jap Jf S W M Mr M M air raid precautions and civil defense I WORK. PROJECTS ADMINISTRATION DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA LIBRARY OF CONGRESS-OFFICIAL SPONSOR WORK PROJECTS ADMINISTRATION BIBLIOGRAPHY OF AIR RAID PRECAUTIONS AND CIVIL DEFENSE Prepared by District of Columbia Adult Education Project Section of Public Activities Programs Work Projects Administration Library of Congress, Official Sponsor Washington, D. C. January 1942 February 20, 1942 The second volume of the BIBLIOGRAPHY OF AIR RAID PRECAUTIONS AND CIVIL DFEENSE is a splendid piece of work which it is hoped will be useful as a comprehensive guide. Upon the basis of it more select lists may be made by those interested in special phases of the subject. A comprehensive subjext index adds to the convenience of using the volume. The Library of Congress has been glad to sponsor the Bibliographical Unit and to lend its facilities for this important work. The Work Projects Administration is to be commended for its foresight in anticipating the need for such important information and in taking the initiative to see that it is made available. Luther H. Evans Acting Librarian of Congress INTRODUCTION The second listing of the Bibliography .of Air Raid Precautions and Civil Defense was prepared at the Library of Con- gress by the Air Raid Precautions ‘Bibliographical Unit of the District of Columbia Work Projects Administration. While in the main the methods employed in preparing the first published listing have been followed, a few improvements in organization have been effected. The new listing of previously unpublished material contains, in response to numerous requests, an index of subjects and authors and two appendices. Appendix "A" lists serials consulted, giving for each the name and place of publication, the first date of publication, the freauency of pub- lication, centimeter size of publication, and where possible, the cąll number of the Library of Congress. Appendix "B" lists other works consulted, giving all pertinent data, including centimeter sizes and the Library of Congress call number. Though an effort' has been made to remain non-evaluative and non-critical in approach to the treatment of the material, some items which do not lend themselves readily to immediate use by the specialist or lay reader have been.omitted from this second list- ing. A typical example is the treatment of the material found in the Surgeon General’s Library (DSG). The medical material which has been admitted to the listing reflects the participation of the lay- man (trained and untrained) in the various phases and problems of Civilian Defense as he encounters them in the execution of his duties in the community. The purely medical aspects have been deleted since the specialists and medical officers will not in any event consult this work apart from their normal preoccupation with the structural aspects of air raid shelters, blackout, evacuation problems, etc,, as these items bear upon hygiene (mental and physical), casualties, and the other moral, social and physiological relationships of those affected by "blitz warfare". In fact, the cross indexing has been designed to permit the specialists in the technology of air raid precautions to probe the related aspects of their several problems and their interlocking responsibilities. With respect to the Slavic material the rules of translit- eration are those suggested by the Library of Congress. IV In so far as possible all available material from Latin America has been scanned and pertinent material listed. Special thanks are due to the Honorable Archibald-MacLeish, the Librarian pf Congress, and to Dr. Luther H. Evans, Chief Assist- ant Librarian of Congress, for their continued assistance- and sug- gestions making it’ possible to carry this work on in these critical times. We wish, also to- thank Edward Arnold Chapman, Director of the Library Program of the Work Projects Administration, and Eugene Adhemar, Tilleux, Bibliographic Consultant to the.Work Projects Administration, for their consistent encouragement of the work since its inception; and appreciation is due to Panders Pehrscn, Assistant Chief, Division of Aeronautics, Library of Congress; and to Arthur G. Renstrom, Senior Assistant, Division-of Aeronautics, Library of Con- gress, for their advice and cooperation; and it is with great pleas- ure that we mention the contributions of Elizabeth Hawthorn Buck and Olive Turner, whose voluntary services were secured through the kind offices of the Civilian Defense Volunteers of the District of Colum- bia; Frank J. Whitfield, Fellow in the Library of Congress in Slavic Languages and Literatures; Richard H. Heindel, Fellow in History of the Library of Congress, and Executive Secretary of the Committee on Conservation of Cultural Resources; and Sergius 0. Yakobson, Consultant of the Library of Congress in Slavic History. , In the Army Medical Library,'Colonel Harold W. Jones, the Librarian; Charles G. Toepper, Assistant Librarian; Louis G. Gold- burg, In Charge of Documents; Robert B. Austin, Junior Library Assistant; and Alan R. S. MacKenzie, In Charge of the Reading Room, were generous with their assistance and with the material at their disposal. ' .. ■ In the Library of the Department-of the'Public Roads Ad- ministration, we should like especially to' thank 0. Louise Evans, Librarian, and Mildred W. Helvestine, Assistant Librarian,’ for’ their valuable assistance in the preparation of material. William W. Schwartzman ERRATA Item 212k, p. 19, line 6 should read "but in time of war a lighting order would". Item 2137, p. 23, line 3 should read "1939, September 8, Vol. CXXV, No. 322k, p. 326 “. Item 2333, p. 69, line 5 should read "heavy bombs camouflaged"* Item 2k50, p. 95, line 2 should read "Illustrated Carpenter and Builder", Item p. Il8, line 2 should read "The Statesman", Item 27k3, p. 157, line 3 should read "19kl, April 26, Vol. CXL, No. 5096, p. 550 Item 27k9, p. 159, line 3 should read "Coleman, L.E.". Item 2871, p. 187, line 6 should read "trains, may render them useless". Item 2873, p. 187, line 1 should read "individualnyi khimicheskii paket"* Item 2891, p. 192, line 2 should read "Castle, Sydney E,". Item 3098, p. 2k0, line 3 should read "Archives Medicales Beiges". Item 3098, p. 2I4.O, line 5 should read "The danger to the civilian population of aerial and chemical". Item 3150, p. 251, line 2 should read "The Statesman". Item 32kO, p. 272, line 3 should read "Contamination by gas, sabotage, and defense signals”. Item 3287, p. 28k, line 5 should road "(1) mass raiding". Item 3360, p. 300, line 1 should read "Protection from air raids". Item 3k98, p. 335, line 9 should read "clothing, the stretcher, and the first aid kit"• Item 3562, p. 352, line k should read "workers return to their offices through streets of". Item 3565, p. 353, line 1 should read "bill in which0. Item 3589, p. 358, line k should read "19kl, April, Vol. 3k, No, k, p. 302". Item 3601, p. 361, line 6 should read "this was the first air raid drill to be conducted". Item 3733, p. 393, line 2 should read "Butler, R, Cotterel" . Item 375k, p. 398, line 6 should read "The type of shelter decided on is shovm in figure 1" , Item p, k?5, line 2 should read "Company (Poplar Docks)1’, SUBJECT INDEX ABDOMINAL WOUNDS, 313U ABNORMAL CHILDREN, See CHILDREN, ABNORMAL ACCIDENTS (TRAPSIC), 2177, 2189-93, 2195-96, 2201, 235? ACCOUNTING, 2687 ADOLESCENTS, 21*02, 2l*08 ADOPTION (OF CHILDREN), 2l*00 * AGED, 2039-1*0, 2926-2? AGRICULTURE, 201*1-1*3 "AGRIPPA" INCENDIARY BOMB LIFTER, 2233 AIR CONDITIONING, 2139, 2672, 2677 AIR RAID PRECAUTIONS INSTITUTE, 2?0? "AIR SPEED” AMBULANCE, 2058 AIRCRAFT PLANTS, 211*0, 21*35, 2677 AIRDROMES, 2332, 2336-37, 1*033 ALIPORE TEST HOUSE, 3l*26 AMBULANCES, 2056-72, 2781, 2802, 29hh, 2958, 2999, 3316 all steel, 2059 improvised, 2061, 2072 trailer, 2066, 2068-72 AMERICAN COMMITTEE FOR AIR RAID RELIEF, 1*215 AMERICAN HOSPITAL ASSOCIATION, 3017 AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION, 3181 AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION, l*2l*7 AMMONIA, 3085 AMMUNITION DEPOTS, 3861* ANDERSON SHELTERS, 3657, 3830, 3833, 3920-21 ' . ANESTHESIA, 313U ANIMALS, 2073-80, 2835, 285U, 3638 ANTI-SPLINTER LIQUIDS, 2902 ARCH, CENTERLESS, 2290, 2326 ARCHITECTS, 2278, 2282, 2287, 3561*, 3981, 1*021, 1*113, 1*197 ARCHITECTURE, 3250, See .also BUILDING "ARMOURLIGHT” LENS, 2898 "ARMOURPLATE” LENS, 2898 ARTIFICIAL LIMBS, 3105 ARTILLERY, 2330-31 ASBESTOS, 2235, 2253, 2281 * ASBESTOS-CEMENT, 3986, 1*011, 1*025 ASPHALT, 3956 ”ASSISTING THE ENEMY", 3053 ASSOCIATION OF ARCHITECTS,'SURVEYORS, AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANTS, 2259, 229U, 2561, 371*8/3783, 3818-19 ' ’■ ASSOCIATION OF MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS, 21*21, 21*1*1 ASSOCIATION OF PUBLIC LIGHTING ENGINEERS, 2161* AUTOMOBILES, 31*28, l*0l*5, 1*056-71, l*ll*7 AUXILIARY FIRE SERVICE, 2729-30, 2737 AUXILIARY NURSING RESERVE CORPS, 3086 AVIATION, 2332-39, 1*01*0 AXLES, 2180 AYR HARBOUR, 1*081* SUBJECT INDEX BABIES, See INFANTS BADGES, 3445, 3507-08 BALLISTICS, 2262 BANK OF ENGLAND NOTES, 243.3-34 - ' BARCELONA, 2227, 2802, 3765, 3823 BARRAGE BALLOONS, 2081 BARROW DOCKS, 4085 EASEMENT SHELTERS, 3717, 3737-46 BATH (CITY), 2604 BATES, See PUBLIC BATHS BATTERIES, 4056 BEAMS, 2300, 2905 BEDFORD (ENGv ), 3707 BELFAST, 2568, 3554, 3704 BELGIUM, 3237-38 "BENNIEFLEX11 i 4007 BERLIN, 2099 2103, 3546 BERMONDSEY, 2158, 3885 BIBLIOGRAPHY, 2082, 2340 BILLETING, 2376, 2485, 2529, 2543, 2593, 2619-2649, 3062, 3319, 4214 BIRKENHEAD, 3341 BIRMINGHAM, 2467, 3667 BLACKOUT, 2083-2214, 2280, 2327-29, 2676, 2678, 2699, 2900, 2911, 2921, 3023, 3047, 3162 BLACKPOOL, 3739 BLAST (BOMB), 2217, 2223, 2262, 3600 BLEACH CREAM, 2842 .. BLIND, 2215, 3106, 3978, 4200 BLINDS, See WINDOW BLINDS BLOOD, 2806, 3087-88, 3134, 3164 ’ ' ‘ - BLOOD SUBSTITUTES, 3087 BLYTH HARBOUR COMISSION,. 40,73 BOMB DISPOSAL SQUABS, 3572 ‘ , BOMB-PROOF SHELTERS, 3747-60 ‘ ’ • BOMBS, 2216-58, 2262, 2286, 2333, 3471, 3982, 3992, 4017-19. blast, 2217, 2225 penetration, 2220, 2262, 2297 BOMBS, GAS, 2050, 2216, 2221, 2225, 2283 BOMBS, HIGH EXPLOSIVE, 2050, 2216, 2221, 2227-2232, 2235, 22‘62, 2899 BOMBS, INCENDIARY, 2050, 2216, 2220-21, 2225, 2233-2258, 2263, 2281, 2524, 3397, 3471 •BONALLACK-CHEVROLET AMBULANCE, 2063 BONES, 3134 BO*NESS HARBOUR AND DOCKS, 4077 BOOK REVIEWS, 2259-2281 BOOKS, 2373, 2447, 3072-77 BOSTON, 3384 ' . BOURNEMOUTH, 2101, 3335 BOY SCOUTS, 3434 BOYS1 CLUBS, 3725 ' ’ Bradford, 3669, 3935 * ' SUBJECT IUDEX BREMEN, 2246 BREIT-GM, 2348 BRICK SHELTERS, 3761-63, 3939, 3994 BRICKWORK, 3984 BRIDGES AS SHELTERS, 3893-94 BRIGHTON, 2846, 2863 BRISTOL MUSEUM, 3211 BRITISH ELECTRIC ASSOCIATION, 2463 BRITISH FEDERATION OF MASTER PRINTERS, 2453 BRITISH MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, 2410, 3137 BRITISH MUSEUM, 3212 BRITISH STANDARDS INSTITUTION, 2507, 2524, 3043 BRITISH STEEL WORKERS ASSOCIATION, 3745 BRIXHAM, 3333 BROOKLYN, N. Y., 3601 BROOMLEE, WEST LINTON, 2607 "BRUERE" DETECTOR, 2853 BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, 2603 BUILDING, 2289-2306, 24S2, 2450, 2561, 3538-45 BUILDING MATERIALS, 4194, 4196 BUILDING RESEARCH STATION, 2325 BUNKS, 3674, 3810 BURLAP, 2343 BURNS, 2788, 2808, 3110, 3134 BUSES, See MOTOR BUSES CABINET*?, FIREPROOF, 2765 CAFES, MUNICIPAL, 2473 CALCIUM CHLORIDE, 3778 CALCUTTA, 3426 CAMBRIDGE (ENG.), 2374' CAMOUFLAGE, 2274, 2307-53, 3997 of artillery, 2330-31 of aviation, 2332-39 of buildings, 2320, 2327, 2678, 2899 of cavalry, 2313 of dwellings, 2328 of fortifications, 2345 of hospitals, 2327 of mines, 3167 of pigeons, 2346 of railroads,'2351-52 of semaphores, 2272 of shelters, 2324 of uniforms, 2347 of vehicles, 2353 CAMOUFLAGE NET, 2341 CAMPS (CHILDREN’S), 2487-88, 2494, 2535, 2557, 2606-07 CANADA, 3239-40 CANALS, 2084 SUBJECT INDEX CANTEENS, FACTORY, 2458, 2468 CANTEENS, MOBILE, 2456, 2475 CANTEENS, TRAILER, 2456 CAR PARKS AS SHELTERS, 3892, 3900, 3937 CARBON DIOXIDE, 2849, 3947-49 CARBON MONOXIDE, 2362 CARDIFF, 2441, 3665, 3723, 3922 CARMARTHEN, 3894 CARTS, 2523 "CASH" PISTOL, 2073 CASUALTIES, 2354-72 CAVALRY, 2313 CEAG LAMPS, 2147-48 CELLOPHANE, 2870 CELLULOSE ACETATE, 2115, 2893 CEMENT, 3825 CENSORSHIP, 3180 CERTIFICATES, billeting, 2632 death, 2366 CHADWICK TRUSTEES, 3661 CHARITIES, 3070 CHEMICAL KIT, 2873 CHESHIRE, 3940 CHILD GUIDANCE CLINICS, 2650, 2663 CHILDREN, 2207, 2373-2422, 2457, 2460, 2838, 2876, 2878, 2927, 2930, 2933, 3120, 3130, 5137, 5155, 3418, 5560, 3637, 3706 adoption, 2400 effect of air raids on, 2049, 2395 CHILDREN, ABNORMAL, 2398-99, 2404, 2648 CHINA, 3548-49 "CHLOR-SAN”, 4235 CHLORAL HYDRATE, 2480 CHLORIDE GAS, 2714 CHLORIDE OF LIME, 2523 CHLORINATED SODA, 4235, 4241 CHLORINATION (OP TATER), 4235, 4238, 4244 CHLORINE, 2515 CHRISTCHURCH, 3335 CHUNGKING, 3509, 3549 CHURCHES, 2282 CHURCHES AS SHELTERS, 3895 CIVIL DEFENSE SERVICES COMFORTS FUND, 2426 CIVIL NURSING RESERVE, 2412 CIVIL SERVICE, 2542, 2554 CLACKMANNANSHIRE, 3336-37 CLACTON, 3339 "CLEAN-UP” SQUADS, 2685 CLERGYMEN, 3888 SUBJECT INDEX CLINICS, 2509 " « . '' , CLOTHING, 2391, 2[[17-28, 2536, 2855, 2930, 3071 CLOTHING, FIREPROOF, 2523-25, 21+27 CLOUD FORMATIONS, 2833 . CLUBS, 23314 CLYDE NAVIGATION TRUST, 5075 CLYDESIDE, 3171, 3555 ' COLCHESTER, 2767 COLLIERIES, See MINES COLOR LIGHTING, 2092, 2115, 2138, 2168 nCOMFORT" LIGHTING, 2163 COMMON LAW, 2159, 2186, 2197 COMMUNAL FEEDING, 2556-2576, 2925, 3657, 3693, 5227 COMPENSATION (FOR INJURY), 5203-13 COMPENSATION (FOR WAR DAMAGE), 3593, 5135-68 CONCRETE, 2285-86, 2296, 2300, 2306 CONCRETE SHELTERS, 3765-79, 3789, 3931, 3957 CONFERENCE OF MAYORS, 3505, 3507 . CONSCIENTIOUS OBJECTORS, 3538, 3565 CONSTRUCTION OF SHELTERS, 3780-3805 - . COOPERATIVE WHOLESALE SOCIETY, 3866 CORNWALL, 2391 CORONERS, 2366 COTTON, 3730 COUNCIL FOR THE PRESERVATION OF RURAL ENGLAND, 2053 COUNTY COUNCILS ASSOCIATION, 2521, 2550 COURTS, 3050, 3055 juvenile, 2390 COVENTRY, 3553, 3762 "CRABTREE SWITCH UNIT", 2111 CRIME, 3182 CURRENCY, 2517 "D. X. POWDER", 2738 DAGENHAM, 2565 DAMS, POWER,.3528 DARLINGTON, 2579 DEATH CERTIFICATES, 2366 DECIPHERMENT (OF CHARRED DOCUMENTS), 2580 DECONTAMINATION, 2515, 2523, 2825-35, 2886, 3291 DEFENSE AREAS, 2537 DEFFETT FRANCIS ART GALLERY SCHOOL, 3217 DELAYED ACTION BOMBS, 2217, 2228-30, 2232 DEMOLITION, 2282 DENTAL CARE, 2503 DERBY, 3825 DESIGN OF SKELTERS, 3780-3805 DETECTORS (OF INCENDIARY BOMBS), 2236, 2238-2251, 2259, 2257, 2266, 3968, 5232, 5235 SUBJECT INDEX DEVON, 2391, 2609 DIABETIC ASSOCIATION, 3152 DIABETICS, 3152 DIRECT HITS, 2217, 2289, 3751, 3997 DIVE BOMBERS, 2051, 2946 DOCKS AND HARBOURS, 4073-97 DR. JOHNSON»S HOUSE (LONDON), 3228 DOCTORS, 2772, 2778, 2839, 2862, 3093, 3097, 3101-03, 3115, 3157, 3162 3455, 3552, 3590 DOCUMENTS, 2478-2483 DOGS, 2078, 2276 shelters for, 2076, 2079 gas masks for, 2854 DOMINIONS (BRITISH), 2594 DOORS (OF SHELTERS), 3791, 3805-06, 3930 DOUGLAS AIRCRA.FT, 2140 DOVER MUSEUM, 3212 DRAINAGE PUMPS, 2288 DRUGGISTS, 3104 DRUGS. DANGEROUS, 2771 DUMBARTON, 2718 DUNDEE HARBOUR TRUST, 4075 DURASTEEL, 3990 DUST (IN SHELTERS), 3859, 3952 DWELLINGS, 2181-82, 2328, 2580, 3996, 4005, Ü027 DYE, 2788 EAR Qarnage to by explosives, 2045, 2048 ECOLES AMBULANCE TRAILER, 2066 EDGEWOOD ARSENAL, MD,, 3492 EDINBURGH, 2565, 2711 EDUCATION, 2391, 2411, 2414, 2484-2505, 2552, 2597 ELECTRIC HEATERS, 3836-37 ELECTRIC PLANTS, 2429 ELECTRIC "WELDING, See YIELDING, ELECTRIC "ELSAN" CHEMICAL CLOSETS, 3916 EMBOLISM, PULMONARY, 2926, 2936, 3856 ENGINEERS, 2297, 3527, 3794 EPIDEMIOLOGY, 2914, 2919, 3695, 3964 EQUIPMENT, 2109-2118, 2506-2524, 3091, 3129, 3471, 3805-12 "EUSTACE THOMAS" STRETCHER, 2805 EVACUATION, 2378, 2383, 2386, 2484, 2525-2665, 2685, 2910, 2914-20, 2924-25, 2927-28, 2930, 3109, 3119-21, 3182, 3232, 3246, 3287-88, 3304, 3319, 3322, 3343, 3964, 4042 EVACUATION AREAS, 2566-67, 3054, 3065, 3593 EVAPORATION (METEOROLOGY), 2333 EVENING SCHOOLS, 2384 EXHIBITIONS, 2218, 2666-67, 3224, 3785 SUBJECT INDEX "EXIDE" PORTABLE LAMP, 211*9 EXISTING BUILDINGS, PROTECTION OF, 3995, l*00l*, 1*017, 1*020 EXPECTANT MOTHERS, 2668-2669 EYE effect of blackout on, 2087, 2093, 209); injury in air raid, 20U7 FABIAN SOCIETY, 2662 FACTORIES, 221*3, 2299, 21*3$, 21*58, 21*68, 2670-86, 2895, 3386, 31*16,3503, 3995, 3997, 1*189 FACTORY CANTEENS, 21*58, 21*68 FACTORY LIGHTING, 2137-211*5, 2156, 2677, 3611*, 3618, 3622 FACTORY SHELTERS, See INDUSTRIAL SHELTERS FAMILIES, 3966 FINANCE, 21*61, 2552, 2687-2703, 30l*8, 33l*3, 3371, 1*111 FINCHLEY, 21*70 FINSBURY, 2271, 3057, 3362, 3686 FIRE BOMBS, See BOMBS, INCENDIARY FIRE COLLEGE, LONG ISLAND, N. Y., 3l*93 FIRE EXTINCTION, 221*3, 25ÖO, 270U-275U, 3053 FIRE PRECAUTIONS, 2283, 2288, 2755-27ö6, 3058-3060, 3062, 3069, 3103, 33l*3, 3396-97 FIRE-PROOF CLOTHING, See CLOTHING, FIREPROOF FIRE PROOFING, 2513 FIRE-WATCHERS, 2758, 2761, 2766, 3969-71*, 3976 FIREMEN, 31*93 FIRST AID, 2100, 2283, 2375, 21*56, 2631, 2711, 2767-2808, 29l*U, 2958., 3009, 3091, 3093, 3097, 3112, 3113, 3117, 311*5, 3150, 3316, 31*1*2-1*3, , 31*51*-56, 31*71, 31*75, 3l*77, 31*83, 3l*98, 3506 ’’FIRST AID REPAIRS", hHh-76 FLANDERS, 3595 FLARES, 2131; FLEE WOOD HARBOUR AND DOCKS, 1*086 FLOATING POWER HOUSES, 3528 FLOOD PROTECTION, l*0l*3 FLUORESCENT PAINT, 3l*2l* FLUORESCENT LIGHTING, 2126, 2136, 2677 FOG LIGHTS, 2131* FOOD, 2809-2823, 2827, 2851*, 2933, 3015, 3232-3231*, 3316, 3319, 3322, 361*7, FORTIFICATIONS, 23i*5 FOSTER PARENTS, 2376 FOUGASSE BOMB, 2883 "FOUR-SIX UTILITY" AMBULANCE, 2056 FRACTURES, 3160 FRANCE, 2556-58, 321*1-1*7, 3595 "THE FRICO HEADLAMP MASK", 2113 FURNITURE, 1*192 SUBJECT INDEX "G. I. 0." DETECTOR, 2853 GAMES, 2373 ' GARAGES, U0U5 GARAGES AS SHELTERS, 3896, 3935 GARCHEY SYSTEM, 36h9 GARNER-8 TRAUSSI,ER AMBULANCE TRAILER, 2070 GARSTON DOCKS, U087 GAS BOMBS, See BOMBS, GAS GAS, ILLUMINATING, 3526, 3529-31, 3533 GAS MASKS, 2263, 2375, 2393, 2728, 2837-Ul, 28)4)4—k 8, 23911-55, 2857, 2860-6U, 2871, 287U, 2876-78, 2880, 2890, 3173, 33I49, 3’(31 for animals, -235U for children, 2393, 2838, 2361, 2876, 2878, 2888 for infants, 2393, 2838, 28i|l, 2876, 2878, 2838 GAS PRECAUTIONS, 2216, 2219, 2225, 2272, 2836-90, 3003, 32U5, 32)49 3)171-72, 3)48)4, 3501 GAS PROOF ROOMS, 2263, 2:866 GAS-PROOF SHELTERS, 3813-15 GAS SPRAY, 2216 GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE INDUSTRIAL POPULATION, ROYAL COMMISSION ON, 2431 GERMANY, 32)48-5)4, GLASGOW, 2387, 3368, 39)43 GLASS, PROTECTION OF, 2090, 2182, 2303, 2580, 2891-2908, 297k, 3997, k008, U037 GUSS BRICKS, 3658 GUSS LENSES,2898,' i|0Q6,- I4OIO GUSS SUBSTITUTES, 2906 ■ GLOUCESTER, MSS., 33^5 GLYCERINE, 2i|80 GLYNN VIVIAN ART GALLERY, 3217 "GOOD EMPLOYERS’ OBLIGATIONS", 2429 GRAND UNION CANAL COMPANY, I4O76 GRANGEMOUTH HARBOUR AND DOCKS, U088 GRAVEL, 3933 GREECE, 3226 GRIMSBY DOCKS, I4O78 GUILD HALL MUSEUM, 3228, 3366 GYPSUM, kOl5 ... HAMBURG, U107 HAMPSHIRE, 3359 HAMPSTEAD, 3UU6 HARBOURS, See DOCKS AND HARBOURS HARROGATE, 33kl HARTLESPOOLE DOCKS, U079 HEADLAMP MASKS, 2113-U, 2117, 212$, 3959 HIGH EXPLOSIVE BOMBS, See BOMBS, HIGH EXPLOSIVE HEALTH, 2376, 2lil2~13, 2552, 2605, 2656-57, 2909-29k3, 38UU 3912, 391U HEALTH AND PLEASURE RESORTS ASSOCIATION, 25Ul HEALTH VISITORS, 2923 SUBJECT INDEX XIII HEALY, MAURICE, 25'25 HEATERS, ELECTRIC, 3836-37 HEATERS, WATER, 2791 HEATING OF SHELTERS, 3836-1*3 HELMET RESPIRATORS, 2837-38, 281*1, 2876 HELMETS, 23D4, 2520-21, 3h31 HEMORRHAGE, 2777, 313h, 311*1*, 3161* HEMPSTEAD, 3176 HEROISM, 3571, 3572-73 HISTORIC BUILDINGS, 2287 HOME GUARD, 2726, 2932, 29ÜU-5U, 3062 HOMELESS, 3129, 1*2ll*, 1*216, 1*220, 1*221*, 1*226-27 HONOLULU, 2100 HORNSEY, 381*1 HORSES, 2071*, 2851* HOSPITALS, 2283, 2327, 2329, 2363, 2365, 21*09, 21*77, 2535,' 2702, 2782-83, 2799, 2801-02, 2862, 2905, 2925, 2955-3025, 3302, 3316, 381*5, 3621*, 1*000, 1*022 HOSTELS, 2389, 261*8 HOTELS, 2188 HOUSEWIVES, 31*1*6 HOUSING, 201*0, 2306, 21*11, 3026, 3612, 3661*, 1*183 HULL, 2110, 1*227 HULL DOCKS, 1+080 HYDROLYSIS, 2853 HYGIENE, 2933, 38i*l*-63 HYGIENE, MENTAL, See MENTAL HYGIENE • • IDENTITY CARDS, 2375 ILFORD, 2l*9l* ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING SOCIETY, ’2165 IMMINGHAM DOCK, l*08l IMMOBILIZATION (OF AUTOMOBILES), 1*059, 1*063 IMPERIAL WAR MUSEUM, 3216, 3229 ' INCENDIARY BOMBS, See BOMBS, INCENDIARY INDIA, 2559-60, 3373-77, 3U91 INDOOR SHELTERS, 3689 See also PRIVATE SHELTERS INDUSTRIAL EFFICIENCY effect of air attack on, 2225 INDUSTRIAL SHELTERS, 2672-86, 3903 INDUSTRY, 21*1*8, 3322 dispersal, 21*35, 21*1*9, 2512 INFANTS, 2393, 2836, 281*1, 2859, 2876, 2882 INFORMATION CENTERS, 1*221* INJURY (CIVILIAN), 1*200-13 SUBJECT INDEX INSTITUE OF PUBLIC CLEANSING, 3291 INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS, 3750 INSTITUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS, 2241 INSULIN, 3152 INSURANCE, 2376, 3027-3036, 4135-68 of automobiles, 4064, 4147 INTEREST RATES, 2430, 2441 INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS, 3037-3039 INTERNATIONAL FIRS FIGHTERS ASSOCIATION, 2725 IRREMOVABILITY, STATUS OF, 2603 ISLE OF WIGHT, 3639 ITALY, 3378-79 JANITORS, 3441, 3449 JEWS, 3171, 3887 JOHNSON, SAMUEL his London house, 3228 JOINTS, 3134 JUVENILE COURTS, 2390 "KLING” DETECTOR, 2853 KNAP HILL, SURREY, 2324 LABOKERS, 2138 LACQUER, 2133, 2168 LAGUARDIA, F. H., 3387, 3369, 3394, 3399, 3400 LAHORE, 2559 LAMBETH, 2610 LANCASHIRE, 2602, 2794 LANCASHIRE ASSOCIATION OF URBAN DISTRICT COUNCILS, 4226 LANDES ARBEIT AMT, 2438 "LANDLORD AND TENANT", 4118-20, 4128, 4160 LATERAL PROTECTION, 2679 LAWS, 2278, 3039-71, 3378, 3381, 3868-70, 3877-78 Sco also COMMON LAW LAWYERS, 2478, 2483 LEADED GLASS, 2891 LEAGUE OF NATIONS, 3037 3543 LEEDS CITY MUSEUM, 3213 LEICESTER, 3767 LEGAL DOCUMENTS, See DOCUMENT'S LENSES, See GLASS LENSES LIBRARIES, 5072-77 THE LIBRARY ASSOCIATION, 3072 LIGHT LOCKS, 2124, 2130, 2136, 2141 LIGHTING, 2119-80, 3062 LIGHTING FIXTURES, 2118, 2120, 2156 SUBJECT INDEX LIGHTING OF SHELTERS, 3883-8!* LIGHTING REGULATIONS, 2050, 2132, 2ll*l*, 2183-8.8 LIMBS, ARTIFICIAL, 3105 LIME, 2523 . LIVERPOOL, 2l60, 21*73-71*, 3219, 361*1*, 1*211* LLOYDS OF LONDON, 31*79 : •• . ' LOEWSTOFT HARBOUR AND DOCKS, 1*082 LONDON, 2103, 21*67, 2586, 27l*3, 3133, 3192, 3195, 3220, 3367, 351*1*, 351*6, 3550,3560-63, 3568, 3571, 3576-78, 3581-3581*, 3693, 3709,-1*221 THE LONDON AND NORTH EASTERN RAILWAY COMPANY, 1*077-83 THE LONDON, MIDLAND AND SCOTTISH RAILWAY COMPANY, l*081*-90 LONDON MUSEUM, 3213 LORD MAYOR*S NATIONAL AIR PćAID DISTRESS FUND, 1*222-23 LOS ANGELES, 3381*, 31*06 LUMINOUS PAINT, 2191*, 3l*2l*, 3l*26 • ■ . LYNN, MASS., 2152 "MALSALLEZ" DETECTOR, 2853 MANCHESTER, 2l*67, 2U73, 2722, 3310, 3698, 3936, 1*220 MASKS, See HEADLAMP MASKS .. . MATT WHITE PAINT, 31*28 MEDICAL SCHOOLS, 2l*86, 2977 - ■ ' ■ ’ ■ MEDICAL SERVICE, 21*09-11, 2l*13, 21*15, 2536, 2918, 29hh, 32)49, 3375, 3897, domiciliary, 2361, 2918, 2966 See also FIRST AID HOSPITALS MENTAL DEFECTIVES, 3165-66 . MENTAL HYGIENE, 20l*l*, 2051*, 3131, 3190, 3701 i ' MERRYWEATHER TURNTABLE LADDER, 2712 ' MERSEY DOCKS AND HARBOURS BOARD, 1*097 METEOROLOGY, 2833, .31*12 ' . "METROVICK" COMPLEMENTARY COLOR, 2138 MEYER MEMORIAL HOSPITAL, 2955, 3737*' ’ . A - MIDDLESBROUGH, 331*1 , MIDDLESBROUGH DOCKS, J4O83 - ' MIDLANDS, 21*1*8 * ' ; MIDWIVES, 2669, 2923 MILK, 291*2 ■ MILKING, in blackout, 20l*l - MINES, 211*2, 3167-70 MOBILE CANTEENS, 21*75 MOBILE SHOPS, 21*51* MONMOUTHSHIRE, 2391 MORALE, 3172-3210, 3571, 3885-89 MORATORIUM, 21*1*1*, 3065, 3068, 1*131 "MORRIS-COMMERCIAL” AMBULANCE, 2062 MORTGAGES, 1*117, 1*127, 1*131, l*l5l MORTUARIES, 2361*, 2935 SUBJECT INDEX MOTOR BUSES, 2H0, 2151, 2170, 2173, 2171*, 2178, 331*1*, 3UÖ0, 1*057-58, 1*060, 1*065, 1*068 MUNICIPAL CAFES, 21*73 MUSEUMS, 3211-3231 MUSIC, 3585 MUSTARD GAS, 2852, 2875 NARROW GAUGE RAILWAYS, 271? NATIONAL ARP COMMITTEE FOR ANIMALS, 2077 NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF LQCAL GOVERNMENT•OFFICERS, 3221, 3301*, 3309, 3323 "NATIONAL D. X. POWDER", 2738 NATIONAL FEDERATION OF BUILDING TRADES’ OPERATIVES, 2i*50, 3932 NATIONAL FEDERATION OF TENANTS.AND RESIDENTS’ ASSOCIATION, 1*131 NATIONAL MUSEUM (WELSH), 3217 NATIONAL OPTHALMIC TREATMENT BOARD,. 2007 NATIONAL PUBLIC SERVICE VEHICLE OPERATORS ASSOCIATION, 1*051* NATIONAL "SAFETY FIRST" ASSOCIATION, 2200, 2207 NATIONAL UNION OF COUNTY OFFICERS, l*0l*8 NATIONAL UNION OF MUNICIPAL AND GENERAL WORKERS OF SCOTLAND, 39l*3 NETHERLANDS, 3599 NETTING, 2903, 2908 — NEUROSIS, 2052, 2055, 3171*, 3107, 3193-91*, 3198 NEUTRAL AREAS, 2567, 263I* NEW CASTLE, 21*67, 3892 "NEW CRABTREE" SWITCH UNIT, 2111 NEW ENGLAND, 3208, 3385 NEWARK (N. J.), 2106-7 NEWPORT (ENG.), 361*3, 3958 NEW YORK CITY, 3381*, 3392, 3501 NEWSPAPER PROPRIETORS ASSOCIATION, 1*203 THE NEWSPAPER SOCIETY, 21*53 NEWSPAPERS* 1*11*3 NIGHT BLINDNESS, 3231*, 3587 NIGHT MOTORING, 1*007 NILTON, 1*235 NORFOLK (ENGLAND), 33l*l NOTTINGHAM, 281*6 NURSERIES, 21*16, 21*98 NURSING, 21*01, 21*11-13, 2933, 3086, 3092, 3112, 313U, 311*3, 311*6, 3150, 3151*, 3188, 31*1*3 NUTRITION, 2929, 3232-31* OBSCURATION SHUTTERS, 2305 OBSERVATION POSTS, 3071 OCCUPANCY TESTS (OF SHELTERS), 3901-03 OFFICE BUILDINGS, 31*76, 3995 OFFICE HOURS, 21*1*5 OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY, 2977 SUBJECT INDEX OIL, storage, 2761* OIL INDUSTRY, 3620 OKLAHOMA CITY, 2951* ONTARIO RESEARCH FOUNDATION, 36H OPERATING ROOMS, 3009, 3018, 1*022 OVERSEAS EVACUATION, 2591*-99 OXFORD (CITY), 2550 OXFORD AMBULANCES, 2058 PA I® TON, 3338 PAINT, 2126, 2135, 219U, 2321, 2329, 2350, 2?UO, 31*22-29 PAINT, FIREPROOF, 31*25 PALESTINE, 338O ' PPALFPOP," 14191 PANIC, 2219, 2227, 3081, 3189, 3197-98. PANTOCAIN, 3113 ‘ . PARENTS, 2385, 21*18-20 Paris, 2103, 272I*, 351*6, 3898 PARISH, THE, 3203 PARTIAL EVACUATION, 2576 PEARL HARBOR, 2105 . PEDESTRIANS (IN BLACKOUT), 2159, 2165, 2191, 2197, 2201*, 2208 PEDESTRIANS ASSOCIATION, 2191* PEDIATRICIANS, 2379, 31*18 PELVIC WOUNDS, 3134 PEOPLES’ DISPENSARY FOR SICK ANIMALS, 2078 PERSONNEL, 3009, 3069, 3177, 3251, 3293, 33l*3, 3368, 31*30-3518 training, 2807, 2826, 2879, 29U6, 3189, 3239, 3288, 3U69-3505 PESHAWAR, 2560 PHARIviACISTS, See DRUGGISTS - "PHILORA” SODIUM LIGHTING, 2136 , PHOSPHORESCENT PAINT, 3l*2!* PHOTOGRAPHY, 21*79, 2l*82 aerial, 23l*l* , PHYSIO-THERAPY, 2971* PIGEONS, 231*6, 285U PILL BOX SHELTERS, 3713, 3769, 3775 PIPES, 2905 PLASTERING, J*0l5 , PLASTICS, 21*2!*, 2901 PLAYS, 2392, 3176 • PLOWING . • . lighting regulations for, 20l*2 POLICE, 2726, 33U7, 3U97 POOLE, 3335 POPLAR DOCKS, 1*089 POPULATION, 21*31 PORT OF LONDON AUTHORITY, 1*091 . SUBJECT INDEX PORTABLE LIGHTS, 211*6-1*9, 2179 PORTABLE SHELTERS, 2286, 3711*, 38l5, 3929 PORTSMOUTH, 2550 PORTSMOUTH CITY MUSEUM, 3213 POSTERS, 3519 POWER STATIONS, 2292, 3523-21*, 3528 "PRESDWOOD", 2090 PRESUMPTION OF DEATH, 2366 PRICES, 1*126 PRINTING AND KINDRED TRADES FEDERATION, 21*53, 1*203 PRINTING TRADE, 2l*l*6 PRISONERS, 3238 PRIVATE SHELTERS, 37UU, 377k, 3796, 3891, 3899, 390l*-10, 3923-25 PROFITEERING, 3692 PSYCHOANALYSIS, 1*215 PSYCHOLOGY, 3175, 3185, 3200-01, 3210, 3886, 3961*, 1*215 PUBLIC ASSISTANCE, 2273, 2603 PUBLIC BATHS, 3370 PUBLIC HEALTH, See HEALTH PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICES CONGRESS, 2216 PUBLIC UTILITIES, 2096, 31*60, 3523-37, 3767, 1*162 PULMONARY EMBOLISM, 2926, 2936, 3856 PUMP’S, 2288, 2508, 2701*, 2709-10, 2731*, 271*0, 271*1*, 3809 PUSHCARTS, 2523 QUARANTINING, 2576 "QUISLINGISM", 3201 RADIO, 2751 RAILWAY TRAINS lighting, 2122, 212$, 2131, 1*105 RAILWAYS, 2272, 2351-52, 2717, 2886, 1*099-1*106 RAMSGATE, 367U RECEPTION AREAS, 2600-261*9 RECREATION, 3186, 3l*5l, 3885 RED ARMY, 2316 RED CROSS, 23914, 3381, 3383 REFUGEES, 31*59 REGA BUCKET PUMPS, 2701* RENT, 21*1*1*, 2631, 3068, 1*129, 1*131 REPAIR OF WAR DAMAGE, 1*169-1*199 RESCUE SQUADS, 3607-09 RESEARCH, 2278, 2293, 3610-12 RESORTS, 2550, 2581* RESPIRATORS, See GAS MASKS REST CENTERS, 3135, 381*5, 381*8 RHYTHMATIC CONTROL, 2518-19 RIVER WEIR COMMISSIONERS, 1*092 ROADS, 3062, 3520-22, 3676 ROOFED-IN STREETS, 3716 SUBJECT INDEX ROOFS, 3997, 4012 ROOMS, BOMB-SPLINTER PROOF, 2040 ROT-PROOFIMG, 2513 ROTTERDAM, 3599 ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, 3213 ROYAL COMMISSION ON THE GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE INDUSTRIAL POPULATION, 2431 ROYAL INSTITUTE OF BRITISH ARCHITECTS, 2298, 3226, 3261, ’3267, 3280, 3564, 3740, 3981-83 ROYAL SANITARY INSTITUTE, 2916 ROYAL SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION OF ACCIDENTS, 2190 RURAL SCHOOLS, 3638, 3642 SABOTAGE, 3053, 3613-23 ST. DUNSTAN* S HOSPITAL, 4200 ST. MARY’S HOSPITAL, 2982 ST. PAUL’S CATHEDRAL, 3556 ST. PETER’S HOSPITAL, 2982 ST. PANCRAS, 3360 1 ST. THOM’S MEDICAL SCHOOL, 2486 SALFORD, 3077, 3738, 4220 SALVAGE, 4125 of food, 2822 SANDBAGS, 3594, 3624-28 SANITATION, 3238 SANITATION IN SHELTERS, 3817, 3911-18 SCARBOROUGH HEALTH CONGRESS, 2922 SCHOOL ATTENDANCE, 2574 ' SCHOOLS, 2384, 3601, 3629-48, 3723, 3726, 3783, 3995 SCIENCE MUSEUM, 3213 SCOTLAND, 2306 SCOTTISH NATIONAL BUILDERS TRADE FEDERATION, 2450 SCOTTISH SPECIAL HOUSING ASSOCIATION, 2306 SEATS (IN SHELTERS), 3811 SEATTLE], WASHINGTON, 2098, 2104, 2108 "SEBELTOW" AMBULANCE TRAILER, 2069 SEDER, 3887 SELF-EVACUATION, 2540, 2569 SEMAPHORES (RWY), 2272 SERUM, 2788 • SEWAGE DISPOSAL, 3649-52, 3911-18 SEVERS, 2935 SEWERS AS SHELTERS, 3898 SHADES, See WINDOW SHADES SHEFFIELD, 2167, 2462, 2473, 3363 SHEFFIELD MUSEUM, 3228 SHELTER TONSILITIS, 3110 SHELTERS, 2259, 2269-70, 2286, 2472, 2685, 2711, 2909, 2924-26, 3003, 3009 3012, 3018, 3047, 3124, 3136, 3168, 3170, 3173, 3246, 3248, 3287-88 3292, 3304, 3319, 5322, 3343, 3386, 3643-46, 3653-3958, 3992, 4001, 4018, 4032 XX SUBJECT INDEX SHIPS, 2350 SHIPYARDS, 2120 SHOCK, TRAUMATIC, 308?, 313)4, 311*1*, 3161*, 1*202 SHOES, 21*17, 21*19-21 SHOP WINDOWS, -2122 ■ SHOPPING, 21*36, 2U5l SHOPS, 2l*51*, 3539 SHORES, STEEL, 1*020 SIGNS, 2109, 2130, 3959-61, U062 "SILENT APPROACH TECHNIQUE", 222? SINO—JAPANESE WAR, 2997 "SISALKRAFT", 211? SLABS, 2300 SLUM CLEARANCE, 3361* SMALLPOX, 3125 SMOKE control of emission, 316? SMOKE SCREENS, 2309 SNOW CLEARING, 2102 SNUFFERS (INCENDIARY BOMBS), 2253 SOCIAL PROBLEMS, 2650-65, 3962-66 SOCIAL WORKERS, 2l*0l*, 3965 SOLDIERS, 31*63 SODA, CHLORINATED, 1*235, 1*21*1 SODIUM LIGHTING, 2136 SORE THROAT, 3110 SOUTH SHIELDS, 3321 SOUTH WALES, 2391 SOUTHAMPTON, 3727 SOUTHAMPTON CIVIL CENTRE, 3212 SOUTHAMPTON DOCKS, 1*093 SOUTHERN RAILWAY COMPANY, 1*093 SPANISH CIVIL WAR, 2307, 2997 SPEED LIMIT, 2201, 2209 SPOTTERS, 2277, 21*1*2, 21*1*6, 3967-78 STARLIGHTING, 2l6l STATUS OF IRREMOVABILITY, 2603 STEEL, 2299, 2300, 1*002, 1*009 STEEL INDUSTRY, 3923 STEEL SHELTERS, 37l*3, 3792, 3919-29 STEREOSCOPE, 1*121* STIRLINGSHIRE, 3336-37 STIRRUP PUMPS, 2? 1*0 STOCKPORT, 391*1 3TOURTON, 2231 STRATFORD-ON-AVON,- 3576 STREET CARS , , lighting, 2163 STREET LIGHTING, 2150-6?, 2518, 33l*3, 3593 SUBJECT IUDEX STRETCHER PARTIES, 2776 STRETCHERS, 2793, 2805 STRONGHOLDS, 3773 STRUCTURAL DESIGN, 2217, 2290, 2295, 229®, 2Ó78-, 3979-U028 STUCCO, 4015 STUDENTS, 2711, 3574 SUBWAY TRAINS, 2121 SUBWAY TUNNELS, 4043, 4046 = SUBWAYS AS SHELTERS, 3.829, 3833, 3890 : SUN RADIATION, 2833 . ■ SUNDERLAND, 3634 * ‘ •. , , L SWANSEA, 3217 SWEDEN, 3381 SWITZERLAND, 3382-83 TANKS, 2946 TANKS, OIL, 2764 ' THE TATE GALLERY, 3228 TAXATION, 2697, 2699, 3048, 3068 TEACHERS, 2377, 2414, 2496, 2504, 2527, 2581, 2617, 2621, 2639, 3637 TEL-AVIV, 3380 TELEPHONE SERVICE, 2477 TENT HOSPITALS, 2957 TETANUS, 2932, 3134 THANK OFFERINGS, 3591 THEATERS, 3597 .TIMBER, 4027 TIMBER, FIRE RETARDENT, 2217, 2757 TONSILITIS, 3110 ' TORQUAY, 3338 ' • TOURNIQUET, 2777 TOM PLANNING, 5538, 5540, 3545, 4029-32 "TRAFFABLAK” LIGHTING, 2133 TRAFFIC, 3254, 3343, 4041 in blackout, 2189-2210, 3254, 4061, 4066, 4069-70. TRAFFIC SIGNALS, 2109, 2130, 4066 ' * TRAILER AMBULANCES, See AMBULANCES, TRAILER TRAILER CANTEENS, 2456 TRAILER PUMPS, 2709, 2744 TRAINS, See RAILWAY TRAINS TRAM CARS, See STREET CARS TRANSPORT AND GENERAL WORKERS UNION,. 4053 TRANSPORTATION, 3178, 3710, 4033-4106 TRENCH COVERS, 2511 TRENCH SHELTERS, 2259, 2263, 2269-70, 3718, 3932-36, 3991 TROON HARBOUR, 4090 TRUSSES, 2300, 3997 TUBE TRAINS, See SUBWAY TRAINS TUBERCULOUS, 3107, 3853, 3862 XXII SUBJECT IMEX TUNNEL SHELTERS, 2259, 3937-44 TYNE IMPROVEMENT COMMISSION, 4094 ULTRA-VIOLET LIGHTS, 2125, 2136, 2162 UNIFORMS, MILITARY, 2347 UNIVERSITIES, 2711, 2977 UNIVERSITY OF LONDON, 2499 UNOCCUPIED PROPERTY, 3051, 3054 VAULTS, 2300 VEHICLE LIGHTS, 2168-80 VEHICLES, 3062, 5959 VEHICLES, COMMERCIAL, 2275 VENEREAL DISEASE, 2925' VENTILATION (BLACKOUT), 2182, 2211-2214, 2676, 2899 VENTILATION (OF SHELTERS), 3009, 3945-55 VERMIN, 2605 VISIBLE INDEX-TRAYS, 2765 • VITAMIN A, 3234 • , VÖLKISCHER BEOBACHTER, 3204 VOLUNTEERS, 2807, 3015, 3506-3518 WAGES, 2698, 3596 WAKEFIELD, 3369' WALLS, OPEN BREAKS IN, 4013 WALSHALL, 3341 WANDWORTH, 3745 • WAR DAMAGE, 3980, 4107-4134 WAR DAMAGE (INSURANCE), 3710 WAR NEUROSIS, See NEUROSIS WAREHOUSES, 3995 ‘ ” ' * • ' , WARNING SIGNALS, 3593, 4229-34 WARWICKSHIRE, 2491 - WATER SUPPLY, 2242, 2283, 2604, 2705-06, 2909, 2935, 2942, 2997, 3397, . 4235 WATERPROOFING OF SHELTERS, 3956-53 WEATHER-PROOF SHUTTERING, 2143 WEAVER NAVIGATION TRUSTEES, 4095 WELDING, ELECTRIC, 2089 WELFARE CENTERS, 4213-19 WELFARE'SERVICES, 2656-58, 3517, 4218-19 WES BECE, 3351 ~ , .. . WHITEWASH, 2135 WIGAN, 3370 ' WILLS, 2478, 2481 WINDMILL THEATRE, 3597 WINDOW BLINDS (BLACKOUT), 2117 WINDOW SHADES (BLACKOUT), 2112 WINDOWLESS FACTORIES, 2678 SUBJECT INDEX WINDOWS, 2896, 2907-08 WINDOWS (OF SHELTERS), 3303 WIRE, 2388 WIRELESS, See RADIO WOMEN, 3838-36, 3887, 3857, 3868, 3891, 3516-18, 3572, 3593 WOMEN1 S CLUBS, 3517 ' WOMEN1S VOLUNTARY SERVICES, 2817, 2866, 35l8 WOOD, 2217, 3683 WOOD, "FIRE PROOF", See TIMBER, FIRE RETARDENT WORCESTERSHIRE, 2703 WORLD WAR, 2307 WOUNDS, TREATMENT OF, 2778, 2777, 2803, 2808 "XPELIAR" EXHAUST FAN, 2213 X-RAY, 2775, 3135 Y. M. C. A., 3551+ YOUTH, 3179, 3251, 3889, 3962 YPERITE, See MUSTARD GAS AUTHOR INDEX XXV Abramov, 3793 Allison, George F., Ii2l5 Anderson, H. W,, 3;36U Apakov, 3071 Aron, R. F., 2333 Arkmal, A,, 267.9 Bastista, J, W., 2525 Bayley, Hugh Wansey, 3256 Belknap, B. S., 3392 Bergendorff, Fr-,, 2858 Bernal, J. D., 2223 Berry, R. F., 3618 Bird, Eric, 8.019 Blaikley, Ernest, 3216, 3229 Blake, J. J., 2297 Blank, David, 2185 Body, Alfred Karris, 2o5l Boulton, E. H. B., 3827, U02Ö Box, E. G., 3609 Brady, Philip G., 2881 Brook, Vernon, 2068 Brown, M. A., 8213 Burche, E., 2332, 2338-35, 2338-39 Butler, R. Cotterell, 2302, 3733 Calder, Ritchie, 2762, 3555, 3721 Campbell, Malcolm, 3712 Castle, Sydney E., 2289, 2891, 3980, 8109 Charlton, L. E, 0., 3606 Chermayeff, Serge, 3686 Chichester, Francis, 2277 Chistov, 8085 Clerke, Robert, 3873 Coleman, L. E., 2789 Comerford, J, J,, 2706 Cott, Hugh B., 2322 Cowell, E. M., 2221, 3082-83, 3138, 3183, 3168 Craig, A, B., 278.2 Craig, D. H., 2086 Craske, C. W., 378-8 Crome, L., 2359 Danielli, J. F., 2269 Davey, Norman, U0l6 Didenko, A., 2310, 2318 Dobrotvorski, B. N., 2869 AUTHOR INDEX Egorova, 0. G., 3815 Elliott, Harriet, 3393 Ellis, E. H., 5015 Erdman, Addison, 2957 Evdokimov, D., 2311 Falin, la., 3515 Falkovsky, N. I., I4.2UO Ferris, D. W., 3566 Fisher, R. E. W. 2359 Fitzmaurice, R., 2300 Foster, Thomas, 2291, 3275, 3757, 3913 Fuller, J. F. C. 2225 Fuqua, 0., 2307 Gale, Stanley, 2195 Gardner, William F. 3951 Gar forth, W., 5001 Garovnikov, V. I., 2515, 3815 Gatward, M. W., 22U5 Gezburg, I., 3505 Gibbard, Frederick, I4OO6 Gibbon, C., 3955 Glassraan, Don, Glover, C. W., 5020 Glover, J. Alison, 2919 Golovanov, S. K., 2553 Goodwin, William, 3873 Grachev, P,, 3553 Grainger, John, 3231 Griffin, Jonathan, 3301, I4.OI4O Gumilevsky, la., 5102 Gur'ianov, E., 2829, 2865 Haldane, J. B. S,, 3700 Hammer, Norman, 3283 Hanslian, Dr. R,, 2855 Hill, V. J., 3617 Hill, W. P. T., 2350 Hodson, James Lansdale, 3595 Holgate, H. C. F., 3578 Horder, 3702 Hoyt, Kendall 5., 3508 Hyde, H. B., 3979 Hyde, Harford Montgomery, 3257 lonin, 2685 AUTHOR INDEX Jackson, S. 3,, 3836 Jordon, Harry, 1*239 Kalmykov, A., 3977 Kendall, James, 28U3 Khomenko, I., 2228 Kieffens, E, M* Van, 3599 Kipnis, A. B., 3Ul8 Knox, Collie, 3572 Kolosov, N,, 3500 Kuhn, Karl F., 32lU Kur’Ianov, V,, 2315, 23I4.9 Kuznetsov, M. N,, 2272 Langdon-Brown, Walter, 3701 Langdon-Davies, John, 2227 Larin, 3U17 Layton, T. B,, 3110 Ledfords, G, R., 3125 Levin, 3U57 Levitan, V., 2329 Levitin, I., 2350 Lewin, Joseph D,, 3719 Lewis, Lorna, 2U71 Lewis, M. A,, 3577 Lindsay, Kenneth, U221 Little, E« G., 396U Liubimov, A., 2886 Lucas, Edgar, 2220, 2303-05, 372ii, 3760, 388U, 3990, U026 Lueth, Harold C., 3127 Lyons, John Gordon, 3588 Mackenzie, E, F. W,, U235j I4.238 MacKintosh, J, M,, 2792 Macmillan, Norman, 328I4 Malevsky, A,, 2312 Malinin, N. F., 2823, 3791, 3950 Maltby, H. J. M., 3077 Mathews, D. N., 3156 Mathews, Erne st, 3786 Mayer-Daxlander, H., 3288 McGeach, Mary Craig, 3UU7 McKerchar, D, H., 1*125 McNab, W. B., U177 Medicus, M* P. 2 11, 3313 Metz, Ludwig, 2757 Milovidov, A. S., 3955 Mitchell, John, 3^00 AUTHOR INDEX Mitebener, P. H., 2221, 3082-83, 313U, 31U3, 316U Morrison, C. B., 3592 Motylev, B., 2835 Mozulev, 3718 Mukhin, 3UH Murphy, Mary E., 2592 Nagiba, I, I., 2337 Nekrasov, 3950 Newstatter, W, Lindsey, 2395 Nutall, R. F., 3979 Nuttall, G. R. F., 3257 0sinin, 3U13 Owen, A. D., Oznobishchev, V., 31+98 Ozoling, I., 2351 Panter-Doimes, Mollie, 3576 Parkuiano, N •, 22h2 Popov, G. M., 3009, 301U, 3^10 Price, Don K,, 33h3 Prozorov, A,, 3^21 Puech, G., 2882 Pulham, C. J., 353U Radevich, P., 2230 Ra in ey- Edwards, W,, 2 61; 9 Rickman, John, 3132, 3197 Roberts, C. A. W,, 300? Robson, William A., 1|030 Rodgenko, Peter, 23Ul Rogers, N. H., 2hhS, 3558 Rudenko, V. M., 3501 Ruppert, Fred, 3537 Scheglov, D., 2332 Scott, Thomas E., 3982 Semenov, V., 2833 Shepherd, H., 3885 Shevalgin, 3519 Simey, Thomas S., 3058 Shirlaw, G. B., 2368 Shmerkovich, M., 2075, 2080 Shoponberg, G., ł|10ó Shumikhin, 3520, 3599 Shustov, A., 5098 Skliar, L., 2311, 2315, 2331 Skul’ski, 2832 XXIX AUTHOR INDEk Slee, John, 3516 Soikonen, A., 3813 Solovei, A., 2276 Solov'ev, N., 2523 Spaight, J. M., 3570, 3687 Stewart, John, 2912 Stollard, H. 3., 3113 Strachey, Amy, 2650 Strachey, John, 2267 Strekalov, D., 2863, 3516, 3558, 3515 Sundquist, James L., 3353 Teplov, B., 2353, 2355 Tetradza, G., 3505 Tkachev, A., 3517, 3502 Trabue, Ferdinand, 2855 Tramm, B., 3515, 3596 Trueta, J., 2802, 3159 Trunin, 38OU Tsvetkov, A., 2353 Twelvetrees, Richard, 2063 Ust'iantsev, 3503 Vanuishkin, N. Z., 232?, 2800, 2673 Vasil'ev, I. A., 3551 Vasiukov, 3975 Vettier, Georges, 2820 Vieser, Wilhelm, 3999 Vinogradov, A., 2577 Vol'fson, Z. G., 2I4O7 Vorob'ev, 2576, 3595, 3960 Vorob’ev-Moskvin, N., 2335 Voronin, A., 2232, 2253, 2258 Walters, Ronald, 3Ö3U Watson, H. D., 23914- West, John A., 3589 Weymouth, Anthony, 3860 Whitaker, E. C., 391+1 Williams, Mary L., 3058 Wilson, A. E., 2330 Wilson, H., 2657 Wood, W. H., 3535 Woodward, C. H., 3391 Woon, Basil, 3571 Zaitsev, S., 5237 Zalutskii, G., 3512 Zatonski, M., 2313 Zengin, M.E., 2328 Zhukov, A. I,, 3652 Zhuravlev, N., 2352 1 ADMINISTRATION, See ORGANIZATION AGED 2039* In shelter for four months, never out NEWS CHRONICLE (London) ' 1941, March 5, No, 29587, p. 5 Statement by Lord Horder that many aged persons are living in public shelters in preference to going home, and that most of them never leave the inside of the shelter (DLC) 2040, Regent housing schemes THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, January 20, Vol. 48, No, 2399, p. 156 When approving plans for the construction of 50 houses for aged persons, inquiry is made as to whether one room should be bomb-splinter proof, (DLC) AGRICULTURE 2041. Milking in the blackout THE OBSERVERTLondon) 1940, October 27, No. 7796, 149th year, p. 10 "The task of groping toward an invisible cow and guiding the milk to an invisible bucket," The lantern and its dangers in roughly constructed farm buildings, (DLC) 2042. Plowing by night THE OBSERVER (London) 1940, March 10, No, 7763, p, 8 Lighting regulations for night plowing. Prerequisites for two pounds an acre subsidy, (DLC) 2043* Preservation of the countryside SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL (London) 1940, August 17, Vol. 84, p. 4SI Activities of the Council for the Preservation of Rural England: protection of agricultural resources, improvement of social environment of rural population, retention of rec- reational facilities, prevention of pollution of rivers, lakes and streams, (DLC) 2 AIR RAIDS - MENTAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS 2044, Air raids and mental hygiene WE MEDICAL OFFICER (London}' 1941, April 26, Vol. 65, No*,17, pp. 137-138 An element of neurosis present in air raid casualties; analysis of contributing factors. Psychological considera- tion of fear and anxiety in response to air raids. Recog- nizing and handling mental distress; the warning signs; organizing professional "families", for the early detection of cases, Haintaining mental health through spiritual forces, noble traditions, confidence in leadership. The importance of having a definite job,(DSG) 2045. Bomb concussion and the ear THE LANCET (London) 1940, June 15, Vol. CCXXXVIII, Noi 6094, p. 1105 Three kinds of damage to the ears by explosions, apart from the actual fracture of the skull, are stressed. An explana- tion of the cause of each kind is given, also proper means of protection for the ears against "blast suction" and single explosion,(DLC) 2046. Conmoncion nerviosa por explosion de proyectiles (Nervous disorders caused by the explosion of projectiles) REVISTA DE LA SANIDAD MILITÄR (Buenos Aires) 1941, Larch, 40th yr,, No, 3, pp, 149-153, continued in 1941, April, 40th yr,. No, 4, pp, 250-255 The nature of nervous disorders due to high explosives. The physical effects of these explosions. How the affected re- act (1) at the time struck, (2) in the ambulance, (3) at the hospital. Symptoms of disorder accompanying explosions. Treatments to be given according to the stage of develop- ment, (DSG) 2047, Eye injuries in air raids 3R IT ISH JOHRNAL W~OPTHAMOLOGY (London) 1941, April, Vol, 25, No, 4, pp, 170-180 (DSG) 3 AIR RAIDS - MENTAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS 201*8. Injury to tympanic membrane caused by explosion Craig, D. H. WAR MEDICINE (Chicago) 19Ul> March, Vol. 1, No-. 2.» p. 238 A review of effects to be expected upon the hearing of populations subjected, to great explosions during air raids. Suggests preventive measure's and treatment. (DEC) 20li9* Kinderpsychiatrische beobachtungen während des Kriegs in Finland (Psychiatric observations of children during t hep war in Finland ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR KINDERPSYCKIATRIE (Basel), 19Ul, March, Vol. 7. No. 6. pp. 177-187 The psychological reaction of children during the evacuation; hysterical developments due to air raid alarms; the trauma which may develop from aerial bombardments; possible mental impressions produced in minds of children due to the war.(DSC) 2050, Massnahmen vor während und nach flugzeugangriffen(mit Brisanz- 'Sprengbomben, Brandbomben, giftstoffbomben) auf die Zivilbevöl- kerung " • (Measures to be taken by the civil population before, during and after an air raid with high explosive, splinter bombs, incendi- ary bombs and gas bombs) SCHWEIZERISCHE MEDIZINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT (Basel) 1935, April 6, Vol. 65, No. lU, pp. 319-326 The physical and psychological effects of high explosive splinter bombs. The rapidity with which the incendiary bombs start fires. Characteristics and effects of poison gas bombs. Organization and rigid discipline necessary for the civil population during a heavy aerial attack. Advance arrangements for first aid stations and personnel. Lighting regulations. (DSC) 205)1. Medical aseects of dive bombing St. THOMAS' HOSPTfAL~GAZETTE (London) 19U0, July, Vol. 38, p. 110 The shrieking noise of bombers plays an important part in producing fear. This analysis of the noise shows "(1) that it is crescendo, giving the impression of something coming at one; (2) that it hurts one's ears, meaning that there are some notes in it which are on the edge of one's range 4 AIR RAIDS - MENTAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS of hearing and producing an effect like that of a pencil squeaking and (3) that it lingers in the memory, so that one hears it for a long while after it has ceased." (DIC) 2052. Psychiatric casualties in London BRITISH MEDICAL JOURMlTLondon) 1940, October 26, Vol. 2, pp. 553-555 The manner in which fear of air raids causes mental illness. Effects of evacuation on "war neurotic" people. Problem of distinguishing between a "war neurotic" and a "peace time neurotic." (DSG) 2053* Psychological treatment after air raids THE LANCET (London) 1940, March 30, Vol, CCXXXVIII, No. 6083, p. 620 Should psychological treatment be included in the services provided by medical practitioners for air raid casualities? (DLC) 2054« Some preliminary notes on mental health work for air raid victims MENTAL HEALTH (London) 1941, January, Vol. II, No, 1, pp, 1-7 Notes taken from the case histories and medical experiences of air raid victims, recording the effects of bombing on mental health. Rest and billeting as cure and preventives for mental disturbances due to bombings. (DSG) 2055* Treatment of neuroses in air raid THE LANCETTLondon) 1939, December 23, Vol. 237, No. 6069, p. 1344 Cases of simple fright and mild neuroses need sympathetic but firm handling, opportunity for temporary rest, with or without sedative drugs. More severe cases referred by officer in charge of the aid post to a casualty hospital, (DLC) 5 AMBULANCES 2056. An adaptable ambulance THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, December 8, Vol,- 48, No, 2445, P« 2475, illus. Four stretcher cases or six sitting cases provided for in the "Four-Six Utility" ambulance made by Greenwood and Iperen, Ltd. As an alternative it can also accommodate two stretchers on one side and three seated patients on the other (DLC) 2057. Adaptation of vehicles for ARP purposes THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London! 1939, June 16, *Vol, 48, No. 2420, p. 1349 Summary of a statement by the Minister of Transport on government plans to convert public service vehicles and trucks into ambulances (DLC) 2058. Air-speed ambulances THE OBSERVER (London) 1940, July 28, No. 7783, p. 8 Presentation of two air-speed Oxford Ambulances fully equipped for two stretchers and two sitting patients. (DLC) 2059. All steel ambulance for ARP work MOTOR TRANSPORT (London) 1940, April 6, Vol. 70, p. 13, illus. An anti-gas ARP ambulance. The makers claim that it is very strong and rigid, impervious to bad weather, and easily decontaminated after a gas attack. Made by H, J. Mulliner and Co.f Ltd., London (DLC) 2060. Ambulance service in air raids THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAilTondon)' 1939, January 20, Vol. 48, No. 2392, p. 123 The ambulances required by the ARP are of two kinds, a large one carrying stretchers and a small vehicle for picking up casualties in the street. (DLC) 6 AMBULANCES 2061, ARP emergency transport organization THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1939, July 13, Vol, LXXXVT, No. 2741, p. 47 All vans and privately owned cars examined and listed to be used for the conveyance of sitting casualties, to augment the number of improvised ambulances. Garages near first aid posts were selected for the ambulances. Volunteer drivers to be trained by ambulance officer,(DLC) 2062, ARP transport vehicle service "THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 31, Vol. 48, No. 2409, pp. 741-742 The performance of the Morris-Commercial De Luxe Ambulance confirms the ”all around performance” claimed by the manufac- turer, (DLC) 2063, ARP transport vehicles in service; the Bonallack-Chevrolet dual purpose ambulance Twelvetrees, Richard THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, May 12, Vol. 48, No. 2415, p, 1065, illus. The vehicle described can accommodate four stretchers, or can be used for carrying goods and equipment,(DLC) 2064, Distribution of air raid casualties BRITISH MEDICAL JÖÜRŃAl“(London) 1941, April 5, Vol. 1, No. 4187, pp. 518-519 Problems of ambulances transporting casualties to hospitals in a blackout. The need for a control center to supervise ambulances. Methods and hazards involved in re-routing. Provisions for alternate hospital service,(DSG) 2065. Emergency ambulance service THE LAÜCET (London) " 1939, June 17, Vol. 236, No. 6042, p. 1414 Of the 151 scheme-making authorities under the Air Raid Precautions Act, 100 have now submitted to the Minister of Health their proposals for an emergency ambulance service to pick up casualties other than walking wounded and take them to hospitals or depots,(DLC) 7 AMBULANCES 2066, A handy ambulance trailer The MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, November 17, Vol, 48, No, 2442, p, 2380, illus. The Eccles ambulance trailer will help speed up removal of casualties to first aid pests, enabling ARP workers to utilize private cars.(DLC) 2067, London ambulance service; organization to meet wartime conditions THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London)" " 1939, October 13, Vol. 48, No. 2437, p. 2205 Covers administrative organization, summoning system, improve- ment of stations, training of drivers, etc,(DLC) 2068. Merits of the trailer ambulance Brook, Vernon THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, December 29, Vol, 48, No, 2448, p, 2544 The trailer ambulance is far more comfortable than a commer- cial van ambulance, and has many other advantages over the latter,(DLC) 2069, The new ambulance and utility trailer for ARP work THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) “ 1939, April 21, Vol. 48, No. 2412, p, 899 The "Sebeltow" ambulance trailer, produced by Sebel and Co,, of London, can be towed behind a small car or truck not large enough to accommodate even one stretcher, although four regulation size stretchers are supported in the trailer,(DLC) 2070* New ambulance trailer THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, October 13, Vol. 48, No. 2437, p. 2186 The Garner-Straussler four-wheeled‘ambulance trailer. Its best features are said to be its economy, light weight, and mobility. Garner Mobile Equipment, Ltd., are the makers.(DLC) 8 AMBULANCES 2071. Types of trailer ambulances; outstanding features of some of the leading designsT THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, December 29, Vol. U8, No. 2UU8, p. 25U8. Describes briefly some of the leading types of trailer ambulances available for purchase by local authorities in England, (DLC) 2072. Why Leicester favors trailer ambulances THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London] 1939, December 29, Vol. U8, No. 2UUS, p. 2$h7, illus. Lists disadvantages in the use of commercial trucks as ARP ambulances; advantages of trailer ambulances. (DLC) ANDERSON SHELTERS, see SHELTERS, STEEL AND IRON ANIMALS 2073. ARP and humane animal destruction THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL TLoridonT 1939, July 1U, Vol. US, No. 2h2k, p. 1626 The "Cash" pistol is recommended as particularly appropriate during the present ARP activities and as eminently suitable for the humane destruction of domestic animals. It is perfectly safe for both user and onlookers. (DLC) 2.07h. Horses in air raids MODERN TRANSPORT ’(London) 19U0, October, Vol. XLIV, No. 1,127, p. 1. . Mr. Herbert Morrison of the Ministry of Home Security has issued a statement making mandatory the tethering of horses during air raids. Because of fright at the time of air raids, horses have run away and caused damage and injury, (DLC) 9 ANIMALS 2075. Rabota punkta veterinarnoi pornoshchi (Work of a first-aid veter- inary station) Shmerkovich, M. VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1934, No. 1, pp. 50-52 The author presents a step-by-step procedure of work in a first aid veterinary station,(DLC) 2076. Refuge for dogs THE OBSERVER (London) 1940,‘September 8, No. 7789, p. 10 Kensington Gardens selected as’first refuge for dogs,(DLC) 2077. Sheltering air-bombed Britain’s animals THE CHRISTIAN SCIENCE MONITOR (Boston) 1941, March 29, p, 4 The National ARP Committee for Animals has evolved a scheme which includes rescue squads, "wardens", who look for animals shut up or left behind, ambulances and a temporary rest center, (DLC) 2078. This small terrier THE SKETCH Tlondon) 1941, January 15, Vol. CXCII1, No, 2503, p. 84 The rescue squad of the Peoples’ Dispensary for Sick Animals has rescued some 47,000 pets.(DLC) 2079. Tierluftschutzanlagen in meiner praxis (Arrangement for air-raid defense of animals in my practice as veterinarian) ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR VETERINÄRKUNDE (Berlin) 1935, April, Vol, 47, pp. 117-125 Construction of protective shelters. Provisions for food supply; urgent immediate aid during gas attacks; animals adaptability to underground shelters; general care of animals in shelters; first aid activities in the shelter areas,(DSG) 2080. Veterinarnye komandy PVO i poriadok ikh obucheniia (Veterinary sections of ARP and method of training) Shmerkovich, M. VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1931, No. 2, pp. 23-24 The importance of selecting the proper personnel and the method of training and curriculum are discussed,(DLC) 10 BARRAGE BALLOONS 2081, Balloons for cities . • NEWSWEEK TWew York)' ■ ,'r 1941, February 24> Vol, 17, Wo, 8, p, 38 U,S. Army Considers use of balloon barrages, similar to those of London, for American cities,(DLC) , BIBLIOGRAPHY 2082, Structural ai r raid precautions In RoyaTTnstituEe ox British Architects, Journal, (London) . 1939, May 22, Vol. 46, No. 14, p.- 730 (DLC) BILLETING, See EVACUATION - RECEPTION AREAS - BILLETING BLACKOUT 2083. ARP lighting, glare and camouflage THE BeCkETAKI ’tCamB’ridge, England)’ 1939, duly, Vol, XXXVI, Wo, 7, p, 699 "There is a general obligation on the occupiers, of all factory premises and on the owners of all mines, and on persons carry- ing on any public utility undertaking, of whatever size and wherever situated, to make preparations to obscure their light- ing in the event of war*" It is required that all flame or glare-producing industrial enterprises, such as coke ovens and blast furnaces be screened. It is paramount that all illumination be kept in as much obscurity as possible during air raid a,nd blackout, (DLC) 2084. Averting blackout dangers in Holland - THIT 'ILEUS'im™UON WEWS“(London J 1941, inarch, Vol, 198, Wo. 5318, p. 386, illus. Barriers are being built in Holland by .the side of canals to prevent pedestrians fron falling in during the black-out and during R,A,F, raids on German held air-fields,(DLC) 11 BLACKOUT 2085. Blackout JUSTICEOF THE PEACE (London) 1939, September 23, Vol. 103, No. 38, p. 62U Disputes have arisen as to what does or does not con- stitute a reasonable shutting out of light from windows. The Government seems to have contemplated that the main necessity was to eliminate shafts of light and not to make the blackout so complete that it is impossible to tell that a light is being used. Assurance should be made that no vestige of light can be seen at street level, but the point to remember is that it is what can be seen from the air which counts. (DLC) 2086. Blacking out TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, September 16, No. 1272, p. h Some difficulties the blackout imposes on everyday living. (DLC) 2087. Blackout and bright eyes JUSTICE OF THE PEACE~lLondon) 19U0, February 2lj., Vol. 10lp, p, 100 Notes publication of pamphlet "The Blackout and Eye-Strain", by the National Opthalmic Treatment Board. (BLC) 2088. Blackouts THE MILITARY ENGINEER (Washington, C.C.) 19U1, May-June, Vol, 33, No. 189, pp. 177-181, illus. Blackout is the reduction or extinction of all forms of night lighting and glare that might assist an enemy bomber to locate and identify his target, and is one of the most important phases of civilian defense. No blackout, however perfect, can on cloudless or moonlight nights conceal the presence of great cities and industrial centers, especially those situated near rivers, seacoasts, lakes, or other large bodies of water. 2089. Electric welding in the blackout THE WELDING 19Ul, February, Vol. IX, No. 1, p. 19, illus. The object here is to try to assist the executives of those 12 BUCKOUT engineering firms which have not yet obtained a satisfactory means of blacking out the flash from the electric arc in the welding process. The difficulties attendant upon carrying on production in the welding industry during the blackout and air raids are analyzed, and suggestions made for their elimination, (DLC) 2090, For your .ARP organization BUSINESS (London) 1939, September 29, Vol. LXIX, No. 9, p. 52 "In dealing with blackout, the obscuration of light is not a difficult problem on the ordinary window." "Any material which light cannot penetrate is effective but double pre- caution should be taken to protect the glass against blast," Window protection should be from the outside. Material re- quired must be weather proof and must not buckle or lose its shape; otherwise light will be let through, "Standard Presd- wood" fulfills all these conditions. (DLC) 2091. More light vs blackouts ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING (Baltimore, Md) 1941, July, Vol, XXXVI, No, 7, p. 720 At a Traffic Engineering Conference held at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, it was found that blackout-lighting (which makes invisible from the air the movements of auto and pedestrain) could be arranged, if necessary, by the government, thus aiding night traffic and avoiding the enormous traffic casualties experienced by Great Britain during its early war days. (DLC) 2092. New ideas THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1940, March 22, Vol, 126, No, 3266, p. 378 The value and necessity of color lighting as a means of lessen- ing, if not eliminating, war risk by obscuring what might be a target. Blue colored windows may be installed which seem to provide sufficient light during the day, even dispensing with any artificial lighting, while work at night is conducted by orange color lighting (light covered by orange screen is used). This use of color, as observed from the outside, seems to pro- duce a perfect blackout;- the blue colored window prevents the orange color lighting on the inside from penetrating through the windows, thus giving added insurance to the workers. (DLC) 13 BLACKOUT 2093* Psychological effects of the blackout THE SCIENTIFIC WORKER (London) 1940, June, Vol. 12, No. 6, p. 47. "The’ psychological effects of the present blackout conditions are closely connected with their physiological action on the mechanism" of vision. It is very easy to mistake shadows for objects, or vice versa. Normal perception of distance, and recognition of objects, is largely a matter of "interpreting" scanty clues. (DLC) 2094. Seeing in the dark THE LANCETlTondon) 1939, September 23, Vol. 237, No. 6056, p. 702 People are more aware of the sensitivity of the retina since blackout is in effect. (DLC) 2095. Sidelights of the war NEWSWEEK (N ew York) 1941, January 27, Vol. XVII, No. 4, p. 28 Experiments to determine just how much blackout violations might help R.A.F, bombers over Germany. (DLC) 2096. The utility1s job in a practice blackout ELECTRICAL NEWS AND ENGINEERING (Canada) 1941, July, Vol. 50, No. 31, p. 21. (DLC) 2097. Wartime building technique - blackout as it should be THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1941, March 28, Vol. CXXVIII, No. 3319, p. 349 Hasty and inefficient methods of blackout are described. The importance of economy is stressed. The failures cited prove that careful consideration is necessary in choosing materials and methods. Various new designs and methods are suggested by different companies. A small factory in which the light obscuration problems are; factory roof lights, office windows doorways. The problem of providing protection against flying glass must be considered at the same time. (DLC) 14 BLACKOUT - CITIES 2098. ARP in U.S.A; civilian air raid preparations begun on both coasts of the Nation NEWSWEEK (New York) 1941, March 17, Vol. 28, No. 11, p. 36. A fifteen minute blackout test made in Seattle, Washington. Sirens and factory whistles screamed while army and navy planes droned overhead photographing the results. In New York City the fire department revealed an $18,000,000 air-raid protection plan worked out from the experience of three of its members in London. (DLC) 2099. Berlin1s transport difficulties THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1941, April 26, Vol. LXXXIX, No. 2856, p. 175 Transport difficulties in Berlin are mounting due to R.A.F, raids. Blackouts cause busses to creep along and take passen- gers far out of their way, in many instances. Competitive bid- ding for taxicab service at such times often prevails and long halts result when passengers rush to cover. (DLC) 2100. Blackout HAWAII (Honolulu) 1941, April 20, Vol. 2, No. 8, p. 7 Honolulu, having had two blackouts, is preparing for the third. The two previous blackouts have been successful and it is ex- pected that the third will be almost perfect. Volunteer first aid practice by volunteer men and women taking first aid courses has been incorporated as a new feature. (DLC) 2101. Blackout in Bournemouth THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1939, October 12, Vol. LXXXVI, No. 2757, p. 200 An account of a blackout in Bournemouth, "Vehicle windows have had to be shaded with dark blue paint. All lamps, with exception of one in each saloon, have been amber dipped. All vehicles removed one hour after sunset." (DEC) 15 BLACKOUT - CITIES 2102. Cities snow clearing troubles THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL" (London) 1941, March 14, Vol* 49, No. 2511, p. 327 Discussion of the difficult circumstances caused by a heavy snow. Blackout is a handicap because snow cannot be cleared away at night. Additional assistance of men and transport from the daytime staff is practically unobtainable. (DLC) 2103. The future of the blackout THE OBSERVER (London) 1940, January 28, No. 7757, p. 14 The difference in blackout practices in London, Paris and Berlin. Advantages of masked lights on motor cars. The difficulties encountered in blacked out London. (DLC) 2104. How Seattle organized its successful test blackout WESTERN CITY (Los Angeles) 1941, April, Vol. XVII, No. 4, p. 15 For many reasons, a test blackout was considered one of the best ways to test the effectiveness of Seattle’s Horae Defense Committee. Offers from organizations and civic groups poured in in answer to a call for volunteers for this effort. These organizations and groups discharged duties such as patrol- ling the city during blackout, regulating traffic, setting up emergency first aid stations, seeing that all lights except traffic were extinguished, furnishing emergency telephone ser vice, planning warning signal, and many others, (DLC) 2105 Navy HAWAII (Honolulu) 1941, April 20, Vol. 2, No. 8, p. 7 Blackout practice is not new to the citizens of Pearl Harbor, and the Navy will continue to co-operate with the Amy in this practice. In time of war the conducting of blackouts is a civilian responsibility, and it is necessary for the civilian population to make this practice a success. (DLC) 2106. Newark blackout TRANSIT JOURNAL (New York) 1941, June, Vol. 85, No. 6, p. 192 The Newark blackout, May 26, the third and most elaborate 16 BLACKOUT - CITIES experiment in a major city in the U.S., offered an example of how transit agencies can function effectively in this type of defense test. Efficient advance planning was the real reason for the success of the experiment, (DLC) 2107. Newark stages big blackout LIFE (Chicago) 1941, June 9, Vol. 10, No. 23, p. 41 428,000 Jerseyites turn out lights in East’s first air raid rehearsal. To enforce its blackout, Newark mustered 1,900 volunteer wardens, 1,700 women assistants and 1,300 police. No traffic accidents, holdups or disorderly conduct occurred during the blackout which was-said to be "almost as good as London’s." (DLC) 2108. Seattle blackout HAWAII (Honolulu) 1941, March 29, Vol. 2, No. 6, p. 8 For the first time in America’s peace time history, Seattle with a population of was entirely blacked out be- cause of a mock enemy plane invasion. During this blackout the Bolling Aircraft Plant and the Todd Seattle shipyards, important military objectives, continued their lights. (DLC) BLACKOUT - EQUIPMENT 2109. ARP roadside instructions HIGHWAYS AND BRIDGES (London) 1939, June 21, Vol. VI, No. 259, p. 1 For blackout purposes, masks of blackened sheet-metal to be utilized in order to obscure traffic signals. Other signs, like MNo entry," "One-way street" etc., dimmed and screened to the point of invisibility at a distance of 250 feet from the air. (DPR) 2110. Blackout indicator lights THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1941, February 1, Vol. LXXXIX, No. 2841, p. 44 A scheme for fixing indicator lights on bus stop standards 17 BLACKOUT - EQUIPMENT during blackout was rejected by the Ministry of Home Security. The Hull Corporation, which suggested this scheme, has asked that the streets where the lights have been installed be inspected by a representative of the ministry. (DLC) 2111. Blackout switch - protection against light leakage THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER”(London) 1939, October 6, Vol. 1252, No. 32-42, p. 6?6, illus. Describes the "New Crabtree Switch Unit". This is an in- expensive device for protection against light leaks. Can be easily connected with existing wiring, and works auto- matically - shutting the light off and on as the door is opened and closed. (DLC) 2112. Fittings to obscure light THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, September 29, Vol. 125, No. 3,241, pp. 629-630 This article gives details of some of the fittings and equipment now on the market for obscuring light during blackout. Recommends a suitable type of shade. Describes rearrangement of lighting fixtures, painting of windows, and screening of doors. (DLC) 2113. Headlamp mask for vehicles THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, September 22, Vol. 4Ö, No. 2434, p. 2096 The "Frico" headlamp mask has been specially designed for ARP use on vehicles during blackout. The mask is easily fitted and available in all sizes to suit any headlamp. (DLC) 2114. Headlamp masks THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1941, February 13, Vol. LXXXIX, No. 2843, p. 74 A standard specification laying down requirements for ARP headlamp masks for motor vehicles. Published by the British Standards Institution and prepared at the request of the Ministry of Home Security. One of the most important features of the specification is that it provides for the first time a definite basis for the testing of a mask. (DLC) 18 BLACKOUT - EQUIPMENT 2115.. Lighting our darkness THE 'LANCET (London) 1939, September 2, Vol. CCXVIII, No. 6053, p. 171 A new use for complementary colors created by the demands of ARP, a practical cellulose acetate derivative which should prove of great value for darkening windows of hospi- tals and other buildings has been introduced and success- fully tested, (DLC) 2116. Masks compulsory after next week MOTOR TRANSPORT (London!“ 1940, January 13, Vol. 70, p. 1 Ministry of Home Security announcement compels use of "Offi- cial pattern head-lamp masks or a mask giving an equivalent performance." (DLC) 2117. Material for blackout blinds THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, November 3, Vol. 48, No. 2440, p. 2316 "Sisalkraft", product of J. H. Sankey and Son, Ltd., is a cheap blind material that is windproof, and "practically untearable". (DLC) 2118. Revised specification for lighting fixtures IRON AMD COAL TRADES REVIEW (London) 1941, March 7, Vol. 142, No. 3310, p. 295 There are four B.S. specifications dealing with ARP lighting and each deals with a different level of illumination; they were first issued in September 1939, and have now been re- vised; both gas and electric fittings previously introduced for outdoor use have been covered. The data furnished in the specifications afford adequate guidance for installa- tion. (DLC) BLACKOUT - LIGHTING 2119. ARP lighting and, obscuration JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1939, August 26, Vol, 103, No. 34, p. 575 Obscuration is one of the more complicated features of ARP 19 BLACKOUT - LIGHTING since each building presents special problems, and the method adopted will depend upon whether production protection is necessary or whether "simple obscuration" will suffice. (DLC) 2120# ARP shipyard lighting SYREN AND SHIPPING ILLUSTRATED (London) 1941, April, Vol. CLKXIX, No. 2327, pp. 17-18 ARP lighting fittings BS/ARP 16, 20, 21 and 37. (DLC) 2121. Better train lighting THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1939, November 18, Vol. 86, Wo. 2746, p. 266 A new scheme for lighting trains has been approved by the Home Security Department. An essential feature is a cen- tral control at which all lights in tube trains can be switched off within a few minutes in the event of an air raid warning. (DLC) 2122. Blackout lighting improvements THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1939, December 2, Vol. 86, No. 2766, p, 275 The Home Secretary states that greatly improved systems of internal lighting for trains and public service vehicles have been devised and installed. A method of lighting goods in shop windows has also been approved. (DLC) 2123. Health aspects of the ARP THE MEDICAL OFFICERTLondon) 1940, June 1, Vol. 63, p. 191 Problems of ventilation of factories and offices during blackout. Lighting discomfort in hospitals. Blackout regulations, (DLC) 2124« Hiding internal lighting THE GAS WORLD (London) 1939, September 2, No. 2874, p. 174 Appeal to all shopkeepers to adopt some plan to make inter- nal lighting invisible from the outside. Not only must all external lighting be extinguished, but in time of war a 20 BLACKOUT - LIGHTING require that no internal lighting could be seen from outside at any time. While showrooms remain open for business, strict precautions are necessary to see that the opening of street doors does not lead to any escape of direct or reflected light. A simple structure, painted dead black, enables shop premises to keep open during all emergencies, while complying with Government Regulations. (DLC) 2125. Improved lighting on trains THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1939, October 28, Vol. 86, No. 2760, p. 228 Improvements are being made in the system of lighting on the trains during the blackout period. Blue lamps inside the lamp cowls are being replaced by white lamps. An im- proved type of headlight mask is being fitted and arrange- ments are being made for a red light to be shown at the rear of all trains. (DLC) 2126. Lighting HIGHWAYS AND BRIDGES (London) 1939, August 16, Vol. VI, No. 267, p. 7 As an ARP measure, mercura ultra-violet lamps and fluorescent paints can be put to use effectively. These invisible ultra- violet rays falling upon fluorescent paints, produce a glow which concentrates on the treated surfaces only, all else remaining in complete darkness; for instance, while police uniforms, traffic signs, street guide-lines etc., so treated are quite clear to motorists and pedestrians, they are in- visible from the air. (DPR) 2127. Lighting in the "blackout11 of combat areas MODERN POWER AND ENGINEERING (Toronto) 1941, June, Vol. 35, p. 28 (DLC) 2128. The lighting (restrictions) order, 1940 JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1940, February 3* Vol. 104, p. 59 Detailed examination of the law regulating blackout lighting. (DLC) 21 BLACKOUT - LIGHTING 2129, The lighting restrictions -order and occupiers JUSTICE OP THE PEACE (Ldndon) " ‘ 1941, April 5, Vol. 105, No# 14, p. 190 Discussion centers around definition of term "occupier" in regulation 24 of the Defense Regulations. (DLC) 2130, Lighting wizards help brighten the blackout POPULAR MECliMfCS“WGA^INE"' (Chicago! ~ 1941, May, Vol. 75, No. 5, p. 673 The effort of lighting engineers of London to brighten the blackout on the ground without attracting the enemy, has been a serious undertaking. Attention has been given to designing "light looks", planning and testing traffic lights and the illumination of railroad yards and docks where work must be carried on all night regardless of airraid hazards; a minimum size has been fixed for ARP signs. Doors and windows of shops have been light-trapped, so that a dark exterior does not mean a dim interior. (DLC) 2131# London transport THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1939, October 7, Vol. LXXXVI, No. 2755, p# 186 A standardized system of lighting on railways has been approved for use during the blackout period# "The regula- tions allow three special low-wattage lamps, with the lower half of each painted a dark blue, to be fitted into each railway car. In the tunnel sections of the line full light- ing will be maintained# (DLC) , 2132, Prepare your lights «for winter THE. WORLD’S CARRlERSlTcuidon) 1940, October, Vol. XpVII, No. 433, p. 16 The summary of lighting regulations compiled by the R#A,C. lists such items as checking of lights, repainting of bumpers, blackening of reflectors, and cleaning of head lamp masks• (DLC) 2133# Tr aff ab lak MP lighting THE TRANSPORT WORLD' ('London) 1939, October 12, Vol. LXXXVI, No. 2757, p. 211 A description of the "Traffablak" ARP lighting system# In this system the windows are painted with "Traffablak" lacquer which 22 BLACKOUT - LIGHTING permits daylight to enter« At night ’’Traffablak” macpochro- matic electric discharge lamps are used, since light from this source will not pass through the,lacquer* (DLC) 2134* Use of fog lamps THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1939, November 4, Vol. LXXXVI, No. 2761, p. 233 Instructions permitting the use of flares in streets and of additional lighting on motor vehicles during thick fog have been issued by the Minister of Home Security* When flares are essential for guidance of traffic, the Chief Officer of Police may authorize their uso* Flares must be extinguished immediately on receipt of an air read warning* (DLC) 2135* Value of white walls in a blackout THE SURVEYOR (London) ~ 1939, September 29, Vol. XCVI, No. 2488, p. 293 Curbs and parts of vehicles painted white are made visible in a blackout when faint night lights or dimmed rays of carriage lamps are employed in this connection* In like manner white paint or whitewash would define walls of build- ings at corners, thus adding to the safety of those workers who must travel the streets at night* (DPR) 2136* Wartime interior lighting of buildings THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London! 1939,November 10, Vol. 48, No« 2441, p, 2330 The experts of the E*L*M*A* Lighting Service Bureau have demonstrated their solutions to several wartime lighting problems in a current exhibition* The ’’light-lock”, the use of fluorescent materials, ultra-violet lamps, the ’’Philora" sodium lighting system, are some high points of the exhibit* (DLC) 23 BLACKOUT - LIGHTING - FACTORY LIGHTING 2137* ARP lighting THE ELECTRICAL REVIEW (London) 1939, September 8, Vol, CXXV, No, 322, p, 326 For some time past advances in the technique of applying correct illumination principles have to some extent been subordinated to the need to provide against attack from air. As it is impracticable to make recommendations of general application to the diverse conditions of industry, attention is drawn to the need to provide minimum essential lighting totally screened from observation from the air with centralized control and adequately screened local sources at key positions in order to carry on work during hours of darkness*(DLC) 2138* ARP-rooflight and window obscuration COLLIERY ENGINEERING (London] 1939, September, Vol, 16, No, 187, p* 356 The current issue of the "Metropolitan Vickers Gazette" contains the following particulars; system evolved for treating roof lights and windows so that production in factories can continue at night in spite of air raid pre- cautions; comparison of old, inadequate method with the modern approved* method; "Metrovick Complementary colour" and its advantages,(DLC) 2139* Blackout I (air conditioned defense plant) HEATING^PIPING AND AIR CONDITIONING (Chicago) 1941, April, Vol* 13, No, 4, p* 237 The aircraft plant in Texas is one of many defense plants that are being air conditioned* An important reason for air conditioning is to make those factories "black-out proof."(DEC) . 2140* '’Blackout" conditioning for Douglas Aircraft REFRIGERATING ENGINESRINĆTTNew York) 1941, July, Vol* 42, No, 1, p* 38 An explanation of the devices used in the new aircraft plants* These windowless, air conditioned plants can be "blacked out" at any time without interfering with pre- cision manufacturing or production work*(DEC) 24 BLACKOUT - LIGHTING - FACTORY LIGHTING 2141« Factory lighting in wartime BUSINESS (London) 1941, March, Vol« LXXI, No* 3, p, 24- Lighting affects output more directly in present conditions. By improvement of the lighting installation the worker’s efficiency during blackout hours is increased with benefi- cial results to the factory’s total output, A minimum illu- mination of 6 ft, candles can be put in and maintained at top efficiency. Light locks are essential at some points,(DLC) 2142, Obscuration of light at mines and factories THE COLLIERY GUlRDIANTLendon ) 1939, May 5, Vol, CLVIII, No, 4088, p, 817 Part 6, Section 34 of the New Civil Defense Bill, to secure the protection of persons and property provides; - "It shall be the duty of the occupier of any factory premises, or the owner of any mine and of the persons carrying on any public utility undertaking to take forthwith any necessary measures to secure that in the event of war, throughout any period of darkness, no light is allowed to appear from within any building on the premises, or used for the purpose of the mine or undertaking," Heavy penalties are to be imposed for non- compliance with this order. The provision of suitable screening for lights at pit-top and other buildings cannot be neglected,(DLC) 2143» Obscuration of lights in factories THE GAS WORLD (London) 1939, August 26, No, 2873, p, 168 In the event of war, lights inside buildings arc obscured while outside they are extinguished. Glass is rendered opaque by paint, or by the use of screens, "Weather-proof" shutter- ing is necessary only on firms engaged in work of importance, (DLC) 2144» Wartime lighting restrictions for industrial and commercial promises» Great Britain. Air Raid Precautions Department 1939, London, H#M* Stationery Office» p, 12 A general idea is given as to the kind of lighting that will be enforced in case of war# Types of lighting to bo con- 25 BLACKOUT - LIGHTING - FACTORY LIGHTING sidered are "Internal lighting, external lighting and glare from industrial processes." Instructions and method of "prep aration for the imposition of lighting restrictions." (DLC) 211i5>. When light obscuration becomes camouflage BUS INESSTLondon) 1939, December, Vol. LXIX, No. 12, p. 31 The uncertainty of light obscuration of roof windows and other glass acting as highly reflective surfaces has caused the government to advise factories engaged on big govern- ment contracts, not only to take ordinary measures of obscuration, but to coat the outside of their glass with a matt finish to prevent reflection. It is understood that this aspect of the lighting problem is being regarded as a measure of camouflage, and only those factories receiving direct instructions from the Minister will be obliged to take this step. (DLC) BLACKOUT - LIGHTING - PORTABLE LIGHTS 21I4.6, ARP light; new battery lamps BATHS AND BATH ENGINEERING (London) 19l|0, April-May, Vol. 7, p. 2U, illus. Ceag Ltd., of London have developed two lamps, one with lead acid battery and one with alkaline battery, to comply with the specifications of BS/ARP3. (DLC) 21h7• Ceag equipment - air raid wardens' lamps COLLIERY ENGINEERING (London]" 1939, December, Vol. lo, No. 190, p, hhO To comply with BS/ARP3 Ceag Ltd. have introduced two lamps for the use of air raid wardens and others whose duties take them into the open during the blackout. Both of these lamps are adaptations of the Ceag Schedule A Cap Lamps, and when they are no longer required for ARP can be converted to normal cap lamps for use underground. (DLC) 2lU8. Electric hand lamps for ARP THE MUNICIPAL JOURNALTLondon) 1939, September 8, Vol. U8, No. 2)132, p. 1997 The third specification in series of ARP British Standard 26 BLACKOUT - LIGHTING - PORTABLE LIGHTS Specifications just published is for an electric hand lamp. The specification (3S/ARP3) relates to the design and con- struction of the electric hand lamps for general use out of doors, or in buildings in which the windows, roof lights, etc., are not screened.(DLC) 2149, Portable 1ighting for ARP THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL "(London) 1939, July 7, Vol. XLVIII, No. 2423, p. 1541. The problem of supplying temporary electric lighting is great- ly simplified by the use of an Exide portable projector, A complete description is given of this lamp for special use where a main supply is not usually installed,(DLC) BLACKOUT - LIGHTING - STREET LIGHTING 2150, Aircraft testing street lighting THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1941, March 14, Vol. 49, Ho. 2511, p. 311 Two municipalities were concerned recently with the subject of modified lighting. One requested extension of modified lighting along the main roads during the blackout; the other requested modified street lighting.(DLC) 2151. Blackout indicator lights THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1941, February 1, Vol. LXXXIX, Ho. 2841, p. 44 A scheme for fixing indicator lights on bus stops standards during blackout rejected by the Ministry of Home Security. Proposed indicator presented by Mr. D. Bellamy, general manager of the Hull Corporation. The flickering of the in- dicator would notify bus drivers and motorists when an alert was imminent and the public could identify compulsory stopping places. The Ministry however, thought it inadvisa- ble to add to the existing lights in the streets, provided the posts at the bus stops were marked distinctively with black and white paint, they should be recognizable except on very dark nights • (DLC) 27 BLACKOUT - LIGHTING - STREET LIGHTING 2152, Blackout lighting demonstrated FIRE ENGINEERING (New York) 1941, July, Vol. 94, N0. 7, p. 337 Tne General Electric engineers arranged a blackout lighting demonstration with specially designed blackout luminaries. These are shaped like an admiral's hat, and use 2vr watt Argon (gaseous) lamps, A whole city would be invisible to bomber or observation planes if lighted by these lamps, as their light cannot be seen at more than a few hundred feet above the ground, nor pedestrians and vehicles at more than about 25 feet. This demonstration was staged at Lynn, Mass on May 14, 1941.(DLC) 2153, , Blackout street lamp charges- THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL(London) 1939, November Vol. 48, No. 2440, p, 2304 Where local authorities contract with companies for light- ing streets with gas or electricity, the now contractual terms are based on blackout conditions•(DLC) 2154. Control of public 1ighting for civil defense THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (Londonj 1939, September 8, Vol, 46, No, 2432, pp, 2001-2003, illus. With the outbreak of hostilities, street lights wąre immedi- ately extinguished in örder to assist in obtaining "the blackout", as one means of defense at night, against the attack of enemy aircraft. Every lighting authority and every gas and electric undertaking received instructions from Whitehall to this effect, "Street lighting at present simply does not exist,"(DLC) 2155, Lighting aid to traffic in. wartime THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, September 8, Vol*. 48, No. 2432, p, 2003, illus. Blackouts having been established for the purpose of Civil Defense, Mr, P. J, Robinson, City Electrical Engineer, has designed a fitting of particular interest. The fitting is intended for lighting obstructions, road junctions and any 28 BLACKOUT - LIGHTING - STREET LIGHTING point where light would be an aid to traffic, and where the light emitted should not be sufficient to be easily seen by hostile aircraft.(DEC) 2156. Lighting in the "blackout” of combat areas MODERN POWER AND ENGINEERING (Toronto"}* 1941, June, Vol, 35, No. 6, p, 28 This article describes the principle fixtures used for blackout street lighting in Germany and in Britain, In Germany the pilot or beacon lamps are used. In Britain lights for streets must be spaced about 100 feet apart. Factory lighting conditions in both countries are discussed, Germany is making a study of smaller screened lights on machines, Britain has found that in some factories artificial lighting is superior to "daylighting"•(DLC) 2157. The lighting of street refuges THE LAW TIMES iLondonJ 1940, September 21, Vol, 190, No. 5086, pp, 161-162 Effect of Lighting (Restrictions) Order upon the statutory obligation of local authorities to light the streets.(DLC) 2158, Lights and al_r raids THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, April 14, Vol, 48, No. 2411, p. 817 The Lord Privy Seal refuses a grant to the Bermondsey Borough Council, to install a system to extinguish street lights immediately in case of air raids,(DLC) 2159. Municipal corporations - duty towards pedestrians during wartime blackout NEW YORK UNIVERSITY LAW* QUARTERLY REVIEW (New York) 1941, January, Vol, 18, No. 2,pp, 269-271 Suspension of statutory duty to light the streets does not suspend the common lav; duty to use reasonable care to prevent obstructions lawfully in the streets from injuring persons using the streets during a blackout,(DEC) 29 BLACKOUT - LIGHTING - STREET LIGHTING 2160, Prospects for street lighting THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, October 27, Vol, 48, No. 2439, p, 2249 Modified street lighting installed experimentally in Liver- pool is found wanting. Failure of this and other experiments in blackout street lighting indicates that no immediate im- provements are likely.(DLC) 2161, Public 1 i ghting THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, December 13, Vol, 49, p. 1560 Popularity of starlightingj many districts installing fittings. Lists of cities using Starlight street lighting fittings made under British standard specification ARP/37,(DLC) 2162. Reducing “blackout” dangers; experiments in modified street lighting THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, October 20, Vol, 48, Ho. 2438, p. 2227 Records experiments with various types of lighting, including ultra-vio1et ray 1amps.(DLC) 2163. Street lighting THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1939, December 23, Vol, LXXXVI, Ho, 2770, p, 332 The new official system of lighting during blackouts consists of a type of light described as "comfort” lighting. It can be either electric or gas light, nights are very, dim, but can be used during an air raid without exposing a district to the danger of identification by enemy airmen,(DEC) 2164, Street lighting and the “blackout”; Horae Office expert explains present position and prospects THE MIKI Cl PAL JOURNAL (London)' 1939, December 1, Vol, 48, Ho, 2444, p, 2428 Summary of speeches by C, F, Johnson, of the Home Office, and others at a meeting of the Association of Public Lighting Engineers held in London. Tendency noted toward relaxation 30 BLACKOUT - LIGHTING - STRLET LIGHTING of blackout in favor of various forms of modified street lighting.(DLC) 2165. Wartime street lighting. Aids to movement in the blackout THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, December 20, Vol. 49, p. 1620 Taken from a paper prepared for the Joint Lighting Committee of the Ministry of Home Security and the Illuminating Engineer- ing Society. Hives practical aids for traffic and pedestrians. (DLC) 2156. Street lighting in the blackout THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1941, November 1, Vol. 49, No. 2492, p. 1399 A British cabinet committee has been considering possible ways of ameliorating the blackout. An outline of what has been accomplished and what the committee is trying to accomplish in the way of modifying the total blackout.(DLC) 2167. Wartime street lighting; satisfactory aerial test at Sheffield THE MUNICIPALJOURNAL (London) 1940, November 29, Vol. 49, p. 1510 In spite of rumors to the contrary, street lighting installed in accordance with the Lighting (Restrictions) Order, 1940 functions successfully during air.raids,(DLC) BLACKOUT - LIGHTING - VEHICLE LIGHTS 2168, ARP tram lighting THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1939, July 15, Vol. LXXXVI, No. 2742, p. 71 Experiments were made with a number of specially illuminated tramcars, One vehicle was fitted with amber tinted interior lamps and had its windows sprayed with blue lacquer, which admits 80 per cent of daylight. Another tram was fitted with blue interior lights. Blue lights only were used during the blackout,(DLC) 31 BLACKOUT - LIGHTING - VEHICLE LIGHTS 2169. Germans discard blue-blackout lights THE MOTOR''(London)“ 1941, April 23, Vol. LXXIX, No. 2052, p. 230, illus Description pf automobile lamps for use during blackout,(DLC) 2170, Good bus lighting THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1939, October 7, Vol, LXXXVI, No. 2756, p, 186 Experiment was made with the bottom of a small round biscuit tin with three lips cut out for fixing in the light fitting. This proved so successful that shields of this kind were made for all buses. It gives a good light at night, and enables conductors to carry on their work quite satisfac- torily, (DLC) 2171, Interior lighting prosecutions MOTOR TRANSPORT (London) 1940, January 13, Vol, 70, p, 11 A test case concerning the blackout regulations for public service vehicles came before the Otley (Yorkshire) Police Court on January 5, The defendants were fined on a charge of displaying excessive lights inside a bus,(DLC) 2172, Lighting of motor vehicles UXNRTE'RS-'-CI'ona-on) 1940, November 15, Vol, XXXVII, No. 434, p. 29 A police notice regarding the lighting of vehicles lists a number of precautions which should be taken. It deals with side lamps, head lamps, rear lamps, fog lamps, direction indicators, and the use of white paint,(DLC) 2173. Overcoming blackout problems TSE TRANSPORT W0RLÜ (London) 1939, December 9, Vol, LXXXVI, No. 2767, p. 278 A letter to the editor concerning the solving of blackout problems. Lamps for lighting the interior of buses are screened by a piece of orange casement material. This permits no light to penetrate through windows. To prevent accidents in getting off and on the bus, a 6-watt lamp is placed underneath the platform inside a water-proof case. It throws a ray of light under the step and extends beyond the bus, enabling the passenger to see the curb.(DLC) 32 BLACKOUT - LIGHTING - VEHICLE LIGHTS 2174, Requirements of new lighting order MOTOR TRANSPORT XlondonJ 1940, January 27, Vol, 70, No, 1820, p, 6 Lists those provisions of the Lighting (Restrictions) Order, 1940, that apply to buses,(DLC) 2175. Signalling in the blackout THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1939, December 14, Vol. LXXXVI, No, 2768, p. 317 To enable drivers of public service vehicles to see passen- gers, a small shrouded light that is easily observed from a distance of 100 yards has been installed. The light is at the top of a pole with a push button at the bottom. The signal is illuminated only while the button is being pressed,(DLC) 2176, Vehicle lights in air raids MOTOR TRANSPORT'TLonB’on) 1940, August, Vol, LXXI, No. 1848, p. 3 There has been a wide spread belief in the fallacy that all lights on vehicles should be extinguished while an air alarm is in progress; the Ministry of Home Security ex- plains that only headlights need be extinguished. Police, military, and civil defense are cautioned to use headlights during air invasion,(DLC) 2177. Vehicles’ lighting restrictions THE SOLICITÖRS’ JOURNAL (London) 1940, December 21, Vol. 84, No. 51, p. 698 It was alleged that a number of road accidents had been caused by military vehicles having neither front nor rear lights at night, also that daring periods of al-5rt in certain divisions there had been many cases of excessive light displayed by military vehicles at night. In case of military necessity, army vehicles are required to dis- play suitable dimmed front and roar lights when on public .roads. Military commanders have been frequently reminded of their responsibilities in the matter,(DLC) 33 BUCKOUT - LIGHTING - VEHICLE LIGHTS army vehicles are required to display suitable dimmed front and rear lights when on public roads. Military commanders have been frequently reminded of their responsibilities in the matter. (DLC) 2178. Wartime legislation - lighting MOTOR TRANSPORT (London) 1940, February 17, Vol, 70, No. 1823, p. 8 The official regulations covering lighting of trailers, buses, trolley buses, and certain miscellaneous vehi- cles under -war conditions. (DLC) 2179. Wartime lighting of vehicles THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1939, September 14, Vol. LXXXVI, No. 2752,. p. 152 It is suggested that conductors of transport vehicles be provided with low powered hooded torches to overcome the difficulty of handling coins during blackouts. Need for means of indicating route numbers and stopping places is indicated. (DLC) 2180, Why not illuminate back axles? THE COMMERCIAL MOTOR (London) 1941, April 25, Vol. LXXIII, No. 1884, p. 241 Suggestion intended to make vehicles visible to traffic. (DLC) BLACKOUT - PRIVATE DWELLINGS 2181, No dim interiors ELECTRICAL NEWS AND ENGINEERING (Toronto) 1941, March, Vol, 50, No, 6, p. 34 "Blackout regulations in Great Britain are of course very- severe. Absolutely no glimmer is permitted outside where it might be spotted by enemy raiders. At first many.people tried using very dim light inside, but the dimness was so depressing that this idea was given up almost entirely. 34 BLACKOUT - PUBLIC BUILDINGS 2182, Large buildings.in wartime THE BUILDER (London) 1941, January 3, Vol, CLX, No, 5109, p, 13, illus., diagrs. Outlines contents of various Home Security Bulletins dealing with obscuration, ventilation, and protection of glass,(DLC) BLACKOUT - REGULATIONS 2183, The blackout: enforcement THE SOLICITORS» JOURNAL (London) 1940, November 30, Vol. 84, No, 48, p. 662 The Lighting Order required lights in private dwelling houses to be completely obscured so as to be altogether in- visible from outside. Instructions given to the police were that, while every effort should be made to secure complete obscuration, they should exercise a reasonable discretion in enforcing the requirements by proceedings in Court, Air raid wardens have no power to enforce this order, but they may co-operate with the police by local arrangement.(DLC) 2184, Blacking-out offences and "the occupier" HIE SOLICITORST JOURNAITLonion) 1940, August 17, Vol. 84, p. 483 Deals with meaning of term "occupier" as used in blackout regulations.(DLC) 2185* Collisions with unlighted objects Blank, David THE LAW JOURNAL (London) 1940, November 50, Vol. 90, No. 3907, p. 215 Effect of blackout regulations on laws relating to collisions with stationary unlighted objects.(DLC) 2186, The law in the dark JUSTICE OF THE PHAGE (London) 1940, February 10, Vol, 104, p. 74 Blackout rules have not changed common law in regard to 35 BLACKOUT - REGULATIONS traffic rights and duties, but they have increased the neces- sity for conforming to it,(DLC) 2187, Lighting and liability TEE LAW JOURNAL'(London) 1940, November 16, Vol, XCL, No, 3905, p* 195 Discusses responsibility for maintaining darkness in places ether than dwellings under the blackout regulations,(DLC) 2188, Practical points ; problems on the emergency legislation THE LAW JOURNAL (London) 1941, January 4, Vol# XCL, No, 3912, p# 9 The responsibility of hotel guests for co-operation in main- tenance of the blackout,(DLC) BLACKOUT - TRAFFIC HAZARDS 2189, Autumn safety-first campaign THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, September 6, Vol, 49, No, 2484, p, 1151 Discusses a national campaign in which various agencies combine forces to reduce the number of accidents occurring during blackouts,(DLC) 2190, Blackout deaths THE MANCHESTER GUARDIAN (London) 1941, March 24, No, 29483, p, S A report on number of deaths due to automobile accidents in the blackout areas. Royal Society for Prevention of Accidents reports six deaths due to collision of one pedestrian with another,(DLC) 36 BLACKOUT - TRAFFIC HAZARDS 2191, Death by blackout TIMEAND TIDE (London) 1940, January 27, Vol. 21, No. 4, p. 7 It is increasingly clear that many of the alarming number - of road accidents are due to the pedestrian’s failure to realize how invisible he is to the driver outside the short range of dim lights. Reduction of speed from 30 to 20 miles per hour in built up areas should do much to lessen this danger,(DLC) 2192, Deaths in blackout THE 17EEKLY UNDERWRITER (New York) 1940, December 28, Vol, 143, No. 26, p, 1484 Figures on accidents and deaths caused by blackouts in Britain, released by the Ministry of Transport.(DLC) 2193, Holocaust of the roads THE MUNICI?AL~JÖURNAL (London) 1939, October 27, Vol. 48, No. 2439, p. 2263 The blackout and its effects on road accident figures. Tremendous increase in fatalities noted,(DLC) 2194. Improving safety with blackout THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, September 15, Vol. 48, No. 2433, p. 2045 The Pedestrians’ Association urges the government to whiten the surface of all curbs with luminous paint, as a safety measure during blackouts. Difficulties have been created by the several wartime lighting restrictions.(DLC) 2195. Inefficient street lighting means more accidents Gale, Stanley THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1937, May 21, Vol. 46, No. 2312, p. 991 The subject of street lighting is rapidly coming to the front. In addition to the rapid increase of road traffic there is a corresponding increase in the number of road accidents.(DLC) 37 BLACKOUT - TRAFFIC HAZARDS 2196, Is the blackout the cause of more accidents TÜE1ÜNICIPAL JOURNAL (London}“ 1940, November 1, No, 2492, p, 1382 Offers statistics to show that the blackout is not the major cause of road accidents,(DLC) 2197, Liability for blackout accidents MOTOR TRANSPORT (London! 1940, January 20, Vol, 70, No, 1819, p. 11 Some modification of the common law rights of both drivers and pedestrians may be necessary to deal with the traffic problems arising from the blackout,(DLC) 2198# Men in white MOTOR”TRANSPORT (London) 1940, February 3, Vol, 70, No, 1821, p, 1 Notes that white Jerkins have been issued to all employees of London Transport whose work takes them on the roads after dark. This is for greater safety in the blackout#(DLC) 2199. Obstructions and lighting restrictions JUSTICE 0F“1heTeaCE (London) 1940, March 30, Vol. 104, No. 13, p, 175 Difficulties experienced by highway authorities because of pavement obstructions which have become more dangerous by reason of the blackout#(DLC) 2200. Preventing road accidents in wartime; local authorities can help THE MUNICIP>X“J0URNAL (London)”“ ~ “ 1939, November 10, Vol. 48, No, 2441, p, 2325 The work of the National ”Safety First” Association in a drive for safer driving conditions under blackout conditions. (DLC) 2201* Road accidents THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1941, March, Vol. LXXXIX, No. 2846, p. 89 According to the Ministry of Transport the number of accidents in built up areas during the blackout have been reduced, but accidents everywhere have increased during daylight compared 38 BLACKOUT - TRAFFIC HAZARDS with those of a year ago. This may be due to (a) continua- tion of summer time, (b) imposition of 20 m.p.h. speed limit.(DLC) 2202, Road casualties THE“LANCET ‘(London) 1939, October 28, Vol, 257, No, 6061, p, 963 Measures taken to reduce road casualties include nthe relax- ation of the headlamp lighting restrictions, compulsory rear lights for cyclists, the use of head torches by pedes- trians and the provision on a large scale of aids-to-move- ment, such as the marking of roads, curb stones and pedes- trian crossings,M(DLC) 2203, Road fatalities in wartime JUSTICE OF THEPEACE (London) 1940, November 2, Vol, 104, p, 611 Outlines measures taken to lessen hazards of blackout driving,(DLC) 2204, Road safety during the blackout THE 'SOLICITORS» JOURNAL (London) 1940, December 21, Vol, 84j No-. 51, p, 698 It is a dangerous mistake for pedestrians to assume that because they can see the light of an approaching vehicle, the driver can see them, and to act accordingly. Pedes- trians might help by carrying or wearing something white. Torches judiciously used would provide protection. Individ- uals should walk on the right so that they may see and avoid an approaching vehicle,(DLC) 2205, Road travel in air raids THE HIGHWAY MAGAZINE (Chicago) 1941, July, Vcl, 32, p, 150 A decision to allow traffic to continue during air raid warn- ings is a new measure for road safety. During the early raids vehicles held in waiting with their passengers present- ed a target for machine gunners. Greater security to motor- ists would be afforded by sign-nesting shelters along the main 39 BLACKOUT - TRAFFIC HAZARDS traffic routes, and private houses with shelters may be induced to co-operate,(DLC) 2206, Rural drivers in the blackout THE OBSERVER (London)“”' 1940, November 3, No, 7797, 149th year, p, 8 Any driver who does more than crawl after dark, with the lights permitted, is risking his neck. Pedestrians are practically under the wheel before they can be seen on a really black night, and many rural motorists are finding that with the now lighting regulation, it is necessary to cut driving after dark to a minimum,(DLC) 2207, The safety of children on the roads THE WORLD'» sTa'RRIERS (LondonJ 1940, November 15, Vol. XXXVII, No, 434, p. 33 Few children are killed during blackout hours, because they are left at home, according to the National "Safety First" Association, Evacuated children find less traffic in the country, but higher speeds. The problem is accentuated by the fact that many country roads have no footpaths,(DLC) 2208, Transport in the blackout THE TRANSPORfWORLD (London) 1939, September 16, Vol. LZXXVI, No. 2753, p, 173 Summary of the dangers of blackouts to pedestrians and drivers. Dimmed motor lights have made it impossible for pedestrians to Judge the distance and speed of approaching vehicles. Drivers allowed to use only one screened head- light, which is not sufficient to illuminate people on the roads,(DLC) 2209. 20 iri.p.h, speed limit during blackout MOTOR' TRANSPORT (London") “ 1940, January 27, Vol, 70, p. 2 Through an order under the Defense of the .Realm Regulations, the speed limit of all motor vehicles in built up areas is reduced from 30 to 20 m.p.h. during blackout hours,(DLC) 40 BLACKOUT - TRAFFIC HAZARDS 2210, Vehicles in air raids THE TRÄÜSPÖRTWORLD ) 1939, September 9, Vol, LXXXVI, No. 2751, p. 140 Summary of instructions issued, to drivers of vehicles for procedure during air raids, When warning is given driver must park at side of the road, or in a garage, car park, or open space off the highway. At night headlamps must be switched off, but side and rear lamps should be left alight. Cars must be left unlocked,(DLC) BLACKOUT - VENTILATION 2211, Ventilation and blackout GAS JOURNAL ‘(London) 1941, March 26, Vol. 233, No. 2064, p, 644. (DLC) 2212, Ventilation in blacked out halls TIMES EDUĆItToNAL SUPPLEMENT'(London) 1940, February 24, No. 1295, p, 74 ■ Hints for ventilating large halls under blackout conditions, (DLC) 2215, Ventilation in the blackout THE MUNICIPAlTJOURNAL (London) 1939, November 17, Vol. 48, No. 2442, p. 2380 When all windows are screened and sealed for the blackout, ventilation becomes difficult. This problem can be solved by using the ’’Xpoliar” exhaust fan, sold by the General Electric Co, Ltd., London, It is light-proof, silent and weatherproof,(DLC) 2214, Vent: lation in the blackout THE MUNICIPAL“. JOURNAL (London) 1940, August 23, Vol. 49, No. 2482, p. 1104 Devices for allowing free passage of air without emission of light during blackouts,(DLC) 41 BLIND 2215. Wirkungen der Verdunkelung an blinden personen (Effects of blackout on blind persons) ARCHIV FÜR DIE’ GESAMTE PSYCHOLOGIE (Leipzig) 1940, Vol, 107, pp. 411-436. (DLC) BOMBS 2216, Air raid precautions; their application to public undertak- ings BATHS AND BATH ENGINEERING (London) 1940 March-April, Vol, 7, pp, 26-27; May-June, pp, 41-44; July-August, pp, 56-57 Technical study of types of air attack; high explosive bombs, gas bombs, incendiary bombs, gas spray. Gives pre- cautionary measures in each case* From a paper presentee to the Public Health Services Congress, (DLC) 2217. AKP Handbook No. 5 In Royal Institute of British Architects, Journal (London) 1939, June 26, Vol, 46, No. 16, p, 834 Data on bombs, their characteristics and effects. The principal technical requirements of shelterers; general notes on bomb-resisting structural design in new and ex- isting buildings. Protection against direct hit. The delayed-action bomb; its course. The blast (analysis of). Doorways and their sizes. Ventilation; fire resisting timber, (DLC) 2218. ARP in London THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, February 10, Vol, 48, No. 2402, p, 319 Evidence of careful and thorough investigation of prob- lems associated with protection of the public'against aerial bombs to be seen at the ARP exhibition. (DLC) h2 BOMBS 2219. Attack from the air In Royal Sanitary Institute. Journal (London) 1933, July, Vol. 59, No. 1, pp. 71-75 Discussion of the features of various types of bombs. Methods of protection against gas. A description of different kinds of gases. Panic as the outstanding consideration during air raids. (DLC) 2220, Building in wartime Lucas, Edgar THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) ■ 1939, October 20, Vol. 1252, No. 32UU, p. 735 Materials which bombs cannot penetrate depend upon calibre of the bomb. To prevent penetration of 1 kilo incendiary bomb h inches of concrete and approximately 6 inches of earth, sand or shingles are required. Greater protection would necessąrily be required against bombs of greater strength and destructive properties. (DLC) 2221. Effects of air, attack Mitebener, P, H, and Cowell, E. M. THE LANCET (London) 1939, January Ik. Vol. 236, No. 6020, p. IOI4 A full description of three types of bombs, namely the high explosive, incendiary, and gas; and their effects; suggestions for erecting buildings to be used as dressing stations or hospitals in air raids. Also included is a short sketch of type of wounds received from air bomb fragments, machine gun bullets, and blast effects, (DLC) 2222, Library notes THE ARCHITECT AND BUILDING NEWS (London) 1939, July U, Vol. 158, No. 3668, p. 11 "While most important European countries have issued official publications dealing with the penetrative and explosive effects of aerial bombs and measures necessary to give protection against them, the British Government has not yet done so,"(DLC) 43 BOMBS 2223* The physics of air raids Bemal, J* D* THE ENGINEER (London) 1941, April 18, Vol* 171, No* 4449, pp* 262-264, illus,, graphs* The effects of explosives on other substances can best, be understood by considering the character, the intensity and velocity of the wave. Breaking of windows is caused by shock waves or blast* This article explains in detail cause and effect of an explosion* Three graphs are presented; CD Pressure-time curves of blast from 2 lb charge of blasting powder, (2) frequency of system; cycles per second, (3) ground movement recorder* Also attached is a detail drawing of production of craters and camouflets by bombs* (DLC) 2224* The rocket bomb Fuller, J* F. C, COAST ARTILLERY JOURNAL (Washington, D. C.) 1941, January-*February, Vol* LXXXIV, No*l, p*21 "The rocket is an arm by which the whole system of military tactics is destined to be changed* Exports claim that should two difficulties be overcome, motive power and main- tenance of direction, there is no theoretical reason why a rocket should not be constructed which would travel from Berlin to London or Berlin to New York*" (DLC) 2225* Städtebau und luftschutz (City buildings and air raid defense) TECHNISCHES GEMEINDEBÜATT (Berlin) 1936, December 10, Vol* 39, pp, 273-276 The perils of splinter, incendiary, and gas bomb attacks? possible damage from bombing in industrial.areas; efficiency in industrial work during an attack; gas protective measures* (DSG) 2226* What reduces bombs* killing power? THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, January 27, Vol* 48, No* 2400, p. 223 The evident reduction in the killing power of bombs is probably due to education and improved defences, according to J. N* Fletcher, A. F. C. (DLC) 44 BOMBS, HIGH EXPLOSIVE 2227* Aid raid; the technique of silent approach; high explosive panic Langdon-Davies, John 1938* London, George Routledge* pp* 142, illus* The author draws attention of the British to the lessons of the Barcelona bombings of March 16, 17, 18, 1938* The raids described are of the "silent approach technique" having for their chief objective the creation of panic among the civilian population* The objectives of the ARP, therefore, according to the author, must be directed toward improved detection devices, evacuation, and provision of shelters in which communal activities can be carried out* (DLC) 2228* Likvidatsiia nerazorvavshikhsia aviabomb(Rondoring harmless un- exploded and action" bombs') Khomenko, I VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI 030R0NY (Moscow) 1938, No® 6, pp* 37-42, illus®, tables When a bomb drops in a given neighborhood and does not explode, what is the problem facing the local ARP committee and how can it be solved — that is the task the author sots out to cover in a step by step description* (DLC) 2229* Move to expedite bomb disposal THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL TLondon) 1940, October 25, Vol* 49, p* 1371 A proposal for more direct and closer co-operation in the reporting of unexploded bombs in the $ city of London« A uniform system of reporting and investigating is suggested# (DLC) 2230* Obezvrezhivanie uchastkov ot nerazorvavshikhsia aviabomb (Safe- guarding populated areas from damage by unexploded or ’’delayed action" bombs) Radevich ,P. VESTNIK PR0TIV0V0ZBÜSEN0I 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1939, No* 1, pp* 50-52 A review of two articles on the problem of unexploded and "delayed action” bombs dropped in a populated area. The 45 BOMBS, HIGH EXPLOSIVE articles reviewed are; Likvidatsiia nerazorvavshikhsia avia- bomb (Rendering harmless unexploded and "delayed action" bombs) by I* Khomenko in this magazine for 1938, No* 6, pp* 57-42, (see item 2228), and Unichtozhenie nerazorvavshikhsia aviabomb podryvom (The disposal of' unexploded and "delayed action" bombs by exploding them) by A* Voronin, in this magazine for 1938, No* 9, pp* 34-38» (See item 2232) (DLC) 2231* Test with bombs THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, February 17, Vol* 48, No. 2403, p* 383 Test carried out at Stourton with dummy bombs weighing respectively 360 lbs and 1204 lbs* gave the following results; A 360 lb* bomb dropped from 100 ft* on six concrete floor slabs representing a five storey building pierced the top floor* (DLC) 2232* Uhichtozhenie nerazorvavshikhsia aviabomb podryvom (The disposal of unexploded and "delayed action” bombs by exploding them) Voronin, A* VESTNIK PROTIV0VOZDUSHN01 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1938, No* 9, pp. 34-38 A minute plan for organizing the work of the local ARP committee and the actual step by step operations in demolish- ing unexploded bombs* (DLC) BOMBS, INCENDIARY* See also FIRS EXTINCTION 2233# The "Agrippa" incendiary bomb lifter BRITISH PLASTICS (London) 1941, 'May, Vol* 12, No* 144, p# 384 The writer considers the use of the "Agrippa" in lifting incendiary bombs to be more effective than the use of sand* (DLC) 2234# And this is the way to put out incendiaries NEWS CHRONICLE (London)' 1941, January 1, No* 29, 533, p# 1* illus# Detailed instructions on the proper methods of dealing with 46 BOMBS, INCENDIARY incendiary bombs dropped during air raids* (DLC) 2235* Asbestos protection for ARP THE MINI Cl PAL JOURNAlTTLondon) 1939, September 22, Vol. 48, No* 2434, p, 2096 With regard to high explosive bombs,the major risks are from, bomb splinters, falling masonry, and fire# Asbestos cannot play a prominent part in gas defense, but whenever possible it is wise to use a material which will not burn, and the use of asbestos, in dealing with incendiary bombs will play an important part in ARP defenses* (DLC) 2236* Automatic fire bomb detection BUSINESS "(London") 1941, January Vol* 71, p. 23 The advantages of an automatic fire boinb detector* This light-sensitive electric cell will operate within a range of 40 feet# (DLC) 2237* Citizens with sand foiled big air raid on London NEWS CHRONICLS~TLondorT) 1941, January 13, No* 29, 543 f p. 6 Explains how thousands of volunteers with sand defeated a large scale attempt to fire the city of London by fire bombs* Many fires prevented by neutralizing the bomb before it ex- ploded# (DLC) 2238* Detecting incendiary bombs ELECTRICAL REVIEW (London) 1941, February 28, Vol* 128, No* 5301, p* 412 Methods of detecting incendiary bombs are mainly based on the various actions of the bombs* The detectors are made to detect impact and light or fire* In the former, the device consists of a hemp net, held under the roof on springs attached to the net, at intervals arc cords terminating in metal rings passing through metal eyes; when impact is made the net depresses, making contact, which rings an electric bell* Detectors indicating fire and heat can often be made to operate fire extinguishing devices as well as signals*(DLC) 47 BOMBS, INCENDIARY 2239# Detecting incendiary bombs on roofs INDIA-RUBBER JOURNAL TEondonJ 1940, October 5, Vol# C# No# 14 Discussion of a new device originated by the St# Dunstan’s Stores in Ragland St#fLondon, for the ready detection of the fall of incendiary bombs or other bombs on the upper storeys while they have been evacuated by the usual staff during a raid# (DLC) 2240# Devices for the detection of incendiary bombs GAS”JOURNAL "(London) ? 