801 AW f A I 
»AWA1L 
MvOMrlCW MANUAL 
OF 
Modern Medicine 
PUBLISHED BY 
RICHARDS & CASSEL. 
Des Moines, Iowa, 
1902. Copyrighted, 1902 
BY 
Richards & Cassel PREFACE. 
In presenting this little book and cabinet of 
.family rpmediesjo the public we have no apologies 
to make. The proposition made to the writer was 
plainly stated: "Doctor, write such a book and 
prepare a list of such remedies and appliances as 
you would place with your family if you were 
going on a two years' journey, leaving them twenty- 
five miles from a Physician. Do not use a single 
technical or scientific word, only plain, easily com- 
prehended English." This he has tried to do. 
Upon the general public we are conferring an 
immeasurable benefit. With the physicians 
located in every community we have no contro- 
versy. The author of this book is simply one of 
those physicians. For twenty-five years he has 
been meeting the problems which fall to the lot of 
the family physician. This book and accompany- 
ing cabinet is an outgrowth of that long experience. 
He is still in practice and expects to continue. The 
sale of this cabinet in his town will interfere with 
his practice as much as it will with the practice 
of others and no more. 
It is not expected that the use of the cabinet 
will do away with the need of physicians in any 
community, but every Doctor knows full well that 
a large number of his calls are to cases so trival 
that with a little knowledge on the part of the 
Mother or Father of the household his presence is 4 
not needed. He imposes a useless expense upon 
the patient. 
There are a large number of diseases, serious in 
their nature, in which his skill is indispensible. 
Many of those cases are not touched in this book 
and in such of course he will be called. Many 
others are serious in their nature and need him. 
In all such cases directions are plainly given to call 
him without loss of time. 
In many of these cases the symptoms are no 
more threatening than those of a mild disease, yet 
the householder without any guide does not appre- 
ciate the difference, and important (perhaps fatal) 
time is lost. 
With this book in his possession he can readily 
learn to know the difference, and the Doctor is 
called in time to do something better than write a 
death certificate. In such cases the Doctor's 
revenue is increased by the book and his reputa- 
tion is enhanced. At any rate and in all cases he 
is called when his services are needed and at few 
other times. With that state of affairs the honest 
practitioner should be content, and the dishonest 
one can be ignored. 
No form of "grafter" is more to be apprehended 
than the Physician who coming into the house to 
see a trival case, one that would be well in twenty- 
four hours without him, so exaggerates the import- 
ance of his services as to leave the impression that 
he has arrived just in time to avert death. Against 
such this book and cabinet put a weapon of defense 
into your hands. With the better class you will 
have no controversy. They will hail as a boon the 
added knowledge of disease which you possess and 
will work in harmony with your own intelligent 5 
efforts. They are your best friends and are to be 
trusted implicitly. 
There is another consideration that perhaps 
outweighs all others. It is the loss of valuable 
time between the onset of a disease and the arrival 
of the Doctor. Often the Doctor is miles away, 
perhaps in attendance upon a case which he can- 
not leave for hours; perhaps it is storming and the 
roads are impassable, or there is nobody to go for 
him; in the meantime the patient's symptoms are 
developing and nothing is being done. Take for 
instance a common case, one of congestion of the 
lungs. A violent cold has been taken, a chill 
comes on in which the patient shakes as with the 
ague, severe pain in the chest develops which 
almost prevents breathing, the breath comes hurried 
and panting, the face is flushed and red, constant 
efforts to cough make the pain almost unbearable, 
the fever is intense and without a thermometer you 
do not know how high it is. This is no uncommon 
picture; every Doctor sees it many times a year. 
It is a case of congestion of the lungs, and if that 
congestion is not relieved within six hours pneu- 
monia is fully developed. The Doctor cannot be 
gotten until somebody comes home who can go for 
him, or until in the morning, or until he gets back 
from a distant farm, where he has gone upon an 
all night case. During those hours of delay the 
disease is fixed and must run its course through 
two or three weeks, or perhaps longer, and even 
then, in many cases, leave a crippled lung for life 
or develop abscess in the lung, which becoming 
infected with germs, may give rise to quick con- 
sumption. 
Now7 reverse the picture. The Doctor is sent for 
at the same time as before, but active treatment is 6 
intelligently begun at once, the material for which 
is in the Cabinet. When he arrives he finds the 
fever mainly subsided, the pain largely gone, the 
patient's bowels cleaned out, the chest properly 
wrapped in a cotton jacket and the lungs instead of 
being largely consolidated with pneumonic exudate, 
doing in the main their normal work and only a 
small area left to be cleared up within the next 
three or four day. Two or three visits (or, indeed, 
perhaps but one) and complete recovery are upon 
one side of the account as against the first method 
with its week of attendance and possible death. 
I say these cases are common, and a single one 
of them will repay many times over the money cost 
of the whole Cabinet, to say nothing of the better 
results in health and the prevention of suffering. 
There are no more aged men and women to-day 
than there were a hundred years ago, yet census 
statistics show that the average length of human 
life is from five to ten years longer than it was at 
that time. This increase in average life has been 
brought about, not alone by better treatment of 
disease when developed, but by such knowledge as 
teaches people to avoid disease and the more 
prompt handling of the symptoms before disease 
has become seated. We know of no means better 
calculated to further lengthen life than the uni- 
versal spread of knowledge and the placing in the 
hands of intelligent people the implements with 
which to combat it at its earliest appearance. 
To the Physicians of the world is due the credit 
for the progress so far made and the best of them 
will welcome any additional advance. We believe 
that in the distribution of this book and Cabinet 
we have an important means of such advance, and 
as such we confidently submit it to the great public. 7 
THE CABINET. 
The following is a complete list of all the arti- 
cles in the cabinet designated by number and 
followed by a statement of their uses when needed. 
No. 1, Tablet is composed of the mild Chloride 
of Mercury 1-10 gr. to each tablet triturated and 
compressed with sugar of milk and Bicarbonate of 
Soda. It is one of the simplest and most useful of 
all cathartics, not only sweeping out what lies in 
the bowels, but stimulating all the glands which 
pour their secretions upon the foods for converting 
them into blood. Given in the doses ordered it is 
absolutely harmless, but should not be used in ten 
grain doses as it used to be. It is also antiseptic, 
killing living germs of disease when brought into 
contact with them in sufficient strength. 
No. 2, Tablet is composed of Aloes, Belladonna, 
Strychnia Sulphate and extract of Cascara Sagrada. 
It is a laxative combination to be used not for an 
ordinary physic, but by its tonic properties to 
stimulate the worm-like motion of the intestines 
and thus overcome chronic constipation. 
No. 3, Tablet is a combination of powdered 
Opium, Ipecac and Sulphate of Potash, a very old 
combination for quieting pain without checking the 
secretions as ordinary pain killers do. 
No. 4, Tablet contains the elements of which all 
efficient stimulating Anodyne Expectorants are 
made. These elements are so combined with 
Aromatics as to make with the addition of syrup 8 
and water a cough mixture which will allay irrita- 
tion in the lungs, and also thus promote their easy 
expectoration. 
Bottle No. 44 contains eight ounces of this Cough 
Syrup already prepared. To replenish it, after 
thoroughly rinsing it with hot water, take four 
tablets from Bottle No. 4. Crush and place them 
in the cleansed bottle No. 4|, then fill the bottle 
just one-third full of hot water. Nowr prepare 
some white syrup, just as you would use it on the 
table, equal parts by measure of granulated sugar 
and hot water. Raise it to a boil over the lire. As 
soon as tablets are dissolved, add of this syrup so 
much as will just fill the bottle. This is your cough 
mixture and should be given as directed in the 
various chapters of the book where its use is recom- 
mended. Ordinarily the dose is two teaspoonfuls 
for an adult once in two to four hours, half that 
quantity to a child twelve years old, and one-fourth 
to a child three years old and about ten to fifteen 
drops to a child one year old. In some cases and 
to some people, particularly in Bronchitis, syrup is 
nauseating. Under such circumstances, the syrup 
can be left out, but the same quantity of water 
must then be added to make up the same bulk. 
You have in this bottle No. 4 the material for 
two hundred ounces or twenty-five eight ounce 
bottles of cough syrup, which you can make by 
simply adding the syrup and water, as the druggist 
wTould do if he put it up for you. If you consult 
a Doctor each time you bought a bottle of cough 
syrup he would prescribe the same identical drugs 
(perhaps mixed a little differently and syrup added) 
and charge you one dollar for his prescription, thus 
costing you $25.00. You would then go to the 
druggist and he would charge you again one dollar 9 
for putting up an eight ounce mixture, thus aciding 
$25.00 to your cost for just what you have in your 
cabinet. Or, if you went and bought a standard 
cough remedy, of which there are many good ones 
on the market, you would get a long necked flat 
bottle which upon measurement you would find to 
contain about four ounces. For this you invaribly 
pay from 50 cents to one dollar. It takes fifty of 
those to make just what you have in your bottle 
No. 4, and they again are composed of the same 
ingredients plus the syrup. 
In this one bottle you have full market value 
for your whole cost of the cabinet. 
No. 5, Tablet is composed of Acetanilid, Citrated 
Caffeine, Bromide of Soda and Soda Bicarbonate. 
This is an anodyne especially adapted to allay 
nervous irritation, reduce temperature and quiet 
pain of any kind when not too severe. It is espe- 
cially adapted to the relief of nervous headaches. 
No. 6, Tablet is a compound of Salicylic Acid 
and Soda, which is the sheet anchor the world over 
for treating acute rheumatism and a multitude of 
nervous pains throughout the body which simu- 
late rheumatism. 
No. 7, Tablet is composed of Chlorate of Potash 
and Borate of Soda for a stim ulating astringent wash 
for nursing sore mouths, simple sore throats, etc. 
No. 8, Tablet is a mild astringent and antiseptic 
for an eye water to overcome simple cases of 
inflamed eyes. For inflamed, weak and watery 
eyes, redness of the eyes, whether accompanied 
with exudation of matter or not, as well as for 
styes, this is a most excellent preparation. A stye 
on the eyelid is annoying and painful and is apt by 
innoculation to make more of the same kind. This 10 
eyewater will not only cure them, but will prevent 
their recurrence. 
No. 9, Tablet is a preparation of Quinine, Dovers 
Powder, Capsicum and Atropia, to quickly break 
up an oncoming simple cold. 
No. 10, Tablet is composed of Manganese Diox- 
ide to stimulate delayed menstruation, the result 
of a cold, and relieve the painful character of that 
function when starting. From one to three days 
in the month a large proportion of women between 
the ages of sixteen and forty-five suffer needlessly 
great pain and are wholly or partially incapacitated 
for work by reason of suppressed and tedious 
menstruation. The proper use of this tablet, 
according to directions given in this book, will 
obviate this trouble. 
No. 11, Tablets are straight Quinine, 2 grains 
each. 
No. 12, Tablets (colored blue to show that they 
are poisonous) are Corrosive Sublimate for making 
antiseptic washes when germs are to be killed. 
They must never be used internally. 
No. 13, White Powder is Rochelle Salts. 
No. 14, Is Tincture of Veratrum Viride,an inval- 
uable remedy for quieting a bounding pulse, equaliz- 
ing circulation, overcoming spasm and reducing 
fever. It is infinitely better than Aconite for 
those purposes and has the virtue of not being 
poisonous, while Aconite is a deadly poison. 
Aconite if given in an overdose kills, while 
Veratrum only produces vomiting, by which the 
excess is thrown out before it does any harm 
beyond simple nausea. In the meantime, the 
nausea itself relieves all spasm and thus stops the 
blood from piling up in a congested organ and pro- 
duces free sweating; all conditions very desirable 11 
Ceasing to give it for a time or lessening the dose 
soon relieves the nausea and all is well. Given as 
directed it is absolutely safe, while Aconite is not. 
No. 15, Is a disinfectant mouth and throat wash. 
There are on the market many combinations of 
this kind under the name of Listerine, Listerole, 
Thymoline, Borolyptol, Pasteurine, etc., all of 
which are excellent preparations and very much 
alike. This is another of the same class, that is, a 
combination of the same drugs. All these prepar- 
ations sell upon the market at fifty cents a bottle 
of four or six ounces. You have a bottle of eight 
ounces in the Cabinet at a cost of almost nothing 
in comparison. It is also the best ordinary denti- 
frice it is possible to make. 
No. 16, Is Tincture of the Chloride of Iron used 
in the book only for a throat wash in a particular 
form of Tonsilitis, characterized by an exudation 
resembling Diphtheria. Up to date no application 
to the throat has been discovered that will do the 
work of this old and tried remedy. 
No. 17, Is a package of blue litmus paper, used 
in determining the quality of urine in certain 
diseases. 
No. 18, Is a jar of plain vaseline containing one- 
half pound. You ordinarily pay ten cents an ounce 
for it. 
No. 19, Is a dressing for scalds and burns put up 
in a vaseline base. 
No. 20, Is a tablet composed of Alkalies and 
Digitalis for torpidity of the skin and kidneys, 
scanty high colored and burning urine, etc. 
No. 21, Is an invaluable tonic laxative and 
eliminant. Many people at different times, but 
more especially in the spring of the year, become 
logy; the appetite is poor, the sleep is not restful, 12 
although they may feel like sleeping more than 
usual, the tongue is coated, the head swims at 
times, they tire easily, the bowels are more or less 
irregular and quite apt to be constipated. Our 
Grandmothers would have had laid up in the garret 
some packages of dried herbs and roots, which they 
would bring down, or if it were summer time they 
would have gone to their gardens and the woods 
and brought back various herbs and roots, with 
which they would have made a vile tasting decoc- 
tion, which would have been administered. Laugh 
as we may at the crude pharmacy of those good old 
ladies, we must admit that their remedies reached 
the spot. Some of the most valuable remedies of 
modern pharmacy owe their discovery to these 
same women and to-day we have Menthol and 
Thymol and Sarsaparilla and Podophyllin and 
Cascara and Opium and Quinine and Eucalyptus 
and a host of others, indispensible drugs used in 
up to date medicine and surgery. The more ele- 
gant preparations of recent pharmacy have put 
aside their crude teas and extracts, and we are in a 
fair way to lose the knowledge gained through 
their shrewd observations. Their results were 
excellent, only their methods were crude. 
We are in position now to utilize their discov- 
eries and combine their simples under better 
pharmaceutical standards. 
This preparation, No. 21, is combined to meet 
the conditions which they met. It is a powerful 
tonic, it is an efficient eliminant and a gentle laxa- 
tive. It has the widest range of usefulness of any 
preparation in the cabinet. In chronic constipation 
due to deficient secretion in intestines, in torpidity 
of the liver with yellowness of the skin, in piles due 
to deranged secretions, in impaired blood due to 13 
scrofula or syphilis, in enlarged glands of the neck, 
eruptions of the skin, the steady use of this No. 21 
will give relief. 
No. 21^, Is a twelve ounce bottle ready prepared 
from formula No. 21. For directions to prepare it 
see Book IV, Chapter VII. 
You have one twelve ounce bottle of it ready 
prepared, and material enough in the supply bottle 
to mix up six bottles more. Each of these bottles 
wrould cost if put up by a druggist from $2.00 to 
$3.00, making your supply equal in value to from 
$14.00 to $21.00, to say nothing of fees paid to a 
physician for perscribing perhaps the same remedies. 
You know when you need these remedies and you 
have them elegantly combined in your cabinet at a 
trifling cost. 
The dose for adults is two teaspoonfuls three 
times a day at meal time. Children of twelve years, 
one teaspoonful; six years, one-half teaspoonful. 
If the bowels are too greatly relaxed by the use of 
this medicine reduce the dose until they move 
freely twice a day, but continue the medicine until 
no longer needed. 
No. 22, Is Chloranodyne, a quickly acting pain 
killer used in cramps of the bowels and diarrhoeas 
of children. 
No. 23, Is a dozen Belladonna plasters very help- 
ful in various sorts of pains in the back. 
No. 24, Is a roll of surgeon's adhesive plaster, 
needed in dressing wounds. 
No. 25, Is a roll of court plaster, to protect small 
cracks and cuts and cover facial blotches. 
No. 26, Is an assortment of roller bandages for 
surgical dressing. 
No. 27, Is a roll of medicated cotton. 
No. 28, Is a pair of shears necessary for surgical 14 
dressing. They should never be used for household 
purposes. They are of too good material to be 
thus used. 
No. 29, Is a pair of tweezers for removing splint- 
ers and foreign bodies from wounds. 
No. 80, Is a tested fever thermometer. 
No. 31, Is three glass medicine droppers for 
measuring medicines used by the drop and for 
dropping eye water into the eyes. In using them 
care should be taken to not draw the medicine up 
into the rubber bulb as it is apt to injure its texture. 
They should never be put away dirty. 
No. 82, Is two glass syringes of different sizes 
for making application to the throat. Never put 
one away dirty, and never use it on a second case 
of disease until it has been boiled. To boil it, put 
it into a dish rolled up in a cloth; put lukewarm 
water upon it and set it upon the stove, slowly 
raising the temperature of the water until it boils. 
Boil it ten minutes. This will kill all germs. 
Instead of boiling it may be purified by placing it 
in solution made from Tablet No. 12: two tablets 
to four ounces of water. Leave it in fifteen minutes. 
No. 33 and No. 34 are graduate glasses for meas- 
uring medicine. 15 
BOOK I. 
CHAPTER 1. DISEASES OF THE ALIMENT- 
ARY TRACT. 
Group I. Diarrhoeas. 
CLASSIFICATION. 
Under this head come a very large number of 
differing affections, which are difficult to explain. 
For your best service, it is best not to explain too 
many of the different types, as you will need to call 
your physician when the uncommon forms appear, 
or when the common ones take on a dangerous 
form. They all have the one symptom of frequent 
movement of the bowels, with more or less pain, 
fever, prostration, and, in some cases, vomiting. 
The early treatment of all has a great similarity 
and, in most cases, that early treatment is all 
that is needed. In the other and more severe cases, 
when the physician is called, he will find you have 
done just what ought to have been done, and as a 
result the patient is ready for his additional skill in 
determining the exact type of the disease and the 
further remedies to apply. 
(«) Improper Food, Such as unripe fruit, old 
milk, tainted meat, improperly cooked foods, etc. 
(b) Poisonous Substances. Among the poisons 
must also be ranked the substances which grow in 
soured milk, tainted meat, etc.; but this group 
refers more particularly to such things as arsenic, 16 
lead, Rough on Rats, etc., which frequently acci- 
dentally get introduced into the stomach. 
(c) Changes in the weather. Just how this is 
brought about is difficult to tell in full, but the 
main idea can be given in a few words. The per- 
son, be he adult or child, is of a given temperature, 
with the blood evenly distributed through all parts 
of his body. He may be sweating, and the skin 
therefore well supplied with blood. A drop in the 
temperature takes place-the blood vessels in the 
skin, under the influence of the cold, close down 
and drive most of the blood suddenly from the sur- 
face. This goes to some internal organ. That 
organ is said to be conjested, and it immediately 
tries to rid itself of its rapidly gotten load. If that 
internal organ is the bowel it immediately, or 
within a few hours, begins to pour out serum from 
the blood, which mixes with the other contents of 
the bowel, and diarrhoea is set up. In common 
terms, the person is said to have taken cold which 
has settled in his bowels. This explanation is 
incomplete, but it gives the main facts in the case. 
(d) Mental Conditions. It is a long story to tell 
just how the state of the mind can produce this 
kind of trouble, but it is a matter of every day 
observation that excitement, fright, anxiety, anger, 
or other passion, will produce one, two or more 
loose movements of the bowels. It would be a 
very grave blunder to give a frightened child the 
same treatment for its diarrhoea that would be 
given to the same child if it were attacked with 
Cholera Infantum. 
(e) Infectious Diseases. Many of the severe 
diseases are accompanied by diarrhoea as a neces- 
sary part of themselves, and hence the cause of the 
diarrhoea could not come under anv one of the 17 
above heads. As examples of this, 1 might mention 
Typhoid Fever, whose diarrhoea is caused by ulcer- 
ation in the walls of the intestine; Cholera, due to 
the growth of a germ which has been swallowed, 
the extension of inflamation of other organs lying 
close by, etc. But, in these severe diseases, the 
case would already naturally be under the care of 
a trusty physician, so need not be described here. 
1 will now take each one of the above mentioned 
direct causes of diarrhoea and describe in plain, 
brief terms, the symptoms present and give direc- 
tions for management of each. 
Refer back to (a) Diarrhoea caused by improper 
foods. Under this head come the largest number 
of cases and the widest variation of symptoms, 
owing to the differences in the location and extent 
of the trouble. Adults and children must be separ- 
ated in our descriptions. Children furnish by far 
the larger number of cases and I, therefore, take 
them up first. 
(I) Acute Digestive Diarrhoea of Children. 
The trouble appears in the little ones in three 
forms, but these three forms are often mixed in a 
single case. They are 
I. Acute Digestive Diarrhoea. 
II. Cholera Infantum. 
III. Inflamation in Lower Bowel. 
I. Acute Digestive Diarrhoea is apt to begin 
mildly. The child appears in its usual health, but 
it has an unusual number of stools daily. After a 
day or two the child becomes more restless at night, 
the stools increase in frequency and contain curds 
of milk and other undigested foods which give to 
the discharge a very offensive smell. In a few 
cases the symptoms may be more severe, the child 
having a temperature of 102°, or even up to 105°, 18 
when of course the nervous symptoms are much 
increased. The belly is puffed up somewhat and 
the child shows that it is in pain. It flinches upon 
being touched over the bowels. It may even have 
a mild convulsion. These symptoms are entirely 
due to the undigested food, which is appearing in 
the stools, which are usually yellowish gray in 
color, mingled with green, and are never colorless 
or watery, as they are in Cholera Infantum. An 
attack like this may readily develop into Cholera 
Infantum or Inflammation of the Lower Bowel, but 
proper treatment always cuts it short. 
Do not get scared about the nervous condition 
of the child. Should it even have a convulsion, do not 
lose the main idea to attend to the convulsion, as 
that will stop of itself in a short time. The whole 
trouble is caused from that undigested food and 
your whole effort must be given to getting rid of it. 
Get out a few tablets of No. 1 and give one tablet 
every hour till the bowels move off freely as a 
result. You do not want to check the diarrhoea 
till the bowel is swept clean. If the child is too 
small to swallow a tablet, crush the tablet and drop 
the powder dry upon the tongue. If the case is 
severe you may give the tablets every half hour, 
but in all ordinary cases once an honr is better, as 
slower results are more lasting. The next day the 
same thing may be repeated, should there be the 
same conditions present, but usually no other treat- 
ment is needed. Should there be a high fever 
(102° or more) get down No. 14 and put ten drops 
(using the dropper) of it into ten teaspoonfuls of 
water in a glass. Of this mixture give a teaspoon- 
TREATMENT. 19 
ful every hour or half-hour, alternating with the 
tablet till the fever goes down. 
Regulate the diet; this is as important as giving 
the medicine. Do not give the child fruit, nor 
vegetables, nor meat, nor milk, for a day or two. 
It won't starve. Give it broths, meat soups, egg 
albumen, rice water, oatmeal gruel, etc. 
To prepare meat soups or broths, put a pound 
of lean meat, chopped fine, to soak in a pint of cold 
water a few hours; then put over a slow heat and 
gradually raise it to the simmering point, letting it 
cook at least three hours longer, adding water from 
time to time to keep it up to the original point; 
then strain and season and feed either hot or cold. 
This makes a far more nutritious food than the so- 
called beef tea. 
Beef Juice is prepared by simply squeezing the 
meat in a lemon squeezer. Add a little salt and 
feed it. 
To prepare Egg Albumen; Mix the whites of 
three eggs with a pint of cold water, flavored wzith 
a teaspoonful of brandy and a little salt. The 
brandy is not a necessity, but rather a flavor. Give 
this preparation to the child to drink as often as it 
wants water. It will not take too much of it and 
it is very nutritious. 
To prepare Rice or Oat Meal: Simply boil five 
or six hours. Strain the hulls out of the oat meal 
gruel by running it through a thin cloth if need be. 
but the main point is long, continued, slow cook- 
ing till the starch particles are fully broken up. 
Season this and feed it either with a spoon or 
through a nursing bottle, if the patient is an infant. 
HOW TO PREPARE THESE FOODS. 20 
Two or three clays, and often a single day, of 
these foods, with the the tablets mentioned above, 
will usually cure this form of diarrhoea, which 
forms by far the largest number of all the cases. 
Of course, relapses are liable to occur, partic- 
ularly in hot weather, especially if the child is 
cutting teeth. The cutting of the teeth has noth- 
ing to do with the diarrhoea further than the 
nervous disturbance which it causes, thus interfer- 
ing with digestion. 
After getting the bowels empty of the foul 
smelling discharges and getting the child upon the 
proper foods, should the bowels still be inclined to 
be too loose, get down No. 22 and give a five-drop 
dose in a teaspoonful of water to a child seven 
years old, to one three years old three drops, once 
in three hours, till the bowels are controlled. Do 
not give any more of this than you really need as 
the tendency of the diarrhoea is to cease without 
special assistance. 
II. Cholera Infantum. This is by no means as 
common as is Acute Digestive Diarrhoea (I) which 
has been treated in the last section. It may follow 
or grow out of Acute Digestive Diarrhoea, if that 
more simple disease is neglected. The symptoms 
are very prominent and easily recognized; they are 
very high fever, 103° to 105°; perhaps a convulsion; 
very profuse and persistent vomiting, very'frequent 
stools which are watery and nearly or quite color- 
less; very great prostration. This makes an alarm- 
ing combination of symptoms, and if within reach 
of the family physician he had best be called 
at once. But often he is not to be had; then some- 
thing must be done quickly. Get down tablets No. 
1. Crush one of them and divide it into four very 
small powders. Drop one of these powders upon 21 
the tongue of the child every fifteen minutes; keep- 
ing that up till the color and consistency of the 
stools changes. This may require six to ten of the 
tablets or twenty-four to forty of the quarter tablet 
powders. The child is vomiting in the meantime, 
but. it is not the powders that make it do so. It is 
the disease that does that. If the little powders 
are dropped from a paper right upon the tongue 
they will be soaked into the tongue itself, and thus 
reach the blood. They will not be lost by the 
vomiting. The child is rapidly losing the water 
from its system, both by vomiting and purging, 
thus giving rise to very great thirst. It seizes the 
offered cup of water and drinks ravenously, but 
soon vomits it sometimes with explosive force. The 
mother is apt to think that it is the water that 
causes the vomiting and frequently withholds it. 
This is the refinement of cruelty. The child's 
tissues are parched from the loss of water and 
water must be given back to it. Give fresh, cold 
water and give it abundantly. Let the child drink 
a whole glassful if it wants. The water goes into 
the stomach cold and is thrown out in a few min- 
utes hot enough to almost burn your hands. That 
extra heat in that water has come from the stom- 
ach, which is cooled down just that much more. 
Keep up the cold water until the child ceases to ask 
for it and ceases to vomit it. When the vomiting 
has ceased and the color and consistency of the 
stools has changed, if the diarrhoea is inclined to 
continue, then get down No. 22 and to a child one 
year old give a single drop in a teaspoonful of 
water. Repeat this dose once an hour till diarrhoea 
is controlled. To a child seven years old give five 
drops and to intervening ages corresponding doses. 
Do not try to give food of any kind during an 22 
attack of this kind. It will not be digested and 
will only reproduce the conditions of Acute Digest- 
ive Diarrhoea (T) to add to your Cholara Infantum 
(H). 
As the symptoms begin to subside you may try 
to give Egg Albumen or Rice Water or Strained 
Oat Meal Gruel, directions for preparing, which are 
given under Acute Digestive Diarrhoea. 
Horlick's Malted Milk, prepared according to the 
printed directions upon the bottles, is invaluable 
here, but it will seldom be on hand and the other 
things must be substituted. But do not try to feed 
cow's milk under these conditions; you will only do 
harm in most cases. After a very few days, when 
the child has resumed its natural conditions, or 
some approach to it, milk and solid foods can be 
given again as before the sickness. 
III. Inflammation of the Lower Bowel. The 
Doctors call this affection Acute Intero-Colitis, but 
you will get along better with it by understanding 
that it is an inflammation of the lower bowels, 
caused by sour, fermenting food in the intestines. 
It is apt to follow Acute Digestive Diarrhoea (I), 
if that be neglected and in turn may take on the 
symptoms of Cholera Infantum (II) if left 
unchecked. It occurs most frequently in hot 
weather, or in the autumn when the days are hot 
followed by cool nights. It usually starts in the 
simple form described in No. 1, the fever increases, 
the stools change in character and contain blood 
and mucus. At first the bowels move more freely 
without pain, but later the discharges are liable to 
become small and bloody and passed with more or 
less pain and straining. The belly is somewhat 
bloated and tender; vomiting may be present, but 
not persistent, as in Cholera Infantum (II). The 23 
case may not be very acute and after a few days 
the fever may go down, leaving a chronic diarrhoea, 
or it may be very acute with high fever and much 
blood and mucus in the discharges. In such cases 
there is much pain and great prostration, and the 
child may die, if not relieved. In this, as in the 
other forms of diarrheoa, do not forget the cause of 
the trouble. It is a mass of sour, fermenting food, 
not in the stomach this time, but in the intestines 
which make up the lower bowels. That sour mass 
must be gotten rid of before any medicine to check 
the diarrhoea will do any good. Get out your tab- 
lets No. 1 and give one once an hour till the bowels 
are swept clean. Usually from six to ten tablets 
are enough, but use more than that if needed. 
During these same hours, if the child has high fever, 
get down No. 14 and mix ten drops of it (use the 
dropper) with ten teaspoonfuls of water in a glass. 
Of this mixture give a teaspoonful once an hour, 
alternating with the tablets. Stop this when the 
fever is mainly controlled. This will give the child 
medicine every half hour. If the child is thirsty 
let it have a reasonable quantity of cold water 
often, but do not try to feed much before you have 
succeeded in emptying the bowels. When you do 
begin to feed it, do not give meat, nor milk, nor 
fruit, nor vegetables. Give it Egg Albumen, Rice 
Water, Meat Soup, Oat Meal Gruel, etc., for prepar- 
ing which directions were given under Acute 
Digestive Diarrhoea (I.) When you have succeeded 
in sweeping out the bowels, thus unloading it, if 
the diarrhoea shows an inclination to continue, and 
especially if there is much pain, get down No. 22 
and give two drops of it in a little water once an 
hour to a child a year old, or five drops twice an 
hour to a child seven years old, As soon as the 24 
diarrhoea is controlled, of course, stop this medi- 
cine, as it is not needed. 
During this whole attack, much can be done to 
ease the little sufferers by hot applications to the 
bowels. If you have a hot water bag, of course, 
use that, but not having it you can fill a number of 
flat glass bottles with hot water and wrapping them 
in towels pack them around and partially upon the 
child, so that the heat reaches the inflammed 
bowels. Or, you can heat a tea plate and wrap that 
in cloth and lay it upon the child. The trouble 
with the plate is its rapid cooling, necessitating 
frequent changing. 
If the condition of the discharges continues the 
same after twenty-four or forty-eight hours, go 
back and give another course of the tablets No. 1 
exactly as at first, followed again by No. 22. This 
may have to be repeated several times as it usually 
takes several days for the inflammation to subside. 
The quieter you can keep the child the better, it 
being much more comfortable in the bed than in 
the mother's arms. 
IN ADULTS. 
Acute Digestive Diarrhoea. In adults we 
have conditions similar to those already described 
in children. We are still upon the great group 
marked («) or diarrhoeas caused from improper 
food. The types are: 
IV. Acute Digestive Diarrhoea. 
V. Cholera Morbus. 
VI. Inflammation in the Lower Bowel. 
The same as in children and the treatment is 
very similar. 
No. IV. The cause of No. IV is a load of undi- 
gested food. The last meal taken has remained 25 
undigested and lies like a load in the stomach. 
More or less griping pains, sometimes most intense, 
come on. Sooner or later free, watery movements 
of the bowels appear and in time the load is carried 
away, allowing the patient to recover. There is 
little danger in this type of the disease, but much 
suffering, and our main object is to cut the attack 
as short as possible. If only a few hours have 
passed since the offending meal was taken it is best 
to take an emetic. If you have a little alum in the 
house pulverize a level teaspoonful of it, mix it 
with some syrup or fruit juice and give it to the 
patient, following it up with large draughts of 
warm water-the more the better. 
If you haven't alum and have mustard, mix up 
a teaspoonful of that in water and give it, following 
that by the warm water, as in the other case. Free 
vomiting will bring great relief and wash out any 
remnant of undigested food in the stomach. 
The next step is to get rid of that portion which 
has passed along into the intestines. Get down 
your tablets No. 1 and give three of them at once. 
Repeat with one every half hour till the bowels 
have moved freely and show by the discharges that 
the undigested mass is gone. Uusually this is all 
that is necessary. Should there be much pain left, 
or the bowels be inclined to continue moving, get 
down No. 22 and give fifteen-drop doses once an 
hour until they are controlled. Give no more of 
this than is really needed, for the tendency of the 
bowels will be to stop of their own accord. 
At any time during the attack much can be 
done to relieve the pain by hot applications over 
the bowels. A hot water bag, or in default of that, 
glass bottles tilled with hot water, wrapped in 26 
towels and packed around and upon the patient 
will well repay the effort in the relief they give. 
V. Cholera Morbus. In the best works upon 
the practice of medicine the old name of Cholera 
Morbus does not appear, because the disease is only 
a modification of Acute Digestive Diarrhoea. I 
have retained it, however, in my classification, 
because in adults it corresponds exactly to Cholera 
Infantum of children. It is, therefore, an acute 
diarrhoea, in which the nervous symptoms predom- 
inate, giving rise to relaxation of the blood vessels, 
allowing the watery part of the blood to be strained 
out rapidly into the bowels. This watery excre- 
tion appears in the form of very copious watery 
stools rapidly repeated. At first they are mixed 
with the natural discharges from the bowels, but 
soon become clear like pure water. There may be 
little white shreds floating in it, giving it the 
appearance of rice water. This quality has given 
rise to a well known name and we speak of the 
"rice water discharges" of Cholera, Cholera 
Infantum and Cholera Morbus. As the bulk of 
this water is poured out of the blood vessels direct, 
the disease becomes quickly very prostrating and 
dangerous. It is accompanied by severe pain 
(cramps) and often cramping of the arms and legs, 
due to nervous disturbances. Almost uncontrollable 
vomiting occurs and the patient sweats profusely. 
