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                 SURGEON GENERAL'S OFFICE
     Fass           LIBRARY

                 Section, MSS       C Floor
                        No. 135955

                                  MONRO (A.)

                                   THE THEORY OF ANATOMY
                                   X    X   X  X     X     X   X   X    X



1
The 
History of Anatomy
Containing a brief Accort
of
The Rise of Progress
From ye carlicst Ages of ye
World by ye [pre???] time
Herein mention is made
of the Several Authors who 
made any considerable Discoveries
or Improvements in this
        
   

2
[Ju?ense] of likewise a charachter 
given of their writings
Together with an apprended  
concering my use of Anatomy 
in ye several child & [illegible]
with an index loge whole
Being of public & Lectures
of W.Ches Mhanse Profesor 
of Anatommy Phongesy & T 
TC: of 58


3
The History of Anatomy
        ___________

        Prolegomena
Analome/p’aralong  
from ava & [te?????] local on 
-gmally imports no one change
Withstanding [illegible] on dividing any 
Body by a change info from 
its almost only applied lovey
-nific of practical science of 
Carfully dividing animals bodies
into their confliment parts


4 
to ye end we may diserver their
several [Hil??ations] Connections
& Manner of ailing; [illegible]
Ancients who first gave this 
Name to ye science never sus
-pected there were any organical 
Bodies excepting Animals they 
therefor applyed ye Word only
to dissecting of Animal Bodies 
but later obs have discovered 
that Plants have organs &
these two as well disposed

5
& Iregularly adapted for per
-forming their Functions as those of Animals
Therefore you will see ye
Word Anatomic useding ye dissecting
of Vegetables as Anatome
[Plantar??] Anatome Radionm 
& where you will notice there is 
always expressly ye explanatory 
Time & ye Subject it 
heats of & [??le?] [w?] applyed
to ye Calling of Animals Bodies
& [w?] of ye Human Body

6
Name alone_____’Tis this gener
-al senfe y.&. I use & this only 
do [illegible] [illegible] in 
a regular & Methodical way
Im able then begin with life they
Flow in healing para flu 
endeavor forehead first in its rise 
& by what means mankind 
because  [illegible] [illegilble] without  
Parks of animals__________
[??condly] its progress how [illegible]
having acquired some family [illegible]
hedged of it proceeded [illegible]


7
highly of Scarce ye samller
Thrill or minute lthreed [as???ed]
without some distinguishing name
In doinng of with all you'll see
I'll be obliged to mention the 
Writed there in but shall so 
manage it as neither to spend
your Time to no Purpose nor 
Cweary ye with a particular De
-tail of 'em all we indeed 
neither could I alone a [illegible]
with my Memory pretend to 
   
  

8
accomplish where fore to oblige
as much as possible. I Worly 
mention Such authors is were 
reputable for being Diserveres 
& Setting Things already Discovereds
in a juster Light by giving 
more exact Definitions
Kindly I shall mention 
ye remarkable Discoveries of 
some considerable parts of ye 
Physicology & ye Author there
-fore who they made no Dis
-coveries in Anatomy e.g.


Having illustrated ye Author of [illegible]
Heart and Lungs never felt these 
parts were known how Thonsand
years before him
This being more History of 
Anatomy than of its Author [illegible]
by Thonsands of 'em who were 
only Gypisers of their Prede
-cesorce What first time 
to touch are ye Motives that 
induced Mankind to spend so 
much Labour & Time in 
Culivating this science in so 
doing I take notice or have

10
Ouasion to mention its near Divi
-sion Effects ye These being 
ended next take a View
of ye Parts of ye Human
Body & what in general can
be said of it from w.e. I shall 
go to particulars where there 
anise considerable Difficulties
where to begin; for such is 
ye Nature of ye parts & 
Such their Dependence on cash 
of that where is not Demons hal

11                            
-ing once without supposing a
Knowledge of Several [illegible] 
dense ye simple as having least
Dependance on [illegible] & as
requiring ye leaft Opervious know
-ledge where also in a Courfory 
way I shall touch a ye uses of 
ye parts we to those who have 
not attended ye Theory of Medi
-cine may serve as a prepara
-tive & as a Memorandium 
to those who already have


12

13
Book [illegible]

Containing ye History of Anatomy from
ye [ca?licst] Ages of ye World to ye
foundinng of ye School al Alexan
-dria

Chap [illegible]
 
Of the Origin of Anatomy & 
of Thales Pyllagoras Em
-perdocled & Calemaon
'Tis long after ye Foundation 
of ye World before we find direct
mention of Performs employed 
in ye Exercise of Anatomy.

14
However both from ye holy serip
-lures & ye Writers of profane 
History we have Pretty strong
Presumptions ye there were in 
ye earlist ages some grop know-
-ledge in ye Parts of ye Human 
Body both from ye History of 
Abel & of Herodolus who Men
-tions ye use of Sanifices even
in ye Ancient Times of ye 
World & of ye Creatures used
for ye Purpose some were 
unclear on Acid of ye hand

15
of on Disfiguration of any of 
ye parts were not offered while
oups were reserved for ye use of 
ye Priest & again oups were
thrown away we never would 
have been done without know
-ledge both of ye [??aliond] Na
-ture & even use of ye Parts 
but all this Time Help was 
not introduced into Food; for
its evident for a pretty long
Time after, ye Vegetables made 
up all ye Have a simple


16
Diet of our Fore Fathers as 
may be gather from many Au
-thors particularly our Melamorpho
-sis the giver a beautiful De
-scription of ye Food of our
first Parents in ye golden 
Age for they eat [??icquid] 
spoke dabel Fellows & in another 
Place [illegible] Monclanag Fa
-ga legibant. How long they con
-tinued this way we can't casily
determine. However its certain
of ye Custom of

eating food prepared by fire was
                               (17)
early introduced to ye World prob
-ably occasioned by ye Savory
Smell it had we sacrificing we 
gave Rise to ye Pullinng to Death
of Animals in a regular way
for Food or in ye Words ye
Butcher That took Place we
certainly afforded Practisers a 
tolerable skill in Anatomy & 
Still must have received an In
-crease from ntta6706kotto of 
ye Greeks & ye Exlispieia of
 