1941, March 5, Vol# 233, No. 4059, p. 419 The I#E.E# points out that there are several different principles on which the detection system can Operate such as the impact of the bomb as it hits the roof, or other obstructions, the sound caused by the arrival of the bomb, or the light emitted by the bomb# Detectors working on each of those principles are possible, and in some cases commercial systems suitable for detecting incendiary bomb fires are available# (DLC) 2241# Devioos for the detection of incendiary bombs In Institution of Municipal and County Engineers# Journal# (London) 1941, April 1, Vol# 67, No# 2, p# 16 Several devices for preventing the development of fires caused by incendiary bombs have boon employed by the Insti- tution of Electrical Engineers# A description of one device has already been published# (DLC) 2242* Pozharnoe vodosnabzhenie v usloviakh F/O (water supply for fires _in relation to ARP)~” Parkulano, N# VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSBNOI OBORONY (Moscow) 1937, No# 8, pp# 30-31 The author stresses the importance of adequate water supply in ARP services and its various uses# (DLC) 48 BOMBS, INCENDIARY 2243« Rabota protivo-pozharnykh podrazdelenii na Objekte (The work "of'"ARP fire*"brigade sections in an industrial establishment) Voronin, A« VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSENOI 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1937, No* 11-12, pp* 63-65 A detailed description of duties of a factory fire brigade section of ARP* (DLC) 2244* Fire bomb fighting tTME AND TIDE (London) 1941, March 29, Vol* 22, No* 13, p* 258 Article by Mr® Herbert Morrison concerning the national effort being made to secure sufficient man power and adequate material for decreasing destruction from fire bombs* (DLC) 2245* Fire bomb protection Gatward, M« W« THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1941, May 16, Vol* 128, No« 3326, p, 560 To resist penetration by impact roofs may be covered with a wire mesh suspended by springs so that it acts as a yielding surface, the recoil throwing the incendiary clear of the building© (DLC) 2246« Fire from the skys bombing of London and Bremen heightens war of incendiaries® " NEWSWEEK (New York ) 1941, January 13, Vol® 17, p* 25, illus« Notes London*s anti-incendiary precautions« (DLC) 2247# German incendiary bombs TIE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS (London) 1941, March, Vol® 198, No0 5315, p* 2Sly illus« The incendiary bomb used by the Germans, type 1 Kilo. (2*205 lb) is 39 in® long and. contains 36 incendiaries There are two types, one operated by electricity and the 49 BOMBS, INCENDIARY other operated by clockwork* When the container is loaded it weighs 42 kilos, and the Dornier !,Do 173” contains 720 incendiary b omb s . (DLC) 2248® How to fire-fight THE SKETCH (London) 1941, January 22, Yol® CXCIII, No® 2504, p. 102 Illustration of an "invention for effectively dealing with incendiary bombs"«®®o®.(DLC)„ 2249* Incendiary bomb detector TEE .ARCHITECT AND BUILDING NEWS (London) 1941, May 9, Vol0 CLXYI, No. 3777, p. 87 Fire watchers and fire fighters can wait in a safety zone and yet be infromed instantly where an incendiary bomb has fallen, by using a working system of "Ultra" firs and incendiary bomb detectors® The main principle employed is that of the photo-electric cell so that the detector is operated by light® (DLC) f 2250® Incendiary sabotage pencil produces intense flame POPULAR MECHANICS MAGAZINE (Chicago) t 1941, August Yol* 76*, No® 2, p® 30 Incendiary bombs, made up like fountain pons, are receiving attention of law enforcement officials in connection with national defense problems® Those pencils produce flames hot •enough to burn through steel and are used in sabotaging ■ Europe-bound cargoes® (DLC) 2251, A London transport driver loading up with a sandbag before . leaving* the depot® ' . *" THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1941, February 13,*Vol® LXXXIX, No. 2843, p. 62 Sacks of sand are carried on public service transport vehicle.s to enable drivers, conductors and women conductors to deal with any incendiary bombs they may encounter on their routes® (DLC) 50 BOMBS INCENDIARY 2252# Morrison starts new drive to beat the German fire bombs tes CHRONICLE (London) 1941, January 14, No# 29, 544, p# 6 Explanation of the intensification of the drive in Britain to decrease destruction by fire bombs# Details of the campaign are outlined# (DLC) 2253# Odd snuffers smother incendiary bombs POPULAR SCIENCE (New York) 1940, November Vol# 137, No# 5, p# 67, illus# Snuffers for incendiary bombs are among the latest inventions for air raid defense# Shaped like inverted bowls and formed of asbestos sprayed over a wire-mesh foundation, the snuffers are attached to the ends of long poles by means of easily disengaged hooks# Dropped over blazing fragments the asbestos bowls are designed to snuff out the blazing chemicals and prevent the spread of fire# (DLC ) " 2254# Protection against incendiary bombs THE MINING WORLD AND ENGINEERING RECORD (London) 1941, February 1, Vol# CXL, No# 3644, p# 74 A special method of fighting fire caused by the thermite- electron metal incendiary bomb has been developed by the Nuswift Engineering Co# of Elland# A mixture of inorganic salts is brought to play upon incandescent bombs, thus extinguishing the incendiary in 20-25 seconds# (DLC) 2255# Protection against incendiary bombs? notable new discovery THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) ' ‘ 1940, October 4, Vol# 49, No# 2488, p# 1268 A new method of extinguishing incendiary bombs developed by the Nuswift Engineering Co# Ltd#, of Elland (Yorkshire)# The new principle employs a mixture of inorganic salts# Details of the process# (DLC) 2256# Reducing; risk of fire bomb effects on roofs tomes ijsndTO) 1940, November 1, Vol# 49, No# 2492, p# 1388 (DLC) 51 BOMBS, INCENDIARY 2257* Specifications for detectors THE ELECTRICAL REVIEW (London) 1941, February 28, Vol. 128, No. 3301, p. 412 British Standard Specifications for the detection of incendiary bomb fires by heat-sensitive devices have been issued. Three recognizable forms are described: (l) when the rate of rise of temperature exceeds a pre- determined limit, an electric bell rings, (2) the detector operates only when a predetermined temperature is reached, independent of the rate of rise, e.g. by simple thermostats or by contact of two elements due to the meeting of an alloy or the expansion of a liquid, (3) the melting of an alloy interrupts a closed circuit. The alarm must be battery operated to give a continuous audible signal. (DLC) 2258. Vidy zazhigatel’nykh aviabomb i bor’ba s nimi (Types of incendiary bombs and defense against them) Voronin, A. VESTNIK PR0TIV0V0ZDUSHN0I 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1937, No. 10, pp. 23-27 Description of all types of incendiary bombs and how to fight the fires caused by them. (DLC) BOOK REVIEWS 2259. Air raid shelters, design, equipment and cost THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1938, October, Vol. CXXIII, No. 3192, p. 1128 "The report on the design, equipment and cost of air raid; shelters’, which the Association of Architects, Surveyors, and Technical Assistants first published in July, has now been issued in a second edition which coordinates all existing information in this and other countries. It comprises four main sections, fully illustrated with draw- ings and photos on aerial bombardment, surface shelters, trenches, shelters in buildings and. tunnel shelters." (DLC) 226°. ARP THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1938, October, 7, Vol. 1232, No. 3190, p. 1004 "The ABC of ARP" is an illustrated booklet, a pictorial guide to precautionary measures. (DLC) 52 BOOK REVIEWS 2261. ARP and all that THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1941, January 10, Vol, 49, No. 2502, p. 34 "ARP and all that" by C. Kent Wright, town clerk of Stoke Newington, England, A collection of tales describing the lighter side of the services engaged in Civil Defenses (illustrated by Eve Sheldon Williams). (DLC) 2262, ARP handbook No, £ THE ARCHITECT AND BUILDING NEWS (London) 1939, June 23, Vol. 158, No. 3679, pp. 316-318. Tables This article is a review of ARP Handbook No, 5 which covers such items as ballistics; high explosives; types of bombs; effects of bombs; blast; penetration; impact; fragmenta- tion; cratering; bomb proof shelters; concrete require- ments; unit size entrances; division walls; ventilation; fire; roofs;' inherent resistance; etc. (DLC) 2263. ARP picture guide for householders THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AMD BUILDER (London) 1938, October, Vol. CXXIII, No. 3190, p. 1004 This is a pictured pamphlet, which includes instructions on how to use a gas mask and gas proof a room, the con- struction of a garden trench shelter,.and,the necessary measures to take against explosions and incendiary bombs. (DLC) 2264. ARP publications In Royal Institute of British Architects. Journal. (London) 1939, June 12, Vol. 46, Mo. 15, p. 795 Criticisms of a short review contained in the book "Planned ARP". An explanation is given of the content, in this letter covering the scope of the Tecton Book from L. Drake on behalf of Tecton to the Editor, Journal R.I.B.A. (DLC) 2265. nDefeating the bomber" THE ENGINEERTLondon) 1941, May 30, Vol. CLXXI, No. 4455, p. 355 This book "Defeating the Bomber" written by G. H. E. Wim- pers for the benefit of lay inventors, who flood the de- fense department with suggestions as to how to counter 53 BOOK REVIEWS bombing attacks, contains a general survey of bombing and an analysis of the problems which bombing presents. (DEC) 2266, Detecting incendiary bombs THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1941, March 13, Vol. 89, No. 2848, p. 97- A memorandum on British Standard Specifications concerning devices for detection of incendiary bombs, the purpose being to eliminate loss of time in discovering fire in the absence of smoke or flame, the detectors being of a heat- sensitive type. (DLC) 2267. Domestic war (Some experiences of an air raid warden) Strachey, John THE SPECTATOR (London) 1941, March 28, No. 5883, p. 348 The aspects of the air raids over Britain viewed by a warden who has been in active ARP service since the begin- ning of the war; his personal experience. (DLC) 2268, Economy and order in building equipment specification In Royal Institute of British Architects. Journal. (London) 1941, January 13, Vol. 48, No. 3, P» 45 "A schedule of requirements in wartime building supplies for government departments", issued by the Ministry of Works and Buildings, H.M.S.O., is a useful publication. The schedule consists of a large list of building equip- ment, containing many items. A description is given of each item. Additional notes under three headings, to ascertain whether the items will be used and. kind of specifications to be allowed in (a) permanent buildings, (b) semi-permanent and (c) temporary buildings, (DLC) 2269. Haldane on ARP. Danielli, J. F. THE SCIENTIFIC WORKER (London) 1939, February, Vol. XI, No. 1, p. 10 The author highly commends and recommends Mr. Haldane’s book on ARP. He gives a survey and describes the informa- tion contained in the book. Types of protection are classed in two groups (l) those which keep bombers away. 54 BOOK REVIEWS (2) those which restrict the damage done by bombs. Also many types of protection against bombs, i.e. (l) trenches, (2) splinter proof shelters, (3) shelters proof against direct hit, (4) evacuation, etc. (DLC) 2270. New ideas on protection THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, May 12, Vol. 48, No. 2415, p. 1082 Notes publication of a technical paper by 0. N. Arup under the title "Design, Construction, Cost and Relative Safety of Trench, Surface, Bomb-proof and other Shelters." (DLC) 2271. Planned ARP THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, June 9, Vol. 48, No. 2419, p. 1310 Brief note on publication of the book "Planned ARP" by Tecton Architects (The Architectural Press, 5s). "Describes in a most informative way the investigation of structural protection against air attack in the Metropolitan Borough of Finsbury, and the scheme submitted by the authors, which has raised country-wide interest." (DLC) 2272. "Protivovozdushnaia oborona i protivo-khimicheskaia zashchita na zh.d.transporte" I ARP and anti-gas defense on railroads) Kuznetsov, M. N. 1938. Moscow, Transzheldorizdat (Railroad Transport Publishing Co.) The reviewer points out the many shortcomings of this book, e.g., according to the author of the book, semaphores need not be camouflaged because their lights are not seen from above; the reviewer disagrees and suggests camouflage. The author recommends blue lights; the book reviewer inquires how the railroad worker will know which light is correct since they are all of one (blue) color. In the book it is suggested that the front and rear ends of trains be lighted by blue lights, a procedure which, in the opinion of the reviewer, is unthinkable, Many other such examples may be cited. The reviewer ends by insisting that the book be immediately withdrawn from circulation, and calls for a book which will give clear guidance to railroad workers in organiz- ing and mastering ARP services. (DLC) 55 BOOK REVIEWS 2273» Public assistance and ARP THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, October 20, Vol, 48, No, 2438, P» 2234 How ARP affects public assistance work illustrated in memorandum presented to Portsmouth City Council by Public Assistance Officer, A, Scott Garnham, General ARP work at Portsmouth is covered. (DLC) 2274. A review of camouflage literature THE MARINE CORPS GAZETTE (Washington, D, 1941, March, Vol, 25, No, 1, p. 21 Outlines the contents of the publication "Provisional technical instructions on camouflage," a pamphlet of 89 pages that covers the entire technical field of camouflage. Published by Charles Lavauzelles and Co, Military Editors, Paris, France. Translated from the French, (DLC) 2275. Road transport in wartime THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1939, October 7, Vol, LXXXVI, No. 2756, p. 186 A review of the book "Road Transport in Wartime" by L. G, White, It is of vital interest to all owners and operators of commercial motor vehicles, as it deals in a concise fashion with the emergency organization of road transport. It will do much to assist operators, group organizers, and others engaged in transport. (DLC) 2276. Sobaka-khimjcheskii razvedchik (The dog as a chemical reconnoiterer Solovei, A, VESTNIK PR0TIV0V02DUSHN0I 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1937, No. 4, PP. 64-66, illus. An abstract of the book "Animals and Chemical Warfare" by the German writer Richtersi. (DLC) 2277. The spotters handbook Chichester, Francis FLIGHT (London) 1941, February 6, Vol. XXXIX, No. 1676, p. 112 Roof spotting an important matter and. is rapidly developing 56 BOOK REVIEWS into an exact science. The spotter has great responsibili- ties; upon his efficiency depend the lives of the workers beneath his roof. Identification of friend and foe is im- portant. He should not be burdened with any more technicali- ties of aircraft than are necessary. Spotters should not be employed by the factory for which they are spotting. (DLC) 2278, Structural air raid precautions In Royal Institute of British Architects. Journal. (London) 1939, September 18, Vol. 46, No. 19, p. 965 "Structural air raid precautions" an annotated, selected list of official publications dealing with "Legal Documents, Explanatory Documents, ARP research data. Air Raid Shelter Policy, Domestic Shelters and other publications and stand- ard specifications." Architects are advised to obtain all of these which are still available. (DLC) 2279. Trade and publications THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, June 2, Vol. 1242, No. 3224, p. 1470 A new trade magazine "The Journal of the Insulating, Build- ing and Hardboard Industry" published by R. F. White and Son, Ltd., 72-68 Fleet St.,London, E. C. H. (DLC) 2280. Trade publications THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, July 7, Vol. 125, No. 3229, p. 38 "ARP Blackout," a pamphlet published by Thomas Trench and Sons Ltd., Chester Road Mills, Manchester, 15. (DLC) 2281, Trade publications THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, July 21, Vol. 125, Wo. 3231, p. 162 "Asbestos Wood No, 6," a booklet, published by Tumsers Asbestos Cement Park, Manchester. Deals with the problem of safeguarding buildings from incendiary bombs, (DLC) 57 BRIDGES, See PUBLIC ROADS AMD BRIDGES BUILDINGS, PROTECTION OF. See also SANDBAGGING 2282, Air raid damage to churches THE BUILDER (London! 1951, January 2U, Vol. CLX, No, 5H2, p. IOI4. Air raids may do serious damage to many churches and other ecclesiastical buildings. Urgent need of a wide-spread organization which would guard against irreparable harm being done to structures that might be skillfully preserved. The work of the demolition squads and repair organizations should be guided and supervised by architects who have the necessary knowledge and experience, (DLC) 2283. Das krankenhaus im luftschütz (The hospital in air raid defense) ZEITSCHRIFT FUR DAS GESAMTE KRANKEMHAUSWESEN (Berlin) 193U, December, No, 25, pp, 580-586 The protection of patients and personnel against gas bombs and splinter bombs. Protection of the building against out- breaks of fires; arrangements for minimum lighting; provisions for ample water supply. Preparation for first aid for those wounded and gassed, (DSC) 228łu External ARP protection of buildings; alternatives to sand- bagging, THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, December 29, Vol. 1+8, No, 2hh&a p* 2558, illus. Sand filling between timber boardings, brick walls 13y in. thick or revetments of hollow pre-cast concrete blocks are the methods suggested as substitutes for sand- bagging, (DLC) 58 BUILDINGS, PROTECTION OF 2285. Hollow blocks THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER' (London) 1940, February 23, Vol. 126, No. 3262, p. 265 Hollow cement blocks are suggested in place of sandbags and not considered so dangerous. (DLC) 2286, Novala sistema zashchity ot aerobomb (New method of defense against air bombs) NAUKA I TEKHNIKA (Leningrad) 1939, July, No. 14, (660) p. 15 Two methods of defense against air attacks were recently tested in England, according to a news item appearing in the "Colliery Guardian", in 1939 (number of issue not given). The first is the use of balls made of concrete placed in pyramids on roofs of buildings acting as a deflecting device. The concrete balls were approximately 40-50 centimeters in diameter, weighing anywhere from 57 to 94 kilograms. The design of the pyramid when placed on the roof followed the general lines of the building.’ As a control, a model five storey building was erected; bombs were dropped first on the building with the concrete pyramid. The projectiles used were of the same size and weight; they were hoisted to a height of 30 meters and dropped by a special disconnecting switch. The experiments showed that the pyramid of concrete balls cushioned the shock to a considerable degree. The second experiment was with portable shelters of a bell-shaped type. These portable shelters were tested under conditions of crumbling walls, and the dropping of stone fend bricks. According to the authors most of the shelters were not seriously damaged. (DLC) 228?. Preservation of historic buildings THE BUILDER (London) 1941, March, Vol. CXL, No. 5518, p. 241 Architects are being appointed by the Ministry of works to take over the work of treatment of historic buildings after air raids, "Valuable fragments and fittings, such as panel- ling, fire-places and carved beams should be saved as quickly as rescue work has been completed." (DLC) 2288. Protection of buildings against fire THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London)“ 1941, March 14, Vol. 49, No. 2511, p. 311 Protection of property against fire, particularly against 59 BUILDINGS, PROTECTION OF fires caused by incendiary bombs. Drainage pumps for all buildings with tanked basements. (DLC) BUILDINGS, WARTIME. See also RECONSTRUCTION 22B9. Air raid damage as builders see it Castle, Sydney E. THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1941, March 7, Vol, CXXVIII, No. 3316, p. 202-263 The author is convinced that the distinction between good and bad building in the case of a direct hit is negligible. That the effect of air raid damage depends entirely on the impact depth or level reached before the explosive force begins and the upward force creates air displacement and its reaction. (DLC) 2290, Part 1. Arch construction without centering. Part 2. Further designs for hut type buildings. (War time building bulletin 6) ’ Great Britain, Department of Scientific & Industrial Research 1940? London, H. M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y. l/- 30£) 2291. Aspects of ARP getting ready Foster, Thomas THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1938, October, Vol. CEXIII, No. 3192, p. 1126 The author sums up his observations concerning permanent ARP in the following lines: "Whether or not we have realized the fact, ARP is now a permanent part of any national life, and a matter which will eventually engage much of the build- ing industry’s attention. Sooner or later there will be a series of ARP building by-laws, which will be adopted by every local authority, and we shall all have to know some- thing about them." (DLC) 60 BUILDINGS, WARTIME 2292. Bombproof power plants for Europe's chemical industries In Franklin Institute. Journal. (Philadelphia) 1937, Vol, 224, No. 6, p. 766 Some power stations being built in Europe will be tunneled through solid rock, requiring very little space, due to the small size of the Veloz steam generator used. The oil tanks which generate 2,000,000 K.W. hrs. are sufficient for six to seven days service. A possibility of existing plants being put out of operation by hostile action resulted in designs being prepared for stand-by plants. (DLC) 2293« Building technique in wartime In Royal Institute of British Architects. Journal. (London) 1940, May 20, Vol. 47, No. 7, p. 163 Much interest is caused by the problems due to shortage of certain buildings materials on account of the war. Unless substitutes can be supplied, the problem becomes urgent. Scientists, also architects become stimulated by thinking out "new problems and discarding out-worn methods and dead traditions of a period of complacency and inertia”. Re- search work is done on alternative materials and methods of construction, particularly in connection with the ARP section of the Ministry of Horae Security. (DLC) 2294« Building to meet evacuees1 needs THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, October 27, Vol. 48, No. 2439, p. 2255. Report of the Association of Architects, Surveyors and Technical Assistants on the government's evacuation scheme. Proposals for better use of existing buildings; need for new buildings. (DLC) 61 BUILDINGS, WARTIME 2295. A design for a wartime house In Royal Institute of British Architects. Journal. (London) 1941, February 10, Vol. 48, No. 4, p. 57-58, illus., plans. A description of Mr. Egon Riss’ design of a wartime house, (DLC) 2296. Free testing service for war materials offered by Calaveras CONCRETE (Cement Mills Edition) (Chicago) 1941, February 10, Vol. 49, No, 2, p. 120 San Francisco manufacturing plant starts campaign to en- courage development of deposits of war minerals. Free test- ing services offered by one concrete supply firm, (DPR) 2297. Some engineering aspects of air raid precautions Blake, J,J. In Institution of Civil Engineers of Ireland. Transactions, (Dub- lin) 1940, November - 1941, May, Vol. 6?, pp. 145-147, table This is an article dealing primarily with the problems con- fronting the engineer. He must not only consider structural and personnel protection but he is responsible for the con- tinued service of gas, water, electric light power, drainage and transport services. He must replace docks, wharves, bridges, canal locks, etc. damaged by air raids. A discussion of splinter proof shelters. A table of calculations of the thickness of material required against penetration and explo- sion. However these calculations are not recommended by the author for protection against a 500 lb. G.P. bomb. Specifica- tions are given for lateral protection and overhead protec- tion. (dlcO 229B. Structural air raid precautions In Royal Institute of British Architects. Journal. (London) 1939, May 8, Vol. 46, p. 661 The first articles on existing buildings are documents authoritatively published by the ARP Committee of the R.I.B.A. Four listed items given describing the contents of the documents: (l) a general note on the present position in respect to legal requirements, etc.# (2) Part 1 of the Building Code attached to the Civil Defense Bill, (3) a gener- al article on measures to be adopted on existing buildings, 62 BUILDINGS, WARTIME (4) a list of official publications already published or to be published shortly. (DLC) 2299. Structural steels, economical designs for factories THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1940, May 17, Vol. CXXVI, No. 3274, p. 640 A short item stressing the importance of ARP considerations in wartime building. There are two factors to be considered: (l) to minimize the damage likely to be caused by a direct hit; (2) to find a satisfactory solution of the problem of day-light illumination and of blackout, together with means for minimizing the damage likely to be caused to glazing from the blast of a bomb exploding in the vicinity. (DLC) 2300, Wartime building Fitzmaurice, R. In Royal Institute of British Architects. Journal, (London) 1940, June 17, Vol. 47, No. 8, p. 187 In this lecture given by Kr. R. Fitzmaurice there is a list of important items on the building program. Also a number of lines of approach to the problem of the suspended floor and roof, M(l) The vault. (2) Trusses, beams and slabs; (a) all-steel construction (b) reinforced concrete construction.” (DLC) 2301. Wartime building industry THE ENGINEER (London) 1941, June 20, Vol. GLXX, No. 4458, p. 403 A short article indicating the effort made by the building and civil engineering industries to increase the output of aerodromes, defense works, emergency hospitals and hostels along with repairs to buildings. (DLC) 2302. Wart Lnie building practice Butler, R. Cotterell THE BUILDER (London) 1941, April 18, Vol. 160, No. 5124, p. 380 A comparative summary of emergency structural systems with notes on provisional building, insulation, and fittings and fitments. (DLC) 63 BUILDINGS, WARTIME 2303. Wartime building technique Lucas,Edgar THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AID BUILDER (London) 1940, October 4, Yol. 127, No. 3294, p. 374 Pilkington Bros. Ltd. have prepared a tabic as the result of tests'made with unprotected glass, using various sizes of glass, at different distances. The thicker the glass the better the resistance. (DLC) 2304. Wartime building technique Lucas,Edgar THE ILLUSTRATED CARPTENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1941, May 23, Yol. 128, No. 3327, pp. 578-583 (A continued article on self supporting scaffolds.) (DLC) 2305. Wartime building technique - obscuration shutters Lucas,Edgar THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1941, March 21, Yol. CZXYXII, No. 3318, pp. 324-326, illus., diagrs• There are three main types of external roof light shutters; (1) hinged to open at right angles to the glass and so admit daylight through the whole of the glass, although there may be some loss through '‘shadow” effects, (2) hinged at the foot to open against the opposite slope of the roof, and so admit daylight through the whole of the glass, (3) sliding laterally and admitting daylight through a portion of the glass - the exact proportion depending on the design of the particular shutter. (DLC) 2306. Wartime housing development in Scotland. THE GUILDER (London) " 1941, April 25, Yol. CLX, No. 5125, p. 408 Many designs for types of houses now being erected by the Scottish Special Housing Association for wartime needs are prepared by Mr. Bunton. The scheme consists of 372 houses; a large portion of these are built with concrete walls. 64 BUILDINGS, WARTIME floors, roofs, and staircases. Maximum amount of standardization in construction and optimum economy in materials allowed. (DLC) BUSINESS, See COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY CAMOUFLAGE 2307. The art of camouflage Fuqua, 0. NEWSWEEK (New York) I94O, January 20, Vol. 16, p. 28, illus. Outlines some of the usages current in the World War and in the Spanish Civil War. (DLG) 2308. Camouflage follows law of the .jungle GEOGRAPHIC NEWS BULLETIN (Washington, D. C.) 1911, March 3, Vol. 20, No. 2 "Camouflage has become the grim art of applying deceptive make-up to the face of the earth, and man has taken a tip from the animals, so that protective coloration is no longer limited to the animal kingdom," The art of . camouflage, in addition to blurring the outlines of gun emplacements or ships also attempts to hide geographical features, such as clearings in forests, military objectives and factories, and is known to have been used as far back as the 1th century B.C. (DLG) 2309. Dymovye zavesy (Smoke screens) 1927, Moscow, Gosvoenizdat (Government Military Publishing. Company. (DLC) 2310. Maskirovka (Camouflage) Didenko, A. 1928, Moscow, Gosvoenizdat (Government Military Publishing Company). 65 CAMOUFLAGE 2311. Maskirovka (Camouflage) Skliar, L. and Evdokimov, D. 1924« Moscow, Gosvoenizdat (Government Military Publishing Company), 2312. Maskirovka i ee primenenle (Camouflage and its application) Halevsky, A. 1928. Moscow, Gosvoenizdat (Government Military Publishing Company). 2313. Maskirovka konnitsy (Camouflage of cavalry) Zatonski, M. 1925. Moscow, Gosvoenizdat (Government Military Publishing Company). 2314. Maskirovka na zapade (sbornik) (Camouflage in the west, a symposium) 1924. Moscow, Gosvoenizdat (Government Military Publishing Company). 2315. Maskirovka postoiannykh sooruzhenii (Camouflage of permanent construction) Skliar, L. 1932. Moscow, Gosvoenizdat (Government Military Publishing Company). 2316. ' Maskirovochnyi manevr, R.K.K.A. (Camouflage maneuvers of the Red Army) 1924. Moscow, Gosvoenizdat ('Government Military Publishing Company). 2317. Modern camouflage THE MM CORPS ’GAZETTE (Washington, D. G.) 1941, March, Vol. 25, No. 1, p. 5 Phases and methods of military camouflage. Many of the 66 CAMOUFLAGE methods outlined may he applied to activities of Civil Defense against air raids, especially where large groups of persons might he concentrated in one place, (DLC) 2318, Takticheskoe primenenie maskirovki (Tactical application of Camouflage’) Didenko, A* 1925, Moscow, Gosvoenizdat (Government Military Publishing Company,) 2319. War’s inventions. (The art of camouflage) TITS OBSERVER (London) ~~ 1941, April 20, No, 7821, p, 3 Unveiled mysteries of a, craft which remained a mystery until 1941; knowledge of civil camouflage necessary for authorities responsible for factories and public works, (DLC) CAMOUFLAGE, ARCHITECTURAL 2320* Camouflage BITS'IUDGS" (London) 1941, January, Yol* LEXI, No* 1, p, 26 The voluntary camouflage of industrial buildings is officially encouraged. Executives find, however, that because of exposure to weather, most forms of camouflage are effective for only a few months. Camouflage is therefore a recurrent expense. The necessary paint, distemper, etc., often cannot be obtained in sufficient quantity. Suggestions from readers on this problem would be appreciated on this point of camouflage. (DLC) 2.3£1. Camouflage and the painter TEE D BUILDER (London) 1939, September 1, Vol* CXXV, No* 3237, p, 2 Camouflage in former times was usually the "dazzle painting of ships and the concealment of the movement» and activities 67 CAMOUFLAGE, ARCHITECTURAL of troops and their equipment and supplies; today, factories, buildings in industrial centers, roads, yards, lights from windows and roofs are all painted with a special type of paint as an aid to camouflage» (DLC) 2322. Camouflage in nature and war Cott, Hugh B. In Royal Institute of British Architects. Journal.(London) 1940, July 15, Vol. 47, No. 9. p. 218 This book is considered a fundamental textbook containing lessons for architects interested in camouflage. (DLC) 2323. Camouflage or large installations. Handbook No. 11 THE SURVEYOR (London") 1939, July 21, Vol. XCVI, No. 2478, p, 62, illus. An ARP handbook stressing camouflage methods in designing factories and other important buildings. Füll details as to guiding principles and suitable materials given, with the whole purpose to avert or arrest hostile attack from the air. (DPR) 2324. Disguising shelters THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, February 24, Vol. CXXIV, No. 3210, p. 494 A demonstration was given at Knap Hill, Surrey to show how air raid shelters may be disguised under lawns and rose gardens, concealing their entrances.(DLC) 2325• In the news THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, June 2, Vol. 1242, No. 3224, p. 1436 The Home Office ARP department under the direction of Dr. R, E. Stradling is mapping out a campaign specializing in camouflage. The study is conducted at the Building Research Station. (DLC) 68 CAMOUFLAGE, ARCHITECTURAL 2326# More wartime building bulletinsi The centerless arch In jloyal Institute of 'Britisli ArchrTects • JournaT7 (London) T940, July 15, Vol# 47, No# 9, p. 217 A description is given of the three additional bulletins showing the improvements made over Bulletin No* 1# Deals particularly with new designs which bear upon the problem of camouflage# (DLC) 2327# Opyt svetomaskirovki gospital’el (Experiment in lighting camouflage of liospitals ) Vaniushkin, N# Z. VOENNO - SANITARNOE DELO (Moscow) 1940,. No# 5, pp# 98-100# 2328# Svetomaskirovka zhilogo dona (Lighting camouflage of a dwelling) Zengin, M. E, KOMMUNAL1 NOE STROITELLSTVO (Moscow) 1940, No, 2, pp# 2-5 ✓"A y 2329« Svetovaia maskirovka mediko-sanitarnykh uchrezhdenii (Lighting camouflage "of1 medical' establishments") Levitan, V# Y3STNIK PROTIYÖVOZDUSHNo'l OBORONY (Moscow) 1939, No» 1, pp• 52-55 It is the author’s contention that the usual methods of lighting camouflage in hospitals (blue lights, screens and curtains) are often deficient because: (a) screens and curtains are not always reliable; (b) dust and dirt make them a health hazard; and (c) they are expensive# Wherever such conditions exists the author suggests that skylights and other glass apertures bo painted over with a solution of chalk and blueirg# The paint can be removed easily and costs very little# It is also reconnended for industrial establishments# The editors of the magazine comment that Dr. Levitan’s suggestion is applicable only in secondary rooms because in such places as the operating rooms or wards the lights are placed very high and could be seen through the paint# (DLC) 69 CAMOUFLAGE - ARTILLERY 2330. Camouflage for artillery Wilson, Lt. A. E. THE COAST ARTILLERY JOURNAL (Washington,D.C.) 1929, January, Vol. 70, No. 1, p. 63 A Technical discussion of the art of artillery camouflage Stresses certain important points in this work.(DLC) 2331. Maskirovka artillerii (Camouflage of artillery) Skliar, L. I925, Moscow, Gosvoenizdat (Government Military Publishing Company). CAMOUFLAGE - AVIATION 2332. Maskirovka aerodroinov (Camouflage of airdromes) Burche, E. and Shcheglov, D. 1926, Moscow, Gosvoenizdat (Government Military Publishing Company). 2333. Heavy bombs THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS (London) 1941, February, Vol. 198, No. 5313, p. 202, illus. At El Adem Aerodrome, the enemy of Great Britain left heavy bombs camouflage, under leaves and branches. (DLC) 2334» Maskirovka letatel1nykh apparatov y vozdukhe (Camouflage) of flying machines in the air) Burche, E. and Vorob*ev-Moskvin, N. 1928, Moscow, Gosvoenizdat (Government Military Publishing Company), (DLC) 2335. Maskirovka obłektov voennykh vozdushnykh sil (Camouflage of objectives of military air forces, 1st edition) Burche, E. 1931, Moscow, Gosvoenizdat (Government Military Publishing Company). 70 CAMOUFLAGE - AVIATION 2336. Maskirovka postoiannykh aerodromov (Camouflage of permanent airfields)* A review by J. P. of an article appearing in the Polish journal Przegląd Letniczy No. 1, 1936 VESTWIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBORONY (Moscow) 1937, No. 1. pp. 45-48 The author of the original Polish article is of the opinion that victory of the enemyTs aviation will be achieved mainly by the destruction of airfields and air bases, and that the art of camouflage of these objectives is of paramount importance. The article (a summary of which appears in the Russian magazine listed above) discusses the various problems of camouflage under the following headings? (1) aspects and techniques of camouflage, (2) practical fulfillment of camouflage tasks, (3) the camouflage of hangars, (4) camouflage of roads leading to airfields, (5) camouflage of buildings other than hangars, i.e, meteorological station, gasoline storage, radio stations, (6) construction of false airfields and their camouflage, (7) organization of protective measures.(DLC) 2337. Oborona i maskirovka aerodromov (Defense and camouflage of air- drome s) Nagiba, GRAZ EDANS KAIA AVIATSIIA (Moscow) 1940, No. 6, pp. 22-23 2338. Vozdushnaia voina i voennaia maskirovka (Air warfare and military camouflage)”” Burche, E.F. 1938, Moscow, M. Redizdat TS*S# Osoaviakhima, SSSR, 128 A discussion of camouflage based on experiences in Spain and China, presented for popular consumption.(DLC) 2339. Vozdushnyi flot i voennaia maskirovka(The air force and military camouflageTJ ■ ■ Burche, E. 1931, Moscow, Gosvoenizdat (Government Military Publishing C ompany)« 71 CAMOUFLAGE - BIBLIOGRAPHY 2340. A review of camouflage literature Hill, W. P. T. THE MARINE CORPS GAZETTE (Washington, D.C.) 1941, March, Vol. 25, No. 1,'p. 5 The fourth of a series of articles giving highlights of available camouflage literature. (DLC) CAMOUFLAGE - DESIGNS AND MATERIALS 2341* An all-purpose camouflage net Rodgenko, Peter THE MILITARY ENGINEER (Washington, D.C.) 1941, March-April, Vol. 33, No. 188, p. 151 Recommendation is made for the adoption of an all-purpose unit camouflage net, which will be suitable for various camouflage purposes. Problems involved are stated and solutions suggested. (DLC) 2342. Camouflage, nature!s lesson THE TIMES LITERARY SUPPLEMENT (London) 1941, April 19, No. 2046, 40th year, p. 186 Reviews the art of camouflage by Lt. Col. C.H.R. Chessney with four chapters written by J. Huddlestone Hale. (DLC) 2343. Dekorativnaia maskirovka (Decorative camouflage ) Teplov, 3. and 'TSvetkov, A, 1923. Moscow, Gosvoenizdat (Government Military Publishing Company, 2344» Experiments in camouflage (Reprinted from the Military Engineer 1933, January-February, p. 78-79, inclusive) THE MARINE CORPS GAZETTE (Washington, D.C.) 1941, March, Vol. 25, No, 1, p. 60 The author recounts the results of experiments conducted in the 2nd corps area in 1932 to develop data on the detec- tion of artificial camouflage by use of color filters in aerial photography. (DLC) 72 CAMOUFLAGE - DESIGNS AND MATERIALS 23US• Maskirovka polevykh fortifikatsionnykh sooruzhenii (Camouflage of field fortifications) Teplov, B. and Kur’ianov, V. 1925, Moscow, Gosvoenizdat (Government Military Publishing Company), 23U6. Pigeons are bred with camouflage POPULAR SCIENCE (NeiFlörF) 19Ul, January, Vol, 138, No. 1, p. 8l, illus. It is possible to produce many plumage combinations by cross breeding. Camouflage pigeons are invisible to the gunners because of their mottled plumage. These specimens have been developed for emergency army communications, (DLC) 23U7• Soldiers in camouflage suits blend with trees or snow POPULAR MECHANICS MAGAZINE (Chicago! 19Ul, February, Vol, 75, No. 2, p. 208 The United States Army engineers have developed camouflage uniforms which blend snipers into trees, shrubbery or snow, and make detection by the enemy difficult. (DLC) 23h8.- Wire and burlap camouflage desert nest for gunners POPULAR SCIENCE (New York) ~ I9I+O, December, Vol. 137, No. 6, p. 9h British Bren-gun post serves both as protection and as camouflage. The circular post concealing the light, rapid- fire gun is made of piled sandbags covered with a spider web of cords on which shreds of burlap have been hung for concealment, (DLC) 23h9. Vertikal*nye maski (Vertical masks) Kur1ianov, V, 1927. Moscow, Gosvoenizdat (Government Military Publishing Company,) 73 CAMOUFLAGE, MARINE 2330» Maskirovka nadvodnykh korabl'el pri pomoshchi okraski (Camouflage of ships by painting) Levitin, I. MORSKO? SHORNIK (Moscow) 1939, No. 17-18, pp. 52-72. CAMOUFLAGE - RAILROADS 2351. Svetomaskirovka na zh.d. transports Anglii, Frantsii i Germanii (Lighting camouflage on railroads of England, France and Germany) Ozoling, 1.^ STANTSIONNYI RABOTNIK (Moscow) 19U0, No. 2, pp. 18-20. 2352, VOZDUSHNAIA RAZVEDKA i maskirovka zheleznykh dorog (Air reconnaissance and camouflage of railroads) Zhuravlev, N. STANTSIONNYI RABOTNIK (Moscow) 19U0, No. 6, pp. 20-22 CAMOUFLAGE - VEHICLES 23^3• Motor vehicles; Camouflage THE SOLICITORS JOURNAL (London) I9U0, August 17, Vol. 8I4, p. I482 Treatment of private vehicles to resemble camouflaged vehicles of armed forces is forbidden.(DLC) CANTEENS, See COMMUNAL FEEDING CASUALTIES 235U» Air raid casualties THE ECONOMIST (London) I9I4I, June 28, Vol. II4O, No. 5105, p. 850 Air raid casualty statistics show a decrease in the number 7U CASUALTIES of casualties, while the figures for destruction of property by raids is greater. The author explains that perhaps the explanation of this fact is the use of shelters. To further decrease the number of casualties dispersal of population is advised. (DLC) 2355. Air raid casualties in London THE LANCET (London)' 1939, May 6, Vol. CCXXXVI, Mo. 6036, p. 1069 A letter to the publisher by Mr, X commenting on the publication of the general plan of the sectors for dealing with air-raid casualties in London and also on the published article by T. Crome, R.E.W. Fisher and G.B. Shirlaw which outlined a short-term scheme differing sharply from the organization apparently being planned in the sectors. (DLC) 2356. Air raids on the home country THE SlGNALlLondon) 19U0, December, Vol. 19, No. 12, p. 30U "The Ministry of Shipping announces a scheme Y/hereby officers and seamen in the Merchant Navy are to be specially notified in the event of a near relative becoming a casualty as a result of air raids on this country" (DLC) 2357. Blackout road deaths Jump MEWS CHRONICLE (London) 19U1, April 26, No. 29, 631, p. U A report on the number of road deaths during blackout periods in Britain. During March 19U1, there were 83U people killed compared to U96 in March I9U0 • Other blackout deaths and pedestrian deaths also increased.(DLC) 235®* Casualties from air attacks on Britain In American Medical Association. Journal (Chicago) 1941, January 4, Vol. 116, No. 1, p. 65 Numerical analysis of air raid victims, including official 75 CASUALTIES figures for October (19U0). Risk insurance rates; private 1%, Government proposal 0.1$ (DSG) 2359» Casualty.organizations in air raids Crome, L. and Fisher, R. E. W. THE LANCET (London) 1939, March 18, Vol. 236, No. 6029, p. 655 Full description of a long-term and short-term policy during emergency with a set of general principles to be followed. (DLC) 2360. Casualty services in Barcelona THE lANCET (LondonT 1938, March 12, Vol. 23h, No. 5976, p. (DLC) 236l* Civil defense - air raid casualties; domiciliary medical attendance JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 19U1, March 1, Vol. 105, No. 9, p. 128 In exceptional cases, domiciliary attendance may be provided through first aid posts; in addition to hospitals as under earlier arrangements, (DLC) 2362. Envenenamiento por el monoxico de carbono producido per la explosion en espacios cerrados, d'e granadas, bombas minas (Carbon monoxide poisoning from detonation of H.E. shells, bombs, and mobile charges in closed places) REVISTA ESPANOLA DE MEDICINA (Barcelona) I9UO, July, Vol, 5, No. 23, pp. 52-55 Translation of a section in "War wounds and air raid casualties", Lewis, London, pp, 225-23t, May 30, 1939» (DSG) 2363. Experience gained in regard to air-raid casualty and hospital services PUBLIC HEALTH (London) 19U0, October, Vol. 5U* pp, 5-10. (DLC) 76 CASUALTIES 2364. Notification and identification of air raid casualties-London region JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1940, July 1, Vol. 104, p. 304 System planned for use at London mortuaries.(DLC) 2365. Notification of casualties JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1939, September 2, Vol. 103, No. 35, p. 591 The Minister of Health, in dealing with paragraph 2 of Emer- gency Medical Services Memorandum under which county medical officers should have regular information as to the number of vacant beds and the number of air raid casualties in each hospital within the area under their control, states that for this purpose it is necessary to provide a casualty bur- eau which will collect information daily, and make it avail- able to the Medical Officer of health and.the hospital officer.(DLC) 2366, Presumption of death from war operations THE LAW JOURNAL (London) 1941, March 29, Vol. XCI, No. 3294, p. 132 Coroner's inquiries as to deaths due to war operations; rules when body cannot be found; issuance of certificates when death believed to be result of war operations,(DLC) 236?. Reception of air raid casualties WAR MEDICINE (Chicago) 1941., March, Vol. 1, No. 2, p. 2?2 A review of procedure used in Great Britain in the present ■war for the reception and treatment of persons injured in air raięis. (From British Medical Journal, Aug. 31» 1940) '(DEC) 2368, Training, organisation and administration of civil defense casualty services. Shirlaw, G. B. 1940, London, p. 270, illus. diagrs.(DLC) 77 CASUALTIES 2369. The treatment of casualties (air raid precautions) BRITAIN TODAY (London) ’ I9U0, September 6, No, 36, p. 1 Outlines the Emergency Medical services which operate under the direction of the Ministry of Health, all a part of the Ministry of Home Security which furnished the original air raid precautions services, (DLC) 2370. Verluste durch luftangriffe in England (Casualties from air attacks in England) MEDIZINISCHE KLINIK (Berlin) 19U1, March 21, Vol. 37, No. 12, pp.305-306 A German version of the number of casualties due to aerial attacks suffered by England from January through October, 19U0. (d.sg) 2371* War deaths - relief from death duties THE LAW TI]'.®S**TLondonT 19h0, October 26, Vol, 190, No. 5091, pp. 21U-215 Under the Finance Act of I9I4O, "Property which passes both on the death of a person contemplated by the scheme of relief and subsequently on the death of another such person to whom the property passed on the earlier death is wholly exempted from death duties on the second death." For uhe purpose of this exemption both deaths must be due to causes arising during the period of the present emergency, (DLC) 2312» War wounds and air raid casualties BRITISH MEDICAL~JOURNAL (London) 1939, October, Vol. 2, No. 4109, p. 736 A comparative study of perils in the present war with those of previous wars. (DLC) 78 CHILDREN» See also EDUCATION; SCHOOLS 2373« Amusing the children TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, September 16, No. 1272 Suggested physical activities, games and books for entertain ing evacuated children. '(DLC) 2371;. Cambridge survey of evacuees TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) January 27, No. 1291, p. 27 London investigators survey the successes and failures among London children sent to Cambridge. (DLC) 2375» Child guidance service in wartime MENTAL HEALTH (London) 19l|0, July, Vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 76-80 Since the outbreak of war, women have been inspired with a desire to administer first aid, and do a little ARP in spare time. Gas masks and identity cards are much in evidence. Conclusion has been reached on evacuation problems. A list of suggestions and activities for children. (DLC) 2376, Child life protection TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, September 23, No. 1273, p. 382 Billeting and problems of health; child welfare; foster parents; insurance. (DLC) • Children in air raids TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) IpliO, June 2.9, No. 131.3, p. 2$k . Suggestions to teachers for guiding children during air raids. (DLC) 79 CHILDREN 2373» Children in the country TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, October 2.8, No. 1273, p. 1*20 The bright side of evacuation. Some of the permanent benefits to children. (DLC) 2379. Children in wartime and after THE LANCET (London! 1939, December 2., Vol. 237, No. 6066, p, 1177 In order to best understand growth, health, hygiene, and disease of children, the Minister of Health suggests the appointment of pediatricians to assist the general practitioners and public health authorities both during the war and after. (DLC) 2:330. Children who stayed behind raiatf"EDUCATIONAL 3tJFPLEMEKT (London) 1939, uctober 21, No. 1277, p. 1*13 problems created by the large number of children who were not evacuated. (DLC) 2:381. "Convoying"' children home TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, October 21, No. 1277, p. UlU Plan for escorting children to and from school. (DLC) 2332, Evacuated children attaining school leaving age JUSTICE OF THE PEACE”(London) 1939, December Z, Vol. 103, No. 1*8, p. 761 There seems to be:some misunderstanding in certain areas as to the action to be taken when an evacuated child who is attending an elementary school reaches the age of 1$ years. Children who reach this age while evacuated and whose parents desire them to remain at school may be allowed to do so and the Government billeting allowance will be continued to be paid for them, but if any child secures employment in a reception area and leaves school, the billeting allowance will be cut off. (DLC) 80 CHILDREN 2383. Evacuation and the Welsh child Aron, R, F. ... WORLD EDUCATION (Washington, D. C.) 19L0, November, Vol. 5, pp. 338-5LQ A summary of the findings of the University of Welles Guild of graduates; effects of the sudden influx of English children upon Welsh children; separate schools preferred; the shift system, (DLC) 233L. Evening schools may reopen TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, September 23, No, 1273, P* 381 Regulations and suggestions for opening and operating clubs and schools for boys and girls in evacuated areas. (DLC) 2339. Fares to visit evacuated children JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (LondonJT 19l|0, March 2, Vol. lOh', p. 123 Government arrangements to facilitate visits of parents to evacuated children. (DLC) 2386. Faults to avoid .in dispersal - TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 19U0, March 30,. No. 130Ö, p, ll6 ‘ .. Some recommendations for assuring the effectiveness of evacuation, particularly to aid the emotional child. (DLC) 2337. Glasgow curfew rejected THE, MUNICIPAL^JÜÜRNLL (London) 19L0, October 2>, Vol. k9, p, 1371 Glasgow decides not to impose curfew on children under 12 during the blackout. No.children have been killed there since the beginning of the war. (DLC) 2388. Growth of evacuated ..children- THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London) 19u0, December ll;, Vol. 61;, No, 2h, p, 199, graphs Improvement in physique and weight of children transferred from towns to rural districts. Comparative graphs on 81 CHILDREN expected growth and actual growth of 500 children. Com- parative observations of children who cam© from better class homes and schools. (DSC) 2389. Hostels for evacuated children JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) I9UO, May 25, Vol. 10li, p. 292 Suggestions on the establishment and operation of hostels for the older evacuated school children. (DLC) 2390. Juvenile courts and evacuated children JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1939, September 23, Vol. 103, No. 38, p. 621' There are many country areas where in normal times the juvenile court has little or nothing to do, and some of these courts may in these unusual days become busier than in the past. Broadly speaking the ordinary methods of dealing with boys and girls who are brought before the juve- nile court, as offenders or as needing care and protection are these: The child may be allowed to remain at home, if the parents are trustworthy, being placed at the same time under the supervision of a probation officer; or the child may be committed to the care of the local authority. It is clear that so far as evacuated children are concerned these alternative methods of treatment will not be so easy to apply as in normal times, (DLC) 2391. London children in reception areas TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT TTondon) 19Ü1, January 18, Vol. 31* No. 13U2, p. 26 Reports from the reception areas, South Wales, Monmouth- shire, Devon and Cornwall are as follows: children happily engaged in varied activities such as boot mending, dyeing, v/eaving, music, drama, etc.; 100 per cent full-time education throughout Cornwall; no overcrowded conditions existing; school equipment, books, desks, etc., sufficient to meet needs of children; ample supply of clothing and boots, (DLC) 82 CHILDREN 2392. Plays for evacuated children TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, September 9, No. 1270, p. 360 Scheme for presenting a number of productions specially designed to entertain and instruct evacuated children of school age. (DLC) 2393» La protection des enfants et la guerre chimique (The protection of children and chemical warfare) LE NOURISSON (Paris) 1939, November, Vol. 27, pp. 336-352, illus., diagrs. Some problems in providing protection from gas warfare for children between infancy and the teen ages; furnishing sacks and masks; problems of respiration, feeding, etc. Type and principles for sacks and mask. (DLC) 2394* Protection of children in time of war Watson, H. D. THE LANCET (London) • 1939, Vol. 236, No. 6025, p. 413. Plea for subscription to the "convention for the protection of children in the event of armed conflict", directed to all » . 'civilized governments. This convention is under the leader- ship of the National Red Cross Societies. (DLC) 2395» Some wartime psychological problems of children Newstatter, V/, Lindsey THE PRACTITIONER (London) 1941, May, Vol. CXLVI, No. 875* PP* 320-325 The problems or symptoms which a child may present can be roughly classified as "nervousness", temper, disobedience, anxiety; stealing and restless nights. Air raids have little effect on children providing the parents are not unduly nervous. The irregular existence of shelter life may effect children because of lack of sleep. (DSG) 2396. The war and the psychology of the child PEDAGOGICAL SEMINARY (Worcester) 1919, Vol. 26, pp. 356-364. Reasons for children’s keen interest in things military; 83 CHILDREN listening to discussions on war; playing at war; attempts to visualize real war scenqs; ,activities f, Sick children in reception areas THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London! 1939, November 3, Vol. 1*8, No. 2)4*0, p. 228£ The Minister .of Health, Mr. Eliot, outlines to a deputation of physicians the steps that are being taken to expand medical services in areas receiving evacuated children, (DLC) 21*16. ¥ art ime nur series THE ECONOMIST (London) I9UI, June, Vol. IliO, No. £103, 789 The decision of the government to bear the full cost of the wartime day nurseries provided by the local authorities for children under five. These nurseries may no?/ be set up in any type of area - "evacuation”, "neutral", or "reception", (DLC) CHILDREN - CLOTHING 2lłl7. Cloth! ng and footwear for evacuated children JUSTICE OF THE PHAGE (London) 19hl, February l£, Vol. 10£, p. 96 Provisions for children’s clothing and footwear a responsi- bility of the parent. Work of the Women’s Voluntary Ser- vices in providing free clothing for air raid victims. (DLC) 21-18. Cloth! ng evacuated school children THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL '(London; - 1939., November 1?, Vol. 18, No. 2i*I*2, p. 23£h A circular sent to local authorities by Minister of Health 38 CHILDREN - CLOTHING points out the responsibility of parents for providing the necessary clothes for evacuated children,(DLC) 2llL9. Evacuated school children JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1939, November 18, Vol, 103, No. 1|6, p, ?Ul The need for adequate clothing and footwear of school children evacuated to the country emohasized by the Ministry of Health, Evacuated children should have warm clothing, some form of mackintosh and stout laced boots. It is to be recognized that the primary responsibility for filling the needs of the children rests with the parents. (DLC) 2i|20. Government evacuation scheme; boots and clothing for evacuated children . ‘ JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 19U0, October 19, Vol. 10h, p. 5>8U Parents are required to contribute according to their means to the cost of child’s board; parents are directly responsi- ble for clothing and footwear,(DLC) 2ii21, Provision of boots and clothing for evacuated school children JUSTICE OF THE PEACFTLondon) 19U0, July 8, Vol. lOU, p. 31? Association of Municipal Corporations and the County Councils Association make pronosals for better handling of evacuated children whose parents are unable or unwilling to supply them with shoes and clothing,(DLC) 2l|22, Scarcity of children’s clothing TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 19Ul, May 3, Vol. 31, No. 1357, p. 209 Some problems in the ’'controlled1’ clothing for children. (DLC) 89 CLOTHING. See also CHILDREN - CLOTHING. 2U23• "Air raid costumes for women" POPULAR, MECHANICS (Chicago) 19h0, May, Vol. 79, No, 9, p. 693 Air raid costumes for women have been designed by Frances Ruskin, New York, They a re made of fiber material resem- bling khaki and are made fire proof by a Dupont process.(DLC) 2U2U• ARP apparel MODERN PLASTICS (Easton, Pa,) 19l|l, June, Vol. 16, No. 10, pp, 92-93 Chemists and manufacturers experimented for over 12 months on a fireproof, costume made of a fibre material, using plastic plates for protection. The costume includes a helmet flashlight and a blackout safety signal light. A rubber jacket is to be worn under the costume, as are the plastic plates,(DLC) 2l|29* Bombed towns may run short of new warm clothes for victims NEWS' CHRONICLlTTLondonJ 19Ul, January 7, No, 29.938, p. 6 When stocks of clothing are destroyed in bombed towns immediate action must be taken to assure an adequate supply of warm clothing for air raid victims. The method by which the problem is met in England, (DLC) 2U26, Comforts for the civil defense forces THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 19h0, December 20, Vol. Ii9, p. 1613 Urges national effort to supply workers in civil defense services with such comforts as woolen garments, pullover scarfs, and mittens. Notes establishment of the Civil Defense Services Comforts Fund.(DLC) 2U27, Firenroof air' raid clothing combines safety and style POPULAR MECHANICS MAGAZINE (Chicago) ‘ 19Ul, May, Vol. 79, No. 9, p. 69.3, illus. British women may satisfy their desire to be fashionably attired and may still be protected by an'air-raid costume made of fiber material, resembling khaki, and fireproofed by a Dupont process. This noninflammable garment, while light in weight and easy-to put on, guards against heat from incendiary bombs.(DLC) 90 CLOTHING 2I4.28, Preservation of ARP clothing ENGINEERING (London) 1939, June 16, Vol. lIi7-3, p. 72-6 Suggestions for controlled temperatures in storage spaces for air raid protection clothing,(DLC) COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY 21.J.29* ARP and electricity undertakings; protective measures which will rank for grant THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, June 23, Vol. 1|8, No. 2lr21, p. lU2? "Good employers’ obligations" outlined. These must be carried out by industries at their own cost before industries become eligible for Treasury grants. Types of ARP work for which grants are available specified,(DLC) 2lj30, Bank problems on emergency legislation THE LAW JOURNAL (London) , . •• ■ 19i|.l, February 1, Vol, XGL, No, 3916, p. £0 Variation in rate of interest due to state of national emergency. The tenant’s right to compensation as a result of' requisitioned property, (DLC).. 2I4.3I. Britain’s town-country pattern - • . POLITICAL QUARTE. ' 19U0, April-June, Vol, XL, No. 2, pp, 223-233 :Some issues raised by the report of the Royal Commission on the Geographical Distribution of the Industrial Population. (DLC) 2łi32, Building in cold weather THE SURVEYORTTSndon) 19iil, February Hi, Vol, XCIX, No. p. 12? Government contractors working on urgent buildings devise a scheme to abolish stoppage due to blackouts and weather conditions, thereby speeding up production,(DPR) 2U33. Charred bank notes THE SOLICITOR’S JOURNAL (London) February 1, Vol, 8£, p, Safeguards employed in the issue of fresh Bank of England- notes, against notes partially destroyed in air raids,(DLC) 91 COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY 2h3h» Destroyed bank notes THE MINING WORLD AND ENGINEERING RECORD ' I9I1I, March 15, Vol. CXL, No. 3650, p. 162 Many Bank of England notes have been destroyed as a result of enemy action. All such notes, in the denomination of 5 pounds and upwards, which were destroyed have generally been replaced by the Bank of England, if full particulars of the notes were supplied. No profit to the Bank of England resulted from this arrangement,(DLC) 2L.35# Dispersal of factories THE TIMES TRADE AND ENGINEERING (London) 191LL, May, Vol. XLIX, No, 927, p. 26 There has been a, widespread scattering of production plants in Britain to reduce the damage caused by air raids. One plant previously occupying a single site is now scattered over 5 counties, with 1*2 centers of production. The disper- sal of aircraft factories is still going on, also the disper- sal of raw material plants.(DLC) 2U36. Effect of air raids (on sale of drapery and clothing) THE TIMES TRADE AND ENGINEERING (London) 19l|0, October, Vol. XLVIII, No. 920, p. 38 Due to frequent warning periods, transport delays and other occurrences, restricted shopping hours have occasioned more local buying and fewer shopping excursions to the West End, Demand for household piece goods has declined, but night raids have increased the demand for camp-beds, mattresses, and such shelter-clothing as ’’siren-suits" and slacks, (DLC) 2JU37• Evacuation areas; loss of business THE SOLICITORS» JOURN AL”Tlondon) 19U0, September lh9 Vol, 3).;, No, 37, p, 530 The government still has under consideration the problems of persons in evacuation areas who are suffering distress through loss of their business or other means of livelihood, A com- plete investigation is being made. It is however the inten- tion of the Government to assist, where necessary, the finances of local authorities in areas affected by evacuation, (DLC) 92 COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY 2)4.38• Fliegeralarm und fliegerschaden in arbeitsrecht (Air-raid alarm and respective labor-losses.) DEUTSCHE BAUZEITUNG (Berlin) 19)41, March 5, Vol.' 75, No. 10, pp. 178-179 Reparation-claims between laborers and contractors and between the contractors and the Government are stipulated regarding making up of lost time. These regulations refer to the time lost, the reasop,for it and the eventual re- employment of the laborers■concerned. Workers refusing the new work allotted to them lose the right of claim for reinstatement. All claims become void II4. days after cessation of work if the latter is not renewed. The con- tractors must keep a record from which the correctness of the proceedings are proved. All doubtful or contested cases are decided by the ”Landesärbeits Amt" (Government Employment Office). (DLC) 2U39. Der gewerbliche rechtsschutz im kriege (Industrial legal protection in the war). ZEMENT WOCHENSCHRIFT FÜR HOCH UND TIEFBAU (Berlin) 1939, November 30, Vol. 28, copy I48, pp. 690-692 Regulations governing application and issuing of patents; provisions for priority rights; costs; conditions in Poland, England, France and Switzerland. (DPR) 2UU0. Industrieller luftschutz (Industrial aerial defense) ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR GERERBEHYGIENE UND UNFALLVERHÜTUNG (Vienna) 193U, May Ip, Vol, Ü1, No. 5, pp. 19-20 Consideration of the necessities for aerial protection in industrial areas. (DSC-) Zahl. Loan interest in wartime THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, September 15/Vol. L.8, No. 2i;33, p. 2050 The Association of Municipal Corporations has been ashed ■ by the.Cardiff Corporation to discuss with the- Treasury the establishment of a moratorium on rates of interest on loans during wartime. (DLC) 93 COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY 2Ui2. London "delivers the goods" despite the blitzkrieg THE' BRTISK EXPORT GAZETTE (LcndonJ • 19Ü0, November, Vol. XXXIII, No. 395, p. 26 Although the Germans continue day and night raids over Britain, the manufacturers and shippers in London are still delivering goods to "world markets" by maintaining production with the aid of "spotters". (DLC) 2I4I43. Meropriiatiia PVQ tsekha (Shop ARP measures) Golovanov, S, K, VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBORONY (Moscow) . • . 193Ö, No. 8, pp. 33—3U The objective of ARP preparations in any given industrial establishment is to assure continuous production. Differ- ent activities are necessary at different times: (1) during the period of preparation (in peace time), (2.) when condi- tions are threatening, (3) when the signal "action warning" is given, (I4) during a clearing up period, (5) when "raiders passed" signal is given. For each of these periods the author lists the duties of a shop ARP unit. (DLC) 2U4.I1. Moratorium in evacuation areas THE SOLICITORS' JOURNAL (London) 19h0, July 27, ’Vol. 8I4, p. Ui9 Moratorium on rent for unoccupied premises in evacuated areas. (DLC) 2likŹ* Office hours in raided areas Rogers, N. H, LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE (London.) I9I4O, December, Vol. 20, No. 12, p. 265 Several plans have been adopted for workers in areas sub- jected to continuous -night raidings.- One plan calls for the moving up of working hours, enabling worker to reach home before the nightly raid begins. Another provides for one long day with no lunch hour (snacks taken at desk), followed by a short day. (DLC) 94 COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY 2446. Printing trades ARP LABOUR (London) I94O, Vol, 31, No. 4, p. 684 It has been recommended that the government scheme for working after the siren sounds, be adopted in the print- ing industry. The appointment of roof watchers, rate of pay, methods of making up time lost during periods of imminent danger, etc., are problems confronting the trade if the government plan is carried out. (DLC) 2447. Raids slow up distribution THE BOOKSELLER (London) 1940, September 1.2, No. 1815, p. 287 > A discussion of the effect of air raids on the distribu- tion of books in England. Much of the difficulty might have been avoided by proper air-raid precautions, (DLC) 24f8. Production maintained at high level: Safeguarding production (The Midlands) THE TIMES TRADE AND ENGINEERING (London) 1941, January, Vol. XLVIII, No. 923, p. 45 Among the measures taken for keeping industry going are roof watching, volunteer services of Home Guard to combat the effects of incendiaries, excellent arrangements for shelter accommodation, compliance with blackout- regulations, and special devices for avoiding glare. The double day shift and the elimination of night work had more disadvantages than advantages, (DLC) 2449. Safety-zone retreat accommodation - how to secure it and what it will cost BUSINESS (London) 1939, September 2, Vol. LXIX, No. 9, p. kB, illus. Many firms are arranging safe retreat into rural areas for the essential head office staff and their vital records. Because of the Increase in rents, due to the emergency, it is suggested that those thinking of renting a country-house do so at once. (DLC) 95 COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY 2U50, Scotland, wartime effects on building trade THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND'BUILDING (London) 1950, March 22, Vol.CXXVI, No. 3266, p, 386 "Wartime effects on the building industry have been under consideration by the Scottish National Builders Trade Federation (Employers) and the National Federation of Building Trades* Operatives (Scottish Regional Council), and at a recent meeting in Glasgow the various branches of the industry were invited to decided upon some action that might be taken to overcome the serious effects caused by the present stoppage of work." (DLC) 2U5X. Shopping under fire THE ECONOMIST"(London) I960, November 16, VoX, CXXXIX, No. 5073, p. 60? Turnover as a whole has not been appreciably affected by air raids. The value of business in Scotland, least affect- ed by air raids, has remainded remarkably steady. In gen- eral, intensive air rading at first affected shopping, but the public has adjusted itself to the new conditions, (DLC) 2ii52, Showrooms THE SYREN AND SHIPPING ILLUSTRATED (London) X9UX, April, VoX, CLXXIX, No. 2328, p. 50 Stirrup pumps, fire bomb devices, and window replacement materiais were used in the showrooms on Queen Victoria Street to meet ARP requirements, (DLC) 2U53. War agreement No, 2 THE; BRITISH PRINTER (London) I9I4O, November, VoX, 53, No, 315, P* XO? Contains agreement between the British Federation of Master- Printers, the Newspaper Society and the Printing and Kin- dred Trades Federation, Agreement divided under two main heads (X) air raids and air-raid warnings. The erapXoyers and em- ployees are requested to adopt the government scheme of September XO, 19U0, working after the siren, and to suspend work oniy during periods of imminent danger, (2) The adop- tion of this scheme shaii be by mutuai agreement in each 96 COMMERCE AMD INDUSTRY establishment, that is, by desire of the management and a majority vote of the employees concerned. The agreement also includes regulations with respect to suspension of work through enemy damage and transfer of workers to an- other district. (DLC) 2kSk* ' The war offers great scope for the mobile shop THE COMMERCIAL MOTOR (London) 19i;l, April 25, Vol. LXXIII, No. 1Ö8U, p. 255 Use of mobile stores as substitute for destroyed or damaged fixed stores; the ambulating salesman. (DLC) 2i;55. Working during the ,f alert" THE TIMES TRADE AND ENGINEERING (London) . 19l|0, October, Vol. XLVII, No. 920, p.- 3 The government has urged that there be no cessation of work when the "’alert" signal is sounded, but.that establishments engaged in war production keep going until the signal is given indicating imminent danger, when workers should take to cover. (DLC) COMMUNAL FEEDING 2I4.56. ARP trailer canteens MOTOR TRANSPORT~TLondon) 19U0, July, Vol. LX.XI, No. 18UU, p. 3 Those canteens were built to be of service during.air raids. They have served tea to those in air-raid shelters, have rendered aid to troop trains, and have been most helpful in feeding wounded soldiers and in supplying first aid facilities. (DLC) 214.5?. Canteen meals for children TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, October lU, No, 12?6, p. kOk Summary of Board of Education circular designed to help those organising central canteens for children. (DLC) 97 COMMUNAL FEEDING 2li5>8. Canteens for factory workers TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 19U0, July 27, No. 1317, p. 291 Proposed canteens for providing dietetically c orrect meals for workers in evacuated shops.(DLC) 2U99. Catering for civil defense forces THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 19ii0, August 30, Vol. 1|9, No. 2U83, p. 1118 Food for civil defense personnel; methods of preparation, serving; cost, necessary equipment, and organization of personnel for the work.(DLC) 2li60. Cheap meals for children TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 19ii0, January 27, No. 1291, p. 30 Organizing a communal feeding center for evacuated children. (DLC) 2I4.6I • Communal feeding THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 19Ü1, January 10, Vol. U9, No. p. hi Organization and plans for feeding large groups in air- raid shelters; cost shared by local and national govern- ments. (DLC) 2U62. Communal feeding THE MUNICIPAL.'JOURNAL (London) 19Ul, March 7, Vol. h9y No. 2910, p. 297 Outline from Sheffield, England, on communal feeding; plan for large numbers to secure hot meals without hardship to to the .community,(DLC) 2I4.63. Communal feeding centers ELECTRICAL REVIEW (London) 19U1, April Vol. CXXyill, No, 3309, pc 99b. illus. The proposal of the Ministry of Food for the extensive 98 COMMUNAL FEEDING organisation of communal feeding on extensive lines has created problems regarding suitable equipment for cooking and heating. The British Electric Association has issued a booklet entitled, "Electricity and Communal Feeding", illustrating the various ways in which electricity is helping to solve these problems,(DLC) 2)46)4, Communal feeding costs THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 19)41, April 11, Vol. U9, No. 2315, p. Ill Costs of communal feeding. All phases of this topic covered; food cost, pay for workers, and procurement of buildings to carry on work,(DLC) 2165. Communal feeding in small towns and villages THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London)“ 19U, February 7, Vol. 19, No. 2506, p. 153 A plan of the Ministry of Food to provide cheap meals for persons unable to prepare their food.(DLC) 2i|66, Communal feeding in wartime JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 19ll, January 1?, Vol. 105, p. 35 Responsibility for communal feeding rests with local authorities. Women*s voluntary -services prepared to advise, organise and assist with any scheme for communal feeding,(DLC) 2l|67. ' Communal feeding may become a permanent service THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 19U1, January 31, Vol. Ü9, No, 2505, p. ill Success of communal'feeding centers in a number of cities (Birmingham, London, -New-Castle, Manchester) leads to belief they may become an important and'permanent function of local government,(DLC) 99 COMMUNAL FELDING 2408, Does your vrork warrant a canteen for your workers THE CAXTON MAGAZINE (London) 1941, February, Vol. XLIII, No, 2, p, 20 Factories employing more than 250 persons, doing work pertain- ing to war, may be required W provide a canteen, where hot meals can be purchased, (DLC) 2469* Feeding of the shelter population - a London survey BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London) 1941, February B, Vol, I, No, 4179 pp« 205-206 The organization of food distribution, A model canteen m an individual enterprise, (DSG) 2470, Finchley ARP canteens THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, November 22, Vol* 49, P* 1497 Points brought out in a debate on the appointment of full- time canteen organiser, stressing increased demands on the services of the canteen, (DLC) 2471. Food on wheels Lewis, Lorna TIME AND TIDE (London) 1941, January 25, Vol. 22, No, 4, p. 63 Among the many duties of the Y, M, C, A, mobile canteens is the answering of emergency calls to take refreshments to fire-fighters, ”Since Hitler does not nowadays announce his program in advance, fire calls come unexpectedly and in- conveniently, usually at night,” Canteen workers perform most of their duties at nighte (DLC) 2472* Growth of the communal feeding movement THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) ' 1941, April 4, Vol, 49, No« 2514, p. 415 Explains communal feeding in Britain, its advantages and its growth due to war conditions. Outlines the methods used and results obtained* The service of light meals and refresh- ments in air-raid shelters, (DLC) 100 COMMUNAL FEEDING 2U73• How three cities provide communal meals; ■ Tynemouth deputation gains hints from Liverpool, Manchester and Sheffield, THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London]* 19lil, February 7, Vol. Ii9, No. p. l6l A description of the operation of municipal cafes and restaurants.(DLC) 2U7U• Liverpool’s communal feeding .center THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS (London) 19Ul, February, Vol. 198, No, 5>3lU, pp.' 296-297, illus. Food is prepared in Liverpool Corporation’s central kitchen and placed in huge containers for transport to civil defense workers.(DLC) 2U75* Mechanization of ARP canteens THE MUNICIPAL .JOURNAL (London) 19U0, July 19, Vol. U9, No. 2U77, p. 9^3 Operation of motor canteens for the f eeding of civil defense workers. Suggestions offered for the economical operation of these units.(DLC) 2U76, Rapid progress of communal feeding THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) Iplil, February 28, V0I..I49, No, 25>09, p, 267 Comments.on the success of communal feeding centers. Explanation of how the centers are operated, and growing popularity in every of this method of feeding. (DLC) COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS 2U77• Telephone service for hospitals in war disasters HOSPITALS (ChicagoT"~ 191+1, July, Vol„ 19, No.. 7, p. 73 Means of restoring interrupted telephone service of hospi- tals, interrupted by exploding bombs or other causes.(DLC) 101 CONCRETE SHELTERS, See SHELTERS, CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION AND DESIGN, See BUILDINGS, WARTIME DOCUMENTS, PROTECTION OF. See also LIBRARIES 2U78. Compensation and mitigating war damage to documents THE LAW TIME'S (London) 19l|0, December 7, Voll 190, No. 9097, p. 293 Documents lost by enemy action comprise (1) wills—which, provided the devisor is not dead, can be remade—(2) settlements, of which in some caseä copies may be available, and (3) documents of title to land. In the case of land titles, all that is required is a statutory declaration by some member of the firm dealing with change of title, that the documents were destroyed by enemy action and requiring the purchaser to accept this declaration. In order to compensate the client or clients, whose documents have been lost or destroyed, the solicitor must file with his claim for war damage to the valuer, a claim for com- pensation for his client or clients whose documents were either lost or destroyed by enemy action. (DLC) U7S. Darlington to use cinecamera in ARP work THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London! “ 1939, August 13, Vol. U3, No. 2k29, p. 1899 Plan to photograph essential documents and distribute prints in different places as a precaution against de struction by fires arising from air raids. (DLC) 2i|80. Deciphering blitzed documents; a new method, by chloral hydrate THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS (LondonJ • . 19kl, April 26, Vol, 1?8, No. 9323, p. 99l, illus. A new method Tor deciphering charred documents has been found. It consists in treating the document with chloral hydrate; ’’this substance appears to exert an as yet un- explained 1 clarifying1 action on the burnt figures or letters.” Several applications applied. .When document has dried a 10 per cent glycerine solution is added, (DLC) 102 DOCUMENTS, PROTECTION OF 2/48I. Lost wills: Precautions THE SOLICITORS' JOURNAL (London) 1940, July 20, Vol. 84, p. 437 Measures to secure that effect be given to a will in the event of its being destroyed by enemy action. (DLC) 2482. Protection of deeds and documents THE ' SOLICITORS ’ JOURNAL, (LondonT” 1941, March 15, Vol. 85, p. 121 Photographing documents on miniature film. (DLC) 2483. War damage to clients * papers THE LAW TIMES I94O, December 7, Vol. 190, No. 5097, p. 293 • Solicitors who have had the custody of their clients' papers cannot be held responsible for loss resulting from enemy action. In some cases these have been so damaged as to be illegible. A solicitor holding papers is liable only for negligence, and. the damage caused to such papers by enemy action or in repelling enemy action cannot be attributed to negligence. The loss is the clients', and the solicitor is faced with the problem of restoring the papers to the best of his ability. (DLC) DOMESTIC SHELTERS, See SHELTERS, PRIVATE DWELLINGS, PROTECTION OF, See BLACKOUT - PRIVATE DWELLINGS EDUCATION. See also SCHOOLS 2484. Th3 bonefits of evacuation TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1941, Hay 3, No. 1357, p. 206 Meeting the problems created in schools overcrowded by evacuation. Organising and supervising activities in country schools. (DLC) ■103 EDUCATION 2U85. Billeting and education TllS EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, September 23, No. 1273, p. 382 Some social problems made conspicuous by evacuation, (DLC) 2I486. British students carry'on’after bombing of St. Thomas Medical School. ■ ~~ In American Medical Association, Journal, (Chicago) I9I+I, January 2p, Vol. 116, No, U, P« 3li7-3U8 Problems met by students of bombed medical school; evacua- tion billeting, classes, study, recreation, serving in mobile clinics. (DSC) 21+87. Camps without children ' TILE aND TIDE (London) I9I4-O, February 3, Vol, 21, No, P« 100 An Act has authorized the provision for 50 camp schools although 30 have.been completed. There seems to be re- luctance to full the camps. These camps are safe place’s for children In case of air raids, (DLC) 2I483, Constructive ARP THE LANCET (London) 1939, February 18, Vol. 236, No. 6025', p, h-Oh Setting up camps for children Till serve as a valuable supplement to any evacuation scheme in -wartime. Camps are to be composed of huts supplied with central heating, water, electricity and main drainage. Will serve as school-camps in time of peace. (DLC) 21489« . Education in the blitzkrieg (From the Economist, London) WORLD AFFAIRS INTERPRETER 1941, Winter — January, Vol. XI, No, 9, P« 1+26 Failure of the authorities to arrange for educating school children evacuated from the London areas has resulted in a serious loss in the education of these children. Lack of 104 EDUCATION planning has made schooling in the reception areas "con- gested, part-time, inefficient or non-existent,” (DLC) 2490, Educational expenditures on evacuated children JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1940, February 10, Vol, 104, p. 79 Eligibility of local authorities for government grant to meet expenditures on evacuated children, (DLC) 2491« Effect of evacuation on mural education THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1941, February 7, Vol, 49, No, 2506, p. 177 The elementary education committee of Warwickshire reports on the problems caused by the presence of more than 11,300 elementary pupils not normally resident in the area, (DLC) 2492. English elementary and secondary education in wartime Murphy, Mary E. THE EDUCATIONAL RECORD (Washington, D. C.) 1941, April, Vol. XXII, No, 2, pp. 13CWL36 "The war has disrupted the usual course of educational events. Evacuation of children from 5 to 16 years of age to the provinces and to all parts of the world has inflicted heavy blows-upon education. Suspension of teaching in evacuated areas is complete or partial and more young people are attracted into industry," (DLC) 2493• The floor of the house THE LANCET (London) 1939, November 25, Vol. CGXXXVIII, No. 6065, p, 1148 • Several reasons for difficulties of reopening schools in evacuated areas, mainly the commandeering of school premises for ARP. (DLC) * . ' io£ EDUCATION 269)4• An Ilford school in camp TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 19a0, February 2)4, No. 1299, P-, 72 Organisation of an evacuated school. An experiment in education,(DLC) 2699, In a reception area TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, September.30, No, 1276, p, 366 Difficulties in adapting schools in reception areas to ”visitors” needs,(DLC) 2696, Junior technical schools- TILES' EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 19U0, April 20, No. 1303, p. 1-66 Suggestions for overcoming wartime difficulties, such as dispersal and lack of teaching personnel,(DLC) 2/4.97, ”Making shift” TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, September 30, No. 1276, p. 389 Problems of supplies and equipment in the reception area school.(DLC) ' .' 2698, Nursery centers TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) i960, January 13, No« 1289, p. 12 Plans for organizing schools in reception areas for children between 2-9 years of age,(DLC) 2ii99. A scattered university TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) I960, January 27, No„ 1291, p, 31 How the University of London organized its activities in the interior areas.(DLC) 106 EDUCATION 2900, School problems in wartime TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, September 9, No. 1270, p. 363 ' Summary of information contained in Circular 11+79, and 6 others, in regard to ARP in schools, education of evacuated children, and other problems likely to arise in the event of war,(DLC) 2901. Schooling after evacuation TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, September 2, No. 1270, pv 392 Suggestions for the education and general welfare of evacuated children, to be based on local conditions and resources, (Circular No, lU7u, Board of Education,)(DLC) 2.902. Scotland: Wales TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, September 16, No. 1272, p, 366 Review of conditions and problems in education arising from evacuation of school children.(DLC) 2503. Solving evacuation problems THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, September 19, Vol. U8, No. 21+33, p. 2091 Local educational authorities have been requested by the Board of Education to reopen their schools as soon as possible, as the early resumption of school life is the most helpful single action for evacuated children and for house- holders with whom they are billeted. It relieves the receiving householder of the continuous care of the children temporarily, and gives her more opportunity to attend to her own children and household duties.(DLC) 290u, The teacherfs task TILES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, October 21, No. 1277, p. Ul3 The curricular and extra curricular activities of the teacher ”evacuated”,(DLC) 107 EDUCATION 2505. Wanted - a board of education THE ECONOMIST (London) 19U0, November 16, Vol. CXXXIX, No. 5073, p. 608 Problems of education resulting from the activity of the Luftwaffe: (1) the lack of school accommodation in the reception areas, (2) part time education in neutral areas, (3) children spend a large part of their school day in the shelters with classes on a part time basis. In London and other evacuation areas this problem is worse, (DLC) ELECTRIC PLANTS, See PUBLIC UTILITIES EQUIPMENT. See also BLACKOUT - EQUIPMENT: CLOTHINGr SHELTERS- EQUIPMENT 2506. ARP equipment THE ELECTRICAL REVIEW (London) 1939, October 27, Vol. 1.25, No. 3231, p. 557, illus. The General Electric Co, Ltd. has published a leaflet deal- ing with lighting; torches, batteries and bulbs; space heating; cooking equipment; water heating; public shelters; medical equipment. Illustrations depict typical apparatus, (DLC) 250?. The B.S., I. in wartime THE ELECTRICAL REVIEW (London) IRlil, April 11, Vol, CXXm, No. 3307, pp. 5U6-556 Government departments are employing the British Stand- ards Institution machinery for the preparation and co-ordi- nation, and promulgation of the War Emergency Specifica- tions to meet their several requirements. At the request of the Ministry of Home Security a special series of speci- fications (about fifty so far) has been issued covering many aspects of ARP work, (DLC) 2b08. Cleaning out the craters THE MUNICTPÄTl-JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 31, Vol. 48, No. 2409, p. 750 A portable pumping set for ARP purposes, to handle liquids containing solids, which cannot be dealt with by water or 108 EQUIPMENT fire pumps. The new pump is intended for such services as decontamination, fire fighting, and pumping out bomb craters containing debris. (DEC) 2509. Electrical apparatus for ARP THE MUNICIPAL JDURNAL~(London) 1939, October 27, Vol. 1*8, No. 21*39, p. 2280 The booklet "G.E.C. Equipment for ARP Services’* is discribed as containing "brief details of everything electrical that may be required in connection with ARP." (DLC) 2910, Equipment and stores for emergency services JUSTICE OF THE PEACE ; . I9U0, September Ik, Vol, lOl*, p. 5lit Ministry of Health instructions for the handling of equipment and supplies. (DLC) 2511« Equipment for ARP TĘE MUNICIPAL - JOURNAL (London) 1939, April 21, Vol. 1*8, Nd. 21*12, p. 902 .Gas-proofed trench covers and various ventilating de- vices are described. (DLC) 2£12. Equipment for evacuated firms The Times TRaDEEANPj ENGINEERING (London) . . 19a0, July, Vol. XLVII, No. 917, p. 20 Most of the firms - having forsaken London to escape the aerial blitz - have sought to carry on their business in big country houses. Chief difficulties here are overcrowding, lack of adaptability, and the fire hazard. Fire resisting cabinets have been installed in many instances, and certain strong rooms have been converted into air raid shelters. (DLC) 2513» The fire-proofing and rot-proofing of materials THE BRITISH JOÜRNAITOFThOTOGRAPHY "(London) May 9, Vol. LXXVIII, No. 1*227, p. 223 Present war conditions have rendered these subjects of 109 EQUIPMENT increasing importance, both in the business world and in the home. For protection from incendiary bombs, directions are given for treatment of materials against fire. The need for treatment of materials against rot-proofing, together with methods of treatment, is discussed, (DLC) 29lU. UOOjOOO helmets for civil servants NEWS CHRONICLE (London) 19Ul, January 29, No. 29,997, p. 9 Outlines plan of British government to issue helmets to all civil servants and civil defense officials for additional protection in ARP work. (DLC) 2919* Khranenie osnovnykh imushchestv, tekhniki i zapasov MPVO The safekeeping of basic properties, techniques and stores of ARP) Garovnikov, V, I, VESTNIK PROTIVOV0ZDUSKN0I OBORONY (Moscow) 1938, No. 8, pp. 28-32 The author discusses the following topics in great detail: ■ (l) instructions in safekeeping and inspection of means of anti-chemical defense; (2) instructions in safekeeping and refreshing of chlorine stores; (3) instructions in safekeep- ing decontaminating machines and other ARP equipment, (DLC) 2916, Mechanisation as an aid in air raid precautions work THE MUNICIPAL JOURN " 1939, May 12, Vol, U8, No. 2U19, p. 1073 Indicates wide field for use of mechanical equipment in effecting speed and economy in ARP work, (DLC) 2517. Raid warning raises new problem BUSINESS (London! " 1939, November, Vol. LXIX, No. 11, p. 12 The problem of leaving money unprotected in the event that it is spread out. and being counted in the wage department when a siren is sounded, was solved at once by adopting modern equipment, A simple modification of a piece of stand- ard equipment has been devised so that the entire sum of money, no matter how spread out for sorting or packing, can be locked, just as it is, in a fire-proof container in about five seconds. (DLC) 110 EQUIPMENT 2918, "Rhythmatic" control for national defense THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL^Loridon) 1939, August 18, Vol. )48, No. 21+29, p. 1877' •Account of the ceremonial inauguration of '"rhythmatic" control for street lighting and national defense facilities. (DLC) 2919. Rhythmatic control for public services - Handling ARP Services THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, April 21, Vol.-US', No. 21+12, p. 909 "Rhythmatic control", a recent development of Automatic Telephone and Electric Co. Ltd., is designed to enable numerous public services to be controlled from one central point by means of push buttons. Of particular importance is the ability of rhythmatic control to handle numerous ARP services, such as the calling up of wardens, nurses and firemen. (DLC) 2920. Steel helmets for civilian defense workers PUBLIC HEALTH Tendon) 19U1, May, Vol. LIV, No. 8, p. ll+8 Government orders steel helmets for those engaged in civilian defense, (DSG) 2,921. Steel helmets for road haulage workers THE,WORLD'S CARRIERS”!London) 191+0, December 16, Vol. XXXVII, No. 1+39, p. 97 Because of the danger to' road haulage workers during air raid warnings, the Minister of Transport has now made available for them steel helmets of second grade quality. (DLC) 2922. Supply of ARP equipment THE" MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, February.2k, Vol. U8, No. 2U0U3 p. 1+19 Difficulties experienced in the purchases of necessary materials and supplies, except in large quantities. Guar- antee of delivery denied. The situation will be somewhat improved as increased supplies of equipment become avail- able. (DLC) Ill EQUIPMENT 2:523« Telezhka dlia perevozki khlornoi izvesti (Pushcart for carrying chloride of lime)” Solov’ev, N. .w . VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBORONY (Moscow) 1938, No. 8, p. 35, illus.‘ Mobility of equipment.is important in decontamination work of ARP. The author explains the construction of a hand cart he invented with precisely the above consideration in mind. (DLC) 252lł, Testing incombustible'material BRITISH PLASTICS iLcmdon) • I9I4O, June, Vol, 12, No. 133, p. 32 Tests conducted by British Standards Institution to provide measures for lessening the effects of incendiary bombs. (DLC) . ; • . ' • EVACUATION 252.5. Blocking roads in wartime t .BastistJ. W. THE NATIONAL REVIEW (London) 19U1, March, Vol, 116,- No. 697, p.- 31^ This is a discussion of a radio talk by Mr. Maurice Healy concerning the problems of evacuation. Suggestions and plans of procedure given for refugees in case of emergency. (DLC) , 252:6. Civil defense and evacuation of young children . THE LANCET (London!“ ■ . : . 1939, July 1, Vol. 237, No. 60hh, p. h9 In answer to Jifch. Day’s question as to the success or failure of the scheme for registration for evacuation of children under five, it was stated that "Returns received from a number of evacuation areas show that the initial response from mothers of children under five has so far, in many cases been encouraging." (DLC) 112 EVACUATION 2527. Emergency evacuation of school children THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London)' 1939, June, Vol. 51, No. 22, p. 216 ■ • Children moved from schools are accompanied by teachers and other helpers; where it is .possible they are placed in billets near their schools; precautions are taken to prevent the spread of disease, (DSG)' '• • . ’ ' 2528. Emergency evacuation scheme THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London) 1939, May, Vol. 6l, No. 19, pp.189-190 The object of evacuating from congested areas of great cities is to ensure smooth and easy working conditions. (DSG) 2529. Evacuating facilities THE ECONOMIST (London) 1940, October 12, Vol. CXXXIX, No. 5068, p. 457 Despite the fact that evacuation facilities have been expanded to include school children, other children with mothers, un- accompanied children under five, expectant mothers and the aged and infirm, only a very small portion of these groups are accepting evacuation. The greatest problem seems to be that of billeting, where facilities are woefully inadequate, householders unco-operative, and planning unstandardized. (DLC) 2530. Evacuation and reception THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London) 1941, February 22, Vol. 65, No. 8, p. 61 Problems of evacuation. Public attitude. Evacuation difficulties. Shift of population. Evacuees billeter. (DSG) 2531. Evacuation and war work THE ECONOMIST (London) 1941, April 19, Vol. 140, No. 5095, p. 515 An analysis of the social and administrative problems of 113 EVACUATION British evacuation, by Mr. Bevin; considers also the change of official policy relating to special classes of persons to be evacuated. At first this policy applied only to chil- dren of or below school age, accompanied or unaccompanied by their mothers, to elderly and infirm persons, and to expectant mothers. .The policy is now changed to affect all persons, and attempts are made to induce everyone to move out of the dangerous areas. (DIG) 2532. Evacuation - course of the war • JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London)“ 1940, July 6, Vol. 104, p. 373 Increasing gravity of military situation leads to expansion of evacuation program. Arrangements .for transportation of evacuees outlined. (DLC) 2533* Evacuation impossible THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, January 27, Vol. 48, No. 2400, p. 217 Evacuation on the scale suggested by the Anderson Committee is impossible. Migration of well-to-do should be encouraged, and nonessential business personnel transferred to branch establishments. (DLC) 2534* Evacuation of children in wartime THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London) 1939, March, Vol. 61, No. 9, p. 84 Plans being prepared to evacuate vast numbers of children to safe areas. (DSG) 2525* Evacuation of cities in war THE LANCET (London) 1938, June 11, Vol. CCXXXIV, No. 59Ö9, P* 1346 Responsibility for’the right use of hospitals if war is waged from'the air is considered. Evacuation casualties are under close consideration. Camp schools to be established to receive children living in target areas. (DLC) 114 EVACUATION 2538. Evacuation of school children THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London) 1940, May 4, Vol. 63, No. 18, p. 156 Evacuation of school children only a partial success. Necessity of school medical, services. (DSG) 2537. Evacuation, old and new THE ECONOMISTTLondon) 1940, July 6, Vol. CXXIX, No. 5054, p. 10 The government's old evacuation scheme merely took into consideration dispersal of population to minimize the danger from air raids. The enlarged plan takes into account the danger of military invasion. Evacuation thus falls into three categories; school children, those whose parents may in the future want them to leave, and evacuation of whole families. Mass evacuation is thus correlated with the designation of certain areas as "defense areas." (DLC) 2538. Evacuation plans THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, January 13, Vol. 48, No. 2398, p. 83 Considering the problems associated with evacuation of the population from vulnerable areas in time of war, special attention has been given to children. Children of school age a liability; the decision of evacuation must rest with the parents. (DLC) 2539. Evacuation plan's success THE MUNICIPAL ToURNAL"(London) 1939, September 1, Vol. 48, No. 2432, p. 989 None of the defense preparations which have been carried out during the week have evoked so much public admiration as the evacuation of children, mothers of young children, blind and infirm persons, and expectant mothers, from London and other vulnerable areas to less dangerous districts. (DLC) 2540, Evacuation problems THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, February 3, Vol. 48, No. 2401, p. 241 Self-evacuation must be controlled, if confusion is to be 115 EVACUATION avoided, according to the Executive Council of the County- Councils Association,(DLC) -2&41* Evacuation problems at pleasure resorts THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, February 3* Vol, 48, No. 2401, .p. 2?1 The evacuation of people from industrial towns discussed by the Health and Pleasure Resorts Association.(DLC) 2542. Evaluation of evacuation JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1940, April 27, Vol. 104, p. 233 Disadvantages in evacuation of civil service staffs.(DLC) 2543• Flight and shelter THE LANCET (London) 1938, November 5* Vol. 235* No. 6010, p. 1071 Arrangements for evacuating children and old people arc being made at private dwellings. Preferred that school children should be supervised by their teachers and shift of helpers. Rural householders required to fill house capacity according to the standard, that is, 5 persons in every four rooms.(DLC) 2544. Government evacuation scheme JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1940, February 24, Vol. 104* p. 110 Main details of the Circular (1965) and Memorandum (EV 8) of the 15th Feb, Further evacuation in event of air raids; medical examination of child-evacuees; allowance for private evacuation,(DLC) 2545. The great evacuation LABOUR (London) 1940, March, Vol. 2, No. 7, p. 360 Announcement by the Minister of Health that evacuation should 116 EVACUATION take place only where air raids become serious and of continuous peril to the civilian population. Necessary that evacuation schemes, covering main industrial centers of the country, should be worked out and the proper organization set up. (DLC) 2546. The great exodus TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, September 9, No. 1271, p. 357 The evacuation•of children and adults from crowded towns and industrial areas, (DLC) 2547. London children for the country TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1940, June 15, No. 1311, p. 230 Mobilizing London's- school children for second exodus after bombings began, (DLC) 2548. More migration THE ECONOMIST (London) 1940, July 27, Vol. CXXXIX, No. 5057, p. 120 With the scattering of air raids all over the country the need for evacuation still persists. Statistics show that it is 15 times safer to be in a reception area than in an evacuation areas, and while some phases of evacuation are left to individual whim or are voluntary, more and more of evacuation is resulting from Government order. 11 If the Goverment decides that evacuation is needed, then it must be made compulsory." (DLC) 2549. New evacuation plans THE BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, August 5, Vol, 2, p. 296 Plans for evacuation of priority groups, remedial steps for those who show dislike to. certain evacuable areas; special arrangements for reception of handicapped children; provision for expectant mothers. (DSG) 117 EVACUATION 2550, News from the Boroughs THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 19U0, October 18, Vol. h9, No. 2U90, p. 133h*. Comments on compulsory evacuation and its effect on tax rates in the city of Portsmouth, Effect of war on summer resort seasons. Investigation and control of accidents in the city of Oxford. (DLC) Problems of evacuation THE LANCET (London) V • 19U0 February 3, Vol. CCXXVIII No. 6075, p. 251 Mr, Gę.'M. Harris at a meeting attended’by officials of the Ministry of Health and the London County Council states: "Evacuation had proved that decentralisation of the population was desirable even in peactime, on grounds of health, education and administration." Various opinions of others given on the evacuatioji problem. (DLC) 2552. Scotland.and Wales TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939 5 September 30, No, 127li, p. 386 Evacuation and problems of health and sanitation. Operation of schools and universities. Costs of ARP work, (DLC) 2553* Should evacuation be compulsory? TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 19U0, June 22, No. 1312, p. 2i|2 The question considered by the Commons and private agencies. (DLC) 255U* Stay-in-London-strike - THE OBSERVER (London) 19U0, January 1U, No.7755? p. 10 Civil servants defying evacuation demand: (a) government pay for billeting, (b) improvement of lighting and heating, (c) information as to whether evacuation will be permanent, (DLC) 118 EVACUATION 2555# Un-neutral areas TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 19Ü1, May-3, No, 1357, p. 207 Criticism of the lack of proper evacuation measures; the dangers and handicaps to children unevacuated,(DLC) EVACUATION - FRANCE 2556. French children in wartime TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) . 1939, October 21, No. 1277, p. h!3 Problems in evacuating French school children.(DLC) 2557. French evacuation camp TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, October 7, No. 1275, p. 395 Organization of children's camps in France.(DLC) 2558, A lesson from the French evacuation. THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 19U0, July 5, Vol. U9, No„;2U75, p. 875 A detailed discussion of mass evacuation of civilian popula- tion, The assistance rendered by local authorities, the importance of the time factor, the chaos existing in the larger towns, the importance of organization *(DLC) EVACUATION - INDIA 2559. Evacuee children in Lahore THE STATESMEN (Calcutta) 19U0, October 1?, No. 877, p. 9 , Arrangements made' to prepare evacuated children for English examinations. Most of the parents are military officers in Punjab or Northwest Frontier Province. Accomodations with English families available for boys whose parents are not in this district,(DLC) 119 EVACUATION - INDIA 2560. Peshawar ARP THE STATESMAN (Calcutta) 1940, September 19, No. 873, p. 13 The government makes inquiry to'determine number of persons to be evacuated in case of air raids. Belief of Frontier Government that large numbers will go to Punjab. (DLC) EVACUATION - ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION 2561. Another report on the evacuation scheme • THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, December 22, Vol. 48, No. 2448, p. 2541 The evacuation committee of the Association of Architects, Surveyors, and Technical Assistants has made a.long and detailed report on the,working of the government evacuation scheme. Stresses need for a building program in reception areas. (DLC) 2562. Choosing evacuation areas THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1941,, February 7, Vol. 49, No. 2506,-p,. 166 Summary of a ministerial statement in the House of Commons on the general principles that must be considered in regard to evacuation of urban areas. (DLC) 2563. Compulsory evacuation THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL (London) 1941, January' 25, Vol. 85, No. 4, p. 38 Enforced evacuation of children "suffering in mind or body as a result of hostile attacks", or likely so to suffer if not removed. (DLC) 2564. Dagenham deputation on evacuation " ' THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 17, Vol. 48, No. 2407, p.. 623 Dagenham’s view of the Government’s plan for evacuation 120 EVACUATION - ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION were put before • the Ministry of Health by a recent deputation. The deputation reminded the Ministry that the question of evacuation in Dagenham is regarded in a very serious light and causing much public uneasiness. (DLC) 2565. Edinburgh evacuation figures THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 19U0, July 12, Vol. h9, No. 2ii?6, p. 919 20,289 children had left Edinburgh under the first and second evacuation schemes. (DLC) 2566. Evacuation areas JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) I9I4I, January I4., Vol. 105, p. 21 Discussion of the question whether new areas should be declared evacuation areas. Outlines basis on which a district may be declared an evacuation area. (DLC) 2567. The evacuation areas THE LANCET (London) 1939, January lU, Vol, 236, No. 6020, p, 121 For purposes of evacuation the Minister of Health issued a schedule dividing the country into three areas (l) a limited number of large crowded areas from which evacuation is to take place, (2) a number of "neutralM areas situated mainly near the large towns, which are not to be evacuated, but are also not to be used for reception, (3) the areas considered most suitable for reception- (DLC) Evacuation in northern Ireland TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 19Ul, January 18, No, 13U2, 31st year, p, 28 Two circulars issued by the Ministry of Education for Northern Ireland concern respectively the welfare of evacuated school children and the protection of school children in event of air raids. In the first, the Education authorities in reception areas are reminded that their povrers and duties relating to evacuated and resident children are the »«one, with the exception 121 EVACUATION - ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION of duties relating to the higher education of evacuated children. In the second, the Ministry states that even without air raid protection, unless the school building has large window areas, children should not be permitted to leave after a warning or if a raid begins without warning. Injury to eyesight and general health forms basis of pro- test to Belfast Education 'Gommlttee on its proposed provision for Belfast school air raid protection by bricking up windows and strengthening walls for lateral protection. (DLC) 2569» Evacuation in wartime JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1939, May 6, Vol. 103, No. 16, p. 29$ „ One of the difficulties for the government’s evacuation scheme is the complications wrhich may arise if the people seek to evacuate themselves to less vulnerable places. The official policy covers mainly the evacuation of children, but the report of the Anderson Committee envisaged seif-evacua- tion on a substantial scale, (DLC) 2570, Evacuation - need for re-oraanization JUSTICE OF THE PEACE“(London) ' .. 1939, October. 21. Vol. 103, No. 1*2, p. 6Q$ The Evacuation Committee of the Association of Architects submitted a report on the accommodation of evacuees in the reception areas, in which it is stated that evacuees are not evenly distributed, that the most significant feature of evacuation isthe trek back home of mothers with babies and children. Evacuation from evacuation areas after the first air raid must be expected and prepared for. Redistribution of those already in the evacuation areas must begin so that additional people can be removed safely. (DLC) 2571. Evacuation of school children .THE LANCET “(London) • 1940, May 18, Vol, CCXXXVIII, No. 6090, p. 952 Increased billeting allowances made .available under the 122 EVACUATION - ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION Government scheme. Preliminary arrangements made for the evacuation of over a million school children should the need arise. In evacuation areas outside of London school doctors and nurses have begun medical inspection of all children who will be sent away. (DLC) 2572, The evacuation plans THE LANCET (London) 1939-, May 6, Vol. CCXXXVI, No. 6036, p, 1061+ Satisfactory results on the survey of housing accommodation available for refugees from the cities. Suggestion made by the Minister of Health (Circular l800, H, M, Stationery Office) that various authorities co-operate to make detailed plans, A new memorandum on the evacuation scheme (Memo, Ev, 1+, H, M, Stationery Office) gives information as to eligibil- ity of evacuees, and other provisions. (DLC) 2573« Evacuation systems. Notification THE SOLICITORS* JOURNAL (London) 191+0, October 5, Vol. 1+8, No. 1+0, p, 566 Arrangements made by the Minister of Home Security for notifying persons outside any area affected by Defense Regulations, 191+0, that part of a defense area is an evacua- tion area, have placed solicitors in considerable difficulty in discovering whether or not a declaration had been made in relation to any particular area. The information was in the normal case obtainable from a country court registrar, and the registrar might decide not to inform the solicitor, but only the client personally. (DLC) 25?