If the temperature be taken it will usually be found 
to be sub-normal, or below the average of health 
(98°, 97° or in bad cases 96°). Nothing else can be 
mistaken for this disease, but do not make the mis- 
take of calling every case of watery diarrhoea 
Cholera Morbus. The same distinctions hold good 
as between Cholera Infantum and Acute Digestive 
Diarrhoea in children. 27 
The indications for treatment: 
First. To check the pain. 
Second. To check the vomiting. 
Third. To check the diarrheoa. 
Fourth. To restore the water to the blood, 
which has been drained off. 
To check the pain, give at once half teaspoonful 
doses of No. 22, in water, repeated every twenty 
minutes till pain is controlled. 
To check the vomiting crush tablets No. 1 into 
powders and drop one dry upon the tongue every 
half hour until ten are taken, unless the vomiting 
ceases in that time. 
These two medicines can be alternated with 
each other, thus giving medicine every fifteen 
minutes. Apply hot fomentations to the bowels. 
The hot water bag or bottles filled with hot water 
and wrapped in towels will do. Sometimes cloths 
wrung out of very hot water and laid upon the 
bowels, (changing rapidly) are very efficient. If 
they are used, be as careful as possible about get- 
ting anything wet about the bed, for the patient 
is apt to be cool. It may be necessary to put warm 
irons to the feet. 
For the third indication, that of checking the 
diarrhoea, the two measures already adopted, No. 
22 and No. 1 will serve that purpose at the same 
time as doing their other work. Should constipa- 
tion be the condition on the following day or later, 
open the bowels with tablet No. 2, repeated about 
once in six hours until results are obtained. 
For the fourth indication, give the patient all 
the cold water he wants to drink. When the 
movements of the bowels have ceased, dissolve a 
TREATMENT. 28 
heaping teaspoonful of common table salt in a pint 
of warm water and slowly inject it into the bowel 
with a syringe. Leave it there. If it comes away, 
put back another dose of it. 
Considerable prostration follows this disease 
and it is well for the patient to have a tonic of 
some kind for three or four days. For this you 
have tablet No. 11, of which you can give one every 
four hours. 
VI. This condition is much more serious than 
No. IV, as we have to deal with an acute inflamma- 
tion. It occurs much more frequently in the 
autumn than at any other season of the year, 
owing to the wide variation of temperature between 
midday and midnight. This excessive drop in the 
temperature causes first acute indigestion, and in 
turn the undigested food sets up the irritation in 
the bowels, giving the condition under discussion. 
Diarrhoea, which at first is not painful, is the most 
constant symptom. There may be a slight chill. 
By the second day colicky pains appear and the 
stools increase in number, but become much 
smaller in size. Mucus and blood appear in them 
and they are passed with much pain and straining. 
The temperature of the patient will rise to 102° or 
even 104°. There will be considerable thirst and 
perhaps some vomiting, although vomiting seldom 
is very troublesome. The most distressing symptom 
is the straining at stool which may become almost 
constant. The milder attacks run a course of a 
week or ten days, if not cut short by treatment. 
Again, as in the preceding types of Diarrhoea, 
the offending material is in the bowels as a sour, fer- 
menting mass of undigested food and the first thing 
to do is to get rid of it. Get down tablet No. 1 and 
give three of them as a first dose, follow ing up wTith 29 
one every hour till at least ten tablets in all are 
given, or till the bowels move freely with watery 
discharge. Should they not do so by the time ten 
tablets are taken, get down No. 13 and put a table- 
spoonful of the dry salt into a half tumbler of hot 
water Of this mixture take a tablespoonful once 
an hour, with free draughts of water till the small 
mucus and bloody discharges are increased in size 
and are of watery consistency. If the first prepar- 
ation of No. 13 proves to be not enough, you can 
mix some more. There is no probability of an 
overdose of No. 13, as it is quite harmless. While 
giving these cathartics there may be need of a fever 
mixture. Should the temperature be above 102°, 
get down No. 14 and put ten drops of it into ten 
teaspoonfuls of water in a glass. Of this mixture 
give a teaspoonful once an hour till the fever comes 
down. If more than ten drops are needed, prepare 
an additional amount. For the pain, of which 
there is often a great deal, use hot applications over 
the bowels. Hot poultices of Flaxseed meal are 
very efficient, but if they are not attended to by a 
careful nurse, they are capable of harm on account 
of getting cold. The hot water bag is not open to 
this objection and if present in the house should be 
used. In default of a hot water bag several glass 
bottles (often a half-dozen of them) each rolled in 
a towel or cloth and packed around and upon the 
abdomen will give much relief. After free watery 
discharges are secured from the bowels, to check 
further diarrhoea and quiet pain get down No. 22 
and give fifteen-drop doses in water once an hour 
till relief is obtained. 
On later days do not let the bowels dam up and 
stop moving, but keep them soft with No. 13, fixed 
as before. During the attack and until the bowels 30 
have resumed their normal conditions, the patient 
should not try to eat solid food. Feed him upon 
malted milk, meat soups, oatmeal gruel, meat juice, 
egg albumen, etc., directions for preparing which 
are given under the head of Acute Digestive 
Diarrhoea of Children. If any cow's milk is used, 
let it be first boiled. 
This disease is very prostrating and often per- 
sists for a week or more, in spite of any and all 
treatment. It is well that a tonic should be taken 
to brace up the powers of the system and help it to 
resume its natural work. You have such a tonic in 
tablet No. 11. After about three or four days of 
the disease, or as soon as the acute symptoms have 
subsided give a tablet of No. 11 three times daily 
for several days. 
(b as above) Poisonous Substances. As before 
remarked, most of the cases of Diarrhoeas are 
included in the above great group, marked A, and 
its subdivisions, marked 1, 2, 3, and 4, 5, 6. 
There remains to treat the rarer cases, the first of 
which I mark B. In case of the accidental swallow- 
ing of poisonous substances, the diarrhoea which 
usually follows is not to be checked, as it is nature's 
way of getting rid of the poison. All such cases 
should be at once placed in the hands of the 
physician. Before he comes, favor the vomiting 
which usually is set up, by large draughts of warm 
water, and if vomiting has not begun start it by 
giving a teaspoonful of ground mustard mixed in 
warm water. Have the child drink a pint or more 
of the water; if an adult, a quart or more. If you 
have no mustard handy and have powdered alum, 
mix a teaspoonful of that in a little syrup or fruit 
juice and give it, following it with the water as 
before. Milk or whites of two or three eggs swal- 31 
lowed raw will also be of service, as they tangle up 
the poisonous substances and they are then vomited 
up with the mustard or alum. But such cases 
should always be referred to the doctor for later 
treatment. If no diarrhoea has yet occurred the 
immediate treatment is just the same as though it 
had. 
(c as above) Changes in the Weather. This 
group really needs no separate section, because the 
first effect of the weather changes is that of stop- 
ping the digestive processes and you then have 
exactly the same conditions to meet as you have in 
Group A. Turn back to Group A and follow direc- 
tions there given in full. 
(d as above) Diarrhoea caused by Mental Condi- 
tions. In all cases, the treatment of disease should 
be preceded by such management as will get rid of 
the conditions causing it. As the form of Diarrhoea 
under discussion in this section depends upon 
mental agitation, the first thing to do is to secure 
freedom from that agitation. Put the patient 
quietly to bed and if the extremities are cold, which 
they are very liable to be, put hot water bottles to 
the feet and hands and a cloth wrung from cold 
water to the forehead and top of the head. Usually 
nothing else will be required. If the Diarrhoea be 
very profuse and frequent, check it at once with 
fifteen-drop doses of No. 22, repeated once an hour 
till Diarrhoea ceases. This is the dose for an adult. 
For a child one year old, give two drops in water, 
and for one seven years old five drops. Later, if 
the bowels are inclined to remain closed too long, 
get down No. 13 and put a tablespoonful of the dry 
salt into four ounces of water. Of this mixture 
give a tablespoouful once a half hour till the bowels 
are opened. Usually no further treatment is 32 
needed, but should constipation continue, give one 
tablet of No. 2 each night, for several days, till 
regularity is re-established. 
CHAP. II. Group 2. Mainly Infectious Diseases. 
NURSING SORE MOUTH, CANKER SORES, ULCERS. 
lu this connection it is best to speak of the com- 
mon canker sores that appear from time to time in 
the mouth, particularly of children. There are 
several different types of these affections, differing 
somewhat in their causes, but as all of them are 
associated with a bad condition of the digestion and 
are frequently associated with diarrhoea, they are 
best placed in this group. 
1. The first type, Nursing Sore Mouth, is known 
in medicine as simple Inflammation and is associ- 
ated with injuries to the mouth, or with teething in 
children, or with stomach trouble of ill-nourished 
children. In adults, it is usually caused by irritat- 
ing substances taken into the mouth. It is easily 
recognized as a simple inflammation of the gums or 
lips or cheeks. There is no fever and no incon- 
venience, except through the soreness of the parts 
affected. The digestion may be faulty and the 
bowels constipated. If so, live on milk and other 
light, easily digested food for a few days. Open up 
the bowels with a few tablets of No. 1, taken one 
every hour till the bowels move freely. As a wash 
for the mouth, dissolve five tablets of No. 7 in two 
ounces of wTater and cleanse the mouth thoroughly 
with it three or four times a day. 33 
2. The next type corresponds to the sore throat 
with patches of membrane, looking like diphtheria. 
It is marked by small slightly raised spots sur- 
rounded by a red patch. A little blister is apt to 
appear on this spot, which soon breaks, leaving an 
ulcer with a gray bottom and red sides. There 
may be one or several of these patches in the 
mouth. The mouth should be cleansed thoroughly 
every time immediately after taking food. Other- 
wise the treatment is exactly the same as the first 
type given above. 
3. The third type of the disease is much more 
serious. It goes under the name of Thrush. This 
depends upon the growth of a fungus plant upon 
the mucus surface of the mouth and may extend 
downward through the swallow pipe (esophagus) to 
the stomach. It is mostly confined to children 
and is always associated with an unhealthy state of 
the digestion. Improper food, uncleanliness of the 
mouth, sour nursing bottles and all those things 
which upset the normal digestion of the child, 
favor its growth. When seen in grown people, it 
is after prostrating disease of some kind, like 
Typhoid, or Consumption, or Cancer-any thing that 
greatly lowers the general tone of the system. 
The disease begins on the tongue and is seen in 
the form of pearly white spots, which increase in 
size and gradually run together. Removing the 
white exudation from the top of these spots leaves 
a bleeding, ulcerating surface. Do not confound it 
with the second type given above, in which the 
ulcers start in blisters, for that is a simple thing 
and easily gotten rid of, while this is more serious. 
It is most commonly present in bottle-fed babies 
and ill-nourished children and during the teething 
of the second and third years. If the child has 34 
diarrhoea, treat it for that according to the direc- 
tions given in the proper place and rectify its feed- 
ing. After those things are looked to then treat 
the mouth. Keep the mouth scrupulously clean 
by frequent washing with cold water, in which you 
have placed a pinch of common baking soda. Then 
prepare a mixture of No. 7 by dissolving five 
tablets in two ounces of water. Give this freely 
half a dozen times a da}7 as a wash for the sores. 
It is sometimes a good plan to make a swab by 
tying cotton upon a stick to more thoroughly reach 
the sores. 
If there is no diarrhoea, then the treatment 
should be begun by opening the bowels with tablet 
No. 1, using one every hour till the bowels move, 
but as said above, if there is diarrhoea, turn to the 
subject, "Diarrhoea,7' and follow directions given 
there, but in either case use the same applications 
for the mouth. 
CHAP. III. Cramps in the Bowels Without 
Fever. 
This common condition is not of itself a disease, 
but it is often the beginning of any one of a num- 
ber of diseases. Should it occur, look up Inflam- 
mation of the Bowels, and Gall Stones and 
Appendicitis, but when you have satisfied yourself 
that it is not due to any one of those troubles there 
only remains simple undigested food in the stom- 
ach and bowels as the cause of it. If there is 
diarrhoea with the cramps you have only to go 
back to the article upon simple Acute Digestive 
Diarrhoea for your directions as to what to do, but 35 
if there is constipation then the indication ought 
to be plain to you. Open up those bowels as rapidly 
as you can. There may be vomiting. If so, crush 
your little Tablets No. 1 and drop them dry upon 
the tongue. Anyway, give those tablets. Give one 
every fifteen minutes until fifteen or twenty of 
them are given, or till the bowels move freely. 
Should the bowels not have moved when twenty 
have been given, then get down No. 13 and dissolve 
a heaping tablespoonful of the dry salt in four 
ounces of hot water. Of this mixture, give a table- 
spoonful once every fifteen minutes till the bowels 
move. Should there be so much vomiting that this 
solution is not retained at all give a tablet of No. 2 
every two hours till bowels move. With these 
three cathartics you can always manage after a 
time to get the bowels open, although you may 
have to vary them somewhat from printed direc- 
tions. If one is not held down use the other for a 
time and then go back to the other one again. Go 
after those bowels and get them open. Now, all 
the time you are doing this the patient is suffering 
severe pain. At the same time that you begin 
your physic, put the patient to bed and pack his 
bowels with bottles filled with hot water and rolled 
in towels. If you have a regular rubber hot water 
bottle, use that, but a jug or two, a half-dozen fiat 
pint bottles, or two or three Mason jars filled with 
hot water and packed around him will give great 
relief. If, with the help of the hot water, he can 
stand the pain till the bowels are moved all the 
better, but if the pain is too severe, as it sometimes 
is, then get down No. 22 and give twenty to thirty 
drops of it (using your dropper) every half hour till 
the pain is sufficiently controlled to make it bear- 
able. Use no more than is really needed, because 36 
that helps to hold the bowels in check and you are 
trying to open them. After the bowels are once 
opened, you can give enough pain remedy to stop 
the pain altogether, but at that time use No. 3 
tablets, of which, to an adult, you can give two 
every hour till pain is controlled. This will be the 
end of the disease, unless some of the troubles first 
mentioned (Gall Stones, Appendicitis, Inflammation 
of the Bowels) have been developing; in which case 
you will turn to the articles upon those subjects for 
directions. 
CHAP. IV. Congestion of the Liver and of the 
Channels Conducting the Bile from the 
Gall Bladder to the Intestine. 
Gall Stones. 
1. Many people are subject to frequent attacks 
of indisposition, which it is hard to limit or define. 
Every few weeks, and many times oftener, they rise 
in the morning with a bitter taste in the mouth, a 
feeling of lassitude and a dullness of thought. The 
appetite is apt to be lessened, or entirely gone. A 
dull headache comes on, which is apt to increase 
till it becomes intense. On attempting to walk 
about, or sometimes even to get out of bed, the 
head swims. The bowels are usually constipated 
or have been so, although the opposite extreme, 
that of diarrhoea with small light colored stools, 
may have taken place. If unchecked, there is 
usually more or less vomiting of very bitter green 
and yellow water, which is somewhat ropy, by mix- 
ture with mucus. There is apt to be tenderness to 
the touch over the pit of the stomach, which will 37 
extend sooner or later around the right side under 
and just below the ribs. In many cases, there is 
marked yellowness of the whites of the eyes, and 
even of the skin over the whole body. The condi- 
tion is due to the obstruction of the general circu- 
lation through the liver, which interferes with the 
normal production of liver secretions, or their pas- 
sage into the intestines, where they are needed to 
complete the process of indigestion. People subject 
to such attacks can, by careful noting of symptoms, 
foretell by twelve, or even twenty-four hours, their 
approach. By taking them this early, the attacks 
can usually be warded off, or so completely modi- 
fied as to be shorn of their severity. Get down 
Tablet No. 1 and put out ten of them. Swallow four 
of them for a first dose, and then repeat every hour 
with one until all ten are taken. If by that time 
you have not yet gotten free movements of the 
bowels, get down No. 13 and dissolve a heaping tea- 
spoonful in half a glass of hot water and swallow it 
at a single dose. Repeat this last dose once an hour 
till free, watery movements of the bowels are 
obtained. For the first few7 days following this, keep 
the bowels from becoming again constipated, if 
necessary, by taking each night a single tablet of 
No. 2. 
This management will usually avert such attacks 
but in those cases which have gone farther before 
treatment is begun, and the patient is already vom- 
iting everything that is put into his stomach, you 
necessarily have to go slower. Get down your ten 
tablets of No. 1 as before, but crush a single tablet 
and put the dry powrder upon his tongue. If he 
vomits it at once, repeat the dose immediately. Do 
not wait for the stomach to settle, as it will be 
more apt to reject the powder than if given at once. 
Not all the powder will be lost any way, as much 38 
or all of it will cling to the tongue and soak into 
the general circulation. 
Each hour repeat the operation of giving a 
crushed tablet till you get the bowels to move 
freely. After the ten tablets have been taken and 
held, if the bowels have not yet moved, get down 
No. 13 and dissolve a tablespoonful in half a glass 
of hot water. Of this mixture, give a tablespoonful 
once every half hour till you do get free move- 
ments of the bowels. 
If there is much tenderness over the stomach 
apply hot application. Sometimes a little mustard 
mixed up with white of egg and applied to the pit 
of the stomach will relieve the soreness and also do 
much to relieve vomiting. Nothing, however, will 
entirely relieve the vomiting and secure comfort 
till the bowels are moved freely and by the methods 
described above. 
2. Gallstones. Closely allied to the conditions 
described in the last foregoing paragraph is the 
condition produced by hardened masses of dried 
gall in the gall bladder, called Gall Stones. The 
description of the symptoms is exactly the same, 
only the attacks come on more quickly, and often 
without warning. In addition to the vomiting will 
be pain of agonizing intensity. The pain often, or 
always, appears to be in the stomach and many 
cases are known in every community under the 
mistaken name of Neuralgia of the Stomach. The 
writer of this article has been in general practice 
twenty-five years and in all that time has never 
seen a single case of Neuralgia of the Stomach. 
He has seen hundreds of cases that passed under 
that name, but they were all cases of Gall Stones, 
more or less coarse, going through the passages 
from the gall bladder to the intestine. These 39 
small or large stones, while in the gall bladder, 
give no pain, but the instant one gets caught in the 
small channel (no bigger than a goose quill), which 
leads down to the intestine, it causes the most 
violent pain. This fact explains the sudden coming 
on, and as sudden going off, of the pain when the 
stone drops through the channel into the gut. No 
more pain is experienced until another stone gets 
started in a like manner. The treatment is exactly 
the same as above given for congestion of the liver, 
but with the addition of something to quiet pain. 
This pain quieter you will find in No. 3. Give of 
these (in addition to your other treatment) two 
tablets every half hour, as long as they are needed 
to quiet the pain. Do not give them any longer 
than is needed, as they help to hold the bowels in 
check and you may have to give larger doses, or 
more of them, of Tablet No. 1 and the dry salts. 
No. 13. 
In those cases where these attacks are frequent 
a skillful surgeon should be consulted, as nothing 
but a surgical operation and an emptying of the 
gall bladder give any hope of permanent cure. It 
may be necessary to call the family physician to 
give morphine by injecting it under the skin, so 
intense is the pain. 
In recent years, the people generally have learned 
the name and the effects of that dread disease, 
Appendicitis, but few understand its nature, and 
less can recognize it when they see it. No case of 
it should ever be treated by the unskilled. It is 
CHAP. V. Appendicitis. 40 
necessary to name it here, and so fully describe it, 
that any intelligent person can recognize the 
symptoms when they occur, in order that no time 
may be lost in referring it to the care of the family 
physician, who in turn, at the proper time, will call 
in the surgeon. It is a form of inflammation of 
the bowels which often ends in abscess. When it 
so ends, nothing but the surgeon's knife can do the 
least thing toward cure. It does not follow, how- 
ever, that every case of inflammation of the bowels 
is Appendicitis, neither does it follow that every 
case of Appendicitis always ends in abscess. In any 
given case, therefore, before it is fully known what 
is coming, or if it is probable that abscess has not 
yet formed, it is of vital importance that prompt 
treatment be begun. Of course, send for your 
doctor at once, but begin the work yourself in 
order that when he comes he may find the prelim- 
inary work done and done correctly. 
The disease is most common in children and 
young adults and among these, in males, but no 
age and no sex is free from its attack. It is not 
caused by grape seeds, or other small hard sub- 
stances lodging in a pocket of the intestine, as is 
popularly supposed, but it does frequently depend 
upon retained hardened products of waste packed 
in or near the appendix. It may depend upon an 
injury from a blow, or a violent strain, as in a 
wrestling match or upon exposure to cold, which 
by driving the blood from the surface of the body, 
sets up a congestion in this part of the bowel. 
Previous constipation furnishes a favorable condi- 
tion for its occurrence. 
Location.-It is in the right side of the bowel, 
about midway between the navel and the forward 
point of the hip bone, in a line joining these two 41 
points. As the appendix (and in fact all the bowels) 
is a movable organ, its location varies considerably 
upward or downward, but the central point here 
indicated is sufficiently accurate to determine its 
position. 
Symptoms.-There will always be fever, some- 
times not over 100°, and at others as high as 104°. 
Usually there will be constipation, but in some 
cases the bowels will be normal, and in a very few 
cases there will be a mild diarrhoea. The diarrhoea, 
however, is from the lower bowel only, and the 
stools will be small. There will be a coated tongue 
and usually considerable thirst. Often there is 
vomiting, which may be hard to check. Pain there 
always is, sometimes very severe, and at other 
times only moderate. This pain may appear to be 
in any point upon that side of the whole bowel, or 
in the stomach, in those cases where vomiting is a 
feature. Tenderness to the touch always is present 
upon the right side of the bowel near the line men- 
tioned above. Sometimes the bowels are bloated, 
but at other times they are flat. The patient lies 
easiest upon the back, with the right leg drawn up, 
because that takes the strain off the muscles across 
the belly. 
The most important of these symptoms, and 
the ones always present, are pain, fever, soreness 
between the navel and hip bone on the right side. 
The other symptoms may, some of them, be absent, 
but enough are always present to make a group 
that demand immediate attention. Typhoid Fever 
has the same symptoms, but that is nearly always 
preceded by a week or two of ill health, while in 
Appendicitis the symptoms come on in a day or 
two, sometimes in a few minutes. 42 
TREATMENT. 
Now, it makes no difference whether the 
trouble is in the appendix itself or in the gut close 
to it, the management of the case is just the same. 
Let me say again, call your family physician, but 
go to work yourself before he comes-he may not 
get there till night, or the following day. 
Three things are to be done: (1) lower the fever, 
if it is high, (2) quiet pain, (3) empty the bowel and 
thus get rid of any hardened mass that is irritating 
the inflammed part. 
(1) If the fever is less than 101° you need do 
nothing for that, but if higher that 101° get down 
No. 14 and measure out ten drops of it with your 
dropper, put it into ten teaspoonfuls of water. 
Of this mixture, give a teaspoonful once an hour 
till the temperature comes down to 101°. If you 
use up the first preparation, which you probably 
will before you get that result, mix another batch 
of it. Indeed, you may have to mix several batches 
before you are through, but the temperature of 
101° or below must be your guide. 
(2) To quiet the pain, get down Tablet No. 3 
and give one, or two if necessary, every two hours 
till pain is relieved, then give one at longer 
intervals, as may be needed to hold the patient 
reasonably free from pain. You need not expect to 
absolutely control the pain, but enough to make 
him reasonably easy. If, after giving a couple of 
doses, you see you are not giving enough, give two 
tablets at a time, instead of one. To help this pain 
reliever and soften the bowels, hot applications are 
very important and must be strictly attended to. 
The method of applying this heat is immaterial, so 
long as it is applied persistently. It is a good 43 
scheme to till a couple of large bottles, or Mason 
jars, with hot water, and wrapping them in cloths 
so they will not burn, pack them in the bed upon 
the affected side, then over the belly lay a partially 
filled rubber hot water bag, 1 say partially filled, 
because if too full it is too heavy and will not lie 
close to the patient. If you have no hot water bag, 
a hot poultice of any kind of mosh (flaxseed meal 
is best, because it holds its heat best) may take the 
place of it. This requires to be closely watched to 
be sure it does not get cold around the edges. 
Change it as often as is needed to keep it hot. I 
say hot not warm. A thick earthen plate of a size 
to correspond with the size of the patient's belly, 
heated hot and wrapped in a towel, serves a pretty 
good purpose, but it loses its heat quickly and needs 
frequent changing. In changing applications do 
not leave the belly to get cold while you heat up 
the application just removed, but prepare a new 
one and have it ready to put on when you take the 
old one off. That, in turn, may be re-heated to 
make the next change. These hot applications 
may need to be kept up night and day for several 
days. 
(3) The third indication is to empty the bowels 
with watery stools. Get down Tablet No. 1 and 
take out twenty of them. Of these, give one every 
half hour. If troubled much with vomiting, or if 
the patient cannot swallow a tablet, crush the 
tablet and drop it upon the tongue as a powder. It 
will soak into the tongue and stick to it, even 
though vomiting occurs, and you will get the good 
of it after awhile. As you are giving medicine to 
quiet pain and this is more or less constipating, it 
may take a long time to get the watery discharges 
from the bowels. If you have not yet succeeded 44 
when the twenty small tablets are used up, quit 
those and get down No. 18. Put a tablespoonful of 
the dry salt into a glass and measure out four 
ounces of water in the graduate and pour upon it. 
Of this mixture, give a tablespoonful once an 
hour till you get the results of watery stools. 
During all the days of the disease, give enough of 
this mixture to secure two or three movements of 
the bowels daily. Mix more of No. 13 if needed. 
If the urine should become scanty and high 
colored, smarting more or less when it is passed, 
that symptom can be relieved by Tablet No. 20. 
Dissolve eight tablets of No. 20 in two ounces of 
water (using your graduate) and of this solution 
give a teaspoonful in water once in four hours till 
the trouble with the kidneys is corrected. 
This management, diligently followed, during 
four to seven days will bring through a very large 
percentage of all the cases, but it must not be for- 
gotten that in any given case where suppuration 
takes place in the appendix nothing but the sur- 
geon's knife wTill do any good. 
CHAP. VI. Ordinary Inflammation of the 
Bowels. 
This group of troubles, which I have brought 
together under this head, is made of a large number 
of differing conditions, which would be very 
puzzling to the ordinary person who is expected to 
use this book and the medicines from the accom- 
panying cabinet. I shall, therefore, not attempt to 
separate them, as the main features of all are sim- 
ilar and the treatment of all is the same. This 45 
treatment has really been covered in the articles 
upon Appendicitis and in No. 6 of Chapter I, Inflam- 
mation of Lower Bowel in Adults. The main 
object in introducing it here is to teach you to 
recognize the condition when you see it. 
In No. 6, of Chapter I, the form that comes 
under Diarrhoeas, was treated, but many of these 
cases have no diarrhoea. They have obstinate con- 
stipation. Here then will be the symptoms to be 
looked for: 
1. Fever ranging from 101° to 105°. 
2. Pain in the bowels-often very severe. 
3. Tenderness to the touch over the whole 
region of the belly, and not confined to right side 
of navel. 
4. Rapid pulse, coated tongue and perhaps 
vomiting. 
5. Constipation, or at least very small move- 
ments of the bowels and more or less bloating. 
You have in this group of symptoms the same 
causes to get rid of as in diarrhoea with like symp- 
toms, namely, loading up of the machinery of 
digestion with material that ought to have passed 
through. The condition may come on slowly, or 
all at once, as a result of cold, but that makes no 
difference. The treatment is the same. 
Get down No. 14 and measure out ten drops of 
it with your dropper into a glass. Into this put 
ten teaspoonfuls of water, and give a teaspoonful of 
the mixture every hour till the fever comes down. 
Mix a second batch, if necessary. When the fever 
is once down, keep it down with smaller doses. 
Beginning at the same time, get down Tablet 
No. 1 and give one tablet every hour, alternating 
with the fever mixture. This will give the patient 
medicine every half hour. 46 
Should the bowels not have moved freely by the 
time ten tablets of No. 1 have been given, get down 
No. 18 and put a heaping tablespoonful of the dry 
salt into four ounces of water (using your graduate). 
Of this mixture, give a tablespoonful once an hour 
till the bowels move. This salt is perfectly harm- 
less and more can be given, if necessary. When 
the bowels are once freely moved, keep them open 
once a day. To control pain, which is more or less 
severe, apply hot applications to the bowels persist- 
ently. Should that not be sufficient, get dowm 
Tablet No. 3 and give one of them each hour at the 
same time as the fever mixture. Two of them can 
be given at a time, if necessary, but, of course, as 
the only object is to control the pain, give no more 
of them than is needed. 
With the bowels open, the fever mainly gone, 
and but little pain left, wait for time. The attack 
usually subsides in a few days, the last symptom to 
disappear being the tenderness to pressure of the 
bowels. During convalescence, should the urine 
become scanty and scalding get down Tablet No. 2C 
and dissolve eight of them in four ounces of water 
(using your graduate). Of this mixture, give a 
teaspoonful in water once in four hours till kidneys 
act naturally. 
CHAP. Vil. Constipation. 
Constipation is often hereditary, but much more 
frequently it is due to the errors of life, easily cor- 
rected. Lack of proper exercise, particularly in 
large eaters, is a fruitful source of constipation and 
certain diseased conditions like very thin blood, or 47 
over nervousness, or chronic inflammation of the 
liver may perpetuate it, but the cause more com- 
monly found than all the others combined, is simple 
neglect to obey the calls of nature when made. 
Inherited torpidity of the large intestine and 
chronic inflammation of the liver or other organs 
perhaps can not be overcome, but one's own habits 
can be corrected. Every function of the body has 
its normal period of recurrence and the emptying 
of the bowel is no exception. During the hours of 
sleep the process of digesting the previous day's 
food have been completed, the products of waste 
have been moved along into the large intestine 
ready to be excreted. If given the opportunity, 
very few bowels fail to do their work. But the 
person who pays no attention to the notice given 
him by his bowels stifles their activity and in all 
probability carries the load until the same hour upon 
the following day. This process is repeated again 
and again, as life goes on, until the natural sensitive- 
ness of the bowels is obliterated and they cease 
their calls. Then begins the round of pills, pow- 
ders, salts and oils, to act as physics, each one of 
which leaves the bowel worse than before, after it 
has done its temporary work of unloading. There 
is no medicine that can take the place of correct 
habit in securing the daily stool. 
I said the natural time for the daily stool is in 
the morning. The particular hour of the morning 
will vary with individuals, but the hour that will 
suit the greatest majority of all is the hour follow- 
ing the breakfast. No morning should ever be 
allowed by man, woman or child to go by without 
its daily unloading. No hurry of work, no waiting 
for a more convenient or a more comfortable time 
or place, no false modesty about letting others see 48 
one enter a conspicuous water closet, nor any oth^ 
event should ever be allowed to postpone or pre- 
vent that daily stool. These statements can not be 
made too strong and can not be too frequently 
impressed upon the minds of all, for upon their 
observance depends the best of health during all of 
life. Then I will say the first remedy for Constipa- 
tion is good habits. Whether your bowels give 
warning or not, the first act after breakfast of 
every day in the year is to go to the closet and give 
the bowels an opportunity to move. The cultiva- 
tion of this habit alone will in many cases be all 
that is needed to cure constipation, or to prevent 
it. A word also as to the physiology of the stool. 
The refuse material is swept out of the bowel by a 
wave of contraction, which starting high up in the 
gut runs down toward the exit, exactly as you 
would force the milk from a cow's teat, by starting 
the compression with the upper finger and succes- 
sively squeezing with the other fingers till the 
whole hand has been used. When that contraction 
is over, there is an indefinite period of rest and 
then another wave brings down another load. 
This is repeated until the bowel is emptied of all 
that is prepared for excretion. These facts show 
with certainty that the time for the morning stool 
should not be limited. If after the first wave of 
contraction has brought down the first load, the 
peason leaves the privy and suppresses the sensa- 
tions that occur within the next few minutes, he 
may be certain that the second and third contrac- 
tions have brought down their loads, and those 
loads lie then in the lower bowel, to be carried 
around till the next day, thus lessening the sensi- 
tiveness of the parts and congesting or inflaming the 
organs and laying the foundation of piles and per 49 
petuating constipation. Then do not be in a hurry 
about that act. Remain at stool until the waves of 
contraction have ceased and then you will know 
that the bowel is properly emptied. 
If, after going to the closet, the bowels refuse to 
move, much can be done by judicious kneading of 
the belly. Beginning near the groin, on the right 
side, knead and rub thoroughly the half of the 
bowel upward as far as the margin of the ribs, from 
there across the body to the left side, and thence 
downward to the left groin. Use the ends of the 
fingers and the doubled fist to get well down against 
the intestines within. Sometimes it is well to lay 
the Hat hands upon the belly and bearing on well 
swing them around in the direction indicated above 
for a couple of minutes. All these manipulations 
help to stir up the natural actions, which are 
needed to produce the stool. 
Next to the measures indicated above comes 
the selection of proper foods. All those foods 
which have coarse particles to rub and 
scratch the inside of the intestines are laxative. 
Brown and graham bread are better than white. 
Oatmeal does excellently well with some people, 
while others can not handle it at all. Corn meal 
mush, eaten with milk or sugar, or fried and eaten 
with butter, serves an excellent purpose with many. 
But above all these things in utility is fruit. Fruit 
of all kinds. The fruit juices seem to be laxative 
in themselves, but many of the fruits act just like 
other bulky substances, by their roughness. Apples 
eaten raw, skins, cores and all, are more laxative 
than if peeled and cored, or cooked in any manner. 
In default of fresh fruit, an abundance of dried 
fruit can be had at small cost and it serves an 
excellent purpose. High in the scale of usefulness 50 
stands the dried prune. Properly cooked, it is 
palatable and decidedly laxative. Dried apples, 
while not particularly palatable, if eaten abund- 
antly, will often produce the desired result. 
Many people do not take enough liquid with 
their food and, as a consequence, the products in 
the intestine are too dry, thus moving sluggishly. 
If such people will increase the quantity of water 
swallowed it will immediately produce laxation. A 
glass of cold or of hot water drank before going to 
bed, or the same thing taken upon first arising in 
the morning will many times be all that is neces- 
sary. A little trying of different plans, with differ- 
ent quantities of either hot or cold water, will 
quickly show the best way of taking it. Explicit 
directions can not be given, because no two per- 
sons react exactly alike. A very material increase 
in the quantity of water taken is the main point 
desired. 