  

18  
The Romans or Latins with is that 
Superstitions Custom of inspecting 
ye Enhails of Beasls in order 
to determine ye Event of un
-dertaking of more than ordi
-nary Consequence from ye ap
-pearances; for Yang were dis-
-cased/particularly ye diver 
it was of darker red colour
than usual; if any parks were 
preternatural or wanting they 
all pretended bad success & if ye 
reverse then all was to happend

19
according to Expectation      
That ye Method of em
-balming Bodies was very early 
practises in Egypt both sacred
History & Profane Authors inform
us; for in ye one we are told
Iosephis Body was embalmed 
by ye Physicians in Egypt
& an ancient Historian Herodu
-tus informes us of ye Several 
methods used in so doing in general 
(for they had many ways,) they 

20
look out ye Intestines opened all 
ye Cavities Hence exhausting their
Contents walking & cleaning 'em 
well stuffed 'em with spicenies also 
they made large Incisions into ye
telling parts of ye Body we they
seasoned & wrapt uplight with 
Rollers whereby ye Parts were 
also impregnated with ye Condi
-ment as to remain uncorrupted
a very long Time
Hence ye see y.&. to the Susifices 

21
ye Butcher Shade & Method                               
of embalming Anatomy owes
its first Rise & as to the 
Defenceless start of mankind
at first beinng without Houses
Ploathes & subjected 'em selves 
to Injuries so it must necessa
-rily have convinced to ye Culli
-vating our Science; for as of 
necessily they must have been 
made hable to Wounds &
Bunifes ye one can't

22 
help supporting these wounded
some always ready to undertand
their cure who also thro' a trait
of Experience must have learned
some what ye Human Mecha
[-ni???]
To all these we may add 
ye Bent of Inclination strongly 
implanted in all of us to be ac
-quanited with any thing particul
-arly in ye Works of Nature
This Inflict Principle
or what ye please we Plato justly 
terms Oavjuabia [?ml] those

23
first men on many different          
ways of being acquainted with arts 
& Sciences wilnep ye many long 
& dangerous Voyages made in 
ancient ages vir Pythagoras
Democritus Flipp throughout 
Discovered. Pay who handled
in search of Knowledge: Hence 
we begin to see ye. Think of 
their Endeavours in several Inflames
particularly in ye plain Proof of 
[??acliles] forbearing to eat of ye
[illegible] of ye arm with is


24
first in ye Caleameum because
of its being wounded in Jacob we 
in telling with ye Angel
Homer also every where in his Ballads
gave finally good Defintions of ye 
Parts he mention
Thus engineering ye Knowledge of 
Anatomy in his Days
For Inflance Memmories spear
was thought into Phoreclus Hip
prefering by ye Bone wounded 
ye Bladder
Another is w.n. Dimedes throw
     

 
 -ing a slone at Oneas broke ye 
25
-ing astone at Oneas broke ye.                                
Strong Ligament connectinng ye 
Thigh Bone Pacelabulam Cox
-indicis had not his Mother God
-des undertaken ye Care & 
perfected it  He must have 
been lame ever after it & another 
still more remarkable where 
Eunphis drives his spear into
ye left Hyportrond & wounded
ye large vessels soley ye Efflux 
of Blood he died
Herodotus [als??a?es] ye Cam
    

26
Gyles [illegible] of Perlia having
given himself up to Drunknels 
& Debauching was advised by 
his faithful counsellor [?ia]
-dasnes to defict for that there by
among many [illegible] evils he 
should enervate his strenght &
weaken his Judgement, but 
Cambyles being offended at his 
honestly said as a Prof of ye
contrary [illegible] he would shoot his 
son / who was unluckily

27
y.& England endering ye Room/
thro' ye. Heart we he actually 
did  Animal Proof of this 
Knowledge in Anatomy
This much of its indirect Pro
-gress & there it seemed to shop
for a considerable Time without
receiving any increase 'till about
our saviours coming [w?] we 
find some of the ancient Philo
-sophers applying 'em selves 
particualary to ye Art & shedy




28
of this Science as a part of 
Natural Philosophy & of it 
left interlaming Purposeful 
Shidy
This first was Thales ye 
[Mi?e?an] & ye Divine Pythag
-rau who tho' men of exten
five Knowledge had have them tho'
ye most part of ye then known
World in Search of it got nei
-ther of 'em seemed to be 
much acquainted with Anatomy 
    

29
tho' Pythagoras had 2 Jehollaro
who made a great Fig in ye
World not long after on Audit
of their Skill
The first is Empedodes who 
not in my opinion is by some 
said to have prevented Euslanchine
& Fallop the one in the Dis
-covery of ye part called Tuba
Euslachiana & ye [illegible] in the 
Discovery of ye Cochlea of ye 
Ear to ye second spine
Indeed [Eu?lachi??] [a???bes]

30
him ye honour of this Discovery
as he attributes to himself tho'
with equal good ground he might
have afended the Discovery of 
both to him
[Mem?on] of Crolona is 
ye [illegible] Disciple of Pythago
-ras & is said to have been ye 
first Perfom who dissected Ani
-mal Bodies with a view merely 
to unravel their Structure &
this is all we know of him  
 

31
excepting some Philosphical
opinion vir that goals heathed
thro' their Ears & that ye 
To his in there sucks in its 
Nourishment by ye Pores of 
ye skin
The Writing of ye Philo
-sopheres have all been deshoyed
by Injuries & ye great Distance
of Time joy & all this Day
we have nomunument of 
'em remaining but what we 


