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BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES 
OF NOTABLE 
PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS 
OF THE PRESENT 
Berlin Publishing Company 
NEW YORK  
JN THE preparation of the MEDICAL WORLD, the editors and publishers have aimed 
to assemble in permanent and attractive form, correct life sketches and artistic portraits 
of a number of representative men who are conspicuous for their various contributions to 
medical science. The value of such a work will be appreciated when it is remembered that 
apart from its high standard of artistic excellence, it is intended to contain such a collection 
of thorough, interesting and authentic biographical shetches of medical men of the time, as 
will assure to the readers of the present and future a full treasury of reference and information. ISAAC ADLER 
Physician 
New York City 
R* ISAAC ADLER, Emeritus Professor of Clinical Medicine at the New York Polyclinic, was born in Alzey, 
I I Germany, on April 6th, 1849. He is the son of Henrietta (Frankforter) Adler, and the eminent Rabbi Samuel 
I Adler, who came to the United States with his family in 1857. 
Until eight years of age. Dr. Adler received his education in Germany, and upon the arrival of the family in New York 
City attended the Columbia Grammar School preliminary to entering Columbia University from which in 1868 he was graduated. 
Attracted by the medical profession, after graduation Dr. Adler went to Europe and engaged in the study of medicine 
at the Universities of Vienna, Berlin, and Heidelberg. In 1871 he received the medical degree from the University of Heidel- 
berg, and in the same year his Alma Mater conferred upon him the honorary degree of Master of Arts. 
From the time of his entering upon the practice of medicine in New York City, 1872, Dr. Adler has devoted his time 
to clinical pathology and has obtained positions in various clinics and hospitals, among them the Montefiore Home, to which he 
was Consulting Physician; and the German Hospital where he was Visiting Physician and Pathologist, and is now Consulting 
Physician; Dr. Adler is also Consulting Physician to Beth Israel Hospital, and other hospitals and clinical institutions. 
Dr. Adler is a member of numerous societies, among others The Association of American Physicians; American Medical 
Association; American Association of Pathologists and Bacteriologists; Association for the Advancement of Science; New York 
Academy of Medicine; Neurological Society; Pathological Society; German Medical Society; Society for Experimental Phar- 
malogy and Therapeutics; New York County Medical Society, and the New York State Medical Society. 
Dr. Adler has made numerous contributions on pathological and clinical subjects to the leading professional periodicals 
In 1874 he was married to Frida, a daughter of Dr. Morris Grumbacher, Berlin Pub. Co.N.Y. JAMES MESCHTER ANDERS 
Professor of Theory and Practice of Medicine and Clinical Medicine 
Medico-Chirurgical College 
Philadelphia, Pa. 
jgjjgfHl AMES MESCHTER ANDERS, M.D., Ph.D., LL.D,, was born in Fairview Village, Montgomery County, 
| Pennsylvania, July 22nd, 1854. He is the son of Samuel Dresher Anders and Christina (Meschter) Anders. 
He prepared for college in the Maple Tree public school and public high school at Norristown, Pa., and the 
academic department of a theological seminary under the auspices of the Mennonite Church at Wadsworth, Ohio. 
At the age of seventeen he taught in a public school and subsequently attended The Wadsworth Academy (Ohio) where he took 
up the study of German, Latin, and mathematics. While a student in the latter institution he was requested by the classes to 
teach mental arithmetic, a position he held for about six months. On his returning home from Ohio in 1875 he entered the 
University of Pennsylvania. Here he pursued two courses of study, one in medicine and the other in the Natural Sciences dur- 
ing the spring of each year. In due season he received two degrees, one that of Doctor of Medicine and the other Doctor of 
Philosophy. While at the University he was chosen one of the twelve students who composed the “Alfred Stille Medical Society,” 
the first of its kind in Philadelphia. 
Among his teachers were: Professor von der Smissen, Principal of Wadsworth (Ohio) Academy; I. V. Gotwals, Superin- 
tendent of Public School at Norristown, Pa.; Professor William Pepper, Provost of the University of Pennsylvania, and Pro- 
fessors Joseph Leidy, D. Hayes Agnew, William Goodell, R. A. F. Penrose, Theodore Dormly, Henry C. Chapman, and 
others. 
After graduation in medicine, he took a post-graduate course of two months in the University and Philadelphia Hospitals, 
when he entered the Protestant Episcopal Hospital of Philadelphia as Resident Physician, remaining for sixteen months, or until 
March 31, 1879. In April of this year he settled in Philadelphia with a view to following general medical practice. 
The study of botany in its relations to medicine always appealed strongly to Dr. Anders, and he made numerous botanical 
excursions in the vicinity of Philadelphia; also journeys to and brief courses of study at certain foreign springs, such as Aix-les-Bains, 
Nauheim, Homburg, Carlsbad, and Universities, chiefly those of Marburg and Berlin. Apart from the positions already cited 
in connection with various hospitals, he continued his studies of natural history subjects during the first decade following gradua- 
tion. His original investigations into certain plant functions led to the discovery of the fact that flowering plants and particularly 
odoriferous species are natural generators of ozone. He also showed how active and important is the function of transpiration in 
plant life. 
Dr. Anders has become highly prominent in the medical profession, and in attestation of this fact may be cited the follow- 
ing distinctions which have been conferred upon him; Ursinus College bestowed upon him the Honorary Degrees of Doctor of 
Philosophy and Doctor of Laws. He is an Officier de I’lnstruction Publique (French Decoration) ; Ex-President of the Amer- 
ican Society of Tropical Medicine, Philadelphia County Medical Society, and of the Medical Club of Philadelphia; Vice- 
President of Section II and member of the Central Executive Committee of the 7th International Congress on Tuberculosis held at 
Washington, 1909; Vice-President of the American Climatological Association. He delivered the Oration on Medicine before 
the American Medical Association at New Orleans in 1903; was member of the Advisory Board of Mayor Warwick, 1898, mem- 
ber of the Advisory Board of Directors of Public Health and Charities under Drs. W. M. L. Coplin and Edward Martin. 
He is a member of the Philadelphia County Medical Society, American Medical Association, Pan-American Medical Con- 
gress, American Climatological Association, College of Physicians, Philadelphia; Pathological Society of Philadelphia, Ameri- 
can Society of Tropical Medicine; Life Member of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia; Fellow of the Society of 
Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, London; Honorary Member of Academy of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio; Pennsylvania Forestry 
Association, City Park Association of Philadelphia, Union League of Philadelphia, and the Philadelphia Country Club. 
Among the visiting staffs of Philadelphia Hospitals to which Dr. Anders belonged in the past are those of the Prostestant 
Episcopal Hospital, the Philadelphia Hospital, St. Christopher’s Hospital and the Stetson Hospital. At present he is Visiting 
Physician to The Medico-Chirurgical Hospital, Consulting Physician to the Widener Home for Crippled Children, the Jewish 
Hospital, and the Hospital for the Insane of the South-Eastern District of Pennsylvania at Norristown, Pa. For a number of years. Dr. Anders was Lecturer on Botany at The Wagner Free Institute of Science. In October, 1889, 
he was made Lecturer on Materia Medica in the Medico-Chlrurgical College, in 1 890 he was elected to the Chair of Hygiene, 
and two years later to the Chair of Clinical Medicine, and in 1893 to that of The Theory and Practice of Medicine and Clinical 
Medicine in the same institution, a chair which he still holds. 
Over 100 articles on medical and scientific subjects have been written by Dr. Anders, and a number of original articles. Among 
them are: “Transpiration of Plants” (this essay was awarded the George B. Wood Prize); “Beneficial Influence of Plants,” 
“The Exhalation of Ozone by Flowering Plants and Odoriferous Foliage,” “Sanitary Influence of Forests.” In October, 1886, 
he issued a volume bearing the title “House-Plants as Sanitary Agents, or The Relation of Growing Plants to Health and Dis- 
ease, A Text-Book of The Practice of Medicine,” issued in 1897, has passed through nine editions, and a work 
on Medical Diagnosis (with Dr. L. Napoleon Boston as co-author) has been recently published. Berlin Pub-Co-N-Y. 
Photo by Gutekunst LEWELLYS FRANKLIN BARKER 
Professor of Medicine 
Johns Hopkins University 
Baltimore, Md 
EWELLYS FRANKLIN BARKER, M.D., is the son of James F. and Sarah Jane (Taylor) Barker, and was 
1 mm korn *n Norwich, Ont., Canada, on September, 16th, 1867. 
u Fie received his early education in the Ontario Public Schools, and at Pickering College from 1 881 until his 
graduation in 1884. He then entered the University of Toronto, where in 1890 the degree of M.D. was con- 
ferred upon him. After graduation at the University of Toronto, Dr. Barker worked in Internal Medicine, Path- 
ology, and Anatomy with Professors Osier, Welch and Mall at the Johns Hopkins Hospital until 1900. During this time a 
large part of his work was devoted to the study of the anatomy and pathology of the nervous system, though he published also 
a number of articles upon general pathological and bacteriological subjects. 
From 1900 to 1905 he taught Anatomy at the University of Chicago, and Internal Medicine as an Associate of Prof. 
Frank Billings at Rush Medical College. 
Dr Barker wrote during this period a number of articles bearing upon medical education in America, and his research 
work dealt largely with the normal anatomy and the pathology of the nervous system. 
In 1904 he went to Europe to study Chemistry and Medicine at Munich, and at Emil Fischer’s Laboratory in Berlin. 
On his return to the United States in 1905 he was appointed Professor of Medicine at the Johns Hopkins University in 
Baltimore as successor to Dr. William Osier. Since then he has been engaged in teaching and investigation at the Johns Hop- 
kins Hospital, his publications dealing principally with disorders of the nervous system, of the circulatory system, and of meta- 
bolism. 
Dr Barker was a member of the Special Commission appointed by the Secretary of the Treasury to determine the existence 
or non-existence of plague in San Francisco in 1901, this appointment having been preceded by a visit to the plague districts in 
Hong Kong and in India. 
He is an honorary M.D. of the University of Toronto; Honorary LL.D. of Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario; and 
“Ehren-Mitglied der Wiener Medicinischen Gesellschaft”; Honorary corresponding member of the Medico-Chirurgical Society 
of Edinburgh. 
He is a member of several scientific societies and associations, and the author of a number of scientific publications, in- 
cluding : 
“The Nervous System and its Constituent Neurones, 1899, A 2. 
“Translation of Werner Spalteholz’s Hand Atlas of Human Anatomy.” 1900. S. 31 
“Description of the Brains of Two Brothers Dead of Hereditory Atoxia,” Decennial Publications of the University of 
Chicago, 1904. 
In 1903 Dr. Barker was married to Miss Lillian H. Halsey, of New York. Berlin Pub. Co. N.Y. 
Photo by Al man ARTHUR DEAN SEVAN 
Professor of Surgery 
Rush Medical College 
Chicago, 111 
DEAN BEVAN, M.D., the son of Sarah Elizabeth Ramsey and Dr. Thomas Bevan, was born in 
Chicago. August 9th, 1861. 
Upon completing the course in the Chicago High School, Dr. Bevan, preparatory to commencing medical studies, 
attended the Yale Scientific School, whence he entered Rush Medical College. He was graduated as Doctor of 
Medicine in 1883, and in the same summer took the examination for the United States Marine Hospital service, and secured first 
place He remained in the service until 1888, and was stationed successively in Detroit, New York, and Portland, Oregon. 
While in Portland he was appointed Chief-Surgeon of the O. R. and N. Co., the western end of the Union Pacific Railroad, and 
also Chief Surgeon of the Southern Pacific in Oregon. 
During this time he occupied the Chair of Anatomy in the Medical Department of the University of Oregon, but in 1888 
left Oregon to accept a call to the Chair of Anatomy in the Rush Medical College in Chicago, succeeding Charles T. Parkes. 
In 1902 he resigned this post to accept that of Professor of Surgery. In 1909 he was made Head of the Department of 
Surgery, and he still continues in the discharge of his duties in both these capacities. 
In 1899 he was President of the Chicago Medical Society, in 1910 President of the Chicago Surgical Society, and in 
1907 Chairman of the Surgical Section of the American Medical Association, Since 1902 he has been Chairman of the Coun- 
cil on Education of the American Medical Association. He is member of the Chicago Medical Society, Illinois Medical 
Society, American Medical Association, Chicago Surgical Society, and of the Chicago Pathological Society. He is Fellow 
of the American Surgical Society, American Society of Clinical Surgery, International Surgical Society, Association of American 
Since 1890 he has been Surgeon to the Presbyterian Hospital in Chicago. 
Anatomists. 
Dr Bevan is the Editor of “Lexer-Bevan General Surgery,” and the joint author in several text-books on Anatomy and 
Surgery, and has written a number of articles on special surgical topics. Berlin Pub. Co. N.V. HERMANN M. BIGGS 
Professor of Therapeutics and Clinical Medicine 
New York University 
New York City 
HERMANN M. BIGGS, M.D., is the son of Joseph H. and Melissa P. (Pratt) Biggs of Trumansburg, New 
York, where he was born September 29th, 1859. 
Having been prepared at Trumansburg Academy, Ithaca Academy, and Cornell University Preparatory 
School, he entered Cornell University in September, 1879, receiving the degree of Bachelor of Arts in June, 1882. 
He was influenced to undertake the study of Medicine by his uncle, Dr. S. H. Peck, of Ithaca, New York, and also 
by his own experience of work in the Physiological Laboratory of Cornell University under the direction of Professor Burt G. 
Wilder. He took the medical preparatory course in Cornell University during his course for the degree of Bachelor of Arts. 
He received a leave of absence from Cornell, and took his first course of medicine in Bellevue Medical College from 1881 to 
1882. Having graduated there in March, 1883, he was, after a competitive examination, appointed to serve on the Resident 
Staff of Bellevue Hospital, holding the appointment for eighteen months. 
The influence of Professor Austin Flint, Sr., and of Professor W. H. Welch, now of Johns Hopkins University, induced 
him to study Pathology and Bacteriology at Grelfswald and Berlin Universities in 1884 and 1885. Upon his return he took 
charge of Carnegie Laboratory when it was opened in 1885, and was later sent by the Laboratory to study the treatment of 
rabies at the Pasteur Institute in Paris. 
In 1886, having returned to New York City, he became Lecturer on Pathology; in 1887, Demonstrator of Anatomy; in 
1889, Professor of Pathology; in 1892, Professor of Materia Medica and Therapeutics, and in 1897 Adjunct Professor of 
the Principles and Practice of Medicine—all in Bellevue Hospital Medical College. In 1898, in the University and Bellevue 
Medical College, he became Secretary of the Faculty, Professor of Therapeutics and Clinical Medicine, and Adjunct Pro- 
fessor of the Practice of Medicine. 
He organized the Department of Pathology and Bacteriology of the New York Health Department in 1892, and became 
Pathologist and Director of its Laboratories, which position he retained until 1902, when the position of General Medical Officer 
was created for him. These laboratories were the first municipal bacteriological laboratories of the world, and the methods 
adopted have been widely followed. He introduced the use of bacteriological methods in the sanitary surveillance of the in- 
fectious disease, and first produced and was responsible for the general use of diphtheria antitoxin in this country, and he also 
obtained the necessary legislation and appropriations which enabled the New York Health Department to produce, use and 
sell it and other biological products. 
Dr. Biggs was appointed Visiting Physician at Bellevue Hospital in 1893, and of St. Vincent’s Hospital in 1898. He 
served as Pathologist to the Bellevue and to the City Hospitals from 1886 to 1893, and acted in the same capacity to the 
Health Department Hospitals from 1888 to 1900. 
He has been a member of the Board of Directors of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research since its organiza- 
tion. He is an Honorary Fellow of the Sanitary Institute of Great Britain. 
He was prominently identified with the work for the prevention of cholera in New York City in 1892, and was at 
this time a member of the Conference Committee of the Chamber of Commerce. He is a member of the New York Academy 
of Medicine; American Medical Association; Practitioners ’ Society; the Association of American Physicians; British Medical 
Association; the International Tuberculosis Bureau, and the National Association for the Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis, 
and others, 
As a contributor to current medical literature, Dr. Biggs is well known Berlin Pub. Co. N.Y. 
Photo by Holllnqer FRANK BILLINGS 
Prof essor of Medicine 
University of Chicago 
Chicago, Ills 
RANK BILLINGS, M. S., M. D,, was born at Highland, lowa county, Wisconsin, April 2, 1854. He is the 
fourth son of Henry Mortimer and Ann (Bray) Billings, 
||!|||||| His father was a farmer and mine operator, and a descendant of William Billings of Taunton, England, 
who emigrated to America in 1654, and settled at Lancaster, Mass., removing to Stonington, Conn., three years 
later. 
Dr. Billings was educated in the public schools of lowa county, Wis., and the State Normal School at Platteville, Wis. 
He was graduated M, D. at the Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, in 1881, and ten years later his Alma Mater 
conferred upon him the degree of Master of Science. His instructors were Drs, N. S. Davis, Edmund Andrews, H. A. John- 
son, W. E. Quine and Christian Feuger of Chicago, and Profs. Bamberger, Northnagel, Kundrat, Kolisco, Paltauf, von Jaksch 
and Zehmann of Vienna and Jaccoud and Charcot of Paris. 
After receiving his degree Dr. Billings served as interne at the Cook County Hospital, Chicago, and in 1882 became 
demonstrator of anatomy and lecturer on physical diagnosis at the Northwestern University Medical School, which positions he 
held for two years. He continued his professional studies in Vienna in 1885 and in Paris and London in 1886, and on his 
return to the United States was made lecturer on physical diagnosis at the Northwestern University. He held this chair until 
1890, when he became professor of medicine in the Northwestern University Medical School and served eight years. Since 1898 
he has been professor of medicine and dean of the faculty in the Rush Medical College, Chicago, and since 1905 has been 
professor of medicine in the University of Chicago. 
Dr Billings was attending physician to the Mercy Hospital during 1887-98; St. Luke’s Hospital, 1890-1908; Cook 
County Hospital, 1887-99, and to the Presbyterian Hospital since 1898. At the present time (1911) he is consulting physi- 
cian to the Michael Rees, St. Luke’s, Children’s Memorial and Provident hospitals. 
Dr Billings was president of the Chicago Medical Society in 1891 ; Shattuck lecturer before the Massachusetts Medical 
Society in 1 902; president of the American Medical Association, I 902-4; president of the Association of American Physicians 
in 1906- president of the National Association for the Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis in 1907, and during 1906-10 was 
a member and president of the State Board of Public Charities of Illinois. He is also a member and president of the Illinois State 
Chanties Commission since 1910. 
He is a member of the Chicago Medical Society, Chicago Pathological Society, Chicago Neurological Society. Illinois 
Medical Society American Medical Association, Association of American Physicians, American Association of Pathologists and 
Bacteriologists Chicago Academy of Sciences and Chicago Physicians Club. He is also a member of the Chicago, University, 
Chicago Athletic, Quadrangle, Glen View and South Shore Country Clubs. 
Dr Billinas has attained prominence as a writer as well as a physician, and the following may be mentioned as among his 
most important papers; 
“Bacteria and Exhibition of Cultures” (1887); “Typhoid Bacilli and Cultures” (1888); “Renal Calculus” (1889); 
“Detection of Tubercle Bacilli” (1889); “Sarcoma of Spinal Cord Removed During Life” (1889); “Cirrhosis of Liver” 
(1891)’ “Medical Treatment of Diseases of the Stomach” (1891 ) ; “Arteriosclerosis” (1894); “Arthropathies of Nervous 
Origin” (1895); ‘‘Crystic Degeneration of the Kidney” (1895); “Intercostal Neuralgia” (1895); “Vegetative Endo- 
carditis” (1 898) ; “Medical Treatment of Gall Stones” (1898) ; “Headaches from Gastro-Intestinal Disorders” (1899); 
“Differentiation of Cardiac Incompetency of Intrinsic Heart Disease and of Kidney Disease” (1898); “Pernicious Anemia” 
(1899) “Treatment of Typhoid Fever (1899); Cases of Gall Stone of Cystic Duct and Situs Viscerum Inversus” 
(1900) “Pernicious Anemia with Spinal Cord Changes (1901); Uric Acid Fallacies (1901); Clinical Manifestations 
of Pericarditis with Effusion” (1901); “Clinical Manifestations of the Early Stage of Cirrhosis of Liver” (1902); “The 
Relation of Medical Science to Commerce” (1902); “The Nostrum Evil” (1905) ; “Chronic Ulcer of the Stomach” (1906); 
“Achylia Gastrica” (1907), and “Chronic Infectious Endocarditis” (1909). 
Dr Billings was editor of “Diseases of the Digestive System” in 1906, and since 1901 has been editor of the “Medical 
Year Book.” 
On May 26, 1887 he was married at Washington, D.C., to Dane Ford Brawley, who died in 1896, leaving one daughter, 
Margaret Billings. Berlin Pub, Co. N.V. 
Photo by Cox JOHN SHAW BILLINGS 
Physician 
New York City 
®OHN SHAW BILLINGS, M.D., LL.D., Dc.L., was born in Switzerland County, Indiana, April 12th, 1838. He 
was educated at Miami University, graduating in 1857, and taking his medical degree three years later at the Ohio 
Medical College, after which he located for practice in Cincinnati. 
In 1861, almost at the outset of the Civil War, he entered the army as Acting Assistant-Surgeon, and in 1863 
he was made Assistant-Surgeon. He had charge of hospitals in Washington, District of Columbia, and West Philadelphia, 
from which he was transferred to the Fifth Army Corps, and was present at the battles of Chancellorsville and Gettysburg. In 
October, 1863, he was ordered to the hospitals on David’s and Bedloe’s Islands, New York Harbor, at the same time be- 
coming a member of the Board of Enrolment, and joining the Army of the Potomac as Medical Inspector, serving as such from 
February to December, 1864, when he became connected with the Surg eon-General's Office in Washington. He was appointed 
Surgeon in the regular army with the rank of Major in December, 1876, and promoted June, 1894, to Lieutenant-Colonel, Deputy 
Surgeon-General, 
Dr. Billings was subsequently appointed Medical Advisor to the Johns Hopk ins Hospital, also Lecturer on History ol 
Medicine at the Johns Hopkins University. Durlna the years of 1887-1888 he was a member of the Corps of Lecturers at 
Columbia From 1893 to 1896 he was Professor of Hygiene in the University of Pennsylvania, and in the latter year was re- 
tired from the Army at his own request. Since 1896 he has been Director of the New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox, and 
Tilden Foundations. 
He belongs to a number of scientific bodies, including the International Statistical Institute, the National Academy of Sci- 
ences and the American Statistical Association, and is an honorary member of many societies of America and Europe. For 
the years 1879-1880 he was Vice-President of the National Board of Health, and at a meeting of the British Medical Asso- 
ciation held in August, 1886, he delivered an interesting and instructive address on “Medicine in the United States.” The 
honorary degree of Doctor of Laws was conferred on him by the University of Edinburgh in 1884, and by Harvard in 1886, 
by Buda Pesth in 1896, and by Yale in 1901, and Johns Hopkins in 1902, and the degree of Doctor of Civil Law was con- 
ferred upon him by Oxford in 1889. He is Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Carnegie Institution of Washington. 
His writings consist mainly of medical papers, reports on military hospitals, the “Mortality and Vital Statistics of the United 
States” (Census reports 1880 and 1890), “A Treatise on Heating and Ventilation,” and “The Hygiene of the United States 
Army ” His most important work, however, is the Index Catalogue of the Library of the Surgeon-General’s Office. Wash- 
ington. Berlin Pub, Co, N.Y. 
Photo by Alman JOHN WESLEY BOVEE 
Professor of Gynecology 
George Washington University 
Washington, D. C. 
WESLEY BOVEE, M. D.. was born at Clayton, New York, December 31, 1861, son of William Henry 
j | and Sarah Elizabeth (Roat) Bovee. 
IPmji J-|e was educated in the public and high schools of Dexter and Chaumont, N. Y., and received his M. D. 
degree from the Medical Department of Columbian (now George Washington) University in 1885. 
Dr Bovee was Surgeon in Charge of the Washington Asylum Hospital, 1889-97; Gynecologist to Providence Hospital, 
1891 1908- has been Gynecologist or Obstetrician to the Columbia Hospital for Women and Lying-in Asylum since 1890, 
being senior member and President of the Medical Board; and Gynecologist to the George Washington University Hospital 
. 1899 He is Consulting Gynecologist to the Government Hospital for the Insane; Consulting Physician to St. Ann’s Infant 
A I and Chairman of the Finance Committee of the Reform School for Girls of the District of Columbia. Since 1 903 Dr. 
Bovee has been Professor of Gynecology at George Washington University. 
H was president of the Medical and Surgical Society of the District of Columbia in 1892; the Washington Obstetrical 
d Gynecological Society in 1903-5, and the Southern Surgical and Gynecological Association in 1903. He served as Chair- 
f the Section of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women of the American Medical Association in 1907, and as a delegate from 
th Am can Gynecological Society to the Sixteenth International Medical Congress held at Buda-Pesth, Hungary, in 1909. 
H ' now (191 1) treasurer of the American Gynecological Society, and a member of the American Medical Association, the 
S th Surgical and Gynecological Association, the Washington Obstetrical and Gynecological Society, the Washington Surgi- 
-1 S ' t the Medical Society of the District of Columbia, and the Medical Association of the District of Columbia; and hon- 
b r of the Medical Society of Virginia, the Washington Medical and Surgical Society, the Medical and Surgical 
Society of the District of Columbia, and the Panhandle Medical Society of West Virginia and Virginia. 
D B vee is also a member of the National Geographic Society, the Aero Club of America, the Aero Club of Wash- 
' ton D C the Cosmos Club and University Club of Washington, D. C., the Blue Ridge Rod and Gun Club of Harper’s 
Ferry W Va and the Black River Valley Club and Crescent Yacht Club of Watertown, N. Y. He was a delegate to the 
Council of Aero Clubs in 1911. 
D Bovee is the author of about two hundred monographs on medical subjects, and is editor of and contributor to Bovee’s 
“Practice of Gynecology.” He was also one of the editors and managers of “American Gynecology.” Berlin Pab-Co-N.Y- 
Photo by Harris Ew inq JOSEPH HAMMOND BRYAN 
Otologist and Laryngologist 
Washington, d. a 
®OSEPH H. BRYAN, M. D., was born in Washington, D. C., July 4, 1836, son of Joseph Brooke and Louisa 
Stearns (Hammond) Bryan. 
He received his preliminary education in private schools in his native city, and then entered the academic 
schools of the University of Virginia. Having decided to follow the medical profession he took the regular course 
at the University of Virginia, and was graduated in 1877. Dr. Bryan then entered the medical department of the University 
of New York, and received the degree of M. D. from that institution in 1888. 
He served eighteen months as externe and interne at the Charity Hospital on Blackwell’s Island, New York. 
In July 1880 Dr Bryan entered the United States Navy, and served three years as an assistant surgeon and two years 
i • . . „„v„onn the steamships Colorado, Minnesota, Powhatan and Miantonoma. He was also attached to the 
as passed assistant surgeon, uu 
N 1 Hospital in Brooklyn, N. Y., during 1883, and to the Naval Museum of Hygiene, Washington, D. C., during 1884. 
I 1 885 he resigned from the navy, and spent two years in study abroad, at the Universities of Heidelberg, Vienna and Paris. 
D Bryan returned to Washington in 1887, and began the practice of medicine, devoting his attention especially to 
Laryngology and Otology. 
S' 1893 he has been Consulting Surgeon to the Throat Department of the Garfield Memorial Hospital, and since 
1893 Surgeon to the Episcopal Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital. 
D B yan is a member of the American Medical Association, the American Laryngological Association, the American 
Ot 1 cal Society the Washington Medical Society, the Washington Medical Association, the Washington Society of Ophthal- 
-1 Otology and Larynology, the Academy of Sciences and the Philosophical Society of Washington. He is also a member 
of the Metropolitan, Cosmos and Chevy Chase clubs. CHARLES STEDMAN BULL 
Professor of Ophthalmology 
Cornell University Medical College 
New York City 
HARLES STEDMAN BULL, AM., M.D., was born on Bleecker Street, New York City, the son of Henry King 
Bull, merchant, and Eliza A. Ludlow Bull, daughter of Ezra Ludlow and Rachel Seguine. He is of Colonial English 
and French ancestry, and of Revolutionary stock on both sides of the family, being descended on the paternal side 
from Captain Thomas Bull, one of the Founders of Hartford, Connecticut, and on the maternal side from William 
Ludlow, of Hill Deverell, Wiltshire, England, in 1 356, through Jeremiah Ludlow who came to this country in 1 690 
and settled in Essex County, New Jersey. On the maternal side he is also a descendant of the family of Seguin de Tallerange, 
a Huguenot family of Besancon in Franche Compte who fled to Germany on the revocation of the Edict of Nantes, thence to 
Holland, and later to England. In 1690 Jean Jacques Seguin de Tallerange came to this country and settled on Staten Island 
at what is now the village of Huguenot, near Seguine’s Point. 
Dr. Bull prepared for college at Professor Elie Charlier’s French School in New York City, whence he entered Columbia 
University, graduating with the Baccalaureate Degree in I 864, and receiving subsequently the honorary degree of Master of Arts 
in 1867. He then matriculated at the Medical Department of Columbia University, the College of Physicians and Surgeons, tak- 
ing the medical degree in 1 868. 
Upon graduation. Dr. Bull served for eighteen months on the Resident Staff of Bellevue Hospital, as Junior and Senior 
Assistant and as House Physician, and on completing service here spent two years in study in Europe working in Ophthalmology, 
Pathology and Internal Medicine at the Universities of Vienna, Berlin, Heidelberg, Utrecht, and Paris under Professors von Arlt, 
and von Jaeger Strieker, von Graefe, Virchow, von Helmholtz, de Wecker, Fournier, Donders, and Snellen, and three months in 
London at the Royal London Ophthalmic Hospital at Moorfields. 
From the time of his beginning the practice of medicine in New York City, 1870, Dr. Bull has devoted himself exclusively 
to Ophthalmology and in addition to private practice has obtained positions in various dispensaries, clinics, and hospitals, has en- 
gaged in educational work, and has written voluminously on ophthalmological subjects. 
At present Dr Bull is Surgeon and Director of the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary; Consulting Ophthalmic Surgeon to 
the Presbyterian and St. Mary’s Hospitals for Children, and Professor of Ophthalmology in Cornell University Medical College. 
He has been Attending Ophthalmic Surgeon to the Hospitals on Blackwell’s Island; Consulting Ophthalmic Surgeon to St. 
Luke’s Hospital- and was formerly Professor of Ophthalmology in the New York University Medical College. As a teacher. 
Dr Bull is clear and energetic, and possesses the happy faculty of stimulating interest, making the subject entertaining as well as 
instructive. 
Dr Bull has always taken a prominent part in professional and general societies. He was President of the New York 
Ophthalmological Society; of the American Ophthalmological Society; and of the Practitioners’ Society; and is Corresponding 
Secretary and Fellow of the New York Academy of Medicine; Fellow of the New York State and County Medical Societies; 
and a member of the American Medical Association; as well as of the Society of the Colonial Wars in State of Connecticut; 
Society of the Sons of the Revolution; and of the Huguenot Society of America. 
Besides being the Editor of two American Editions of J. Soelberg Wells on Diseases of the Eye, Dr. Bull is one of the 
translators of the American Edition of Stellwag on Diseases of the Eye, and a frequent contributor of articles on Ophthalmic 
Medicine and Surgery to medical journals, and Transactions of Medical Societies. Berlin Pub. Co. N.Y. 
Photo by Alman THOMAS ASH CLAYTOR 
Professor of Clinical Medicine 
George Washington University 
Washington, D. C. 
HOMAS ASH CLAYTOR, M. D., was born at West River, Maryland, July 14, 1869, son of Richard and 
P| Helen (Ash) Claytor. 
He prepared for college at Brookville Academy, Maryland, and at the Episcopal High School of Virginia, 
but because of serious eye trouble, which developed early in his last year at school, an academic collegiate course 
was abandoned, and he entered the Medical Department of the University of Pennsylvania in the fall of 1888, graduating 
with honor in the class of 1891. 
After serving as an interne in the Germantown Hospital from June 1, 1891, until May 31, 1892, and in the Pennsyl- 
vania Hospital from October 1, 1892, until May 31, 1894, he began the practice of medicine in Washington, D. C., in De- 
cember, 1894. 
He served at various periods as an assistant in the Chest Clinic of the Emergency Hospital and Dispensary; in the 
Medical Dispensary of the Gaffield Hospital, and as outdoor physician to the Children’s Hospital. In 1898 he was appointed 
an attending physician to the Garfield Hospital; in 1902 to the University Hospital, and in 1 908 to the Tuberculosis Hospital. 
In 1895 Dr Claytor was made assistant to the Chair of Medicine in the Columbian (now the George Washington) 
University in 1898 Professor of Clinical Medicine, and in 1902 Professor of Therapeutics. The latter position he resigned 
in 1910. 
A\. the outbreak of the Spanish-American War he offered his services to the Government, and was appointed Acting 
Assistant Surgeon U S. A., and assigned to duty at Key West, Fla., where he was placed in charge of the Medical Depart- 
ment of the United States General Hospital by Major Borden, the commanding officer. Later he was transferred to the Am- 
bulance Ship. Shinnecock. and resigned from the service in September, 1898. 
Dr Claytor was one of the first to call the attention of the profession to the existence of Uncinariasis (Hookworm Dis- 
se) in the United States, having reported the first case in the District of Columbia, and having written several articles upon 
the subject thereafter Together with Dr. W. H. Merrill he published articles in 1909 and 1910 upon the value of the 
Orthodiagraph in the study of the heart and great vessels. In addition to other publications in Medical Journals upon the sub- 
. t £ nternal medicine he was the author of the article upon the “Treatment of Acute Articular Rheumatism,” in Hare’s 
“Modern Therapeutics by American and English Authors (1910). 