Next, after the regulation of the diet, comes 
injections. A simple injection of water will often 
suffice to thoroughly move the bowels and save the 
discomfort of a cathartic. It should always be tried 
before resorting to cathartics, but as a routine, 
daily practice it has objections beyond that of 
inconvenience. In young children, it is preferable 
to the daily drenching with Castoria, Syrup of Figs 
and other drugs upon the popular market. 
Instead of an injection of water, a simple cone 
of hard soap, an inch long and as large as one's 
little finger, introduced into the rectum will often 
serve the purpose well. 
After all these measures have been resorted to 
without success, you are provided in Tablet No. 2 
with a laxative, which is prepared with special 
reference to these cases of chronic constipation. 51 
They are not used for a single physic, but a con- 
tinuous use during a series of days to overcome 
constipation. The object is to get one movement 
of the bowels each morning, and no more. 
To accomplish this purpose take one tablet of 
No. 2 at night, and repeat it each night for a con- 
siderable length of time. If that relaxes the bowels 
too freely, making them move more than once daily, 
cut a tablet in two pieces and take only one of them. 
If a whole tablet proves not enough, add half of an 
other one, thus learning in a few days to regulate 
your dose just to your needs. While taking them, 
do not let up on all other means of taxation, and 
after a period cut down your dose gradually till 
none are taken. It is better, however, to continue 
to use them indefinitely than to allow constipation 
to return with all its attendant ills. 
Sometimes, particularly when general elimina- 
tion is slow and watery excretion in the bowels is 
slack, a course of No. 21| will do much good toward 
correcting the conditions. Give two teaspoonfuls, 
three times a day to an adult, and corresponding 
smaller doses to children. For preparing No. 21| 
see Book IV, Chapter VII. 
CHAP. VIII. Piles. 
Piles are the result of a bad condition of the 
bowels, sometimes of Diarrhoea, but much more 
frequently of constipation. They are enlarged 
blood vessels which, owing to congestion, often 
break and bleed more or less freely. The blood 
often becomes dammed up in them and coagulated, 
thus giving rise to hard lumps which, upon strain- 52 
ing at stool, are rolled out, where the remain till 
replaced by the hand. As just mentioned, they are 
caused by chronic constipation, and hence attention 
should at once be given to overcoming that condi- 
tion (see article on Constipation). Many people 
have acute attacks of piles at long intervals, with 
perfect comfort between the attacks. In such cases 
the protruding tumors should be carefully washed 
with warm water and then pushed carefully back 
by the well greased fingers. The victim should 
lie quietly in bed till the tumors will remain inside 
upon arising to the feet. Should they refuse to 
remain inside, even while lying down, they should 
be carefully returned and a thick pad of folded 
cloth be placed against them to prevent their pro- 
trusion. This pad of cloth should be so folded, or 
rolled rather, as to fit well into the crease between 
the nates and should be fastened firmly in place by 
a T bandage. Such a bandage is made by pinning 
a rather wide belt of cloth firmly about the waist. 
From the middle of the back of this bandage, run 
another strip down and around between the thighs, 
and bringing it up tightly in front, fasten it to the 
waistband. This, by making steady pressure, will 
prevent the piles from protruding, till by some 
other measures relief is obtained. Fill a bottle with 
hot water, wrap it in a towel, and lay it in the bed 
against the affected parts. As an application for 
them you can prepare an ointment from No. 18and 
No. 8. Finely pulverize two tablets of No. 8 and 
mix the powder with a mass as big as a hickory nut 
taken from No. 18. Use this freely as an ointment 
for the piles. 
Such measures give temporary relief and can be 
resorted to from time to time to relieve acute 
attacks, but when piles are once firmly established, 53 
it does not pay to waste time with such manage- 
ment. Refer the case at once to a competent 
surgeon and have the piles removed. The opera- 
tion is not a severe one, it is not expensive and it is 
a perfect success. No other means of cure is now 
known. 
CHAP. IX. Typhoid Fever. 
This much dreaded disease is closely associated 
in practice with the diarrhoeas and other affections 
of the bowels. It is, however, distinct from them 
in the cause of its origin. Neither does it depend 
upon cold or other exposures. It is emphatically a 
contagious disease, depending directly upon a germ 
or microbe, which can be separated and studied, in 
all of its stages of growth and reproduction, in the 
laboratory as well as in the human system. It 
gives rise to a series of symptoms, each one of 
which may be present in any one of a number of 
different affections, but which, when taken together 
and watched for a sufficient time, mark the case so 
distinctly that no one need mistake it. In its early 
development the most skillful physician may be as 
much at fault as the most unskilled, but time clears 
up the case for both alike. It is this very uncertainty, 
during the first week of illness, that makes it all 
the more needful that every householder should be 
reasonably well acquainted with its symptoms in 
order that the right things may be done long before 
it is thought necessary to call in the family physi- 
cian. Of course, no unskilled person should think 
of managing throughout a full-fledged and severe 
case of Typhoid, when a reliable physician is to be 54 
had, because it is a dangerous disease and runs a 
long course of from fifteen to forty days, during all 
of which time the patient is subject to complica- 
tions, which may render fatal an otherwise mild 
attack. It is of the utmost importance that the 
early symptoms should receive proper attention. 
If no Typhoid germs are present, the case is 
cured in a few days and the expense of a doctor is 
saved, but on the other hand, if the germs are there, 
the patient is put in the best possible condition to 
receive the most benefit from the best skill to be 
obtained. As briefly as possible, 1 will speak 
of the Germs-their mode of entry into the system, 
the most common symptoms produced, the treat- 
ment of the symptoms and of the care and feeding 
of the patient. 
First. The Germs and their Mode of Growth. 
The germs, like all other bacteria, are micro- 
scopic plants. They grow and multiply in the 
same manner as other plants of like class, wherever 
planted, and nowhere else. It is as impossible to get 
a case of typhoid fever without planting the germs 
as it is to raise a crop of wheat without sowing the 
field. They thrive best in old, neglected wells, 
damp cellars, on the surface of the ground where 
kitchen slops are thrown sufficiently often to keep 
the ground wet, and in any neglected corner 
where filth is allowed to accumulate. It does not 
follow that filth of any kind is necessary for their 
growth, because if planted in any damp place they 
grow. The freezing of winter does not kill them. 
From their place of growth, they are liable to be 
washed by the rains of spring and summer into the 
well or cistern, from which the family water is 
obtained, from whence they are sure to be carried 
directly to the stomachs of the members of the 55 
household. Springs and open wells are particularly 
liable to be thus contaminated, and as the pests are 
too small to be seen they are swallowed without 
suspicion of danger. They do not fly around in the 
open, dry air and hence the disease is not in the least 
contagious in that way. Once having started 
growth, they multiply by the million within the 
bowels and all the excretions from the bowels, 
kidneys and skin, are loaded with them. All these 
excretions of a Typhoid case must be carefully 
disinfected and disposed of where, by no possible 
means, they can again reach the sources of supply 
of food or drink of well people. Of this 1 will speak 
again under the head of (4) ''Care of the Patient." 
Second The Most Common Symptons. 
The first indication of anything wrong is apt to 
be a sense of weariness without sufficient cause; the 
head is inclined to ache; more or less discomfort 
appears without any one symptom being prominent; 
the appetite gradually falls off, and sleep may be 
disturbed, or on the other hand there may be a ten- 
dency to drowsiness. There is a disinclination to 
exertion of any kind and a sense of over-tire from 
slight, forced exercise. The patient sweats easily 
and has irregular chilling sensations, often followed 
by Hashes of heat. There may be a pronounced 
chill, but not often. These conditions remain from 
a few days to two weeks before the patient really 
knows there is much the matter with him, all the 
symptoms gradually getting worse. The bowels 
are seldom exactly right, and in most of the 
descriptions you will usually find a statement that 
mild diarrhoea occurs. This may be true, but in 
my experience of twenty-five years of practice, I 
have seen obstinate constipation quite as often as 
diarrhoea. Sometimes there is alternation of the 56 
two, one day being diarrhoea and the next consti- 
pation. There is very seldom any pain, outside of 
the headache, and sometimes not even that. 
The patient goes about his work carrying an 
invisible load and wonders what is the matter, or 
indeed if anything is the matter. He is apt to take 
a dose of physic, particularly if constipated, and 
usually gets a result far beyond his expectations- 
three or four movements of the bowels, when he 
only expected one. He may have a little irritation 
in the bronchial tubes and imagines he has 
taken cold, and while clearing his nose have an 
attack of nose bleed. In fact, he may have several 
such attacks. After a few days of this general dis- 
comfort he is lead to consult a physician or to 
examine himself more closely. Nothing further is 
found than already described, except one thing and 
that is important, he has continuous fever. The 
fever may not be high, but it is present all the 
time. It has a regular curve each day. Starting 
from a low point, 99° or 99^°, in the morning it 
rises more or less regularly till late in the after- 
noon, or in the early night, when it reaches 101c or 
102°, or in more acute cases it may go a degree or 
two higher, only to drop back again before the fol- 
lowing morning to near the same point to repeat 
the rise and fall. Each day it is apt to rise a little 
higher than the day before and the strength of the 
whole system to fall a little lower. Gradually, the 
mind becomes less active and a listless condition 
comes on, and the patient takes to his bed more or 
less of his time. If he does not, he ought to do so, 
for with this combination of symptoms, he is pretty 
sure to be "in for" a run of Typhoid Fever. Not 
necessarily so, however, for all these symptoms 
may be produced by a foul condition of intestines, 57 
from which the patient is slowly poisoning himself, 
by re-absorbing products which he should be 
excreting. If the best physician in the land 
were called at this time he could only say: "Here 
are symptoms of Typhoid and we will have to do 
what is best now and wait a day, or a few days, for 
development." Here you can begin your own 
work, or even much earlier than this. I might 
begin to write of the treatment at this point, but I 
prefer to complete the history of a typical case first 
and thus bring the treatment as a whole under one 
heading. The case goes along without any marked 
change much at any one time. His mental condition 
becomes worse. He sleeps much of the time (a 
few cases are wide awake all the time, night and 
day) and notices but little of what is going on. 
His headache disappears and he has no pain. 
Diarrhoea is now pretty apt to develop-his bowels 
become bloated and he is sore over the whole 
bowel, but more particularly over the right side of 
the bowel, opposite and below the navel. He is 
apt to be delirious, especially at night or when 
first roused from sleep. The fever rises higher 
until it reaches 103° in the morning and 104° or 
105° in the evening. The patient takes water 
freely when offered to him, but is often too stupid 
and sleepy to ask for it, although his lips and 
tongue are parched and cracked. Nosebleed is apt 
to continue as a troublesome symptom, and all the 
symptoms simply deepen till the patient dies in the 
second or third, or later week. This is a typical 
severe case. Of course, not all cases are so intense, 
but all have the same general group of symptoms, 
only in a milder form. They do not suffer much, 
and if asked half a dozen times a day how they feel 
they will usually say they feel better. Your ther- 58 
mometer should be used every six hours and the 
record kept. That will tell you more truthfully 
the condition that the patient can. 
But now let us go back to pick up heading 
Third. The Treatment of the Symptoms. 
As said before, when the described symptoms 
first appear, it is not certain that a case of Typhoid 
Fever is on hand. The presence of growing germs 
of Typhoid in the intestines will certainly give 
those symptoms, and so may a fermenting sour 
mass of undigested food. From this foul mass of 
material the system is able to reabsorb sufficient 
poisonous material to give rise to the nervous 
symptoms of chill and hot flashes, of headache and 
weariness, of loss of appetite and slight fever. Nose 
bleed may be accidental. In either case, the thing 
to do is to cleanse the whole alimentary tract and 
thus sweep out the offending material as clean as 
possible. Living germs cannot be gotten rid of as 
a whole, but many of them can be and all of their 
products with them. I would then begin with Tab- 
let No. 1 and take one every hour, with a large 
drink of water, till the bowels move freely. No 
matter if there is diarrhoea-all the more need of a 
cleansing. The water is important. Drink lots of 
it. Repeat the operation every day, taking enough 
of those tablets, one at a time, an hour apart, to 
produce a free, watery movement of the bowels 
and if you get two or three movements of the 
bowels daily, all the better. Don't forget to use 
plenty of water-it furnishes the material with 
which yon wash out the affected intestine. 
There is not sufficient fever and it is too con- 
tinuous to warrant using any fever mixture at all. 
Do not fill up with quinine, or whisky, or iron, or 
cough syrup, or anything else, when you have the 59 
group of symptoms described, but simply use Tab- 
let No. 1, as ordered, with plenty of water. In 
case there is considerable fever and the urine is 
scanty and high-colored, take down Tablet No. 20, 
give one every four hours; this also swallowed with 
a good drink of water. Withhold all solid food. 
Let the patient live on milk, meat broths, oatmeal 
gruel, egg albumen, etc., for the preparation of 
which you will find directions on page 19. 
If the case is slight, the patient will often not 
go to bed at all on account of it, and in the course 
of a few days all the symptoms are gone. When 
the symptoms are severe, however, insist upon the 
patient going quietly to bed and remaining there 
till the least trace of fever is gone. These cases 
often, even when no Typhoid germs are present, 
are obstinate enough to hang on for two weeks, 
but I have never yet seen one that did not finally 
yield to persistent flushing of the bowels with water 
and No. 1, as directed. 
If, however, the symptoms increase and the 
higher fever proves that they are due to Typhoid 
germs, you have made a good beginning and put 
your patient in the best possible shape to stand the 
longer run. Continue your treatment as begun, 
being sure that the bowels are opened two or three 
times daily, until late in the disease, when the dis- 
charges have become natural. After that one good 
movement per day is enough, Do not wait for 
your patient to ask for water, but give it to him 
fresh and cold, two, or three, or four times every 
hour, only letting off during the latter part of the 
the night and early morning, when his fever is 
lowest and he gets his best sleep. Now watch the 
temperature and keep it below 102|°. That must 
be done by bathing. Bring a lounge up beside the 60 
bed and put sufficient old blankets or quilts upon it 
to absorb any water you may spill. Strip the 
patient entirely naked, except his hands and feet, 
which may be quickly wrapped in small shawls, 
and move him onto the lounge. Bring a wash bowl 
of cool water (say 70°) and two or three large towels. 
Dip these towels into the water and wring them 
sufficiently that they will not run water upon the 
bed and spread them over the patient, completely 
covering him with them. By the time you get the 
second one on the first one is hot and should be 
dipped and wrung again, when you will need to dip 
the second one also. Keep at work covering the 
chest, back, arms, bowels and legs with the rapidly 
changed towels. Have plenty of cold water and 
rapidly add more till the bath is as cold as water 
direct from a good cistern or well. In a few minutes, 
turn the patient over to get at the side next the bed, 
which is still hot. Take the temperature every few 
minutes in the mouth of the patient and when the 
thermometer shows that he has dropped below 101 °, 
dry him off rapidly and roll him back into bed and 
cover him lightly. You will be surprised to see 
him drop into a quiet sleep and his temperature 
continue to fall. Lt will not, and probably should 
not, go to the normal point (98|°), but it will come 
down to a point of comfort. Whenever the temper- 
ature goes back to 102|°, repeat the bath. No 
harm can come from it. The patient will not take 
cold. It is the only safe way to fight the fever and 
save the strength. Many put the patient into a 
tub of cold water, but that is impracticable in the 
average home, while the towel bath is easily applied 
and is just as efficient. The patient may object to 
it and say it is uncomfortable. He may look blue 
on the lips and finger tips, when put back to bed. 61 
but it is the only way to save his strength from 
being exhausted with the fever. Repeat it during 
the whole course of any and every case of Typhoid 
Fever just as often as the temperature rises to 
1024°. Perhaps once a day will do, and perhaps 
six times a day may be required. 
Now, this is the whole sum of the active treat- 
ment of a case of uncomplicated Typhoid-free 
movements of the bowels two to four times daily 
during the active stage, and once daily after the 
discharges have become natural, produced by Tab- 
let No. 1-keeping the temperature below 1024° 
all the way through by baths, giving Tablet No. 20 
once in four hours and giving large quantities of 
water all the time. 
Fourth. The General Care of the Patient. 
He should be in a well ventilated room and 
should remain in bed. He should not be allowed 
to lie in one position more than an hour or two at 
a time, but should be rolled first on one side and 
then on the other, and then on the back, because 
through weakness of the heart the blood is liable to 
gradually collect at the lowest point and give rise 
to a congestion of one lung or the other, or in the 
back of both. He may be assisted out of bed for 
movement of bowels or kidneys, but other exertion 
than this should not be allowed. 
When baths are not required to keep down fever 
he should have a sponge bath in cool, tepid water 
once a day, with thorough rubbing of the skin over 
trunk, arms and legs. His sheets and pillow cases 
should be changed daily, or at least every two days, 
and at the same time a clean night shirt should be 
put upon him. Under no circumstances allow him 
to wear underclothing in bed. All clothing from 
his person and bed should be put at once into boil- 62 
ing water. I say boiling water, not simply hot 
water. These garments contain living germs from 
his skin and boiling water kills them. All excre- 
tions from bowels and kidneys should be passed 
into a clean vessel and immediately have poured 
over them a quart or two of boiling water. Empty 
them at once and thoroughly wash the vessel. No 
rinsings of vessels should ever be thrown out upon 
the surface of the ground, but should be placed in 
the sewer or vault, where by no possible means can 
they dry or be blown over the vegetable garden, 
or washed into the well. Those secretions are 
loaded with germs and a few might possibly escape 
the boiling water. Let the nurse thoroughly wash 
his hands everytime he handles the patient or his 
clothing, and then dip them into an antiseptic 
solution, which he can prepare by dissolving two of 
the blue tablets, found in No. 12 of the Cabinet, 
in one quart of water. This solution is a poisonous 
one and should be kept in a position where by no 
possible accident the patient could be allowed to 
drink it. This will keep the hands free from germs 
so that none can be carried from the hands to lips 
of nurse. Do not let the patient be annoyed by 
visitors. Keep flies from the room by proper 
screens and, in short, do just those things that add 
to his present comfort, and nothing else. 
Fifth. Feeding. 
I have spoken of feeding in the body of this 
article. Little may be said here. Give no solid 
food at all. Milk, egg albumen, oat meal gruel, 
extract of beef, meat soups, thickened with a little 
thoroughly cooked rice, etc., must be his food. 
The seat of the disease is in the bowels and bulky, 
solid food will do harm. Late in the disease, when 
the fever has gone for a part of each day, begin to 63 
give a little milk toast, rice pudding, or a very small 
piece of tender beefsteak, but any of these in small 
quantities till the last trace of fever has disap- 
peared. During the whole course of the disease 
the patient should be fed every three hours 
with absolute regularity. Don't ask him if he 
wants anything, but bring him half a glass of 
milk and insist upon his taking the whole of it. 
He can have more if he wants it, but only bring as 
much as you expect him to take. The next three 
hours bring some other, one of those named on page 
19, and see that he takes it, but under no circum- 
stances allow milk or other food to remain in the 
room from one period to the next. Do not have 
fruit standing around the room-it may accident- 
ally get contaminated and infect the nurse, who 
might nibble at it. The patient should not have 
fruit anyway, unless it is a section of an orange 
occasionally, which may be given him to suck. 
Typhoid Fever, managed in this way, is not so 
dangerous a disease as it is usually pictured. With- 
out complications, most cases run their course to 
recovery. When complications occur, they must 
be referred to the family physician, as it is impos- 
sible to treat of these in a work of the size this is 
intended to be. 64 
BOOK II. 
DISEASES OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT. 
CHAP. I. Simple Cold. 
Most books upon the practice of medicine do 
not contain a separate chapter upon Simple Colds. 
The condition is common and well known to every- 
body, and yet the true condition, and the causes of 
that condition, are as hard to define as any ailment 
to which the body is subject. The various symp- 
toms are parts of other and more serious diseases, 
and hence are described in connection with those 
diseases, but the average person knows well when 
he has taken cold and he wants to know what to do 
to break it up. This can be done in most cases. 
It is not necessary that any great exposure or hard- 
ship should occur to "take cold." A slight change 
in the temperature, the leaving off of an accus- 
tomed garment, sitting in a room where the air is 
foul, sleeping in a room illy ventilated, or any one 
of a hundred trivial things, will produce the 
symptoms. 
These symptoms are more or less of a chilly 
sensation, aching of the general body in any degree 
from simple discomfort to violent pains in the 
bones, a sense of fullness in the head, more or less 
rawness of the throat, with possible hoarseness 
sneezing and running at the nose. Any or all of 65 
these may be present, accompanied by slight fever. 
The condition is brought about by spasmodic con- 
traction of the minute blood vessels in the surface 
of the body, thus driving the blood to more internal 
organs. If that spasm can be overcome quickly 
the blood resumes its natural course and inflamma- 
tion of the congested internal organs is relieved. 
Our efforts, then, must be directed at once to 
equalizing the circulation. A hot bath, or if 
that is not convenient, a hot foot bath should be 
taken. While in the bath, the patient should 
drink freely of hot water or hot lemonade. If he 
has come in cold and hungry, do not till up the stom- 
ach with hearty food, but drink hot milk instead. 
Drink freely of it. Immediately after the hot bath 
get into bed and cover up warm. Take two tablets 
of No. 9, if an adult, and one if a child eight or nine 
years old. Younger children do not need this 
medicine at all. Also take one Tablet No. 2. If 
this No. 2 tablet should not open up the bowels 
freely after ten or twelve hours, take a teaspoonful 
of the dry salt, in bottle No. 13, dissolved in half a 
glass of hot water. This dose can be repeated 
every two hours, until the bowels are opened freely. 
If rawness of the throat is a prominent symptom 
nothing is better than frequent gargling with very 
hot water. 
These measures, if promptly applied, will usually 
break up a cold in one day. 66 
CHAP. II. Bronchitis. 
Bronchitis is, in common terms, an acute cold 
upon the lungs. It starts just as already described 
in the chapter upon Simple Cold. The lining 
membrane of the bronchial tubes and the air cells 
in the lungs together make up the internal organs, 
which are congested by the driving of the blood 
from the surface as already described. The same 
condition may be produced by inhaling poisonous 
vapors, as from a gasing coal stove. We now have 
more than a mere congestion. It has become an 
inflammation, and consequently we are certain to 
have considerable fever. The thermometer will 
show a temperature of 100°, or possibly 102° or 
108°. The lungs will be sore and feel raw. Con- 
siderable cough will be present, which at first will 
be dry and painful, but after a few dayswill become 
loose and large quantities of white, frothy sputum 
will be raised. The breathing will be hurried, on 
account of the fever and plugging up of the smaller 
bronchial tubes by mucus. In adults, the condition 
is one of little or no danger, only as it may lead to 
possible pneumonia, but in young children and aged 
people it soon becomes serious, because the children 
do not know how to raise up the discharges and 
old people have not the strength to do so; there- 
fore, in any case of severe bronchitis, in a child or 
aged persons, you had best call your family phy- 
sician. 
TREATMENT OF CHILD WITH BRONCHITIS. 
If possible, keep him in bed. He is better off 
there than in the arms. Grease his chest and throat 
and nose well with any grease you may have on 
hand (sweet oil, chicken oil, goose oil, lard or any 67 
other clean grease). You have in jar No. 18 a good 
preparation for that purpose, but simple lard is just 
as good. 
If the fever is high, get down No. 14 and prepare 
the usual fever mixture, by putting ten drops of it 
into ten teaspoonfuls of water; of this give a tea- 
spoonful once an hour till the fever comes down, 
then smaller doses to keep it down. 
Get down Tablets No. 1 and take out ten of them. 
Give one every hour, alternating with the fever mix- 
ture till the bowels move freely, then discontinue 
the tablets. Crush the tablets and give them as a 
dry powder on the tongue, if the child is too young 
to swallow one whole. 
The child will probably have considerable thirst. 
Let him have all the cold water he wants to drink; 
the more he will take the better, as the water 
keeps kidneys and skin active. After the fever has 
largely gone and the bowels have been freely 
moved, the secretions in the throat and bronchial 
tubes will become more abundant and you can 
hear them rattling at all points of the chest, over 
both lungs, in front and in the back. The objects 
from now on are to save the strength and get rid 
of the secretions. 
To save the strength, keep the child in bed, but 
once a day, or oftener, give it a good rubbing all 
over with the warm hand. Keep up the food 
exactly as you would in a case of diarrhoea, or 
other prostrating illness. (See pages 19 and 22.) 
To get rid of the discharges as fast as possible, 
you will need your cough mixture. Prepare some 
white sugar syrup, exactly as you would if you were 
to eat it on your breakfast table. Get down 
Tablet No. 4 and dissolve two of them in two 
ounces of hot water (using your graduate). Add to 68 
this solution two ounces of your white sugar syrup. 
This makes you four ounces of cough mixture, of 
which you will give two teaspoonfuls to an adult, 
one teaspoonful to a child twelve years old, one- 
half teaspoonful to one six years old, and ten drops 
to a child one year old, every four hours. (You 
have eight ounces of this cough mixture already 
prepared in No. 4|.) 
You will also prepare Tablet No. 20, by dissolv- 
ing eight tablets in four ounces of water. This 
you will also give once in four hours, turn about 
with the cough mixture, thus giving medicine 
every two hours. The dose is the same--two tea- 
spoonfuls to an adult, one to a child of twelve 
years, etc. 
The condition, at best, is going to last a week, 
and it may be prolonged much beyond that time. 
If so, see to it that the child's bowels are kept open 
by repeating the doses of Tablet No. 1, with which 
you started the treatment. Too much can not be 
said about the necessity of pure air in the rooms 
where a bronchitis patient is kept. It is a good plan 
to set a shallow pan of water on the stove, or radi- 
ator, and by allowing it to slowly evaporate, keep 
the air from becoming dry and irritating. Do not 
keep the room either hot or cold, but keep as nearly 
even as possible, at a temperature that is comfort- 
able for the well ones of the household. 
Start (the same as with a child) with the fever 
mixture-ten drops of No. 14 in ten teaspoonfuls 
of water-of which you will give three teaspoon- 
fuls for the first dose and after that one teaspoonful 
once an hour till fever comes down. It may be 
TREATMENT OE AN ADULT WITH BRONCHITIS. 69 
necessary to prepare another batch. During the 
same hours give one of Tablet No. 1 every hour till 
the bowels move more freely, and then discontinue 
the tablets. You are now ready for a cough mix- 
ture. Make some white sugar syrup, exactly as 
you would if you were to eat it upon your pancakes 
for breakfast. Get.down Tablet No. 4 and dissolve 
four of them in four ounces of hot water (using 
your graduate). To this four ounce mixture, add 
add four ounces of your syrup and you have eight 
ounces of cough mixture. This should be pre- 
pared and kept on hand all the time as a standard 
cough mixture. 
You have an eight ounce bottle of it already 
prepared, in your cabinet, labeled No. 4|, Cough 
Mixture. When this is empty, or when by long 
standing, especially in hot weather, it has gotten 
old, a fresh bottle should be prepared. The tablets 
from which it is made never spoil, but the syrup 
may ferment with age. 
The dose of it for an adult is two teaspoonfuls 
repeated once in two to four hours according to 
the needs of the cough. A child twelve years old 
should take one teaspoonful; six years old, one-half 
teaspoonful; one year old, ten to fifteen drops. 
Some people can not take syrupy mixtures, 
because of their effect upon the stomach. Such 
cases can leave the syrup out and simply take the 
watery solution. Of course, the dose is then one 
teaspoonful instead of two, unless four ounces of 
additional water are added to make up for the bulk 
of the syrup. 
During the same days that the cough mixture 
is being used, and more especially if a little of the 
fever remains, prepare another mixture of No. 20. 
for the skin and kidneys. Dissolve eight tablets of 70 
No. 20 in two ounces of water (using your graduate). 
Of this, give a teaspoonful in a little water, once in 
four hours to an adult; half as much to a child 
twelve years old; one-fourth to a child six years old 
and fifteen drops to an infant. 
CHAP. TH. For Simple Coughs Without Fever. 
Open up the bowels freely with No. 1 tablets, 
giving one every hour till results are gotten. Then 
use the cough mixture and fever mixture just 
described. 
CHAP. IV. Inflammation of the Throat. 
Under this common head are grouped a large 
number of differing affections,-some of which are 
mild and others severe. They are distinguished by 
the physician according to their location in the 
throat, the intensity of their action and the cause 
of their origin. 
The doctor, when called, will tell you the case 
is one of acute simple pharyngitis, or chronic tonsi- 
litis, or follicular naso-pharyngeal catarrh, or sup- 
purative tonsilitis, all of which are to him simple 
terms and exactly describ conditions. All these, and 
many more, occur; but you will not be able to dis- 
tinguish the separate types, and it is not necessary 
that you should. You need to recognize a few of 
the prominent distinguishing symptoms and learn 
to apply the simple remedies provided in your case. 
Tn the chronic types, and the cases accompanied by 71 
high fever and great prostration, you will call your 
family physician, but in the simpler cases you will 
manage alone. The severer cases you will have 
prepared for his better work before the doctor 
arrives, providing there is any delay in his coining. 
First. Simple Sore Throat. 
This condition everybody knows. The patient, 
be he child or adult, has taken cold. He may, or 
may not. have some chilly sensations about the 
back, his nose feels stuffy and full, there may or 
may not be a little headache between the eyes, the 
voice may be a little hoarse and the throat a little 
sore. Sometimes swallowing becomes quite pain- 
ful. The thermometer will probably show a 
temperature of 99|° up to 102°, and upon examina- 
tion the throat will show some swelling and an 
evenly spread redness. The throat will not be a 
blue-red, but a pink-red, and there will be no white 
patches in it. This is the result of a simple cold, 
which upon the next day may give trouble in the 
bronchial tubes, or further down in the lungs. If 
there is high fever, get down your fever mixture, 
No. 14, as usual and put ten drops of it into ten 
teaspoonfuls of water, of which give a teaspoonful 
once an hour. If there is little or no fever this will 
not be necessary. Also get down ten tablets of No. 
1 and give one tablet every hour till the bowels 
move, alternating it with the fever mixture, in those 
cases where you need to give the fever mixture. 
Also get down No. 15 and put two drachms of it 
into two ounces, using your graduate to measure it. 
This is a wash for the throat. First gargle the 
throat with hot water till it is clear of all dis- 
charges. Then put a teaspoonful of your prepared 
throat wash into the mouth, let it run backward 
into the throat, till it bathes all the parts and then 72 
swallow it. Do this once an hour. In cases where 
you do not use the fever mixture, put this proceed- 
ure in its place, alternating with the No. 1 tablet. 
It may be necessary to keep up the washing of the 
throat occasionally for a day or two, but this is all 
that is usually necessary for this condition. 
Second. Sore Throat with Patches of Exudation. 
This is very much like the foregoing, or Simple 
Sore Throat, except the symptoms are more severe. 
The patient feels worse, there are decided chilly 
sensations, the thermometer shows a temperature 
of 102® or 103® the throat is swollen and red, very 
much as in Simple Sore Throat, but on the sides of 
the tonsils, or on the walls of the back chamber of 
the throat, you will see some little white dots 
starting, no larger than mustard seeds, but grad- 
ually increasing in size, till they run together, 
making patches of considerable size. This condi- 
tion is often mistaken for diphtheria and causes 
unnecessary alarm. Remember that in this trouble 
the throat is bright red, or pink-red, and not blue- 
red, as it is in diphtheria. The patches are simply 
exudation lying on the surface and easily wiped off 
with a swab of cotton on a stick, while diphtheria 
patches are a part of the throat itself and can not 
be wiped off. The disease is apt to last several 
days (about one week) and produces a good deal of 
depression. The patient always wonders, when he 
begins to go about again, what has made him so 
weak. The disease, however, is never dangerous to 
life, its worst feature being its resemblance to 
diphtheria, which might lead to mistaking the more 
serious disease for the mild one. If there is marked 
blueness in the throat, or the white patches become 
gray and are surrounded by a ring of angry red 
tissue, or if in a child the least hoarseness comes 73 
on, lose no time in sending for your family physi- 
cian, for you may have a case of genuine diphtheria 
on hand. In case you are satisfied, however, that 
the case is as I have described, or if it is to be 
some time before the doctor is to arrive, goto work 
at once. 
For the fever, as in all other cases, ten drops of 
of No. 14 in ten teaspoonfuls of water in a tumbler. 
Of this give one teaspoonful once an hour till fev^r 
conies down and thereafter smaller doses sufficient 
to hold it down. 
Get down ten tablets of No. 1 and give one 
every hour till the bowels move freely. During 
following days, repeat these tablets in the same 
way, should the bowels need moving again. 
Get down No. 16 and put one drachm (using 
your graduate) of it into a tumbler full of water. 
Also put into this same tumbler of water five tab- 
lets of No. 7. See that they are dissolved, crushing 
them, if necessary, before they are put in. This is 
a preparation for the throat and should be allowed 
to touch all parts of it and then swallowed, a tea- 
spoonful at a time once an hour. To make it more 
efficient, the throat should be carefully washed 
with hot water each time before taking. Use the 
hot water gargle freely. In case the patient is a 
child and can not gargle, get out your little glass 
syringe and let one person hold the child upright 
on his lap, while the other presses down the tongue 
with the handle of a spoon, exposing the throat 
well and at the same instant throws the stream of 
water from the syringe into the back chamber of 
the throat. This will not hurt the child, nor even 
strangle it. but it will wash the throat well and the 
TREATMENT. 74 
washings, with plenty of discharges, will run out of 
the mouth upon its bib, put there to catch it. This 
hourly cleansing of the throat is all important, 
because the foul discharges lying there, if not washed 
away, will be more or less absorbed, and cause 
swelling of the glands under the chops. 
Not only will they cause swelling of the glands, 
but also they will gradually poison the whole 
system and create an amount of depression difficult 
to rally from. After the washing with the water, 
g*ve a teaspoonful of the throat medicine. You 
may give a swallow7 of water after this, to wash the 
taste out of the mouth. This medicine will stain 
the tongue and throat dark colored and also color 
the bowel discharges, but that need give you no 
anxiety. It will also stain cloth, so be somewhat 
careful of the clothing in handling it. It may be 
necessary to fix a second tumblerful of this prepar- 
ation before all the patches in the throat are gone. 
