, fui be, exist. 
Summitas, -atis, F top, highest part. 
Summus, -a, -um, adj highest, uppermost. 
Sumo, 3, sumpsi, sumptum, tr take, take up. 
Sumptus, -us, expense. [concerning. 
Sfiper, prep. w. acc. and abl w. acc., over, upon; w.abh.on^ 
SQperbus, -a, -um, adj proud, haughty. 254 
LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
Superfundo, 3, -fudi, -fusum, tr pour over, or upon. 
SupCrirapono, 3, -imposui, -impositum tr. . . . place upon. 
Supero, 1, -avi, -atum, tr surpass, conquer. 
Supfirus, -a, -um, adj high, up. 
Supplex, -Icis, adj humbly entreating, imploring. 
Supra, adv above. 
Sutorius, -a, -um, adj pertaining to a shoemaker. 
Suus, -a, -um, pro. his, their, etc. 
-i, F mulberry tree. 
Syrdpus, -i, M syrup. 
Tabacum, -i, N tobacco. 
Tabidus, -a, -um, adj wasting away, consuming. 
Taceo, 2, -ui, -itum, intr silent, say nothing. 
Taedet, 2, taeduit, impers it wearies, it disgusts. 
Taledla, -ae, F little stick, piece. 
Talis, -e, adj such. 
Tam, adv so, 
Tamdiu, adv so long. 
Tamen, adv but, yet, still, nevertheless. 
Tamnus, -i, F a kind of wild grape vine. 
Tanacetum, -i, N tansy. 
Tandem, adv at length, at last. 
Tantus, -a, -um, adj so great. 
Tango, 3, tetigi, tactum, tr. touch. 
Tantum, adv only, merely. 
TantummQdo, adv only, provided only. 
Taraxacum, -i, n dandelion. 
Tartaricus, -a, -um, adj . tartaric. 
Tartras, -atis, M tartrate. 
Taurinus, -a, -um taunne, of a bull. 
Tectum, -i, n roof, cover; house. 
Tempto and tento, 1, -avi, -atum, tr try, test. 
Tempus, -dris, n time. 
Tenax, -acis, adj.. tenacious, lough, tight 
Tenebne, -arum, F darkness. 
Teneo, 2, tenui, tentum, tr hold, keep, contain. 
TSner, -era, -erum, adj tender. 
Tfinuitas, -atis, F fineness, thinness. 
Tepgfacio, 3, -feci, -factum, tr warm, make warm. 
TCpor, -oris, M warmth, gentle warmth. LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
255 
TSpidus, -a, -um, adj tepid, warm. 
Ter, adv thrice, three times. 
Terebinthinus, -a, -um, adj of turpentine, turpentine. 
T6ro, 3, trivi, tritum, tr rub, bruise, triturate. 
Tersulphas, -atis, M tersulphate. 
Testu, N., indecl earthen cover, lid, vessel 
Thebae, -arum, F Thebes. 
Thlaspi, -is, thlaspi {an herb). 
Thorax, -acis, M thorax, breast, chest. 
Thymiama, -atis, thymiama, fumigating com- 
Thymum, -i, N thyme. [pound 
Tlmeo, 2, -ui, tr fear, dread. 
Timor, -oris, fear. 
Titillus, -i, title, name. 
Thea, -ae, F tea. 
Tollo, 3, sustuli, sublatum, tr remove, take away. 
Tolu, indecl., Tolu. 
Tolu tan us, -a, -um, adj of Tolu. 
Tbnlcum, -i, tonic. 
Tbnlcus, -a, -urn, adj. tonic. 
Torcular, -aris, N press. 
Tormen, -Inis, N-, used only in plur gripes, pain in bowels. 
Tormentum, -i, press; torment. 
Torpeo, 2, -ui, intr torpid, numb. 
Torrefactio, -onis, roasting. 
Torreo, 2, torrui, tostum, tr dry, parch, roast. 
Tot, adj., indecl so many. 
Tot quot as many as. 
Totus, -a, -nm, adj whole, total. 
Trachealis, -e, adj « • tracheal. 
Trachia, -ae, Trachea. 
Tracto, -avi, -atum, tr handle, deal with. 
Traho, 3, traxi, tractum, tr drag, draw. 
Transeo, 4, transii, transitum, intr. pass over, go through. 
Tres, tria, adj three. 
Tricesimus, -a, -um, adj thirtieth. 
Triduum, -i, of three days. 
Trlfblium, -i, N trefoil. 
Tristis, -e, adj sad, sorrowful. 
Tristitia, -ae, F sadness, melancholy 
TrOchiscus, -i, troche. 
TrGtlna, -ae, balance. 256 
LATIN-ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
Turn, adv. then, again. 
Tumidus, -a, -um, adj swollen, inflated. 
Tumor, -oris, M tumor, swelling. 
Turbidus, -a, -um, adj turbid, muddy. 
Turbo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr disturb. 
Tus, turis, N. (or thus, thuris) frankincense. 
Tussis, -is, F cough. 
Tutus, -a, -um, adj safe. 
Tuus, -a, -um, pron thy, thine, your. 
Typhus, -i, m typhus fever. 
Typhus cSrfibralis typhoid fever. 
Ubi, adv where, when. 
Ulceratio, -onis, F ulceration. 
Ulcfirbsus, -a,-um, adj ulcerous, sore. 
Ulcus, -6ris, N ulcer, sore. 
Ullus, -a, -um, adj any. 
Ulmus, -i, F elm-tree. 
Ulpicum, -5, n ulpicum, a sort of leek, garlicL 
Una, adv along with, at same time. 
Uncia, -se, F ounce. 
Unctus, -a, -um, adj. . , anointed, greasy, oily. 
Unde, adv whence. 
Undecim, adj. eleven. 
Unguentum, -i, ointment. 
Unlcus, -a, -um, adj only, single. 
Universus, -a, -um, adj whole, entire. 
Unquam, adv ever. 
Uris, urbis, F city. 
Urgeo, 2, ursi, tr urge, press hard. 
Uro, 3, ussi, ustum, tr hum. 
Usitatus, -a.-um.adj usual, customary. 
Usus, -us, M use, profit, advantage. 
Usurpo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr use, usurp. 
(conj., that, in order that; adv. 
Ut, conj. and adv. | how,as,just as. 
Utilis, -e, adj useful, profitable. 
Utlnam, adv would that, 0 that, I wish that 
Utor, 3, uti, usus sum, dep use, employ. 
Utrum, adv whether. 
Uva, -ae, F hunch or cluster of grapes. LATIN—ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
257 
Uva ursi. 
bear-berry, trailing arbutus. 
Vaccinus, -a, -urn, adj of a cow. 
Vagabundus, -a, --urn, adj. vagabond, wandering. 
Valde, adv very, greatly, exceedingly. 
Vale, valete (imperat, of valeo) good by. 
Valeo, 2, -ui, Itum, intr .be well, be strong. 
Valerianas, -atis, M. . . - valerianate. 
Valetudinarius, -a, -um, ad . . sickly, weak, infirm. 