Besides being a member of various local medical societies and the American Medical Association, he is a member of the 
American Climatological Association and an associate member of the Association of American Physicians. 
Dr Claytor was married in 1904 to Helen Niernsee of Columbia, S. C., and they have a son and a daughter. SOLOMON SOLIS-COHEN 
Professor of Clinical Medicine 
Jefferson Medical College 
Philadelphia, Pa 
sFgg|| OLOMON SOLIS-COHEN, M.D.. was sorn in Philadelphia, September 1, 1857, and received his early educa- 
tion in the public schools, being graduated with the degree A.B. from Central High School in 1872, and receiving 
the degree A.M. in 1877. He entered Jefferson Medical College in 1880 and was graduated in 1883. During 
his student years he walked the hospitals” with his brother and preceptor, Prof. J. Solis-Cohen, who had the 
medical ward of the Jefferson and the German Hospitals, and he began practice in his brother’s office. 
In 1883 and 1884 he was Demonstrator in the Philadelphia Polyclinic. In 1887 he became Professor of Clinical 
Medicine and Therapeutics in that institution, continuing in this position until he resigned in 1902. He was successively Secre- 
tary, Vice-President and President of the Polyclinic Faculty and from 1893 to 1898 Editor of the publication known as the 
Philadelphia Polyclinic. 
In 1884 Dr. Cohen became Chief Clinical Assistant in the Out-patient Medical Department of Jefferson Hospital under 
Prof, J. M. DaCosta and Prof. Roberts Barlholow, and continued in this capacity for three years. He frequently quotes the 
teachings of his great masters in his lectures. From 1887 to 1890 he was Lecturer on Special Therapeutics in Jefferson Medical 
College, delivering the first systematic course of lectures on “Therapeutic Measures Other than Drugs” given in a medical college 
in the United States. He was among the first American advocates of the hydrotherapeutic management of typhoid fever, if 
not actually the first, lecturing upon the subject both at the Jefferson College and the Polyclinic in 1887. In 1890 he was 
appointed Clinical Lecturer on Medicine, and took a prominent and active part in organizing ward-class instruction for students 
of Jefferson College in the Philadelphia Hospital, where in the course of a clinical lecture he gave the first public demonstration 
in Philadelphia of the Brand bath. In 1902 he was elected Senior Assistant Professor of Clinical Medicine in Jefferson Medical 
College and Physician to Jefferson Hospital. In 1904, upon the reorganization of the Faculty, he was made Professor of Clinical 
Medicine, a new chair being established of which Dr. Cohen became the first incumbent. Since 1888 he has been Consulting 
Physician to the Jewish Hospital, since 1889 Physician to the Philadelphia Hospital, since 1894 Physician to the Rush Hos- 
pital and Consulting Laryngologist to the Pennsylvania Institution for Feeble-Minded Children at Elwyn, and Consulting 
Physician to the State Hospital for the Insane, at Norristown. In 1890 and 1892 he gave by invitation special summer courses 
of lectures on Therapeutics at Dartmouth Medical College, at Hanover, N. H. 
Dr. Cohen has been a prolific writer, and he has contributed generously to general as well as to medical literature. He 
has published a number of essays and poems and has made translations from the Hebrew poets. 
His published clinical lectures, addresses to medical societies and contributions to medical journals have been too numerous 
to cite; but a few titles will indicate the wide range of his activity: 
“An Improved Apparatus for Therapeutic Inspiration of Compressed Air” (1884). The Value of a Proper Re. 
spiratory (Fresh Air) Diet in Phthisis” (1885). “Artificial Climatic Effects for Stay-at-Homes (1886). Lavage in the 
Treatment of Gastric Affections.” “The Treatment of Typhoid Fever by Cold-water Bathing After the Method of Brand.” 
“The Diagnosis and Treatment of Catarrhal Fever (Influenza)” (1887). The Diphtheroid Throat (1888). The Abuse 
of Antipyretic Drugs.” “Therapeutics of the Gouty Diathesis.” “Food in the Treatment of Pulmonary Consumption” (1889). 
“Therapeutic Principles Governing the Selection of Cardiac Medicaments (1890). Some of the Therapeutic Relations of 
the Nervous System” (1891). “Different Forms of Diabetes Mellitus and Their Treatment. Serum-therapy” (1894). 
“Summer Diarrhea” (1895). “The Pneumonia of Influenza and Its Treatment with Saline Infusions and Oxygen” (1896). 
“The Use of Adrenal Substance in Hay Fever, Asthma, and Exophthalmic Goiter (1898). Relative Importance of Mus- 
cular and Valvular Lesions of the Heart” (1899). Therapeutic Uses of the Thysmus Gland (1900). “The True Role 
of Drugs in the Management of Tuberculosis”(l9ol ). Hydrotherapy in Diseases of the Heart (1902). “Cardiac Disease 
from Lead Poisoning” (1903). “Asthma: Its Varieties and Their Treatment. Fluorescent Translumination of the Stomach.” 
“Spleno-megalg.” “Presentation and Treatment of Heart Failure in Pneumonia (1904). “Tuberculosis: A Social Question.” 
“Chromaffin Substance in Relation to Vasomotor Ataxia. The Proper Scope of Scientific (So-called Expert) Testimony in 
Trials Involving Pharmatologic Questions” (1905). Work as a Measure of Prevention and Treatment in Tuberculosis” (1906). "The Prophylaxis and General Management of Acute Rheumatic Fever” (1907). “Quinine and Ureahydrochloride 
in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Malarial Infections; and on the Sexual Cycle of the Hemameda in the 
Human Body” (1908). “Visceral Angioneuroses” (1909). “Pentosuria” (1910). 
Among his other more important medical productions are an elaborate article on “Tuberculosis” in a “System of Practical 
Therapeutics,” edited by Dr. H. A. Hare (1890), in which is strongly advocated the then unusual method of Treatment 
by open-air life and generous feeding—“Reinvigoration” the author calls it—and the sociologic relations of the problem of 
prevention are pointed out; “Essentials of Diagnosis” (in collaboration with Dr. A. A. Eshner) ; articles on “Cough,” “Sea- 
sickness” and “Sea Voyages as a Therapeutic Measure” in the Reference Hand Book of the Medical Sciences, edited by Dr. 
A. H. Buck; on “Air, Condensed and Rarefied,” “Oxygen,” “Ozone,” “Inhalants and Inhalations.” “Insufflation,” in Foster’s 
Dictionary of Therapeutics; on “Akromegaly,” in Keating and Edwards’ Cyclopedia of The Diseases of Children; on “The 
Treatment of Tuberculosis” and “Therapeutic Uses of Saline Infusions” in the Cyclopedia of Medicine and Surgery, edited 
by Drs. Gould and Pyle; on “Pneumonia” in Sajous’ Analytical Cyclopedia of Practical Medicine. He has been sub-editor 
of the Annual of Universal Medical Sciences, of the American Journal of the Medical Sciences and of American Medicine. 
Perhaps his most valuable contribution to medical philosophy is an address delivered in 1896 before the Medical and 
Chirurgical Faculty of Maryland, entitled “Some Thoughts on Disease and Recovery in Their Relation to Therapeutics.” In 
this he maintained that disease is one continuous process, of which disorder and recovery are the commingled parts, and in laying 
stress on the self-defence of the organism, he enunciated doctrines that at the time were considered radical, but are now generally 
accepted. Other noteworthy essays are an address delivered in 1898, before the New York State Medical Association, entitled 
“Therapeutics Without Drugs,” and on “The Relative Place of Medicinal and Hygienic Measures in the Treatment of Tubercu- 
losis” before the British Medical Association in 1906. 
His most ambitious work is the System of Physiologic Therapeutics, in eleven volumes, of which he is editor, published 
from 1901 to 1905. A reviewer said of this that it marked the advent of a new era” in medical practice. He has named 
and described the condition known as “vasomotor ataxia” (Transactions Pan-American Medical Congress, 1893), a subject 
which has attracted much attention in England and on the Continent, He was the first to use adrenal substance in the treatment 
of hay fever (1898), of asthma (1896) and of exophthalmic goiter (1893), and has introduced other modes of treatment 
and devised various forms of therapeutic apparatus for the use of compressed air and rarefied air, etc. 
Dr. Cohen is an active member in many societies—medical, social, civic, literary, educational. Among these may be 
mentioned the Association of American Physicians, the American Medical Association, the Medical Society of the State of Penn- 
sylvania, the Philadelphia County Medical Society, the Pathological Society of Philadelphia, the Medical Jurisprudence Society, 
the Franklin Institute, the Pegasus Club, the Pennsylvania Club, the Franklin Inn Club, the Contemporary Club, the Oriental 
Club, the Penn Club, the City Club, the Associated Alumni of the Central High School. He is a Fellow of the College of 
Physicians and of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He has been a Fellow of the American Larnyolog- 
ical Association and of the American Academy of Medicine. He is an Honorary Member of the Lehigh Valley Medical Associa- 
tion and of the Medical and Chirurgical Faculty of Maryland, and a non-resident member of the Washington Academy of 
Science. He is one of the Trustees of Gratz College. He has been Secretary and President of the Philadelphia County Medical 
Society, Recorder of the Medical Jurisprudence Society, Editor of the Transactions of the College of Physicians of Philadel- 
phia. Since 1901 he has been Recorder of the Association of American Physicians, and he was Chairman of the Section on 
Materia Medica, Pharmacy and Therapeutics of the American Association for 1903. He is a member of the present General 
Committee of Revision of the U. S. Pharmacopoeia and of the Executive Committee of Revision and Chairman of the Sub- 
Committee in Scope. 
Dr. Cohen was married in 1885 to Emily Grace, daughter of the late David Hays-Soli*. Berl i n Pub. Co, N. V. 
Photo by Haeseler WILLIAM BRADLEY COLEY 
Professor of Clinical Surgery 
Cornell Medical School 
New York City 
■r it ■ SjFj ILLIAM BRADLEY COLEY, M.D., the son of Clarine Bradley Wakeman and Horace Bradley Coley, was 
born in Westport, Connecticut, on January 12, 1862. He is a descendant in the ninth generation of Samuel Coley, 
||||llm came rom En§lan<J and was one of the forty-two original planters who settled in Milford, Connecticut, in 1 639. 
Preparatory to studying medicine. Dr. Coley attended Yale College and was graduated with the Bachelor of 
Arts degree in the Class of 1884. Afterwards he taught Latin and Greek in the Bishop Scott Grammar School of Portland, 
Oregon. In the fall of 1886 he returned East and passed the first year examinations at the Harvard Medical School of Bos- 
ton, joining the second year class. Two years later, in 1888, he was graduated in medicine, and in December of that year, 
having obtained by competitive examination an Interneship in the New York Hospital, he came to New York City. He served in 
this capacity under Drs. Robert T. Weir and William T. Bull until June, 1890, when he began private practice. From the 
beginning he devoted himself largely to surgical work, and for several years was associated with Dr. William T. Bull. 
Dr. Coley was appointed in 1890 Assistant Surgeon in the Hernia Department of the Hospital for the Ruptured and 
Crippled in New York City, in the service of Dr. Bull. In 1905 he became Associate Surgeon, and in 1909 Attending Sur- 
geon to the same Institution. He was appointed Attending Surgeon to the New York Cancer Hospital, now General Memorial 
Hospital for the Treatment of Cancer and Allied Diseases (Chronic Wards) in 1893. In 1895 he was appointed Attending 
Surgeon to the Hospital, which position he still holds. He is also one of the Board of Managers. He began teaching Clinical 
Surgery soon after leaving the New York Hospital. From 1890 until 1897 he was Instructor in Surgery at the Post-Graduate 
Medical School. In 1898 he was appointed Clinical Lecturer in Surgery to the College of Physicians and Surgeons; in 1907 was 
appointed Associate in Surgery to the same Institution, and in June, 1909, he was elected Professor of Clinical Surgery at Cornell 
Medical School. 
Among the professional organizations which Dr. Coley has membership in, are: New York County Medical Society; 
New York Academy of Medicine; New York State Medical Association; Harvard Medical Society; New York Surgical and 
New York Pathological Societies; Therapeutic Club, and Society of the Alumni of New York Hospital. He is Fellow of the 
American Surgical Association, Southern Surgical and Gynecological Association, and of the American Medical Association; and 
also member of the University, Yale and Harvard Clubs. 
Dr Coley has written many monographs upon surgical topics, chiefly upon Hernia and Malignant Tumors. In conjunc- 
tion with Dr William T. Bull, he wrote the chapter on Hernia in Dennis’ “System of Surgery,” 1895, and also the chapter 
on this subject in “The International Textbook of Surgery” (Warren and Gould), 1900. He is the author of the chapter on 
Hernia in Keen’s “System of Surgery,” 1908. He wrote the chapter on Sarcoma for the “Twentieth Century System of Medi- 
cine ” and the “Reference Handbook of Medical Science.” As a consequence of his connection with the Hospital for the Rup- 
tured and Crippled for more than twenty years. Dr. Coley is a recognized authority on Hernia, as he was thus given unequaled 
opportunities for studying both the clinical as well as operative sides of Hernia. His interest in Malignant Tumors goes back to 
1891, when he published his first paper, “A Contribution to the Knowledge of Sarcoma.” This was followed in 1893 by a 
paper entitled “The Treatment of Inoperable Malignant Tumors by Repeated Inoculations of Living Culture of the Streptoccus 
of Erysipelas.” He soon substituted Sterile Toxins for the more dangerous living cultures, and shortly afterward he made a 
combination of the Toxins of the Bacillus Prodigiosus with the Toxins of the Streptoccus of Erysipelas, which he has since used in 
the treatment of Inoperable Sarcoma. This method he has employed since 1893, and in a certain proportion of hopeless inoperable 
cases, about ten per cent., a successful result has been obtained. His latest paper on the subject, entitled “The Treatment of 
Inoperable Sarcoma by Bacterial Toxins,” was published in the Transactions of the Royal Society of Medicine, London, No- 
vember. 1909, and read before the Surgical Section of that body. July 13. 1909. 
Dr. Coley is the Permanent Chairman of the Special Committee in charge of the Collis P. Huntington Fund for Cancer 
Research of the General Memorial Hospital, the experimental work of which is done under the auspices of the Department of 
Pathology of the Cornell Medical School. 
On June 22, 1910, Yale University conferred upon Dr. Coley the Honorary Degree of Master of Arts. Berlin Pub. Co. N. Y, 
Photo by Alman LEWIS ATTERBURY CONNER 
Professor of Clinical Medicine 
Cornell University Medical School 
New York City 
HEWIS ATTERBURY CONNER, M.D., was born in New Albany, Indiana, in 1867. His early education, 
preliminary to his professional studies, was acquired in Louisville, Kentucky, and later at the Sheffield Scientific 
School of Yale University, where he devoted himself to chemical and biological subjects in preparation for the study 
of medicine. In 1887 he was graduated with the degree of Ph. 8., and entered the College of Physicians and Sur- 
geons. New York City, receiving three years later the medical degree. 
From 1890 to 1892 he served the usual term as Interne at the New York Hospital, and in the latter year went to Europe 
to pursue an advanced course in general medicine. He studied at the Universities of Vienna, Heidelberg, and Munich, and re- 
turned to New York City in 1894. 
In this year Dr. Conner entered upon active private practice, and in addition secured appointments in various hospitals, clinics, 
and dispensaries, and engaged in educational work. He was appointed Assistant Pathologist to the New York Hospital from 
1894 to 1899 and from 1896 to 1909 was Attending Physician to the Hudson Street Hospital, and has been Attending Physi- 
cian to the former since 1905. He began teaching as Instructor in the Cornell University Medical School, which office he held 
for five years 1899 to 1 904, when he was tendered and accepted the Chair of Clinical Medicine in this Institution. 
Dr Conner has an extensive membership in professional associations, and among others is member of the Medical Society 
of the State of New York' American Medical Association; the Association of American Physicians, National Association for 
the Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis; American Association for the Advancement of Science, and Fellow of the New York 
Academy of Medicine. 
He has made various contributions to professional periodicals upon subjects connected with Internal Medicine. Berlin Pub. Co. N. Y. 
Photo by Hollinger CHARLES LOOMIS DANA 
Professor of Nervous Diseases 
Cornell University Medical College 
New York City 
E®| HARLES LOOMIS DANA, A.M., LL.D., M.D., was born at Woodstock, Vt., on March 25th, 1852. His 
fat^er’ Charles Dana, Jr., was a merchant, but had such attainments in letters that he was given the Honorary 
Degree of A.M. by Dartmouth College. He was a descendant of the youngest son of Richard Dana, who came to 
America in 1640. His mother was the daughter of the Hon. Jeduthan Loomis, a prominent lawyer of Montpelier, 
Vt. 
Dr. Dana was fitted for college by private tutor, and graduated from Dartmouth College in 1872, receiving the degree of 
A.8., and in 1875 that of A.M. He was elected a member of the Phi Beta Kappa Society on graduation. 
For three years after graduation he acted as Private Secretary to Senator Justin S. Morrill at Washington, D. C., and 
for a year acted in a similar capacity to Professor Baird, then Assistant Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, and Head 
of the U. S. Fish Commission. 
He spent a summer at Woods Hole with the Fisheries Commission, and was given opportunities for pursuing natural history. 
He preferred a medical career. While at Washington, D. C., he studied medicine, and graduated from the Medical Department 
of the Columbian University in 1876, being chosen Valedictorian of his class. He then went to New York, where he entered 
the College of Physicians and Surgeons, and graduated in 1877. He passed the competitive examination, and entered as an interne 
in Bellevue Hospital, where he had as his Visiting Physicians and teachers Dr. Austin Flint, Sr., and Dr. Edward G, Janeway, 
Through the latter in particular he received a stimulus for the study of Pathology and pathological anatomy. Leaving the Hos- 
pital, he entered the U. S. Marine Hospital Service, and helped to organize and manage the new Hospital on Bedloe’s Island. 
Coming in contact with an enormous amount of syphilitic material, he collected many hundreds of cases, and wrote an essay on 
the “Benignity of Syphilis,” which received the Gold Medal of the New York County Medical Society. 
Dr. Dana resigned from the Service after a year, and entered private practice. He had always a strong interest in physiolog- 
ical studies, and in 1 880 he was appointed Professor of Comparative Physiology in the Columbia School of Comparative Medicine. 
In connection with this school there was a Pathological Laboratory under the direction of Dr. Thos. H. Satterthwaite, and he 
did much laboratory work both physiological and pathological here. 
A little later he was made Professor of Physiology in the Woman s College of the New York Infirmary. In 1884 he was 
appointed Professor of Nervous and Mental Diseases in the New York Post-Graduate College, and in the early nineties was also 
Professor of Nervous and Mental Diseases in Dartmouth h/ledical College. 
He was appointed and has been a visiting physician to Bellevue Hospital since 1888. In 1897 he was elected Professor of 
Nervous and Mental Diseases in Bellevue Hospital Medical College. 
When Cornell University organized its Medical School in 1898, he was made Professor of Nervous and Mental Diseases. 
Dr. Dana is a member of the New York Neurological Society and American Neurological Association, of both of 
which he was at one time President. In 1905 he received the honor of being elected President of the New York Academy 
of Medicine. 
He is a corresponding member of the Societe de Neurologic of Paris, and of the Societe de Psychiatric of Paris, and of 
many general and special medical organizations, being also a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of 
Science. 
In 1890 Dr. Dana wrote a “Textbook of Nervous Diseases” which has gradually been enlarged to include chapters 
on Psychiatry, and which has gone into the seventh edition. 
He has always had a taste for literary work, and did editorial writing for some years on the “Medical Record.” He has 
written articles in the Reviews, and published a small work on the life and poetry of Horace; and one on the Poet Propertius 
In 1900 he organized the “Charaka Club” for the study of Medical History and allied topics. His early scientific work was done in the Laboratory of Drs. Satterthwaite and Porter, and later mainly in the Post-Grad- 
uate Medical School, in the Carnegie Laboratory, in the Wards of Bellevue Hospital, and in the Montefiore Home. 
His writings have been largely contributions to the pathological anatomy and symptomatology of nervous and mental diseases. 
Anatomy and Physiology. 
The Mechanical Effect of Nerve-Stretching on the Spinal Cord (Medical Record, July 29th, 1882). 
Paralysis of the Trigeminus. Study of its Relation to Taste (Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, February, 1886). 
A Case of Anencephaly (Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, February, 1888). 
The Cortical Localization of Cutaneous Sensations (Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, October, 1888). 
Anatomical Study of the Brain of a Murderer (Guiteau, Medical Record, 1890). 
A New Method of Determining the Position of the Fissure of Rolando (The Post-Graduate, 1890) 
Cranio-Cerebral Topography (Medical Record, January 12th, 1889). 
The Olefactory Nerve, Tests of Olefaction (New York Medical Journal, September 7th, 1889). 
Experimental Study of the Seat of Cutaneous Sensations (Medical Record, May 13th, 1893). 
Anatomical Report on the Brain of a Bolivian Indian (Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, March, 1894). 
The Localization of Cutaneous and Muscular Sensations and Memories (Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, Decem- 
ber, 1894). 
Protopathic and Epicritic Sensibility (Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, September, 1906). 
Brain, Pathology and Symptomatology. 
Vertigo and Staggering in Temporal Lobe Lesions (Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, July, 1889). 
The Common Forms of Meningitis (Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, December, 1899). 
Acromegaly and Gigantism (Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, November, 1891). 
Successful Operation for Brain Tumor (New York Medical Journal, June 22, 1895. With Dr. J. R. Conway) 
Haemorrhagic Encephalitis (Medical Record, July 7, 1900, with Dr. M. J. Schlapp). 
Cortical Sclerosisi. A Case with Autopsy (Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, January, 1901). 
Acute Basedow’s Disease, with Autopsies (New York Medical Journal, January 14, 1902). 
A Case of Aphasia (Sensory Aphemia) with Autopsy (Journal of Nervous and Mental diseases, January, 1904). 
A Case of Cerebral Bulbar Palsy, with a Study of Cerebral Localization (Philadelphia Medical Journal, February 8, 1902). 
Acute Bulbar Paralysis, Cases with Autopsies (Medical Record, September 3, 1903). 
The Cerebral Localization of Aphasia and its Classification on an Anatomical Basis (New York Medical Journal, August 
10. 1907). 
Cerebral Apoplexy. 
The Forms of Cerebral Hemorrhage (Medical Journal, August 16, 1890) 
Diagnosis of Cerebral Hemorrhage and Softening, Study of Seventy-four Fatal Cases, with Autopsies (Medical Record, 
July 25, 1891). 
Apoplexy in its Relation to the Temperature of the Body (American Journal of Medical Sciences, June, 1894). 
Bilateral Temperature in Apoplexy (Neurological Reports, The Post-Graduate, July, 1896, p. 317). 
Pons Haemorrhage and Opium Poisoning (Neurological Reports, The Post-Graduate, July, 1896, p. 320). 
Description of a New Type of Degenerative Disease of the Spinal Cord (Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, April 
1, 1891). 
Spine and Spinal Cord Pathology and Symptomatology. 
Combined Sclerosis and Anaemia (Medical Record, January 24, 1899). 
Combined Sclerosis and Pernicious Anaemia (Medical Record, January 24, 1899). 
Combined Sclerosis of the Spinal Cord (Medical Record, July 2, 1887). 
Subacute Spinal Paralysis with Autopsy (Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, June, 1887). 
Acute Transverse Myelitis with Perforating Necrosis of the Dorsal Cord (Alienist and Neurologist, April, 1899). 
Paralysis Agitans and Sarcoma (American Journal of American Sciences, November, 1899). 
Ibid. (Neurological Reports, The Post-Graduate; p. 325). 
Spondylosis Rhizomelia, Chronic Stiffness of the Vertebral Column (Medical News, November 25, 1899). 
Spondylosis Rhizomelia, Chronic Stiffness of the Vertebral Column, Case with Autopsy (Trans, of Association of American 
Physicians, 1901). 
Progressive Senile Paraplegia Poliomyelomalacia (Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, June, 1890). 
Shaking Palsy, a Clinical and Pathological Study (New York Medical Journal, July, 1893). 
Gliomatosis of Spinal Cord with Terminal Haemorrhage (Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, 1894) A Case of Friedreich’s Ataxia, with Autopsy (Neurological Report, The Post-Graduate, July, 1896). 
Tuberculous Myelitis and Pachymeningitis with Pott’s Disease (Neurological Reports, The Post-Graduate, July, 1896, 
Progressive Muscular Atrophy, a Study of its Causes and Classification (Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, Feb- 
ruary, 1906). 
P. 313). 
Peripheral Nerves. 
Multiple Neuritis (Pseudo-tabes) from Arsenical Poisoning (Brain, January, 1887) 
A Case of Thomsen’s Disease (Medical Record, April 21, 1888). 
Diphtheritic Palsies and the Use of Antitoxin (Medical Record, April 1 1, 1896). 
Brachial Neuralgia (Medical Record, February 23, 1907). 
Motor and Sensory Neuroses. 
Galvanization of the Brain in the Treatment of Chorea (Medical Record, November 17, 1883). 
The Acro-Neuroses (Medical Record, July 18, 1883). 
A Clinical Study of Neuralgias and Reflex Pains (New York Medical Journal, July 23 and 30, 1887). 
Chronic Headaches (The Medical News, March, 1889). 
Hereditary Chorea, a Contribution to its Pathological Anatomy (Brain, 1890). 
Pathological Anatomy of Tic Douloureaux (Medical News, May 16, 1891). 
Treatment of Chorea by Exalgin (Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, 1892). 
Tremor, its Clinical Characters and Diagnostic Significance (Medical News, December 17, 1892) 
Hereditary and Family Tremor (Amer. Journal of Med. Sciences, 1888). 
(York Medical Journal, July 10, 1893). 
The Microbic Origin of Chorea (American Journal of Medical Sciences, January, 1894) 
On a Method of Relieving Tic Douloureaux (Medical Record, May 1897. Neurological Reports. The Post Graduate, 
p. 265, Trans, of Association of American Physicians, 1896). 
Natural History of Tic Douloureaux (Journal of the American Medical Association, 1900). 
Myoclonus Multiplex and the Myoclonias (Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, August, 1903). 
Neck-Pains and Cervlco-Occipital Neuralgia (Medical Review of Reviews, August, 1907). 
Clinical Studies. 
On Morbid Drowsiness and Somnolence (Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, April, 1884) 
Concussion of the Spine (Medical Record. December 6, 1884). 
The Therapeutics of Epilepsy (Trans. New York State Medical Society, 1886). 
The Home Treatment of Epilepsy, Monthly Cyclopaedia of Practical Medicine, Vol. VIII, p. 385, 1905). 
Lithaemia, Oxaluria and Phosphaturia (Medical Record, January 16, 1886). 
Angio-Paralytic Neurasthenia (Journal of the American Medical Association, January 26, 1895). 
The Traumatic Neuroses (Monograph for Hamilton’s System of Legal Medicine, Vol. 11, 1894). 
The Modern View of the Traumatic Neuroses (The Post-Graduate, February, 1895). 
Psychro-Aesthesia and Psycho-Algia (New York Medical Reports, The Post-Graduate, July, 1896) 
Electrical Injuries (Medical Record. November 2. 1899). 
Pernicious Anaemia, in Relation to Inheritance (Medical Record, December 1, 1900). 
Acute Spinal Ataxia (New York Medical Journal, April 20, 1901). 
On Certain Disorders of Sleep (Philadelphia Medical Journal, April 6. 1901). 
The Disorders of Sleep, Monograph for Wood’s Hand-book of the Medical Sciences, Vol. VII.). 
Intermittent Claudication (Medical Record. February 22, 1902). 
Irritability of the Facial Muscles and its Clinical Significancances (New York Medical Journal, July 25, 1903). 
On Cyto-Diagnosis in Nervous Diseases (Medical Record, January 23, 1904). 
Two Cases of Jacksonian Epilepsy, Treated by Excision of the Cortex (Neurological Reports. The Post-Graduate, p. 
305). 
The Cerebellar Seizure (Cerebellar Fits, New York Medical Journal, February 11, 1905). 
The Symptoms of Disease of the Cerebellum (New York Medical Journal, October 6, 1906). 
Surgery of the Nervous System. 
Craniotomy for Idiocy (American Journal of Medical Sciences, January, 1896). 
Craniotomy for Idiocy (Pediatrics, 1896). 
The Psychoses, Alcoholism and Inebriety. 
The Needs of the Insane, Statistics of Insanity in the United States (Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases, April, 
1882). Folie du Doute and Mysophobia (Alienist and Neurologist, July, 1884). 
Eye-Strain and the Psychoses (Medical News, July 30th, 1894). 
The Study of a Non-Dementing Psychosis by Laboratory Methods (American Journal of Insanity, Vol. LX, No. 2, 
1903), 
A Psychological Case Record (Compiled with Prof. J. McK. Cattell). 
A Study of a Case of Amnesia or Double Consciousness (The Psychological Review, November, 1894). 
Deformity and Paralysis of the Uvula as a Stigma of Degeneration (American Journal of Insanity, 1896). 
Curability of Early Paresis (Journal of the American Medical Association, 1904). 
Alcoholism in Bellevue Hospital (New York Medical Journal, June 14th, 1890). 
Nature and Frequency of Inebriety (Medical Record, March 19th, 1892). 
Alcoholism in New York (American Journal of Insanity, July, 1893). 
Acute Alcoholic “Serous” Meningitis (Medical Record, December 4th, 1897). 
Inebriety, a Study of its Causes, etc. (Medical Record, July, 27th, 1901). 
The Problem of the Well-to-do Inebriate (New York Medical Journal, August Ist and Bth, 1903). 
The Strychnin Cure of Alcoholism (Neurological Reports, The Post-Graduate). 
A Study of the Anaesthesias of Hysteria (American Journal of Medical Sciences, Oct. 1890). 
Hysteria and Organic Diseases (Medical Record, September 20th, 1902). 
Limitation of the Term Hysteria, with a Consideration of its Nature (Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 1907) 
The Zoophil-Psychosis (Medical Record, March 6th, 1909). Berlin Pub. Co. N. Y 
Photo by Al man FRANCIS DELAFIELD 
Emeritus Professor of Pathology and Practice of Medicine 
College of Physicians and Surgeons 
New York City 
BRANCIS DELAFIELD, M.D., LL.D., was born in New York, August 3rd, 1841. He is a son of Dr. Edward 
Delafield, also an eminent physician, and a President of the College of Physicians and Surgeons. Through his 
mother, Julia Floyd, he is descended from William Floyd, a signer of the Declaration of Independence. 
He prepared for college in a private school and entered Yale at the age of fourteen, graduating in 1860. He 
then studied medicine at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, and after graduation became an interne at Bellevue. On 
finishing his hospital service he went abroad, and studied medicine in Paris, London, and Berlin. Returning in 1865 he was 
taken into partnership by Dr. Markoe and was made Assistant in the Medical Clinic of the College of Physicians and Surgeons, 
In 1868 he was appointed Lecturer on Pathological Anatomy; in 1871 he was made Pathologist and Attending Physician to 
Roosevelt Hospital and Surgeon to the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, and in 1874 he became Attending Physician at 
Bellevue. 
In 1877, believing that the causes of disease should be dealt with at first hand by the student, he conceived and with the 
aid of the Alumni Association carried out the idea of establishing a Pathological Laboratory at the College; and in 1878 was 
made its first director, carrying on its work until 1 882 when he resigned to become Professor of Pathology and the Practice of 
Medicine, which classes he held until 1901, when he became Professor Emeritus. 
Of Dr. Delafield’s position as a teacher may be cited the following from the pen of a well-known medical authority. 
“He has set the rare example of an eminent consulting physician, a distinguished teacher of practical medicine, who has never 
ceased to base his conclusions not only upon clinical study, but upon pathological research done with his own hands.” 
He is connected with Bellevue, Roosevelt, and St. Luke s Hospital as Consulting Physician. 
In 1886 he was elected the first President of the Association of American Physicians. In 1890 the degree of Doctor of 
Laws was conferred upon him by Yale for conspicuous services to the medical profession; and in 1904 he received this degree 
from Columbia University. 
Though constantly engaged in active practice, Dr. Delafield has written many books on medical subjects of which the most 
widely known are “Lectures on the Practice of Medicine.” “Handbook of Pathological Anatomy,” and “Studies in Patho- 
logical Anatomy,” 
In 1870 he married Miss Katherine Van Rensselaer, FREDERIC S. DENNIS 
Professor of Clinical Surgery 
Cornell University Medical College 
New York City 
REDERIC S. DENNIS, M.D., F.R.C.S., the son of Eliza A. (Shepard) and Alfred L. Dennis, was born in 
Newark, New Jersey, on April 17th, 1850. 
JwlgS His early education acquired in his native city, Dr. Dennis attended Phillips Academy at Andover, Massa- 
chusetts, and upon the completion of college preparatory work in this Institution entered, in 1868, Yale College. 
Four years later he was graduated with the Bachelors degree, and in this year, 1872, matriculated at the Bellevue Hospital 
Medical College. In 1874, having been graduated with the medical degree, Dr. Dennis went to England, and at the Royal 
College of Surgeons in London pursued an advanced course of study in Surgery. In 1877 the degree of M. R.C.S. by examina- 
tion was conferred upon him by this College, and after spending some time on the Continent, Dr. Dennis returned to the 
United States, and engaged in practice in New York City. Twenty years later Royal College of Surgeons conferred upon him 
*he degree of F.R.C.S. 