As soon, however, as the patches are well out of 
the way, set that mixture aside and make another 
from No. 15, by putting two drachms in two ounces 
of water (using your graduate) and using it in 
exactly the same way as directed with the first 
throat medicine. Through the whole, do not for- 
get the frequent washing of the throat, to keep the 
discharges washed away. As the amount of those 
discharges lessen and the symptoms subside, of 
course, the washings can be put farther and farther 
apart, till they can be discontinued. 
As this disease usually lasts a whole week, care 
must be given to the feeding. Meat broths, milk, 
egg albumen, (see page 19) etc., are the appropriate 
foods. From the intensity of the soreness of the 
throat the patient will often refuse to take food, 
even though hungry. If often occurs that soft. 75 
half solid things are swallowed more easily than 
milk or soup. Under such circumstances, egg 
custard, corn starch pudding, milk toast, etc., will 
be found useful. 
CHAP. V. Quinsy. 
This common and well known disease is an 
inflammation of the tonsil, which usually does not 
subside until matter is formed in a boil. It then 
breaks and empties itself, giving almost immediate 
relief. It takes about a week for the disease to run 
its full course, and after once fairly under headway 
nothing will stop it. People who have it once are 
very liable to have it again, some having one or two 
attacks yearly for a long series of years. 
It usually follows exposure to cold. It develops 
rapidly, the throat becoming sore and painful, 
much more so than in the common forms of sore 
throat or diphtheria. The temperature rises often 
to 104° or 105°. The swelling in the throat is 
great, the tonsils protruding toward the middle 
line. Commonly, the swelling is all on one side. 
When that is the case the diagnosis is easily made, 
but frequently both tonsils are affected at once. 
Under such circumstances, the swelling is so great 
as to completely shut off the view of the back wall 
of the throat by the meeting of the tonsils in front 
of it. The glands in the neck and at the angles of 
the jaws are apt to be swollen also, thus making 
the opening of the mouth almost impossible. Dis- 
charges from the mouth of saliva and mucus are 
very plentiful. The patient is unable to eat, to sleep, 
to swallow, and almost to breathe-making a condi- 76 
tion of discomfort out of all proportion to the 
danger of the case. There is little or no danger, 
although much suffering. 
As the disease can not get well till the abscess 
breaks, the main object of treatment is to hasten 
that event and incidentally to make the patient as 
comfortable as possible. 
There are three main objects in view: 1. Clear 
out the bowels for the general health. 2. Reduce 
the fever to save the strength. 3. Favor the sup- 
puration to hasten the rupture of the abscess. 
As usual, in all acute diseases, get down Tablet 
No. 1 and give one every hour till the bowels move; 
then cease till during later days, when the bowels 
may need another course of the same kind. 
At the same time, get down No. 14 and mix ten 
drops of it with ten teaspoonfuls of water. Of this 
mixture give a teaspoonful every hour till the fever 
drops below 101°. After that give less doses, just 
sufficient to hold the temperature at or below that 
point. It will be necessary to mix more than one 
batch of it before the disease is ended. 
To meet the third requirement, that of favoring 
suppuration, the application of heat is best. 1 
would not put on wet poultices, because they are 
so difficult to manage and keep hot-but a hot 
water bag is unobjectionable. A small sack of hot 
salt, changed often enough to be kept hot, does 
very well, or glass bottles filled'with hot water and 
wraped in towels may be held against the throat. 
But of more service than this is the constant appli- 
cation of hot water inside of the throat in form of 
a gargle. Fill the mouth with water, as hot as it 
can be borne, and by throwing back the head let 
the water run back and bathe the swollen throat. 
Do not churn and rasp the throat with the sounds 77 
commonly called gargling, but simply hold the 
mouth full of hot water. Do this a hundred times 
a day. Your time isn't worth very much at any- 
thing else while you have Quinsy and you might as 
well put it in holding hot water in the mouth. 
You can do some good by an occasional washing 
with a mixture made from No. 15. Put one drachm 
of it into one ounce of water (using your graduate) 
and about once an hour take a couple of teaspoon- 
fuls of the mixture into the mouth, letting it run 
back to bathe the throat the same as the water 
ordered above. As soon as the abscess breaks the 
pain is relieved and recovery takes place. 
CHAP. VI. False Croup. 
This is the disease commonly called Croup, by 
mothers of children, but it is not Croup at all. True 
Croup is accompanied by false membrane in the voice 
box, (Larynx) and from it very few children recover, 
while False Croup has no membrane and no chil- 
dren die. It is the fear that any given case may be 
the genuine true croup, that renders it so terrible 
to the mother's ears, but when she once learns to 
distinguish it, she can calm her fears, for she may 
know her child will not die. 
In the first place, it comes on suddenly, almost 
always in the night, or if in the day time, after a 
nap. The child rouses up with a loud, hoarse, 
barking cough. This cough is apt to scare him and 
he tries to cry--the cry is equally hoarse. He 
looks about wildly and gasps for breath, which only 
comes with wheezing that can be heard all over the 
house. Outside of this awful choking, the child is 78 
well and the thermometer will show that the 
temperature is normal-between 98° and 99°. 
Of course, the child suffers for breath and from 
fright, but do not be alarmed; he is not going to 
die, and you need not rush off for a doctor either. 
Wring a cloth, the size of a table napkin, from a 
basin of ice cold water (if you haven't ice, use cold 
well or cistern water) and lay it over the front of his 
neck, covering the voice box (Larynx). Around this 
wrap a dry towel. Change the napkin every few 
minutes to keep it cold. The terrible sound of the 
cough is due to spasm of the vocal cords-the cold 
will overcome that spasm. 
I usually, when called to such cases, give a little 
of the material you have in No. 14. Mix it as usual, 
ten drops to ten teaspoonfuls of water in a glass, 
and give two teaspoonfuls for the first dose, repeat- 
ing with one teaspoonful every half hour till the 
symptoms subside. If the bowels are at all consti- 
pated. open them by giving a tablet from No. 1 
every half hour till the bowels move. Many people 
keep an emetic in the house ready for this disease, 
but I have seldom found it necessary to so far dis- 
turb the child. If the case proves obstinate, you 
may make the child vomit by giving a half tea- 
spoonful of powdered alum in a little syrup of some 
sort, followed immediatly with a tumbler of warm 
water. If you do not have those articles in the 
house, a half a teaspoonful of mustard, stirred up 
in a cup of water will answer. But, as I said above, 
I do not find those measures necessary. The cold 
to the throat, the No. 14 mixture and the No. 1 
tablet being sufficient. 
The attack is liable to return at a later hour in 
the night, or on the succeeding night, but usually 
between times the child is well as ever. 79 
CHAP. VII. Croup. (Membranous or True.) 
By the term Croup, I mean True or Membranous 
Croup. This disease has in the past been consid- 
ered as distinct and non-contagious, affecting young 
children only. But since the germs, which cause 
the disease, have been studied, it is known that it 
is identical with Diphtheria. 
It is unfortunate that it was ever separated from 
that disease, as it is hard to get rid of old ideas that 
are firmly held. People who have True Croup in 
the house object to being quarantined for Diph- 
theria, but quarantined they should be, because 
the two names are now known to mean the same 
thing. The reason of their ever being confounded 
is found in the location of the false membrane, or 
Diphtheria patches. In the ordinary case those 
patches appear in the throat, while in the so-called 
cases of Croup they are farther down in the voice 
box (Larynx) and on the vocal cords. In that posi- 
tion they can not be seen. 
The approach of the disease is identical with 
that of Diphtheria. The child is sick and not 
inclined to play. It is apt to vomit, or in some 
cases to have a convulsion. It "dumps"around for 
one, two or three days, gradually getting worse 
Toward night, he is apt to be a little hoarse, 
but not sufficient to alarm the mother. The next 
morning, it may feel better and be inclined to play, 
but only to get bad again, with increasing hoarse- 
ness in the afternoon. The bowels and digestion 
may be perfectly natural, but if they are disturbed, 
that disturbance is no necessary part of its Croup. 
The thermometer will now show a considerable 
rise of temperature, say 101° to 108°. 
Gradually the hoarseness increases and the child 80 
tries to clear the throat by coughing. At first the 
cough is loud and rasping, but after a little the 
sound of the cough is suppressed altogether, or to a 
little high pitched squeak. 
These symptoms are sufficient to enable any one 
to be pretty sure that they have a case of True 
Croup on hand, and not a minute's time should be 
lost in summoning the most reliable doctor avail- 
able, who will promptly use anti-toxine. It is 
Diphtheria, and nothing else, but located in the 
voice box (Larynx), the most dangerous locality 
that it ever invades. 
For your own management, before the doctor 
arrives, turn to the article on Diphtheria, Chapter 
VIII, and follow directions there laid down. 
CHAP. VIII. Diphtheria. 
Diphtheria, in a strictly correct classification, 
does not belong in this place, but owing to its 
resemblance in many of its features to the last dis- 
ease, I have placed it here. 
Let me say at once that it is a virulent con- 
tagious disease and should never be allowed to run 
without the attention of the most skillful physi- 
cian to be had. In fact, my only excuse for putting 
a description of it in this book is that its symptoms 
may be recognized early enough to warn the 
patient and his friends to send for the family phy- 
sician. It will also give them a chance to begin 
treatment, which shall be just so much done, and 
done correctly, when the doctor arrives. 
The patient coming down with Diphtheria is 
sick-he is sick all over. If a child, he is not 81 
inclined to play, and if an adult, he has a disinclin- 
ation to all exertion. He has headache and aching 
of the bones all over. The bowels and digestion 
may be all right, but if they are not it is a mere 
coincidence and no necessary part of the disease. 
There is apt to be more or less chilly sensations, or 
perhaps a decided shaking chill. In children, often 
there is a convulsion and quite frequently vomit- 
ing. Upon taking the temperature with the ther- 
mometer, the temperature will be found usually to 
be as high as 102°, or it may be 104° or 105°. The 
throat will be sore, and upon examination, it will 
be found red and swollen. There will be some 
enlargement and hardening of the glands, under 
the angle of the jaws on one or both sides. 
Upon holding down the tongue and looking into 
the mouth, you will find more or less of ashy gray 
spots, not beginning in pin-like points and then 
running together, but in larger areas of the gray 
patches, each surrounded with a ring of deeply con- 
gested membrane, and the whole throat of a more 
or less blue-red appearance which looks ugly. 
The gray patches are not mucus which has been 
poured out upon the membrane and can not be 
wiped off with a bit of cotton on a stick, but they 
are the lining membrane itself, and if torn off leave 
a bleeding surface beneath. The patches are liable 
to extend into the nose and the swelling and dis- 
charge so plug it up as to partially or wholly pre- 
vent the patient breathing through his nostrils. It 
may extend anywhere about the throat and thus get 
into the voice box (Larynx) upon the vocal cords, first 
making the patient hoarse and later shutting off his 
breath. When this last occurs, it is called Croup 
and cannot be distinguished from the old well 
known disease called True or Membranous Croup. 82 
The gray patches being really pieces of dead mem- 
brane, soon turn dark, or even black, and give off a 
foul smell of rotting flesh. These symptoms are 
sufficient to enable the unskilled person to recog- 
nize the nature of the disease, although very much 
more might be written. Particularly would I call 
attention to the danger when a child with fever, 
vomiting and sore throat, begins to get hoarse, 
even though no patches can be seen in the throat. 
They may be too far down to be seen, but they are 
there and are extending to the vocal cords. Not a 
minute's time should be lost in calling the doctor, 
but before he comes you can begin his work. Put 
the patient to bed and keep him there. Have the 
room abundantly ventilated. Clear out the bowels 
to prepare him for the seige that is to come, reduce 
the temperature with a fever mixture and clean 
and disinfect the throat as often and as completely 
as possible. 
To clear out the bowels, get down some tablets 
of No. 1 and give one every half hour till the 
bowels move freely. If ten are not enough, go on 
giving more till you have given enough. If vomit- 
ing occurs and tablets are lost, or if the patient is a 
child and cannot swallow tablets, crush them and 
drop the small powders dry upon the tongue. In 
later days during the disease, if the bowels need 
moving again, move them in the same way again. 
At the same time get down No. 14 and put out 
ten drops (measured with the dropper) into a 
tumbler and add ten teaspoonfuls of water. Of 
this mixture give a teaspoonful every hour till the 
temperature conies down below 101°, then give 
smaller doses, just enough to hold the temperature 
down. Let these two medicines alternate with 83 
each other, thus letting the patient have medicine 
every half hour. 
Next comes the most important thing of all, 
cleaning the throat. And right here, let me say to 
the person doing it, look out that the patient does 
not, by coughing, throw the discharges from his 
throat into your face and by implanting it upon 
your lips, nostrils or eyes, give you the disease. The 
poison germs are there in the throat by the million 
and everything that comes out, discharges, spoons, 
swabs, syringes, bibs, everything must go at once 
into boiling hot water, or into a disinfecting solution, 
which 1 will presently tell you how to prepare. 
Get down No. 15 and put an ounce of it into a tum- 
bler. Add two ounces of water, using your grad- 
uate. Then have the patient wash and gargle the 
mouth and throat with hot water, getting it as 
clean as possible. Get down your little syringe 
and, if the patient is a child, use that to cleanse 
the throat with the hot water, being careful that 
the water is not so hot as to scald the child. This 
operation is readily done as follows: Set the child 
upright in someone's lap and hold his hands. With 
your left hand hold down the tongue with a spoon 
handle till the throat can be well seen, then with 
the right hand throw a stream of the hot water, 
with considerable force, back into the back cham- 
bers of the throat. This will neither hurt nor 
strangle the child, but the water will run forward 
and out of the mouth, carrying with it a lot of 
stringy mucus and foul discharges which if left to 
soak into the tissues of the throat will slowly poi- 
son the patient. After the throat is well washed 
by the water, then fill your syringe with the medi- 
cine just prepared from No. 15, and throw one syr- 
ingeful of that into the throat just as you did the 84 
water. Repeat this operation of cleansing the 
throat and applying the throat wash in this man- 
ner every hour day and night till the condition of 
the throat improves, and then somewhat less often 
for several days longer till the throat is well and 
all fever is gone. Now, don't omit this hourly at- 
tention to the throat. It is far more important 
than any medicine that can be swallowed. When 
the doctor comes he will probably inject antitoxine 
under the skin. That is all right and should be 
done, but you can't afford to wait for that, and 
even after it is done the throat needs constant at- 
tention. In most cases that die, the death is due 
to absorbed poisons, and those are what you have 
been washing away. 
You will probably get more or less of these poi- 
sons upon your hands while washing the throats, 
particularly of children, and certainly your glass 
syringe will be contaminated. You can't put your 
hands nor the glass syringe into boiling water, so 
you must have a disinfecting solution for them. 
Get down blue Tablet No. 12, and put two of them 
into eight ounces of warm water in a bowl large 
enough to dip your hands in. Remember this is 
poisonous. Better label it in some way, or have it 
in such a dish that nobody would ever think of 
mistaking it for either of the medicines which are 
being given. Every time after washing the throat 
of the patient, dip your syringe into this disinfect- 
ing solution and also your own hands, so that by no 
possibility can you carry the diphtheria germs 
into your own mouth or eyes. Never have any 
fruit or food of any kind sitting in the room for 
attendants to nibble, as they might thus become 
infected. 
This line of management patiently and persist- 85 
ently carried through, will save the uncompli- 
cated cases, but there are a legion of complications 
liable to arise of which I have thought it best to 
not even speak, as they should only be managed by 
the doctor on the spot. 
Of course, careful attention should be given to 
feeding. Milk, egg albumen, soups, oat meal 
broth, etc., are the foods. To prepare them, see 
article on Digestive Diarrhoeas of Children. 
CHAP. IX. Pleurisy. 
Pleurisy is an acute inflammation of the Pleura. 
The Pleura is the membrane which lines the entire 
cavity of the chest. It not only lines the inside of 
the chest walls, but by complicated foldings inward 
covers the entibe outside surface of all the organs 
lying within the chest. It thus happens that two 
surfaces of the Pleura are brought face to face 
between the body walls and the lungs lying inside 
of those walls, with every breath the chest 
expands to receive the incoming air and contracts 
to expel that air. The two surfaces of the Pleura 
thus, in health, slide over each other without noise 
or pain If from any cause these surfaces become 
inflammed they become very sensitive and the pain 
caused by their necessary sliding motion with each 
breath, becomes very severe. With every attempt 
to take in breath, the pain cuts it off before it has 
reached its natural depth and the respiration, in 
severe cases, becomes panting and most agonizing. 
Many different causes may bring this condition 
about, but it is only necessary to name two or 
three of them here, as in complicated cases the 86 
family physician will be called. External injuries, 
with or without the splintering of a rib, frequently 
cause this inflammation, but simple congestion 
from exposure to cold and wet, or the extension of 
the inflammation of a lung in Pneumonia are the 
most common causes. It is always (except in very 
extensive injuries) confined to one side, and usually 
to a small patch near the lower margin of the ribs 
on that one side. 
Neuralgia in the nerve trunks that lie in the 
spaces between the ribs may be mistaken for it, 
but other evidences of neuralgia will also be pres- 
ent. In neuralgia there is never fever. 
An attack of Pleurisy, following an injury to 
the chest, or coming on during an attack of pneu- 
monia, will be readily recognized, because there is 
nothing else liable to give that sharp pain behind 
the ribs, in a small patch upon one side, which cuts 
off every breath as it comes into the lungs. When 
originating from cold it is sometimes more difficult 
to recognize. It begins with slight appearance of a 
cold, perhaps with a chill, the thermometer will 
show a rise of temperature to 100° to 102°. 
Accompanying this will be the pain above described. 
The tongue will be coated white and the breathing 
short and quick, owing to the attempt of the patient 
to prevent that sliding motion of the two surfaces 
of the Pleura upon each other. A little later 
nature comes to the rescue of the sufferer and pours 
out from the blood a watery discharge between 
those two membranes which separates them and 
allows them to move over each other without 
touching. This water, of course, takes up space 
normally intended for air and if poured out in 
great quantities, as sometimes happens, must be 
drawn off by the surgeon, but that part of the 87 
treatment it is not my purpose to discuss, because 
all such cases will be in the hands of the attending 
practitioner. My object is simply to teach you to 
recognize the disease and to apply the necessary 
remedies for the cure of the simple cases and to 
properly start the treatment in the severer cases 
before the doctor has had time to arrive. 
Three indications of treatment present them- 
selves: 
First. To quiet the intense pain. 
Second. To limit the motion of the chest and 
thus lessen the sliding motion of the two surfaces 
of the Pleura. 
Third. To relieve the congestion and thus cut 
short the inflammation already begun. 
In Tablet No. 3 you have the means of con- 
trolling the pain. To a child ten to fifteen years 
old give one tablet once in two or three hours, as 
may be needed to control the pain. Children 
younger than that seldom have the disease. Do 
not give any more of them than are needed. Stop 
entirely, or put doses farther apart as the pain sub- 
sides. To an adult give two or even three tablets 
a at time, if so many are needed. 
To limit the motion of the chest, get down your 
roll of surgeon's plaster, No. 24. Cut off with your 
scissors two strips of it long enough to go clear 
around the body. Warm these strips over a lamp 
or the stove, and put them right around the body, 
over the lower ribs, tight enough to prevent the 
expansion of the lower part of the chest, as the 
chest fills with air. This will make the patient 
fill more fully the upper part of the lungs, and the 
lower, deeper parts, will expand downwards 
against the soft organs in the belly cavity below. 
Be careful to adjust these adhesive strips evenly. 88 
putting them about an inch apart. You can readily 
see that this tight, adhesive band will prevent the 
sliding motion of the two surfaces of the Pleura, of 
which I have been speaking. Leave these adhesive 
strips in place several days, or till the inflamma- 
tion has subsided. 
To meet the third indication, that of relieving 
congestion, do exactly as ordered in a hundred 
other diseases. Get down Tablet No. 1 and give 
one every hour till the bowels move freely; then 
drop them till the following day, or later, when the 
bowels show an inclination to be sluggish, when 
you repeat the operation. At the same time that 
you are giving these Tablets No. 1, give every hour 
one drop doses of No. 14. This you will fix in a 
glass by putting ten drops into ten teaspoonfuls of 
water and giving a teaspoonful of the mixture 
every hour. Alternate with Tablet No. 1, thus 
giving medicine every half hour. These two rem- 
edies going together will lessen the fever, even the 
circulation of the blood and relieve the congestion 
in the inflammed Pleura. 
If it should happen, after a day or two, that the 
skin remains dry and hot, the tongue coated and 
the urine scanty and high-colored, get down Tablet 
No. 20. Of this tablet, No. 20, dissolve ten in four 
ounces of water (using your graduate). Of this 
mixture, give a teaspoonful once in four hours, 
through to the end of the disease. 
If after a week's time the pain is gone, but the 
fever is inclined to remain, and the breath remains 
short, it is probable that there is an accumulation 
of fluid between the Pleural surfaces, which ought 
to be removed. The operation of removing it is a 
simple one, but it can only be done by your 
physician. 89 
CHAP. X.-Pneumonia. 
Pneumonia is the most dangerous of all the 
acute diseases of the lungs. It is an acute inflam- 
mation of the proper tissues of the lungs themseves 
as distinguished from bronchitis on the one side, 
which is an inflammation of the lining of the air 
cells in the lungs, and pleurisy on the other side, 
which is an inflammation of the lining of the chest 
walls and covering of the lungs. Pneumonia often 
goes under the name of Lung Fever, or "Inflamma- 
tion of the Lungs." It occurs under two or three 
quite distinct types, which are readily enough dis- 
tinguished by the physician, but you have no need 
to go into the distinctive symptoms, because your 
treatment of all the different types will be the 
same. If the case is severe at the beginning, you 
will call your physician, anyway. If it is mild fine 
distinctions need not be made. 
The disease usually appears to be the result of 
a severe cold, although it may develop without any 
exposure that can be traced. It sometimes appears 
in groups, two, three or four members of the same 
family taking it one after another as though it 
were contagious, but the method of its contagion 
has not been made out. Usually, however, it fol- 
lows exposure to cold, and only one case in the 
household appears. It may follow or precede an 
attack of pleurisy (described in the last preceding 
article), or it may appear to grow out of a bronchi- 
tis (described a few pages earlier), but in all cases 
it is the same disease and requires the same man- 
agement. Promptness in dealing with it is all im- 
portant. The few hours that intervene between 
the attack and the arrival of the doctor, if you did 
nothing in the meantime, might well be just the 90 
determining element between saving the life and 
losing it. Therefore, learn the symptoms of the 
disease so you can recognize it and, although you 
may send for the doctor, begin your own work 
promptly. 
The disease usually comes on with a chill, some- 
times very slight, but at other times very pro- 
nounced, the teeth chattering as with the ague. 
Headache and aching of the bones is often promi- 
nent, the face is flushed and the cheeks red. A 
child may have a convulsion. The breathing is 
very hurried and shallow and there is pain in the 
lung, on one or the other side. The degree of this 
pain is very variable, sometimes being very slight 
and at others most agonizing. 
In those cases of very severe pain it is probable 
that the case is complicated with pleurisy. The 
fever is high, reaching from 103° to 106° and there 
is a constant call for cold water. Owing to the 
high fever, there may be delirium right on the 
start. There is always more or less cough, which 
is very painful, the pain being referred to a par- 
ticular spot. This spot is not the same in all cases, 
but its most common location is either just behind 
the breast bone, in front or beneath the lower ribs, 
in one or the other side. With the cough at first 
there is little sputum raised, that sputum being 
white and frothy, but soon it becomes streaked red 
with blood. 
In a young child, of course, nothing is raised, 
because it swallows the sputum coming into its 
throat. It has the cough, just the same as the 
adult, and invariably it makes a wry face and 
sometimes cries after each attempt to cough, 
because of the pain the operation causes. 
Now, these symptoms are few and easily recog- 91 
nized. It is true that they all vary in intensity, 
but careful observation will recognize them. The 
doctor will tap on the chest, and put his ear down 
to catch the sounds of the breathing, and by so 
doing, learn much of the case, but you have not the 
skill to get any valuable information in that way, 
and you do not need it. Careful noting of the 
symptoms given will determine the disease and the 
treatment that is to follow will be the same. 
The indications for treatment are 
First. To Relieve Congestion of the Lung. 
Second. To Relieve Pain. 
In the first indication is the whole necessary 
part of the treatment, as by relieving the conges- 
ion you lessen the fever, subdue inflammation 
already present and prevent the extension of the 
disease to any additional parts of the lungs, which 
are as yet not affected. 
Your patient must be put to bed in a comfort- 
able, well-ventilated room and kept there. In mild 
cases they may want to move about, or sit up in a 
chair, or if a child be carried in the arms, but none 
of this had best be allowed. The quieter in bed or 
crib the patient can be kept the better. 
Get down Tablet No. I and give one every hour 
till the bowels move freely. Then stop these tab- 
lets till on some later day the bowels may show 
they need opening again, when you will repeat the 
operation. Also get down No. 14 and put twenty 
drops of it into twenty teaspoonfuls of water. Of 
this mixture give to an adult four teaspoonfuls for 
the first dose and one teaspoonful each hour there- 
after. To a child, start with one teaspoonful and 
repeat with one the same as to an adult, till the 
liever is diminished. You probably will have to 
mix up more of this medicine before you get 92 
through, as it is probable that the patient will need 
it during several days. These two medicine, No. 1 
and No. 14, being each given once an hour, should 
be alternated with each other, thus giving the 
patient medicine every half hour. If pain is not 
very severe and cough not distressing, no other 
medicine need be given for a couple' of days, 
but should both be present get down Tablet No. 3 
and give one every three hours to a child ten or 
fifteen years old and two every three hours to an 
adult. To a child under ten years old you had 
better not give any. As the object of this med- 
icine is to quiet, it should be discontinued as 
soon as pain is controlled, or the doses put farther 
apart, only using enough to secure comparative 
ease. 
At the very beginning of the disease get down 
your roll of cotton. Take a piece of ordinary cot- 
ton cloth, long enough to go around the body, close 
up under the arms, and wide enough to reach from 
the highest point under the arms to a point below 
the lowest rib. Spread this cloth bandage upon the 
table and lay over it everywhere a layer of the 
cotton a good half inch thick. Baste the cotton all 
around the edges to the cloth bandage, thus making 
a thick, warm band, which will cover in the whole 
chest. Sew shoulder straps or suspenders near the 
middle of one edge. Now take some oil (any oil 
will do--sweet oil, chicken oil, goose grease or fresh 
lard), and grease the chest all over thoroughly 
before and behind, setting your patient up in bed 
to do it, and removing his clothing. Now, put the 
thick, prepared bandage around him, as high up as 
arms will allow, with'the soft cotton next the skin. 
Fasten with safety pins and bring the shoulder 
straps over the shoulders, and pinning them in front 93 
to prevent the whole bandage from slipping down. 
Once a day this bandage can be unpinned, the chest 
well rubbed and re-oiled and the bandage put back. 
Make a new bandage whenever the soft cotton gets 
displaced. Keep the bandage on for two or three 
weeks and remove a layer at a time when it is to 
be taken oft'. 
By the end of two or three days from the begin- 
ning of the attack, the urine is apt to become scanty 
and high-colored. Then get down Tablet No. 20. 
Of this tablet, No. 20, dissolve fifteen in four ounces 
of water (using your graduate). Of the solution, 
give one teaspoonful once in four hours. 
After a week's time the cough will begin to get 
loose, the blood, if there has been any in the spu- 
tum, will have largely or entirely disappeared. The 
patient now no longer ought to have the fever mix- 
ture, No. 14, nor the pain tablet, No. 3, but he 
should begin to take a cough mixture which you 
have in Tablet No. 4. Dissolve four tablets of No. 
4 in four ounces of hot water, using your graduate to 
measure it. Add to this mixture four ounces of 
sugar syrup, which you will make exactly as though 
you were preparing it to eat on the breakfast pan- 
cakes. When you have added this four ounces of 
syrup to your four ounces of wTater holding the four 
tablets of No. 4, you will have an eight ounce 
cough mixture which you will give once in four 
hours: Two teaspoonfuls at a dose to an adult, one 
teaspoonful at a dose to a child 12 years old, and 
smaller doses to younger children. You have an 
eight ounce bottle of this syrup already prepared in 
your case marked No, 4|. Your two medicines now 
will be the kidney mixture and the cough mixture 
each every four hours. Let them alternate. This 
will give the patient medicine of one kind or the 94 
other once in two hours. Follow these up till the 
patient is well, gradually lessening the size of the 
dose. 
If the bowels do not move daily, give a single 
tablet of No. 2 at night and repeat in the morning 
if necessary. No special physicking is necessary, 
but the bowels should be made to move about once 
a day. 
These cases always last from one to three weeks, 
and it therefore becomes necessary to look after 
the feeding. Milk is the food to be relied upon. 
Give it reeularly every three houis, a half a glass at 
a time to an adult, and as much as you can get 
taken to a child. Sometimes a little pinch of com- 
mon baking soda added to the milk will help its di- 
gestibility. When the patient can take it, vary 
these frequent meals by substituting meat broths 
(beef, mutton or chicken) made rich by long boil- 
ing and the addition of rice or barley, milk toast 
and a cup of tea or a saucer of oat-meal gruel. 
CHAP. XI. Consumption (Tuberculosis). 
Consumption is both an acute and chronic con- 
tagious disease, caused by the growth of a germ, 
whose life history is now well knowTn. It affects 
domestic animals as well as man. Cattle, hogs, 
sheep and horses are found throughout the world, 
in considerable numbers, which have acquired the 
disease and which are constantly spreading it to 
the balance of the herds and to people. 
During the last few years nearly all governments 
through inspection bureaus in all the great meat 
packing centers, dairies, milk depots and butcher 95 
shops, have been doing what they could by careful in- 
spection to limit the sale and distribution of affected 
products. This inspection is meeting with much 
opposition from parties interested in the sale of 
meats and milk products, because of the steady 
money loss in the condemnation of affected animals, 
yet much progress has been made and the time is 
coming when every animal which contributes to 
human food will be obliged to submit to examina- 
tion, and condemnation if found to be affected. 
No space is available to go fully into that subject, 
and 1 only introduce it here to pave the way to 
some wholesome advice, which will be given when 
1 come to speak of the food of consumptive persons. 
Neither is there space here to go into the details of 
the many ways in which Consumption affects any 
and every organ of the body. I only propose to 
indicate briefly the general condition of the ordin- 
ary consumptive and follow it with a general out- 
line of the mode of life that should be followed, 
the kind of food that should be taken and the 
medicine that should be used. 
The disease exists in all countries and among all 
races, it affect all classes-the highest and the low- 
est, the youngest and the oldest, the laborer and 
the gentleman of leisure. We often see whole 
families going, one after another, with the disease, 
which fact has given rise to the widespread opinion 
that it is inherited. The life insurance companies 
have made much of that supposed inheritance and 
have rejected thousands of applicants, because the 
mother or the father had died of Consumption. 
There is only a half truth in this widespread opin- 
ion and custom is quite rapidly changing, as the 
whole truth is becoming known. It is a fact that 
offspring have, as a rule, the same qualities of blood 96 
and other tissues as the parents. Now, if the par- 
ents have died of Consumption, it shows that their 
systems furnished a favorable feeding ground for 
the germs of the disease. Their children, having 
similar qualities of tissue, will also furnish favor- 
able feeding grounds for the germs. If that off- 
spring comes in contact with the disease it is 
more liable to take it than some other person 
who has tissues of a slightly different quality. 
That is all there is in the heredity of Con- 
sumption. This is not strange or unheard of. 
Scarcely a family but can give an example of a 
number of its members contracting a contagious 
disease like mumps, or measles, or chicken-pox, 
while some other member is repeatedly exposed to 
it and yet does not take it. It is simply because there 
is some different quality in his blood that is unfa- 
vorable to the growth of the invading germs, and 
they die instead of growing. Every farmer who 
has land of differing quality knows that one Heidis 
best adapted to grain, another to root crops, and a 
third to hay. He puts in his seed in accord with 
the qualities of the soil and gets the best results, 
Now the seeds of consumption are widely spread, 
all classes of people get more or less of them, but a 
"natural selection" is going on, and the germs grow 
only in those people who furnish the favorable 
qualities of tissue. With this simple idea in view', 
much can he done to avoid the disease. 
Again, much has been said and written about 
certain climates being favorable or unfavorable for 
consumptives. This, again, is a half truth. Thirty 
years ago the whole Rocky Mountain region was 
supposed to be curative of the disease and untold 
thousands of sufferers have gone there to seek cure. 
Many of them did get well or better fora few years, 97 
but in looking over the whole ground now, it is 
noticed that in that early day they crossed the 
plains with teams, camping as they went. It took 
from one to three months to go, and when they 
arrived there no cities of any size were open for 
them to congregate in. No clerkships in stuffy 
back offices offered ready employment for the 
health seeker, but each had to get at some outside 
employment. He prospected for gold in the 
mountains, he took up a ranche along some creek 
bed, he drove stage or "punched burros," for his 
daily bread. The open air and labor gave him an 
enormous appetite for the rough food he was 
obliged to consume and that rough food in turn, 
composed as it was of the most nutritious articles, 
was changed to healthy blood, which brought 
strength to his muscles and courage to his heart. 
He got well. 
To-day that same patient gets into a crowded 
railroad car at Omaha and in a trice he is in Den- 
ver, or Salt Lake City, or Pueblo, or Colorado 
Springs, cities is no respect different from Des 
Moines, or St. Paul, or Kansas City. He is thrown 
at once into a community in which one person 
in four has the disease in some of its stages, or 
expects to have it. The sidewalks, and the shops, 
and offices, are reeking with living germs, daily 
deposited there by the sputum of the sick. He 
finds employment where he will be free from expos- 
ure and vainly wratches for the improvement which 
does not come. He leaves that place and seeks 
another like it, a higher or a lower altitude, or a 
wetter or dryer climate. Meanwhile his disease is 
progressing and in a year's time he returns home 
to die, or is shipped home by the express company. 
To those who will look, the difference and the 98 
cause of it is plain to see. It is not the climate, 
it is not the altitude, but the mode of life that 
makes the difference. There is no better climate 
in the world for consumptives than the broad 
prairies of the great Northwest, where you live. 