Valetudo, -Inis, F health. 
Validus, -a, -um, adj strong, sturdy. 
Vapor, -oris, vapor, steam. 
Varietas, -atis, F variety. 
Varius, -a, -um, adj various, different. 
Vas, vasis, N.; plu., vasa, -drum vessel. 
Vasum, -i, vessel. 
Vegetabilis, -e, adj. . . vegetable. 
VSh6mens, -entis, adj vehement, violent. 
Vehgmenter, adv. vehemently, forcibly. 
Vel, conj or. 
Vena, -se, F vein. 
Venaesectio, -onis, F. . . venesection, cutting a vein. 
Vendo, 3, vendidi, venditum, tr sell. 
Venefica, -se, F female poisoner, sorceress. 
Veneficus, -i, M poisoner. 
Vfinenum, -i, N poison. 
V6nio, 4, veni, ventum, intr. come. 
Vfinenatus, -a, -um, adj poisonous. 
Venter, ventri and ventris, M stomach. 
Ventrlcillus, -i,M stomach. 
Ver, veris, n spring. 
Verbero, -onis, M rascal, fellow. 
Verminor, 1, -ari, -atus sum, dep., intr. .... smart, itch. 
Verro, 3, verri, versum, tr, . . sweep, sweep out. 
Vero, adv. and conj in truth, In fact, hut in fact 
Verto, 3, verti, versum.tr turn, translate. 
Verum, conj hut, however. 
Verus, -a, -um, adj true. 
Vesicatio, -onis, F a blistering. 
Vesicatorius, -a, -urn, adj blistering, causing blister. 
Vesicatorium, -i, n blister (blistering substance) 258 
LATIN—ENGLISH VOCABULARY. 
Vesper, -is; and vesper, -eri, M evening star, evening. 
Vesperasco, 3, intr to become evening. 
Vestis, -is, F garment, cloth. 
Vetdlus, -a, -um, adj old. 
Vetus, -eris, adj old [of long standing). 
Vetustus, -a, -um, adj old [not remembered by the 
Vexo, 1, -avi, -atum, tr vex, shake, distress. [living 
Vldeor, 2, -eri, visus sum, dep seem, appear. 
Vigilo, 1,-avi,-atum, tr . be awake, watch. 
Vincio, 4, vinxi, vinctum, tr bind. 
Vinco, 3, vici, victum, tr conquer. 
Vinum, -i, K wine. 
Vir, -i, m man, hero. 
Virus, -i, n virus, poison. 
Vis, vis, f., plur. vires force, violence; plu., strength. 
Viscum, -i, n 'mistletoe. 
Viso, 3, visi, visum, tr see, visit. 
Vestio, 4, -ivi, -ii, -itum, tr clothe. 
Vitiatus, -a, -um, iidj. vitiated, spoiled. 
Vitellus, -i, M yolk of egg. 
Vitis, -is, F vine. 
Vitis alba bryonia. 
Vitreus, -a, -um, adj of glass, glass. 
Vitrum, -i, N glass. 
Vivo, 3, vixi, victum, iutr live. 
Vivus, -a, -um, adj alive, living. 
Vix, adv scarcely, hardly. 
Vdcabulum, -i, n word, term, name. 
Vbco, 1, -avi, -atum, tr call, summon. 
V5l;itllis, -e, adj volatile. 
V61o, velle, vblui be willing, wish, will. 
V6lvo, 3, volvi, vOlutum, tr roll, think, ponder. 
Vbmltbrium, -i, N emetic. 
Vbmltus, -us, M . vomiting. 
Vulgaris, -e, adj vulgar, common, ordinary. 
Vulneratus, -a, -um, adj wounded. 
Vulnero, 1, -avi, -atum, tr wound. 
Vulnus, -eris, N wound, hurt. 
Xanthoxylum, -i, sr xanthoxylum, prickly-ash. 
Xylobalsamum, -i, n balsam-wood. 
Zedoaria, -ae, f zedoary. 
Zingiber, is ginger. Clove, carynphyllum. ENGLISH-LATIN VOCABULARY. 
Neither strictly technical terms, nor those whose Latin equivalent is easily inferred 
from the English, are included in this vocabulary. 
Able, (be) possum; valeo, 2 ; queo, 4; 
adj., capax ; potens. 
About, prep. w. acc. circa, circum; w. 
abi., de. 
Above, w. acc. and abi. super, supra. 
Abscess, abscessus. 
Absent, v., absum; adj., absens. 
Absorb, absoibeo, 2; bibo, 3; imbibo, 3. 
Abundance, abundantia, copia. 
Abuse, abutor, dep., 3. 
Accept, accipio, 3 ; recipio, 3. 
Acceptable, acceptus, gratus, jucundus. 
Accident, casus, fors, fortuna. 
According to, ad, de, e or ex. 
Account, ratio, numerus. 
Accurate, diligens, accuratus, exactus. 
Accustom, assuefacio, 3. 
Accustomed, I am acc., soleo, 2. 
Ache, n., dolor; v., doleo, 2 ; condo- 
leo, 2. 
Act, n., factum, gestum; v. ago, 3; 
facio, 3. 
Active, praesens. 
Acute, acutus, acer. 
Add, addo, 3; adjicio, 3 ; appono, 3. 
Adieu, vale; salve et vale. 
Adorn, orno, 1; adorno, 1; decoro, 1. 
Advice, consilium, monitio. 
Advise, suadeo, 2; moneo, 2; hortor, 
1, dep. 
Affair, res, negotium. 
Affected with disease, morbo affectus, 
morbo laborans. 
Afford, praebeo, 2; reddo, 3. 
Afraid, timidus, trepidus, pavidus. 
After, prep., secundum, post; adv. 
post, postea; conj., postquam. 
Afternoon, post meridiem. 
Again, rursus, rursum, iterum, tum, 
deinde. 
Against, prep., adversus, contra, praeter; 
adj., adversus. 
Age, aetas; aevum. 
Agitate, moveo, 2; agito, 1; quatio, 3. 
Ago, abhinc, ante; long ago, jampridem, 
jamdudura. 
Agree, assentior, 4, dep. 
Agreeable, gratus, acceptus jucundus. 
Ague, febris, horror in febri. 
Aid, auxilium, adjumentum. 
Air, aer. 
Albumen, albumen. 
Alive, vivus. 
AU, omnis, universus, cunctus. 
Allay, sedo, 1; mitigo, 1; lenio, 4. 
Allow, sino, 3; permitto, 3; it isallowed, 
licet. 
Almost, paene, prope. 
Alone, solus. 
Already, jam, jamjam. 260 
ENGLISH—LATIN VOCABULARY. 
Also, etiam, quoque, praeterea, insuper. 
Always, semper. 
Amber, succlnum, electrum. 
Ani'rica, America, ae. 
Among, inter. 
Amputate, amputo, 1. 
Anatomy, anatomia. 
Ancient, vetustus, antiquus, vetus. 
And, et, ac, atque,-que. 
Anger, ira. 
Angry, iratus. 