The appointments which Dr. Dennis has received amply attest the measure of his success in his chosen field of medicine. 
He was Professor of the Principles and Practice of Surgery at the Bellevue Hospital Medical College, and later Professor 
of Clinical Surgery at the Cornell University Medical College, both in New York City, and in addition is Attending Surgeon to 
St. Vincent’s Hospital, and Consulting Surgeon to Bellevue and St. Joseph's Hospitals. 
Besides an extensive membership in American professional associations, among others the New York Academy of Medicine, 
and the American Surgical Association, of which he is ex-president. Dr. Dennis’s ability and achievements have been recognized 
in Europe, and he has been elected a member of the International Congress of Surgeons in Brussels, of the German Congress of 
Surgeons in Berlin, and of the Clinical Society of London. 
Dr. Dennis has written various surgical essays, and is the author of “System of Surgery,” which is in five volumes, and of 
“The Development of Surgery During the Last Century,” which was presented at the St. Louis Exposition before the Inter- 
national Congress of the Arts and Sciences. 
In February, 1880, Dr. Dennis was married to Fannie Rockwell, of Brooklyn 
Dr. Dennis is a member of the Century and University Clubs, Berlin Pub. Co. N. Y. 
Photo by Davis & Sanford DAVID LINN EDSALL 
Professor of Medicine 
University of Pennsylvania 
Philadelphia, Pa 
® AVID LINN EDSALL, A.8., M.D., was born in Hamburg, New Jersey, the son of Richard E. Edsall and Emma 
In 1890, Dr. Edsall was graduated from Princeton University with the Baccalaureate Degree, and three years 
later, in 1893, was graduated as Doctor of Medicine from the University of Pennsylvania. After receiving the 
medical degree, he served as Interne in Mercy Hospital, Pittsburg, and then spent a year working abroad, chiefly in London, 
Vienna, and later in Gratz, Austria. 
E. Linn 
Upon returning in 1893 to Philadelphia, he became Associate of the William Pepper Laboratory of Clinical Medicine. 
In 1899 he was appointed Instructor in Medicine in his Alma Mater, the University of Pennsylvania, in ! 902 Associate in Medi- 
cine, in 1905 Assistant Professor of Medicine and in 1907 full Professor of Therapeutics and Pharmacology. In 1910 his Chair 
was changed to that of Medicine. 
Dr. Edsall is at present, 1910, President of the American Pediatric Society and of the American Association for the 
Advancement of Clinical Investigation. He is member of the Council on Pharmacy and Chemistry, and of the Council on the 
Defense of Medical Research of the American Association. He is one of the Editorial Board of the “Archives of Internal 
Medicine.” 
Dr. Edsall is member of the American Philosophical Society, Association of American Physicians, American Association for 
the Advancement of Clinical Investigation, American Pediatric Society, Interurban Clinical Club, and Society of Experimental 
Biology and Medicine. 
Besides his professional duties. Dr, Edsall is engaged in a large practice and in research. His researches have been chiefly 
studies of nutritional diseases and questions in metabolism; occupational diseases; practical hygiene, especially of infectious and 
nutritional diseases, and diseases of childhood. 
On December 22nd, 1899, he married in Boston Miss Margaret Harding Tileston, and they have three sons, John Tileston, 
born in 1902, Richard Linn, born in 1905, and Geoffrey, born in 1908. Berlin Pub- Co. N.V- 
Photo by Haeseler MAX EINHORN 
Professor of Medicine 
New York Post-Graduate Medical School 
New York City 
mAX EINHORN, M. D., was born in Grodno, Russia, Jan. 10, 1862, son of Abraham and Sara Einhorn. His 
father was a prominent clergyman. 
He was graduated at the Gymnasium, Posen, Germany, in 1879, and at Riga, Russia, in 1880. Going 
from Riga to the University of St. Vladimir, Kieff, Russia, he began the study of medicine, which he continued 
at the University of Berlin, receiving his diploma in 1884, and also passing the state examination as a medical practitioner. 
In 1885 Dr. Einhorn came to America and was appointed House Physician in the German Hospital in New York city, and 
after one year he began practicing on his own account. He is at present Professor of Medicine at the New York Post-Graduate 
Medical School and Hospital, and Visiting Physician to the German Hospital. 
He has invented a number of instruments employed by the medical profession all over the world. Among them are the 
Fermentation Saccharometer (1887); the Gastrodiaphane (1889) for trans-illuminating the stomach; the Deglutable Stomach 
Electrode (1891) for applying electricity within the stomach; Stomach Bucket (1890) for obtaining small quantities of gastric 
contents for analysis; Gastograph (1890); Gastric Spray (1892); Stomach Powder Blower (1899); Gastric Douche 
(1899); Stool Sieve (1900); a new Oesophagoscope (1901); Radium Receptacles for Oesophagus, Stomach and Rectum 
(1904), and the Radiodiaphane (1904). 
Dr. Einhorn is a member of the Deutscher Liederkranz of New York city, the New York Academy of Medicine, the 
New York County Medical Society, the Medical Association of the State of New York, the American Medical Association, 
the American Gastro-enterological Association, the New York Medical Union, the Physicians’ Mutual Aid Society, the Society 
of Medical Jurisprudence, and corresponding member of the Medical Society of Munich, Bavaria. 
In 1896 Dr. Einhorn wrote a book entitled “Diseases of the Stomach,” which has been translated into German, French 
and Japanese, and has a wide circulation. He is also the author of “Diseases of the Intestines” (1900); “Practical Prob- 
lems of Diet and Nutrition” (1905), and numerous papers which have been published in American, French and German medical 
journals. He was for several years editor of the New York “German Medical Monthly,” and is now on the editorial staff of the 
“Zeitschrift fuer Diatetische und Physikalische Therapie,” edited by Prof, von Leyden, and of the “Archiv fuer Verdaungskrank- 
heiten.” 
Dr. Einhorn was married March 30, 1892, to Flora, daughter of Adolph Strauss of New York city. Berlin Put Co. N.Y. REGINALD HEBER FITZ 
Emeritus Professor of Theory and Practice of Physic 
Harvard University 
Boston, Mass 
EGINALD HEBER FI FZ, M. A., M. D., was born in Chelsea, Massachusetts, May sth, 1843, the son of 
H \ Albert and Eliza Roberts (Nye) Fitz. He was graduated as Bachelor of Arts from Harvard University in 
1864. Three years later in 1867 the degree of Master of Arts was bestowed upon him, in 1 868 he received the 
degree of Doctor of Medicine from the medical department of Harvard University, and in 1903 the degree of 
Doctor of Laws was conferred upon him by the same institution. 
Dr. Fitz has been engaged in educational work since 1870 when he became Instructor of Pathological Anatomy in his 
Alma Mater, a position he held until 1873, when he was appointed as Assistant Professor. During 1878 and 1879 he was 
full Professor and in 1879 was tendered and accepted the Shattuck professorship of Pathological Anatomy. He continued in 
the discharge of his duties in this capacity until 1892, when he changed his Chair to that of 1 heory and Practice of Physic, 
Since 1908 he has been Emeritus Professor of Harvard University. 
He is Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. 
Dr. Fitz is the author with Dr. Horatio C. Wood of “The Practice of Medicine,” published in 1897, besides many articles 
and addresses pertaining to his specialty. Berlin Pub.Co.NY. 
Photo by Chickennq SIMON FLEXNER 
Director of the Laboratories 
of the 
Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research 
New York City 
IMON FLEXNER, M.D., D.Sc., LL.D., was born in Louisville, Kentucky, March 25th, 1863, the son of Morris 
and Esther (Abraham) Flexner. 
Educated in the public schools of his native city. Dr. Flexner entered the University of Louisville, where he 
pursued the medical course, and was graduated in 1 889. He possessed great aptitude for pathological work, and 
upon graduating went to Johns Hopkins University as a post-graduate student in Pathology, and became a pupil of Professor 
Welch and Professor Councilman. Subsequently he was appointed Assistant, and ultimately Associate Professor of Pathology 
in this Institute, but having been offered the Chair of Pathology in the University of Pennsylvania, he resigned his post in 
Johns Hopkins and accepted that in the University of Pennsylvania. Later he went to the Rockefeller Institute for Medical 
Research, and is still connected with this Institution. 
He has been a teacher and investigator in Pathology and Bacteriology, and at present is engaged in research and in ad- 
ministrative duties. During this time he has spent several short periods abroad in Germany and in Paris, in the latter place at 
the Pasteur Institute, in study. He has had as instructors in Europe Professors von Recklinghausen, Hans Chiari, Emil Fischer, 
and Ernst Salkowski. 
In 1900 Dr. Flexner was a member of the Johns Hopkins University Commission for Investigation of Tropical Diseases 
to the Philippine Islands, and in 1901 he was one of the Government Plague Commission to San Francisco, California. He 
received the honorary degree of D.Sc. from Harvard University, and that of LL.D. from the University of Maryland in 1907, 
in recognition of his conspicuous services in the pathological field. 
Dr. Flexner is Fellow of the New York Academy of Medicine, and member of the National Academy of Sciences, Asso- 
ciation of American Physicians, American Philosophical Society, American Association for the Advancement of Science, Amer- 
ican Association of Pathologists and Bacteriologists, and the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine; he is Corre- 
sponding member of the Medico-Chirurgical Society, Bologna, and the Societe de Pathologic Exotique, Paris. 
His numerous papers on pathological and bacteriological subjects, especially Toxalbumin Intoxication, Dysentery, Cerebro- 
spinal Meningitis, Snake Venom, and Epidemic Poliomyelitis, attest his authority on these subjects. Berlin Pub. Co. N.Y. 
Photo Alman AUSTIN FLINT, Jr 
Professor of Obstetrics and Clinical Professor of Gynecology 
Ihe University and Bellevue Hospital Medical College 
New York City 
USTIN FLINT, Jr., M.D., the sixth physician of this family in direct line, was born in Ballston, Saratoga County, 
N£w York, in 1868, the son of Austin and Elizabeth McM aster Flint. 
r‘ nt received his early education at Phillips Academy, Andover, Massachusetts, and at the completion 
of the course here, entered Bellevue Hospital Medical College, and was graduated in Medicine in 1889. He then 
served the usual term as Interne in Bellevue Hospital, and subsequently went abroad to pursue some special studies in 
Munich, under Professor Winckel, and in Vienna. 
Upon his return in 1891 to the United States, he became associated with Professor Vhlham T. Lusk, as his assistant, 
both in private work and in teaching. Professor Lusk at that time occupied the Chair of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women 
and Children in Bellevue Hospital Medical College, and Dr. Flint was appointed Assistant to the Chair, with the title of “Lec- 
turer on Obstetrics.” He continued to occupy this position, to which was added Assistant Visiting Gynecologist to Bellevue 
Hospital, and Visiting Obstetrician to the Emergency Hospital, until 1895, when he was appointed full Professor of Obstetrics, 
and a member of the b acuity in conjunction with Dr. Lusk. 
These early associations naturally determined the selection of Obstetrics and Gynecology as the chief features of his profes- 
sional work, which has continued up to the present time. 
In 1894 Dr. Flint received the honorary degree of Master of Arts from Princeton University. From time to time, between 
I 894 and the present, he has received appointments in various hospitals and societies. Among these may be mentioned the Society 
of the Lying-In Hospital of the City of New York. He was one of the five original members of the Medical Board who 
started this work in 1891, and continued this connection for about ten years, until the Hospital was established on a 
firm basis and the money for its present building secured. For about the same length of time he has been first Associate and 
then full Visiting Gynecologist to Bellevue Hospital, Attending Obstetrician to the Emergency Hospital, and Attending Ob- 
stetrician to the Mothers’ and Babies’ Hospital, until the latter was dissolved about 1 900. He was appointed Attending Obstet- 
rician to the New York Maternity Hospital, but did active work for only a year or two, when he retired to the Consulting 
Board, which position he now holds. 
Dr. Flint still continues to have some interest in the Diseases of Children, and for several years was Attending Physician 
to the Society for the Relief of Ruptured and Crippled Children, and at the present time (1910) is Consulting Physician 
to that Institution. 
From the beginning of his professional life he has occupied the position of Obstetrician to the Emergency Hospital, now 
a part of Bellevue Hospital. At the time of the amalgamation of the Medical Department of the New York University and 
the Bellevue Hospital Medical College in 1898, which new exists under the combined name of “University and Bellevue 
Hospital Medical College,” he received an appointment as Professor of Obstetrics and Clinical Professor of Gynecology in the 
combined school, and still holds that Chair. 
In 1908, after the new building of the Woman’s Hospital in the State of New York was completed, Dr. Flint received 
an appointment as one of the Visiting Surgeons, and still continues his professional work there. 
He is a member of the American Medical Association, State and County Medical Societies, a Fellow of the Academy of 
Medicine, of the New York Obstetrical Society, and a member of the Alumni Associations of Bellevue Hospital and the 
Woman’s Hospital. Berlin Pub. Co. N. Y. 
Photo by Dupont CHARLES HARRISON FRAZIER 
Professor of Clinical Surgery 
Un iversity of Pennsylvania 
Philadelphia, Pa. 
gppagHARLES HARRISON FRAZIER, B. A.. M. D.. was om in Germantown, Pennsylvania, April 19th, 1870, 
the third son of William West Frazier, a prominent business man in Philadelphia, who played a conspicuous part 
in the war of 1861, and nee then in public, educational and philanthropic activities, and of Harriet (Harrison) 
Frazier. 
Dr. Frazier was brought up among surroundings of cultivation and high ideals of duty. He was educated 
first at the Episcopal Academy, later at the University of Pennsylvania, from which he received the baccalaureate degree in 
1889 and the medical degree in 1892, and then in Berlin, where he engaged in post-graduate studies until 1893 under Pro- 
fessors Von Bergmann, Virchow, Mendel, Bardeleben, Senator, and Caspar. 
During his student life he early showed the initiative and executive ability which have marked his later career, standing 
high in his studies, he yet took enthusiastic part in athletics and many student organizations. When he first returned from 
Europe after having been resident physician in several hospitals he was made a District City Physician, and obtaining several 
hospital dispensary appointments, he threw himself into these labors with energy, at the same time working in the Pepper 
Laboratory over experiments. The activities of the years which followed can best be seen in the chronological list of publica- 
tions in scientific journals, monographs, and addresses which follows, also in Dr. Frazier’s gradual rise from a volunteer in- 
structor at the University of Pennsylvania to the Deanship of the Medical Department, and Professorship of Clinical Surgery, 
he now holds. Although Dr. Frazier has taken an active part in public, philanthropic, and educational medical interests in 
the city and country, his own surgical and research work have occupied most of his time. 
He is interested in professional organizations, and is identified with several. He is a member of the American Neurological 
Association, American Philosophical Society, American Association for the Advancement of Science, American Medical Associa- 
tion, Pennsylvania State Medical Society, Philadelphia County Medical Society, and Fellow of the American Surgical Associa- 
tion, College of Physicians of Philadelphia, and of the Society of Clinical Surgery. 
In addition to his private practice, which is extensive, his teaching, research and literary activities. Dr. Frazier is a mem- 
ber of the surgical staff of the University, Episcopal, and Philadelphia General Hospitals; Surgeon of the Home of the Merciful 
Saviour, for crippled children, and Consulting Surgeon to Kensington Hospital for Women,” and other institutions. 
From 1902 to 1909 he was Dean of the Medical School of the University of Pennsylvania; he was one of the five original 
members of the Council of Medical Education of the American Medical Association; served as Chairman of Committee for the 
Reception of the International Conference at Philadelphia in 1900; Chairman of the Committee on Propaganda for the International 
Congress of Medicine and Hygiene, Argentine Republic, 1910; Chairman of Committee on Reorganization of the Phipps 
Institute of Philadelphia, etc., etc. 
His literary contributions to medical science are the following; 
Report of a Series of Fractures of the Elbow-joint Treated by the Jones Method, 1898. 
Curvature of the Neck of the Femur. Sometimes Called “Coxa Vara,” 1898. 
An Experimental Study of the Etiology of Appendicitis, 
The Restitution of the Blood-plasma Following Intravenous Saline Injections After Hemorrhage. 
The Treatment of Gonorrheal Rheumatism, 1900. 
A Critical Summary of the Literature on the Surgery of the Stomach, 1900. 
Osteoarthritis of the Spine and Hip Joints: Rhizomelic Spondylosis, 1900. 
Value of the Tuberculin Test in the Recognition of Latency or Quiescence in Tuberculosis of the Bones and Joints. A Pre- 
liminary Report, 1901. 
The Treatment of Cicatricial Stenosis of the Esophagus with Particular Reference to the Method of Koenig, 1901. 
Operative Treatment of Cirrhosis of the Liver, 1901. 
The Case Method of Teaching, 1901. The Division of the Sensory Root of the Trigeminus for the Relief of Tic Douloureux: and Experimental, Pathological and 
Clinical Study, with a Preliminary Report of One Surgically Successful Case, 1901. 
A study of Post-Operative Changes in the Blood. 1901. 
A Further Report Upon the Treatment of Tic Douloureux by Division of the Sensory Root of the Gasserian Ganglion, 1902. 
The Surgical Treatment of Facial Palsy, Preliminary Report of One Case, 1903. 
Case of Strangulated Meckel’s Diverticulum Complicating Typhoid Fever, 1903. 
Clinical Lecture on the Symptomatology and Treatment of Trifacial Neuralgia, 1903. 
An Experimental Study on the Regeneration of Posterior Spinal Roots, 1903. 
A Discussion of the Surgery of Tumors of the Brain, with a Resume of the Operative Records of Four Cranitomies, 1904. 
Physiologic Extirpation of the Ganglion of Gasser, 1904. 
Pictorial Groups or Charts Used in the Course in Surgical Pathology with a Brief Outline of the Course, 1904. 
Remarks Upon the Surgical Aspects of Tumors of the Cerebellum, 1905. 
The Various Methods of Opening the Skull for the Removal of Tumors of the Brain, 1905. 
The Treatment of Cerebral Palsies and Athetosis by Nerve Anastomosis and Transplantation, 1905. 
The Motor Area of the Human Cerebrum, Its Position and Subdivisions, with Some Discussion of the Surgery of This Area, 
1905. 
Remarks Upon the Surgical Aspects of Operable Tumors of the Cerebrum, 1906. 
Cerebral Decompression, 1906. 
Contributions to Keen’s Surgery, Vol. I. 
Early Operations for Cerebral Hemorrhages in Childhood, 1 906. 
Treatment of Selected Cases of Cerebral Spinal, and Peripheral Nerve Palsies and Athetosis by Nerve Transplantation, 1906. 
The Present Status of Cranial Surgery, 1907. 
Partial Gastrectomy, with Report of Two Cases, 1907, 
Surgical Treatment of Gall Stones, 1907. 
Some Surgical Lesions of the Central Nervous System, 1907. 
The Abdominal Complications and Sequelae of Typhoid. 
Endo-aneurysmorrhapy, 1907. 
A Brain Tumor Localized and Completely Removed with Some Discussion of the Symptomatology of Lesions Variously Dis- 
tributed in the Parietal Lobe, 1908. 
A Review of Cases Illustrating Certain Phases of Renal Infections and Nephrolithiasis. The Surgery of the Cervical f riangles, 
1908. 
The Surgical Treatment of Trifacial Neuralgia, Including a Series of Twenty-three Intracranial and Fifteen Extracranial Opera 
tions, with One Death, 1909. 
Problems and Procedures in Cranial Surgery, 1909. 
The Surgical Aspects of Cerebral Decompression, 1909. 
Surgery of the Cranial Nerves. Keen’s Surgery. Vol. V, 
Removal of the Pyloric Portion of Stomach. 
He married at the age of thirty-one Miss Gardiner of New York, and has four children. Berlin Pub.Co.N.Y. 
Photo by Haeseler JULIUS FRIEDENWALD 
Professor of Castro-Entereology 
College of Physicians and Surgeons 
Baltimore, Md. 
FRIEDENWALD, M. D., M. A., was born in Baltimore, Md., December 20th, 1866, the son of 
h Bertha Bamberger and Dr. Aaron Friedenwald, Professor of Ophthalmology in the College of Physicians and Sur- 
M geons, Baltimore, and a physician of great eminence in Baltimore. 
Dr. Friedenwald was educated in the well-known Zion School directed by the Rev. H, Schieb, an educator 
of prominence in those days. Here his scientific taste was first developed. He then spent three years in the Baltimore City Col- 
lege, and next, following his predilection for scientific studies, entered the Johns Hopkins University where he came under the in- 
fluence of Dr. H. Newell Martin, in Biology, Brooks, in Zoology, and Rernsen in Chemistry. Holding a scholarship of dis- 
tinction during his last two college years, he was graduated with honor as Bachelor of Arts, in 1 887, and was awarded a post- 
graduate scholarship for a year. This time was spent in post-graduate work in the Biological and Pathological Laboratories of the 
Johns Hopkins University. He published a paper at this time under the direction of H. Newell Martin on “The Effect of Light 
in the Production of Corbondioxide in Frogs . A Great deal of time was spent during this year in the Pathological Laboratory 
which had been then but recently opened under the direction of the noted Pathologist, Dr. William H. Welch. He next studied 
medicine in the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Baltimore, graduating in 1 890, at the head of his class, and securing the 
Gold Medal. He immediately became Resident Physician of the City Hospital of Baltimore, a position he held for two years. 
This was succeeded by a journey abroad where he devoted his attention especially to the study of Gastro-Entereology, studying in 
Berlin under Boas, Ewald, Rosenheim, Gerhardt, Von Leyden, and Senator; in Vienna under Oser and Nothnagel. After re- 
turning from Europe in 1893, he entered the active practice of his specialty, Gastro-Intestinal Diseases in Baltimore. 
He has been connected with the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Baltimore for some years, and at present holds the 
Chair of Gastro-Entereology in this institution. 
From 1908-1910 Dr. Friedenwald was President of the American Gastro-Entereology Association of which he is a member. 
He has an extensive membership in professional organizations, among them the American Medical Association, Medical and 
Chirurgical Faculty of Maryland, and University and Johns Hopkins Clubs. He is Fellow of the American Academy of 
Medicine, Associate Member of the Association of American Physicians. 
He is Visiting Physician to the Mercy Hospital, Union Protestant Infirmary, Church Home and Infirmary, and St. Agnes’ 
and the Women’s Hospitals of Baltimore, 
In collaboration with Dr. John Ruhrah, Dr, Friedenwald has written two works. One on “Diet in Health and Diseases”, 
which has gone through three editions, the latest in 1909, and the other on “Dietetics for Nurses” which has gone through two 
editions in 1905 and 1909 respectively. He has contributed numerous articles to various medical journals, specially relating to 
diseases of the digestive tract. Among these are: “The Pathological Effects of Alcohol on Rabbits; An Experimental Study”; 
“Important Events in the Development of Gastro-Entereology in America”; “Digestive Hypersecretion of Gastric Juice”; “Func- 
tional Diseases of the Stomach”, and article in Osier’s “Modern Medicine”; Foods and Nutrition in Hare’s “Modem Treat- 
ment” with Dr. John Ruhrah; “Influence of Saliva on Gastric digestion”, and many other articles. 
In 1 900 Dr, Friedenwald married Miss Esther Lee Rohr. M HOWARD FUSSELL 
Physician 
Philadelphia, Pa 
HOWARD FUSSELL, M.D., was born at Belvidere, Chester County, Pa., November 24th, 1835, the son of 
Si Milton and Tamar (Haldeman) Fussell. 
He was educated in the public schools and in the Friends’ Central High School of Philadelphia until 1872. 
In 1875 he matriculated as a medical student in the University of Pennsylvania, but left the following year to 
teach public school at Radnor, Delaware County, Pa., where he continued in the discharge of his duties until 1881, when 
he again attended the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania. Three years later he was graduated as Doc- 
tor of Medicine, and in July, 1884, entered into private practice at Manayunk, Pa., where he has since resided. 
In the fall of this same year he was appointed Assistant in the Medical Dispensary of the University of Pennsylvania, 
and subsequently Instructor of Clinical Medicine, and Physician-in-Chief of the Medical Dispensary and Assistant Physician 
to the Hospital, and since 1901 he has been Assistant Professor of Medicine in the University of Pennsylvania. 
Dr. Fussell has also accepted other hospital appointments and is at present Physician and Pathologist to St. Timothy’s 
Hospital and Physician to St. Mary s Hospital. 
Since 1904 he has been a member of the Council of the University of Pennsylvania. He has an extensive membership 
in medical organizations. Among these are: Association of American Physicians, College of Physicians, Philadelphia; Ameri- 
can Medical Association, Pathological Society of Philadelphia, Pediatric Society. He is also a member of the Friends’ and 
Republican Clubs, and School Director of the 21st Ward of Philadelphia. 
Dr. Fussell is a frequent contributor to professional periodicals of articles pertaining to medicine and pathology. Berlin Pab.Co-N.Y. 
Photo by Haeseler SAMUEL McC. HAMILL 
Professor of Diseases of Children 
Philadelphia Polyclinic 
Philadelphia, Pa 
AMUEL McCLINTOCK HAMILL, M. D., was graduated as Doctor of Medicine in 1888, and after the usual interne- 
ship, entered upon the private practice of medicine in Philadelphia. At first his practice was general but he has 
gradually limited it to the treatment of Diseases of Children. 
He has been connected for many years with the Philadelphia Polyclinic, and is at present Professor of Diseases 
of Children in this institution, as also in the College for Graduates in Medicine- He fills several positions in hospitals, among 
them that of Pediatrist to the Presbyterian Hospital and to the St. Vincents Home. 
He is a member of many medical associations, and takes an active interest in the College of Physicians of Philadelphia of 
which he was Councillor in 1910. Berlin Pub. Co.N.Y. 
Photo by Haeseler GRAEME MONROE HAMMOND 
Professor of Nervous and Mental Diseases 
New York Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital 
New York City 
HRAEME MONROE HAMMOND, M.D., LL.B., the eminent specialist and instructor in diseases of the brain and 
nervous system, is a son of the late Dr. William Alexander Hammond and Helen (Nesbit) Hammond, who were 
respectively of English and Scotch extraction, and was born in the City of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on February 
I, 1858. He was educated in Farrand’s and Everson’s private schools from 1868 to 1875, and then entered the 
School of Mines of Columbia College, where he spent three years. Thence, in 1878, he came to the Medical College of New 
York University, and was graduated from it with the degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1881. Immediately upon graduation he 
engaged in the practice of his profession, in New York City, 
For a time his practice was general in character, but in 1885 he adopted as his specialty the study and treatment of Diseases 
of the Brain and Nerves, and in that important branch of medical and surgical science has made himself one of the foremost 
authorities. Since 1886 he has been Professor of Nervous and Mental Diseases in the New York Post-Graduate Medical 
School and Hospital. He is also Neurologist to the Charity Hospital of New York. He has contributed much to current pro- 
fessional literature, and is the joint author with his father of a standard work on “Diseases of the Nervous System.” Dr. 
Hammond is a member of the American Neurological Association, and was its President in 1898, and its secretary for twenty- 
five years He is also a fellow of the New York Academy of Medicine, and a member of the New York Neurological Associa- 
tion the New York County Medical Society, the New York State Medical Society, the Society of Medical Jurisprudence, the 
New York Athletic Club, and the Bridgeport, Connecticut, Yacht Club. After attaining distinction in the medical profession Dr. 
Hammond decided to add to his knowledge of that science a more complete knowledge of law, and accordingly in 1897 entered 
the New York Law School as a student and was graduated a Bachelor of Laws in 1899, and was admitted to the New 
York Bar the same year. He was married in 1881 to Louise Elsworth, and has four children: Helen, Dorothea, Louise, 
and Claire Hammond. Berlin Pub.Co.N.Y. 
Photo by Hollinqer DANIEL PERCY HICKLING 
Physician and Neurologist 
Washington, d. a 
ANIEL PERCY HICKLING, M. D., was born in Washington, D. C.t Sept. 19, 1853, son of Daniel Percy and 
Sarah Ann (Russell) Hickling. 
He was educated in the Emerson Institute and Columbian University, and graduated at the latter in 1881. 
Having decided to follow the medical profession, he entered the Georgetown Medical School, where he received 
his M. D. degree in 1884. He also took special courses in London, Paris, Berlin, Chicago and the Harvard Medical School. 
After graduating in medicine in 1884 Dr. Hickling was externe and resident physician at the Providence Hospital, and 
during 1887-88 was Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy at the Georgetown Medical College. He served as Physician to the 
Poor in Washington from 1886 to 1892, and as Surgeon to the Police and Fire Departments from 1893 to 1897. He was 
Visiting Physician to the Washington Asylum during 1897-11, and in the latter year was appointed Visiting Physician to the 
Washington Asylum and Jail. 
Dr. Hickling has been Professor of Electro-Therapeutics in the Georgetown Medical School since 1907; Professor of 
Clinical Surgery since 1901, and Clinical Professor of Neurology since 1904. He was also Professor of Surgery and Genito- 
Urinary Diseases in the Post-Graduate h/ledical School. 
He was a member of the Consulting Staff of the Washington Home for Incurables and the Providence Hospital from 1906 
to 1908; was Chief of the Nervous and Mental Clinic of the Eastern Dispensary and Casualty Hospital, and Chief of the 
Electrical Therapeutic Clinic in the same institution from 1907 to 1909. He is now (1911) in charge of Nervous Diseases 
and Electro-Therapeutic Clinic of the Georgetown University Hospital, and Lecturer on Nervous Diseases in the Training School 
of the Providence Hospital, the Georgetown University Hospital and the Capitol Training School for Nurses. 
Dr. Hickling was formerly Chairman of the Committee on Public Health of the Business Men’s Association; President of the 
Washington Committee on the Prevention of Tuberculosis; Chairman of the Medical Committee on First Aid of the American 
Red Cross Society; Vice-President and Fellow of the American Electro-Therapeutic Association; Medical Director of Almas 
Temple of the Mystic Shrine; Surgeon of the Washington Commandery, Knights Templars; and has served on various Presidential 
Inaugural Committees. 
He is connected with a number of professional bodies and fraternal orders, holding membership in the Medical Society of the 
Alumni of Georgetown College, of which he was president in 1 909, the Medical Society of the District of Columbia, the Medical 
Association of the District of Columbia, the Medical and Surgical Society of the District of Columbia, serving as President in 
1910, the Society of Nervous and Mental Diseases of the District of Columbia (president 1910-11), the Medical Society of 
the Casualty Hospital, the Washington Academy of Sciences, the American Medico-Psychological Association, the University 
Club, King Solomon’s Lodge, F. & A. M.; Mt. Vernon Chapter, R. A, M,; Washington Commandery, Knights Templars; 
Albert Pike Consistory, A. & A. S. R., S. D., U. S, A., and is secretary of the Capitol Training School for Nurses and the 
Washington Training School for Nurses. 
Dr. Flickling is the author of a number of articles contributed to various medical journals. LUTHER EMMETT HOLT 
Professor of Diseases of Children 
College of Physicians and Surgeons 
Columbia University 
New York City 
m UTHER EMMETT HOLT, M.D., LL.D., Sc.D., the son of Horace and Sabrah A. (Curtice) Holt, was born in 
111 l Webster, New York, on March 4th, 1835. 
UPp Dr. Holt’s early training preliminary to entering College was acquired chiefly in the schools of his native town, 
and upon the completion of the usual preparatory studies, he entered the Academic Department of the University of 
Rochester, from which four years later, in 1875, he was graduated with the Bachelor of Arts degree. 
Having determined upon medicine as his profession. Dr. Holt spent his first year in the Medical Department of the Univer- 
sity of Buffalo. He then came to New York City, and matriculated at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, the Medical 
Department of Columbia University. In 1 880, upon graduation, he received the degree of Doctor of Medicine, His early train- 
ing and inclination led him first into the field of Surgery. But he soon found a stronger attraction in the Diseases of Children, 
which he took up as a specialty in 1884. In 1878 and in 1910 the University of Rochester conferred the honorary degrees 
of A.M. and LL.D. respectively upon Dr. Holt, and in 1 904 he received the degree of Sc.D. from Columbia University. 
Since 1902 Dr. Holt has been Professor of the Diseases of Children at his Alma Mater, the College of Physicians and 
Surgeons, and from 1894 to 1901 was Professor of the Diseases of Children at the New York Polyclinic. He is a member 
of the Board of Directors of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, and since its organization has been Secretary of 
this Board. 
As a result of his prominence in the special field of medicine which he has chosen. Dr. Holt has been elected Honorary 
Member of the Children’s Clinical Club of London, of the German Gesellschaft fuer Kinderheilkunde, and of the K. K. Gesell- 
schaft der Aerzte of Vienna, and is a Corresponding Member of the Gesellschaft fuer Innere Medizin und Kinderheilkunde in 
Vienna. He is a member of the American Pediatric Society, Association of American Physicians, American Medical Associa- 
tion. New York Pathological Society, and of the New York Clinical Society. 
Dr. Holt is the author of two volumes pertaining to the field of Pediatrics. They are: “Diseases of Infancy and Child- 
hood,” published by D. Appleton and Company, and “Care and Feeding of Children.” These volumes were published in 
1896 and 1894 respectively. They have each gone through five editions, the latest in 1909 and 1908. Besides these vol- 
umes, Dr. Holt has contributed extensively to medical literature upon Children and the Diseases of Children. 
In 1886 Dr. Holt was married to Linda F. Mairs. He is fond of out-of-door sports, especially horseback exercise and 
golf. Berlin Pub. Co. N. Y. 
Photo by Rochlltz WILLIAM HENRY HOWELL 
Professor of Physiology 
Johns Hopkins University 
Baltimore, Md. 