It makes no difference whether you really have the 
disease, or have the symptoms which make you 
think you have it, you should lose no time in 
putting yourself under the most favorable condi- 
tions to combat it. I can not here describe symp- 
toms which would enable you to settle that point 
and shall not try. The best physician, after exam- 
ing you ever so closely, as many times as he 
desired, might not be able to determine that point 
definitely as yet, but you can put yourself into 
right lines for best results to your health. In late 
years more has been done in Germany, and in a few 
places in this country, to prolong health in those 
afflicted with consumption than has ever been done 
before-and it is all done practically without med- 
icine. 
In the first place, you should have an out-door 
occupation, or if that is impossible, you should have 
your work room so open as to offer no obstruction 
to the free ingress and egress of the outside air. 
The more you close doors and windows to prevent 
taking cold, the more cold you will take. The 
temperature of your work rooms should not be 
above 70° in winter and the outside temperature of 
summer. As the cold of autumn comes on, do not 
begin to shut up windows-leave them open. No 
matter if the temperature goes down to 60° or 50°. 
Dress lightly, but warmly, with flannel clothing, but 
don't live in confined air. The same rule applies to 
your sleeping apartments. Many of the best results 
have been gotten through life in tents, but tents 99 
are not necessary. Sleep with your windows wide 
open the year round. You can put on outside 
blinds, which may be closed to keep out the storms 
and screen the view, and you can set your bed 
where a strong current of wind does not blow upon 
you, but you can not with safety shut the window. 
Dispense with all the draperies about the windows, 
and all carpets that are nailed to the floor. They 
are simply hiding places for live germs for re-in- 
fection. A simple rug can belaid in front of the 
bed, which can be hung in the open air from time 
to time for disinfection. The window should 
always be where by throwing it open the rooiU 
can be flooded with direct sunlight. No drug dis- 
infectant is quite so efficient in destroying germs 
as the direct rays of the sun, in connection with 
free air. Try to get eight hours of unbroken sleep 
each night and always at the same hours. 
Practice deep breathing at all times, but par- 
ticularly on first arising in the morning. Five or 
ten minutes spent each morning in breathing 
deeply as possible and straigthening up the shoul- 
ders will well repay for the time in opening up 
those portions of the lungs which may have become 
plugged by secretion during the night. Keep the 
skin in good condition by frequent bathing, but 
you need not make a fish of yourself, nor become a 
slave to any particular method of bathing. Sleep 
alone. No other person can afford to take the 
chance of infection by passing the night in the 
same bed with you. 
Do not spit upon the floor, or upon the ground, 
nor scatter the nasal discharges around where they 
can by any chance get washed into the water 
supply. Have a spittoon and daily put it into 
boiling water. T say boiling water, not hot water. 100 
The difference of even a few degrees of heat makes 
all the difference between life and death of the 
germs. Carry two pocket handkerchiefs in your 
pocket, the one folded inside of the other. Use the 
inside one and spit into that when necessary. This 
inside handkerchief had best be a simple old cloth; 
do not attempt to wash it, but burn it up daily. 
The handkerchief wrapped around it goes into boil- 
ing hot water. With these precautions, a consump- 
tive can live in the same household indifinitely 
with others and never contaminate them. 
The diet comes next in consideration. Eat any- 
thing wholesome the same as other people do, 
but do not mince and pick at airy nothings, imag- 
ining you are being nourished. Thin wafers and 
lemonade and gelatine may look like dainties, but 
it takes beefsteak and potatoes to make rich blood. 
No set diet can be fixed for all, but each must se- 
lect healthy, hearty foods for himself in which 
there is a sufficient amount of fats, and vegetables 
and bread products. Eat all kinds of good meats 
and "butter your bread on both sides" in order to 
get more fats. In the past consumptives have been 
fed on Cod Liver Oil, but now they are fed on but- 
ter and cream and fat beef. These certainly taste 
better and they are quite as beneficial. If 
the appetite fails, there is always the recourse of 
milk and eggs. They are wholesome and contain 
all the elements necessary for maintaining the 
body. A raw egg can be swallowed, and you can 
drink tw'o or three quarts of milk per day. Of 
course, this is not necessary, provided other foods 
can be taken in abundance. 
Right here comes in the question of the health- 
fulness of the milk. Never use milk from an old 
cow, or from one that is not thriving. A cow that 101 
is poor when pasturage is abundant, in nine cases 
out of ten, has Consumption, and is not fit to fur- 
nish milk or meat. 
Meat that passes through government inspection 
is reasonabl}7 safe, and home killed meats from 
healthy animals are also good. Let it be properly 
cooked before eating and any chance germs will be 
destroyed. Never get milk from slop fed dairy 
cows. If compelled to get milk from an unknown 
source boil it when first gotten. 
The last consideration is that of medicines to be 
taken. Let it he understood from the beginning 
that there are no drugs that are curative of Con- 
sumption. There are many things in the shape of 
symptoms that can be palliated, but aside from 
these the less medicine you take the better you are 
off. In the first place, keep the bowels regular. If 
they are constipated, use Tablet No. 2 occasionally, 
one at night, but this will only be necessary in a 
few cases. 
In No. 21. you have an excellent tonic alterative, 
one that stimulates digestion, promotes activity of 
the bowels, and aids the rapid assimilation of the 
food into blood. Of this No. 21 you will put into a 
pint bottle four ounces. Add to it four ounces of 
white sugar syrup, just such as you would prepare 
to put upon the breakfast table. This will make 
an eight ounce mixture. Add to that eight ounces 
of good whisky, which you can get at any drug 
store. We cannot furnish the whisky to you. on 
account of the license necessary to sell it. You 
now have a pint of the best tonic laxative that can 
be devised. The whisky is a direct stimulant to 
the appetite and stops fermentation in the stomach, 
allowing a hearty meal to be taken and well 
digested, where without the mixture little might be 102 
taken and that little illy digested. Of the mixture 
so prepared take two teaspoonfuls before each meal 
(three times a day). A child twelve years old can 
take half that quantity. This mixture can be 
taken a week or ten days at a time and then had 
best be dropped for awhile, to be taken up again 
after a period of rest. In some cases of Consump- 
tion there is a tendency to diarrhoea. If the mix- 
ture proves too laxative in such cases, reduce the 
strength by adding equal quantities of syrup and 
and whisky, without adding any more from bottle 
No. 21. Again, if much syrup should disagree, use 
water in its place. Your twelve ounce bottle, No. 
21|, does not hold the pint ordered. It can be used 
if the proportions are maintained. 
Finally, a cough mixture is to be prepared. 
Nothing will stop that cough, but it can be eased. 
In Tablet No. 4, you have the material from which 
to make your cough mixture. Dissolve four tablets 
of No. 4 in four ounces of hot water. To this 
amount add four ounces of syrup made from white 
sugar. This makes an eight ounce mixture. The 
dose of it for an adult is two teaspoonfuls once in 
four hours when necessary. You have eight ounces 
of it ready prepared in the Cabinet, marked No. 44. 
Should so much syrup prove nauseating, prepare 
another bottle by using water in the same quantity 
in place of the syrup. You will find, however, that 
only occasionally will any cough mixture be needed. 
Whole days and weeks will go by when you will be 
better off without a cough mixture, and at other 
times you will need a dose or two at night and 
morning, but none during the active part of the day. 
By following the directions here laid down, you 
will be much better off among your friends at home 
than you can be by chasing that will-o'-the-wisp of 
a curative climate in foreign lands. 103 
BOOK III. 
ERUPTIVE AND INFECTIOUS FEVERS. 
CHAP. I.-General Considerations. 
The members of this group of well-known dis- 
eases are mostly known by the presence of an erup- 
tion or rash upon the skin. Most are contagious, 
but all in different ways. Just how they are conta- 
gious will be told in speaking of each disease, 
and it will be plainly set down just how to best 
avoid the spreading of them to well members of the 
family. Not all of the diseases, however, that sci- 
entifically belong to this group have a constant 
eruption, such as Whooping Cough, Grip, Diphthe- 
ria, Tonsilitis and Typhoid Fever. These named 
diseases, all except Whooping Cough, are also 
closely allied to other groups, and to avoid confu- 
sion they will be treated of in the groups where 
they seem to belong, namely: Typhoid, with dis- 
eases of the intestines; Diphtheria and Tonsilitis, 
with Diseases of the Throat, etc. These diseases 
are all well known, and are easily recognized when 
fully developed. Small Pox, Diphtheria and Ty- 
phoid should be turned into the hands of the family 
physician, but they are mentioned here because the 
cases all need proper care before it is fully known 
what is coming. All the others are often so light 
and easily managed, and all run so definite a course, 
ending in recovery, that when managed at home, 104 
they do quite as well as though treated by the best 
physician. Each one is taken up in its place and 
so simply described that no trouble will be found in 
managing it. 
They all, except Rheumatism, depend upon the 
carrying of a very small plant (the so-called germ 
or microbe) from the sick person to the well one. 
If the plant when transplanted finds a favorable 
place to grow, and is not killed by the healthy blood 
of the person to whom it is carried, it grows and in 
due time produce the disease in that person. These 
plants or germs are very small-so small that they 
have never been seen until within the last few 
years and now only by the most skillful workers 
with the microscope. You need never except to 
see them yourselves. The ordinary physician never 
sees them. He has not the skill to find them any 
more than you have, but he depends upon the 
trained worker with the microscope, just as you 
must. When one knows how and has the proper 
instruments to work with, it is no more difficult to 
raise a crop of these plantsand with them produce 
the disease, than it is for the farmer to raise a crop 
of poison wild parsnips and with them poison his 
cattle or himself. 
This knowledge has greatly simplified disease 
and its treatment. We no longer look to the 
influence of the stars, to comets, to spots on the 
sun. to colds, to the judgment of God, for the cause 
of our sickness, but we do look to the bad condition 
of the cellar, the kitchen sink, the privy vault and 
the family well. Each of these places furnishes a 
favorable place in the darkness and moisture for 
the growth of millions of these little plant germs, 
each kind having its own qualities. Many kinds of 
them are not harmful, but many others are. One 105 
produces the poisoning which we call Typhoid 
Fever, another Diphtheria, another Erysipelas, etc., 
through the whole line of contagious diseases. In 
this group of* contagious diseases it is not necessary 
to have these foul places about the premises, 
because the germs are carried directly from person 
to person, but the foul places may serve as breeding 
grounds for them, long after the disappearance of 
the disease, and thus produce it again in a new 
victim. 
Now, the thing essential for you to know is that 
these germs are present and that they must be 
killed. Nothing short of killing them, and getting 
rid of the places where they grow, does any good 
whatever. Making a bad smell in the house, as by 
burning a rag, burning sugar, sprinkling carbolic 
acid, or chloride of lime, about the place is of no 
good at all. These germs are little plants, and can 
not smell at all, therefore they are not hurt by any 
foul oders you can make. Wearing a bag of 
camphor, or a lump of assafoetida is of no use. 
Boiling water will, of course, cook them, so any 
article that can be dipped in boiling water will be 
properly cleaned. Certain gases, which the ordin- 
ary person cannot handle, will destroy them. 1 
need not speak of these. The health officers, when 
they come to disinfect your houses after quaran- 
tine, will use them, but you will not. What then 
can you use? There are two that are always on 
hand and they cost nothing-they are fresh cur and 
sunshine. All that germs require for their growth is 
darkness and wet. Put any of them into open, dry 
air, under the direct sunshine and they soon shrivel 
up and die, just like any other little delicate plant. 
Then in your sick rooms do not sprinkle around 
carbolic acid, nor burn sulphur, nor do anything 106 
else that covers up one bad smell with another, but 
properly protect your sick person in bed, and throw 
the doors and windows open till the room is full of 
sunshine and fresh air. The sick one will not take 
cold, but the foul smells of the sick room and the 
germs, which of themselves never do smell bad, 
will be driven out where they can do no harm. At 
all times keep the house open enough to be sure 
that there is a steady flowing out of the bad air and 
as steady a flowing in of good air. After the patient 
is well and gone from the room clean it up to your 
heart's content with hot water and more sunshine 
and you will have no trouble with remaining germs. 
The keeping of the sick room full of fresh air and 
as constantly keeping the poisonous germs driven 
out, together make the most important part of the 
treatment of all contagious disease. 
The medical treatment of each will be taken up 
by itself and described as fully as needed. 
CHAP. II. Scarlet Fever. 
This disease often passes under the name of 
Scarletina, Scarlet Rash, Dutch Measles and German 
Measles. It is possible that Dutch or German 
Measles are a separate disease, but as ordinary 
people cannot tell the difference between them and 
the treatment of the two are exactly alike, they 
need not be separated here. As to Scarletina and 
Scarlet Rash, they are simply other names for the 
same disease. • 
First, read carefully what is said in General 
Consideration, or Chap. I, on Contagious Diseases. 
Scarlet Fever is a dangerous, contagious disease 107 
and should always be quarantined, according to law. 
The affected person should be separated from the rest 
of the household and should be kept strictly in bed 
in a well ventilated room. The main danger is not 
at the time of the first run of the eruption, but in 
the many troubles that are apt to follow it. These 
troubles are due mainly to exposure of the patient 
to cold, which causes a driving of the blood away 
from the outside of the body to some internal 
organs. The kidneys, the bowels, the lungs, the 
throat and the internal ears are most frequently 
affected. To most surely avoid these after troubles 
it is best to confine the patient strictly to bed till 
the rash and sore throat are gone, and even after 
this to guard him against all possibility of taking 
cold for at least two weeks longer. 
The period of time that goes by, between the 
exposure to the disease and the appearance of the 
rash, is shorter, on the average, than in any other 
of the eruptive fevers, but that time varies consid- 
erably. Sometimes it is only two or three days, 
while in other cases it may be two weeks. About 
five or six days is the average time. 
The patient begins by a feeling of discomfort. 
If a child, it is apt to be cross and you will not 
know exactly what is the trouble. You may not 
appreciate that it is really sick. It is quite apt to 
have a vomiting spell, perhaps several of them. 
In some cases it may have a convulsion. 
Use your thermometer in all cases, where your 
children seem to be ill. With the symptoms above 
given, you will find the temperature is high, any- 
where from 102° to 105°, or in some cases even 
higher. Always look into the throat of such a 
child, pressing down the tongue with the handle of 
a teaspoon. If Scarlet Fever is coming, you will 108 
always find the throat inflammed and red. The 
tongue will be coated, and there will be more or 
less swelling of the tonsils, or walls of the back 
part of the throat. There may be an eruption in 
the roof of the mouth. Next look upon the skin, 
around the edges of the hair, down the neck behind 
the ears and upon the chest. Within a day or two 
the eruption will come, if it has not already done 
so. The eruption is not a raised set of pimples 
with healthy skin between them, as in chicken pox, 
nor yet a blotchy yellow red, as in measles, but a 
pretty evenly spread red flush of the whole surface. 
The skin feels smooth. Its color is scarlet red, not 
yellow red. Run the tip of your finger along the 
surface of the skin and you will see it followed by 
a white line, which quickly turns back to red. 
You simply push the blood out of the skin in that 
line and it runs back again as you move your finger 
along. The rash spreads rapidly, and in the course 
of two to four days covers the entire body, arms, 
hands, legs and feet. The fever does not go down 
till the rash begins to leave, and not then unless 
the throat is also getting better. 
In rare cases there is very little rash, but usually 
there is enough to make you sure of the presence 
of the disease. 
Little attention need be paid to the rash, as that 
will take care of itself, but the throat is the import- 
ant point to look to. It is in the throat that the 
germs grow and produce the poison that makes the 
disease dangerous. The throat is often much 
swollen and white discharges appear on the walls, 
often covering the whole surface. Do not fail to 
keep track of this. The swelling on the outside of 
the throat, under the chops and behind the ears is 
due to the poisonous substance growing upon the 109 
inside. These discharges must be kept washed 
away and not allowed to lie there in the throat to 
soak in and poison the glands lying under them. 
But of that I will speak further on. 
Let us now go back to the time when the child 
first began to complain and you did not know what 
was coming. The best doctor, if called at that 
time, could not tell for certain what was coming, 
but your child is feverish and has a sore throat, 
perhaps it is vomiting, or has a convulsion, and 
something should be done. Now, it makes no 
difference what is coming. The best treatment of 
those symptoms is just the same, whatever is caus- 
ing them. If you want to call the doctor later, he 
will find that you have done exactly what he would 
have done, and as a result, are just so far along in 
the proper treatment of the disease. If the case 
proves light you can go on with it yourself and not 
need the doctor. 
First, you get out about ten or twelve tablets of 
No. 1. Give one every hour till the bowels move 
more freely. If the patient is too young to swallow 
a tablet, crush them and drop the powder dry upon 
the tongue. The dose is the same for a child or 
grown person, only a larger number will be used in 
an adult before the bowels move. Stop the tablets 
when you have gotten the desired results. On later 
days of the disease, if the bowels need moving, 
repeat the tablets in the same way. 
At the same time that you begin the tablets, get 
No. 14 from the Cabinet, and put ten drops of it 
into ten teaspoonfuls of water in a glass. Give a 
teaspoonful of that mixture once an hour to lessen 
the fever. The dose may be varied according to 
the effects, giving a little more or a littleless, as is 
needed to control the fever. Alternate the two 110 
medicines, or give them "turn about;" this will give 
the patient medicine every half hour. 
In most cases where the above conditions occur 
this will be the end of the trouble, and on the fol- 
lowing day the child will be so much better as to 
need no more medicine. But in the rest of the 
cases, and those are the ones in which we are now 
interested, Scarlet Fever develops. The fever goes 
higher, or at least does not go down, the eruption 
comes out as described, the throat keeps sore and 
there is more or less swelling under the chops and 
up beside the ears. Up to this time you have done 
everything the best doctor could do. If you doubt 
your own Skill to go farther, or if the patient is 
very sick, call in your doctor, but do not wait for 
him to arrive before beginning the next step of the 
treatment. 
Remember what was said about the condition 
of the throat and the necessity of keeping it wTashed 
out. The poisons are mainly there. Wash the 
throat out twenty or thirty times a day with hot 
water. Get No. 15 from the Cabinet and put 
a half ounce of it into four ounces of water (using 
your graduate). Use this solution about once in 
two hours, immediately after the hot water wash. 
Some people can gargle well enough to wash the 
throat, but it is best to not rely upon gargling, 
especially in children. Get out the larger one of 
your glass syringes, fill it with hot water, or the 
throat wash just prepared. Put a towel under the 
child's chin. Have him sitting upright in a good 
light on some one's lap. Press down the tongue 
with a spoon handle held in your left hand, till the 
throat is seen well; then throw, or squirt, the wash 
from the syringe with considerable force, into the 
back part of the throat. Use the plain hot water 111 
first and then follow with a small quantity of the 
prepared wash. The operation of washing will not 
hurt the child, nor strangle him, but the water will 
run forward out of the mouth upon the towel, 
bringing with it a lot of the foul secretions. Wash 
it thus with the water often-with the prepared 
wash once in two hours. A half a syringeful of the 
prepared wash is as good as a quart, but of the 
clear water use several syringefuls. Look out for 
that towel. It contains enough germs to poison 
the whole community. It is a good scheme to dip 
it into boiling water every time after using. Also 
look out that the child does not by coughing throw 
a lot of the discharges into your eyes while using 
the syringe. Keep up the washing till the throat 
is well. 
After the first two days drop your first liquid 
medicine, No. 14, and put in its place No. 20. Pre- 
pare it as follows: Dissolve four tablets of No. 20 
in four ounces of water (using your graduate). 
Give a teaspoonful of this mixture once in four 
hours, regularly on to the end of the disease. That 
is the dose for a child twelve years old. For one 
six years old give half a teaspoonful and for an 
adult give two teaspoonfuls. 
As soon as you know that you have Scarlet 
Fever on hand, oil the patient all over with any 
fresh oil or grease you may have-sweet oil or 
hen's oil. or goose grease, or fresh lard will do all 
right. You have in No. 18 of the Cabinet a good 
preparation, but the other oils will do just as well. 
Repeat the oiling once or twice daily. It will 
greatly relieve the itching, which is sometimes 
very great and will help to confine the scales, which 
in the last half of the disease, are given off abund- 
antly from the skin. Those scales are loaded with 112 
germs and may be carried in the clothing to other 
people. These directions are pretty long and I will 
try to condense them. 
First. When the patient and you do not know 
what is coming, or you do know that Scarlet 
Fever is coming, give one tablet of No. 1, once an 
hour, till bowels move freely. Also one drop of 
No. 14 in a teaspoonful of water, once an hour, 
alternating with Tablet No. 1, till fever is con- 
trolled, or till you have given it two days. 
Second. As soon as the sore throat comes on, 
begin to wash it with the syringe, using hot water, 
and be sure of thorough work. Also, once in two 
hours use the wash made from No. 15. 
Third. After the first two days drop No. 14 and 
prepare No. 20, four tablets in four ounces of water, 
giving two teaspoonfuls once in four hours to an 
adult, one teaspoonful to a child twelve years old, 
and one-half teaspoonful to a child six years old. 
Continue this through to the end of the disease. 
Fourth. Oil the patient twice a day thoroughly. 
Of course, it goes without saying, that the 
patient must have abundant fresh air and all the 
good cold water he wants to drink. 
If complications arise, send for your doctor. 
Feed the patient on light, easily digested food, 
particularly milk, egg albumen, oat meal gruel, 
corn starch pudding, milk toast meat soups, etc. 
(See page 19.) 113 
CHAP. III. Measles. 
First read carefully what is said in Chapter 1. 
General Considerations. 
Measles is a very contagious, or catching, dis- 
ease; that is, the plant germs are very hardy and 
quite surely grow, if they get a lodgement within 
the nose and throat of one who has not had the 
disease. The germs are present in all the excre- 
tions of the patient, even in the outgoing breath, so 
that one getting the breath of the sick one is liable 
to get the disease. Persons of all ages are liable to 
it, although children are more liable than grown 
persons. When grown persons do take it they are 
liable to have it harder than children. 
Usually the same person has the disease but 
once, although a second attack is not very uncom- 
mon. The length of time from the exposure to the 
eruption varies quite widely, sometimes being not 
more than a week, while in rare cases it may 
extend to a month. 
Many times, in mild cases, the first indication of 
the disease will be the eruption, but more com- 
monly there will be a feverish cold (sometimes a 
chill) with running of the nose, sneezing and red- 
ness of the eyes. Together with these there may 
be sickness at the stomach and headache. The 
tongue will be coated and the thermometer will 
show a temperature of 102° to 104°. By the end of 
three or four days (but many times much short of 
that) the eruption will appear upon the forehead 
and extend gradually down over the face, neck and 
chest, taking sometimes two or three days to cover 
the whole body. 
When measles run their ordinary course, from 
one to two weeks are used up, when the patient 114 
recovers, not having been in any special danger. 
The disease is, however, liable to complications, 
particularly of the lungs. This will be shown by 
pain in the chest, shortness of breath, severe and 
painful cough and continued high fever, after the 
eruption is well out. Under such circumstances, if 
severe, the family physician should be called in. 
but in the ordinary case, following the treatment 
given farther on, will produce as good results as 
the management of the best physician. 
TREATMENT. 
When the first indication of sickness makes its 
appearance, you may have no idea as to what is com- 
ing. You will see the fever, the furred tongue, the 
appearance of cold, the red eyes and the sneezing. 
Treat it exactly as you would if you knew that was 
all. Prepare this mixture, ten teaspoonfuls of water 
in a glass, ten drops of No. 14. Give a teaspoonful 
of this mixture once an hour. 
During the following days, should the fever 
remain high, prepare more of the same mixture, 
but of only one-half or one-quarter the strength, 
and give it once an hour, 
If vomiting should be troublesome, which some- 
time occurs even if no medicine is given, lessen the 
dose a half or even more. 
Also put out ten tablets of No. 1 and give one 
every hour, alternating with the medicine from the 
glass. This will give the patient medicine every 
half hour-first the liquid, then the tablet. Keep 
up the tablets till the bowels move freely and then 
drop them. At any later time during the disease 
that the bowels need to be moved, move them in 
the same way with the tablets. Give the same 115 
doses to children over seven years old as to grown 
people. Under seven years half as much. 
After the eruption is well out, little medicine is 
needed, unless for cough, which is sometime trou- 
blesome. If needed, prepare the cough mixture, as 
directed on page 8, and use small doses of that 
as may be needed till recovery takes place. You 
will find a bottle of cough mixture ready prepared 
in your Cabinet, No. 4|. 
Keep the patient on light, easily digested food, 
particularly milk and soups, and let him have all 
the good cold water he wants to drink. 
One thing more, and this is important, keep the 
mouth and throat clean by frequent gargling with 
hot water. In the mouth and throat are most of 
the germs, together with their poisons. Wash 
them away twenty times a day or more. Every 
three or four hours add to the hot water wash one- 
eighth its bulk of No. 15 and use that to cleanse 
the throat. If the patient is a child and can not 
gargle, wash the mouth with the little glass syringe 
as described in the chapter on Scarlet Fever. 
If complications arise that do not seem to be 
part of the regular course of the disease, call your 
family physician. 
CHAP. IV. Chickenpox. 
This is a very mild eruptive fever, confined 
almost altogether to children. Since the Cuban 
war it has become more important than ever before, 
on account of its resemblance to Smallpox. It is 
not apt to be mistaken for Smallpox, but Smallpox 
in its mild form is apt to be mistaken for it and 116 
thus be widely spread before its real nature is 
known. It requires ten to fifteen days from the 
time of exposure for the eruption to make its 
appearance. 
The child becomes feverish and in some cases 
has a slight chill. He may vomit, and thus mislead 
the parent as to the cause of the illness. Within 
twenty-four hours, however, the eruption conies 
out and in two days more is at its height. The 
eruption usually first comes out upon the body, but 
may do so elsewhere. The points of eruption may 
be very few, only half a dozen, or there may be 
hundreds of them, like hives. Each one is a little 
round red pimple raised upon the healthy skin. 
No evenly spread redness, like Measles or Scarlet 
Fever, but a series of little hard pimples. These 
pimples in a few hours are filled with a watery 
secretion and by two days more the water is 
changed to matter, or the whole pimple has sub- 
sided. Those that fill with matter, in a couple of 
days more have turned to dark brown crusts and 
rapidly fall off, leaving no scar, unless they have 
been torn open by the nails in scratching. All do not 
come out at the same time, but successive crops of 
them appear, so that you may see in the same case 
the little hard pimple, the water filled pimple, the 
matter filled pimple and the dried scabs, all at the 
same time. 
Now, these pimples look a little like Smallpox, 
but that disease conies out all at once-the pimples 
are of much slower growth and all go on to full 
development together. When they fill with water 
or matter they are tied down in the middle so that 
the edges stand highest (cup shaped like a hard 
rubber vest button). In Chickenpox they are never 
so tied down. These appearances, together with 117 
the mildness of the whole attack is usually sufficient 
to separate the mild form from the severe disease. 
However, it is but fair to state that in the mild 
epidemic of Smallpox during 1901 and 1902 some 
cases of Smallpox were called Chickenpox by some 
of the most skillful physicians. The presence of 
one disease or the other in the neighborhood will 
often help to determine the case, but in all cases of 
doubt the worse disease should be provided for by 
careful quarantine of the patient and his attendant 
until sufficient time has gone by to clear up the 
doubt. The disease is very contagious, perhaps 
more so than any other eruptive fever, the germs 
being communicated through the air by the breath 
as well as by actual contact. 
Little treatment is required. Confine the patient 
to bed during his period of fever. Open the bowels 
with Tablet No. 1, giving one every hour till the 
bowels move. A little fever mixture will add to 
his comfort. You will prepare this by putting ten 
drops of No. 14 (using your dropper) into ten tea- 
spoonfuls of water, and giving a teaspoonful once 
an hour, alternating with the tablet. This will 
give the child medicine every half hour. Keep up 
the fever mixture till the temperature goes down. 
Give at all times plenty of good cold water to drink. 
No other treatment is needed, unless there is much 
itching, when the pimples can be well greased with 
the ointment in No. 19. 118 
CHAP. V. Smallpox. 
1 do not feel warranted in writing a complete 
description of this disease and giving directions for 
its treatment. The consequences of the disease 
are so appalling to the patient, to his family, and 
to the whole community, that every case, however 
mild, should be placed under the immediate control 
of a reliable physician and reported at once to the 
health office for quarantine. I will, therefore, only 
present a short description, which will enable the 
householder to recognize it and direct treatment 
for a few hours only, till the physician can arrive. 
Smallpox is a very contagious disease, being 
communicated through the breath as wrell as by 
contact. The period from the time of exposure to 
the appearance of the eruption varies considerably, 
but about eight and fifteen days are probably the 
extremes. 
In adults a severe chill, and in children a con- 
vulsion, are common symptoms at the beginning, 
but if these do not occur, there is apt to be severe 
headache, and backache, and vomiting. The suffer- 
ing is often very intense. The fever runs high, 
from 103° to 105°. Delirium is a common symptom. 
When there has been a known exposure to the 
disease, or when it is prevalent in the community, 
these symptoms should at once put the attendants 
on their guard and immediate separation of patient 
and nurse should be made from the well members 
of the household. But, on the other hand, when no 
cases of the disease are known, it is often impossi- 
ble as yet to even guess what is behind the grave 
symptoms and only a waiting policy can be insti- 
tuted till such time as further symptoms appear. 
The severe symptoms above mentioned-high 119 
fever, chills, vomiting, head and backache, delirium 
-continue with more or less severity for about three 
or four days. Sometimes there is a light rash on the 
skin that looks like Measles or Scarlet Fever, but it 
is not continuous and quickly subsides. About the 
fourth day small red spots appear, usually on the 
forehead and about the wrists. These little red 
spots when felt are hard like little pimples under 
the skin. They quickly appear elsewhere on the 
person, rapidly extending to all parts, even to the 
palms of the hands and soles of the feet. In about 
two days these pimples begin to fill with water, 
and as the rash develops more and more fully the 
fever goes down, the headache subsides, the delirium 
disappears and the patient becomes quite comfort- 
able. Later, the pimples fill with matter, and as a 
result of so extensive suppuration, the fever arises 
again and the great battle with the disease is on. 
Of this I do not propose to write. You will already 
have called your physician. 
In the mild epidemic of 1901 and 1902 these 
symptoms were all so mild (in many cases only half 
a dozen pimples ever appearing) that the best phy- 
sicians were often 'deceived, giving rise to a wide- 
spread opinion that the disease was not genuine 
Smallpox. The occasional appearance of a severe 
case was sufficient, however, to determine its real 
nature. 
The early treatment which you are to start is 
the same as that for other eruptive fevers. Clean 
out the bowels with Tablets No. 1, giving one every 
hour till the bowels move. Should the bowels not 
move by the time ten or twelve tablets have been 
given, drop the tablets and follow with teaspoonful 
doses of No. 13, dissolved in half a glass of hot 
water. Mix only one dose at a time, as probably 120 
one or two doses will be sufficient. However, give 
the dose every hour till you do get free movements 
of the bowels. 
At the same time that you start the tablets just 
mentioned, prepare some of No. 14, by mixing 
twenty drops of it in twenty teaspoonfuls of water. 
For the first dose, give three teaspoonfuls of this 
mixture, and repeat once an hour with one tea- 
spoonful till fever comes down. You will probably 
have to prepare more than one batch of this medi- 
cine. When this mixture comes at the same time 
as the tablet, they can be given together, as the two 
medicines do not disagree with each other, but you 
will ordinarily alternate the two. 
In case of delirium, apply cloths wrung out of 
cold water to the top of the head, changing them 
often enough to keep them cold. By the time you 
have gone this far your physician should have 
arrived and the case been turned over to him. 
CHAP. VI. Mu.mps. 
This disease, like others in this group, depends 
upon a specific germ. It appears in epidemics and 
during its prevalence, few children who have not 
had the disease escape. The period between the 
time of exposure and the appearance of the swelling 
is from two to three weeks. The disease comes on 
by slight fever (101° to 102°). There is seldom any- 
thing like a distinct chill, or convulsion, although 
either may occur. The child complains of stiffness 
of the jaw and upon examination a slight swelling 
is noticed, which increases gradually, until within 
forty-eight hours there is great enlargement of the 121 
neck and side of the cheek. The mouth is opened 
with difficulty and swallowing becomes painful. 
Earache and slight deafness usually is present. 
The swelling is just below the ear, but extending 
upward, both in front and back. Inflammations of 
this gland, other than Mumps, scarcely ever occur, 
so that with this swelling present the diagnosis of 
Mumps may be safely made. The disease may be 
confined to one side, or in may extend to both. A 
curious feature of it is its liability to involve the 
tesles in males and the breasts in females. No 
satisfactory reason for this has ever been given. 
TREATMENT. 
The disease is usually so trivial as to receive no 
treatment and no care, but this is a great mis- 
take, because of its liability to change its location 
as given above. 
'the child should be put to bed, or at least con- 
lined to the house. He should take one tablet of 
No. 1 every hour, till his bowels are freely moved. 
If he has fever as high as 101°, he should take 
some of No. 14. Prepare this as usual, by mixing 
ten drops in ten teaspoonfuls of water, and of this 
giving one teaspoonful every hour, alternating with 
Tablet No. 1, till temperature comes down. 
After results of these two medicines are gotten, 
drop them both. Prepare No. 20, by dissolving four 
tablets in two ounces of water. Of this take a tea- 
spoonful once in four hours, so long as the disease 
lasts. It sometimes gives comfort to wrap the jaws 
up in cotton wadding, with a handkerchief over the 
head. This keeps the inflamed parts at an even 
temperature and hastens the progress of the dis- 
ease. If the sexual glands become involved, they 
should be persistently wrapped in hot applications 122 
and the patient confined to bed. This is all that is 
usually needed, together with the above given 
treatment. 
Without complications, the disease lasts a week 
or ten days. 
CHAP. VII. Whooping Cough. 
This disease belongs, in its classification, here 
among the eruptive and contagious diseases, rather 
than among the ordinary coughs and colds and 
inflammations of the breathing organs. It depends 
for its origin upon a distinct germ, but the life 
history of that germ is not well made out. The 
disease is contagious by contact and by transmis- 
sion through the air, and it is possible to carry it 
in the clothing, like Scarlet Fever, to a distant vic- 
tim. It is particularly a disease of childhood, 
although no age is exempt from its ravages. It is 
quite apt to be fatal in aged and infirm people and 
in very young children. Popularly, Whooping 
Cough is a disease to be smiled at, but if those who 
make light of it could be confronted with the 
appalling list of annual fatalities due to its ravages 
they would no longer smile. We spend millions 
every year to ward off Yellow Fever, yet it is safe 
to say that the fatalities of that disease in the 
United States for twenty years would scarce make 
the number of annual deaths from Whooping 
Cough. 