Another, alius; a second, alter. 
Answer, v. resp ndeo, 2; n., respon- 
sum, responsio. 
Ant, formica. 
Anxiom, anxius, sollcitus or soli. 
Any, ullus, quivis, quilibet, aliquis. 
Apothecary, medicamentarius. 
Apparatus, apparatus, us. 
Apple, malum, pomum; apple-tree, 
malus, pomus. 
Apply, appono, 3; applico, 1 ; admo- 
veo, 2; adhibeo, 2. 
Approach, appropinquo, 1. 
Approve, probo, 1; approbo, 1. 
Arise, surgo, 3; consurgo, 3. 
Arm (from shoulder to elbow), lacer- 
tus; (elbow to wrist), brachium. 
Art, ars. 
Artichoke, carduus, cinara. 
As, ut,velut, quemadmodum, quomodo. 
Ascertain, reperio, 4. 
Ashamed (I am ashamed), pudet. 
Ashes, ciuis (gen. cineris). 
Ask, rogo, 1; oro, 1; peto, 3; qusero, 
3; interrogo, 1. 
Assist, juvo, 1; adjuvo, 1; subvenio, 4. 
Assistant, adjutor, socius. 
At, in, w. acc. or abl.; ad, w. acc ; 
apud, w. acc. 
Attempt, tento, 1; conor, 1, dep. 
Attend, attendo, 3. 
Await, expecto, 1. 
Away; I go away, abeo, 4; discedo, 3. 
Away from, a or ab, w. abi.; e or ex, 
w. abl. 
Back (of the body, etc.), tergum. 
Bad, malus, corruptus, vilis. 
Bag, saccus, marsupium* 
Balance, trutina. 
Bald, calvus. 
Bandage, fascia, fascibla. 
Bark, cortex; liber. 
Barley, hordeum. 
Barometer, barornetrum. 
Bate, fundamentum, basis. 
Basin, pelvis. 
Basket, corbis, fiscus, calathus. 
Bath, balneum; thermae; lavatio. 
Bathe, lavo, 1; abluo, 3. 
Bay, laurus, us, F. 
Bear, fero, porto, 1; gero, 3; veho, 3. 
Beard, barba. 
Beat, pulso, 1; ferio, 4; verbero, 1; 
caedo, 3. 
Beautiful, pulcher; bellus. 
Became, quod, quia, quoniam. 
Become, fio, evado, 3; it is becoming, 
decet. 
Beech, fagus. 
Beef, bubula. 
Beer, cerevisia; strong, valida; small, 
dilutior. 
Beetle, scarabaeus. 
Before, ante; antequam; coram, w. abl 
Begin, incipio, 3; coepi, inchoo, 2. 
Behind, post. 
Behold, ecce, en, aspice. 
Behoove, oportet, decet. 
Believe, credo, 3; persuasum habeo, 3. 
Bell, campana, tintinnabulum. ENGLISH-LATIN VOCABULARY 
261 
Belly, venter, alvus, abdomen. 
Berry, bacca. 
Best, optimus. 
Betake (one’s self), se conferre. 
Between, inter. 
Big, magnus, grandis, amplus. 
Bind on, illigo, 1. 
Bird, avis. 
Black, ater, niger. 
Bladder, vesica. 
Bleed, sanguinem fundere; sanguinem 
mittere. 
Blood, sanguis, eruor. 
Blue mass, massa hydrargyri 
Body, corpus. 
Boii, intr. ferveo, 2; ebullio, 4. 
Bottle, lagena, ampulla. 
Bottom, fundus. 
Box, arca, capsa, cista, pyxis. 
Bay, puer. 
Brain, cerebrum ; cerebellum. 
Bramble, rubus. 
Brave, fortis, animosus. 
Bread, panis. 
Break, frango, 3; rumpo, 3; in ringo,3. 
Breast, pectus, thorax. 
Breath, spiritus, anima. 
Bright, clarus, lucidus, illustris. 
Brother, frater. 
Bruise, contundo, 3 ; contero, 3. 
Bum, uro, 3; comburo, 3, cremo, 1. 
Burst, rumpo, 3 ; displodo. 
Business, negotium, occupatio. 
But, sed, at, at enim, verum; autem. 
Buy, emo, 3; mercor 1, dep. 
By, a, ab, w. abi.; (denotingmeans or 
instrument, use abi. alone). 
Call, nomino, 1; appello, 1; voco, 1. 
Calm, aequus. 
Can, possum. 
Care, cura. 
Careful, diligens. 
Carry, porto, 1; fero; (back) refero. 
Cease, cesso, 1. 
Co-tain,(a) quidam; sure, certus. 
Chalk, creta. 
Chance, fors, casus, fortuna. 
Change, muto, 1. 
Cheerful, laetus, hilaris. 
Cheese, caseus. 
Cherish, foveo, 2; colo, 3. 
Chew, manduco, 1; mastico, 1. 
Children, pueri; liberi. 
Chill, frigus; algor; horror. 
Chinn, China, se. 
City, urbs. 
Civilized, eruditus. 
Clarified, despumatus. 
Clean, purus, mundus. 
Cleanse, purgo, 1; expurgo, 1, 
Ciear, clarus, lucidus. 
Clothe, vestio, 4. 
Glove, caryophyllum. 
Coal, carbo. 
Cold, adj. frigidus: n. frigus. 
Colic, colicus dolor; tormina (plur. of 
tormen). 
Collect, lego, 3 ; colligo, 3. 
Come, venio, 4; advenio, 4. 
Coming, adventus. 
Command, n. imperium; v. impero, 1, 
w. dat.; jubeo, 2, w. acc.; praesum, 
w. dat. 
Common, communis. 
Comrade, comes. 
Companion, comes. 
Compel, cogo, 3. 
Compound, compono, 3. 
Conquer, supero, 1; vinco, 3. 
Consuit, consulo, 3. 
Consume, consumo, 3. 262 
ENGLISH—LATIN VOCABULARY. 
Contain, contineo, 2; capio, 3. 
Contention, lis, litis. 
Cook, n. coquus; v. coquo, 3. 
Cool, adj. frigidus, subfrigidus; v. re- 
frigero, 1. 
Copper, cuprum. 
Copperas, ferri sulphas. 
Coriander, coriandrum. 
Correct, adj. rectus, emendatus ; v. cor- 
rigo, 3. 
Costly, pretiosus. 
Costive, alvo astricta. 
Cotton, gossypium. 
Cottage, casa. 
Cough, tussis. 
Count, numero, 1. 
Counter, abacus. 
Courage, animus, virtus. 
Cover, obtego, 3. 
Cow, bos, bovis. 
Cure, v. sano, 1; medeor, 2; w. dat.; 
n., sanatio. 
Cup, poculum. 
Cut, seco, 1; caedo, 3; incido, 3. 
Daily, adj., quotidianus; adv., quoti- 
die ; in dies. 
Dandelion, taraxacum. 
Danger, periculum. 
Dangerous, periculosus. 
Dark, adj., obscurus; tenebrosus. 