■■BPHBFJj ILLIAM HENRY HOWELL, M. D., LL. D., was born at Baltimore, Maryland, February 20th, 1860, the 
■A Wfi son George Henry and Virginia Teresa Howell. 
jl Dr. Howell was graduated from Johns Hopkins University in 1881, with the degree of Bachelor of Arts, 
and this institution conferred the degree of Ph. D. upon him in 1884. In 1890 he received the Honorary Degree 
of Doctor of Medicine from the University of Michigan, and from Trinity University he received the degree of LL. D. 
in 1901. 
Since 1899, Dr. Howell has been engaged in educational (medical) work in addition to his practice and hospital duties. 
In this year he became Associate Professor of Physiology at the Johns Hopkins University, during 1889 and 1892 he was 
Professor of Physiology and Histology in the University of Michigan; in 1892-1893 he was Associate Professor of Physiology 
at Harvard University, and since 1893 he has been Professor of Physiology and Dean of the Medical Faculty at Johns 
Hopkins University. 
Dr. Howell has been Associate Editor of the American Journal of Physiology” since 1898. He is also the Editor 
of “An American Text-book of Physiology, published in 1896, and author of numerous contributions to the “Journal of Physi- 
ology,” London; “Journal of Experimental Medicine, New York; “Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society,’ London; 
“Journal of Morphology, Boston; and Studies for the Biological Laboratory of Johns Hopkins University,” Baltimore. 
He is member of the National Academy of Sciences, American Society of Naturalists, Society of Experimental Biology 
and Medicine, American Physiological Society, and of the American Philosophical Society, and many others. 
Dr. Howell was married June 13th, 1887, to Miss Anne Janet Tucker of Baltimore. Berlin Pub. Co. N. Y. 
Photo by Alman ABRAHAM JACOBI 
Emeritus Professor of Diseases of Children 
College of Physicians and Surgeons 
New York City 
Kgjpsrgs BRAHAM JACOBI, M.D., was born in Hartum, Westphalia, May 6th, 1830. He was a student at the Uni- 
wm versities of Greifswald, Gottingen, and Bonn, obtaining his medical degree from the last-named institution in 1851, 
and like many other young and progressive Germans of that period, his advanced political ideas drew him into a 
revolutionary movement, resulting in his imprisonment for two years. Upon being released in 1853 he came to the 
United States by way of England, and entered into practice in New York City. 
He was called into public practice as early as 1857, by an appointment as Attending Physician to the German Dispensary, 
and was later connected in the same capacity with the German, Mt. Sinai, Bellevue, Roosevelt, and other hospitals. His 
interest in the Diseases of Children caused his selection for the professorship of that department at the New York Medical 
College in 1860, and from 1865 to 1870 he occupied that Chair in the Medical School connected with the University of the 
City of New York. In 1870 he joined the Medical Faculty of Columbia University as Clinical Professor of Diseases of 
Children at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, and his earnest efforts during a long series of years to send forth students 
properly prepared for professional work can best be appreciated by those who have profited by his instructions, and witnessed 
his sincere endeavors to display to the best advantage his professional skill in the presence of the student. At present, 1911, 
he is Emeritus Professor of Diseases of Children in that institution. 
Dr. Jacobi has ably filled the Presidential Chairs of the New York Pathological and Obstetrical Societies, the County and 
State Medical Societies, and the New York Academy of Medicine. 
He was at one time Associate Editor of the “American Journal of Obstetrics and the Diseases of Women and Children.” 
He is the author of “Dentition and Its Derangements”; “Raising and Education of Abandoned Children in Europe”; “Infant 
Diet”- a Treatise on Diphtheria; “Intestinal Diseases of Infancy and Childhood”; “Therapeutics of Infancy and Childhood.” 
He has also contributed chapters on the Care and Nutrition of Children, Diphtheria, and Dysentery to Gerhadt’s “Handbuch der 
Kinderkrankheiten”; on Diphtheria, Rachitis, and Laryngitis to “Pepper’s System of Practical Medicine,” and has published 
with Dr. E. Noeggerath “Contributions to Midwifery and Diseases of Women and Children” in 1859, and his lectures, re- 
ports, etc., have frequently appeared in the standard medical journals during the past fifty years. Berlin Pub. Co. N. Y. 
Photo by Hollinger EDWARD GAMALIEL JANEWAY 
Pathologist and Diagnostician 
DWARD GAMALIEL JANEWAY, M. D., was born in Middlesex County, N. J., Aug. 31, 1841, son of George 
Jacob Janeway, and grandson of Jacob Jones Janeway (1774-1858), a noted Presbyterian clergyman, a professor 
in the college and Theological School at Princeton and at Rutgers College, and author of several valuable Biblical 
commentaries and doctrinal treatises. Dr. Janeway made his academic studies at Rutgers College and was gradu- 
ated in 1860. In the following autumn he entered the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, where he received 
the degree of M. D. in 1864, meantime, during one year (1862-63), serving as acting medical cadet at the U. S. Army Hospital, 
Newark, N. J. On being admitted to practice, he located in New York City, and in 1866 he was appointed a curator of Bellevue 
Hospital. Six years later he became visiting physician, continuing in both positions until 1892. It was to his careful and conscien- 
tious life work begun at this period that his later success was due. As Dr. Welch recently said: “If there ever was a seeker after 
truth Dr. Janeway was one, and this was the keynote of his character.” As one of the curators of Bellevue Hospital, together 
with Drs. Delafield and Southern, he instituted a new system of keeping the records, which before then had been done in a very 
imperfect way. He entered upon the study of pathology at an interesting period in the evolution of that science, and for ten or 
twelve years did the hardest kind of work, combining clinical study in the wards of the hospitals with the study of appearances pre- 
sented post mortem. He read extensively the writings of French and German investigators, and was also familiar with the use of the 
microscope. He was essentially an original worker, a keen observer and an excellent interpreter. While his methods were those used 
in the laboratories of Europe, he followed no one method slavishly. It was not long before he was winning distinction as a prac- 
titioner, especially in the domain of diagnosis. As an acute diagnostician he showed almost superhuman detective power in ferreting 
out hidden causes of disease. In the opinion of the “New York Medical Journal,” “there never lived his superior as a diagnos- 
tician.” 
Besides his work at Bellevue Dr. Janeway was also visiting physician to the New York Charity Hospital (1868-71), 
its chief of staff in 1870; to the Hospital for Epileptics and Paralytics (1870-74), and to the Mount Sinai Hospital (1885- 
1907) ; was consulting physician to the New York Emigrant’s Hospital (1880-89) ; to the City Health Department Hospitals 
(1881-92); to the Presbyterian Hospital (1885-1907), and to the French Hospital (1888-1907), and was consulting patholo- 
gist to the Hospital for Ruptured and Crippled (1875-1907). But his best work was as a teacher. For one year (1871-72) 
he was Professor of Physiological and Pathological Anatomy in the medical department of the New York University of the 
city of New York; was Professor of Pathological Anatomy at Bellevue Hospital Medical College (1872-76) ; was professor of 
Diseases of the Nervous System and Clinical Medicine and Associate Professor of the Principles and Practice of Medicine (1881- 
86) being full professor of the latter department (1886-1907), and was also lecturer on Materia Medica and Therapeutics. 
Among other public offices Dr. Janeway held a commissionership in the New York Health Department during 1875-81, when he 
introduced important reforms. He was on the committee of conference between the health department and the New York 
Academy of Medicine (1887), and on the committee of the Chamber of Commerce during the cholera scare of 1892. He was 
vice-president of the New York Pathological Society in 1874, and was also a member of the New York County Medical Society, 
the New York Academy of Medicine, of which he was president in 1897-98, the Association of American Physicians (presi- 
dent, 1900), the Century Association and the City Club of New York City. Dr. Janeway was a repository of medical knowl- 
edge equaled by few and surpassed by none. His success may be attributed to his rare qualities of mind and to his very tenacious 
memory that retained vividly every past impression. In his college work, while not a disciplinarian in the compelling sense of the 
v/ord, he exercised great power through the respect that he inspired. Painstaking and conscientious in all his work, he was con- 
stantly looking for results, and never for renown. His wife was Frances S. Rogers, who survived him together with one son, 
Theodore Caldwell Janeway, also a physician of note, and two daughters: Matilda S., wife of William T. Wisner 2nd, and 
Frances R., wife of John D. Lannon. Dr. Janeway died at Summit, N. J., Feb. 10, 1911. Berlin Pub. Co.N.Y 
Photo by AI man HOWARD A. KELLY, A. B„ M. D., LL D; 
Professor at Johns Hopkins University 
Baltimore, Maryland 
WO factors go to determine a life s activities, viz., 
innate tendencies, and the new impulses given by 
Hi the child’s surroundings and opportunities. 
I was born with a love for natural history, which was fos- 
tered by a devoted mother who had similar tastes. It was 
fortunate for me as a boy that with such tastes and such en- 
couragement we lived in the country (“Old Chester,” Dela- 
ware Co., Pennsylvania) the first five years of my life, near 
my mother’s parents (the Rev. Anson B. Hard and Hester 
Yarnal, nee Warner) ; my father was engaged at this time in 
the Civil War as a lieutenant in the 1 18th Pennsylvania Vol- 
unteers. My earliest recollections are: (1 ) the splashing up 
of the big drops in a rainstorm, and (2) running away from 
home. 
sciences; an amateur’s interest in natural history has continued 
to be one of the great joys of my life, especially as I have 
grown older and learned to look more and more for the finger 
of God and a personal message in His book of Nature, as well 
as in His Word. lam glad that I did not follow pure science 
as a life work, as I lacked some of the most important qualifica- 
tions of a successful naturalist. 
My school life from 1868 to 1873 was spent under the 
Rev. John Paries, a Scotch schoolmaster, who ruled his 
younger classes with the rattan but without undue severity, 
while he made confidants and friends of his older boys from 
thirteen to fifteen years of age. The teaching of that day, 
almost universally, I believe, lacked that thoroughness which 
is occasionally but still rarely found to-day, and as a conse- 
quence my nine years spent in Latin and eight years in Greek, 
both at school and at the University of Pennsylvania, only 
gave me an indifferent working knowledge without a mastery 
of these languages. The University, with its excellent teachers, 
Jackson and Allen, in Latin and Greek respectively, was never 
able to make up to any of its students the deficiencies of the 
earlier years; for the primary schoolmaster is the great former 
of habits and character. 
My maternal grandfather, who died in 1880, made a 
profound and enduring impression on my youthful mind by his 
earnest, personal piety and his love for the Bible as the very 
word of God, the thought of which would often bring tears to 
his eyes as he talked about it. I count his piety my most 
precious inheritance, one which has done more to bring joy and 
peace into my own life and which has given it higher and 
nobler aims than all the scientific studies and successes—such as 
they are of my later years. I would also rather in turn be- 
queath this inheritance to my nine children than all the wealth 
and honors the world has to offer. • 
In 1873 when our class was about to leave school for the 
University, Dr. Paries gave a sealed note to Bunford Samuels, 
in which he announced he had predicted which one of the class 
would stand first in the University. A year later when I was 
the honor man in the freshman class, I was interested and more 
than surprised to hear that my name was written on the paper, 
but it was a blow to my pride when Samuels confided to me 
that Dr. Paries had not made the prophecy because of any un- 
usual intellectual traits discovered in me, but because I knew 
how to behave myself and to pay attention! 
My dawning interests were in coleoptera and lepidoptera, 
and I remember meeting the eminent Prof. J. L. Le Conte at 
Chester, when my mother expressed to him my fear lest he 
should discover and describe all the new species before I grew 
old enough to do any original work. In those days, the late 
sixties, “sp. Nov. mihi” meant everything to the naturalist, still 
in his swaddling clothes. 
A strong natural interest in reptiles was greatly stimulated 
at a later period by the friendship and encouragement of Prof. 
E. D. Cope, the palaeontologist, then living at Haddonfield, 
New Jersey, and after working in the old Academy of Natural 
Sciences on Broad Street, Philadelphia, when I was about 
nineteen years old. Prof. Cope offered to send me in charge 
of an exploring and collecting trip from the north coast of 
Venezuela, South America, through the wilderness to the Ori- 
noco River. My father, as I now see, wisely refused to allow 
me to accept this offer, so I began to study Medicine and 
Human Anatomy as the closest practical ally to the natural 
Four years were spent at the University taking the class- 
ical course in the “Department of Arts.” As I look back that 
which strikes me as the most remarkable feature of our college 
life was the unbounded enthusiasm we each felt for our class, 
and the abiding conviction we each had that our fellow class- 
men were as a body the most unusual men who had ever passed 
through a university. On Ivy Day, according to custom, we 
planted a vine and set a commemorative stone in the college 
wall; to-day I note the ivy is blighted and the cold marble with 
the date (’77), like a tombstone, is all that remains to mark 
the once bright boyish hopes. 
* Autobiography Anatomy and more congenial medical studies followed phia, with its 200,000 population, including Richmond and 
from the year 1877 to 1882; the year 1880 was an interim 
spent on the plains and in the mountains of Colorado, living 
with the cowboys and working as one about the O.Z. ranch in 
Elbert County, and in the mountains in Chalk Creek Canyon 
up at St. Elmo in Grizzly Gulch. I here had the good fortune 
to be closely associated with and under the tutelage of an erect, 
eagle-eyed, typical old time plainsman, Reuben Macray— 
“Uncle Mac.” We lived together a regular cowboy’s life, 
until after the lapse of a year an insomnia—the cause for leav- 
ing home—was better. That year’s time spent in the West 
seemed a great loss then, but I have ever since been thankful 
for friendships formed, for knowledge gained and the wider 
viewpoint in all life’s relations it subsequently gave me. 
Frankford. so I settled there and at once began to do a large 
general practice, including Surgery, Midwifery and Gynecol- 
ogy. Not having a public hospital appointment and a clinic, I 
started a small private hospital out of the modest income from 
my practice, at first hiring two rooms in a workman’s little two- 
story house on C Street. After about a year I took the whole 
of a three-story house on Cumberland Street, and at last moved 
into a large house on Diamond Street, Norris Square; in this 
way the Kensington Hospital for Women was started, an in- 
stitution which has since done such splendid work in a larger 
field in the hands of my able successor, Dr. Chas. P. Noble. 
But little Gynecological work had ever been done before those 
days in Kensington, so my early cases at once gave me reputa- 
tion and prominence, and speedily brought others. Especially 
do I recall my first dramatic ovariotomy, the well-known case 
of Mrs. Thompson who had painfully navigated the streets of 
Kensington for years, like a Dutch galleon tossing in troubled 
seas as she bore the weight of an enormous ovarian cyst weigh- 
ing upwards of one hundred and sixteen pounds; she still lives 
to celebrate her deliverance. 
It was there up among the rough miners that 1 met Doc. 
Simmons” hard at work on missions of mercy, especially busy 
among the accident cases at the new Alpine tunnel, laying the 
foundation of his splendid success in the American Medical 
Association. 
Medicine was in a transition stage in America in 1877-82 
and the instruction in the fundamentals, especially in Pathology, 
was none of the best. Joseph Leidy, D. Hayes Agnew, John 
H. Ashhurst and Theo. Wormley were our greatest teachers. 
That was a time in the history of Surgery when a private 
hospital with plenty of work; a little courtesy in inviting doc- 
tors to witness the operations; an enthusiasm for Gynecology, 
and a desire to report the cases in the medical press, were all the 
factors needed to establish a reputation. 
I owe much of whatever real inspiration has come to me 
in the field of medicine to the unusual opportunities to study 
disease afforded by my residence in the Episcopal Hospital of 
Philadelphia, where the dispensaries and the wards were replete 
with interesting material, as well as to the not infrequent autop- 
sies with such chiefs as Louis Starr, Fred. K. Henry, Morris 
Lewis and C. B. Nancrede, work most illuminating to a mind 
just expanding to grasp medical problems. I must not omit to 
mention here the name of another dear friend and teacher. Dr. 
A. K. Minich, a typical descendent of Pennsylvania Dutch 
stock, a man ten or fifteen years older than his juniors, who 
loved to stimulate and to help the younger men serving on his 
dispensary staff. 
Dr. Hunter Robb, fresh from the Episcopal Hospital, 
came to assist me about the year 1886, and in 1887 when I 
went to Europe to see the work of the best known clinics, he 
took charge of my practice. Dr. Joseph Hoffman, another able 
assistant, came next. 
My first visit to Europe was in the Summer of 1887. I 
went to Birmingham to Lawson Tait, and to the Brighton 
Meeting of the British Medical Association, then to Thos. 
Keith and Berry Flart in Edinburgh, after this I spent some 
weeks in Germany, making warm friends of Max Saenger, A. 
Martin, F. Schatz, H. Brennecke, Lomer, G. Leopold, and 
others. 
I often look back now with shame on many of the pranks 
we used to play in our college and hospital life, and in conse- 
quence take a more lenient view of similar escapades in the lives 
of the younger men of to-day. 
In 1888 while visiting the clinics in Berlin, especially 
Schroeder’s, I met my wife, daughter of Dr. Med. Justus 
Bredow, and the following year we were married in the 
Marienkirche in Danzig. In the twenty years of our married 
life we have had nine children, all living, arriving perchance 
in response to the appropriate Hochzeit’s Reise gift of a 
Storch-Salznapf, by Prof. Aug. Martin. 
Hospital life opened up the great field of medical diag- 
nosis, the study of fevers for we had as many as seventeen cases 
of typhoid fever at one time in our wards, such was the foul- 
ness of the water supplied then and still imbibed by the citi- 
zens of poor graft-ridden Philadelphia; Morris Lewis made 
nervous diseases interesting; Dr. B. Alex. Randall, that in- 
defatigable worker, taught me how to use the ophthalmoscope. 
Drs. Herman Duhring and Arthur Van Harlingen at the Uni- 
ersity Hospital Clinic took pains to teach me Dermatology, and 
my dear friend Douglas Hall tried to make an eye-specialist 
of me. 
It was in the year 1 888 that I went to learn to palpate 
ureters in M. Saenger’s Polyclinic. Prof. R. Virchow let me 
use his autopsy material in the Charite that I might leam to 
catheterize ureters by Pawlik’s method, by distending the blad- 
der with water and then sweeping the blunt tip of a metal 
ureteral catheter out laterally over the trigonum until it was 
felt to engage, when it could be pushed for a short distance on 
up the ureter. 
The sixteen months of active life at the hospital had 
opened up the large surrounding field of Kensington, Philadel- It was at this time that I went to Prague with Dr. Hun- 
ter Robb (now Professor of Gynecology in the Western Re- 
serve University at Cleveland), Constantine Goodell, son of 
the late distinguished Professor Wm. Goodell of the Univer- 
sity of Pennsylvania, and Dr. Wm, Lincoln. There we were 
kindly entertained for a day and we saw K. Pawlik catheterize 
a case by his method. We stayed with him the one morning 
and saw nothing more. 
And I am now working on my Surgery of the Kidney 
(H. A, Kelly and C. F. Burnam), and a Cyclopaedia Amer- 
ican Medical Biography, giving the lives of eminent deceased 
American physicians. 
CONTRIBUTIONS TO MEDICAL LITERATURE: 
On a method of post-mortem examination of the thoracic and 
abdominal viscera through vagina, perineum and rec- 
tum and without incision of the abdominal parites 
(Medical News, Philadelphia, June 1882); 
The next year (1889) as I journeyed south on the wed- 
ding journey, after stopping at Leipzig, as the guests of Max 
Saenger, and at Dresden where we were entertained by 
Geheimrath Leopold, we paused at Prague to see the city and 
hoping, too, to see Prof. Pawlik, but as he was absent from 
the city, we continued our journey to Vienna the following 
On the mapping out of visceral disease in an aniline color on 
the surface of the body (Medical News, Philadelphia, 
1883); 
morning. 
A case of Caesarean section (Med. News, 1888) ; 
I mention both of these visits thus particularly, because 
Pawlik has since erroneously claimed that he showed me the 
method of catheterization which I later described as my own, 
namely, that of examining the bladder distended with air in the 
knee-breast posture through an open cystoscope. 
Craniotomy for hydrocelphalus with the use of the obstetric 
pad (by Drs. H. A. Kelly and Hunter Robb. Univ. 
Med. Mag., 1888-1889); 
Palpation of the ureters in the female (Trans. Amer. Gyn. 
Soc., Phila., 1888) ; 
New method of performing hystero-myomectomy (Am. Jour. 
Obst., 1889); 
Visitors at Prof. Pawlik’s clinic many years later have 
still found him using his original water distension method. 
In the Fall of 1889 I came to Baltimore to take charge 
of the Gynecological Clinic at the Johns Hopkins Hospital, 
and to take the chair of Gynecology and Obstetrics in the 
Johns Hopkins University, co-operating with H. M. Hurd, 
Wm. H. Welch, Wm. Osier and W. S. Halsted in forming 
the new Medical School. To their warm friendship and the 
stimulating associations with my splendid residents in the Hos- 
pital, as well as to hard work and larger opportunities afforded 
m the new clinic, I owe what measure of success I have had in 
the past twenty years, years so full that they have seemed in 
passing but as one long day spent in the bright sunshine. 
Report of twenty-five abdominal sections performed for the 
most part in the Kensington Hospital for Women, 
since the summer of 1888 (Univ. Med. Mag., Phila., 
1888-89); 
Glass catheters (Amer. Jour. Obst., 1889); 
Case of cholocystorrhaphy followed by cholocystotomy and 
evacuation of one hundred and eighty-eight gall stones, 
and recovery (Am. Jour. Obst., 1889); 
On Hysterorrhaphy (Johns Hopkins Hosp. Bulletin, 1889- 
90); 
A consideration of three successful Caesarean sections in 
Phila. (Amer. Jour. Obst., 1890) ; 
My output since I have been working in the Medical 
School has been a few books, but best of all the corps of splen- 
did residents and associates of whom I have reason to be justly 
Tubo and ovarian disease in children (Keating’s Cyclopaedia 
of the Diseases of Children, 1890) ; 
Supra-vaginal hysterectomy (Medical News, 1890); 
proud. 
Ligation of varicose ovarian veins (J. H. H. 8., 1889-90) ; 
The books are: 
A successful Caesarean section for a large bony tumor chok- 
ing the pelvis (Med. and Surg. Reporter, 1890) ; 
Operative Gynecology. (2 vols. 1898. pp. 363 and pp. 
557. Appleton.) 
The Vermiform Appendix and Its Diseases. (H. A. Kelly 
and Elizabeth Hurdon, 1905. Saunders, pp. 827.) 
Cephalaematoma verum externum (Tr. Am. Gyn. Soc., 
1890); 
Hysteromyomectomy (Johns Hopkins Hosp. Bulletin, 1889- 
90); 
Walter Reed and Yellow Fever. ( 1 906. McClure Phillips. 
pp. 310.) 
Cancer of the cervix uteri in the negress (Tr. Southern Surg. 
and Gyn. Assoc. Phila., Nov. 1890) ; 
Gynecology and Abdominal Surgery (H. A. Kelly and 
Charles P. Noble. Saunders. 1907-1908. 2 vols.. 
Antisepsis and asepsis before and after gynecological opera- 
tions (Am. Jour. Med. Soc., 1891); 
pp. 851 and pp. 862.) 
Medical Gynecology, (in collaboration with others, Appleton, 
1908. pp. 662.) 
A death caused by a uterine dilator (Am. Jour. Obst., Jan., 
1891); 
Myomata of Uterus. (H. A. Kelly and Thomas S. Cullen. 
Saunders. 1909. pp. 732.) 
A case of tubercular peritonitis treated with Koch’s lymph 
(Johns Hopkins Hosp. Bulletin, Jan., 1891); 
The palpation of normal ovaries (Am. Jour. Obst., 1891); 
The Johns Hopkins Hospital Reports. (2 vols.) 
The Stereo Clinic. (Southworth, 1909, of which 10 vols. 
are already issued.) 
The treatment of large myomatous tumors of the uterus (Johns 
Hopkins Hosp. Bulletin, 1891); A case of conservative Caesarean section (Johns Hopkins 
Hosp, Bulletin, 1891); 
Diagnosis of ureteral and renal diseases in women (Jour. 
Amer. Med. Assoc., Aug. 7, 1895); 
The steps of the Caesarean section (Amer. Jour. Obst., 
1891); 
The renal catheter and its uses in the diagnosis and treatment 
of the kidney (Tr. Amer. Gyn. Soc., 1895): 
Diagnosis of renal calculus in women (Medical News, 1895) ; 
My fourth Caesarean section (New York Med. Jour., 1891 ) ; 
Hand disinfection (Am. Jour. Obst, 1891); 
Some recent important advances in the diagnosis and treat- 
ment of urinary diseases in women (Pittsburg Med. 
Review, 1 896) ; 
A letter to my assistant on the methods of securing asepsis in 
the preparation of instruments, ligatures and dressings 
in my private office (Am. Jour. Obst, 1892); 
Conservatism in Ovariotomy (Jour. Am. Med. Assoc., 
1896); 
The ureteral catheter (Am. Jour, Obst, 1892) 
Diseases of the broad ligaments, tubes and ovaries (Hare’s 
System of Practical Therapeutics, Vol. 111, 1892); 
My work in the diseases of the urinary tract in women (Am. 
Jour. Obst, Mch., 1896); 
Confinement on the obstetric pad (N. Y. Med. Record, 
1892); 
Hystero-myomectomy and hystero - salpingo - oophorectomy 
(Johns Hopkins Hosp. Bulletin, 1896); 
The morphology of ovarian tumors (N. Y. Jour, of Gyn. 
and Obst, 1893); 
The treatment of large vesico-vaginal fistulae (Johns Hopkins 
Hosp. Bulletin, 1896) ; 
Glass trocars for tapping large ovarian cysts (Am. Jour. 
Obst, 1893); 
Nephro-ureterectomy (J. H. H. 8., 1896); 
The treatment of pyo-ureteritis and pyo-nephrosis by ureteral 
and renal catheters (J. H. H. 8., 1896); 
My recent ureteral work. Catheterization of the ureters (An- 
nals of Gyn. and Ped., 1892-93); 
Uretero-uretoral anastomosis. Uretero-ureterostomy (Johns 
Hopkins Hospital Bulletin, Oct, 1893); 
Use of the renal catheter in the diagnosis of stone in the 
kidney (Maryland Med. Jour., May 22, 1896); 
Examination of the female bladder, etc. (J. H. H. Bulletin, 
Nov., 1893); 
Meine Arbeit über die Krankheiten der weiblichen Harnwege 
(Antwort auf Mitteilungen des Herrn Prof. W 
Rubeska. Centralb. f. Gyn., 1896); 
Extra-uterine pregnancy treated by vaginal incision (J. H. H. 
Bulletin, 1893); 
Pawlik vs. Kelly: A question of priority (Amer. Jour. Obst, 
1896. By Pawlik); 
The direct examination of the female bladder with elevated 
pelvis in the catheterization of the ureters under direct 
inspection, with and without elevation of the pelvis 
(Am. Jour. Obst., 1894) ; 
A reply to Prof. Pawlik’s claim to the discovery of my 
method of examining the bladder and catheterizing the 
ureters in women (Am. Jour. Obst., 1896) ; 
An improved lock for paired instruments (Annals of Surg., 
1894); 
Entgegnung von Prof. Dr. Pawlik (Centralbl. f. Gyn., 
1896); 
Ureterotomy (Johns Hopkins Hospital Bulk, 1894); 
Articles in Amer. Textbook of Gynecology, 1894) : 
My work on the diseases of the urinary tract in women (Amer. 
Jour. Obst., 1896); 
Vaginal puncture and drainage for extra-uterine pregnancy 
ruptured in the early months (Trans. Am. Gyn. Soc., 
1896); 
Gynecological technique, 
Injuries to vaginal outlet, 
Diseases of urethra, bladder and ureters. 
Fistulae; 
Five cases of ovariotomy in women over seventy years of age 
(Amer. Jour. Obst., 1896); 
Ligation of both internal iliac arteries for hemorrhage in 
hysterectomy for carcinoma uteri (Johns Hopkins 
Hosp. Bulletin, April, 1894) ; 
De I’usage du catheter renal dans le diagnostic et le trait- 
ment des maladies des reins et des ureters (H. A. 
Kelly and O. Ramsay. Revue de Gynecologic et de 
chirurgie abdominal, 1897); 
The advantages of atmospheric distention of the rectum, with 
dislodgment of the small intestines, in the bimanual 
examination of uterus, ovaries and tubes (Am. Jour. 
Obst., 1894); 
The conservative treatment of myomatous uteri (Jour. Am. 
Med. Assoc., 1897); 
The cystoscope (Am. Jour. Obst., July, 1894); 
Electric illumination of the field in abdominal surgery (Am. 
Jour. Obst., 1894); 
Excision of a parovarian cyst without removal of its ovary or 
tube (Johns Hopkins Hospital Bull., 1897); 
A preliminary report upon the examination of the bladder and 
catheterization of the ureters in men (Annals of Sur- 
gery, 1898); 
Diseases of the female bladder and urethra (Twentieth Cem 
tury Practice of Medicine, Jan., 1895); 
Gonorrhoeal pyelitis and pyoureter cured by irrigation (Johns 
Hopkins Hosp. Bulletin, 1895); 
The catheterization of the ureters in the male through an open 
cystoscope with the bladder distended with air by 
posture (Johns Hopkins Hosp. Bulletin, 1898); 
Sigmoido-proctomy (Johns Hopkins Hosp. Bulletin, 1895); 
A new method of examination and treatment of diseases in the 
rectum and treatment of diseases of the rectum and 
sigmoid flexure (Annals of Surg., Apr., 1895); 
Cystoscopy and catheterization of the ureters in the male (An- 
nals of Surgery, 1898) ; Conservatism of the ovary in hysterectomy and hystero-myom- 
ectomy (Brit. Med Jour., 1898); 
A rapid and simple operation for gall-stones found by ex- 
ploring the abdomen in the course of a lower ab- 
dominal operation (Medical News, 1900); 
The hand basins in use in surgical operating rooms (Am. Jour. 
Obst., 1898); 
The removal of pelvic inflammatory masses by the abdomen 
after bisection of the uterus (Johns Hopkins Hosp. 
Bull., 1901); 
Pneumaturia (By H. A. Kelly and W. G. MacCallum. 
Jour. Am. Med. Assoc., Aug., 1898); 
Abdominal myomectomy (Tr. Am. Gyn. Soc., Phila., 
1898); 
Jules Lemaire (Jour. Am. Med. Assoc., 1901); 
How to deal with the vermiform appendix (American Medi- 
cine, Apr., 1901) ; 
The dissection and liberation of the sphincter ani muscle fol- 
lowed by its direct suture passing between the outer 
and inner margins of the muscle (Johns Hopkins Hosp. 
Bull., 1899); 
Some further notes on the extension of the principles of bisec- 
tion in abdominal surgery (St. Paul Medical Journal, 
June, 1901); 
Diseases of the ovaries and Fallopian tubes (In children) 
(Cyclopedia of the Diseases of Children, Vol. V, 
Supplement Ed. by Wm. A. Edwards, M. D., 
1899); 
A new and better method of opening and of draining the 
bladder in women (Amer. Jour. Obst., 1901); 
A historical note upon diptera as carriers of diseases. Pare- 
Declat (John Hopkins Hosp. Bull., Aug., 1901); 
The operation for complete tear of the perineum (Am. Jour. 
Obst., 1899); 
Scratch-marks on the wax-tipped catheter as a means of de- 
termining the presence of stone in the kidney and in 
the ureter (Amer. Jour. Obst., Oct., 1901); 
Some new instruments to facilitate the operation of myomec- 
tomy (Am. Jour. Obst., 1899); 
Kircher et Lemaire (1658-1900) Revue de gynecologie et 
de chirurgie abdominale, 1901); 
The use of the renal catheter in determining the seat of ob- 
scure pain in the side (Am. Jour. Obst., 1899) ; 
A new method of treating complete tear of the rectovaginal 
septum by turning down an apron into the rectum and 
by buried suture through the sphincter muscle (Medi- 
cal News, 1899); 
An address on methods of incising, searching and suturing the 
kidney (Brit. Med. Jour., 1902); 
The treatment of vesico-vaginal and recto-vaginal flstulae high 
up in the vagina (Johns Hopkins Hosp. Bulk, 1902) ; 
The exploration of the abdomen as an adjunct to every celio- 
tomy (Medical News, 1899); 
Further notes on the uses of the wax-tipped catheter in the 
diagnosis of stone in the ureter (Amer. Jour. Obst., 
1902); 
A curette for cervical cancer (Am. Jour. Obst., 1899) ; 
The advantages of the knee-chest posture in some operations 
upon the vesical end of the ureters (Jour. Am. Med. 
Assoc., 1902); 
The recognition of the poisonous serpents of North America 
(Johns Hopkins Hosp. Bull., 1899); 
A new operation for vesico-vaginal fistula (Johns Hopkins 
Hosp. Bull., 1899); 
Stricture of the ureter (Jour. Amer, Med. Assoc., 1902) ; 
Nephrectomy; Panhystero-myomectomy, with double salpingo- 
oophorectomy and appendicectomy; fixation of right 
kidney; suspension of uterus, with resection of a cor- 
pus luteum haematoma; salpingo-oophorectomy, fol- 
lowed by resection of the sigmoid for carcinoma (Re- 
port by Dr. Hunner. International Clinics, Vol. 11, 
1902); 
Primary cancer of appendix (J. H. H. 8., 1899); 
New use for renal catheters (J. H. H. 8., 1 899) ; 
Excessive growth of fat (J. H. H. Bull., 1899); 
The Recognition of the Poisonous Serpents of North Amer- 
ica (J. H. H. Bull., 1899); 
Ureteral calculus (Jour. Am. Med. Assoc., 1900) ; 
A preliminary report on the surgical treatment of complicated 
fibroid tumors of the womb, with a description of two 
methods of operating (J. H. H. Bull., 1900); 
Some notes upon the management of a private hospital (Inter- 
national Clinics, Vol. 11, 1902); 
The mimicry of pregnancy by fibroid and ovarian tumors 
(American Gynecology, 1902); 
Uncontaminated urine (Johns Hopkins Hospital Bull., 1900) ; 
An improved vesical speculum (Amer. Jour, of Obst., 1900) ; 
Removal of vesical papilloma through an incision in the sep- 
tum with the patient in the knee-chest posture (Amer. 