The disease begins like an ordinary cough or 
cold. For ten days or two weeks it may go on 
exciting no comment, but by that time, instead of 
subsiding, it shows its real nature. The cough 123 
comes on by paroxyms, which may be only once or 
twice a day, or as many to the hour. The patient 
begins to cough, repeating the explosive sound ten 
or twenty times in such rapid succession that no 
time is given to fill the lungs with air. By that 
time the victim is blue in the face and spasmodically 
draws in a long breath, which coming so suddenly, 
catches the vocal cords on the stretch and produces 
the peculiar crowing sound known as the whoop. 
No one can describe it to another, but when one 
has once heard it, he can never again mistake it. 
One paroxysm may follow another in rapid succes- 
sion, till the patient vomits in his effort to force 
enough air through his larynx. Indeed, one of the 
severest trials in the management of this disease is 
the feeding of the patient. He cannot keep any- 
thing in his stomach long enough to have it 
digest. It then becomes of the greatest import- 
ance for him to take milk and egg albumen and 
such other foods, immediately after a paroxysm has 
subsided, in order that at least a portion of their 
nutriment may be picked up and used, before the 
oncoming of the next paroxysm again empties the 
stomach. These violent efforts at vomiting often 
lead to rupture of small blood vessels and bleeding 
into the tissues giving rise to ''black and blue'" 
spots. Particularly is this true in the eyes where 
the spot shows firy red. If the same thing occurs 
in the nose you are liable to have nose bleed, etc. 
The most to be dreaded complication is that of 
Bronchitis, or of Broncho-Pneumonia. Adults and 
older children stand this complication pretty well, 
but it is quite apt to be fatal to a child in arms. 
Sufficient has now been said of its severity and its 
dangers, but the average case is much milder, 
sometimes not stopping the child from its play for 124 
an hour. The average case in spring and summer 
lasts from four to six weeks, in the fall and winter 
it lasts till spring. 
TREATMENT. 
Absolutely nothing can be done to cut short the 
course of this disease. A thousand remedies have 
been devised, but one after another they give way 
before another newone. Much can be done, however, 
to avoid danger. Dress the child warmly and, while 
out-of-door life is essential to its best welfare, let a 
goodly restraint be put on that out-door life. Do 
not allow the feet to be damp, do not allow the 
child to be in the cold wind or storm, do not allow 
violent exercise, even in play, guard the child 
against sudden excitement. 
Look to the feeding as indicated above, as the 
victim ofien loses his food by vomiting to such an 
extent as to be greatly weakened, thus increasing 
his danger, should Pneumonia develop. If Pneu- 
monia, or Pleurisy, or Bronchitis, come on treat 
each exactly as you would if it were not connected 
with this disease. Either one will make itself 
known by the same symptoms as it would if no 
Whooping Cough were present. Refer to the chap- 
ters upon those topics elsewhere in this book. 
Now, as to the treatment of the disease itself. 
During the first stages you would manage it very 
much as you would a common cold. There would 
be fever, for which you would give a mixture of ten 
drops of No. 14 in ten teaspoonfuls of water, one tea- 
spoonful an hour. Alternating with this you would 
give a tablet once an hour from No. 1, till the 
bowels were opened. After this, for the cough, you 
would probably use the cough mixture, No. 4. 
which you would find ready prepared in your eight 125 
ounce cough syrup bottle. Give a half a teaspoon- 
ful once in four hours to a child twelve years old, 
and one-fourth teaspoonful to a child six years old. 
To a one-year-old, give not over ten drops (use your 
dropper to measure it). Alternate with your cough 
mixture a solution made from No. 20, by dissolving 
five of those tablets in two ounces of water (using 
your graduate). Of this mixture, give to an adult 
a teaspoonful once in four hours, to a child of 
twelve, a half a teaspoonful, to a child of six years 
one-fourth teaspoonful, and a child one year only 
ten drops. As just said, this mixture will be given 
alternately with the cough medicine. It will keep 
the skin and kidneys in active condition. 
In the mild cases, in which it is evident what 
the disease is, yet there is no fever and paroxysms 
are no more than a half dozen per day, given no 
medicine at all, but do not fail to take as much 
care of the child as though it were worse. Do not 
let up on the care, until after the last trace of the 
whoop is gone, because it is during the convalescence 
that the greatest danger of the development of 
Pneumonia comes on. 
CHAP. VII1. Erysipelas. 
Erysipelas is an acute, contagious disease, 
marked by high fever, much depression and special 
inflammation of the skin. It depends upon a 
specific germ, which may be carried on the hands 
or in the clothing from the patient to well people. 
Any open wound, even the scratch of a pin, makes 
a favorable point for innoculation of the poison, 
but it is not necessary that there should be any 126 
wound at all for its contagion. In fact, most of the 
cases which come under the eye of the ordinary 
householder have no history of any cuts or scratches. 
It usually occurs about the face and head. Its 
approach is often marked by a chill, followed by a 
rapid rise in temperature, the thermometer register- 
ing 102°, or in severe cases even 105°. 
If it has started in a wound, the edges look red 
and inflamed, but if there is no wound there is 
seen, within a few hours, usually on the ridge of 
the nose, or elsewhere on the face, a bright red 
blotch. The skin beneath it is swollen and puffy 
and very tender to the touch. There is much 
burning and sometimes pain in the part affected, 
but the most suffering is usually caused by the 
severe headache and the aching of the bones that 
accompany the outset of the disease. The eruption 
spreads quite rapidly, moving along from all the 
edges outward, and by the'second or third day, 
blisters appear upon the older part. These blisters 
are sometimes quite large bags of water, being in 
some cases an inch or two inches in width. As it 
spreads the swelling increases and if the location 
is on the face (which it usually is), one, or both, 
eyes may be completely closed by it. It continues 
to spread, usually getting lighter and lighter as it 
goes and Anally subsides. 
The average case does not cover the entire head 
but a few cases continue to spread until they cover 
the entire person. Of course, the parts earlier 
attacked have recovered before the distant parts 
are reached. So long as it stays upon the surface 
there is comparatively small danger, but it is liable 
to penetrate to the deeper tissues and set up sup- 
puration, when it becomes an exceedingly danger- 
ous disease. When that occurs, free lancing of the 127 
parts in a number of places becomes absolutely 
necessary. But that will be done by the doctor. 
I will only give directions for the management of 
the surface cases and the management of all before 
the arrival of the doctor when called. 
TREATMENT. 
In the first place, separate your patient from the 
rest of the household. The nurse should have no 
open wounds, however small they may be. 
When the first fever comes on, as usual get 
down No. 14 and prepare some of it by putting 
twenty drops into twenty teaspoonfuls of water. 
Of this give three teaspoonfuls (to an adult) for the 
first dose, and repeat once an hour with one tea- 
spoonful, or enough to bring down the fever and 
hold it down. At the same time, get down Tablet 
No. 1 and give one tablet every hour till the bowels 
move freely, alternating the two medicines. The 
patient thus has medicine every half hour. After 
the bowels are freely moved, drop the tablets, No. 
1, and get down Tablets No. 11. Of these give one 
ever}7 four hours through to the end of the disease. 
After about two days, solution No. 14 had better 
be dropped and No. 20 substituted in its place. 
Dissolve four tablets of No. 20 in two ounces of 
water and give a teaspoonful of the solution once 
in four hours, alternating with No. 11. This will 
now give the patient medicine every two hours. 
A large number of remedies have been recom- 
mended from time to time to apply to the eruption, 
but they do no good toward checking it any more 
than the same remedies would, if applied to the 
eruption of Measles. The disease is self limited 
and will run its course despite any and all applica- 
tions. Since there is much burning pain in the 128 
seat of the eruption, it is well to keep upon it a 
cloth dipped every few minutes in cold water. Do 
this with a view, not of checking the disease, but 
of relieving the burning pain. The water is as 
good an application as has yet been found. 
CHAP. IX. Grip. 
This disease is perhaps as little understood as 
any disease with which we have to contend. It has 
appeared in epidemics, of which there are medical 
records for two hundred years or more. These 
epidemics have been often separated from each 
other by spaces of many years. In 1889 the last 
epidemic made its appearance in the United States, 
since which time, contrary to its previous history, 
it has been steadily with us. It undoubtedly is a 
contagious, specific fever, which always spreads by 
contact, but so rapidly that were its ravages not 
always along well established lines of travel, its con- 
tagiousness might be doubted. It unquestionably 
depends upon a specific germ, but that germ has 
never yet been isolated and we know nothing of its 
life history. The disease, when present at all in a 
community, is so prevalent and has so many 
differing complications that in the popular idea all 
the ills that flesh is heir to, are indiscriminately 
called "Grip." Particularly is it true that every 
manifestation of cold, cough or inflammation of any 
organ in the respiratory tract is called "Grip." 
This is very misleading. 
Grip in itself is a serious disease and should 
receive the most careful attention, while many of 129 
the attacks called Grip are trivial and scarcely pro- 
duce indisposition. 
This confusion of terms often leads to undue 
exposure and, as a consequence, disastrous results. 
In the first place, while inflammation of the breath- 
ing organs are frequently secondarily produced, 
there is no necessary connection of Grip with them. 
Many of the worst cases of Grip show not the 
slightest appearance of any "cold" from first to 
last. There is a very rapidly growing germ intro- 
duced into the system in some way, how is not now 
known. It grows and multiplies. Its products are 
developed and thrown upon the system. Those 
products are a direct poison to the nervous centers. 
We know this because of symptoms which are 
always produced. The patient is always more or 
less suddenly attacked with headache, chilly sensa- 
tions and intense pain in the bones and in the joints 
and muscles. There is usually considerable fever, 
sometimes running up to even 106°, but more often 
not more than 108°. With the very high fever, there 
may be delirium, as there may be from high fever 
produced by any other cause. In the earlystage there 
maybe a slight rash, like Scarlet Fever, but it quickly 
subsides, and in most cases does not appear at all. 
The most prominent symptom is the aching of the 
bones, which is most intense. In this stage, when 
severe, it might be taken for Smallpox, or for Acute 
Inflammatory Rheumatism, so severe is the pain. 
These conditions last from a few hours to four or 
five days and from them the convalesence is slow, 
often taking weeks, or months, for the patient to 
rally his old-time condition. The average length 
of an uncomplicated attack may be set down as one 
week, but this is so indefinite as to be of little 
value. The prostration is very great, the heart is 130 
weak, the tongue heavily coated, the urine scanty 
and high-colored, and appetite absolutely gone. 
These, I say, are the uncomplicated cases. All 
the symptoms are nervous in their nature. All the 
functions of the body are deranged, because of the 
effect of the poison on the central nervous system. 
In every case, that central nervous system receives 
the brunt of the attack. Now, what is the result 
of this? We find a multitude of sequels or compli- 
cations extending to every part of the body-the 
eyes, the ears, the throat, the lungs, the bowels, the 
kidneys, the joints, the heart, the glands-are each 
and every one affected in different cases. From 
nowhere else than the central nervous system could 
all these differing complications come. Many cases 
recover without any complication, but it is no 
uncommon history that dates disease of any organ 
in the body back to an attack of Grip. When 
viewed in this light, this disease becomes more 
important than any other with which we have to 
contend. Its proper treatment becomes of the 
greatest importance. When we know, further, that 
the mere giving of medicine has little effect upon 
it, its proper hygenic management assumes a crit- 
ical importance. 
TREATMENT. 
As soon as it is suspected that a patient has 
Grip he should go to bed and stay there till all the 
symptoms are gone. As usual with the most of any 
acute disease. I would clean out the bowels by giv- 
ing Tablet No. 1, one every hour till the bowels 
move. 
If the fever is slight, say not above 101°, I would 
not give any fever mixture at all, but if it raises to 
102°, or higher, (it sometimes goes to 106°) I would 131 
give No. 14, in one drop doses, till it comes down. 
1 would prepare this as usual, by putting ten drops 
into ten teaspoonfuls of water and giving a tea- 
spoonful dose. 
For the intense headache, I would give Tablet 
No. 5-two for the first dose, and after that one 
every two hours till the pain is relieved. 
Inasmuch as there is great depression, I would 
begin at once with a stimulant, and give regularly 
every two hours Tablet No. 11. This is quinine, 
and should it make the ears ring I would put the 
doses farther apart, but not discontinue it alto- 
gether. 
This treatment in the uncomplicated cases, 
always with rest in bed, will bring about the best 
results. When complications spoken of above 
occur, they must be treated exactly as though they 
occurred disconnected with Grip. You will find 
each one treated under its appropriate head. 
CHAP. X.-Malaria. 
The term Malaria has in the past had a very 
wide, popular meaning. It has frequently been the 
case that all bad feelings whether nervous, diges- 
tive, or infective, were called Malaria, and quinine 
pills were swallowed in quantities for its cure. 
Often when the physician was called and he was in 
doubt as to the real trouble, he would say, "You 
have a slight touch of malaria," because he knew 
that would be satisfactory to the patient. As a 
matter of fact there is but very little malaria in 
this latitude in any of the great Northwestern 
states, and people are beginning to find it out. 132 
Where pounds of quinine were used fifteen years 
ago, ounces now supply the demand. In all cases 
where it is well established that malaria is present 
it is well to use the quinine, for nothing else will 
take its place. However, first be sure of its pres- 
ence. It is an infectious disease, marked by some 
one of four different types: 
First. Chill and Fever (Ague). 
Second. Continued Fever with remissions (Bil- 
ious Fever). 
Third. Congestive Chills. 
Fourth. Chronic Poisoning with enlarged spleen. 
It is my purpose to take up only the first type, 
because the other three are of so severe and com- 
plicated a nature that they should never be han- 
dled by anybody except a skilled physician. 1 need 
say nothing further of them; their severity is suffi- 
cient to warn any ordinary observer that the doc- 
tor's services are needed. 
The poison, be it plant germ or animal parasite 
which causes it has never yet been satisfactorily 
determined. It has long been known that it 
abounds in low, swampy grounds, in the lower 
story of a building, when the upper story might 
be free, in the night time when the daylight be 
safe, and under many other conditions which are 
very puzzling. Very recently a discovery has been 
made that promises much toward the clearing up 
of the mystery, although as yet the whole question 
is under discussion. That discovery is, that the 
specific poison which conveys it is in the mosquito. 
By the bite of this insect a slight wound is made, 
and in that wound is inoculated the protosoan ani- 
mal which gives rise to the symptom known as Ma- 
laria. The discovery now well established that the 
so-called Texas Fever in cattle is propogated by 133 
ticks and by ticks alone, led to this discovery of the 
effect of the mosquito bite. That explanation 
throws light upon the prevalence of the disease 
in certain localities, only because in those locali- 
ties the mosquitos are abundant and in others they 
are few or wanting altogether. 
Men have lived for months in malaria infested 
swamps, exposed to the night air and all vicissi- 
tudes of the climate, by simply being constantly 
within a mosquito-proof net or tent. This experi- 
ment is a very strong proof of the correctness of 
the latest theory of the disease and furnishes a 
pointed indication for the prevention of the disease. 
Make war on the mosquitos, by destroying all the 
ponds of water where they can breed, and properly 
screen every opening of the house where they can 
enter. 
The form of Malaria which I propose to take up 
is known as Intermittent Fever-Chills and Fever, 
or Fever and Ague. 
A patient who has once been sick with this dis- 
ease usually knows when he is going to have a chill 
a few hours before its arrival. The onset is indi- 
cated by a feeling of general discomfort by a desire 
to stretch, by headache and sometimes by vomit- 
ing. He feels cold and the tips of the fingers and 
toes may be cold and blue, but the thermometer in 
the mouth, or under the arm, will show that he 
actually has fever, even though suffering with the 
cold. He shivers and his teeth chatter, while he 
draws up to the fire and puts on all the clothing he 
can get. The temperature, as shown by the ther- 
mometer at this time, will be anywhere from 101® 
to 106°. The urine is increased in quantity. The 
length of the chill is very variable, lasting from 134 
only a few minutes to a couple of hours. A half 
hour is a common time. 
Gradually, he begins to feel the flashes of heat, 
the skin becomes dry and hot, the face is flushed 
and the head throbs with pain. The temperature 
may actually not be any higher than it was during 
the chill, but the patient feels intolerably hot. 
Quite often he is delirious. This hot stage is as 
variable in length as is the cold stage, and during 
it the patient consumes large quantities of cold 
water. Following this is a stage of sweat, in which 
all the pores of the skin are active. The fever 
gradually subsides and the headache disappears. 
The patient is apt to sleep for a time and wakes up 
feeling much better that he supposed it possible to 
feel after his recent extreme suffering. 
Now follows a period of health of varying length, 
sometimes twelve hours, sometimes twenty-four 
hours, sometimes forty-eight hours (the most com- 
mon time), and sometimes seventy-two hours, when 
he goes back and repeats all the symptoms again, 
to be followed after a like time by the third attack. 
So he may go on for weeks, and even months, with 
chills and fever. 
The object of treatment is to break up that 
periodic recurrence of the symptoms, and it has 
been found that quinine is a specific for that pur- 
pose. There is no doubt but that it acts by killing 
the germ in the blood, or the protozon, if it be the 
animal parasite as now supposed. 
As I said I do not wish to take up the other 
types of Malaria, but I will say here that after the 
first chill, which comes on exactly as it does in the 
type just described, there is a short time of freedom 
from fever, but only for an hour or so, when the 
fever again returns. Each day there will be a short 135 
remission, as it is called, of normal temperature, 
but the rest of the time there is continuous fever. 
After a week of this, it is sometimes very difficult 
to distinguish between it and Typhoid Fever, which 
has given rise to the senseless name of Typhoid 
Malarial Fever. You might as well talk of an ox- 
horse, or an oats-wheat, as a Typhoid-Malaria. It 
is one or the other, but not both. It may take a 
few days to determine which it is, but the skillful 
physician can determine it. It is not well, under 
such cases of doubt, to fill the patient up with 
quinine, on the supposition that it is Malaria, 
because if it proves to be Typhoid much harm is 
done. I believe I have seen deaths from Typhoid 
Fever which yvere due entirely to large doses of 
quinine, given under the supposition that the case 
was Malaria. Better temporize with the case for a 
few days till the case is well made out. That time 
can be well used in cleaning out the system and 
combatting fever, according to directions given 
under Typhoid Fever. 
TREATMENT. 
During the cold stage, it is best not to do too 
much, because you know that it is not going to last 
very long. No particular good is produced by giv- 
ing hot drinks-such as hot lemonade, hot whisky, 
ginger, cayenne pepper, etc. They will just begin 
to get in their work when the hot stage comes on 
and the patient will be more uncomfortable on 
account of them. 
Wrap the patient in blankets, put hot water 
bottles to his feet and to his hands, and give him 
what cold water he wants to drink. These are 
readily gotten rid of when the chill ceases. He 
needs no medicine as yet, except pretty full doses 136 
of No. 14, of which you will give four drops for the 
first dose and one drop each hour thereafter. This 
is a fever mixture, and you will remember that 
even though the patient complains of cold, the 
thermometer shows him to have fever. 
When the hot stage comes on, you will already 
have him fairly well under control of the fever 
mixture and will thus shorten that hot stage. 
During the hot stage continue the fever mixture 
once an hour and urge the patient to take large 
quantities of cold water. Soon the sweating stage 
comes on. Favor the sweating by wrapping in 
blankets, as that sweat is carrying off the poison- 
ous material is from the blood. 
After the sweat is over, then go after the bowels 
to clean them out and get ready for the quinine. 
For that purpose give Tablet No. 1, starting with 
five of them for the first dose and repeat with one 
every hour till free watery stools are produced. 
You are now ready for No. 11 (quinine). Give 
three tablets of it every four hours till four doses 
are given, using large draughts of water with each. 
At the same time you give the quinine give a single 
tablet of No. 20 every four hours, alternating with 
the quinine, also with large draughts of water. 
This will give the patient medicine every two hours. 
This will, in almost every case, prevent the 
occurrence of the next expected chill. On the day 
after the expected chill, give a single quinine tablet 
three times, but the day after that, when the chill 
is again expected, go back and give the big doses 
of quinine again, alternating with No. 20, exactly 
as you did at first. After that three quinine tablets 
a day for four or five days will be enough. The 
Malaria will be gone. 
After an attack like this, there will necessarily 137 
be some prostration and a tonic eliminant will be 
well. You have in No. 21 just the tonic to use. 
You have a twelve ounce bottle of it ready pre- 
pared in the Cabinet, No. 21|, but if that bottle is 
empty, prepare more of it, according to directions 
given in Book IV, Chapter I. Take two teaspoon- 
fuls three times a day for ten days. If it proves 
too laxative, lessen your dose a little till it works 
right. 
The doses ordered in this chapter on Malaria 
are all for an adult. Remember that for a child 
twelve years old one-half should be given, for one 
six years old one-fourth, and for one one year old 
one-tenth. 
CHAP. XT. Rheumatism. 
Rheumatism is a disease that occurs under a 
multitude of different forms. This multiplicity of 
form has given rise to many popular names, which 
to the uninitiated mean different diseases: Acute 
Inflammatory Rheumatism, Chronic Rheumatism, 
Muscular Rheumatism, Sciatic Rheumatism, and a 
host of other names occur. Tn reality it is one and 
the same disease, under all of its forms, but the 
differences come in under its varying intensity and 
its location. 
It primarily depends upon a lack of excretion. 
Through deranged action of the excretory organs 
(the bowels, the kidneys, the skin, the glands, etc.), 
there is formed in the blood an excess of uric acid, 
which being deposited in the tissues give rise to 
inflammations more or less severe. A whole vol- 
ume could be written upon its many manifesta- 138 
tions without exhausting the subject, but the kernel 
of the whole matter is found, as stated, in the lack 
of excretion of uric acid, one of the chief products 
of waste in the normal change of tissues in the pro- 
cess of life. There is often deposited, particularly 
around the joints, limy concretions, which give rise 
to deformities and which sometimes even throw 
joints out of their sockets. Long, continuted irri- 
tation sometimes make tendons contract and thus 
prevent legs and arms from being straightened. 
The heart is more often affected than any other 
organ, giving rise to contraction of the valves, thus 
leaving an organic heart disease, after the Rheuma- 
tism has otherwise recovered. But these complica- 
tions must be referred to the family physician, our 
purpose here being to enable you to know the dis- 
ease when you see it and to at once apply the cor- 
rect treatment. 
It is important to know the cause of the disease, 
because there is a popular idea that liniments and 
other outside applications are curative. Those out- 
side applications sometimes relieve suffering, and 
hence are worth while, but let it never be forgotten 
that they, one and all, are simply to relieve pain. 
They do absolutely nothing toward curing the 
disease. 
First. Acute Inflammatory Rheumatism. 
As a rule the attack comes on rapidly, a chill of 
more or less severity preceding it. One day, or 
even less, is time enough for its full development. 
The temperature rises to 102°, or perhaps even to 
105°. Of course, there is, as with all fevers, the 
coated tongue, the loss of appetite, scanty, high- 
colored urine and usually constipation. In most 
cases there is a profuse sweat of sour, ill smelling 
quality. One or more joints becomes painful to 139 
move and soon becomes swollen and hot. The skin 
becomes of a pinkish red color, sometimes quite 
bright red. Sometimes only one joint is affected, 
but more often several of them. The disease has 
the peculiar habit of jumping about from one joint 
to another, going without any seeming method in 
its course, to-day being in one hand, tomorrow in a 
knee of the same or opposite side, the next day in 
the shoulders and the day following in the toes. 
It thus shows that its cause is not local but gen- 
eral. The inability to change position without 
great pain, the drenching sweats, the great pros- 
tration, the peculiar look of the swollen and red 
joints, together with the jumping about from place 
to place are sufficient to make sure of the presence 
of Acute Rheumatism. It is one of the most dis- 
tressing of acute fevers. 
Second. Subacute Inflammatory Rheumatism. 
This differs from the above in no particular 
except in the intensity of the attack. Fewer of the 
joints are affected, the fever does not run so high, 
there is less swelling and redness and the sweats 
are not so profuse. It is a distinction in name only 
and is introduced here only that you should not be 
mislead by some partially informed person who 
tells you "that cannot be Inflammatory Rheuma- 
tism, because it is not severe enough/' 
The bed should be a solid mattress-one that 
does not sink down under the weight of the patient 
when moved. The pain is too severe for that. The 
night gown, preferably of flannel, should be slit 
down the front so it can be put off and on like a 
coat. There should be several of them, because of 
the frequent need of change from the wetting by 
TREATMENT. 140 
the sweats. It is best to slit the sleeves also, to 
facilitate putting on and off over the inflamed 
joints. Flannel sheets or blankets should be used, 
instead of cotton sheets to prevent chilling from 
the wet. 
Get down your cotton, No. 27, and carefully 
unroll a sufficient amount to make a good, warm 
wrapping for the affected joint or joints. Apply it 
evenly, and around this wrap a towel or piece of 
cloth making a well applied dressing. Then lay 
the arm or leg upon a small pillow or cushion in 
such position as gives it most comfort. It may be 
necessary to change the position a hundred times a 
day, for the pain and restlessness are great. Give 
the patient all the water he wants to drink-the 
more he will take the better. You know the dis- 
ease is due to a lack of excretion and the more 
water you run through him the more of those 
poisonous products will be dissolved and carried 
out. The sweating is nature's plan of getting rid 
of those products. 
Look to his feeding from the first, because the 
attack is liable to be a long one and the waste of 
strength is great. Milk is the most suitable diet. 
It furnishes all the elements necessary for nutrition 
and it renders the kidneys very active, thus pro- 
moting excretion. Many patients do not like milk, 
but even those can take it as medicine. A half a 
tumblerful swallowed every three hours makes a 
quart a day. There is no patient who cannot take 
that much, if he will. Bring to him just the 
amount you expect him to swallow, at absolutely 
regular intervals, and insist upon his taking the 
whole of it, just as you would medicine. The best 
hours are 3, 6, 9, 12 a. m., and 3, 6, 9, 12 p. m. With 
these hours the only inconvenient dose is at 3 141 
o'clock in the morning. Many patients take readily 
three quarts of milk every twenty-four hours for 
weeks at a time. Milk need not be relied upon 
alone, but egg albumen, oat meal, fruit and soups 
can be added as occasion offers (see page 19). Green 
vegetables can be given if relished, but meat should 
be omitted. Fresh, ripe tomatoes are often very 
much relished and are unobjectionable. 
The skin should be bathed daily with tepid 
water and wiped dry, especially during the time of 
the profuse sweating. 
So much for the general management of the 
the case. Next comes the medication. 
First open up the bowels with a teaspoonful of 
No. 13, dissolved in half a glass of hot water, the 
whole to be taken at one dose. Repeat in four 
hours if necessary. Get from the Cabinet Tablet 
No. 6. Of these crush twenty-four into a powder. 
Dissolve the whole twenty-four in four ounces of 
water (using your graduate). When fully dissolved 
give a tablespoonful (not a teaspoon, but a large 
tablespoon) in half a glass of water every three 
hours. If you have good, pure cistern water that is 
better, but any good drinking water will do. Fol- 
low this up for two or three days, but if the symp- 
toms are greatly relieved before that time you can 
lessen the dose. By the end of three days this 
medicine should be discontinued, but it may again 
be resorted to, after three or four days, if there 
should be need of it. following the same directions 
as before. 
Also get down Tablet No. 20 and the package of 
ordinary baking soda from the pantry shelf. Dis- 
solve ten of the tablets in four ounces of water 
(using your graduate). Also put into this same 
mixture an ordinary heaping teaspoonful of baking 142 
soda (not baking powder, but ordinary baking soda 
or salaratus) and dissolve the whole mixture 
together. Of this mixture give a teaspoonful in 
water once in three hours, alternating with the 
solution of Tablet No. 6. This will give the patient 
medicine every hour and a half. 
You see that both of these medicines are to be 
given in quite a quantity of water and the food is 
to be milk, soups, etc., thus making large quantities 
of fluids swallowed. The hour of taking these 
medicines should be so arranged as not to come on 
the food hour. Say, start the No. 6 at 7 o'clock 
and repeat it at 10, 1, 4, etc. This will bring No. 
20 at 11:30, 2:30, 5:30, etc. 
Now, get down your bottle of blue litmus paper 
No. 17. Take out the least little strip, half the 
width of a match and an inch long is as good as a 
larger piece. Have the patient pass a little urine 
into a clean vessel. Drop the slip of paper into it 
and you will see it will turn the paper red. 
Go on giving medicine No. 20 for one day and 
then repeat the test with another piece of blue 
paper. If it still turns red increase the dose of No. 
20 one half and go on for twelve hours more, when 
you make another test. As soon as the paper 
ceases to turn red (remains blue), you can drop off 
a little in No. 20, but giving enough to keep that 
paper blue all the time. Test twice a day and give 
no more than is needed, but give enough to produce 
the result. If at any time it drops back to the red 
again, it shows you have not been giving quite 
enough and the dose should be increased. This can 
be given for weeks at a time, if needed. 
After No. 6 is dropped, according to directions 
above given, it is well to put a single tablet of No. 143 
11 in its place, alternating with the No. 20-soda 
mixture. 
Sometimes the pain and restlessness are so great 
that some sort of pain reliever is necessary, and in 
such cases Tablet No. 3 can be used, giving two at 
a time and repeating once in three hours so long as 
needed-but, it should be remembered, that this is 
simply to relieve pain and does no good other than 
that. It should not be given any oftener than is 
absolutely necessary. Much can be done to relieve 
the pain by packing the inflamed joints about 
with hot water bottles, simply laying them along- 
side of the limb bandaged in cotton as described 
above. Keep the bowels moving daily by giving, if 
necessary, one tablet of No. 2 night and morning, 
using only as many as needed. 
Many times much good comes from a steam 
bath in a cabinet, of which there are many on the 
market. If one is used, simply be careful to pro- 
tect the patient from cold after its use. Roll him 
in blankets and let him sweat. There is nothing 
in the treatment described above that is not in 
perfect harmony with the use of any one of them. 
The length of an ordinary attack of Inflamma- 
tory Rheumatism is very variable. Sometimes a 
week or ten days is sufficient to effect a cure, while 
in other cases it runs for many weeks, or even 
months. Any very long, continued case, or any 
case with complications, should be at once referred 
to the family physician. 
Third. Chronic Rheumatism. 
This type of disease may follow an attack of 
Acute Rheumatism, but more commonly it comes 
on slowly. Stiffness and pain are the chief symp- 
toms, both of which are very variable. The condi- 
tions of the weather seem to have much to do witli 144 
them, the patient often being able to predict a 
storm many hours in advance of any visible sign, 
simply by the discomfort in the affected joints. 
The joints may be a little swollen and tender to 
the touch, but are seldom red. There is no fever. 
As a rule, many joints are involved, but not always. 
Exercise limbers up the stiffened joints and in 
many cases the day which started in without much 
ability to move ends in comparative comfort. 
It is usually not dangerous to life, but it is dis- 
distressing and may lead to deformity by deposits 
of lime in the joints. Heart complications seldom 
occur unless they have already begun in a previous 
attack of the acute type of the disease. It per- 
sists indefinitely and while its worst symptoms may 
be alleviated from time to time, it is never cured. 
The victim should live on a vegetable diet, giv- 
ing up meat nearly altogether. He should dress 
comfortably in flannel the year round. He should 
avoid all excess in life, living temperately, regularly 
and morally. The digestive functions under such 
circumstances will be in good order and the bowels 
can be readily kept so. 
Such a patient should drink large quantities of 
good, pure water daily, filtered cistern water being 
the best, but any pure water will do. The bowels 
should be kept open by taking one of Tablet No. 2 
each night, if necessary, but to avoid this, when 
possible, by directions given under the head of Con- 
stipation in another chapter of this book. 
When acute exacerbations of this disease occur 
it should be treated in accord with directions given 
under Acute Rheumatism, or such portion of it as 
is needed, but when it is entirely chronic no good 
can come from the treatment mentioned there. 
(Page 139.) 145 
At such times you want an alterative tonic 
eliminant, and that you have in No. 21. You have 
a twelve ounce bottle of it already prepared in the 
Cabinet and when that is gone you can prepare 
twelve ounces more, according to directions given 
in Book IV, Chapter VII. Of this mixture you give 
two teaspoonfuls three times a day, after meals. 
This is the dose for an adult. For a child twelve 
years old you give half that amount, and for one 
six years old one-fourth of it. If this proves too 
laxative after a few days, cut down the dose as 
much as is shown to be necessary, but continue to 
give what the patient can stand for ten days or two 
weeks. Then drop it for a time and begin again. 
Many people who can afford it go to a warmer 
climate for the winter, thus escaping the most 
common condition which seems to bring on this 
disease, but even there they do not escape it 
entirely. Electricity, that potent remedy of quacks, 
has been tried till it is proven beyond doubt to be 
no good. Turkish baths and thorough kneading of 
the affected parts do sometimes help, as also do 
vapor baths, taken in a cabinet, which you can buy 
for a dollar or two and use in your own home. 
Remember. 
First. A vegetable diet. 
Second. Large quantities of water daily. 
Third. A regular life. 
Fourth. Flannel clothing and protection from 
wet and cold. 
After these come medicines of which the most is 
to be hoped from our tonic laxative eliminant No. 
21. All these will help you, but none of them will 
cure you so that you will not have it again. 
Fourth. Muscular Rheumatism. 
I have already said that this name does not 146 
mean anything different, so far as disease is con- 
cerned. It is simply another manifestion of the 
same old complaint, and comes under the head of 
the chronic type treated in the last preceding 
division. There are three forms of it, which have 
common and well-known names and it is only to 
introduce those names that I write this separate 
division. The treatment is the same as that given 
in last preceding section with some additions soon 
to follow. These three names are: 
(a) Lumbago-Rheumatism of the muscles in 
the back. 
(b) Stiff Neck-Rheumatism of a single muscle 
in the neck. 
(c) Pleurodynia-Rheumatism of the muscles 
between the ribs. 