32 
find in ye Writings of yours
The first who has left any Thing
on Record concerning ye pretend 
Subject in ye great Father of 
Medicine
Hipp ye subject of
Chap 2
Hipp was born in ye He 
of Coos & defrended from [o??]
-lapius He flourished 
500 years before Christ
He learned considerably by [??a]
-dishons & Inoeriptions in ye temple

33
of Osenlapnis                   
In this Work we have sever
-al Anatomical Facts we 
gathered from among any Things
give him ye great Character
to this Day Wound without
having been most frequently & 
most satysically attacked at 
different Times Palmoslin
every Age & indeed of all 
Authors of Physic he seems 
to be a Persons who these had ye

34
greatest Number of Malliuons
Prehailing Monies palmed on
him without any keen Friends
to stand on his side
Tho' of this Number we 
may reckon to Antonides landed
Linden Professor of Physic
al Lyden He it is who has
write a Thesis instituted Hipp
de Circuihe Sanguinis where
he endeavors to explain on
prove that among [illegible]

35
obligations we owe y.&. great 
Man we are indebted to 
him for ye Circulation of 
ye Blood we however doubt
he has not made a appear
may I'm pretty well convinced
of ye contrary for besides ye however
Proof he built upon we were never 
[??gnainted] obligation 'till about [illegible] 
Time  There are who this 
whole Book so many comming Profs
y.&. he was intirely ignornant of 
it so y.& I wonder how Vander

36\
Linden came to be deceived himself 
on [de???e] ye World For what 
Fore in ye name of Wonder
does ye Bloods naming 'ev 7es 
Kukdes carry alonng with it not to
have as much of ye Mohon 
even w.n. ye Liver is made [Vis???]
[illegible] how we was ye ex
-act Theory & tho' his Anatomy 
be very gross & his Physchology 
ten times worse get the defences 
no such Treatment as some
give not even allowing him to 
have dissected a [B???e] much
  

37
less a Human Subject both we
may be equally false as ye first
is absolutely Vouchers of this am
-sation have his brazen skeleton
we is said to be complimented by 
him to ye Temple at Delphos
to get over what they deny it po
-sitively asending it to be no
more than ye Bones of a
Person who perhaps had been 
buried in ye Defects & Plybia
& in [???th] we have no well
after [A???t] what ye skeleton

38
was or where found so neither
are there any clear Documents
y.&. Human Bodies were dipected 
in these Days or early ages tho'
I limted before [illegible] Bodies were 
I suppose all of us have heard
of that well known [Dem?erates]
having harvestted thro' Egypt & ye 
often Countries because all 
Philosophers behave to go there 
to [co????c] [illegible] ye may returned
home & shunning all society

39
retired into solitude there to con
-template to more Advantage ye sud
-den Works of Nature & to dissect
Animals or Design ye Aberians
his Countrymen taking for Mad
-refes & by some former Action where
-in he discovered ye greatness of his
Genius having concerned a Vast Regard 
for him sent after to Hipp
whose Matter somme pretend he 
was to come from Croos to abdera
to care his Madneses we he

40  
a wording by did where by ye by may
be noticed that there is no mention
of Democrates having ever been
Master to Hipp we had it been 
true would severely have been 
inserted as a presing Argument
seeing they used many [illegible] of 
for less weight to induce him 
to under take ye Cure
Hipp upon coming to Abera 
& going to see his Friend found him 
selling under a shade intently 


41
Having at his Moter first When                               
at a subject he had before time
after having asked what he was 
doing Democritus another he
was searching ye seat of ye
Bile by we he would discover
according to ye Theory ye Cause
of many Phonomena with 
a most exact Knowledge of 
ye Structure of ye Parts we 
Principle it were to be wished 
his successor had entertained

42
for its a too common Practice
in Anatomy for People after
discovering a few Data to build
a whole Course of Theory
imagining that they were able 
to follow out some apperances 
Therefore ye causes must follow
ye effect with is aprepos knows
way of doing
But to go on Hipp having re
-mained some time discovering 
with his Patient afterwards leaves

43
him pronouncing him ye [wise??]
Man in Abera; & y.&. De
-measurable knew more than ye
seat of ye Bile may be gathered
from an [Ep??he] he would of 
-[le??wards] to Hipp we is com
-monly joined in with that Au
-thors where he names many 
Parts of ye Body
What now go under ye Name 
of Hipp [illegible] are far from 
being whole by him many

44
of 'em are a sender to Polysins 
his Son in Law. But its 
generally owned with some parts are
[gen?eine]: Before this time 
we have no particular Audit
of any who excelled in Medi
-cine & of Conference knew little 
of Anatomy; We find however
[podaly???] [illegible] [illegible] [illegible] of 'em and [illegible] 
among whom are Chyron & 
Oseubrpinces & from this last
in a right line was defended

45
our Hipp being about ye igth
of ye Family from Osenlapies 
who lived Several Centuries
before him & all this Time
Physic was confined to this 
Family who either receiving it 
traditionally by Word of Mouth;
or had it probably in Writing 
handed down during all this 
predigious space: Hene its not
-[illegible] to be imagined y.&. Hip
-pocrates was Author of all
               

46 
ye Discoveries & Improvements 
we find in his Writings tho'
thereby we rather reap ye 
Advantage of receiving Things 
that had stood ye Proof of 
many Ages Experience
as to what Hippocrates knew of Anatomy
Infer you to be [C??o]

47
Of Plato & Anislolle
Chap 3
New Anatomy becomes a study 
more generally dipt into than
before & ye first that offer
'em solves to our consideration follow
-ing ye order of ye times
in we they flourished are ye
Divine Plato & ye great Anis
-[???e]; as for ye first tho' no 
practical Anatomical yet he 
gave Demonstrations of 

48
great knowledge in Anatomy
but any Thing of this kind
in his writings seems to be 
taken from his contemporaries
Anislolle ye Spagynile on 
Macedorian lived about 400
years before Christ & [????d?ed]
under Plato
This works for a while were 
in great Repute especially in 
ye Time of School Philoso
-phy; for as long as it made
any Thing relating to Religion
     