Jour, of Obst., 1903); 
The evolution of my technique in the treatment of fibroid 
uterine tumors (Amer. Jour. Obst., 1900): 
On the labia urethrae and Skene’s glands (Annals of Gyn. 
and Ped., 1903); 
Resection and anastomosis of the divided ureter (Jour. Am. 
Med. Assoc., 1900); 
A method of sequestrating the urinary bladder in extensive 
operations involving its peritoneal surfaces (Johns 
Hopkins Hosp. Bull., 1903), 
A note on the use of nitrous oxid and ether as an anesthetic 
(By Thos. R. Brown and H. A. Kelly. Phila. 
Med. Jour., 1900); 
Les debuts de I’histolre de I’appendicite en France (La Presse 
Medicale, 1903) ; 
The removal of pelvic inflammatory masses by the abdomen by 
bisection of the uterus (Amer. Jour. Obst., 1900) ; 
Instruments for use through cylindrical rectal specula, with 
the patient in the knee-chest posture (Annals of Sur- 
gery, 1903); The early history of appendicitis in Great Britain (Glasgow 
Medical Journal, 1903); 
The suprapubic route in operating for vesical fistulae (Trans. 
Amer. Gyn. Soc., 1906); 
The selection of methods in abdominal hysterectomy (Jour. 
Obst. and Gyn. of the British Empire, 1903); 
In memorial (Arthur Weir Johnstone, M.D., Treas. Amer. 
Gyn. Soc., 1906); 
Rubber cushions for general surgical, gynecological and ob- 
stetric use (Medical News, 1904); 
Some lessons from the life of Major Waiter Reed (Med. 
Library and Hist. Jour., 1906); 
The treatment of simple rectal fistula by excision and suture 
without cutting the external sphincter muscle (Medical 
News, 1904); 
The lesson of little things. The conquest of Yellow Fever 
(The Youth’s Companion, Jan., 1907); 
Surgical Treatment of Tuberculosis of the Kidney (Surgery, 
Gyn. and Obst., 1907); 
The piezometer, an instrument for measuring resistances (J. 
H. H. Bull., 1904); 
On a method of preserving outlines of visceral lesions on nain- 
sook or suisse material (Johns Hopkins Hosp. Bull., 
1907); 
My experience with the renal catheter as a means of detecting 
renal and ureteral calculi (The Amer. Jour, of 
Urology, 1904); 
Mensuration in urinary diseases (Trans. Amer. Gyn. Soc., 
1907); 
Ideal method of removing the vermiform appendix (Amer. 
Med., 1904); 
Manual vibratory palpation (Jour. Am. Med. Assoc., 1907) ; 
The treatment of cystitis (Canadian Jour, of Med. and Sur- 
gery, 1906); 
Major James Carroll (Bull, of the Johns Hopkins Hosp., 
1908); 
Starvation and locking the bowels for from ten days to two 
weeks (Surgery, Gyn. and Obst, 1906); 
The barred road to anatomy (Johns Hopkins Hosp. Bull., 
1908); 
Two cases of stricture of the ureters; two cases of hydro- 
nephrotic renal pelvis successfully treated by plication 
(Bull. Johns Hop. Hosp., 1906); 
Amputation of the uterus in the corpus to preserve the men- 
strual function (Amer. Jour, of Obst, 1909); 
Frere Jacques the Lithotomist (Aesculapian, July, 1909) ; 
Lipectomy (Jour. Surg. Gyn. and Obstet, Mar. 1910); 
Resections of the bladder in rebellious cystitis (N. Y. State 
Journal of Med., April, 1906); 
The Ebb and Flow of Hypnotism (Maryland Med. Jour. 
Mar., 1910); 
The use of a steel comb for dissection in the axilla (Annals 
of Surg., 1906); 
An operation for Umbilical Hernia (Amer. Jour, of Surg., 
May, 1910). Photo by Alman 
Berlin Pub. Co. N. Y. EDWARD LOUGHBOROUGH KEYES, Jr. 
Clinical Professor of Genito-Urinary Surgery 
at 
Polyclinic Medical School 
New York City 
DWARD LOUGHBOROUGH KEYES, Jr., M.D., was born in Elizabeth, New Jersey, May 15th, 1873. He 
is the son of Edward Lawrence Keyes, the well-known surgeon, and of Sarah Maria Loughborough. 
Dr. Keyes’ academic education was acquired both in America and abroad. After attending the elementary 
schools of New York City, he attended Stonyhurst College in England for two years, 1886 to 1888, and upon his 
return to the United States entered Georgetown University, Georgetown, D. C, from which in 1895 at graduation he received 
the degree of A.8., and m 1901 the degree of Ph.D. 
Dr. Keyes always stood among the first in his classes, graduating second in a class of sixteen at Georgetown, and fourth 
in a class of one hundred and fifty at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, which he had entered, inspired by the eminence 
and success of his father. 
At the completion of his course in Surgery, he was appointed as Interne in the New York Hospital, and served there 
for eighteen months under Drs. Stimson and Hartley. He then spent nine months in Europe, in travel and study, and since 
then he has practiced his specialty, at first under the tutelage of his father, and at present in association with his father and Dr. 
C, H. Chetwood. 
Dr. Keyes is the Clinical Professor of Genito-Urinary Surgery at the Polyclinic Medical School, Surgeon to St. Vincent’s 
Hospital Lecturer at the Cornell Medical School, and Consulting Surgeon at the Noble Hospital in Westfield, Massachusetts, 
the Hackensack Hospital in Hackensack, New Jersey, and at the Nyack Hospital in Nyack, New York. 
Dr Keyes has made varions contributions to Medical Journals, and is the author of “Genito-Urinary Diseases”, written in 
collaboration with his father, and published in 1903; “Syphilis,” published in 1908; and “Genito-Urinary Diseases,” published 
in 1910. All of these volumes have been published by D. Appleton and Company. 
Dr Keyes is a member of several of the leading professional associations: the American Association of Genito-Urinary 
Surgeons American Urological Association, International Urological Association, Societe Francaise de Dermatologic et Syph- 
ilogie 0f which he is a corresponding member, American Medical Association, and the New York Academy of Medicine. Berlin Pub. Co. N. Y. 
Photo by Aiman GEORGE MARTIN KOBER 
Professor of Hygiene, School of Medicine 
Georgetown University 
Washington, D.C. 
BEORGE MARTIN KOBER, M. D., LL. D., was born at Alsfeld, Hessen Darmstadt, Germany, March 28, 
1850, son of Jacob and Dorothea (Behr) Kober. 
He was educated in the public schools and Grand Ducal Realsdhule of his native town. In April, 1867, he 
emigrated to the United States; secured an assignment to the Hospital Corps at Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania: 
commenced his medical studies under Surgeon J. J. B. Wright of the United States Army, and in January, 1870, was appointed 
Hospital Steward and ordered to Frankford Arsenal in Philadelphia. There he continued his studies until October, 1871, when 
he was ordered to duty in the office of the Surgeon-General at Washington, D. C. He entered the Medical Department of George- 
town University, and was graduated in March, 1873. In the following winter he was the first graduate of a post-graduate 
course instituted by Drs. Thompson. Busey, Ashford and others in connection with the Columbia Hospital of Washington. 
In 1874 Dr. Kober assisted in the reorganization of the Central Dispensary and in providing a German-speaking staff for 
the benefit of his countrymen. In July, 1874, he was appointed Acting Assistant Surgeon of the United States Army; was 
Post Surgeon at Alcatraz Island, Cal., to November, 1874; Post Surgeon at Fort McDermit to July, 1877, and in the field in 
the Southeastern Nevada Expedition against the Indians in the fall of 1875. He was also in the Nez-Perces War, and in 
charge of the Field Hospital at Kamiah on the Clearwater, Idaho, from July to October, 1877; Post Surgeon at Camp near 
Spokane Falls and Fort Coeur d’Alene to November, 1879; Fort Klamath, Oregon, to June, 1880, and at Fort Bidwell, Cal., 
to November, 1886. While at Fort Bidwell he was engaged in an extensive practice among Civilians until June, 1887, when 
he went to Europe, returning to Fort Bidwell in 1888. In the same year Dr. Kober returned to Washington, and in 1889 was 
appointed Professor of State Medicine in the Georgetown Medical School. 
In 1890 he directed attention to the pollution of the Potomac water as a factor in the undue prevalence of typhoid fever 
in Washington, and in 1 895 at the request of the Health Officer he investigated the causes of typhoid fever in that city, and in 
his report pointed out the agency of flies in the transmission of the disease. His public addresses on the relation of water supply 
and sewers to the health of the city, as well as his researches into the relative merits of slow-sand and mechanical filtration, helped 
to secure the necessary sanitary legislation and requisite appropriation by Congress. 
Dr Kober was one of the principal promoters of the Washington Housing Companies, offering to capital a safe five per cent, 
investment and at the same time securing to wage-earners sanitary homes at reasonable rentals. In 1906 he was appointed by 
President Roosevelt a member of the Board of Charities, and in May, 1907, a member of the Presidents Homes Commission. 
As Chairman of the Committee on Social Betterment he prepared monographs on “Industrial Hygiene” and “Social Betterment” 
published in 1908 as Senate Document No. 644. In 1908 he was invited by President Roosevelt to present an address on 
“The Conservation of Life and Health by Improved Water Supply” at the first conference on the Conservation of Natural 
Resources held at the White House on May 1 3th. 
Dr Kober also designed the Tuberculosis Hospital in Washington, which was formally opened June 26, 1908. He received 
a gold medal at the Paris International Exposition of I 900 for his work on Improved Dwellings for the Working Classes, and 
was awarded a silver medal by the International Congress on Tuberculosis held in Washington in 1908, for his work in connec- 
tion with the Tuberculosis Hospital. He was Honorary Secretary of the Section on Medical Geography and Demography of 
the Tenth International Medical Congress held in Berlin in 1890; honorary member of the Association of Military Surgeons of 
the United States, (1897), President of the Association of American Medical Colleges, and Author of the Standard Medical 
Curriculum. 1905-06; Honorary Member of the Medical and Surgical Society of the District of Columbia, May, 1910, and 
President of Section IV., Industrial and Occupational Hygiene, of the Fifteenth International Congress on Hygiene and 
Demography to be held in "Washington in 1912. 
Dr. Kober is a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science; Secretary of the Association of 
American Physicians; Member of the American Medical Association, the American Public Health Association, the Association of American Medical Colleges, the National Association for the Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis, the National Housing 
Association, the Medical and Surgical Society of the District of Columbia, of which he was President in 1889, the Medical 
Association of the District of Columbia (President, 1898), the Medical Society of the District of Columbia (President, 1903), 
the Washington Anthropological Society (President, 1907), and the Washington Academy of Sciences. 
Dr. Kober is the author of ninety-one monographs, chapters in text-books, journal articles and reviews on medical, surgical, 
sanitary and sociological subjects, and of 109 published discussions. His first medical essay on “Infantile Paralysis” was 
published in the “Pacific Medical Journal” in November, 1874, in which he presented all the available evidence that the disease 
was due to some organic lesion of the medulla spinalis. In the same year he published his “Urinology and Its Practical Application,” 
and in 1875 “Notes on Chronic Dysentery treated with Injections of a Solution of Chlorate of Potash,” and “Adenitis treated 
with Injections of Carbolic Acid and Glycerine,” which appeared in the “American Medical Weekly.” In 1876 he reported in 
the “American Journal of Medical Sciences” a case of gunshot wound of the knee joint, in which he used, probably for the 
first time in surgery, a 75 per cent, solution of tincture of iodine. In his review of the Medical and Surgical History of the Civil 
War, published in Militararzt Supplement to Wiener’s Medical Wochenschft in 1878, he placed himself on the side of the 
innovators, and vigorously combatted the objections of Prof. Ashhurst, Hamilton and others to enterorrhaphy for shot injuries 
without visceral protrusion. In a paper published in the “Virginia Medical Monthly” in 1892 on the “Etiology and Prevention 
of Infectious Diseases,” he pointed out that insects, especially flies, are doubtless frequently the cause of spreading disease germs, 
and in his “Report on Typhoid Fever in the District of Columbia,” published in 1895, he stated that “the agency of flies and 
other insects in carrying the germs from box privies and other receptacles for typhoid stools to the food supply cannot be ignored,” 
and in support of his views gave the detailed results of careful study of a number of house infections. To Dr. Kober has been 
given the credit of having been the first to point out in American literature the agency of flies in the transmission of infectious 
diseases. His tabulation of 330 milk-borne epidemics and his monographs on “Milk in Relation to Public Health” and “Industrial 
Hygiene” are regarded as pioneer contributions to American medical literature. Berlin Pub. Co. N.Y. 
Photo by Harris and Ewing ERNEST LAPLACE 
Professor of Surgery 
Medico-Chirurgical College 
Philadelphia, Pa 
r’pflSjp RNESI LAPLACE, M.D., M.A., LL.D., was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, July 9th, 1861, the son of 
s Marie Eugenie Sauvage and Basil Laplace, a chemist and sugar planter, living in New Orleans. 
| isffiS As was especially attracted to the study of medicine, after completing his classical education at the George- 
town University, Washington, D. C., with the baccalaureate degree in June, 1880 (subsequently receiving 
the honorary degrees of Master of Arts and Doctor of Laws in 1888 and 1893 respectively). Dr. Laplace under- 
took a four years’ course in medicine at the University of Louisiana (Tulane), during two years of which he was an Interne of 
the Charity Hospital. He was Valedictorian of the Class of 1884, with which he was graduated in medicine. He then went 
to France and matriculated at the University of Paris, where he was a pupil of Pasteur in Bacteriology, Cornil in Pathology 
and Trelat in Surgery. He obtained the degree of Doctor of Medicine from the Faculty of Medicine on July 26th, 1886. The 
following two years were spent in Vienna as a pupil of Billroth, and in Berlin, where he came under the instruction of Virchow 
and Koch. When working in the private laboratory of Robert Koch he made original researches on antiseptics and published a 
paper on “Acid Sublimate Solutions and Their Use in Surgery”; also on the “Antiseptic Value of Sulpho-Carbolic Acid.” 
He was an assistant at Von Bergman s Clinic in Berlin, and attended the service of Lister and Savory in London. 
While abroad, Dr. Laplace was appointed by the City Council of Paris, a member of the medical committee to visit and 
report on the floating hospitals on the Thames for Smallpox. On returning to New Orleans in July, 1888, he was appointed 
Surgeon to the Charity Hospital; also Professor of Physiology in the Tulane University High School and Demonstrator of 
Pathology and Bacteriology in the Tulane University Medical School, where he introduced the first series of lectures and demon- 
strations in Bacteriology in New Orleans. In September, 1889, he accepted a call to Philadelphia as Professor of Pathology 
in the Medico-Chirurgical College. He became Dean of the Medico-Chirurgical College and held the position from 1892 
until i 896. During 1892 he was commissioned by the Governor of Pennsylvania on a scientific mission to Berlin to study 
and report on Koch’s Tuberculin. In 1890 he was appointed Surgeon to the Philadelphia Hospital, and has held this position 
continuously ever since. In 1893 he became Professor of Surgery and Clinical Surgery in the Medico-Chirurgical College. 
From 1894 to 1896 he was Medical Director of St. Joseph’s Hospital; from 1893 to 1907 Surgeon to St. Agnes’ Hospital and 
from 1 896 to 1 900 Sursreon to the Samaritan Hospital. He is at present Senior Surgeon to the Medico-Chirurgical Hospital and 
Chief Surgeon to the American Hospital for Diseases of the Stomach, in Philadelphia. 
In recognition of Dr. Laplace’s valuable contributions to medical science he was decorated with the Cross of “Chevalier 
de la Legion d’Honneur,” France, 1907, and with the Palmes Academiques of France in 1901. 
Dr Laplace is Vice President of the “Alliance Francaise” of Philadelphia, and member of the Societe Anatomique, 
Paris American Medical Association, Philadelphia Pathological Society, Philadelphia County and Pennsylvania State Medical 
Societies Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia; American Academy of Medicine, and of the Association of Military 
Surgeons of the United States. 
In 1889 Dr Laplace was authorized by Pasteur to start a Pasteur Institute in the United States for the treatment of 
Hydrophobia. He now devotes his time to the professorship of Surgery in the Medico-Chirurgical College and to original re- 
searches in Surgical Pathology. 
He has published numerous papers on surgical subjects in various journals and is the inventor of the first intestinal forceps 
as mechanical aid to Intestinal Anastomosis. „ 
Dr Laplace is First Lieutenant of the United States Medical Reserve Corps. During eight years he represented the 
Governor of Pennsylvania on the State Quarantine Board. In 1894 he was orator in surgery of the American Medical As- 
sociation. Berl i n Pub. Co. N.Y. 
Photo by Haeseler SAMUEL JAMES MELTZER 
Head of Department of Physiology and Pharmacology 
Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research 
New York City 
AMUEL JAMES MELTZER, M.D., was born in Russia on March 2nd, 1851. He received his earlier education 
jn }jis native town, and after having completed his general studies in Koenigsberg, Prussia, he entered the Univer- 
I sity of Berlin, Germany, where he devoted himself for seven years to the study of philosophy and medicine. In 1882 
he was graduated with the degree of Doctor of Medicine, and in the following year immigrated to the United States, 
where he entered upon the private practice of medicine. 
Since engaging in professional work, Dr. Meltzer has acquired a distinguished and prominent place in that field of 
medical science to which he has always been strongly attached, that of Physiological Research work. He is at present Head 
of the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research. Several years ago the 
University of Maryland conferred the honorary degree of LL.D. upon him, and at the World’s Congress in St. Louis in 1904 he 
was Chairman of the Section of Physiology. 
Dr. Meltzer is a member of the American Medical Association; American Association for the Advancement of Science; 
New York Academy of Medicine; and the New York Academy of Science; Association of American Physicians, and the 
American Physiological, Pharmacological, Pathological, and Bacteriological Societies. He was President of the Society for 
Experimental Biology and Medicine; the American Gastro-Enterological Association, and the American Association for the 
Advancement of Clinical Research. 
He is the author of numerous monographs and articles in all nearly two hundred, on biological, physiological, and medical 
subjects, as well as of many lectures and addresses. Berlin Pub. Co. N.Y. 
Photo by RochLitz ALFRED MEYER 
Physician 
New York City 
gsraiLFRED MEYER. 8.A., M.D., the son of Isaac Meyer, a merchant, and Mathilde Meyer, was born in New York 
City, June 18th, 1854. 
He was educated in the schools of New York City and in the academic and medical departments of Columbia 
University. After graduation from the latter and the College of Physicians and Surgeons, he served for nineteen 
months on the House Staff of Mount Sinai Hospital, and then visited the hospitals of London, Paris, Frankfort, and Rome, be- 
sides studying for two semestres each at the Universities of Leipzig and Vienna. 
In the spring of 1881 he began the practice of general medicine in New York City and in 1882 was appointed Attending 
Physician to Mount Sinai Hospital, and in 1899 Consulting Physician to the Bedford Sanitarium of the Montefiore Home. He 
became in 1908 Consulting Physician of the Sprain Ridge Hospital for Consumptives at Yonkers. 
Dr. Meyer is mainly interested in diseases of the chest and propaganda for the care of consumptive poor, and in 1897 ad- 
vocated a state sanatorium for tuberculosis. In 1899 he showed the pressing need of a municipal sanatorium for New York City 
outside the corporate limits, and in 1908 advocated and was alone instrumental in bringing the International Tuberculosis Exhibit 
from Washington to New York. In 1906 he became a member of the Committee for the International Congress on Tubercu- 
losis which met in Washington, 1908, and visited Europe in 1906 in the interest of this Congress, and addressed the Hague Con- 
ference in regard to the Washington meeting. He is one of the founders of the National Association for the Study and Preven- 
tion of Tuberculosis. 
Dr. Meyer is former Vice-President of the Alumni Association of the College of Physicians and Surgeons, and member 
of the New York County Medical Society, New York Academy of Medicine, German Medical Society, Eastern Medical So- 
ciety, Harvey Medical Society, Societe International de la Tuberculose. 
In 1887 Dr. Meyer married Miss Annie Florance Nathan, and they have one daughter, born October, 1894 CHARLES KARSNER MILLS 
Neurologist 
Philadelphia, Pa 
jpjp3Bss HARLES KARSNER MILLS was born at the Falls of Schuylkill, a suburb of Philadelphia, December 4th, 1843, 
I He 15 SOn James Lavinia Anne (Fitzgerald) Mills. 
He was graduated from the Central High School of Philadelphia in 1864, receiving the degree of A.8., and 
from the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania in 1869, receiving the degree of Ph.D. from the 
same institution in 1871. 
He was married to Clara Elizabeth Peale, of Philadelphia, November 6th, 1873, 
Mills. 
Dr. Mills located in Philadelphia as a general practitioner of medicine soon after his graduation, and about 1874 began 
his special studies in Neurology and Psychiatry. In 1874 he became Chief of the Clinic for Nervous Diseases in the Hospital 
of the University of Pennsylvania, and in 1877 he received his first appointment as a teacher in the medical department of the 
University, that of Lecturer on electro-therapeutics. 
He has held various positions, chiefly neurological, in the medical schools of Philadelphia, among these being Professor of 
Diseases of the Mind and Nervous System in the Philadelphia Polyclinic (of which he was one of the founders), 1883-98; 
Clinical Professor of Nervous Diseases in the Womans Medical College of Pennsylvania, 1891-1902; and in the University 
of Pennsylvania, Professor of Mental Diseases and Medical Jurisprudence, 1893-1901, Clinical Professor of Nervous Diseases, 
1901-1903, and Professor of Neurology since 1903. 
Besides giving close attention to the clinical aspects of Neurology, he has pursued many investigations into the anatomy, mor- 
phology and pathology of the brain and nervous system. 
He has held many appointments in the hospitals of Philadelphia, including St. Mary’s, the Episcopal and the Philadelphia 
General Hospital. 
Besides being Professor of Neurology in the University of Pennsylvania, he is at present one of the neurologists to the 
Philadelphia General Hospital, the nervous wards of this institution having been founded by him in 1877. He is one of the 
consultants to the Orthopedic Hospital and Infirmary for Nervous Diseases of Philadelphia, to St. Joseph’s Hospital, to the 
State Hospital for the Chronic Insane at Wernersville, Pa., and to the other hospitals in Philadelphia and its vicinity. 
Dr. Mills was one of the founders of the Philadelphia Neurological Society, of which he afterward became the President. 
He is also an ex-President of the American Neurological Association, of the Medical Jurisprudence Society of Philadelphia, 
of the Northern Medical Association of Philadelphia, and of the Philadelphia County Medical Society. 
He is a fellow of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia, a member of the American Medical Association, the Ameri- 
can Medico-psychological Association, the Pennsylvania Historical Society, and the Academy of Natural Sciences of Phila- 
delphia. 
Dr Mills is a corresponding member of the Gesellschaft Deutscher Nervenaerzte. He is an honorary member of the 
New York Neurological Society and of the Pittsburg Academy of Medicine. He is the author of numerous articles and mono- 
graphs, chiefly neurological. He has written a history of the Philadelphia Hospital, a history of neurology, and of medical 
jurisprudence in Philadelphia, and other special historical articles. He is the author of a text-book on the nursing and care of 
the nervous and insane, and of a treatise on the Diseases of the Brain and Cranial Nerves. 
He has an extensive practice in nervous and mental diseases, and has frequently appeared in court in important medico- 
legal cases. Berlin Pub. Co. N.Y 
Photo by Marceau SILAS WEIR MITCHELL 
Neurologist and Author 
Philadelphia, Pa. 
I LAS WEIR MITCHELL, M. D., LL.D., was born in Philadelphia, Pa., Feb. 15, 1829, son of Dr. John Kears- 
ley Mitchell, and grandson of Alexander Mitchell, also a physician, who emigrated to the United States in 1 786. 
a^er (1798-1858) was a practicing physician in Philadelphia, lecturer on the Institutes of Medicine and 
Physiology at the Philadelphia Medical Institute, and later professor of chemistry there. He was also professor of 
the practice of medicine at the Jefferson Medical College, and contributed a number of valuable papers to medical journals of the 
day. 
S. Weir Mitchell acquired a classical education at the University of Pennsylvania, and studied medicine at the Jefferson 
Medical College. He began the practice of medicine in 1850 upon receiving his medical degree. 
According to The National Cyclopedia of American Biography, he had charge of the first hospital established for the 
special treatment of cases of nervous injury caused by wounds, during the civil war. At this period he collaborated with Drs. 
George R. Morehouse and W. W. Keen, Jr., in writing Circular No. 6 of the Surgeon-General’s Office, entitled “Reflex Paraly- 
sis” and “Gunshot Wounds and Other Injuries of Nerves.” 
While conducting a general practice in Philadelphia, Dr, Mitchell has made a special study of toxicology, in which de- 
partment he is recognized as a high authority, and he is equally well known in connection with his suggestion of that combination 
of measures which has come to be known as the “rest-cure.” 
His contributions to medical literature are more than 100 in number, the most important papers being; “Researches Upon 
the Venom of the Rattlesnake” (1860) ; “Wear and Tear; or Hints for the Overworked” (1871) ; “Injuries of the Nerves and 
Their Consequences” (1872); Diseases of the Nervous System, Especially of Women” (1881); * Fat and Blood (1877); 
Nurse and Patient” (1877); Doctor and Patient (1887). 
Although occupying an eminent position in the medical world, Dr. Mitchell is no less renowned for his literary attainments. 
He began writing fiction during the civil war, his first book being entitled “The Children’s Hour”. He early became a contri- 
butor to the “Atlantic Monthly , but he did not pursue his literary inclinations but followed the advice of Oliver Wendell Holmes 
to wait until he had secured his position in the medical profession. His next book, therefore, did not appear until 1880, when 
he was fifty-one years of age. He then published ‘Hephzibah Guinness”, “Thee and You” and “A Draft on the Bank of Spain”. 
These were followed by ‘ The Hill of Stones and other Poems” (1882) ; “In War Time” (1885) ; “Roland Blake” (1886) ; 
“A Masque and Other Poems” (1887); “Prince Littleboy and Other Tales Out of Fairyland” (1 888) ; “Far in the Forest” 
(1839); “The Cup of Youth” (1889); “The Psalm of Death” (1891); “Characteristics” (1891); “Friends in Council” 
(1892); “Francis Drake” (1893); “The Mother” (1893); “When All the Woods Are Green” (1894); “Philip Ver- 
non” ( 1 895) ; “Mr. Kris Kringle” ( 1 896) ; “Maderia Party” (1897); “Hugh Wynne, Free Quaker” (1898); “The Ad- 
ventures of Francois” (1899); “Dr. North and His Friends” (1900); “Autobiography of a Quack” (1900); “The Wager” 
(1900); “Circumstances” (1901); “Pearl” (1901); “Comedy of Conscience” (1902); “Little Stories” (1903); “Youth of 
Washington,” (1904); “Constance Trescot” (1905); “A Diplomatic Adventure” (1905); “The Mind Reader” (1907); 
“A Christmas Venture” (1907) ; “The Red City” (1907) ; “The Comfort of the Hills” (1909). 
Flis poems display a high order of literary merit. His drama in verse, “The Masque”, was presented on the stage by 
Wilson Barrett; while readings from “Francis Drake” were given in public by Dr. Mitchell himself, the proceeds going to 
buy and preserve the site of Raleigh’s early colony on Roanoke Island. 
He is a member of the National Academy of Sciences; British Medical Association; American Neurological Association 
(president 1908-9) ; American Philosophical Society; London Medical Society; New York Academy of Medicine; Maine 
Academy of Sciences of Sweden; fellow of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia; American Academy of Arts and Sciences; 
Royal Society, Great Britain; Royal Medical Society; Royal Society of Literature; foreign corresponding associate of the French 
Academy of Medicine, corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of Bologna, Gesellschaft Deutscher Nervenarzte; foreign 
associate of the Royal Medical Society of Norway. 
Dr. Mitchell was twice married: first, in 1858, to Mary Middleton Mease, who bore him two sons, John Kearsley and 
Langdon Elwyn Mitchell. The former is following his father’s footsteps as specialist in nervous diseases, and the latter is a play- 
wright. Dr, Mitchell was married again in 1875 to Mary Cadwalder, by whom he had one daughter. JAMES DUDLEY MORGAN 
Physician 
Washington, D. C, 
S AMES DUDLEY MORGAN, M. D., was born in Washington, D. C., July 5, 1862, son of Dr. James Ethelbert 
| and Norah (Digges) Morgan. 
111 His Hther served the public as surgeon in the Union Army; as a member of the Common Council and also 
of the Board of Health. His marked characteristics were his devotion to his profession and his keen enjoyment 
of the classics and Colonial history. He was descended from Sir Thomas Morgan, Knight of Pencoed, Wales, who married 
Joan, daughter of John Gwellen Herbert of the Vane, Glamorgan, through Sir William Morgan (1553) of Llantarnam Abbey, 
Pontypool, Wales! The earliest American ancestor was Henry Morgan of Kent Island, Md., High Sheriff and “Judge at 
Court in 1650.” In the next century Benjamin Morgan of St. Mary’s County, Md., was commissioned First Lieutenant of 
Battalion, May 26, 1777. 
Dr. James Dudley Morgan’s mother was descended from Sir Dudley Digges of Chilham Castle, England, Ambassador to 
Russia, M. P. and Master of the Rolls to Charles 1., through Edward Digges, Governor of Virginia, 1 656-1 665, and Charles 
Digges, Esq., who lived at Warburton (1717), now Fort Washington on the Potomac, and William Dudley Digges of Chilham 
Castle Manor, Md. 
Dr. Morgan was educated at Gonzaga College, 1872-73, and Georgetown University, 1874-81, taking the degree of A. 
B. in the latter year. He then studied law for one year in the Columbian Law School and in the office of A. G. Riddle, before 
deciding to devote himself to the practice of medicine. He studied at the Bellevue Medical College in 1 883, and two years later 
received his M. D. degree from the Georgetown Medical College. He took a post-graduate course at Beaujon Hospital and 
Ampitheatre d’Anatomie, Paris, France, during 1885-86, and a clinical course under Prof. William Osier, 1 902-03. 
Dr, Morgan served as interne in the Children’s Hospital of Washington in 1885; Demonstrator of Anatomy in the George- 
town Medical College, 1888-89; Assistant in Internal Medicine, 1896-98; Lecturer on Differential Diagnosis, 1897-98, and 
Professor of Clinical Medicine since 1899. He has been physician to the Garfield Hospital since 1899; to the Georgetown 
Hospital since 1904, and Chief of the Medical Service of the Emergency Hospital and a member of the Board of Managers 
since 1904. He has made a specialty of internal medicine. 
In 1893, Dr. Morgan was one of a committee to give information as to the proper feeding, clothing and care of infants 
during the summer. In 1894, he was one of a committee selected from the Medical Society of the District of Columbia to 
ascertain the causes of an outbreak of smallpox in Washington, and to impress upon the community the importance of vaccina- 
tion as a prophylactic. 
In 1886 Dr. Morgan was a member of the Committee on Public Health of the Medical Society of the District of 
Columbia, and was president of the society in 1906. He is now president of the Medical Society of Georgetown University 
(1911), and the Medical Club (in 1910), the Montgomery County (Md.) Medical Society (1911), and of the Columbia 
Historical Society since 1909. He is vice-president of the Washington Academy of Sciences; fellow of the American Asso- 
ciation for the Advancement of Science, and a member of the American Medical Association, American Anatomists Association, 
American Climatological Association, Medical and Surgical Society of the District of Columbia, and the Metropolitan, Cosmos 
and Chevy Chase Clubs. In I 893 he was Chairman of the Registration Committee of the Pan-American Medical Congress, and 
is now (1911) Secretary of the Staff of the Garfield Memorial Hospital. 
Dr. Morgan was the first to successfully use in Washington, D. C, Flexner’s Serum in Epidemic Cerebrospinal Meningitis, 
and made a report of ten cases in November, 1907, which was printed in “The Archives of Internal Medicine,” October, 1908. 
He is the author of numerous scientific and historical papers, among which may be mentioned the following: “Acute 
Uvulitis with Case”; “Clinical Aspect of Rheumatic Endocarditis”; “Angina Pectoris”; “Consideration of Aortic Aneurysm”; 
“Symmetrical Gangrene (Raynand’s) versus Endarteritis Obliterans”; “Menstrual Arthritis”; “Acute Anterior Poliomyeli- 
tis”; “Psychoses of Childbearing”; “The Combat of Scientific Medicine with Superstition”; “Major Pierre Charles L’Enfant, the Unhonored and Unrewarded Engineer”; “Robert Brent, First Mayor of Washington City”; “Historic Fort Washington 
on the Potomac,” and “Laennec, the Great Internist.” 
Dr. Morgan was married December 2, 1892, to Mary, daughter of Edwin F. Abell, and granddaughter of A. S. Abell 
of Baltimore, Md. Berlin Pub.'Co. N.V. 
Photo by Hams&EwiNcj WILLIAM GERRY MORGAN 
Professor of Gastro-Enterology 
Georgetown, University 
Washington, D. C. 