łu Evacuation to be compulsory. Present position of the scheme THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 191+0, December 20, Vol. 1+9, p. 1627 While compulsory evacuation of children is being debated, the London county council has decided to begin again to enforce the compulsory school attendance laws. The rate of evacuation is falling off.in London, but other large cities recently bombed are evacuating children in large numbers, (DLC) 123 EVACUATION - ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION 2575• Evacuees who return home; Government1s plans to check this tendency. - THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, Vol. 48, No. 2445, p. 2458 Press notices and articles, broadcasts, speeches, and person- al visits used to emphasize the need for evacuation and the importance of evacuees remaining in reception areas. (DLC) 2576. Evakuatsiia i karantinizatsiia kak mera PVO (Evacuation and quarantining as a measure of ARP Vorob’ev, Major VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBORONY (Moscow) 1938, No. 11, pp. 57-8 The author suggests the following points for consideration: (1) an understanding of what is meant .by ’’partial evacuation", (2) organization, personnel, administration, transportation, (3) cities to be evacuated and reception areas, (4) who should be evacuated and in what order, (5) what valuables to take out of the city, (6) transportation, kind and number of vehicles, where to get them, (7) responsibility for embarkation, baggage, (8) housing problem on arrival at destination, (9) an under- standing of what is meant by "quarantining", (10) housing of population and domestic stock under quarantine, (11) the length of the quarantine period, and (12) safeguarding the property of people under quarantine. (DLC) "“"N , 2577. Evakuatsiia naseleniia (Evacuation of the population) Vinogradov, A. VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBOROM (Moscow) 1939, No. 1, p. 1+8 The author discusses the problem of evacuation under three headings: (l) who is to be evacuated, (2) where to evacuate, (3) by what means. The following preparatory steps are proposed: (a) to list by houses the names of all those to be evacuated, (b) to announce the assembly places, (c) prepare in advance notices giving the assembly points, time of report- ing, and a list of personal property permitted to be taken along, (d) to select people who could be, made responsible for the assembling of the evacuees, baggage, and transportation, (e) to estimate the number of buses and trucks which will be needed 12U EVACUATION - ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION and assign assembly points for them. At reception areas the local committee should consider the following: (a) housing, (b) possibility of a need for barrack space, stores and kitchen space, and sanitary and medical services,(DLC) 2578, Government evacuation scheme JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1939, November 25, Vol, 103, No. h7, p. 759 Evacuation local authorities are authorized to make payment to parents or husbands of fares for visiting their sick wives and children, subject to the condition that the doctor attending the ivife or child certifies that it is desirable from the point of view of the wife or child that the parent or husband should visit. Payment of fares for parents are also authorized when an evacuated person dies in the receiving area. Should the parent or husband be unable to meet the cost of the funeral, reasonable expenditure will be allowed.(DLC) 2579« Government evacuation scheme JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 19U0, May 25, Vol. IOU, p. 291 Summary of circular 201? dealing with registration of child- ren for evacuation,(DLC) 258O, Government evacuation scheme; air raid precautions in residen- tial institutions, JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) I9U0, August 2h, Vol. IOU, p. U?U Covers shelters, fire-fighting, and protection against fly- ing glass in dwellings.(DLC) 2581, Government evacuation scheme; teachersł allowances and travel-- ling; facilities. JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) I9I4O, April 6, Vol, IOU, p. 192 Evacuated teachers with certain liabilities eligible for weekly allowances.(DLC) 125 EVACUATION - ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION 2582, The government evacuation scheme THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London] 19)41, June 22, Vol. 63, p. 2lU. (DLC) 2583. The great evacuation Owen, A. D- POLITICAL QUARTERLY (London) . 1*914-0, January-March, Vol. XI, No, 1, pp, 30—UU The organization, operation and results of the British evacuation scheme. (DLC) 2581;. Holiday resorts and evacuation ARP (In the opinion of the Minister of Health 1939, July 29, Vbl. 103, No. 30, p. 511 There is no reason to believe that evacuation would have to take place during the holiday season, but if it had taken place then, special difficulties would necessarily have arisen in holiday resorts. It was contemplated to disperse 3,000,000 people in three or four days. To try to arrange for the varying number of evacuees to be delivered to holiday centers, according to the season of the year, would intro- duce an unworkable complication. (DLC) 25>85>. In Parliament. Schools and ARP, redistribution of evacuees; civil defense wages THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) . - 1939, October 13, Vol. U8, Nor. 2l;37, p. 2202 Brief reports and answers of Government officers to Parliamentary questions arising from the government's evacuation program, (DLC) 2586. L.C.C. appoints evacuation committee THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, October 13, Vol. U8, No. 2U37, p. 2180 The London County Council has appointed a special committee to consider and report to the Emergency Committee on matters 126 EVACUATION - ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION arising out of the Government scheme for evacuation of priority classes from London. (DLC) 2^8?• New home evacuation plan TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 19U0, July 6, No, 131U, p. 266 A revised scheme for evacuating school children, (DLC) 2588. Plan for evacuating London school children THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, April lit, Vol. I48, No. 2ltll, p. 817 Summary of a circular issued by the Education Officer of London outlining the Government’s plan for evacuating school children with their teachers, (DLC) " 2589. Progress of the evacuation scheme THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (LondonT 1939, March 31, Vol. I48, No. 2h09, p. 712 "Following the substantial completion of the surveys by local authorities in connection with the government evacua- tion scheme, reports have been received from 889 local authorities out of a total of 1,112; offers to receive un- accompanied children and teachers are now about 2,000,000 and the estimated number of other persons who can be accommodated is about 1,200,000." The Minister has issued circulars to local authorities directing their attention to the possibility of getting information available from surveys, (DLC) 2590, Reception areas in evacuation plans THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, April 28, Vol. I48, No. 2ipL3, p. 925 Substance of a letter written by the Minister of Health setting forth the limitations.on the evacuation movement imposed by the small size of the reception area. (DLC) Scattering the children TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 19U0, February 2h, No, 1295, p. 72 Government schemes for evacuating children who stayed behind 127 EVACUATION - ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION or returned after first evacuation.(DLC) 2592, Scottish children return TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 19ii0, January 27, No, 1291, p# 26 (DLC) 2593. Voluntary billeting THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, January 13, Vol. 18, No. 2398, p. 83 Recommendations of the Anderson Committees, Detailed plans for the transfer of children of school age,(DLC) EVACUATION, OVERSEAS 259U. Children's overseas reception scheme JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 19h0, July 29, Vol. 10ii, p. 360 Preliminary arrangements being made for evacuation of chil- dren to dominions,(DLC) 2595. Empire homes for children TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 19U0, July 6, No. 131U, p. 268 Organizing for overseas evacuation of children,(DLC) 2596, Future of the overseas evacuation scheme THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 19U0, July 26, Vol. h9, No* 2U?8, p. 96? The government has recently announced that a proposal for putting into operation the plan of evacuating school chil- dren to the Dominions and the United States has been post- poned, It is understood however, that small parties of children will be sent.out of this country when there is space available in ships already scheduled to sail to the countries that have offered them a temporary home,(DLC) 128 EVACUATION, OVERSEAS 2597. Placing evacuee children in Canadian schools UNDERSTANDING THE CHILD (Boston) 19U1, June, Vol. X, No. 2, p. 21 Successful school adjustment of evacuee children. One way of helping them to overcome .uncertainty or timidity is their successful achievement of work that is a challenge to their best efforts without being too difficult. Interesting in- terviews with school girls are related. (DLC) 2998. Re-refugee children,evacuation of NOVA SCOTIA MEDICAL JOURNAL 19U0> January, Vol, 3 9, No. 1, pp* 390-392; J4OO-U02 Aiding the evacuating of children from England to Canada was approved as a worthy cause and placed under the di- rection of the Child Welfare Department, (DSG) 2599« Safe homes for children TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) . 19h0, June 22, No. 1312, p. 2l;3 Government’s plan for migrating children overseas,. (DLC) EVACUATION - RECEPTION AREAS 2600, Conditions in reception areas JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 19hl, February 22, Vol. 10$, No. 8, p, 10? . Report of a committee appointed by the Minister of Health under the chairmanship of Geoffrey Shakespeare. Covers welfare arrangements, financial allowances, publicity, (DLC) 2601, Evacuation THE ECONOMIST, .(London) 19U1, February 1, Vol. CXL, No. 3'08L, p. lLj.1 Report of the Ministry of Health Committee as to the success of the evacuation experiment after a visit to 1? reception areas. Report suggests remedies for easing the burden on these areals, i.e, better coordination between civil and military billeting authorities, provision of welfare facilites, and the requisitioning of premises, furniture, and equipment. (DLC) 129 EVACUATION, RECEPTION AREAS 2602. Evacuation results in Lancashire THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, November 24, Vol. 43, No. 2443, p. 2409 Report of Dr. W. G. Booth, County Medical Officer regarding the working of the evacuation scheme in Lancashire. Indicates successful absorption of evacuated children. (DLC) 2603. Evacuees and public assistance problems THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, December 8, Vol, 48, No. 2445, p. 2466 Buckinghamshire seeks means of preventing evacuees from gaining "status of irremovability" in reception areas during the war. (DLC) 2604. Evacuees cause water supply problem THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1941, January 17, Vol. 49, No. 2503, p. 80 The problems faced by the City of Bath when an influx of evacuees caused a shortage of water. Shows how an increase in service without an increase in facilities may become serious. (DLC) 2605• First lessons of evacuation THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London) 1940, August. 17, Vol. 64, No. 7, p. 50 The influence of evacuated children on their new surroundings; comparison of evacuated children with the resident children; problems of children with verminous heads; health factors in the new areas. (DSG) 2606,' The first of the camps TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, September 23, No. 1273, pi 377 General description of construction, equipment, and purpose of country school, camp built by the government. (DLC) 2607. First Scottish evacuation camp THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, July 28, Vol. 48, No. 2426, p. 1695 Describes Scotland's school and evacuation camp 130 EVACUATION, RECEPTION AREAS at Broomlee, West Linton*(DLC) 2608, Hardships of evacuees outside official scheme PUBLIC HEALTH (London) 19Ul, May, Vol. 5U, No. 8, p. Ih2 Many evacuees who made their own arrangements in reception areas have returned because it was.financially impossible to remain, as sources of assistance available to official evacuees were not open to them, (DSG) 2609. How Devon met the evacuees TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 19U0, July 6, No, 13lU, p. 266 How this community received and settled its quota of evacuees,(DLC) 26l0, Lambeth holiday camp scheme THE MUNICIPAL -JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 2h, Vol. U8, No, 2i|08, p. 65£fl3LC) 2611. London children in Wales THE OBSERVER (London)“ 19h0, December 29, Vol. 1$0, No. ?809, p. 9 The chairman of the London County Council visits the evacuated children in Wales, A series of parties given by the children for the visitors,(DLC) 2612. Reception areas Til® AND TIDE (London) I9I4.I, February 8, Vol. 22, No, 6, p. 102 "It has always been difficult to obtain a balanced and impartial view on the-progress of evacuation. The original government scheme was heralded as ’all for the best’, but the subsequent publicity given to the seamy side of this difficult migration engendered the belief that it might all be ’all for the worst* ", "After a long period of trial and error, during which the imaginary bombs of 1939 became the real bombs of 19h0 and 19Ul", Mr. Geoffrey Shakespeare’s 131 EVACUATION, RECEPTION AREAS committee on reception areas, appointed by the Minister of Health, declared the government scheme a success, (DLC) 2613, Reception area problems TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, October II4, No. 1276, p. I4OU Problems in the relations between evacuating and receiving authorities, (DLC) 261U. Redistribution THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, September 15, Vol. I48, No. 2k33, p, 20^1 The senior regional officer of the Ministry and the local authorities have agreed to redistribution of evacuated persons among individual districts in relation to accommodations available. The Minister is aware that a number of such adjustments have been made and that the question of numbers can be satisfactorily adjusted in this way,' (DLC) . 26l5, Services to reception areas MOTOR TRANSPORT (London) 19ii0, March 6, Vol, ?0, p. 16 Lists conditions under which permits will be granted for the operation of transportation services to reception areas,(DLC) 26l6. Solving evacuation problems; Minister’s suggestions to local authorities THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, November 2k, Vol, U8, No, p. 2390 Summary of a memorandum issued to local authorities by the Minister of Health, making suggestions for the improvement of the evacuation scheme. The purpose of the memorandum is to lighten the burden on households receiving evacuees, (DLC) 2617. Teachers* board in reception areas TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT. (London) 1939, September 30, No. 1271+, p. 387 The problem of price control. (DLC) 132 EVACUATION, RECEPTION AREAS 26l8, Unequal "spread” of evacuation THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL"(London) 191*1, April h, Vol. k9, No. 2$lU, p. Ul6 v Explains why some areas have increased in population as much as 30 per cent while other areas have increased only 10 per cent. Suggests a more equal distribution in order to avoid overcrowding.(DLC) EVACUATION - RECEPTION AREAS - BILLETING 2619. Advice from Cambridge TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 19U0, April 6, No. 1301, p, 12$ Some recommendations for avoiding past errors in billeting, (DLC) * 2Ó20. ARP; Government evacuation scheme JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London] 1939, January k, Vol, 103, No. 2, p, 30 A survey to be made by selected local authorities of household and other accommodations for the reception of children. The survey constitutes the first step in the 1 Government plans for evacuation, which are based on the principle that children should go first.. The amount of accommodation required for children alone will be sub- stantial. The object of the survey will be to ascertain ♦' the amount of surplus accommodation-based on the standard of one person per habitable room,(DLC) 2621, Billeting allowances for teachers TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 19I4O, June 22, No. 1312, p.‘ 2h6 New allowances for evacuated teachers based on improved scales.(DLC) 2622, Billeting costs of refugees: Recovery SOLICITORSł JOURNAL' (London) “ . 19U0, August 2k9 Vol, 8U, p. U93 The recovery from refugees able to support themselves of all or part of the cost of providing them with board and lodging. (DLC) 133 EVACUATION - RECEPTION AREAS - BILLETING 2623. Billeting in Liverpool JOURNAL OF ROYAL SANITARY INSTITUTE (London) 19Ll, April, Vol, 6l, No, U, pp. 1L3-1L6 Provisions for billeting of ARP and hospital personnel; survey of available accommodations; plan for billeting homeless persons; billeting allowances granted by the government,(DLC) 262U, Billeting powers JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1939, June 2h, Vol. 103,-No. 29, p, h26 Regulations requiring occupiers to provide accommodations, food and care for the children evacuated from big cities* Penalties for non-compliance will be imposed, (DLC) 2629-* A billeting problem THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, September 19, Vol. L8, No, 2ii33, p. 2091 In many districts, the number of particular groups who have arrived varies from the number anticipated with the result that some housewives who were looking forward to the recep- tion and care of school children have been called on to pro- vide lodging for mothers and young children. Some of these . mothers and children have made their way back to their homes* Such action should be discouraged, and the local authorities should refuse facilities enabling individuals to return,(DLC) 2626* Billeting the strangers TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, September 9, No, 1270, p* 360 First reactions to evacuation. Adjustment of children, teachers and teaching schemes, and school buildings,(DLC) 2627. A centre for evacuees TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, November 11, No, 1280, p, U36 How a supervised group of boys redecorated the house they were to occupy*(DLC) 2628, Dislocation and bad billets TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, November 11, No, 1280,' p/ Problems in evacuation and billeting; costs, allocation, quarters for teachers,(DLC) 134 EVACUATION - RECEPTION AREAS - BILLETING 2629. Evacuation of mothers and children JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) \ 1940, October 19, Vol. 104, p. 583 Billeting allowances to be made to householders in certain evacuable areas. (DLC) 2630. The evacuation plans THE LANCET (London) 1939, May 6, Vol. CCXXXVI, No. 6036, p. IO64 Local authorities in nearly all reception areas have re- ported very satisfactorily on their survey of available housing accommodation for city refugees. In Circular 1B00 H, M. Stationery Office, the Minister of Health suggests that the receiving, evacuating, education, and transport authorities co-operate to make detailed plans. A new memo- randum on the evacuation scheme (Memo. Ev. 4, H. M. Station- , ery Officej 3d) states that; the object is to transport from crowded areas about 3 million persons, including school children, younger children with their mothers, expectant , „ ,. mothers and blind persons and cripples. (DLC) 2631.J Evacuation problems: payment of rent' ; JUSTICE*OF THE PEACE (London) " 1939, NoVembeh 4, Vol, 1Ó3, No. 44, p. 709 The evacuation problem has caused many difficulties and some unavoidable hardships. One difficulty involving a compara- tively small number of persons is the non-payment of rent . . for. a house which has, been closed upon the evacuation of a mother with her young children. There appears to be no power under the general law to grant relief for this purpose. The belief is that public assistance authorities of evacuation areas are consistent In refusing to. .authorize the granting of relief. Unless the Ministry of Health grants special per- mission for the payment to be- made, they have no power to do so. (DLC) 2632. The evacuation scheme ' ■ * ‘ JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) „ . 1941, February 1, Vol. ’105, p. 58 — The procedure for the issue of billeting certificates. (DLC) 2633* Evacuation scheme; parents' visits to reception areas JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1940, September 7, Vol. 104, p. 500. 135 EVACUATION - RECEPTION AREAS - BILLETING Provision of cheap rail facilities for visits to children evacuated under the government scheme,(DLC) 263h• Finding billets for evacuees from coastal areas THE MUNICIPAL' JOURNAL (London) 19h0, July 26, Vol. h9, No. 2ii78, p. 981; Local authorities in "neutral" areas engaged in preparing billeting organizations that they may be ready to deal with the influx of persons transferred from the coastal areas in the event of compulsory evacuation of those regions for military purposes,(DLC) 2639. Government accommodation; contributions SOLICITORS* JOURNAL (London) 19Ul, January h, Vol. 85, p* 2 Recovery of contributions from persons lodged under official arrangements.(DLC) 2636. Government evacuation scheme JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1939, September 23, Vol. 103, No. 38, p. 628 Circular (No, 1871) to local authorities on the question of further arrangements to be made in receiving areas under the government evacuation scheme. It is emphasized that, apart from interchanges by the Senior Regional officers, changes of billets can be made with the authorization and approval of the local authority. There are no compulsory powers by which adult individuals can be prevented from governing their own movements, but the local authority should not give any facilities for enabling individuals to return,(DLC) 2637* In a reception town TIMES EDUCATIONAL'SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, September 9, No. 1270, p. 360 Social and other problems in adapting children to billets, (DLC) 2638. In the reception areas THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 19U1, January 1?, Vol. h9, No. Z503, p. 63 How London's evacuated children are faring,(DLC) 136 EVACUATION - RECEPTION AREAS - BILLETING 2639* The lot of evacuated teachers TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, December 2, No. 1283, p. U60 Problems of billeting and allowances.(DLC) 26UO, Other people’s houses JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 19Ul, January 18, Vol, 103, p. 31 Discusses prosecutions for refusal to comply with billeting notices,(DLC) 26Ul• Parents to pay for billeting TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, October 7, No. 1273, p. 396 Details of government scheme to recover from parents part of the cost of billeting evacuated children,(DLC) 26U2. Problems of evacuees; billeting officerłs views in the light of experience THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 19U0, November 29, Vol, U9, p. l£l6 Summary of a prize-winning paper describing current practices in evacuation, and suggesting solutions to many of the prob- lems, Satisfactory billeting rather than education is said to be essential in the successful working out of the evacua- tion of children.(DLC) 26U3. Re-billeting of schools TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, November 11, No, 1280, p. U36 Text of a circular intended to guide authorities in re- billeting, (DLC) 26UU• Recovery from parents of cost of billeting school children JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London! 1939, October lh, Vol, 103, No. Ul, p. 6?0 It has already been announced in answer to Parliamentary questions that the government expects the parents to contribute to the cost of billeting their children. The parent or other persons liable to maintain the child will 137 EVACUATION - RECEPTION AREAS - BILLETING be asked- to pay- the full, charge, , if they can afford to do so. But the government recognizes that in many cases there will not be corresponding relief to the family budget and 'it has accordingly fixed a contribution of 6/ .as the standard allowance,(DLC) 261*9* Recovery of billeting charges JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1911, March 1, Vol. 109, p. 128 Details of financial arrangements to be made by evacuees other than unaccompanied school children.(DLC) 26)4.6. Recovery of cost of billeting school children JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) I9I4O, January-20, Vol, lOl*,. p. 31 Difficulties in recovering from parents of the cost of billeting school children.(DLC) 261*7.. The self' contained billeting officer Wilson, H, LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE (London) 19l|0, November, No. 11, Vol, 20, p. 21*9 (DLC) 261*8, The unbilletables JUSTICE OF 'THE PEACE (London) 19l*l, January 18, Vol. 109, No, 3,- p. *31 Halls and hostels are provided for evacuees whose personal habits prevented their being accepted into private homes of reception areas,(DLC) 261*9 • Voluntary or compulsory billeting of the civil population Rainey-Edwards,' W, THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 19l|0, October 29, Vol. 1*9, p. 1399 The problems involved in the dispersal of urban civilian population during wartime with emphasis on psychological adjustments necessary for evacuees.(DLC) 138 EVACUATION - SOCIAL PROBLEMS 2650. ’’Borrowed Children”; An account of some evacuation problems and their remedies. Strachey, Amy I9I4O, New York, Commonwealth Fund, I4I East 57th St., p. 149 An account of evacuation in its initial stage shows tne experiment successful and the reader, whether parent, sociologist or psychologist gains valuable truths about children. Hostesses or foster mothers can read of the problem and find help: when a social worker is needed - when a psychologist. Case histories are given and quota- tions from talks (with case histories) of Dr, Wm. Moodie, head of the Child Guidance Clinic, Emotional upsets of the young evacuees are mentioned. The adjustments are discussed, (DLC) 2651. Children in flight; some pictures of the evacuation Body, Alfred Harris I9I4O, London, University of London Press , p. 95, illus, ’’The story of the first three months of the evacuation” told through ”a series of typical scenes based on material gathered from many widely, separated areas,” Emphasis is placed on sociological problems involved in the transfer of urban children to rural districts and to foster parents. (DLC) • ‘ . ■ • 2652. Discussion of the problems of the evacuee child In Royal Society of Medicine, Proceedings, (London) I9U0, May, Vol. 33, pp. 37U-3Ö6 ■■ ■ Mental and physical difficulties experienced by the evacuated child. Problems arising from changed environment.(DLC) 26^3. Evacuation JUSTICE CE THE PEACE ■,(London), I9I4O, November 2, Vol. lOli, No. I4I4, p. 6O8 Problems involved in the billeting of evacuated women and children,(DLC) 265)14. Evacuation and the child’s mind THE LANCET Tlöndön) 1939, December 2, Vol. 237, No. 6o66, p. 1192 Since many children are being taken from their parents at an age when their need for security and for comforting assurance of familiar faces is great, a system providing social and mental growth should be established,(DLC 139 EVACUATION - SOCIAL PROBLEMS 2699. Evacuation and welfare JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 19U0, July 22, Vol. IOU, p. 3h3 . Comments on issues raised in an article in the magazine "Social Work" dealing with social welfare in reception areas.(DLC) 2696, Evacuation; health 'and welfare services JUSTICE OF THE PEACETLondon) I9UI, February 19, Vol. 109, No. 7, p. 98 Covers government expenditures, domiciliary medical treatment, infectious diseases, and hospital■treatment.(DLC) 2697. Evacuation. Problems in reception areas. Public health and social'welfare. THE BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London) 19l*l, February 8, No. 4179, pp. 207-208 The clash between the town and country people. Welfare arrangements. Hospital services- and medical treatment. Boarding the evacuated children.(DSG) 2698, Evacuation schemes and welfare work THE MEDICAL OFFIC ER-(Tondon) I9I4O, April 27, Vol. 63, p. 190 Welfare service for evacuated .mothers and children. Special institutions for persons evacuated by order of government.(DSG) 2699. More light on dispersal TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 19U0, March 16, No. 1298, p. 100 Some problems revealed by investigation of evacuation.(DLC) 2660, The movement of population during the war THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL'(London) 19U0, September 27, Vol. h9, No. 21*87, p. 1239 A sanitary inspector discusses the problems involved in moving whole populations into strange areas, and the lack of sanitary education in certain places.(DLC) 2661. Sfollamento in guerra delle citta e organizzazione dell Assis- tenz a materna ed infantile (Evacuating a city in wartime and organizing for maternal and child'welfare) LA CLINICA OSTETRICA (Rome) ' 1939, Vol. la, pp. 118-193 Particular considerations of the problems of mother and lho EVACUATION - SOCIAL PROBLEMS child-care caused by wartime evacuation or dispersal,(DLC) 2662. A study of evacuation (editorial) PUBLIC HEALTH (London) 19h0, September, Vol. 53, No. 12, p, 25l Report of the Fabian Society. Social problems of evacuation. Domestic and social consequences. Psychological issues.(DLC) 2663. Transplanted, children. The problem of evacuation THE LANCET (London) 19Ul, January 25, Vol, 1, No, U, p, 118 Emotional strain. Child guidance clinics. Breakdowns among evacuated children,(DSG) 266U. War strain in children . THE LANCET TLońdonJ ■ • 19iil, January 25, Vol, 1, No. U, p, 121 Anxiety cases among evacuated children; neurotic cases in shelters.(DLC) 2665. , Problems evakuatsii v PVO (Problems of evacuation irr ARP) A. L. VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBORONY (Moscow) 1937, No. U, pp. 50-5)4 This is a review of an article appearing in a German magazine .GASSCHUTZ UND LUFTSCHUTZ (year and number not given). The reviewer divides the subject matter in three parts: (a) division of city into sections according to possible danger of air raids, (b) when to evacuate, (c) evacuation of animals and personal belongings.(DLC), EXHIBITIONS 2666, ARP exhibitions THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 19U1, May 16, Vol. 128, Mo. 3326, p. 560 Exhibits submitted to Research Department are to be- liii EXHIBITIONS shown in London, (DLC) 2667. Maidstone's ARP exhibition THE MUNICIPAL JOUICVJ 1939, February 17, i cl R8, No. 2U03, p. 387 Over U0 firms, exhibiting at Maidstone’s aRP exhibition, show every conceivable form of protection. In the windows on either side of the entrance are displayed two dummy figures in ARP protective clothing and uniforms. (DLC) EXPECTANT MOTHERS 2668, Evacuated and non-evacuated maternity cases, May-December 19n0 PUBLIC HEALTH TÜJndory ' Ipl+l, May, Vol. Si;., No, 8, p. I4O Registration of expectant mothers for evacuation was made at the beginning of the war. Several who registered did not go; others refused to stay because of unsatisfactory condi- tions of billets or because of financial difficulties. (DSC) 2669» Nursing and evacuation scheme. Provision for expectant mothers JUSTICE OF THE"PEACE (London) 1939, July 22, Vol. 103, No. 29, p. U93 Announcement at the Queens Institute of District Nursing that householders in the reception area under the govern- ment’s evacuation scheme are not obliged, to take in exceptant mothers, unless on understanding that the confinement will take place in a maternity home. A heavy call on the services of midwives in reception areas is expected, and steps have already been taken to secure an adequate response, (DLC) FACTORIES, PROTECTION OF. See also COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY 2670. Air raids and output THE NO STATESMAN AND NATION (London) 19h0, August 2h, Vol. XX, No. h96, p. 177 Courage is essential in preventing disaster from aerial 142 FACTORIES, PROTECTION OF attacks; therefore effort should be made to have normal working hours, improved lighting and ventilation in fac- tories, and a decentralized system of air raid warnings. Such changes would help the worker to keep physically fit and prevent frequent interruptions in the output, (DLC) 2671. Air safety for factories POPULAR SCIENCE (New York) 1941, July, Vol, 139, No, 1, p. 48, illus. An architect surveys the problem of industrial bombing pro- tection, Some typical danger signs are pointed out in an aerial photo of an American manufacturing area, such as the old style "dazzle" camouflage for factory/- roofs, (DLC) 2672, Analyzing air conditioning costs for blackout plants ENGINEERING NEWS - RECORD (Albany! 1941, May 8, Vol. 126, No. 19, p. 83 "Blackout” plants which have solid walls with no windows and solid roofs with no skylights, must have air condi- tioning, Four types of air conditioning systems are ana- lyzed for an 840,000 sq, ft, factory of that kind. The cheapest system that permits year-round operation is in- dicated to be independent zone unit type, (DLC) 2673« ARP in factories THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, April 7, Vol. CXXIV, No. 3216, p. 871 The responsibility for protection of employees in factories during air raids rests upon the owner. An explanation of the factory ARP scheme and the plans for shelters. The knowledge gained through a study and survey of shelters has been offered free to all industrial executives, (DLC) 2674* ARP in factories ELECTRICAL REVIEW (London) 1939, July 21, Vol. 125, No, 3217, p. 91 To give protection to seven hundred employees at the Apex Ih3 FACTORIES, PROTECTION OF Works in South Wimbledon, there are now nearing completion twelve shelters, many of which hold about fifty persons; a first aid post; and a fire station. All these buildings are above ground, either within the factory itself or adjacent to it and are incorporated in the existing structures in such a way that there is little interference with their normal function, (DLC) 2675>* ARP problem in industrial location is solved by these sites BUSINESS (London) 1939, February, Vol. LXIX, No, 2, p. 36, illus. A new problem in factory location today is that of consider- ing sites for extension or transference of existing works. Adequate ARP schemes should be prepared at all industrial centers, but new factories should be built far away from scenes of hostility. Various areas suggested for suitable location. (DLC) 2676.- Blackout regulations and factory ventilation THE LANCET (London) 19ii0, February 3, Vol. CCXXXVIII, No. 6075, p. 21;7 The factory department has given special attention to the problem of ventilation regulations at times when windows have to be obscured. Based on experience obtained from technical departments or information obtained from technical bodies, recommendations have been made to inspectors which would enable factory occupiers to overcome the difficulty in a variety of ways. (DLC) 2677* Building a blackout plane plant ENGINEERING NUTS - RECORD (Albany) 19U1, May 8, Vol. 126, No. 19, p. 6U This article concerns the North American Aviation plant near Dallas Texas. It is one of the first blackout types to be built by the aviation industry; includes one main building 90U x 9SU ft., and several auxiliary buildings. It is air conditioned and lighted with fluorescent units, Arall and roof construction is of cellular sheet metal. (DLC) 144 FACTORIES, PROTECTION OF 2678. Design for defence. (Defense of plants) HEATING AND VENTILATING (New York) 1941, January, Vol, 38, No. 1, p. 29 The principal objectives in full protection against aerial bombardment are (l) effective camouflage, (2) blackout of building from aerial view at night, and (3) designing of buildings to afford maximum protection against the ex- plosion of bombs and shells. Discussion regarding the \ desirability of building windowless factories. "The window- less building has advantages and corresponding disadvantages. It may be the proper solution in one case and an expensive white elephant in another”. (DLC) 2679. Emergency protection in factories THE TIMES TRADE AND ENGINEERING (London) 1940, October, Vol. XLVII, No. 920, p. 35 Memorandum #16 issued by the Ministry of Home Security shows how protection can be improvised for workers who continue at work after public air raid warning. Lateral protection can often be obtained through the use of external walls; the arrangement of machines and materials being manufactured offer a certain measure of lateral protection. (DLC) 2680. Factory air raid precautions THE ELECTRICAL REVIEW (London) 1938, December 2, Vol. 123, No. 3184,?:. 785 The Midland Electric Manufacturing Co. has devised plans whereby its employees may be protected and the buildings safeguarded, as follows: central control for the receiving of information and orders from local authorities’ ARP headquarters, together with area and supply control; wreckage and maintenance squads; first aid and cleansing posts; de- contamination squads•and evacuation plans. A demonstration is being arranged in the near future to enable employees to . see the steps which have been taken for their protection and accommodation. (DEC) * 2681. How this industrial company’s ARF plan was made efficient BUSINESS (London) 1941, April, Vol. LXXI, No. 4, p. 22 The personnel in charge of the cleansing stations, on the 145 FACTORIES, PROTECTION OF ground floor of the factory, received training in various branches of ARP (according to the hand book of the govern- ment), In the cleansing stations, men and women are to receive first aid if the factory is bombed. There are first aid kits, dressing rooms, shower rooms, and nurses in the stations. Those who are fire fighters have watching posts on each floor of the building. There are containers in various parts of the factory for storage of water in case of fire. Sand is used by the fire fighters in dealing with incendiary bombs. Minor casualties are taken care of by the stretcher parties. (DLC) 2682. Let1s protect our plants AIR TRAILS (New York) 1941, March, Vol. XV, No. 6, pp. 24-25 Steps taken by the government and industry to protect manufacturing plants. (DLC) 2683. Need for safety in factories THE STATESMAN (Calcutta) 1940, November 7, No. 880, p. 8 Employers are reminded that safe working conditions increase efficiency of workers; establishment of safety first committees for safety first methods; introduction of the maternity benefit act and its effect on women. (DLC) 2684. Protecting defense plants from air attacks HEATING AND VENTILATING (Chicago) 1941, May, Vol. 38, No. 5, p. 27 A revised issue of "Minimum Requirements for Passive Defense Protection for Munitions Plants" summarizes the war depart- ment’s most recent opinions on the protection of manufactur- ing plants against air attack. The suggestions cover the following: selection of site, arrangement, construction of buildings, blackout provisions, protection against bombs, and concealment. (DLC) 146 FACTORIES, PROTECTION OF 2685. Zashchita naseleniia i organizatsiia proizvodstva y usloviakh vozdushnykh naletov protivnika (Protection of the civilian population and organization of industrial establishments to function under air raid conditions) lonin, VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBORONY (Moscow) 1938, No. 12, pp. 34-6 The author states the problem under four general headings: (l) evacuation and dispersement of the population, (2) shel- ters, (3) organization of workers inside the plants, (4) the "clean up" squads after the raids. The first heading takes up the question of who is to be evacuated and where; the second heading covers dugouts, trenches, and specially built shelters. Fragments, concussion waves, poison gases, and fires are also discussed under No. 2; the third heading takes up the problems of relief of workers, schedules, preparedness and other questions pertinent to uninterrupted production. Under heading 4, the author discusses the general duties of the "clean up" squads, water supply, sewage, fires, coramunica' tions, poison hazards. (DLC) 2686. Werkluftschutz (Air raid protection for industrial works) ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR GEWERBEHYGIENE UND UNFALLVERHÜTUNG (Vienna) 1935, April, Vol. 42, No, 4, pp. 63-64 Factory management and hostile aerial attacks. Necessary preparations for industrial protection. The dual alarm system. Regulations for factory workers4- passage to safety rooms. Rules for lighting and blackout. (DSG) FACTORY LIGHTING, See BLACKOUT - LIGHTING - FACTORY LIGHTING FACTORY SHELTERS, See SHELTERS, INDUSTRIAL FINANCE - GREAT BRITAIN 2687. Accounting: and costing for ARP THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, July 28, Vol. IS, No. 2426, p. 1752 The growing expenditure on air raid precautions has necessi- tated accounting organization to deal with the financial and cost accounting relative to these activities. (DLC) Iii7 FINANCE - GREAT BRITAIN 2688. Civil defense costs THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, July 28, Vol. 58, No. 21+26, p. 1731 It is urged that the government proceed without further delay to consider how the cost of emergency services rendered by local authorities should be divided between the Government and the authorities. (DLC) 2689. Civil defense liabilities; metropolitan boroughs1 action THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL' (London) " 1939, December 8, Vol. 1+8, No. 21+1+5, P* 21+68 Serious financial position caused by increased expendi- ture on civil defense services and diminished income of the boroughs. (DLC) 2690. Cost of air raid precautions THE SURVEYOR-(London) 1937, August, Vol. XCII, No. 2376, p. I6I4 It is believed that the greater part of the costs of air raid precaution will be met by the Government, and the maintenance, cost and upkeep will be carried by local government, (DLC) 2Ó91. Cost of air raid precautions THE SURVEYOR-(London) 1937, October, Vol. XCII, No. 2386, p. 1+52, (DLC) 2692. Defence loans bill POLITICS IN REVIEW (London) 1939, January-March, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 60-70 Extracts from speeches made during debates in the House of Commons. (DLC) 2693« Expediting sanction of expenditure THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, September 15, Vol. 1+8, No. 21+33, p* 201+2 The whole procedure for sanctioning expenditure on the ARP projects in the West of Scotland has speeded up since the outbreak of war, so that for soundly based schemes, authorization can be given almost "on the spot". (DLC) 148 FINANCE - GREAT BRITAIN 2694« Finance of ARP THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, July 7, Vol. XLVIII, No. 2423, p. 1551 Why the government should finance the ARP as well as other defense services, (DLC) 2695* Gas regulation and ARP THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 3, Vol. 48, No. 2405, p. 491 Efforts made to induce the government to bear all expendi- tures incurred by local authorities during emergencies * (DLC) 2696. Hundred per cent grants for ARP - Financial and administrative problems of the smaller authorities. THE 'MUNICIPAL JOURNAL '(London) 1939- June 9, Vol. 48, No. 2419, p. 1285 The financial and administrative problems confronting the smaller authorities in ARP work. Grants described as "ex- tremely mean." Makes plea for the elimination of avoidable overlapping, which results in delay and expense, (DLC) 2697. Landlord* s property tax in wartime. ARP works THE LAW TIMES (LondonT* 1939, December 9, Vol, 188, No, 5045, P« 361 Under sec. 17 of the Finance Act, 1938, it is provided that, in estimating the annual assessed value of any building no consideration is given to any room or part of a building which has been added at any time after the building was first assessed, or that was included in the building before it was so assessed, solely for the purpose of affording protection in the event of air raids,.and that was not used for any other purpose. Exemption from tax under Schedule A is also given for any separate unit of assessment which is intended to be occupied and used for the purpose of protection against air raids. (DLC) 2698, Payment of ARP personnel THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, November 3, Vol. 48, No. 2440, p. 2300. Problems connected with reimbursement of local authorities by the Government for money spent as wages to ARP workers, (DLC) 149 FINANCE - GREAT BRITAIN 2699. Rating of bombed premises THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 19lil, February 28, Vol. 1*9, No. p. 2U9 An outline of methods used in determining the tax rate on structures that have been damaged by bombs,(DLC) 2700, Urban district councils in conference THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, July 7, Vol. XLVTII, No. 2U23, p. l£i*8 The government is asked to reconsider de-rating and shoulder whole financial burden of ARP,(DLC) 2701. Vast sums spent for ARP - England since 1938 crisis SCIENCE NEWS LETTER. "(Washington, D."C.) 1939, Vol. 36, No. 20, p. 311. (DLC) 2702, Voluntary hospitals and civil defense THE LANCET (LondonJ 1939, August 5, Vol. 237, No. 601*9, p. 3U0 The Minister of Health is asked about the complaints from voluntary hospitals, and the Government contribution in case of war casualties. The reply is that the government has accepted full responsibility for the cost of treatment of war casualties in voluntary hospitals,(DLC) 2703. Worcestershire ARP buildings THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, February 17, Vol. I4.8, No. 21*03, p. 389 A report of the ARP committee on the cost of new buildings, i, e,, twenty-three party and cleansing depots at -ŁÓ00 each. Expenditures for salaries, traveling expenses would be approximately L12,000 per year.(DLC) FIRE EXTINCTION. See also BOMBS, INCENDIARY 2?0U• Air raid precautions HARDWARE AND MACHINERY '(Melbourne) May 17, Vol. £6, p. l£, illus. A detailed description with illustrations of the "Rega" ARP l5o EXTINCTION bucket pump approved by the Fire Brigade officials and air raid wardens of Britain,(DLC) 2709. Air raid precautions. Discussion In Institution Of Civil Engineers Of Ireland, Transactions. "(Dublin) 19i|0, November, to 19Ul, May, Vol, 67, pp. I6I4.-I67 Need for public instruction in fire fighting; application of the Fire Brigades Act in slum areas; method of increasing water supply; type of fire fighting apparatus for civilian use; increase of interest of volunteer fire fighters; devel- opment of consciousness in the general public.(DLC) 2706, Air raid precautions. Some aspects of fire-fighting under war conditions. Comerford, J, J, In Institution Of Civil Engineers Of Ireland, Transactions "(Dublin) 19U0, November* to 1941, May, Vol, 67, pp. 123~lUU An article on the technical aspects of modern methods of fighting fires caused by incendiary bombs, aerial bombard- ment, and high explosive bombing. These methods have been adopted by professional engineers and used by the fire service. Topics discussed are: (l) the causes of fires under war conditions and the weapons used to cause such fires, (2) the equipment used for dealing with such fires, (3) structural and other aspects, (h) water supply,(DLC) 2707. ARP and fire protection THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939* April 28, Vol, U8, No. 2U13, p. 9li9 Summary of the discussion at a meeting of the ARP institute at the Royal Society of Arts in London on April 18, 1939. Lieut, Col, Guy Syraonds, fire adviser to the Home Office, introduced the subject,(DLC) 2708. ARP conversions THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1939, July 13, Vol, 86, No. 27)41, p. 26 Description of refuse vehicles converted into emergency ARP fire engines. The body has the usual semicircular covers for side loading; replacement of water-tight rear flap door converts body into a mobile water tank.(DLC) 151 FIRE EXTINCTION 2709. ARP fire pump trailer THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 31, Vol. 48, No. 2409, p. 745 Many interesting types of fire pump trailers are now available, powered by Ford 8 H. P. engines. One of the latest is the new light trailer, designed by Briggs Motor Bodies, Ltd, The engine and pump assembly are protected from the weather and mounted on a two wheel cradle for easy handling. (DLC) 2710. ARP fire pumps built like cars THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL” ( London) 1939, April 7, Vol. 48, No. 2410, p. 792 Small pumping units that can be towed by a car or easily handled by a few men will be useful for dealing quickly with small fires when larger equipment may not be available (DLC) 2711. ARP in the universities THE LANCET (London 1939, September 16, Vol. 237, No. 6055, p. 665 In Edinburgh continuous fire patrols of the university are being organized. Students form the personnel, with members of the staff as leaders. First aid posts and shelters have been constructed and eouipped. Subterranean shelters have been excavated, (DLC) 2712. British turntable ladder for Paris fire brigade THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, July 14, Vol. 48, No. 2424, p. 1626 The adoption of the Merryweather steel turn table ladder for regular duty and for passive defense ARP. (DLC) 2713» Civil defense THE ECONOMIST (London) 1941, May 17, Vol. 140, No. 5099, p. 653 The country*s 1,400 fire services are to be transferred from local to state control to facilitate co-ordination and mobil- ity. The regional framework provided by the areas of the twelve defense commissioners will be used. (DLC) 152 FIRE EXTINCTION 27lh. Civil defense front news THE MUNICIPAL J0URNAL"TLondon) 19).il, March 21, Vol. h9, No. 2512, p. 363' Discusses danger of chloride gas in areas where batteries may be stored; warns against the use of sea water for fire fighting in those areas. Describes training of firemen under actual war conditions in the London area, (DLC) 2715# Common sense and fire fighting COUNTRY LIKE "(London) 19hl, January 2,5, Vol# LXXXIX, No. 22, p, 70 Success in dealing with incendiary bombs came as result of sufficient volunteers at hand for fire-fighting and first-aid, according to the Home Secretary, (DLC) 2716. Compulsory fire duty in the city THE FINANCIAL TIMES^(London) 19)41, April 26, No. 16264-, p. 3 Exempted classes asked, to register and enroll for fire prevention. (DLC) 2717. Die verkehrsbedeutung der privat-und kleinbahnen in der kriegswirtschaft (The importance of trade of private and narrow gauge railways in war economy VERKEHRSTECHNIK (Berlin*) 1930, December 20, Vol# 20, copy 21;, pp. 529-530 The use of large numbers of motor vehicles for military purposes(direct and indirect) places greater loads on small railways throughout the Reich, Normal amount of commerce handled by railroads and trucks compared to war- time conditions. Attempts made to coordinate the detached routes. (DPR) 2718. Dumbarton *s new fire tender • • THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 19h0, October 25, Vol. 29, p. 1371, illus. Detailed description of a fire truck recommended for municipalities with limited budgets, (DLC) 153 FIRE EXTINCTION 2719. Emergency fire brigade organization THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, July 7, Vol. XLVIII, No. 2423, p. 1530 Problems arising in the organization of the emergency fire brigade and means of overcoming them were detailed in a paper by Mr. W, H. Baker. An attempt to arouse and maintain a lively interest on the part of the personnel. (DLC) 2720, Emergency powers (defense) fire precautions THE LAW JOURNAL (London) 1941, January 25, Vol. XCI, No. 3915, pp. 38-38 "Obligation of occupiers to make adequate arrangements for detecting and combating fires; occupiers of adjoining premises to make arrangements; reports of inability to make arrange- ments; powers of authority in default of occupiers’ arrange- ment; delegation of functions of minister." (DLC) 2721. Fire alarm system for large buildings THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, October 4, Vol. 49, No. 2488, p . 1282 The necessity for efficient alarm system in resisting fire raids. Various types of apparatus and procedure are described in some detail. (DLC) 2722, Fire brigade and police force THE MANCHESTER GUARDIAN (London) 1941, March 28, No. 29487, p. 3 The Manchester City Council requests formation of a fire brigade distinct from the city police force. (DLC) 2723. Fire brigades carry on THE OBSERVER (London) 1940, September 8, No, 7789, p, 7 At work while bombs burst. (DLC) 2724. Fire brigade service THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, January 6, Vol. 48, No. 2397, p. 51 The fact that buildings along the Seine River are all easily accessible to land fire fighting apparatus has, until now, rendered the use of fireboats unnecessary in Paris. The danger of an interruption of the water supply in case of air raids has led the Paris fire department to build two fire- boats, (DLC) 154 FIRE EXTINCTION 2725. Fire fighters ask President’s aid to survey fire service for defense THE AMALGAMATED JOURNAL (Pittsburg, Pa.) 1940, September 19, Vol, 42, No. 3, p. 17 The International Fire Fighters Association, of Washington, D. C., urged President Roosevelt to order an immediate survey of the adequacy of fire fighters throughout the Nation. The important defense role played by fire departments of European cities indicates that the fire departments must be efficient in every detail in combating fires due to incendiary bombs. (DLC) 2726. Fire fighting duty THE OBSERVER (London) 1941, February 2, No. 7810, p. 8 Members of Civil defense service, the police, and the home guard are warned not to leave these services for fire fighting duty. (DLC) 2727. Fire fighting services THE OBSERVER (London) 1941, April 27, No. 7Ö22, p. 6 The battle against fire and high explosives at home held to be as important as battle in Atlantic. "Battle of flames tests every joint in the amour and shows up every weakness." (DLC) 2728, Fire prevention in London THE OBSERVER (London) 1941, January 26, No. 7809, p. 9 The fire prevention order for occupiers of factories and commercial and business premises. ARP authorities satisfied with influx of fire fighters. Present gas mask held adequate for Hitler’s chemicals, (DLC) 2729. Hail to the A. F. S. FIRE ENGINEERING (New York) 1940, November, Vol. 93, No. 11, p. 551 The Auxiliary Fire Service in Great Britain has been a great surprise; even though untrained, its members have proven their ability to battle fires and withstand punishment. They have withstood hunger and thirst while fighting prolonged fires under aerial bombardment. The three hundred thousand men of the Auxiliary Fire Service "have become a first line of defense. (DEC) 155 FIRE EXTINCTION 2730, How London fought the fires THE OBSERVER (LondonJ 19kl, April 20, No. 7821, p. 5 Brunt of attack taken by A, F, S. men; incendiaries dealt with so efficiently that conflagrations reduced to small fires; personnel and equipment shifted as needs arose.(DLC) 2731. How the fire-fighting squads are tackling the problem of incendiary bombs THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS (London) 19hl, February, Vol, 198, No, 5313, p. 218, illus. In every important building throughout the British Isles, there has been organized afire fighting service. Six men and a commander are on duty day and night, for incen- diary bombs falling on buildings. There are loopholes in the sheet steel-covered roof so that it can be watched, without going outside. During blackouts hurricane lamps are used instead of electric lights,(DLC) 2732, Immediate steps THE AMERICAN CITY (New York) 19U1, February, Vol. 56, No. 2, p. 5 It is recommended that the Chemical Warfare Service and Ordnance Department of the War Department give training courses to municipal fire officers in the techniques and skills of fighting fires caused by incendiary and explo- sive bombs. These officers in turn would give this train- ing to the personnel of their own local departments,(DLC) 2733. In brief THE AMERICAN OBSERVER (Washington, D. C.) 19Ul, February 10, Vol. 10, No. 21, p, 8 "London has organized its citizens to put out the fires, started by incendiary bombs which are dropped from enemy planes,n A "Gadget" shaped like a "bomb snuffer" is used. When an incendiary bomb is discovered the housewife holds attached to the snuffer a long pole, and releases enough sand to smother the flames,(DLC) 273lu New pumping units tested THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, May 5, Vol, U8, No, 2i;lU, p. 1011, illus. New large scale ARP pumping units described. These are to be supplied to local authorities throughout the country.(DLC) 156 FIRE EXTINCTION 273.3. The prevention of fires in wartime' SOLICITORS» JOURNAL (London") I9J4I, February 1, Vol. 83, No, 3, p. 3l Examination' of defense regulations relating to the prevention of fires on business premises as. a result of hostile attacks. Describes also those sections requiring all British subjects to perform civil defense duties.(DLC) 2736. The problem of fire fighting (improvements imperative) THE OB SERVER- I. on d on") ' 19U1, April 27, No. 7322, p. 6 Every raid carries with it the peril of a major blaze and disruption of city life. The inestimable reserve of sup- plies needed for a blaze started by incendiaries. Recom- mendations for a full time fire chief to control the fire brigades and fire watchers,(DLC) 2737. Progress of the Auxiliary Fire Service THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London! 1939, July lU, Vol. i|8, No. 2h2h, p. 1380. Photo. An address by‘Mr. A. L. Dixon to the Air Raid Protection Institute concerning the main factors to be considered in an emergency, with emphasis on the auxiliary fire service, (DLC) £738,' Powder as a fire extinguisher THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 19U0, September 6, Vol, U9, No. 2U8U, p.1170 The National fire protection Co, Ltd,, of Richmond, Surrey, have perfected "National D. X, Powder”,which is guaranteed to put out fires in metals in the incipient stages. This is considered an important defence against incendiary bombs, (DLC) 2739. Refugees and air raid plans bring Europe health problems SCIENCE NEWS LETTER~T1Nashington, D ,C,) ' 1939, April, Vol. 33, No..13, pp. 197-198 Plans made to move civilians as a precaution against air raids, (DLC). • 157 FIRE EXTINCTION 2750, Standard ARP specifications THE'TIMES TRADE AND ENGINEERING (London) 1950, August, Vol. XLVII, No. 918, p, 25 A specification (ARP #33) of the British Standards Institu- • tion details the performance of stirrup pumps which prevent the scattering of burning material when the spray is directed upon an incendiary bomb, "Another specification (ARP #38) relates to traffic paints for road markings." (DLC) 27Ul• Steel claw lifts fire bombs from inaccessible places POPULAR MECHANICS MAGAZINE (Chicago) 1951, June, Vol. 75, No. 6, p. 33 London fire fighters have been equipped with a new tool for defense against the incendiary bomb. It is a steel claw mounted on a long handle and is used to grip bombs that have fallen into inaccessible spots and lift them away before the fire gains a headway, (DLC) 27u2, A survey of the fire service Craig, A. B, THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, April 28, Vol. U8, No. 21*13, p. 955 The development of the fire brigade service in relation to ARP. Some problems to consider. (DLC) 27U3• Testing the fire fighters THE ECONOMIST~(London) 19i|l, April 26, Vol. CXI, No* 5096, p. 550 Some particularly heavy air raids in recent weeks have fully tested the efficiency of the half-voluntary, half- compulsory fire prevention scheme inaugurated in the new year. The work of the fire fighters has won semiofficial, commendation. No fires in the big- London raid became con- flagrations, The strain on the firefighting services in London is still great and intensified in some areas by>tx . shortage of water. (DLC) 27UU. Trailer pumps widely used for air raid fire protection FIRE ENGINEERING (New York") 19Ul, February, Vol. 9hf No. 2, p. 81 Auxiliary fire forces have been organized in Great Britain 158 FIRE EXTINCTION as a result of air raids. There are approximately 2>0f000 trailer pumps in use in England, 3*000 in London. The three types used in Britain are: heavy pumps, capacity 700 to 900 gallons per minute at 100 pounds pressure; medium trailer pumps, capacity 250 to 350 gallons per minute at 100 pounds pressure; light trailer pumps, capacity of 120 to 160 gallons per minute at 60 pounds pressure. The latter has not proved very effective# (DLC) 27U5« Unified fire services LABOUR (London] 19l;l, June, Vol, 3, No. 10, p. 885 Unified control of the fire fighting services in England, Wales and Scotland is the objective of the Fire Services Act. Local control over fire fighting services thus passes to the Exchequer, but local authorities must contribute 75$ of the present cost of regular fire brigades. The main object of this act is to organize the country's fire fight- ing services to meet incendiary attacks from the enemy in any part of the country. (DLC) 27U6. War strain in Britain MEDICAL RECORD'(New York) 19U1, March, Vol. 153, No. 5, p. 1U9 War strain on civil population caused by terrorism, air-raids and fatigue. (DLC) 27li7. Wartime building technique - fire fighting equipment ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 19hl, March llx, Vol. CXXVIII, No. 3317, p. 296 Many builders and architects are called on to give their opinion as to what is needed for the protection of buildings ARP Handbook No. 9 "Incendiary bombs and fire precautions" (H.M. Stationery Office) is recommended, ARP Memorandum pub- lications are also useful: "Fire Protection in factories", "Fire Protection, Hints to Householders", and "Emergency Fire Brigade Organization". "ARP Handbook No. 9" specifies water supplies required for different types of fire, according to size and class of premises. (DLC) 27U8. Wartime fire services THE MUNICIPAL' JOURNAL (London) 19U0, July 19, Vol. k9, No. 21x77, p. 9Ü2 A review of precautionary measures taken by the fire services for wartime; the value of liaison work with the ARP wardens; the importance of cooperation between ARP wardens and the fire patrols. (DLC) 159 FIRE EXTINCTION 27U9• Wartime fire services; a review of precautionary measures; value of work with ARP wardens Colemen, L. E, THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 191*0, July 19, Vol. 1*9, No. 21*77, p. 9l*2 Results of work are reported to be generally satisfactory. Solutions of many specific problems are offered,(DLC) 2750. Water storage for fire-fighting THE SURVEYOR (LondorTT 191*1, February lU, Vol. XGIX, No. 2560, p. 12i* Concrete basins on open ground and cellar tanks on abandoned premises are utilized to store water for fire-fighting dur- ing season of drought.(DPR) 2751. Wireless for fire brigade communications THIS MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London] 1939, July ll*, Vol. 1*8, No. 2l*2l*, p. 1623 A paper by Chief Officer T. A, Yarley, Blackpool, describing the part wireless can play in improving communications between the headquarters fire station and action station; and its value in linking up scattered units.(DLC) 2752. The work of the fire service during and following air raids FIRE ENGINEERINGHew York)' 19i*0, October, Vol. 93, No. 10, p. 1*98, illus. The fire service will be faced, should war reach the continent with a great responsibility in guarding against fire, and the protection of the lives of citizens from danger from high explosives and incendiary bombs. The type, nature, and the effect of the action of the bombs must be known, and each creates a task for the fire service. A description of the various types of bombs and their effects are noted.(DLC) The work of the fire service during and following air raids FIRE EMGINEERINGTNgw York) 19l*0, November, Vol. 93, No, 11, p, 551 The regular fire department forms the nucleus around which all fire fighting activities must center, and an auxiliar;/ fire fighting force must be developed. Rescuing a great number of persons found beneath debris is one of the diffi- cult jobs of fire service during air raids. Auxiliary fire- men properly trained can be of great value in work of this kind.(DLC) 160 FIRE EXTINCTION 2754* The world* s week THE OBSERVER (London) 1941, April 27, No. 7822, p. 4 Close cooperation among neighboring authorities recommended to curtail fire hazards. The need of adequate training and drill for the enlisted helpers. (DLC) FIRE PRECAUTIONS 2755. AR? THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, April 7, Vol. 124, No. 3216, p, 919 As a precaution against fire, wash the attic woodwork thoroughly with a lime wash, lay a flooring of sheet metal, asbestos, cement, or other fire resisting material. (DLC) 2756, ARP in the country TRADE AND ENGINEERING (London) 1940, June, Vol. XLVII, No. 916, p. 34 Remoteness of farm buildings and country houses does not mean that adequate precautions from aerial attack should not be taken. Protective boots and clothing, fire buckets, hose, sand, etc., should bq kept ready at, or near, build- ings; pumps suitable for towing by a car or hauling by hand are recommended where such can be afforded. (DLC) 2757. Chemische Feuerschutzmittal (Chemical Protection against fires) Holzschutz,, Gegen Feuer Und Seine Bedeutung Im Luftschutz pp. 28-40 Hetz, Ludwig 1939, Berlin, VDI Verlag, To lessen its inflammability, wood may be treated by painting, soaking, etc., with suitable chemical substances. This pro- cess is in frequent use, particularly in the United States. If the woodwork of an attic has been painted or soaked with a protective chemical cover, the danger of a quick spreading of fire, caused by a bomb-attack, is materially lessened, provided all inflammable objects have been removed from the attic. 161 FIRE PRECAUTIONS The chemical protective substances against fire are classic fied as follo'tfs: 1. Mechanically effective protective substances. The application of these substances upon the woodwork forms upon the latter a non-inflammable cover, 2, Melting substances. These penetrate, at the development of heat, into the woodwork and thus prevent the burning of the developing charcoal. 3. Foam-developing substances. If sufficiently thick, these foams form an effective pro- tective coat, U. Substance developing fire-extinguishing gases, 9, Substances which unite several protective characteristics against fire. Prominent among these substances are the ammonium-phosphates and the potassium-carbonates. (DLC) 2798, Fire lessons from air raids THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 19U1, January 17, Vol, U9, No, 2903, p. 81 Keeping fires to a minimum. Reducing the risks of serious developments. Maintenance of fire watchers and organization of supplemental fire parties on a large scale,(DLC) 2799, Fire prevention (business premises) Order D hi AMALGAMATED ENGINEERS UNION MONTHLY MAGAZINElLondon) 19U1, May, Vol. 8, No. 9, p. 128 Without some compulsory measure to fight fire bombs, work shops and houses would be destroyed and bring war production to a standstill. The order makes it compulsory for every occupier of business premises to take proper and adequate steps to detect and combat fires immediately. Arrangements must also be made for detecting and dealing with incendiary bombs, and failure to do so will cause the invoking of a penalty. The last duty is laid upon the occupier and not the owner of the property,(DLC) 2?60, Fire prevention in industry INDUSTRIAL CANADA (Toronto) 1939, November, Vol. UO, No, 7, p. 93 Some suggestions to reduce fire waste and to decrease the interference with Canada’s wartime production caused by local fires or sabotage. The following have been suggested. "Consult with your local Fire Chief and arrange for periodic inspection. Prohibit the use of gasoline for cleaning pur- 162 FIRE PRECAUTIONS poses. Secure able bodied watchmen with unlimited areas for inspection; check carefully all employees as to their country of birth and war sympathies, together with parcels, luggage and personal property which they bring in the building, and the exclusion of all unauthorized persons from the same."(DLC) 2761. Leadership in civil defense NATURE ‘ (London] 19hl January 25, Vol. lU7, No. 3717, p. 95 Emphasizes the need for capable leaders in administration of fire fighting; the enforcement of an amended Fire "Matchers Order, and the strengthening of the efficiency of fire organizations through adequate provision for their physical welfare.(DLC) 2762. National fire service Calder, Ritchie NSW STATESMAN AND NATION (London) 19^13 May 2k, p. 525 Months of destructive fire blitzes have caused the organiza- tion of a National Fire Service. A skeleton -National Fire Service has been augmented. A Central "Operations Room" with a controller has been established. Local'authorities have been instructed to secure equipment that wrould link up with any incoming reinforcements.(DLC) 2763. A new preparation for ARP THE ILLUSTRATED CARREŃTER AND BUILDER (London) 1938, October, Vol. CXXIII, No. 3192, p. 1153 A new plaster material will soon be in use to prevent fires from incendiary bombs.' It is applied like cement,(DLC) 27ółi, Oil storage, which is properly designed and protected for' peace- time, will prevent spread of oil fires if bombed. NATIONAL PETROLEUM NETS (Cleveland; ' I9U0, December, Vol. 32, No. 5l, p. 32 Modern tanks and compliance with the N.F.P.A. ordinance held 163 FIRE PRECAUTIONS sufficient protection to prevent spread of fires. Proper equipment and use of extinguishers, tank location and spacing, tank pressure, and venting of tanks.(DPR) 2769. Keep fire-proof cabinets shut BUSINESS (London") 19lil, March, Vol. LXXI, No. 3, p. 10 Guaranteed fireproof cabinets are essential for the protec- tion of vital Visible index records. The tendency in big departments to leave the trays in the "out” position should be prohibited. As part of its ARP one large firm imposed a strict rule that any one referring to a "visible" tray must replace it immediately after use and close the cabinet,(DLC) 2766, Roof fires JUSTICE OF THE PEACE 19U0, October 12, Vol, 10U, p, 967 Criticism of the Clearance of Lofts Order, and the Fire Watchers Order dealing with defense against fire bombs.(DLC) FIRE-WATCHERS, See SPOTTERS FIRST AID 2767. Air raid casualty services BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London) 19U0, November 23, No. Ul68, pp. 716-717 First aid posts. Allocation of cases. Mobile units. Rescue and first aid,(DSC) 2768. ARP transfer of functions JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1939, January II4, Vol. 103, No, 2, p, 30 The Health Departments in England, Wales and Scotland are assuming authority for approving the provisions in local authorities air raid general precautions schemes which re- late to first aid posts, first aid points and ambulance services, and for advising local authorities thereon. This transfer of departmental responsibility will in no way affect 16U FIRST AID the statutory responsibility of local authorities under the Air Raid Precautions Act, 1937.(DLC) 2769. At the first - aid Dost THE LANCET (London) 1939, October 7, Vol. 237, No. 6058, p. 8l5 In a memorandum for the guidance of medical officers and other personnel at first aid posts, "the function of the first aid post is defined as: (1) to treat and send to their homes the slightly injured and those suffering from nervous shock; (2) to arrest hemorrhages, relieve pain, and prepare those casualties who need institutional treatment so that they can be transferred to the casualty hospital", .(.DID) 2770, Der betriebsarzt in werkluftschütz. (The practitioner in air defense) DIE MEDIZINISCHE WELT (Berlin) 1938, December 17, Vol. 12, No. 5l, pp. 1825-1827 A survey of problems encountered by doctors in the world war. Preparations for medical aid of casualties resulting from air attacks due to: (a) poison gas, (b) high explosive bombs, (c) splinter bombs. Organization of a sanitary corps. Hygienic rules to be carried out in the air raid shelters,(DSC) 2771. Dangerous drugs; storage at first aid posts JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 19li0, January 13, Vol, I0I4, p, 2h Outlines instructions of Ministry of Health on safe custody of dangerous drugs issued as part of equipment of first aid post, (DLC) 2772. Doctors at first aid posts THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, September 15, Vol, U8, No. 2U33, p. 2050 The Minister of Health has been asked by local authorities not to request doctors, who are general practitioners, to attend fihst aid post unless towns or districts have been raided. Undue calls on the time of such doctors increases the work of many of their colleagues on national services elsewhere,(DLC) 165 FIRST AID 2773* Equipment and personnel for first aid posts in wartime JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1939, April 8, Vol. 103, No. 14, p. 239 The Minister of Health recommended that local authorities locate first aid posts, and supplement the fixed posts by mobile units, which would consist of vehicles carrying equipment and medical and other personnel, thus enabling medical attention to be given on the same spot. (DLC) 2774. Erste hilfe bei Verletzungen und Verbrennungen (Mit besonderer berücksichstigung der durch luftangriffe gegebenenverhaltnisse) (First aid for injuries and burns with especial reference to those caused by aerial attacks) ZEITSCHRIFT FUR 'ÄRZTLICHE FORTBILDUNG (Berlin) 1939, September 15, Vol, 36, pp. 584-592, illus. Methods for treating various injuries caused by high explosive bombs; treatment of burns and flesh wounds; X-rays. (DLC) 2775* The essentials of first aid THE LANCET (London! 1940, June 29, Vol. CCXXXVIII, No. 6096, p. 1183. A review of the pamphlet, "First aid in brief" issued by the Ministry of Health. (DLC) 2776. First aid post at St. Marylebone THE LANCET (LONDON)“ 1939, July 1, Vol. 237, No. 6044, p. 32. A demonstration of the work of stretcher parties and a mobile first aid post. The work of the stretcher party and ambulance crew dovetailed without a hitch but if coopera- tion had not been carefully prepared there would have been confusion. (DLC) 2777. First aid, control of hemorrhage MEDICAL.PRESS AMD CIRCULAR (London) 1941, January 29, Vol. 205, No. 5308, pp, 83-85. Reducing loss of blood and subsequent complications-. Local treatment. Wounds of the limb; the torniquet; choice of in- strument, wounds of the scalp, face and neck. Wounds 166 FIRST AID of the trunk. Bleeding from cavities, general treatment of hemorrhage.(DSG) 2778. First aid post doctors THE LANCET (London) 1939, December 16, Vol, 237, No. 6068, p. 1288 New program for doctors at first aid posts; (a) to train the personnel, (b) supervise the voluntary staff and nurses, (c) carry out collective training, (d) be responsible for stores, and (e) be responsible for the general maintenance of the post. Further training and supervision have been under special ARP medical officers.(DLC) 2779. First aid post equipment JUSTICE 0F“THE PEACE'(London) 19Ul, April 9, Vol. 105, No, lli, p. 196 Changes in the schedule of equipment for first aid posts.(DLC) 2780. First aid posts THE LANCET (London) 1939, June, 3, Vol. CCXXXVI, No. 6oUo,.‘.p. 1288 A letter by J, B. Scott concerning the duties, functions and provisions of first aid posts. Lists types of instruc- tions given to air raid wardens.(DLC) 2781, First aid posts and ambulances (ARP) THE LANCET (LondonJ 1939, April 1, Vol. 236, No. 6031, p. 788 ■ Circulars issued by Ministry of Health giving specifications for furnishing first aid posts, amount of equipment avail- able, personnel recommended for a given area, and functions of an ambulance officer,(DLC) 2782, First aid posts and hospitals in air attack THE LANCET (London! 1939, January 21, Vol. 236, No. 6021, p. 168 A booklet issued by the Ministry of Health suggests; (l) that 167 FIRST AID a first aid post be located near every hospital that is to be used for the initial reception of casualties for conven- ience of the medical and nursing personnel, (2) that hospi- tal authorities proceed at once with measures to protect their buildings, (3) in constructing new hospitals the risk of air attack be considered in selection of sites*(DLC) 2783. First aid posts in hospitals THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London) 19l*0, August 17, Vol. 61*, No. 7, pp, 51-52 The first aid post as a reception and sorting department of the hospital. Necessity for close cooperation between personnel of hospital and first aid posts. Standing instruc- tions for,individuals who are'to man the unit during an emer- gency, Terms of employment of the first aid staff in the likelihood of fusion with the hospital,(DSC) 278iu First aid posts in London THE LANCET (London) 1939, May 6, Vol. CCXXXVI, No, 6036, p. 1061* The scheme submitted by 18 of 28 metropolitan boroughs and approved by the Minister of Health provides for 131 first aid posts, 5 cleansing stations and 3l* mobile units, A list has also been issued of the hospitals, child welfare centres, dispensaries, schools, public baths and other buildings selected as first aid posts,(DLC) First aid posts in London THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL'(London) 1939, April, Vol. 1*8, No. 21*11, p. 8l5 Two hundred first aid posts planned for the city, with one mobile unit for each borough.(DLC) 2786, First aid posts in wartime THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 31, Vol. 1*8, No. 2l*09, p. 730 The Minister of Health has issued a supplementary circular (1789) on first aid posts. The new circular describes the proposal for mobile units in detail, A doctor and nurse will 168 FIRST AID travel in the vehicle and auxiliary personnel will follow in a car. Appended to the circular is a list of equipment considered necessary at every first aid post. (DLC) 2787. First aid precautions at Colchester THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, February 17, Vol. 48, No. 2403, p. 3&1 Colchester ARP Committee’s proposal for first aid posts, depots and ambulance services. (DLC) 2788, First aid treatment of burns MEDICAL PRESS AND CIRCULAR (London) 1941, January 29, Vol. 205, No. 5308, pp. 93-96. illus. Treatment of burns and scalds under total warfare conditions. Classification of burns; treatments; antiseptics; jellies; dried human serum; a triple aniline dye; alternate treatment. (DSG) 2789. First aid up to date • THE LANCET (London) 1938, April 30, Vol. 234, No. 5983, p. 1032. (DLC) 2790. Hilfe gegen giften (Relief from poison gases) ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GEWERBEHYGIENE UND UNFALLVERHÜTUNG (Vienna) 1934, October 15, Vol. 41, No. 10, pp. 151-155 Description of reaction to different types of poison gases First aid measures (a) general, (b) special, (c) extensive t re atment. (DSG) 2791« Hot water for first aid stations THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, October 13, Vol. 48, No. 2437, p. 220? The radiation SO-SB gas water heater is described as meeting the needs for instantaneous hot water for dressing stations. For decontamination and cleaning, the larger radiation water heater, No. 210-M is recommended. These heaters are the product of Radiation, Ltd., Windsor. (DLC) 169 FIRST AID 2792i Immediate treatment of air raid injuries - Chapter 3, Pp. 39-73 In War and the Doctor Mackintosh, J,M, 19U0, London, Oliver and Boyd, p. 133 Techniques in aiding the air raid wounded. Hemorrhage, the wound, and the fracture as three factors for consideration. Desirability of first aid or temporary treatment; as tourni- quets, splinters, dressings. Importance of immediate classi- fication of wounds. Types of injuries; bacteria; antiseptic methods; principles for surgery. Repair of injured tissues. Preventing and caring for infections. Types of fractures, their remedial techniques.(DSG) 2793. ■ Improved stretcher for first aid work THE MEDICAL PRESS AND CIRCULAFTLondon) 19U0, February 21, Vol, 203, No. 3239, p. 139, illus, (DSG) 279U• Lancashire county survey THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 19U0, November 29, Vol. h9, p, 1312 Lancashire county emergency committee reports satisfactory progress in civil defense. Covers hospital accommodations, first aid work, public shelters, canteens.(DLC) 2793. The medical services In Ro:/al Sanitary Institute, Journal, (London) 1938, July, Vol. 39, No, 1, pp. 82-90 First aid posts to deal with persons wounded or gassed and to provide a cleansing section for non-wounded. Size of first aid posts varies with density of population. Provision for first aid parties and ambulances. Minimum equipment for first aid posts, (DLC) 2796, Militärsanitätswesen (Matters of military hygiene) ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ÄRZTLICHE FORTBILDUNG (Berlin) 1939, April 15, No, 36, p, 233 A first aid guide book by Dr, Rudolph Laun, Chief Field Surgeon, 170 FIRST AID Contains 276 pages with 101 illustrations,(DSG) 2797, Mobile first aid (ingenious Leyland bus conversion) THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1939, February 9, Vol. 89, No, 27lh, p. 91 The first mobile first aid station in the country was initiated by Southport ARP officials,(DLC) 2798, Mobile first aid posts THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1939, February 9, Vol. 39, No. 271U, P* 91 Southport ARP officials have taken the initiative in providing one of the first mobile first aid stations in the country for dealing with civilian victims of air raids. It has two separate compartments that fold out and extend on each side of the bus for a distance of 10 feet. All the necessary decontamination equipment, spray baths, etc., are housed in the compartments. The cost of this unit, including medical equipment is only'700 pounds.(DLC) 2799* Organization of first aid posts situated in hospitals JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) ' 19U0, August 10, Vol. IOU, No. 32, p. hhh Arrangements suggested whereby first aid posts situated in or adjacent to hospitals might be integrated into the general organization of the hospital.(DLC) 2800, Osnovy organ!zatsii dovrachebnoj. pomoshchi na obTekte PVO (Fundamentals of organizing first aid in an ARP section of an industrial establishment) Vanuishkin, N, VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBORONY (Moscow) 1931, No. 3, pp. UU-U9 The author calls attention to the scarcity of literature on the subject of ARP first aid in industry and discusses the differences between ordinary first aid in peace times and organization of medical facilities under conditions of air raids,(DLC) 171 FIRST AID 2801 Organization of.first aid posts in hospitals THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL "(London) 19U0, September 13, Vol. h9, No. p. 1179 Organization of first aid posts adjacent to hospitals to act as a "sorting depot(DLC) 2802. The organization of hospital services for casualties due to the bombing of cities Trueta, J, In Royal Society of Medicine. Proceedings. (London) 19"39, November, Vol, 33, pp. 13-23 Organization of ambulance, first aid, and hospital service. Classification of casualties. Based on experience of Barcelona in Spanish Civil War.(DLC) 2803. Les soins d'urgence aux victimes des bombardements (Emergency treatments for air raid victims) LA PRESSE MEDICARE (Paris) ' 1939, Vol. hi, pt. 1, pp. 1529-1530 Instructions for treating wounds caused by bombs and vesi- cants; relief of the asphyxiated.(DLC) 280U, Southport's novel first aid station THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, February 17, Vol. I48, No, 2U03, p. 377 One of the first mobile first aid stations in the country for dealing with civilian victims of air raid provided by Southport ARP.(DLC) 2805,. The stretcher as a first aid appliance MEDICAL PRESS AND C IRC UL aIT(L ondonj 19Ul, January 29, Vol. 205, No. 5308, pp. 96-99, illus. Considerations for stretcher construction and use. Weight, size, the Eustace Thomas stretcher; the Neil Robertson . appliance; collapsible stretcher; ARP stretcher; railway service stretcher. Instructions for carrying stretchers, (DSG) 172 FIRST AID 2806. Symposium on first aid; blood and blood substitute in resuscita- tion of casualties MEDICAL PRESS (London) 1941, January 29, Vol. 205, pp. 65-90, (DLC) 2807. Training of volunteers at first aid posts THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London)' 1939, June 30, Vol. 48, No. 2422, p. 1469 The Minister of Health on collective training of a volunteer staff for first aid posts. (DLC) 2808. Uber die unterweis urig der Zivilbevölkerung in der ersten hilfeleistung im luftschütz (Concerning theinstruction of the civilian population in first aid February 2h, Vol. 17, No. 8, p, 3U, illus, ’’Flying squad” food convoys planned by British Food Ministry. (DLC) 281U. Food in wartime In Royal Sanitary Institute, Journal. (London) I9U0, July, Vol, 6l, No. 1, pp, 1-1$ Considerations of the nutritional status of populations so they may not suffer during limitation of foods. The nutri- tional requirements of man; (1) calories to provide for basal metabolic processes, (2) sufficient allowance of pro- tein to prevent loss of nitrogen. Suggestions for meeting nutritional needs from the dietician’s point of view.(DLC) 171; FOODS AND FOOD REGULATIONS 28l5. Food,sanitation and defense THE VETERINARIAN MESSENGER AND HEALTH REVIEW (Manchester) 19U0, November, Vol. 37, No. 11, p. 2hh» (DLC) 28l6. Food in wartime (national food requirements) BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London") 19i|0, June Reviewed by WAR MEDICINE (Chicago) 19Ul, January, Vol, 1, No. 1, p. 128 Proper and protective food during wartimes. The writer believes that war is likely to retard the improvement in health shown by the elimination of the grosser forms of deficiency diseases that have been brought about during the past twenty-five years. Suggests methods to increase and protect the food supply in order that there will be no shortage. (DLC) 2817. Gas contamination of foodstuffs THE LANCET (London) 19U0, June 29, Vol. 238, No. 6096, p. 1176 The effect different kinds of gas have on foodstuffs; and the gas-proofing method for foodstuffs. Generally gases penetrate deeper into foods containing water. These are more easily rendered unsuitable for human consumption. (DLC) 28l8. Gas proof storages aid in British food plan REFRIGERATING ENGINEERING (New York) 19i|l, July, Vol. h2, No. 1, p. 39 A report on several zero storage plants in England by A. E. Stevens. The success of Great Britain's defense up to the present is due largely to their method of pre- serving and retaining foods. The gas proof cold storage warehouses are of great value. (DLC) 2819* Organization du ravitaillement general (Organization for con- trol of general food supply) BULLETIN DE LA SOCIETE SCIENTIFIQUE D'HYGIENE ALIMENTAIRE (Paris) 1939, Vol, 27, pp. 300-311 Decrees and laws setting up authority to insure the supply of 175 FOODS AND FOOD REGULATIONS food for the civilian population; (as well as the military forces); to control consumption and production and stabil lize prices. The role of such authority and its operations after the war. Its relations with foreign markets and the colonial empire. Issued by the French Ministry of Agricul- ture. (DSG) 2820. La protection des denrees alimentaires contrę les gaz de combat (The Protection of foodstuffs against poison gasj Vettier, Georges THESES (Faculte" de Medicine de Paris),Ulus» tables, bibl. 1937. A study classifying war gases as chemical, physiological and military; their action upon foodstuffs, direct spoil- ing, poisoning effects through flour, bread, vegetables, fruits, meats and drinking water. Detection and neutraliza tion. Protection and disinfection. (DSG) 2821. The protection of foodstuffs against poison gas ■Great Britain Air Raid Precautions Department. 1937, London, H. M. Stationery Office, pp. 3-8. It is important that those in charge of dealing in any way with foodstuffs should protect them in wartime from .con- tamination by gas. The nature of the contamination is explained. Two types of poison gases most likely to effect exposed foodstuffs:(l) "persistent - (mustard and some of the tear gases), (2) non-persistent (chlorine, phosgene and irritant smokes from certain arsenic compounds)". The precautions for food protection are summarized and de- scribed. (DLC)- 2822. War risk insurance: food in bombed buildings THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL (London) 1940, November 16, Vol. 84, No. 46, p. 638, Owners of foodstuffs stored in buildings damaged by enemy action need not wait for their insurance claims to be assessed by the Board of Trade before starting salvage work, and all possible steps are being taken to rescue such foodstuffs and put them-to use, (DLC) . 176 FOODS AND FOOD REGULATIONS 2323• Zashchita vody i pishchevykh produktov ot otravleniia (The safeguarding of water and food stuff from poisoning) Malinin, N. OBSHCHESTVENNOE PITANIE (Moscow) 19h0, No. 1, pp, 27-29. GAS BOMBS, See BOMBS, GAS GAS - DECONTAMINATION 282lu ARP from public cleansing officers standpoint THE SURVEYOR' (London) 1939, March 17, Vol. XCV, No. 2U60, p. Uo£ The Cleansing Officers Department is engaged in the handling of decontamination xvork, a very necessary post-raid function, for the operation of which there are required‘(a) trained personnel, (b) tools (proper implements), (c) vehicles and vehicular equipment, (d) stations for decontamination of workers, their clothing, vehicles, and equipment,(DPR) 2825. Boevoe pitanie khimicheskikh komand (Continuous provision of supplies to decontamination sections) N.S. VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBORONY (Moscow) 1938, No. 6, pp. 31-36 An efficient organization of an uninterrupted flow of supplies from the supply depot to the field of action requires: (a) consideration of the equipment; (b) the distance from the supply depot to the place of attack; (c) the range of attack- ed territory; and (d) the particular type of poisonous sub- stances used by the emeny. The author discusses the problems as outlined and supplements the discussion with three graphs and a chart.(DLC) 2826, Decontamination after air raids THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL "(London) 1939, March 2h, Vol. U8, No. 2Uo8, p. 686 Decontamination as a simple operation. All available hydrants 177 GAS - DECONTAMINATION and static water supplies, such as canals, rivers, ponds should be recorded and plotted upon the map. Exercises in decontamination training take a considerable amount of time and is an expensive part of the training,(DLC) 2827. La decontamination des matieres alimentaIres souillees par les gaz asphyxiants'! ("Decontamination of foodstuffs affected by asphyxiating gas) Reviewed In ANNALES D’HYGIENE (Paris) I9U0, September - December, Vol, 18, pp. 331-332 Gases grouped as absorption, dissolution or chemical combination, except in the case of the irreversible combina- tion, foodstuffs can be decontaminated by ventilation. Other cases may require grinding, roasting or boiling.(DSG) 2828. Decontamination facilities in private houses THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL' (London) 19U1, April 18, Vol. h9, No. 2916, p, 1*69 A "help your neighbour scheme" is being instituted whereby householders who can offer facilities to persons contaminated by gas are enrolled and given notices to be put in their windows to this effect. According to the statement of the Chairman of the Rural District Council ARP committee, this scheme is in addition to the recognized cleansing stations. (DLC) /-N -- 2829. Degazatsionnaia stantsiia promyshlennogo ob Tekta MPVO (Decontamination stations in industrial establishments) Gurfianov, E. ; VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1938, No, 10, pp. 29-33, illus. A detailed plan of how to build a decontamination station in a given industrial establishment is presented with an analysis of duties for the ARP personnel,(DLC) 2830. La desinfection des masques (Decontaminating gas masks LA PRESSE MEDICALS (Paris) 1939, Vol, hl, Part 2, pp. 1689-1686, bibl. Some Chemical solutions for decontaminating masks, especially 178 GAS - DECONTAMINATION those used for training purposes. (DLC) 2831. Gas cleansing centers and first aid posts In Royal Army Medical Corps. Journal.(London) 1940, August, Vol. 75, p. 114 A discussion of decontamination methods, cleansing of unwounded personnel and anti-gas clothing. (DSG) 2832, Kogda zariazhat* degazatsionnye mashiny (When to charge the decontaminating machines) Skul*ski, Captain VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBORONY (Moscow) 1938, No. 8, pp. 50-51 'The author feels that decontaminating machines should not be charged when the "action warning" signal is given as is suggested in a previous article by Captain Vorob’ev (See this magazine, 1938, No. 4, p. 37, under the same title as above). It is the author’s opinion that decontaminating machines should be prepared only when the headquarters of the listening post send word that a gas attack has taken place. His discussion covers the time element and possible disadvantages if the machine are charged ahead of time. (DLC) 2833* Meteorologiia na sluzhbe PVO (Meteorology in the service of ARP) Semenov, V. VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBOROWY (Moscow) 1938, No. 11, pp. 45-48 The author of this article calls attention to the importance of a thorough study of meteorological factors in their relation to ARP. Some of the points mentioned are; (l) Decontamination services and the weather. (2) Sun radiation and degree of surface temperature (in degasing). (3) Kinetics of evaporation in relation to temperature, humidity, wind velocity. (4) Stability of cloud formations under various atmospheric pressures. (5) Effectiveness of a bom- bardment in relation to weather. The author also gives formulas for weather observations, radiation, etc. (DLC) 179 GAS - DECONTAMINATION 283h. Un nouveau precede de desinfection des locaux contamines Jk new procedure for decontaminating affected areas) LA PRESS MEDICARE (Paris) 1939, Vol. U7, No. 2, pt. 1, p. 1530 Medium developed during Spanish Civil War for decontami- nating soil, surfaces, and atmosphere. (DLC)’ 2835* Sredstva mekhanizirovannoi obmyvki zhivotnykh zarazhennykh PVO (Mechanical means of washing animals affected by poison gas") Motylev, B. VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBORONY (Moscow) 1938, Mo, 9, pp. 30-3U, illusr The problem of washing off animals affected by poison gases, (e, g. Lewisite), becomes of particular importance in the summer when skin susceptibility is greater. In order to meet the need for more mobile equipment- the author conducted ex- periments with the shower system of B.P. Prokhorov. This article is a report of the results of the tests, and dis- cusses the preparations, the actual tests with various num- bers of horses, and portable disinfecting equipment. (DLC) GAS - ILLUMINATING, See PUBLIC UTILITIES GAS MASKS, See GAS - PROTECTIVE MEASURES GAS-PROOF SKELTERS, See SHELTERS, GAS-PROOF GAS - PROTECTIVE MEASURES 2836. Air raid precautions: treatment of gas contaminated casualties JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 19U0, July 15, Vol. 10hy p. 333 Summary of Ministry of Health Circular (2037) outlining provisions made for treating persons contaminated by gas. (DLC) 180 GAS - PROTECTIVE MEASURES 2837. Anti-gas mask for persons with respiratory difficulties In American Medical Association. Journal, (Chicago) 1941, May 3, Vol. 116,, No. 18, p. 2096 Two types of masks developed 'for persons- who cannot wear respirators of ordinary kind: (l) consists of ordinary respirator with the addition of an outlet valve, (2) helmet respirator operated by bellows. (DSG) 2838. Anti-gas protection of babies and young children Great Britain Air Raid Precautions Department 1940. London, H.M, Stationery Office p. 8 The respirator for the small child is described, also the special made helmet for the protection of babies. How to select the right type of device for protection. Instruc- tions are given for the use of each. (DLC) 2839» Anti-gas Training.(Circular 3279) Great Britain. Scottish Office 1937; July 14; London, H. M. Stationery Office, (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y. id. 5<0 2840. ARP in France; mobile laboratory for gas mask testing THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, September 1, Vol. 48, No. 2431; p. 1946 The Paris Fire Department has devised a mobile testing laboratory inside an enclosed truck, which carries apparatus for testing of shelters, filters and gas masks. (DLC) 2841. Babies* gas helmets TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939; September 9; No. 1270, p. 4 Summary of anti-gas information contained in Circular of Lord Privy Seal for mothers of young children. (DLC) 181 GAS - PROTECTIVE MEASURES 28U2, Bleach cream for the man in the street * (A note to editor) THE LANCEI'Tlondonj~ Iplil, March 1,Vol. CCXL, No, 6131, p. 286 The drug stores are directed to be ready to distribute a bleach cream to the population in case of gas attack,(DLC) 28143. Breathe freely I The truth about poison gas Kendall, «James 1938, New York, Appleton-Gentury, p. 179 "The primary object of this volume is to examine the question of the danger of s,-ir attacks upon Great Britain in the hypo- thetical war in detail, and to place the actual facts before the public in proper perspective". Some chapter headings; "Don't be afraid of poison gas", "Gas in the last war", "No new supergases", "A Gas attack on London", "Gas proof rooms", "Good bye to all gasSn, "Anti civilian warfare in general". (DLC) 28UU • Building in wartime THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, December 1, Vol, 129, No. 3290, p. 9ll In gas attacks if there is a slight breeze the danger will soon pass away, A gas mask should always be in the shelter incase it is needed, (DLC) 28i4.p• Care and repair of respirators (Air raid precautions memoran- dum No, IE), Great Britain. AIR RAID PRECAUTIONS DEPARTMENT iPliO, London, H,M, Stationery Office pp. 19* illus. Care, inspection, and repair of respirators. Appendix A gives "Notes on carriers for general civilian respirators", Appendix C "Methods of repair", Appendix D "Schedule of materials and tools required for repairs to respirators", (DLC) 28U6, Carrying gas masks JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 19Ul, March 1, Vol. 109, No, 9, p. 121 Methods employed by Nottingham and Brighton to encourage carrying of gas masks by civilians, (DLC) 182 GAS - PROTECTIVE MEASURES 28I4.7• Carry your gas mask THE ÓESER7TR-("London) 19U1, February 23, No, 7813, p. 2« "Carry your gas mask", a necessary reminder. Folly of over- confidence. Respirators necessary for all except those in gas proof shelters. Gases classified as persistent and non- persistent. Effectiveness of gas influenced by particular area and weather conditions. (DLC) 28I4.8. Civilian anti-gas respirators THE LANCET"TLondon7 * 1939, June 17, Vol. CCmVI, No. 60[[2 p. lll|l The general civilian respirator provides protection for several exposures to the highest concentration of gas which is likely to be encountered in wartime conditions. The actual length of time for which the respirator would remain effective depends in part on nature of gas used and cannot be precisely stated. (DLC) 28U9. Contributo alio studio della protezione collettivo anti-gas (A contribution to the study of collective protection against war gases) ANNALI DI MEDIGINA NAVALE E COLONIALE (Rome) 1939, U3th year, May-June, pp. 223-228 The techniques and results of two experiments performed to investigate air changes in hermetically sealed chambers, especially the concentration of Co2. The percent of Cc2 , the humidity contents, the temperature changes within a hygienic limit. In each experiment case 30 persons are used first at rest and then in state of motion. (DSG) Le corp medical en face du peril aer0-chimique Xlhe medical corps in presence of aero-chemical danger) THESES, L’UNIVERSITE DE PARIS 1935, pp. 80, bibl, A thesis for the degree of doctor of medicine. The writer presents arguments that gas warfare has its proper defense which render it less effective; actual protective means in our possession can guarantee reasonable security; the pre- caution ought to be made obligatory, and should begin in time of peace. It presents present development of passive defense in European Nations; general treaties on gases, their effects; protection of civilian populations; organised sani- tation, Including personnel and equipment, (DLC) 183 GAS - PROTECTIVE MEASURES 2851. The detection and indentification of war gases GREAT BRITAIN AIR RAID PRECAUTIONS DEPARTMENT 1939, London, H, M. Stationery Office, pp. 53 Notes issued for the special use of gas identification officers. A definition is given of the term gas, and a classification made in accordance with the effects pro- duced upon the human bbdy. They are divided into four grodps according to "the action on the lungs, the eyes, the nose or the skin". Other classifications are made according to various properties. (DLC) 2852, La detects.on de lłyperite (The Detection of mustard gas) REVUE INTERATlONALE DE LA CROIX ROUGE (Geneva) 1936, November, Vol, 18, ppw 919-924, bibl. Study and progress of methods designed to detect the presence of mustard gas in the air. (DSG) 2853» Detectores de gasses toxicos (Poison gas detectors)Part IV REVISTA MILITÄR '(Buenos Aires) 1941, January, Vol, 76, Mo. 1, pp. 71-83 Means and methods for detecting the active toxic element suspected or present in the air. The hydrolysis system for detection of danger, and chemical agents used; the Kling detector, its mechanism and technique. Detection by measuring the variation in the intensity of an electric current passing through a gas conductor by means of ion- ization, The Malsallez detector, its technioue. Detection for control. Isolating the active element for disinfection and therapeutics. The Bruere detector; the G. I. 0, de- tector. (DSG) 2854. Die gas -abwehr (Defenseiagainst gas) DER CKliISCP!nrRIEG(Berlin) E. S. Mittler & Sohn Hanslian, Dr. R. & Bergendorff, Fr. 1925, Part II, pp, 117-165, illus., maps, tables, bibl, 1, Protective means for the personal safety of man. In their simplest form they are "Breath" and "mouthprotectors", Principal requirements:'protection against all chemical substances. They differ in make and effect for each nation. Protective equipment against gas for the entire body-surface This protective "attire"''consists of a complete "suit" pro- 184 GAS - PROTECTIVE MEASURES tective gloves and a salve for the skin. Protection against gas for animals. Based upon the principle of the gas-pro- tective-mask, this protection extends over horses, mules, dogs and carrier or homing-pigeons. To enable horses to breathe safely, cloth masks soaked in salt'solution are used; against "mustard" gas the leg of the horse up to the knee is protected by an iron-plate lined with rubber. Dogs, used in reporting and sanitary service require protection. For carrier-pigeons portable boxes were used as protection against gas. 2. Gener- al prelective measures against gas. These comprise: gas- tight shelters, especially for sanitary purposes and treat- ment of gassed persons. Foods affected by gas are freed from the gas-effect through airing,cooking or boiling. (DLC) 2855» Les donnes thecriques du1il est jndispensable au medeein de conna.itre en mattere de defense passive contrę la guerre aero- chimiqufe (Theoretical data that a doctor should know in. matters of passive defense against aero-chemical warfare.) ARCHIVES MEDICALES D*ANGERS (Anglers) Trabue, Fernand Dr. 1939, 43md year, January, No. 1, pp, 6-12, tables, charts, for- mulae . The chemical principles of gas masks; the phenomenon of ab- sorption and substances used, (DSG) 2856. A fallacy about poison gas In ROYAL INSTITUTE OF BRITISH ARCHITECTS. JOURNAL.(London) 19AO, September 16, Vol. 47, No. 11, p. 262 The Ministry of Home Security- issues a note on the erroneous idea "that in city streets, a poison gas is not dangerous above a height of about 30 feet from the'ground level;" ex- plains the "supposed reason" of this wrong conception and definite conclusion. 2857. Gas - are civilians gasmasks good enough? THE SIGNAL London) • , ’1941,, January, VoL, 20, No. 1, p. 18. A letter from A, E. Barrand stating that the gasmasks pro- vided for the civilians are not effective. The crew should be given the service type of gasmask for use-on the ship, (DEC) 185 GAS - PROTECTIVE MEASURES 2858. Gas attack and panic THE LANCET "(London) 1938, June h, Vol. CCXXXIV,-No 5988, p. 1285 Criticisms are made by scientists concerning ARP in Great Britain. It is not to protect the public, but to set up a system to prevent panic. Prof. James Kendall examined the question of the dangers of air attack on Great Britain. He believes "that the creation of panic is the only reason for an agressor using poison gas on a large city, and that panic is the only real danger". (DLC) 2859. Gas attack protection for infants THE LANCET (London) 1939, March h, Vol. 236, No. 6027, p. 5h5 Satisfactory articles designed and contracts placed for the production of a form of protection from gas attack for in- fants, (DLC) 2860, A gas mask attachment ENGLISH MECHANICS (London) ■ 19hl, June 13, Vol. XXX, No. 10, p. 73 A special lens attachment has been invented for persons wearing spectacles who have trouble in observing through civilian duty or service gas masks. Lens can be made to meet the requirements for individual sight. (DLC) 2861, Gas mask for hard to-fit drapes ever shoulders POPULAR MECHANICS "TChicagoT 19U1, June, Vol. 75, No. 6, p. 53 A Helmet covering the entire head and shoulders represents a new type of respirator used by persons who for some special reason can not wear the ordinary gas mask, (DLC) 2862. Gas masks for hospitals-and doctors THE LANCETlIondon) 1939, May 13, Vol. CXXXVI, No. 6037, p. 112$ The Lord Privy Seal was asked whether after consultation with the medical profession he would make special arrange- ments for a supply of gas masks to be available to hospitals and practitioners of the type found most conveient for sur- gical operations. -"All medical and nursing personnel in hospitals or first aid posts in vulnerable areas shall be supplied with the civilian duty type of respirator", was the reply, (DLC) 186 GAS - PROTECTIVE, MEASURES 2863. GAS-mask warmup NEWSWEEK XNew York) 1941, March 3, Vol. 17, No. 9, p. 21. Account of gas raid rehearsal with real, but harmless gas at Brighton (England). (DLC) 2864. GAS precautions THE ECONOMIST (London) 1941, April 12, Vol. CXL, No. 5094, p. 484. Public urged to take the possibility of gas attacks seriously. Pamphlets giving full instructions on what to do in a gas attack have been issued to every household. Suggestions that carrying of gas masks by public be made compulsory, not deemed a wise measure. (DLC) 2365. GAS precautions campaign NEWSPAPER WORLD (London) 1941, April 12, No. 2257, p. 12. A campaign to instruct the public, in precautions against gas is in progress, and includes broadcasts, leaflets, etc. (DLC) 2866, GAS proofing a room THE,ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, November 10, Vol., 125, No. 3247, p. 838. A heavy blanket well saturated in water is an excellent gas resister. (DLC) 286?. Gasschutz. (Protection against gas) ZEITSCHRIFT'FUR GEWERBEHYGIENE UND UNFALLVERHÜTUNG (Vienna) 1934, August 15, Vol. 41, No. 8, pp. 31-32. General instructions for the public on their conduct during a gas attack from the air. (DSG) 2868,,. • Les gaz de combat: leur detection (War gasses and their detection) REVIEWED IN ANNALES DfHYGIENE (Paris) 1940, September-December, Vol. 18, pp. 330-1 Enumeration of principal war gases; toxics, suffocating, tear, vesicant and sneezing. Physical properties and the doses which .result in fatality. Three types of detection 'explained, (1) detection for alarm, (2) for control, (3) for identification. (DSG) 187 GAS - PROTECTIVE MEASURES 2869. Gazo-zashchitnye komnaty (Gasproof rooms) Dobrotvorskij B. N. STROITEL’NAIA PROMYSHLENNOST' (Moscow) 1939, No. 11-12, pp. 87-91 2870. Razlichita novosti kod po.jedinikh drzhava (#5-Protivavionska odbrana) (News Items) VAZSUKHOPLOVNI GLASNIK 1940, December, Vol. 12, p. 196. (Zemun) Experiments with cellophane as a defense against poison gas are reported from Germany. (DLC) 2871. Have gas masks tested at once NEWS CHRONICLE (London) 1941, January 27, No. 29,555, p. 5 Many people in Britain are carrying gas masks and are unaware that the hard knocks the containers receive in busses and trains, may render them unless, A warning* to have masks in- spected at frequent intervals. (DLC) 2872. If gas comes TRUTH (London) 1941, March 28, Vol. 129, No. 3368, p. 265 "How to tell and what to do if there are gases" is contained in a book written by anonymous authors. A handy guide to first aid for its victims if and when poison gas is used against civilians. Description of various types of poison gas, what to do about food, animals, and how to decontaminate the home is found in additional chapters. (DLC) 2873« Individual knyi khimicheskii paket (individual chemical kit) Vaniushkin, N. VESTNIK PR0TIV0V0ZDUSHN0I 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1938, No. 7, pp. 44-45. illus. The author describes a first-aid kit which may be carried in one's pocket and used against mustard gas, Lewisite gas, and other poisonous substances. (DLC) 2874. Inspection of civilian respirators held by the public MINISTRY OF HOME SECURITY (-London) , 1940, March 6, Circular No. 40/1940 The Ministry of Home Security invites attention to the need 188 GAS - PROTECTIVE MEASURES for insuring that civilian respirators (including children’s respirators and babies’ anti-gas helmets) in the hands of the public are maintained in servicable condition. They should also note proper fittings of respirator to the in- dividual. (DEC) 2875* Iz istorii ipriba (The story of mustard gas) Arkmal* A. KHIMIIA I CB0R0NA (Moscow) 1940, No. 4. 2876. Memorandum on the anti-gas protection of babies and young children GREAT BRITAIN. Air Raid Precautions Department 1939, July, H. M. Stationery Office, pp. 8 Description of the respirator and protective helmet to be used for children. "Children may be protected either by (1) the small size general civilian respirator, (2) the small child*s respirator, or (3) the protective helmet, according to their temperaments or the size of their faces," (DLC) 2877. Mezzi improwisati di protezione anti-gas (improved aids for protection against gas) GIORNALE DI MEDICINA MILITÄRS (Rome) 1938, Vol. 86, pp. 611-617 Scheme considering the following elements in providing protection against gas attacks; (l) general considerations; (2) tactical defense, (3) the respiratory organs, (A) the eyes, (5) the skin, (6) observations and notes, (DSG) 2878, Le_ nouveau masque a gaz pour la population allemande (The new gas mask for the German population) BULLETIN INTERNATIONAL DB SERVICES DE SAMTE (Liege) ' 1937, Vol, 10, No. 12, pp. 732-733 Description of a new and efficient gas mask for the German people. There are three sizes, (men, women and children). Provides best possible■protection and gives, an increased field of vision. (DLC) 189 GAS - PROTECTIVE MEASURES 2879* Ob opoznovatel łnykh znakakh na protivoipritnoi odezhde (More "about indentification tags orTanti-mustard gas clothing) A a L , VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHN01 0B0R0NY. (Moscow) 1938, No. U, pp. 95-6 The writer of this letter to the editor takes issue with the suggestion made by Nazarov, in this magazine, issue; 1938, No. I4, with reference to identification tags* A.L. writes that neither sewing or painting numerals on the back or front of the anti-mustard gas clothing will do, the first because it permits entry of the gas through the needle holes, and the second because of the possible confusion when the suits are changed by accident by the wearers. The counter proposal made here is that arm bands be used with the identification on it for everyone to see. For night work or during blackouts the numerals can be painted on by luminous paint, (DLC), 2880, Poison gas NR7S WEEK (New York) 19U0, December 30, Vol, 16, No, 27, p. 23 Outlines steps taken for defense against poison gas that may be dropped during air raids. Explains that Britain has already issued -gas masks to its entire population of Ii6,000if000 people, (DLC) 2881* Poison in the air Brady, Philip G, THE NATION (New York) . . 