49
dark & intricate it was their
advantage to embrace it & [?pse]
acid was eno to contracided ye 
apparent Evident of sense
but they are very lame Perso
-neus He himself [disse?ta]
many Human Bodies Provide
a Book of Anatomy with is 
lost & another about ye History
of Animals with we shall have
But if we judge of ye by 
This we shall not find excessive 
cause to lament it tho' he

50
had advantages above any of 
his contemporaries or even
his successors we do not find
his Book to answer ye Ex
-pectations we readily might have
conceived of it after having ye
greatness of ye Authors know
-ledge for Encouragement for 
having been Tutor to Alex ye
great who conquered all Asia
[?hislolle] upon his Cupills Re
-turn into Greece was endored

51
with an eminenly salary & had
by ye things order/we he send 
to all ye Governors of Pro
-vinces/every thing curious & 
uncommon [hans???tted] to him 
for ye order given 'em were
[illegible] all such whether Animals
or [illegible] Natural Productions [sho??]
be sent to [A??????le] if posible
but at least [illegible] [Dexan???]
Descriptions
This great Man's Fault

52
was too much credulity behaving
& recording any story however im
-probable; never there to from this 
great Man's Book have been
from some scrapes at Design 
to depress some Discoveries attri
-buted to ye Moderns & its much
to be lamented that this inventions
Spirit of endeavouring to derogate 
from ye Discoveried of our con
-temporaries has been too preva
-lent amongst [Anatom???] who 
immediately after a Discovery

53
had been made fell a Rumaging
ye Ancients or for [?or?e?ing] their words
to bear any Interpretation they 
pleased; However opposite to the 
sense of ye Author
Their endeavoring to bring 
'em down to a level with them
-solves since they for saw they were
not to answer to theirs; on in
-deed they might have [illegible] Reasons 
for pretending [illegible] having known
of its being in such as Author
they never dreaded any one

54
Should be do daring as to [a??enble]
it himself whereby they grosely 
infinuate that they them follow
if they had not thought [illegible] known could have been
if not ye Discovers yet ye 
Restorers of it
Anislolles Anatomy is very
rude & his Physiology adapted 
to ye Philosophy of the Times
On this Head you may also 
consult Dr Clarke

55
Chap 4th of  
Diddes Erasishatus & Hero
-philus
Much about this Time lived
one who was esteemed a great im
-prover in Anatomy I mean Dis
-cles ye Carishian who seems to have 
applyed himself very diligently 
to Anatomy & is said to be ye first
who taught it publickly in 
Schools
He write an [adminisha??]
Anatomica of we ye injuries

56
of ye Times have deprived us
In this Book he gave the 
Encheiresis or Method of disco
-vering ye Parts we way of 
Wishing deserves ye greatest En
-couragment & its a great Pity
but it had been more practised
especially in ye Description of 
ye Parts newly discovered; for 
it often happens y.&. Persons search
-ing for [illeagible] Parts have blundered
upon something not before
  

57
know we occasioned no Pains
at all yet its a World of Diffi
-culty for any [illegible] to find it out
wherefore I say we ought with 
Galen & [Di??les] among ye an
-cients Cooper & Lysemus among 
ye Modern to give ye Method
of dissecting what parts we
desenibe 
Anatomy all this Time was 
only cultivated in Greece where
it flourished 300 years before
Christ & 640 after him
w.n. with all ye [illegible] Branches

58 
of Liberal Arts & Sciences
it was removed into Ogypl 
where in a very short Time
it made more Progress than 
it had done before for a very 
long Time in Greece
The Cause y.&. gave origin 
to that Translation was Alex
Death with his conquests were 
divided among his 4 general &
Egypt failing to Plolemgis share
he & almost all ye Plolemyes

59 
were excellent Princes particul
-arly those Surnamed Sotor & 
Philadelphus under whom all 
profile Learning & Anatomy and 
Anatomy in particular flourished
By them was founded ye famous
School at Alexandria pended 
with ye able men in ye several
Professions whom he invited from 
all ye different Parts of ye 
World both by large Salaries
& [illegible] Encouragements
There They were allowed

60
Abundance of Human Subjects
& had some Times ye Honour
of ye Royal Prefences at their
Dissection
Here it was [y?] ye two great 
if it Masters in Anatomy of [y?]
or prehaps any [illegible] Ages after
flourished
I[crossed out] Erasishalus & Hero
-philus both whose writings are 
now lost nor have we any thing
left of 'em more than what
Galen has settled up & down

61
who as good Luck was, took
it in his heart to [????cise]
Erasishalers where by he made
it evident that he knew more
than himself for he has shown
ye used of ye Brain & Nerves 
[dishin?u??ed] ye Veins & arteries
had demonstrated ye [La??als]
in a kid & defended ye Values
of ye Heart & has come very
near to ye have uses & is al
-llowed by all to be Author of 
ye Digestion by [In?hor?tion]

62
whence Dr. Paliain used to call
himself in Erasishalean
About this Time lived Praxago
-ras who after Decodes took notice
of ye Arteries & Veins saying they
always turned smaller 'till they 
become nerves
Herophiles generally called 
ye Calecdonian tho' its doubted
whether his originally called a 
Greek or an African there is 
with [E?asishahes] in ye Honorer
of ye Discovery of ye use of 

63
ye Brain & Nerves
He first defenibes the Perforation
of ye optic nerve for ye permission
of a [illegible] to distribute nourish-
-ment to ye Relina & Jamica 
Choroides & I'm much mistaken
if in searching Galen he was 
not found to be ye [Dis???er]
of yer Tubo Fallor
He gives names to a great 
many Parts without we shall claim
particularly to ye 4th ventricle
of ye Brain called Calamus