Darkness, obscuritas, tenebrae. 
Day, dies. 
Dead, mortuus. 
Dear, carus, pretiosus. 
Death, mors; letum. 
Deceive, decipio, 3. 
Decrease, decresco, 3 ; crevi, cretum. 
Deed, factum, facinus. 
Degree, gradus; ordo. 
Delay, n. mora; v. moror, 1, dep. 
Demand, postulo, 1. 
Deny, nego, 1; recuso, 1. 
Depart, abeo, 4; discedo, 3. 
Derive, derivo, 1. 
Describe, describo, 3. 
Despair, despero, 1. 
Destroy, consumo, 3. 
Die, morior, dep.; abeo, 4. 
Difficult, difficilis, gravis. 
Digest, digero, 3; concoquo, 3. 
Diligent, diligens, impiger. 
Disease, morbus; adversa valetudo. 
Dish, catinus. 
Displacement, amotio. 
Display, pando, 3; explico, 1. 
Dispose, dispono, 3. 
Dissolve, dissolvo, 3; solvo, 3. 
Distil, destillo, 1. 
Disturb, turbo, 1; perturbo, 1. 
Divide, divido, 3. 
Do, ago, 3; facio, 3; efficio, 3. 
Doctor, medicus, medicinae doctor. 
Dose, dosis. 
Drachm, drachma. 
Dregs, fex, sedimentum. 
Dress, v. vestio, 4; induo vestem. 
Drink, v. bibo, 3; poto, 1; n., potus, 
potio. 
Drive, ago, 3; agito, 1; pello, 3. 
Drop, gutta. 
Drown, mergo, 3 ; submergo, 3. 
Dry, siccus, aridus. 
Dry, sicco, 1; exsicco, 1. 
During, per; inter. 
Dust, pulvis; mill-dust, pollen; saw- 
dust, scobis. 
Each, quisque; singuli; of two, uturquc. 
Eager, vehemens, acer. 
Ear, auris. 
Early (in the morning), mane. ENGLISH—LATIN VOCABULARY. 
263 
Earnest, severus. 
Easily, facile. 
Easy, facilis. 
Eat, edo, 3; vescor, 1, dep. 
Effect, effectus, eventus. 
Egg, ovum. 
Elegant, elegans. 
Employ, adhibeo, 2. 
Empty, inanis, vacuus. 
End, finis; terminus. 
End, finio, 4; termino, 1. 
Enter, ineo, 4 ; intro, 1. 
Err, erro, 1. 
Esteem, aestimo, 1. 
Evening, vesper. 
Event, eventum, eventus, res. 
Ever, semper, usque, unquam. 
Evii, adj., malus, pravus; n., malum. 
Exceed, excedo, 3. 
Excel, excello, 3; ante-eo, 4. 
Exercise, n., exercitatio, usus; v. exer- 
ceo, 2. 
Expect, expecto, 1. 
Experience, experientia. 
Experienced, peritus. 
Experiment, v. experior, 4; tento, 1; 
n., experimentum. 
Eye, oculus. 
Face, facies, vultus. 
Fact, factum. 
Fair, pulcher, formosus. 
False, falsus, mendax. 
Familiar, familiaris. 
Famous, clarus, inclitus. 
Feeble, debilis, e. 
Fennel, foeniculurn. 
Fever, febris, febricu'a. 
Few, pauci, rari; very few, perpauci. 
Field, ager, agellus. 
Fiery, igneus, ardens. 
Filthy, sordidus, impurus. 
Find, invenio, 4 ; reperio, 4. 
Finger, digitus. 
Fixed, fixus. 
Follow, sequor, 3, dep. 
Food, cibus, alimentum. 
Fool, stultus. 
Foolish, stultus, stolidus. 
Foolishness, stultitia. 
Foot, pes 
For, conj., nam, enim, etenim 
Forget, obliviscor, 3, dep. 
Former, prior, superior. 
Fortunate, fortunatus, beatus. 
Frankincense, tus or thus. 
Free, liber. 
Frequent, frequens. 
Frequently, frequenter, saepe. 
Friend, amicus. 
Friendship, amicitia. 
From, a, ab; de; e, ex. 
Fruit, fructus. 
Full, adj., plenus, expletus. 
Gall, fel, bilis. 
Gallon, congius. 
Game, ludus, lusus. 
Garden, hortus. 
Garlic, allium. 
Garment, vestis. 
Gather, lego, 3; colligo, 3. 
Gift, donum, munus. 
Ginger, zingiber. 
Give, do, 1 ; dono, 1. 
Glass, virtium. 
Glassy, vitreus. 
Go, eo, 4; venio, 4; incedo, 3, 
Gold, aurum. 
Good, bonus, probus. 
Gore, eruor, sanies. 264 
ENGLISH—LATIN VOCABULARY. 
Gout, morbus articularis; gout in the 
hand, chiragra; gout in the foot, poda- 
gra. 
Govern, impero, 1; tempero, 1. 
Gradually, paullatim ; sensim ; pede- 
tentim, gradatim. 
Gravity, gr&vitas. 
Guess, v., conjicio, 3; conjecto, 1; 
auguror, 1, dep. 
Guess, n., conjectura. 
Guide, dux. 
Habit, mos, consuetudo. 
Haggard, macer, macilentus. 
Hair, crinis, pilus, coma. 
Half, adj., dimidius, dimidiatus; n., 
dimidium, dimidia pars. 
Hand, manus. 
Handsome, pulcher, formosus. 
Hang, suspendo, 3; pendo, 3. 
Happy, felix, beatus. 
Hard (not soft), durus; (difficult), 
difficilis. 
Hardly, difficile, aegre, vix. 
Harsh, asper, austerus, severus. 
Hasten, festino, 1 ; propero, 1. 
Hatred, odium, invidia. 
Hay fever, asthma (iltis) pulverulen- 
tum. 
Heal, sano, 1; medicor, 1, dep.; me- 
deor, 2, dep. 
Healing, sanatio. 
Health, valetudo. 
Healthy, sanus, validas, salutaris. 
Heart, cor. 
Heat, calor, ardor, fervor; v. calefacio, 
3; fervefacio, 3. 
Heaviness, gravitas, pondus. 
Heavy, gravis, ponderosus. 
Help, n., auxi'ium, adjumentum; v., 
juvo, 1; auxilior, 1. 
Hide, celo, 1; occulto, 1; operio. 
High, altus, celsus, sublimis. 
Hili, collis, tumulus. 
Hip, coxa. 
Hither, huc. 
Hold, teneo, 2; obtineo, 2. 
Hole, foramen, cavum. 
Hop, lupulus, i, M. 
Horehound, marrubium. 
Horn, cornu. 
Horse, equus. 
Hot, calidus; fervidus. 
How, quam ; how far, quatenus ; how 
great, quantus. 
Hunger, fames. 
Hurry, festino, 1 ; propero, 1. 
Hurt, laedo, 3 ; noceo, 2. 
I, ego. 
If, si; if not, nisi. 