19hl, June 7, Vol. l£2, p* 668 British public drilled in gas protection measures against possibility of use of gas in an invasion attempt, (DLC) 2882* .La protection des enfants et la guerre aero-chimique (The protection of infants and aero-chemical warfare) Puech, G* THESES(Faculte de Medecine de Paris) 1936 r ... Thesis for the degree of doctor of medicine considering the protection of infants from war gases* Infants grouped' as: (l) less than 2 yrs, old, (2) between 2 and h yrs, old, and (3) above four. The means of protection considered are confinement in (a) condensed air units, (b) filtered air units, (c) compressed air reserves* Degree of effectiveness of such protection# (DSQ) 190 GAS - PROTECTIVE MEASURES 2883, Protivo-khimicheskaia zashchita naseleniia goroda (Anti-chem- ical defense of the population in the city) Strekalov, D. VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBORONY (Moscow) 1938, No. 7, pp. U2-UU The author of this article takes issue with statements made by V. I, Garovnikov in the article "Zashchita liudei ot fugasnyhk bomb" (Defense of people against fougasse bombs) ‘ which appeared in this magazine, in the 1st issue of 1938, (p. 28), The chief disagreement is on the question of anti-chemical defense, and the author emphasizes the need for proportionate preparation against chemical warfare. A table showing possible number of casualties from chemicals, incendiary bombs and fougasse bombs is given, (DSG) 288U. Razvedka bomb s nestoikimi 0. V. na promyshlennykh ob*ektakh MPVO (Detection of non-persistent gas after the bombing of an industrial establishment) Gur’ianov, E. VESTNIK PR0T0V0V0ZDUSHN0I GBORONY (Moscow) 1938, No. 7, p. U2 A concise statement on the duties of a detection squad of a factory ARP,unit after an air attack, (DLC) 2885* Rescue and demolition work THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London), 1939, June 2, Vol, 12U2, No. 3221;, p. 1UU6 A rescue worker in complete gas proof suit and service respirator for rescue work in gäs concentrations. (DLC) 2886. Skrytye resursy degazatsionnoi tekhniki na zheleznykh dorogakh (Potential resources of decontamination services on railroads) Liubimov, A. VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBRONY (Moscow) 19385 No, 1, pp, 37—UU, illus., drawings The author lists certain exceptional peculiarities of railroads which necessitate special considerations in relation to ARP services and particularly the decon- tamination techniques. (DLC) 193 GLASS, PROTECTION OF 2895. Glass dangers in factories THE OBSERVER (London] I9UI, November 21;, No, 7,800, p. 9 Factories required to provide safeguards against risk or injury during air raids. Grounds for exemption of factory occupier; suggested methods of glass protection, (DLC) 2896. Glass for ARP ourposes ENGINEERING, LTD. (London) 1939, December 1, Vol, ll;8, No, 3855, 25-pp. Demonstrates the uses of glass in wartime,* methods of protecting -windows without excluding daylight, (DLC) 2897. Glass splinter danger in air raids THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL TLondön] 19l|0, July 19, Vol, h9, No, 2U77, p. 936 Methods for reducing the danger of flying glass. (DLC) 2898. Glass under war conditions THE SURVEYOR~XLondön") 19U1, January 31, Vol, XCIX, No, 2558, p, 81; Greater resistance to blast obtained when special glasses like "armourplate", "armourlight” lenses, "insulight", glass bricks and wired glass employed in necessary replace- ments, Wired glass in particular, will; (a) prevent damage from flying pieces, (b) exclude inclement weather, (c) lend aid to certain cases during blackout periods. (DPR) 2899. Obscuration, ventilation and protection from glass in large buildings In ROYAL INSTITUTE OF BRITISH ARCHITECTS. 'JOURNAL. (London) 19UO, December 16, Vol. U8, No. 2, pp. 21-29 Research and experiments department bulletin No, C 13 by Ministry of Home Security contains the following informa- tion: -1, General aims. 2. The effects of high explosive bombs. Obscuration, 3* The importance of good working light. U. Factors governing design. 5« Methods of obscuration and treatments of glass. 6. Ventilation. 7. General Venti- 194 GLASS, PROTECTION OF lator light-traps. Camouflage. 8, Camouflage require- ments and obscuration. Appendix 1, Table of values of illumination. Appendix -2, ■ Details of practical methods of obscuration. Appendix 3« Ventilator light-traps. Table 1, Controllable obscuration,* Table 2. Permanent obscura- tion, Table 3« Protection from flying glass. (DLC) 2900, Physics and windows in wartime BRITISH PLASTICS (London! 191+0, November, Vol, 12, No. 138, pp. 192, 201 Many problems have been created as a result of modern war- fare for belligerents, special attention in given to the following; (1) protection of windows against fracture due to blast (2) obscuration at night time of artificial light- ing and (3) prevention of injuries resulting from broken windows or flying splinters, (DLC) 2901, Plastics (anti-shutter coating) THE TIMfeS TRADE AND ENGINEERING (London) I9I+O, October, Vol. .XLVII, No, 920, p, I4O "Transparent coating compositions applied to the surface of window glass,,. do not materially increase the ability of glass to resist blast". Their purpose is to prevent splinters from flying. (DLC) 2902, Protecting windows from blast effects; anti splinter liquids which are brushed on THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 191+0, July, 19, Vol. 1+9, No. 21+77, p. 9U& A number of commercial products are mentioned with direc- tions for their use and comments on their effectiveness. (DLC) 2903. Protection from broken glass THE ILLUSTRATED 'CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 191+0, October 18, Vol. 127, No. 3296, p, 1+30 There are several ways glass may be treated to resist the scattering when broken by the concussion of a bomb,a strong curtain-like netting treated with adhesive glass should be well cleaned and dried before application. Nettings can now be purchased for this purpose both treated and plain, (DLC) 195 GLASS, PROTECTION OF 2904. Protection from glass THE OBSERVER “(London) 1940, November 10, No. 7798, p. 9 - All uncovered glass to be removed or covered with expanding material; suggestion that aged and cripple be given a pen- sion; a canteen for each factory employing more than 250 persons, (DLC) 2905. The protection of glass In ROYAL INSTITUTE OF BRITISH ARCHITECTS. JOURNAL. (London) 1940, August 19, Vol, 47, No, 10, p, 230 Research and experiments branch of the Ministry of Home Security issues bulletin on technical matters, dealing with the following: No, C4 - The protection of glass in hospitals. No, C7 - The protection of factory glazing. No,. C6 - Damage to cast-iron pipes in works, No. C3 - The prop.* ping of reinforced concrete beams. No, C7 - Steps that should be taken to increase the resistance of "umbrella” type shed to collapse due to air attack, (DLC) 2906, Protection of glass; methods of treatment BATHS AND BATH ENGINEERING 1941, January and February, Vol, 8, p. 14 Text of Bulletin No. E4, issued by the Ministry of Home Security. Covers protection of roof glazing, repair of • damaged glazing and glass substitutes. (DLC) 2907. Responsibility of glass MEDICAL PRESS AND CIRCULAR (London) 1940, July 31, Vol, 204, No. 5282, pp. 84-85 Contents: danger of wounds caused by flying glass; protect- ing the windows, method of application, shutters, wire net- ting. (DSG) 196 GLASS, PROTECTION OF 2908. Window netting on trams and buses THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) . 1941, May 8, Vol,. LXXXIX, No. 2858, p. 185, Ulus. An effective means of preventing the splintering of windows in London's transport vehicles has been found in the use of netting to cover the same, A new method of varnishing the netting over the windows has eliminated previous defects in its application. (DLC) HEALTH AW'D HYGIENE. See also MEDICAL AND NURSING SERVICE: SHELTERS- HYGIENE 2909. Communal health problems after . heavy bombing; PUBLIC HEALTH (London) 1941,'March, Vol, 54, No. 6, pp. 83-85 Hazards involved in herding the population in unsanitary shelters; problems and care of damaged water mains; policy of assuming pollution throughout a particular section; vital information given public on preventive measures. (DSG) 2910, Discussion on the evacuation schemes and the health and sanitary problems arising: therefrom In ROYAL SANITARY INSTITUTE. JOURNAL. (London) 1939,' September, Vol, 60, No, 3, pp. 123—128 Task of public health officials during evacuation; limita- tions of the government’s evacuation scheme; susceptibility and problems of guarding against diseases,.(DLC) 2911. Effect of the blackout. on public health THE LANCET (London) 1940, March 30, Vol. CCXXXVIII, No. 6083, p. 620 Attention directed to the health of the people as a result of abnormal conditions created by the war. No special investigations have been undertaken but experiments have been made by the Home Department and a pamphlet will be issued on factory ventilation in the blackout and means of ventilation suitable for houses, offices, and public build- ings, (DLC) 197 HEALTH AND HYGIENE 2912. Environmental services in wartime; how emergency conditions have affected a large city. Stewart, John THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 19h0, October 11, Vol. 1*9, No. 21*89, p, 1295 From a paper presented to the annual congress of the Royal Sanitary Association pf Scotland by one of Glasgow’s sanitary officers, (DLC) 2913. Epidemiological (referring to epidemics) aspects of ARP evacua- tion scheme, THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London) 1939, May, Vol, 6l, No. 13, p. 17h, (DSG) 29lh. Epidemiological aspects of the evacuation of school children from crowded to less dangerous areas. In Royal Sanitary Institute. Journal (London) 1939, August, Vol, 60, No. 2, p. 71-82 The principal infections suffered by school children; the study of the behavior of infections.in inter-epidemic periods; activities'of infecting agents; number of immunes to diphtheria increases with density of population; cases of diseases due to nasopharyngeal infections. (DLC) 291b. Evacuation and infection THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London) 19h0, July 6, Vol. oh, No. 1, p. 2 The state of infection dependent upon condition of the herd more than presence of infectors;susceptibility and immunity of town children find those in evacuated areas; five ways in „ which infections can be passed from one host to another; explanation of what did happen in evacuation compared to what was expected to happen, (DSC) 2916. Evacuation and sanitary problems THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, May 12, Vol. 1*8, No. 2l*l5, p. 1058 The Council of the Royal Sanitary Institute has arranged for 198 HEALTH AND HYGIENE a series of lectures to be given dealing with sanitary prob- lems of evac\iation, (DLC) 2917. Evacuation; health and welfare services JUSTICE OF THE PEACE “(London) 19U1, April 5, Vol, 105, p. 191 The government is to bear the cost of health and other ser- vices to voluntary evacuees. (DLC) 29lS, Evacuation of civil population - health services JUSTICE OF THE PEACE(London) 19U0, November 30, Vol. 10h, p. 66? Outlines arrangements for domiciliary treatment, nursing of minor ailments, hospital treatment, treatment of infectious diseases, maternity, blind welfare, (DLC) 2919. Evacuation; some epidemiological observations on the first four months. Glover, J, Alison In Royal Society of Medicine, Proceedings, (London) I9l|0, May, Vol. 33, pp,399-hl2 Incidence of infectious diseases among evacuated children, (DLC) 2920, Health and hygiene problems of evacuation In Royal Sanitary Institute, Journal. (London) T9Ulj January, Vol, 6l, No. 3, pp, 9U-98 A discussion of the minor ailments and those of a more serious nature in evacuation areas. Problems of the evacua- ted family. Considerations for mental hygiene, (DLC) 2921, Health aspects of ARP blackout THE MEDICAL OFFICERTLondon) 19U0, July 6, Vol, 6li, No, 1, p, 6 The dangers of shut up crowded rooms, plans for ventilation during intervals and change of shifts; establishing ventila- tion at night by opening blacked-out windows; the compensa- 199 HEALTH AND HYGIENE tion for shut up conditions at night* (DSG) 2922. Health congress at Scarborough, 1939 In Royal Sanitary Institute, Journal. (London) mo. May, Vol. 60, No. 11, pp. 373-377 The close relationship of the Municipal Engineer and Public health. Vulnerability of houses in wartime; conservation of human life the prime feature of ARP work. (DLC) 2923. Health service in wartime; the role of health visitors in rela- tion to ARP national emergency. THE: MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, August U, Vol. U8, No, 2h27, p. 1317 Extracts from the papers of W. G, Booth and T. N, V, Potts at the Royal Sanitary Institute Health Congress. Discusses role of health visitors and raidwives in relation to ARP, (DLC) 292U. Medicine and health in war NINETEENTH CENTURY (London) 19U1, May, Vol. CXXI7, No. 771, p. UU9 Health in Britain during war, covering civilian evacuations, air raid shelters, all home defense services, including com-, munal feeding and the general food situation as it effects health. (DLC) 2925. The national health in wartime THE MEDICAL OFFICER TLońdoń) 19U0, October 26, Vol. 6h, No. 17/ pp, II4I-IU2 The evacuation of 730,000 children and U20,000 mothers from industrial areas; Britain’s emergency hospital service; in- crease and treatment of venereal disease; problems and con- ditions of health in air raid shelters. (DSG) 2926, New air raid shelter danger worse than epidemics SCIENCE NEWS LETTER (Washington, D, C.) 19Ul, February 1, Vol, 39, No, 5, p. 68 "The danger is that of death from pulmonary embolism which threatens elderly people forced to spend the night in a sit- 200 HEALTH AND HYGIENE ting or reclining position in air raid shelters, (DLC) 2927# Parliament and public health THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London) 19U0, October 19, Vol. 6I4, No, 16, p, 135 Provisions for special diets in food rationing; evacuation for elderly people; evacuation of air raid areas; school children in reception areas, (DSG) 2928, Presidential address by chairman of women1s voluntary services for civil defense In Royal Sanitary Institute, Journal. (London) 1939, October, Vol. 60, No. U, pp. 157-159 A discussion of work undertaken for the Ministry of Health with reference to evacuation. Problems on maintenance 1of health during wartime, (DLC) 2929. Public health and war THE MEDI5ÄL" OFFICEFTLondon) 19U0, September 28, Vol, 6U, No, 13, p. Ill Adequate nutrition of the masses the most important health problem. The spread of plagues and famines in wake of all wars; problems involved'in offsetting dire consequences, (DSG) 2930, Public health aspects of evacuation THE LANCET'"(London) 1939, September 23, Vol. 237, No. 6056, pp, 716-717 As a result of criticism of the unsanitary conditions and improper clothing of children in reception areas a circular was issued instruction local authorities to inspect children. School, authorities were asked to provide clothing to be paid for by parents in instalments, (DLC) 2931. Public health considerations and the large scale air raids BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (XcndönT 19lil, January 18, Vol, I, No. Ul?6, pp, 82-83 Epidemics resulting from damaged water mains. Typhoid. Mental health. Housing and feeding. (DSG) 201 HEALTH AND HYGIENE 2932, The oublic health in wartime BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London) 19U0, October 26,• Vol. 2, No. I*l61* pp.578-581 Provision for immunization of the Home Guard against tetanus; measures to provide medical care for aliens; problems of hospital evacuations; plans for physical training of youth; rehabilitation of air raid casualties, (DSG) 2933* The public health service in wartime THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London! 19it0, September 7, Vol.61*, No. 10, pp. 77-78 The difficulties in the creation and management of a casualty treatment service. The regrettably low standard of personal hygiene shown by evacuated school children. Activities of professional organizations. Other wartime problems as; civil nursing reserve, effect of national health and physique, effect of altered food habits and redistribution of wealth, (DSG) 2931*. Le role du service de sante'dans la protection de la population civile contrę le guerre aerienne(The role of the health service in the protection of the civil population against air raids) ARCHIVES MSDICALES (Brussels) ... 1936, Vol. 89, pp. 231-239 The value of trained personnel to assist the medical corps. Dissemination of information to the public on what to do during a gas attack. The necessity for the public to have confidence in leadership of their superiors. Means of detecting various gases, (BSG) 2935* Role of health department in ARP THE SURVEYOR (London) 1939, June 9, Vol. XCV, No, 21*72, p. ?UU In the event of an intensive attack from the air problems in sanitation could be met in the matter of: (a) Fractured sewers; (b) Disconnected water supplies; (c) Improvised mortuary accommodation and burial facilities, (DPR) 202 HEALTH AND HYGIENE 2936. Shelter death from pulmonary embolism THE LAN GET (London)* ‘ I9I4O, December lU, Vol. 2, No, p. 7UU. (DLC) 2937« Some problems of child health in war MEDICAL ? iESS AND CIRCULAR ITondonJ" 19hl, June, Vol. 20.5, No. 5326, p. U6l Nervous stress. Change of environment. Diet. School prob- lem. (DSG) 2938» Team work will solve raid health problem. ICE. ' (londonJ~ . 19U0, December, Vol. 22, No. 12, p. 266 Alma Fox states that excessive departmentalism in local government has caused much disorganization, improvisation and confusion in dealing with problems created by bombing attacks. (DLC) ■ 2939. Die Verluste der Zivilbevölkerung durch luftangriffee in ihrer Volksgesundheitlichen auswirkung (Civilian casualties due to air raid and their relation to public health) ARCHIV FÜR RASSEN-UND GESELLSCHAFTS (Munich) 1936, Vol, 30, pp. 121-131 The objectives of aerial attacks: preparing for and await- ing the attack; the group of persons indispensable to the normal activities; effect of casualties formerly filling key positions in society; -the necessary health program. (DSG) 29UO. Village was infected by boy .evacuees, says master NEWS CHRONICLE (London! 19U1, January 3? No. 29535, p. 5 Letter sick bays in reception areas needed to prevent spread of infection that might be brought by arriving evacuees. A report .on experiences along this line in Great Britain. (DLC) 29U1* Volksgesundheit und Wehrkraft (Public health and the defensive forces) ARCHIV FUR RASSEN-UND-GESELLSCHAFTS-BIOLOGIE (Munich) 1936, Vol. 30, pp. 193-206 The state of armed forces and public health as the chief 203 HEALTH AND HYGIENE concern of the government. Comparison of living conditions in Germany with those in neighboring countries, (DSG) 29l42* Wartime danger to health In American Medical Association, Journal, (Chicago) I9I4O, November 9, Vol, 11$, No. 19, p. l6£l Steps taken to provide against the dangers present in time of war and those likely to result from changing conditions and such factors as troop movements and evacuation: (1) Extension of the system of clorination of water supply, (2) Establishment of emergency public health laboratories to assist in the rapid detection and suppression of any outbreak of infectious diseases; provision of stocks of substances necessary for the prevention of such diseases; (3) Care to ensure cleanliness of milk supplies, (DSG) 29-43• Wartime vacancies in the whole-time public health service THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London] 19h0> October 12, Vols 6I4, No. 15>, p. 12i; The desirability of temporary wartime appointments in the Public Health Service5 suggestions for appo' itment of other Chief officers, temporarily engaged in military service,(DSG) HIGH EXPLOSIVE BOMBS, See BOMBS, HIGH EXPLOSIVE HIGHWAYS, Sec PUBLIC ROADS AMD BRIDGES HOME GUARD - GREAT BRITAIN 29hh* Casualty organization by the home guard THE TANGE! (Lonoön) I9UI; June II4, Vol, 1, Mo, 2)4, p, 771 Organization of emergency medical services including inter- hospital ambulances and casualty evacuation trains. Responsibility for direction of central medical services and first aid training* (DSG) 204 HOME GUARD - GREAT BRITAIN 2945. Commands of the Home Guard THE OBSERVER (London) ‘ " 1941, February 2, No. 7810, p. 9 Ranks of the Home Guard as announced by the Far Office age limit 65 except in some cases viere appointments over 65 made for officers with rank of Battalion Commander and above; selection of officers based on ability and proficiency. (DLC) 2946. An extensive training school for home guard officers in ' the latest defensive tactics THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS (London) 1941, April 12, Vol. 198, No. 5321, pp. 463-465, illus. Training courses for Home Guard officers include tactics against dive bombers and tanks, grenade-throwing, camouflaging, bomb construction, using heavy machine guns and street fighting. (DLC) 2947. Home Guard THE ECONOMIST (London) 1940, August 31, Vol. 139, No. 5062, p. 573 The full strength of the Home Guard today numbers approximately half a million men, aged 19 to 65. It was organized to counter the activities of enemy para- chutists in sabotaging communications, industry and military operations. Uniformed.in denLm battle dress, the H.G. is fairly well equipped. Its chief problem is local defense and this varies from locality to locality. (DLC) 2948. The Home Guard THE ECONOMIST (London) 1940, July 27, Vol. 239, No. 5057, p. 120 Local defense volunteers have been organized into the Home Guard - with broadened activities and more closely knit organization. Its value lies in co-operation with other parts of the military machine. Its principal duties are; 205 HOME GUARD - GREAT BRITAIN (1) to participate in the defense of scattered localities, (2) to provide static defense, (3) to protect vulnerable places by guards at strong points, (4) and to act as an observer corps, giving notice of enemy movements to superior military formations. (DLC) 2949.. The Home Guard THE OBSERVER (London) 1940, August 25, No. 7787, p. 7 An inspiring story of efficiency and enthusiasm of Britain’s home protectors. (DLC) 2950. The Home Guard THE FIGHTING FORCES (London) 1940, October, Vol, 17, No. 4, p. 328 The Home Guard is organized for home defense and consists of over a million and a half men, whose duty is to observe and report enemy action, and to offer resistance to the enemy. Home Guards should be supplied with rifles and trained in the use of machine guns. (DLC) 2951. The Home Guard THE FIGHTING FORCES (London) 1940, December, Vol. 17, No. 5, p. 355 The Home Guard, a fine and independent body consisting of a million and a half men has been very efficient in prevent- ing invasion on a large scale. The War Office has decided that the roll of the Home Guard shall be a static and its work greatly simplified. (DJjC) 2952. The Home Guard THE OBSERVER (London) 1940, December 8, No. 7802, p. 8 No changes in duties planned for the present time. Training and duties arranged not to interfere with ordinary occupations. 206 HOME GUARD - GREAT BRITAIN Must report in full strength when invasion is imminent. (DLC) 2953* Status of the Home Guard THE OBSERVER (London) I9I4O, November 2k, No. 7800, p, 8 Far reaching reforms made since one million men came up; selection board to recommend area and zone commanders,* role of Home Guard when defense forces are sent abroad. (DLC) HOME GUARD - U. S. 295>U. Oklahoma City has a defense unit FIRE ENGINEERING (New York) 19U0, October, Vol,- 93? No. 10, p, 52U Oklahoma City, Okla., has organized a defense unit known as Emergency Defense Bhttalion of Oklahoma City, composed of city employees and -others native born and over thirty- five years of age. The object of this organization is to promote American principles and ideals and to assist the city authorities in the protection of persons and property in an emergency. (DLC) HOSPITALS 2955. A.C. bombproof basement planned HEATING AND VENTILATING (Chicago) 19U1, May, Vol. 38, No. 5:, p. 63 As a precautionary step, the Meyer Memorial Hospital, Buffalo, is making preparations for setting up an air conditioned bomb-proof shelter in the basement of the hospital. (DLC) 2956. Air raid precautions Great Britain Ministry of Health 1938, August 12, London, H. M. Stationery Office Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rocke- feller Plaza, New York, N. Y. 207 HOSPITALS 295>7. American field service units Erdman, Addis on Pencil Points (New York) 19i4-0, November, Vol, 21, No, 11, pp, 707-710 Describes mobile tent hospital designed for use in devastated areas or areas congested with refugees, (DLC) 2998. ARP protection of hospital against air raids JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) “ 1939, January 21, Vol, 103, No. 3, p. A booklet containing advice on structural changes and other provisions that can be made against air raid risks in hospitals has been issued jointly by the Ministry of Health and the Department of for Scotland to all local authorities controlling hospitals. Under certain conditions the government is prepared to contribute towards the cost. This booklet also discusses protection against blast and splinters, new hospitals, first aid posts, ambulance ser- vice and doctors in first aid posts, (DLC) 2959. A bombed hospital and ambulance depot In American Medical Association. Journal.- (Chicago) 19Ul, January 1|, Vol, 116, No, 1, p. 65 Account of damage and casualties, (DSG) 2960, Bombing of a great London hospital In American Medical Association, Journal.(Chicago) I5U1, April 26, Vol. Il6, No. 17, p. 1980 220 patients evacuated during London air raid. As precautions against incendiary bombs every roof is fitted with fire fighting appliances $ six regular fire squads kept on duty every night. (DSC) 2961. The bombing of London hospitals In American Medical Association. Journal» (Chicago) 19)4!, January 11, Vol, 116, No, 2, p, l£9 The work of the hospital carried on in the wake of several direct hits during air raids. The reorganization of floor 208 HOSPITALS space, operating and receiving rooms. (DSG) 2962. Casualty evacuation trains THE LANCET (London) 1939, October 21, Vol. 237, No. 6O8O, p. 917 The primary purpose of these trains is to evacuate to the base hospitals air raid- casualties from the hospitals in vulneralbe areas. Their crews consist of one medical officer, one hospital train officer, thirteen nurses, and eight orderlies. (DLC) 2963. Civil defense act, 1939» (Notes relating to emergency hospital scheme") (Circular 59)' Great Britain, Department of Health for Scotland 1939, August 29, London, H, M. Stationery Office, (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y.) 2961*. A complete wartime plan of hospital organization In American Medical Association. Journal, (Chicago) 1739, April 29, Vol. 112, No. 17, p. 1738 London’s Hospitals used as casualty clearing stations for the immediate treatment of civilian air raid casualties. Plan includes division of city into ten sectors containing the teaching, and municipal hospitals, other hospitals and institutions and affiliated casualty base hospitals in outer areas. First aid posts and mobile units. Stationery and traveling. River service on Thames and estuaries. (DSG) 2965. Dispersal meant defeat (Editorial) THE MEDICAL PRESS AND CIRCULAR (London) I9I4O, February 28, Vol, 203, No. 52.60, p. 163 First aid arrangements, hospital evacuation policy. Hospitals must remain in danger zone and must build shelters, (DSG) 2966. Domiciliary attendant of air raid casualties ffilTISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (LondońJ" 19hl, March, Vol. 3, No, 1*182, p. 31*9 The Minister of Health has issued a bulletin in reference to aas. HOSPITALS arrangements under Emergency Hospital scheme, for treatment of air raid casualties, (DSG) 2967• Emergency hospital accommodations JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1939, June 17, Vol. 103, No. 2h, p. U08 By the crowding of existing buildings and sending suitable cases to other homes, 200,000 hospital beds would be made available for the treatment of casualties within 2k hours. Another 50,000 beds would be provided in non-hospital buildings, (DLC) 2968. Emergency hospital organization (Emergency medical service memoranda 2) Great Britain, Department of Health for Scotland 1939, May, London, H.M.Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York) 2969« Emergency hospital organization(emergency hospital services Memor andum 2 ) Great Britain, Ministry of Health 19i|0. London, H. M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York) 2970, Emergency hospital scheme; air raid precautions in hospitals JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London)“ 19li0, July 20, Vol. lOli, p. UOU Special arrangements made for hospitals in areas "likely to be attacked", Hospitals in all areas instructed to take special precautions against increased fire hazard due to war, (DLC) 2971* Emergency hospital organization,(Emergency medical services Memoranda 2~) Great Britain, Department of Health for Scotland 1939, May, London, H.M,Stationery Office, (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y,) 210 HOSPITALS 2972. Emergency hospital scheme revision THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 19U0, September 6, Vol, 1|9, No, 2U8U, p. 115U Reorganization of the London sectors of the emergency hospital scheme as announced in a Ministry of Health Bulletin in effect since September 1, 19U0, (DLC) 2973. Emergency hospitals scheme; war damage to hospitals JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London-) 19U0, July 1, Vol. IOU, p, 303 Discusses reconstruction and repair of buildings, (DLC) 297U- Emergency hospital services THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London) 19i|0, July 6, Vol. 6li, No. 1, p. k Proposal to create regional organizations in Scotland and . . northern Ireland. Relations of regional and divisional councils to public health authorities; measures for the pro- tection against glass in hospitals; administration of physio- therapy in emergency hospital service, (DSG) 2975. Emergency measures at L.C.C, THE LANCET (London) 1938, October 15, Vol. 235, No. 6607. p. 90U , As a precaution against air raids, hospitals,and institutions under public health and public assistance departments were classified into three grades: (a) hospitals fully equipped for all types of surgical work; (b) those equipped for general surgical work; and (c) those suitable for chronic medical and convalescent patients, (DLC) 2976. Evacuation and hospital services THE LANCET Tendon) 19U0, June 22, Vol. 238, No. 6095, p. 1139 The Ministry of Health states that compulsory evacuation has 211 HOSPITALS been ruled out except in comparatively small areas where it might be necessary for military reasons. In case of fatalities, compulsion would cause the government heavy responsibilities. (DLC) 2977* Evacuation hospital organized In American Medical Association. Journal, (Chicago) T9U0, October 12, Vol. ll£, No. 15, p. 128U Ohio State University College of Medicine organizes evacuation methods in an hospital comprising 28 medical and two dental officers. (DSC) 2978. Evacuation of hospital staffs and equipment THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 19U0, October U, Vol. U9, No. p. 1281; Suggestions made by Minister of Health for preparations hospitals should make for evacuation. (DLC) 2979* Evacuation of hospitals I HE LANCET "(London) 1939, June 2U, Vol. 236, No. 6OU3, p. 1U6U Arrangements for the evacuation of hospitals in vulner- able areas urged by Members of the House of Lords; (DLC) 2980, Hills and sun help to cure sick and wounded NEWS CHORNICLElLondon} April 16, No, 29,622, p, 3 Explains a huge plan of hospitalization worked out in Britain for both military casualties and air raid victims (DLC) 2981. Hospitals and air raid casualties THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, January 13, Vol. U8, No, 2396, p. 76 Covers hospital accommodations and transport facilities from the point of view of air raid casualties, (DLC) 212 HOSPITALS 2982, Hospital construction and APR THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL "(London) 1939, September 15, Vol. U8, No. 21+32, p. 1999 Protection against air raids is now a settled feature of the building plans of public authorities. The Maternity Block at St. Mary’s Hospital at Islington and St. Peter’s at White- chapel are to have flat roofs with concrete reinforcements and basement shelters on a naturally ventilated, basis*. This building to accommodate jointly persons. The estimated costs for.both buildings to be about 129,725 pounds. (DLC) 2983. Hospital in vfartime. Emergency arrangements JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1939, March h, Vol, 103, No. 9, p. 151 The Minister of Health has issued a memorandum in which a comprehensive scheme for a wartime hospital organization is being worked out. The basis of the scheme is the division of hospitals into different classes according to their , intended use. The nursing staff will be organized in the same manner. (DLC) 2981i, Hospital posts for doctors THE JEWISH CHRONICLE (London) I9I4I, April 18, No. 3,758, p. 6' Since the new medical regulations have come into force under the Emergency Powers (Defence) Act, a large number of Jewish ’refugee doctors have secured appointments at various hos- pitals and institutions throughout the country. Also about 12 to l5 Czech Jewish refugee doctors are serving with Britain, (DLC) 2985* . Hospital service in wartime > THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, February 10, Vol. 1*8, No. p, 298 The progress being made by hospitals in their preparation* for wartime conditions. (DLC) 213 HOSPITALS 2986, Hospital service in wartime THE BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, August 12, Vol, 2, No, 4101, pp, 375-376 Measures for protection of hospitals and first aid posts; selection and purchase of evacuation camps; plans for obtaining beds and other supplies; protection for hospitals likely to be bombed; necessity for co-ordination of different units, (DSG) 2087. Hospitals and ARP; progress of the emergency organization THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, May, Vol, 48, No. 2416, p. 1119. (DLC) 29S8, Hospitals and civilian sick THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, October 6, Vol. 48, No, 2436, p. 2165 The Minister of Health plans that all the available hospital accommodation in a given area be pooled and used.to meet the individual needs of the area. This applies to special as well as general hospitals, (DLC) 2989. Hospitals - evacuation JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1940, September 28, Vol, 104, p. 541 Plans for removal of patients and equipment from hospitals in event of evacuation, (DLC) ■ 2990, Hospitals in air raids THE LANCETTLondonj 1941, May 10, Vol. 240, No, 6141, p. 605 Risks of the inmates, staff and patients. Large and small hospitals adaptation to air raid dangers, (DLC) 2991. Hospitals in emergency periods; Herts C.C. Arrange programme of additional activities THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, June 23, Vol. 48, No. 2421, p. 1455 Detailed plans for the expansion of hospital buildings and 214 HOSPITALS services in preparation for civilian needs in wartime#(DLC) 2992. Hospitals in time of war JUSTICE OF THE PEACE Hendon) 1939, July 15, Vol. 103, No. 28, p. 474 The Minister of Health held a conference with the Chairman of the principal London teaching hospitals, at which he discussed with them the organization, personnel and equip- ment of hospitals. The criticism ffell into two groups, the first relating to material and the second to finance. In an emer- gency 100,000 existing hospital beds in England and Wales would be immediately cleared and made available. The financial resources were admitted to be inadequate. (DLC) 2993. Hospitals in wartime THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 3, Vol. 48, No. 2405, p. 474 Hospital arrangements in connection with ARP organized by the Minister of Health. Most hospitals are included in the emer- gency scheme, A plan to link casualty hospitals with one another in the more vulnerable areas. (DLC) 2994. Hospitals in wartime; Minister1s statement THE BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, July 8, Vol. 2, pp. 85-86 Plans for organization, personnel, and equipment of hospitals in wartime; suggestions for improving the financial resources of hospitals, (DSG) 2995. Hospitals for civilian casualties THE LANCET' (London) * ’ 1938, January 22, Vol. 234, Ho. 5969, p. 234 A survey of hospital accommodations so that arrangements can be made for civilian casualties in the event of emergency. This will include the clearing of hospitals earmarked by the local authorities under their air raid precautions scheme. (DLC) 215 HOSPITALS 2996. A hospital's precautions during air raids THE BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London) 19U0, October 26, Vol. 2, No. Ul6U, p, 565 A description of methods for protecting patients during air raids; procedure for the "up patients"; preventive measures for the "bed patients"; suggested plans for maintaining the efficiency of nurses and medical staff, (DSG) 2997. Krankenhausbetrieb und fliegerangriffe (Hospital management and air raids) MÜNCHENER MEDIZINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT (Munich-Berlin) 1938, September 23, Vol. 85, pp. li;76-lU79 Plans and experiences of hospital protection during the Spanish war and the Sino-Japanese war, A system of alarms for German hospitals; protection of patients against bomb splinters; movement to safety quarters; disruption of service due to broken water mains, (DSG) 2998, Das krankenhausproblem in der luftschutz-organization (The hospital problem in organization of air raid defense) DEUTSCHE MEDIZINISCHE tWOCHENSCHRIFT (Leipzig) 1935, February 8, Vol, 6l, No. 6, pp. 22U-226 The problem of rearranging hospital wards to take care of bomb casualties; provisions for protective rooms against effects of bomb splinters and gas; the use of Red Cross markers for hospitals; reorganization of medical personnel. (DSG) 2999. London emergency bed service THE BRITISH MEDICAL"JOURNAL (London) 1939, July 1, Vol. 2, No. U095, p. 3h Methods of obtaining beds for the voluntary hospitals emer- gency service; limitation on time for handling cases; arrangements for obtaining ambulances; methods for returning vacant beds. (DSG) 3000. London hospitals carry on during bombardment In American Medical Association, Journal* (Chicago) T9U0, December 7, Vol, 115, No, 23, p. 2011; The readjustments made by bombed hospitals in wrier to 216 HOSPITALS continue functioning* (DSG) 3001. London Hospitals in wartime THE miTISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, September 16, Vol. 2, No, i|106, pp. 610-611 Provisions for protection of hospitals in wartime; prob- lems of caring for the acute sick in the city and re- serving beds for air raid casualties; clearing house arrange- ment for obtaining beds; methods for supervising casualty re- ceiving stations. (DSG) 3002, Luftschutz im krankenhaus (Air raid protection for hospitals) ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR DAS GESAMTE KRANKENHAUSWESEN (Berlin) 193U, December, No. 25, pp* 589-590 Provisions for removal of sick to safety rooms. Conducting the convalescents to basements shelters; methods of avoiding congestiong due to the sudden influx of injured from the streets. (DSG) 3003. Luftschutz und zivilkrankenhauswesen (Air raid protection and civilian hospitals) ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR DAS GESAMETEKRANKENHAUSWESEN (Berlin) 1937, November 23, No. 2li, p, 517-518 Preliminary arrangements; organization of air raid shelters; supervision of nursing institutiohs; aerial defense plans and removal plans; instruction of air raid shelter personnel; equipment and material .(DSG) 300Lu Medical staff adopts program for use in event of emergency HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT (Chicago) 19hl, May, Vol. 51, No. 5, pp. 30-1; 38 Hospital organizes personnel and equipment for emergency uses. (DSG) 3005. Memorandum of records to be kept by hospitals included in the emergency hospital scheme~TEmergency medical services memoran- dum 3)Great Britain, Department of Health for Scotland 19Ü0, London, H. .M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y.) 217 HOSPITALS 3006. The mobile ARP hospital unit THE BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, May, Vol. 1, p. .744, (DSG) 3007. Municipal hospital in wartime Roberts, C, A, ¥, In Local Government Service. (London) 1940, October, Vol. 20, No. 10, p. 224 An outline of the work in a hospital on the first day of war. Includes: "completion of the evacuation of patients; providing beds for Immediate air raid casualties; the housing of ambulances; an auxiliary fire brigade, and parties of stretcher bearers. The enrolling of auxiliary nurses,11 (DLC) 3008. Die notwendigste Luftschutzmassnähmen für ein Krankenhaus.(The most necessary air raid precautions for a hospital) ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR DAS GESAMTE KRANKENHAUSWESEN (Berlin) 1934, December, No. 25, pp. 586-589 Special instruction for physicians and personnel. Prepara- tion for different means of lighting. Consideration of safety rooms. Duties of hospital inspectors. Essential provisions for emergency operations. Gas protective measures for the hospital. (DSG) 3009* 0 prisposoblenii bol1nitsi cilia raboty v usloviakh PVO (Adapta- of hospitals to air raid defense Popov,1 G. VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOi OBORONY (Moscow) 1938, No. 10, pp. 50-51 The basic needs of a hospital according to the author are: (a) bomb and gas proof shelters for the personnel and patients, and (b) special equipment for taking care of victims of air raids. A concrete problem of organizing hospital facilities for one hundred patients is presented and the solution is then discussed. This covers organization of personnel, first aid, ventilation of shelters, operating rooms, oxygen supply and differentiation between various types of patients (bed ridden and ambulatory). (DLC) 218 HOSPITALS 3010, Ordeal of the hospitals THE OBSERVER (London) 19Ü0, September 15,' No. 7970, p. 2 . Week end air raids both fill and empty hospital wards; total number of casualties comparatively small; removal of patients to splinter proof shelters; patients give praise to nurses for their courage and resourcefulness. (DLC) 3011, The organization of hospitals in wartime JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1939, September 23, Vol. 103, No, 38, p, 626 For some months past the hospital arrangements for an emergency were being organized by the Ministry of Health, It was explained by the Ministry qf Health that to work out the details of the Emergency organization, medical officers of Ministry known as Hospital Officers had been appointed for different parts of the country, and it had been the duty of these officers to prepare schemes which would be suited to these respective areas. There has been general co-prdination of all types of hospitals- in each area, aid those outside of the more dangerous areas will be organized as base hospitals to which casualties may be drafted. (DLC) 3012, Die organization des Luftschutzes- für lazarette (The organiza- tion of air raid shelters for hospitals') 7 VERÖFFENTLICHUNGEN AUS DEM GEBIETE DES HEERE S SANITAT SLR SEN S (Berlin)- .. . ... ‘ ■- 193U, Vol, 63, Copy 9h) pp. 1-6Ö Selection of suitable places in the shelter areas; arrange- * ments for adequate medical staff; provisions for equipment and supplies. (DSG) 3013, Organization of the emergency medical services THE BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London) ■ 193-9* September 23, Vol. 2, pp, 656-658 . Classification of hospitals; (1) those capable of giving full Surgical treatment; (2) those which provide reasonable nursing facilities; (3) infectious disease hospitals. The division of London into ten sections for hospital adminis- t ration; manufacturing and issuing of equipment for selected 219 HOSPITALS hospitals; preparatory measures to outbreak of war. (DSG) 301U. Organizatsiia i prisposobl* enie bolłnitsy k rabote v usloviakh protivozdushnoi oborony (Orgaizątion and adaptability of a hospital under conditions of air raid defense) Popov, G. M. BOL’NICHNOE DELO (Moscow) 19U0, No. 1, 3015. Organizing the home front THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL~TIöndon) ’ 19li0, September 6, Vol. 1+9, No, 21*81+. p, ll£i+ Emergency hospital schemes: duties of group and hospital officers; economy in emergency stores; transfer of food surpluses to other areas. Duties of women in voluntary service. (DLC) 3016. * Procedure on the admission, transfer, discharge or death of casualties and for the provision of out-patient treatment. (Emergency medical services memorandum 3) Great Britain, Ministry of Health I9I1O, 2nd ed., London, H. M. Stationery Office, (Available at British Library of Information, 5>0 Rockefeller New York, N. Y.) 3017. Protecting hospitals against war hazards HOSPITALS (Chicago) 19U1, July, Vol,. 15, No. 7, p. 7h This article contains information obtained by the American Hospital Association concerning the protection of hospitals against bombing and other accidents, (DLC) 3018. Protection of hospitals against aerial attack In American Medical Association, Journal.(Chicago) 1939, May 6, Vol. 112 No. 18, p. 18U5 Rules issued in Germany relative to the structural' protection 220 HOSPITALS offered by civil and military hospitals and similar institu- tions against aerial attack; (1) choice of site, possible danger of aerial attack and hygienic requirements to be considered* (2) Bed capacities for civilian hospitals not to exceed 600; for military service U£0 beds, (3) Several sepa- rate small establishments preferred to one large establishment, (U) Air raid shelters for personnel and patient population to be constructed; also specially protected emergency operating room. Shelters for bedfast patients and their personnel located in basement; separate shelters for patients with infectious diseases, (DOS) 3019* Protection of hospitals against air raids THE MEDICAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, January 20, Vol. I4.8, No. 2399, p. 172 Impracticable to provide hospitals which would resist a direct hit from high explosive bombs. Some protection can be given however against blast effect and splinters, (DLC) 3020* La protection technique des hopitaux contrę le bombardement aerochimigue(Technical protection of hospitals against aero- chemical bombardment) REVUE INTERNATIONALE DE LA CROIX ROUGE (Geneva) 1937, Vol. 19, pt. 2, pp. 3J.7-863 Measures taken by certain countries for the protection of hospitals and their patients against air raids, (DGS) 3021* La protezione degli ospedali contro gli attach! aerei (Protec- tion of hospitals from aerial attacks) L1OSPEDALE MAGGIORI (Milan) 1935, Vol. 23, pp. 105-109 Some consideration for protecting hospital equipment, personnel and patients from bombs, (DGS) 3022* Rapport sur la protection des hfrpitaux civils en cas de bombarde - ment (Official report on the protection of civilian hospitals in case of air raids) REVUE INTERNATIONALE DE LA CROIX ROUGE (Geneva) 1937, Vol. 19, pt. 2, pp. 725-740 Technical and juridical considerations of the problems in 221 HOSPITALS hospital protection presented to the National Societies of the Red Cross by its International Committee. (DSG) 3023. Richtlinien für bauliche Luftschutzmassnahmen in Krankenhausen (General principles for structural air raid measures in hospi- tals) GESUNDHEITS INGENIEUR (Basel) 1939, November 11, Vol. 62, No. 45, p. 640 Management in hospitals during heavy air raids; new arrange- ments for maximum number of beds in safety rooms; methods for construction of buildings to withstand bombing attacks. Blackout problems. (DSG) 3024. Structural and other precautions against air raid risks in hospitals. (Joint publication of the Ministry of Health and the Department of Health for Scotland (Emergency medical services memorandum 1) Great Britain Ministry of Health 1940. London, K. M. Stationery Office (Available at the British Library of Information, 50 Rocke- feller Plaza, New York, N, Y.) 3025. Voluntary hospitals and air raid precautions THE LANCET' (London)' 1938, April 23, Vol. 234, No. 5982, p. 969 Consideration is given to the financial responsibilities of voluntary hospitals in carrying out measures of air raid precautions to protect their patients and staff. Some hospitals,will be used as casualty clearing stations. (DLC) HOUSING 3026. ' The empire at war THE AUSTRALIAN TRAVELLER (Melbourne) 1941, June, Vol. XXXVII, No. 6, p. 15 The work of the Civil Protection Force of the ARP is doing much to rehouse families after aerial bombardments and in 222 HOUSING the meantime to restore order in London. By doing this work, the ARP saves workers the necessity of losing time from their jobs while seeking new homes. (DLC) HYGIENE, See HEALTH AND HYGIENE ILLUMINATING GAS, See PUBLIC UTILITIES INCENDIARY BOMBS, See BOMBS, INCENDIARY INDUSTRIAL SHELTERS, See SHELTERS, INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRY, See COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY INSURANCE 3027. Das kriegsrisiko in der lebensversicherung (War risks in life insurance) ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ÄRZTLICHE. FORTBILDUNG (Berlin) 1939, December 1, Vol. 36, p. 731 Proposed changes in insurance policies beginning September 1, 1939, until close of the war. (DSG) 3028. Insurance covenants and compulsory insurance THE LAW TIMES (London) 1940, November 16, Vol. 190, No. 5094, p. 257 A new insurance bill (War Damage) is expected in which the tenant has undertaken to insure against "damage by fire", and is expected to work out as follows: (l) the landlord is responsible for insuring the property against war risks, including damage by fire caused by incendiary bombs. "The Committee upon whose report the Landlord and Tenant (WTar Damage) Act was dravm up seemed to overlook covenants to insure against fire. (DLC) 223 INSURANCE 3029. Insurance for all FISH TRADES GAZETTE (London) 19U1, March 29, Vol. LVIII, No. 3018, p. 26 Main provisions of wartime damage insurance scheme for real estate and movable property. (DLC) 3030. Insurance for war damage LABOUR' (London^ 19l|l, June, Vol. 3, No, 10, p, 887 A memorandum issued by the Board of Trade explains the operation of the War Damage Insurance Scheme - as applied to private chattel. Up to 37$ pounds (depending upon whether the householder is married and has children) worth of damage is recoverable without paying any premium. More insurance can be taken out upon paying graduating premiums. Generally claims will be paid after the war with added, unless the delay in making payment causes undue hardships; then in that case payment ’will be made immediately. (DLC) 303I. Insurance of ARP vehicles MOTOR TRANSPORT (London) 19U0, October, Vol. LXXI, No. p. 2 * Raises the question of owners of vehicles in the service of civil defense carrying insurance on such vehicles even if they are used only part time. (DLC) 3032* Insurance rights to defense workers In International Molders and Foundry Workers. Journal. 19Ul, February, Vol. 77, No. 2, p. 80 Employees working in private industries are covered by an insurance program under the Social Security Act, which entitles them to certain benefits or wage credits should their employment cease. Many of these employees are moving out of private industry to take up defense work under the •Government and unless some change is made in the law, are liable to lose Social Security Insurance, and then wage credits stoo. While a scheme is being worked out for defense INSURANCE workers who go from private employment into.Government service, care should be taken of those "who go in and out" short term jobs, (DLG) • 3033* Parliament and war problems THE OBSERVER-^London) I9I4O, September 8, No, 7789, p. 8 . . . „ Insurance of property against war damage; thirteen million homes without a policy; the thous-and—to-one insurnace for individuals; Government’s guarantee for payments offered,(DLC) 303U« Special war insurance for evacuated areas THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL ‘(London) IRiRL, January 17, Vol. h9, No. p, 61 The Borough Council urges the government to adopt a separate scheme of insurance of property, etc., against damage by enemy action or to make substantial reduction in the rates of contribution under the war damage bill, (DLC) 3035• War insurance for property THE ECONOMIST Xlondon) * . ‘ • 19h0, September li;, Vol. CXXXIX, No. p. 3U2 Intensified night bombings have emphasized the need for an insurance scheme to cover war risks on property. The Government’s compensation scheme at present provides only for recording the extent of war damage. Local authorities may proceed with first aid repairs, but .more' substantial * damage must be-repaired at the expense of the property owner, A good insurance scheme should: (l) fix the rate of premium at a resonable level,-(2) have government assistance, (3) provide ready at hand machinery for assessment and collection, (DLC) 3036* War insurance of property THE OBSERVER (London) 19U0, October 13, No, 779h, p. 13 A scheme for nation wide compulsory insurance. Capital value 225 INSURANCE of all buildings in United Kingdom estimated to be ten billion pounds; one-eighth of property mortgaged to building societies; consideration of premiums from insurance companies. (DLC) INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENT'S 3037. El bonbardeo aereo y las poblaciones indefensas (Aerial bombard- ment and defenseless populations) REVISTA MILITÄR (Buenos Aires) 1938, Vol. 38, pt. 2, pp. 1181-1183 Resume of effort to regulate air bombardment of the civil population and nonmilitary objects. The League of Nations attempts to create an international code. (DLC) 3038. Protection de la population civile contrę les nouveaux engins de guerre (Protection of civilian population from the new war machines) BULLETIN INTERNATIONAL DES SERVICES DE SANTE (Liege) 1937, Vol. 10, pp. 96-lOU Considerations for the defense of the noncombatant by means of international laws and agreements. Some existing laws; basis for new regulations limiting use of war machines and war gases. (DSG) 3039. Reunions medico-juridiques internationales pour la protection de la population civile en temps de guerre (international medico- judicial assembliesfor the protection of civilian population during wartime.) ANNALES D»HYGIENE (Paris) 1939, Vol. 17, pp. 368-371 Doctors and jurists study the question of civilian protec- tion, making certain recommendations on an international basis. Three major topics considered were: (l) value of international conventions for regulating details and means of their realization, (2) the medical organization in a country under mobilization, (3) organizing services and resources for blood transfusions. (DSG) 226 LAWS AND REGULATIONS, See also BLACKOUT - REGULATIONS 3040. Air raid precautions act, 1937. (Circular 701074/5) Great Britain*Air Raid Precautions Department 1938* January 28, London, H. M. Stationery Office. (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y.) 3041. Air raid precautions act, 1937. Summary of provisions referred , to in Circular 701074/5 (Miscellaneous) Great Britain.Air Raid Precautions Department 1940. London, H. M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y.) 3042. ARP revised'codes THE GAS WORLD (London) 1939, September 2, Vol, CXI, No. 2874, p. 174 Important documents have been issued to owners and occupiers of industrial and commercial premises affected by the Civil Defense Act, Two of these documents are the "Revised Code of Air Raid Shelters for persons working in factories, mines and commercial buildings" and-the revised list of specified areas under the act, (Civil Defense) (Specified areas) order 1939. ' (DLC) 3043« British standards for ARP requirements NATURE (London) 1939, July-September, Voll 144, No. 3637, p. 109 The Home Office Air Raid Precautions Department "has arranged with the British Standards Institution to prepare and issue on its behalf a special ARP series of British standards for air raid precaution purposes." (DEC) 3044« Broadcasts from Egypt THE BRITISH BROADCASTING CORPORATION 1940, May 20-28, No. 309, p.'27 A summary of regulations for civilians near airports. (DEC) 227 LAWS AND REGULATIONS 3045. Buildings in defense areas TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1940, July 20, No. 1316, p. 284 Regulations for collection of rents or any other obligation attached to properties on evacuated areas. (DLC) 3046, Civil defense act, 1939. (Circular 158) Great Britain. Air Raid Precautions Department 1939, August 3» London, H. M. Stationery Office. (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Pląza, New York, N. Y.) 3047. Civil defense JUSTICE CF THE PEACE (London) 1939, August 5-12, Vol. 103, Mos. 31, 32 pp. 521-523, 537-539 The Act falls into nine parts. Part 2 is headed Public Shelters, etc., and empowers local authority to use as public air raid shelters any part of a building that can be made available. Section seven provides for underground air raid shelters and other premises for exercising civil defense functions intime of hostile attack. Part IV of the Civil Defense Act headed "When provisions as to shelter makes the council of the borough or district the local authority except in London." It begins with a requirement that where the occupier of premises has been provided on behalf of His Majesty with materials for air raid shelters to be erected on his premises, the local authority may give him advice as to the position in which the shelter should be erected. Sections 27, 29, and 30 relate to providing additional exits. It is an offence to remove any appliance from, any premise for the strengthening of basements which has been furnished free, without the consent.of the local authority. Part VI- "Obscuration of lights and Camouflage." This provides that nothing in any enactment requiring public lighting shall render it unlawful to dadse lights to be dimmed or extin- guished for the purpose of training or exercising persons in air raid precautions. (DLC) 228 LAWS AND REGULATIONS 301*8, The civil defense acts; 1937 and 1939 Simey, Thomas S.and Williams, Mary L, 1939, London, Charles Knight, pp, 381* "The aim of this book is to present the acts in a lucid and intelligible form for the use of those to whose lot such interpretation must fall. With this end in view, we / have thought it advisable to include a brief historical survey of the legislation,,.." There is a list of official defense publications up to August 29, 1939, a table of statutes, and a table of cases. Includes a chapter on civil defense finance. Contents; Air Raid Precautions Act, 19375 Rating and Valuation (Air Raid Works) Act,1938; Civil Defense Act, 1939; Firance Act, 1938; Orders and Circulars, (DLC) 30I4.9# Civil defense bill THE LANCET (London) 1939, June 2h, Vol. 236, No. 601*3, p. 11*6$ Importance of Civil Defense Bill stressed by members of House of Commons. "If the public could be assured that a sound plan existed and that casualties would be adequately dealt with that would contribute to maintaining the morale of the people", (DLC) 305>0, Defence (Administration of Justice) Regulations THE SOLICITORS» JOURNAL‘‘XLondonj 19U0, July 20, Vol. 81*, No. 29,p. h35 A regulation providing for the sittings of certain courts chiefly concerned with criminal business, in the event of an invasion, (DLC) 305>1. Defence regulations: evacuation areas THE SOLICITORS» JOURNAL' (London) 19U0, July 20, Vol. 8U, No. 29, p. U3U The regulations covering unoccupied property in evacuated areas, (DLC) 229 LAWS AND REGULATIONS 30p2, The defence regulations JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1939, September 9, Vol, 103, No, 36, p, 599 : The Emergency Powers (Defence) Act, 1939, is a very full and drastic code, but as full as it is there is a great deal left to be filled in by further delegation to execu- tive officials and bodies. The regultions create a number of duties and prohibitions, and confer the power to put them into effect. (DLC) 3033* Defence regulations JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1939, September 23, Vol, 103, Mo, 38, p. 623 On September 1, amendments were made to the Emergency Powers (Defence) Act,1939* The most important regulations are here indicated. Regulation 2A deals with acts done with the intent to assist the enemy, 2B with sabotage. The first is punishable with penal servitude for life on con- viction. The second is punishable with a term of penal servitude not exceeding a term of fourteen years and or a fine of five hundred pounds on conviction. Opinion has al- ready been expressed that summary proceedings may be taken for any of the offences, if that course commends itself to the authorities. (DLC) 305L» Defence regulations; evacuation area THE SOLICITORS» JOURNAL (London) IRliO, July 20, Vol. 8L, No. 29, p*..U3U A summary of regulations dealing-with unoccupied property in evacuation areas. Such areas to be designated by the Ministry of Home Security, (DLC) 3055* Emergency powers (defense) Labour (London) I9I4O, September, Vol. 3, No. 1, p, $9h Special courts can now be set up in emergency areas - resulting from air raids or attempted invasion. These courts supersede the regular function of trial by jury. They deal with major offences at once and the proceedings 230 LAWS AND REGULATIONS of the courts are to be reviewed by no less than three persons in all cases where the death sentence is imposed* All offenses can be handled by these courts, but in practice the courts probably will deal with the more serious ones.' (DLC) . “■ ■ , 3056, Emergency powers (Defence); the defense regulations GREAT BRITAIN. “OFFICE OF THE PARLIAMENTARY COUNSEL 1939, London, H. M, Stationery Office, p. 113 Pt, I, Provisions for the security of the state; iPt, II, Public safety and order; Pt. Ill, Ships and air-craft; Pt. IV, Essential supplies and work; Pt. V, General and supplementary provisions. (DLC) 3057. The Finsbury ARP case THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, September 1, Vol. I48, No, 2łi31, p. 1961 Extent of the powers of Local authorities in ARP work defined in the decision in the case of the Attorney General (at the relation of Martin) vs, the Mayor, 'Aldermen and Burgesses of the Metropolitan Borough of Finsbury, (DLC) Fire brigade and A, R. P. law THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939; January 6, Vol. i|8, No, 2397, p. 2U Various incidents since the publication of the first edition of "The law of the Fire Brigade", created the necessity for a second edition. Changes made in the law by the act of 1938 are fundamental, necessitating a de- parture from the plan of the first edition of the book. The new volume, "The Law of Fire Brigades and Air Raid Precautions" contains a succisyst survey of ARP and other important information. Notes publication of "The law of Fire Brigades and air raid precautions", a new edition of a work previously issued under the title, "The law of the Fire Brigades". (DLC) 231 LAWS AND REGULATIONS The fire prevention order THE ENGINEER (London! 19U1, March 28, Vol. CLXXI, No. UUU6, p. 203 Clarifications of fire prevention (business premises) order. (DLC) 3060, Fire prevention order TRADE AND ENGINEERING (London) 191*1, April, Vol, XLVIII, No. 926, p. 23 Recent consultations which have taken place between the Ministry of Home Security, representatives of the Trades Union Congress and of the Employers1 Organizations have ' cleared away whatever misunderstandings or misapprehensions existed relative to the Fire Prevention (Business Premises) Order, Since its introduction success of air raids have been sharply curtailed, (DLC) 30Ó1, Ley sobra la organlzacion general de la nacion para el tiempo de guerra ~CThe law for the general organization of the nation in times of war) REVISTA MILITÄR (Buenos Aires) 1 1938, Vol. 38, pt, 2, p-769 Appended, A Spanish translation of the French official publication. Its major divisions are as follows; I. General principles, II, Use of all persons and resources. Ill, The war command, and the function of the public officers, IV, Economic or- ganization in time of war, V, Special orders, (DLC) 3062. List of emergency statutory/ rules and orders GREAT BRITAIN STATIONERY OFFICE I9I4O, 19Ul and supplements, (Ldndon) An index to emergency laws in effect up to time of publica- tion. Consult entries under "Air precautions", "Billeting", "Civil Defense" , "Fire", "Home Guard", "Lighting", "Roads and road vehicles". (DLC) 232 LAWS AND REGULATIONS 3063. Luftschutzgesetz (Air Raid defense rules) REICHS - GESUNDHEITSBLATT (Berlin) 1935, July, Vol. 10, pp. 6U1-6U2 The Reich Minister of Aviation is responsible, for the • formulation and execution of air raid protection laws. All persons are obligated for direct service or service in kind, (DSG) 306łu Das luftschutgesetz und seine praktische durchführung (Aerial defense law and its practical application,) WIENER KLINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT (Vienna) .• .1939, August U, Vol. 52, No. 31, pp. 737-7UO A review of aerial rules in the first world war. Regula- tions for air craft at the present time; possibilities of effecting pre-arranged plans. Outline of the theater of operations, bombing of civilians, provisions for first aid ■ stations. (DSG) 3065. Moratorium JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) I9UO, July 20, Vol. IOU, p. UOl "Summary of laws dealing with the suspension of payments of rents, taxes, and water, gas and electricity rates for un- occupied premises in evacuation areas. (DLC) 3066, :On the floor of the house THE'LANCET (LondonJ 1939., May 6, Vol. CCXXXVI, No. 6036, p. 1071 A debate on the Civil Defense Bill. An amendment was made to clear up the confusion which has arisen between ARP duties under the Home Office, the Ministry of Transport, and the Ministry of Health, (DLC) 3067. Protection des populations civiles (Protection of civilian - population s') REVUE INTERNATIONALE DE LA CROIX-ROUGE (Geneva) 1939, Vol. 21, pt, 2, pp. 990-1001 Texts of laws and other regulations enacted in various countries for the general protection of civilians; future construction of hospitals and other health buildings; 233 LAWS AND REGULATIONS anti-gas protective measures. Similar bulletins found in each monthly number under same title, (DSG) 3068, Rent and rates in evacuation areas THE LAW TIMES (London) 19i|0, August 17, Vol, 190, No. 508l, p. 87 The Defence (Evacuated Areas) Regulation 19U0, is "an unfortunate example of hasty legislation". The poor believe that the effect of this regulation is to cancel all liability for rent and rates. The order, under the Emergency Powers (Defence) Act, is merely a legal authorization to postpone payments during the evacuation period. (DLC) 3069, Statutory rules and orders AMALGAMATED ENGINEERS UNION MONTHLY JOURNAL (London) 19Ul, March, Vol, 8, No, 3, p. 67 "Several general Regulations have been ma.de recently under the Emergency Powers Defense Act dealing with phases of Civil Defense duties. Some of the most important ones are summarized below." No, 26A Persons between 16 and 60 are obliged to perform Civil Defense duties; this service is compulsory, 27B provides that occupiers see that fires resulting from hostile attack will be immediately detected and combatted. Fire prevention duties outside of working hours must aggregate J48 hours each month. No, 70 applies to compulsory enrollment for Civil Defense duties and lays down obligations upon the local authority with respect to registration and enrollment. After the local authority is satisfied that a person is performing duties under the Fire Prevention order, he may be exempted from enrollment, (DLC) 3070, War charities act 19h0 THE LAW TIMES XhondonT 19h0, December 21, Vol. 190, No. £099, Supplement "An act to provide for the registration and control of war charities, and for the extension of objects of certain war charities; and for purposes connected with matters aforesaid." 27th June This act with all its regulations and sections, deals with the control and registration of war charities, fully explained in a pamphlet supplement, (DLC) LAWS AND REGULATIONS 2071. Zamechanira k proektu nNastavlenie po vozdushnogo nabliudeniia, opoveshcheniia, i svfäzi territorii strany (VNQS)’’(Comments on the proposed regulations regarding air observation, information, and communi- cation services of the country* s territories') Apakov VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHN01 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1938, No, 8, pp. UO-Uh, illus., charts and drawings The proposed Regulations in the opinion of the author, have a great many shortcomings. These Regulations (see title above) were published by NKO SSR (People’s Commissariat of Defense) (Moskva, 1935>) (Moscow 1935>). The author divides his comments under the headings: (a) General Comments, and (b) Comments on the text. Besides the general evaluation of the ’’Regulations" he suggests adding the following sections: (1) The use of radio, its role and practical application to the above named service; (2) Meteorological Service; (3) Equipment, Comments on the text include: communications be- tween the smallest sectors Of air raid defense and obser- vation posts, air raid wardens, ■ fire posts; equipment of observation posts, clothing in winter for members of ob- servation posts, sound detection devices, study groups for maibers of observation posts, and many other matters pertinent to the service of air observation, information, and communications, (DLC) LIBRARIES 3072, Books for evacuated children TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, September 23, No. 1273, p. 379 Providing reading, matter for children in evacuated areas; contribution of the Library Association. (DLC) 3073* Libraries uńderfire AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSN. BULLETIN- (Chicago) 19UX, May, Vol. 35, No. 5, p. 277, illus. Describes what has happened to the libraries of Britain as a result of Air Raids. Outlines methods of home defense that have been employed to protect libraries from destruc- tion by bombs. (DLC) LIBRARIES 307k. Library books, in air raid damage JUSTICE OF THE PEACE 19kl, January 11, Vol, 10£, No, 2, p, 16 The question of liability for public library books destroyed by enemy action in borrower's home, (DLC) 3075>. Public libraries - use by evacuees JUSTICE OF THE PEACETLondön) 19U0, January 27, Vol, 10l|, No, It, p. 5>0 Discusses the question of whether free public libraries in reception areas should charge evacuees for use of their books, (DLC) 3076, Trade notes BRITISH PLASTICS (London) 19Ul, May, Vol. 12., No. ihh, p. 382 The "Technical Service Library; 10, Cross Lane, London" ...with the service of the Rex Campbell and Co., have established a National Service. Section in the Library for recent publications dealing with ARP, AFS and First Aid. (DLC) “ 3077. Wartime expedients at Salford Maltby, H. J. M. THE LIBRARY ASSOCIATION RECORD (London) 19kl, April, Vol, h3, No, 1|, p. 67 A selection of a suitable place for a library was made after considering certain types of buildings. This was a necessity due to the damage of two large branch library buildings dur- ing recent air raids on Salford. (DLC) 236 LIGHTING, See BLACKOUT - LIGHTING MEDICAL AND NURSING SERVICE. See also FIRST AID* HEALTH AND HYGIENE; HOSPITALS 3078, Administration of A, R. P, casualty service BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL. (London) 1939, November 18, No. IfH5>, p, 1021 Upon the unification of the A, R. P, and Hospital service, depends the saving of the lives of the civil population during bombardments, (DLC) ■ 3079. Air-raid casualties and county practitioners THE LANCET (London) 19U0, February 2li, Vol. 238, No. 6078, p. 383 An appropriate addition to the fee of l6s is being considered, because of an abnormal amount of travelling required of county practitioners to treat air-raid casualties, (DLC) 3080. Air-raid casualties in London THE LANCET (London) 1939, June 3, Vol. GCXXXVI, No. 60UO, p. 1239 ■ A letter by L, Crome, R, E. W, Fisher, and G. B, Shirlaw in answer to Mr, ’’A’’, They find Mr, ’’Afs" solution to the problem of evacuation of casualties attractive at first glance but its practicability open to question. Prime essentials are efficient first aid, careful classifica- tion, gentle handling and rapid evacuation, (DLC) 308l. Air raid precautions THE LANCET (London) 1938, April 23, Vol. 23h, No. 9982, p. 9hS The organization of medical services for air raid work; first aid parties, first aid and cleansing posts, ambulance services, cemeteries and central materials. It is desired that ARP volunteers should be given systematic general training and some understanding of discipline so as to do their jobs effectively and so form a stabilizing and ’’anti- panic" factor in any emergency, (DLC) 237 MEDICAL AND NURSING SERVICE 3082, The air raid. A series of articles on medical organization and surgical practice in air attack. Mitchiner, P, H, and Cowell, E. M. THE LANCET (London) 1939, March 11, Vol, 236, No. 6028, p, 601. (DLC) 3033. The air-raid. A series of articles on medical organization and surgical practice in air attack. Mitchiner, P. H. and Cowell, E, M. THE LANCET (London) 1939, March 18, Vol. 236, No. 6029, p. 639. (DLC) 308U. A. R. P. casualty service (gas casualties) BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London-) 19U0, March, Vol. 1, No. Ul33, p. U97. (DLC) 3089. A. R. P. to be taken by Users of Ammonia (Misc.) GREAT BRITAIN, AIR RAID PRECAUTIONS DEPT. I9I4O, London, H. M, Stationery Office, (Available atBritish Library of Information, 90 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y. Id. 9$) * 3086. Auxiliary nursing services THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London) 19U1, March, Vol. 69, No. 1709, p. lOlu The Health Ministry and ARP inaugurated an Auxiliary Nurs- ing reserve Corps to cover medical aid posts in air raid shelters, (DSG). 3037. Blood and blood substitutes in resustication of air raid casualties MEDICAL PRESS AND CIRCULAR (London) ... 19Ul, January 29, Vol. 209, pp. 89-90 The loss of circulating fluid, the mechanics of traumatic shock and hemorrhagic shock. Treatment of shock (a) trau- matic, (b) hemorrhagic. Types of air raid casualties, (DSG) 238 MEDICAL AND NURSING SERVICE 3088, Blood transfusion service JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) • 1939, July 22, Vol. 103, No. 29, ; p. 1493 The Medical Research Council has appealed' to- the Nurses to persuade volunteers to come forward and register under the war-time blood transfusion scheme. It has been found in modern warfare that ten percent of air-raid casualties need blood transfusion. (DLC) 3089* Bulletin of war medicine (Bulletin No, 1) GREAT BRITAIN, MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL IpiiO, September, London, H. M, Stationery Office, (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, Mew York, N. Y. 2/6 750). 3090. Bulletin of war medicine, (Bulletin No, 2) GREAT BRITAIN, MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL IBilO, November, London, H. M. Stationery Office, (Available at British Library of Information, 5'0 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, ,N. Y. 2/6 750). 3091* Casualty services: cooperation with'employers of labour THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London) I9I4O, July 6th, Vol, 6k, No, 1, p, 5 Inspection of the casualty service organization of commer~ cial and industrial undertakings. Confusion regarding proportion of trained first-aid personnel required; equipment for first-aid parties; recommendations for addi- tional equipment; possibilities for private firms removing their own casualties to hospitals, (DSG) 3092. Changes in the emergency nursing- services . THE LANCET '(London) 19)40, February 3, Vol. GCXXXVIII, No. 6075, p. 2^0 An advisory council will replace the 'central emergency committee dealing with the civil nursing reserve* This change is a decision of the Ministry of Health. No change is to be made in the local organization of the reserve, (DLC) 239 MEDICAL AND NURSING SERVICE 3093. Chirurga sehe Aufgaben des Arztes in eniner, luftschutz- rettungstelle (Surgical problems of doctors in an air raid shelter - First aid station) • DEUTSCHE MEDIZINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT (Leipzig) 191+0, May, Vol. 66, No. 22, pp, 5>97-600 Examination and classification of persons wounded; treatment of large,wounds likely to cause immediate death; treatment of those who must be hospitalized; the doctor and his personality. (DSG) 309k» Comentaries acerca. de la -assistencia de los heridos ocaslonados por el bombardeo sobre Londres (Care of the wounded during air raids over London"/” DIA MEDICO (Buenos Aires) 191+1, January 20, Vol, 13, pp. 1+6-U8 Description of treatments applied to the various types of wounds caused by concussion and splinters, (DSG) La coordination des activites medicales pour la protection de sante des populations civiles en temps de guerre "("Coordination of medical activities for the protection of the health of the civilian population in wartime) BRUXELLES MEDICALS (Brussels) 1939, October l£, Vol. 19, pp.. lU97- l506. History of the protection of civilians during wartime, organization and importance of medical services; plans of organization of medical services in foreign countries; suggestions for improving civilian medical services; pro- visions for protection against air raid, (DSG) 3096* La coordination des activites medicales pour la protection de la sante des populations civiles en temps de guerre Tco -ordinating the medical services for protection of the health of civilian population during wartime) LA PROTECTION DE LA'POPULATION CIVILE (Liege) 1938, Vol. 11, pp. 2^7-275. Consideration for organising the medical personnel to meet the demands of modern warfare and the protection of civilians, (DSG) MEDICAL AND NURSING SERVICE 3097. Co-ordination of civil defense medical services BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London) 191*1, April 26, Vol. 3, No. 1*192, p. 90 Recommends fixed first aid posts and mobile units. (DSG) 3098. Ün cours sur la defense passive a la faculte de medecine J~A course on passive defense at the medical school) ARCHIVES MEDICALES RELGES (Brussels) 1936, Vol. 89, pp. 227-8 The danger to the civilian population aerial and chemical warfare has made it imperative that defensive measures be taught to the general public. Because of the importance of the role of doctors and others of the profession in the event of such attack, a training course was inaugurated, to acquaint these professionals with the field service, (DSG) 3099. Cuidado medico y sanitario requerido por la poblacion civil bajo los at ague s aereos. ("Medical and sanitary care of the civilian population necessitated by attacks from hostile aircraft) REVISTA ESPANOLA DE MEDICINA (Valladolid) 19l4l, March, Vol. 6, No. 31, pp. 176-202 A translation of an article appearing in the Military Surgeon, January, 19Ul. (DLC) 3100, La defense des etab lissements du service de sante contrę les attaques aeriennes. (Defense of medical units from aerial attacks) ARCHIVES MEDICALES BELGES (Brussels) 1936, Vol. 89, pp. U68, 475 A set of 12 questions to be discussed by international correspondents of the Bulletin, (DSG) 3101. La defense passive vue par un medecin (Passive defense as seen by a physician*) JOURNAL DE MEDICINE (Paris) 1938, Vol, 98, pp, UUl-6 and U66—?U The general problem of air raid attacks and defenses; bombs and gases; their physical and moral effects; saving of human life and property. Hole of the physician, (DSG) MEDICAL AND NURSING SERVICE 3102. Doctors and air-raid precautions THE LANCET (London) 1936, July 30, Vol. CCXXXV, No. 5996, p. 255 An ARP medical committee is formed to assist municipal authorities in cases of emergency. They will help prepare those doctors over 50 years of age for emergency service in the event the younger doctors are called for war service. (DLC) 3103, Doctors and fire prevention duties BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London) I9I4I, May 10, Vol. 3, No. hl?h, p. 739 •Should doctors be called for civil defense duties? (DLC) 3IOI4• Druggists play heroic role in Britain's defense AMERICAN DRUGGIST (New York!“ I9UI, August, Vol, 10, pp. lil-U5> 66-70 In spite of air raids British druggists still carry on. Substitute drugs are used and the home cultivation of certain medicinal plants has been advised, British drug- gists serve after an air raid by offering their services to the medical officer of health, A pharmacist is ap- pointed as an adviser for the purchase of A,R.P. medical stores. (DLC) 3105, Emergency hospital scheme; artificial limbs and other surgical' appliances JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 19h0, July 20, Vol. IOU, p. k0'3 Government to supply artificial limbs and other surgical appliances to c ivilians and civil defense workers injured by enemy action. (DLC) 3106, England and Wales (Treatment of persons blinded in air-raids) BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London) 19i|0, April, Vol. 1, No. U135, p. The civilian casualties who may become blind as result of war injuries will be cared for under the hospital scheme, (DLC) 242 MEDICAL AND NURSING SERVICE 3107. Evacuated tuberculous persons PUBLIC HEALTH (London) 1941, July, Vol. LIV, No. 10, p. 193 Requests have been made to the Minister of Health regarding notifications and case records of evacuated tuberculous persons by the local authorities. "Circular 2362" has been sent to medical officers of health, local authorities, and Joint Tuberculosis Boards. (DLC) 3108. Evacuation; health and welfare services THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London) 1941, February 15, Vol. 65, No. 7, p. 48 Government regulations on medical treatment in an emergency. (DLC) 3109. An evacuation problem In Royal Institute of Public Health and Hygiene. Journal. (London) 1940, September, Vol. 3, P«. 233 The subject of cleanliness of evacuee children; recommenda- tions to evacuation authorities to pay attention to this when notice of evacuation gives time for such measures. Sending vermin infected children to clean rural homes seems unnecessary except where evacuation is sudden. (DLC) 3110. Evacueełs sore throat and shelter tonsilitis Layton, T. B, THE BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, October 19, Vol, 2, No. 4163, p. 531, (DLC) 3111. Experience gained in regard to air raid casualty and hospital services. PUBLIC HEALTH (London) 1940, October, Vol. 54, pp. 5-10 (DLC) 3112. First aid and nursing for gas casualties (Handbook 2) Great Britain. Air raid precautions' Department 1940, London, H. M. Stationery Office. (Available at British Library of Information, $0- Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N, Y.) 243 MEDICAL AND NURSING SERVICE 3113« First aid for eye injuries Stollard, H. B. THE UNGET (London) 1939, September 2, Vol. 237, No. 6053, p. 576 A letter by H, B. Stollard to the editor, stating that panto- cain would be of considerable service in first aid treatment of gas casualties. This drug could be used by lay persons in first aid posts and mobile units. Those injured by mustard gas vapor could be made comfortable and should be able to open eyes within gas respirators sufficiently to walk to the hospital. (DLC) 3114. Folgen der luftangriffe in England (Results of aerial attacks in England) MEDIZINISCHE KLINIK (Berlin) 1941, March 7, Vol. 37, p. 254 The bombing of several districts in England in the fall of 1940; medical aid for the injured in first aid posts, air raid shelters provisions and hospitals; summary of the number killed and wrounded. (DSG) 3115. The G. P. in air raids THE LANCETTLondon) 1940, June 29, Vol. 238, No. 6096, p. 1183 Dr. R, H. Parry, Medical officer of Health for Bristol has sent doctors in his area a copy of suggestions prepared by the local medical war committee which seems worthy of considera- tion throughout the country. (DLC) 3116. Die Gefahren des Luftkriegs mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der ärztlichen aufgaben (The perils of aerial warfare with special consideration of medical problems) ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR ÄRZTLICHE FORTBILDUNG (Berlin) 1939, October 1, Vol. 36, No. 19, pp. 577-584 Protective measures for the population against aerial bombard- ment. Classification and treatment of war gases as they affect 244 MEDICAL AND NURSING SERVICE the eyes, the skin and the lungs. (DSG) 3117. General principles pf treatment of air raid casualties THE BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (TondonT~ 1941, March 1, Vol. 3, No. 4182, pp. 309-311 The majority of people wounded as a result of air-raid suffer from slight wounds, which do not require skilled surgical treatment, -Those persons, who are seriously injured, are often'too ill for treatment requiring surgi- cal skill therefore surgery in casualties resulting from air raids are limited. Fragments of bombs often knock away parts and sometimes the entire face of a person because the victim refused to throw himself flat on the ground. While bombs and masonry are falling, the first- aid squads are working without regard to the danger. However, Dr. Philip H. Mitchiner is of the opinion that the first aid squads "take too long in carrying out unnecessarily elaborate first aid and bandaging”. A reception room of a hospital with experienced medical practitioners, who would examine the various cases in order to determine the injuries of the patient, is being advocated by Dr. Mitchiner. The injuries of people resulting from air raids may include wounds from crush accidents, falling masonry, burial under ruins, bombfragments, flying glass, and burns from various sources. "In treating burns some form of tannin gives,the best results," according to Dr, Mitchiner. (DSG) 3118. Hautschaden durch Brandbomben und chemische Kampfstoffe (Skin injuries from incendiary bombs and chemical treatment) WIENER KLINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT (Vienna) 1940, January 12, Vol, 53, No. 2, pp. 40-44 Considerations of burns resulting from different chemicals in various types of bombs; methods for treating three degrees of skin injuries,. (DSG) .. 3119. Health services for evacuated population THE BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, November 23, Vol. 2, No, 4168, p, 732 Equipment and accommodations for the evacuated. (DSG) 245 MEDICAL AND NURSING SERVICE 3120. Health services in reception areas TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, October 7, No. 1275, p. 396 Scheme for extending public health services in receiving areas to cover needs of school children and others who have been evacuated. (DLC) 3121. Health services in the receiving areas (Government evacuation scheme) Memorandum E.V.S. 5* and D.H.S. Circular 38 Great Britain. Department of Health for Scotland 1939, October. London, H. M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y.) 3122. Keridos por el bombardeo sobre Londres comentarios sobre' su assistencia TFotes on the aid given to the wounded of London’s air raids) REVISTA DE LA SANIDAD MILITÄR (Buenos Aires) 1941, January, 40th year,. No. 1, pp. 53“7 (DSG) 3123. Home treatment of air-raid, casualties THE LANCET (London) -• 1940, February 24,. Vol. 23.8, No. 6078, p. 374 Arrangements made for the treatment of air raid casualties among civilians and civil defense volunteers outside hospitals. Minor injuries will be treated at first aid posts and then at out-patient departments of hospitals. (DLC) 3124» London’ s air raids THE BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, November 9, Vol, 2, No. 4166, p. 643 Necessity of having doctors in all shelters. (DLC) 3125• Medical and sanitary care of the civilian population necessi- tated by attacks from hostile aircraft. Ledfords, G. E. AVIATION MEDICINE (St. Paul) 1940, December, Vol. 11, No. 4, p. 143 Rigid control of civilians must be maintained; authorities MEDICAL AND NURSING SERVICE must be prepared to deal with mass outbreaks of pestilence. All persons in bombed areas should be vaccinated against smallpox, (DLC) 3126, Medical and sanitary care of civilian population necessitated by attacks from hostile aircraft THE MILITARY SURGEON (Washington, D. C.) I9UI, January, Vol. 88, pp, I-2I4 (DLC) 3127. The medical and sanitary care of civilian population necessitated by attacks from hostile aircraft Lueth, Harold C, In The Military Surgeon, (Washington, D. C.) mi, June, Vol. 88, No, 6, p. 997 This article enumerates the medical and sanitary problems resulting from aerial attacks, and offers a general plan of solving them, (DLC) 3123. Medical attendance for air raid casualties THE LANCET (London) 19i+0, February 3, Vol, 238, No. 6079, p. 290 Arrangements made for medical treatment of civilian air raid casualties and civil defense volunteers injured in the per- formance of their duties. (DLC) 3129. Medical.care for homeless persons THE MEDICAL OFFICER (LondonF" November 16, Vol, 6)4, No. 20, p. 16? Public halls, schools and other buildings taken.over and used as distress centers5 duties of the district medical officer; co-operation between district medical officers and county authorities in regard to sanitary arrange- ments; supply of first-aid equipment, (DLC) MEDICAL AND NURSING SERVICE 3130, The medical care of evacuated children THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 3, Vol. hQ, No. 2Uo9, p. U9Ö The Minister of Health stated that those who accept the care of children under the evacuation scheme will be responsible under the schedule of payments, for any medical expenses which may be necessary in case of illness of children, (DLC) • 3131. Medical care of evacuees TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) ■ 19U0, January 20, No. 1290, p, 20 Organizing facilities to care for infectious cases, (DLC) 3132. Medical foresight and ARP ■ Rickman/John THE LANCET (London) 1939, March U, Vol. 236, No. 6027, p. 939 Detailed plans for protection should be made by medical men and put before the public to check the spread of apprehension resulting from air raid attacks, or from curtailment of water and food supplies, (DLC) 3133. Medical organization for war JUSTICE OF THE PEACE Tlondon) 1939, February 11, Vol. 103, No. 6, p, 97 Discontent in the medical profession in regard to the plans for organizing personnel and accommodations which are now being worked out by the Service Department, the Home Office and the Ministry of Health, These departments legitimately have different needs and must, to some extent, have a different spirit of approach, (DLC) 313iu Medical organization and surgical practice in air raids Mitchiner, P. H, and Cowell, E.-M, 1939, London, J, and A, Churchill, pp, 2U7, illus. Contents: (l) Organization and administration, (2) Expecta- MEDICAL AND NURSING SERVICE tion of casualties. Effects of aerial bombs. Protection of buildings, (3) General principles of wound surgery and anesthesia, (U) Wound shock, hemorrhage, blood transfusion (5) Infection; tetanus; gas gangrene, (6) Flesh wounds; burns; injuries of blood vessels and peripheral nerves, (7) Wounds of bones and joints, (8) Abdominal and pelvic injuries. (9) Chest wounds, (10) Wounds of the head and spine, (11) Wounds of the face, jaw and eye. (12) Nursing organization and nursing casualties. In Appendix: (a) first aid transport, (b) surgery and chemical warfare, (c) equip- ment for mobile surgical units (operating teams), (d) mobile x-ray units. (DSG) 3135. Medical supervision and attendance at emergency rest centres JUSTICE OF THE PEACElLondon) 19l*0, November 30, Vol. 10l*, No, 1*8, p. 669 Plans of Ministry of Health for medical service at emergency rest centers for people made homeless by enemy attack, (DLC) 3136. Medical supervision and attendance at public air raid shelters JUSTICE OF THE PEACE-(London) 19U0, November 9, Vol, 10l*, No,. 1*8, p. 626 Provision made for medical inspection of shelters and for medical attendance in cases of accident or illness. (DLC) 3137. Medical treatment of evacuated children JUSTICE CF THE PEACE (London) “ T 1939, September 23, VoL. 103/ No/ 38, p. 62? With the co-operation of the British Medical Association arrangements have been made for the medical treatment of children who ,are being accommodated in reception areas un- accompanied by their parents. Under these arrangements it will be possible for the householder in charge of such a child to call in any medical practitioner, and the charge for attendance will be dealt with under the arrangements made between the British Medical Association and the Local Medical Committees. (DLC) 3138, Medical treatment of evacuees THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 19i*0, September 13, Vol. 1*9, No, 21*85, p. 1193 Cost recovery for treatment of evacuees; the employment and 249 MEDICAL AND NURSING SERVICE duties of temporary medical officers. (DLC) 3139» Medicine and ARP THE LANCEfTLondon) 1939, January 7, Vol. 236, No. 6019, p. 35 A lack of knowledge in surgical practice shown by inquiries led to the publication of a series of articles on general principles of wounds surgery and anaesthetics, regional surgery, and nursing of casualties. (DLC) 3140. Memoranda on casualty treatment THE LANCET (London) 1939, September 2, Vol, 237, No. 6053, p. 578 Series of memoranda for the information of medical officers of health; group officers and others responsible for civilian casualty organization. One memo prescribes; (l) for simple emotional cases give a dose of bromide, (2) for confusion, excitement or loss of memory, rest and warmth, hot drinks with plenty of sugar, and (3) for restlessness, an injection of morphia. Another deals with the provision of tetanus and gas gangrene antitoxin. (DLC) 3141. Memorandum for the guidance of medical officers and other personnel at first aid posts (Emergency medical services Memorandum 4 Great Britain. Department of Health for Scotland 1940. London, H. H. Stationery Office, (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y.) 3142. Night baking THE LANCET (London) 1939, September 30, Vol. 237, No. 6057, p. 769 Ventilation is necessary for.night baking. A proposal was made to prohibit night-baking from 6 p.rn. to 6 a.m. because of blackout. It was not accepted. Ventilation facilities have been improved on and night-baking is continued. (DLC) 250 MEDICAL AND NURSING SERVICE 3143« Nursing organ!zation and nursing of casualties Miachiner, P. H. and Cowell, E. M. In The Lancet (London) 1939, March 25, Vol. 236, No. 6030, p. 719 An account of the role nurses will play in' dealing with air- raid casualties, knowledge of air-raid surgery, and acquaint- ance with "gas” required. (DLC) 3144. Observations on air raid casualties GUY’S HOSPITAL GAZETTE ’(London) • 1941, Vol. 55, No, 1376, op.’90-95 Criteria for the diagnosis and prognosis' of wound shock. Conditions of primary and secondary shock; shock and hemorrhage. Clinical observations end experiences. Methods of treating patients' suffering with various degrees of shock. (DSG) ’ • 3-145. One mobile unit in every borough JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London, 1939, April 15, Vol. 103, No. 15*. p. 253 There is to be at least one mobile unit in every borough. It is to consist of .a van ’filled with cupboards containing the full medical equipment of a fixed first aid post, with a doctor and if possible a trained-nurse. (DLC) 3146. LT Opera doll" informiera nella o rgani z z azi one mil it are ner la di.fesa de 13 a n at lone e del popo.lo (The duties of the nurse in the military organization for the defense of the nation and the populace) GIORNALE DI MEDICINA MILITÄRS (Rome) 1940, January, Vol, IB, No. 1, pp. 1-13 Specific role 'of the nurse, in military health organizations is found in the activities of territorial hospitals; Red Cross hospitals; traveler’s. aid posts; rural hospitals; Naval hospitals; anti-aerial and anti-gas protection. The nurse should be prepared for service by training which should included experiences in the operating room. With such train- ing her importance becomes greater for rendering assistance to the wounded during air raids. In ministering to the spirit- ual and moral needs of the convalescent, she has the most valuable role, (D3G) 251 MEDICAL AND NURSING SERVICE 3147. Organization of air raid casualty service (Memorandum 1) Great Britain. Air raid Precautions Department 1940. London, H. M. Stationery Office. (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y.) 3148. Organization of medical aid THE LANCET (London) 1939, January 7, Vol, 236, No. 6019, p, 41 A series of articles on medical organization and surgical practices in air attack. Written primarily for medical men with little knowledge of the treatment of war wounds, and treatment of large numbers of air raid casualties. (DLC) 3149. Organization of treatment of air raid casualties Trueta, Joseph THE LANCET (London) 1939, November 4, Vol. 237, No. 6062, p. 982 Efficient organization needed within the hospital so that surgeon’s energies are conserved and abilities exploited to the patient’s best advantage. Sound system of classifying cases essential. Establishment of first-aid posts at the casualty hospitals important to prevent delay of treatment. (DLC) 3150. Passive air raid defense scheme THE STATESMEN (Calcutta) 1940, December 19, No. 886, p. 12 Meeting of medical men to devise means for equipping the district with sufficient nurses. Plan is aided by Boy Scouts, Civil Guards, Members of other Social Service Leagues, First aid lessons in the high schools. (DLC) 3151. Payment of air raid casualties THE LANCET (London) 1940, March 2, Vol. 238, No. 6079, p. 436 The fee of 1ÓS payable under the scheme covers a period 252 MEDICAL AND NURSING SERVICE of one year from the first visit whatever the number of visits made during the. .year. There is no central fund representing all non-insured persons as the medical pro- fession is responsible for all members of the community whether insured or not. (DLC) 3152. Precautions for diabetic persons in wartime JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1941, February 15, Vol. 105, No. *?, p.* 97 Diabetic patients should carry cards indicating that they are diabetic and are taking insulin. The Diabetic Associa- tion has issued a pamphlet ’’Precautions for diabetic patients in wartime.” (DLC) 3153« Public health in wartime PUBLIC HEALTH (London) 1940, March, Vol. 53, No. 6, pp. 129-130 Prevention of disease; organization of medical and nursing service to cope with the problems of evacuation; expansion of emergency medical service to meet the demands of air raid casualties. (DLC) 3154. Scottish central emergency committee for the nursing profession (Circular 25) Great Britain. Department of Health for Scotland 1939, May 26. London, K. M. Stationery Office. (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y.) 3155* Shelter kids ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS (London) 1941, May 10, Vol. Ill, No. 11, p. 13 An account of the work being done by the shelter doctor and his nursing staff; work of the voluntary hospitals in caring for child shelterers.(DLC) 253 MEDICAL AND NURSING SERVICE 3196, Surgery of air raid casualties Mathews, D, N, In Annals of Surgery (New York) 19lil, June, Vol. 113, No. 6, pp. 910-91U. (D3G) 3197. Die tatigkeit des Sanitätsoffiziers im luftschutz-sanitätsdienst (The activities of health officers in aerial defense medical service) DER DEUTSCHE MILITÄRARZT (Berlin) 1938, August, Vol. 3, pp.368-370 Supervision of sanitary conditions in civilian and reserve armed force areas; purification of water, attendance at first aid stations; special provisions for children. 3198. ' This confused system of medical services THE MUNICIPAL JGURNALlLondon) 19h0, July 9, Vol. u9, No. 2U79, p. 883 A discussion of how well planned medical services may become confused on account of the large number of civilian casual- ties, The effect of the war on the medical profession. (DSG) 3199. Tratamionto de la gangrena gaseosa (Treating gaseous gangrene) REVISTA ESPANOLA DE MEDICINA (Valladolid) 19ii0, February, Vol. U, No. 18, p. 198. (DSG) 3160. The treatment of open fracture MEDICAL PRESS AND CIRCULAR (London) 19Ul, January 29, Vol, 209, No, 9308, pp. 78-82 Practices growing out of emergency conditions in bombed areas. Principles of treatment; first aid treatment; emergency treat- ment in hospitals; after treatment; treatment of complications. (DSG) 3161, War wounds and air raid casualties THE LANCET "(London) 1939, November 29, Vol. 236, No. 6069, p. 117U A review of published articles furnishing an outline for MEDICAL AND NURSING SERVICE doctors who are preparing to treat war casualties without previous war experiences, (DLC) . 3162. Was hat der Kraftfahrende Arzt bei Flieger-alarm zu beachten? XWhat has the motoring doctor to consider during an air' raid alarm?) ( • . ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR ÄRZTLICHE FORTBILDUNG (Berlin) 1939, October 1, Vol, 36, No. 19, p. 60.9 Blackout regulations for automobiles and their accompanying hazards. Activities of the ambulance'physician, (DSG) 3163. Works surgery and cleansing station THE ENGINEER’ (London) _ 19U1, June 20, Vol. CLXXI, No. UU98, pp. 397-399 Photographs of men and women receiving medical treatment in the Works Surgery and Cleansing Station and a plan of the station. The Cleansing Station treats employees of the various factories, (DLC) 316U* Wound shock, hemorrhage and blood transfusion Mitchiner, P. H, and Cowell, E, M, ~ • THE LANCET (London) 1939, January 28, Vol. 236.,. No, 6022, pp, 228-231 Practical instructions given to all concerned in the treat- ment of wound shock, hemorrhage and other airraid casualties. The technique of simple blood transfusion is also described. (DLC) - - MENTAL DEFECTIVES 3169. Mental defectives who have been evacuated JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) I9I4I, March 8, Vol. 109, No. 10, p. 13.9 Financial responsibility for care of evacuated mental defec- tives rests with sending,authority, (DLG) 3166, Transfer of persons of unsound mind and mental defects JUSTICE OF THE PEACE~TLondon) 1939, October 7, Vol. 103, No, Uo, p. 6£l Wide powers are given to the Minister -of Health-by Section £0 MENTAL DEFECTIVES of the Civil Defense Act, 1939, to make sure that facilities are available for the treatment in hospitals of casualties occuring as the result of enemy attack. These arrangements may also provide for the removal in the event of hostile attack, of persons of unsound mind and mental defectives. In accordance with the arrangements so made a person of un- sound mind is transferred from any institution within the meaning of the Mental Treatment Act, 1930* (DLC) MINES 3167. Air raid precautions at Collieries COLLIERY ENGINEERING (Tondon) 1938, February, Vol, 15, p. 47 Notes the use of camouflage, obscuration, control of smoke emission, window screening and similar precautions. (DLC) 3168, Air raid shelters for miners THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1940, July, Vol. 127, No. 3285, p. 138 Air raid shelters are being constructed for miners, (DLC) 3169. ARP at Collieries THE COLLIERY GUARDIAN (London) 1939, April 6, Vol. 1582, No. 4084, p. 620 In reply to the question asked by Mr. E, J. Williams if any provisions had been made for the protection of winding appara- tus, power stations and ventilating plant at Collieries, it was stated that it was the responsibility of Colliery Owners to make proper arrangements for the safeguarding of their property against air attack. A memorandum on air raid precau- tions was prepared by the Home Office on this matter. (DLC) 3170, Colliers and ARP THE COLLIERY GUARDIAN (London) 1939, May 12, Vol. 48, No. 4089, p. 845 Shelters might be constructed at the base of Colliery tips at a low cost and it has even been proposed that underground MINES workings should be used to provide an asylum for women and children. (DLC) MINORITY GROUPS. See also SHELTERS - MINORITY GROUPS 3171. Jewish casualties in Clydeside raid. ARP workers praised THE JEWISH CHRONICLE (London) 1941, April 18, No. 3,758, p* 12 An account of a German raid over a Clydeside Jewish Community in which a number of residents were killed and injured. Em- phasis is placed upon the efficiency of the Jewish ARP organiza- tion. Said one of the wardens, "all of them came through the test with flying colours and carried out the duties assigned them in a calm and efficient manner." (DLC) MORALE. See also SHELTERS - MORALE 3172. Air raids, discipline and panic THE LANCET (London) 1938, May 7, Vol. 234, No. 5983, p. 1061 The civilian population as -well as front-line troops need to be protected and safeguarded against air raid attacks. An explanation of the effect that air raids are having on the civilian population in Spain and China; the necessity for discipline to safeguard against panic. (DLC) 3173» Air raid shelter THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1940, October, Vol. CXXIII, No. 3190, p. 973 The writer considers fear one of the greatest problems of wartime. In order to be prepared to meet this condition, it is suggested that'civilians'be trained in pre-war days in the use of gas masks, become acquainted-with'air raid shel- ter protection and other phases of war protection. (DLC) 3174. Anxiety state in war THE MEDICAL PRESS AND CIRCULAR (London) 1941, February 12, Vol. CCV, No. 5310, p. 128 Not all persons are subject to neurosis the moment they are 257 MORALE exposed to danger; it depends upon the make-up of the individual. Being well fed and having sufficient rest goes a great way in resisting hysteria or anxiety state. Anxiety neurosis can be properly associated with instincts involved in self preservation, as during wartimes most civilians ex- posed to the perils of war cannot fight or run away, they lose all power to act; as a result of lack of independence to act as a whole, The amount of neurosis in the civil population has been less than was expected. (DLC) 3175. Application of psychology in war conditions NATURE (London) 1940, January-June, Vol. 145, No. 3662, pp.174-176 Health of munitions workers in 1918; effect of long hours, bad weather and food supplies. (DLC) 3176. ARP playtime THE JEWISH CHRONICLE (London) 1941, May 9, No. 3761, p. 14 A play given by Hempstead Civil Defense, the proceeds from which are to go to Hempstead Wardens' Welfare Fund. Programs of this nature containing songs, sketches, recitations, and other humorous and serious items, are for the purpose of keep- ing up civilian morale. (DLC) 3177. Blitz patrols TRUTH [London) 1941, March 28, Vol. 129, No. 3368, p. 26? A letter to the editor by Raymond Devereux, concerning remarks made about soldiers during night raids and’ the possibility of a regular system of small military patrols during the "black- out" hours of darkness for the main streets of London. "The Military Patrol” is considered important to civilian morale. (DLC) 3178. British transit answers the call to duty TRANSIT JOURNAL (New York) 1941, March, Vol. 85, No. 3, p. 88 During 18 months of war, under constant day and night bombings 258 MORALE British transportation has carried on with a minimum of disturbance. Through reroutings, changes in schedules, fuel rationing, use of fuel substitutes, use of subways and shelters, repairing damaged tracks, etc., transit agencies have come through, (DLC) 3179. British youth in wartime THE ENGLISH SPEAKING WORLD (London) 1941, April, Vol. 23, No. 4, p. Ill A story of the high morale of British youth under war condi- tions and the constant struggle to maintain it. Outlines all service by youth connected with civil defense. (DLC) 3180, Censorship CAVALCADE (London 1941, April 26, Vol, 3, No. 164, p, 8 The adverse effects of censorship on air raid victims. Holds that to announce only partial damage now is to pre- pare the people for worse news later, is very damaging to the civilian morale, (DLC) 3181, Civilian mental health in wartime AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 1941, May, Vol. 97, No. 6, p. 1575 Information about many countries, especially belligerent ones, has been compil ed by the Military Mobilization Committee of the American Psychiatric Association. (DSG) 3182, Civilian morale; medical aspects ■ THE BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London) 1941, March, Vol. 1, No, 4182, p. 330 Deals with crime; evacuation of children; the drafting of young persons of both sexes from civil life to service life. It is most important that those who have to deal with groups should understand the nature and significance of habit and behavior in abnormal environment. (DSG) 259 MORALE 3183. The courage of the East End THE OBSERVER (London) • 1940, September 15, No. 7970, p, 2 Damaged shop-fronts display signs "Our window is broken but not our Spirit". People laugh and sing even though whole streets are wrecked and families homeless. (DLC) 3184. Effect of war on civilian populations THE LANCETTLondonJ 1939, January 28, Vol. 236, No, 6022, p. 189 Anxiety produced by prolonged and severe air bombardment is the basic problem of the civilian population. As war progresses "real anxiety" becomes transformed into "neurotic anxiety". (DLC) 3185. Einige Beitraege zur Kriegspsychologie (Some contributions to the psychology of warl BERLINER KLINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT (Berlin) 1920, January 26, Vol, 57, No. 4, pp. 87-88 Similarity of effect of war on civil populations and the soldiers; effects of wounded returned from front lines on minds of civilians; increase of nervous and mental disorders during war. (DSG) 3186. Fitness for national defense stressed by recreation experts SCIENCE NEVIS LETTER (Washington, D. C.) 1940, October 12, Vol. 38, No. 15, p. 231 Athletic areas and playgrounds should be kept open all day, to build health, patriotism and morale of defense workers, (DLC) 3187. Kriegspsychosen (Warpsychosis) DIE MEDIZINISCHE VIELT (Berlin) 1931* January 4, Vol. 5, No. 4, PP* 109-112 A review of psychical changes due to wars since 1870. The manner in which wars produce neurotic conditions in individuals. Advantages of immediate treatment. (DSG) 260 MORALE 3188, Lady of the lamp THE SKETCH (London) 19i|l, April 30, Vol. CXCIV, No. 2518, p. 1 ho Nurses' courage and devotion to duty are one of the most inspiring features of the defense of London. Nurses not only aid the sick and wounded, but on occasions have had to evacuate patients from bombed buildings. (DLC) 3189. Mental aspects of ARP THE BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, August 26, Vol. 2, pp,U57-U58 Reasons for breakdown of the morale of the population; pre- disposition to states of anxiety and panic; vital importance of preventing panics; the need for disciplined civil populations; responsibility for training auxiliary per- sonnel, (DSG) 3190. Mental health -in wartime In American Medical Association. Journal* (Chicago) T9U1, April, Vol. 116, No. 16, pp* 1774-1775 The facility with which one can project his fears and anxieties is likely to be most important in preventing mental breakdowns. The herding together of individuals in shelters in the face of common danger, aid the leveling-out . . process in society, which is consequent upon universal hard- ship have no doubt been largely responsible. (DSG) 3191* National defense comes to town WESTERN CITY (Los Angeles) 19U1, May, Vol. 17, No. p. 18 Civilian problems in national defense; organization of workers to engage in general welfare and recreation duties in order to maintain civilian morale during air raids. (DLC) 3192. Nazi swarms blast at London in onslaught to crack morale NEWSWEEK (New York)“ 19U0, September 16, Vol. 16, p. 22, illus. Civilian morale reported unimpaired by German air attack on London. (DLC) 261 MORALE 3193« Neuroses in wartime. Memorandum for the information of the medical profession, (Misc.) Great Britain. Ministry of Pensions 19f0, London, H. M. Stationery Office. (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y.) 319)4. The neuroses of non-combatants in time of war THE PRACTITIONER~XLondon) 1939, December, Vol. Iii3> 858, pp. 618-627 Consideration of the individual's reaction to insecurity; danger of a neurotic individual's association with others; reactions of noncombatants exposed to sudden danger; methods of handling the psychotic character. (DSG) 3195. New York on the air raids. London cool under fire THE 0 ESERVER-(London") August 18, No. 7786,-p. 6 London stresses cool way that population took the raids; British morale high after heavy attack by Nazis; the Wall Street Journal reviews Britain's war efforts, (DLC) 3196. Notes and comments THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 19l|0, August 30, Vol, U9, No. 2U83, p. 1125 Discusses how air raid protection has proven its worth. The courage of civil defense workers; how the war has been a financial handicap to local authorities; municipal trading in wartime; abnormal working conditions during the war. (DLC) 3197« Panic and air raid precautions Rickman, John THE LANCET (London) 1938, June I4, ,Yol. 23U, No. 5988, p. 1291 Dr, Rickman discusses fear, fright and anxiety. Names two 262 MORALE reactions to danger: affective reaction and protective re- action. The three essential features of panic arej(l) causation of panic, (2) panic in organized groups, (3) panic in unorganized groups. The loss of self control has been ignored in (a) group bonds and self control, (b) external and '’internal" dangers, (c) psychological pre- cautions. A remedy is offered for checking the out-break of panic, (DLC) 3198. Panic states in civilians THE BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, June 1, Vol. 1, No. 4143, pp. 887-889 A report on several case histories in ■which the illness was preceded by circumstances of war; panic and fear as the most prominent symptom; possibility of war causing an increase in neuroses and psychoses. (DSG) 3199. The people and the air war THE OBSERVERTLondon) 1940, August IB, No. 7786, p. B Statements on how the British are "taking it", good humor, courage and numerous small incidents show how they face danger. (DLC) 3200. Psychological emergencies in wartime THE BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, September 9, Vol. 2, No. 4105, pp. 576-578 The psychological reaction of a civilian population exposed to frequent and intense aerial bombardment. Effects of simple terror and anxiety hysteria. The influence of war conditions on obsessional neurotics. Variation in pro- portion of psychiatric casualties in each war. (DSG) 3201. The psychology of Quislingism THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHO-ANALYSIS (London) 1941, January, Vol. 22, No. 1, pp. 1-6 Discusses the two decisive factors on which the outcome 263 MORALE of the war apparently depends; namely, aircraft production and civilian morale. (DSG) 3202. ’ Reject a mental blackout LOCAL GOVERNMENT (London) 1940, November 11, Vol. 20, No, 11, p. 254 "Britons are fighting for their cultural heritage." Stresses their morale and sbund psychological principles. (DLC) 3203. Revival of parish LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE (London) 1940, February, Vol. 20, No. 2, p. 37 "ARP has revealed the great depth of latent neighbourliness even in our most hard boiled suburbs, a spirit which could well be harnessed for wider efforts upon a parish or community basis." (DLC) 3204. Terrorism in aerial attack NATURE (London) 1941, Hay 17, Vol. 147, Mo, 3733, p. 602 An account of the reaction of the London civilians to the aerial attack of Hay 10 and 11, 1941« Comments on quota- tions from the Völkischer Beobachter. (DLC) 3205. The war at home (editorial) THE MEDICAL PRESS AND CIRCULAR (London) 1940, June 26, Vol. 203, No. 5277, p. 521 The duties of the medical man in relation to civil morale. (DSG) 3206. War reactions of a rural Canadian community THE JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY (Albany) 1941, April, Vol. 36, No. 2, pp. 200-223 Although under circumstances of war the account must be somewhat subjective, it has been possible to secure a pre- liminary insight into the factors determining the reaction MORALE of the inhabitants. In order to hear war discussions and "careless .talk" it would be necessary to avoid cities and towns that have cautioned the inhabitants against such expression, (DSG) 3207. Welfare and education In Royal Army Medical C.orps., journal. (London) I9UI, May, Vol. 76, No. 5, p.'289 "Boredom worse enemy than Germans”, Something to do. Morale more vital than tanks, (DSG) 3208. Women organize THE ENGLISH SPEAKING WORLD (London) I9I4I, April, Vol, 23., Np, I4, p. 118 Compares the behavior- of British civilians during air raids with that of Americans during New England hurricane. Sug- gests instructions to all to avoid panic and hysterical action when attack comes. Says organization beforehand will insure order. (DLC) 3209. The world’s week THE OBSERVER-(London) . . 