Any of these is often helped remarkably by the 
application of a bit of chloroform. You will have 
to get that at the drug store. Put half a teaspoon- 
ful upon an ordinary blotter and quickly apply it 
to the seat of the pain. Over this place a folded 
towel and press the warm hand against it. In 
about half a minute it will burn so badly the 
patient will be trying to climb out of bed, a thing 
he could not do a moment before. Repeat the 
chloroform two or three times within the next five 
minutes and then get the patient out of bed and 
make him use those muscles. Bend back and forth, 
pick up a needle thrown on the floor, lift up a chair 
and hold it out like a dumb bell. It is almost 
miraculous how a patient lying in bed, absolutely 
unable to move hand or foot without agony, can in 
less than five minutes be walking about the room, 
swinging his arms and lifting weights, all by the 
use of a little chloroform and putting the affected 
muscles on the stretch. All three of the types 147 
whose names are given above are managed in the 
same way. After this start is made, treat them 
exactly as directed for Chronic Rheumatism, on 
page 145. 148 
BOOK IV. 
MISCELLANEOUS CHAPTERS. 
CHAP. I. Inflammation of the Eyes. 
Lt would require a whole volume to describe all 
the diseases to which the eyes are subject, and it is 
not expected in a work like this. 
Many forms of eye trouble are due to short- 
sightedness, or long-sightedness, or differences in 
length of sight of the two eyes, causing a 
constant effort of the patient to bring the eyes into 
focus. This is apt to give rise to serious headaches, 
which can only be remedied by wearing prop- 
erly fitting glasses. Under such circumstances 
no time should be lost in having the eyes fitted 
with glasses by a competent oculist. No medicine 
would do them any good. 
The largest number of eye troubles, however, 
are due to simple inflammation of the thin mem- 
brane covering the front of the eyeball and lining 
the lids. This inflammation is most frequently 
caused by exposure to high winds, bright light, dust, 
excessive use of the eyes, particularly at night, or 
of sweat running into the eyes while at work. The 
remedies suggest themselves. Protect the eyes 
from high winds and dust by wearing a simple pair 
of slightly smoked, glasses, which you can buy in 
any optical shop. They should not magnify at all, 
but should be simply plain glass which is very 149 
slightly colored. They are for protection only and 
to give the eyes restand avoid the wind and dust. If 
there is a sticky discharge, which makes the lids 
cling together in the morning, do not pull this off 
by rough rubbing and thus irritate the eyes, but 
soak it off with simple tepid water, cleaning it 
thoroughly, and anoint the edges of the lids with 
ointment from No. 18. This is not to be put into 
the eyes, but upon the edge of the lids among and 
behind the eye winkers. You can do this in the 
morning, but more particularly is it needed at night, 
as the ointment will help to prevent the lids from 
sticking together. The same line of treatment 
should be followed in case of styes. 
Wash out the eyes thoroughly twice a day with 
clean, tepid water, putting the face into the water, 
and winking while the eyes are immersed. It is 
nicer to have what is called an eye glass, which 
is a very small tumbler with edges so shaped as 
to fit the brow, and into which you can put one 
eye at a time and wash it thoroughly. Any 
druggist can get you such a glass, if he does 
not happen to have it in stock, and it should cost 
you only a few cents. After the eyes are thor- 
oughly cleaned, they are ready for your ''eye 
water," which you will make from No. 8. Dissolve 
two tablets of No. 8 in an ounce of clear water, 
preferably fresh rain water, but any perfectly clear 
water will do. When the tablets are perfectly dis- 
solved, take one of your droppers and drop a little 
of the eye water into the eyes. The quantity is 
immaterial, because the excess will simply run out. 
The object is to bathe all parts of the eye with the 
medicine. This can be done twice a day. If the 
medicine produces smarting for a very long time, 
reduce the strength one-half by adding water. If. 150 
on the other hand, it makes no effect, increase the 
strength by adding another one or two tablets. 
Your solution should be put in a bottle and 
kept corked to prevent the possibility of getting 
dirt of any kind into the eye. A few days of this 
treatment will be all that is necessary for the 
simple inflammation under discussion. 
If the lids are granulated, or other serious trou- 
bles are present, consult an oculist and not the 
ordinary family physician. Neither do you want 
an optician, who is simply a spectacle vender. You 
want an oculist who understands the diseases of 
the eye. 
Many times these inflammations of the eyes are 
indirectly dependent upon a bad condition of the 
stomach and bowels. If anything is wrong with 
those organs they should receive proper attention, 
directions for which you will find under the proper 
heading, but most cases will be helped by a few day's 
taking of No. 21. You will find in the Cabinet a 
twelve ounce bottle of No. 21 properly prepared and 
numbered 21|. If that bottle is used up, prepare more 
by putting three ounces of No. 21 in that twelve 
ounce bottle and filling it up with syrup made 
from white sugar. Of this preparation take two 
teaspoonfuls after each meal-for child twelve 
years old half that amount, and one six years old one- 
fourth that amount. If after taking a day or two 
the bowels become too loose, lessen the dose as 
may be needed, but continue to take what is needed 
for about ten days. 151 
CHAP. II. Irritation of Kidneys and Bladder 
Serious diseases of the kidneys and bladder must 
be referred to the family physician, because there 
is much detail in connection with determining the 
forms they assume. 
There are, however, numerous cases of scanty, 
high-colored urine, together with much discomfort 
and backache, or of cases of very frequent urina- 
tion with, or without, burning sensations that only 
need a little intelligent care at home for their relief. 
You have in No. 20 a tablet prepared for this special 
purpose. Take four tablets of No. 20 and crush 
them, putting them into two ounces of water (use 
your graduate). Of this mixture, take two tea- 
spoonfuls in a half a glass of water once in three 
hours, till quantity of urine is materially increased. 
This will be hastened by taking large draughts of 
water. If the bowels are not free, or are consti- 
pated, open them up with Tablet No. I, by taking 
one tablet every hour till they move freely. Should 
the bowels be inclined to return to their sluggish 
condition take a single tablet of No. 2 each night 
for several nights. 
A diet largely of milk for a few days will also 
help to flush out the kidneys and bladder, although 
plenty of water is usually sufficient for that 
purpose. 
Many people, particularly women, are victims 
to headaches, which have baffled the skill of the best 
physicians. Those headaches often depend upon a 
wrong condition in a distant part of the body, as 
CHAP. HL Nervous Headache. 152 
in the stomach, in the kidneys, in the eyes, or in 
the womb. When so dependent, of course, it is 
folly to be giving medicines for the one symptom 
of headache. The cause should be sought and the 
remedy applied there. The eyes should be exam- 
ined by an oculist, a gynecological surgeon should 
examine the reproductive organs and the family 
physician should look after the stomach and bowels. 
But, after all these possible sources of irritation have 
been investigated and the organs examined found 
to be in good working order, there remains a 
host of cases in which the one symptom of head- 
ache still remains. There is nothing left to do but to 
palliate that symptom. It will not do to simply 
pass it off by saying that it is only a headache and 
never kills. Relief from the pain is needed. In all 
such cases, it is the custom of the author of this 
book to use a preparation of the nature of No. 21 
of your Cabinet. You will find a twelve ounce bot- 
tle of it ready prepared in the case. Prepared by 
by putting three ounces of No. 21 into your twelve 
ounce bottle and filling up the bottle with syrup 
made from white sugar. Of that take two tea- 
spoonfuls after each meal. After taking it a few 
days, should the bowels become too loose, drop the 
noon dose, or the morning dose, or both if neces- 
sary, but continue to take enough to keep the 
bowels open. Go back and study carefully the 
chapter in this book upon Constipation, for nine out 
often of the victims of headache are constipated. 
By following directions there break up the con- 
stipation. After all this is done, you may resort to 
the headache tablets provided in No. 5 of your 
Cabinet. This tablet can be taken one every two 
hours, till head is relieved. In some cases it is best 
to take two for the first dose and afterward repeat 153 
with one every two hours. The tablets are only a 
temporary makeshift, but they relieve pain and are 
therefore allowable. Do not use them unless 
needed and do not continue them longer than 
needed. 
CHAP. IV. Feeding of Children. 
For babies there is nothing like mother's milk. 
In all cases, in which the mother can nurse the 
child, it is a moral duty for her to do so, but there 
are constantly occurring cases when the death of 
the mother, her ill health, the failure of her supply 
of milk, or the poor quality of milk produced, it 
becomes absolutely necessary to put the child upon 
artificial food. In all cases of simple lack of 
quantity of the milk the mother should try to 
increase it by drinking plenty of good cow's milk 
herself and taking some one of the many prepara- 
tions of malt that are on the market. Parke, 
Davis & Co.'s Extract of Malt, Trommer's Extract 
of Malt, Wyeth's Malt, Tarrant's Malt and Maltine, 
are all good preparations and often, in connection 
with good food taken by the mother, will so 
increase her flow of milk as to supply the needs of 
the baby. But, after all these means have been 
exhausted, there remains a large number of cases 
for which other food must be provided. 
Cow's milk fits, by far, the largest number of 
cases, but it must be properly prepared. In the 
first place, it must be absolutely clean, and in the 
next place it must be fed through an absolutely 
clean bottle and nipple. Never try to use any of 
the new fangled nursing bottles, which have a long 154 
tube running down into the bottle for the purpose 
of allowing you to lay the baby down, and let it 
have its feed while you do your work or visit; those 
tubes cannot be kept clean and the germs of 
fermentation are constantly introduced into the 
food. 
Use any common bottle. Buy a half a dozen 
black rubber tips, shaped like a thimble. These, 
with the bottle, can be scalded between each two 
feedings. In the meantime (between feeds), keep 
both in pure cold water. The baby should have 
prepared for it about what it is expected to drink. 
Take it up and make a business of feeding it, till it 
is satisfied and then put it down. Do not feed it 
again for two or three hours. A child is not hungry 
every time it cries. It may cry from excess of food 
as well as from lack of it. When the time comes 
to feed it again, prepare food anew in clean bottle 
and clean nipple. 
Cow's milk contains less cream, less sugar and 
more cheese than human milk and an effort should 
be made to rectify that difference. Let your cow's 
milk stand (always covered up) in a cool place in a 
rather deep dish. After so standing a few hours 
the cream raises to the top and a considerable por- 
tion of the cheese settles toward the bottom. To 
get your baby's milk, push back the cream and 
take four tablespoonfuls of the top milk. To this 
add one tablespoonful of the cream which you have 
pushed back and one tablespoonful of lime water. 
Add to this two tablespoonfuls of water 
and warm by setting the bottle into hot water. A 
little pinch of granulated sugar, not more than 
one-eighth (|) of a teaspoonful, completes the meal. 
This is about the quantity and strength required 
every two or three hours during the day. and about 155 
once or twice, during the night for a child three 
months old. If the child does not take it all, throw 
the balance away, but if it seems to want more pre- 
pare a little larger quantity of the same strength 
each time. A younger child than that must have a 
little more water and an older one less of it. By 
varying the strength from time to time you will 
readily get about the mixture needed by your 
individual child. 
Now, to prepare that lime water. The druggist 
will charge you five cents an ounce for it. You 
can make it for two cents a gallon. Get a two 
quart bottle and a lump of unslacked lime as large 
as your fist. Have the bottle clean and put the 
lime into it by breaking it up. Fill up the bottle 
with cold water and let it stand for a time. Cork 
it up and set it away. The water will dissolve just 
so much lime and no more; the rest will lie in the 
bottom. When you want lime water, just pour it 
out of your bottle without shaking it up. When 
you have used considerable of it from the bottle 
fill it up again with water. You will not need any 
more lime in it for a year, and you can use several 
gallons of lime water from that bottle. That is 
exactly what you buy at the drug store. 
Some children do not stand cow's milk, vary it 
as you will, and such cases must be given some of 
the baby foods upon the market. Horlick's Malted 
Milk, Nestle's Food, Mellin's Food and many others 
are good. Directions for using them are printed 
upon the bottles. But remember this, do not jump 
about from one food to another, thus constantly 
changing the child's diet. Use one long enough, 
together with proper care given to the condition of 
the child's bowels (see chapter on diarrhoeas in 
children) to show whether it is going to agree with 156 
it or not. Always have your babies wear a thin 
flannel bandage about the bowels winter and sum- 
mer. You can let the arms and legs and shoulders 
be bare with safety, but the bowels should always 
be protected. This will help to avoid congestions 
and any food will be much more likely to be 
properly digested. Despite all your care there will 
be some cases that must be referred to your family 
physician. He will be in much better position to 
help you with your child, by your having the 
knowledge contained in this chapter well in your 
mind. 
CHAP. V. Delayed and Painful Menstruation. 
It is not the purpose of this book to take up the 
diseases peculiar to women, nor the management of 
midwifery cases. A whole volume is needed to 
cover that field and another cabinet of medicines 
and appliances. However, it has been thought best 
to introduce one medicine in the Cabinet for the 
exclusive use of women, as by it much suffering 
can be saved. 
Menstruation in women is often delayed from 
more or less trivial causes. Exposure in a sudden 
shower while on the street, getting the feet wet. 
the receipt of bad news, a sudden fright, or any one 
of a thousand causes may delay that function. 
Overwork and nervous depression with cold, of 
course, are the most common causes of such delay. 
Many times the period has gone by before the 
woman is aware of it, until she is warned by back- 
ache and heaviness in the limbs that something is 
wrong. If only two or four days have gone by since 157 
the period was due, treatment can be begun right 
away with hope of success, but if ten days or more 
have elapsed it is almost a hopeless task to estab- 
lish the flow before the next period. Under such 
circumstances, I would wait until about four days 
before the expected period, when I would begin 
giving Tablet No. 10. Give one every four hours. 
This will give opportunity to give five tablets each 
day between the hours of 6 o'clock a. m. and 10 p. m. 
Keep this up until the flow is well established. 
The method of giving it is always the same whether 
it is for the immediate re-establishment of a flow 
delayed only a day or two, or to secure in when it 
ought to come four days ahead. The dose is always 
about one every four hours or five tablets per day. 
As an assistant to this tablet, it is well to keep 
the bowels quite lax with Tablet No. 1. In the 
morning take one tablet every hour till the bowels 
move. Then wait till the next morning and repeat 
the dose. Usually not more than four or five days 
will go by before the function will be established. 
As soon as the flow is free, cease giving the medi- 
cine. Hot hip baths and injections of hot water 
with warm underwear assist this treatment. These 
measures have the merit of doing no harm to a 
possible pregnancy. They have no effect upon that 
but only equalize the circulation in the organs con- 
cerned and assist nature in carrying out a natural 
function. 
There is also another class of cases, in which the 
same line of treatment, if carried out, will save 
much suffering. I refer to those cases that are 
more or less regular, but the function is set up only 
with much pain and nervous derangement. Women 
of this type are a burden to themselves during 
nearly one week in four and from the nature of the 158 
case they must suffer and be silent. Such women 
should always try to arrange their affairs so as to 
be able to lie in bed, or at least keep very quiet 
during that time, and by the use of hot baths, hot 
injections and warm clothing hurry up the full and 
free flow. Such will get much relief from taking 
Tablet No. 10 once in four hours for about four or 
five days before menstruation is expected. The 
writer of this article has many women among his 
patients who come to him regularly for "more of 
those little black tablets." 
CHAP. VI. Convulsions or Spasms. 
A Convulsion (or a number of them) does not 
make a disease. It is only a symptom of some 
other trouble. It is of only short duration and sub- 
sides of itself, after a short time, leaving the real 
disease which caused it just the same as before. 
Therefore, the treatment of the convulsion is not 
the important thing to consider. 
A Convulsion may be caused by any one of very 
many diseases. In children they are very common, 
in adults very rare. In adults they are of very 
serious import, and the case should be turned over 
to the physician without loss of time, but in chil- 
dren they do not necessarily mean very much. A 
bit of sour milk in the stomach, a few mouthfuls of 
ham, a part of a green apple, a bit of cheese, or in 
fact any undigested food is often quite enough to 
throw a child into a Convulsion. The approach of 
any one of the diseases of childhood, or of the 
eruptive fevers, or in fact any disease is frequently 
all that is needed to set the nervous machinery 159 
of a child into spasms. Usually they are of so 
short duration that nothing can be done before 
they have subsided of their own accord, but in a 
small number of cases they may remain for an hour 
or more. It, therefore, follows that not too much 
is to be attempted for the Convulsion itself. 
1 have seen a mother seriously scald her child 
by putting it into too hot water, in her excitement, 
in her attempt to "bring the child out," when if left 
to itself it would have quieted in a few minutes 
without her help. The first thing to consider is 
the cause of it. If you know the child has recently 
eaten some indigestible food, give it an emetic at 
once and empty the stomach. Alum is always in 
every house, and is harmless. Crush up a half a 
teaspoonful of it and mix it with syrup or fruit 
juice. Make the child swallow it. Repeat every 
ten minutes till the child vomits. No danger of an 
overdose, for so soon as enough has been absorbed 
to make it vomit, it throws out all the rest of it. 
Give it plenty of warm water to drink to make it 
vomit easily and that will help to wash out the 
stomach. If you know there is no undigested food 
in the stomach, you must clear out the bowels as 
rapidly as possible. This, of course, takes longer, 
but should be done in every case. If the sour stuff 
is in the bowels, and that is causing the trouble, it 
must come out for its own sake, and if there is 
serious disease, like an eruptive fever, or any other 
disease, coming on the bowels should be unloaded as 
the first step toward the proper treatment of that 
disease. So get down Tablet No. 1 and begin giv- 
ing it. Throughout this book I have often given 
directions to give this medicine once an hour till 
the bowels move at the beginning of almost every 
disease for the purpose of getting the system ready 160 
for any other symptoms that may be to come later. 
In case of a Convulsion, you may give it much more 
rapidly, every half hour is none too fast, if the 
Convulsion has been severe. Stop it when you have 
the bowels moved freely. Crush tablets and give 
them as a powder to young children. 
At the same time that you start the tablets, get 
down No. 14, and putting ten drops of it (measur- 
ing out with your dropper) into ten teaspoonfuls of 
water in a glass; give two teaspoonfuls for the first 
dose and repeat with one teaspoonful once an hour, 
or once a half hour, according to the rate at which 
you are giving the tablets. Let the two medicines 
alternate with each other, thus giving medicine 
every half hour, or every quarter hour, according to 
the rate at which you start the tablets. Should 
the child begin to vomit after it has taken No. 14 
awhile, skip every alternate dose of it to lessen the 
quantity of that, but keep up the tablets till you 
get the bowels freely open. 
Now, as to the hot bath so frequently recom- 
mended. It is a good thing when properly given, 
but great care must be taken that the baby is not 
burned. It cannot stand on its body what you can 
stand on your hand. Be sure that the water is not 
too hot, put it into a tub or some vessel large 
enough to put the patient into. Strip him and put 
him in bodily, but at the same time have a towel 
wrung from cold water upon his head. Keep him 
in the bath five or ten minutes, or till he begins to 
relax, and then take him out and roll him up in a 
flannel blanket or shawl. Keep the cold towel on 
the head for an hour or two. In any case, the cold 
towel is a good thing and should be used, but in 
nine cases out of ten the hot bath is not needed, as 
the patient will be relaxed before you can get the 161 
water ready. Should the Convulsion be repeated, 
repeat the bath and continue the No. 14, but the 
No. 1 should always cease when the bowels are 
freely open. From this time on, the question 
simply becomes one of finding out if any special 
disease is behind it. If it is undigested food, and 
nothing else, you will have nothing further to do, 
unless diarrhoea develops. In that case you will 
treat the child for the type of diarrhoea it has. 
Examine the child carefully for evidences of 
severe cold (Pneumonia), for eruptions (any of the 
Eruptive Fevers), sorethroat (Diphtheria, or any of 
the other forms of inflammation about the throat), 
and if evidence of any of them are found, turn to 
that part of the book for directions as to what to 
do next. 
A convulsion occurring in the middle of any 
course of disease, instead of at its approaches more 
serious and best referred to the doctor. 
CHAP. VII. Impure Blood from Imperfect 
Excretion. 
This is to be a chapter, not upon a disease, but 
upon the use of a medicine (No. 21 of the Cabinet), 
in many conditions which may lead up to real dis- 
ease of very varied types. The condition often 
arises that from some cause unknown to an indi- 
vidual every small scratch upon the hand or else- 
where, instead of healing, develops into an ugly 
sore. Particularly is this true of children. It is 
more apt to make itself manifest in the spring of 
the year. The hands chap and crack open, the lips 
have cold sores upon them which discharge and 162 
dry down into unsightly crusts-the discharges 
drop down, or are carried by the fingers to the chin, 
or other parts of the face, and there by innoculation 
start other sores. The glands are liable to swell 
and the victim has kernels more or less large 
along the sides of the neck and under the chops, 
or under the arms, or in the flexures of the elbows, 
or anywhere else about the large joints. There 
may, or may not, be crusts of Eczema (you might 
call it Salt Rheum) upon the head or face, or in 
fact anywhere upon the body. 
Without any of these symptoms there may be a 
languid condition of the whole system, an objection 
to exertion, because slight effort produces over tire. 
There may be, and usually is, a torpid condition of 
the bowels, the head is not clear, the mouth tastes 
bad in the morning, the tongne is more or less 
coated and the whites of the eyes and the skin 
become yellowish. As said above, many of these 
symptoms make their appearance most often in the 
months of spring, due to the fact of a long con- 
tinued diet without the fresh vegetables of the 
garden and the out-door life incident to warm 
weather. Various Rheumatic symptoms may show 
up from time to time, especially if the person is 
addicted to Rheumatism at other times. No one 
person will ever have all of these symptoms at the 
same time, but he will have enough of them to 
make him feel languidly miserable. He is not sick 
and he certainly is not well-he usually gets laughed 
at for laziness. He may imagine that some serious 
disease is pending and become the victim of some 
advertising shark, who will hurl at his head a list 
of names of formidable diseases, no one of which he 
understands. It is no wonder he becomes alarmed 
at his condition and falls an easy prey to the shark. 163 
The condition is a very simple one and usually 
easily rectified. It is one of lack of excretion of 
the products of the natural wastes of all the tissues 
of the body. There is going on in the system a 
constant breaking down of old and building up of 
new tissues. The blood, reinforced by new ele- 
ments from the food taken, carries its new building 
material to every part of the system and there 
builds it into the new structure. The old material, 
which has served its purpose, is cut out under that 
strange power we call life and is redissolved by the 
blood and carried away to the lungs, to the bowels, 
to the kidneys and to the skin, there to be excreted. 
The office of the blood, as it goes to the tissues, is 
that of a builder; as it goes back it is that of a 
scavenger. Now, in the conditions described above, 
there has been some interference with these pro- 
cesses of building up and removing the waste. The 
tissues everywhere are full of old material that 
ought to go away, like a stove full of ashes and 
clinkers. With the stove you clean it out-why 
not with the man? 
There are well-known medicines that promote 
those changes by stimulating vital action. They 
assist the excretory organs to first unload the blood 
of its excess of waste products. When this is 
done it goes in healthy streams to the tissues 
everywhere and taking up the changing particles 
from those tissues carries them back to the excre- 
tory organs to be there unloaded. This process con- 
tinues hourly and daily till all the tissues have been 
relieved of their superfluous "clinkers" and the. 
equal sway of repair and waste has been again 
established. Now, this is easy to understand, and 
practically it is known already. From every neigh- 
borhood there is some one going away every few 164 
weeks to some hot spring for Rheumatism, or 
Syphilis, or Gout, or Scrofula, to be cured by the 
water. They go there, and by daily baths in the 
hot water and by drinking large quantities of it, 
stimulate the skin, the kidneys and the bowels to 
eliminate the poisons stored up in the system. And 
they get relief, too. 
The processes they follow are similar to those 
which I am advising in a more economical way. 
You may not be able to afford the time and the 
money cost to go to the hot spring for two or four 
weeks, but you can get the vegetable diet that the 
hot springs physician would put you upon; you can 
have the occasional hot bath taken in your own 
home to keep the skin clear, and you can take the 
out-of-door exercise necessary for good digestion. 
In the No. 21 is a combination of tho<e medi- 
cines which are known to stimulate these processes 
of tissue change and to stimulate the elimination 
of the waste. From these actions we call it our 
"Tonic-Eliminant." You will find it of the widest 
range of usefulness of any preparation in the Cab- 
inet. There is not space here to name every condi- 
tion under which it should be used and it is not 
necessary, if you once understand the range of its 
action. In Scrofula, Syphilis, Chronic Rheuma- 
tism, Chronic Constipation, billiousness, sores with- 
out apparent cause, mental depression, weakened 
digestive powers and a host of allied conditions, 
great benefit will be received from an occasional 
course of ten days or two weeks of this incompar- 
able Tonic-Eliminant. 
You have in No. 21 the supply bottle; in No. 21| 
a twelve ounce bottle prepared ready for use. The 
dose for an adult is two teaspoonfuls three times a 
day, and for a child twelve years old one teaspoon- 165 
ful three times a day, and for a child six years old 
one-half teaspoonful three times a day and for a 
child one year old ten to fifteen drops three times 
a day. If it proves too laxative reduce the dose 
till there are no more than two evacuations daily. 
To replenish bottle No. 21^ when empty, take 
from No. 21 three ounces (using your graduate). 
To this add three ounces of water and six ounces of 
white sugar syrup. To make that white sugar 
syrup dissolve equal parts by measure of granulated 
sugar and water, raise the whole to a boiling 
temperature. This will be your syrup, and can be 
used either in preparing No. 21 or the cough mix- 
ture No. 4. 
There will be some cases in which the syrup will 
be objectionable to the stomach and palate. For 
such a like quantity of water alone can be added, 
but the action of the medicine is best with the 
syrup. 166 
BOOK V. 
SKIN DISEASES. 
CHAP. I, Poisoning by Poison Ivy. 
Not all people are injured by this plant. Some 
cannot come upon the windy side of it at the proper 
season of the year without suffering severely. The 
poison is readily conveyed by means of the hands to 
other portions of the body, so that it very frequently 
happens that parts of the body covered by clothing 
suffer at the same time as face and hands by being 
secondarily poisoned. The poison acts quickly, a 
few hours being sufficient to make itself manifest. 
The parts affected first swell and become red, then 
they quickly blister, usually, with small pin-head 
sized sacks of water. These sacks may run together 
and make large blisters, giving the appearance of 
Erysipelas. The history of the attack, with the 
rapid development of the little blisters and the 
equal development at all parts of the inHamed 
patch is sufficient to distinguish it from Erysipelas 
which begins in a small spot and spreads evenly 
from the edges. (See chapter upon Erysipelas.) 
The appearance of the same eruption on two or 
more portions of the body at the same time is 
enough to make sure of the difference between the 
two diseases. Itching and pain are common symp- 
toms and sometimes there is much swelling. When 
on the face it is no uncommon thing to have the 167 
eyes closed by the swelling. The time it lasts is 
quite variable, mild cases recovering in four or five 
days, while severe ones run for three weeks. 
TREATMENT. 
Cold water is one of the best application for it 
in its early stages. It should be applied by wring- 
ing cotton cloths in the cold water and spreading 
them upon the inflamed surface, changing them 
often enough to keep them cold. 
Get down Tablet No. 8 and dissolve sixteen of 
them in four ounces of water. Take a tine, soft 
cloth large enough to cover the inflamed patch, one 
thickness, and dipping it into the solution, wring it 
as dry as you can with the hand and spread it upon 
the patch. Over this lay another cloth, wet with 
ordinary cold water. As soon as the cloths get hot 
renew the upper one by dipping it again. The 
cloth dipped in the solution of No. 8 need not be 
dipped oftener than once an hour. Keep up this 
wash till the inflammation begins to subside, the 
blisters have discharged and there is a tendency to 
dry into crusts, if left alone. Then drop your 
lotion and use the ointment, which you will find in 
No. 19, freely so long as any application is needed. 
Of course, you will look after the general health 
of the patient. If the bowels need it, open them 
with a single tablet of No. 2, repeating it every six 
hours till results are gotten. 
CHAP. II. Eczema. (Scald Head, Salt Rheum, 
Milk Crust and various other names.) 
This is a very common disease, particularly in 
children. No portion of the body is exempt from 168 
it, and this very fact has given rise to the many 
names under which it is known, but you will most 
frequently see it upon the heads of babies. The 
disease occurs in a hundred different forms, but 
there is one characteristic by which you can dis- 
tinguish it every time. It begins in a little blister, 
which soon breaks, letting the water out and then 
dries down into a scab. There are other scaly dis- 
eases that may look like it, but the one difference 
for you to watch for is the wetness of it in one 
stage of its development, the weeping of the erup- 
tion as it is called. More or less infiltration and 
thickening of the skin beneath and about it is also 
present. It always itches and becomes very 
annoying as well as unsightly. We will have noth- 
ing to do with the extensive classification of it 
wherein it is shown that it occurs in macules, in 
papules, in vescicles, in pustules, and in various 
other lesions, but will go at once to directions for 
what to do for it when it occurs on the baby's head, 
In all cases there are more or less crusts, or 
scales, which must be removed. It is as well to 
begin this process by softening them with ointment 
taken from No. 19. Put it on freely and fit a night 
cap to the head to protect the clothing. 
The next day, wash it thoroughly with soap and 
water, removing all the crusts possible. Do not 
tear them off to leave bleeding points, but again 
apply the ointment of No. 19 and wait another day. 
By this time the surface will be sufficiently clean to 
begin using a lotion made by dissolving one blue 
tablet of No. 12 in two ounces of soft water and 
moistening the part thoroughly. Remember this 
solution would be poisonous if swallowed. It 
should be put into a bottle and properly labeled. 
After this lotion has dried put on your ointment 169 
again from No. 19. So go on daily cleansing the 
surface with water, applying your lotion made from 
No. 12 and your ointment from No. 19. If, after 
using No. 19 a few days, it should seem to irritate 
the sore, drop it and use No. 18 in its place, but No. 
19 will irritate in but few cases. 
If the child is in bad health from improper food, 
it had best be shown to the family physician, for 
that is getting into a realm where this book and 
Cabinet is not fitted to take us. Any of the com- 
mon troubles, like Diarrhoea or Constipation, can 
be corrected by referring to the chapters upon 
those subjects. There is one short chapter, how- 
ever, upon Feeding of Children, which you can con- 
sult (page 153). 
The same disease occurring elsewhere, and in 
adults, can be successfully managed in the same 
way. 
Also, give No. 21| a teaspoonful three times a 
day to a child twelve years old; younger, smaller 
doses. Continue it ten days. 
CHAP. III. Pimples (Acne). 
This affection is very annoying to young people. 
It seldom occurs in children and is equally rare 
after twenty-five years of age, but just during those 
years when boys and girls are most sensitive about 
their personal appearance, they are made quite 
miserable by a constantly occurring crop of disfig- 
uring pimples. Let it be understood once for all 
that there is no radical cure for them, but much 
can be done to limit their growth and save the 
sensitiveness of the victims of Acne. 170 
The causes of them are many. Aside from the 
direct cause, as given in the development of 
adolescence, there may be named as causes, general 
debility, indigestion, neglect of the skin, constipa- 
tion, etc., each one of which functions must be 
looked to before alleviation of the symptoms may 
be expected. In most cases it will be found that 
constitutional treatment is first needed and should 
be tried in all cases where there is any suspicion of 
lowered vitality from Constipation, indigestion, 
menstrual disorders, or lack of an abundant supply 
of pure blood. 
To all cases who have any of these conditions, 1 
would give a pretty thorough course of No. 21|, two 
teaspoonfuls three times a day, kept up for ten 
days or two weeks. I would then drop it for a like 
time and then give it again in the same way. If 
there is Constipation, read thoroughly the chapter 
upon that subject and regulate yourself accordingly. 
No. 21| may prove quite laxative when given for 
that length of that time. If so, lessen the dose till 
it can be taken with only one daily movement of 
the bowels following. So much for the general 
treatment; the rest is local. 
Every night before going to bed, wash the face 
thoroughly with hot water and a good strong soap. 
Use a cloth to wash with and after dipping it into 
the very hot water; hold it for some time against 
the face (or the part affected). This will soften up 
the skin and open the pores which are for the 
natural outlet for the pimples and which are now 
closed. Go over the face carefully (before the glass 
in the front of your Cabinet) and squeeze out the 
contents of each one of the forming pimples before 
it has gotten sore. You call these blackheads. 
They are only dried plugs of discharge sticking in 171 
the openings which later will suppurate. Handle 
them as carefully as you can, but get them out, 
taking plenty of time and hot soap and water. In 
the morning wash the face with cold water and 
rub it till the reaction comes, making it warm and 
red. For a lotion to the face after fixing it at night 
dissolve two blue tablets of No. 12 in four ounces 
of soft water. Remember this preparation would 
be poisonous if swallowed. Put it into a bottle 
and label it. With a little fluff of cotton moisten 
the whole surface of the face or other part affected 
with the pimple, and let it dry. A little corn starch 
then added to the face completes the dressing for 
the night. Following'this up will very largely pre- 
vent the embarasing appearance during the years 
when the disease is prevalent and at a later time it 
will disappear of its own accord. 
CHAP. IV. Ringworm. 
This affection is due to the growth of a small 
fungus plant upon the skin, producing more or less 
irritation. It is planted in a given spot and spreads 
outward in every direction, thus being in the main 
circular. The middle is the oldest part, often 
ripens and dies there, while the outside continues 
to spread. This gives it the appearance of a ring. 
There are quite a number of different forms of it, 
that is, forms that are caused by different plants, 
but all look very much alike. Some of these plants 
grow upon the surface of the skin, like common 
ringworm, and hence are easily killed, while others 
grow down in the hair follicles so deep as to be 172 
reached only by pulling out the hair. Barber's 
Itch is of this type. 
The treatment resolves itself into one require- 
ment-kill the plant. 
The affected patch is to be thoroughly washed 
with warm water and good strong soap to remove 
every trace of sweat and oil of the skin, and loosen 
every crust and scab which might hide the parasite. 
Then make a solution of Tablet No. 12, by dis- 
solving one tablet in an ounce of water. Apply 
this wash to the spot with a little bit of cotton tied 
to a match for a swab. Be careful to not get it 
upon the well skin, as the solution is pretty strong 
and may burn somewhat. You could burn suf- 
ficiently with it to disfigure the face, if the Ring- 
worm happened to be located there. 