Ignorant, adj., ignarus, indoctus, to be 
ig., v., ignaro, 1; nescio, 4. 
Ignorance, ignorantia, inscitia. 
Illustrious, clarus. 
Imitate, imitor, 1, dep. 
Immediately, statim. 
In, in, w. abi. 
Increase, augeo, 2 ; amplifico, 1. 
Indulge, indulgeo, 2. 
Infant, infans. 
Infuse, infundo, 3. 
Inhabit, habito, 1. 
Inject, injicio, 3. 
Injure, laedo, 3; noceo, 2, w. dat. 
Instruet, erudio, 4 ; doceo, 2. 
Instrument, instrumentum. 
Intend, in animo est, w. dat. 
Intermittent, intermittens. 
Into, in w. acc. 
Invite, invito, 1. 
Invent, invenio, 4. ENGLISH-LATIN VOCABULARY. 
265 
Iron, n., ferrum; adj., ferreus. 
It, is, ea, id. 
Itself, see Self. 
Itch, scabies, psora. 
Ivory, ebur. 
Ivy, hedera. 
Jar, testa, urceus. 
Jaundice, morbus regius, icterus. 
Joint, articulus. 
Joke, jocus. 
Journey, iter. 
Joy, gaudium. 
Judge, judex. 
Just, justus, aequus. 
Justly, juste. 
Keen, acer. 
Keep, teneo, 2. 
Keep off (trans.), arceo, 2. 
Kill, neco, 1; interficio, 3; occido, 3, 
Kind, benignus. 
Knee, genu. 
Knife, culter; scalprum, scalpellum. 
Knot, nodus. 
Know, know how, scio, 4. 
Known, notus. 
Knowledge, notitia, scientia. 
Labor, labor. 
Lack, desum ; (want) egeo, 2. 
Lame, claudus. 
Land, ager; terra. 
Language, lingua. 
Large, magnus. 
Last, ultimus, supremus; extremus. 
Latin, Latinus; “in Latin,” Latine. 
Laugh, rideo; 2 (at), irrideo, 2. 
Law, lex. 
Lay, pono, 3. 
Lazy, piger, ignavus. 
Lead, plumbum. 
Lead, v., duco, 3. 
Leaf, folium. 
Learn, disco, 3. 
Learned, doctus, eruditus. 
Leave, relinquo, 3. 
Leech, hirudo, sanguisuga. 
Leek, porrum. 
Leg, crus. 
Lesson, pensum. 
Life, vita. 
Light, adj., levis. 
Light, n. lux. 
Like, v. amo, 1. 
Liket adj., similis. 
Limestone, calx. 
Lip, labrum. 
Little, parvus. 
Live, vivo, 3; habito, 1 (dwell). 
Liver, jecur; hepar. 
Loin, lumbus. 
Long, longus. 
Look at, specto, 1; inspecto, 1. 
Lose, amitto, 3 ; perdo, 3. 
Loss, damnum. 
Love, amo, 1. 
Low, humilis. 
Lwky, felix. 
Mace, macis. 
Macerate, macero, 1. 
Make, facio, 3 ; (make a trial of) ex- 
perior, 1, dep. 
Man, homo; vir. 
Manner, mos; modus. 
Many, multi. 
Marigold, calendula. 
Mark, nota, signum. 
Master, dominus; magister. 
May, licet, w. dat. 
Mean, significo, 1. ENGLISH—LATIN VOCABULARY. 
Means (by means of), use the abl. 
Measure, n., metrum, v., metior, 4. 
Medicine, medicina; medicamentum. 
Melancholy, tristitia. 
Melt, liquefacio, 3. 
Memory, memoria. 
Middle, medius. 
Milk, lac. 
Mind, animus; mens. 
Mindful, memor. 
Mine, pron., meus. 
Mint, mentha. 
Miserable, miser. 
Miss, omitto, 3; (desire) desidero, 1. 
Mistake, error; to make a mistake, 
erro, 1. 
Mistletoe, viscum. 
Mix, misceo, 2. 
Mode, modus, ratio. 
Modest, modestus. 
Moist, humidus, madidus. 
Money, pecunia. 
Moon, luua. 
More, plus; magis. 
Morning, mane. 
Morrow, eras. 
Most, plurimus. 
Mother, mater. 
Move, moveo, 2. 
Much, multus. 
Must, oportet; debeo, 2. 
My/ pron., meus. 
Name, nomen. 
Narrow, angustus. 
Navel, umbilicus. 
Near, vicinus; propinquus. 
Nearly, prope; paene. 
Necessary, necessarius; necesse. 
Neck, collum. 
Need (want), egeo, 2; careo, 2. 
Neglect, v., negligo, 3. 
Nettle, urtica. 
Never, nunquam. 
New, novus; (fresh), recens. 
Next, proximus. 
Night, nox. 
No, adj., nullus, non ullus. 
Noble, nobilis. 
Noon, meridies. 
Noi’, conj., nec; neque. 
Not, adv., non. 
Nothing, nihil; nil. 
Now, adv., nunc. 
Number, v., numero, 1. 
Nut, nux. 
Oak, quercus. 
Obedient, obediens. 
Obey, pareo, 2. 
Obscure, adj., obscurus. 
Obtain, adipiscor, 3, dep.; potior, 4, w. 
abl. 
Occiput, -Itis, N. 
Offer, offero, 3; praebeo, 2. 
Office (place of business), officina. 
Often, saepe. 
Ointment, unguentum. 
Old, antiquus; vetus ; (old man) sen- 
ex ; (old age, senectus). 
On, in, w. abl.; (of time), abl. 
Once, semel; once (formerly), olim, 
quondam. 
One, unus; one at a time, singuli. * 
Onion, cepa. 
Only, adj., solus ; adv., solum, tantum. 
Open, aperio, 4. 
Or, aut, vel. 
Other, alius ; some—others, alii—alii; 
of two, alter. 
Ought, deb o, 2. 
Ounce, uncia. ENGLISH-LATIN VOCABULARY, 
267 
Our, noster. 
Out of, prep, e, ex, w. abi. 
Over, prep. super, w. acc. and abi. 
supra, w. acc. 
Own, proprius; suus. 
Pain, dolor. 
Pale, pallidus. 
Paper, n., charta; of paper, charta- 
ceus. 
Parent, parens. 
Pa<-t, pars. 
Patient, n., aeger, iegrotus. 
Patiently, patienter. 
Peace, pax. 
People, populus. 
Perceive, percipio, 3. 
Person, persona; homo. 
Physician, medicus. 
Piece, pars; fragmentum. 
Pine away, tabesco, 3. 
Pink (the flower), dianthus. 
Pitch, pix. 
Place, locus. 
Plague, pestilentia. 
Plan, consilium; ratio. 
Play, n. ludus; v. ludo, 3. 
Poison, venenum. 
Plough, v. aro, 1. 
Poor, miser. 
Porous, rarus, spongiosus. 
Possess, v., possideo, 2 ; habeo, 2 ; (get 
possession), potior, 4. 
Potash, potassium. 