■ GERRY MORGAN, M. D., was born at Newport, New Hampshire, May 2, 1868, son of Gerry and 
Ini ml Mary (Strong) Morgan. 
He WaS ec^ *n pu^^c schools of his native city, in the Fryeburg Academy and at Dartmouth Col- 
lege, where he was graduated in 1890. He also was graduated from the Medical Department of the University 
of Pennsylvania in 1903. 
In 1900 Dr. Morgan was made Professor of Gastro-enterology in Georgetown University, Washington, D, C., which 
position he still holds. 
Dr. Morgan is a member of the American Medical Association, the District Medical Society, the American Gastro- 
Enterological Association, the Clinico-Pathological Society and the Washington Academy of Sciences. He is also a member of 
the Psi Upsilon Society, the Metropolitan Club, the Cosmos Club and the University Club of Washington. 
Among Dr, Morgan’s numerous contributions to medical journals are the following: “Sugar as Such in the Dietary of 
Dyspeptics”; “Indicanuria”; “Gastric Tetany, with Report of Cases”; “The Early Diagnosis of Carcinoma of the Stomach”; 
“Diverticulum of the Oesophagus, with Report of Cases”; “Diagnosis and Feeding in Gastric Ulcer”; “Gastric Ulcer”; 
“Syphilis of the Stomach, with Report of Cases”; “Some Experience with the Einhorn Duodenal Bucket and a Modified 
Thread Test”; “Cardiospasm in Infants, with Report of Cases”; etc., etc. 
Dr. Morgan invented one of the first Gastrodiaphones ever used in exploring the interior of the human stomach JOHN HERR MUSSER 
Professor of Clinical Medicine 
University of Pennsylvania 
Philadelphia, Pa, 
OHN HERR MUSSER, M.D., LL.D., is the fourth of his line in direct descent to practise medicine. His pater- 
IPflPa I §reat"§ran^^at^er» Dr. Benjamin Musser, was a practitioner of medicine in his native country; his grandfather 
was Dr. Martin Musser, and he is the son of Dr. Benjamin and Naomi Musser. He was born in Strasburg, 
Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, June 22d, 1836. 
Dr. Musser received his classical training in the Strasburg High School and in the Millersville State Normal School. 
After graduation from the latter, he entered, inspired by his father s career, upon medical study at the University of Pennsyl- 
vania, and this was followed by a one year’s interneship in the Philadelphia (Blockley) Hospital. 
His career may be divided into that of practitioner of medicine, hospital physician, teacher of medicine, writer, participant 
in medical societies pertaining to the practice of medicine, teaching, and to the organization of the profession. As practitioner, 
the first fifteen years were devoted to general practice. Internal medicine was then taken up as special work and consultation 
practice begun. The latter and office practice has been the character of work of the past fifteen years. Because of consultation 
work, many hospitals and institutions have made him consultant, notably the West Philadelphia Hospital for Women, the 
Woman’s Hospital of Philadelphia, the Philadelphia, Jewish, Chestnut Hill and Germantown Hospitals, and various Homes 
of a charitable character. As hospital physician. Dr. Musser served as Dispensary Physician, Pathologist and Visiting Phy- 
sician consecutively to the Presbyterian Hospital; as Registrar, Chief of the Medical Dispensary and Physician successively to 
the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, holding at present in these institutions the last positions named. He was for 
twenty years Physician to the Philadelphia Hospital, resigning to become consultant to that institution. In the hospital work 
his studies were chiefly along lines of morbid anatomy and diagnosis. 
As teacher, Dr. Musser began as Quiz Master, later Demonstrator of Clinical Medicine, Associate Professor, and then 
Professor of Clinical Medicine in the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania. 
Dr. Musser is intensely interested in medical organizations and is closely connected with them both as President and in 
other capacities. He was President of the Pathological Society from 1893 to 1897 and of the Philadelphia County 
Medical Society in 1899, and American Medical Association in 1904. He was President of the Philadelphia 
Medical Club. In September, 1907, he was elected Corresponding Member of the Sixth International Anti-Tuberculosis 
Association; in July, 1908, he received an Honorary Fellowship in the Institute of Hygiene, London; in September, 1908, 
he was appointed First Lieutenant of the Medical Reserve Corps by President Roosevelt; in June, 1909, he was elected 
President of the American School of Hygiene Association; in 1909 he became Honorary Member of the Royal Society of 
Physicians of Budapest, and in April, 1910, was elected Vice-President of the Pennsylvania State Society for Prevention of 
Tuberculosis. He is a member of the Board of Trustees of the Drexel Institute of Philadelphia, Phipps Institute for the 
Study of Tuberculosis, representing the Faculty of the University of Pennsylvania in that Board, and of the Bureau of Munic- 
ipal Research of Philadelphia. He is also a member of the Board of Managers of the University Settlement House. He 
is a Fellow of the College of Physicians, Philadelphia; Honorary Member of the South Carolina Medical Association, the 
Virginia State Medical Association, New York State Medical Association, and the Academy of Medicine, Harrisburg, Pa., 
and member of the National Geographic Society. American Association for the Advancement of Science, Philadelphia County 
Medical Society, Pennsylvania State Medical Society, American Medical Association, Association of American Physicians, 
American Climatological Society, and Philadelphia Neurological and Pathological Societies. Dr. Musser was honored with the degree of LL.D. by Franklin and Marshall College: for conspicuous services rendered 
to medical science. 
In addition to contributions to current literature and scientific organizations. Dr. Musser is the author of a “Medical 
Diagnosis’’ (6th edition now in preparation), of articles in Hare’s System of Therapeutics, and of the article on Pneumonia in 
Osier’s “System of Medicine.” He is Editor of the volume “Diseases of the Lungs” in NothnageTs Encyclopaedia, and, in 
collaboration with Dr. A. O. J. Kelly, of a “System of Therapeutics.” 
Dr. Musser initiated social service work in the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, and is the President of the 
organization. He is actively interested in the settlement work of the University of Pennsylvania and also in the Presbyte- 
rian Hospital, in which he inaugurated Tuberculosis Classes. Berlin Pab. Co. N.Y. 
Photo by Haeseler WILLIAM PERRY NORTHRUP 
Professor of Pediatrics in 
New York University and Bellevue Hospital Medical College 
New York City 
MRmRziLUAM perry northrup 
was born in Peterboro, Madison County, New York, on January 1 I th, 
| Dr. Northrup pursued studies preliminary to entering College in the public schools, and in the Syracuse High 
School, whence he entered Hamilton College. From this College he was graduated in 1872 with the Bachelor’s de- 
gree, and three years later it conferred upon him the degree of Master of Arts. 
Upon his graduation. Dr. Northrup was appointed Instructor of Greek in Knox College at Galesburg, Illinois, and held 
this post until 1876, when, having decided to undertake the study of medicine, he came to New York City and matriculated at 
the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University. He was graduated in 1878 with the medical degree, and was 
immediately appointed Interne at Roosevelt Hospital where he served for two years. 
From 1880 until 1894 Dr. Northrup was engaged in private practice, being also connected with various dispensaries and 
laboratories. From 1882 to 1894 he was Pathologist to the New York Foundling Hospital, working at the same time in the 
Pathological Laboratory of the College of Physicians and Surgeons under the personal guidance of Professors Delafield and 
Prudden. It is estimated that in twelve years he made two thousand autopsies. In the year 1 894 he was called to the Bellevue 
Hospital Medical College, now the New York University, and Bellevue Hospital Medical College, as Professor of Pediatrics, 
which office he continues to hold. As a teacher Dr. Northrup is extremely successful. His lectures cover the entire field of 
Pediatrics. 
Dr. Northrup is Visiting Physician to the Presbyterian and Foundling Hospitals; Consulting Physician to the Hospitals of 
the Department of Health of New York City, the Willard Parker, and the Riverside Hospitals; to the New York Infant Asy- 
lum; Washington Heights Hospital; Vassar Brothers Hospital, at Poughkeepsie, New York; The Babies’ Hospital at Newark, 
N. J.. and to the New York State Orthopedic Hospital at Haverstraw, N. Y. 
Dr. Northrup is the first to advocate in an authoritative way the treatment o'f pneumonia patients in cold open air, and has 
written extensively on that subject. He has contributed frequently to medical periodicals on Diphtheria, Intubation, and In- 
fantile Scorbutus, the first eleven cases ever recorded in literature of scorbutus in infants from American practice being contributed 
by him. Among other papers, he is the author of “Sun Play-Rooms on City Roofs,” published in 1902; “Roof-Gardens on 
City Private Houses,” 1 905; “Open-Air (on the Roof) Treatment of Children in Fever and in Convalescence,” 1905; “Open- 
Air (Hospital) Roof Wards,” 1908; “Cold Fresh Air Treatment of Pneumonia in Infants and Children,” 1905; “The 23- 
Hour Treatment” (in the Open Air), 1906; and “Air de Luxe,” 1906, and he is Editor of Ashby and Wright’s American 
Edition of “Diseases of Children,” and of Vol. 4 of the American Edition of Nothnagel’s “System of Medicine,” to which 
he has contributed the original article on Diphtheria. In 1901 he published one of his most important papers on the “Portal of 
Entry of Tubercle Bacilli into the Child’s Body.” 
The Health Commission of New York appointed Dr. Northrup a member of the Commission on Cerebro-Spinal Menin- 
gitis in 1906. He was also a member of the Council of the American Pediatric Society reporting on the value of antitoxin in 
diphtheria and diphtheritic croup. He is a member of the Association of American Physicians; and is member and ex-Presi- 
dent of the Pediatric Section of the Academy of Medicine, and of the Pathological Society, as also of the Century and 
Barnard Clubs, New York City. 
Dr. Northrup has written a few articles outside of the channel of medical literature in “Scribner’s Magazine,” May, 1888; 
a pilot boat story (illustrated) “In the Steamer’s Tract”; also in “Scribner’s Magazine,” December, 1889, “The Pardon of 
Ste. Anne d’ Auray and other Breton Pictures,” (illustrated), and a popular article on Antitoxin in the Treatment of Diph- 
theria, published in the “Forum,” September, 1896. Berlin Pub. Co. N.Y. 
Photo by Holl inger EUGENE LINDSAY OPIE 
Pathologist 
New York City 
EUGENE LINDSAY OPIE was born in Staunton, Virginia, on July sth, 1873. He is the son of Thomas 
i Opie, a physician, and Sallie Harmon Opie. 
Dr. Op*e 8 education, preliminary to his professional studies, was acquired at the Johns Hopkins University, 
from which he was graduated with the baccaluaureate degree in 1893. 
Staunton, Virginia, on July sth, 1873. He is the son of Thomas 
While in the academic department of Johns Hopkins University, Dr. Opie had specialized in chemical and biological study 
in anticipation of matriculation in the medical department, and when he entered upon the medical course, devoted himself to 
pathology and bacteriology. His instructors were Welch, Osier, Halsted, and Kelly. 
After graduation in 1897, and hospital service in Johns Hopkins Hospital until 1898, Dr. Opie was successively Fellow 
in Pathology, Assistant, Instructor, and then Associate in the Johns Hopkins University, He also held the position of Patho- 
logist to the Bay View Asylum. 
In 1904 Dr. Opie entered the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, of which laboratories were opened in this year, 
and since 1 907 he has been Pathologist to the Presbyterian Hospital, New York City. 
During his Fellowship in Pathology at Johns Hopkins, and in subsequent years, Dr. Opie has studied the various phases 
of pancreatic disease, namely, the origin of fat-necrosis, the cause of acute pancreatic disease, and the relation of diabetis mellitus 
to the ductless bodies within the pancreas. His later studies have dealt with inflammation and tuberculosis. In several articles to 
medical journals, he has described the behavior of eosmophile ceils with inflammation and other conditions. Dr. Opie has con- 
tinued his studies upon inflammation, and has shown that the cells (phagocytes) which are concerned contain ferments which 
resemble the proteid-digesting ferments of the digestive tract; these studies have shown that the serum of the blood restrains the action 
of the ferments. Later investigations have dealt with ferments found in tuberculous tissue. 
Some of Dr. Opie’s articles to professional periodicals are: “Protozoa,” “20th Century Practice of Medicine,” 1900; 
“Chronic Pancreatitis and Diabetes Mellitus,” “Journal of Experimental Medicine,” Vol. V, 1901; “Hyaline Degeneration 
of Islands of Langerhans,” “Journal of Experimental Medicine,” Vol. V, 1901 ; “Etiology of Acute Hemorhagic Pancreatitis,” 
“Bulletin of the John Hopkins Hospital,” Vol. XII, 1901 ; “Diseases of the Pancreas,” “Osier’s Modern Medicine,” Vol V, 
1908; “Eosinophil Cells,” “American Journal of Medical Sciences,” 1903-4; “Enzymes and Anti-enzymes of Inflammatory Ex- 
udates,” “Journal of Experimental Medicine,” 1905-7; “Enzymes of Tuberculous Tissues,” “Journal of Experimental Medi- 
cine,” 1 908. 
Dr. Opie has also written a volume on “Disease of the Pancreas: Its Cause and Nature,” published by J. B. Lippincott 
Company, 1903. He is the co-editor of the “Journal of Experimental Medicine.” 
Dr. Opie is a member of the Association of American Physicians; American Medical Association; Association of Patholo- 
gists and Bacteriologists; American Physiological Society: New York Pathological Society; Maryland Medical and Chirurglcal 
Faculty; Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, and the Association for the Advancement of Science. 
He married Gertrude Lovat Simpson on August 6th, 1902, in Montreal, Canada. Berlin Pub, Co. N.Y. 
Photo by Alman FREDERICK PETERSON 
Professor of Psychiatry 
Columbia University 
New York City 
|n~ RODERICK PETERSON was born in Fairbault, Minnesota, on March Ist, 1859, the son of John Frederick 
| Peterson and Hilma (Lindholm) Peterson. 
IJKg Dr. Eeterson was prepared for College both in the public schools and by private tutors, and as he had decided 
upon a medical career he entered the Medical Department of the University of Buffalo. After graduation, in 1879, 
he served a short time as Interne in the Buffalo General Hospital, and then went abroad that he might study Pathology under 
Weichselbaum and von Recklingshausen in Germany. 
Upon his return to the United States he was made Professor of Pathology in the University of Buffalo, and Pathologist to 
various hospitals in Buffalo, among them the Buffalo State Hospital for the Insane. Here his pathological work led to his de- 
veloping a special interest in the nervous system and its disorders. This subject had attracted him in his College days, as is seen 
by the fact that his graduation thesis in 1879 was upon “The Physiology of the Posterior Lobes of the Cerebrum.” 
To follow further this predilection. Dr. Peterson entered the Poughkeepsie State Hospital for the Insane as First Assistant 
Physician in 1 884. In 1 888 he resigned this post and spent some time in the Universities of Strassburg, Vienna, and Munich, 
where he pursued courses in Psychiatry and Neurology successively under Meynert, Krafft-Ebing, Obersteiner, Jolly, Kraepelin, and 
Charcot; and later in New York under Seguin, Starr, and Sachs. 
Upon his return, Dr. Peterson located permanently in New York City, and has devoted himself to his specialty. 
Dr. Peterson has distinguished himself in the medical world through achievements in the field of Psychiatry. His lectures in 
the Medical College of Columbia University, of which he was appointed Professor of Psychiatry in 1903, afford instruction 
both for students and practitioners, and engage the attention of the audience to the very end. 
Dr. Peterson is Attending Alienist at Bellevue Hospital, Consulting Physician to the State Hospital for the Insane at Ward’s 
Island, Central Islip, King’s Park and Flatbush, and was formerly First Assistant Physician at the Hudson River State Hospital 
for the Insane at Poughkeepsie, New York. 
Dr. Peterson is a member of many of the foremost professional societies, and has held office in several. He is ex- 
President of the New York State Lunacy Commission; ex-President of the Board of Managers of the Craig Colony for 
Epileptics; member of the American Neurological Association; American Medico-Psycological Association; American Medical 
Association; New York Academy of Medicine; New York Neurological Society; New York County Medical Society; 
Medical Society of Greater New York; New York Clinical Society; New York Hospital Graduates’ Club; Charaka Club; 
New York Psychiatric Society, and an Flonorary Member of the Medical Society of Sweden. He is also a member of the 
Barnard Club; Century Club, and Author’s Club because of his contributions to general literature. He is the author of three 
volumes of verse. 
Numerous papers on topics connected with his specialty to many medical periodicals have been contributed by Dr. Peterson, 
and in addition he has written several larger works. He is the joint author of Church and Peterson’s “Nervous and Mental Dis- 
eases”; 6th Edition, Saunders and Company, Philadelphia, publishers; joint Editor of Peterson’s and Haines’ “Legal Medicine 
and Toxicology,” Saunders and Company, Philadelphia, two volumes; Editor and Translator of Hoffmann’s “Atlas of Legal 
Medicine”; joint Translator of Peterson’s and Brill’s translation of Jung’s “Dementia Praecox,” and joint Translator of Peterson 
and Carrigue’s Translation of “Psychotherapy” by Camus and Pagniez. 
In 1894 Dr. Peterson married a student at Barnard College, New York City, Antoinette Rotan, of Waco, Texas, and 
they have two children. 
Dr. Peterson has made many journeys in his course of study. He has spent five years at different times in Germany, France 
and Italy. From 1891 until 1892 he spent in Greece and Egypt, and in 1909 he travelled through Japan and China. Berlin Pub. Co. N. Y. 
Photo by Alman WILLIAM MECKLENBURG POLK 
Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology 
Cornell University Medical College 
New York City 
ILLIAM MECKLENBURG POLK, M.D., LL.D., was bom at Ashwood, Maury County, Tennessee, on August 
\W/ Wii 15th, 1844, the son of Leonidas Polk, Bishop of Louisiana and Lieutenant-General, Confederate State Army, and of 
M' A«J Frances (Devereux) Polk. 
Having completed preparatory studies. Dr. Polk chose a military career, and in 1859 joined the Virginia Mill- 
tary Institute as a Cadet, and in May, 1861, at the outbreak of the Civil War, he entered the Confederate State 
Army under Stonewall Jackson. At first he served as a Drillmaster, and subsequently as Private in the First Mississippi Cavalry; 
Lieutenant in Bankhead’s Battery of Artillery; Assistant Chief of Artillery in Polk’s Army Corps, and in Stewart’s Army Corps, 
and was finally advanced to the post of Captain-Adjutant and Inspector-General in the Department of Tennessee. During 
this war he engaged in numerous skirmishes and battles, among which may be mentioned those of New Madrid, Shiloh, Corinth, 
Mumfordsville, Perryville, Stone River, Chichamauga, Resaca, New Hope-Church, Kenesaw Mountain, Altoona, Franklin, and 
Nashville. 
At the close of the war Dr. Polk commenced to study medicine, and in 1 869 was graduated from the Medical Department 
of Columbia University, New York City. After graduation, he served as Interne in the Bellevue Hospital, and later became 
one of the Pathologists of this Institution. Later he was appointed Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy here, and for four years 
was Professor of Clinical Medicine and Therapeutics at Bellevue Medical College. In 1880 he became Professor of Obstetrics 
and Gynecology at New York University, which position he held until 1898, when he was elected Dean of the Medical 
Department of Cornell University, and Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology, which latter office he continued to fill. 
Dr. Polk was connected with Bellevue Hospital in the capacity of Attending Physician and Surgeon in 1874, and since 
1880 he has been Surgeon in the Gynecological Department. He is also Consulting Surgeon to St. Luke’s Hospital (Department 
of Gynecology), St, Vincent’s Hospital, New York Lying-In Hospital, and the New York Infirmary for Women and Children. 
Dr. Polk is a member of many professional and social organizations; among them. Medical Society of the State of New 
York, Medical Society of the County of New York, Medical Association of the Greater City of New York, New York Academy 
of Medicine, of which he was Vice-President in 1894; New York Obstetrical Society, of which he was President in 1891 ; the 
Pathological and Practitioners’ Societies; American Society of Sanitary and Moral Prophylaxis; American Gynecological Society, 
of which he was President from 1 895 to 1 896; Southern Surgical and Gynecological Association, American Medical Association, 
and the Royal Society of Medicine; as well as the Century Association, Metropolitan Club, New York Southern Society, of which 
he was President from 1899-1900; the Continental Southern Society, and the Harvey Society. 
As an extensive contributor to professional journals, Dr. Polk is well known. He is the author of the following 
“New York Medical Journal’’: 
“Landmarks on the Operation of Laparo-Elytrotomy,” May, 1882; 
“Puerperal Septicaemia Treated with Phenic Acid,” August, 1882; 
“Observations upon the Anatomy of the Female Pelvis,” December, 1882; 
“Case of Extirpation of a Displaced Kidney,” February 17, 1884; 
“A Parovian Cyst and a Fibro-Cyst of the Uterus, in the Same Patient”; “The Indications for Hysterectomy” (Transactions 
of Obstetrical Society, 1879-85, page 207), August 25th, 1883; 
“A Case of Adenoma of the Rectum,” April 12th, 1884; 
“Reports upon the Surgical Anatomy of the Gravid Uterus,” May 3rd, 1884; 
“A Clinical Lecture in Gynecology,” September 13th, 1884; 
“Religion and Medicine,” October 17th, 1885; 
“The Induction of Premature Labor,” September 15th, 1888; 
“The Use of the Drainage Tube after Ovariotomy,” September, 1888; 
“The Medical Aspect of Christian Science,” 1901, p. 591.“ System of Surgery,” Dennis, Vol. IV: “Surgical Disorders in Diseases of the Uterus.” 
“Inflammation of the Female Genital Organs,” Chapter 6, “Clinical Gynecology,” Keating Company. 
New York Medical Record”: 
“Catheterization of the Larynx,” June 19th, 1880; 
“The General Management of the Parturient State,” March 4th, 1882; 
“The Influence of Extreme Lateral Curvature of the Spine on the Course of Labor,” April 7th, 1883; 
“Hydrochlorate of Cocaine as a Local Anaesthetic in Gynecology,” November Ist, 1884; 
“Alexander’s Operation (Shortening of the Round Ligaments), with a Report of 15 Cases in Bellevue Hospital,” Trans- 
actions of the Academy of Medicine, Vol. VI, 1890; 
“Peri-Uterine Inflammation: A Study of Peri-Uterine Inflammation in its Relation to Salpingitis, Based upon 16 Cases of 
Extirpation of the Tubes and Ovaries, Occurring in Bellevue Hospital,” September 18th, 1886; 
“Mania and Multiple Neuritis in Pregnancy,” May 10th, 1890; 
“Gastro-Colostomy,” August 23rd, 1890; 
“The Relation of Medicine to the Problem of Socialism,” December 21st, 1889; 
“Supra-pubic Hysterectomy with Intraperitoneal Treatment of the Stump in Pregnancy at Term for Obstructed Labor,” 
March 4th, 1899; 
“Operations upon the Uterine Appendages for Sterility,” December 6th, 1902; 
“Constructive Surgery after Extensive Gunshot Wound of Abdomen, April 18th, 1908; 
’Supra-pubic Operation upon Pelvic Floor lor Prolapse of the Uterus, April, 1909. 
Gynecological Transactions”: 
“Can Lacerations of the Cervix Uteri be Prevented? Vol. VI, 1881, p. 407; 
“Are the Tubes and Ovanes to be Sacrificed in all Cases of Salpingitis?” 1888, p. 282; 
“Observations upon the Surgical Treatment of Retroversions and Retroflexions, with and without Associated Adhesions, 
Tubal Disease and Ovarian Disease, Based upon an Experience of 70 Cases,” 1889, p. 250; 
“Remarks on Treatment of Prolapsus Uteri et Vaginae,” Vol. XVII, 1893, pp. 319-320. 
American Journal of Obstetrics and Diseases of Women and Children”; 
“The Treatment of Acute Endometritis by Drainage, and a Suggestion as to Incision of the Anterior Cervical Wall in 
Certain Cases, Chiefly Chronic,” Vol. 23, No. I, 1890; 
“Certain Operations to Preserve the Uterine Appendages,” Vol. 24. No. 9, 1891 ; 
“Extirpation of the Entire Uterus by the Supra-pubic Method (Abdominal Hysterectomy), 17 Cases,” Transactions of 
the Gynecological Society, 1892, p. 215. 
‘American Journal of Obstetrics”: 
“The Treatment of Recurring Salpingitis and Peritonitis by Curettage and Drainage,” Vol. 26, 1892; 
“Vaginal Hysterectomy by ‘Morcellament’ for Fibroids,” December, 1894; 
“The Vaginal or Intra-pubic Method of Operating upon Suppurative Diseases of the Uterus and Appendages,” Vol, 31, 
No. 2, 1895; 
“In Memoriam, Paul F. Munde, M.D.,” Vol, 45, 1902. 
“Drainage with Gauze Packing in Recurrent Salpingitis and Peritonitis as a Means of Cure and as a Preliminary to Con- 
servative Operations upon the Appendages,” May, 1892; 
“Drainage with Gauze Packing as Applied to the Uterus in Chronic Endometritis and Chronic Metritis, Not Only when 
These Conditions Exist Independently of Salpingitis or Other Forms of Perimetritis, but Also Where They are Asso- 
ciated with Such Disorders; 40 Cases,” February, 1892; 
“Hysterectomy (Supra-pubic) for Salpingitis and Ovaritis,” Vol. 3, 1893, p. 1055; Transactions of the Obstetrical Society, 
1893-4, p. 21; 
“Operations upon the Uterine Appendages with a View to Preserving the Functions of Ovulation and Menstruation,” 
August, 1893; 
“Remarks upon Hysterectomy, with Description of Specimen,” Transactions of the Obstetrical Society, 1893-1894, p. 396; 
The Relation of Hysterectomy to Conservative Operations upon the Appendages,” May, 1894; 
“Hysterectomy for Fibroid, Carcinoma, and in Pregnancy, after Ligation of the Anterior Trunk of the Internal Iliac 
Artery,” Transactions of Obstetrical Society, 1895-1896; 
“Surgical Treatment of Suppurative Disease of the Appendages,” January, 1896; 
“Report of Operations upon the Peritoneal Cavity,” 2nd Medical Division, Bellevue Hospital, Transactions of the 
Obstetrical Society, 1896-97, p. 211; “Extirpation of the Uterus, Vagina and Rectum for Carcinoma,” March, 1900. 
“New York Medical News”: 
“Vaginal vs. Abdominal Section in Diseases of the Female Pelvic Organs,” Transactions Academy of Medicine, Vol. 
12, 2nd Series, 1895 ; 
“The Clinical Effect of Thyroid Extract upon Fibroid Tumors of the Uterus,” January 14th, 1899; 
“A Retrospect of Twenty-one Years of Gynecology and Obstetrics,” June 6th, 1895, which was the Presidents Address, 
Gynecological Society; 
“A Word on Specialization in Medicine and Surgery,” February Ist, 1902, 46th Annual Report, Women’s Hospital, 
1901; 
“Cornell University Medical College,” October 15th, 1898. 
“Yale Medical Record”: 
“How Shall We Work?” November, 1897; 
“Transactions of Congress of American Physicians and Surgeons”: 
“Conservative Surgery of the Female Pelvic Organs,” Vol. 3, 1894; 
In addition to his commencement oration, delivered at Sewanee, Tenn., on August 3rd, 1893, entitled, “The Unversity 
of the South and the Race Problem,” Dr. Polk has contributed articles to other than medical periodicals. They are: “The 
Battle of Oriskanny,” published in New York, February 22nd, 1904, and “Life of Leonidas Polk, Bishop and General,” 
1894, published by Longmans, Green & Co., New York and London. Berlin Pub, Co. N.Y. 
Photo by Alman MAURICE HOWE RICHARDSON 
Moseley Professor of Surgery 
Harvard University 
Boston, Mass, 
WHjfinSj AURICE HOWE RICHARDSON, M. D., the son of Nathan Henry and Martha Ann (Barber) Richardson, 
U was born in Athol, Massachusetts, December 31st, 1851. He has been connected with Harvard University since 
yHU boyhood. In 1873 he received the degree of Bachelor of Arts therefrom, and in 1877, having completed the 
medical course, was granted the degree of Doctor of Medicine. He was Assistant in Anatomy from 1879 to 1882; 
Demonstrator from 1882 to 1887; Assistant in Surgery, 1883 to 1887; Assistant Professor of Anatomy, 1887 to 1895; 
Assistant Professor of Clinical Surgery, 1895 to 1902; Associate Professor, 1902-1903; Professor of Clinical Surgery, 1903 
to 1907, since which year he has been Mosely Professor of Surgery. 
In addition to his practice which is most extensive, and his University work. Dr. Richardson has accepted numerous hos- 
pital appointments. He is at present and has been since 1886 Visiting Surgeon to the Massachusetts General Hospital, and 
is Consulting Surgeon to many hospitals, both metropolitan and suburban. 
He is a member of the American Surgical Association and International Surgical Society. He is greatly interested in 
organizations outside of the channel of medicine and is member of the Somerset, University, St. Botolph, and Country Clubs. 
Dr. Richardson is a contributor to “Park’s Surgery by American Authors.’’ and to “Dennis’ System of Surgery.” Berlin Pub. Co. N.Y. 
Photo by Chickerinq BERNARD SACHS 
Neurologist 
New York City 
[|==5*i|ERNARD SACHS. A.8., M.D., was born in Baltimore, Md., January 2nd, 1838. He is the son of Sophia and 
E Isajl Joseph Sachs, a teacher. 
I I Dr. Sachs received his education, preliminary to undertaking medical study, in the schools of New York City 
and in Harvard College, from which he was graduated with the Class of 1878. His medical studies were pursued 
abroad at the Universities of Berlin, and Strasburg, from which last-named he took the degree of Doctor of Medicine in 1882. 
His practical work was done in the hospitals of Vienna, London, and Paris, Among his instructors were Kussmaul, Leyden, and 
Frerichs in General Medicine, Meynert, Westphal, Jolly, Charcot and Hughlings Jackson, in Neurology. He was abroad from 
1878 to 1884. 
Upon returning to the United States, Dr. Sachs located in New York City. He received many appointments both in hos- 
pitals and educational (medical) institutions. He was Professsor of Mental and Nervous Diseases in the New York Poly- 
clinic, but resigned some years ago. He is at present Neurologist to Mt. Sinai Hospital, Alienist and Neurologist to Bellevue 
Hospital, Consulting Physician to the New York Neurological Institute and Consulting Physician to the Manhattan State Hos- 
pital. 
Dr. Sachs is an ex-President of the American Neurological Association, and twice was President of the New York Neuro- 
logical Society. He is a member of the American Neurological Association, Association of American Physicians, and Honorary 
Member of the Moscow Neurological Society. 
He has written a large number of special articles on neurological subjects and a text-book on Nervous Diseases of Chil- 
dren. He gave the first complete description of Amaurotic Family Idiocy (Tay-Sachs Disease). 
Dr. Sachs has become highly prominent in his chosen branch of medicine and is widely known as a specialist in nervous 
and mental diseases. Berlin Pub. Co.N.Y. 
Photo by Hollinqer THOMAS EDWARD SATTERTHWAITE 
Physician 
New York City 
S'bjpe j HOMAS EDWARD SATTERTHWAITE, M.D., the son of Thomas Wilkinson Satterthwaite, a merchant of 
New York City, and Ann Fisher (Sheafe) Satterthwaite, was born in New York City on March 26, 1843. In Dr. 
fig Satterthwaite’s ancestry there is English, Huguenot, and Puritan blood. On his mother’s side he is descended from 
men prominent in the history of New Hampshire. His maternal grandfather was a member of the New Hampshire 
Legislature, of both Houses at Washington, and a nominee for Governor of New Hampshire. He is also a direct 
descendant of the two John Wentworths, Lieutenant-Governors of New Hampshire. His paternal grandfather, of the same 
name, and his great-grandfather, Theophylact Bache, were prominent among the old merchants of New York City. 
Dr. Satterthwaite prepared for college at Harrington’s School in Westchester, whence he entered Yale University in 1860. 
He was graduated four years later with the Baccalaureate Degree, and in the same year (1864) matriculated in the Scientific 
Department of Harvard University, where he studied Comparative Anatomy as a private pupil of Jeffries Wyman. During 1864 
he also matriculated in the Harvard Medical Department. From 1863 until 1867 he studied at the College of Physicians and 
Surgeons, Columbia University, in New York City, and then served as Interne at the New York Hospital on the surgical division. 
In 1869 Dr. Satterthwaite received a diploma for twenty months’ surgical experience, and in this year went abroad, con- 
tinuing his medical studies in the University of Vienna, principally under Professors Schroetter, He bra, and Klein, and in Wurz- 
burg, where he pursued the study of Pathological Anatomy under Professor von Recklinghausen. 
During the progress of Dr. Satterthwaite’s medical studies in Europe, the Franco-Prussian War broke out, and he en- 
tered the Prussian service as Assistant Surgeon, being later promoted to full Surgeon, with the rank of captain. In recognition of 
his services, after the close of the war he was decorated with the Iron Cross by the German Emperor. 
After the cessation of hostilities, he tendered his resignation, and returned to his medical studies, which he pursued until the 
fall of 1871, when he returned to New York City, and began the practice of medicine, which he has continued with little inter- 
ruption to the present time. 
In 1873 Dr. Satterthwaite opened what was probably the first private laboratory in this country for instruction in normal 
and pathological Histology. He was one of the incorporators and a trustee of the Alumni Association of the College of Physicians 
and Surgeons, was instrumental in the founding of the New York Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital, as well as the 
New York Polyclinic and Hospital, and was also one of the founders of the American Therapeutic Society. 