64
[?eriphius] to that Please we
he learns Choroidas to ye Middle of 
ye Superior & later sinus' of 
ye Dura Mater w.e. is from time
called Toreular Herophili & ye
Intestine now called [Duod???m]
he called [illegible]
This great Man is held in 
great Esteem by many parti
-cularly by Fallope who gave
such credit to his assestions [y?]
he says contradicere Herophilo
in Anatomics of contradicere

65
[crossed out] Evangalio thinking
y.&. for any Anatomical fault 
his Authority was unquestion
-able & to him frankly attri
-buted ye honour of ye Discovery
of ye Tubes called from [illegible]
himself [illegible] feeling for his being the
[illegible]
In this School of Alexandria
they had multitudes of Human
Subjects afforded for Dissections 
so y.&. was commonly said 
Herophilus dissected 500 whence
probably arose y.&. malicious
  

66   
More of this opening em alive
we condemns justly as 
bar Garones & unhuman of ye
same Time that it can be of 
little service to ye Pracliser
But as I'm ought to believe
this was without Foundation
so neither am I surprised [y?]
in such early ages they should 
from ye [un??s?l?ess] of ye 
Thing alledge that he dissected
living Bodies especially [w?]

67
in a noble Place not many 
years ago ye same report was 
spread on Performs who if any
may be allowed to [illegible] his 
own Thoughts would have 
abanded ye Dead
Tho' this School at 
Alexandia calling a very long
Time maintained its Character
upwards of a Thousand years
from its Foundation 'till
giving [demo???shed] by ye Tasks
who took possession of

68
ye City about 640 years
after our Cavion yet none
of its Professors came up 
to have 2 say & we have 
no more of 'em remain
-ing but their names a lift
of we is to be found in Galen

69
Book 2 
From ye Foundation of ye School 
at Alexandria to ye Refloration 
of Learning in Europe
Chap i.v
of Archagathus Mile
-piades Calsius & Aulus Cor
-nelius Cols
While Anatomy was thus
advancing in Egypt we know
but little of its History in ye
Western Parts of ye

70
World & it have been disputed
whether or not among ye 
Romans Physic was ever
exercised
We know nothing of it 'till
ye Greek Physicians came 
among 'em 200 years before
Christ 
The first called Archad
-gathus whose Practice Le Clarke
in his First med. giver a pretty
exact auot of
He thought ye Food was 
broke into a small Particles

71
without any further [D??????]
& thrown into ye Blood
This Man pretending to 
practise as in Greece by making 
Exhipations using actual 
Caulenies & such like [illegible] ways
of operating so displeased ye Ro
-mans that they immediately 
expelled him their City & as 
some say with [illegible] foreign Play
Siuanse; but be that as it
will we have no Authority of 
any [illegible] in Physic

72  
being made at Rome 'till
about 150 years afterwards
in Pompeis Time there settled
in Rome a Greek Foreigner 
named
Malemiader whose finding
ye Book whereon his Pre
-decessor split refollows to fall
another away to work by his
-morning [h??d] Pahemts & pre
-[???bing] ye most agreeable & 
palatable medicines whereby
he became their Favorite

73
as much as his predecessor  
was their odium Purpose this 
Invilation many [o?] Greek
Physicians came to settle at 
Rome. But we are in the 
Dark with Relation to his know
-ledge in Anatomy only he
seems to be acquanited with ye
Animal Ounomy & is Author 
of ye opinion of ye Drink 
filther tho' ye Stomach [y?]
way separating ye Urine

74
into ye Bladder are Theory has
lately been contended for by Mr.
Moran of ye Royal Academy
& is adopted by Mr Morgandin 
his Philosophical Principles of 
Medicine
He was also acquainted with 
ye Prefence of ye Air in Respi
-zation 
A few years after him lived
Capsines a Physician at Rome
who pretends to have discovered
ye crossing of ye optic Nerve
   

75
before its Exit of ye
Foramoina optica with Pehil
ye Physician & late Surgen
to ye Hospital at Mamur now 
Member of ye Royal Academy
of Sciences has in a Thesis wrote
on Purpose pretend to wise
& demonstrate. Now Anatomy
seem to be better improved at
Rome then being mostly in ployed
in advancing ye pharmaceutical 
part of Medicine; for before 
this Time they used few compo

 

76
-silions & even Hipp Practice
is very scanly; but in this ye 
compounding of Medicines seemed 
much to be in vogue & ye Gale
-nic prepons to increase daily 
Aulus Cornelius Cels: who lived
in ye Auguslan Age flourshied 
in Rome about our Saviors Time
He was defended of a noble 
Family as from [o?] Cercum
flames besides his name we
have Reason to believe that
all his Writings are intire

77
in 8 Books excepting some
Spalmata in some places he 
seems rather to have copied
from [oy??] than defended the 
Parts from Subjects
'Tis said that he write
a Book on Agriculture we
is soft; that he was no practi
-cal Anatomical & will not 
allow him ever to have prac
-tised Physical ye contrary of 
we I think is plain as may

78
be gathered from what he says
himself [w?] speaking of any 
meds.. that he has seen or have
such & such an Effect in 
particular cases tho' ye common
Report is that he [Sh?died]
Physical only as a Part of 
ye Belles Less & such gentle
-man like accomplishments 
He was a great Follower 
of Hipp & [hans?ated] great

79
Pieces of him very laterally 
without makes up a good part of 
his Writings we were wrote in 
a fine elegant style & the 
only Physic Book of a Classic
Whence Boer frequently names
him Lalinisemus cals & by 
most People Lalimus Hipp
What Discoveries ye find here 
in Anatomy are borrowed
from his contemporaries
After this time ye Ohy

  

80
Sicians devided into Several 
Sects & nothing considerable 
happened 'till about one hun
-dred years afterwards
Chap 2nd of 
Rufus Caiues Plinius [Sea???d??]
Colius Aurelianeus & Aroleines
About a century & an half 
after this or in Trojans Time
lived Rufus ye Ephesian
a Greek Physician who write
a Book extremely on ye Namas
of ye Parts who tho' his