19lil, Uanuary No. ?8o6, p, 6 - Nerves of populace unshaken while city- burns. Description of heroic exertions of ARP workers and the fire fighting services. The meat ration and voluntary action for food economy. (DLC) 3210, Zur psychologie des voelkerkriegs (Psychology of a nation at war) DEUTSCHE REVUE (Leipzig) 1916, Vol. hi, No. 3-U, pp. 162-170 Comparative effects of previous wars and world war on mental aspects of the people. The basic principles of war fears. Reasons for changes in behavior of groups of persons during a war, (DSC) . ' 265 MULTIPLE-FUNCTION SHELTERS, See SHELTERS, MULTIPLE FUNCTION MUSEUMS 3211. Air raid damage to Bristol Museum THE MUSEUMS JOURNAL"TLondonT~ 19Ul, January, Vol. J4O, No, 10, p, 2?2 Great destruction and havoc were 'wrought in the Bristol Museum during an air raid in November, The Natural History Museum suffered the most damage. About half of the damage was irreparable. Some damage was due to incendiary bomb fire and the bursting of a large high explosive bomb inside George Willis Hall, (DLC) 3212, Air raid damage to museums the Museums jó urnalH[l ond on) I9I4I, March, Vol, ho, No, 12, p. 319 A great deal of damage was done to the British Museum (Natural History) by high explosive and incendiary bombs; the Dover Museum was also struck by a small calibre high- explosive bomb, causing destruction to the exterior and to specimens on the inside. First aid repairs were made at considerable cost. The Southampton Civil Centre was severely damaged, the damage being estimated at pounds. (DLC) 3213. Air raid damage to museums THE MUSEUMS JOURNAL (London) 19U1, May, Vol. Ul, No. 2, pp, 2$~26 An account of air raid attacks causing much damage to the following museums: Leeds City Museum, The Science Museum, The London Museum, Royal Botanic Gardens and their Museums« Portsmouth City Museum Was very nearly destroyed. Most of them: have been repaired and certain portions are open to the public, (DLC) 32lU, Air raid precautions Kuhn, Karl F, THE MUSEUMS JOURNAL (London) 1939, August, Vol. 39, No. 5, p, 279 A brief account of a publication dealing with the adoption of 266 MUSEUMS measures in wartime to protect churches and other ancient buildings; also considers precautions to be taken in museums* Precautions for preservation of museum material should be taken prior to war* (DLC) 321$. Air raid precautions for museums THE MUSEUMS JOURŃkL (Londonf 1939, August, Vol, 39, No. $, pp. 269-270 No consideration given to shelter accommodation, because the buildings will probably be closed to the public during war- . time, 1’hree chapters: (l) discusses "provision of staff shelters, the training of staff in anti-gas measures, fire- fighting and first aid and ARP control officer appointment". (2) Deals with "protection of buildings by sandbagging, rein- forcement of basements and roofs and fire ‘precautions, " (3) Discusses protection of material, "Protection in place, storage on premises, and evacuation," (DLC) 3216, Air raids and the Imperial War Museum Blaikley, Ernest THE MUSEUMS JOURNAL (London) 19Ul, February, Vol, 1|0, No. 11, p, 297 The roofs and windows of the art section were shattered. Exhibits and contents of roems and galleries have been stored for protection in strong vaulted rooms on the bottom floor. ‘ The pictures are placed on racks. Preserving the exhibits from exposure to weather and air attack presents a serious problem. The library has not been harmed and. the work con- tinues in the same manner. The activities of the map section are hampered. The staff is hindered by lack of conveniences. Valuables in' the Sheffield Museum were saved from bomb damage by covering with-wooden shutters every night, (DLC) 3217, Air raids and Welsh museums THE MUSEUMS JOURNAL (London) 19i|l, April, Vol. Ul, No. 1, p. 13 The windows and roof lights of the National Museum were 267 MUSEMS shattered due to blast from high explosive bombs* Not much damage was done inside* During an air raid attack on Swansea incendiary bombs struck the Glynn Vivian Art Gallery and the Deffett Francis Art Gallery School causing considerable damage. (DLC) 3218. Art exhibitions and the war THE MUSEUMS JOURNAL ILondon) 1939, December, Vol, 39, No, 9, p. 377 The activities of many art galleries were interrupted when the war began. The storage of valuable pictures, the pro- tection of roof-lights and the use of galleries for other purposes, are a few of the problems requiring immediate attention. Incidents which make it evident that there can l)e successful organization of exhibitions during wartime, (DLC) 3219. Liverpool museums destroyed THE MUSEUMS JOURNAL (London) I9I4I, June, Vol. U, No. 3, pp. 55-56 A great deal of damage was done to the Liverpool Museums on Merseyside, Several other museums were also damaged some more so than others by incendiary bombs and near-by explosion of bombs, (DLC) 3220. The London museums THE OBSERVER (London) 19U0, February 11, No, 7759, p. 15 LondonTs museums creep back to life: an account of the exhi- bitions and attendance at London’s largest museums, (DLC) 3221, Museum officials in evacuation towns THE MUSEUMS JOURNAL iLondon) 19U0, August, Vol. 1*0, No, 5, p. Iv3 Substitute employment is the aim of the National Association of Local Government Officers, An account is given of the chances of unemployment for museum officials * (DLC) 268 MUSEUMS 3222. Museums and ARP THE MUSEUMS JOURNAL (London) 1939, June, Vol. 39, No. 3, part 1, p. 130, (DLC) 3223. Museums and the war THE MUSEUMS JOURNAL (London) 1939, November, Vol, 39, No. 8, pp. 342-347 The Museums Association War Circular No. 1 deals with education- al activities. The two immediate duties of museums are (l) to continue existing services, and (2) to provide additional educational services. (DLC) 3224. Museums and wartime publicity THE MUSEUMS JOURNAL (London) 1939, November, Vol. 39, No. 8, pp. 347-349 The Museums Association War Circular No. 2 gives an explana- tion of the means already taken to extend publicity service at home. Assistance asked in specific directions. Ministry of Information can be assisted by the Museum movement in three ways, "(a) the use of halls or lecture rooms for lec- tures, (b) arranging temporary exhibitions (i) photographic exhibitions that deal with different phases of home or over- seas activities; (ii) poster exhibitions, (iii) specific exhibitions dealing with food problems, defense measures (ARP), (c) arrangement of smaller exhibitions." (DLC) 3225. Museums in wartime THE MUSEUMS JOURNAL' (London) ' 1939, October, Vol. 39, No. 7, pp. 318-319 A memorandum by the Museums Association contains discussion of the following: - Opening of museums, protection of material, emergency.use of museums, educational work, and ‘ art and other exhibitions. (DLC) 3226, Notes and notices THE MUSEUMS JOURNAL (London) 1941, April Vol. 41, No. 1, p. 12 The destruction of the Greek Museum at Nikopolis. The pre- cautionary measures being taken by the Ministry of Works to 269 IUSSUMS obtain the right treatment of damage done to historic build- ings. Local authorities are to be advised by the Royal Institute of British Architects and selected local architects. (DLC) 3227. Other air raid matters THE MUSEUMS JOURNAL (London) 1941, January, Vol. 40, No. 10, p. 273 The following topics are discussed: The Museums Association Records; permission given for records to be kept of air raid damage to museums and their contents. Damage to a South-eastern Museum; reference made to the frontispiece illustration of damage done to the South-East England by an early daylight raid. Air raid precautions; suggestions offered for precautionary methods in case of flooding caused by fire fighting. "R.I.B.A. Conference on damage to build- ings. Photographs of local air raid damage. Glass broken inside uninjured case." (DLC) 3228, Other air raid news THE MUSEUMS JOURNAL (London) 1941, February, Vol. 40, No. 11, p. 298 The Tate Gallery was Struck by three incendiary bombs. Dr. Johnson's House, one of the historic house museums of London was burnt, but the valuable manuscripts and other relics kept in a safe place in the basement were saved. Guild Hall Museum and Art Gallery were not seriously damaged, but the Sheffield Museum was damaged, (DLC) 3229 * Reopening of the Imperial War Museum Blaikley, Ernest THE MUSEUMS JOURNAL (London) 1940, April, Vol. 40, No. 1, pp. 8-9 The Imperial War Museum was closed for a while and reopened displaying models of famous ships, submarines, etc. in the Naval Gallery, Large and small historic "antiques" - exam- ples of early forms of camouflage and gas masks are displayed in the Army Gallery. Many of the more valuable works of art 270 MUSEUMS viere carried to places of safety. (DLC) 323O. Wartime activities in museums THE MUSEUMS JOURNAL (London) 1939, October, Vol. 39, No. 7, op. 328-330 A summary of available information concerning the various museums as to their closing and opening other activities. (DLC) . . . 323I. War work ..for the museum Grainger, John THE MUSEUMS JOURNAL (London) 1941, April, Vol, 41, No. 1, p. 1, illus. (DLC) NURSING SERVICE, See MEDICAL AND NURSING SERVICE NUTRITION 3232. Child nutrition . ■ TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1940, Jan ary 27, No. 3.291, p. 27 Points from the report of the Chief Medical Officer of the .Board of Education. Arrangements made with the Ministry of Health for evacuation of children from large urban areas. (DLC) 3233« Nutrition in wartime THE LANCET (London)’ 1940, February, 24, Vol. 23-, No. 60?S, p. 390 Food, health and income. .Nutrition in this war is being watched more then ever. First aim on the heme front should, be to keep the. price of the essential foods, especially milk, within the reach of the mass of people and to use intensive propaganda to- encourage their consumption. (DLC) 3234. Vitaml n fourd help in war blackouts SCIENCE NEWS LETTSRTWashington, D. C.) 1940, August 31> Vol. 3Ö, No. 9, P. 142 Prof. Emil Aberhalden points out in Zeithschrift fur 271 NUTRITION Volkernahrung published in Berlin, that Vitamin A is necessary for normal vision, without it persons are subject to night blindness, or inability to see in dim light. (DLC) ORGANIZATION 3235* Passive air defense THE AMERICAN CITY (New York) 19Ul, February, Vol. 56, No. 2, p. 5 Passive defense includes those measures of protection which can be taken on the ground to minimize the effects of attacks from the air. The most important of these are: (1) restriction of lighting, (2) evacuation of personnel from threatened areas, (3) provision for shelter, (U) maintenance of food, water and gas supply, and (5) treatment of casualties. (DIG) 3236. Rukovodstvo protivovozdushnoi oborony v kapitalisticheskikh gosudarstvakh (Leadership ofARP in capitalist countries) VE3TNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBORONY (Moscow) K. 1938, No. 10. pp. 52-5U. The organization and duties of the various branches of ARP, their relation to the government and local authori- ties in Germany, England, France, and Poland, are briefly described. (DLC) ORGANIZATION - BELGIUM 3237• Comentarios a la Minstruction general para la protection anti-aerea pasiva de la poblacion,y de las instalaciones civiles" (Observation on the 11 general instructions for passive defense of the civilian population and establish- ments") REVISTA DE ESTUDIOS MILITARES (Madrid) 1935, Vol. 7, pp. 218-20 Outlines organization for the defense of the Belgian nation from attack by air raid upon three major operations; 272 ORGANIZATION - ffiLGIUM 1. Offensive maneuvers by enemy air-craft. 2, Defensive maneuvers by the’military forces of the nation. 3« Pro- tective measures, passive in character and without arms, effected by the civilian population. (DSG) 3238, Nouvelles conceptions du role des non-belligferants (New conceptions of the”role of non-belligerents} ARCHIVES MEDICATES BELGES (Liege) 1936, Vol. 89, No. 2, pp. 68-71 The formation of a commission to supervise the sanitary conditions in cities and villages; organization of non- combattants to repair structures damaged by bombs; guarding and caring for prisoners of war; measures for protecting the civilian population, (DSC) ORGANIZATION - CANADA 3239. Indians learn ARP - air defense preparations in British . Columbia CANADA’S WEEKLY (New York) 19U1, April U, Vol. CXVII, No. 3026, p. 9 . To combat a new type of warfare in Canadaj poison gas Indians have been enrolled for-ARP work to take courses in first aid, anti-gas, home nursing, and firefighting. This precautionary‘training 'for Indians is part of a systematic air defense programme for British Columbia’s key cities and remote settlements. 32l|0, Regulations for defense - an editorial THE' ENGINEERING JOURNAL (Montreal) 1939., November, Vol, 22, No-, 11, p. ij.82 An editorial comment upon the different regulations in effect in Canada for the welfare and protection of its ' civilians in case of attack. Special stress is laid on those regulations- dealing with explosives, control of light, evacuation, contamination by gas sabotage and de- fense signals, (DLC) 273 ORGANIZATION - FRANCE 32ł|l. Contrę le danger aero-chimique. (Meeting the aero-chemical menace) LA PRESSE MEDICALS (Paris) ‘ ' "g 1935, February 23, Vol. U3, p. 315> Organization of doctors, pharmacists, chemists, architects and technicians, into four sections t© instruct the civilian population in passive defense through organized societies, (DSG) 32U2, Les measures de securite (Safety measures) Chapter II, La Defense Passive LA PETITS ILLUSTRATION (Paris) 1939, July 15, No, 927, pp, 7-12, Ulus.. Precautions against bombings and gas attacks; shelters and other devices, equipment. Instructions for town and country, men and animals, (DLC) 32łj.3. L1 Organization des sec ours (Organizing first-aid) Chapter V, La defense passive LA PETITE ILLUSTRATION (Paris) 1939, July 19, No, 927, pp. 2ii-U0, Appendix Fire-fighting methods; detection of gases and appropriate aids to victims; degasing, protection for foods and live stock. Organization, Appended, the decree (1939) for . "General organization, for passive defense of national territory.” (,DLC) . 32Ulu Problemes d1hygiene poses par la protection collective contrę les attaques aeriennes (Problems of hygiene due to group protection against aerial attacks) ANNALES DES FALSIFICATIONS ET DES FRAUDES (Paris) 1937,, June, Vol, 30, No. 3U2-, pp. 30ór-7 also' summary p, Practical study of. 3 important problems in passive defense; respiration, feeding and neutralization, and resultant questions in public health- and sanitation, (DSG) ORGANIZATION - FRANCE 32U9. A propos du functionnement des equipss de premier secours en matiere de defense passive JÓE the functions of first aid squads in passive defense) ANNALES D»HYGIENE PUBLIQUE INDUSTRIELLE ET SOCIALE (Paris) 1937, Vol. 15, n.s. pp. 197-206- Organizing a sanitation or first aid corps for operation in gas warfare; principles and tactics for actual duties. Recommendations on discerning gases, devising alarms and scout systems; time element and the effectiveness of the squad. (DSG) 32U6, La protection collective (Protection for the group) Chapter IV, La defense passive LA PETITE ILLUSTRATION (Paris) • 1939, July 19, No. 927, pp. 17-23, illus. Organizing mass evacuation; public shelters; blackout and anti-incendiary measures, (DLC) 32łi7. La protection individuelle (Protection for the individual) Chapter III, La defense passive LA PETITE ILLUSTRATION (Paris) 1939, July 1$, No. 927, pp. 13-16, Ulus. Instructions for the individual under gas and bomb attacks; fire prevention, detection and extinguishing, fire-proofing solutions. Shelter and emergency equipment. (DLG) ORGANIZATION - GERMANY 32U8, Abwehr schütz gegen luft-angriff (Defense and protection against air-raid-attack) pp, 91-97 DER MENSCH UND DIE GASE 1932, (Berlin) Raeder - Verlag. (Ltd) For the real protection of the population during an air- raid, certain technical organization measures are to be considered. The technical protection for the bulk of th» people consists of suitable shelters into which men, women and children can retire. A suitable shelter is the one which affords protection not only against explosives but against gas as well. For the establishment of such shelters ORGANIZATION - GERMANY certain fundamental requirements are essential. Cellars must be dug very deep with walls resistant to lateral pressure of a bomb exploding nearby. Two exits are required, and of paramount importance is the strength of the cellar ceiling which should be made of concrete or reinforced concrete. The walls of’the cellar or shelter should be gas- tight, Air-renewal should be provided by means of a proper ventilator, A further most important technical protective measure is the "Black-out", (DIG) 32li9, Die bodeutung der ärztlichen mitwirkung im gasschutz und luftschutzdienst (The importance of medical cooperation in the gas shelter and air raid defense service) FORTSCHRITTE DER MEDIZIN (Berlin) 193U, April 16, Vol. 52, pp. 333-35 The development of gas protective measures. Organization for mutual medical assistance in aerial protective rooms, (DSG) 3250, Die ideale stadt des luftschutzes (The ideal city for air raid defense-} DIE UMSCHAU (Frankfurt) 193U, Vol. 38, pp. 2.68-272 The effect of war on architecture. The results of heavy bombing attacks on cities0 Ideal conditions for aerial protection, (DSG) 32$1. Die jugend England in luft—schütz (England’s youth in air defense) LUFTFAHRT UND SCHULE (Berlin) 1939, November, Vol, V, No, 2, (on inside cover) Perhaps more than in any other nation has youth in England been enlisted for the aerial protective service. Regular recruiting is carried out from time to time for the forma- tion of a "Corps of Cadets for protective air-service" in which boys at the age of lU to 1Ö years are enlisted. They receive military training, are uniformed and form the so- called "plant school" for the aerial pilots. Girls, too, when 1? years of age or older, are organized into "Female volunteers", finding employment according to their individ- ual abilities, (DLC) 2 76 ORGANIZATION - GERMANY 3252, Luftschutz (Air protection) LUFTFAHRT UND SCHULE (.Berlin) I9U0, January, Vol, 9, Mo. I4, pp. h3~hk For better understanding of the reading of the text of technical works on air protection, the principal terms used are given both in the German and in English. The terminology of air defense, comprises the scientific and technical designations used in air-warfare, air-defense, air-raid-precautions, shelters and their evacuation, chemical warfare, gas-protection, decontamination, fire- protection rescue, first aid, and warning-system. (DLC) Plötzlicher angriff und die luftgefahr. Aktiver und passiver luftschütz (Sudden attack and the danger from the air. Active and passive air defense,) DEUTSCHE LUFTWACHT (LUFTWEHR) (Berlin) 1939, February, Vol. 6, Mo. 2, pp. £8-59 Active air-defense includes the means for driving away the hostile bombers,and for retarding their progress by artil- lery-fire and other obstacles. Also the removal from the cities of people who cannot find protection, and the protec- tion of those who remain in the cities. Passive air defense consists of means for the protection of women, children, old and helpless people and of the unemployed. This should be rehearsed in peace time. Ceilings and walls of cellars should be reinforced and the cellars made gas tight, Attics must be emptied and sand bags be kept in readiness. (DLC) 32 5>U« Die verkehr sunt crnclimungcn im luft schütz (The operation of traffic during an air raid) VERK EHESTECHMfK (B. rlin) 1932, August 20, Vol. .13, copv 22, pp. Ui7-li9 Measures for protc ction of the population against air- attacks ; concept of civilian defense; proposed arrangements for traffic; formation of automobile clubs for work in aerial defense; research studies in’ orderly movement of traffic; plans for organization of safety measures and first aid crews. (DPR) 277 ORGANIZATION - GREAT BRITAIN 3255* Advice on A. R. P. TILES EDUCATIONAL”SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, September 9, No. 1270, p. U General instructions and information on the defense of the individual citizen, (DLC) 3230. Air challenge and the locusts Bayley, Hugh Wansey 1939, London, John Lane. pp. 2l;0 "Opinions oi. selected National leaders as expressed in Par- liament" shafted and arranged,..so as to be conveniently recorded under the main divisions of air defense work. "ARP .ls treated, in chapter IX, Home Front". Transport and communications, evacuations, shelters, fire, gas, food, personnel, medical service, social services are some of tiie phases covered. 3257. Air defense and the ' civil population, Hyde, Hart ford Montgomery .And-Nuttal, G, R, F, 1 London, Cressett Press, pp. 236, illus., diagrs., bibl. "Trey (The authors) have collected much information on air raids in the Great War which is of value in a study of the problem. They enumerate the kinds of bombs likely to be used and describe in detail the various forms of protection to be employed, collective, individual,and structural, by which the risk of damage may be lessened. Chapter headings: aur power, the strategy of bombardment-, gas, collective protection, individual protection structural precautions, continental precautions and methods of organization, organ- ization of air raids services, training and instruction, defense and town planning." (DLC) 3256. Air raid defense NATLW (Lcridon} 1939. July, September, Vol, No, 3638, p,. 135 The nature of the air threat is critically examined in the June number of "Air Raid Defense1', including increased numbers of aircraft, cost involved, method of attack, the functions of the incendiary bomb and the gas bomb, and the hugh explosive bomb, which is the main weapon of attack, (DLC) ORGANIZATION - GREAT BRITAIN 3259. Air raid general precautions in rural areas Circular.10, 7032I6/I Great Britain. Air Raid Precautions Dept. 1939, January 26, London, H. M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller nlaza, New York, N. Y. 5f) 3260. The a.ir raid (general schemes) regulations .dated March 10, 1938, (251) Great Britain»Statutory Rules and Orders 1938, March 10, London, H, M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y. Id) 3261. Air-raid precautions In loyal ustitute of British Architects. Journal, (London) 1938, Hay 9, Vol, 45, 3rd series, p. 634 An article announcing the proposed plan for participation in ARP.. Structural information to be given by the Royal Institute of British Architects. (DLC) 3262. Air-raid precautions THE LANCET (London' 1938, June 11, Vol. CCXXXIV, No. 5989, p. 1362 A great proportion of men and women had been trained or were in training in air-raid precaution'when it was voted to es- tablish air-raid precaution services in London. "As to the more general precautions against air-raid the Government would shortly .issue directions which would he extremely use- ful to the hospitals throughout the country." Instructors aimed to improve first-aid training, and set up a national standard for those responsible for first-aid posts. (DLC) 3263. Air* raid precautions circular 700216/14 Great Britain. Air Raids- Precautions Dept. 1935, duly 9,- London, K. M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, $0 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y. 2d. 5*) ORGANIZATION - GREAT BRITAIN 3264,, Air raid precautions (Circular 3026) Great Britain Scottish Office 1935* July 9, London H. M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y. 2d. $$)■ ' 3265. Air raid precautions. Compulsory acquisition of land. Compul- sory purchase regulations, dated March 10, 1939. (Provisional rules and orders' j Great Britain. Statutory Rules and Orders... 1939, London, H. M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library, of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y. 2d. 5i) 3266. Air r:-.id nreesutions. Compulsory acquisition of land/. Compul- sory purchase re aul at ions' (Scot I arm, dated July o., 1939 .~T?47/S. 65) Great Britain, Statutory Rules, and Orders 1939* London, H. M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, M. Y. Id. 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y. 6d. 150) 3273* Are the ARP schemes adequate LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE (London) 1938, May, Vol, IB, No. 5, p. 15U Items stressed: (1) eliminating panic by removing half the fear and cause of panic; (2) driving Britain to war, .• . fear stimulated by ARP. scheme; (3) the .conscientious- ob- ‘ ;lector, the new civilian target must not lose its morale; (10 principles no protection, be prepared should be the aim of every one, principles no good, for air attack; (5) risk of victimisatior; (6) officer should instruct the in- habitants on precautionary measures; (7) men fail to enroll voluntarily for fear ART is a form of conscription. (DLC) 281 ORGANIZATION - GREAT BRITIAN 327U- Aspects of A. R. P. - getting ready Foster, Thomas THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1938, October, Vol. CXXIII, No. 3192, p.1126 "The general opinion that war was imminent, our actions expressed the fact that the Nation’s passive defense was in a serious condition of unpreparedness. Feverish day and night work by local and National Authorities, City clerks bringing home shovels and picks, midnight confab- ulation between neighbors, all meant that for the Nation air raid precaution has assumed a new importance." (DLC) 3279. A, R. P. JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1939, February L, Vol. 103, No, 9, p. 82 Enrollment of ARP Volunteers, Course of instruction in first aid. Organization of air raid general precautions and circular received since going to press last week. A paragraph dealing with distribution of duties to depart- mental officers is quoted: "The measure’of air raid pre- cautions prescribed by the regulations affects all the main departments of a local authority, and the operation of the scheme in war would require the co-operation of all these departments." (DLC) 3276. A. R. P. JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) I93.9, February 29, Vol. 103, No. 8, p, 139 The Air Paid Precautions circular regarding the organi- zation of the Air Raid Warden’s Service mentions, that it will not be practicable to the original plan of having telephones at hand in every section of 900 inhabitants. The circular on this subject gives detailed instructions, and the memorandum will be helpful to local authorities. (DLC) 3277. A. R. P0 JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1939. April 1, Vol,.103, No. 13, p. 221 The Government has decided to adopt a new departmental policy. This policy is based on decentralization and 282 ORGANIZATION - GREAT BRITAIN is to be brought about by allocating to the Ministries of Transport, Health and Labour appropriate functions which have been previously under the control of the Home Office, (DLC) 3278. A. R. P. THE SCIENTIFIC WRKER (London) 191+-0, October, Vol, 12, No. 10, p. 79 General account of the improvement in ARP as a result of the construction of the Anderson shelter houses, establish- ment of first aid stations and store houses, and the in- stallation of air raid warnings in factories, (DLC) 3279. A, R, P, communication NATURE (London) 191+1, January 13, Vol, 11+7, No, 3716, p. 92 A detailed explanation of an ARP communicating system to be used in an emergency. Such a sjrstem promotes a feeling of security on the part of the persons concerned. (DLC) 328°. A. R. P. The inf ormal meeting on December lU In Royal Institute of British Architects. Journal* (London) 1939, January 9, Vol, 1+6, No. 9, p. 233 At this meeting of the R, I. B. A, much elaboration was given to protective measures. Three speakers discoursed at length concerning various means to promote air raid protection by the proper' designing and construction of shelters, trenches, camps, and even towns. Points were discussed pro and con and an outline was given of work done by their committee in regard to structural ARP, At the close of the meeting a large majority voted for the exclusion of the press from such meetings. Many felt that free discussion would be hampered if remarks were given out to the world at large. (DLC) 3281, Builders and war THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London)' 1939, May 19, Vol. 121+2, No. 3222, p. 1391+ The ARP with its varied activities has become the strong arm in Na.ticnal defense. Squads organized for rescue and demo- lition work are quickly trained and are vitally needed. (DLC) 283 ORGANIZATION - GREAT HITTAIN 3282. Casualty and health problems of air raids PUIIC HEALTH' (London}- IRhO, October, Vol, 5>ii? No. 1, pp. 3-h First aid posts, cleansing of personnel and clothing, rooms, re-housing and feeding and sanitary inspection. (DSG) 3283A cat he chism of air raid precautions Hammer, Norman 1939, London, 2 vols.pp. 220 ARP precautions and first aid services. Gas attacks. (DLC) 328U. The chosen instrument Macmillan, Norman 1938, London, John Lane, the Bodley Head. p!p. 168 Effects of recent developments in aeroplane performance upon the strategical and political situation of the seven leading air powers; Germany, France, Italy, Russia, U. S. A., and Great Britain* In Chapter Ip, "Safety lies in Empire air defense" the author considers the effect of the geographical dispersal of the empire on defense from air attack; the chances of successful air attack, the con- sequences to the Empire of defeat of the United .Kingdom by air action. (DLC) . 3265>* Civil defenders THE ECONOMIST (London) I9I4.O, November 16, Vol, CXXXIX, No. 3073? P* 608 ARP services - frowned upon in the beginning - have more than proved their worth. Many of the services appear to be under staffed, rather than overstaffed and better co-ordi- nation is desired not only among districts, but also among the various services. The trend should now be less first aid, stretcher bearers, and ambulance drivers, but more rescue workers, firemen, and welfare workers for the bomb- ed and homeless. (DLC)' 32.86. Civil defense THE LANCET (London) I9UI, June 21, Vol. 1, No XXV, pp.803-806 Short article on the coordination of civil defense efforts. (DLC) ORGANIZATION-— GREAT BRITAIN 328?. Civil defense analyzed LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE (London) 1939, May, Vol, XIX, No. p. lib The Bulletins of the Air Raid Defense League will be of greater interest to officers. The second bulletin provides an objective analysis of the problem of civil defense seen as a whole. The Bulletin suggests that two main types of attack are to be expected: (1) mass rading and (2) continuous raiding. Three main methods of defense adopted: evacuation, shelter and ARP service. Under the ARP Bureaucracy eleven of the Regional Commissioners under the Civil Defense Scheme are appointed. (DLC) 3288. Civil defense manual, for peace and war emergencies Mayer-Daxlander, H. 19U0, New York, Savoy Book Publishers, Inc., pp. 1+5, illus,. Treats: (l) the organization and training of ARP personnel; (2) the construction, equipment and management of air raid shelters for homes, factories and institutions; (3) air raid behavior rules as tested in the new war. (DLC) 3289« Civil defense« (References to Official Arbiters) (Scotland) Rules, dated March 15, Ipl-iöT"(312/S> If) Great Britain. Statutory'Rules and Orders I9I4O, London, H. M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 5>0 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y.) 3290. Civil Defense (References to Official Arbiters) (Scotland) Rules dated March 15, 19l+0~T313/S. Ip) Great Britain. Statutory Rules and orders. 19U0, London, H. M. Stationery Office. (Available at British Library of Information, 5>0 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y.) 3291. The cleaning service and ARP; decontamination, training and transport THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, June 23, Vol. 1+3, No. 21+21, p. 11+19 Summary of the proceedings of the institute of Public 285 ORGANIZATION - GREAT BRITAIN Cleansing. Discussion topic? "ARP from a Public Cleansing Officer1s Standpoint." (DEC) 3292, Comfort of shelterers TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 19Ul, January l8, No. 31st year, p, 23 Acting on the suggestion of the Ministry of Health that regional and local authorities receive assistance on shelter matters,■the following duties were specified: the Ministry of Health's responsibility for all matters O-t healtn and- comiort ol shelterers; also for provisions of necessary canteen accommodations; the Ministry of Food, responsibility for the provision and distribution ol lood; the Ministry of Home Security, responsibility for the number, location, and construction of shelters* (DLC) 3293» Compulsory?ARP service • NEWS CHRONICLE (London) 19Ul, January 1, No. 29,533, p. 1 A statement by Mr. Herbert Morrison, Minister of Home Security, that the British Government had approved the principle of compulsion for’Fire Parties.. This • provides duties for every one. (DLC) 329U. A conference- on ARP THE LANCET (London) 19U1, February 22, Vol. CCXL, No. 6130, pp.259-256 Outline of the organization for shelters, the homeless and the wounded, (DLC) 3295» Defects in.ARP administration LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE (London) 1939, March, Vol. 19, No. 3, p. 77 ■ A crisis has arisen that has caused a revision in the Government's plans. Errors were made in the administrative approach to ARP, Consideration is given to the adminis- tration of counties, -boroughs and districts,. (DLC) 286 ORGANIZATION - GREAT BRITT. GREAT BRITIAN 3296. Essential commodities reserve act, 1937 Great Britian, Parliament 1937, London, H. M. Stationery Office, (Available at British Library of Information, 5>0 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y.) 3297. Essential commodities reserves (declaration) order, dated August 30, I93B, (IIIOT ~ Great Britian. Statutory Rules and Orders, 1938. London, H, M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y.) 3298. Fire bomb fiehters queue to fall in NEWS CHRONICLE (London!" 19U1, January 2, No, 29,53L, p. 5 Experience in Britain has shown that all citizens are willing and anxious to do their part in Home Defense, when a plan is worked out by the authorities and put into operation. (DLC) 3299. General (model) schemes Great "Britian, (Air Raid Precautions Department Circular 701262/3 ) 1933. March 23, London, H. M. Stationery Office, (Available at British Library of Information, 5>0. Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N, Y.) 3300 General precautions (model) scheme. (Misc.) . Great Britian. Air Raid Precautions Department I9I4O. London, H. M, Stationery Office. (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N, Y, ) 3301 Glass houses and modern war Griffin, Jonathan 1938. London, Chatto and Windus, pp. 137 Chapter headings - Home front defense; The Strategic ORGANIZATION - GREAT BRITAIN minimum, Battle against bombers, Store or Starve, ARP, Location of .industry. War becoming so destructive as to be its own deterrent. Only a short war can pay. By making a successful short war clearly impossible we can make any war highly improbable. Each country that wants peace must concentrate on making itself less vulnerable to attack from the air, not by competitive counter-menaces. Great Britain is exceptionally vulnerable to air attack. Measures to disperse and protect from bombs the civilian population, and measures to protect and duplicate services now essential. Precautionary measures against gas attack already in progress, ■ Detection of incendiary bombs. Improvement of fire-fighting services.. Inadequacy of shelter program, Britain lagging behind other major powers in APP plans and organization. Home front defense the most dependable deterrent against attack from the air, (DLC) 3302, How England provides efficient care for victims of aerial attacks. HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT (Chicago) . June, Vol, £l, No. 6, pp. 17-18, 70 The APP. organization. Coordinating responsibilities and services. The main classes of patients to be cared for. Organization of first aid casualty clearing hospitals, base hospitals, the ambulance corps., (DSG) 3303. Improving APP organization in factory and office BUSINESS (London) 19hl, April, Vol. LXXI,.No. U, p. 23 Cooperation between the factories and municipalities, with the aid of expert spotters has increased the efficiency of the APP service in Britain, (DLC) 330U• Let Britain share in Londonfs battle LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE (London). IfiiO, November 11, Vol. 20, p. £39 This article is divided into eleven sub-topics: (l) Spirit 288 ORGANIZATION - GREAT BRITAIN of the ear-plug; (2) powers used; (3) speed up the shelters; (Li) deep shelters essential; (5) the mobilized nation; (6) compulsory evacuation; (?) drastic remedies essential; (8) bring up the reserves; (9) how N.A.L.G.O. can help; (10) aid for the victims; and (ll) co-ordinating war appeals. (DLC) 3309. The local government officer in war LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE (Lord on} 1939, March, Vol. 19, N0, 3, p. 73 Questions have been asked, concerning the overtime work on air raid precautions, and the positions of officers who object to-engaging in ARP services. It is difficult to defend the local government officer who objects to ARP, (DLC) 3306, Local government officers in wartime JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1939, May 27, Vol. 103, No. 21, p. 351 In issue of May 13, 1939 reference was made to the circular in relation to the position of local government employees granted leave of absence during an emergency. Since the issue of this circular the New Military Training Bill has been introduced, Many local authorities have decided to act on the suggestions contained in the circular and have agreed to safeguard their employees whose services may be required war duty, (DLC) 3307, Message form for use at report centres (ARP M,2) Great Britain, Air Raid Precautions Department 1914-0. London, H.M, Stationery Office, (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y.) 3308, Message form (printed in red) APR. M.,4 Great Britain, Air Raid Precautions Department I9I4-O, London, H,M# Stationery Office ( Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y.) ORGANIZATION - GREAT BRITAIN 3309. K A L G O’s new emergency executive LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE (London) I9I1.O, December, Vol. 22, No. 12., p, 26'6 Decisions are made by the National Executive Council concerning N.A.L.G.OS affairs during the warf Ten sub-topics are discussed; (l) cost of living bonus, (2) affiliation with the T.Ü.C., (3) financial, (h) Whitley Council for nurses, (a) evacuation scheme, (6) talks with Health inister, (?) National Arbitration order, (8) emergency executive organization, (9) relief of over- burdened staffs, (lO) age of reservation. (DIG) 3310. New ARP boadcmarters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London)’ 1939, February 22, Vol. U8, No. 2/4OI4, p. U31 The North-Western area headquarters of the Home Office of ARP department has been moved from Liverpool to Manchester. The move is due to strategic reasons aid was influenced by Manchester*s more central position in the area of administra- tion, (DLC) 3311. News from the civil defense front THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London}" 19Ul, November 1, Vol. h9, No.'21*92, p. 1388 Discusses'power of airraid wardens, comfort for rural wardens, roof projections as.incendiary bomb traps, emeployees re- placement in the ARP, and a general description of air raid shelters. (DLC) 3312. The officer and ARP. LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE (London) 1938, May, Vol. 18, Mc. R, p. li;ó , Th re is a wide divergency of views among officers on air • raid precautions. Three main conflicts stated: (l) Govern- ments flans are inadequate, (2) some believe it is necessary to prevent the greatest danger from large scale air attacks, (3) others believe that air mid precaution is a means of , . creating a mental wm and prepares for armed conflict, (DLC) 290 ORGANIZATION - GREAT BRITAIN 3313* On the floor of the House Medicus, M, P, THE LANCET (London) 1939, March U, Vol. 236, No. 6027, p. £U2 The apparent muddle in the ARP arrangements is partly due to the unwillingness of the powers to properly inform the ordinary man, whether he be hospital surgeon or air raid warden. This reluctance and the cumbrous procedure of ARP is a serious handicap to Parliament. Scientifically trained minds needed. Civilian defense starved because its importance is not understood. (DLC) 33lU. On the floor of the House THE LANCET (London! 1939, May 6, Vol. 236, No. 6036, p. 1071 A debate on the Civil Defense Bill. An amendment was made, the object of which was to clear up considerable degree of confusion which has arisen between ARP duties under the Home Office, the Ministry of Transport, and the Ministry of Health. (DLC) 3315. On the floor of the House THE LANCET (London! 1939, June 2U, Vol. 236, No. 60U3, p. 1U63 The arrangements for first aid parties to deal with casualties laid down in outline only. Compensation for injuries, or death in the case of volunteers in any ARP service; compen- sation for accidents caused by interference with pipes, cables, water, gas and electricity; organization for evacua- tion. (DLC) 3316. Organization for war emergency NATURE (London") 1939, July - September, Vol. II4.I4, No. 3639, p. 186 Preparations to meet war emergencies in other directions than defense are given in this article. The Ministry of Health, on the medical side, has issued a ”Statement relat- ing to the Emergency Hospital Organizations, First aid Posts and Ambulances” (London, H.M. Stationery Office Ud net). The British Medical Association has issued a booklet ”which should be in the hands of every householder” How to Stock 291 ORGANIZATION - GREAT BRITAIN your ARP Larder, This advises what to purchase for a weeks food supply for a family of five, approximate cost, hints for storage and use, simple recipes, (DLC) 3317* Organization for air raid general precautions Great Britain, Air Raid Precautions Department (Circular 9 70321/9) 1939, January 26, London» H, M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 90 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N,Y,) 3318, Organization of ARP services THE SECRETARY (Cambridge) 1939, August, Vcl, XXXVI, No, 8, p. 67h "The control post will be the center from which a responsible official can direct the various ARP services by telephone or messenger service. Evacuation of casualties from factory first aid centers to hospitals is the responsibility of the local authority, and details of such evacuation plans should be obtained from authority." (DLC) 3319, Organizing for civil defense POLITICS IN REVIEW"'(London) 1939, January-March, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp, 3-11 The Minister of Civil Defense discusses; (l) ARP department* (2) shelter policy, (3) regional commissioners functions, ih) evacuating and billeting., (9; organization of food supplies, (6) the citizerJs part, (7) the question of deep shelters, (DLC) 3320, Organizing for wartime refugees THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL '(London) 1939, March 3, Vol, U8, No. 2l|09, p. 179 The fundamental basis for the wartime organization of all the local ARP service is the sector and the group of sectors into which each is divided. Organization in advance would insure the minimum of delay in time of emergency, and avoid congestion and confusion, (DLC) 292 ORGANIZATION - GREAT BRITIAN 3321. Organizing the home front THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 19U0, July 19, Vol. h9, No. 2U77, p. 93U To compel farmers to increase crops; advises local author- ities to establish day nurseries for children in order that mothers may engage in war work. Details what lights may be shown on vehicles during air raids, (DLC) 3322. An outline of civil defense Air Raid Defense League. Bulletin. (London) 1939, April, No. 2 Covers object and nature of air attack, evacuation, shel- ters, industrial organization and food supply. (DLC) 3323. Peace and ARP LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE (London) 1939, January Vol. 19, No. 1, p. 19 A suggestion by the National Association of Local Govern- ment Officers consult its members regarding the calling of a world peace conference to prevent war. Vital work has been done on the matter. If more peace were talked instead of war and money spent for ARP was used for furtherance of goodwill between all nations, there would be no "next war". (DLC) 332lu Personnel and control THE SECRETARY (Cambridge) 1939, August, Vol. XXXVI, No. 8, p. 6?3 "In all undertakings employing 290 or more operatives an individual must be appointed to prepare an ARP scheme and to organize the necessary personnel, and a responsible official take executive control in times of emergency. Individuals must also be nominated to take charge of the various ARP services required in the scheme and to work under the control officer." (DLC) 3329. (Reference to Official Arbitrators) Fees Rules, dated Dec. 21, 1939. 191VL.~3^ Great Britian. Statutory Rules and Orders 1939. London, H, M. Stationery Office. (Available at British Library of Information, 90 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y,) 293 ORGANIZATION - GREAT BRITAIN 3326, (Reference to Official Arbitrators) Rules, dated Dec. 21, 1939. 19137l.30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N, Y.) 3328. Rising to the crisis THE ECONOMIST (London) . I9I4O, September lU, Vol. CXXXIX, No. £Oóii, p. 329 Air raids over London have brought out the courage and fortitude of the civilian population. There have been renewed waves of evacuation of women and children. The various civil protective services having had nothing to do for a year, were put to the test and functioned smoothly and effectively. The Auxiliary Fire Service' deserves praiseworthy consideration for the greater. risks it had to run. Hardest hit places have been the poor areas and aid to the sufferers should come from the govern- ment, (DLC) 3329. The role of the health d9p.artm.0nt in' air raid precautions organization. In the Royal Sanitary Institute, Journal. (London) T739, August, Vol, 60, No 2, pp, 66-70 The grafting on process of the ARP in the local govern- ment; inventories and.estimates of requirements for emer- gencies; the role of garages as emergency ambulance- stations; difficulties involved in training personnel for casualty service; organization of the AitP to take precedence over routine departmental work. (DLC) ORGANIZATION - GREAT BRITAIN 3330. Some problems of civil defense and social welfare in Amalgamated~”Engineer's Union. Monthly Journal. (London) T?hl, June, Vol. 6, Mo, 6, p. 1)4.8 ■ Measures relating to civil defense and social welfare were no sooner introduced into Parliament than they were enacted, "The Fire Service Act is designed to give more efficient fire fighting service in this present War emergency". Speedier mobilization of shock troops for fire fighting is a necessity and the weakness of the fire fighting system is due to the small, units of administration. The Act is designed to expand fire prevention organizations as well as fire fighting and to evolve a system which will provide a large number of officers capable of taking charge of this expanded organization, (DLC) 3331* Specified Areas Order, dated August llg, 1939 (893) Great Britain, Statutory Rules and Orders. 1939., London, H. M, Stationery Office, (Available at .British Library of Information, 5>0 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N, Y.) 3332, The Specified Areas Order, dated Jan. 29, 19gQ (209) . Great Britain. Statutory Rules and Orders I9U0. London, H. M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, gO Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y.) 3333• Strengthening Britain's arm JUSTICE CF TUE PEACE (London) 1939, April 1, Vol. 103, No..13, p. 219 ..Organization for the use of hospitals, structural adapta- tions and arrangements for the obscuration of lights, anti- gas training first aid courses and traveling demonstrations units have been provided in the course of training the civilian population in measures of self defense. (DLC) 295 ORGANIZATION - GREAT BRITAIN 3334» A warden’ s view of. civil defense LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE (London) 1940, October, Vol. .20,. No. 10, ,p. .222 An explanation of the organization scheme of civil defense. "The scheme has its local point at borough control, and there are sub-control centers covering two or more divisions. Reports of air raid sent from warden’s post to either borough control, or sub-control, from, which the services necessary to deal with the incident are directed." (DLC) ORGANIZATION - GREAT BRITAIN, LOCAL 3335* The air raid general precautions schere (Bournemouth, Poole and Christchurch) Order, dated April 6, 1939» Till) Great Britain. Statutory Rules and Orders 1939. London, F. M. Stationery Office (Available .at British Library .of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza* New York, N. Y.) The air raid precautions schemes (' Stirlingshire and C1 ackmannan- shire) Order, dated Sept. 19j_ 1938~ (111A/S.5~tT Great Britain. Statutory Rules and Orders. 1938. London,. H., M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N, Y.) 3337. The air raid general precautions scheme (Stirlingshire and Clack- mannanshire) Order, dated Sept*. 19, 1938 .~TilöO./s .63) Great Britain. Statutory Rules and Orders 1938. London, H. II. Stationery Office. (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y.) 3338. Air raid general precautions' scheme (Torquay, Paignton and Brix- ham) Order, dated December 20, 1938 (1562) Great Britain. Statutory Rules and Orders 1938. London, H. M. Stationery Office. (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y.) 296 ORGANIZATION - GREAT BRITAIN, LOCAL 3339• ARP at Clacton THE BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London) 19U9, May, Vol. 1, pp. 783-78U. (DSC) 33UO. ARP in administration , THE SECRETARY (Cambridge) . 1939, July, Vol. XXXVI, No. 9, p. 595 "The administration of the provision of the Bill which lays obligation on employees will be carried out through the factory inspectors in the case of industrial establishments, through the mines inspectors in t he case of mines and quarries, and in regard to commercial buildings through the local authorities." (DLC) 33al. ARP service news THE MUNICIPAWCURNAL (London) 1939, October 13, Vol. I|G, No, 2łi37, P# 216L Brief reports on ARP work at Woolwich, Birkenhead, Norfolk, Harrogate, Walshall, and Middlesbrough. (DLC) 33U2. Belfast ARP THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 19U0, June, Vol. CXXXVI, No. 3279, p. 812 "Southerland, Montgomery and Co. Ltd., Belfast, are to build a first aid post for the ARP Committee at Sydenham Road, at a cost of 220 pounds," (DLC) 33U3• The British defense program and local government compiled from British documents ancF'ceriodTcals Price, Don K, and Sundquist, James L. 19l|0, Chicago. Public Administration Service, pp. 5 "This pamphlet has been compiled to present in summary form an indication of the many ways in TAhich the British national defense program affected the work of municipal government there,” It covers finance, personnel, fire protection, air raid shelters, street lighting and traffic control and evacuation problems. (DLC) 297 ORGANIZATION - GREAT BRITAIN, LOCAL 33Uh. Chesterfield busses on wartime service THE TRANSPORT WORLD 191+1, January, Vol-. LXXXIX, No. 2838, pp. 9-11 , illus. In Chesterfield Mr. R. Hoggard (Corporation Transport Manager) has "converted a 20 seater bus as a mobile canteen for the Women's Voluntary Service, two 32-seater buses as ARP mobile units, and a 20-seater-,,. as a raid welfare office," The canteen unit provides food and hot drink, (DLC) 33U5. City engineers and ARP THE ARCHITECT AND BUILDING NEWS (London) 1939, March 2U, Vol. CLVII, No. 3666, p. 3U5 This brief article emphasizes the responsibility assumed by local authorities- in ARP work. (DLC) 33ij.6. Civil defense THE ECONOMIST (London) - • 19iil, May 17, Vol. CXL, No. 5099, P. 653 It was inevitable that air r aid precautions should be en- trusted to the local authorities as agents, ARP is local and intimately associated with local services, and will remain- so. (DLC) 33U7• Co-operation with police and defense forces, (Circular 701295/3) GREAT BRITAIN, MINISTRY OF HOME OFFICE AND HOLE SECURITY 1937, February 27, London, H, M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y. Id, 5^) 33u8. An exercise in A.R.P. THE LANCET (London) ■ 19h0, June 22, Vol. CGXXXVIII> No. 6095, p. 113 An exercise conducted on broad principles, but vdthout specified duties for individual ARP workers, led to con- fusion and delay, but a second exercise in which every worker had been given a clear program was precise and successful, a detailed account is given of the various activities. (DLC) ORGANIZATION - GREAT BRITAIN, LOCAL 33l49. Crisis - how officers met the emergency LOCAL"GOVERNI'tENT SERVICE - (London) 1938, • November, -Vol. 18, No. 11, p. 3U0 This is a story of the crisis during the last week in Sept., 1938. During this period gas-masks by the millions passed through the hands of lo'cal government officers and volunteer collaborators, (DLC)- ' • 3350. If invasion comes LOCAL GOVLRNMENT SERVICE (London) I9I4.I, February, Vol, 21, No. 2, p. 26 London realizes that she may be attacked by land, sea, and air any minute by the Germans, and that bombing and incen- diary raids may last for days. Officials must .prepare them- selves to meet these dangers. (DLC) 3351. Latest news of the A. R. P. service THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL ’(London) ‘ 1939, March 10, Vol. i*8, 'No. 2)|06, p. 537 ARP-matters occupied the attention of the Ales be ch Town Council. First, decision to ask the Ministry of Health for permission to prepare its own ARP scheme. Secondly, decision to inform the Ministry of certain facts which they consider- ed made Wesbech unsuitable for the purpose of evacuation. Such as Wesbech being only 10 miles distant from the-Sea. (DLC) '' " • 3352. Local government can work ARP - LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVTÖT(London) 1938j November, Vol. 18, No. 11, p. 339 The September crisis bore heavily upon the nerves and energies of local officers. Their'duties and responsibili- ties were.tremendous. The officer could neglect his statutory duties to turn to ARP planning only at his peril. Local government officers think the plans can be improved (DLC)' ’ 3353. London authorities order, dated August U, 1939. TB997 GREAT BRITAIN, STATUTORY RULES AND ORDERS 1939f London, H. M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y. Id. 5$) 299 ORGANIZATION - GREAT BRITAIN, LOCAL 335h-. More A.R.P, powers wanted THE. MUNICIPAL JOURNAL "('London) 1939, February 17, Vol, ij.8, No, 2ii03, pp, 355-6 Greater administrative powers are advocated for local authorities in carrying out ARP schemes. (DLC) 3355, Mutual aid in civil defense In Institution of Municipal and County Engineer. Journal. (London) l9ll, May 27, Vol. 67, No. 13, p. 296 A scheme for mutual aid among local authorities has been orepared and will cover the operations of clearance and repair to roads, sewers and bridges damaged bv enemy action. (DLC)* 3356. A national A.R,P. force THE MANCHESTER GUARDIAN (London) 19U1, March 27, No. 29U86, p. 3 Arguments for bill to provide men for Civil defense; dangers that result when aid is given from a neighboring town; too much division between fire brigades of large cities, (DLC) 3357. Our own policy THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, September 15, Vol, 1|8, No, 2lt33, p. 2033 Plans for meeting increased responsibility which would devolve upon local authorities in the event of a national emergency. (DLC) 3358. The place of the master of works and city engineer in the scheme of air raid precautions. In Royal Sanitary Institute, Journal, (London) T938, July, Vol. 59, No, 1, pp. 76-81 Arrangements for clearance of debris and repair of streets; recruitment and training of personnel in anti-gas measures; protection for buildings against light incendiary bombs; precautions to be taken when basements are used for temporary shelters, (DLC) 300 ORGANIZATION - GREAT BRITAIN, LOCAL 3359» Power of Hampshire air-raid protection committee THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, July 12, Vol. 49, No. 2476, p. 919 Power and duties of the Hampshire County council under the defense..acts are to be undertaken on the council's behalf by the county ARP committee, (DLC) 336O.. Protection form air raids NATURE (London) ... A 1936, July - September, Vol. 142, No. 33592, p. 424 A scheme prepared by a committee of scientific workers regard- ing air raid protection was submitted to the Home Office. The borough of St, Pancras was chosen "as typical of the condi- tions to be dealt with and has been made the basis of a typi- cal scheme worked out" in detail. This borough contains three main-line railway termini, a better.class residential.district with many open spaces, and a densely packed working class ares. "Experience in-Spain and,. China shows that air raids : now are of a very different character from those of the great : war." Four types of attack may be expected, either separately or in conjunction; they are: machine guns, gas, incendiary bombs, and high explosive bombs. (DLC) 3361. The role of British cities in defense of.Britain WESTERN CITY. (Los Angeles) . 1941, May, Vol. 17, No. 5, p. 15 An address by the Rt. Hon. Malcom Macdonald before the annual conference of the Canadian Federation, of Mayors on civil de- fense and air raid precautions in the major cities of Britain. (DLC) 33^2. Setting the pace .in ARP . LOCAL GOVERNMENT. SERVICE (London) 1939> March, Vol. 19, No. 3,-p. 75 Progress of local authorities in the development of ARP measures. Finsbury’s shelter scheme cited as an example. (DLC) 301 ORGANIZATION - GREAT BRITAIN, LOCAL 3363» Sheffield’5 readiness THE. MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, September 15, Vol, 48, No. 2433, p. 2042 Division of the city into fifty-seven groups with units within each group to expedite the erection of shelters. (DLC) 3364» Slum clearance and ARP THE LANCET (London)' 1939, June 17, Vol. CCXXXVI, No. 6042, p. 1411 The Lord Privy Seal issued a circular on last April 18 to local authorities requesting them to give priority to civil defense matters over other business for the ensuing three months. (DLC) 3365. Stages in the preparation of a local authority1s air raid general precautions scheme GREAT BRITAIN, AIR RAID PRECAUTIONS DEPARTMENT 1938, July. London, H, M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y. 2d. 5A) 3366. Tonics of the week Firefighting - personnel THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1941, January 3, Vol. 49, No. 2501, p. 1 The burning of London’s Guildhall; cooperation between national and local authorities in bombed areas; the types of help needed in the bombed areas and arrangements for compensation for work- ers. (DLC) 3367. Uniformit.v in London THE liUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 10, Vol. 48, No. 2406, p. 539 Urges the Metropolitan Boroughs1 standing joint committee and London County Council take prompt measures to secure . ■' greater uniformity in London air raid precaution schemes and closer cooperation between Borough and County Council for the protection of London. (DLC) 302 ORGANIZATION - GREAT BRITAIN, LOCAL 3388, Union merger plan THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London)' 1941, May 16, Vol. 128, No. 3326, p. 562 Building industry of Glasgow to co-operate with ARP by furnishing rescue and demolition squads. (DLC) 3369. Wakefield* s ARP exercises THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, February, Vol. 48, No. 2403, p. 383 Wing-Commander E. J. Hodsoil, Inspector General of Home Office ARP, relates his experience at Wakefield inspection of full scale ARP exercises. (DLC) 3370. Wartime bathing: Wigan*s protection for bathers BATHS AND BATH ENGINEERING (London) 1940, September-October, Vol. 7, p. 72 ARP measures at a public bathing establishment include shel- ters, protection and blacking out of glass ceiling, and a decontamination station. (DLC) 3371. Wartime rating problems THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, November 8, Vol, 49, No. 2493, p. 1423 The government to aid those local authorities in certain coastal and defense areas which have been financially hard- hit by circumstances directly attributable to the war. (DLC) 3372. War work, canteens and reconstruction after the war THE ELECTRICAL AGE (London) 1941, Summer, Vol. 3, No. 23, pp. 796-797, 799, illus. (DLC) ORGANIZATION - INDIA 3373« Chronicler of Indian affairs THE INDIAN REVIEW JOURNAL (Madras) 1941, April, Vol, 42, No, 4, p. 235 A review of defense measures taken by India, 303 ORGANIZATION - INDIA 3374, India*s ARP THE TIMES TRADE AND ENGINEERING (London) 1940, August, Vol, XLVII, No, 918, p, 33 "India is modeling her air raid precautions on the system set in England; and passive air defense plans are now being put into operation," (DLC) 3375* L * or gani s at i on des services sanitaires militairoa et civils dans 1łInde anglaise (Organization of the military~and civilian health services in British India) LA PRESSE MEDICALE (Paris) 1939, Vol. 47, pp. 1377-1378 How the medical personnel and establishments are organized to serve civilians and the army, provide professors, researchers and insure a medical reserve corps, (DSG) 3376« Platform or shelter TEE STATESMAN (Calcutta)- 1940, October 3, No, 875, p« 3 India is a political failure in the war. No agreeable plat- form for the present or future* Belief that the bomber will make war impossible; blackout and shelters a destroyer of class principles, (DLC) 3377« Scheme for passive air defence THE STALESMAN :(Calcutta“)“ 1940, October 10, Ho* 876, p, 15 The main aspects of passive air defence; air defence commit- tees to outline general plan, supervise subcommittees and train personnel« Placement of technical specialist on appro- priate subcommittees«‘(DLC) ORGANIZATION - ITALY 3378« La defense anti-aerienne en Italie (Air raid defense in Italy LA PRESSE MEDIC ALE (ParisT* I . . ■ ; ■, 1935, January 9, Vol, 43, Le« 3, pp« 53-54 ; Includes the salient points of the law for organization of civilian defense (July, 1925); details of active and passive defense* Gives summaries of subsequent laws for passive defense« (DSG) ORGANIZATION - ITALY defense. Gives summaries of subsequent laws for passive defense. (DSG) 3379. La defense anti-aerienne en_ Italie (Air raid defense in Italy) LA PRESSE MEDICARE (Paris) 1935, February 23, Vol. 43, p. 315 Organization of doctors, pharmacists, chemist, architects and technicians, into sections to instruct the civilian population in passive defense through organized societies. (DSG) ORGANIZATION - PALESTINE, 3380. ARP in Tel-Aviv- new public shelters and, hospitals THE JEWISH CHRONICLE (London) 1941, May 9, No. 3761, p. 6 ' . , . Plans for the further extension of ARP in Tel-Aviv, Prepara- tions completed for new shelters to accommodate 12,000 people. Vhe equipment of two new hospitals to serve Tel-Aviv and the surrounding district also planned, (DLC) ORGANIZATION - SWEDEN 3381. La defense passive en Suede (Passive defense’ in Sweden) REVUE INTERNATIONALE DE LA CROIX ROUGE (Geneva) 1937, Vol. 19, Pt. 2, pp. 983-991 Af Preparations made by the Red Cross for civilian protection in case of war and air raids. The Law of June 11, 1937, setting up organization for anti-aerial defense, (DSG)... 1..' ORGANIZATION,- SWITZERLAND . •• ■ > * 3382. A propos de la mobilisation civile (Concerning civilian - mobilization) REVUE INTERNATIONALE DE LA CROIS ROUGE (Geneva) 1937, Vol. 19, Pt. 2, pp. 769-774 Scheme for grouping civilians in the various activities necessary in air raid defenses. (DSG) 305 ORGANIZATION - SWITZERLAND 3383. L’utilisation des secours volontaires et des hopitaux civils par le service de sante de guerre Suisse (Use of volunteer assistants and civilian hospitals by the military health service in Switzerland) REVUE INTERNATIONALE DS LA CROIX ROUGE (Geneva) 1937, Vol. 19, Pt. 2, pp. 7Ul—768 The organization in Switzerland of the military, the Red Cross, and civilian units; mobile and stationary equipments for care of the wounded and the war-sick in case of war. (DSG) ORGANIZATION - U. S. A. 338U. Air raid protection studied for nation’s seaboard cities NEWS WEEK (New York) January 27, Vol, XVII, No, U, p, 31 "Boston and Los Angeles...in Civilian Defensef New York plans "trial blackouts," Fire force "studies fire-fight- ing methods in the incendiary raid in Eritian".,, (DLC) 3385* Americans new disaster fighters THE MARINE CORPS GAZETTE (Washington, D. C.) 19hl, March, Vol. 25, No,. 1, p. 3h• The civil patrol of America which was originated about a year ago in Gloucester, Mass,, has spread throughout New England and will become the Air raid precautions workers for the defense of America. The plan was adopted after a study of the civil defense organization in London. (DLC) 3386. Bombproofing U, S, advice given plant builders; shelters for civilian studied NEWS WEEK (New York) I9I1O, October 7, Vol. 16, No, 15, p. 35, Ulus. War Department advises bombproofing U. S, defense plants. U, S, Housing Authority studies pill-box concrete shelters. (DLC) . ' ’ ; 338?. Broad civilian defense set up gears nation to arms program (LaGuardia outlines plans to give millions active roles in New Volunteer army) NEWS WEEK (New York) 19Ul, June 2, Vol. 17, No, 22, p, 30. A discussion of the civil defense program to be carried 306 ORGANIZATION - U. S. A out during the national emergency. (DLC) 3388. Civil defense SKYSCRAPER MANAGEMENT (Chicago) 1941* July, Vol, 26, No. 7* p. 32 President Sheridan of the National 'Association of Building : Owners and Managers will appoint a committee on civil defense so that the outstanding work of New York will be available to the entire industry, (DLC) 3389. Civilian defense DEFENSE (Washington, D.C.) ■1941, June 24, Vol. 2, No. 2$, p. 22 A summary of the purposes and functions of the Office of Civilian Defense as outlined by Mayor F. H. LaGuardia, 4 director, June 16, over the' red-network of the National Broadcasting Company. Emergency services include air raid 1 . < . warnings, collecting, recording and distributing information of air raid casualties, etc. (DLC) 3390. Civilian defense aids suggested THE FIFTH CORPS NEWS (Indianapolis) 1941, May 24, Vol.‘22, No. 44; p. 8 ; The Directpr of Division of State and Local Cooperation has made some suggestions for the protection of civilians from air raids. He stated that it was not necessary to build shelters at this time. He also believes that now is the time for careful analysis of the needs of the civilian popu- lation, for protection from air raids. The War Department has prepared a pamphlet "Civil Defense Protective Construc- tion", containing information-on aerial attacks and means of defense. (DLC) 3391. Civil defense of city -buildings Woodward, C. H. * THE CHIEF ENGINEER (Chicago) 1941, August, Vol. 6, No. 8, pp. 18-19, 27 The British successes and failures should be of profit and ORGANIZATION - U. S. A. help to the United States particularly in the civilian defense movement. Three aspects of the effort; (a) internal security, (b) passive defense, (c) active defense. Many factors are listed as contributing to internal security. Also a list of the important passive and active defense measures, (DLC) 3392. Civil defense of city buildings Belknap, B. H, SKYSCRAPER MANAGE»! (Chicago) 19Ul, July, Vol. 26, No, 7, pp, lh, 28 Builders in New York are now "defense conscious" and owners are organizing employers, for protection from air raids. Telephone lists of key men are kept för. prompt contact, (DLC) 3393» The civilian and defense Elliott, Harriet In American Association of University Women. Journal. (Washington, D. C.) 19U0, October, Vol. No. 1, p. 3 How the interests and obligations of citizens are linked with ■ the government's program. In the commission meetings policies are discussed, questions are analyzed and a defense policy is developed. Six functional- areas indicated: (1) ‘agricultural -resources and production, (2) civil protection, (3) health, welfare and consumer interests, (J4.) housing, works and facilities, (5) human resources and skills, (6) in- dustrial resources and production, (DLC) 339h» Civil defense organization set up for natiohal service ■ FIRE ENGINEERING (New York) “ 19Ul, June, Vol* 9h, No.'6, p. 285 The President of the United States (on May 20) established the Office of Civilian Defense to mobilize American civilians, women as well as men, for home defense efforts. Those efforts are to include the 'matintenance of national morale, the organization of volunteer fire fighting and anti-bomb squads, the training of home guards to protect bridges, waterworks, culverts and vital industries from saboteurs and spies. Mayor F. H, LaGuardia, of Mew York, was appointed director of the office, (DLC) 308 ORGANIZATION - U. S. A. 3395* Connecticut plans for emergencies FIRE ENGINEERING (New York) 1941, March, Vol. 94, No. 3, p. 142 Eight types of disasters in which health officers would be called upon, are given in a plan for defense preparedness by the Connecticut State Department of Health. "They are: (l) floods and tidal waves (2) fires, (3) winds and tornadoes, (4) explosions, (5) droughts and water supply failures, (7) earthquakes and (8) military operations." (DLC) 3396. Fire defense THE HARTFORD AGENT (Hartford) 1941, June, Vol. 32, No. 12, p. 258 Civilian fire defense workers can take an important part in the defense program by performing such, duties as "fire warden service, police auxiliaries, patrol service, fire extinguisher brigades, building fire brigades and building inspection work." In Britain fire defense workers are trained over a period of months. (DLC) 3397. Fire defense'; a 'compilation of available material on air-set fires, bombs and sabotage, civilian defense, fire fighting, and the safeguarding of industrial production for defense National Fire Protection Association. 1941. Boston, The Association, pp. 219, illus., bibl. The incendiary bomb, how it operates, how to combat it; magnesium and its alloys; handling bombs sabotage through fire; training auxiliary firemen; public water supply in in the civil defense program. (DLC) 3398. How the 48 states live up on local defense preparations THE NEWSWEEK (New York) 1941, June 2, Vol. XVII, No. 22, p. 31 Defense preparation in the various states include anti- • bomb work, testing blackouts and organizing civil air guard, and spotters.- (DLC) 309 ORGANIZATION -U. S. A. 3399* How the office of the civilian defense will -function THE AMERICAN CITY iNew Yorki 1941, June, Vol, 56, No. 6, p. 15 President Roosevelt appointed Mayor F, H, LaGuardia Director of the office of Civil Defense, on May 20, by executive order. The functions of this department of Civilian Defense will be (l) to plan measures designed to afford adequate protection of life and property in the event of emergency, (2) to sponsor and carry out civil defense programs, includ- ing the recruitment and training, of civilian auxiliaries, (3) to pass on the appropriate officials of Federal,.State and Local Government such information concerning civil de- fense measures as may.be-necessary-to meet emergency needs. ‘ (DLC) 3400, "If the bombers come to us" Mitchell, John THE LIVING AGE (New York) 1941, August, Vol. 360, No. 4499, p. 532 The article discusses the possibility of air■raids on America, The realization that we are far behind in safe ;• guards in case of attack on our cities, America’s military apparatus has been over-hauled but the question ' of civilian protection is still to be solved, in spite ,of Mayor LaGuardia's efforts and the-eager co-operation cf volunteers for service. Civilian protection, gas masks, air raid shelters and fire protection must be definitely dealt with. (DLC) 3401. Instructions to "civilians11 THE WEEKLY REVIEW (Washington, D.C.) 1940, June.27, Vol, 31, No, 14, p. 183 1 ’ To contribute his "share in defense and victory of his country" the civilian must carry out instructions efficient- ly. First he must "stay put", assist in carrying out army orders, organize defense in his own sphere, and "keep his head clear and courage intact"* (DLC) 3402, Local civil defensd boards ' THE AMERICAN CITY (New York) 1941, February, Vol. 56, No, 2, p. 5 It is proposed that.Local Civil Defense Boards be set up to 310 ORGANIZATION - U. S. A. work out detailed plans of passive air defense areas- under their control such as decontamination, medical services, clearing of debris, repairing of roads, and to estimate the number and kinds of any special equip- ment' required in an emergency. (DLC) 3li03. Local civilian defense, what it is and how to organize for it RESTERN CITY (Los Angeles! 19U1, May, Vol. XVII, No. 5, p. 17 The "Disaster Plan" is designed to meet the most extreme types of emergencies defensive preparation of the community for action. (DLC) 3U0U# Mayors propose civil defense plan THE AMERICAN CITY (New York) 19Ul, February, Vol, 56, No, 2, p, 5 Excerpts from a preliminary report on civil program for passive defense against air attacks by Paul V, fetter, Executive Director of the United States - Conference of , Mayors. "Defense against air attacks can be divided into two parts: (l) active (which comprises bombing, counter offensive and the action of fighters, anti-aircraft guns and search lights);(2) passive (the restriction of lighting protection by shelters and safeguarding important points, the evacuation of personnel from threatened areas, the treatment of casualties, the repair, and clearance of debris by enemy air attack, and anti-gas measures such as decontamination and gas proofing of dwellings)," The Board should consider all points in question. It is recommended that a Federal Defense Board be created to consist of all Federal Agencies concerned or involved in any way with the protection and welfare of the-civilian population, (DLC) 3U05. No time to waste FIRE ENGINEERING (New York) I9I4I, February, Vol, 9k9 No, 2, p, 62 The President of the United States has sounded a clarion call for preparedness, and all Americans are alert to the warning# "There is no time to waste," However fire damage is. in the 311 ORGANIZATION - U. S. A. fore-front of National defense, embracing greater vigilance and efficiency by the fire fighting forces, so that they may be equal to any task caused by fire set by saboteurs* Co- ordination of all the industries and cities for defense in case of bombing raid should be well planned, (DLC) 3U06, Preparing our home defenses POPULAR MECHANICS (Chicago) 19Ul, March, Vol, 75, No. 3, p. 392 Los Angeles, being highly important as a producer of petro- leum, air plane and auto tires, has for the past few years, been studying civilian defense and accordingly has mapped the potentially dangerous area® which surround air-craft factories and other military objectives. The construction of its buildings.in preparation.for their safety; the method of constructing both large and small air raid and subterranean shelters. Hand operated sirens to be used instead of elec- tricity for air raid signal systems# The emergency g-ouncil has adapted itself to handle the tasks that threats of war present# (DLC) 3U07. Preparing the civilian population for defense against air raids THE NATIONAL WEEK (Washington, D.CTT I9I4I, February lit, Vol. 10, No. 7, p. lU Air defense as carried out by civilians does not include the action of fighter planes, or anti-air craft guns. Instead it includes those measures of protection that can be taken on the "ground to minimize the effects■on attacks from the air: viz#, restriction of lighting shelters, anti-gas measures, evacuation and the safeguarding of important points# These are some of the problems of civilian air defense. Further studies are being made by the Conference of Mayors to estimate what civil defense woyld cost in.the event of air attack* (DLC) 3U0Ö* Trends in brief - American ARP Hoyt, Kendall K, THE ARCHITECTURAL RECORD (New York) . I9I4I, March, Vol. 89, No. ß, p. 18 • ; ■ America begins to look1into air raid precautions. Designs for 312 ORGANIZATION -U. S. A bomb shelters and all air raid protective measures will soon be sought from architects and builders. Federal Housing Agencies have not gone far into this but the subject'is being.sought by agencies in the Library of Congress. There has been a discussion of a parking proj- ect on the Mall, which will be underground and of concrete. This Will afford protection from anything but a direct hit from a large bomb. Army engineers have built shelters of various types to be tested. The Army insists on camou- flage work' in construction of CAA airports for defense. (DLC) v 1 3409. War comes to the people FORTUNE (Jersey City) 1941, August, Vol. 24, No. 2, pp. 112-115, illus. .. The, chief aim of the Office of Civilian Defense is to establish civilian participation in the defense program to the extent that the public will not be panic stricken in time of an emergency. Director LaGuardia has planned a model ARP administration set up. Graphic illustration; (1) ARP administration set up, (2) ARP service in opera- tion. The ARP system is to be manned largely by volunteers. (DLC) ORGANIZATION - U. S. S. R. /> '■>% 3410. Kak vesti massovuiu meditsinskuiu rabotu po PVO sredi nasel- eniia (How to conduct mass medical ARP work among the popula- tion) Popov, G. M, FELDSHER (Moscow) 1938., No. 3, pp. 48-53 The author stresses five essential points as follows; (l) to teach each citizen the facts about air raids and what to expect; (2) conduct of population; (3) what to do in case of fire, gas poisoning, bombs nearby; (4) how to give first aid;(5) how each citizen should teach morale to his neighbors, how he should organize ARP units in his apart- ment house or dwelling, and how to co-ordinate activities with other groups for similar purposes. (DSG) 313 ORGANIZATION - U. S. S. R. 3Ull* Kollektivnye sredstva borłby ot vozdushnogo napadeniia (Collective protection against air raids) Mukhin, VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1937, No. 10, pp. illus. Collective air raid protection includes a number of various measures such as structural precautions, construction and equipment of gas tight rooms and shelters, their ventilation, detection of gases, decontamination and medical aid. The author gives a short revi ew of the Italian and German shelter techniques, (DLC) 3Ul2• Meteorologicheskaia tekhnika postov PVO (Meteorological tech- nique of ARP units) Zalutskii, G, VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1938, No. 1, pp, U6-61, illus. The importance of studying the application of meteorological science to ARP work is stressed in this article. The range of meteorological surveys which should be undertaken by local ARP units is divided into two parts and the various instru- ments and their uses are described, (DLC) 3hl3, Nekotorye zamechaniis po obucheniiu naselenila pravilam povedniih vo vremia vozaushnoi trevogi (Comments on teaching the population how to conduct itself during air raid attacks) Osinin. VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHN01 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1936, No. 7, pp. 52-53 In a letter to the editor the author points to the short- comings of local APP units in training the population about conduct under air attacks. It is his belief that when the people are directed to clear the streets.they are not shep- herded into shelters or other safe places'but for the most part are permitted to go .into court yards, doorways, and the like, all of which, docs not solve the problem of safety. The author also points to the bureaucratic manner which the auxiliary police often use to clear the streets, which can only result in lowering the morale of the population. (DLC) ORGANIZATION - U. S. S. R. 3UlU• Nekotorye, vopTosy protivozdushnoi oborony naseleniia (Some problems of air defense of civilian population) Tramm, B. KHIMIIA I OBDRONA (Moscow) 19li0, No. k ' - 3U19-. Nuzhnye detail {Essential details) Falin, la. VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBORONY (Moscow) 1938, No. 9, pp. 28-29 According to the author the success of an ARP unit in practical preparations and leadership will largely depend on the extent of understanding and perspective the command- • er of the unit brings to the problem. To cope with this question the author suggests the following list of problems which should be studied by the unit under the direction of the leader: (1) the work of- the chemical section when the air raid signal is given, (2) duties of section leaders at the place of attack at the end of the raid, (3) duties on leaving the field of action. Under each of the above head- ings the author lists specific action. (DEC) 3Ul6* 0 plane PVO Ob'ekta (The planning of ARP for a given establishment) Strekalov, D* VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBOROMY (Moscow) 1938, No. 9, pp. 22-23 In the opinion of the author planning for ARP services for any given establishment should include the following con- siderations: (1) the characteristics of the establishment; (2) plan of ARP measures; (3) the operative plan. The' characteristics of the establishment: under this heading are considered: (a) what role the establishment plays in ful- fillment of the industrial and financial plan and its depend- ence on nearby industries, (b) leading workshops in the industry, (c) physical and human resources of the establish- ment in relation to ARP, (d) possible damage by air attack, (e) replacing of personnel. Plan of ARP measures: this in- cludes (a) organization of communications, signals,'organiza— 315 ORGANIZATION - U. S. S. R tion of sections, (b) specific tasks of each section, (c)-measures for continuation of industrial production, and training of personnel in ARP. The operative plan: this covers (a) list of names and inventory of material for ARP service, (b) separation of personnel and equipment for active duty, (c) administra- tion plan, (d) list of telephones and other communications and other aids to location, (DLC) 3417. 0 sluzhbe nabliudeniia. ee organizatsii i prakticheskom primenenii y sisterne MPVO (Observation service, its organization and practical application in ARP) - , . • Larin (and) Tkachev VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1938, No. 6, pp. 22-28, illus. The authors'discuss in detail the specific duties of the observation and communication posts of local ARP units. The forms and how they should be filled out, what items are important and instructions for each eventuality are all described. (DLC) 3418. Protivozdushnye meropriiatiia y praktike pediatrii (ARP and the practice of pediatrics) Kipnis, A. B. VRACHEBNOE DELO (Kharkov) 1940, No. 4, pp. 287-290 The author stresses the importance of organization of ARP for children because: (a) it safeguards the future genera- tion, and (b) it strengthens the morale of adults, particular- ly women. Certain '’musts" for every pediatrician are listed. They are (l) defensive measures for children's establishments should include defense against: (a) shell"fragments, (b) bullets, (c) falling rocks and walls, (d) fires, (e) .poison gases. (2) Durability of the building is considered of in- creasing importance, (3) The area in which the buildings are constructed must not be located near power stations, bridges, etc. (4) The location must also be considered in relation to air currents, sea level and proximity of green shrubbery. (5) Division of children in two groups is recommended: (a) up to 3 years of age; (b) older children, (6) The use of anti-gas ORGANIZATION - U. S. S. R. bags for infants up to 12 months and anti-gas tents for children from 1 to 3 years of age is suggested. Special apparatus for ventilation and air conditioning must be installed* (7) Shelters must be planned to correspond to the functional demands of the establishments, i.e., rooms for nearly born, isolation rooms for the sick, etc. (6) The importance of lighting under blackouts is emphasized; (a) screens and curtains must be impenetrable material; (b) 11 blue" lighting system must be installed so as not to interfere with regular lighting. (9) The author suggests that the entire staff of doctors, nurses and attendants be thoroughly trained in ARP. (DLC) 3419, Shire razvernut' massovuiu rabotu po PVKHO SREDI NASELENIIA XFor a broader circulation of ARP information among the population) Shevalgln, VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBORONY (Moscow) 1938, No. 9, pp. UU-U5 This article is in the form of a letter to the editor criticizing the trade unions and other organizations for the inefficiency in teaching ARP to their members. The author presents the following recommendations: (a) theatres, parks, cultural clubs,museums and other assembly places must be utilized to spreadthe importance of ARP; also to teach the population the various signals of ARP and what to do in case of attack; (b) the entire press must be mobilized to a greater degree of efficiency for this work; (c) movie shorts must be utilized showing ARP methods and other pertinent information for the population; (d) radio must teach the population about gas masks, gasproof first aid, fire prevention and putting out fires from in- cendiary bombs, and the way to recognize different gases; (e) public demonstrations, exhibits, marches with gas masks ■on, information booths, lectures in schools, must be or- ganized by clubs, apartment houses and trade unions, under the supervision of the proper authorties, (DEC) -1 —\ . 3420, Sluzhba vozdushnogo i nazemnogo nabliudeniia v MPVO (Air and ground observation service in ARP") Shumikhin. VESTNIK PR0TIVOVOZDUSHNCI 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1938, No. 8, pp. 38-9 The author criticises the air and ground observation 317 ORGANIZATION - U. S. S. R. services as practiced in the present (1938) setup. He feels that the setting up of too many devisions is obsolete and does not correspond to reality, A»simpli- .fied system is proposed and discussed. (DLC) 3421. Voprosy opoveshcheniia i povedeniia naseleniia po signalu V. T. (The problems of notifying, and the behavior of the population.at a given signal) Prozorov,, A. ... VESTNIK PROTIVOV0ŻDUSHMOI 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1938, No. 12, pp. 42-3 The ARP of the local authority should establish and train the population to the following signals: (l) ''Air Raid Danger" signal to notify the. population that the enemy air force has crossed the borders, and to call the local ARP , . Copnittee to assembly; (2) "Warning signal" to notify the population to stop all street mpvements, to seek shelters, and’ to prepare all ARP services for action; (3) "All Clear" signal. These signals should be different in sound and tone. The education of the population as to rules of con- duct, place of shelters, and the various signals should be conducted via radio and local JUDLC() PAINT 3422. ARP paints THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1939, August 10, Vol. 86, No. 2746, p. 120 Robert Kearsly and Co. have produced a folder listing the paint products which Have been specially prepared for ARP purposes. These include blot-out paints for windows, camouflage paints, anti-gas coatings, etc. (DLC) 3423. British chemists develop incendiary bomb proof ■•paint' SCIENCE NEWS LETTER (Washington, D. C.) 1939, January 7,. Vol. 35,. No., 1, pv 9* (DLC) 318 PAINT 3U2U. British standard ARP specifications AIRCRAFT ENGINEERING (London) 19L1, April, Vol. XIII, No. lU6, p. Ilk A description of flourescent and phosphorescent paints for ARP purposes. The effect of brightness on the eye. Illumi- nating regulations for motor vehicles, (DLC) 3ii29. Fireproof paints and liquids THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 19Ul, May 16, Vol. 128, No. 3326, p, 922. (DLC) 3h26, Luminous paints aid ARP THE INDIAN AND EASTERN ENGINEER (Calcutta) 19Ll, May, Vol. 88, No. 9, p. 9H ' Indian Scientists at Alipore Test House have developed luminous paints from Indian ores, calcium, strontium and barium sulphides. These are being used in air raid pre- cautions measures in Calcutta, (DLC) 3U27« Maintenance of buildings. Boulton,* E, H, B, ' ' THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 19i|0, May 29, Vol, 126, No. 3267, p. U22 Owing to required economy in timber, except that used in ARP construction, a good state of preservation is necessary. This can be achieved through the use of paint. (DLC) 3U28. Matt white paint ■ JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) January 27, Vol. IOU, p. U7 White painting of parts of cars to assist in indicating their presence on the road in the blackout. (DLC) 3h29. Paint for ARP . THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1939, November 9, Vol, 86, No, 2762, p, 298 Robert Kearsley and Co. have produced a valuable leaflet as a guide to paints for air raid precautions. This deals with such products as road and sign marking paints, blot out paints for windows, camouflage paints, and anti-gas coating, (DLC) PERSONNEL 3430. The air raid defense league JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London)' ■ 1939, August 12> Vol. 103, No. 32, p. 542 The latest bulletin of the Air Raid Defense League is entitled "The Warden Service", This Bulletin compares the British Warden Service with the German system of. House Wardens. It urges individual instruction of houses holders by Wardens. The public is warned in the press, by wireless, by poster and leaflets to get advice from their Wardens.■(DLC) 3431. ARP personnel precaution and equipment of personnel THE SECRETARY (Cambridge, England) 1939, August, Vol. XXXVI, No. 8, p. 676 "In the event of any emergency all personnel in factories must be reminded to bring their respirators with them and to keep them handy while'they are at work. They must provide themselves »with a small reserve of clothing in case of contamination by persistent gas. An official statement issued later by the Air Raid Precautions Depart- ment of the Home Office states in this connection that steel helmets, will be available immediately at the rate of about 100,000 a week."'(DLC) ■ * .. • , 3432. Ärztliche Untersuchung der luftschutzdienstpflichtigen (Medical) examination of persons liable for duty in air raid shelters) REICHES - GESUNDHEITSBLATT (Berlin) ’ 1938, April 27, Vol. 13, No. 17, pp. 322-324 . . ’ ' A discussion on the procedure for carrying out the examina- tion. Classification according to physical fitnessj essen- tial phases needed to be stressed. (DSG) 3433» Rest for bomb weary staffs LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE (London) 1940, November 11, Vol. 20, No. 11, p. 249 Approval of the plans for an exchange; of administration staff to help cope with air raid work has been given. Rest periods in safe areas for the overworked staff are planned. (DLC) ' 320 PERSONNEL 3U3U• The Boy Scouts’ mobilization TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, November 11, No. 1280, p, U33 Contributions of the Boy Scouts to the Civilian Defense effort. (DLC) 3U35• Britain łs womanhood as mobilized for victory in national war services THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS (London) • 19iil, April 19, Vol. 198, No. 5322, -pp. U96-U97, illus. Attention is called to the bravery displayed by women ”in the fighting services, in fire duties, ARP, Transport, Hospitals, and Land Work”, (DLC) 3U36. Calling all women LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE (London) 1938, November, Vol, 18, No, 11, p. 351 The role of women in the ARP services, (DLC) 3U37• Civil defense problems LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE (London) 1939, December, Vol, 19, No, 12, p. 3U8 Problems arising from variations in salaries of ARP workers of various grades, (DLC) Compulsory civilian service LABOUR (London)' ~ ■ 19Ul, June, Vol, 3, No, 10, p. 881; The National Service Act not only calls persons for the armed forces, but imposes a similar liability for service in Civil Defense Organizations, Conscientious objectors are liable to be called for Civil Defense, All persons called under the act ’’enter the service of the Crown”, for duration of the war. (DLC) 3U39• Control of air raid Wardens THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, February 1?, Vol. U8, No. 2l;03, p. 355 The placing of air raid Wardens under the control of chief constables is a question to be solved by local authorities, (DLC) 321 PERSONNEL 3ltU0. Duties of air raid wardens (Handbook 8 ) Great Britain, Air Raid Precautions Department I9U0, London, H.M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, $0 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N,Y, 2d,£#) 3UUl. Esche raz o rabote dvornikov v sisteme MPVO (Once again on the work of janitors in ARP) Vasilłev, I, A. VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHN01 0BÖR0NY (Moscow) 1938, No. 5, pp. U9-50 This letter .is .in answer to a letter which appeared in the "Vestnik Protivovozdushnoi Oborony", for 1938, No, 2, p. 71. While in agreement with the first writer on the general premise the present author disagrees with the suggestion that janitors be used in soecial groupings (auxiliary police). He suggests that during an air raid the most vulnerable place is an apartment dwelling -with lights on. Therefore, ,the janitor’s job is to stay at his own place and to make certain that the blackout is complete. Several other aspects of the possibilities of janitor’s assistance are discussed, (DLC) > ...1 .. ... . ' . 3UU2. First aid'post and ambulance services'; male personnel JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 19U0, September. 28, Vol. lOh, No, 6, p. *~>hl Outlines terms of Civil Defense (Employment) (No, 2) order, 19ii0, requiring male whole time personnel to continue service until no longer needed or more urgently needed elsewhere, (DLC) • 3hh3.. First aid posts; employment of relief nurses and release of . health visitors. JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) I9UI, February l£, Vol. 109, No. 7, p, 96 Additional nurses to be secured under certain circumstances, through the Civil Nursing Reserve, Health Visitors to be replaced at first aid posts by other nurses, releasing the former for their routine maternity and child-welfare work, (DLC) 322 PERSONNEL 3UUU• Grim test for the ARP THE OBSERVER (LondönJ 19U0, September 15, No, 7790, p,£ /• . Long hours for Civil Defense workers. Many workers go on duty as soon as they xeach home and return to work after the "all clear" at daybreak; dangerous fires and incendiary bombs extinguished; accommodations made for homeless families.; refreshments from mobile canteens. (DLC) Hospital staffs and ARP badges THE LANCET (London) , 1939, July 1, Vol. 237, No.óOhU, p. U9 ’’The air raid precautions badge is intended as a recognition of the obligations undertaken by persons who volunteer for local authorities and other air-raid precautions services, and persons who take special courses of training in order to enable them to carry out-normal duties under wartime conditions are not, merely by reason of their having undergone such training, eligible for the badge,”(DLC) 3UU6. Housewives air raid corps THE OB S ERVER~XL ond on*) I9I4O, July 17, No. 7780, p. 8 Hampstead1? ARP initiates housewives'air raid corps for giving assistance in their homes. Duties are to prepare first1aid.materials,and hot tea, (DLC) - > 3hhl* How women serve in Britain " McGeach, Mary Craig , NATIONAL HISTORICAL'MAGAZINE (Washington, D. C.) 19hl, June, Vol, 75>, No, 6, p, 22 Trained women are employed in Britain in the Array, Navy and Air Forces, repair shops and munition factories. Women are serving in the ARP Services as wardens, driving ambulances, working in first .aid .and report centers, (DLC) 323 PERSONNEL 3448.- Local government employees and national service JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) ' ■ 1939, May 20, Vol. 103, No. 20, p. 344 The Minister of Labour announced that the schedule of Reserved Occupations has been examined to see how far its application in peace time might be modified to give maximum assistance in the recruiting of men in the Territorial Army, Auxiliary Forces and the Civil Defense services. The list of occupations in question includes executive and clerical staff of local authorities not otherwise specifically reserved by reason of occupation. (DLC) 3449. 0 rabote dvornikov v sisteme MPVO (The work of janitors'in ARP) V. 0. VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1938, No, 2, p. 71 In a letter to the editor V. 0. summarizes the experiences of the 1937 training of local ARP units. One of the chief shortcomings, according to the writer, is that while janitors of apartment houses are by and large very effec- tive assistants of the police they are nevertheless utilized in the wrong manner. When an air raid alarm is sounded the police commander•calls all janitors of a given district to- gether and assigns them for work almost anywhere but in the janitor's own neighborhood. The writer suggests that janitors be used as auxiliary police to be used in their own neighborhoods, (DLC) 3450. Organization of air raid wardens * service (Memorandum 4) Great Britain, Air Raid Precautions Department 1940. London, H. M; Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y. 2d 5$) 3451. Organization of recreation and social activities in an ARP casualties service THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London) 1940, January 13, Vol. 63, No. 1642, p. 13 Work of senior medical students, lectures on medical subjects. PERSONNEL anti-gas work, wireless and victrolas, table tennis, cards, etc,, clubs and dances, (DSG) 31+52. Paid ARP services by councillors THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, June 9, Vol. 1+8, No. 21+19, p. 12Ó7 Comments on the position of members of local authorities who have already volunteered for full time service as Air Raid Wardens in the event of hostilities break out, (DLC) 31+53. Pamiątka nachalTniku unitarnoi komandy obłekta (A memorandum to the commanding 'officer of an air raid defense unit) Grachev, P. VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHN01 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1938, No. 11, pp. 1+2-1+5 The author believes that there are times when the commanding officer of an air raid defense unit neglects certain measures or is inconsistent in his executive work. In order to minimize such possibilities the author outlines two memoranda in which he gives in detail the duties of commanding officers, (DLC) 31+51+. Personnel of ARP first aid units THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London) 191+0, August 17, Vol. 61+, No. 7, p. 52 Arrangements for reporting for duty; considerations for efficiency to the staff and importance of the call; normal practice to be called from a predetermined rota or according to the emergency. Special purposes for fixed first aid posts. ' The question of fees for medical practitioners not attached to casualty services. (DSG) 31+55* Personnel of first aid posts and mobile units; arrangements for reporting for duty JUSTICE OF THE PEAÖFTLondon) 191+0, August 17, Vol. 10l+, p. U57 Doctors’ should not be required to report to t-heir posts until the district has been actually raided. (DLC) PERSONNEL Personnel requirements for air raid general and fire pre- cautions services, and the police service" (Memorandum No. 7* 1st edition) Great Britain, Air Raid Precautions Department 1938. London, H. M, Stationery Office, pp, 11 A brief summary of the personnel requirements of a local authority in connection with general air raid and fire precautions schemes, in three parts. Part I deals with general air raid precautions services as "Air Raid Wardens, First Aid Post Staffs, First Aid Parties, Ambulance Serv- ices, Rescue Parties, Decontamination Squads, Auxiliary Services; Part II deals with Fire Precaution Services, Fire Brigade and Auxiliary Fire Services. Part III deals with Police Services; Police Reserve and S'pecial Constabulary concerning supplementary police require- ments," (DLC) Podniat * massovuiu rabotu po PVO sredi zhenshchin (For greater work among women in behalf,of ARPj Levin VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBORONY (Moscow) 1938. No. 3, pp. 18-19 This editorial was written for "Women’s Day" which falls on March 8, It calls attention to the fact that while there are hundreds of thousands of women who are partic- ipating in -ARP work, the efforts to draw more of them in should be developed on a much broader scope, the premise being that ‘they are as capable as men. (DLC) 3U98, Rabota v ochage zarazheniia (Work of ARP in the field of action) Strekalov, D, ' VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBORONY (Moscow) 1938, No, 10, pp. 20-29 Specific duties of each section of a local ARP unit are discussed and training problems suggested: decontami- nation immediately after an attack, removal of civilian population from field of action, what to do when certain types of bombs (incendiary, explosive, etc») are dropped, when and how to leave the field of action. (DLC) 326 PERSONNEL 3659. Refugees at work' THE JEWISH CHRONICLE (London) 1961, May 2, No. 3760, p. 17 Employment of aliens, particularly refugees in ARP services, fire fighting services, ambulance corps and first aid parties. In all cases they have proved their loyalty and willingness to work in the national effort. (DLC) 3660, Repair of essential public services JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London)"“ 196.1, February 15, Vol. 105, No. 7, p. 97 Arrangements are being made whereby local authorities and utilities may call upon factory workers who have previously been listed, for emergency repair of essential public services which suffer damage as a result of heavy air attack. (DLC) 3661, Rescue and demolition service THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL I9UI, April 18, Vol. U9, No. 2516, p. 6J6 A.proposal by the ARP committee to interview personnel of the rescue and demolition service,. Appointment of a staff officer at a salary of 300 pounds a year approved by Scunthorpe .Borough Council. (DLC) 3662, Service in civil defense THE OBSERVER (Lonaon) 1961, January 12, No, 7807, p. 7 Men registrants over 30 posted to vacancies in Civil Defense Services, London’s first group of "thirty-sixes” in the Auxiliary Fire Service, First Aid Parties and Police War Reserve. (DLC) . , 3U63• Soldiers and civilians THE ECONOMIST (London) I960, November 9, Vol. 0XXXIX, No. 5072, p. 569 Since air raids have killed 16,000 civilians and wounded over 327 PERSONNEL 20,000 compared with 300 soldiers killed and TOO injured it is demanded that soldiers be moved to the danger areas in London to assist ih the work of repair, salvage and transport. The Army's reply ia that to effect such a transfer would take the soldier away from his essential duties even though there is no actual fighting going on. (DLC) 3464, This weekfs appeal THE ECONOMIST”^London) 19li0, November 9, Vol, CXXXI.X, No, p0?2, p. 5>7U The Ministry of Labour has made an appeal through the employment exchanges for the formation of local reserves of unemployed labour to help in the clearance of bombed London streets. The appeal is attacked.on the ground that it lacks difinite instructions end positive action on the part of the , authorities, (DLC) 3U63* Warden's report form,’Form of report to report centres (ARP M,l) Great Britain. Air Raid Precautions Department l9l+0, London, H. M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library .of Information, 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y. Pad. of 3>0 forms, 3d 10^; 100 Pads, 20s $3.23) 3U66. When black coat ddrtg steel helmet Ferris, D. W, * LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE (London) 19hl, February, Vol, 21, No. 2., p. 3U Local government officers serve as air raid wardens, (DLC) 3i|67. When do air raid warden’s duties begin THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, December 8, Vol. U8, No,.. 2UU5, P» 2h5"( The interpretation of powers between the ARP service and • the police seems to depend on local practice and arrange- ments, and varies according to-the extent that the two bodies cooperate. (DLC)’ 328 PERSONNEL 3Ü68, Women in war THE SPECTATOR (London) 19U1, March 28, No. 5883, p. 336 A discussion of the many things being done by the women of Britain in air raid precaution and home defense work. (DLC) PERSONNEL - TRAINING - GERMANY 3I4.69. Auswahl und ausbildung des personals für den heimatluftschütz (Choice and training of the personnel for air defense) DEUTSCHE LUFTWACHT (Luftwehr) (Berlin) 1938, April, Vol. P,- No. h, pp. 156-160 This refers to "passive” defense means, divided into two groups. One of them comprises everything referring to'the population itself. Choice and designation of shelters, their improvement and shape. Special protective measures against gas. Gas masks, their use and distribution. The other group comprises the organization of the personnel. Police, fire fighters, nurses, disinfection-experts, sanitary-service. These services to be established in.each . state in connection with proper schooling of the population. The whole is under complete supervision of the military authorities, in peace as'well as in war. It is logical that the civil personnel, familiar with the passive air defense should do the teaching, (DLC) 3U70, Personel für die dienst-zweige im passiven luft-schutz-dienst (Personnel for the service-branches in the passive air defense service) DEUTSCHE LUFTWACHT (Luftvrehr) (Berlin) 1938, April, Vol, No.' h, pp.: 158-160 ' The organization of the passive air defense service requires an enormous personnel - several hundred thousand people. The executive personnel, commissioned and non-commissioned . officers attend a special educational course. The personnel - of the police, fire-engine, sanitary and disinfecting troops are composed of volunteers, especially selected as to their 329 PERSONNEL - TRAINING - GERMANY * respective' they-are obligated to attend educational courses throughout the year. They should be exempt from direct military service and work under the direction of former commissioned and non-commissioned officers, (DLC) PERSONNEL - TRAINING - GREAT BRITAIN 3U?1. Air raid precautions training bulletin, No. 2 Great Britain, Ministry of Home Security 19U0, London, K, M, Stationery Office, p, 16 Anti-gas measures; first aid parties; disposal of unexploded bombs; incendiary bombs; care and custody of equipment; blackout regulations; storage of sandbags, (DLC) 3U?2, Anti-gas training, (Circular 3108) Great Britain, Scottish Office 1936, March London, H, M, Stationery Office, (Available at British Library of Information, £0 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y.) 3U73• ARP training for trading estate workers THE .GAS WORLD’LLondon) • - * 1939, September 2, No. 28?U, p. Il6 In compliance with the National Defense Act, factory owners can participate in a group training scheme, A seven weeks’ course in anti-gas action and fire-fighting started for employees of all factories to whom'the Act applies. Courses in first aid have been arranged in co-operation with the National Service Committee, (DLC) 3U?U• Basic.training in air-raid■precautions, (Training Manual 1) Great Britain, Air Raid Precautions Department 19U0, February. London, H, M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of•Information, £0 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y. 6d l£$) 330 PERSONNEL - TRAINING - GREAT BRITAIN 3h7£. Collective training for first aid posts (Circular 1831) Great Britain, Ministry of Health 1939. London, H. M, Stationery Office, (Available at British Library of Information, £0 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y.) 3U?6. Commercial office buildings THE SECRETARY (Cambridge, England) 1939, August, Vol. XXXVI, No. 8, p. 677 "Concerns which occupy the whole or major part of a building should ensure that at least ten,per cent of,the employees should be trained in first aid, anti-gas and anti-fire services, with a proportion capable of carrying out more than one type of service,” (DLC) 3U77. Courses of instruction in first aid (Circular 1-6 (703191/1) ) Great Britain, Air Raid Precaution Department 1939, January 26, London, H, M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 5>0 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y. 2d, , 3U?8. A letter from London Holgate, H.C.F. BANKING (New York) 19hl, June, Vol. XXXIII, No. 12, p. Ul Everyone is trained by the- bank’s own air raid wardens in simple fire, drill and stirrup-pump' practice to avoid leaving buildings unattended, - When an incendiary bomb falls, and no one is there to smother it with sand, the blaze soon gets a firm grip, there is no hope of saving the premises, (DLC) 3U?9• Lloyds of London in wartime’ ■ ' - ; THE WEEKLY’ UNDERWRITER (New York) ' 19U1,. April. 