Pound, n., libra; half a—selibra; v. 
contero, 3; contundo, 3. 
Pour, fundo, 3. 
Powder, pulvis. 
Power, potestas. 
Powerful, potens. 
Practice, v., exerceo, 2; n., usus, ex- 
perientia. 
Praise, v. laudo, 1; n. laus. 
Preparation, praeparatio. 
Prepare, paro, 1; praeparo, 1. 
Prescription, praescriptum. 
Present, adj., praesens. 
Press, n. prelum ; torcular; v. pre- 
mo, 3. 
Pretty, pulcher. 
Prevent, prohibeo, 2. 
Proceed, procedo, 3. 
Probably, prdbabillter. 
Promise, polliceor, 2; promitto, 3. 
Proud, superbus. 
Provide, paro, 1; comparo, 1. 
Punish, punio, 4. 
Pupil, discipulus. 
Purchase, emo, 3. 
Pure, purus, mundus. 
Purge, purgo, 1, 
Put, pono, 3; loco, 1; put an end to, 
finio, 4;—to flight, fugo, 1. 
Quack, empiricus. 
Queen, regina. 
Quick, agilis, citus. 
Quickly, cito. 
Radish, raphanus. 
Raise, tollo, 3; levo, 1. 
Rather (wish), malo. 
Raw, incoctus, crudus. 
Read, lego, 3; [aloud), recito, 1. 
Receive, recipio, 3; accipio, 3; ex- 
cipio, 3. 
Recently, nuper, recens. 
Recite, recito, 1. 
Recognize, agnosco, 3. 
Recover, recupero, 1 (trans.); conva- 
lesco, 3 (intrans.). 
Rectified, rectificatus. 
Red, ruber; rufus. 
Reduce, redigo, 3. 268 
ENGLISH-LATIN VOCABULARY. 
Refresh, recreo, 1. 
Relate, narro, 1. 
Relieve, rClevo, 1. 
Remain, maneo, 2. 
Remedy, remedium. 
Remember, memini, reminiscor, 3 ; me 
moria teneo. 
Report, nuntio, 1. 
Resemble; am like, similis sum. 
Rest (the), ceteri. 
Restrain, coerceo, 2, 
Return, redeo, 4. 
Rich, dives. 
Rightly, recte. 
Rise, orior, 4, dep. 
Road, via. 
Roll, volvo, 3. 
Root, radix. 
Rosmary, rosmarinus. 
Rough, asper. 
Ruddy, ruber. 
Ruin, profligo, 1; deleo, 2. 
Rule, rego, 3. 
Run, curro, 3. 
Rust, rubigo. 
Sack, saccus. 
Sad, tristis. 
Safe, tutus. 
Sailor, nauta. 
Same, idem, eadem, idem. 
Salt, sal. 
Sand, arena. 
Save, servo, 1. 
Say, dico, 3. 
Scare, terreo, 2. 
Scholar, discipulus. 
School, schola. 
Science, scientia; doctrina. 
Scrape, rado, 3. 
Scruple, scrupulus. 
Sea, mare. 
Seat, sedes, is. 
Second, secundus. 
Seek, peto, 3; quaero, 3. 
Seem, videor, 2. 
See, video, 2. 
Self, ipse. 
Sell, vendo, 3. 
Send, mitto, 3. 
Serious, severus, serius. 
Servant, servus; minister. 
Set, pono, 3 ; statuo, 3. 
Several, aliquot; nonnulli. 
Shame, pudor. 
Sharp (in edge), acutus; (to the taste), 
acer. 
Shelf, abacus. 
Shop, officina. 
Short, brevis. 
Shut, claudo, 3. 
Sicle, aeger; aegrotus. 
Sickly, morbosus, valetudinarius. 
Side, n. latus. 
Sift, cribro, 1. 
Sight, visus; conspectus. 
Sign, signum ; indicium; nota. 
Signify, significo, 1. 
Similar, similis. 
Simple, simplex; purus. 
Since (whereas), cum, w. subj. 
Singular, singularis. 
Sit, sedeo, 2. 
Skillful, peritus; expertus. 
Slave, servus. 
Sleep, n. somnus; v. dormio, 4. 
Small, parvus. 
Soldier, miles. 
Soluble, solubilis, e. 
Some one, aliquis ; quidam ; some— 
others, alii—alii. 
Son, filius. 
Soon, mox. 
Soothe, mollio, 4. [dat. 
Spare, parco (peperci, parsum), 3 ; w. ENGLI8H—LATIN VOCABULARY. 
269 
Speak, loquor, 3, dep.; dico, 3. 
Spearmint, mentha viridis. 
Special, specialis, e. 
Specific, specificus, adj. specificum, n. 
Spring, fons. 
Square, quadratus. 
Stain, maculo, 1. 
State, civitas. 
Stay, maneo, 2; moror, 1, dep. 
Story, fabula. 
Stomach, stomachus. 
Strive, nitor, 3, dep. 
Street, via. 
Strong, validus. 
Study, n. studium. 
Stupid, stupidus. 
Sturdy, validus. 
Suffer, patior, 3, dep.; tolero, 1; suf- 
fero, 3. 
Suitable, opportunus. 
Summer, aestas. 
Sun, sol. 
Surpass, supero, 1; vinco, 3. 
Sure, certus. 
Surely, certe. 
Surgeon, chirurgus. 
Swallow, devoro, 1; degluttio, 4. 
Swear, juro, 1. 
Sweet (to taste or smell), dulcis; sua- 
vis; jucundus. 
Symptom (of disease), nota, signum. 
Table, mensa. 
Take, capio, 3 ; sumo, 3. 
Tall, altus, celsus. 
Tardy, piger; tardus. 
Tar, pix liquida. 
Taste, n. gustus; v., gusto, 1. 
Tea, thea. 
Tell, narro, 1; dico, 3. 
Tender, tener. 
Terrify, terreo, 2. 
Than, quam. 
That, pron. ille; is; iste. 
That, conj. (in purpose or result 
clauses), ut; (after verbs of fear- 
ing), ne; (not), ne ; (after expres- 
sions of doubt), quin; after verbs 
of saying, and the like, not trans- 
lated. 
Their, gen. plur. of is; (own), suus. 
Then, tum; deinde. 
Thence, inde. 
There, ibi; as an expletive, not trans- 
lated. 
Thing, res. 
Think, arbitror, 1; dep. ; puto, 1. 
Thirst, sitis. 
This, pron. hie; is. 
Through, per, w. acc. 
Tired, defessus. 
Time, tempus. 
To, sign of dative; ad, in, w. acc.; 
(expressing purpose), ut; ad, w. 
gerund or gerundive; supine. 
Tongue, lingua. 
To-day, hodie. 
Together with, cum, w. abl. 
To-morrow, eras. 
Too (also), quoque; (much), nimium. 
Touch, tango, 3. 
Towards, ad, in, w. acc. 
Tough, lentus. 
Trachea, trachia. 
Train, exerceo, 2. 
Tree, arbor. 
Translate, reddo, 3. 