81
Descriptions are short has
made as great Progress in 
Anatomy as might be expected
in his Day especially [w?] we 
find him relating there are no 
such advantages in ye shady 
of Part as formerly
Wherefore he recommends
to Beginners to chase such 
Animals as in [Sh????]
are nearest a kin to the 
Human Subject; such as
Apes but he does not

82 
mention Human Bodies to have 
been absolutely discharged in Dis
-sections yet to me it appears 
with as much Strenght as if 
he had
He seems to desenibe the Tubo 
Fallop from Brutes; for what 
else can he meanley [illegible]
[?araslate] [?anicoso] we he say
When Cavum Serbent; also 
he gives Definitions of 
Several [illegible] Parts of Genera

83
-tion we 'till his Days were
undiscovered & mentions the 
recurring Nerve attributing to 
it some part of the cause
of keep vir [w?] compressed
he says it has a greater
Share in producing it than 
ye [?oppage] of ye Blood
in ye Arteried we 'till then 
was judged ye whole cause 
& home thence ye Arteries
going from the Head were

84
called Carolic But so candid
is he as not to assume ye 
Discovery to himself & men
-tions as generally known 
tho' wen his silence has 
sufficed to give him ye Human
Much about this Time [flou??]
Caius Phnius 2nd very 
famous for his vast & extensive
knowledge in most sciences
Particulary all ye parts 
of Natural History but being

85
no practical Anatomist
we have nothing very exact
or material from him
Having [b???] Anatomy
to ye first our vir w.n. [illegible]
-us Galenus flourished of 
whose History before we begin
it may not be a miss to men
-tion how Authors concerning 
whom it seems to be uncer
-tain whether they were before
in or after Galenis Time

86
Colius Aunelianecs who writes
a Trealife of Chronic & acute 
Diseases in most barbarous
Latin we makes some behave 
that either he must have 
been originally a Roman or else
might have lived in ye later
Ages tho' a great many Passages
in him make it certain that 
he is after than ye Decay of 
ye Latin Some con
-tend  y.&. he is originyally an Affri

87
-can & consequently could not
have ye Roman Tongued 
in Perfection while [oy??] Con
-jecture him to be a Grecian 
& write in that language
we was handcrafted by some 
obscure Hand
In this Book we find but 
to little Anatomy & that contains 
nothing remarkable only he 
describes ye Diseases he treats 
of & together with 'em the 
[o?] parts w.o they affect

88  
The [illegible] whose Time they 
have not agreed on is
Anolius the Capadoian 
whose works being in ye [??nic]
Dialect Author have taken occa
-sion to place him before ga
-len for they what in his Time 
this Dialect was out of use
The contrary is now made
evident from many Injuries 
I'm of opinion they were 
contemporaries & only lived at
          

89
a Distance from each [o?] 
for he does not mention Ga
-len nor Galen him tho' both 
were Physicians of a very 
great name
Chap 3rd of 
Claudius Galens of Pergemaes
who was perhaps one of ye
greatest Anatomisls that were
lived To him it is 
y.&. we owed ye Resloration of 
Anatomy [illegible] what know
-ledge we have we have of it or 

90
its Writers before his Time
He seems to have all ye ad
-vantages [y?] and be afforded
him by ye most liberal Edu
-cation for he shidied in able
ye nost famous [illegible]
then in ye World particularly 
in ye School of Alexandria
By some he was held as 
an infallible oracle maintain
-ing that whatever he lays 
down may be depended upon

91
& to such a Flight have 
some carried this blind Esteem
as to say in express Words
they would rather be in ye wrong
with Galen than in ye right with
Carry [illegible] Peform while [illegible]
again have not such shick to be
-fame whatever he gives for 
his opinion
They likewise has him 
with never in his Life having
dissected a Human Body
Indeed we may presume

92
both from his own Words &
what Rufus before him said
that in his Time opportu
-nities of Having Human 
Bodies were very rare & 
durst never be awarded for 
he thought it worth his while
to go to Alexandria to study
Physic because there was 
a Human Skeleton there 
not withstanding as he himself
says he purchased Human

93
Bodies several ways ways as 
w.n Malefaitons Bodies were 
exposed
Sometimes he had ye ad
-vantages of ye Roman Enemines 
w.n. slain in Battle & of 
People robbed whose Flesh 
was torn off with Vultures
or now & then happened on 
Bodies by accident that had 
been either carried from their
tombs by ye overflowing of 

94
Rivers or had been taken down
alive being drove into some
Creek; but by another than
any of those tho' he does
not mention it/I suppose
he lighted on most of his 
subjects & this Custom was 
then most practised among
ye Greeks & afterwards
received by ye Romans in
their exposing new born in
-fants [w?] ye Circumstances

95
of ye Parents or any [o??]
accident made it unconventional
to keep 'em at Home 
The Ceremony used was im
-mediately upon ye Child's Birth
to lay it upone the Ground
in Prefence of the Father
who is he had a mind to [illegible]
-tain & educate it took it 
up into his Armes/[w?] was 
ye [t?kere] Infants so often
mentioned by Terence & 

96
[oy?] Drammatic Writters
& never after upon any 
Pretence what forces draft 
deny it
On ye [oy?] Hand w.n. he 
suffered it to remain on ye 
Ground they immediately ex
-posed it on an after erected
for ye Purpose in the 
Corners of ye Cheeks & 
covered it all over with ye
Leaves of Trees Pilsome

97
times happened that tender  
hearted People coming [y?] way 
sent ye Infants to be measured
& look ye Care of their edu
But your [illegible] they were [illegible] [illegible] [illegible] not to be
supposed 4 Galen [illegible] [illegible] [illegible]
-cahon 
ye opportunities of gathering 
Bodies were very rare & ye 
Danger of Dissecting great 
we are not to image 'em
any more than highly handed;
far left can we expect he had
his subject before his wn