12, Vol. 1.UÜ,. No.. l£, p. .881 Lloyds of London are training "ARP workers” who will be able to give a ’’good account of themselves” in time of an emergen- cy. (DLC) 331 PERSONNEL - TRAINING - GREAT BRITAIN 3U80. London buses in the "blitz” THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 19iil, February 13, Vol. LXXXIX, No. 281+3, p. $1 "With regard to ARP training and requisites, the Cricklewood Garage (London Passenger Transport Board) was prepared even before the outbreak of the war. Air raid, shelters, 12 ambu- lance coaches and a first aid shelter are located at the depot. The personnel has been carefully trained to carry on under the German "blitz". (DLC) 3I+8I• Manual for officers responsible for A. R. P. training Great Britain, Air Raid Precautions Department 19h0f London, H, M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, SO Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N,Y. 6d iSt) 3I482, Notes on training and exercises (Memorandum 9) Great Britain, Air Raid Precautions Department 19U0,‘ London, H. M, Stationery Office (Available at British' Library of Information, SO Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N,Y, 2d, St) 3U834 Organization and collective training of personnel for first aid posts. (Circular 35T) ' ' ' ... Great Britain. Department of Health for Scotland, 1939, July 21, London, H, M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 90 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y. 2d. 5><£) 3U8U. Revised syllabuses of training (Circular 26 (7ÖTÜli57l9)) r Great Britain. Air Raid Precautions Department 1939, March 21, London, H, M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 90 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y, Id. 332 PERSONNEL - TRAINING - GREAT BRITAIN 3li8£. Special training for wardens THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1938, October 28, Vol. CXHII, No. 3193, p. 119U The writer believes it important that the general public be acquainted with the rudiments of ARP, but considers lectures unsuited to the training of wardens, who should have expert knowledge and:-experience. (DLC) 3h86, Training bulletin No. 1 Great Braitain. Air Raid Precautions Department 19U0, London, H. M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library- of Information, 5>0 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N, Y. 6d. 1^0) 3U87• Training bulletin No. 2 Great Britain, Air Raid Precautions Department I9I1O, London, H. M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 5>0, Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y. 3d. 100) 31+88, Training in A. R, P. THE SECRETARY (Cambridge, England) 1939, August, Vol. XXXVI, No, 8, p. 677 "It is suggested that arrangements for individual training in the various services should be made, with the local authorities, whp are being asked to co-operate, either by making instructors available for training the personnel of firms as instructors, or where local training in the work is impossible, for the training of the individual members of the ARP organization". (DLC) 3UÖ9- Training of air raid wardens Great Britain. Air Raid Precautions Department 1939, London, K. M. Stationery Office pp. 3-11 There are two kinds of training for Air Raid Wardens: individual and collective. Precautions against gas must be included in their training. A full course in anti-gas in- dividual training is given. Certain subjects should be taught by special instructors. There is a syllabus in- cluding individual training other than anti-gas. (DLC) 333 PERSONNEL - TRAINING - GREAT BRITAIN 3490. War Minister discloses big scale anti-invasion rehearsal NEWS CHRONICLE (London) 1941, March 7, No. 29,589, p. 6 . A practice invasion conducted by the British army, and the • details of the plan worked out to defeat it by the Civil Defense forces. (DLC) PERSONNEL - TRAINING - INDIA 3491. A. R. P. training for women ■THEISTATESMAN (Calcutta) 1940, October 24, No. B7B, p. 8 Thirteen courses of Lectures arranged by womenfs section of ARP in Calcutta; Class Attendance of 700 women including nurses from nearby hospitals. Public lectures on ARP. (DLC) PERSONNEL - TRAINING'- U. S. A 3492. Civilian defense DEFENSE (Washington, D. C.) 1941, June 17, Vol. 2, Mo. 24, p. 22 Establishment of a school at the Edgewood Arsenal, Hd., to train firemen and policemen from 40 eastern seaboard cities in methods of combatting incendiary and high explosive bombs and poison gas. (DLC) 3493* ' Firemen to train civilians for war precaution steps FIRE ENGINEERING (New York) 1941, February, Vol. 94, No. 2, p. 66 Incendiary, Explosive and War Gas Control School, a unit of the Fire College, Long Island, N. Y., has been opened in New York City to protect lives and property in case of air raid bombardment. Included in the studies are methods used by the British in combatting fires, repairing water and gas mains damaged by bombs and the repair of electric lines. (DLC) PERSONNEL - TRAINING - U. S. A. 3U9U* New York City's fire auxiliary THE AMERICAN CITY"(New York) 19U1, July, Vol, 56, No. 7, p. 15 As members of New York's emergency fire auxiliary, U0,000 civilians will soon be trained as unit of the civil defense, (DLC) PERSONNEL - TRAINING - U. S. S. R. 3h95# Kak organizovat1 uchenie po MPVO (How to organize studies in ARP) Vorob'ev VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZD USHN01 OBORONY (Moscow) 1938, No. 8, pp. 22-28 The following subjects are discussed: (l) the importance of having a specific subject of study in mind; (2) who shall participate in the study of a given subject; (3) the choice of a place of study; (U) work of imitation, i. e., similat- ing actual conditions; (5) by what means and ho?/ to imi- tate contamination and place of action; (6) how to create imitations of destruction; (?) the imitation of a dud (defective bomb); (8) imitation of bomb dropping; (9) imi- tation of casualties; (10) keeping general order during studies; (ll) mass work among population during and before studies; (12) chief director and duties; (13) instructors; (lU) summary of studies, (DLC) 3U96, Kak provesti pokaznoe uchdnie v zhilom dome (How to demonstrate a course of teaching ARP in a residential house) Tramm,, B, VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHN01 OBORONY (Moscow) 1938, No. 11, pp. U9-52 In order to be effective the training' of ARP to the civilian population must be organized thoroughly. The author suggests ■teaching the teachers. For this purpose demonstrations must be given prior to the usual ARP training of civilians in their districts. The theme chosen must be one in which all cr most of the ARP service may be demonstrated in practice. Details for organizing such a demonstration are given, (DLC) 335 PERSONNEL - TRAINING - U. S. S. R. 3a97.' Mestnaia protivozdushnaia oborona (Local ARP) VESTNIK PR0TIV0V0ZDUSHKÖI 0B0R0NT (Moscow) 1938, No. 7, pp, 33-Ul. The following is a program of study and instruction of rank and file personnel of three sections of an ARP unit. There are three main headings, each of them specific programatic (1) SPETSIAL*NAIA P0DG0T0VKA BOITSOV PROTIVO-KRIMI- CHESKOI KOMANDY (Special training of personnel of the anti- chemical section): (a) technical equipment of the section (10 hours); (b) methods and means of decontamination (8 hours); (c) methods of chemical and meteorological observation (6 hours); (d) section training under conditions of chemical warfare (6 hours); (e) vrork of the section at place of attack (12 hours); (f) leaving field of action and re-establishing ranks (U hours); (g) method of instruction, (2) SPETSIAL1 NAIA P0DG0T0VKA BOITSOV MEDIC0-SANITARNOi KOMANDY (Special training of personnel of a medico-sanitary section): (a) special equipment of section (6 hours); (b) first aid work for victims of air attack (16 hours); (c) sections train- ing for work in field of action when air raid signal is given (6 hours); (d) work of section at place of attack (12 hours); (e) completion of duties in field of action and re-establishing ranks (6 hours); (f) methods of instruction. (3) J3PETŚIAL»NAIA P0DG0T0VKA BOITSOV KOMANDY OKHRANY ■ PORIADKA (Special training of personnel for maintaining public order): (a) work of an ARP unit of a station or estab- lishment when sir raid signals are given (10 hours); (b) rules for the public when sir raid signals are given (6 hours); (c) duties of auxiliary police in relation to lighting camouflage (U hours); (d) duties of auxiliary police in regulating traffic (6'hours); (e)-duties of aux- iliary police in regulating the work of clearing up after air raid (10 hours); (f) method of instruction, (DLC) 3U9Ö • Metodika obuć hen i i a sanitarnykh komand k!P VO (Methods of training first aid ARP units) Oznobishchev, Dr, V. VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHN01 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1938, No. 10, pp. 33-36. A detailed outline of what the member of a first aid ARP unit should study in preparation for their duties. The basic essential is the mastery of the gas mask, anti-mustard gas clothing the stretcher, and the first aid- kit* Then follow 336 PERSONNEL - TRAINING - U. S. .S. R. the technique -^dxxumLiquets, the handling of the ■victim, the ability to distinguish between gases, coordination in the unit, and other techniques of first, aid-. A concrete problem and the solution is also given by the author. (DLC) 3499. Metod provedeniia komandno-shtabnoi- igry po MPVO (Practice games for ARP commanding officers) Shumikhin VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSKNOI OBORONY (Moscow) 1938, No, 5, pp. 22-28,(map) In an attempt to add to the knov.Yedge of ARP by exchanging experiences the author suggests that commanding officers of a local ARP unit conduct practice games as part of their training. As an example, the author suggests the following thesis as an objective; an air raid takes place; public utili- ties cease functioning; tactical methods applied in putting the city back in working order; recommendations that the chief commanding officer of the city's ARP services be in charge of the practice game, and that players be the command- ing personnel of the various sections. Discussion of the various problems of "attack" and "defense" of the city. Local defense strategy is stressed.”(DEC) 3500. Mado rastit1 kadry rabotnikov PVO promyshlennosti (The need to develop ARP units in industry) Kolosov, N,.. VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSFNOI'OBORONY (Mo s cow) 1938, No. 10, pp. 19-20 ;In the author's 'opinion the previous method of teaching ARP in general is not sufficient because "a little of every- thing" falls short of learning the basic methods. He suggests correspondence courses and outlines the necessary steps to be taken for such studies. (DEC) 3501. Naznachenie i boevaia podgotovka protivo-khimicheskoi komandy MPV'J (. Assignment and fighting; preparations of anti-chemical section of ARP) Rudenko, V. M. VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSKNOI OBORONY (Moscow) I93S, No. 11, pp. 38-41 The anti-chemical section of a local authority ARP should be trained to: (l) make chemical investigations; (2) decontam- 337 PERSONNEL - TRAINING - U. S. S. R inate streets, buildings, tools and materials, utensils, vehicles, etc.; (3) carry through simple meteorological surveys. (DLC) •—V ■'“x ./“'V * 3502. Ob imitatsii ochagov porazhemiia na ucheniiakh MPVO (The importance of actual air raid conditions in the training of ARP personnel) Tkachev, A. VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1938, No. 11, pp. 54-7 Greater emphasis on simulating actual conditions im>- mediately following an air attack are suggested. Particular attention must be paid to the proper imita- tion of the various types of bombs (gas, incendiary, high explosive), craters formed by bombs, obstructions by falling walls and debris, damage to water supply, "delayed action" or unexploded bombs, and their "casual- ties” . A detailed memorandum for every ARP unit command- er is outlined. (DLC) 3503. 0 podgotovke po PV0 nachal1 nikov tsekhov (Training, of ARP shop commanders) ■ Ust’fantsev, VESTNIK PRO TIV0V0 ZDUSHNOI 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1938, Mo. 6, pp. 29-30 Beginning with the premise that the most important task of an ARP section of an industrial establishment is to continue production under conditions of an air raid, the author out- lines certain measures for training the commanders of the various shop ARP units. (DLC) 3504. Voprosy metodiki boevoi podgotovki komand MPVO (Training for action methods for ARP units) Tetradza, G. VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI 0B0R0NY (Moscow) . 1938, No. 10, pp. 26-29 ” The author divides the training into three* sections; (l) general, (2) special technical, and (3) tactical train- ing. Certain requirements are listed under each head- ing, and a chart and Outline of studies are presented. (DLC) 338 PERSONNEL - TRAINING - U. S. S. R. 3909. Vospitat1 u boitsa chuvstvo smelosti, otvagi i samo-pozhertvov- aniia "“(Developing bravery, courage and self-sacrifice in ARP personnel) ’ Gezburg, I, VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHN01 0B0R0NY (Moscow) . 1938, No. 8, p. U9 The author is of the opinion that in training people for ARP-work under air attack conditions, more attention should be paid to simulating actual conditions of warfare. For instance, a real fire should be had when training to take people out of burning buildings, smoke should be one of the conditions under which the member of the unit should be trained, etc. With conditions very close to the "real thing” it is easier to instil a feeling of courage and self-sacrifice in the personnel for the time when the real test comes. (DLC) PERSONNEL, VOLUNTEER 35>06, Air-raid instruction THE LANCET'(London) 1938, May 7, Vol. CCXXXIV, No, 59ÖU, p. 1087 Arrangements are requested for air-raid volunteers taking first-aid.course without fees. Those volunteers now charged for first-aid service will receive additional instruction without charge, (DSG) 3^07. Badges for volunteers- (Circular 701982/10) Great Britain, Air Raid Precautions Department 1937, February 23, London, H, M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 90 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N,Y. Id, $$) . 35>08. Badges for volunteers (Circular 701^82/287) Great Britain, Air Raid Precautions Department 1938, December 20, London, H. M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, £0 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y. Id. 5$) PERSONNEL, VOLUNTEER 3509» Chungking’s ARP units CHINA AT WAR"tchungking, China) 1951, January, Vol, 6, No, 1, p. 53 Chungking’s volunteer organization supplements the police and "fire departments during an air attack by directing traffic, guiding people to protective dugouts and main- taining order in the, shelters. Chungking’s Air Raid Relief Board has distributed $597,670 among 65,000 air raid victims and $86,150 to 1,723 evacuees. (DLC) 3510. Enrollment of ARP volunteers under national service- campaign circular 7 (7035-21/6) Great Britain, .Air Raid Precautions Department 1939. January 23, London, H, M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N, Y.) 3511* London employers and ARP volunteers THE ENGINEER (London) 1950, August 23, Vol* CLXX, No. 55l5, p. 115 The Regional Commissioners of London are appealing to employers in business areas to arrange to release trained ARP workers among their staff to go on duty during an air raid. Volunteers in ARP work hitherto have enrolled, for service near their homes and since the majority of the working population of London does not reside there, it is extremely important that the services of such volunteers be made available in the London area. (DLC) 3512. National service-hampered THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 10, Vol. 58, No. 2506, p. 556 The Lord Privy Seal claims that the ARP department had made much progress denying reports that recruiting for National Service has been a failure, and expresses confidence that the forthcoming appeal will produce satisfactory response. Though the number of volunteers in the Air Raid Precaution Service is 1,250,000 there are deficiencies in particular localities and for particualr services, (DLC) 340 PERSONNEL, VOLUNTEER. 3513. Neighbour1s leagues JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1940, November 23, Vol. 104, P* 653. Voluntary units organized by neighbors for mutual help in time of air raids. (DLC) 3514. Razvedka MPVO goroda (Local scouting units used by the ARP) Strekalov VESTNIK PR0TIV0V0ZDUSHN0I 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1937, Nos. 11-12, pp. 51-52. A detailed analysis of tasks and two examples of recon- naissance work of an ARP unit are discussed. (DLC) 3515. Voluntary ARP work LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE (London) 1938, November, Vol. 18, No. 11, p. 348. Restriction of expenditure by Government necessitates reliance upon volunteer workers. (DLC) 3516. The war at home - the civil defense services John THE ENGLISH SPEAKING WORLD (London) 1941, March, Vol. XXIII, No. 3, p. 83, illus. The organization, training and duties of Britain's Civil Defense Army. The larger part of volunteers are women, essentially in the casualty service. (DLC) 3517. Women's clubs in reception and neutral areas JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1941, February 23, Vol. 105, No. 8, p. 113 Summary of a pamphlet issued by National Council of Social Service and circulated by the Ministry of Health dealing xvith possible social service activities for women1s clubs in reception areas. (DLC') PERSONNEL, VOLUNTEER 3518, Women's service for civil defense THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939} February 10, Vol* i|8, No. 2U02, p. 30I4. The fullest use should be made of the assistance of the Women's Voluntary Service for Civil Defense. (DLC) PORTABLE LIGHTS, See BLACKOUT - LIGHTING - PORTABLE LIGHTS POSTERS 3519. The Fine Arts Division of the Library of Congress has a large collection of posters referring to the war 191U-1918 and the immediate post war time. The War Collection, working under supervision of the War Communications Research, has posters covering the period of the Spanish Civil War; the Chinese- Japanese War (Chinese posters and photostats of posters up to 1911 incL), British, Canadian, French War Posters and American Defense Rosters. .The War Communications Research is preparing a descriptive catalog and working on an analysis of posters of the last and the present war. For information approach Dr. Harold D. Lasswell, the Chief of the Division, or Dr. Harry J. Krould, both at the Library of Congress, PRIVATE DWELLINGS, See DWELLINGS, PROTECTION OF PRIVATE SHELTERS, See SHELTERS, PRIVATE PUBLIC HEALTH, See HEALTH AND HYGIENE PUBLIC.ROADS AND FRIDGES 35>20. Diversion THE WORLD'S CARRIERS (London) 19UO, December, Vol. XXXVII, No, h3%, p. 56 Of primary importance in aerial bombardment is the matter of keeping traffic arteries open. Damage to roads must be PUBLIC ROADS AND BRIDGES repaired at once. The matter of diverting traffic over other streets or roads keeps the flow of commodities moving, but only at the expense of greater distances, longer time and added costs. (DLC) 3521. England made the'same mistake C ONCRETlfTChicago] 19hl, July, Vol. h9, No. ?, p. 7 The United States Public Roads Administration requested $808,000,000 for highway construction, to replace antiquated structures. It is hoped that the United States will not make the same mistake England did and reduce#the requested estimate to the figure presented by the President, Britain has learned that an inadequate highway system impedes defense activities, (DPR) 35>22, War damage to roads HIGHWAYS AND BRIDGES (London) s 1.9U1, April 16, Vol. VII, No. 35U, p. 11 Circulars on War Damage to Roads issued by the London Defense Region were given consideration at a,meeting of the Engineer- ing Joint Council. It was felt and resolved that a letter be sent to the Ministry of Home Security to ascertain whether similar .circulars were being sent cut to other regions, and if so,' whether financial, provisions could not be included «" to cover the entire period air raid damage suffered by the provinces. (DPR) PUBLIC UTILITIES 3523. ARP and fire protection at a power station THE MUNICIPAL" JOURNAL (London] 1939, May 5, Vol. U8, Ho. 2)4H, p. 1023, illus. The Hornsby Borough Council Electricity Department places the vital control gear of its main power station inside a specially protected "building within a building", (DLC) 343 PUBLIC UTILITIES 3524. ARP at power stations THE ELECTRICAL REVIEW (London) 1939, April 14, Vol. 124, No. 3203, p. 530 Protecting buildings against air raids is a common sense undertaking and each building has particular features that require special attention. The tactics adopted would, force attacking aircraft to fly so high over power stations that it would involve the location of anti-craft gun stations fairly high up, and the placing of sandbags over the roofs to stop incendiary bombs from burning their way through to the machinery. (DLC) 3525* .Civil and industrial ARP LABOURTIondon) 1940, September, Vol. 3, No. 1, p. 588 The national negotiating machinery of employers and work people (The National Joint Industrial Council) have formu- lated plans to maintain the essential services of gas, electricity and water in case same are disrupted as a re- sult of aerial bombardment. Gangs of qualified men are instantly available to repair broken mains, etc., and em- ployees have volunteered to stand ready to be called after their normal working hours. (DLC) 3526, Difficulties of staff .shortages THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1941, January 10, Vol. 49, No. 2502, p. 35 Discusses serious shortage of workers in the London gas area. Provincial help was sought but the demand for work- ers in the provinces was so great that none could be re- leased for the London area. (DLC) 3527. Engineers’ achievement under aerial bombardment NATURE (London) 1941, April 12, Vol. 147, No. 3728, p. 448 The successful maintenance of the electrical service regardless of aerial attacks credited to improvements made in the distributing system before the present war. Improvements: (1) pooling of industries, (2) amalgamation of competing authorities. (DLC) 344 PUBLIC UTILITIES 3528. Floating power houses may insure defense THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL WORKERS AND OPERATORS. (Washington, B. C.) 1940, Vol. XLI,- No:. 1, p-. 9 ■ Boats may be equipped as generating plants to supply power to shore points. No mere mechanical devices have as yet been devised fully to protect generating plants from bomb- ing. Power dams are especially vulnerable because bombs which do not score direct hits may be destructive enough by concussion to wipe out the structure. (DLC) 3529. The gas industry1s emergency plans THE GAS WORLD (London) 1939, September 2, Vol. Ill, No. 2874, p. 178, illus. Consideration by the gas industry on safety methods against air raids and war attacks. In vulnerable areas, companies have taken steps to protect records and documents. The basements of the Gas Industry House has been reinforced and equipped as an air raid and gas proof shelter. Personnel ■ ' shelters are of the reinforced concrete type, for the ac- commodation of fifty-men. (DLC) 3530. Gas preparedness THE NEWS WEEK (New York) 1940, October 21, Vol. 16, No. 17, p. 32 Gas companies urged by. George M. Parker of the Mississippi River Fuel Corp. to take measures for protection of their properties against air attack. (DLC) 3531. London gas servicemen repair mains blasted by bombs A.G.A.E.M. BULLETIN (New York) 1941, April, Vol. 6, p, 11t illus. Work of a heavy repair gang of the Gas District Report Center (London) .described, chiefly through pictures. (DLC) 3532. "Measures of defense against aerial attacks." ' THE' AMERICAN CITY (New York) 1941, July, Vol, 56, No. 7, p. 85 Protective measures for utilities and industrial plants. (DLC) 345 PUBLIC UTILITIES 3533* A message from the gas industry THE IRON AND COAL "TRADES REVIEW (London) 1941, January 31* Vol. 142, No, 3805, p, 167 In the second year of the,war, the gas industry has,met every emergency unflinchingly and has adjusted itself to meet the changing circumstances due to the redistribution of population. Whatever the new year may bring the industry will spare no effort to ensure that a vital service to the community is maintained, (DPR) 3534. Protection of utility services in wartime Wood, W. H., and Pulham, C. J, In American Water Works Association. Journal. (Baltimore) 1*941, August, V®1. 33, No. 8, pp, 1440-1447 The organization of ARP squads well informed with the area entrusted to them; provisions of by pass facilities; stocks, of materials for damage repair and necessary treatment where applicable; and duplication of requirements of an efficient air raid precautions organization for a public utility service. Sandbagging, protection against direct enemy activity or sabotage, provided for by the Home Guard. (DLC) 3535. Public utilities in wartime; emergency repairs to mains THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, April ?, Vol, 48, No. 2410, p. 801 Detailed description of emergency connections developed by the Victaulic Co., Ltd,, Milbanks, for use in the event mains are damaged by enemy action, (DLC) 3536. Statistical blackout GAS JOURNAL ‘(London) 1941, March 26, No. 4062, p. 544 The Minister of Information’s request that public utilities should postpone the publication of accounts and general meetings in order that, valuable information may not reach the enemy, (DLC) . . . PUBLIC UTILITIES 3937, Transmission lines, the heart of defense Ruppert, Fred In The Journal of Electrical 'Workers and Operators, (Washington, D. C.), I9UI, February, Vol. XL, No. 2, p. 72, illus. A technical article on importance of electrical power in wartime in a story form. A. Transmission system that will stand heavy bombing and many direct hits without breaking down is urgently needed. Revamping of entire country's transmission lines and a new method devis.ed is the only way it can be accomplished. (OLC) RECONSTRUCTION. See also TOWN PLANNING 3938. Air raid damage; restoration problems THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL (London) 19Ul, January 29, Vol. 89, p. 37 Replanning and rebuilding of towns damaged by air raids. (DLC) 3939. Bombed shops and temporary replacement THE BUILDER (Londöüf “ 19Ul, January. 10, Vol. l60, No. 9110, p. 29 The City Redevelopment Committee recommends that temporary buildings be erected for twelve months for trades people on sites from which they were previously bombed. (DLC) City of the future THE MOTOR’LLondon) 19i4l, March 26, Vol. LXXIX, No. 20I48, pp. 198-199, illus. Study of a plan for the reconstruction of a bombed community. (DLC) 39Ul. Rebuilding and repair THE ECONOMIST (London) 19U0, November 9, Vol. CXXXIX, No. 9072,• p. 97U Schemes for post war reconstruction should not be post- poned until after the war, but should get under way now. Property owners should not be allowed to rebuild in the RECONSTRUCTION old way or in unsuitable places. The new trend in development must take into consideration military aspects, economic efficiency, and social amenity. Population should disperse into smaller and better balanced urban units. The nation's land must be most efficiently used for the nation's in- terest, (DLC) • 351*2. Redevelopment of bombed areas THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 19l*l, February 7, Vol. 1*9, No. 2506, p. 176 A complete discussion of redevelopment of bombed areas, how much work should be done temporarily arid how much should be deferred until the war ends. (DLC) 35>U'3. Re-planning of Coventry In Royal Institute of British Architects. Journal. (London) 19l*l, March 17, Vol. 1*8, 3rd series, No", 5, p. 76, illus. A scheme for redevelopment of a destroyed industrial city. (DLC) 351*1*. The replanning of London THE ENGINEER (London)" 19U1, April 11, Vol. CLXXI, No. 1*1*1*8, p. 235 The first report of the Civil Defense and General Purposes Committee after preliminary investigations, acknowledges the difficulties of the reconstruction of London necessitat- ed by air raids. 'A tentative plan is urged for redeveloping the county of London in the preparation of which the City Corporation, Ministry of Transport, and town planning experts will cooperate. (DLC) 351*5« Town planning. War damage THE SOLICITORS« JOURNAL (London) • 19l*0, December ll*, Vol. 81*, No. 50, p. 685 The Minister-of Works and Buildings to report to cabinet on planning of reconstruction following, damage to towns by air attack. (DLC) REGULATIONS, See LAWS AND REGULATION REPORTAGE 39U6, Calamity capitals THE NEWS WEEK' (New York) 1939, September 29, Vol. lit, No. 13, p, 21 Explains how life in London, Paris and Berlin goes on in spite of the blackout. Outlines technique worked out in these cities for the conduct of civilian affairs under menace of totalitarian warfare, (DLC) 39U7, Hitler’s private rabbit warren THE LIVING AGE (New Yorki 19Ul, June, Vol. 360, No. UU97, p, 321 The details of this rabbit warren construction are known by only a few persons. Hitler’s de luxe air raid, shelter extends eighty feet below the ground and was designed by Dr. Hans Von Toft, It contains twenty-six rooms, including reception room and bed rooms for guests. (DLC) REPORTAGE - CHINA 39U8. Bombing of league-anti-epidemic unit THE LANCET (London) 1938, May li, Vol. CCXXIV, No. 9989, p. llUl • A short account of recent bombings of a League of Nations hospital by ‘Japanese aircraft. The Hankow branch of the League’s English speaking anti-epidemic unit was destroyed, (DLC) Death in the darkness TIMES "(New York) 19Ul, June 16, Vol. XXXVII, No. 2li, p. 36 Chungking is the only city on earth with sufficient dugout protection for its citizenry (U00,000), The world’s largest dugout estimated capacity (30,000) had been considered death proof but the inadequate ventilating system caused the death of about U6l Chinese in one of the longest raids in Chung- king’s three years of experience. The vegetable oil lamps went out for lack of oxygen and panic ensued. (DLC) 349 REPORTAGE - GREAT BRITAIN 3550. The air raid of December 29 THE ARGONAUT (San Francisco) * 1941, January, Vol. CXX, No. 3296, p. 5 The Luftwaffe dropped destructive incendiary bombs on London in order to break the British morale, however sudden rainstorms and air raid prevention workers spoiled the German’s plan to dump high explosives into the flames caused by the incendiary bombs. As a result of the December 29 raid the British are of the opinion that the Luftwaffe’s me- . . . teorological section is inefficient, (DLC) .‘ 3551* Air raid precautions THE SPHERE (London) 1940, November, Vol. 26, No. 5, p; 41 ■ After the German violation of the Munich Agreement and the occupation of Prague, the British Government readily saw that peace was impracticable and that the people must be prepared for war. Millions of gas masks were distributed . to urban population and thousands of Anderson shelters were built. People disregarded the precautions and many of the shelters were left to rust in back yards. The National Service Campaign was successful in so far as it warned the people of their danger and responsibilities and from it came the beginning of the Air Raid Precautions Organization, . whięli in the-.present stage of the war;" have shared the glory with the Royal Air Force in'resisting the Nazi invasion. (DLC) 3552. Awards for gallantry in civil defense PUBLIC HEALTH (London) 194-1, March, Vol. 54, No. 6, pp.’ 94-95 A discussion of the heroic work of doctors during an air raid. Presentation of the George Medal. (DSG) 3553* The battle of flames THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS (London) 1911, Nay 3, Vol. 198, No. 5324, p. 578 "The destruction by incendiaries of Thomas Wallis’ showing 350 REPORTAGE - GREAT BRITAIN the equestrian statue of Prince Albert in Holborn Circus, which was unscathed,M The big air raid occurred on the night of April 24, at which time the firemen fought the flames until the next day, (DLC) 3554. Belfast air raid THE BRITISH WEEKLY (London) 1941, May 15, Vol. CX, No. 2846, p. 57 Account of the conspicuous service rendered by the Y.M.C.A. workers and the National Y.M.C.A. mobile canteens during a heavy attack on Belfast. (DLC) 3555. Blitz in the provinces . Calder, Ritchie THE STATESMAN AND NATION (London) 1941, March 29, Vol. 21, p. 316 An account of air raid damages in the province of Clydeside and the heroic work of the people to alleviate suffering. The urgent need for better preparation through a regional welfare board. Another felt need is a shadow local govern- ment, (DLC) 3556. Bomb damage in the north transept of St. Paulłs Cathedral, hit again in a recent raid. 1 ' THE ILLUSTRATED, LONDON NEWS (London) 1941, April, Vol. 198, No, 5323, p. 543, illus. An account of the bombing of St. Paul’s Cathedral, A description of the heroic work of the fire watchers in spotting incendiary bombs on the cathedral’s roof and extinguishing them. (DLC) 3557. Bombs on tiny hamlet THE OBSERVER (London) 1940, October 27, No. 7796, 149th year, p, 7 Three bombs dropped on a block of London flats; billiard 351 REPORTAGE - GREAT BRITAIN club used as air raid shelter; rescue workers fight through sheets of flame from gas main to bring out the casualties. (DLC) 3558. Bombs were dropped on Rogers, Norman H. LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE (London) 1940, September, Vol, 20, No. 9, p. 205 Accounts of a recent air raid confirming all forecasts of the efficiency of the civil defense services in action. Fire fighting units took up positions, ambulances arranged themselves in order, first aid squads moved in formation, almost before spectators realized what had happened, (DLC) 3559. A bus driver in the blackout THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1941, January 11, Vol. LXXXIX, No. 2837, p. 5 A North Ireland bus driver recounts his experiences in a blackout. (DLC) 3560. The childrens' view TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1940, February 10, No. 1293 What children 11-14 years of age think of evacuation. (DLC) 3561. Citizens of London THE ECONOMIST (London) 1940, September 21, Vol. CXXXIX, No. 5065, p. 359 "The nation's work must go on; every available hand and machine must be put to war work, to production for the fight or to production and distribution for the fighters and their civilian aides. That done, a full measure of protection must be accorded the helpleśs, compensation to the unfortunate, succour to distressed." Work, protec- tion, compensation and succour make up a communal pattern. (DLC) 352 REPORTAGE - GREAT BRITAIN 3562. The city carries on THE OBSERVER (London) 19)4!, January 5, No. 7806, p. 3 'Workers return to their offices through streets or broken glass; new accommodations found for hundreds of firms; great damage done to records; 300 Royal Engineers and 1000 pioneers start digging out the ruins. (DLC) 3563. The civilians’ war THE ROUND TABLE~(London.) 19U0, December, No. 121, p. 132 London has suffered more continuous bombing than any other city in England - though other towns have been bombed more savagely. In the beginning siren warnings were considered only a nuisance. When the sirens sounded people ran to the shelters, all work was interrupted in the day, sleep at night, yet few enemy planes came over. And when the bombing started in earnest there was a general tendency to ignore the warnings. Gradually the warning period was cut down, roof spotting was introduced and many public services continued operation throughout the raid. (DLC) 3561i. Conference on structural air raid precautions. Inaugural meeting held at the R. I.,B. A. on Monday, June 13, 1U, 15, 193Ö, In Royal Institute of British Architects. Journal. (London) 1738, June Vol. U5, Series 3, pp. 731-782 Opening remarks by the President of the Conference, M. H. S, Goodhart Rendel. Address by the Rt. Hon. Sir Samuel Hoare, (Secretary of State for Home Affairs). Recognition of the problem confronting architects in defense. Expression of appreciation of the invaluable assistance given the government by the- R. I. B. A. in solving the problem of structural defense. (DLC) Conscientious objectors - new position THE ECONOMIST (London) 19U1, April 19, Vol. lUO, Wo. 5095, p. 520 A general description of the most recent national service 353 REPORTAGE - BREAT BRITAIN will in which conscientious objectors to performing military service must accept work on civil defense. In the adminis- tration of the new bill sufficient leniency may be shown this Troup of objectors and an attempt made to place them on projects in civilian defense where they are constitutionally stable and will not prove a nuisance to themselves. (DLC) 3566. Diary of the war (The first year) THE OBSERVER {London) 1940, September 1, No, 7788,. pp. 11, (DLC) 3567. Distressed areas THE ECONOMIST (London) 19Ü0, July 20, Vol. CXXXIX, No. 5056, p. 72 There is no general flight of people from those'coastal ■ zones menaced by enemy bombers, but there is a great loss of money which these communities are suffering. "The Government will be compelled to sustain the cost of wartime changes in the distribution of population". In the event of a threatened financial breakdown, the Government is pledged to come to the air of the local authorities. (DLC) 3568, Experiences in east end of London THE MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA (Sydney) 19)-i0, December 28, Vol. 2, pp. 69O-695. (DSG) 35>69. Extra meeting: 6 June 1939- In The Institution of Civil Engineers. 'Journal. (London) 1939, October, Vol. 12, No. 8, p. 237 A lecture delivered by Dr. Stradling on the latest de- velopments in ARP practice as effecting engineers. He covered certain highlights of protection from the effects of high explosive bombs, the effects of expanding gases, etc. (DLC) 35>70. Frightfulness in the air Spaight, J. M. THE QUARTERLY REVIEW (London) 1939, July, Vol. 273, No. 54l, p. 83 Mr. Chamberlain states in the House of Commons that air raid 354 REPORTAGE - GREAT BRITAIN bombing is contrary to international law and he declared that such a viewpoint would be acquiesced by the government and people of the United States. These people will not en- dorse such tactics for demoralizing civilians. (DLC) 3571. Hell came to London: a reportage of the blitz during 14 days Wo on, Basil 1941, London, Peter Davies, pp, 211, illus. An account of the first fourteen days of the bombing of London by Germany. Personal experiences and observations. Emphasis on morale of civilians. Recounts many acts of heroism by ARP workers and others, (DLC) 3572. Heroes all Knox, Collie 1941, London, Hodder and Stoughton, pp. 319 Chapter VII, "Civilian" praises the conduct of the London civilian under air attack. Chapter VIII describes work of the bomb disposal squads. Chapter IX: individual deeds of heroism by civilians. Chapter X: deeds of heroism by women. The remainder of the book deals with the valour of men in the army, navy and air force, (DLC) 3573. Heroism and endurance in ARP forces THE FISHERMEN - WORKERS TRIBUNE 1941, March 28, Vol, 4, No, 13, p. 2 Britainrs Air Raid Precautions Forces are making heroic efforts to reduce to a minimum the havoc wrought,by German air raids. Especially noted among other feats are the unshackling of box cars and.epgines-under the hail of bombs and bomb fragments, the snuffing out of thermite bombs with concrete snuffers on the end of poles, (DLC) 3574. Indian students in Britain TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1941, May 3, No. 1357, p. 204 Some problems of the foreign student stranded in a country at war. (DLC) 355 REPORTAGE - GREAT BRITAIN 3575, A large fire THE TIMES (London) 1940, August 28, No, 3320, p, 8 A description of a large fire caused by a screaming bomb. Streets for a quarter of a mile crowded with fire engines, and A,F,S, pumps. Men fight flames with sand, (DLC) 3576. Letter from England Panter-Downes, Mollie 1940, Boston, Little, Brown, pp. 259 A personal record of life in England from September 3, 1939,through September 8, 1940, Experiences in London, at Stratford-upon-Avon, in a- reception area village, and in a village near an important military objective are described. This book throws light upon the impact of air warfare and air defense on every phase of civilian life, (DLC) 3577, A letter from provincial England Lewis, M, A, THE CATHOLIC WO RLD (New York) 1941, June, Vol, 153, No, 915, p, 268 An account of air raids in London including precautions such as the placing of buckets of water, rakes an d stirrup pumps outside the door, the carrying of gas masks and the placing of sandbags on buildings, (DLC) 3578, Life in London tube shelter THE TRANSPORT ‘TORLD (London) 1941, February 13, Vol, LXXXIX, No, '2843, p, 65 Voluntary Red Cross Nurses in their bunk beds; bunks at Covent Garden Station; unloading food at Holland ?ark Station from the special food train; shelterers being treated for a variety of complaints; preparing-food for shelterers, (DLC) 3579, Life of tho nation THE OBSERVER (London) 1940, September 1, No, 7788, p, 10 A year’s changes from peace to war; blackout, the dominant 356 REPORTAGE - GREAT BRITAIN theme in London's childless city; rationing of various commodities; interment of enemy aliens. (DLC) 3580. Local government beats the bombs LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICETLondon) 1940, November, Vol. 20, No. 11, p. 242 A report of a street journalist on what he saw and heard during his visits to bombed areas. Report is made on the following topics: (l) help for the homeless,. (2) evacuation, (3) more wardens wanted, (4) scandal of the shelters, (5) rescuers* tireless heroism, (6) clearing of the debris, (7) speedy, repairs, (8) hospital heroines. (DLC) 3581. London and the blitzkrieg THE SIGNAL (London) 1940, November, Vol. 19, No. 11, p. 296 Remembrance is asked for those Union officials who are carrying on in areas which are being heavily raided, referring particularly to London.(DLC) 3582. A London diary . * THE NEW STATESMAN AND NATION (London) 1940, September 14, Vol. XX, No. 499, p. 253 John Langdon Davies gives suggestions on way to lessen nervous tension during an air attack. A realization of the following facts is advised: "Bombers do not circle over-head for hours, they fly in a straight line at 240 m.p.h.j" they cannot aim sidewise so they must come straight at you; if you count 60 after an explosion the aeroplane is 4 miles away. Find,something to do during an air raid. (DLC) ' 3583. London under air raids WORLD AFFAIRsTWashington, D, C.) 1941, June, Vol. 104, No. 2, p. 74 * A group of American experts reporting on the effect of air raids in England state that (l) "LondonTs water supply is 357 REPORTAGE - GREAT BRITAIN closely guarded against contamination,(2) articles valued at over 2,000,000 pounds were reclaimed from refuse and garbage in the first year of the-war, (3) as an instance of stopping the waste of materials in industry 20,000 tons of old leather was salvaged,(U) health of the people being undermined through use of shelters, (5) "blast walls" serve to protect expensive machinery, (6) dispersal of facilities tends to minimize effects of bombings. (DEC) 3£8ij. More raids on London ... The Observer (London) 19i|0, September l£, No. 7970, p.7 Thirty German raids on London in one week; German airmen test the defences on the southeast cost; incendiaries and high explosives dropped at random in residential districts, (DLC) 3£8£. Music grave and gay« Bond on roef of ARP shelter THE OBSERVER-(To ndo nj 19U0, August 18, No. 7736, p. 8 Open-air recitals by bands of the Brigade of Guards; music enjoyed by a vast audience representing a cross section of population; band uses roof of London's largest shelter as a rostrum. (DLC) 3586, Nazi raid of April 16 . THE ILLUSTRATED LONDON NEWS (London) April, Vol. 198, No. £323, pp. Shk-5h5 Examples of buildings wrecked by Nazi bombs in the raid of April 16, are:. Chelsea Royal Hospital, Department Stores, Chelsea Old Church, Guy's Hospital, St. Andrews Church and the City Temple. (DLC) 3£87. Night-blind -air-raid warden. * THE LANCET (London) . , 1939, August 19, Vol. 237, No. 60£l, p. h$h An air raid warden tells how difficult it is for him to 358 REPORTAGE - GREAT BRITAIN perform his job during a blackout and compares his night vision ’when .taking country walks and when not taking them. It was poorer after stopping the country walks. Night- blindness is associated with the lack of intake of Vitamin A which is found in cod-liver oil or halibut oil. (DLC) 3588, One bomb hit a public shelter Lyons, John Gordon LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE (London) 19Ü0, February, Vol, 21, No. 2, p. 3U A vivid picture of the conditions in a bombed public shelter. Methods of caring for the injured, shocked and dead are explained. (DLC) 3589. Out of the blackout West, John A,t jr,, comp. In National Fire Protection Association, Journal,(Boston) I9UI, April, Vol. 3hf No. U, p. 02, illus. A general idea is given of the peace-time set-up of the British fire brigade with the changes that have taken place in this set up resulting from war. An account of a professional fire officer is also related, (DLC) 3590, Physicians1 work in air raids In American Medical Association. Journal. (Chicago) 19l|l, April 26, Vol. Il6, No. 17, p. 1980 A London physician cited for bravery in performing surgical operations and general practice in a sub- terranean shelter during a raid, in which it was necessary to extricate- him from a cave-in. (DSG) Raid thank offerings THE SPECTATOR (London) 19U1, March 28, Mo. 5883, p. • A letter from George H. Wilkinson to the editor suggests the adoption of the principle and practice of a regular thank- 359 REPORTAGE - GREAT BRITAIN offering scheme* Each household to provide some suitable receptacle in which the daily offering might be placed* Also suggests simplifying the scheme to a gift of one- penny for a raid free night and two pence for a night of raids without personal damage, (DLC) 3592, Refrigerätion in wartime Morrison, C. B, REFRIGERATING ENGINEERING (New York) 1941, July, Vol, 42, No. 1, p. 22. (DLC) 3593, Inscription JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1940, September 14, Vol, 104, p, 511 Extracts from the speech of Prime Minister'Winston Churchill, in House of Commons, September 5, 1940, Includes references to compensation for damage, evacuation areas, air raid warnings, street lighting, (DLC) 3594, Sandbag throwing starts good anti-fire bomb training BUSINESS'(London) 1941, March, Vol. LXXI, Ho. 3, p. 14 As a ’'game" to aid the proficiency of incendiary bomb fighters, the ARP officials of one firm devised a contest of throwing sandbags into white circles painted on the ground. This caused keen competition between factory and and office staff, (DLC) 3595. Through the dark night; being some account of _a war correspondentłs journeys, mootings and what was said to him in France, Britain and Flanders during 1939-1940. Hodson, James Lansdalo 1941, London, Victor Gollancz, pp, 352 Part IV "War in England" covers air raids and protective measures in England, (DLC) 360 REPORTAGE - GREAT BRITAIN 3596. ’’Wages for ARP work too high” THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (tondon) 1939, October 6, Vol. 1252, No. 3242, p. 674 Problems of wages in ARP work, arising from profiteering and adding to the cost of building. Protests come from the Secretary of the Amalgamated Union of Building Trade Workers. Accusations made specially against private builders. (DLC) 3597. Windmill ARP • THE BYSTANDER (London) 1940, August 21, Vol. CXLVII, Mo. 1914, p. 236,illus. Stagehands, singers, showgirls and comedians of the Wind- mill Theatre practice ARP drill on the roof,of the theatre with the air-raid wardens. (DLC) 3598. Women and the raids THE OBSERVER (London) 1940, September 15, No. 7970, p. 2 Leaders of shelter life are those with wits or gifts to offer. Activities of women in the hospitals. Food baskets for shelter tents, special preparation for babies’ food. (DLC)’ REPORTAGE - NETHERLANDS 3599. The rape of the Netherlands Kieffens, Elco Nicholaas Van 194*9. London, Hodder and Stoughton, pp. 253 An historical account of the invasion of the Netherlands by Germany. Covers political and military phases. The bombing of Rotterdam is described and there is an air photograph of Rotterdam made on the day after the bomb- ing. The author was Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. '(DLC) 361 REPORTAGE - U. S. A, 3600, Air defense experts are worried about "blast" SCIENCE NEWS LETTER D. C.) 1939,’ September 2, Vol, 36 Defense experts are worried about blasts. It is a problem not licked by air raid shelters; science should know more about blasts; "it does not know its lethal effect is depen- dent upon the rapid fluctuation of pressure". Tests reveal that there "would be 17 casualties per ton of bombs dumped on London if all were protected by Anderson air raid shelters”* (DLC) 3601, Air raid drill THE WEEKLY UNDERWRITER (New York) 1941, June 28, Vol, 44, No. 26, p, 1507 The Board of Education of New York City watched an experi- mental evacuation of some 1,000,000 pupils of Public School No, 229 of Brooklyn, This was the "first aid raid drill” to conducted by the New York officials, (DLC) 3602, Air raids a possibility FIRE ENGINEERING (New York) 1941, February, Vol, 94, No, 2, p, 61 The writer considers air raids by Germany on the Atlantic Seaboard a possibility, but not' a probability and danger of attack by air a real danger, (DLC) 3603, Averting death from the skies POPULAR MSCEAKICSTChicagoJ , * 1941, May, Yol. 75, No. 5, pp. 648-649 America’s awakening to possible need of air raid protection. The results of practical thought on the subject by scientists, architects and engineers. Constructive ideas are given for the protection of schools and homes and factories; and an interesting revival of the scientific discovery that sand can be used as a protective agent over thin roofed subways, (DLC) 3604, "Chess game” directs air raid defense POPULAR SCIENCE (New York) 1940, December, Vol* 137, No. 6, p, 95 Like players at a giant chess board, officers at the air de- fense control center plot the moves of hostile aircraft. Through 362 REPORTAGE - U. S. A, head phones reports of unidentified planes, formations from field observation posts are received* Position, courses are marked with counters* Wielding wooden rakes, 11 supervisors" rearrange the counters to form a complete picture of the general situation* Observing the map from a platform in the rear "tellers" telephone information to air force commands, (DEC) 3605. Prophet of the blitzkrieg Glassman, Don In United States Naval Institute. Proceedings. (Annapolis) 1941, May, Vol, 67, Lo* 459, p, 683 ”Robida!s chimerical fancies of twentieth century weapons and strategy might serve as an index to a treatise on blitz warfare. He illustrated the blitzkrieg technique by describing formidable land,sea and air fleets; he portrayed mechanized armies, chemical warfare, aerial bombardments, Uq also had forebodings of chemical warfare which he pictured in its advanced stages. (DLC) 3606* War over England Charlton, Lionel Evelyn Oswald 1936. New York, Longmans, Green,pp, 287* illus. ’’This book is all about sky warfare, more particulary in its relation to the civil population on earth beneath. It is written in throe ports. Part I is of the past and deals exclusively with the air raids over England' during the Groat Jar. Po.rt II is of the present and describes what would happen today if war were again unleashed. Po.rt III is of the future o.nd attempts to set before the mind's eye the conditions of life, both in peace and war, of a people who must go armed against sudden attack from above. This picture of what may como is fanciful, but not extrava- gantly so.” Part 111, "the last war” includes, among other things, an imaginary account of on ideally functioning civil defense system. (DLC) 363 RESCUE SQUADS 3607. Building tradesmen on rescue work THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1940, November 15, Vol. CXXVII, No. 3300, p. 546 Assigning building tradesmen to rescue work because of their knowledge of construction. They have the trained ability to judge quickly and accurately the degree of safety in attempting a rescue under the most hazardous conditions. In attempting the rescue of a victim from a building demolished by bombing, the leader of a rescue squad, if a building tradesman, knows the risk involved in each effort at rescue. He can immediately determine how long a roof, a wall or staircase will stand that has been partially destroyed by bombing. He is well aware of the safety conditions and the possibilities of a success- ful rescue. The author commends these men for the re- sourceful and intelligent methods employed. (DLC) 3608. Civil defense ARP JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1939, July 22, Vol. 103, No. 29, p. 493 Memorandum fj2 entitled "Rescue Parties and Clearance of Debris" contained some new points: — The rescue party service only will be organized as an air raid precaution service, and should consist of men trained and accustomed to working together. Local authorities should review -wad organize in advance the arrangements which will be made in wartime for all demolition and repair work, and in particular, should arrange for co-ordination in wartime between the different organizations involved. (DLC) 3609. Experience of the rescue services in the London region Box, E. G. In Institution of Municipal and County Engineers. Journal, (London) 1941, April 1, Vol. 67, No. 2, p. 248 Brief discussion of experience with the rescue parties calls 364 RESCUE "SQUADS attention to lack of adequate numbers of mechanical aids to labor. Discusses the accommodations for the men, discipline, and problems of shortage in personnel. Stresses need of training, in and knowledge of rescue work* (DLC) RESEARCH 36IO. Here’s plan for executive co-operation for ARP economics BUSINESS (London] ' -, , 1939/'April, Vol. LXIX, No; 4, p. 16 The well known radio manufacturer, E. K. Cole, has pooled all information dealing-with industrial ARP. (DLC) 36II. Research ..activities' reflect war needs " CANADIAN CHEMISTRY AND PROCESS INDUSTRIES (Toronto) I94I, July, Vol. 25j No. ?, p. 403 An,account of the progress made in research activities by the. Ontario Research Foundation. The Foundation submits a report on Agriculture, Pathology, Bacteriology, Textiles, Engineering,' Metallurgy, Chemistry and Bio-chemistry. (DIO) 3612. Research for reconstruct ion , In Royal Institute of British Architects. Journal. (London) 1941, March 17, ■Vol.4S, 3rd series, No. 5, pp. 70-83 Setting up an organization' for large-scale experiments in housing in countries suffering war damage. (DLC) SABOTAGE 3613. F.Q.I. suggests renera], pi,-ns for prevention of sabotage NATIONAL PETROLEUM NEWS (Cleveland) 1940, December 16, Vol. 32, Mo. $1, p. 30 Potential threat to industrial plants due to presence of SABOTAGE 13,000 known foreign agents; a check by plant management on its properities, organization and personnel; determina- tion of most vulnerable points; disloyal employees danger to a plant; plans for an identification system for employees and visitors. (DLC) 36ll*, Floodlighting for protection against sabotage Berry, R, F, THE RUBBER AGE (New York) 19i|0, December, Vol. I48, No. 3, pp. 171-172, illus., diagrs. The use of adequate lighting suggested as a means of preventing sabotage. Some of the most vulnerable areas around a property which should receive careful study to provide satisfactory lighting are listed. (1) Space along railroad tracks amd highways; (2) narrow alleys between buildings; (3) narrow spaces between buildings and fence lines; (Li) all entrances to yards; (3) entrances to important buildings, etc. (DLC) 3615. Home defense TIME AMD TIDE (London) 19U0, May 2p, Vol. 21, No. 21, p. $h6 The new government has shown that it is alive to the dangers of Fifth Column activities. The Treachery Bill, which imposes the death penalty on persons guilty of espionage or sabotage is a defense measure as important as anti-air-craft guns and fighter planes. The rounding up of East Coast aliens and aliens in London followed by more sporadic arrests of certain selected subjects including several Germans who have acquired British nationality. (DLC) 3Ó1Ó. How saboteurs may hamper work of fire deoartments FIRE’~ENCTNEERIN3~(New‘ York) IHl;!, February, Vol. 9h9 Ho. 2, p. 6? Fire companies in time of war are known as the first line of civil defense. Firs systems have been made ineffective by saboteurs using many different methods of damaging fire apparatus and systems. (DLC) 366 SABOTAGE 3617. Incendiary fires Hill, V. J. NATIONAL SAFETY NEWS (Chicago) 19UI, July, Vol. hhf No. 1, p, 20, illus. A description of the work of the saboteur. The use of portable extinguishers and automatic protection. Method of forestalling sabotage. Demonstrations given to familiarize workers with fire fighting equipment. (DLC) 3618. Lights prevent plant sabotage NATIONAL PETROLEUM NEWSTdeveland) I9I4.O, November 20, Vol. 32, No. 1+7, p. 20 Lighting within industrial plants and grounds so arranged as to leave no "dark spots" where saboteurs could lurk, would assure protection. Also operation of refineries and other oil properties during a blackout could be accomplished through the use of sodium lights on the inside of plants furnished with blue screen windows. (DLC) 3619. Municipalities take steps to guard a gainst sabotage THE AMERICAN YorkJ. I9I4O, November, Vol. No. 11, p. 10? Various municipalities, such as Duluth, Minneapolis, Philadelphia, Chicago, New York and many others are formulating plans to guard against sabotage. The plans seem to consist of special training of police of various cities,' and the training of watchmen in industrial plants. The object is to protect all industrial plants, municipal water supply, bridges,. power plants, armories, radio stations, and other vulnerable points from sabotage. (DLC) 3620. Plan urged for Industry organizing against danger of sabotaging plants,-'..: - NATIONAL PETROLEUM NEWS (Cleveland) 19U0, May.29, Vol. 32, No. 22, p. 21 The oil men’s belief that their industry is ready,to meet any national emergency; plans for establishing a national industrial defense corps to combat "fifth column" avtivities; 3ćr SABOTAGE necessity for keeping.up production of crude oil. Improved methods for treating stack gases. (DLC) 3621. - Protective lighting to guard against sabotage FIRE ENGINEERING (New York) 19U1, July, Vol. 9U, No. 7, p. 339 Proper lighting will help in policing industrial plants and guard against night sabotage. The method of accomplishing the desired lighting will vary. Lighting equipment and electrical service facilities should be located within the property, or where it is not accessible to malicious damage. They should be adequate to detect trespassers, with an absence of glare that handicaps guards, or is a source to annoyance to streets and highway traffic, marine or railroad operations, or to occupants of neighboring buildings. Special attention should be given to railroad sidings, alleys, roofs of abutting buildings. These lights should be so distributed that the guards who patrol the property will be concealed from view of the saboteur. (DLC) 3622. Sabotage fi res, a national problem FIRE El'i-j."PEEKING (New York) 19k0, November, Vol. 93, No. 11, p. #2 Constant watchfulness should be kept in order to prevent sabotage by fires, as the opportunity is groat, and fire is the most favored-weapon of saboteurs. Munition plants, airplane factories, power plants, fuel depots, and army and navy stores being vital defense industries, are the places where the blows are first struck. (DLC) 3623. Sabotage through fire FIRE ENGINEERING XŃei York) 19U1, March, Vol. 9U, No. 3, p. 123 General sabotage in regard to fire,and threats of the saboteur will hinder defense work. The author believes- the situation today is not as acute as in the period prior to 368 SABOTAGE 1916, The saboteur no doubt would disrupt municipal fire and signal alarm systems, coupling threads could be ruined, or the hose cut, sulphuric acid placed in hose, extinguishers reloaded with inflammable fluid. Other threats of the saboteur are explosion machines, motor oil to disable bombs, crackpot designs. Manufac- turing plants are being surveyed by the F,B,I* under the direction of the President, (DLC) SANDBAGGING 3624-, Emergency hospital scheme; maintenance, preservation and re- placemcnt of sandbag defences to hospitals, JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London) 1940, March 23, Vol. 104, p. 165 Conditions under which grants will be allowed for the .preservation of sandbag revetments for hospitals, (DLC) 3625, How to lay sandbags TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, September 16, No, 1272, p. 4 Instructions for use of sandbags, (DLC) 3626. Sandbag revetments THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1940, March 29, Vol. 126, -No. 3267, p* 422 Sandbags .for reinforcing and protection have proved anything but satisfactory, and many times dangerous* A very -satisfactory solution to the problem has been the asbestos cement boxes, which have been found strong and a decided improvement. (DLC) r ....... 3b27, Sandbag revetments, Notes on the construction, maintenance and replacement of Great Britain* Air Raid Precautions Department* 1940* London, H,M* Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y,) 369 SANDBAG) ■GING 3628, Treatment of rot~proofing sandbag revetments In Royal Institute of British Architects, Journal, (London) 1939, November 20, Vol, 47, No, .1, p, 15 The types of preservatives considered as suitable for application to sandbag revetments, (DLC) SCHOOLS 5629, Air raid precautions in schools, (Circular M123) Great Britain, Scottish Education Department, 1938, January, London, H,M, Stationery Office, (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N,Y,) 3630, Air raid precautions in schools. (Circular M136) Great Britain, Scottish Education Department. 1939, April, London, H,M, Stationery Office, (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N,Y,) 3631, Air raid precautions in schools (Circular 1467) Great Britain, Board of Education, . 1939, April 27, London, H,H, Stationery Office. (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, Now York, N,Y,) 3632, Air raid precautions in schools, (Circular 70159p/l7) Great Britain, Air Raid Precautions Department, 1938, August 22, London, H,M, Stationery Office, (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, Now York, N,Y,) 3633, A KP in schools Tin; MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, May 5, Vol, 48, No, 2114, p. 984 Substance of a. circular issued by the Board of Education SCHOOLS (Circular 1467) giving instructions as to air raid precautions to be taken in schools, (DLC) 3634, ARP in Sunderland schools TIMES ‘EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1941, January 11, No, 1341, 31st year, p, 17 In accordance with the ARP code, schools in Sunderland are provided with shelter accommodations. They are equipped with seating and closet accommodation, gas proof curtains, and hurricane lamps for lighting purposes. The staff, caretakers aid parents co-operate during air raid alarms, (DLC) 3635, Back to school TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1940, February 10, No, 1293, p, 52 Re-organization of ARP in London schools. Students required to maintain average attendance, (DLC) 5636, Bauliche Luftschutzmaserahnen _in Schulen (Structural measures for air raid defense in schoolsJ LUFTFAHRT IffiD SCHULE (Berlin) 1940, October, Yol* VI, No» 1, pp. 5-9 Erection of schools, not within the heart of cities but upon extensive'open spaces where sunshine and restful existence prevail, arid the students are least exposed to the' dangers of traffic. Proper and suitable outer shape of the school building and appropriate division of the interior in accordance with technical considerations for air raid defence,. The possibility of using empty school' buildings as auxiliary barracks, hospitals, shelters for the homeless, administrative purposes, etc. Cellars with non-collapsible ceilings, broad stairways, protection against explosive and incendiary bombs to be attained through the use of iron and iron-beton (reinforced concrete); firo danger lessoned by soaking or painting the woodwork with firo resisting substances. Measures to be provided for tho darkening of the school house if lights have to be used during evening or night hours, (DLC) 371 SCHOOLS 3657, The class room in wartime TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1940, February17, No, 1294, p, 64 Teachers* views on class room behaviour of children under war conditions, (DLC) 5638* Die besonderen aufgaben des luftSchutzes fur die landschule (The special requirements of raid .defense for the country school) LUFTFAHRT UND SCHULE (Berlin) 1940, September, Vol, V, No, 12, pp, 122-123 The-Directive Lines, issued October 1939, by the' Secretary for Science and Education, comprise also the teaching of air raid defense in country schools. Experience teaches that airraid defense in the country is principally pro- tection against fire. Measures to-be taken refer to the use of all possible water sources, care of fire extinguish- ing equipment, preparations for the safeguarding of valuable agricultural implements, of stored wheat, hay .and straw. Proper dispositions regarding fuel and in- flammable substances. Safety arrangements for animals, horses, mules, cattle, sheep, pigs, goats, dogs, chickens, and bees. Preparatory measures for their safe removal, (DLC) 3639, Isle of Wight air raid shelters LAND AND LIBERTY (London) . 1940, August, No, 555, p* 109 When the question of air raid shelters was debated at a meeting of the Borough Council, Isle of Wight, much criticism was voiced because of the unwillingness of landowners to allow their land to be used for air-raid shelters for schools, (DLC) 3640* Ist Luftschutz heute noch notig (is air-raid protection today still neccssaryj” LUFTFAHRT UND SCHULE (Berlin) 1939, October, Vol, V, No* 1, pp, 9-10 Use of the schools to revive and disseminate interest in 372 SCHOOLS "Luftschutz” (Air raid protection) during peacetime. Difference in grade of danger according to location. Teaching of school children is a necessary precaution. Prizes given for the best essays describing precautionary measures. (DLC) 36UI.- Luftschutz-sofortmassnahmen im unterricht der hoeheren schulen.(Immediate measures for air raid defense in the teaching in higher schools) LUFTFHART UND SCHULE (Berlin) 19Ü0, November-December, Vol. VI, Nos, 2-2, pp. 19-20, 20-30 The point made that in the case of war it is not advisable to teach the gradual preparedness of the young people for air raid defense. An immediate readiness for it is required. An explanatory and complete course comprises: (1) general preparedness for air raid defense (air raid defense in the house and correct action at the "alarm"), (2) gas protection and (3) protection against fire. The actions to be carried out by boys and girls, from 111 years of age upward, are the subject of the respective teaching at the various' schools. (DLC) 36U2, Making shift in rural area TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, September 23, No, 1273, P. 381 Tackling the problems of a "two-shift" system for schools in reception areas. (DLC) 36I4.3 • Newport * s school shelter scheine THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) January 17, Vol. k9, p. 82 New air raid shelters to be provided to accommodate 11,000 people. Primarily for school children, they are to be opened to the public at stated times. (DLC) 373 SCHOOLS 3644, North-we st THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER. AND BUILDER (London) 1940, May 29, Vol, 126, No. 3267, p. 420 The Liverpool Education Committee*s plans for the erection of school shelters, (DLC) 3645, Provisions for air raid protection JUSTICE OP THE PEACE^London) 1939, December 2, Vol, 103, No, 48, p, 768 A local education authority for elementary education shall be deemed to have power under the Education Act, 1921, to provide air raid shelter in connection with a public elementary school maintained but not provided by them, notwithstanding that the provision of shelter involves alteration or improvementsj and if any additional land is necessary, it may be provided either by the managers or by the authority, and if provided by the authority shall not be deemed a part of the school house for the purpose of education, (DLC) 3646, School and public shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, October 25, Vol, 49, p, 1571 The Ministry of Home Security supports the view that the indiscriminate use of school air raid shelters by the general public is inadvisable, (DLC) 3647, Schools in wartime,. Canteen meals.for school children Great Britain, Board of Education 1940, London, E,M, Stationery Office; (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N,Y,) 3648* Structural procautions for schools; Board of Education announces changes of methods, THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, December 29, Vol. 48, No. 2448, p, 2543’ Because of scarcity of timber a number of methods SCHOOLS of construction hitherto adopted for air raid defense measures must be abandoned. Pre-cast concrete must be used where possible, Second-hand timber can often be used where wood is necessary. (DLC) SEWAGE DISPOSAL 36U9. The disposal of domestic refuse by water carriage In Royal Sanitary Insitute. Journal"! (London) 1-9U0, October, Vol. 61, No. 2, pp. 37-U7, illus. The Garchey system represents an elaboration of existing systems. Solid and liquid wastes carried by gravitation to underground collection chambers; proportionate amount of sewage to dry weather flow of water. (DLC) Emergency pumping of sewage THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) I9I4O, July 26, Vol. k9, No. 2U78, p. 988 The Harlan Engineering Co., Ltd., has developed mobile pumping units for use in the event that sewage pumping should be put out of commission temporarily by enemy action, (DLC) Mutual assistance in emergency sewer repair In Institution of Municipal and County Engineers. Journal, "(London) 19hl, April 29, Vol. 67, No. 12, p. 26? Report of the district meetings proves that there should be mutual assistance between local authorities for the repair of war-damaged water and sewage services. (DLC) 3652. PVO i kanalizatsiia (Air raid defense and sewage) Zhukov, A, I', VODOSNABZHENIE I SANITARNAIA TEKHNIKA (Moscow) 19l|0, No. 1, pp. 13-19 . ' 375 SHELTERS 3653, Air raid hotel WAR DIGEST (E.mmaus, Pa. ) 1941, July, Vol. 6, No, 1, p. 64 The practice.of charging for air raid shelters has been discovered in Merseyside with prices ranging from 2s 6d a week for bed space, to 15s a week for the best private rooms. The beds are for those who can afford only a half crown; they are close together on an upper floor, but down in the depth of the building where safety and privacy exists, beds may be purchased for 10s a week, (DLC) 3654, Air raid lessons (editorial) MEDICAL PRESS AND CIRCULAR (London) 1940, August, Vol, 203, No, 5285, p, 138 Precaution and protection, effect of noise, indoor shelters, (DSG) 3655, Air raid precautions THE SURVEYOR (London) . 1941, January 31, Vol. XCIX, No. 2558, p. 76 (a) Place of refuge in the home; (b) Annex shelter; (c) The Hove indoor shelter; (d) The garden shelter; (e) Communal shelter. Revetments and traverses, (DPR) 3656, Air raid refuge rooms THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1940, May 31, Vol, 126, No. 3276, p, 694 A review of "The Choice and Adaptation of Shelter in Houses”, H,M, Stationery Office, (DLC) 5657, Air raids and shelters THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London) 1940, December 28, Vol. 64, No, 26, p, 214 Results of physical end psychological relief in air raid shelters; public instruction on how to improve safety of the home; pros and cons of the Anderson shelter, (DSG) 376 SHELTERS 3658, Air raid shelters THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1940, March, Vol. 126, No, 3263, p, 288 In an explosion of a 500 pound bomb at 50 feet distance in an experiment to test resistance to blast, glass bricks used in shelter construction withstood the shock so favorably that they received official commendation of the ARP. (DLC) 3659. Air raid shelters THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1940, July, Vol. 127, No. 2383, pp. 6.6-67 The code of practice relating to construction of shelters varies from time to time, but it has been found that concrete is more durable than sandbags, and saves steel as well as labor and gives greater protection, (DLC) 3660. Air raid shelters and trenches THE BUILDER '(London)“" 1941, January 10, Vol. 160, No,* 5110, p, 81 Examples of air raid shelters and trenches built in accord- ance with conditions laid down by the Home Office. (DLC) 3661, Air raid shelters; health conditions THE ARCHITECT AND BUILDING MS (London) ’ 1941, February 7, Vol. 163, No. 3764, p. 104 Prizes were awarded by «the Chadwick Trustees for the best essays on air shelters, and to construction as management, "with special reference to ventilation, heating, sanitation, and the provision of sleeping accommodations", (DLC) 3662* Air raid shelters in flats THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND- BUILDER (London) 1939, April 7, Vol. CXXIV, No. 3216, p. 894 A bill which is to be introduced shortly in Parliament will provide that all flats to be built in the future shall be provided with air raid shelters. (DLC) 377 SHELTERS 3663. America's defense plans include civilian welfare THE SCIENCE NEWS LETTER (Washington, D. C7) 19Ul, January 29, Vol. 39, No. h, p. 93 A commission to study the effect of the war in Europe will give attention to bomb shelters and water supplies. A committee of distinguished scientists is cooperating • with army engineers who have built different kinds of bomb shelters. These will be tested to determine the types that will give best protection, A study is also being made for evacuation of civilian population, providing safe drinking water and milk, protection and use of transportation in case war comes to America. (DLC) 366I4. ARP in industry THE SECRETARY (Cambridge, England) 1939, July, Vol. XXXVI, No. ?, p. £96 Part III of the Civil Defense Bill now before Parliament deals with shelter, and training conditions for air raid precautions, for those working in shops, factories, commercial buildings and mines. ’’Buildings, wholly or mainly occupied as schools, colleges, hotels, restaurants, clubs, places of public entertainment or amusement, hospitals or nursing homes are excluded from the requirements of the Bill and from grants.”1 (DLC) 3669« ARP service news: shelters above ground for Cardiff THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, February 10, Vol. U8, No, 2l;02;, p. 316 Cardiff’s ARP shelter problem is concerned with low lying land. The city engineer is to prepare fresh plans and to take up with the Horae Office the difficulty of sinking trenches. (DLC) 3666 Der bauliche Luftschutł in Italien (Air raid shelters in Italy) ZEMENT WOCHENSCHRIFT FÜR HOCH UND TIEFBAU (Berlin) I9I4.O, March H4., Vol, 29, Copy 11, pp* 133-138, illus. Construction of concrete basement shelter rooms; description of bomb-proof shelters for 900 persons; public shelters having provisions for I4.OO persons complete with first-aid rooms; 378 SHELTERS description of multi-deck shelters; pirns for bomb-proof houses* (DPR) ... 3667, Birmingham shelter improvements THE MUNICIPAL JCURNAir'fLondon)“ 1940, October 25, Vol. 49, No. 2491, p. 1372 Birmingham Emergency Committee is arranging shelter improvements including ventilation, heating, better seating arid sanitation, treatment of objectionable people, and the segregation of women and children in reserved units containing sleeping bunks. (DLC) 3668. The bomb finds the shelter HIE CHILDREN'S NEWSPAPER (London) 1940, December 20, No, 1136, p, 3 A bomb fell within a few feet of a school in Kent village, to a depth of five feet. When a squad of workmen went to clear the space where the bomb fell, they discovered an under- ground chamber measuring ten feet by six feet. This has been cleaned and is now used as a useful shelter. (DLC) 3669. Bradford shelter provisions THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, September 22, Vol. 48, No. 2434, p. 2076 The Bradford Cprporation ARP Emergency Committee reports that shelters to provide accommodations for 3,817 people have been provided, and others to accommodate 1,477 will be started in a short time. The borough architect and building surveyor have been instructed to expedite the strutting of basements. (DLC) 3670* Builders to profit by ARP shelter scheme THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, July 14, Vol. CXXV, No. 3230, p. 100 The Civil.Defense Bill, to be introduced in the House of Commons, provides for three types of shelters: public shelters, shelters in factories and commercial buildings, and domestic shelters? suitable types are being considered by experts. (DLC) 379 SHELTERS 3671. Chamberlain exit; protective measures boosted after shuffle of minister. THE NEWSWEEK (New York) I9I4O, October lU, Vol. 16, p.. P5, illus. Anderson replaced by Morrison as Minister of Home Security. Morrison takes steps to regularize use of subways as shelters. (DLC) 3672. Civil defense. MATURE (London) 1939, July 8, Vol. IU4, No. 3636, p. 66 The Air Raid Defense League has issued a second bulletin regarding evacuation, shelters and food supplies. Careful planning before war for evacuation is important. Shelters are advocated for work and rest, also for those whose work requires them to remain on duty, and those engaged in run- ning special services, such as telephones and first aid.(DLC) 3673» The civil defense front THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 19l|l, January 10, Vol. U9, No. 2502, p. 37 Discusses demands by cities for grants to defray expenses of air raid shelters; action to improve shelters that become unusable in bad weather, (DLC) 367U. Civil defense front news THE MUNICIPAL JOURNALlTondon) 19U0, December 2?, Vol. h9, No. 2500, p. 1653 The tunnel air raid shelters in the city of Ramsgate, the fire risks in tunnel shelters, canvassers- for shelter’ requirements; provision made to secure bunks; bunking arrangements in shelters; provisions made for persons made homeless by air raids. (DLC) 3675. Civil evacuation-shelters-medical and sanitary care of civilian population necessitated byJ-attacks from hostile air craft. WAR MEDICINE (Chicago) 19U, July, Vol. 1, No. h9 p. 601 Care of civilian population subjected to air attacks. Gives 380 SHELTERS special attention to the needs and plans of America for air' raid protection and deals with air shelter life, sanitation, contagious diseases, (DLC) 3676, Concrete roads to roof ARP shelters HIGHWAYS AND BRIDGEiTTLondon) 1939, April 13, Vol. V, No, 249, p, 1 The Home Office has in hand plans for deep ARP shelters roofs of which will be doubly strengthened if built under roads constructed with concrete carriageways. Shallow stairs would serve for entrance and the shelters would be equipped with gas-proof doors, ventilation apparatus, warden's rooms, electric light, sanitation and a pumping system, (DPR) 3677, Conference on structural air raid precautions In Royal Institute"of British Architects, Journal,(London) 1938, June 27, Vol, 45, 3rd series, pp, 815-820 This article covers facts on entrances and exits, ventila- tion and external shelter accommodation. Reference is made to ARP structure of factories, (DLC) 3678. Construction of now type shelters THE MUNICIPAL J OURNALfL on don) 1941, April 11, Vol, 49, No, 2515, p, 443 Describes types of shelters that comply with government regulations, (DLC) 3679, Damp walls TEE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1938, May 27, Vol. 122, No. 3171, p, 1536 The British Ministry of Health considers dampness the most serious of all defects and as a primary cause of disease. It is important that every consideration possible be given to the building of dry shelters, (DLC) 3680. Dug-outs ted‘Surveyor (London) 1938, April, Vol. XCIII, No. 2410, p. 499 It is pointed out that the greatest degree of safety from 381 SHELTERS bombs would be found in dug-outs that can be constructed in the lawn or garden. It is also suggested that gas- proof dug-outs considered and planned at local municipal centers be managed by local authorities. (DPR) 3681. Dwelling under fire THE ECONOMIST (London) 1940, October 12, Vol. C.XXXIX, No. 5068, p. 456 According to England's Prime Minister, people must learn to rely more on their own protection. People have little sense of security in their own shelters or shelter rooms within their own homes. Working class inhabitants tend to flock together using public shelter protection* Suburbanites want their own private protection, hence tend to remain to themselves. They do not want the illusory protection of communal shelters, but the real protection which seems to lie in dispersal.-(DLC) 3682. Electricity and air raid shelters BEAMA JOURNAL FOR THE BRITISH ELECTRICAL INDUSTRY (London) 1941# March, Vol. 48, No. 45# p. 50 Lack of recommendations on the part of responsible oLuarters as to suitable methods of ventilation and lighting of domestic shelters in Britain. (DLC) 3683. Exemption of works of shelter regulations, dated Aug. 18, 1939 (923) Great Britain. Statutory Rules and Orders 1939. London, H. M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y.) 3684. Emergency housing In Royal Institute of British Architects. Journal. (London) 1941, Hay, Vol. 48# 3rd series, No. 7# p. !l? Plans for simple shelters of transportable and movable types. The former are designed to give temporary emergency shelter and can be moved from place to place, being of tent-like character, but more stable and warm. The latter are heavier 3 82 SHELTERS and once placed upon the site, remain. (DLC) 3685. Experts report on ARP THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, February 24, Vol. CXXIV, No. 3210, p. 484 "Protection against concussion as the result of a bomb striking a solidly constructed shelter which, although capable of keeping the bomb out might cause death to the occupants from concussion". It is recommended that shelters be built of a composite construction consisting of a detonating slab at the top, a cushion and an internal shelter casing. (DLC) 3686, Finsbury’s lead in air raid protection LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE (London) 1939, March, Vol, 19, No. 3,p. 79 History is made by Finsbury borough council. It has proved that its population can be protected from high explosives. The plan provides for fifteen shelters, three holding about 12,000 and the rest about 8,000 people each, (DLC) 368?. Frightfulness in the air Spaight, J. M. QUARTERLY REVIEW (London) 1939, July, Vol. 273, No, 541, p. 82 ' Of shelters. Sir John Anderson speaking to the House of Commons, remarked that it would be useless to "burrow under- ground" and on March 1, 1939, he remarked to the House that there was no such thing.as a bombproof shelter. As Kipling once said, "You may take to your caves, they'll be only your graves". The object of shelter building is to sustain the morale of the civilian, (DLC) 3688. Implications of ARP Chermayeff, Serge PENCIL POINTS (New York) 1941, July, Vol, 22, No. 7, pp. 489-490 General article, said to be first of a series. Discusses some problems of location and number of shelters in re- lation to presumable length of air raid warning period. Urges that architects must know the government’s intention, strategy and policy oefore adequate ARP can be planned. (DLC) 383 SHELTERS 3689. Indoor shelters (a bulletin) THE SURVEYOR (London) 19iil, April 2£, Vol. XGIX, No. 2£70, p. 283. Since total or partial collapse of buildings from within very often cause more casualties than blasts of bombs, it has been necessary to devise an indoor shelter the function of which is: (a) to protect the occupant from being crushed by falling ceiling; (b) falling debris within the room; (c) to prevent persons from rising above window-sill level as a precaution against flying bombsplinters; (d) to protect them from debris moving Icaterally. Some other features: (a) should be placed away from Yfalls as an aid to easy exit or rescue of occupant; (b) its position should be such as to render it invulnerable to entrance of bombsplinters through outside doors and room door; (c) shelters should be movable (not fixed to floor ) so as to lessen effect of impact; (d) should possess as many exits as possible for the benefit of those from within as well as rescuers from without. (DPR) 3690. Information pool for industrial ARP THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 10, Vol. I4.8, No, 2li06, p, £39 The pooling of knowledge concerning ARP in industry is suggested by E. K, Cole, Ltd. Offers to all industrial executives construction details and plans of shelters for 3 >000 employees with information on evacuation routine and training. These shelters are timber lined throughout. They contain electric lights, emergency generator, telephone, radio, first-aid bags, drainage pumps and have been highly commended by the ARP experts. (DLC) 3691. Instruktsiia UPVO RKKA po eksploatatsii ubezhishcha (Instructions on the uses and maintenance of shelters issued by the ARP Division of the Red Army) VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHMOI OBORONY (Moscow) 1937, No. 10, pp, 37-U6 Rules and regulations for the utilization and maintenance shelters during peace and war time. Equipment,ventilation humidity control, heating, are discussed in this article, (DLC) 384 SHELTERS 3692. In the news THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1938, October 21, Vol. CXXIII, No. 3192, p. 1114 A number of concerns have been profiteering on materials used in air raid shelters. Government interference in this matter is lowering the prices. (DLC) 3Ó93- Life in London NEWSWEEK (New York) 1940, October 21, Vol, 16, .No, 17, p. 22, illus. Covers shelter program and communal feeding. (DLC) 3694. Local authorities1 war time plans THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL '(London) :1939, September 22, Vol. 48, No. 2434, p. 2070 Regarding ARP activities, it was reported that tenants of the Quarry Hill flats will make use of the New York Road public shelter until covered trenches are completed on the land enclosed by the buildings,(DLC) 3695. London epidemics NEWSWEEK (New York) , 1941, January 27, Vol. XVII,' No. 4, p. 10 Broken mains, shelters and spread of epidemics. Some counter measures. (DLC) 3696. London shelter perils THE SUNDAY TIMES (London) 1941, January $, Vol. 1, p, 7 An account of a visit to thirty or more of London’s public air raid shelters; the conclusion reached by Viscount Gran- ley was that it is beyond the power of the local authorities to deal with so large and new an'organization and that some efficient body should have complete control of all the London shelters. That everything is needed to prevent an outbreak of disease, the lowering of the standard of public morality and a complete breakdown of national unity. That the atmosphere, sanitation, water, lavatories, sleeping accommodations and medical attention are horrifying. (DLC) 385 SHELTERS 3697. Der luftschutzraum (The air raid shelter) WIENER KLINISCHE ¥0CKENSCHRIFT (Vienna) 1939, November 24, Vol. 47, pp. 1070-1073 Plans for constructing air raid shelters; necessity for concentration of shelters due to fact that two-thirds of population live in cities; provisions for first-aid sta- tions; list of materials for the family medicine chest. (DSG) 369B, Manchester's policy unchanged THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, October 25, Vol. 49, p. 1372 A report on Manchester's shelter program, giving number of each type of air raid shelter, and problems arising from tendency of public to spend longer periods in shelters. (DLC) 3699. Materials for private work THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) .1940, September, Vol. CXXVII, No, 3293, p. 364 Real progress has been made in the North-west in the provision of air raid shelters, but there is still a big program to be completed by building contractors before the authorities will be fully satisfied. Many private individuals who have delayed action are now directing hundreds of belated inquiries to architects, builders, and the panels of architects, engineers and surveyors set up by professional institutions. (DLC) 3700. Mathematics of ehr raid protection Haldane, J. B, S, In Royal Institute of British Architects, journal. (London) 1939, January 9, Vol. 46, No. 5, p. 240 A short description in mathematical terms of the probability of bomb killings over a given area and the degree of protec- tion afforded by a given shelter. Over-emphasis has been placed in design of shelters on vertical protection, i. e,, bombs falling directly on shelters, rather than some thought given to horizontal protection (falling of bombs at some lateral distance). The above calculations suggest that where heavy bombs are employed the trench would prove a safe harbor, however, a concrete shelter constructed with cells of stout walls would give the best protection. (DLC) 386 SHELTERS 3701. Mental, health in war-time Langdon Brown, Walter NATURE (London) 1941, February 15, Vol. 147, No. 3722, pp. 193-197 An extract from a Chadwick public lecture at the Royal Society of Trepical Medicine & Hygiene, discussion of the effect of war upon mental health and suggestions for precautionary measures in maintaining mental efficiency. Poorly equipped shelters are not conducive to mental or physical well-being. (DLC) 3702. The modern troglodyte In Royal Society of Arts, Journal, (London) Horder 1941, May, Vol. LXXXIX, No. 4586, p. 365, illus, A tribute is paid to those people remaining in their homes, thereby reducing the problem of public air raid shelters to much smaller dimensions and contributing greatly to its solution. Deals with the history of ARP shelters, and the health problems involved and considers the one sheltered individually, collectively and socially. (DLC) 3703. More air raid shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, June 2, Vol. 48, No. 2418, p. 1216 The Lord Privy Seal addresses a circular to local authorities in the areas expected to be most liable to air attack urging vigorous prosecution of shelter program, (DLC) 3704. More shelters for Belfast THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, July 12, Vol, 49, No. 2476, p. 919 The air raid shelter committee of Belfast have decided to erect another 100 public air raid shelters at an esti- mated cost of t 16,000. This brings the city's public shelters total up to 200, and it is probable that a third 100 will be put in hand when these are completed, (DLC) SHELTERS 3705. News from the ARP front THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 19U0, September 13, Vol. k9,.No. 2485, p, 1181 The large number of air raid casualties caused by flying glass. Recommends warning lights for air raid shelters which protrude into roadways. (DLC) 3706. News from the civil defense front . THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL"(London) 19l|0, July 5, .Vol. k9, .No. p. 872 Discusses latest progress in shelter schemes, the positions and sizes of shelters in certain Boroughs. A discussion of the protection of school children in certain schools. The advantages and disadvantages of out- side and inside shelters. (DLC) 3707. News fron the civil defense front THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) I9I4O, August 30,. Vol. h9, No. 2'483, p. 1122 Discusses air raid shelter accommodations, refuge rooms in houses, air raid shelter planning in rural districts, the domestic shelter plans in Bedford, England, and amount of assistance furnished cities by the Central Government, (DLC) 3708. Night must fall THE BISTANDERTLondon) October 2, Vol, CXLVII, No, 1920, p. 2k, illus. Pictures of air raid shelters showing, the way people sleep in them during air raids,(DLC) 3709. Notes and comments. THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 19li0, June, Vol. CXXVI, No. 3278, p. 757 Londoners are still without proper means of shelter during air raids. A survey by the ARP coordinating committee reveals, that one out of, every two in London are without proper shelter facilities. (DLC) SHELTERS 3710. Notes and comments ' THE 'MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) ’ 1980, September 27, Vol. .89, .Ho. 2837, p. 12.83 A discussion of the following subjects; air raid shelter policy; deep shelters; passenger transport difficulties; air raid damage insurance. (DLC) 3711. Old tube for A.R.P, TRANSPORT WORLD (London)' 1939, October l)4, Vol. 86, No. .2758,- p. .220 Home Secretary states that there is a possibility of using a disused tube railway tunnel in North Southwark as an air raid, shelter. It will provide a shelter for a large number of people. One difficulty will be to secure entrances and exits. (DLC) 3712. The peril from the air .' Campbell, Malcolm 1937, London, Rutchinson & Co., Ltd,,, pp. 126 The author warns the British nation against the ever increasing peril of German rearmament and necessity of preparing to meet the threat of a powerful German air force. Emphasis is placed upon the question of providing adequate air raid shelters and the feasibili- ty of the people building their own shelters. (DLC) 3713. Pill box shelters THE ILLUSTRATED.CARPENTER AND BUILDER. (London) 1939, May 26, Vol. 12k; No. 3223, p. 13ÖU Pill box shelters,as designed by the Cement and Concrete Association are constructed with a 12 in. wall of rein- forced concrete whereas the roof is of 9 in. construction and also of reinforced concrete, (OLC) 3718. Portable shelters for your key men BUSINESS (London) ' . 1939, April, Vol, LXIX, No. 8, p. 39, illus. Portable bullet-proof shelters for key men, wardens and officers at observation posts, providing protection against 389 SHELTERS blast, splinters, falling masonry, etc., caused by high explosive bombs. The essential feature of this new type of shelter is to provide those most exposed to danger as much protection as possible in the performance of their duties. (DLC) 371?« La protection de la population contrę le danger aerien en allemagne (Protection of the population against the danger of aerial attack in Germany) BULLETIN INTERNATIONAL DES SERVICES DE SANTE DES ARMEES (Liege) 1937, September, Vol, 10, No. 9. pp« £5>6-55>8 Division of the territory into five regions; installation of warning signals in all large cities; construction of outlying reservoirs (water) and shelter areas; dissemina- tion ox air raid protection regulations by all schools and theaters. (DSG) 3716. Roofed in streets as air raid shelters THE MUNICIPAL JGURNAL~(London) 1939, MarchS, Vol. );8, No. 2k0$, p. h99 Handy and easily accessible refuges at ground level are provided for in ARP scheme. Narrow and unimportant streets are converted into roofed in, highly efficient splinter-proof and gas-proof air raid shelters seating from 5>0 to 100 persons. (DLC) 3717. Schutzräume in stadt und land (Shelter areas in the city and country) TECHNISCHES GEMEINDEBLATT (Berlin) 1936, December, Vo, 39, No, 12, pp, 276-281, illus. Preparation of basements for defense shelters; description of double deck subterranean shelters; plans and materials for strengthening underground shelters; sanitary provisions, (DSG) 390 SHELTERS 3718. Shcheli kak p.rostęishee ukrytie pri vozdushnom napadenii Tcrevices or dug-outs as the simplest type o.f shelter during air raids) Moiulov (author)” VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1938, No. 11, pp. 52-4 The author suggests that more attention should be paid to popularizing narrow dug-outs to supplement the specially constructed cellar and underground shelters. He reasons that their depth and narrowness minimizes the danger of fragments or bombs dropping in. Furthermore, they can be constructed in a very short time. Some of the points dis- cussed are: location, construction, camouflage, and cover- ings . (DLC). m v . . „ . 3719. Shelter for civilians in modern warfare Lewin,' Joseph D. ; ' CIVIL ENGINEERING (London) 1941, March, pp. 157-160 Detailed statistical surveys needed in planning for metro- politan areas. Large shelters have been found most econom- ical in British study. (DLC) 3720, Shelter provisions' v THE MUNICIPAL.JOURNAL (London) 1939, September 1$, Vol, 48, No. 2433, p. 2035 The report of the Housing .Committee shows that 54 communal centres accommodating 2,700 persons had been erected in existing flats and 69 basement shelters accommodating 2,800 persons in new flats,. The Committee has in prospect the erection of 582 communal and basement shelters for accommo- dation of 24,100 persons, (DLC) . 3721, Shelters . Calder, Ritchie THE NEW STATESMAN AND NATION (London) 1941, March 8, pp, 235-6 An account of the transformation of the distressing shelter life under the Blitz, of September, Figures show that at least 80$ of the population in London have access to shelters 391 SHELTERS exclusive of the tubes. Shelter life drawin.es by Kapp., p. 2l|l. (DLC) 3722. . Shelters and shelters TRADE AND ENGINEERING (London) 19U0, March, Vol. XLVIII, No. 921, Shelters should have an available supply of sandwiches, hot tea or coffee. In most cases this has been done by users of the shelters who could afford to provide for them, but for the less fortunate a more generous, attitude should be adopted. The same applies to motorists, i. e., "there is no quarrel with those who take their neighbors to and from work, but those who do not are inviting action by the authorities". (DLC) 3723. Shelters for Cardiff schools THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, September 22, Vol. 1*8, No. 2h3h, p. 2076 The Cardiff Education Committee reports to the Board of Education that regulations have been made making the erection of shelters compulsory. 28,000 garden shelters to be built in the city and 1*90 public shelters to accommodate 29,000 people. (DLC) 372I4. Shelters for 90 persons . Lucas, Edgar THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AMD BUILDER (London) 1939, November 17, Vol. 1292, No. 32l|2, p. 869, diagras. Small shelters with desirable construction of different types. (DLC) 3729. Shelters in boys’ clubs TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 19hl, January 29, No. 31st yr., p. 39 The Government’s- decision to reimburse local authorities the full cost of constructing shelters in boys’ clubs aims at the solution of the problem presented by boys who have been bombed out of their homes or whose families have been evacu- ated, many of whom spend their leisure hours in crowded shelters. Provisions are made for the recreation, education, social activities, together with sleeping quarters and whole- some feeding for boys. (DLC) 392 SHELTERS 3726.' Shelters in playgrounds THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL ("London) 1939, September 22, Vol. 48, No, 2434, P» 2083 The possibility of using empty schools as air raid shelters. Feasibility of providing shelters in evacuated areas. (DLC) 3727. Southampton1s shelter problems THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, September 6, Vol. 49, No. 2484, p. 1149 Discusses difficulties overcome in protecting a large • population. How city of Southampton worked out the problem of protecting its population in air raid shel- ters. (DLC) 3728. Street air raid shelters ENGINEERING AND CONTRACT RECORD (Toronto) 1941, July 30, Vol. 54, No. 31, p. 18. diagr. Flans and description of the construction of a specialized type of air raid shelter. Throughout Canada there is a growing interest in Air Raid Precautions work, especially in regard to the provision of air raid shelters. (DLC) 3729. Team work will solve raid health problems LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE (London)....,; . , - - 1940, December, Vol, 20, No. 12, p. 266 A plea for more cooperation between local authorities in order to solve prpblems arising from overcrowding, lack of facilities, and inadequate lighting and heating in shelters, ' (DLC) 3730. To stop bombs THE TEXAS DIGEST (St. Paul) 1941, March 15th, Vol. 1?, No. 11, p. 15 One of the latest proposals placed before Congress, which has caught the interest of Congressmen fron the Cotton grow- ing States, is that of making bomb shelters out of cotton. It is said that 7 foot thickness would resist the penetra- tion of 2000 and 3000 pound falling from 15Ó00 feet, whereas a 2000 pound bomb falling 15,000 feet would penetrate six feet of reinforced concrete. (DLC) 393 SHELTERS 3731. übezhlshcha ot Aviabomb (Air raid shelter) KHIMIIA I OBONONA (Moscow) 1939, No. 11, pp. 18-19. 3732. Undesirable Persons in Raid Shelters. THE MEDICAL OFFICER. “(London) 19hl, March 3, Vol. 6£, No. 10, p. 8U Shelter wardens have power to exclude a person from the shelter if he is found to be in such a condition as to be dangerous or offensive to other persons using the shelter. Shelter wardens are responsible for the enforcement of this rule made under Management of the Regional Commission,. (DSG) 3733. Wartime building practice Bulter, R, Dotterel THE BUILDER. (London) 19Ü1* January 10, Vol. loO, No, £110, p, 32 General description of shelters and shelter equipment with a review of current problems and commerical developments, (DLC) 373U. Werksluftschutz (Air raid defense for industrial plants) ZEITSCHRIFT FÖR GEWERBEHYGIENE UND UNFALLVERHUTÜNG (Vienna) 1935, May, Vol. 1*2, No. pp. 80-8Z Duties for managers of subterranean shelters. Considerations of available supply. Provisions for casualties. Means of water-supply and sanitation. (DSG) 3735- Werksluftschutz unter besonderer berücksichtigung des. Raumschutzes (Air raid defense for industrial plants with special reference to space protection) ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GEWERBEHYGIENE UND UNFALLVERHÜTUNG (Vienna) 1936, February, Vol, h3s No, 2, pp, 23-2£ Observations and experiences of last war compared to technical and. chemical warfare of today. Construction of air raid rooms and dug-outs with special attention to provisions against fires and different types of bomb explosion. Organization for shelters for all civilian population, (DSG) 394 SHELTERS 3736. What reduces bombs * killing power THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, February 3, Vol. 48, No. 2401, p. 277 The large figures as to the number of casualties in ą village where refugees are being housed are asserted to be correct. Helsby defends several,points made in a letter which Wing- Commander Fletcher criticized. Bomb proof shelters are rec- ommended and trenches condemned. (DLC) SHELTERS, AIR-CONDITIONED, See SHELTERS - VENTILATION SHELTERS, ANDERSON, See SHELTERS, STEEL AND IRON SHELTERS, BASEMENT . . 3737* A. C. bombproof basement planned HEATING AND VENTILATING (New York) 1941, Nay, Vol. 38, No. 5, p, 63 The Meyer Memorial Hospital at Buffalo has directed the archi- tects to prepare preliminary sketches for setting up an air conditioned bombproof shelter in the basement, thereby setting . an example for other hospitals throughout the country. No change will be made in the structure of the Hospital at this time. (DLC) 3738. Air raid shelters at Salford THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER & BUILDER (London) 1939, August 4, Vol. CXXV, No. 3233, p. 266 "Plans are being made to build, 208 flats with basement shelters. The flats will house 942 people and the basement shelters will take care of 4000 people making shelters available to 3000 living nearby. Other plans for shelter are the French type under gaudens at the Longworth estate flats, shelters adjacent to corporation tenement blocks, concrete shelters strong enough to afford protection against blast and splinters in the back roads or passage-way between parallel rows of houses in district where the Anderson steel shelter cannot be used." (DLC) 395 SHELTERS, BASEMENT 3739. ARP THE ARCHITECT & BUILDINGS NEWS. (London) 1941, February 21, Vol. I63, No. 3766, p. 132 Blackpool Corporation is to requisition some 200 basements to be made into air raid shelters. The ceilings are to be lined with corrugated iron sheeting supported by beams, the beams being strutted; this strengthening will be adequate to support the weight of debris should the rest of the building collapse. (DLC) 3740. ARP In ROYAL INSTITUTE OF BRITISH ARCHITECTS. JOURNAL. (London) 1939, September 18, Vol. 46, No, 19, p. 964. A description of the air-raid shelter in the basement of the Royal Institute of British Architects building for the staff. A part of the basement had already been designated as ,a public shelter by the local authority, (DLC) 3741. Basements as air raid shelters. THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL. (London) 1939, June 9, Vol. 48, No. 2419, p. 1267. Objections have been raised to the orders issued for . altering basements. The nature of the alterations being such as to reduce their value as air raid shelters, (DLC) 3742. Basement shelters. THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER. (London) 1939, July 14, Vol. CXXV, No. 3230, pp. 74-78. In this article the Home Office gives government requirements regarding basement shelters, sections of two designs, as structural frame type and a wall bearing type are shown in two sheet drawings. Where 30 or more persons are employed in industrial and commercial undertakings the bill provides that the employer shall ensure that all employees know what to do in the event of an air raid, and that air raid personnel in the shelters are trained and equipped. (DLC) 396 SHELTERS, BASEMENT 3743« Design for basement shelter THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) ■ 1939, May 5, Vol. 48, No. 2414, p. 1011 Steel shelters for basements designed by Stewarts and Lloyds, Ltd., of Birmingham. Specifications given. (DLC) 3744. Domestic basements as air raid shelters Craske, G. W. THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1941, May 23, Vol. 128, No. 3327, pp. 576-578 Some risks to be avoided to prevent decay and dampness of walls and roofs. Also recommendations to deal with flood- ing. (DLC) • • ' 3745. Shelter accommodation in Wandworth THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, December 29, Vol. 1252, No. 3243, p. 1076 Article discusses use of basements as shelters and tells of system devised by British Steel Workers Association. (DLC) 3746. Strengthened basements as shelters THE SURVEYOR (London) 1939, December 22, Vol. XCVI, No. 2500, p. 522 Steel joists and corrugated iron sheeting recommended for strengthening basement shelters of private homes. (DPR) SHELTERS, BOMB AND BLAST PROOF 3747. Aspects of ARP Foster, Thomas THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1938, October, Vol. CXXIII, No. 3192, p. 1126 "It is indisputable that greatest damage is done, both to life and property by high explosive bombs. It must again be emphasized that full protection against these misailes can be obtained by constructing impregnable shelters which must be at least 50 feet below ground and protected by im- mense thickness of reinforced concrete." (DLC) 397 SHELTERS, BOMB AND BLAST PROOF 8748, Better shelters THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (Lendo») 1941, June 20, Vol. 128, No, 3331, p. 702, dqagrs,, plans A report by the ARP committee of the Association of Archi- tects, Surveyors and Technical Assistants makes suggestions for a few types of bomb-proof shelters, giving prices, plans and diagrams. Surface shelters, according to new recommenda- tions, cost more to build than sleeping shelters. (DLC) 3749. A bomb proof shelter THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) I938, February 11, Vol. 1221, No. 3158, p, 384 A Liverpool builder who did not agree that a shelter could be built for less than 1200 pounds built a gas and bomb- proof chamber under his home which will accomodate 10 people, at a cost of only 35 pounds. The ceiling is of reinforced concrete chemically prepared. The shelter is equipped with a fan to dispose of foul air, and by an in- genious device filtered air can be drawn into the shelter by passing through a chemically prepared air washer, (DLC) 3750, Bomb-proof shelters THE ILLUSTRATED CaRPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, June 30, Vol. 124, No. 3228, p, 1710 A Committee from the Institution of Civil Engineers made a study of "ARP Handbook #5", entitled "Structural Defense" and produced four types of air raid shelters, each one described in this article, (DLC) 3751. Bomb-proof shelters THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, November 10, Vol. 125, No. 3247, p. 854 A bomb might make a direct hit and penetrate a shelter, without destruction of the shelter, but the detonation of the bomb might cause such an air shock within the shelter as to cause death to all within. (DLC) 3752. Bomb resisting shelters (Handbook 5A) Great Britain, Air Raid Precautions Department 1940, London, H, M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N, Y, ; 398 SHELTERS, BOMB AND BLAST PROOF 3753» Building in wartime THE ILLUSTRATED .CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, October 27, Vol. 125, No. 3245, p. 765 The standard air raid shelter will withstand the exploding of a 500 lb, bomb at a distance of fifty feet. (DLC) 3754. A case for bomb-proof shelters THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, March 3, Vol. CXXIV, No. 3211, p. 538, illus A survey having been made, the Government has been urged to provide Mbomb-proof communal shelters in all vulnerable areas." The type of shelter decided on is shown is figure 1 of this article; this shelter is very spacious, accommodating 7,600 persons. The two ramped entrances shown in figure 11 are 20 feet wide, enabling the shelter to be filled to capacity in about four minutes. This shelter could during peace time be used as a parking place for cars. (DLC) 3755« London1s largest bomb-proof shelter THE WAR (London) 1940, July 5, No. 37, p. 1005, illus A disused tube railway tunnel. Accommodation for more than 11,000 people will be provided when the necessary structural alterations are completed. It is more then half a mile long, and its depth below ground various between 50 and 70 feet. It would stand a direct hit from the heaviest bomb, (DLC) 3756, Mr, Morrison again approached by ARP Coordinating Committee THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, November 15, Vol. 49, No. 2494, p. 1460 Summary of the, main points raised in a letter to Mr. Herbert Morrison, Minister of Home Security by the ARP Coordinating Committee, in which further advances in the construction of bomb-proof shelters are urged. (DLC) 3757. Shelters preferred THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, February 10, Vol. 48, No. 2402, p. 319 Bomb-proof shelters are preferred to trenches, surface 399 SHELTERS, BOMB AND BLAST PROOF shelters, the strengthening of baacm«nts. Fron both costs and vulnerability, it is essential that shelters should go down, rather than spread out on the surface, (DLC) 3758. Some aspects of structural- defense THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, July 19, Vol. 49, No. 2477, p. 940 A discussion of the mechanical problems involved in the placement and construction of bomb-proof air shelters. (DLC) 3759. Structural ARP equipment THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, June 16, Vol. 48,. No.. 2420-, p. 1384V illus. Description of a fire and splinter-proof durasteel door affording protection against blast and splinters from a 500 lb. bomb at 50 feet. (DLC) • 3760. Mar building technique Lucas, Edgar THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1940, October 25, Vol. 127, No. 3,297, p. 458 The author suggests air raid precautions "Handbook No. 5A; bomb-resisting shelters for those interested in high stand- ard protection, this publication gives four standards of protection, type 1, 2, 3 and 4, he states these four stand- ards of protection should be memorized, as they will help in judging the "vague and sometimes foolish statements that are generally made about bomb-proof shelters." (DLC) SHELTERS, BRICK 3761, Brick surface shelters THE BUILDER (London) 1941, May 23, Vol. CLX, No. 5129, p. 506 Mr. Lathan questions the Home Secretary about prosecutions "with regard to bad contracting in brick surface shelters." A job found, to be unsatisfactory in some respects would not justify legal proceedings, although "any clear case should 400 SHELTERS, BRICK be pursued as far as possible whether by legal proceedings or otherwise." (DLC) 3762. Ministry is blamed in Coventry shelter probe THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AMD BUILDER (London) 1941, May 16, Vol. 128, 'No. 3325, p. 526 Criticism of brick-built air raid shelters; defects of arched roof and absence of anything to intercept rainwater to carry it clear of walls. Agreement not to use brick shelters built with lime mortar and to demolish those already built. (DLC) 3763. Reinforced brickwork for shelters THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AMD BUILDER (London) 1940, .March 29, Vol. 126, No. 3267, p. 412, illus. A new type brick has been designed by J. W. Holmes. It is set in an x position and is grooved to hold steel bars ver- tical and horizontally. To be covered with mortar. All of which gives added resistance to bomb. (DLC) SHELTERS, CAST IRON, See SHELTERS, STEEL AND IRON SHELTERS, CONCRETE 3764. Air raid precautions THE GAS WORLD (London) 1939, August 26, Vol. 91, No. 2873, p. 167,illus. A new type of air raid shelter has several features to satis- fy the requirements of the Civil Defense Act. The shelters are constructed on the unit principle from precast concrete segments reinforced with steel rods. The segments are 20 in. wide, a pair of them forming an arch 7 ft, high. (DLC) 3765. Buildings and air attack THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, February 3,.’Vol. CXXlV, No. 3210, p. 264 Construction of air shelters in Barcelona and their resist- ance to air attack are given in this article,. Reinforced 401 SHELTERS, CONCRETE . concreto construction was found to give more protection against artillery dr air bombardment. Three types of construc- tion used in Barcelona are given: ordinary, composite, and framed. (DLC) 3766. Civil defense front news THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, August 16, Vol. 49, No. 2481, p. 1060 Discusses the importance of concrete in creation of shel- ters, the different types of shelters in various areas, the cost of different type shelters. (DLC) 3767. Concrete bomb shelters at Leicester electricity station THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, May 5, Vol. 48, No. 2414, p. 1002 Description of the shelters designed for employees at the generating station of the Leicester Electricity Department. (DLC) 3768. Concrete for ARP shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL" (London) 1939, March 24, Vol. 48, No. 2408, p. 687, illus. Municipalities and-other public authorities are receiving information of three forms of protection in case of air raids. Lining for trenches, underground shelters and bomb deflec- tions, all utilising reinforced, concrete as the defensive material. Units can be placed in position at the site by unskilled laborers. Carefully treated with a water-proof- ing compound the trench can be made reasonably water-proof. Units are delivered to the site, as and when required in a matured condition. (DLC) 3769. Concrete gill box or bomb shelter built in a day POPULAR SCIENCETNew York) 1940, December, Vol. 137} Mo. 6, p. 82, illus.' Concrete pill boxes may be erected in a single day by a speedy new method. "The structures may be used as for* as bombproof shelters during air raids. Its biscuit-shaped design found most suitable for either sol- dier or civilian. (DLC) U02 SHELTERS, CONCRETE 3770. Concrete shelter THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, September 1, Vol. CXXV, No. 3227, pp. U50, 552, illus. Drawings of a reinforced concrete shelter to house 50 persons are sho?m in this article. (DLC) 3771. Concreting of air raid shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOÜRNAir (London)” 1939, June 23, Vol. 48, No. 2U21, p. 1U53 Compares pre-cast concrete and steel construction with in situ reinforced concrete construction - in favor of the latter, (DLC) 3772. Control of concrete (A Bishop’s plea for shelters) THE OBSERVER (London) = " 19U0, December 1, No. 7801, p, 10 Government urged to take over cement industries and work to full capacity. Effectiveness of various types of shelters; an explanation for not building concrete Haldane shelters offered. (DLC) 3773» Design and construction of external strongholds THE BUILDER (London) 1938, November 18, Vol. 155, No. h998, p. 985, illus. It has been proved by numerous tests that concrete, mass or reinforced, has considerable advantages over other materials both from a structural and economical point of view. It is an established fact that round mild steel bars of small diameter arranged to form a mesh in at least three direc- tions are the most effective method of reinforcement against penetration and explosion. (DLC) 377U• Domestic garden shelters in situ reinforced concrete THE BUILDER (London) • I9I4O, January 26, Vol. CLVIII, No, $060, p. 133 Although the above-ground or surface splinter-proof shelter possesses undoubted advantages, the below ground or partly- buried shelter is in some cases to be preferred, (DLC) 403 SHELTERS, CONCRETE 3775. The pill-box concrete shelter THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, April 14, Vol, 48, No. 2411, p. 836* illus. The pill-box type of concrete shelter, designed by the Cement and Concrete Association, is intended primarily for erection by a builder on behalf of private residents, but can be adapted for public use, (DLC) 3776. Precast concrete for bomb shelters in quick time CONCRETE.