Trial (make), experior, 4, dep. 
Troublesome, molestus. 
True, verus. 
Try, experior, 4, dep.; conor, 1, dep. 
1; tento, 1. 
Uncertain, incertus. 
Understand, intelligo, 3. 270 
ENGLISH-LATIN VOCABULARY. 
Undertake, suscipio, 3; conor, 1, dep. 
Upon, in, w. acc. or abl. 
Use, utor, 3, dep., w. abl. 
Useful, utilis. 
Vain {in), frustra. 
Valerian, valeriana. 
Valley, vallis. 
Vaporization, vaporatio onis, F. 
Vein, vena. 
Very, superi, degree, or express by, 
admodum, valde. 
Vine, vitis. 
Vinegar, acetum. 
Violence, vis. 
Virtue, virtus. 
Visit, viso, 3. 
Voice, vox. 
Volatile, volatilis e. 
Vomit, vomo, 3; vomito (often), 1. 
Wagon, carrus. 
Walk, ambulo, 1. 
Wait, expecto, 1. 
Want (be in), careo. 
Ward off, arceo, 2. 
Warn, moneo, 2. 
Warm (tepid), calidus. 
Warm (make), calefacio, 3; tepefacio, 
3. 
Wash, v., lavo, 1; luo, 3, n., lotio. 
Water, aqua. 
Wax, cera. 
Weak, debilis. 
Weary, fessus; defessus. 
Weep, fleo, 2. 
Well, bene. 
Well (be), valeo, 2. 
What, interrog. quis. 
When, cum, or quum; interrog.,quan- 
do. 
Whether, nura; utrum. 
Which, qui; (of two), uter. 
While, dum. 
White, albus. 
Who, rel., qui; interrog., quis. 
Whole, totus. 
Why, cur; quare; quamobrem. 
Wide, latus. 
Wife, uxor. 
Wild, ferus. 
Wine, vinum. 
Winter, hiems. 
Wise, sapiens. 
Wisely, sapienter. 
Wish, volo. 
With, cum, w. abl.; sometimes abl. 
alone. 
Without, sine, w. abl. 
Wool, laua. 
Woods, silva. 
Word, verbum. 
Work, labor; opus. 
Work, laboro. 
Worthy, dignus. 
Would rather, malo. 
Would that, utinam. 
Wound, vulnus. 
Wounded, vulneratus. 
Wretched, miser. 
Write, scribo, 3. 
Writing, scriptum. 
Wrong, injuria. 
Year, annus. 
Yellow, flavus. 
Yesterday, heri. 
Yet, at; tamen. 
You, sing, tu, plur. vos. 
Your, sing, tuus, plur. vester. 
Young man, juvenis, adolescens. 
Zeal, studium. 
Zealous, diligens; studiosus. GENERAL INDEX. 
Ablative of means, etc.: Rule of Syntax 37 
Ablative of manner: Rule of Syntax 61 
Ablative of specification: Rule of Syntax 118 
Ablative of characteristic: Rule of Syntax 233 
Ablative absolute 268, 269 
Accent 6 
Acidum Mtricum - 298 
Adjectives of First and Second Declensions 33 
Adjectives of Third Declension 59, 63, 70 
Adjectives, numeral 180-189 
Agent with ablative : Rule of Syntax 32 
Agreement of adjectives 31 
Alphabet 1 
Antidote of Mithridates 311 
Appositives: Rule of Syntax 30 
Article 13 
PARAGRAPH 
Cases 7 
Cascarillse extractum: Passage for Translation 142 
Cato: Passages for Translation 7y 
Cato de vi medicamentosa brassicae 167 
Cato’s recipe for birth-day cake 175 
Cato de musto 192 
Cato on the medicinal value of cabbage 309 
Celsus de his quae calefaciunt et refrigerant 151 
Celsus de parotidibus 194 
Celsus de curatione vulneris, etc 199 
Celsus de emplastris 212 
Celsus’ remedy for hydrophobia 312 
Chamomillae syrupus 142 
Comparison of adjectives . . . . > 81-87 
Comparison of adverbs 91-96 272 
GENERAL INDEX. 
PARAGRAPH 
Comparative degree: Rule of Syntax 88 
Conjugation of sum 36-42 
Conjugation First 44, 45 
Conjugation Second 53 
Conjugation Third 76 
Conjugation Fourth 97 
Conjugation Third: Verbs in io . . . 102,103 
Cum tempoi'cd, causal, and concessive 240—243 
Declension First 9-12 
Declension Second 25 
Declension Third 48, 49 
Declension Third, mute stems 50 
Declension Third, liquid stems 56 
Declension Third, sibilant stems 58 
Declension Third, stems in i 62 
Declension Third, mixed stems . 69 
Declension Fourth 105-109 
Declension Fourth, exceptions in Dat. and Abl. Plur Ill 
Declension Fifth 113-116 
Declension of special nouns,—vis, deus, etc. 119 
Declension of the Comparative 87 
Deponent verbs of First and Second Conjugations 173-175 
Deponent verbs of Third and Fourth Conjugations 176 
Direct Object: Rule of Syntax 15 
Duration of time: Rule of Syntax 166 
Electuarium TheriStca 300 
Elixir Aurantiorum Compositum 301 
Extractum Absinthii • • • 302 
Gender 8, 107, 108 
Gender, Rules of 72 
Genitive, partitive 190 
Genitive of Characteristic 235 
Gerundive with dative: Rule of Syntax 278 
Gerund and Gerundive 280-284 
Hortatory Subjunctive 248-250 
Indirect Object: Rule of Syntax 17 
Indirect Questions: Rule of Syntax 244, 245 GENERAL INDEX. 
273 
Indirect Discourse 258, 259 
Indirect Discourse: Rule of Syntax . . .. 260, 261 
Imperative 253, 254 
Infinitive: Rule of Syntax 255,256 
Interrogative words,—ne, nonne, num 43 
Impersonal verbs: Rule of Syntax 271-273 
Irregular verbs,—volo, nolo, mdlo 192 
Irregular verb, fero 193 
Irregular verbs, eo,fio 195-198 
PARAGRAPH 
Malagma ad Laterum Dolores 305 
Ne, particle, sign of question 21 
Nugse 165 
Numerals . 130-130 
Oleum Cacao 89 
Participle, declension of the present 71 
Participles 264-267 
Pasta Gummosa 90 
Periphrastic Conjugations 274-276 
Physician and Patient 308 
Place, expressions of: Rule of Syntax 206-210 
Pleasing, displeasing, etc., verbs of: Rule of Syntax 231 
Predicate noun: Rule of Syntax . 16 
Possessive Dative : Rule of Syntax 22 
Prepositions 200-2U5 
Prescriptions for translation 120, 289-297 
Pronouns, classes of 122 
Pronouns, declension of personal 124-126 
Pronouns, use of personal 127-130 
Pronouns, Possessive 132, 133 
Pronouns, Demonstrative 135^151 
Pronouns, Relative, Interrogative, Indefinite 153-162 
Pronouns, Agreement with antecedent: Rule of Syntax 163, 164 
Pronunciation 3 
Pulvis Aromaticus , 142 
Quae Purgent 306 
Quantity of syllables 5 
Quin 226 
Remembering and forgetting, verbs of: Rule of Syntax 178 274 
GENERAL INDEX. 