Dr. Satterthwaite is Consulting Physician to the Post-Graduate, Orthopedic, Babies’, Red Cross, and Manhattan State 
Hospitals. From 1872 until 1882, and from 1873 to 1888, he was Pathologist to St. Luke’s and the Presbyterian Hospitals 
respectively. For two years, 1881 and 1882, he was Lecturer on Comparative Pathology at the Columbia Veterinary College; 
and he was Professor of Pathological Anatomy for one year. Professor of General Medicine for seven years, and from 1904 
until 1908 Professor of Medicine at the New York Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital. 
Dr. Satterthwaite has contributed largely to the medical journals. In addition, he is the author of “Manual of Histology,” 
1881; “Practical Bacteriology,” 1887, and “Diseases ol the Heart and Aorta,” 1905. 
He limits himself to a consulting practice, especially in diseases of the heart, and is particularly interested in the perfecting 
of modern instruments of precision for use in medical practice. He also takes an active interest in medical advances of every 
kind, and in local good government. He is a member and ex-President of the New York Pathological Society, of the American 
Therapeutic Society, and of the Medical Association of the Greater City of New York; also a member of the New York 
Academy of Medicine, the Medical Societies of the County and State of New York, the Sons of the Revolution, the Century 
Club and the Vereinigung alter Deutschen Studenten in Amerika. 
Dr. Satterthwaite married, in 1884, Isabella, a daughter of the late Dr. James Lenox Banks, of New York City. Berlin Pub. Co. N. Y. 
Photo by Rochlitz ABRAM ALEXANDER SMITH 
Professor of Principles and Practice of Medicine 
University and Bellevue Hospital and Medical College 
New York City 
Ifeli BRAM ALEXANDER SMITH, M.D., A.M., LL.D., the son of James Alexander and Mary Ann (Corbin) 
Smith, was born at Wantage, New Jersey, March 25th, 1847. 
H Dr. Smith prepared for college at the Newton Collegiate Institute, Newton, New Jersey, whence he entered 
Lafayette College, obtaining the degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1868, and that of Master of Arts in 1871. In this latter year 
he was graduated in medicine from the Bellevue Hospital Medical College. He subsequently received the honorary degrees of 
LL.D. from Lafayette College, and Master of Arts from Princeton in 1892. 
From 1871 to 1872 Dr. Smith served as Interne in Bellevue Hospital, and later, 1873-1879, became Visiting Physician 
to the Heart and Lungs Department of Demilt Dispensary; Assistant Visiting Physician to the Woman’s Hospital in State of 
New York, 1874-1879; Clinical Assistant to Professor A. L. Loomis, and Consulting Physician to the Hospital for Ruptured 
and Crippled. 
In addition to an extensive practice and many hospital appointments. Dr. Smith has engaged in the teaching of medicine. 
From 1879 to 1892 he was Professor of Materia Medica and Therapeutics at Bellevue Hospital Medical College, and from 1892 
to 1897 Professor of Principles and Practice of Medicine in the same institution, and since 1897 he has been Professor of Prin- 
ciples and Practice of Medicine in the University and Bellevue Hospital Medical College. 
Dr. Smith is a member of the American Medical Association; Association of American Physicians and Clinicians; American 
Climatological Society; National Association for the Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis; New York State Medical Associa- 
tion; New York Academy of Medicine; New York County Medical Society; New York Practitioners’ Society; New York 
Clinical Society; New York Medical and Surgical Society; as well as of the following clubs. Century Association; University 
Club, and Grotier Club. 
He has read numerous papers at the different societies of which he is member, and has contributed largely to current medical 
journals. 
In December, 1873, Dr. Smith married Sue L., a daughter of Henry Bender, of Easton, Pa. They have had four 
children, all boys; two of them died in infancy, and two others, twins, were graduated from Princeton University in 1901. Berlin Pub. Co. N. Y. 
Photo by Almart MOSES ALLEN STARR 
Professor of Neurology 
in the 
College of Physicians and Surgeons 
at 
Columbia University 
New York City 
OSES ALLEN STARR, is descended from a long line of prominent citizens, and we find among his ancestors 
H H men w^o’ ky tbeir widely known activity in the various fields of public life, have acquired fame and honors, and 
secured to themselves a permanent place in the early history of this country. 
Dr. Starr has worthily followed in the footsteps of his ancestors in embracing the medical career in which 
his paternal grandfather in the seventh generation, Dr. Comfort Starr, had already distinguished himself. 
The history of this noted family shows that the first to come to America was Dr. Comfort Starr, who emigrated 
in 1632 from Ashford, England, and settled with his family in Warren, Connecticut. His son, Comfort Starr, graduated 
from Harvard in 1647, and served as a fellow and one of the corporation of Harvard College from 1650 to 1670. As 
lawyers and clergymen of distinction in New England, the successive generations maintained positions of eminence in these 
professions; but there was no physician in the family until 1880, when Moses Allen Starr, eighth in line from Dr. Comfort 
Starr, received his degree at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York. 
The grandfather of Dr. M. Allen Starr was Peter Starr, a lawyer of eminence in Vermont, in whose office Senator 
Edmunds, of Vermont, and Edward I. Phelps, Minister to England under President Cleveland, received their legal education. 
Egbert Starr, his father, was a successful merchant of New York from 1840 to 1870. His mother was Augusta Allen, 
daughter of Moses Allen, for many years a banker of prominence in New York. Dr. M. Allen Starr, their only child, was 
born in Brooklyn, May 16th, 1854, grew up in Orange, New Jersey, where he was educated at a private school, and en- 
tered Princeton College in 1872. In Princeton he made a brilliant record, standing third in his class of 140 members through- 
out his college career, and taking prizes in French, English literature, and Philosophy. His interest was especially strong in 
Psychology, under the stimulating influence of Dr. James McCosh, and after his graduation in 1876 he went to Germany to 
pursue studies preparatory to his work in neurological and psychological sciences. From 1877 to 1880 he studied at the Col- 
lege of Physicians and Surgeons in New York, and then served for two years as Interne in Bellevue Hospital, on the medical 
division. He then went abroad, and spent a year in the Universities of Heidelberg, Vienna, and Paris, working entirely in 
Neurology, especially under Meynert, and Charcot. From the tiime of his beginning the practice of medicine in New York, in 
1884, he devoted his time exclusively to nervous diseases. He obtained positions in the various dispensaries, clinics and hos- 
pitals; maintained a private laboratory for the instruction of graduate students in Neurology; wrote voluminously on neurologi- 
cal subjects, which during the period from 1884 to 1 898 were exciting the chief interest in medical science. During this period 
the facts regarding the localization of brain and spinal cord functions were brought out, and many of the original discoveries of 
these facts were first stated in Dr. Starr’s papers. These papers were translated and published abroad, and formed a substan- 
tial contribution to the growing knowledge of nervous diseases. 
In 1890 his first book, “Familiar Forms of Nervous Disease,” was published. It soon ran through two editions, and is 
still sold. About that time interest in Neurology centered in the application of the facts of localization to the surgical treatment of 
diseases of the brain. In 1893 “Brain Surgery” was published, containing the facts bearing on this subject, with many original 
observations, and cases which had been operated upon under Dr. Starr’s direction by Drs. Mcßurney, Weir, McCosh and 
Hartley. This book was translated into French by Chipault, and published in Paris. It was also translated into German, and 
published in Vienna and Leipzig. It established the reputation of the author as the chief authority in America on brain locali- 
zation. The study of the microscopic anatomy of the nervous system had always attracted Dr. Starr, and, working with Dr. Learning on the application of photography to microscopic work, he produced in 1896 “An Atlas of Nerve Cells”—one of 
the first publications of the Columbia University Press—a work containing a very beautiful series of plates of cells stained by 
new methods and accompanied by a text giving the entire subject of brain anatomy from the modern standpoint. In 1903 
“Organic Nervous Diseases” was published, being the first half of a systematic textbook of Neurology. This was completed 
in 1906, when “Organic and Functional Nervous Diseases” appeared, a work which became at once a standard textbook, and 
has required a further edition in 1909. 
During all this time Dr. Starr has been a successful teacher of Neurology at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, the 
medical department of Columbia University. His lectures, illustrated by lantern exhibitions, cover the entire field of nervous 
diseases, and his clinics afford instruction both for students and for practitioners. The material at the Vanderbilt Clinic at his 
disposal is enormous, the Clinic being only exceeded in numbers by the clinics at the Salpetriere in Paris and at the Charite in 
Berlin. With the aid of a large corps of assistants, sixteen in number, this material is carefully handled and utilized for the 
study of Neurology, a large number of important papers on the subject having coming from the clinical assistants in the past 
twenty years, while the list of papers appended here shows the industry of the Professor. As a teacher. Prof. Starr is clear, ener- 
getic and earnest. He has the faculty of stimulating interest and making the subject entertaining as well as instructive. 
In addition to the literary contributions to Neurology, Prof. Starr has always taken a prominent part in medical societies, 
as shown by his membership, and has held office in almost every society in New York and America of which he has been a 
member. He is corresponding member of many societies abroad. His contributions to medical science have been recognized 
and endorsed by Princeton University, which in 1886 gave him the degree of Ph.D., and in 1899 gave him the degree of 
LL.D., and also by Columbia University, which in 1904 gave him the degree of Sc.D. 
Having inherited ample means. Prof. Starr has always lived in comfort, has a wide circle of acquaintance, entertains freely, 
has a large country place at Mt. Kisco, with a farm, and a fine city house in New York, filled with interesting and valuable 
collections of paintings and of art. He is interested in many charitable societies, in Middlebury College in Vermont, of which 
he is a trustee, and to which he has made generous gifts, and in the work of St. George’s Church, of which he is a member. He 
is a member of the University Club, the Century Association, the Princeton Club, and of the Ecwanok and Bedford Golf Clubs. 
He has travelled widely in Europe, Japan and China. He is generous of his money in charities, and of his time in the care of 
numerous poor patients, who always receive as courteous treatment as other classes. 
In 1898 Dr. Starr married Miss Alice Dunning, daughter of a distinguished lawyer of New York. They have two 
children, Allen Egbert, and Katharine Eunice. 
At the outset of his career, 1883, Dr. Starr was appointed Attending Physician at the New York Dispensary, which 
position he held for two years. At the same time he was Attending Physician at the New York Polyclinic, and from June 
of 1883 until May of 1888 he was also Professor of Nervous Diseases in this Institution, which is a post-graduate medical 
school. For three years he was Attending Physician at the Demilt Dispensary, and from 1894 to 1908, and 1896 to 1909, 
he was Consulting Physician of the New York Eye and Ear Infirmary and of St. Vincent’s Hospital respectively. He is at the 
present time Attending Physician in the “Nervous Department” of the Vanderbilt Clinic, and Consulting Physician of the Pres- 
byterian Hospital and of St. Mary’s Free Hospital for Children. 
With this remarkable record of activity and achievement. Dr. Starr has naturally become prominently identified with the 
leading professional societies. He is a Fellow of the New York Academy of Medicine, and was its vice-President from 1899 
until 1902. From 1892 to 1894 he was President of the New York Neurological Society, of which he is a member, and he 
was President of the American Neurological Association in 1897 and again in 1902. He is also a member of the Associa- 
tion of American Physicians. In 1890 he was appointed Honorary Secretary from the United States at the International Medi- 
cal Congress at Berlin. In 1894 he became a member of the New York Academy of Sciences, and of the American Academy 
of Science. In 1897 he was delegate from the American Neurological Association to the British Medical Association. Dr. 
Starr is also a corresponding member of the Societe de Neurologic de Paris, of the Neurological Society of London, of the 
Societe de Psychiatric de Paris, and of the German Neurological Association, and in 1909 he became president of the “Nervous 
Section” of the American Medical Association. 
Besides being Associate Editor of the “Psychological Review” and of the “Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease,” Dr. 
Starr is a most prolific writer of neurological and psychological works. He has written extensively for the leading professional 
periodicals, some of his essays being, “The Visual Area of the Brain” (“American Journal of Medical Science, January, 
1884); “Cortical Lesions of the Brain” (“American Journal of Medical Science,” April and July, 1884); The Sensory 
Tract in the Nervous System,” which was the prize essay of the Alumni Association of the College of Physicians and Sur- 
geons (“Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease,” July, 1884); “Localization of the Functions of the Spinal Cord ( Jour- 
nal of Neurology,” January, 1885); “Speech: Its Mental and Physical Aspects” (“The New Princeton Review, March, 
1886); Paramyoclomus Multiplex” (“Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease,” July, 1887); Syrurgo-myeha: Its Path- 
ology and Clinical Features” (“American Journal of Medical Science,” May, 1888); “Ophthalmoplegia Externa Partialis” (“Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease,” May, 1888); “Apraxia and Aphasia” (“New York Medical Record,” October 
27th, 1888; “Tumors of the Brain in Childhood” (“Medical News,” January 12th, 1889); “The Old and the New Phren- 
ology” (“Popular Science Monthly,” October, 1889); “Electricity in Relation to the Human Body” (“Scribner’s Magazine,” 
November, 1889); “The Relation between Peripheral Irritation and Nervous Phenomena” (“New York Medical Record,” 
January 4th, 1890); “Reflex Neuroses” (“Medical News,” March 22nd 1890); “Cerebral Atrophies of Childhood” (“New 
York Medical Record,” January 23rd, 1892) ; “Local Anaesthesia as a Guide in the Diagnosis of Lesions of the Lower Spinal 
Cord” (“American Journal of Medical Science,” July, 1892); “Localized Transient Oedema” (“New York Medical Jour- 
nal,” September 27th, 1892); “Myxoedema” (“New York Medical Record,” June 10th, 1893); “Memorial of Professor 
Charcot” (“Medical News,” October 14th, 1893); “The Localization of Muscular Sense” (“American Journal of Medical 
Science,” November, 1894); “Myxoedema” (“Medical News,” December 15th and 22nd, 1894); “Megalo-cephalie” 
(“American Journal of Medical Science,” December, 1894) ; “Some Curiosities of Thinking” (“Popular Science Monthly,” 
April, 1895); “Tumors of the Spinal Cord” (“American Journal of Medical Science,” June, 1895); “Brain Surgery with 
Reference to Brain Tumors” (“New York Medical Record,” January 21st, 1896); “Exophthalmic Goitre” (“Medical News,” 
April 18th, 1896); “The Diagnosis of Cerebral Abscess” (Report of New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, January, 1897); 
“Transmission of Sensations through the Spinal Cord” (“Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease,” August, 1897); “Tumor 
of the Left Temporal Region, Removal” (“Medical News,” August 7th, 1897); “Unusual Forms of Apoplectic Attack” 
(“New York Medical Record,” November 13th, 1897); “Brain Tumors and their Removal” (“Montreal Medical Journal,” 
November, 1897) ; “Toxic Origin of Neurasthenia and Melancholia” (“New York Medical Record,” May, 1901); “The 
Causation of Multiple Neuritis ( Medical News,” January 25th, 1902); “Arterial Sclerosis as a Cause of Nervous Dis- 
ease” (“New York Medical Record, July, 1903); “The Results of Surgical Treatment of Brain Tumors” (“Journal of 
Nervous and Mental Disease,” April, 1904); ‘ls Epilepsy a Functional Disease?” (“Journal of Nervous and Medical Dis- 
ease,” March, 1904) ; “Intracranial Lesions as a Sequelae of Otitis Media” (“New York Medical Record,” March 10th, 
1906); “Cerebellar Apoplexy” ( New York Medical Record,” May 12th, 1906); “Present Status of Brain Surgery” 
(“Journal of American Medical Association, September 12th, 1906); “Medical Education in New York” (“Columbia Uni- 
versity Quarterly,” January, 1907); “Recent Discoveries in Medicine” (“Harper’s Monthly Magazine,” July, 1908); “The 
Duties ..of the Medical Profession to the Public ( New York Medical Record,” October 10th, 1908); “Epidemic Infan- 
tile Paralysis” (“Journal American Medical Association,’ July 11th, 1908); “Vaso-Motor and Trophic Neuroses” (“Jour- 
nal American Medical Association, July 17th, 1909); “Cerebellar Tumors and Their Removal” (“American Journal of 
Medical Science,” April, 1910). 
In addition to these important works, he has contributed the following articles to the advancement of science: “Diagnosis 
of Local Lesions in the Brain, Pons and Medulla, and Cord” (in Vol. 11, Vol. 111, in Vol. VI, “Reference Handbook of 
Medical Science,” Wm. Wood & Co., New York, 1885); “Multiple Neuritis” (“The Middleton Goldsmith Lectures of the 
New York Path. Society,” pp. 93, Wm. Wood & Co., 1887); “Aphasia” (“Transactions of the Congress of American Phy- 
sicians and Surgeons,” Vol. I, pp. 329-337) ; “The Pathology of Sensory Aphasia” (“Brain,” Vol. XII, pp. 82-99, January, 
1889); “Intracranial Tumors” (“Cyclopaedia of Children’s Diseases,” Vol. IV, Lippincott & Co., Philadelphia, 1890); 
“Familiar Forms of Nervous Disease” (pp. 339, Wm. Wood & Co., Ist edition in 1890 and 2nd in 1891); “Chorea” 
(“American Textbook of Diseases of Children,”( W. B. Saunders, 1893;) “Brain Surgery,” (pp. 295, Wm. Wood & Co., 
New York, 1893); “Tumors of the Brain” (“Dercum’s System of Nervous Diseases,” Lea Bros. & Co., Philadelphia); 
“Local Anaesthesia as a Guide in the Diagnosis of Lesions of the Upper Portion of the Spinal Cord’ (“Brain,” April, 1894); 
La Chirurgie de I’Encephale” (G. Steinheil, Paris, 1895); “Hirnchirurgie” (F. Deutike, Leipzig, and Vienna, 1895); “Atlas 
of Nerve Cells” (MacMillan Company, 1896); “Cretinism and Myxoedema” (“American System of Medicine,” Vol, V, 
Lea Bros., 1897); “Lectures on Diseases of the Mind” (Publisher’s Printing Company, 1897); “Diagnosis and Localization 
of Spinal Cord Diseases” (“American System of Practical Medicine,” Vol. IV, Lea Bros., Philadelphia, 1898); “Poliomye- 
litis Anterior” (“American System of Practical Medicine,” Vol. IV, Lea Bros., Philadelphia, 1898); “Anterior Poliomyelitis 
Acuta” and “Syringomeyelitis” (“Allbutt’s System of Medicine,” MacMillan Company, London, 1898); “Organic Nervous 
Diseases” (pp. 751, Lea Bros. & Co., Philadelphia, 1903); “Organic and Functional Nervous Diseases” (pp. 815, Lea 
Bros. & Co., 1906, 2nd Edition); “Nervous Diseases, Organic and Functional” (pp. 911, Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, 
3rd Edition, 1909). 
Dr. Starr was selected as the Middleton Goldsmith Lecturer of the Pathological Society of New York in 1887. and in 
1892 he became the Willard Parker Lecturer. Berlin Pub. Co. N. Y 
Photo by Rochlitz WILLIAM GILMAN THOMPSON 
Professor of Medicine 
Cornell University Medical College 
New York City 
R- WILLIAM GILMAN THOMPSON, the son of Elizabeth Coit Gilman and Joseph Parrish Thompson, a clergy- 
man, noted author and orator, was born in New York City, December 25th, 1856. 
Dr. Thompson prepared for college in the schools of New York City, and at the Karlsruhe Polytechnicum in 
Germany, where he spent the year of 1873-1874, and matriculated upon his return to the United States at the Yale 
University Sheffield Scientific School, from which he was graduated in 1877. 
After a year in the College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York, Dr. Thompson went abroad in 1879 to continue 
the study of medicine, and studied for one year at the Berlin University and at Kings College, London, where he came under 
the instruction of Professors Virchow, von Langenbeck, von Leyden, Senator, and Sir Joseph Lister. After studying in the 
clinics of Berlin, London, and New York, he was graduated in medicine from the College of Physicians and Surgeons of New 
York City in 1881. Until 1883 he served as Interne in the New York and State Emigrant Hospitals, and since then has been 
engaged in active private practice, consisting of a large consulting practice in general medicine, and in teaching. 
Formerly Dr. Thompson was Assistant Visiting Physician to the New York Cancer Hospital, and Visiting Physician to 
the New York Hospital, and Bloomingdale Asylum, and at present is Visiting Physician to Bellevue and Presbyterian Hospitals, 
and Consulting Physician to the New York State Woman’s Hospital; New York State Hospital for the Ruptured and Crip- 
pled; Nassau Hospital; Lawrence Hospital, and the Northern Dispensary. 
In 1887 Dr. Thompson was appointed to the Chair of Physiology in the New York University Medical College, and held 
this position for nine years when in 1896 he received the appointment of Professor of Therapeutics and Materia Medica in the 
same College, In 1 898 he accepted the Chair of Medicine in Cornell University Medical College, and for the last twelve years 
has continued in that office. He has devoted much time to original experiments in Physiology and Clinical Medicine. 
Dr. Thompson is a member of the Board of Managers of the New York Botanical Garden, and of the Council on Medical 
Education of the American Medical Association. He interests himself strongly in professional organizations, and has always 
taken a prominent part in them. He is a member of the following organizations: Association of American Physicians; American 
Medical Association; New York State Medical Association; New York County Medical Association; New York Practitioners’ 
Society; New York Clinical Society; New York Medical and Surgical Society; Associations of the Alumni of the Presbyterian, 
New York, and Bellevue Hospitals; New York Academy of Medicine (of which he was a former Vice-President and is at pres- 
ent a Trustee) ; Century Association, and University Club, 
As an author on professional subjects Dr. Thompson is well known. Besides many medical society addresses, college lec- 
tures, and so forth, he has written clinical papers on such topics as Typhoid Fever, Pneumonia, Gastric Ulcer, Carcinoma, 
Exophthalmic Goitre, Septic-endocarditis and Pernicious Anemia; articles on medical education, training of nurses, and hospital 
construction; also papers on Experimental Physiology, including “Brain-grafting,” the “Use of Mechanical Models in Teaching 
Physiology” and “Instantaneous Photographs of the Heart in Motion.” He is the author of “Training Schools for Nurses,” 
1883; “Practical Medicine,” 1900, and “Practical Dietetics,” which went through four editions, the latest in 1909; Editor of 
the “Loomis-Thompson System of Practical Medicine,” 1898, and a contributor to Wood’s “Reference Handbook of the Med- 
ical Sciences,” and Pepper’s “An American Textbook of the Theory and Practice of Medicine.” 
He is a member of the Medical Reserve Corps of the United States Army Berlin Pub. Co. N. Y. 
Photo by Rockwood WILLIAM HANNA THOMSON 
Formerly Professor of the Practice of Medicine 
New York University Medical College 
New York City 
ILLIAM HANNA THOMSON, M. D., LL. D., was born in Beyrout, Syria, November Ist, 1833, the son of 
It M Wb Rev. W. M. Thomson, D. D., and Eliza Hanna, both missionaries. 
|||| jg He was educated in Syria, where he made an exhaustive study of the Arabic literature and at Wabash Col- 
lege, Indiana, which conferred the degrees of Bachelor of Arts and Master of Arts upon him. His medical 
studies were pursued in the Albany Medical College, from which he was graduated in 1839 with the medical degree. He 
subsequently received the Honorary Degrees of Master of Arts from Yale University and that of Doctor of Laws from New 
York University. 
Dr. Thomson is ex-President of the New York Academy of Medicine, and member of many other professional societies, 
among them the Association of American Physicians, Washington, and the Harvey Society, New York. 
He was Professor of Practice of Medicine in the New York University Medical College, but still continues to maintain 
a private and consulting practice which is extensive, and is engaged in hospital duties. 
Dr. Thomson is the author of numerous scientific books and articles. Among them are: “Brain and Personality,” “What 
is Physical Life.” and “Some Wonders of Biology.” Berlin Pixb. Co. N.Y 
Photo by Hoi linger JAMES TYSON 
Professor of Medicine 
University of Pennsylvania 
Philadelphia 
AMES TYSON. M.D., the son of Henry Tyson, a physician, and Gertrude Haviland Caswell Tyson, was born 
in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on October 26th, 1841. During his earlier years his parents lived successively in 
Philadelphia, in Reading, Pa., Worcester, Montgomery County, Pa., which was the family home, and finally in 
Reading, where his education definitely began. He attended public and private schools until fourteen years of age, 
when he came to Philadelphia, and entered the Friends’ Central School, where he prepared for Haver ford Col- 
lege. In September, 1857, he joined the Sophomore Class of this College, and was graduated with the Baccalaureate Degree in 
July, 1860, subsequently receiving the honorary degrees of Master of Arts in 1864, and that of Doctor of Laws in October, 
1908. 
In October, 1860, Dr. Tyson matriculated at the Medical Department of the University of Pennsylvania, and three years 
later, March, 1863, was graduated with the medical degree. While a student here, he became an acting medical cadet in the 
United States Army, and was stationed at the United States Army General Hospital at Broad and Cherry Streets, Phila- 
delphia. After graduation, he remained in the service of the Government as Acting Assistant Surgeon in Philadelphia and Har- 
risburg during the Gettysburg Campaign, until July, 1863, when he was elected Resident Physician to the Pennsylvania Hospital 
where he resided until April, 1864. In this year he engaged in the practice of medicine in Philadelphia, re-entering also the 
Governmental service until the close of the Civil War in 1865. 
In the early fall of 1864, Dr. Tyson was sent to Winchester, Virginia, during the campaigns in the Valley of Virginia, 
and on returning to Philadelphia he began the teaching of medicine in the University of Pennsylvania, first to private classes, 
and in 1868 became Lecturer on Microscopy, and in 1870 Lecturer on Urinary Chemistry. In 1876 he was elected to the 
Chair of General Pathology and Morbid Anatomy; from 1889 to 1899 he was Professor of Clinical Medicine, and since 
1899 has been Professor of Medicine. For more than twenty-five years he was one of the physicians to the Philadelphia Hos- 
pital, and has been since December, 1902, one of the physicians to the Pennsylvania Hospital. 
In addition to the duties incident to the many appointments he has received. Dr. Tyson has practiced medicine, and has 
found time in the course of years to write the treatises mentioned below, together with numerous papers on what is now termed 
internal medicine, and to take an active part in many professional organizations. While continuing active hospital work, his private 
practice is mainly consulting. 
He is a member of the American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia; College of Physicians of Philadelphia, of which he 
was Vice-President from 1904 to 1907, and President from 1907 to 1910; one of the founders of the Association of American Phy- 
sicians, of which he was Secretary at its foundation in 1886, and President in 1908; of the American Medical Association and 
of many others. 
Dr. Tyson is the author of numerous volumes on medical subjects, including a text book of Practice of Medicine; also of 
many papers and Medical and Collateral subjects. 
The books include: 
“Practice of Medicine,” sth edition, 1909; 
“Bright’s Disease and Diabetes,” 2nd Edition, 1906; 
“Practical Examination of Urine,” 10th edition, 1902; 
“Physical Diagnosis,” sth edition, 1902; and 
“Cell Doctrine,” second edition, 1878. Berlin Pub.Co. N.Y. 
Photo by Haeseler VICTOR CLARENCE VAUGHAN 
Professor of Hygiene and Physiological Chemistry 
University of Michigan 
Ann Arbor 
ICTOR CLARENCE VAUGHAN, M.D., Sc.D., LL.D., Ph.D,, was born at Mt. Airy, Randolph County, Mis- 
sour* *n the son of Adeline Dameron and John Vaughan, a farmer. 
ySy Dr. Vaughan was born and reared on a farm in Missouri, and his early instruction was acquired in a small pri- 
vate school there. This was continued at Central College and later at Mt. Pleasant College, where he obtained the 
Bachelor’s degree at the age of twenty. He afterwards taught Latin in this school for two years, and in 1874 entered the Uni- 
versity of Michigan, taking in the following year the degree of Master of Science, in 1876 that of Doctor of Philosophy, and 
in 1878 graduating in medicine. 
In 1876, he had been appointed Instructor in the University of Michigan, and he was subsequently advanced to As- 
sistant Professor and then to full Professor. In 1891 he became Dean of the Department of Medicine and Surgery. He was 
first appointed a member of the Michigan State Board of Health in 1883, and with the exception of a few years has served 
on this Board to the present time. He served as Surgeon in the Spanish-American War, and was present at the Battle of San- 
tiago, later becoming a member of the Typhoid Commission, the other members of which were Reed and Shakespeare. 
Dr. Vaughan’s contributions to medical science have been recognized and endorsed by the University of Illinois, which be- 
stowed upon him the honorary degree of M.D., the University of Western Pennsylvania, which conferred upon him the honorary 
degree of Sc.D., and the University of Michigan, from which he received the degree of LL.D. He has been elected honorary 
member of the French and Hungarian Societies of Hygiene, and of the New York Academy of Medicine. He was recommended 
by President McKinley for Brevet Colonel for service in the field. 
He is a member of the local and State Medical Societies (at one time President of the latter), of the American Medical 
Association, of the Association of American Physicians, of which he is ex-President, of the American Society of Physiologists, 
Society of Biological Chemists, American Therapeutical Society, Society of Pathologists and Bacteriologists, National Association 
for the Prevention and Restriction of Tuberculosis, of the American Philosophical Society, and President of the Michigan State 
Anti-Tuberculosis Society. 
Among the numerous articles which Dr. Vaughan has written are: “Separation of Arsenic from Antimony and Tin,” which 
was the thesis for the Master’s degree; “Osteology and Myology of the Domestic Fowl,” thesis for the Doctor’s degree; “Text- 
Book of Physiological and Pathological Chemistry,” which went through three editions; “Ptomaines and Leucomaines,” also 
“Cellular Toxins,” in collaboration with Dr. Novy. He is the joint author with Reed and Shakespeare and editor of “Report 
on Typhoid Fever in the United States Army in 1898,” “The Religion of Science,” “The Evolution of the Superman,” “The 
Future of the Medical Profession,” etc. The list of scientific contributions to American and foreign journals contains more than 
one hundred titles. The more important of these deal with the chemistry of bacteria, and their split products, the poisonous group 
in the protein molecule, and the physiological effects of these. Dr. Vaughan regards the following as his more important contribu- 
tions to science: (1) The demonstration that poisons introduced into the dead body diffuse throughout the tissue. For many 
years this was a matter of dispute, and his studies certainly were among the first to positively determine the facts. (2) The detec- 
tion of a chemically active body in poisonous milk and its products, such as cheese, ice cream, etc. (3) The discovery, made with 
Wheeler, of a poisonous group in the protein molecule. 
In 1877, Dr. Vaughan married Dora C. Taylor. They have five sons, Dr. Victor C. Vaughan, Jr., Dr. J. Waltei 
Vaughan, Dr. Herbert H. Vaughan and Henry F., and WarrenT. Vaughan. Berlin Pub.Co. N.Y. 
Photo by Rentschler WILLIAM HENRY WELCH 
Baxley Professor of Pathology 
Johns Hopkins University 
Baltimore, Maryland 
ILLIAM HENRY WELCH, M. D., LL. D., was born in Norfolk, Connecticut, April Bth, 1850. He is the 
wR son of William Wickham and Emeline Collin Welch. 
ten Having completed academic studies in 1870, when he was graduated with the Bachelor’s degree from Yale 
University, Dr. Welch undertook the study of medicine at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, the medical 
department of Columbia University, New York City, and was graduated in 1873. He then pursued post-graduate studies 
at the Universities of Strassburg, Leipzig, Breslau, and Berlin from 1876 to 1878, and again during 1884-1885. He has 
received the Honorary Degree of Doctor of Medicine from the University of Pennsylvania, and that of Doctor of Laws from 
Western Reserve, 1894, as also from Harvard University in 1900, Toronto, 1903, Columbia, 1904, and from Jefferson 
Medical College in 1897. 
From 1879 to 1884, Dr. Welch was Professor of Pathology, Anatomy, and General Pathology at the Bellevue Hospital 
Medical College, N. Y., and has been since 1884 Baxley Professor of Pathology at the Johns Hopkins University in Balti- 
more, Maryland, in which Institution he was Dean of the Medical Faculty from 1893 to 1898, He has also been connected 
with the Johns Hopkins Hospital in the capacity of Pathologist since 1899. 
Dr. Welch has been President of the Maryland State Board of Health since 1898; President of the Board of Directors 
of the Rockefeller Institution for Medical Research since 1901 ; Trustee of the Carnegie Institution since 1906, and was Huxley 
Lecturer of the Charing Cross Hospital Medical School in London, England, during 1902; President of the Congress of 
American Physicians and Surgeons, 1897; Association of American Physicians, 1901; A. A. A. S., 1906-7; and is at 
present, 1911, President of the American Medical Association. 
He is Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of Medicine, London; Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and 
Sciences; College of Physicians in Philadelphia; Medical and Chirurgical Faculty of Maryland, of which he was President in 
1891-2; and he is member of the National Academy of Sciences and the American Philosophical Society. Outside of the 
scientific organizations to which he belongs, he is member of the University Club, of Baltimore, Maryland, and of the University 
Club of New York City. 
Dr. Welch’s contributions to medical science have secured to him an important place among the foremost pathologists 
of the time and his authority in this field is universally recognized. Among the most important of his writings are: “General 
Pathology of Fever,” 1888; “The Biology of Bacteria, Infection and Immunity,” 1894; “Bacteriology of Surgical Infections,” 
1895; “Thrombosis and Embolism,” 1899. He has also written numerous papers on pathological and bacteriological subjects, 
and delivered many addresses. Berlin Pab, Co. N.Y 
Photo by Hoi li nger WILLIAM HOLLAND WILMER 
Ophthalmologist 
Washington, D. C. 
H* ILLIAM HOLLAND WILMER, M.D., was born in Powhatan County, Virginia, August 26, 1863, son of 
i Rt. Rev. Richard H. and Margaret (Brown) Wilmer. 