The object of the solution is to kill the plant and 
so you must use the solution strong enough to 
accomplish that purpose. The next day, remove 
the scabs, if any have formed, and wash it again 
with the solution. After each of these washings, 
anoint it with a salve, which you will prepare as 
follows: Crush one of Tablet No. 12 and take out 
a mass of salve as large as a hickory nut from No. 
18. Rub these thoroughly together and use the 
resulting ointment to grease the affected spot after 
the washing. After about two applications, let it 
alone for three or four days. By that time you can 
see just where to go after it again in the same way. 
Keep after it till it is all gone. Since it is a plant 
growing upon the skin it is simply foolish to take 
medicines internally for it, as is heard so frequently 
recommended by those who are not posted. 173 
CHAP, V. Hives, Nettle Rash. Prickly Heat. 
This very common affection shows itself most 
generally either in summer time or in winter 
when the patient is too warmly dressed or is 
engaged in work that produces copious sweating, 
but it may come at any time and under almost any 
conditions. It comes out in little raised blotches 
or welts which are white upon the flat top. They 
itch and burn tremenduously. They come out in 
separate patches, but by scratching they frequently 
spread and thicken till they run together. The 
welts come and go very rapidly, being replaced by 
others which last but an equally short time. They 
occur anywhere on the body and at all periods of 
life, but are more common upon poorly nourished 
persons than upon the robust. Sometimes by 
scratching the tops of the welts are torn off and are 
covered as a consequence by blood crusts. 
The disease is ordinarily very sudden in its onset 
and lasts but a short time, but in rare cases it may 
become chronic and the welts, being torn open by 
scratching, are irritated till they suppurate, giving 
rise to pimples like little boils. It is sometimes 
very persistent. 
Its causes are to be looked for in the digesfive 
tract, or in women and girls in the menstrual 
function. 
TREATMENT. 
The first thing to do is to hunt up the cause. It 
may be some form of food, which is disagreeing, or 
it may be any form of deranged bowels, but par- 
ticularly constipation. If any of those causes exist 
they should first be rectified according to directions 
given in the appropriate chapters in this book. It 174 
may be necessary to change all woolen underwear 
for cotton. Numerous forms of baths have been 
recommended for it by the various writers upon 
diseases of the skin. Here are some of them- 
sponging the parts with vinegar and water, with 
salt and water, with alcohol and water, etc. Alco- 
hol in full strength will sometimes allay that trou- 
blesome itching when nothing else will. Some- 
times the application of dry cornstarch abundantly 
will do the same thing, but the best of all the 
applications is the ointment of No. 19 of the Cabi- 
net. These, of course, are only temporary make- 
shifts until the cause in the bowels or elsewhere 
can be found and removed. (See the various chap- 
ters upon Diarrhoea, Constipation, Painful Menstru- 
ation, etc., according to the function that is out of 
order.) When all these are investigated and found 
to be in fairly good working order, there will still 
remain a number of cases, due simply to general 
lowered tone of the system. Such cases should 
take No. 21^ for ten days or two weeks. If it 
should prove too laxative in the dose of two tea- 
spoonfuls to an adult three times a day and half 
that quantity to a child twelve years old, lessen the 
dose till the bowels are regular at one or two 
movements daily. After stopping it for a couple of 
weeks, begin again and take is as long as before. 175 
BOOK VI. 
CHAP. I. Minor Surgery. 
Don't fail to make yourself familiar with the 
details given in this chapter. 
You have in the Cabinet all the material that 
you will need for the dressing of the thousand and 
one small injuries, such as cuts, burns, bruises, etc., 
which are occurring almost daily in every family. 
Right on the start let it be understood that any old 
rags will not do to dress a wound with, and you 
must prepare for yourself a small piece of old, clean 
cloth-fold it up and roll it inside of your bundle 
of medicated cotton, where it will be in readiness 
against the time of need. Do it right away, and 
when that is used up, prepare another piece to put 
in its place. Take a piece of an old sheet, a well 
worn and thin one is far better than new, because 
it is softer. Have it thoroughly washed and boiled 
till it is absolutely clean. A part of it you can lay 
up in the Cabinet, wrapped in paper, for bandages, 
but a part of it, say one yard of cloth, is to be 
further prepared. 
Have eight ounces of boiling hot water in a bowl 
or porcelain lined kettle (iron will not do at all). 
Dissolve in this boiling water two of the blue tab- 
lets of No. 12. Then put your piece of old sheet, 
which you have selected, into this solution. Cover 
it up and let it boil for ten or fifteen minutes. Let 
it cool till you can wring it dry with your hands 176 
and hang it out in the sunshine when no dust is 
flying. (If you want to use it right away you need 
not wait for it to dry. Use it wet.) As soon as it 
is dry, take it from the line, by cutting off every 
part that has touched the line. Be sure your own 
hands are clean by dipping them into the solution. 
Fold it up and roll it into the middle of your roll of 
cotton, No. 27. There it will remain ready for use 
when needed. That cloth, and that only, must 
come in contact with any burn or wound of any 
kind. It is free from germs, and without germs 
suppuration can not take place. Keep it in its 
place and keep your cotton roll closed, and the door 
of the Cabinet closed and locked. 
Do not use the Cabinet as a store house for other 
things than those which belong in it-keep all the 
bottles and packages corked or otherwise tightly 
closed. The main object of having the Cabinet at 
all is to have it ready when it is needed, as by a 
wrong use of it, or neglect, you can make it a store 
house of all manner of germs and a curse instead of 
a blessing. Keep your syringes, your droppers, 
your graduates, your tweezers, your shears, right- 
eously clean by boiling, or washing in disinfecting 
solution, every time used, as directed on page 14. 
Don't put your shears, or other meta] instruments, 
into that disinfecting solution made from the blue 
tablets. It will corrode them. If you get them 
wet with it in dressing wounds wash them off with 
clear water and wipe them dry before putting them 
away. Never put your thermometer into its case, 
after using it-in the mouth or elsewhere, without 
washing it in clean water. Don't wipe it with a 
towel-the towel might have germs upon it. The 
instrument is glass and will not rust if put into the 
case wet. Never put. your thermometer into hot 177 
water; you will surely break it if you do, and it will 
cost much more to replace it than you paid for the 
one you have. Don't unroll your surgeon's plaster, 
except as you want to use it, and then with clean 
hands. That plaster goes on with heat and not 
with water. Simply cut it into such strips as you 
need and warming those strips one at a time over 
a lamp or near the fire (do not touch the lamp or 
stove with them), apply them evenly, holding them 
firmly in place for a moment with the fingers - 
after that they will stay till you remove them. 
It is important that you make yourself fully 
acquainted with these details before you can suc- 
cessfully dress ever so small a wound. The one 
virtue of the whole business is freedom from germs 
and all foreign bodies. Ordinary dirt you can see 
and remove with water and your tweezers, but 
germs you can not see and can not remove, so keep 
them from getting in. Never use a sponge, nor an 
old wash rag about a wound, but take a little fluff 
of your medicated cotton for your washing purposes. 
CHAP. II. Cuts and Other Wounds. 
Never daub a wound full of any foreign sub- 
stance, such as tobacco, tar salve, flour, nor anything 
else. First, remove the clothing, if any, about it. 
Then get it into hot.water as soon as possible. 
Before you have time to get to the hot water, if 
there is much bleeding, look carefully where the 
bleeding is coming from and apply pressure with 
the fingers. It may be necessary to tie it up tightly 
with anything available to favor the clotting of the 
blood in the wound till you can get to the material 178 
for properly dressing it, but just so far as possible 
do not let anything dirty touch it. The loss of a 
few ounces of blood cuts but little figure, but the 
tying it up with a dirty handkerchief might 
permanently interfere with its healing. As soon as 
possible, get your hot water in a clean vessel of 
some kind. And old dirty wash dish will not do. 
An earthen washbowl can be washed clean and 
scalded with boiling water. If nowash dish of that 
kind is available, use a large table bowl, or a soup 
plate, or anything else that is absolutely clean. 
Into this put as much water as you need, as hot as 
the patient can stand without scalding. Dissolve 
in it four tablets of No. 12 for each pint of water 
used. If the injury is a very small one you may 
not need to use more than four ounces of water 
and, of course, you would use in that amount but a 
single tablet. Get down your various dressings - 
cotton, surgeon's plaster (No. 24), bandages, scissors, 
tweezer's, etc. Take a small fluff of cotton to use 
as a sponge. Wash the wound well, removing 
every particle of dirt and every foreign substance. 
If there is any spurting of blood, put your sponging 
cotton against the place and hold it there firmly 
with the fingers for a few minutes. Do not be in a 
hurry, there is ample time. 
If the wound still spurts blood upon removing 
pressure, find the exact point from which it spurts 
and pick it up with the points of your tweezers. 
Hold it firmly and twist the tweezers arotmd once, 
thus twisting the little blood vessel which is cut. 
Never tie up a wound while it is spurting ever 
so little. It may ooze blood from the general sur- 
face, but that will do no harm. Only spurting or 
jetting of blood is to be fully stopped before doing 
it up. If the wound is on the head, or elsewhere 179 
where hair grows, the razor must be used or the 
hair must be cut away with the scissors for a con- 
siderable space on each side to allow room for the 
application of plasters. Be sure that none of the 
hair is left in the wound. If there is any doubt 
about getting it perfectly clean, use your small 
syringe and squirt water with considerable force 
into the wound. The water will not hurt it, but do 
not scrub with the cotton sponge. If the wound is 
a ragged one and there are small shreds of torn 
flesh lying in it trim them off with the scissors, but 
do not trim away any portion of skin. Straighten 
that out to cover as much as possible-it will grow 
all right and save much time in the healing process. 
When you are satisfied that the wound is absolutely 
clean and the bleeding has mainly ceased (it may 
be necessary to prepare a second or third dish of 
hot water) and the hair, if any, removed for a dis- 
tance of nearly an inch from each side of the cut, 
you are ready to apply the dressings. 
With the fingers pressed against the sides of the 
cut, bring the edges together. You will see by this 
movement how the plasters are to be applied. Use 
your judgment as to how to put them on to hold the 
lips of the wound together. It is often a good plan to 
put a narrow strip of plaster on each side of the cut 
as long as, or a little longer, than the cut, parallel 
to the cut, but not over it. Under no circumstances 
must the cut be so covered as to not be in plain 
view, as the plaster would thus confine the dis- 
charges, which will occur later. It must have free 
drainage. Now, cut some very narrow strips, from 
one-fourth inch, down to one-sixteenth inch in 
width (always lengthwise of the roll) according to 
the size of the wound and put them crosswise 
of the wound and the parallel strips put on 180 
before. As these are put on the lips of the wound 
must be drawn tightly together and held firmly by 
the cross strips. Use as many cross strips as may 
be needed to so hold it. All these plasters are put 
on by heat and the skin should be dry before apply- 
ing them. When properly put on they are better 
than stitches. Slanting cuts in the fingers are often 
best closed by a narrow strip (one-eighth inch) wound 
diagonally about the member as it will go smoothly. 
Every different wound, however, must be dressed 
according to its location and nature and your own 
judgment must show you what to Ho. If your first 
trial don't succeed in the one thing needed of hold- 
ing the edges well together, take off the plasters 
and try again in a slightly different way. When 
you are satisfied that the wound is closed as well 
as it can be from the nature of the accident, cover 
the surface of it with plenty of the salve taken 
from No. 18. Get your cloth which you have pre- 
pared and rolled up in your cotton roll, (see page 
175) and cut a piece of it large enough to cover the 
whole wound, but not enough to be bulky. Peel 
off a smooth layer of cotton from the roll (a pretty 
generous piece) and put upon that. Do not put 
the cotton next to the wound, because the fibers 
will stick in it and dry, giving you much trouble to 
remove them when you come to dress it next time. 
Around the whole put a bandage (No. 26) of a 
width corresponding to the nature of the cut and its 
location. There is a constant tendency among the 
uninitiated to use too wide a bandage. 
More roller bandages can readily be made from 
the part of 'that old clean sheet wrapped up in 
paper and laid up in the Cabinet as directed on 
on page 175. 
The wound is now dressed and should not be 181 
disturbed for two or three days, unless the dressings 
become disturbed, or there is so much discharge 
from the wound as to make the dressings unsightly 
or uncomfortable. To redress it, do exactly as 
before, but do not remove those strips of adhesive 
plaster at all till the wound is healed, then carefully 
pull them off by lifting each end toward the wound 
so as not to break the newly formed flesh. 
Of course, very deep wounds and very extensive 
ones must be turned over to the surgeon, who will 
putin deep stitches through the flesh, but ninety 
per cent of all the small surgery about the home can 
be done just as well by yourselves as by the best 
surgeon in the world. Don't get flurried, but take 
your time. AU will be well. Ordinarily the edges 
heal together at once and in a very few days the 
whole will be well. Sometimes that early healing 
is interfered with by some cause known or unknown 
and the wound remains open. Under such circum- 
stances it should be dressed once a day in the same 
way, to keep it clean till it has time to heal from 
the bottom. 
CHAP. III. Burns and Scalds. 
These injuries are very painful and often cause 
much interference with the general health from 
their severity and the shock to the whole system. 
Of course, any extensive burn or scald should be 
referred to the physician, but by no means should 
it be left undressed waiting his arrival. In the 
general works on surgery there are long discussions 
upon the depths of the injuries produced, in which 
the injuries are graded in degree. This is all right 182 
from a scientific point of view, because it gives a 
probability of the length of time before healing can 
take place. You can not make these distinctions; 
neither can the surgeon until some time has gone 
by and at any rate, the dressing of all is the same. 
As in cuts and wounds of all kinds the first pro- 
cedure is cleansing thoroughly. Get some cold 
water in an absolutely clean vessel. (An earthen 
wash bowl is a good one, but any dish not made 
of metal will do if absolutely clean.) Scald it out 
with boiling water first, to know that it is free from 
all germs. Into your cold water put some blue tab- 
lets of No. 12, four for each pint of water used. 
Take a small pledget of cotton from No. 27 to 
use for a sponge and thoroughly wash the whole 
burn, removing all foreign substances. Sometimes 
you may need to use your larger glass syringe to 
wash portions of the injury. If there are blisters, 
take a bright clean needle and after dipping it into 
your washing water, make a number of little holes 
in the raised skin to let the water leak out, but do 
not try to squeeze the blisters, and by no means 
remove any of the loose skin. It is a better 
dressing to the injured flesh below than you can 
make. When clean, it is ready for the dressing. 
Get down No. 19 and apply it freely over the whole 
burned surface. 
The object is to exclude the air, so use plenty of 
the salve. Always separate fingers and toes, because 
if dressed together they will be pretty apt to heal 
together and have to be cut apart later. Get your 
piece of prepared cloth, which you have rolled up 
in your cotton package (prepared as directed on 
page 175), and cut a piece of it large enough to 
cover the whole burn, one thickness only. If the 
injury is to the hand or foot, it may be necessary 183 
to use a separate piece for each finger or toe. At any 
rate, let the cloth come between any two adjoining 
injured members. This cloth is to protect the burn 
from getting stuck full of shreds of cotton, which 
is to go on next. Strip off a smooth layer of your 
cotton (a pretty thick piece) and wrap it around 
the whole, thus keeping, out the air. Fasten the 
cotton in place by a roller bandage, No. 26, of a 
width appropriate to the injury. Let the whole 
dressing stay on for two or three days. Then 
remove it carefully by soaking it off with tepid 
water, in which you have dissolved some more blue 
tablets (No. 12, four being used to the pint of 
water). Cleanse the whole thing again as before, 
and dress it exactly as directed at first. If there 
are still raised blisters upon it, prick them as before, 
but do not tear off the skin. Repeat the operation 
of dressing once in two days; that is often enough. 
If there is very intense pain one or two tablets 
of No. 3 can be given once in four hours to quiet 
that pain, but it is best to get along with all ordin- 
ary cases without using a pain killer. 
If the bowels are constipated, they had better 
be opened up by taking Tablet No. 1. Take three 
for the first dose and one every hour thereafter till 
the bowels move. They ought to move in six or 
eight hours. If they do not do so by that time, 
drop the tablets and take a teaspoonful of No. 13, 
dissolved in a half a glass of hot water. This dose 
should be repeated once in two hours till the 
bowels move. 
Of course, any very deep burn, or one covering 
a very large surface, should be given into the hands 
of the doctor, as there are liable to be intestinal 
complications connected with it, or the skin may 
be so badly injured as to require skin-grafting, but 184 
the ordinary every day burns will do just as well 
under the above dressings as under that of the 
doctor. 
Everybody knows what a Bruise is, so no time 
need be spent in describing it. There may be a 
Bruise by which no mark is left, or there may bean 
oozing of blood under the skin which turns dark 
colored after a day or two (a black and blue spot) 
or the injury may be deep enough to cause sup- 
puration and abscess. There is not very much 
to do for a simple Bruise. The quick application 
of hot water which is to be kept up continuously, 
from one to three hours, will do as much as any- 
thing can to prevent discoloration and soreness. If 
the Bruise has been upon the nail to the finger or toe 
causing it to turn black immediately, it is because 
blood has poured out under the nail. Under such cir- 
cumstances take your scissors, and using the sharp 
point drill a little round hole right through the nail 
by turning the scissors around like a screw. It will 
not hurt a particle. As soon as the point is through 
the nail the loose blood swells up and the pressure is 
relieved. Then apply the hot water as before. 
In case any bruise shows signs of suppuration, 
apply a hot poultice and as soon as the abscess 
shows a soft light spot in the middle open it with 
any clean sharp knife. I say clean knife and to bs 
clean it must be boiled for a few minutes to kill 
germs. 
The Bruise now takes the name of abscess. 
Wash out the abscess with a solution made by dis- 
CHAP. IV. Bruises. 185 
solving a single blue tablet of No. 12 in four ounces 
of water, using your glass syringe to introduce the 
solution into the abscess. Treat a boil in the same 
manner, it has probably come from a Bruise too. 
Wash it out daily with this cleansing solution. No 
other treatment is required except to keep it pro- 
tected by bandages exactly like a wound. (See 
wounds.) 
Bruises about the joints may be very long in 
getting well. Rest is the sovereign remedy for them 
after long immersion in hot water. A thorough 
rubbing and kneading with the fingers daily will 
often do much after they have existed a few days 
to hasten their recovery. While rubbing, annoint 
the surface of the skin with the material in No. 18. 
It is not for the medical properties in the salve but 
to protect the skin against becoming sore from 
much kneading. Much money is often spent for 
liniments for such injuries but you will notice they 
are always to be applied with thorough rubbing. 
It is the rubbing that does the good and not the 
liniment. This perfectly bland ointment will ac- 
complish the same purpose. 
CHAP. V. Sprains. 
A Sprain is the result of a sudden wrenching 
(and perhaps breaking) of one or more ligiments, or 
cords, that bind the joints. The back, the wrists, 
the ankles, are the most frequent location of Sprains. 
They occur in all degrees of seriousness, from a 
simple, painful wrench which is gone in a minute 
to severe rupture of large ligiments which do not 
recover for years. Usually there is no trouble in 186 
distinguishing a Sprain from a break of a bone by 
simply noticing that there is no deformity and that 
the joint moves naturally without any rough, 
crackling sensation, which there would be if a bone 
were broken. Immediate and long continued appli- 
cation of hot water gives the surest first relief from 
the pain. The foot, or the hand, can be immersed 
indefinitely in wash dish, or tub, while more hot 
water is added from time to time to keep the 
temperature up to the degree which can be borne 
by the patient. Sprains to the shoulder or back 
are not so easily handled, but by putting the 
patient to bed he can be packed about with bottles, 
filled with hot water, until he gets the same effect. 
This application of heat will do as much as anything 
to prevent the discoloration that frequently follows 
a severe Sprain. Next after the hot water, and at 
all times an absolute necessity, is rest. The joint 
should be kept as immobile as possible. It should 
be wrapped about with an evenly fitting roller 
bandage (No. 26) as tightly as is possible without 
cording the hand, or foot, so the nails turn blue. 
Many times it is well to put several long strips of 
pasteboard, one or two inches wide, along the limb 
and bandage around them to get their help as 
splints in holding the joints firmly. Once or twice 
a day remove the bandages and again apply the hot 
water for an hour or two, after which the bandages 
should be put back. 
After the soreness and pain have partially sub- 
sided, and the swelling has gone down, much can 
be done by systematic rubbing and kneading of the 
parts, now gently moving the joints a little each 
day, but not too much to increase its soreness. 
Keep the bandage on to keep the member at rest 
till so nearly well as to occasion no pain when 187 
given its ordinary use. While rubbing the parts it 
is well to use some of the ointment in No. 18 to 
prevent the friction from making the skin sore. 
Liniments do no good to a Sprain. It is the rub- 
bing with which they are put on that does the 
good. Sprains are often long in getting well; a bad 
one being worse than a fracture. 
When the Sprain occurs in the muscles of the 
back you have no opportunity to bandage it and it 
is here that a closely adhering plaster doesits good 
work, by serving as a mechanical support to the 
joints involved. In No. 28 you have a package of 
plasters prepared for this purpose. They go on by 
heat and hold firmly till removed by the hand. 
Sprains can be severe enough to cause abscess 
of the joints, particularly in scrofulous children. 
Any Sprain so severe as not to recover within a 
reasonable time should be referred to a good physi- 
cian, but most of them recover readly when put 
upon the treatment given. 188 
TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
PAGE 
Preface 3 
The Cabinet and its Contents 1 
Book I-Diseases of the Alimentary Tract 15 
Classification 
(Group 1)-Diarrhoeas 15 
(a) From Improper Food 17 
(b) Poisonous Substances 30 
(c) Changes in the Weather 31 
(d) Mental Conditions 31 
(Group 2)-Diseases Mainly Infectious 32 
Sore Mouths 32 
Simple Cramps in Bowels 34 
Congestion of Liver 36 
Appendicitis 39 
Ordinary Inflammation of Bowels 44 
Constipation 46 
Piles 51 
Typhoid Fever 1 53 
Chap. I-(Group 1)-Diarrhoeas 15 
(a as above)-(1) In Children 
1. Acute Digestive Diarrhoea 
II. Cholera Infantum 
III. Inflammation of the Bowels 
(2) In Adults : 
IV. Acute Digestive Diarrhoea 
V. Cholera Morbus 
VI. Inflammation of Bowels 
(b as above)-Poisonous Substances 
(c as above) Changes in Weather 
(d as above)-Mental Conditions 
(Group 2)-Mainly Infectious Diseases 189 
Chap. II-Sore Mouths 32 
1. Nursing Sore Mouth 
2. Ulcerated Sore Mouth with Patches 
3. Thrush 
Chap. III.-Simple Cramps in the bowels (without 
fever) 34 
Chap. IV-Congestion of the Liver 36 
1. Obstruction of Circulation 
2. Gall Stones 
Chap. V-Appendicitis 39 
Chap. VI-Ordinary Inflammation of Bowels 44 
Chap. VII-Constipation ... 46 
Chap. VIII-Piles 51 
Chap. IX-Typhoid Fever 53 
Book II-Diseases of the Respiratory Organs 64 
Chap. I-Simple Cold 64 
Chap. II-Bronchitis 66 
Chap. Ill-Simple Cough, without fever 70 
Chap. IV-Inflammation of the Throat 70 
1. Simple Sore Throat 
2. Sore Throat with Exudation 
Chap. V-Quinsy 75 
Chap. VI-False Croup 77 
Chap. VII-True or Membraneous Croup 79 
Chap. VIII-Diphtheria 80 
Chap. IX-Pleurisy 85 
Chap. X-Pneumonia..J 89 
Chap. XI-Consumption 94 
Book III-Eruptive and Infectious Fevers 103 
Chap. I-General Conditions 103 
Chap. II-Scarlet Fever 106 
Chap. Ill-Measles 113 
Chap. IV-Chicken Pox 115 
Chap. V- Small Pox 118 
Chap. VI-Mumps 120 
Chap. VII-Whooping Cough 122 
Chap. VIII-Erysipelas 125 
Chap. IX-Grip 128 190 
Chap. X-Malaria 131 
Chap. XI-Rheumatism 137 
1. Acute > 
2. Subacute 
3. Chronic 
4. Muscular 
(a) Lumbago 
(b) Stiff Neck 
(c) Pleurodynia 
Book IV-Miscellaneous Chapters 148 
Chap. I-Inflammation of the Eyes 148 
Chap. II-Irritation of Kidneys and Bladder 151 
Chap. Ill-Nervous Headache 151 
Chap. IV-The Feeding of Children 153 
Chap. V-Delayed and Painful Menstruation 156 
Chap. VI-Convulsions or Spasms 158 
Chap. VII-Impure Blood from Imperfect Excretion. 161 
Book V-Skin Diseases 166 
Chap. I-Poisoning by Poison Ivy 166 
Chap. II-Eczema (Scald Head, Milk Crust, etc.) 167 
Chap. Ill-Pimples (acne) 169 
Chap. IV-Ringworm 171 
Chap. V-Nettle Rash, Hives, Prickly Heat 173 
Book VI-Minor Surgery 175 
Chap. I-General Considerations 175 
Chap. II-Cuts' and Other Wounds 177 
Chap. Ill-Burns and Scalds 181 
Chap. IV-Bruises 184 
Chap. V-Sprains 185 191 
INDEX. 
PAGE 
Acne-see Pimples 169 
Acute Digestive Diarrhoea 17 
In Children 17 
Cause 18 
Symptoms 18 
Treatment 18 
In Adults 24 
Cause ... 24 
Symptoms 25 
Treatment ' 27 
Alimentary Tract, Diseases of 15 
Appendicitis 39 
Location of 40 
Symptoms of 41 
Treatment of 42 
Barber's Itch-see Ringworm 171 
Beef Juice-How to Prepare 19 
Bladder-Irritation of 151 
Treatment 151 
Blood, Impure 161' 
Bronchitis 66 
Treatment of 
In Adults 68 
In Children 66 
What it is 66 
Bruises 184 
Burns 181 
Burned Fingers Not to be Dressed Together 182 
Cleansing 182 
Dressing 183 
Medical Treatment of Patient During 183 192 
Cabinet 
Contents of 7 
Necessity of Cleanliness of 176 
Not a Storehouse for Odds and Ends 176 
Chickenpox 115 
Distinction from Smallpox 116 
Symptoms 116 
Treatment 117 
Children-Feeding of 153 
Cholera Infantum 20 
Causes 20 
Food in 22 
Symptoms 20 
Treatment 21 
Cholera Morbus 26 
Causes of 26 
Discharges in 26 
Rice Water Discharges 26 
Symptoms of 26 
Treatment 27 
Cloth Dressings to go Next to Wounds 175 
How to Prepare 175 
Colds 64 
From Change of Temperature 64 
From Foul Air 64 
Management of 65 
Congestive Chills 90 
Constipation 46 
Habit 47 
Influence of Foods in 49 
Influence of Water in 50 
Influence of Habit 48 
Treatment of by Medicine 51 
Consumption 94 
Care to not Spread Germs 99 
Diet in 100 
Furniture of Rooms in 99 
In Domestic Animals 94 
Immunity from in Certain Persons 96 193 
Inheritance of 95 
Influence of Climate Upon 97 
Open Air Occupations Necessary in 98 
Prevalence of 95 
Temperature and Ventillation of Rooms in 98 
Convulsions 158 
Significance of 158 
Treatment of 159 
Cough Syrup 8 
Directions for Preparing 8 
With Syrup 8 
Without Syrup 8 
Dose of 69 
Cramps in Bowels 34 
Croup 
False 77 
Symptoms 77 
Treatment 78 
True or Membranous 79 
Identity of, with Diphtheria 79 
Location of Membrane in 81 
Symptoms of 81 
Treatment of 82 
Cuts-see Wounds 177 
Diarrhoea 
Classification of 15 
From Change of Weather 31 
From Improper Food 17 
From Mental Conditions 31 
From Poisonous Substances 30 
In Adults-Acute Digestive 24 
In Children-Acute Digestive 17 
Summer of 22 
Diphtheria 80 
Antiseptic Bath for Hands in 84 
Antitoxin in 80 
Cleansing Throat in 83 
Exudation of 83 
Feeding in 85 194 
Membranes of 81 
Severity of _ ... 80 
Symptoms of 81 
Treatment of 82 
Diseases, Alimentary Tract 15 
Dressings for Wounds 178 
How to Prepare 180 
Droppers, Medicine 14 
Precaution Against Injury to 14 
Eczema 167 
Treatment of 168 
Egg Albumen 19 
How to Prepare 19 
Emetic-Powdered Alum as an 30 
Ground Mustard as an 30 
Eruptive Fevers 103 
General Considerations in 104 
Erysipelas 125 
Definition 125 
Origin Usually in a Wound _ _ __ . 125 
Suppuration Type 126 
Treatment of 127 
Eyes 148 
Cleansing 149 
Eyewater for ... 149 
Headache from Imperfect 148 
Inflammation of 148 
Styes of the 9 
Foods 
How to Prepare Certain 19 
Coarse as Laxative ... 49 
Gall Stones 38 
Symptoms 38 
Treatment 39 
Germs 104 
Definition of 104 
Freedom from, the One Virtue 106 
Methods of Growth of 105 
Methods of Distrsbution 105 195 
Grip 128 
A Disease of the Nerve Centers 129 
Complications of 130 
Depression from 131 
Lack of Accurate Knowledge of 129 
Length of Attack of 129 
Not a Disease of the Breathing Organs 129 
Spread of 128 
Symptoms of 129 
Treatment of 130 
Headache, Nervous 151 
Hives 173 
Inflammation of Bowels-with Diarrhoea 22 
In Children 17 
Cause 16 
Symptoms 17 
Treatment 18 
In Adults 24 
Causes 25 
Symptoms 25 
Treatment 25 
Inflammation of the Bowels, without Diarrhoea 22 
Causes 22 
Symptoms 22 
Treatment 23 
Inflammation of the Eyes 148 
Inflammation of the Lungs-see Pneumonia 89 
Inflammation of the Throat 70 
Injections for Moving Bowels 50 
Instruments-care of 176 
Intermittent Fever-see Malaria 131 
Kidneys-see Bladder 151 
Lime Water-How to Make 155 
Liver, Congestion of 36 
Treatment 37 
Malaria 131 
Absence of much in our Climate 132 
Chronic Poisoning from 132 
Congestive Chills 133 196 
Fever and Ague 133 
Origin in Mosquitos 133 
Treatment of 135 
Types of . 132 
Typho 135 
Nettle Rash-see Hives 173 
Oat Meal-How to Cook 19 
Piles-Chapter on 51 
Pimples-Chapter on 169 
Plaster-Surgeons, How to put on ... 180 
Pleurisy 85 
Effusion Into the Chest in 86 
Explanation of 86 
Symptoms of 86 
Treatment of 87 
Use of Plaster Bandage in 87 
Pneumonia 89 
Approach with a Chill 90 
Cough in 90 
.Duration of 94 
Red Sputum in 90 
Symptoms of 90 
Treatment of 
Cotton Jacket in 92 
Cough Mixture for 93 
Feeding in 94 
To Open Secretions in 91 
To Control Fever in 91 
Poison Ivy 166 
Preface 3 
Prickly Heat-see Hives 173 
Prepared Foods for Babies 155 
Quinsy 75 
Definition of 75 
Liability of, to Return 75 
Symptoms of 75 
Treatment of 76 
Respiratory Organs, Diseases of 64 197 
Rheumatism 137 
Classification 137 
A Disease of Lack of Excretion 137 
Affection of the Heart in 138 
Acute Inflammatory ___ 138 
Length of Attack 143 
Feeding in 140 
Symptoms of 138 
Treatment of 139 
Subacute Inflammatory 139 
Definition of 139 
Chronic 143 
Diet in 144 
Symptoms of 143 
Treatment of 145 
Muscular 146 
Lumbago. 146 
Pleurodynia 146 
Stiff Neck ... 146 
Treatment 146 
Rice, How to Cook 19 
Rice Water Discharges of Cholera Infantum and Cholera 
Morbus 26 
Ringworm, Chapter on 171 
Salt Rheum-see Eczema 167 
Scald Head-see Eczema 167 
Scalds and Burns, Chapter on 181 
Scarletina-see Scarlet Fever 106 
Scarlet Rash-see Scarlet Fever 106 
Scarlet Fever 106 
Complications of 107 
Danger not in Primary Attack, but in Complica 
tions and Sequels. c 107 
Summary of Treatment 112 
Symptoms of 107 
Treatment of 109 
Washing the Throat in 110 
Washing the Instruments Used 176 
Scrofula and Other Forms of Impure Blood 161 198 
Skin Diseases 166 
Eczema 167 
Hives 173 
Ivy Poisoning 166 
Nettle Rash 173 
Pimples 169 
Prickly Heat 173 
Ringworm 171 
Salt Rheum 167 
Smallpox 118 
Distinction from Chickenpox 116 
Isolation of Patient and Nurse 118 
Not fully Treated in this Book 118 
Symptoms of 119 
Treatment, Early 120 
Soap Cones as Laxatives 50 
Sore Mouth 32 
Canker. 33 
Nursing 32 
Ulcerated 33 
Treatment 34 
Sore Throat 71 
How to Wash the Throat in 73 
Semi-Solid Foods Swallowed Best in 75 
Soup-how to Make it 19 
Spasms-see Convulsions 158 
Sprains-Chapter on 185 
Spring, General Debility in 162 
Summer Diarrhoea-see Inflammation of Bowels 22 
Surgery, Minor 175 
General Considerations on 175 
Syringes 14 
How to Disinfect by Boiling 14 
How to Disinfect by Solution 14 
How to Use in the Throat 83 
Thrush 33 
Tonic Laxative Eliminant 164 
How to Prepare 
With Syrup I65 199 
With Whisky 101 
Use of in Bad Blood , 164 
True Croup-see Croup 79 
Typhoid Fever 53 
General Care of. 61 
Germs of 54 
Most Common Symptoms 55 
Nourishment in 62 
Prevention of Infection in 62 
Treatment of 58 
Cold Water Baths in 50 
Typho-Malarial Fever 135 
Water as a Laxative in Constipation 50 
Whooping Cough 122 
Complications of 123 
Dangers in 122 
Feeding in 124 
Symptoms of 122 
Treatment of 124 
Vomiting in 123 
Wounds 177 
Bleeding of 178 
Closing by Adhesive Plasters 179 
Dressing of 180 
Should Never be Closed in by a Plaster 179 
Washing and Disinfecting of. 178