(Cement Mill Edition) (Chicago) 1941, April, Vol.' 49, No. 4, pp. 4-6* illus. Experiences with London shelters: Development of precast concrete units that permit rapid construction of bomb shelters; description of interior lining of shelters; Anderson shelters; tendency to build above ground due to water seep- age ; experiences with the single family shelter, (DPR)’ 3777. Quarry blast tests shelters POPULAR SCIENCE (New York) 1940, November, Vol. 137, No, 5, p. 64, illus. An experiment conducted by government officials to determine the strength of special granite concrete construction, A man-made landslide-above a bomb shelter was released by dynamite; the structure remained the heavy load. (DLC) 3778, Rapid' hardening of concrete THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London-) . 1939, October 6, Vol. 48, No. 2436, p. 2155 , •, A process for accelerating the setting ,and hardening of concrete is being developed by Imperial Chemical Industries, This would be of value in the building: of air raid shelters, etc. Details of this new process are contained in a book- let - "Calcium chloride for accelerating the Hardening of Portland Cement" obtainable from Imperial Chemical Indus- tries, Ltd., London, (DLC) 3779. Savins- steel (Tests on glass reinforcement, for concrete) THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London!" 1940, August, Vol, 127, No. 3286, p, 152 It has been found through research that glass can be used as a 404 SHELTERS, CONCRETE substitute for steel in the reinforcement of concrete for air raid shelters, (DLC) SHELTERS - DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION 3780, Air raid precautions SUPPLEMENT TO NATURE (London) ‘ " ■ ' 1939, March 11, No.. 3619, p..408 Part 4 report on the design, equipment and cost of air raid shelters. (Reprinted from the Architects Journal for July 7, 1938). (DLC) 1 . .4 3781. Air raid shelters THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, September 1, Vol, CXXV, No, 3237, p. diagrs, A revised code issued by the Home Office is compared ’with those of the provisional .code .issued in April, The booklet deals with debris loading, space required for shelters, limits to the number'of persons, and the separation of persons in each section, access to shelters, emergency exists, sanitary accommodations, lighting, and the diversion of pipes conveying water, steam or gas. Diagrams are given of model shelters, (DLC) 3782. Air raid shelters In Institution-of ■ Municipal, and. County Engineers. Journal, (London) 1941, January 7, Vol, 67, No. 8, p, 12, diagrs. Amended official instructions Home Security Circular No, 290/1940, dated December 11, gives notes on modifications in standard designs of surface, trench and basement shelters, which in the light of actual experience it has been found desirable to introduce, (DLC) ■' - 3783. Air raid shelters THE BUILDER (London) ; ; 1941, February 21, Vol. CLX, No, $110 , p, 204* iHus,, diagrs. A.A.S.T,A, designs for school shelters which can be used as dormitory shelters at night. Accommodate 40 children for daytime use, 1? people for dormitory use at night, (DLC) 405 SHELTERS - DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION 3784• Air raid shelters and building law JUSTICE'OF THE PEACE (London) 1939, September 2, Vol. 103, No. 35, p. 584 Under the Building Law shelters to be exempted or considered to be a building must comply with the structural require- ments of its by-laws. Many shelters, under the Public Health Act, are not buildings and do not comply with the Provisions of the Civil Defense Act, (DLC) 3785. Air raid shelters. Exhibitions of plans and drawings THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London^ 1940, November B, Vol. CXXVII, No. 3299, p. 530 In response, to requests for information on bomb-proof shelters, the ARP Committee has prepared an exhibition of fourteen screens, dealing with the planning of shelters (surface, underground, multi-storey, and tunnel, including proposals for driving new tunnels from the London tubes). (DLC) 3786, Air raid shelters for 4 pounds Mathews, Ernest THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1938, October 7, Vol. 123, No. 3190, p. 973, illus. The author describes the type of shelter for householders with small gardens to be built for protection of mothers and children. These shelters in the garden or home tend to avoid panic with children. Shelters can be built in clusters of 2 or 4 to accommodate up to 24 people, the cost, amount of material, and method of construction are given. (DLC) 378?* Air raid shelters - revised code STRUCTURAL ENGINEER (London) 1939, September, Vol. XVII, (New Series) No. 9, p. 401 Describes document published by Home Office with changes as to construction of shelters regarding lateral and overhead protection, debris loading, restricted number of persons to shelters, sanitation, lighting, etc. Part II carries a dozen pages of plans of model shelters. (DPR) 406 SHELTERS - DESIGN MD CONSTRUCTION 3788. Beiträge bei der Ausführung behelsmässiger Luftschutzräume und von Brar.dmauercurchbrj.ch3n (Materials for completion of temporary air raid shelters and of cracked fireproof walls) DEUTSCHE APOTHEKER ZEITUNG (Berlin) 1941, Vol. 56, p.•242 A discussipn of the necessary construction materials for air raid shelters and methods for using them. (DSG) 3789. Communal shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, December 15, Vol, 48, No, 2446, p. 2488 Description of the shelter design submitted to Home Secre- tary by the ARP Coordinating Committee, Prof. J, B. S, .. Haldane, chairman. The shelter is built of reinforced concrete, and divided into compartments accommodating 50 to 80 persons each, (DLC) 3790, Competition for design of an air raid shelter THE ARCHITECT AND BUILDING NEWS (London) 1939, March 24, Vol. CLVII, No. 3666, p, 368 Requirements of architects an competition for design of air raid shelters to accommodate 50 persons, nA list pf the factors which will influence the assessors in adjudica- tion" are, cost, ease of .manufacture, ease of erection, gas and water-tightness- resistance to ground disturbance, dura- bility and adaptability. Preference to be given to a design of shelter which can be used in peace time for other purposes, (DLC) 3791. Overi dlia ubezhishch zashchity naseleniia (Construction of doors for air-raid shelters) Malinin, N. F* VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBORONY (Moscow) 1937, No; 6, pp. 23-28, illus. The doors of an air-raid shelter must be (a) air-tight, preventing the penetration of gases and maintaining air pressure inside the shelter, (b) The doors of the air raid shelters must be able to resist the air pressure created by explosions. This article gives many details of the construc- tion of these doors, (DLC) 407 SHELTERS - DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION 3792. Construction of shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL,(London) ' 1939, January, Vol. 48, No. 2400, p. 18? The shelters will be supplied in sections capable of giving protection to four or five persons. The shelters are con- structed of very strong galvanized corrugated steel sheets, vigorously tested. (DLC) 3793. Derevianno zemlianoe ubezhische (Lumber and earth shelters) Abramov VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1938, March, Vol. 3, pp. 42-45, illus., diagrs. Planning, construction, ventilation of shelters for rural communit ie s, (DLC) 3794. Designing shelters against raids . THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, ferch 3, Vol. 48, No, 2405, p. 485 The subject is one which must be tackled whole-heartedly by a central body comprising specialist engineers. This body would receive, investigate, and distribute information. By this means standards would be formulated and applied, (DLC) 3795. Design of air raid shelters THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, October 27, Vol. 1252, No. 3242, p. 765 Principles governing the design of air raid shelters as prescribed in the Civil Defense Act are discussed in this article. Family shelters, floor area, emergency exits, col- lapsing of buildings and seating arrangements are discussed. (DLC) " 3796. Indoor shelters , THE BUILDER (London) 1941, February 21, Vol, CLX, No. 5116, p. 205, illus. Mr. Herbert Morrison stated in the House of Commons on February 11 that a satisfactory design for air-raid shelter within the home has been achieved, and that priority in dis- tribution would be given to a few selected areas. It is not proof against a direct hit but excellent cover from the debris of a two or three storey house, (DLC) U08 SHELTERS - DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION 3797. Kommentar zum Luftschutzgesetz -und den durch-fuhrungabeStimmungen "(Comment on aerial defense laws and provisoes for execution of laws) DIE BAUTECHNIK (Berlin) 1938, December, Vol. 16, No. 93, p. 763 Regulations for building of air raid shelter rooms including directions, planning and construction. Supervision of laws rests with building administrator of the Reich and subordi- nate officers, (DSG) 3798. Luftschutzraume, englische Vorschläge (English proposals for air raid shelter rooms) ZEMENT WOCHENSCHRIFT FUR HOCH UND TIEFBAU (Berlin) 1939, April 27, Vol. 28, Copy 17, pp. 272-273 Plans for the construction of shelter rooms, provisions for safety doors, to prevent entrance of gas; rules for strength of walls and floors; drainage of underground water. Illus- trations of single and multiple storey rooms, (DPR) 3799. Nekotorye vorposy protivozdushnoi oborony (Soiree problems of air raid precautions) A, K. H. VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOi OBORONY (Moscow) 1939, No. 1, pp. $k~l Basing his discussions on English and Spanish sources, the author raises certain pertinent questions relating to shelters. What should be the thickness of the top cover of shelters in order to withstand fougasse bombs? English and French tables of weight of bombs, kinds of materials, and thicknesses are given. Shelter construction techniques in Barcelona cited. Recommendations given in the German peri- odical "Bauwelt" on ricochet shelter top covers and the criticism of same by British engineers is also mentioned. Size of shelters, materials, positive and negative qualities of underground and surface shelters as outlined in the pages of "The Architects Journal" (Dates not given), the use of subways and the problems of sanitation, ventilation, and train service are also discussed. (DLC) 1*09 SHELTERS - DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION 3800. Some aspects of structural defense THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 191*0, July 19, Vol. 1*9, No. 21*77? p. 9l*0 A technical discussion of air raid shelter construction to withstand light weight bombs and bombs used in wave bombing. Explains the amount of resistance that has been noted to vari- ous size bombs and the effect of such bombs on structures., (DLC) 38OI-, Some points in shelter design THE SURVEYORTLondon) 1938, June, Vol. XCIII, No. 21*21, p. 827 For the success, of shelter protection it is best to con- struct the shelter below the ground. There they are more resistant to blast and bombs. The floors of shelters need not be thick or expensive. (DLC) 3802, 5troitelfnye problemy protivozdushnoi oborony (Construction problems of ARP) VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBORONY (Moscow) 193U? January, No, 1, pp. 1*2-50, diagrams,. This is a review of foreign literature on the subject and presents ideas of Perez, Schroeter, Le Corbusier, and several other architects. The review contains 13 diagrams of the constructions suggested by the architects mentioned. These cover dwelling shelters, door and window constructions, aa well as roof coverings., (DLC) Ustroistvo dverei i okon v protivovozdushnom ubezhishche (Construction of doors and windows in air-raid shelters) Translated from the Polish ("'Przegląd Letniczy", No. 1*, 1936) VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBORONY'(Moscow) 1937? No.l, pp. 53-57? illus., photos., diagrs. The weakest link in shelter construction is the reliability of doors- and windows.. The author discusses the problems of harmstical sealing, (DLC) 380l*-, Uatroistvo ubezhishch ot vozdushnogo napadeniia (Construction of shelters against air”raids.) Trunin. . - VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBORONY (Moscow) 193kr July, No. 8, pp. 57-62, illus., and diagrs. . iiio SHELTERS - DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION This isa review of a pamphlet,” Shelters Against Air Raids”, which appeared in Poland early in 193U under the joint author- ship of Lt, ColonelSilakovskii and Captain.Besekerskii The reviewer discusses the character and construction Of shelters for particular typesof bombs, i. e., incendiary, fougasse, explosive. Two tables are presented’which give ratios for .height from which bomb is dropped and possible damage to places hit. Six diagrams for various types of shelters and roof coverings are also given. The conclusions of the authors are summarized, (DLC) SHELTERS, DOMESTIC, See SKELTERS, PRIVATE SHELTERS-EQUIPMENT 3809* Builders and ARP:gas-proof and splinter-proof fittings THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER' AND BUILDER (London-) 1938, November, Vol. GXXIII, No. 3199, p. 1366 "Doors, emergency exit gratings, aid window shutters are made for ARP work. These may be gas-proof or.gas- and splinter- proof, Obviously extra protection is provided by having fit- tings which are splinter-proof," (DLC) 3806, Equipment doors , • TEE TEvES TRALE AND ENGINEERING (London) . 19l|0, July, Vol. XLVII, No. 917, p. 20 Strong rooms, temporarily used as shelters are fitted with small emergency doors, in the event the regular door is put out of commission. (DLĆ) 3307* Masks for shelters-- THE LANCET (London) I9I4I, February 19, Vol. 2i|0, pp, 233-231; Masks as protection against influenza. Distribution of masks. Respirators for special cases. Baby helmets. (DSG) 3808, Noch einige Schutsrania aufgaben (A few additional demands upon the shelter) LUFTFAHRT UND SCHULE, (Berlin) 1939, November., Vol. V, No... 2, p. 20 . Notes regarding the furnishing of shelter with necessary furniture and its arrangement for the comfort of the users* Financial demands- upon the families usinr the shelter. (DLC) Uli SHELTERS - EQUIPMENT 3809. Pumps for air raid shelters BRITISH TRADE JOURNAL AND EXPORT 'WORLD (London) 19l|l, May, Vol. LXXIX, No. 9U0, p. 99. "...Centrifugal pumps, previously used mainly for garden foun- tains ... are now found to be aptly suited to draining of ... domestic air raid shelter." (DLC) 3810, Shelter bunks. Architects criticize official designs THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) ' ' I9I4O, November 8, Vol. CXXVII, No. 3299, p. 526 "The decision of the Ministry of Horae Security to' provide one million bunks for shelters was a welcome one. But hopes that at last a new leaf had been turned over were dashed when the designs for those bunks were issued to local authorities. It became evident that the old faults - lack of intelligent planning and petty economy - were still present. A million people are going to spend probably a third of their time in these bunks, for months, perhaps for years. If designs are not altered two-thirds of these people (those occupying the two lower bunks) are going to lie in considerable and quite unnecessary discomfort." (DLC) 3811, What our readers say. Seats for air-raid protection THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London!- 19U0, July 12, Vol. h9, No. 21*76, p. 902 Due to shortage of timber, there are too few.seats in the shelters, (DLC) 3812, What to stock for air raid shelter ELECTRICAL TRADING AND RADIO MARKETING (London) 19i*0, October, Vol. 11, No. 132, pp. 35-38, illus. The changing character of the air raid shelter - its in- creasing use as a dormitory for the people - is bringing a demand for new heating, ventilation and other electrical e quipment. (DLC) SHELTERS, FACTORY, See SKELTERS, INDUSTRIAL SKELTERS - FURNITURE, See SHELTERS - EQUIPMENT SHELTERS, GAS-PROOF 412 SHELTERS, GAS-PROOF 3813. Opredelenie stepeni germetichnosti gazo-ubezhisch i zashchi- tnykh komnat (Measuring the degree of gas-proofness of a shelter) Soikonen, A. VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBORONY.(Moscow) 1938, No. 10, pp. 40-49 The author discusses the experiments he conducted in order to improve the gas-tightness of shelters. The apparatus used in these tests, and the method of testing are thorough- ly described. (DEC) 3814. 0 vozmozhnosti prebyyaniia. y protivogaze nekotorykh grup tera- pevt bol'nykh (On the possibility of patients remaining in a gas proof place) Egorova, 0. G, KAZANSKII MED. ZHURNAL (Moscow) 1940, No. 1, pp. 35-9 3815. Primenenie perenosnykh gazo-ubezhishch (Uses of portable gas shelters) Garovnikov, V. I. VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBORONY (Moscow) 1937, July, No. 7, pp. 25-29 The author discusses shelters in general and portable shel- ters, or as he calls them, anti-gas tents, in particular. The difficulties of construction, ventilation, heating, and other prerequisites for a .safe shelter are presented and the possibility of using a combination of the two methods ig raised. That is, the author suggests that it may be feasible to build an underground shelter that will withstand a bombard- ment because of its concrete or other similar coverings, and when the attack comes, to simply move the portable, gasproof shelters into the underground. The author believes that a great deal of cost and maintenance expenses may thus be eliminated. Further uses for portable shelters are suggested in the case of airtight compartments. Problems such as ventilation are also discussed. (DEC) 413 SHELTERS - GOVERNMENT POLICY 3816, Air raid shelter policy THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, October 25, Vol. 49, No. 2491, p. 1368 Mr. Herbert Morrison, Minister of Home Security, announces that the government will in the future reimburse to local authorities the whole cost of contracts for the construc- tion and equipment of shelter provided that reasonable economy is practiced. (DLC) 3817. Air raid shelter policy - views of a doctor and an architect THE BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London! 1941, April 26, p. 637 Offers means of keeping shelters sanitary. Notes on shelter construction. (DSG) 3818, Air raid shelters (A.A.S.T.A.'s statement on policy) THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1940, August, Vol, 127, No. 3286, p. 166 The committees of the Association of Architects, Surveyors and Technical Assistants have been studying problems of air raid shelters and the results of their research have been placed at the disposal of the Government. (DLC) 3819. Architects and surveyors press for deep shelters; further criticism of government policy THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, November 22, Vol. 49, p. 1489 Statements on building of air-raid shelters issued from the annual general meeting of the Association of Architects, Surveyors and Technical Assistants held November 9, 1939. (DLC) 3820. The case for communal shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, December 22, Vol. 48, No. 2447, p. 2517 The type of shelter recommended by the ARP Coordinating Committee consists of a series of parallel units, either above or below ground, separated by walls of reinforced concrete. The committee favors communal or "focal” type as against the dispersed shelters, (DLC) 3821. Communal shelter policy for South Shields THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, August'4, Vol. 48, No. 2427, p. 1821 Summary of the report of the borough Engineer recommending communal shelters for South Shields, (DLC) 4U SHELTERS - GOVERNMENT POLICY 3822. Deep shelters ■' LOCAL GOVERNMENT•SERVICE (London) 1940, October 4, Vol, 20, No. 10, p. 219 Heavy continuous night raiding has brought an insistent public demand for bigger, better, stronger and warmer refuges with sleeping bunks, heating, lighting, water and sanitation. (DLC) 3823. The demand for deep underground shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, October 4, Vol. 49, No. 2488, p. 1273 Insists upon the provision of more deep air raid shelters. The example of Spain especially Barcelona are cited to show that such shelters can be built during the progress of a war. (DLC) 3824. Derby ARP shelter policy THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, October 13, Vol. 48, No. 2437, p. 2206 Underground shelters not favored here because of slight depth at which water is reached when excavating. (DLC) 3825. Economic notes THE NEW STATESMAN AND NATION (London) 1940, November 9, Vol. 20, No. 507, p. 459 It is estimated that a deep shelter policy would require about twelve million tons of cement. The output is about nine million tons; much is needed for defense work. The cementing must be broken before a possible increase in the productive capacity can be realized. (DLC) 3826. The government and deep shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, November 8, Vol. 49, No. 2494, p. 1418 Minister of Home Security has decided, after expert advice, that anything like a universal policy of deep shelter for the whole population or the greater part of it, is beyond the bounds of practical possibility, (DLC) 3827. National air raid shelter policy THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, November 3, Vol. 48, No. 2440, p. 2292 Substance of a memorandum submitted to the Home Secretary by the ARP Coordinating Committee urging genrenimeiit to build adequate communal shelters* (DLC) 415 SHELTERS - GOVERNMENT POLICY 3828, New policy for shelters THE OBSERVER (London) 1940, October 20, No. 7,795, p. 7 A plan to speed up construction of approved types of air raid shelters. The Government to reimburse local contrac- tors, (DLC) 3829. Notes and comments THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1940, September, Vol. CXXVII, No. 3293, p. 345 An indication of need for more air raid shelters is the wide- spread use of subway stations. Congestion in the rush hours is thus intensified. It is no uncommon thing for whole fami- lies to "camp out" at night in corridors and on platforms. Such conditions obviously should not be allowed to continue. (DLC) 3830. Official shelter policy .'.THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, July 26, Vol. 49, No. 2478, p. 978 Urges importance of bomb-resisting air raid shelters. Calls attention to duplication of shelters resulting from provi- sion of shelters from different sources for same person according to where he is: at home, in the street, or at work. Deplores unfortunate results of official policy on distribu- tion of Anderson shelters. (DLC) 3831. Shelter policy THE ECONOMIST (Londop) 1940, November 9, Vol. CXXXIX, No. 5072, p. 575 The Government, according to Mr. Morrison's broadcast, has become convinced that more deep shelters are urgently need- ed. While only a minority (1/6) of London's population sleep in public shelters there should be enough deep shel- ters to accommodate this minority. Studies are also being made of the possibility of adapting private basements, cer- tain floors in modern buildings, etc.,to use as protection. (DLC) ' ' 3832. Shelter policy THE NEW STATESMAN AND NATION (London) 1940, November 9, Vol. 20, No. 507, p. 458 Mr. Morrison has advised that more subways have been opened 416 SHELTERS - GOVERNMENT POLICY and tunneling is being done wherever it is practicable for underground shelters in London and the Provinces. London has learned from Spain’s experience that steel frame build- ings are not seriously damaged when hit and that the first and second floors of such buildings offer more protection than many basement shelters. (DLC) 3833» Shelter policy THE' ROUND TABLE (London) 1940, December, No. 121, p. 135 London authorities had never intended for the subways to be used as shelters at night, but with the first bombings people from the poorer sections crowded into them, and the policy had to be reversed. An Anderson steel shelter was made avail- able to all whose income was below Ł250 a year, but the poor had no place in slum sections. The government has resorted to dispersal as an alternative. Evacuation broke down be- cause of lack of a clear cut billeting plan. However, the biggest obstacle to evacuation was unwillingness to break up family life. (DLC) 3834. Shelter policy and the public Walters, Ronald THE SCIENTIFIC WORKER (London) 1941, May, Vol, XIII, No. 5, p. 138 It is obvious that the ARP problems necessitate a two fold approach, technical and psychological. Only psychological angle was considered at first. Technical research in ARP is principally carried out by the Research and Experiments Departments of the Ministry of Home Security. The Air Raid Policy of 1939 outlined. (DLC) 3835. Unification of shelter control THE BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, December 21, No. 4172, pp. 873-875 The inefficient organization of the shelters should be im- proved. The-problem of distribution in shelters. (DSG) 417 SHELTERS - HEATING 3836* Electric heaters in shelters Jackson* S. B, . THE BUILDER (London) 1941, February, Vol, CLX, No, 5114, p. 148 An electric heater, provided the supply installation is carefully arranged and is not of the exposed element type, is satisfactory if it does not consume valuable air, (DLC) 3837* Electric shelter heater THE BUILDER (London) 1941, January 10, Vol, 160, No. 5110, p. 95 A picture of an electric shelter heater, small and compact, yet providing at low capital outlay and low working cost, a simple and trouble-free method of introducing comfort into the air raid shelter. (DLC) 3838, Electricity and air raid shelters BEAMA JOURNAL (London) 1941, March, Vol. 48, No, 45, p. 50 There has been an absence of suitable methods of shelter heating and ventilation, especially as applied to domestic shelters. Suggestions range from watertight tubular heaters or air warmers to low voltage strip-type heating, (DLC) 3839. Heating air raid shelters by electricity THE ELECTRICIAN (London) 1941, March 7, Vol, CXXVI, No. 3275, p. 146 Continuous use of public shelters as dormitories has forced the Ministry of Health to recognize the need for some form of artificial heating. A BS specification has been issued for shelters accommodating between 25 and 35 bunks. Types of heaters prescribed by the B, S, I, are of the convector type, including forced convection heaters. The position of the heaters is specified and stress is laid on the impor- tance of ensuring adequate ventilation, (DLC) Ul8 SKELTERS - HEATING 38140. Heating of air-raid shelters GAS JOURNAL (London) I9I4O, November 6, Vol,. 232, No, U0iu2., p, 21;9, illus., diagrs. Air raid shelters have become a matter of urgency for reasons of public health, it is important that all shelters .be kept warm, dry and ventilated when unoccupied. There is an urgent need for suitable heaters which are inexpensive, easy to install, economical to run, and require the minimum of attention. (DLC) 381fL, Making shelters warm & dry LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE~CLondon) I9I4I, February, Vol. 21, No. 2, p. 31 It was reported that the trench shelter in Hornsey was water- logged. The conditions were improved later. The problem of making all of Homey1 s trench shelters habitable was dis- cussed. The temperature of these shelters is regulated by a heater-ventilator, (DLC) 381|2. Shelter heating THE ELECTRICIAN (London) 19U1, March 7, Vol. CXXVI, No. 327$, p. 1$2 Details of BS/ARP 5>1| for artificial heating of air raid shelters. Three types of convector heaters permissible: (1) the low temperature tubular type, (2) the type in which the element is housed in a casing, (3) the forced convection heater in which the air is drawn over the element by means of a fan. (DLC) 38I4.3 • Shelter heating ELECTRICAL REVIEW (London.) IRlil, March. 21, Vol. 128, No. 330U, p. U79 The heating of shelters, and especially the ARP surface type should be such asto remove the discomfort of cold feet and legs. This article contains considerations by various engineers, and in part, all agree that the warmth of the body and the temperature of walls should not be lower than that of the air, but higher, and that head level should not be noticeably warmer than that of the feet, and further the heads of the occupants should not be exposed to excessive heat 4 (DLC) 1*19 SHELTERS - HYGIENE 3ÖUU• Conditions in air raid shelters. Recommendations of Lord Borderłs Comteo with special reference to health; and a brief statement of action taken by the Government thereon. (Cmd. 623I4) GREAT BRITAIN, PARLIAMENT 19l|0, London, H. M, Stationery Office. (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N, Y, 2d. 50) 38U5• Conference on health conditions in rest centers and air raid shelters PUBLIC HEALTH (London) 19U0, November, Vol. LIV, 2, pp. 2l*-25 A discussion on measures for preventing epidemic and other disease in rest centres and air raid shelters. A code of good conduct by-laws for shelters soon to be issued by the Ministry of Horae Security. (DLC) 38i|6* Health conditions in air raid shelters THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London)“ 19hl, January )4, Vol. 65, No. 1, p. i| Tuberculosis; louse infestation; bug infestation; chemicals in latrines; masks, gargles and throat sprays; smoking. (DSG) 38U7. Health in public shelters; London survey BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London)“ 19U0, December ?, Vol. 2, No. 10-70, PP- 796-797. (DSG) 38I48, Health in rest centres and air-raid shelters BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL-(London) 19li0, October 26, Vol. 2, No. I4.I6J4, p. 569 Plans to prevent persons with infectious diseases from enter- ing shelters; evacuation as a means of decreasing the number of persons using shelters; attempts to provide doctors for all large shelters; question of disinfection and disinfecta- tion* (DSG) U20 SHELTERS - HYGIENE 3BU9. Health in shelters; further recommendations by Lord Border13; committee BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London) 19l|l, January U, Vol, 1, No. kl7k, pp. 2i*-25. (DSG) Health precautions in air raid shelters THE MEDICAL 0 FF I CER~(*Lo ndon] 19l0, November 30, Vol. 6k, No. 22, p. 162 Recommendations of the health committee for: (1) problems of overcrowding in domestic and communal shelters; (2‘) re- survey of all boroughs to find additional accommodations; (3) possibility of using tubes; (I4) provision for adequate sanitary equipment; (5) inspection of ventilation shafts; (6) reduction of air-borne infection by spraying, (DSG) 3851. Health precautions in London raid shelters THE MEDICAL 191*0, December II4, Vol. 6h, No. 2h, p. 202 Regulations'for prevention of infection in air raid shelters. Use of other shelters for persons with open tuberculosis. Available facilities for those infested with vermin. Measures for education oh health for those in the shelters. Compulsory powers issued by the Ministry of Health, (DSG) Health regulations for raid shelters THE MEDICAL OFFICER’lLondon) 19hl,- January 11, Vol. 65, No. I69U,' p. 15 Infectious and contagious cases in shelters; litters, reserved shelters. (DSG) 3Ö5>3 • Hygiene in air raid shelters. In' AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION. JOURNAL. (Chicago) I9LI, February 1, Vcl. 116* No, 5, p. UlU Recommendations by Lord Border1s Committee to hospitalize those persons known to have open tuberculosis; preventive measures against lice—borne disease; consideration of droplet infections and preventive value of face masks; experimenta- tion with chemotherapeutic drugs, (DSG) Itfl SHELTERS - HYGIENE 385U. The hygiene of air raid shelters In AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION. JOURNAL. (Chicago) * ; 19l|l, January 11, Vol. II6, No. 2, p. 155 Recommendations of special committee to study shelter hygiene: (1) Appointment of whole time shelter marshall; (2) first-aid post for every shelter accommodating 5>00 persons, with sick bay and physician in residence or available on call; (3) two beds and three tier bunks for medical post for every'1,000 persons; (t) 5>0 cubic feet per person for ventilation purposes; (5>) placing men’s toilet on surface; (6) spraying toilets with sodium hypochlorite; (7) bomb-proof shelters of reinforced concrete;, (3) extension railway tunnels for shelter use. (DSG) The modern troglodyte THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London) 19U1, April, Vol. 6p, No. 1708, p. 129 Discussion of health problems in ARP shelters; the necessity for prohibiting large numbers of persons in all small shelter areas; measures taken for a standard of security in shelters; the short and long term policy for sanitary conditions. (DSG) 3'8£6. New air raid shelter danger worse than epidemics SCIENCE NEWS LETTER (Washington, dTĆT) 19hlf February 1, Vol. 39, No, p. 63 Pulmonary obstructions threaten elderly persons who are forced to stay in shelter rooms; conditions of stagnation of blood and clot formation; danger to life greater than minor epi- demics. The necessity of provisions for lying down. (DLC) 3857. A nurse looks at shelter problems LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE (London) ' 19Ul, February, Vol. 21, No. 2, p. 28 According to a nurse’s report shelter problems fall into four big groups: 1. The need for better conditions for all in the shelter, 2. Nightly demands for attention to small injuries. 3. Occasional cases of‘aciite illness. U. People who should not be in the, shelters at all. (DLC) k2Z SHELTERS - HYGIENE 3-5858. Problems in shelter; occurrences and means of prevention of acute epidemic infection PRACTITIONER (LondonT January, Vol. 11*6, pp, 38-UU,(DLC) 3-859« • Public shelter problems THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London) I9I1O, November 21, Vol. 61*, No. 18, pp. 11*9-151 The transmission of infectious disease by (a) tomite infec- tion, (b) droplet infection, (c) infected dust; problem of rendering dust laden muclei harmless; practicable application for spraying of solutions; mechanical efficiency in spraying dependent upon viscosity of the solution; disadvantage of the most effective aerosol technique. (DSG) 3860. The shelter and the public health Weymouth, Anthony THE NINETEENTH CENTURY (London) I9I4O, Vol. 128, No. 766, pp. 595-603 A grave danger to the public health is derived from those shelters where overcrowding becomes a problem. It then be- comes necessary to see that a limited number which must be adjusted according to the size of the shelter be accommodated. It is important not only as a protection from bombs but also protection from germs, parasites and other vermin. There is greater danger of a plague under such conditions. (DLC) 3661. Shelter health THE LANCET (London) 19U0, December ll*, Vol. 2, p. 7i*8, (DLC) 386Z, Spread of disease in shelters BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL' (London) 19l|0, October 26, Vol. 2, No. 1*161*, p. 570 The risk of contact with open cases of tuberculosis in heavily- populated districts; suggestions for accommodating tubercular patients in colonies; arrangements for medical and sanitary- supervision. (DSG) 1*23 SHELTERS - HYGIENE 3863* Stellung und aufgaben des gesundheitsamts im luftschutz-aanität- sdienst (Situation and problems of health in air raid defense, health,service) ÖFFENTLICHE GESUNDHEITSDIENST (Leipzig) 1938,, October, Vol, 39, pp# £63-^67 Regulations and administrative methods; plans of inspection to safeguard health of the occupants; health problems of police in air raid shelters.; concentration of shelter areas, (DSG) SHELTERS, INDUSTRIAL 386)4, Ammunition depot at Hermiston Anderson, H> W, PACIFIC BUILDER AND ENGINEER (Seattle) I9UI, February, Vol. k1, No. 2, p, 2$ Details of a $10,000,000 ammunition depot, a project involving concrete magazines, 7$ air raid shelters, . water supply system and sewage disposal, 100 miles of highways, and lh miles of railroad. (DLC) 3865. Architects and the Civil Defense Bill THE ARCHITECT AND BUILDING NEWS (London) 1939, May $, Vol.. l£8. No. 3672, pp, 118-120, illus., diagrs,, tables The Civil Defense Bill provides that employers* of fifty or more persons build air raid shelters for their employees, * and also provides for a building code of standard require- ments. regarding steel, brick and cement work, depth, width, ventilation and many other requirements. (DLC) 3866. ARP for cooperative workers THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, June 9, Vol. 121;, No. 322$, p. I$h2 A scheme for,protecting employees during air raid attacks is being worked out by the Cooperative Wholesale Society at - ■ Balloon Street,Manchester. The shelters will be 1*0 feet below ground, with-six entrances, mechanical ventilation; these shelters'-, will ’’provide the highest degree of pro- tection”, (DLC) h2h SHELTERS, INDUSTRIAL 3867. ARP in a modern factory THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, July ll*, Vol. 1*8, No. 2l*2i*, p, 1620, illus. How a staff of 5,000 is sheltered rapidly. An impressive display of their preparedness for an emergency. Sir John Anderson1s description of an ARP demonstration: "a model of careful and effective organization”. (DLC) 3868. ARP in industry THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, June 23, Vol. 121*, No. 3227, p. 1650 Part III of the Civil Defense Bill deals with the require- ments for the provision of shelter and training and equipment for air raid precautions for persons working in factories, mines and commercial buildings; camouflage and the obscuration of lighting and glare. Owners of mines and all commercial buildings where more than 50 people ,'are employed are required by the Bill to provide air raid shelters; each building should appoint a squad of trained employees to take charge during air raids, provided their authority in regard to air raid precaution measures is made clear to everyone. (DLC) 3869. ARP shelter THE SECRETARY (Cambridge England) 1939, July, Vol. XXXVI, No. 7, p. 596 The Civil Defense Bill requires the occupiers of factory premises and the owners of mines and commercial buildings in which more than fifty persons excluding domestic staff, work or live, and which are situated in specific areas, to provide air raid shelter for the people working or living in the building or on the premises, (DLC) 3870, The basis of civil defense THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, October 20, Vol. 1252, No. 321*2., p. 733 This article deals with the provision of air raid shelters, for employees of factories and commercial buildings, meeting requirements, of the Civil. Defense Act. (DLC) 425 SHELTERS, INDUSTRIAL 3871. Bombs and work THE ECONOMIST (London) 1940, October 12, Vol. CXXXIX, No. 5068, p. 457 "The chief effect of raids has not been death or destruction but delay»” To reduce this delay to the absolute minimum, the problem of providing accessible shelter or cover for workers must be solved. Workers should not be expected to continue at their tasks right up to the moment of imminent danger, unless there is instant access to shelter. The same problem, arising in connection with transport diffi- culties must also be solved. (DLC) 3872. The building cede In Royal Institute of British Architects, Journal.(London) 1939, May 8, Vol. 46, No. 13, p. 663 Certain standards of protection for employees in factories and commercial buildings. These specifications are the necessary requirements for shelter accommodation in order to be eligible for grant as provided in "The Draft of the Provisional Code (Clause 10, Civil Defense Bill)." (DLC) 3873. Constructional work on air raid shelters and other protective work (A paper abridged) Clerke, Robert and Goodwin, William In Institution of Civil Engineers. Journal, (London) 1939, April 6, Vol. 11, No. 6, pp. 573-584, diagrs. The application of Home Office and ARP recommendations. Covers protection of personnel and power plants from gas, incendiary and light explosive bombs; blast fragmentation, and concussion, (DLC) 3874. Increase in unemployment THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1940, February 16, Vol. 126, No. 3261, p, 210 "Code of air raid shelters for persons working in factories and commercial buildings" obtainable from H.M, Stationery Office, price 6d. (DLC) 3B75. Luftschutz in Kleinen Industriewerken (Air raid protection in small industrial enterprises) ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR GEWERBEHYGIENE UND UNFALLVERHÜTUNG (Vienna) 193$, January, Vol, 42, No. 1, p. 1$ Protection against aerial attacks; air raid shelter rooms; 426 SHELTERS, INDUSTRIAL provisions for lighting; replacement of technical employees due to air raids; protection and replacement of vital machinery; management of personnel, (DSG) 3876. Luftschutzmasanatimen für industrieuntemehamungen \gń ihre Gefol- gschaft""! Aerial defense measures for industrial enterprises and their adherents) ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GEWERBEHYGIENE UND UNFALLVERHÜTUNG (Vienna) 1936, December, Vol. 43, No, 12, pp. 186-188 The employment of 60,000 men for defense work. Expectation for attack to occur in three phases: (l) poison gas, (2) high explosive and splinter bombs, (3) incendiary bombs. Construction of safety shelters with rooms for a definite number of persons. Construction of gas proof steel shelters, (DSG) 3877. Provision of code shelters BRITISH AND COLONIAL PRINTER AND STATIONER (London) 1941, March 27, Vol, 128, New series, No, 649, p. 115 An extension of Civil Defense Act, 1939, Part to in- clude all "Factory premises" in its requirement for approved standard air raid shelter. This purports to care for the greatest number of working persons on premises at any one time in ą normal day. (DLC) 3878, The provisions of air raid shelters for commercial buildings THE LAW TIMES (London) 1940, May 4, Vol. 139, No. 5066, p. 264 The Civil Defense Act 1939, s 16, authorizes a local author- ity to serve a notice on the owner of a commercial building requiring him to "provide an air raid shelter of the approved standard for all or any of the persons working or living in the commercial buildings", Owners of factories, mines, and commercial buildings used for residential purposes are among the persons who may become liable to provide air raid shelters in such buildings. If the owner fails to execute the order he is liable to a fine. (DLC) 3879. Der Schutz des Krankenhauses gegen angriffe aus der Luft (The protection of hospitals against attacks from the air) ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR DAS GESAMTE KRANKENHAUSWESEN (Berlin) 1936, October 13, pp. 489-492 Preparation of air raid shelters for industrial workers. Selection of first aid posts; methods of obscuration for 42? SHELTERS, INDUSTRIAL hospitals; problems involved in transferring patients to places of safety. (DSG) 3880. Shelters in business premises BRITISH AND. COLONIAL PRINTER AND STATIONER (London) 1941, March 20, Vol. 128, No. 648, p. 98 Business premises,, having set aside portion of their place for air raid shelter, are entitled to a reduction of the value placed on them, according to a decision handed down by the Appeal Committee of London Sessions, (DLC) 3881, Stanton reinforced concrete air raid shelter. In Franklin Institute, Journal, (Philadelphia) 1938, Vol. 226, p. 122 The Stanton Ironworks Company of Nottingham, England^placing air shelters in their plant to take care of the men whose jobs require them to remain on duty during raids. These ■ , shelters have practically all modern conveniences, fresh air is maintained by a high pressure pump, (DLC) 3882, Working through•raids ■ BUSINESS (London}" 1941, January, Vol, LXXI, No. 1, p, 26. It is the warden’s job to see that there is a place for each o*' the ten employees working in the factory in his group to duck into when necessary. The dwarf walls were found most usefpl, they seem to be the first choice among the hands according to the report of, a warden. (DLC) SHELTERS ~ LIGHTING 3883. Lighting; equipment ELECTRICAL REVIEW (London) 1941, June 20, Vol. CXXVIII, No. 3317, p. 25 A light designed for small shelters, consisting of two to four lights; — the voltage is low. The low voltage from the battery can feed 9 points of TO watts each- at 12 volts. (DLC) . , 428 SHELTERS - LIGHTING 3884. Shelter lighting and heating Lucas, Eo.gar THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1941, January 10, Vol. 128, No. 3308, p. 30 "A number of deaths have occurred from unsuitable•fitting and faulty installation. Most of this dangerous stuff is installed by amateurs. Electricity is favored for provid- ing light and heat," (DIG) SHELTERS ~ MORALE 3885. Bermondsey laughs at Goering Shepherd, H, LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE (London) 1940, December, Vol. 20, No. 12, p. 261 An account of the activities in Bermondsey's shelters. Shelter classes are held "to combat mental blackout and to keep children happy and occupied", concerts, parties and amateur musicians entertain shelterers to help them forget bombs. (DLC) 3886, Psychology in the shelter: effect of inadequate protection MEDICINE TODAY AND TOMORROW (London) 1940, December, Vol. 2, pp. 7-9. (DSG) 3887. Seder in a shelter THE JEWISH CHRONICLE (London) 1941, April 18, No. 3,758, p. 1 An account of a Seder service held in the Empire Building shelter, London, Permission was obtained from public authorities to have this service in the shelter because it was not possible to use the Jewish Institute due to German air raids. Each child, in accordance with an instruction card, brought his or her own passover cup, saucer, teaspoon, fish-knife and fork; in addition to this, the regulations made it impossible for any child to get in unless he carried his gas mask with him. (DLC) 3B88, Shelter to communion THE BRITISH WEEKLY (London) 1941, May 15, Vol. CX, No. 2846, p. 62 The Assistant Minister at "Vernon”, King's Cross, goes for 429 SHELTERS - MORALE visitation and services to twenty shelters, taking his choir, showing good films, and giving simple religious addresses. This is one instance of how the shelters are providing new contacts and fresh avenues of service for ministers, (DLC) 3B89. Youth center in shelter TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1941, January 11, No, 1341, 3-lst year, p, 17 Bombs and blackouts have made it difficult for youths to work. As a result well equipped youth centers in shelters have been established. Provisions are made for education, recreation, safety and sleep. Preparation for an air raid shelter club is in progress, (DLC) SHELTERS, MULTIPLE FUNCTION 3890, Air „raid shelters In Royal Institute of British Architects, Journal, (London) 193B, November, Vol. 46, No. 1, Ser, 3 Subways are recommended for air raid shelters, their value for other uses noted, new buildings should provide their portion of subway as an air raid shelter for their staff. (DLC) 3391. Air raid sheIter used in horde serves as a table in daytime POPULAR MECHANICS MA0AZINE (Chicago) 1941, June, Vol, 75, No. 6, p. 16 A new shelter for protection in homes against bombs of air raiders has been developed in England, and designed for use as a table in daytime and a shelter at night. It is*a steel box 6j x 4 feet having side walls of steel netting to prevent injury from flying glass and debris,■and can accommodate two adults and two children. (DLC) 3892, ARP car perks at' .Now-Castle THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, February 10, Vol, XXXIV, No, 3208, p, 344 Plans for parking cars underground are being considered by New-Castle Watch Committee, this space to be used far air raid 430 SHELTERS, MULTIPLE FUNCTION shelters in case of war. These shelters wall no doubt be linked up by tubes and tunnels. (DLC) 3893« Bridges as air raid shelters HIGHWAYS AND BRIDGES (London) 1939, March 29, Vol. V, No. 247, p. 9 Arches of nearby bridges, made bomb-proof by concreting their ends, could be pressed into service to afford shelter for a considerable number of persons. (DPR) 3894- Bridges as ARP shelters HIGHWAYS AMD BRIDGES (London) 1939, August 2, Vol. VI, No. 265, p. 2 Use of arches of a bridge at Carmarthen as an air raid shel- ter given approval by Ministry of Transport and the Carmarthen- shire County Council. (DPR) 3.895* Churches as air raid shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL {London) 1939, August 4, Vol. 48, No. 2428, p. 1822 B urnham-on-sea Urban District Council have approved pro- posals for use of places of worship in the district as air raid shelters. (DLC) 3896. Garage and refuge combined THE ILLUSTRATED'CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, July 28, Vol. CXXV, No. 3232, p. 216 A garage is being constructed, which in a few hours could be converted into an air raid shelter. Double doors are being fitted, but in the event of war these would be per- manently closed and reinforced with layers of sandbags. (DLC) 3897. London transport THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1941, February 8, Vol. LXXXIX, No. 2842, p. 49 London transport has completed the erection of the medical air posts at the 79 tube stations at which people take refuge from air raids. Each post includes a consulting space, an isolation bay with five bunks for the temporary 431 SHELTERS, MULTIPLE FUNCTION accommodation of any infectious cases, supply of water, electric heating for sterlizing instruments, cupboards for surgical instruments and dressings, and bunks for the nurses, (DLC) 3898. The Paris sewers THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 24, Vol. 48, No. 2408, p. 683 The sewers of Paris are large and easy to walk in, connected to the house basement by a short gallery closed by a thin masonry wall. A safe or emergency exit is always provided, one of the exits must be within easy reach of the street. (DLC) 3899. Surface family shelters THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, December 8, Vol. 1252, No, 3251, p. 973 Considered from point of use in peace time as additional room, a tool house or work shop. (DLC) 3900. Underground car park HIGHWAYS AND BRIDGES (London) 1939, August 2, Vol. VI, No. 265, p. 10 Proposed underground car park to be used as ARP shelter in time of war. Complete with casualty and first aid stations; would house 12,000 people. (DPR) SHELTERS - OCCUPANCY TESTS. See also SHSLTSxRS - VENTILATION 3901. Air raid shelters THE LANCET (London) 1939, October 21, Vol. 237, No. 6060, p. 893 Occupancy tests in ARP shelter made. Objectives (l) deter- mine length of tine before discomfort began (2) to deter- mine the temperature end humidity in circumstances (3) to note methods of improving comfort for occupants. No valu- able information gained from tests. (DLC) 3902. Occupancy tests of air raid shelters In Institution of Heating and Ventilating Engineers. Journal. (London) 1939;, December, Vol, 7, No. 82, pp. 428-429, illus. Particulars and results of tests of two shelters published by the 432 SHELTERS - OCCUPANCY TESTS Directors of Messrs. J. & E. Hall, Ltd. Two types tested- steel and concrete. A description of the shelters tests: seven tables, six charts, embody the results, showing "physiological and physical data: oxygen liberation and COp absorption. Comparison with "ARP Handbook No. 5" for anal- ysis of test results and useful conclusions. Suggested that tests be studied by heating and ventilating engineers. (DLC) 3903. Shelter test report THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, September 22, Vol. 43, No. 2434, p. 2091 A summary was published in the last issue of the Municipal Journal of tests carried out to ascertain the effects on human beings of occupying two types of ARP shelters for various periods. A detailed description of these tests is contained in a booklet entitled "Report on Occupancy Tests of Air Raid Shelters for Factory Workers "•(DLC) SHELTERS, PRIVATE 3904, Air raid shelter plans must be approved THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, August 2, Vol, 49, No. 2479, p. 997 Families wishing to erect private shelters are required to get permission of their local council. (DLC) 3905. Air raid shelters THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1940, December 20, Vol, 127, No. 3305, p. 692 Air raid shelters to be built inside the house are expected to become popular. The shelter opens into the kitchen, walls of 14 in, solid brickwork, roof of two layers of reinforced concrete. A ventilator is provided; in case poison gas should be used, the 'inlet ventilator could be fitted with a small gas filter in the fan, (DLC) 3906, Family shelters (interior) THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER' (London) 1939, December 15, Vcl, 1252, No. 3252, p. 1005 Merits and drawbacks of an air raid shelter inside the house, (DLC) 1*33 SHELTERS, PRIVATE 3907. ' New domestic shelters criticized THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) “ 191*1, April 18, Vol. 1*9, No. 2516, p. 1*65 Criticism of the Government scheme for domestic air raid shelters. The Emergency Committee air raid shelters. The Emergency Committee expressed regrets that the Ministry had insisted upon shelters consisting of multiple units to hold 12 persons each and not the shelter type as first submitted. The risk of a large number of casualties increasr- ed by not ensuring the dispersal of the population. (DLC) 3908, Shelters for private householders In Royal Institute of British Architects. Journal. (London) 19l*0, March 18, Vol. 1*7, No. 5, p. 106 An explanation of the arrangements made for a scheme with provision for technical advice to householders wherein the official schemes do not meet their needs.. A special blank is listed, requesting all applicants to make out the form ■ indicated. (DLC) 3909. Underground family shelters, THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, December 1, Vol. 1252, No. 3250, p. 9l*l Material for such shelters, the entrances, danger of gas after attacks, the cost, etc. are discussed. (DLC) 3910. Your home as an air raid shelter (Miscellaneous) Great Britain, Air Raid Precautions Department 19U0, London, H. M. Stationery Office (Available at British Libr ary of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York,' N. Y.) SHELTERS - SANITATION 3911h. Dennis Gully-emptier for air-raid shelter sanitation THE COMMERCIAL MOTOR Jhöndön) ' 19Ul, July 11, p. 1*75, illus. The construction of the Gully-emptier is described and instructions given for the method of operation of this special device which simplifies the problem of air-raid shelter sanitation. (DLC) 434 SHELTERS - SANITATION 3912. Health in Britain, disease falls below f38 level despite lag in shelter clean up • NEWSWEEK (New York) 1941, February 3j Vol, 17, No, 5,‘P* 26, illus.- The inadequacy of sanitary measures for shelters. (DLC) 3913• Improved sanitation Foster, Thomas THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1941, May 16, Vol. 128, No. 3326, p. 560-• * A metal container which is detached and portable can be used as a chemical closet. (DLC) 3914. Let '.'blitz" failures .show the way to social betterment LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE (London) • ': 1940, December, Vol. 20, No, 12, p, 263 The maintenance of health is the outstanding problem in bombed areas. Overcrowding and poor -water closet ventila- tion given as causes for infections. Two solutions are urged, "the use of forced ventilation, and the installation of water closets in preference to chemical ones”. (DLC) 3915* Nature calling in the shelter THE LANCET (London) ,1 • ■ 1939, October 7, Mol. 237, No. 60.58, p. 807 The problems’ of sanitation and ventilation have arisen in air raid shelters and trenches, which have been excavated in places below the level of sewers, etc. Clay favors chemical water closets for shelters and trenches. The advantages are, being considered, (DLC) 3916. Sanitation for air raid shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) • • 1939,‘May 5, Vol. 48, No'. 2414, p. 1022 Describes Elsan Chemical Closet's, which are’ said to meet desirable hygienic standards in a covenient and inexpensive way, (DLC) 3917* Sewage disposal from air raid shelters THE SURVEYOR (London). 1941* duly- 18, Vol, C, Mo.- 2$82, p. 24, illus. Sewage disposal from air raid shelters as a major problem is U35 SHELTERS — SANITATION being solved successfully in the Borough of Stepney by the use of three Dennis 600 gallon gully emptiers. (DfR) 3918. A shelter dictator wanted THE BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London) 19i|0, December 7, No. Ul70, pp. 790-791 The overcrowding of shelters; the lack of sanitary provisions; general intolerable conditions. (DSG) SHELTERS, SCHOOL, See SCHOOLS SHELTERS, STEEL AND IRON 3919. Air raid shelter use in home serves as a table in daytime POPULAR MECHANICSTChlcaio)" 19l|l, June, Vol, 7J?, No. 6, p. 16 An air raid shelter 6y by k ft. constructed of steel has been developed in England, It is a combination table and bomb shelter accommodating two adults and two children,(DLC) 3920. Anderson shelters THE SURVEYOR (London) 19U1, May, Vol. XCIX, No. 2$7k, p. 33U Many people who at one time occupied Anderson shelters, left them thinking it was impossible to construct them waterproof. After a careful check up of this situation it has been ascertained that they can be effective if construction is carried out fairly and accurately. (DPR) 3921. The Anderson steel shelter THE ENGINEER (London] 19U0, July 9, Vol. CLXX, No. UU03, p. 1 The Anderson steel shelter was originally designed by a Mr. Wm, Patterson at the behest of Sir John Anderson. The idea was to take air raid protection to the people by means,of portable shelters. (DLC) 436 SHELTERS - STEEL AND IRON 3922. Cardiff objections to steel shelter forms THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (Tcndony • 1939, March 17, Vol. 48, No. 2407, p. 623 Objection is being raised by members of the Cardiff City Council to the method of distribution by the Home Office of steel ARP shelters. Claimed that money is being wasted, municipalities stampeded, and shelters being imported into Cardiff when they might be made in the city. (DLC) 3923. The erection of Anderson shelters in houses In Institution of Municipal and County Engineers. Journal. (London) 1941, March 4, Vol. LXVII, No. 10, p. 233 Choice of room for the shelter, method of installation, amount of protection furnished by Anderson shelters. Rou- tine matters of installation, materials required, (DLC) 3924» Indoor anti debris shelters THE ENGINEER (London) 1941, April 11, Vol. CLXXI, No. 444Ö, p. 235 The Government’s recent announcement that it "proposed to manufacture and distribute a new type of steel air raid shelter for erecting indoors to give effective protection against debris from collapse" has caused many manufacturers to submit designs for such shelters. The Ministry will test such designs, but approval does not guarantee that the Government can allocate controlled materials for the purposes of manufacture. (DLC) 3925. Public and private shelter TIME AND TIDE (London) 1941, February 15, Vol. 22, No. 7, p. 122 The new indoor steel "table shelters" are qualified to meet the problem of warmth, ventilation, sanitation and conven- ience that can never be wholly solved in crowded public shel- ters. (DLC) 3926, Sectional steel shelters. Report upon investigations of the standard protection afforded. (Cmd. 6055) Great Britain. Parliament 1940, London, H. M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y.) 437 SHELTERS - STEEL AND IRON 3927. Shelters by "Magister" LOCAL GOVERMENT SERVICE (London) 1940, April, Vol, 20, No. 4, p. 110 An outline of the procedure in obtaining an air raid shelter. Local warden makes survey and reports to the "Magister" who decides on the number of houses requiring steel shelters, tubular equipment, and brick protection. A requisition is then sent to the government for steel shelters and a memo- randum to the borough engineer regarding tubes and bricks. (DLC) 3928. Steel for air .raid shelters THE COLLIERY GUARDI U^TLondon) 1939, January 20, Vol. 153, No. 4071, p. 133 The Air Raid Precautions Department announces that arrange- ments have been made with the steel industry for the supply of steel shelters, and that they will be provided by the Government for the protection against blast and splinters, from bombs and from falling debris from damaged buildings. (DLC) 3929. Testing portable shelters THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAhTLondon) 1939, January 20, Vol, 48, No, 2399, p. 160, illus. All-steel sectional she].ters provide a good means of protec tion from flying splinters and falling masonry. (DLC) SHELTERS, SURFACE 3930. Steel door for surface shelters THE" ARCHITECT AND BUILDING’nEVJS (London) 1941, March 14, Vol. CLX7, No. 3769, p. 182 This article gives a dravdng of Messrs. Henry Hope and Sons new steel door for surface shelters; this door has a clear- ance at top and bottom for ventilation. It also has a com- bination door-stop and latch-keep. (DLC) 3931* The surface shelter in winter THE SURVEYOR ("London] 1941, February 21, Vol. XCIX, No. 2561, p. 143 Brick and concrete surface shelters constructed during the 438 SHELTERS, SURFACE early days have not withstood the rigors of severe weather. Improvements on existing structures under way to combat damp, comfort-less refuges. Treatment of walls, floors, roofs, approaches to pavements, use of damp-proof courses, protective coatings, etc., employed. (DPR) SHELTERS, TRENCH 3932. ARP trenches THE ARCHITECT & BUILDING NEWS (London) 1939, January 20, Vol. CLVII, No. 3657, p. 94 A committee from the National Federation of Building Trade Operatives has condemned ARP trenches in parks and open spaces. These trenches were hastily dug’ in September, and have since been neglected. The committee is trying to im- press upon the government the need of turning these trenches into modern air raid shelters, and at the same time giving employment to workers, ( DLC) 3933* Building in wartime THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, November 10, Vol. 125, No. 3247, p. 833, illus. Gravel is considered a powerful absorbant in the resistance of air shock waves; therefore where trench shelters are , approximately 4 feet apart, the space between may be filled in or lined with gravel. (DLC) 3934* Communal trench shelters THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AMD BUILDER (London) 1939, November 3, Vol, 125, No. 3246, p. 801 Trench shelters are described as air raid shelters in the form of a covered trench below ground, or partly or wholly above ground, and earth covered. The description is not of ordinary trenches. (DEC) 439 SHELTERS, TRENCH 3935. Looking north THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 24, Vol. 48, No, 2408, p. 980 Bradford is one of the towns in receipt of garden shelters which are in course of delivery to the extent of 13,000. Practically all the trenches were filled in, but recently the City Engineer submitted to a special committee schemes for the construction of permanent trenches on all sites and the construction of an underground garage which would be available as an underground shelter in emergency. (DLC) 3936. News from everywhere THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, May 26, Vol, 124, No. 3223, p. 1408 In Manchester the Director of Housing recommends that trench shelters be supported with corrugated steel arches. He sug- gests 6 inches of reinforced concrete with a covering of 2g feet of earth. (DLC) SHELTERS, UNDERGROUND 3937. ARP tunnel plan HIGHWAYS AND BRIDGES (London) 1939, February 22, Vol. 5, No. 242, p. 5 Bomb-proof tunnels and underground car-parks proposed to provide air raid refuge. Six miles of tunneling and four garages in the plan. If necessary, extra protection can be furnished by car-parks built above the shelters and filled with rough broken stone. (DLC) 3938, Birmingham, A. R, P. THE ARCHITECT AND BUILDING NEWS (London) 1939, Maren 3, Vol. CLVII, No. 3663, p. 265 A proposal to build two tunnels, one to shelter 4,600 during an air raid, the larger one would shelter 24,000; this would also relieve .traffic congestion; work on the smaller one will proceed at once. This can be used "as a sewer in the future" The Home Office is not favorable to the larger shelter, (DLC) kho SHELTERS, UNDERGROUND 3939. Deep shelter moves in three cities THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (Lbndan) 19Ü0, October 18, Vol. 127, No. 3296, p. hhQ It is estimated that the construction of deep shelters would cost between fc6 and L8 per person. In some places there are no funds for the building of shelters, (DLC) 39UO, Deep tunnel shelters - Speedy repair work THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER~ÖÜöndon) I9U, May 23, Vol. GXZVlII, No. 3327, p. 992 Cheshire county approves schemes for deep tunnel shelters. (DLC) Notes on the construction of tunnel shelters in Stockport Gardner, William F,, and Whitaker, E. C, In INSTITUTION OF MUNICIPAL AND COUNTY ENGINEERS. JOURNAL. . "(London) 19Ü0, July 16, Vol. LXVII, No. 2, pp. 3W0 Article contains general information as to arrangement of shelters, tools and plants, ventilation, lavatory accommoda- tion, entrances, tunnel lining, lighting, seating, warden’s or steward’s posts, first aid posts. Cost considerable lower than trench shelter. (DLC) Structural principles of ARP THE ILLUSTRATED* CARPENTER A L BUILDER (London) 1938, June 2h,Vol, 122, No. 3179, p. 1832 Underground shelters are considered safe from blast and splinters, and the building of a super-structure.over the shelter would have a tendency to cause the bomb to burst before penetrating into the earth, brick, or concrete of the shelter, (DLC) Underground shelters in Glasgow THE ILLUSTRATED- CARPENTER, AMD BUILDER (London) 1?I|0, October 11, Völ. 127, No. 3299, p. R20 ■Protest against lack of underground shelters has been made by the National Union of Municipal and General Workers of Scot- land, (DEC) 441 SHELTERS, UNDERGROUND 3944. Water, water everywhere THE TRANSPORT WORLD'TLoridon) 1939, October 12, Vol. 86, No. 2757, p. 200 The main danger of underground tunnels is the possibility of floods. ’ "The Tubes are surrounded by liquids of all sorts, the Thames at Charring Cross and Waterloo, water mains in every direction, underground rivers and gigantic sewers, in some cases only a few inches below the floor of a sumptuous ticket hall. (DLC) SHELTERS - VENTILATION 3945» Air raid shelter air purification ENGINEERING, (London) 1941, July 25, Vol. 152, No. 3941, p. 66, illus. One of the essential requirements in air-raid shelter is an adequate ventilating system which will be effective for purifying normal and contaminated air. Describes a venti- lating system designed to meet this requirement. (DLC) 3946. Air raid shelter ventilation HEATING - PIPING & AIR CONDITIONING (Chicago) 1941, March, Vol. 13, No. 3, p. 159 This article deals with a new branch of ventilation, air raid shelter ventilation, and the rules and regulations governing same« (DLC) 3947. Building in wartime THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, December 1, Vol, 125, No. 3250, p. 941 When confined in a sealed shelter the body throws off heat and moisture, a feeling of distress will be noticeable be- fore the .air is.actually poisoned. As carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increases the oxygen decreases. The atmos- phere then becomes dangerous. (DLC) 442 SHELTERS - VENTILATION 3940. Les conditions de la vie dans les abris (Living.conditions in shelters) LA PRESSE MEDICARE (Paris) 1939, Vol. 47, pt. 2, pp. 1650-1653, illus..., charts Study of atmospheric conditions: chemical and physical , changes. Illness attributable to these changes. Con- trolling presence of carbon dioxide. (DLC) 3949. La protection, contrę 1'oxyde de corbone, des occupants dT abris souterrains ante nege on vue de la defense passive (Protection against carbon dioxide, for occupants of underground shelters.) BULLETIN DE L'ACADEMIE DE MEDECINE (Paris) 1936, 3rd series, Vol. 116, pp. 870-5 In addition to (l) mechanical resistance, (2) prevention of contamination of interior atmosphere by exterior products, (3) maintenence of proper balance between oxygen anhydride of carbon and humidity in the air, (4) maintaining the temperature of that atmosphere at highest degree of effi- ciency, shelters should provide protection against carbon • ; .dioxide released directly or indirectly by explosives. (DSG) . * a v 3950. Raschet poter* napora fil1tro ventiliatsionnoi’ustanovki.v ubezhishchakh'(Computing pressure losses of filter-ventilator plants in shelters); [ . , .: ■ ’ ,, Nekrasov and Malinin .. .. VESTNIK PRCTIV0V0ZDUSHN0I 0B0R0NY (Moscow) ; 1938, No. 5, pp. 36-39, illus., tablęs, charts The authors discuss the problems of equipping shelters with proper filter-ventHating systems. Air intake, exhausts, filters, and resistances are discussed, (DLC) 3951. Shelter ventilation - : NATURE (London) ' ■ : 1940, December 7, Vol. 146, p. 733-7. (DLC) 3952. Uber den Staubgehalt in luftschutzraumen (Concerning the dust content in air raid shelters) MÜNCHENER MEDIZINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT (Munich) 1937, August, Vol. 84, pp. 1371-1372 The rapidity with which virus organisms multiply in warm, dust-laden shelters. (DSG) U*3 SHELTERS - VENTILATION 3953. Ventilating s_ystem for air raid shelters THE* ENGINEER (LonaonJ" I9I1I, July it, Vol, CLXXII, .No. UU60, ,p. it A "Raidsafe" shelter has. been invented which combines an efficient system of ventilating and purification of the air in cąse of possible gas attacks. The essential features of the shelter are, (1) an impeller unit, (2) air control arrangements, and (3) air filtering arrangements. (DLC) 395>U. Ventilation of air-raid shelters ■ Gibbon, Co " 1 "' ' In INSTITUTION OF HEATING. AND VENTILATING ENGINEERS. JOURNAL. (London) 19Ul, April, Vol. 9, No. 98, pp. 29-52, illus., charts, tables. (DLC) ' 3955.. Vosstanovlenie vozdukha v ubezhischakh ot O. V, (Regeneration of air in shelters) Milovidov, A. S. VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBORONY (Moscow) 1937> No, pp. 19-2u, illus., tables; One of the chief problems of shelters construction is the regeneration of air. The author suggests that the various techniques used by the msballhrglcal and other industries, throughout the .world which are concerned with protection against gases be studied .mere intensively, in order to solve the ,many problems of shelter '.ventilatiohi ‘The . author goea . ■ into great, detail in discussing the air needs of a human beings the air •changes, processes of respiration, oxygen supply, substances used for oxidation of carbonnonoxide, various filtering and ventilating installations, as well as specific .considerations-for the ventilation of shelters. The author presents'several exercises for the solution of specific shelter ventilating problems and proceeds to solve them with the aid of. given formulas. The installations manufactured by various firms are also disc.ussęd. (DLC) uuu SHELTERS - WATERPROOFING 395>6, Asphalt in underground shelter construction HIGHWAYS AND BRIDGES (London) 19U1, February 12, Vol. VII, No, , p. 3, Use of asphalt in construction of underground air raid shelters: its waterproof qualities; its ability to with- stand movements and stress without cracking. Strongly rec- ommended also in that it makes for easily cleaned hygienic • floors. Its application for dampproofing, external and the internal tanking excellent. (DPR) 395>7. Waterproofing of concrete shelters THE PARTHENON Tloüdön) March, Vol, XV, No. 6, pp. 6^-68 Instructions for making structures water tight, (DLC) 395>8. Waterproofing of shelters THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) I9IRL, May 30, Vol. 128, No. 3328, p. 622 Newport building surface shelters in residential areas. (DLC) SIGNS Identification signs for ARP vehicles MOTOR TRANSPORT (LondonJ 19U0, March 30, Vol. 70, p. 8, illua. Vehicles used by police, fire services, and civil defense authorities may be fitted with these, signs, which take the form of a headlight masked so as to display the lettering. Lettered plates for all services available. Product of Joseph Lucas, Ltd,, Birmingham. (DLC;) 3960, Nado imet1 edinye uslovnye znaki po mestnoi PV0 (The need for uniform conventional signs in ARP services) * Vorob’ev VESTNIK PROTLVOVOZDUSHNOI 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1938, No. 9, pp. U5-U9, illus. This author recommends the adoption of a uniform system of signs and insignia for use by local ARP units.The designa- tions for these signs are as foliowa; (1) headquarters, (2) command positions, (3) emblems of special ARP services, (U) ARP fomaticns, (5) autos and trucks, (6) m ardiln g movements of basic 445 SIGNS units of ARP, (7) fighting formations of units, (8) meteor- ology, (9) ARP stations, (10) field of action and destruc- tion, These headings are broken down further for specific and more detailed points. The signs and emblems are drawn opposite each heading. (DLC) 3961, Public lighting THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, August l6, Vol. 49, No, 2483, p. 1072 Following extensive experimental work, a method has been devised to light public signs and still comply with blackout regulations. This article is a technical discussion as to how the results were accomplished. (DLC) SOCIAL PROBLEMS. See also EVACUATION - SOCIAL PROBLEMS 3962, Britain's "tough guys" find energy outlet in youth service corps . NEWS CHRONICLE (London) 1941, March 13, No. 29,594, p. 5 Service of youths who heretofore had too much time on hand and did not have proper recreation facilities. (DLC) 3963. British refugees TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 1939, September 23, No. 1273, p. 381 Problems of the citizen forced to give up residence and occupational activities for war reasons, (DLC) 3964. Evacuation problems • Little, E. Graham ■ • ■ THE LANCET (London) 1939, November 18, Vol. 237, No. 6064, p.’1090 Attention called to psychological problems brought about by separation of young married people; epidemilogical problems resulting from overcrowded vehicles and shelters. Consideration of these problems by some professional group demanded. (DLC) 3965. Social work in raid shelters NATIONAL INSURANCE GAZETTE (London) 1941, April 10, Vol. 30, No. 5108, p. 174 Social workers' experience among shelter populace very grati- 446 SOCIAL PROBLEMS Lying, Untold opportunities for improvement of slum condi- tions, and practice of preventive medicine. (DLC) 3966, War arid the family AMERICAN SOCIOLOGICAL REVIEW (Menasha,Wis.) 1941, June, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 330-344 The far reaching effects on the child of the father's activ- ity in war; influence of war on formation of new .families; air raids and family life; effect of war on the status of men. (DSG) SPOTTERS 3967, Anti air raid THE AMERICAN OBSERVER (Washington, D.C.) 1941, April 28, Vol, 10, No. 32, p, 4 The possibility of air raid attacks on the United States while remote, may be probable. Therefore this country* is building up a system of air raid defenses which is designed to deal with any raids that night-war bring on-. The defense program will consist of an interceptor, pursuit squadrons, anti-air craft guns, and battalions of barrage balloons. To do this work effectively volunteer civilians observers will be employed, and will locate the. enemy as soon as*he appears, and keep, the army informed of his movements, (DLC) 3968, Automatic fire-bomb detection . BUSINESS (London) ■ 1941, January, Vol. LXXI, No. 1, p. 23 It is impossible for A.F.S. to leave the areas in which they are living to be night-bomb spotters in large London firms. Because of this there has, been invented an automatic fire-bomb detector which can .and is used by many large businesses with a human watcher in order to safeguard the buildings. If a fire bomb falls on the roof, its very first flicker of light is instantly picked up by sensitive cell and relayed to sound an alarm bell in the air raid shelter or other selected spot where the- watcher can be waiting in safety. (DLC) Compulsory fire watch THE MNCHE3TER GUARDIAN (London.) 1941,. March 28, No. 29,43?, p. 4 The compulsory order is to provide watchers for corporation kU7 SPOTTERS property and empty buildings. City has suffered great damage due to slowness in which volunteers reported. Registration of 20,000 men between 18 and 60 to do U8 hours, a month. (DLC) 3970, Fire THE WORLD’S CARRIERS (London) 19U0, October lU, Vol. XXXVII, No, U33, p. 1$ An order under the Defense Regulations provides that there shall be a fire watcher, present at all times in all premises employing more than 30 persons, or in a warehouse of greater capacity than 5>0,000 cubic feet, or in any sawmill or lumber- yard containing more than 5>0,000 cubic feet of timber, (DLC) 3971. Fire prevention THE BRITISH AND COLONIAL PRINTER (London) 19U1, March 6, Vol. 128, No. 6U6, p. 8l Compulsory civilian conscription resorted to (in Prevention Order #69) to help fight fires resulting from enemy action. Such action had to be taken because crowded areas generally take care of fires, but factory areas (especially after working hours) are generally deserted, thereby en- abling fires to gain headway, (DLC) 3972, Fire prevention THE CAXTON MAGAZINE (London) 19U1, February, Vol. XLIII, No, 2, p. 1> In this article certain relevant points are referred to concerning the new order. Suggestions for special provision to be made for those who are affected by the order regarding "Tire spotters"'. Compulsion ought not bo needed to ensure 9. oil- helpful and self-protective activity. Adequate training is also another obvious necessity. (DLC) 3973. Fire watching in schools TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT (London) 19la, Kay 3, No. 1337, p. 210 Recruiting fire prevention parties; problems of age, selection and expense. (Di.C) ilis SPOTTERS 397U- Local authorities and fire watching THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL Tlondon) 19hl, January 31, Vol. h9, No. p. 131 ..Describes terms of the Fire Prevention (Business Premises) Order, made by the Minister of Home Security, which make arrangements for fire-watching and fire fighting. Under supervision of local authorities. (DLC) 3975- RolT grazhdanskogo naseleniia v sisteme VNOS (The role of the civilian population in relation to observation and communica- tion services) Vasiuköv, VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBORONY (Moscow) 1938, No. 1;, pp. 23-2h The author stresses the importance of observation and com- munication services in ARP and asks wrhat role the civilian population can play in assisting the regular anti-air raid defense. The following are some of the conclusions: (1) the participation of the civilians in observation service must be organized, (2) advance training must be given to those interested in these services, (3) the aid that civil- ians can give must express itself in precise and brief state- ments about the enemy planes along three points: how many, in what direction and at what time. (DLC) 3976, Secret ARP decree ' THE DAILY jMAIL (London) I9I4I, March 7, No. 13,998, p. 3 The necessity of compulsory enrollment of fire-watchers in some areas. These include places other than business --.premises and badly blitzed areas. (DLC) 3977. Siużaba nabliude ilia i razvedki na uchastke mestnoi PVO (observation and reconnaissance services of a local ARP unit) Kalmykov, A, . VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBOROMf (Moscow) 1938, No. h, pp. 33-3U According to the author, rthq basic problems of a local ARP observation and reconnaissance service are; (1) observation of the place of attack and notifying the proper headquarters 449 SPOTTERS as to the exact location, the character and general range of the attack, (2) Reconnaissance of place of attack and timely enclosure of same. (3) Giving the warning,of a gas attack and the "all clear" signal, (4) Listing the casual- ties in dwellings, schools, stores, and small offices of the given district and communicating this information to proper authorities. (5) Assisting and cooperating with other sections of ARP, (QLC) 3978. Use blind men as air raid spotters THE FI5HERMAN-MDRKERS TRIBUNE , 1941, March 28, Vol. 4, No. 13, p. 5 Due to the fact that blind men have keen ears they are being officially employed as spotters by the Royal Air Force, The approach of raiders ~ recorded on delicate instruments - is more easily heard by these men, (DLC) STREET LIGHTING, See BLACKOUT' - LIGHTING - STREET LIGHTING STRUCTURAL PRECAUTIONS.' See also SHELTERS 3979. Air defense and the civil population Hyde, H, B, and Nut all, R, F, 1936, London, Cresset Press, pp . 215 The strategy and effect of air bombardment; methods of collec- tive and individual protection; plans for structural precau- tions for old and new buildings; the gas proof room as the first line of defense for civil population; governmental, semi—private, and private responsibility for providing shelters. (D3G) 3980. Air raid damage as builders see it Castle, Sydney 3, THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1941, March 14, Vol. CXXVIII, No. 3317, p. 294 "Unlike brick work, which is monolithic and flexible and therefore liable to crack or sever at the least strain, wood construction depends on a series of vulnerable joints, which, under momentary reaction, are free to open and shut with some degree of shock absorbing elasticity. Jointed 450 STRUCTURAL PRECAUTIONS structures having less resistance than composite or monolithic structures, are less liable to be destroyed in a stroke. The explosive force, as radiated from the bomb center, is conduct- ed , as it were from joint to joint and so lessened in veloci- ty, These conclusions are drawn from observations of damage after raids. (DLC) 3981. Air raid precautions In Royal Institute of British Architects. Journal, (London) 1938, June 27, Vol, 45, 3rd series, No., 16, pp. 779-780 A summary of the proceedings of the Royal Institute of British Architects Conference, (l) Emphasis on the impor- tance of the conference on structural precautions in for- tifying against aerial attacks, (2) Emphasis on the profes- sional architects’ moral and civil obligation to cooperate in providing protection for civilians, (DLC) 3982, Air raid precautions as a problem for the architect Scott, Thomas S. In Royal Institute of British Architects, Journal, (London) 1938, June 27, Vol, 45, Series 3, No. 16, pp, 783-786 The problems faced by the Institute of British architects in devising plans for structural protection against air raids. Research findings of the structural precautions committee. Explanations of the three types of bombs and protections against them. High-lights on the building of bomb-proof shelters. (DLC) 3983. ARP In Royal Institute of British Architects. Journal, (London) 1939, April 24, Vol, 46, No, 12, p. 584 The importance of the Government's Civil Defense Bill is noted and especially certain provisions of the bill which concern architects. The Royal Institute of British Archi- tects and the principal allied societies provide the only technical information on structural ARP (DLC) 3984. The ARP house THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1940, January 5, Vol. 126, Noy 3255, p. 8 The Clay Products Technical Bureau of Great Britain have issued 451 STRUCTURAL PRECAUTIONS a Bulletin dealing -with’ reinforced brickwork generally (giving: design .exainpii.es. and specimen calculations) and other bulletins 'dealing- with the application of reinforced brick— work to: ARP problems. (DLC ) . ■ gp ■, 3985. ARP protective walls BUSINESS (London) ’ . • 1941, January, Vol, 71, No, 1, p. 26 ■ ' , Advantages and. disadvantages' of three'types of walls, (l) full height, walls; ,(2) .half height walls (6 ft. - S ft.); (3) dwarf-walls (2 ft. 6 in. to 4 ft.' 6 in. ),• (DLC) 3966. Asbestos cement . ' , THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, April ?, Vol. CXXIV, No. 3216, p. 892 There are four groupings for asbestos products which aye- . distinguished, as follows-: 1, Structural units as .roofings walls. 2, Fireproofing materials, ,3.« "Katerials used in heat insulating., 4» Sound absorption. (DLC) r- if; . -■ i, . ... , , ■ . . " , ; i ;;;;; , 3987• Bautechnischer Luftshcut2 (Technical construction for aerial defense) VSRKEriRSTECHNlK .(Berlin) ■ : ; : 1934/ September 3, Vol. 15/Copy 17, u. 460' ' ; ' V " Scientific considerations of trie best methods for. building • plans, and materials against the perils of aerial •bombard- ' - merits. (DPR) ; ; ' * ■ • * •• • , 3988, Bomb-resistant house set up in 23 minutes POPULAR MECHANICS (Chicago) "iff ■ 12-41,.. June, .Vol.-75p No. 6, p. 26. The ntentn a back vark shelter in constructed of 3 inch reinforced concrete; protects against anything except a direct»hit. heft-bomb proof three room house .offering pro- tection against all but heavy flying fragments can be erect- ed in 23 minutes. (DLC) 3989# Brick is in every way •desirable-for .safety in air raid bombing BRICK _AND“cLAY : RECCED (‘Chicago): ’ ■ 1940, September, Vol, 97, No, 3, p. :35' v In Washington, Army officials claim that clay construction 452 STRUCTURAL PRECAUTIONS is too expensive, requires -too long a time for erection and is not bomb proof. However, England is having great success with the permanency of its shelters which are bomb proof and built of brick, and has found masonry construction is in every way desirable for safety in air raid bombings, (DEC) 39’90. Building in wartime Luca's,-' Edgar THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, October 20, Vol. CXXV, No. 3244, p. 735 Durasteęl is a composition using compressed asbestos sand- wiched between two sheets of steel. It has been thoroughly tested with'thermite and-has. demonstrated its fire prevention properties, (DLC) 3991, Building in wartime * • * THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939, November 3, Vol. 125, No. 3246, p. B03 Various types of material are used for trench shelter-lining, such as, corrugated sheet iron, steel, brick, cement, rein- forced concrete slabs, and precast concrete cement. (DLC) 3992, Civilian defense; protective construction. (Structures series bulletin No. lc) . United States, Department of War, 1941. Washington, D.C„, pp. 36, diagrs,, plans, bibl. Describes types of air weapons and their* effects on struc- tures; structural precautions against air attack; the design . and construction of air raid shelters. (DLC) 3993, Clay gives strength arid fire safety to industrial defense con- struction BRICK AND CLAY RECORD (Chicago) ■ 1941, May, Vol. 93, No. 5, pp. 15-24, illus. (DLC) 3994, Clay masonry not bomb proof BRICK AND CLAY RECORD•(Chicago) - • 1940, August, Vol. 97, No. 2, p.. 17 ■ The War Department has put "thumbs down" on brick masonry because they claim that it is not bomb proof. This is contradicted by STRUCT JRAL PRECAUTIONS advices from England, in that they have■built air raid shel- ters, and other structures in danger of bombing, out of brick which proves to be very satisfactory and economical. It -was further stated that no construction is completely safe against a direct hit by bomb. But the best to be found thus far is brick masonry, (DLC) 3995* Conference on structural air raid precautions. In Royal Institute of British Architects, Journal, (London) 1938, June 27, -Vol. U5, 3d series, No. 16, pp, 006-331 Second' session June lU, 193c, at 2 p.m. Subject:1 Application of ARP to building practice, A discussion of the scientific principles of ARP with recommendations for the practical application of these principles. Primary aims of ARP are to protect the structures and their contents from damage, to prevent injuries and fatalities to civilians. The type of building to be constructed. Third session, June 1,3, 1938, at 10 a.m, Subject: Protected accommodations in existing buildings# Emphasizes the many points that an architect has to consider when attempting to render old buildings safe from air raids. Some of the points discussed are location, amount of fire protection, window space, architectural features such as gables, chimneys, etc. The architect has to consider if the old sum.cdw can be gas proofed, the degree, of protection from incendiary bombs, if .the building can be rendered reasonably safe from destruction by aerial.attacks* Fourth session, June 13', 1938, at'2 p.m. Subject: Consideration of ARP in special types of buildings. The construction of the typical elementary school is not adaptable to modifi- cation for air .raid protection. The Structural Precautions Committee has found possible ways to strengthen structurally the new schools. Factories: In the ARP construction of factories consideration must be given to protecting the personnel, the machinery, stores; control of fire; proper, location of certain important units so that there may be a model, for duplication. Warehouses: preventing fire caused by incendiary bombs was the central point in this conference discussion. Offices; One of the chief con- siderations is the protection of personnel; location of safes. Flats and tenements, places of entertainment, other buildings were discussed in detail. Hospitals present a difficult task because the occupants have to remain in them, '(ULC) , STRUCTURAL PRECAUTIONS 3996. A design for a wartime house In Royal Institute of British Architects. Journal, (London) 19lil, February 10, Vol. 1+8, No. I4, p. 57 Through observation and study of the effects of bombing on ordinary houses, the resistance of structures to progressive collapse, and. the needs of the people for shelter and secur- ity in their homes, Mr, Riss developed a design for a war- time house, not conforming to the Ministry of Health Rural Housing type. A description is given of the construction and peace time adaptation. (DLC) 3997. Economical type, designs in structural steelwork for single storey factories. In Royal Institute of British Architects. Journal. (London) 19li0, May 20, Vol. k7, No. 7, p. 16U, diagrs. This abstract consists of verbatim extracts from the orig- inal bulletin, containing the following topics; "1. Intro- duction. 2. ARP considerations (a) degree of protection re- quired, (b) minimising effect of a direct hit, (c) treatment of glazing, (d) camouflage. 3» Types of design considered (a) monitor roof design, (b) simple, symmetrical truss, (c) symmetrical 'umbrella1 type trusses. U. Notes on the designs; daylighting, blackout; ventilation, etc. Appendix 1 day- lighting, for new war factories. Appendix 2. reinforced brick columns.” (DLC) 3998. Economics in steel construction THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 19U0, June, Vol. CXXVI, No. 3278, p. 758 "The very remarkable advance in recent years in tubular scaffolding has fixed attention upon the use of tubes as constructional sections. For the purpose of support of basements, particularly of lighter type for ARP shelters very handy constructions have been evolved.” (DLC) 3999. Grundlagen des bautechnischen luftschutzes; einfuehring in die theorie und in die konstruktiven auf gaben des Schutzes der bauwerke vor Luftangriffen. (Fundamentals of structural tech- niques in air raid .protection; an introduction into the theory and structural problems of protection of buildings against air raids) Vieser, Wilhelm Berlin, Zement Verlag, Ltd., 1935* pp. 56 The following is a table of contents and brief summary of the ten chapters of this booklet: 1, Luftgefahr und Luftschutz (Air raid danger and protection) Adaptability of building techniques in 455 STRUCTURAL PRECAUTIONS defense against explosive, incendiary, gas, and other bombs of various weights, 2, Staedtebau Landesplanung Luftschutz (Building of cities and planning for air defense).* Dense building to be avoided; attention to be paid to space be- tween large, buildings and to the special provisions for splinter-safe walls and bomb-safe shelters. 3. Aufgaben und Grundlagen des Bautechnischen Luftschutzes (Problems and fundamentals of structural technique in protection against air raids) Builders and technicians to consider the means employed for protection of dwellings and shelters when build- ing any edifice. 4, Ballistische Grundlagen (Ballistic funda- mentals). Depth of penetration of projectiles, by all formulas to determine size. Recent trial results of explosive effects and of effect of air pressure. Measuring of- shock and of secondary effeęts. Summary of observations. $. Bemessung der Bauteile auf die unmittelbare Einwirkung von Spreng- bomben (Proportioning of structural parts to the direct effect of explosive bombs). This is done by the use of recently established algebraic formulas, but the process of determining the dimensions is still open to improvement. Iron and beton, or a combination of both, offer the best pro- tection against the effect of bombs, even at "full hits". 6. Bemessung der Bauwerke auf die mittelbaren Einwirkungen (Proportioning of structures to indirect effects), The calculation of indirect effects of impacts and shocks is more complicated. In this connection, the use of iron-beton for buildings is .especially recommended because of the great resistance of that material against hits,- shocks and fire. 7. Konstrucktions-systeme von Hochbauten (Construction systems for tall buildings), Reinforcement of floors and ceilings through layers of iron-beton especially for the lower floors and strong, firm walls play a prominent part in the construction of tail buildings, "Skeleton building system" is recommended as fulfilling most requirements for air protection and affording special safety against collapse, 8. Bau-elemente (Bullding-elements). These comprise- (a) ceilings and roofs of iron-beton; (b) packing-walls with beton layers at the outside; (c) protective walls of various strength and thickness. .9. Schutzalter geoaude und anderer bauwe.rke (Protection of old buildings and other structures). These comprise gas and water, conduit systems, water and other power stations, shelter buildings, channels, subways. 10, Zusammenfassung (Summary). Investigations showed the technical possibility of limiting the damage done to build- ings., by bombs* This.rests upon the introduction of scien- tific fundamentals of the structural technique in regard to the protection against air raids. (DIG)- 456 STRUCTURAL PRECAUTIONS 4000, Erstellung von Luftschutzräumen in Krankenanstalten (Establishing •air raid protection rooms in hospitalsj DEUTSCHE MEDIZINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT (Leipzig) 1935, February, Vol. 61, pp. 270-272 Reinforcing sections of hospital buildings; protective arrange- ...ments for windows and walls; preparation and extensive use of . basements; problems involved in old and new buildings; sub- divisions of an air raid safety room for hospitals. (DSG) 4001, Extracts from lecture on structural precautions and shelter protection in air raids Garforth, W, In Coventry Engineering Society. Journal. (Preston, England) 1939, March - April, Vol. 20, pp. 45-53 This article summarizes the general recommendations of the Government in the effort to safeguard against aerial attacks. Since air raids employ all methods of attack, shelters have to be built according to the effect of such attacks, A de- tailed- explanation of the type of explosive used and its effect. (DLC) 4002, The fire protection structural steelwork THE SURVEYOR (London) 1941, February 28, Vol. XCIX, No. 2562, p, 168 Bulletin No, 13 stresses structural precautions against fire damage to steel work. Various treatments are described and an explanation given of the means by which different degrees of protection are secured. A list given of firms carrying products prescribed. (DPR) 4003, Fire retardent timber THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1940, March 29, Vol. 126, No. 3267, p. 424 The British Standard Institution has made a test as applied to timber to retard its combustion and has found that it also can be applied to the roof and attic. In making the test, silicate paint was used, (DLC) 4004, General notes on ARP measures in existing buildings In Royal Institute of British Architects. Journal, (London) 1939, May 8, Vol. 46, No. 13, p. 664 The measures to be considered in existing buildings are outlined 457 STRUCTURAL PRECAUTIONS and an explanation is given of each. There are twelve main topics discussed, including the general aims required for making a structural ARP scheme for an existing building; (DLC) 4005* Gestaltung eines Wohnhauses aus beton nach den Gesichtspunkten der warme und Schalldämmung und des Luftschutzes (The construc- tion of concrete dwelling homes from the view point of heat, soundproofing and air raid protection) ZEMENT WOCHENSCHRIFT FÜR HOCH UND TIEFBAU (Berlin) 1938? January 13? Vol, 27? copy 2, pp, 23-26 Directions for building homes with special regard to heating, noise prevention and protective measures against light bombs and incendiary bombs. (DPR) 4006. Glass and concrete construction Gibbard, Frederick THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1941, May 30, Vol. 128, No. 3328, pp. 602-604 Single glass lenses for emitting light have been widely used in ARP construction, as it is not difficult to cast them into concrete roof slabs or walls. (DLC) • 4007. Ideas and inventions THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1941? April 18, Vol. 128, No. 3322, p. 446 "Bennieflex" is a combination of a felt impregnated with a bituminous material and galvanized iron wire netting. The wire being enclosed in the felt forms a valuable reinforce- ment against shock, "Bennieflex” is extensively used for blackout purposes; also used in covering roofs when stripped of tiles by air raid bombs. (DLC) 4008. Ideas and inventions THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1941, May 16, Vol. 128, No. 3326, p. 560 Glazing bar intended for new buildings with glass roofs for protection from falling splinters. (DLC) STRUCTURAL PRECAUTIONS 1+009. In the news. THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1939s June 2, Vol. 12k, No. 3221;, p. 11+36 The ARP has been active in the development of steel parts to be used in private basements to strengthen the resistance against bombing. (DLC) I4OIO. In the news THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER A77D BUILDER (London) 191+0, March 1, Vol. 126, No. 3263, p. 2?U Tests have been made to ascertain the resistance of glass and asphalt to incendiary bombs and it was found that tough- ened lenses framed in concrete offered complete resistance to incendiary substances and gas. (DLC) 1+011. Light buildings in wartime . THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 191+0, March 15, Vol. 126, No. 3265, p. 339 A word of warning has gone cut against the use of asbestos- cement, a composition using asbestos powder and considered unfit and too weak for proper resistance. (DLC) 1+012, Light buildings in wartime Lucas, Edgar THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 19l|0, May 3, Vol. 126,'No. 3272,;p. 568 In the construction of roofs, the writer states that a heavier or thicker felt with a canvas or asbestos fibre for a base gives added strength and is not easily damaged. This with a top coating of asphalt may well be considered a permanent, roof. (DLC) 1+013. Mauerdurchbrueche in luftschutz haben sich bewaehrt (Open breaks in walls are recommendable"protection in air attacks) . DEUTSCHE E.ĄJZEITUNG (Berlin) 191+0, November 27, Vol. 7k, No. 1+8, p. 586 * Major Schnell of the protective Police-staff points out that open passages through walls offer a safe escape for persons whose dwellings are breaking down under bombing. Moreover, shelters are to be made more comfortable with beds and other resting accommodations and with iron stoves. (DLC) STRUCTURAL PRECAUTIONS UOlMeasures of defense against aerial attack THE AMERICAN CITf (NEW YORK) 19lfl? July, Vo-1, 56, No. 7, pp. 85, 8?, 103, illus. Framed buildings of steel or reinforced concrete construction are relatively much less affected by direct hits than build- ings of wall bearing construction. Bomb fragments may pierce walls where the thickness is less than ■Ids» inches and protec- , tion can be given by the use of sandbag walls and is very effective against splinters. Sandbags should be considered a temporary expedient; while they may protect the contents from fragments of bombs they cannot prevent the entire build- ing from demolition. Houses should.be built.of framed, fire resistant construction, with walls of such thickness as to resist fragments, and roofs at least heavy enough to stop light ’ncendiary bombs. (DLC) t0l5. Plastering and wartime problems Ellis, E.^Hl THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 19h0, Ma 31, Vol. 126, No. 3276, pp. 710-712 Gypsum, a crystalline building material, is, a fire resisting stucco used in the construction of ARP housing, instead of the old time plastering. (DLC) lj.016. Protected spine, construction Davey, Norman . In Royal Institute of British Architects. Journal. (London) 1939, February 6, Vol. i+6, No. 7, p. 33Ü, illus., diagrs. Buildings should be designed so as to meet war conditions as well as peace. Main points to be considered for wartime structures; (a) the degree of resistance that the structures can offer to shock and to attack by incendiary bombs; (b) the degree of protection it can offer to its occupants during aerial bombardment; (c) the ease with which it can be reno- vated in the event of its having suffered structural damage. Methods are suggested for the achievement of these aims. (DLC) u017. Report on air raid precautions THE INSERT ItToFIP STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS 1939, London, institution of structural engineers, pp. 62, tables. Thu problems arising out of air raid precautions as affecting 460 STRUCTURAL PRECAUTIONS the structural engineer and his client. Part I ; (a) The weapons of aerial attack, (b) resistance of materials and structures. Part II; Recommendations for protecting exist- ing buildings, (a) strength and strutting of floors against collapse, (b) protection against blast and splinters, (c) protection against incendiary bombs, (d) protection against gas, (e) protection against high explosive bombs, (f) rela- tive merits of different types of buildings. Part VI, New buildings. (DLC) 4018. Der Schutzraurnbau (Construction of shelter areas) WIENER KLINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT (Vienna) 1939, December 22, Vol. 51, pp. 1150-1153 Problems in building to safeguard against bomb splinters, incendiary bombs and high explosive bombs. Protection for windows against bomb splinters; precautions against use of top floors of building during air attacks. (DSG) 4019. Some general principles of structural ARP Bird, Eric In Royal Institute of British Architects. Journal. (London) 1939, Vol. 45, Series 3, pp. 787-789 This is an address delivered at the Conference of the Royal Institute of British Architects. Reference made to.struc- tural air raid precautions, effects of bombs on the differ- ent types of buildings in Great Britain.. Detailed explana- tion of (l) the English town and the effectiveness of a high explosive bomb, (2) architectural design in ARP shel- ters, (3) number of occupants in a shelter, (4) what is to be considered an ideal ARP structure, (5) problems in con- structing ARP structures and protection from incendiary bombs. (DLC) 4020. The strengthening of existing buildings Glover, G. W. THE ARCHITECT AND BUILDING NEWS (London) 1939, May 19, Vol. I58, No. 3674, pp. 173-179, illus, tables Adjustable steel shores for bracing the flooring of build- ings to resist the shock force of bombing. There are tubu- lar 3 inch steel braces with base plates which are set and adjusted by a screw-jack device, which is easily set up. These shores have been tested by the Department of Scientif- ic and Industrial Research, and have been approved by the Gove rnment. (DLC) STRUCTURAL PRECAUTIONS U021, Structural air raid precautions In Royal Institute of British Architects, Journal. (London) 1939, June 26, Vóle'l;6, No. 16, pi 820 A report on conferences on structural ARP'held in London and the provinces. At London about 300, architects attended. Full proceedings sent to Home Office, In outlying areas;, (Derby, Lincoln, Nottingham, Belfast, Manchester, etc.) a total of more than l600 in attendance. Large,proportion of architects now familiar with aims of structural ARP,' (DLC) U022:,. ' Structural and other' precautions against air raid risk in hospitals WAR MEDICINE (Chicago) 19Ul, January, Vol, 1, No. 1, p, li|2 * In the construction of new hospitals the selection of a site is of the greatest importance, A skeleton frame build- ing is the type that offers the greatest resistance to blast pressure and is least likely to collapse completely. The buildings should be of fire resisting materials throughout. Roof light for operations should be dispensed with and windows should be designed in such a way that they cbuld be readily locked. In large hospitals, additional or alternative operating'rooms should be designated in as safe a position as possible. The basement should be so constructed as to be suitable for an air raid shelter,, (DLC) i;023* Structural precautions THE ARCHITECT 'AND BUILDING NEWS (London) 1939, March 3, Vol. CLXVII, No. 3663, p. 26£ Questions have arisen in the House of Commons regarding tests to be made "of the destructive powers of bombs when used against various kinds of structures". These tests have not been completed. Requests have been made "for research and advice in connection with air raid precautions1?. (DLC) I4JO2I4, Structural precautions at first aid posts, cleansing centers ' THE SÜRVETöiTn[Eöridön)~ * 19U1, February 21, Vol., XCIX, No. p„ l£0 General public which ‘must seek necessary treatment assured safety during prolonged periods of heavy air attacks by means of structural precautions at fixed and mobile first- aid posts and decontamination centers, etc.; aim being to create same confidence as enjoyed in other shelters, public or private. (DLC) STRUCTURAL PRECAUTIONS 14025« Wartime building technique THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 19140, August, Vol,. 127, No. 32:86, p.. 150 Wood, steel and concrete are three principal materials used in frame construction. Asbestos-cement is used extensively for roof covering. (DLC) I4O26.. , Wartime building technique - ties and strengthening Lucas, Edgar THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 191*1, March 7, VoU CXXVIII, No. 3316, p. 2.68, illus.,diagrs* Description given of the method used in strengthening buildings and placing the ties. Choice of materials such as.