Seneca, passage for translation 243 
Sequence of tenses 214-225 
Subject of finite verb: Rule of Syntax 14 
Subject Accusative: Rule of Syntax 256 
Subjunctive of sum . • . . 39 
Subjunctive Mood - • 213, 214, etc. 
Subjunctive of Purpose 232 
Subjunctive of Desire 251 
Subordinate clauses of Indirect Discourse 262 
Sum, compounds of 168-171 
Sum, compounds of: Rule of Syntax 172 
Supine in um: Rule of Syntax 286 
Supine in 287 
Syllables, division of words into 4 
PARAGRAPH 
Time when, and within which: Rule of Syntax 57 
Ut with subjunctive to express purpose 229 
Utor, fruor, etc., take the abl.: Rule of Syntax 177 
Verbs of making, choosing, etc.: Rule of Syntax 67 
Wishes and Conditions: Rule of Syntax 247 INDEX. 
SUGGESTIVE DERIVATIONS. 
(The figures refer to the paragraphs.) 
Aerophobia 199, 2 
Ansestheticus 99, 1 
Angelica 303, 1 
Anthemis 71, 1 
Antipyreticus 211, 1 
Antispasmodic 199, 4 
Archangelica 303, 2 
Aristolochia 294, 3 
Aristolochia Polyrrhiza . . . 294 4 
Aristolochia Serpentaria . . 294, 5 
Astigmatism 211, 2 
Atrabilis 294, 2 
Atramentum 294, 1 
Atrophy 199, 3 
Auripigmentum 307, 1 
Brachiocubital 263, 1 
Brachotomy 263, 2 
Brachiorrheuma 263, 3 
Calefacients 227, 2 
Calendula 134, 1 
Calorifacient 270, 1 
Capsicum 134, 2 
Caryophyllum 303, 3 
Caryophyllus Dianthus . . . 303, 4 
Cascarilla 303, 9 
Catarrhus 99, 3 
Chrysalis 252, 2 
Christopher 199, 1 
Cimicifhga 75, 3 
Clarificatio 239, 3 
Cochleare 270, 2 
Cochleariformis 270, 3 
Collutorium 239, 2 
Colluvies 239, 1 
Confection 279, 1 
Contagiosus 239, 4 
Convulsion 263, 3 
Convulsiouaire 263, 4 
Coronoid 252, 3 
Cotyledon 252, 4 
Cubans 310, 1 
Decantatio 239, 5 
Desiccativa 227, 4 
Destillatio 227, 3 
Diagnosis 81, 1 
Diaphoresis 299, 1 
Digitillis 191, 1 
Dosiologia 279, 2 
Dysphagia 252, 6 
Dysphonia 252, 7 
Dyspnoea 252, 5 
Dysthanatos 252, 8 
Electuarium 303, 6 
Elixir 134, 5 
Emeticum . 99, 4 
Emplastrum 99, 5 
Empiricus 279, 3 
Enterotyphus 211, 5 276 
INDEX OF SUGGESTIVE DERIVATIONS. 
Eupatorium 81, 2 
Experimentum 134, 3 
Experior 310, 2 
Extractum 134, 4 
Febricosus 310, 3 
Febriftiga 310, 4 
Gaultheria 99, 6 
Gentiana 134, 6 
Gingivitis 227, 1 
Glucosa 294, 9 
Glycerinum 294, 8 
Glycyrrhiza 294, 6 
Glycyrrhoea 294, 7 
Haemophbbus 307, 3 
Haematites 307, 2 
Haematology 307, 4 
Hedeoma 71, 4 
Hemiopsia 211, 6 
Hemiplegia 252, 1 
Hepatalgia 227, 7 
Humor 307, 5 
Hydrocephalus 313, 3 
Hydromania 199, 7 
Hydrometrum 199, 5 
Hydrophobia 313, 1 
Hydropericai-dium 313, 2 
Hydropneumonia 99, 8 
Hydrotherapy 191, 6 
Hypogastralgia 83, 3 
Hyoscyamus 191, 2 
Incineratio 227, 5 
Lactuca 75, 3 
Lactophosphas 75, 2 
Laevogvre 199, 9 
Lavandula 99, 7 
Letifer 99, 8 
Lumbago 252, 9 
Luxum 81, 4 
Malagma 307, 6 
Malaria 81, 5 
Mastoid 279, 4 
Melituria 279, 6 
Mesosternum 279, 5 
Morbid 270, 4 
Morbific 270, 5 
Morphina 75, 5 
Odontalgia 191, 5 
CEnanthe 307, 7 
Officinalis 279, 7 
Opobalsamum 313, 4 
Oxymel 310, 6 
Parenchyma 303, 7 
Parotis 191, 3 
Pedialgia 307, 8 
Peritoneum 288, 2 
Pestiferous 239, 6 
Pharmacopoeia 288, 1 
Pharmacopola 288, 4 
Phosphorus 288, 5 
Photomania 288, 6 
Photophobia 288, 7 
Photopsia 288, 8 
Photuria 288, 9 
Piperoid 227, 6 
Podophyllum 191, 4 
Praecordia 310, 5 
Pruriginosus 81, 7 
Psora 81, 6 
Ptosis • . . . 288, 3 
Pulsus Biferiens 299, 6 
Pulsus 299, 5 
Pylorus 299, 8 
Pyriformis 299, 7 
Rectificatio 299, 9 
Rectitis 299, 10 INDEX OF SUGGESTIVE DERIVATIONS. 
277 
Retorta 299, 2 
Rhinoplasty 199, 6 
Rosmarinus 307, 9 
Saccharometer 279, 8 
Sacchaeorrhcea 279, 9 
Sanguinaria 99, 2 
Sanguipurgium ...... 313, 5 
Sanguisorba 313, 6 
Sanguisuga 313, 7 
Saponaria 270, 6 
Saponariae Nuculae 270, 7 
Salvia 81, 8 
Sarsaparilla 134, 7 
Scalpellum 191, 8 
Spectroscope 191, 7 
Squamaria 294, 11 
Squamiferous 294, 10 
Strabismus 211, 4 
Subdiaphitnus 307, 10 
Sudiferous • 313, 8 
Tonicum 73, 6 
Torcular 299, 4 
Torrefactio 227, 8 
Tormina 310, 7 
Torticollis 299, 3 
Trifolium 303, 8 
Trochiscus 75, 7 
Typhus 211, 3 
Venaesectio 310, 8 
Ventricle 263, 5 
Ventriloquism 263, 6 
Ventri potent 263, 7 
Xanthopsis 211, 8 
Xanthorrhiza 211, 9 
Xanthoxylum 211, 7 
Xanthuria 211, 10 
Xylobalsamum 307, 11 
Zo5phyte 303, 5