98
he write down ye Definition
of ye Parts whence they must
be imperfect as in Truth
we find they are & some
great Blenders in giving 
ye Definitions of ye parts
of [B??es] [interm??el] with those
of the Human Body/yet its 
to be remarked that in his
Books de [??n] Particulur 
his nowhere guilty of this 


99
this we is taken severely to 
Talk by Vesalius no while in
ye Mean Time [y?] very 
Vesalius does not sample 
[?a?ely] to have Resource to that 
we he blames in Galen &
that oftenes than once as for 
Instance he gives ye Laryna 
Kidney & parts of Genera
-tion taken from a Cow without
mentioning one Word and 
to very keen are some

100
People in running down [o???]
as not to regard Truth on 
their Assumptions with Regard
to 'em folwer
'Tis a great odds but they either
blame what they 'emselves have 
been guilty of or else fall 
into ye same Fault we they 
take or pretend to be so much
a [mi??] in [o???]
From what has been said 
not some we are not to be

101
-bieve all his Defintions ge
-nuine we he does not inform 
us are otherwise nor with 
yours y.&. they are all taken 
from Brutes without excep
-tion 
One Direction may be given 
in order to ye reading his Works
vir using always a great cau
-tion beside being pretty well
acquainted with Anatomy your
-selves in 'em are found some 
Discoveries y.&. 'till not long

102
ago were reckoned incre
-dible & not a few of em 
asenbed to ye Cater's Antho
-nily & his not impossible
but there still remain many
burnied among [o?] things 
'Tis a Pity but Dr Dou
-glas had made good his 
Promise he makes in his 
Bibliotheca Anatomica to 
give galen's Works metho
-dized by publishing 'em
     

103
in a [sy??ema?i?] way; but 
ye Business [y?] Gentle
-man was engaged in 
forever rendered him incap
-able of doing what would 
have been a general Piece 
of Service to Anatomills 
& Anatomy wherefore it 
were to be wished any toler
-able critic in Greek & 
al ye same Time well
skilled in Anatomy would

104
undertake this 'till we Fine more
can assume with safely ye honour
of any Discovery
His Works are very probability
abridged into an eight part of 
their former Bulk by Andreas
Lacana who has hansenbed 'em
into ye most elegant Latin
For a fuller of this 
Author ye many consult Dr Clarke
tho' what we have there is by 
no means complete; he 
   
 
    

105 
only having given us a De
-scription of ye 3 large Cavities
After his Death ye same 
Thing happened his writings we he 
complained was ye Tale of ye 
Oscenlapian Family seeing so great
a Regard was had to his Works
by his successor that believing
'em Complete/as had long been 
done to Hipp they imagined it
in vain to alter any Thing in 
'em even to Vesalins Time none

106
darst attack 'em He intrively
garnished Anisotle out of Schools
& he it was who overheard to refuse
Learning from ye slavery it then
lay under tho' at ye Experience 
of ye Hatred of all his Contem
-poraries 
Galen wrote commentaries on [A?pp??]
[??or??].

107
Chap 4th of 
Onbas Ohius & 
From this Time & Anatomy re
-ceived no Increase 'til very long 
after for some centuries
did any scarely apply 'emselves
to this shedy
The [?v?] after Galen who 
heals of this Science is
Onbasices of Stardeis in ye
Town of Pergamers

108
He flousrished in ye 4th Century
after Christ
He mentioned ye Glaneuls & 
Ductus whatomaimo. But Galen
did it before him He coppies
so exactly after Galen of his 
[??nal] appellation was simia
Galeni
He was Physician to Julian 
ye [Alpo??a?e] Preached a good
Practitioner
Much about ye same time

109
lived Namesius a Christian Bish
-op of Emissa who write
a Book de Natures & we I've
no seen tho' I've one going 
by ye same name published
by Milesius a Philosopher who 
too lived near this Time [w?]
makes me suspect they are ye
same Person only the name
has been completed & this has
occasioned ye Mistake espe
-cially as he has mentioned

110
Milesius without Nemisius
& Douglas has Nemisius with 
out Milesius were it not 
on About of a Passage quoted 
by Douglas to look Having
of ye Honour of ye Circulation
I should not have handled you 
with this Author & another to 
deprive de la Boris of ye Dis
-covery of ye use of ye Bile
neither of we are in Mi
-celius & Dr Friend makes




111
it very plain y.&. his Words ad
-mit of no such Interpretations
as Dr. Douglas gives 'em.
In ye 3 succeeding Conhines
Flourished 4 Men who common
-ly joined in with Anatomical 
Writers are Otius & Amida
Mea Thallianus & Panders 
Oginela who all lived about 
ye Distance of a Contary 
from each [oy?] & tho' very
  

112
considerable in Physic have
but little Anatomy wherefore
its need lets to dwell on them
Their Histories are fully 
heated of by Dr. Friend
In ye middle of ye 7th Contrary
Learning viewed a most terrible
shock by ye School of Alex
-andria being demolished by 
ye Larauns who having taken
[??llaged] & ransacked ye city heated

113
it in a Manner. I can't give
a bad eno' Name to; for w.n 
at ye Instigation of ye Calst 
ye General Amia was willing 
to save it & for y.&. end [a??uamited]
ye [?itlar] with this Intention
/without whose orders he durst
not presume to act in a Matter
of so much Consequence/he 
sent him Word if there were
any Books in it not agree
-able to ye [Al???an] they should 

114
be [des??oged] at any Role & accordingly
they were delivered to ye [Ba?]
-nios where of there were 4000 in ye
City & they served for Serval 
Months Thus permitted
that famous Universily founded by 
ye Plolemies we had been ye
Resort of learned Men for up
-wards of 1000 years vir 400 
before & 640 after Christ
About this Time also ye go tho
Vandals & [o??] barbarons Nations
made Eruptions into Italy de
Shoging Learning unlikely in so
     