-, wall-plates,. Steel'and reinforced concrete frame buildinga have stood up well to bombing. In "Wartime Building Bulletin, No. 1" issued by the Department of Scientific Research, it is pointed out that for maximum resistance to direct hita the frame should not be subject to progressive failure. (DLC) 1*02.7 • Wood safety Struts: for houses THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 19141, May 2, Vol. 128, No. 3321*, p. 502. (DLC) l*02ß. Uses of timber in war Boulton, E. H. B.. THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 19U0, May 17, Vol, CXXVI, No. 32.71;, p. 632 An item stressing the* importance of the use of timber in the construction of certain wartime facilities. No substitute for timber can be used in the, erection of pylons, used for the purpose of warning the population of approach— ing air raids,because of the delicacy of the detection in- strument. It is the author's belief that such timber has been wasted in ARP work where a substitute might have been used. Other important uses of timber are in construction of bodies, and fuselages, of aeroplanes and propellers..; in the con- struction of ship stocks, wharves., railway sleepers, etc. The 1 author explains that pit-props are essential to the pro- duction of coal and guns. He states that there is a shortage of timber in England. (DLC) TOTO PLANNING 14029. Air raid and town planning THE JOURNAL (London) I9I4O, October 26, Vol. OI4No. I4.3, p. .,601 One of the most distressing features- of the results of enemy air attack is that the burden of destruction, with its attend- ant suffering has fallen on the poorer classes. It is urged that when the time comes all might be wiser to carry out a gigantic work or reconstruction, "planned to give space, sun- light and efficient movements between areas". The important 'part which the building industry will be called on to play, . .for efficiency, and economy is‘yet to be proposed. (DLC) I4.P3O. Evacuat ion town planning and the war Hobson, William A~, 7 POLITICAL QUARTERLY (London) I9I4O, January-March, Vol. XI, No, 1, pp. Study of British efforts to "decentralize" population and industry and the immediate effects of war emergency.' (DLC) 14031. In the news THE~ILLYST~ATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1938, December, Vol. CXXIII, No. 3201, p. 1?86 A comment on the times that the most popular argument in favor of town planning is that it will lessen the damage resulting from air attack, "This aspect of the. question, was the subject of an address by Sir Alexander Rouse, Chief Tech- nical Adviser of the ARP Department of the Home Office, at a meeting of the Town Planning Institute, when he said the ideals, of town planning should be to provide the maximum - ’ amount of open space compared with the area occupied by homes, and wide roads which would not be blocked by falling debris," 14032, Town planning, and ARPj criticism of trenches, shelters and hospital sites. - “ W. ~ ■ THE Mill ICTPaITJ0 URNAL (London) 1939; April 21, ‘Vol. I48, No. 2l;12, p. 896 Shelters are.considered, the main problem. Importance of maintaining services essential to community emphasized. Re- housing schemes new'contemplated may help solve problems. Outlines report of Government committee on structural pre- cautions against air attack, (DLC) TRAFFIC HAZARDS, See BLACKOUT - TRAFFIC HAZARDS TRANSPORTATION U033• Airport protection and defense THE.ENGINEER (London) 19hl, May 2,,Vpl. CLXXI, No. 1*1*51, p. 293 A condensation of an article appearing in the December issue of Civil Engineering (American Society of Civil Engineers Magazine) reveals that two distinctive types of protective measures are needed for airports, airfields., or air bases,viz.: (1) Bomb-resistant construction, and (2) active protection by means of aircraft and anti aircraft guns. Protection may be provided by: (1) aeroplanes at a near-by sub-airport; (2) anti aircraft artillery; (3) combat aeroplanes at the airport; (1*) concealment and camouflage; and (c.) bomb-proof shelters, (DLC) i*03i*. Air raid precautions, in London THE' LANCET (Londonr 1938, October 1$, Vol. 235, No. 16, p. 9lU Special measures for securing vehicles for towing trailer pumps, organizing hospital and ambulance transport, secur- ing drivers, and. purchasing equipment have been proposed by the Minister of Health, (DLC) 1*035. Air raids. • THE. MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, January 13, Vol. 1*8, No. 2398, p. 103 The Ministry of Transport indicates the possibility of the whole of the electric supply being interrupted, thereby shutting down trolley and bus service for a considerable period, in the event of an air raid. (DLC) 1*036, Air raid warnings - effect on transport MODERN TRANSPORT (London) 19l*0, September, Vol. XLI, No, 1123, p. 7 The Minister of Transport has disclosed the fact that work will be carried on during air raids; and that raids will not lessen the war effort. Only when the raids, become grave and acute will measures be taken to leave work. (DLC) TRANSPORTATION 14037# Anti-splinter protection THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 19U1, January 11,.Vol, LXXXIX,.No..2837, p. 5 Complaints among passengers on some transport undertakings, that the anti-splinter net fixed to the windows, of the vehicles makes it impossible to see out5, they cannot watch for their destinations and the net gives them a caged-up feeling. Peep-holes in the form of slits cut in the netting should meet passengers* objections. The netting offers sub- stantial protection against the danger of flying glass. An alternative is to replace all ordinary glass with the safety variety, (DLC) I4O38. ARP transport depots THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1939, February h, Vol..89, No. 2713, p. 61 Proposals are made to establish ARP emergency transport depots at Shirley and Portswood, from which the bulk of vehicles would be operated and maintained. (DLC) U039• ARP transport pool (Southampton managers.* schemes) THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1939, February U, Vol. 89, No. 2713, p. 6l A pool of 170 vehicles has been organized from which all ARP services would be provided with transport in a national emergency. Many volunteer drivers offered their services ’ and will receive anti-gas training. (DLC) UOI4O, Britain*s air policy; present and future Griffin, Jonathan 1939, London, Victor Gollancz, pp* 22k A proposal for the abolition of military air force and the internationalization of. civilian air transport. (DLC) UOUI. Die entwicklung des verkehrsrechts im kriege (Development cf traffic regulations in wartime) VERKEHRSTECHNIK (Berlin) I9I4I, January 20, Vol. 22., Copy 2, pp. 23-21; Plans for rerouting traffic from main thoroughfares; regulations for civilian and military vehicles; changes in railroad schedules; necessary rules for street railway traffic, (DSG) TRANSPORTATION U0I42, Evacuation THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1939, July, 13;, Vol. .86-, No. .27I4I,, p, hi One of the first wartime duties of transport undertakings- is to assist in the scheme of evacuation of citizens where railways, may not be available. (DLC) h0k3* Flood protection in London tubes THE' ENGINEERING JOURNAL (Montreal) 19i|0, February, Vol, 23, No, 2, p. 89 Tube tunnels installed under river provide isolation during an air raid by electrically-operated flood gates which can be closed at a moment's notice of warning. This device fur- nishes, protection from flooding in the event of damage to the tunnels under the river; gates’ designed to resist a force of more than 20,0 tons. (DLC) UOUU- Organizing transport for the ARP services THE MUNICIPAL JCURNAL~(London) 1939, February 2ij, Vol. 18, No. 2l0l, pp. Ul7—Ul9 Transport arrangements; a complete register of all transport vehicles, available; plans for putting voluntary transports on an established basis. (DLC). i;0ii5>, . 0 sberezhenii tekhniki PVO (Proper maintenance of garages, and machines in ARP service) ; Chistov, VESTNIK PROTIV0V0ZDUSHN0I 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1938, No. 3, p. 60 . The author of this letter to the editor, points out the important role, trucks and passenger cars play in the service- of ARP and suggests that more attention be paid to . ,-t the planning of garages, the proper maintenance of gasoline and other equipment, Regulations- for the order in which cars and trucks are to be kept, and general parking space utiliza- tion are also emphasized as playing an important rple in TRANSPORTATION retarding or facilitating the work of ARP, (DLC) I4.OI46. Protecting London tubes THE TRANSPORT WORLFTLondon) 1939, October 12, Vol. 86, No, 2757, p. 21$ Electrically operated flood-gates which can be closed across tunnels have been installed to enable the sections of lines between stations which run under the river to be isolated during an air raid and to prevent possible risk of flooding as the result of damage to the under-river tunnels» (DLC) U0U7. Road transport in an emergency THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1939, April 13, Vol. 85, No. 2.725, p. 212 This is a summary of the Ministry of Transport Handbook for the organization of goods transport in war. Arrangements are made for ARP, (DLC) UOI4.8•. Suggested help for passengers, in blackout THE'TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1939, October 28, Vol. 86, No. 2?60, p., 229 A resolution by the National Union of County Officers urges that unemployed and others should be enrolled to call out stopping places, to be in charge of the starting and stop- ping bell, and to answer general inquiries on trains and buses during the blackout. (DLC) UoU9- The underground services THE OBSERVElTXLondon) 19Ü0, September 1, No. 7788, p, 8 Restrictions- during air raids: erection of flood gates in underground tunnels; curtailment of train schedules; passengers, to avail themselves of other routes without additional cost. (DLC) U050» Transport and ARP THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1939, July 1, Vol,. 86, No. 2:739y. p- 1 Impossible for managers of transport to push ahead with ARP schemes until it is clear whether municipal transport departments are included in the term "'public utility undertaking" for which Government grants have been prom - ised, (DLC) TRANSPORTATION i*09l.- Transport and the war THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1939, September 9, VoüU 86, No. 2?9l, p. 139.(DLC) U052'V Transport difficulties) TRADE AND ENGINEERING (London) - 19UQ, September, Vol.. XLVII, No. 919, p. 2 To surmount some of the difficulties involved in expediting traffic during blackouts, railway companies have requested firms, to remove old labels from cases and packages before handing them in. (DLC) 1*093- Transport in wartimeproblems of lighting, reduced revenues, emergency needs, protecting passengers, alternative fuels.. THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL' (London) 19U0, October 29, Vol. 1*9, p. 1399 ■ A survey of the methods suggested by the National Committee of the Passenger Services Group of the Transport and General Workers Union, the plan adopted by the Nottingham Corporation Transport Department, etc. (DLC) 1*091*. Transport of refugees THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) . 1939, September lU, Vol. 86, No. 2792, p. 16? The National Public Service Vehicle Operator1s Association agree on a flat rate mileage charge, and also a charge per hour to be paid by the Government for buses and coaches used for transferring refugees to and from railway stations. (DLC) 1*099. Transport service in air raids- THE WORLD’S CARRIERS (London) 191*0, October 19, Vol. XXXVII, No.-1*33, p. 13 Joint proposals, of the representatives of employers and employees have been made to keep interference by air raids with essential services.to a minimum. Warning by siren is only an "alert’" not an "alarm" signal. Ingenuity of the employees; and employers is relied upon to evolve plans, to defeat the enemy’s efforts, (DLC) 469 TRANSPORTATION, AUTOMOTIVE 4056. Batteries stored for the duration THE MOTOR (London! 1941, March 26, Vol. LXXIX, No. 2048, p. 14 Instructions for storing automobile batteries during period of war emergency. (DLC) 4057. Blackout indicator lights THE TRANSPORT WORLD""! London) 1941, February, Vol. LXXXIX, No. 2841, p. 44 The general manager of the Hull Corporation Electricity Department devises a scheme for fixing indicator lights on bus top standards during blackout. The scheme was rejected by the Ministry of Home Security. (DLC) 4058. Chesterfield buses on wartime service THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1941, January 16, Vol. LXXXIX, No. 2838, p. 9 Chesterfield single deck buses are giving excellent service during wartime, special features are: canteen and ambulance units, raid welfare office. (DLC) 4059• Complete immobilization in case of invasion THE MOTOR (London) 1941, March 26, Vol. LXXIX, No.'2048, pp. 160-162, illus. Instructions for dismantling carburetors and distributors, . ■ (DLC) 4060. English buses for Scottish workers COMMERCIAL MOTOR (LondonT" 1941, April 25, Vol. LXXIII, No. 1884, p. 254 Providing transportation for billeted workers. Fares and schedules. (DLC) 4061. Haltestellen-Kennzeichnung Wahrend der Verdunkelung (Parking places - signs during the blackout) VERKEHRSTECHNIK (Berlin) 1940, June 5, Vol. 21, Copy 11, pp, 161-163, illus. Plans and procedure for parking during a blackout; various means for shielding lights on vehicles and streets; advantages of different kinds of road signals; provisions for ultra- violet lighting, (DPR) TRANSPORTATION, AUTOMOTIVE 4062. Identification signs for ARP.'vehicles .- MOTOR TRANSPORT (London 1940, March, Vol. LXX> No. 1829, p. 8 Head plates will be fastened on the front of vehicles driven by police, fire service, civil defense authorities during the blackout as a means of distinguishing them from civilian traffic. (DLC) . , 4063. Immobilising motor vehicles THE SOLICITORS1 JOURNAL (London) 1940, July 6, Vol. 84, No. 27, p. 410 Motor vehicle drivers, taking shelter on the sounding of an air raid alarm must lock their vehicles. Methods prescribed by day are■the removal of the ignition key and locking in order to prevent access to driver’s seat. If this cannot be done, the distributor arm or main ignition lead must be removed. Doctors,vetinarians and district nurses using their cars at night for professional services may leave their cars unattended-provided they remove the key and lock the doors. (DLC) 4064. Die Kraftfahrzeugversicherung im Kriege (Motor vehicle insurance in the warj VERKEHRSTECHNIK (Berlin) 1940, August 8, Vol. 21, p. 245 - • - A study of automobile accidents since October 1939; liabili- -ties for accidents; insurance regulations for cars in opera- tion or parked; damages sustained during air raids. Insur- ance provision for automobile passengers and operators. Rates determined by Minister of the Reich. (DLC) 4065. London buses in the "blitz” -■ - ■ • THE TRANSPORT WORLD vLondon) 1941, February 13; Vol. LXXXIX,- No. 2843, pp. 51-52, illus. Unity of service ensures efficiency of wartime work in typical depot. London’s bus workers are in the fore-front of national endeavor. They are determined that no air raid, however severe or disastrous, shall stop or serious- ly hinder London’s passenger transport. (DLC) 4066. Luftschuta-Richtleuchten und Verkehrszeichen (Air raid defense directive lights and traffic signals) VERKEHRSTECHNIK (Berlin) 1939* November 20, Vol. 20, copy 22, p. 506, illus* Reich Minister' issues regulations to police departments 471 TRANSPORTATION, AUTOMOTIVE governing movement of traffic in blackout. Provisions for safety signs and discernible markers for busy streets. Plans for masked traffic signals at busy intersections. (DPR) 4067. Night motoring THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1941, February 1, Vol, LXXXIX, No. 2841, p. 45 The question was raised in the House of Commons as to whether night motoring had led enemy raiders to centers of population. Experts who flew over the country at night reported that no information had been given away to the enemy. (DLC) 4068. Protecting bus passengers in air raids THE WORLD’S CARRIERS (London)' ’ 1941, January 15, Vol. .XXXVII, No. 436, p. 77 An examination of the results of air raids makes it clear that it is of great importance for the passenger operators (buses) to give the utmost possible air raid protection on vehicles, especially in the prevention of glass splinters caused by the breaking of windows. Operators should also adopt some method of fire spotting at their depots. (DLC) 4069. Road travel in air raids. •• ROADS AND ROAD CONSTRUCTION (London) 1940, September 2, Vol. XVIII, No. 213, p. 16.6 Stoppage of road traffic during air raid warnings abolished in order to lessen an evident target situation for machine guns; shelters along the highway sign-posted to guide motor- ists to place of refuge, thus presenting a sense of security to vehicular travelers. (DLC) 4070. Per strassenverkehr wahrend der Verdunkelung (Street traffic during the blackout)' VERKEHRSTSGHNIK (Berlin) 1940, September 5, Vol. 21, copy 17, pp. 258-260 The important effects of blackout measures on public streets regulations for automobile lighting; provisions for ambulan- ces; traffic signals in the blackout; dimming of hanging lamps; mask lights; provisions for stopping and parking, (DPR) 4071. Wartime transport in London THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, March 31, Vol. 48, No. 2409, p. 745 A report by the L.C.C. claims that the transport problem is 472 TRANSPORTATION, AUTOMOTIVE being dealt with in a very efficient and comprehensive manner. Much of the work has been facilitated by the ready cooperation of the commercial user and London Motor Cab Proprietors Associations. (DLC) TRANSPORTATION, MARINE 4072. Chemical warfare at sea In Franklin Institute. Journal. (Philadelphia) 1928, December, Vol. 206, No. 1, p. 816 In a discussion of the above subject. Lieutenant Harold Northcutt warns that in the event of a raid by chemicals from the- air, the defense from such an attack demands sounding of gas alarm, the employment of gas masks and protective clothing, and control of the ventilating and 'air-purefying systems to prevent the transmission of the gases through the ship. (DLC) 4073* Docks and harbours. The Blyth Harbour Commission (Civil Defense Act, 1939) (Sect. (l) order, dated November 13, 1939 IlTÄÖT" Great Britain. Statutory Rules and Orders 1939, London, H. M,. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y.) A074« Docks and harbours. The Clyde Navigation Trust (Civil Defence Act, 1939) (Sect. 41 (l) Order, dated September 15, 1939 (134Q/S91) Great Britain.... Statutory Rules and Orders 1939, London, H, M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y.) 4075« Docks and harbours. The Dundee Harbour Trust (Civil Defence Act, I939)'(Sect. 41 (ij order, dated September 23, 1939 (l342./S93) Great Britain. Statutory Rules and Orders 1939, London, K. M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, Mew York, N. Y.) 473 TRANSPORTATION, MARINE 4076. Docks and harbours. The Grand Union Canal Company (RegentT s Canal Dock) Civil Defense Act, 1939. (Sect. 41(1) Order, dated October 2?, 1939. (1602) Great Britain, Statutory Rules and Orders 1939. London, H.M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N,Y.) 4077. Docks, and harbours. The London and North Eastern Railway Company (Bo * ness Harbour and Docks) (Civil Defence Act, 1939) (Sect, 41(1) Order, dated October 24, 1939 (l578/sil3) Great Britain, Statutory Rules and Orders 1939, London, H.M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y.) 4078. Docks and harbours. The London and North Eastern Railway Company -(Grimsby Docks') (Civil Defence Act, 1939, (Sect. 41(1) Order, dated October 24, 1939 (1572) . . Great Britain, Statutory Rules and Orders 1939, London, H.M, Stationery Office (available at British Library of information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y.) 4079. Docks and harbours. The London and North Eastern Railway Company'(Hartlespools Docks (Civil Defence Act, -1939) Sect. 41(1) Order, dated October 24, 1939 (1573) Great Britain, Statutory Rules and Orders 1939. London, H.M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y.) 4080. Docks and harbours. The London and North Eastern Railway Company (Hull Docks) (Civil Defence Act, 1939) Sect. 4l(l) Order, dated October 24, 1939, (1574) • • Great Britain, Statutory Rules and Orders 1939. London, H.M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y.) 474 TRANSPORTATION, MARINE 4081. Docks and harbours. The London and North Eastern Railway Company ( Dock! (Civil Defence Act, 1939) (Sect. 41 (l) Order, dated October 24, 1939 (1575) Great Britain,■ Statutory Rules .and Orders 1939. London, H.M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y.) 4082. Docks and harbours. The London and North Eastern Railway Company (Loewstoft Harbour and Docks) (Civil Defence Act, 1939) (Sect.4l(l) Order, dated October 24, 1939 (1576) Great Britain, Statutory Rules and Orders 1939. London, H.M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y.) 4083. Docks and harbours. The London and North Eastern Railway Company (Middlesbrough Docks,) (Civil Defence Act, 1939) (Sect. 41(l) Order, dated October 24, 1939 (157?) ~ Great Britain, Statutory Rules and Orders 1939. London, H.M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y.) 4084. Docks and harbours. The London Midland and Scottish Railway Company (Ayr Harbour)~Tcivil Defence Act, 1939) (Sect. 41(1) Order, dated October 23, 1939. (T570/s 111) Great Britain, Statutory Rules and Orders 1939. London, H.M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y.) 4085. Docks and harbours. The London Midland and Scottish Railway Company (Barrow Docks) (Civil Defence Act, .1939) (Sect. 41(1) Order, dated October 23, 1939. (1565) Great Britain, Statutory Rules and Orders 1939, London, H.M. Stationery Office ' (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y.) 475 TRANSPORTATION, MARINE 4086. Docks and harbours. The London Midland and Scottish Railway Company (Fleetwood Harbour and Docks) (Civil Defence Act, 1939) (Sect. 41(1) Order, dated' October 23, 1939. (1566) Great Britain. Statutory Rules and Orders 1939. London, H.M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y.) 4087. Docks and harbours. The London Midland and Scottish Railway Company (Garston Docks) (Civil Defence Act, 1939) (Sect. 41(1) Order, dated October 23, 1939 (156?) Great Britain. Statutory Rules and Orders, 1939. London, H.M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y.) 4088. Docks and harbours. The London Midland .and Scottish Railway Company (Grangemouth Harbour and Docks! (Civ 11 Defence Act, 1939) (Sect. 4l(l) Ordery dated October 23. 1939. (1568T Great Britain, Statutory Rules and Orders 1939, London, H.M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library .of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y.) 4089. Docks and, harbours. The London Midland and Scottish Railway Company (Popular Docks) (Civil Defence Act, 1939) (Sect. 41(1) Order, dated October 23, 1939 (1569) Great Britain. Statutory Rules and Orders 1939. London, H.M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Infprmation, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y.) 4090. Docks and harbours. The London Midland and Scottish Railway Company (Troon Harbour) (Civil Defence Act, 1939)(Sect. 41(1) Order, dated October .23, 1939 (l5?l/s 112) Great Britain. Statutory Rules and Orders 1939. London, H.M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y.) TRAMSPORTATION, MARINE U091. Docks and harbours. The Port of London Authority (Civil Defence Act, 19397 (Seiet. 'Ll (1} "Cr’derJ dated December 11, 1939 (l8Bl) Great Britain. Statutory Rules and Orders 1939. London, H. M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, $0 Rockefeller , Plaza, New York, N. Y.) i|092. Docks and harbours. The River Weir Commissioners (Civil Defence Act, 1939) (Sect, ul XiJ Order,-dated December 11, 1939. (18Ö2} Great Britain! Statutory Rules and Orders . 1939. London, H. M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y.) U093* Docks and harbours. The Southern Railway Company (Southampton docks) (Civil Defence Act, 1939) '(Sect. .).+l (l) Order, dated October 26, 1939 (l603T~ Great Britain! Statutory Rules and Orders 1939» London, H. M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, $0 Rockefeller Plaza, New York-, N. Y.) -A A . . U09U• Docks and harbours. The Tyne Improvement Commission (Civil . . Defence Act, 1939) (Sect. 1'1 (1) Order, dated September 16, 1939 (1339) " Great Britain, Statutory Rules and Orders 1939. London, H. M. Stationery Office (Available at, British Library of Information, 5>0 Rockefeller Plaza, New. York, N*. Y.) . h095>. Docks and harbours. The Weaver Navigation Trustees (Civil Defence Act, 1939) (Sect. Ul (1) Order, dated November 30, 1939 ’(IBS I)” • ” “ Great Britain. Statutory Rules-and Orders 1939. London, H. M. Stationery Office (Available at British, Library of Information, 3>0 Rockefeller , Plaza, New York, N., I.,). ' . -’..A.. I4.O96. Harbours and waterways in 1980 THE ENGINEER (London} 19U1, January 1?, Vol. CXXI, No. UU36, p. k3 The Engineer*s annual review-for 19l|0 reveals that much of the normal sea-borne trade due to enemy air action has been shifted 477 TRANSPORTATION, MARINE to the west coast, that despite interruptions and delays by air raids, operations are proceeding fairly normally.,. Repairs to quays, docks,warehouses, etc., necessitated by bombing attacks are made at once. Much of the damage done is superficial and many targets are very hard to hit. (DLC) 4097. The Mersey docks and harbour board (Civil Defence Act, 1939) (Sect. 41 (l) Order, dated August 25, 1939 (1082) Great Britain. Statutory Rules and Orders 1939, London, H. M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y.) 4098, Organization of anti-aerial defense of water Shustov, A. VESTNIK PR0TIV0V0ZDUSHN0I 0B0R0NY (Moscow) 1931, No. 3, PP. 54-55 Water transport may become important; the transport workers as well as the workers on the shore should be prepared for defense of the means of water transportation. (DLC) TRANSPORTATION, RAILWAY 4099• Accidents THE TIMES TRADE AND ENGINEERING (London) 1940, September, Vol. XLVII, No. 919, p. 36 The annual report of the Chief Inspecting Officer of Railways indicates the careful watchfulness which enabled railwayman to surmount the handicap 01 the blackout. However, while casualties due to train accidents have been reduced, there has been an increase in deaths due to accidents in which passengers are at fault, viz., attempting to enter or alight from moving trains, passengers falling from platforms and being struck by trains, etc. (DLC) 4100. Effect of air raids (on railways) THE TIMES TRADE AND ENGINEERING (London) 1940, October, Vol. XLVII, No. 920, p. 35 It is the opinion of the writer that the railways have per- 478 TRANSPORTATION, RAILWAY formed a great task in keeping open the flow of commodities and services. The vast network- of lines, enabling services to be rerouted when some lines have been damaged by air raids and the' efficiency and speed with which repairs have been made by the' engineering staffs, have held delays to a minimum. The problem of identifying station names in the blackout has yet to be solved. (DLC) 4101, Protivovozdushnaia oborona na zheleznykh dorogakh Gollandii(Airraid defense of railroads in Holland) A,, I, SOfSIALISTICHESKII TRANSPORT-(Moscow) 1937, No. 6, pp, 97-90 This is a report of an air raid alarm practice drill which took place in May of 1937 on . a railroad in Holland-. For an hour and a half all lights were out along the various rail- road stations and at the power station. Candles and oil lamps were used for the most part. Windows were covered. Switch lights were covered with special type of curtains. Trains were darkened with the exception of front and rear .lights and these were screened with a blue cover. Observers were on trains and in planes overhead. According to their reports it was impossible to detect the railroads and if lights were seen at stations, it was impossible to tell the exact location. The success of this practice drill was commented upon in the English magazine "Railway Gazette" in its issue of June 4> 1937. (DLC) 4102. Protivo-vozdushnaia oborona zheleznodorozhnogo transport a (Air raid: railroad transportation) Gumilevsky, la, v SO TSIALISTICHESKII TRANSPORT (Moscow) 1937, No, 3, pp. 15-26, Ulus*,tables Basing himself on various articles appearing in foreign journals and dealing with the last World War, and on more recent experiences in Spain the author stresses the im- portance of railroads as military objectives and, there- fore, the increasing importance of air raid defense and an approach to the solution of this problem. The defense of railroads is divided into; (a) passive, and (b) active. Under the heading ."passive" defense the' author presents a general discussion of the importance of the organization of alarm signals, camouflage, blackouts, fire prevention. 479 TRANSPORTATION, RAILWAY and other aspects of ARP services. In particular does the author stress the training of the personnel in all ARP knowledge, and the necessity to master the various tech- niques of camouflage well in advance. Under the heading "active defense" the discussion covers air-conditioning of trains, tunnelization of railroads, streamlining of equip- ment, the use of containers which will be easy to seal, and the problem of transferring passengers and freight from railroads to automotive transportation. Drawings and tables from the German magazine "Militerwissenschaftliche Mittei- lungen" are appended to the text. (DLC) 4103. Railways and air raids THE ENGINEER ' 1941, June 6, Vol. 171, No. 4456, p. 367 The introduction of a system of raid spotters at all im- portant places of the entire railway system. Several ex- amples are given of successful speedy repair work. The railway transport services operate normally as near as possible despite the big problem of the necessity for com- plete blackout during the hours of darkness. Describes cooperation among workers and efficient service rendered, (DLC) 4104. The railways (Special air raid precautions order, dated November 21, 0239 (1669) ... Great Britain. Statutory Rules and Orders 1939, London, H, M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y.) 4105. Train lighting to be standardized THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1939, September 23, Vol. 86, No. 2754, p. 179 "A standardized system of lighting for all railway carriages used in the main line railways is soon to be put into opera- tion during the hours in which blackout conditions are com- pulsory." (DLC) 4106. Vozdushnye napadeniia na zheleznye dorogi (Air raid attacks on railroads) Shoponberg, G, SOTSIALISTICHESKII TRANSPORT (Moscow) 1937, No. 10, pp. 83-93 The general problems of ARP of railroads are according to the 480 TRANSPORTATION, RAILWAY • author are as follows: (l) the organization of smooth functioning alarm system; (2) creation of difficulties for enemy and stopping him short of his goal; (3) de- struction of enemy planes by the defenders; (4) the minimization as quickly as possible of the damage done by enemy; (5) the clearing away of debris and re-estab- lishment of the status quo after attacK. Added to these problems are tasks of organizing observation and communica- tion, meteorological, and special signal services; anti- gas precautions, medical services, fire prevention, camou- flage, and correct training in ARP of the personnel work- ing on railroads, (DLC) UTILITIES, See PUBLIC UTILITIES VOLUNTEERS, See PERSONNEL, VOLUNTEER WAR DAMAGE 4107. Air force targets in Germany THE ENGINEER (London) ■ • 1941, May 9, Vol. CLXXI, No. 4457, p. 385, illus. & plan An account of the damage’done on industrial centers in Hamburg by a large and newer type bomb. Illustrations include: (l) plan of Blohm and Vass Works, at Hamburg; (2) electricity supply networks of Hamburg, and various power stations. (DLC) 4108, Air raid damage AMERICAN GAS JOURNAL (New York) 1941, February, Vol. 154, No, 2, p. 33 Not knowing what.form.of damage, air raids will present, it is necessary to prepare in a general manner to meet all possible foreseen conditions. "The best known means to combat any circumstances are: 1. organization, 2. mainte- nance of cordial and friendly relations with all groups of ARP workers, 3» willingness of all workers to'train for such emergencies, taking into full account experiences of any raids that have taken place and means adopted by the author- ities concerned to overcome those disturbances." This article makes reference to gas and gas appliances. (DLC) WAR DAMAGE I4.IO9. Air raid damage as builders see it . Castle, Sydney E* THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 19U1, March 21, Vol. CXXVIII, No.' 3,318., p. 322 "In brick work and masonry, destruction invariably ceases at ą certain fixed point. The complete destruction of a wall does not mean that its failure has had no deterrent effect on the force which has destroyed it. Dear to the heart of explosive force is monolithic resistance. Piece- meal construction consisting of component parts has a pecu- liar power of resistance when it is subject only to the expanding and contracting shiver, the outward thurst and reactionary return pull caused by terrific dislocation of air." (DLC) UllO. Air-raid damage insurance bill delayed. THE MUNICIPAL"JOURNAL (London! 19U0, November 1, Vol. XLIX, No. 21*92, p. 1381 This article deals with the protection of damaged houses and other property. (DLC) I4.III, ARP finance concessions THE MUNICIPAL”JOURNAL (London) 19U0, July 19, Vol. XLIX, No.-214.77, p. 935 Negotiations between Metropolitan Boroughs and the central government concerning financial matters pertaining to air raid damages. Many suggestions for more efficient methods of handling claims. (DLC) 1*112. ARP insurance. War damage'bill IRON AND COAL TRADES REVIEW-(London) 19l|l, March 28, Vol. CXLII, No. 3,813, p. 38I4 This.bill is divided into two parts. Part 1 applies to real property. Part 2 relates to movable property. With certain exceptions, insurance under the business and farm schemes will be compulsory, (DLC) 482 WAR DAMAGE 4113. Assessing damage by air raids ' THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 1940, May 24, Vol. 126, No. 3275, p. 682 .The Liverpool Architectural Society suggests to the public that air raid damage could be reduced if building plans, and drawings, giving constructional details, were made available before damage is done by air raids; architects could then be instructed to make surveys accurate enough to show plans, sections, and elevations of building before damage. (DLC) 4114. Bombed homes rebuilt for 60 pounds by a London controller LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE 1940, December, Vol. 22, No. 12, p. 265 Many houses in the bombed areas are so badly damaged that the cost of repair would exceed the value of the property. Such houses are adapted for public shelters, but not for dwelling houses. (DLC) 4115# Damaged business premises • BRITISH AND COLONIAL PRINTER AND STATIONER (London) 1941, January 2, Vol. 128, No. 637, P# 5 The Board of Trade has issued a leaflet containing a collec- tion of information outlining the steps necessary to obtain materials to repair or rebuild premises damaged by enemy action. Among other items covered are first aid repairs, other repairs, rebuilding or reconstruction, repairs or replacements of machinery or plant, etc. (DLC) 4116, Fliegerschaden in gewerblichen betrieben (Damage done by air * . raids in industrial organizations) 'ZEMENT WOCHENSCHRIFT FÜR HOCH UND TIEFBAU (Berlin) 1940, December 12, .Vol. 29, pp. 650-652 Laws and regulations governing bombed factories; necessity for notifying proper authorities of damages; compensation for damaged property; provisions for injuries to personnel; activities of first aid services; hospitalization, (DPR) WAR DAMAGES Uli?* House builders THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER (London) 191+0, June, CXXYI, No. 3278, p. 761; "Concern is expressed in the annual report of the House Builders’ Association of Great Britain at the number of defaults in the repayment of mortgage installments by owner- occupiers as a result of war-time conditions. These mort- gages are in most cases supported by collateral deposits pro- vided by house builders and represent in total many millions of pounds," (DLC) 1+118, Landlord and tenant ECONOMIST-(London) 191+1, May, Vol. II4O, No. 5100, p. 68)4 The proposed Landlord and Tenant (War Damage) Act is intended to better the position of the tenant. This act will, permit tenants "to disclaim leases or retain them on altered terms in case of damage caused by enemy actions, and that weekly tenants need not pay rent if their dwelling has been rendered unfit by reason of war damage". (DLC) 1+119* Landlord and tenant (War damage) act, 1939 GREAT BRITAIN. PARLIAMENT 1 1939, London, H. M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of information, 50 Rockefeller Plasa, New York, N. Y. 6d. 15^) 1+120. Lease and war damage ELECTRIClLlEVIEW (London) 191+1, April 25, Vol. 123, No. 3309, p. 599 "Under the Landlord and Tenant (War Damage) Act of 1939, in order to escape liability for damage by aerial bombardment, or other damage caused by wart where premises have been damaged beyond repair, it is necessary that the tenant be familiar with disclaiming of leases. Where air raid damage has occurred the tenant should serve on the landlord a notice of disclaimer, and the Court after a specific legal procedure shall direct when it will be necessary for the tenant to again pay rent." (DLC) WAR DAMAGE 3121. Local communications and reporting of air raid damage (includ- ing local control), 2nd Edition, September, 193 9Ä (Üäncelling ARP Memorandum~"L 1st' edition, April, 193&', A. R* P, Depart- ment Circular 701ÖC5/13, dated September 207 17387 GREAT BRITAIN, .AIR RAID PRECAUTIONS DEPARTMENT 19U0 ? London, H. M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y. 6d. 13V) 3122* Recording our architectural treasures THE PARTHENON (London) 1931, March, Vol. XV, No. 6, p. 68 Organization for recording and documenting bomb damage to buildings of architectural interest. (DLC) 3.I23• Report of the Committee on 'Liability for War Damage to the Subject Matter of Contracts GREAT BRITAIN, PARLIAMENTARY PUBLICATIONS 1939, September 2, London, H. M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y. 3d. 10$) 3123. Stereoscopic records of war damage THE BRITISH J0URNAL~0F~PHOTOGRAPHY (London) 1931, April, Vol. LXXXVIII, No. 3223, p. 197 Stereoscopic records of war damage are considered the only ones that will give a true and vivid picture of the times through which England is passing* (DLC) 3123* The storage of materials salvaged from war debris McKerchar, D. h3 In INSTITUTION,OF MUNICIPAL-AND COUNTY ENGINEERS*■ JOURNAL TXbndon) 1931, June 23, Vol. LXVII, No. 13, 313, table A detailed explanation of a system of procedure in stocking and storing materials salvaged from war damage. (DLC) 485 WAR DAMAGE 4126. War damage and prices THE IRON AND COAL REVIEW (London) . 1941, February 28, Vol, 152, No. 8809, p. 273. (DPC) 4127* War Damage I, Leasehold and mortgaged premises THE LAW TIMES (London) 1940, October 26, Vol. 190, No. 5091, p. 216 One of the provisions to be borne in mind' under the provi- sions of the Landlord and Tenant (War Damage) Act, 1939, is —• That neither party to a lease can require the other to repair war damage nor can a mortgagee require the mortgagor to do so. After the damage has occurred the parties may agree as to the manner of making it good. While tenants and mortgagors have been relieved of any duty to repair war damage which would otherwise rest upon them by a covenant to repair, a new duty has been,imposed on them. Under Sect, 2-(l) the mortgagor or tenant is under obligation to repair'and the landlord or any person authorized by him shall enter upon the premises, ascertain the damage and make it good either temporarily or permanently, (DLC) 4128, War Damage II, Damage to leaseholds when premises ’’unfit" THE LAW TIMES (London) 1940, November 2, Vol. 190, No, 5092, p. 231 The Landlord and Tenant (War Damage) Act places the burden of repair upon the person who wishes to affirm the lease, "There is nothing in the Act which prevents the parties agreeing, after the damage has occurred to share the burden. When no agreement is reached, the tenant may serve notice of disclaimer. If this is done at the expiration of one month the lease is deemed to.have been surrendered, and the property then vests in the Landlord free from mortgages and subtenancies," The tenant must also notify sub-tenants and mortgagees of the disclaimer and they must also notify persons having titles under them. (DLC) 4129, War Damage: payment o£ rent THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL (London) 1940, November 16, Vol. 84, No, 46, p, 650 The Landlord and Tenant (War Damage) Act, 1939, was passed 486 WAR DAMAGE on the assumption that under the law as it previously stood, the destruction of property subject to a lease from whatever cause, afforded a tenant no excuse in law from not fulfill- ing the covenants which he had entered into including a covenant to repair or pay rent. The Act, was, therefore, expected to be of greater use in the case of longer tenan- cies. But it applied to tenancies whether long or short, and there was nothing to prevent any tenant whose house was made unfit by war damage from giving notice of disclaimer under the Act. A notice of disclaimer relieving the tenant from the obligation to pay rent as from the date of the service of the notice, (DIG) 4130. War damage problems of municipalities THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1941, April 5, Vol. LXXXIX, No. 2852, p. 135 Representatives of city and borough councils agree to form a national emergency committee to deal with war damages, (DLC) 4131. War damage: rent and mortgage interest payments THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL (London) 1940, December 14, Vol, 84, Nö, 50, p,'685 ■ National Federation of Tenants and Residents’ Association recommends automatic suspension of rent and mortgage repay- ments in heavily bombed areas. (DLC) 4132. War damage to land (Scotland) Act, 1939 GREAT BRITAIN, PARLIAMENT 1939, London, H.M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y. 2d. 5$) 4133* War damage to land (Scotland) Act, 1939 GREAT BRITAIN, PARLIAMENT 1939, London, H.M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of- Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y, 2d. 5$) war damage 4134* War damage to property, I, Report to conference presided over by the Right Hon. Viscount Weir, C, C. B, II. Statement of Government policy on the report. (Cmd. 6116) GREAT BRITAIN, PARLIAMENT 1939, October 3* London, H.M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y. 4d, 10<£) WAR DAMAGE - COMPENSATION 4135* Air raid damage - compensation • THE SOLICITORS» JOURNAL (London) 1940, September 7, Vol. 84, No, 36, p. 518 The Government scheme makes provisions for the payment of compensation for air raid damage to property after the war up to the full amount in small cases and as far as circum- stances will permit in other cases. But even where "full” compensatioh is payable, it appears there is likely to be considerable difference between the amount that will even- tually be obtained and the cost incurred in putting the property into repair immediately. (DLC) 4136, Compensation for damaged goods THE ELECTRICAL REVIEW (London) 1940, November' 8, Vol. 128, No. 3285, p. 26 The Board of Trade has been asked by Policy Holders under the War Risk Insurance scheme for commodities to assist in speeding up settlement of claims. The cause of delay is based on the selling price of goods rather than the cost price. The scheme does'not cover profits, and the inclu- sion of goods which do not come within the intention of the scheme, (DLC) 4137* Compensation for war damage THE ELECTRICAL REVIEW (London) 1940, December 20, Vol. 128, No. 3291, pp.147-148 After the first year of the war, it became necessary for some compensation for damage caused by war, therefore the Government made a somewhat definite promise, that damage caused by enemy action would be paid sometime after the war, as far as funds were available. As a result of the constant urge by industrial and commercial interests attempts were made to form a mutual Insurance group, consequently the War Damage Bill was introduced by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, (DLC) WAR DAMAGE - COMPENSATION J4I38* Compensation for war damage THE ECONOMIST ("London) 19Ul, February 6, Voi. llR), No* 5085, p. 177 The War Damage Bill contains two major defects that must be adjusted in order to be both "equitable and fair". The first defect concerns the '"unfair discrimination against the owner of property which is wholly destroyed, and secondly the un- satisfactory treatment of the relationship of mortgagor to mortgagee". The discrimination against the case of total loss is entirely a matter of the prospective value of money* The owner of a destroyed building is to be paid its value at the price of March, 1939; the owner of a damaged building is to have the damage made good - the state paying the cost of reinstatement at the time the work is done. (DLC) Ul39. Compensation for war damage THE ECONOMIST (London") 19U1, March 29, Voi. U4O, No. 5092.', p. U09 Criticisms and recommendations based on actual and desirable war damage insurance. (DEC) UlUo. A conveyancer's Letter THE LAW JOURNAL (London) 19l|l, March 15,, Voi. XCI, No. 3922:, p. 10£. (DLC) Ullil. Gaps in the war damage bill THE LAW JOURNAL l^mSon) I9I4.I,January il, Voi. XCI, No, 3913, pp. lU-l$ The necessity for making claims within a fixed period by war damage commission; provisions for cost of works and work payments; time for payments; forfeiture of compensation for work not done in reasonable time; payments made to person or persons incurring the expense of executing the wo'rks. (DLC) Ulij-2 • New definitions THE. LAW JOURNAL (London) I9I1I, January 16, Voi. XCI, No. 391I4, pp. 26-27 Compensation defense act provides compensation for property taken by Crown 'in the exercise of emergency powers. Payment for requisiton of property. Interpretation of war damage. (DLC) ' ' WAR DAMAGE - COMPENSATION I|lłi3. Obiter dicta THE LAW JOURNAL (London) 19Ul, February 1st, Vcl. XCI, No, 3916, pp. k3~hh Control of newspapers: freedom of the press for those newspapers determined to help win the war. Rent accruing before damage. Rent restriction act of 1933 - Reed Vs. Gordon. (DLC) klhh* Return as to war damage to property JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (London^ 1939, June 1?, Vol. 103, No. 2k, p. 1*07 The Minister of Health has issued to local authorities a circular informing them that it will be their duty in the event of war to furnish returns giving particulars of prop- erty in their area which has been damaged by enemy action. The return will be required in connection with claims for compensation for war damage, (DLC) 1*114-9. Special legislation for raid damaged towns THE MUNICIPAL JCURNAlTXLondon) ” 191*1, February 7, Vol. U9, No. 2906, p. 177 State help, beyond that authorized by the War damage bill, has been found to be necessary in certain devastated areas, such as Coventry. (DLC) 1*11*6, War Damage Act, 19l*l AMALGAMATED ENGINEERS UNION MONTHLY JOURNAL (London) 19l*l, May, Vol. 8, No. 9, p. 119 A comprehensive insurance scheme, backed and financed by the State has been provided to compensate house owners and tenants for damage by enemy action. Under this scheme every householder will receive free insurance up to 200 pounds, and if married, the figure is 300 pounds with an extra 29 pounds for every child under 16, If these sums are insuf- ficient, further amounts may be secured amounting to 2,000 pounds by paying a premium of one pound per hundred pounds. (DLC) WAR DAMAGE" - COMPENSATION lilii?♦ War damage act. Insuring motor vehicles THE FIELD. (London7" “ 19-iil,-June '21, Vol, I??-, No. I;6l7, p. 738 , Part IT of this act deals with the, insurance of "private chattels" wit ch include cars-and motorcycles* Thn Govern- ment gives free insurance against loss of these private chattels, up to 200 pounds. If private chattels, which in- clude furniture, clothing, motor car or motorcycle are not of greater value .than the. free.-, insurance, nothing need be done further in the matter. 'But if the car is destroyed the • owner can receive-at least -25 pounds äs.ä recovery. This .. insurance :costs one'- pound per hundred pounds. (DLC) UlU8.,.... War - damage, till ocf ee.. v LA BONK :(x/p ’ monj 19)4.1, January, Völ, ■'3, No. 5, p. 723 A bill has been introduced in Parliament "to provide a compulsory and contributory scheme of, compensation for war damage: tobuilding and fixed property ■ and; to mov- able assets of business undertakings, along with a volun- tary. :scheme of insurance for-personal chattels.,," (DLC) Ullj.9. The War damage bill ’ THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) I9I4I, January 10, Vol. 1|9. No, 2302, p. h9. Explains provisions of war .damage bill being -considered by British-Parliament; administration of the scheme, compul- sory agriculture- insurance, cost*of the measure, loan pro- ■ . . . ... visions- for. -repairs-,' the procedure of the governmental agen- ... , ... . cios charged with the requisition of private property. (DLC) illHO, War damage bill- : - ' THEBillLDlT bond on) . ;19il,. January 2f, Vol. GLX, No, 5112, pf 112’ A chartered "Surveyors Institution Memorandum upon the war Damage Bill, The provisions of each clause are given and regulations to be made by the Treasury, They will enable the Treasury to give directions to the War Damage Commission as to the discharge of their functions under Part I of the Act. (DLC) WAR DAMAGE - COMPENSATION 14-151. War damage bill and mortgagees THE LAW"JOURNAL TLohdFn) I9I4I, March 22, Vol. XCI, No* 3923, pp. 117-122 Effect of bill on mortgagees’ obligations. (DLC) hl$2m The war damage bill and the treasury THE LÄW JÖwMLj'£önd6n)~ 19U1, Febr' ary 1. Vol, XCI, No. 3916, p. 1|5 Relation of the treasury to the war damage bill. Claims for payment of compensation made within a fixed period. Valuation determined by reference to prices in March, 1939* Replanning for mitigation of the destruction of buildings due to the war, (DLC) 14.153. The war damage bill in committee THE LÄW JO ÜrUIAL_TLÖndonj I9I4I, February 15, Vol, XCI, No, 3918, p. 65 Property owners receiving greatest amount of injury likely to receive least amount of compensation. Assessment of immovable property to building costs in 1939 (March). Full compensation by the government when repairs can be made. Landlord may lose right to rent, but gain the site & remnants of building. (DLC) I4l51+. War damage compensation THE. SOLICITORS' JOLPNÄL (London) 19U0, August 31, Vol. 8I4, No. 35, p. 506 Householders who have suffered destruction or damage to their homes by enemy action might claim compensation from the govern- ment for immediate repairs or replacements. The Chancellor of Exchequer is considering a scheme of national insurance where- by householders might mutually insure their property against destruction or damage by enemy action, so that their homes might be repaired or rebuilt without delay. (DLC) I4I55. • War damage (compensation)' THE TIiVIES“TT&DETiJD ENGINEERING (London) 19U0, September, Vol. XLVII, No. 919, p. 2 "The Government's scheme of compensation for war damage to property provides for the payment of compensation after the war in accordance with a scale which depends on the total amount of the damage and the financial circumstances of the country," Under certain conditions compensation will be 492 WAR DAMAGE - COMPENSATION granted to owners of household furniture and personal clothing. (DIG) 4156, War damage compensation-claims THE LAW JOURNAL (London) 1941, February 22nd, Vol. XCI, No. 3919, p. 82 Surveyor employed to assess damages to house property due to enemy action; rates of immediate and subsequent com- pensation for various classes of persons; the Government’s special legislation, (DLC) 4157« War damage compensation THE ELECTRICIAN (London) 1941, April 4, Vol. CXXVI, No. 3279, p. 210 Details of New Board of Trade Scheme affecting electrical industry; replacement of plant and machinery; rate of pre- mium; when payments will be made. (DLC) 41^8, War damage cut THE MINING WORLD AND ENGINEERING RECORD (London) 1941, May 3, Vol. CXL, No. 3657, p. 264 The Chancellor of the Exchequer should have all air raid damage assessed at once and issue to the sufferers Defense: Bonds in payment thereof, thus the recipient would be assured payment for damage, and in addition, funds to make these payments could be raised at a lower rate of interest,. (DLC) 4159. War damage insurance ELECTRICAL REVIEW (London) 1940, December 20, Vol. 128, No. 3291, p. 160 The text of the Government’s War Damage bill being published shows that the Bill is in four parts, as follows: "Part (I) provides a compulsory contributory scheme of compensation ■for war damage to buildings and other immovable property; Part (ll) institutes a compulsory scheme of insurance of all movable assests of business undertakings; Part (ill) makes certain amendments in the existing law relating to the War Risk Insurance scheme for commodities; Part (IV) deals with 493 WAR DAMAGE - COMPENSATION miscellaneous and general matters," 2,000,000,00.0 pounds is expected to be raised by contribution based on the In- come Tax schedule with payments becoming due on July 1st each year. It is hoped that a total of 2,000,000,000 pounds beginning September 3, 1939, to August 31* 1941* will cover the war risk. (DLC) 4160. War damage insurance ;■ landlord and tenant act THE LAW JOURNAL (London) 1941, January 11, Vol. XCI, No. 3913, pp.. 19-20 The tenant's disclaiming of lease when property is damaged due to enemy action. The Treasury's decision to postpone payment of compensation. (DLC) 4161. War damage insurance ELECTRICAL REVIEW (London) 1941, April 4, Vol. 128, No, 3306, p. 528 Further detail in the matter of the War Damage Act, 1941, which includes schemes Lor business farmers and house- holders, and owners of.private chattels, and that in order • to receive war damage insurance it will be necessary to take our a policy within -the period of thirty days from the date the scheme has come into effect, and should war damage occur within the thirty days, the property is con- sidered covered’provided a policy is taken out and premium paid. (DLC) 4162. War damage - public utility undertaking ECONOMIST (London) *' - ' . .. 1941, June, Vol. 140, No. 5103, p. 755 The War Damage Act does not cover war damage insurance to public utility undertakings. The Chancellor of the Ex- chequer has circulated a scheme for the application of war damage insurance to take care of public utilities, in the nature of repair rather than replacement, payment for which shall be for actual repair, (DLC) 4163. War damage to property ACCOUNTANCY (London) 1940, July, Vol. LI, No. 158, p. 264 The government is now in agreement with critics on the matter of compensation for war damage to property. Previously it was 494 WAR DAMAGE - COMPENSATION thought the better plan to make post-war payments only, but a decision has been reached wherein part-payments for damages to necessary items, . i. e., household furniture and cloth- ing can be made on account during the war, A scale of amounts payable to applicants has been set up in accordance with needs ana income of such applicant. (DLC) 4164. War damage to propertyI A compensation pool THE SOLICITORS’■JOURNAL (London!“ 1940, September 14, Vol. 64, No. 37, p. 529 It .is pointed out that compensation for war damage to property cannot be affected by insurance because there is not actual or statistical basis on which promises could be assessed. It is urged that provisions could very simply be made by having all property owners pool their resources under the aegis of the government and pay a small additional premium, (DLC) • 4165. War damage to property. Government compensation scheme Committee on the principles of assessment of damage GREAT BRITAIN. PARLIAMENT 1939, November 3, London, H. M, Stationery Office First report of the Committee on the Principles of Assess- ment of Damage, (Available cat British Library of Informa- tion, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. Y, 2d. 5$) 4166. War damage to property; insurance THE SOLICITORS’ JOURNAL (London) 1940, October 12, Vol, 84, No. 41, p. 577 The practicability of an insurance scheme covering air raid damage to property has become a subject of much interest. It was pointed out that the Chancellor of Exchequer was re- quested to review such a scheme; but the announcement was made before the intensification of the enemy’s air attacks on London, and that naturally there had been serious ques- tion since then about the practicability of immediate pay- ment of full value in any form. The restoration of con- fidence by the knowledge that damage to property will be made good wdthin a reasonable time is of much more concern to the property .owiger. (DLC) 495 WAR DAMAGE - COMPENSATION 416?. Warehousemen and war damage . THE LAW JOURNAL (London) 1941, April 5, Vol, XCI, No, 3925,. p. 141 Warehousemenfs problems when premises are bombed. Belief that the loss is recoverable under war damage act, (DLC) 4168. War Risk Insurance Act, 1939 GREAT BRITAIN, PARLIAMENT 1939, London, H,M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y. 4d, 10<£) WAR DAMAGE - REPAIR . 4169. air-raid damage; Mini stery of Health circular THE SOLICITORS * JOURNAL (London) 1940, September 28, Vol, 84, No, 39, p. 554 It is observed that where air attacks are sporadic, with damage on a small scale, it is possible for local authori- ties to use tiling and glazing. But with air attacks on a wider scale and the possibility of bad weather, the most important aspect of first aid repairs is their completion with the utmost possible speed, so that the occupants may be spared the necessity of removal and further damage exposure, (DLC) 4170. Bombed houses rebuilt for -L60 LOCAL “GOVERNMENT SERVICE (London) 1940, December, Vol, 20, No, 12, p. 265 Damaged houses are made fit for habitation by demolishing the unper storey and using the materials to strengthen the roof and the lower storey. The cost of conversion about -Ł60 for the ordinary two storey terrace house, (DLC) 4171. Damage to houses PUBLIC HEALTH (London) 1941, April, Vol. LIV, No. 7, p. Ill Use of a large number of workmen to speed up the repairing of damaged houses. (DLC) 496 WAR DAMAGE - REPAIR 4172. Department of tency repairs In INSTITUTION OF MUMClPAL AND COUNTY ENGINEERS. JOURNAL. \London) ,1941, April 1, Vol„ 6?, No. 2, p. 16 Department of Emergency Repairs set up in London to deal with the repair of buildings in bombed areas, and to organize the supply and release of materials from outside sources, (DLC) 4173. Essential buildings and plant (Repair of war damage) Act, 1939 GREAT BRITAIN, PARLIAMENT 1939, London, H.M» Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y. 3d. 10$) 4174. Execution of "first aid repairs" under model prime cost contract for emergency work In INSTITUTION OF MUNICIPAL AND COUNTY ENGINEERS. JOURNAL. XXbndon) 1941, March 4, Vol, 67, No. 10, p, 228, chart p. 230 Suggested system to be used for supervision and checking of time and materials used on repairs on each house with brief instructions to contractors. (DLC) 4175. First aio repairs In INSTITUTION OF MUNICIPAL AND COUNTY ENGINEERS. JOURNAL. "(London) 1941, May 27, Vol. Ó7, No. 13, p. 298 Ministry of Health states that owner of damaged houses is responsible for cost of repairs to his house unless arrange- ments are made with builder or local authorities. (DLC) 4176. First aid repairs to houses THE SURVEYOR (London) 1941, May 2, Vol. XCIX, No. 2571, p. 304 With the idea that the rehousing of the homeless takes pre- cedence over any other work, the Health and Work Ministry have secured the services of building contractors, for imme- diate repairs to dwellings which have been subjected to heavy air-raid attacks, (DPR) 497 WAR DAMAGE - REPAIR 4177« Local authorities' power and action in temporary repair of war damage to dwelling; houses McNab, W. B. In INSTITUTION OF MUNICIPAL AND COUNTY ENGINEERS. JOURNAL. (London) 1941, April 1, Vol. 67, No. 2, p. 242 Depots for direct labour, have been set up by the housing local authorities in Glasgow, to carry on temporary repair work of houses damaged by air bombardment, or other war ■action. These depots are well distributed throughout the city. Stores are set aside as warehouses. (DLC) 4173. The rebuilding of bombed property THE ENGINEER (London) 1941, June 6, Vol. CUtXI, No, 4456, p. 375 The Government has given priority over all other work to first aid repair work for essential public services, war factories, and houses,- Where individual households are con- •cerned, responsibility for such repairs rests with the local authority. If repairs cost over Ł100 the individual owner would have to secure a license. The same applies to owners of shops, offices, banks, etc., not engaged in essential war products, (DLC) 4179. Repairing air raid damage THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, August 30, Vol. 49, No. 2483- Discusses the power and duties of local authorities to make repairs if owner is unable do so. Food and shelter sta- tions established by local authorities until homes can be repaired. (DLC) . 4180. Repair of damaged business premises BRITISH PLASTICS (London) 1941, January, Vol, 12, No. 140, p, 246 A leaflet has been issued by the Board of Trade, giving in- formation as to repairs or licenses to rebuild damaged plants. In order to economize in the use of labor and materials, only "first aid" repairs are expected to be allowed, (DLC) 4181. Repair of war damage, essential building and plant (Circular 1948) ’ ; . Great Britain, Ministry of Health 1939, September 4, London, H.M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y.) WAR DAMAGE - REPAIR i|l82. Repair of war damage essential buildings and plant JUSTICE OF THE PEACE '(London) 1939, September lb, Vol. 103, No. 37, p. 6l5 A circular issued to local authorities informing them of certain steps by which the government proposes to ensure certain buildings whose maintenance is essential. The circular states that there is not likely to be any shortage of normal building material for the purpose of repair, but corrugated iron sheets, asbestos sheets and roofing left may be in great demand. The government is purchasing stock of such materials and are setting up stores in a number of selected places in the country where desired purchases may be made. (BLC) Ul83. Repair of war damage. Housing accommodation (Circular 1810) Great Britain, Ministry of Health 1939, August 18, London, H, M. Stationery Office. (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N. I.) I4.I8I4., Repairs for bombed works THE TIMES TRADE AND ENGINEERING (London) March, Vol. XLVTII, No. 925, p. 23 The post of Director of Emergency Construction within the Building Priority Department "to exercise general direction and control over the buildings programme throughout the country. The objective is to concentrate on the repair of vital factories and buildings with the greatest possible speed so that war production will suffer as little as possible." (DLC) km. Repairs to damaged houses THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) November 8, Vol. 49, No. 2I4.9U, 'p. 11+33 A question asked by Mr. Smith as' to what powers local authorities have other than those of the Housing (Emergency Powers.) Act, 1939, considering temporary and permanent re- pairs to any of their homes damaged by enemy action. Ac- cording to Mr, M, MacDaniels local authorities: need no special power, (DLC) ” « 499 WAR DAMAGE - REPAIR 4186, Repairs to war damaged -property THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, November 8, Vol, 49? No, 2494? p. 1421 Describes delay by owners of property in effecting repairs of damage caused by air raids due to the fact that some owners in the borough are assisting in this task, others are not, although they may be able to do so. (DLC) 418?. Replacement of damaged property; rates and other legal troubles. JUSTICE OF THE PSaCE (London) 1940, October 19? Vol. 104, No. 42, p, 581 Repair and use of property damaged by enemy action, (DLC) 4188, Replacing war damaged windows THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1941? April IS, Vol. 49? No. 2516, p. 462 Probably the most widespread damage caused to buildings is the destruction of windows by blast. The Ministry of Home Security advises that it is unwise to replace broken glass and to avoid porous materials. Opaque substitutes are suitable materials, such as sheet steel, composite sheets of asbestos and steel, hard wallboards, combinations of wire mesh and bituminous sheeting alone, plywood and plaster board. (DLC) 4189, Schnelle behebung von fliegerschaden an betriebgebauden (Prompt removal of air raid damages from factory works) ZEMENT WOCHENSCHRIFT FÜR HOCH UND TIEF (Berlin) 1940, October 10, Vol, 29, Copy 41? p. 531 Preparations for immediate restoration of damages done to factories and dwelling homes by enemy aircraft. (DPR) 4190, Schnellste beSättigung von Bomben-Schaeden (Quickest repair of damages caused by bombs) DEUTSCHE BAUZEITUNG (Berlin) 1941? February 5? Vol. 75? No. 6, p, 86 Purpose; Immediate relief from material cares for the sufferers. Responsible authorities are the mayors, the Governors and the General Building Inspectors. Immediate examination of the damage and decision regarding provisional shelters for the sufferers. Slight damages to be instantly repaired; laborers and .’material for repairs to be made avail- 500 WAR DAMAGE - REPAIR able at once. Extent of damage and means employed for its repair to be reported as soon as possible. In case of total destruction, repair work to begin when undisturbed labor- action can be guaranteed, (Decree of January 16, 1941) (DLC) 4191. Sheeting for emergency repairs THE BUILDER (London) ~ 1941, January 10, Vol. 160, No. 5U0, p. 73 "Palfpop", a new sheeting composed of strong canvas-like material firmly cemented to a base of stout water-resistant brown paper, has been placed on the market, for carrying out emergency repairs to windows, ceilings and roofs of buildings damaged by enemy action, (DLC) 4192* Temporary repair of war damage to dwelling houses THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1941, April 18, Vol. 49, No. 2516, p. 459 The salvage and storage of tenants' furniture. On any damage occurring the warden reports to the police and the fire master, and the principal ARP officer, the town clerk. Methods of rescue work, materials required for first aid repairs, the procedure of restoring furniture and provision of safeguards, etc,, explained, (DLC) 4193* War damage THE LAW TIMES (London) 1940, December 7, Vol. 190, -No. 5097,. p. 239 "The position created by the Housing (Emergency Powers) Act, 1939, is that the Corporation has certain powers to carry out temporary repairs, and with the consent of the Ministry of Health, in certain cases and subject to certain conditions to carry out permanent repairs if the owner is unable or un- willing to do sc." The Ministry have authorised local author- ities to carry out permanent repairs provided the cost of any single case does not exceed 30 pounds. This shows that the nature of the assistance which it is in the power of local authorities to give, is limited. (DLC) 4194* War damage THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, December 27, Vol. 49, No. 2500, p. 1654 A discussion of emergency repairs and supplies of materials: 501 WAR DAMAGE - REPAIR timber, materials from demolished buildings, labor, the health aspect. Suggestions for planning in advance of air raids. (DLC) 4195* War damage LABOUR (London) 1941, May, Vol. 3, No. 9, p. 852 Under the War Damage Acts an-insurance plan has been worked out which provides compensation for damage resulting from enemy action. The act effective May 1, 1941, covers furni- ture, clothes, household belongings, etc.,and damage to the amount of 200 pounds is covered free of charge. Additional coverage can be had at a premium. Coverage is retroactive. (DLC) 4196, War damage - emergency repairs and supplies of materials THE JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (LondonJ“. 1940, December 14, Vol. 104, No. 50, p. 696 Availability of various building materials. Suggestions as to type of damage calling for immediate repair, (DLC) 4197. War damage repair and compensation In Royal Institute of British Architects. Journal.(London) 1940, October 21, Vol. 47, No. 12, p. 267 The architect should be well informed of the government pro*- cedurs in organization of war-damage repair work. Provisions of the Housing Act which give the local authorities privi- leges to act where they are satisfied. (DLC) 4198» War damage to buildings THE MUNICIPAL J0URML(London) 1939, September 15, Vol. 48, No. 2433, pp. 2038, 2041-2042 Under the provisions of the Housing (Emergency Powers) Act, 1939, local authorities are empowered to moke fit for hous- ing purposes buildings damaged by war, and to act similarly with regards to other classes of buildings whose maintenance is essential to the welfare of the civil population. (DLC) 4199. War emergency repairs organization In Institution of Municipal and County Engineers. Journal.(London) 1941, March 4, Vol. 67, No. 10, p, 225 (chart p. 226) Chart of complicated sections useful to billeting officer and 502 WAR DAMAGE - REPAIR classifying surveyor for furniture removals. Save inconven- ience to owners. (DLC) WAR INJURY (Civilian) 4200. Blinded civilian casualties THE LANCET (London) 1940, February 3, Vol. 238, No. 6075, p. 251 Arrangements made with St. Dunstan1s Hospital by the Minis- ter of Health for the treatment of civilian casualties who may become blind as a result of war. They are to be given surgical treatment and such immediate rehabilitation as re- quires medical supervision. Payment will be made by the Ministry under the emergency hospital scheme. (DLC) 4201. Personal injuries-(Emergency provisions) act, 1939 Great Britain. Parliament 1939, London, H. M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York,,N. Y. . 4202. Shock THE LANCET (London) 3941, June, Vol. 240, No. 6146, pp. 769-770 Wound shock resulting from experiences in air raids. (DLC) WAR INJURY (Civilian) - COMPENSATION 4203. Air raid precautions LABOUR (London) 1941, January, Vol. 3, No. 5, p. 714 The Newspaper Proprietors Association has offered a scheme to cover the risk of injury or death to any member of their staff while at work or going to work during air raids; A trust fund of 200,000 pounds has been established for this purpose, and will be administered jointly by the Newspaper Proprietors Association and the Printing and Kindred Trades F e de ration. (DLC) 503 WAR INJURY (Civilian) - COMPENSATION 4204. Approved society and war Injuries LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE (London) 1939; October, Vol. 19, No. 1Ö, p. 308. (DLC) 4205. Belfast workers and raids THE TRANSPORT WORLD (London) 1941, April 26, Vol. LXXXIX, No. 28$6, p. 173 ' Employees of the Belfast Transport Department injured while on duty through an air raid are eligible for full time wages while absent from duty for a maximum period of 26 weeks - subject to approval of Ministry of Home Affairs. (DLC) 4206. Compensation for war injuries to civilians THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London) 1940, August 10, Vol. 64, No. 6, p. 46 ... Plans for increased allowances and pensions for injuries due : to air raids: temporary and permanent grants; pension rates ’for serious and prolonged disablement; payment allowances through assistance board; provisions for civilians who * become psychological•casualties. (DSG) 4207. Limb and livelihood THE ECONOMIST (London) 1940, September 21, Vol. CXXXIX, No. 5065, p. 366 Heretofore many workers were disinclined to continue work after the air raid warning has sounded because they did not wish to jeopardize their chances of gaining compensation if injured as a result of their refusal to quit working. The government’s new pplicy now removes that fear by seeing to it that such risks (as the worker takes) are compensated for. The present .aim is to have no cessation of work in important service. (DLC) ’ "" - 4208. The personal injuries (Civilians) scheme, dated September 14, 1939 (1113) Great Britain. Statutory Rules and Orders 1939. London, H. M, Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y.) 504 WAR INJURY (Civilian) - COMPENSATION 4209. Personal injuries connected with civil defence THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London) 1940, October 5, Vol. 64, Ho. 14, p. 114 The Government and its .general liability for injuries' caused by defense measures; no compensation for falls in the black- out; manner in which compensation is paid regular employees of local authority; the duty of every citizen to keep out injuries. (DSG) 4210. The personal in.1n.ries (injury allowance) regulations, dated October 16, 1939 “(1435) Great Britain, Statutory Rules and Orders 1939. London, H.M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, 50 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y.) 4211. Practical points; problems on emergency legislation THE LAW JOURNAL-(London) 1941, February 15, Vol. XCI, Ho. 3918, p. 72 . The following subjects are reviewed in this article: compen- sation for personal injuries received by civilians; the per- formance of certain duties which they have volunteered to assume; subtenancy and partnership property adjustments. (DLC) 4212. The question of compensation THE TIMES TRADE AND ..ENGINEERING (London) 1940, October, Vol. XLVII, No, 920, p. 3 "The pension or compensation rights of workers will not be prejudiced by their continuing working after,..the public air raid warning has sounded," The workers’ rights to compensation for any personal injury suffered under such conditions, or their rights, under present insurance poli- cies, are in no way jeopardized. (DLC) 4213. Relief for civilian victims of air attack Brown, M* A, GEORGE WASHINGTON LAW REVIEW (Washington, D.C.) 1940, December, Vol. 9, p. 172 Personal injuries act prescribes payment of benefits to gainfully employed civilians or civil defense volunteers injured as a result of air attack. (DLC) 505 WAR RELIEF 4214. Billeting; in Liverpool In Royal Sanitary Institute, Journal. (London) 1941, April, Vol. LXI, No. 4, p. 143 The billeting of persons made homeless by air raids. (DLC) 4215. Bomb-shocked little minds, England* s most heartbreaking casual ties Allison, George F, AMERICAN WEEKLY (New York)' 1941, May 4, p. 4 The persistent bombings of London and other British cities and tox'ms have done distressing damage to the minds of children. Miss Anna Freud, daughter of the famous psycho- analyst has dedicated herself to salvage the minds of these helpless children. Psychoanalysis is made through play, • and treatment is prescribed according to a sanitarium or clinic, financed by the American Committee for Air Raid Relief. (DLC) 4216. Caring for air-raid victims THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL (London) 1941, January 17, Vol, 49, No, 2503, p. 6? The problem of the homeless is being solved by billeting, emergency hostles, and rehousing. First aid repairs on damaged houses, (DLC) 4217. Distressed areas THE ECONOMIST (London) ' 1940, August 17, Vol. CXXXIX, No. 5060, p. 213 Coastal defence areas, hard hit by evacuation are clamoring for government aid to local authorities and business under- takings. The problem has many aspects. Viz. - what the government should do about distress of those evacuated, people thrown out of work, or out of business, etc. In any case individuals and families, thrown into destitution, must be maintained, to train and put them to work as soon as possible, and to compensate individuals, and firms for loss of business good will, etc, (DLC) 4218. England and Wales (war-time welfare centres) ' THE BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL (London) 1940, April 1, Vol, 1, No. 4135, p. 584 Several of the welfare centers closed after mothers and 506 WAR RELIEF children had been evacuated September 1940. (DLC) 4219. First aid posts as temporary welfare centers THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London) 1940, February 24, Vol, 63, No. 1643, p. 69 A scheme has been introduced by which the ARP First Aid Posts wall be used also as welfare centers. One of the benefits derived from uniting these agencies was to give some measure of activity to the personnel of first aid posts who were weary lounging around waiting for employ- ment of their time. (DLC) 4220. Housing the homeless at Manchester and Salford THE MOSTc IP ATT”JÖÜRNALTLondon) 1940, February 14, Vol. 49, No. 2507, p. 204 Outlines a housing scheme in Manchester and Salford wrhereby large houses will be taken over and operated by the Govern- ment for persons made homeless by air raids; explains finan- cial adjustments with property owners. (DLC) 4221. London-reborn Lindsay, Kenneth BRITAIN TO-DAY (London) 1940, November 29, Vol. 70, No. 41, pp. 8-12, illus. Explanation of the civil defense service activities in rehabilitating the citizens after air raid damages in London. Aerial attacks have simplified life in London. (DLC) 4222. The Lord Mayor* s National Air Raid Distress Fund THE SIGNAL (London) 1941, April, Vol. 20, No. 4, p. 86 Donations are made to Lord Mayor's National Fund to assist victims of air raids. Grants are made not to relieve the Government of obligations but for the immediate distress from enemy bombing. (DLC) 4223. National air raid distress fund THE AMALGAMATED ENGINEERS UNION MONTHLY JOURNAL. (London) 1941, March, Vol, 8, Mo. 3, P« 63 An air raid distress fund for London was opened by the Lord Mayor in September. This fund became national in character 507 WAR RELIEF due to mass attacks and ample funds have been placed at the disposal of cities and towns that have been attacked. This fund is not to be used to relieve the Government or local authorities of any obligation taken by them, (DLC) U22li, Persons made homeless by enemy action - establishment of informa- tion centres THE SUVEYÖR (London) ; January 2h, Vol. XCIX, No. 2557, p. h2 Various problems, with which the homeless or those suffering loss are faced, through persistent air-raids, to be met oy establishment of information centres. These services, staffed with persons of sympathy and intelligence, to be located at town halls or some well known building or point easy of. access from all parts of a district. Some units provided actual assistance as well as information. Also available mobile centers dispensing some services through scattered areas. (DPR) h225* Rehabilitation of the injured THE BRITISH MEDTCALToWNÜTTLondon) 19l|l, April 5, Vol. 1, No. iil°7, pp. 501-506 The principles underlying the process of rehabilitation; methods of treatment for Injured miners; standardization of results; basis for judging the success in rehabilitation. (DSG) • i|226. Re-housing of persons rendered homeless by enemy action; need for regional organization • ■ ’ JUSTICE OF THE PEACE’ (London) 19Ul, February 22, Vol. 105, p. 113 Text of resolutions passed by Lancashire Association of Urban District Councils. (DLC) U227. Relief of people homeless owing to air raids: Hall corporation’s scheme before Minister of Health THE MITIC IP IAL JOURNAL (London) 1939, October 20, Vol. U8, No. 2U38, p. 2215 Covers three phases of work; the immediate reception and care of persons affected, the rehousing of such persons and feeding arrangements. (DLC) U228, Repairing damage in London (nurses heroism) THE OBSERVER (London) 19U0, August 18, No. 7736, p. 8 The work of salvage and repair found very satisfactory. WAR RELIEF nursing staff at first aid posts perform heroic work; initiation of local relief funds» (DLC) WARTIME BUILDING, See BUILDING, WARTIME WARDENS, See PERSONNEL , ■ ' WARNING SIGNALS 1*229. Aircraft warning . WESTERN 'CITY '(lös Angeles) 19kl, July, Vol. XVII, No. ?, p. 16 An aircraft warning service has been organized for the purpose of creating, observation posts throughout the West, This aircraft warning service is to be adapted to local conditions and manned by civilians who will be trained by the United States Air Force. (DLC) U230. . Air raid warning signals (Circular 703033/2) Great Britain. Air Raid Precautions Department 19385 May ii, London. H. M. Stationery Office (Available at British Library of Information, £0 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, N.Y.) I4.23I• ARP in industry - intercommunication THE SECRETARY~(Cambridge, England) 1939, August,- Vol.- XXXVI, No, 8, p. 6?6 "An adequate and frequently tested domestic system of warn- ing signal must be installed to convey the external warning signal to all employees, and it must be capable of instant operation by the listener appointed to receive the external warning. Communications from the control post to the ARP service of the local authorities should be maintained at all ’ times."-(DLC) . 1*232, Electrical alarm systems for ARP ELECTRICAL TRADING AND RADIO MARKETING (London) I9I1I, April, Vol. 12, No. 138, p. 2i* ■ ■ Electrical,firms are helping to defeat the air menace; for WARNING SIGNALS example a bomb and siren detector has been developed,consist- ing of a sensitive rod microphone which will pick up sources of falling incendiary explosions and siren signals, relaying them through a loud speaker installed in a shelter, control- room or similar position. (DLC) U233• Light air raid warnings ELECTRICAL* REVIEW (London') 19li0, November 3, Vol. 128, No. 3235, p. 20 Flickering lights have been suggested as a method of indicat- ing air raid warnings. The idea was to have small metal box containing a 5> ¥ orange lamp clamped to the standards at stopping,places, and when notice of warning was received, an automatic switch would be operated and all lamps would flicker and continue during an air raid warning, thereby’assisting both drivers and passengers of the Corporation’s vehicles. Installation is being sought, (DLC) U23U. Net gives warning when incendiary bombs land POPULAR SCIENCE (New York) 19Ul, March, Vol. 138, No. 3, p. 5U, illus, A warning net eliminates the risky business of stationing a watchman on'top of a building to keep a look-out for incendi- ary bombs. It is suspended just beneath the ceiling of the top floor, and attached at the edges to a cord. This cord is hocked to a switch which in turn is connected to a warning bell; which rings if an incendiary bomb should penetrate- the ceiling and yank the net, (DLC) WATER SUPPLY I|235> • How to purify your 'drinking water Mackenzie, E. F, W. ■ ■■ PUBLIC HEALTH (London) 19U0, October, Vol. LIV, No. 1, p. 10 All possible precautions have been taken throughout the country in order to maintain a constant supply of pure water. Even, ao in places where there are severe air raids, the water system may get damaged, resulting possibly in the contamination of water or the supply may be temporarily,interrupted, hence the follow- ing instructions are given: boil water or use chlorinated soda solution, Nilton or'Chlor-San., or ten drops of chlorine dis— 510 WATER SUPPLY infectant as a safe-guard against certain types of illness caused by drinking impüre water. (DLC) U236• Metropolitan water boards ARP scheme THE SURVEYOR JhondonY 1938, April, Vol. XCIII, No. 21*11,’ p. £08 The question was 'asked in ‘the House of Commons in what way the water supply might be jeopardized or become insufficient in case of destruction from air raids. The Home Secretary pointed out the scheme that had been given consideration by the Metropolitan Water Board, which placed special emphasis on pumping construction and repairing and replacing damage done, (DLC) 1*237. Okhrana ot khimicheskogo zarazheniia istochnikov vodosnabzheniia (Protection of sources of water supply against toxic gases and chemicals) Zaitsev, S. . VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBOROWY (Moscow) 1937, No. 7, pp. 20-21* A plan for protecting the sources of water supply is outlined in this article. Consideration is given to the detection of chemicals, decontamination of water, construction of special sheltered walls, and protection of springs, (DLC) 1*238, Precautions taken to protect Londonfs water supply Mackenzie, E. F, W, PUBLIC HEALTH (London) 191*1, July, Vol. LIV, No. 10, pp. 186-187 The following topics are. discussed; 1. "Pollution of river, water supply. The methods of defense against pollution and the anticipated effects of aerial bombardment upon the proc- ess as used are listed. 2. Pre-chlorination, The water is chlorinated before it passes to the filters to guard against pollution through loss of storage or damage to filter beds. 3. Protection of works and reservoirs, an explanation of elaborate precautions taken and advisibility of boiling water to insure further safety suggested by issue of notices through ARP organization, 1*. Protective sampling, 5. Ef- fectiveness of protective measures, (DLC) 1*239. Public water supply in the civil defense program Jordon, Harry E, In American Water Works Association, Journal. (Baltimore) 19l*l, January, pp. 128 A discussion of precautionary measures for safeguarding 511 WATER SUPPLY water for civilian consumption,. Protective lighting equip- ment should be installed where necessary in water supply structures. Provision should be made for reinforcement of the supply and distribution system. Sterilization of drink- ing water by use of chemicals and boiling,'(DLC) 4240. PVO vodoprovodnoi set!i (Air raid defense of water supply lines) Falkovsky, N, I, 0 VODOSNABZHENIE I 3ANITARMAIIA TEKHNIKA (Moscow) 1940, No, 1, pp. 6-10, 4241« Safety of drinking water-recommended precautions THE SURVEYOR (London) 1941, January 3, Vol. XCIX, No. 2554, p, 2 Where severe damage has been done to mains and water works, as a result" of air, raids, boiling of all water for drinking and culinary purposes is advised. Boiling being impossible, chlorinated soda solution for its purification is recommended to consumers to be used as prescribed, (DPR) 4242, Der Schutz von wasseranlagen vor Luftangriff (The Protection of water works against air raids) GESUNDHEITS INGENIEUR .(Berlin-Munich) 1939, October 7, Vol. 62,'No. 40,. p, 603 ■Methods for safe-guarding water works during a bomb attack. Difficulties involved in large cities. (DSO) 4243* Stadtenwasserung und Luftschutz (Gity watering supply and aerial protection) GESUNDHEITS INGENIEUR (Berlin-Munich') 1939, April, Vol. 69, Copy 14, p. 198 The importance of establishing separate water supply systems. Protection of water systems from gas poisoning. Provisions for underground water mains, (D3G) 4244. The sterilization of bombed water mains THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London) 1940, November 30, Vol. 64, No. 22, pp. 1Ö3-186 The primary objective in effective sterilization; procedure for sterilizing small mains; description and efficiency of mobile chlorination; fractured mains and the danger of bacterial infection; adequate sterilization and prompt res- toration of water mains on morale of the people, (DSG) 512 WATER SUPPLY 4245. Water economy in wartime THE MEDICAL OFFICER (London) 1941, March 29, Vol. 65, No. 13, p. 10? Mr, N, J. Pugh, water engineer of the City of Coventry has warned the public that the reduction in water consumption must be made, "The incident of heavy air raid damage, re- quirements for fire fighting, loss through damaged pipe work in houses, and other calls on the undertaking,' including dis- location in pumping due to damaged pipe lines and failure of electricity must be considered as an ever present danger. This danger must be met by maintaining the greatest possible quantity of water in service reservoirs," The water is being sterilized against wartime condition, (DSG) 4246, Water supplies and war risks THE MEDICAL OFFICER (LondonJ 1940, October 19, Vol. 64, No. 16, p. 132 The immediate danger of pollution to water supply during air raids; safety factors for the consumers; preventive measures against infection, (DSG) 4247• Waterworks defence CANADIAN CHEMISTRY AND PROCESS INDUSTRIES (Toronto) 1941, July, Volw 25, No. 7, p. 368 A discussion of the papers presented at the Conference of the American Water Works association on the protection of water works from enemy action and corrosion. Subjects: 1. cathodic protection of water tanks; 2, experimental studies on tank coating materials; 3. effects of electric grounding on water pipes; 4- water conditioning, (DLC) 4248, Water supplies for rural area THE COMMERCIAL MOTOR (London) 1941, July 4, Vol. LXXIII, No. 1894, p. 440 Local water supply shortage not considered very serious in normal times but termed dangerous in the present time; due to the dropping of incendiary bombs anywhere. Adequate water supplies are inadequate, means must be adopted to meet the shortage. Transporting water from the nearest point is perhaps the only solution to the problem in most cases, (DLC) 513 APPENDIX A — SERIALS CONSULTED ACCOUNTANCY. London, 1889- Monthly. 28cra. DLC: HF560.A15 A.G.A.E.M, BULLETIN (ASSOCIATION OF GAS AND ELECTRICAL MANUFACTURERS) New York, 1935- Monthly. 28cm. DLC: TP7008 AIR RAID DEFENSE LEAGUE■BULLETIN. London, 1939- Monthly. 2l|cm. DLC: UG635.G7A13 AIR TRAILS. New York, 1937- Monthly. 29ycm. DLC;. TL501.B5 AIRCRAFT-ENGINEERING. London, 1920- Monthly. 35cm. DLC; TL501.A5615 THE AMALGAMATED ENGINEERS. London, 1895- Monthly. 21ycm. DLC; HD6668.E5A5 THE AMALGAMATED JOURNAL. Pittsburgh, Pa., 1900- Weekly. 53cm. DLC; HD6350.I5A5 aMERIGAN ASSOCIATION OF UNIVERSITY WOMEN, JOURNAL. Washington, 1885- Quart er ly. 27cm, DLC: LC1756.A.2A5 THE AMERICAN CITY. New York, 1909- Monthly, 25|cm. DLC; HT101.A5 AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION. JOURNAL. Baltimore, 1925- Quarterly. 25ycm. DLC; RM215.A6 AMERICAN DRUGGIST. ■ New York, 1871- Monthly. 23-26cm. DLC; RSI. A5 AMERI G UI JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY. Baltimore,.1921- Quarterly. 25cm. DLC; RC321.A52 AMERICAN■LIBRARY ASSOCIATION. BULLETIN. Chicago, 1907- Bimonthly. 25ycm. DLC; ZÓ73.A53 AMERICA MEDICAL ASSOCIATION. JOURNAL. Chicago,‘ 1883- Weekly. 294cm. DLC; R15.A8 THE AMERICAN OBSERVER. Washington, 1931- Weekly. 5l|cm.’ DLC: AP2.A3973 AMERICAN SOCIOLOGICAL REVIEW. Menasha, Wis., 1936- Bimonthly. 25|cm. DLC’; HM1.A75- ■ • ' AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION. JOURNAL. Baltimore, 1915- Quarterly. 23scm. DLC; TD201.A512 AMERICAN WEEKLY. Chicago, 1901- 29cm. DLC; BR1.A55, ANNALES D1 HYGIENE PUBLIQUE, INDUSTRIELLE, ET SOCIALE. Paris, 1879- Monthly. 22cm. DLC; RA521.A6 ANNALES DES FALSIFICATIONS ET DES FRAüDES• Daris, 1908- Monthly. 25cm. DLC: TX501.A6 ANWALT DI MEDICINA NAVALE ET COLONIALE. Rome, 1895- Yearly, 23^cm. DLCs R61.A6 ANNALS OF SURGERY. New York, 1885- Monthly. 24cm. DLC: RD1.A5 THE ARCHITECT iND BUILDING NEWS . London, 1869- Weekly. 33cm. DLC: NA1.A4. THE ARCHITECTURAL RECORD. New York, 1891- Monthly. 26cm. DLC: NA1.A6 ARCHIV FÜR DIE GESAMTE PSYCHOLOGIE. Leinzig, 1903- Irregular. 24cm. DLC: BF3.A7 ARCHIV FÜR RASSEN-UND-GESELL'SCHAFTS-BIOLOGIE• -Berlin, 1904- Bimonthly. 25cm. DLC; HM5.A7 ARCHIVES MEDICARES BELGES. Brussels, 1848-'Monthly. 23cm. (DSG) ARCHIVES MEDICARES D’ANGERS. Anglers, 1897- Monthly. 23cm. (DSö) THE ARGONAUT. San Francisco, 1877- Weekly, 24cm, DLC; AP4, A68 THE AUSTRALIAN TRAVELLER. Melbourne, Australia, 1935- Monthly, 37cm. DLC: HF5441.A15 AUTOMOBILE FACTS. Detroit, 1938- Monthly. 29cm. DLC:.TLI,A661 BANKING. New York, 1908- Monthly. 25-30|-cm. DLC: HG1501.B6 BATHS AND BATH ENGINEERING. London, 1934- Monthly. 27-28cm. DLC; TH763.A1B3 DIE BAUTECHNIK. Berlin, 1923- Monthly, 34cm. DLC: TH3J$ BEAMA JOURNAL. London, 1915- Monthly. 2G|cm. DLC: TJ1.B4 BERLINER KLINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT. Berlin, 1866- Weekly. 22-23^-cm. DLC: Z2005.B72 THE BOOKSELLER. London, 1858- Weekly. 24-29cm. DLC: Z2005.B72 BRICK AND CLAY RECORD, Chicago, 1894- Semimonthly* 26-30g-cm, DLC: TP785.B8 BRITAIN TODAY. • London, 1939- Biweekly, 24-gcm, DLC: Periodical Division BRITISH AND COLONIAL PRINTER AND STATIONER. London, 1912- Weekly. DLC: Z119.B83 BRITISH BROADCASTING CORPORATION. London, 19-28|-cm, DLC: TK6540 THE BRITISH EXPORT GAZETTE, London, 1908- Weekly* • 30cm* DEC; Periodical Division# BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY, ' INCORPORATING THE ROYAL LONDON OPTHALMIC REVIEW, ANDT HE OPHTHALMOSCOPE. London, 1917- Monthly.., 26cm. (DSG) THE BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHOTOGRAPHY. London,'1854- Monthly. 30cm. DLCsTRl.BS * BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL. London, 1857- Weekly. 27cm. DLC:R31.B93 BRITISH PLASTICS AND MOULDED' PRODUCTS TRADER. London, 1929- Monthly, 30|-cm. DLC ;TP986,A1B6 i. THE BRITISH PRINTER. London, 1888- Bimonthly. 28-|cm, .DLC;Z119.B86 THE BRITISH 'TRADE JOURNAL AND EXPORT WORLD, London,. 1863- Monthly. 224-cm. DLC ;HF11,B7 THE BRITISH WEEKLY, London, 1886- Weekly, 28cm. DLC:AP4.B84 BRUXELLES MEDICALE Brussels, 1921- Weekly. 28cm. (DSG) THE BUILDER. London, 1842- Weekly. 34onu DLC:NA1.B5 BULLETIN DE L’ACADEMIE DE MEDICINE, Paris, 1881- Monthly 8. (DSG) BULLETIN DE LA SOCIETE SCISNTIFIQUE d'»HYGIENE AŁIMENTAIRE, Paris, 1912- 10 issues a year, 23cm, (DSG) BULLETIN INTERNATIONAL DES. SERVICES DE SANTE DES ARMEES DE TERRE, DE MER, ET DE L*AIR, Liege, 1928- Monthly. 24cm. (DSG) BULLETIN OF WAR MEDICINE,* (BULLETIN NO. 2), Great Britain. Medical Research Council, 1940- bimonthly. DLC;Document Division BUSINESS, London, 1902- Monthly, .24jcm. DDC.sHF500.B9 THE BYSTANDER,' London, 1903-Weekly. 29-Jcm. DLG;AP4.B97 CANADA’S WEEKLY. New York, 1934- Weekly. 33cm. DLC;HC111.C2 CANADIAN CHEMISTRY AND METALLURGY, Toronto. 1920- Monthly. 30cm. DLC;TP1,C2 ; CANADIAN CHEMISTRY AND PROCESS INDUSTRIES. Toronto, 1918- See CANADIAN CHEMISTRY AND METALLURGY . THE CATHOLIC WORLD, New York, 1865- Monthly. 24cm, DLC;AP2.C3 CAVALCADE. London, 1936- Weekly. DLC;AP4,C37 THE CAXTON MAGAZINE. London, 1901- Monthly. . 28cm, DLC: Z119.C38 THE CHIEF, London, 1897- Weekly Newspaper. DLC; Periodical Division CHIEF ENGINEER, Chicago, 1935- Monthly. 22cm. DLC; TA1.C385 THE CHILDRENf.S NEWSPAPER, London, 1919- Weekly, 36jcm, DLC; AP201.C57 CHINA AT WAR, Chungking, China, 1938- Monthly, 20cm, DLC; 777.53A1C5 CHRISTIAN SCIENCE MONITOR, Boston, 1908- Weekly. 40jcm. DLC: AP2.C525 CIVIL ENGINEERING, London, 1930- Monthly. 31cm, DLC; TA1.C4552 LA CLINICA OSTET RICA, Rome, 1899- Monthly. 24jcm. , (DSG) COAST ARTILLERY JOURNAL, Washington, 1892- Monthly, 25cm, DLC: WF1.J86 COLLIERY ENGINEERING, London, 1924- Monthly, 30jcm. DLC: TN1.C765 THE COLLIERY GUARDIAN. London, 1858- Weekly, 42Jem. DLC; TN1.C77 THE COMMERCIAL MOTOR, London, 1905- Weekly. 30cm, DLC: TL1.C58 CONCRETE (CEMENT MILLS EDITION). Detroit, 1904- Monthly, 3oJcm. DLC: A680.72. COUNTRY LIFE, .London, 1897- Weekly, 37cm, DLC: S3C9 t COVENTRY ENGINEERING SOCIETY. JOURNAL, , London, 1937- Bimonthly, 22cm. DLC: Smithsonian Division, THE ”DAILY MAIL" LONDON YEAR BOOK. London, 1901-lSbm. DLC: AY755.L8D17 DAUGHTERS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION MAGAZINE, Washington, 1892- Monthly, 24-|-25Jem, DLC: E202.5A12 DEUTSCHE APOTHEKER ZEITUNG. Berlin, 1866- Semiweekly (when published, otherwise irregular), 21cm, (DSG). DEUTSCHE BAUZEITUNG. Berlin, 1867- Weekly. 33cm. DLC:.TA3,D4 DEUTSCHE LUFTWACHT (LUFTWEHR), Berlin, 1936- Monthly. 29jcm. DLC: Aeronautical Division, DEUTSCHE MEDIZINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT, Leipzig, 1875- Weekly. 33cm. (DSG) DER DEUTSCHE MILITÄRARZT, Berlin, 1956- Monthly, 27cm. (DSG) 517 DEUTSCHE REVUE• Berlin, 1877- Monthly. 25cm, DLC: AP30.D35 EL DIA MEDICO. Buenos Aires, 1930- Monthly. 39-g-cm, (DSG) THE ECONOMIST. London, 1843- Weekly, DLC: HG1UE2 THE EDUCATIONAL RECORD. Washington, 1920- Quarterly, 23cm, DLC: L11.E46 THE ELECTRICAL AGE. London, 1934- Monthly. 28cm, • DLC: TK1.E24 ELECTRICAL NEWS AND ENGINEERING. Toronto,,1891- Monthly, 30|cm -35cm. DLC; TK1.E365 THE ELECTRICAL REVIEW. London, 1872- Monthly. 25-33cm. DLC: TK1.E44 ELECTRICAL TRADING AND RADIO MARKETING. London, 1939- Monthly, 30cm. DLC: Periodical Division THE. ELECTRICIAN. London, 1862- Weekly, 29cm, DLC; TK1.E63 ENGINEER. London, 1856- Weekly. '27cm, DLC; TA1.E55 ENGINEERING. London, 1866-‘Weekly, DLC: TA1.E55 ENGINEERING AND CONTRACT RECORD, Toronto, 1901- Weekly. 34cm. DLC; TH1.C84 ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF CANADA. Montreal, 1907- Semimonthly. 23cm. (Miscellaneous printed matter) DLC; TA1.C259. *• • THE ENGINEERING JOURNAL. Montreal, 1918- Monthly, 31cm, DLC: TA1.E584 ENGINEERING NEWS-RECORD, New York, 1874- Weekly, 30jcm. DLC: TÄ1.E61 ENGLISH MECHANICS AND WORLD OF SCIENCE, London, 1865- Weekly. 37jcm, DLC: T1.E52 ENGLISH SPEAKING WORLD. London, 1919- Monthly. 29|cm. DLC;AP2.E57 THE FIELD. London, 1853- Wleekly, 37cm. DLC; GV1.F3 THE FIFTH CORPS NEWS AND DIAMOND DUST. Indianapolis, 1922- Weekly, DLC: Periodical Division, THE FIGHTING FORCES. London, 1924- Quarterly, 25cm, DLC; V1.F5 FINANCIAL TIMES, London, 1888- Daily, DLC; Periodical Division FIRE ENGINEERING, New York, 1888- Daily, DLC: Periodical Division 518 FISH TRADES GAZETTE. London, I883- Weekly. 234cm. DLC: SH1.F81 THE FISHERMEN-WORKSRS TRIBUNE. St. Johns, Newfoundland, 1938- biweekly. DLC: Periodical FLIGHT. London, 1909- Weekly. 284cm. DLC; TL^Ol.Fp FORTSCHRITTE DER MEDICIN, Berlin, 1933- Semimonthly, 23acm, DLC: RSl.F? FORTUNE. New York, 1930- Monthly. 3o|cm. DLC: HF^OOl.F? FOUNDRY TRADE JOURNAL. London, 1902- Weekly. 31cm. DLC: TS200.F8 FRANKLIN INSTITUTE. JOURNAL. Philadelphia, 1826- Monthly. 23cm. GAS JOURNAL. London, 18U9- Weekly. lUjcm. DLC: TP700.J8 THE GAS WORLD. London, I88I4- Semiweekly. 33i-3Uic». DLC; TP700.G2 GEOGRAPHIC NEWS BULLETIN. Washington, 1919- Monthly. 23cm,. DLC: G1.G32 GEORGE WASHINGTON LAW REVIEW. Washington, 1932- Monthly. 2^|cm. DLC; Law Division GESUNDHEITS...INGENIEUR. Berlin, 1873- 3 issues a month. 3iijcm. DLC: TD3.G3 GIORNALE DI MEDICINE MILITARE. Rome, l8£l- Monthly. 2licm. DLC: RC970.G5' ‘ GRAZHDANSKAIA* AVIATISIIA, Moscow, 1931- Monthly. 254cm. DLC: TL50l|.G7 GUY1S HOSPITAL GAZETTE; London, 1872- Fortnightly. 2łifcm. (DSG) HARDWARE AND MACHINERY. Melbourne, I886- Monthly. 28cm. DLC: TS200.A8 THE HARTFORD AGENT. Hartford, 1909- Monthly. 2ócm. DLC: HG9780.H3 HAWAII. Honolulu, I9I4O- Semimonthly. 23cm. DLC: Periodical Division HEATING AND VENTILATING. New York, I90U- Monthly. 25icm. DLC: TH201.HU HEATING, PIPING, AND AIR CONDITIONING. Chicago, 1929- Monthly. 31cm. DLC: TH7201.Hi;5 THE HIGHWAY MAGAZINE. Chicago, 1909- Monthly. 28cm. DPR; 288.8H53 HIGHWAYS AND BRIDGES, INCORPORATING ’GOOD ROADS*. London, 193ił- Weekly. Itfcm. DPR: 290.8SU7 519 HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT• Chicago, 1916- Monthly. 30cm, (DSG) HOSPITALS (JOURNAL OE THE AMERICAN HOSPITAL ASSOCIATION),. Chicago, 1927- Monthly,.23 DLC: Smithsonian Division (unclassified) ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING. London, 1909- Monthly. 24-Jcin. DLC: TP700.I32 THE ILLUSTRATED CARPENTER AND BUILDER. London, 1877- Weekly, 32cm. DLC: AP4.I3 THE INDIAN .AND EASTERN ENGINEER. Calcutta, 1886- Monthly,' 34cm. DLC: TA1.I38 THE INDIAN REVIEW. Madras, 1900- Monthly. 24jcm. DLC; AP8.X4 5NDIA-RUBBER JOURNAL, London, 1884- Weekly. 29-|cm. DLC; TS1870I 27 INDUSTRIAL CANADA. Toronto, 1900- Monthly. 30|ciri. DLC; HC111.X4 INSTITUTE OF CIVIL ENGINEERS.. JOURNAL. -London; 1900- Monthly. 22cm. DLC; TA1.I635 INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS. TRANSACTIONS. Dublin, 1884- Monthly 23cm. DLC; TA1.I4 INSTITUTION OF MUNICIPAL AND COUNTY ENGINEERS. JOURNAL.“ London, 1873- Semimonthly, 22cm, DLC; TA1.I73 THE INSTITUTION OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS. JOURNAL. London, 1923- Monthly, 28cm. DLC; TA860.I54 THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHO-ANALYSIS. London, 1920- Quarterly. 27cm. DLC; HF173.A216 INTERNATIONAL HOLDERS’ JOURNAL, Cincinnati, 1863- Monthly, 24cm. DLC; 1717 r THE IRON AND COAL TRADES REVIEW. London, 1866- -Weekly. 38cm. DLC; TNI.17 THE JEWISH CHRONICLE. London, 1841- Weekly. 37cm. DLC; AP92.J3 THE JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY. Boston, 1906- Bimonthly. 24cm, DLC; RC321.J7 JOURNAL OF AVIATION MEDICINE.’ St. Paul, 1930- Quarterly. 25|cm, DLC; TL555,A1A4 520 THE JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL WORKERS AND OPERATORS, Washington, 1902- Monthly, 23j-31om, DLC: RD6350.E3J7 JOURNAL OF MEDICINE,,,, PARIS, 1813- 3 nos, in 1 volume, 20|cm. DLC: R41.J8 JUSTICE OF THE PEACE. London, 1937- Weekly. 28cm. DLC: (S24R1) KAZANSKU MED. ZHURNAL, Kazan., 1904- Monthly. 24cm, DLC: RQ1.K2 LABOUR, London, 1933- Monthly. 30cm, DLC: HD4805.L13 TEE LANCET. London, 1823- Weekly. 33cm. DLC: R31.L3 LAND AND LIBERTY, London, 1894-Monthly, 28cm. DLC: Periodical Division THE LAW JOURNAL, London, 1866- Weekly, 3oJcm. DLC: Law Division THE LAW TIMES, London, 1843- 'Meekly. DLC: Law Division THE LIBRARY ASSOCIATION RECORD, London, 1880- Monthly. 25cm. DLC: Z671.L693 LIFE, Chicago, 1936- Weekly. 35cm, DLC; AP2.L547 THE LIVING AGE. New York, 1844- Weekly. 24cm. DLC: AP2.L65 LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE, London, 1911- Monthly, 28cm. DLC: JS40.M75 LUFTFAHRT UND SCHULE, Berlin, 1935- Monthly, 30cm. DLC; Aeronautical Division THE MANCHESTER GUARDIAN, Manchester, 1821- Daily, DLC: Periodical Division THE MARINE CORPS GAZETTE. Washington, 1916- Quarterly. 25Jem. DLC: VE7.M14 MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA, Sydney, 1913- Weekly. 27Jem. (DSG) THE MEDICAL OFFICER, London, 1908- Weekly, 3oJcm. (DSG) THE MEDICAL PRESS AND CIRCULAR, London, 1866- Weekly, 28cm, (DSG) THE MEDICAL RECORD. New York, 1866- Weekly. 25jcm. DLC; R11.M75 MEDICO-MILITARY REVIEW, Washington, 1919- Semimonthly, 27Jem, DLC: UH223.A23 MEDIZINISCHE KLINIK, Berlin, 1904- Weekly, 33cm, DLC: R51.M43 DIE MEDIZINISCHE WELT. Berlin, 1927- Weekly, 31 Jem. (DSG) MENTAL HEALTH, London, 1940- Quarterly, 24jcm. (DSG) 521 MILITARY SURGEON, Washington, 1891- Monthly. 26cm. DEC: RD1.A7 THE MINING WORLD AND ENGINEERING RECORD, London, 1871- Weekly.- 28cm, DLC: TN1.M73 MODERN PLASTICS, Easton, Pa., 1912- Monthly. 29cm. Periodical Division MODERN POWER AND ENGINEERING, Toronto, 1907- Semimonthly. 30cm. DLC; TJ.P76 MODERN TRANSPORT, London, March 1919- Weekly. 47-|cm. DLC;HN1.M6 MORSKOI SBORNIK. Moscow, Monthly. 24cm. DLC; V5.M8 THE MOTOR. London, 1902- Weekly. 30cm. DLC; TL1.H7 MOTOR TRANSPORT. London, 1905- Weekly. 30cm. DLC: TL1.M944 MÜNCHENER MEDIZINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT. Munich, 1854- Weekly. 25-35cm, (DSG) THE MUNICIPAL JOURNAL. London, 1893- Weekly. 32cm. DLC; TD1.M93 THE MUSEUMS JOURNAL. London, 1801- Monthly, 22cm. DLC; AM1.M7 NANK/i I TEKHNIKA, Leningrad, 1922- Semimonthly. DLC; -AP50.N38 THE NATION. New York, 1865- Weekly. 3o|cm. DEC; AP2.N2 NATIONAL 'FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION. Boston, 1941- Quarterly. 23cm. DLC; TH9150.N3 NATIONAL HISTORICAL MAGAZINE, Washington, 1892- Monthly. 24^--25-|cm. DLC; E202.5A12 NATIONAL INSURANCE GAZETTE. London, 1918- Weekly, DLC; HD65.N25 NATIONAL PETROLEUM NEWS. Cleveland, 1909- Weekly. 32cm. DLC; 9560.1N93 THE NATIONAL REVIEW. London, 1883- Monthly, 25cm. DLC: AP4.N25 NATIONAL WEEKLY NEWS. Washington,-1919- Weekly, DLC; D501.S67 NATURE. London, 1869- Weekly* 27-28cm, DLC:-A1,N2 THE Vm STATESMEN AND NATION. London, 1913- Weekly. 34cm. DLC; JjP4.N64 NEW YORK UNIVERSITY LM REVIEW, New York, 1924- Quarterly. 23w-26cm. DLC:•Law • • ... 522 NEWS CHRONICLE. London, 1900- Daily. DLCr Periodical Division NEWS WEEK. New York, 19U1- Weekly. 0,8Jem. DLC: AP2.N6772 THE NEWSPAPER WORLD. London, 1889- Weekly, 29|cm. DLC: PNU701.NU THE NINETEENTH CENTURY. London, 1877- Monthly. 33cm. DLC.-APU.N7 NOVA SCOTIA MEDICAL JOURNAL. Halifax, 1922- Monthly. 25|cm (DSG) THE OBSERVER. London, 1791- Weekly. 30cm. DLC:N£L29.L703 OBSHCHESTVENNOE PITANIE. Moscow, I9UO- Monthly. 25cm, DLC: TBÓ77.A10U L*0SPEDALE -MAGGIORI, Milan, 1913- Monthly. 28jcm, (DSG) PACIFIC BUILDERS ENGINEER. Seattle, I9O6- Weekly. 29jcm. DLC: TH1.P2 THE PARTHENON. London, 1862- Weekly. 28cm. DLC:APU.P3 THE PEDAGOGICAL SEMINARY. Worcester, 1891- Quarterly. 23-2Ujcm. DLC: Lll.PU PENCIL POINTS. New Jork, 1920- Monthly. 30cm. DLC:NA1.PU LA PETITE ILLUSTRATION.. Paris, 1913- Issued in 5 series. 29cm, DLC:PQ126.Al5 THE POLITICAL QUARTERLY. London, 1930- Quarterly, 2Ucm. DLC: JA8.P72 POLITICS IN REVIEW. London, 193U- Quarterly. 25cm. DLC: DA20.P6U POPULAR MECHANICS MAGAZINE. Chicago, 1902-' Monthly. 2Uj«tt. DLC: TL.P77 POPULAR SCIENCE MONTHLY. New York, 1872- Monthly. 23-2Ujcm. DLC: AP2.P8 THE PRACTITIONER. London, I868- Monthly. 23jcm., (DSG) LA PRESSE MEDICARE. Paris, 1893- Biweekly. 37cm. (DSG) LA PROTECTION DE LA POPULATION CIVILE. Liege, 1938- 3 times a year (DSG) PUBLIC HEALTH. London, I888- Monthly. 2l4-28cm, (DSG) QUARTERLY REVIEW, London, 1809- Quarterly. 2lj-22jcm. DLC: APU.Q2 REFRIGERATING ENGINEERING. New York, I9IU- Monthly. 23-30cm. DLC: TPU90.R35 . REIGHS-GESUNDHEITSBLATT♦ Berlin, 1926- Weekly, 29|cm. DLC: RA26U.B3 REVISTA DE LA SANIDAD MILITÄR. Buenos Aires. Monthly. 264cm. (DSG) REVISTA ESPANOLA DE MEDICINA. Valladolid, 1919- Monthly. 274cm, (DSC) REVISTA ESPANOLA DE MEDICINA Y CIRUGIA. Barcelona, 1918- Monthly. 274cm. (DSG) REVISTA MILITÄR. Buenos Aires, 1901- Monthly. 234cm. (DSG) REVUE INTERNATIONALE-DE LA CROIX ROUGE. Geneva, 1919- Monthly. 23cm. DLC: VH939.A32 ‘ ‘ THE ROUND TABLE. London, 1936- Quarterly. 2üjcm. DLC: AP1*.R6 ROYAL ARMY MEDICAL CORPS JOURNAL. London, 1903- Monthly. 2l||cm. (DSG) ROYAL INSTITUTE OF BRITISH ARCHITECTS. JOURNAL. London, 1893- Monthly. 29cm. DLC; NA12.R69 ROYAL INSTITUTE OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND HYGIENE. JOURNAL. London, 1892- Monthly, 294cm. DLC: RAi4.2i.l8l4 ROYAL SANITARY ENGINEERS. JOURNAL. London, 1879- Monthly. 2l4cm. DLC: RAi;21.S3 ' ' ; ROYAL SANITARY INSTITUTE. JOURNAL. London, 1879- Monthly. 2ljcm, DLC; RAl|21.S3 . ROYAL SOCIETY OF ARTS. JOURNAL. London, 1908- Monthly. 2ljcm. DLC: T1.S6U ROYAL SOCIETY OF MEDICINE. PROCEEDINGS, London, 1907- Monthly. 294cm, DLC: R3S.R7 THE RUBBER AGE. New York, 1917- Semimonthly. 31cm. DLC: TSI87O.R6 ST, THOMAS* HOSPITAL GAZETTE. London, 1891- Monthly. Piiicm. (DSG) SANITARIA I GIGIENA. Moscow, 1939- Monthly. 294cm. (DSG) SCIENCE NEWS LETTER. Washington, 1921- Weekly.'27|-33|cm.DLC: Q1.S76 THE SCIENTIFIC WORKER. London, 1919- Quarterly, 29cm. DLC: QI.S8I4 THE SECRETARY, London (moved to Cambridge for war), 1893- Monthly. 2l;cm. DLC: HF99U7.A2Sl| THE SIGNAL. London, 1921- Monthly. 23|cm. DLC: TKI.A883 THE SKETCH. ’ London, 1893- Weekly. -374cm. DLC: API4.36 SKYSCRAPER MANAGEMENT, Chicago, 1931- Monthly. 27-3Ocm. DLC; TH1.S9 THE SOLICITOR’S JOURNAL AND REPORTER, London, 1857- Weekly. 294cm. DLC; Law SOTSXALISTICHESKII TRANSPORT, Moscow, 1931- Monthly. 25cm. DLC: HE7.S6 THE SPECTATOR. London, 1828- Weekly. 334cm. DLC: APluS? THE SPHERE. London, 1903- Weekly. 1+2-1*34™. DLC: AP1+.S73 . THE STATESMAN. Calcutta, 1921+- Weekly. 32cm. DLC; Periodical Division STROIT EL’NAIA PROMYSHLENNOST. Moscow, 1923- Monthly (irregular). 30cm. DLC; THi|.S85 STRUCTURAL ENGINEER. London, 1909- Monthly. 26jcm. DLC: TA680.I5 THE SUNDAY TIMES. London, l8?2- Vfeekly. 60cm,. DLC; Periodical Division THE SURVEYOR AND MUNICIPAL COUNTY ENGINEER. London, 1892- Weekly. DPR: 290.8SU7 SYREN AND SHIPPING ILLUSTRATED. London, 1868- Weekly. 3Ucm. DLC: HE561.S9 TECHNISCHES GEMEINDEELATT. Berlin, I898- Semimonthy, 31-33cm. (DSG) THE TEXAS DIGEST, Dallas, 1928- Weekly. 294cm. DLC; F38I.T8I4. TIME. New York, 1923- Weekly. 28cm. DLC: AP2.T37 TIME AND TIDE. London, 1920- Weekly. 274cm. DLC: API+.T1+5 THE TIMES. London, 1902- Weekly. 274cm. DLC: AP1+.T1+5 TIMES EDUCATIONAL SUPPLEMENT. London, 1910- Monthy. l+6cm. DLC: L16.T6 THE TIMES LITERARY SUPPLEMENT. London, 1902- Weekly. l+74cm. DLC: APlt.Tl+5 TRADE AND ENGINEERING. London, 1905- Monthly. l+64cm. DLC: HF11.T51 TRANSIT JOURNAL. New York, 183U- Monthy. ■ 304-334cm. DLC: TF701.S65 THE TRANSPORT WORLD. London, I9OI- Weekly and Monthly, 35cm. DLC: TF1.T7 TRUTH. London, 1877— Weekly. 32cm, DLC: API4..T8 UNDERSTANDING THE CHILD. Boston, 1931- Quarterly. 23cm. DLC: LB1101.V6 UNITED STATES AIR SERVICES, Washington, 1919- Monthly. 27^3Qcm. UNITED STATES NAVAL INSTITUTE. PROCEEDINGS. Annapolis, 1881- Monthly, 25cm. DLC: VI.U8 VAZDUKHOPLOVNI GLASNIK TEMUN. Belgrade, 1937- Monthly. DLC: TL50.V3 THE VEGETARIAN MESSENGER AND HEALTH REVIEW. Manchester, 1905- Monthly. 21lciii. DLC; TX392.A1* VERKEHRSTECHNIK. Berlin, 188U- 3 nos, a month. 32ycm. DLC; TE3.VU VERÖFFENTLICHUNGEN AUS DEM: GEBIETE DES HEERES SANITA TSWE SENS. Berlin, 1892- Irregular. 2l*-27cm, DLC; 'VH273.A2 VESTNIK PROTIVOVOZDUSHNOI OBORONY. Moscow, 1931- Irregular. 252'cm, DLC; UGÓ35.R9A18 VRACHEBNOE DELO* Kharkov, 1918- Monthly. 3U‘|cm. DLC; R91.V73 THE WAR. London, 1911*- Weekly, 29cm, DLC; E351.W25 WAR DIGEST. Emmaus, Pa,, 1933- Monthly, 19cra, DLC; Periodical Division WAR MEDICINE. Chicago, 19Ul~ Monthly, 26ycm, Periodical Division THE WEEKLY REVIEW, New York, 1919- Weekly. 30cm, DLC; AP2,W358 THE WEEKLY UNDERWRITER« New York, i860- Weekly. 29|cm. DLC; HGSOll.Wl* THE WELDING INDUSTRY, London, 1933- Monthly. 30jcm, DLC; TS227.A1? WESTERN CITY. Los Angeles, 1879- Monthly. 22cm, DLC; Periodical Division WIENER KLINISCHE WOCHENSCHRIFT. Vienna, I888- Weekly, 33cm. DLC; R5l.W5 WrORLD AFFAIRS. Washington, 1932- Quarterly, DLC: AP3.N7U825 WTORLD AFFAIRS INTERPRETER. Los Angeles, 1930- Quarterly, 25jcm. DLC: AP2.W7l;825 WORLD EDUCATION. Washington, 1937- Bimonthly. 20cm, DLC; L11.W75 WORLD1S CARRIERS AND CARRYING TRADES REVIEW. London, I90U- Monthly, 31cm. DLC; HEl.W? ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR ÄRZTLICHE FORTBILDUNG. Berlin, I90U- Semimonthly. 29cm, (DSG) ZEITSCHRIFT FUR DAS GESAMTE KRANKENHAUSWESEN. Berlin, 1905- Biweekly. 30cm. (DSG) ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR GEWERBE HYGIENE UND UNFALLVERHÜTUNG. Vienna, 189Ü- Semimonthly. 29cm. (DSG) ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR KINDERPSYCHIATRIE. Easel. Monthly. 2Ucm. (DSG) ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR VETERINÄRKUNDE MIT BESONDERER BERÜCKSICHTIGUNG DER HYGIENE. Berlin, 1889- Monthly. 234cm. (DSG) ZEMENT WOCHENSCHRIFT FÜR HOCH UND TIEBAU. Berlin, 1939- Weekly. 30cm. DLC; Periodical Division. 30cm. (DSG) APPENDIX B - BOOKS, PAMPHLETS AND GOVERNMENT RELEASES Bayly, Hugh Wansey. AIR CHALLENGE AND THE LOCUSTS. 1939, London, 22cm. DLC; UGÓ3§.G7B3 Body, Alfred Harris. CHILDREN IN FLIGHT. 19i|0, London, 19cm. DLC: D810,C>4B6 Charlton, Lionel Evelyn Oswald. WAR OVER ENGLAND... 1936, London, plates, maps, diagrs. 22§cm. DLC: UGÓ39.G7G9 1936 Great Britain. Department of Health for Scotland. CIVIL DEFENSE ACT 1939 (CIRCULAR 99). 1939, London, H. M, Stationery Office, DLC: Document Division Great Britain. Department of Scientific and Industrial Research. WARTIME BUILDING BULLETIN, NO. 6. I9I4O-I4I, London, H. M. Stationery Office. 28cm, DLC: TH9T.A29 Great Britain. Ministry of Health. EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES MEMORANDA 2 London, H, M. Stationery Office. DLC: Document Division Great Britain. Office of Parliamentary Counsel. DEFENSE: THE DEFENSE REGULATIONS, • London, H. M. Stationery Office. DLC: Law’ Griffin, Jonathan. BRITAIN’S AIR POLICY, PRESENT AND FUTURE. 1939 London, 19§cm. DLC; UG639.G7GÓ Griffin, Jonathan, GLASS HOUSES AND MODERN WAR. 1933, London 19Ürcm. DLC: UGÓ39.G7G63 Hanslian, and Gergendorff. DER CHEMISCHE KRIEG. 1929, Berlin, E. S, Mittler & Sohn. 29cm. DLC: UGUU7-H39 Hyde, Hartford H. Montgomery, Hyde and Nuttal, G. R. Falkiner. AIR DEFENSE AND THE CIVIL POPULATION. 1937, London, Cressett Press. 22|cm. DLC: UH630.H9 Kendall, James. BREATHE FREELY! 1938, New York, D. Appleton-Century Co., 19cm. DLC; UGUiu7.KU9 Knox, Collie. HEROES ALL, 19Ul, London, Hodder & Stoughton, 19§cm, DLC: D7l|l|.K99 Langdon-Davies, John. AIR RAID. 1933, London, G. Routledge & Sons, 19cm. DLC; UGÓ30.W3 Mackintosh, James Macalister, WAR AND THE DOCTOR. 19U0, London, Oliver & Boyd Publishers. DLC: RD196.M2? 19^0 Mayer-Daxlander, H. CIVIL DEFENSE MANUAL FOR PEACE AND WAR EMERGENCIES. 19Ü0, New York, ‘23cm. DLC; UGÓ30.M39 528 Metz, Ludwig. HOLZSCHUTZ GEGEN (EUER UND SEINE BEDEUTUNG IM LUFTSCHUTZ. 1939, Berlinj VDI;Verlag, gmbh. 2lern. DLG; TH1073*M5>3 Norman, John Lane, THE CHOSEN INSTRUMENT. 1938, London, Macmillan, 19cm* DLC: UGÓ30.M25 Pouderoux, Paul Emile. GUERRE ET PROTECTION. 193l|, Paris, La Nouvelle Societe DfEdition. iSjcm. DLC: UGÓ30.PÓ5 Price, Don K. and Sundquist, James L. THE BRITISH DEFENSE PROGRAM AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT compiled from British Documents and Periodicals, 19U0, Chicago, The Public Administration Service. 26jcm. DLC: UA6a7.P? Roberts, Alfred A. THE POISON WAR. 191*1, London, Heineman, DLC; UGUi7.R6 Simey, Thomas S. and Williams, Mary L. THE CIVIL DEFENSE ACTS, 1937 & 1939. 1939, London. 2 5cm. DLC: Law Strachey, Mrs. Amy (Simpson), BORROWED CHILDREN. 19i*0, New York, The Commonwealth Fund, 192cm, DLC; DBlO.CuSÖ 19l*0a VanKleffens, Elco Hicholaas. THE RAPE OF THE NETHERLANDS. 19i*0, London, 194cm, DLC: D763.Ni*K53 Vieser, Wilhelm. GRUNDLAGEN DES BAUTECHNISCHEN LUFTSCHUTZES. 1935, Berlin, Zement Verlag. 23cm. DLC; UG630.V5 Wachtel, Gurt. AIR RAID DEFENSE (CIVILIAN). 19Ul, Brooklyn, 22jcm. DLC: UGÓ30.W3 Woon, Basil Dillon. HELL CAME TO LONDON, A REPORTAGE OF THE BLITZ DURING lh DAIS. 191*1, London, John P. Davis. 19cm. -DLC: D76O.8LW6