«O.i *2 On both sides of his family he is descended from early English settlers in the colonies of Virginia and Mary- 
land. His father was for thirty-eight years Bishop of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the Diocese of Alabama, 
and his mother was a daughter of Gen. Alexander Brown and granddaughter of Robert Rives of Albemarle County, Virginia. 
Bishop Wilmer’s father. Rev. William Holland Wilmer, D, D,, was the first pastor of St. John’s Church, Washington, D. C,, 
and one of the founders of the Theological Seminary near Alexandria, Va.; he was for many years President of the House of 
Deputies of the General Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States and was President of William 
and Mary College. 
Dr. Wilmer received his education at the Episcopal High School, near Alexandria, Va., from which he entered the 
University of Virginia, and after a course in the Academic and Medical Departments was graduated with the degree of M. D. 
in 1885. 
Upon leaving the University he entered Mt, Sinai Hospital in New York City, where he remained for eighteen months, 
devoting himself to the special course which he proposed to make his life work. He then began the practice of his profession in 
that city as Assistant to Dr. Emil Gruening, and lectured on Ophthalmology at the New York Polyclinic during 1 887-1 889. 
Under Dr. Agnew he also had charge of one of the Ophthalmological Clinics of the Outdoor Department of Bellevue Hospital. 
In 1889 Dr, Wilmer removed to Washington, D. C., and began the practice of his specialty, gaining the reputation of one 
of the most successful Physicians and Surgeons in the country. He has written upon the subject of his specialty, and is most highly 
regarded by eminent authorities both at home and abroad. 
Dr. Wilmer was one of the founders of the Episcopal Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital of Washington, and is Attending 
Ophthalmologist to that institution, as well as to the Emergency Hospital and the Georgetown University Hospital, He is 
Professor of Ophthalmology in the Medical Department of the University of Georgetown. 
He is a member of the Medical Society of the District of Columbia, the Society of Ophthalmologists and Otologists 
of Washington, D. C,, the American Medical Association, the American Ophthalmological Society, the Mt. Sinai Hospital 
Alumni, and First Lieutenant in the Medical Reserve Corps U. S. A. He is an hereditary member of the Society of the Cin- 
cinnati, and a member of the Metropolitan Club, Cosmos Club, Chevy Chase Club, Washington Riding Club and the Blue 
Ridge Hunt Club. 
Dr. Wilmer was married in 1891 to Miss Re Lewis Smith, daughter of James M. Smith of Washington, Pa., and has 
three children: Richard H., Rebekah and William H. Wilmer, Jr. JAMES CORNELIUS WILSON 
Professor of the Practice of Medicine and of Clinical Medicine 
Jefferson Medical College 
Philadelphia, Pa 
CORNELIUS WILSON, A.M., M.D., eldest son of Ellwood Wilson and Hannah Paul (Shallcrops) 
|p|SpH i| Wilson, was born in Philadelphia, March 25th, 184/. His father was a distinguished physician, greatly inter- 
ested in the profession of medicine as an organization, and, in association with Dr. Joseph Warrington, was one of 
the supporters of the Philadelphia Lying-in Charity and Nurses’ Home, the first institution in America in which stu- 
dents received practical bedside instruction in midwifery and in which women were systematically trained in the art of nursing. 
Dr. J. C. Wilson s early education was acquired in the Friends’ Central School and a small private school conducted 
by the Reverend Dr. Malin. Later he passed some time in the Phillips Academy at Exeter, N. H., and entered Yale Col- 
lege in the autumn of 1 863 as a freshman. His health not being very good he withdrew from Yale, but later entered Prince- 
ton College, ‘from which he was graduated in 1867, receiving the degree A.M. in course three years later. The same year 
he entered upon the study of medicine in the Jefferson College, becoming the first office student of Dr. W. W. Keen. From 
this institution he was graduated with credit in 1869. He then served a term as Resident Physician in the Wills Eye Hos- 
pital, and, after leaving that institution, in the Pennsylvania Hospital. He subsequently spent a year in Vienna, occupying himself 
chiefly with anatomy, pathological anatomy and clinical medicine. Upon his return to Philadelphia he at once became identified 
with the department of medicine and clinical medicine in the Jefferson College and served for several years as Chief Clinical 
Assistant to Professor J. M. Da Costa. He also occupied from time to time various positions upon the junior teaching staff 
until 1891, when he was chosen to fill, as a member of the Faculty, the chair of Practice of Medicine and Clinical Medicine, 
made vacant by the resignation of his distinguished friend and master in medicine. Da Costa. Meanwhile Dr. Wilson had 
achieved a high degree of success as a practitioner and consultant and he had been honored by a number of appointments upon 
the staffs of general hospitals in Philadelphia. Among these are the Jefferson Hospital, 1876; Philadelphia General Hos- 
pital, 1876, resigned 1889; St. Agnes, 1889, resigned the following year; German Hospital, 1889, became Physician-in- 
Chief in 1898; and Pennsylvania Hospital, 1895. He was Medical Director of the Jefferson Hospital, 1894-6. He is 
consulting physician to the Rush Hospital for Consumptives, the Jewish Hospital, the Bryn Mawr Hospital, the American Hos- 
pital for Diseases of the Stomach, the Widener Memorial Home for Crippled Children, the Physicians and Surgeons’ Hospi- 
tal in Wilmington, Delaware, and the Physicians’ Hospital in Vineland, New Jersey. Dr. Wilson has always taken a deep 
interest in the medical profession as an organized body and early became a member of many local and national societies. He 
has been President of the Philadelphia Pathological Society, Philadelphia County Medical Society, American Academy of 
Medicine, Association of American Physicians, the American Climatological Association, the American Therapeutic Society, and 
Vice-President of the American Pediatric Society. He is an active member of the Medical Society of Pennsylvania and the 
American Medical Association, and has for many years been deeply interested in the College of Physicians of Philadelphia. 
The following list of his publications is arranged in the order of their appearance 
1878. 
Heart showing Anomalous Arrangement of the Leaflets of the Pulmonary Valve, these being four in number, Trans. Path. 
Soc., Phila., 1878, VII, p. 57, 
Carcinoma of Stomach, causing Constriction four inches above the Pylorus, with corresponding Constriction of the Transverse 
Colon; scattered secondary growths in Liver, Omentum and Mesentery, Trans. Path. Soc., Phila., 1878, VII, p. 36. 
Intra-capsular Fracture of Femur—Thrombosis of left Femoral Vein extending to Vena Cava, Trans. Path. Soc., Phila., 1878, 
VII, pp. 11-14. Myoma of Uterus, Trans. Path. Soc., Phila., 1878, VII, pp. 113-115. 
1879. 
A Case of Torsion of the Ileum, Am. J. M. Sci., Phila., 1879, n. s., LXXVIII, pp. 78-84. 
The Summer and Its Diseases, 160 pp., Phila. 
Exophthalmic Goiter, Phila. Med. Times, 1878-1879, IX, pp. 6-21. 
A Case of Recurrent Pleurisy, Phila. Med. Times, 1879-1880, X, pp. 62-64. 
Locomotor Ataxia, Phila. Med. Times, 1879-1880, X, p. 7. 
Yerba Santa; Observations on its Therapeutic Value in the Treatment of Catarrhal Affections of the Upper Air Passages, 
Med. and Surg. Reporter, Phila., 1879, XLI, p. 377. 
1880. 
Carcinoma of Pyloric Extremity of the Stomach, Phila. Med. Times, 1880, X, p. 260. 
1881. 
On Typical Typhoid Fever; a Clinical Lecture, Med. News and Abstr., Phila., 1881, XXXIV, pp. 387-392 
A Treatise on the Continued Fevers (with Introduction by J. M. Da Costa), XVIII, 365 pp. 
Ihe Influences that Predispose to Pulmonary Consumption, Phila. Med. Times, 1881-1882, XII, pp. 277-280. 
1882. 
Two Cases of Cerebro-spinal Fever, with Remarks on the Etiology, Diagnosis and Treatment, Med. News, Phila., 1882, XLI, 
pp. 624-626; also Phila. Med. Times. 1882-1883. XIII, pp. 88-91. 
1883. 
On the Importance of the Thorough Disinfection of the Stools in Enteric Fever, Am. J. M. Sci., Phila., n. s., LXXXV, pp. 
344-358. 
Observations on the Management of Enteric Fever according to a Plan based upon the so-called Specific Treatment, 13 pp, 
reprinted from Tr. Col. Phys., Phila. 
Specimens of Membraniform Exudation obtained from a Case of Purulent Pleural Effusion, Phila. Med. Times, 1882-1883 
XIII, p. 534. 
Observations on the Management of Enteric Fever according to a Plan based upon the so-called Specific Treatment, Chicago 
M. J. and Exam., 1883, XLVI, pp. 167-171; also Tr. Coll. Phys.. Phila., 1881-1883, 38, VI, pp. 221-234. 
Treatment of Purulent Pleural Effusion, Tr. M. Soc. Pa., Phila., 1883, XV, pp. 218-225. 
Note on Paraldehyde as a Hypnotic, Maryland M. J., Balt., 1883-1884, X, p. 568; also, Cincinnati Lancet and Clinic, 
1883, n. s., XI, p. 531 ; also Polyclinic, Phila., 1883, I, p. 90. 
A Further Note on the Specific Treatment of Enteric Fever, N. Y. M. J., 1884, XXXIX, p. 254; also Coll, and Clin 
Rec., Phila., 1884, V, p. 59. 
On the Diagnosis of Tumors of the Anterior Mediastinum, J. Am. M. Ass’n, Chicago, 1884, 111, pp. 113-116. 
Note on Hydrargyrum Formamidum, Pro. Phila. Co. M. Soc. Phila. 1883-1884, VI, p. 52. 
1885. 
Nervous Symptoms of Enteric Fever, Phila. Med. Times, 1884-1885, XV, pp. 577-581. 
Floating Kidney, Med. News, Phila., 1885, XLVII, p. 57; also in Coll, and Clin. Rec., Phila., 1885, V, pp. 147-149. 
Myalgia, Phila. Med. Times, 1885-1886, XVI, pp. 119-123. 
Remarks on the Climate ol Florida. Repr. from N. Y. M. J., 1885, XIII. 
1886. 
Remarks on the Classification of the Varous Forms of Alcoholism; a Brief Study in Nosology, Polyclinic, Phila., 1885-1886, 
111, p. 84. 
Aneurism of the Ascending Aorta, perforating Chest Wall, and forming an enormous external pulsating Tumor in the right Pec- 
toral Region; 1 reatment by Electrolysis, followed by arrest of growth; Death; Necropsy, Am. J. M. Soc., Phila., 1886. 
n. s., XCI, pp. 162-168; also J. Pro. Path. Soc., Phila., 1886, I, pp. 9-12. 
Remarks upon the Climate Treatment of Pulmonary Consumption, Phila. M. Times, 1885-1886, XVI, pp. 232-237. 
Preliminary Note on Adonidine, Med. News, Phila., 1886, XLVIII, p. 8. Alcoholism, Syst. Prac. Med. (Pepper), Phila., 1886, V, pp. 573-646. 
The Opium Habit and Kindred Affections, Syst. Prac. Med. (Pepper), Phila., 1886, V, pp. 647-677, 
Chronic Lead Poisoning, Syst. Prac. Med. (Pepper), Phila., 1886, V, pp. 678-692, 
Myalgia, Syst. Prac. Med. (Pepper), Phila., 1886, IV, pp. 529-539. 
1887. 
A Case of Peritonitis in Enteric Fever, Terminating in Recovery, Phila. Med. Times, 1886-1887, XVII, p. 175. 
Enteric Fever in a Girl at the Age of Puberty; Death at the end of First Week from Inter-current Fulminant Peritonitis 
of Pelvic Origin, Arch. Pediat., Phila., 1887, IV, pp. 391-396. 
Note on Antipyrin in the Treatment of Sciatica, Phila. Med. Times, 1887-1888, XVIII, pp. 46-48. 
1888. 
Practical Lessons in Nursing. Fever Nursing; designed for the Use of Professional and other Nurses, and especially as a Text 
book for Nurses in Training, Phila., 1888, Ist ed,; 1910, 6th ed., 259 pp. 
The Treatment of Enteric Fever, Coll, and Clin. Rec., Phila., 1888, IX, pp. 27-32. 
Note on Antipyrin as an Analgesic, J. Neu. and Ment. Dis., N. Y., 1888, XIII, pp. 40-43. 
Note on the Treatment of Syphilis by the Hypodermatic injection of Calomel, Med. News, Phila., 1888, LIII, pp. 593-598. 
The Morphia Habit, Coll, and Clin. Rec.. Phila., 1888, IX, pp. 105-109. 
Preliminary Note on Sulphonal as a Hypnotic, Med. and Surg. Reporter, Phila., 1888, LVIII, p. 738 (with R. Hutchinson 
as joint writer). 
Climate and Bright’s Disease, Med. and Surg. Reporter, Phila., 1888, LIX, pp. 422-424; also in Tr. Am. Climat. Ass’n, 
1888, V, pp. 109-113. 
Causal Therapeutics in the Infectious Diseases, 16 pp. Reprint from Therap. Gaz., Detroit, 1888, 35., IV, pp. 728-734 
also in Tr. Ass. Am. Phys., Phila., 1888, 111, pp. 109-121. 
The Causes and Prevention of the Opium Habit and Kindred Affections, Coll, and Clin. Rec,, Phila., 1888, IX, pp. 285- 
290; also in Maryland Med. J., Balt., 1888-1889, XX, pp. 101-106. 
1889. 
A Case of Melano-sarcoma, Univ. M. Mag., Phila., 1888-1889, I, p. 370. 
Remarks upon the Treatment of the Opium Habit and Kindred Affections, Med. and Surg. Reporter, Phila., 1889, LX 
pp. 564-569. 
Remarks upon the Treatment of Pulmonary Phthisis, Med. News, Phila., 1889, LV, pp. 234-236; also in Tr. Am. Cli- 
mat. Ass’n, Phila., VI, pp, 132-138. 
The Etiology and Prophylaxis of Tuberculous Diseases, 16 pp. Repr. from Med. News, Phila., 1889, LV. 
Pulsating Empyema, Report of a Case, 8 pp. Repr. from Tr. Phila. Co. Med. Soc,, 1889, X. 
1890. 
On the Treatment of Scarlet Fever by Chloral Hydrate, Med. News, Phila., 1889, LV, pp. 654-656. 
The Prophylaxis of Tuberculosis, J. A. M. Ass’n, Chicago, 1890, XIX, pp. 397-405. 
The Treatment of Enteric Fever with special reference to the Method of Brand, 20 pp. Repr. from Med, News, Phila 
1890, LVII. 
1891. 
The Treatment of Pneumonia, Med. News, Phila., 1890, LVII, pp. 647-650. 
An Anomalous Case of Measles, Med. and Surg. Reporter, Phila., 1891, LXIV, p. 64. 
Revision of Austin Flint’s Work; a Manual of Auscultation and Percussion, embracing the Physical Diagnosis of Disease 
of the Lungs and Heart, and of Thoracic Aneurism, sth ed., 268 pp., 1890. 
Caries of Costal Cartilage following Enteric Fever, Persistence of Sinus after Operation; Treatment by Methyl-violet; Cure. 
M, and Surg. Reporter, Phila., 1891, LXIV, p. 733. 
1892. 
The Treatment of Enteric Fever by Systematic Cold Bathing in accordance with the Method of Brand, Internal. Clin., Phila., 
1891, 11. pp. 19-32. A Further Report in regard to the Treatment of Enteric or Typhoid Fever by means of Systematic Cold Bathing in the Ger 
man Hospital, Phila., 12 pp. Repr. from Med. News, Phila., 1892, LXI. 
1893. 
Pulsating Pleural Effusion, Med. News, Phila., 1893, LXIII, 57-61; also Tr. Ass’n Am. Physicians, Phila., 1893, VIII 
195-212. 
Report of a Fifth Series of Cases of Enteric or Typhoid Fever treated by Systematic Cold Bathing in the German Hospital. 
Phila., Med. News, Phila., 1893, LXIII. PP. 595-597. 
1894. 
A Case of Malignant Measles, Med. News, Phila., 1894, LXV, pp. 57-61. 
1895. 
The Treatment of Enteric Fever, Internat. Clin., Phila., 1895, 55., 111, pp. 7-9. 
A Case of Symmetrical Gangrene of the Face and Sacral Region following Scarlet Fever, Arch. Pediat., N. Y 1895 XII 
pp. 678-688. 
1896. 
The Treatment of Enteric Fever by Systematic Cold Bathing in the Pennsylvania Flospital, Phila; Notes based upon Sev- 
enty-one Cases observed during a Service of Three Months Ending November Ist, 1895, Med. News, Phila 1895 
LXVII, pp. 598-601, 
Symptomatic Disorders, in Text-Book “Nervous Dis. Am. Authors” (Dercum), Phila., 1895, pp 927-956 
One of the Authors of “Fevers” (including general considerations of Typhoid, Yellow Fever, Variola, Relapsing Fever, 
Dengue, Miliary Fever, Mountain Fever), by J. C. Wilson and others, Phila., 1895, 610 pp., 5 pi. 
Note on a Case of Chronic Progressive Chorea, J. Neu. and Ment. Dis., N. Y., 1896, XXIII, pp. 108-111 
The Best Method to Teach Practice of Medicine, Bull. Am. Acad. M., Easton, Pa., 1895-1896. 11, pp. 561-563 
The Treatment of Croupous Pneumonia, Cleveland J. M., 1896, I, pp. 303-313. 
American Text-book of Applied Therapeutics for the Use of Practitioners and Students, Edited by J. C. Wilson, assisted 
by A. A. Eshner, Phila., 1896, 1,326 pp., 12 pi, W. B. Saunders & Co. 
1897. 
Influenza in Syst. Prac. Med. (Loomis), N. Y. and Phila., 1897, I, pp. 399-424. 
Enteric or Typhoid Fever, Syst. Prac. Med. (Loomis), N. Y. and Phila., 1897, I, pp. 167-231 
Aneurism of the Descending Portion of the Thoracic Aorta, Internal. Clinic., Phila., 1897, 65., IV, pp. 107-115, 1 pi 
Modern Treatment of Diphtheria, Med. Age, Detroit, 1897, XV, pp. 257-259. 
Modern Medical Education, Bull. Am. Acad. M., Easton, Pa., 1897, 111, pp. MO. 
Nervous Deafness in Diphtheria, Tr. Ass’n Am. Physicians, Phila., 1897, XII, pp. 90-99; also in Am. J. M. Sci., Phila 
1897, CXIV. pp. 434-440. 
1898. 
A Case of Tic Convulsif (Maladie des Tics), Arch. Pediat, N. Y., 1897, XIV, pp. 881-887 
The Endocardium, Proc. Path. Soc.. Phila., 1897-1898, n. s., I, pp. 122-126. 
Observations upon the Treatment of Enteric Fever by Systematic Cold Bathing, as practised in the German Hospital, Phila., 
Phila. M. J., 1898, 11, pp. 79-84; also in Tr. Coll. Phys., Phila., 1898, 35., XX, PP. 96-111. 
Modifications of Brand’s Original Method in the Treatment of Enteric Fever, Coll, and Clin. Rec., Phila 1898 XIX pp 
157-160. 
The Renal Form of Enteric Fever. Am. J. M. Sci., Phila.. 1898, n. s.. CXVI, pp. 662-666; also Trans. Ass’n Am. 
Phys., Phila., 1898. XIII, pp. 379-384. 
1899. 
Test and the so-called Diazo-reaction in Diagnosis of Enteric Fever, Coll, and Clin. Rec Phila 1898 XIX 
p. 219. 
Obstruction of Bowel following Enteric Fever, Coll, and Clin. Rec., Phila., 1898, XIX, p. 219. 
THe qaTqq"^1 AffeCt,°nS °f tHe Heart (the Cardiac Neuroses), Am. Text-book Dis. Child., (Starr) 2d ed., Phila., 1898, pp. 
vo6-990. The Treatment of Uremia by Venesection, Med. Age, Detroit, 1898, XVI, p. 746; also in Med. World, London, 1898- 
1899, 111, P. 195. 
1900. 
Ten Years’ Experience in Treatment of Enteric Fever by Systematic Cold Bathing. The Method of Brand. Phila. Med. 
Jour., 1900, V, pp. 510-514. 
Results by the Brand Method. Internal. M. Mag., N. Y., 1900, IX, pp. 276-278. 
Experiences in the Hospitals of Philadelphia with Typhoid Fever originating among the Soldiers in the late War with Spain, 
Tr. Coll. Phys., Phila. 
The Necessity for Isolation and Hospital Care for Poor Consumptives, Proc. Phila. Co. M. Soc., Phila., 1900, n. s., 11. 
pp. 4-8, 
The Symptomatology and Complications of the Menopause, Proc. Phila. Co. Med. Soc., Phila., 1900, XXI, pp. 133-138. 
Serum Therapy in Croupous Pneumonia, J. A. M. Ass’n, Chicago, 1900, XXXV, pp. 595-599. 
1902. 
On the Diagnosis of Cirrhosis of the Liver, Med. News, N. Y., 1902, LXXX, pp. 251-253. 
A Case of Osteitis Deformans, Phila. M. J., 1902, pp. 322-326. 
1903. 
An Early Case of Osteitis Deformans, Phila. M. J., 1903, XI, p. 168. 
A Case of Perforated Ulcer in Typhoid Fever, Phila. M. J., 1903, XI, p. 748. 
Report of Sarcomatosis Cutis, together with an analytical study of 50 other Cases collected from the recent Literature, Am. J. 
M. Sci.. Phila. and N. Y.. 1903, n. s.. CXXVI, pp. 751-768. 
1904. 
An Address delivered at the Unveiling of a Monument erected by the A. M, A. to the memory of Benj. Rush, in Washing- 
ton, D. C., 6-11-’O4, J. Am. M. Ass’n, Chicago, 1904, XLII, pp. 1601-1606. 
The Borderline between Medicine and Surgery, Wisconsin M. J., Milwaukee, 1904-1905, 111, pp. 70-77. 
A Case of Enteric Fever complicated with Polyuria, Tr. Ass’n Am. Physicians, 1904, XIX, pp. 506-511. 
1905. 
The Symptomatology and Diagnosis of Atypical Forms of Pneumonia, N. Y. M. J., 1905, LXXXI, pp. 788-791. 
Cerebrospinal Fever (epidemic Cerebrospinal Meningitis), J. Am. M. Ass’n, Chicago, 1905, XLIV, pp. 1334-1340; also 
in Proc. Phila. Co. M. Soc., Phila., 1905, n. s., XXVI, pp. 221-240. 
The Symptoms and Diagnosis of Atypical Forms of Pneumonia, Proc. Phila. Co. M. Soc., Phila., 1905, XXVI, pp. 
168-173. 
Infectious Diseases, Ed. by J. C. Wilson; an authorized translation from Die Deutsche Klinik, under editorial Supervision 
of J. A. Salinger, N. Y.t 1905. 
1906. 
Concerning the Diagnosis of Acute Hemorrhagic Pancreatitis, N. Y. M. J., 1903, LXXXII, pp. 1301-1303; also Penn 
Med. J., Athens, 1905-1906, IX, pp. 180-183. 
1908. 
The Paratyphoid Fevers, Internal. Clinics, Phila., 1908, 18s., I, pp. 54-38 
1909. 
Progress of Therapeutics, Address of the President, American Therapeutic Soc., Monthly Cy. and M. Bull., 111, 6, pp 
321-328. 
A Handbook of Medical Diagnosis in four parts, 1435 pp.; first ed., Phila., 1909; second ed., 1910 Berlin Pub. Co. N.Y. 
Photo by Haeseler JOHN ALLAN WYETH 
President of the Faculty 
of the 
New York Polyclinic Medical School and Hospital 
New York City 
HOHN ALLAN WYETH, was born at Missionary Station, Marshall County, Alabama, on May 26th, 1843. 
He is the son of Louis Weiss Wyeth, an eminent Judge, who died in 1889, and Euphemia Allan, who died in 
His early education was obtained in the La Grange Military Academy (La Grange College) in Franklin 
County, Alabama, where the curriculum was the same as that at West Point, New York. 
Dr. Wyeth’s military training and the outbreak of the Civil War inspired him, when only seventeen years of age, to enter 
upon military service in the Army of the Southern Confederacy. 
Among the engagements Dr. Wyeth took part in during the Civil War was that at Law’s Landing, Alabama, June 7th, 
1862, and as a member of Morgan’s Cavalry he was in the fight at Bear Wallow near Glasgow on December 25th. He also 
took part in the engagements at Upton Station, Elizabethtown, Muldraugh’s Hill and Rolling Fork River in December, 1862. 
From 1863 to the close of the War in 1865 he was attached to Company I, Russell’s Fourth Alabama Cavalry Regiment of 
Wheeler’s and Forrests’ corps. He was in the battle of Shelbyville on June 27th, 1863, and in two engagements at Morris Ford 
on Elk River and at Winchester in July of that year. Subsequently he took part in the battle of Chickamauga on the 18th, 
19th, and 20th of September, 1863, and on the 21st, he participated in the defeat of the Federal Cavalry in McLemore’s 
Cove. On September 30th we find him in the fight at Cottonport, Tennessee, and on October 2nd, at Anderson’s Cross 
Roads in Sequatchie Valley. Being dismounted in this engagement he was taken prisoner and remained in captivity for sixteen 
months, being exchanged in April, 1865. His loyalty to the Cause compelled him to re-enter the service and he was present at 
the Capture of Macon, Georgia, by General James H. Wilson in May, 1865. 
Two years after the close of the War, Dr. Wyeth began the study of medicine in the University of Louisville, from 
which he was graduated in 1869. After his graduation. Dr. Wyeth located in New York City, and his skirmishes and battles in 
the medical world have, unlike those of his short but eventful military career, ended in success and prominence. This is clearly 
shown by the successive appointments he has received. 
In March, 1873, he was awarded the degree ad eundem by the Bellevue Hospital Medical College of New York City. In 
April of that year he was appointed Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy, and in the following year Prosector to the Chair of 
Anatomy in Bellevue Hospital Medical College. In 1881 he was appointed Visiting Surgeon to Mt. Sinai Hospital, and Con- 
sulting Surgeon to St. Elizabeth’s Hospital, New York City. In the same year he organized and became Professor of Surgery in 
and later President of the Faculty of the New York Polyclinic Medical School and Hospital, which was the first Post-Graduate 
Medical School in the United States. He is also Consulting Surgeon to the Skin and Cancer Hospital of New York City. 
With this notable record of activity and achievement. Dr. Wyeth has naturally become closely identified with the most promi- 
nent medical associations. In 1885 and 1886 he was elected to serve two years as President of the New York Pathological 
Society; in 1893 he was First Vice-President of the American Medical Association; in 1900 he was elected President of the 
New York State Medical Association, and in 1901 President of the American Medical Association. In 1908 and 1909 he 
was President of the Southern Society; in January, 1907, he was elected President of the New York Academy of Medicine and 
re-elected in 1909. He is an honorary member of the Texas State Medical Association, and of the Medical Society of New Jer- 
sey, In 1901 the Honorary Degree of LL.D. was conferred upon him by the University of Alabama, and in 1909 the same 
degree was conferred upon him by the University of Maryland. 
Dr. Wyeth has written voluminously for his profession. Some of his contributions to medical science are: “Hand-Book 
of Medical and Surgical Reference,” 1875; Essay on “Dextral Preference in Man,” 1875; “A Monograph on Minor Surgery,” 
1876; “Amputation at the Ankle Joint,” which was awarded the prize in 1876 of the Bellevue Medical College Alumni Associa- 
tion. In 1878 he was awarded the first prize of the American Medical Association for an essay on “The Surgical Anatomy 
and Surgery of the Carotid Arteries.” He received the second prize of the same Association in 1878 for an essay on the “Sur- gical Anatomy and Surgery of the Innominate and Sub-clavian Arteries.” At this time he published an essay on the “Obturator 
Arteries and the Importance of their Relation to Hernia,” and some time later a pamphlet on “Suprapubic Cystotomy with a 
Report of Sixty Cases”; “An Osteoplastic Operation for the Correction of Deformities of the Alveolar Arch and for Cleft Palate 
and Hare-Lip”; “Removal of the Lower Jaw from the Mouth without External Ihcision”; an Essay on “The Surgical Treat- 
ment of Aneurisms of the Arch of the Aorta, Innominate, Subclavian and Carotid Arteries by the Distal Ligature” and “Some 
Original Researches on the Occlusion of Arteries by Cell Proliferation.” In 1890 he made public his method of “Bloodless 
Amputation at the Shoulder and Hip Joints,” and in 1903 “A New Method of Treating Inoperable Vascular Tumors by the 
Injection into their Substance of Water at a High Temperature.” 
In 1895 Dr. Wyeth delivered an oration on “J. Marion Sims and His Work,” before the Southern Surgical and Gyneco- 
logical Association at Washington, and an address on “Medical Education” before the Mississippi Valley Association at Louis- 
ville, Kentucky, in 1890. In 1886 he published the first edition of his “Textbook on Surgery,” which in 1909 had passed 
through four separate editions. In St. Paul, in 1901, he delivered the “Oration on Surgery” before the American Medical 
Association, and the “President’s Address” before the same Association at Saratoga in 1902. 
Dr. Wyeth has made contributions to other than professional literature, some of these being; An article in the Century 
Magazine for April, 1891, entitled “Cold Cheer in Camp Morton,” a narrative of prison life from October, 1863, to Feb- 
ruary, 1865; an historical sketch in Harper’s Magazine, November, 1892, entitled “Nathaniel J. Wyeth and the Struggle for 
Oregon”; in Harper’s Weekly, 1898, “General Wheeler’s Leap,” a sketch of the battle of Shelbyville, June 27th, 1863; a 
series of articles on “General N. B. Forrest at Fort Donelson”; “The Capture of Colonel A. D. Straight and his Entire Com- 
mand”; “The Storming of Fort Pillow”; “Forrest at Brice’s Cross Roads,” all in Harper’s Magazine, 1899; in the “Confeder- 
ate Veteran for November, 1900, appeared the “Narrative of a Scouting Expedition in 1863.” In 1899 his “Life of Gen- 
eral Nathan Bedford Forrest” was published by Harper and Bros., a second edition being issued in 1908; an address on General 
Robert E. Lee, January 19th, 1906, on the “Anniversary of the Great Commander’s Birth.” 
In 1886 he married Florence Nightingale Sims, the daughter of the eminent Surgeon, J. Marion Sims. 
Dr. Wyeth’s zealous and untiring activities on behalf of the Polyclinic Medical School have largely contributed towards 
securing to this Institution a prominent place among medical institutions in the United States. At present Dr. Wyeth is busy in 
the erection of the new Hospital of the New York Polyclinic which, with the latest sanitary and hygienic improvements, will be 
a great factor in the Post-Graduate teaching courses, benefiting thereby a new generation of physicians and surgeons, and their 
gratitude will be the highest recognition of his contributions to the advancement of science. Berlin Pub. Co. N.Y, 
Photo by Aiman MEDICAL WORLD 
Berlin Pub. Co., N.Y. 
Biographical sketches of notable physicians and surgeons of the present (n.d.) 
Portraits (autographed) 
Adler, Isaac, 1849- 
Anders, James Meschter, 1854- 
Barker, Lewellys Franklin, 1867- 
Bevan, Arthur Dean, 1861- 
Biggs, Hermann M., 1859- 
Billings, Frank, 1854- 
Billings, John Shaw, 1838- 
Bovee, John Wesley, 1861- 
Bryan, Joseph Hammond, 1856- 
Bull, Charles Stedman 
Claytor, Thomas Ash, 1869- 
Coley, William Bradley, 1862- 
Conner, Lewis Atterbury, 1867- 
Dana, Charles Loomis, 1852- 
Delafield, Francis, 1841- 
Dennis, Frederic S., 1850- 
Edsall, David Linn 
Sachs, Bernard, 1858- 
Satterthwaite, Thomas Edward, 1843- 
Smith, Abram Alexander, 1847- 
Solis-Cohen, Solomon, 1857- 
Starr, Moses Allen, 1854- 
Thompson, William Gilman, 1856- 
Thomson, William Hanna, 1833- 
Tyson, James, 1841- 
Vaughan, Victor Clarence, 1851- 
Welch, William Henry, 1850- 
Wilmer, William Holland, 1863- 
Wilson, James Cornelius, 1847- 
Wye th, John Allan, 1845- 
Einhorn. Max, 1862- 
Fitz, Reginald Heber, 1843- 
Flexner, Simon, 1863- 
Flint, Austin, Jr., 1868- 
Frazier, Charles Harrison, 1870- 
Friedenwald, Julius, 1866- 
Fussell, M. Howard, 1855- 
Hamill, Samuel McClintock 
Hammond, Graeme Monroe, 1858- 
Hickling, Daniel Percy, 1863- 
Holt, Luther Emmett, 1855- 
Howell, William Henry, 1860- 
Jacobi, Abraham, 1830- 
Janeway, Edward Gamaliel, 1841-1911 
Kelly, Howard A. 
Keyes, Edward Loughborough, Jr., 1873 
Kober, George Martin, 1850- 
Laplace, Ernest, 1861- 
Meltzer, Samuel James, 1851- 
Meyer, Alfred, 1854- 
Mills, Charles Karsner, 1845- 
Mitchell, Silas Weir, 1829- 
Morgan, James Dudley, 1862- 
Mo rgan, William Gerry, 1868- 
Musser, John Herr, 1856- 
Northrup, William Perry, 1851- 
Opie, Eugene Lindsay, 1873- 
Peterson, Frederick, 1859- 
Polk, William Mecklenburg, 1844- 
Richardson, Maurice Howe, 1851-