115
much [y?] to the End of this 
Century [?earce] ye least Vestige
of it remained in Europe but
ye most profound Ignorance
prevailed for 400 or 500 years
all we Time no Latin was write
or underflood excepting some small
barbarous scrapes of History
chiefly of ye Respective Society
of Monks by whom they were
written Of the Arabians
Now medicine was only 
in Repute among ye Arabians

114
but they having a Law we made
ye Persons unclean who touched
dead Bodies / as had also ye
Jews so [y?] we can't expect Ana
-tomy to have made any great 
Advances among 'em: However
Avicenna who was a very fa
-mous Practioner Alive in the 
12th Century has presented [?allop]
in ye Discovery of ye Allollens
Palpuhaum [illegible]
About or a little before this

115
lived Albucasis a very bold &
handy Surgeon who was a Spainard
He gives Directions how to perform
Several operation but does little
in an Anatomical way more 
than to defenible ye Parts whose
Diseases he heats off
After this there were several 
Schools created in different Parts 
in Europe that at salesman
in Naples was ye first
It continued for some Time
ye most famous in ye

116
World & is said to have been
founded for ye use of Rob.&.
Brother to Richard [i??] ye Lyon
of England to whom it was 
dedicated ye Same we goes by 
ye Name of Schola Salerni
-lana & now following its Ex
-ample we find oy so in different
parts of Europe is at Padna 
Naples Bononia Monsprellier
& Paris all we are doing nothing
but has flating & commentary 
on ye Writings of Arabians

117
neither improving anatomy 
nor medicine unless forgiving
a vast Notch Polch of Re
-cipies in we way they contained
about a century unlike ye lacking
of [Cons?an?inople]
In ye 14th Century wn some in 
-genious Monks coming over to 
Spain [bro?] with 'em Copyries of ye
Greek Authors ye publishing
hanslating commentary & eniticing
on we imployed Physicians an 
-other country who having formed

118
a Party agst ye Arabians entered
swiffly into Dispute with one another 
Whence happended [y?] Anatomy 
with most [o??] parts of Learning
during this Time made no man
-ner of Improvement and the 
habians who formerly were [illegible] profound
scholars [illegible] now wholly despised & regulated
when it was found they [w???] only were
[Plag????ts] 4 Ancient Greek Authors
     

119
Book 3rd 
From ye Restoration of Learning
in Europe to ye Discovery of 
ye Circulation by Harvey
Chap [illegible] of 
Mundinus who is ye first [y?] 
deflowes our nottice after this 
Period
He flourished in ye 15th Century 
& seems evidently to have been a 
practical Anatomist & writes
a Book on ye Subject in very
barbarous Language missing
    

120
Arabian word with Latin we
however by Reason of ye great
family of Anatomical Books
was held long in ye greatest 
Repute being taught almost in
all ye Schools particularly at 
Padna where by a Law of ye
Senate they were forbid ye Teaching
any [oy?] Anatomical System
we I believe is not get reversed
It was commented on by 
many of ye learnedest Men
of ye Age

121
He keeps pretty close to Galen
but has connected him in his De
-seription of ye Lungs
There are several mis
-takes in him as [w?] he says
ye Menus confilcts of 7 calls
w.e. he has taken from some
[Br??te] Animal. However there's
in it a Number of Discoveries 
& Improvements among ye 
cheif of w.e. are
in his Anatomic [Me?????i]/vir
of ye Segements of ye Ab
-domen he expressly says
 
                         

122  
that ye Arteries of ye Memo
anastomose with ye Memmory 
w.e also was hinted at but 
obscurely by Galen not with
standing of w.e. 'tis commonly 
looked on as a later Discovery
He has likewise prevented
Wharton in ye Discovery of ye 
Glandals vago of ye mensen
-tery w.e. also may perhaps
be found in Galen w.n de
-senibing ye Cystis Bibianius 
he mentions ye Canal w.e

123
at its Entry into ye Duode
-num is bisulfated one Branch
going to ye Duodenum of ye
[oy?] up below ye Stomach
w.e. last can be no [oy?] than
ye Pancreatic Duct where of 
he seems to have had but 
an obsecure Notion by not
knowing where it terminated
w.e granted cernie ye honour
from Wirtzangins or [o??] later
Pretenders [?oi?s] Discovery
He also distinctly marks

124
ye Division of ye Medulla
Spinalis commonly attributed
to Drake saying [y?t] in place that is
but briefly compressed & but little 
bifurcated
He's ye first who has given
a tolerable Description of ye 
Situation & Fig of ye Hu
-man Heart we has been 
much neglected since his time 
so [y?] we have very few Fig
but what rather agree in 
[y?] Part with some of the

125
Inadrequred whence Mr.Ganan
-geol not many years ago 
assumes it as a Discovery
of his own He also 
notices ye oblique Insection
of ye Writers into ye Bladder
we prevents any Return of 
thine y.t. may we some have
lately valued 'emselves upon
He first gives us a De
-scription of ye Liver & Lungs 
taken from a Human Body 
This [Pr?decessors] & contem

126
poraries taking 'em all from 
Brides
For more than a Century after 
his Time nothing remarkable
was done in Anatomy tho'
at that Time there lived a 
great many Tnifflers conti
-nually publishing Books as 
Guides de Ganliaca
Nicholas Matherus de Gradi
-bus & but towards ye Begnning
of ye Century ye Force of 
Things began very much to alter

127  
ye member of Books in-
creasing so fast y.t. ye can ex
-pect nothing in so methodical
away as hitherto we have been
able to have 'em it being no early
matter to determine very exactly
their Times of writting so y.t.
you can hence further expect no 
more than Audt of those whose
Books are in Reputation or 
have made some remarkable 
Improvements


128
Chap 2nd of    
Alex [cross out] Benedi [cross out] Jacobus [Carpn?s]
Mea [cross out] [Achilline?] or 
In ye Beginning of ye 16th Century
flourished 3 [A??lions] whose practicular
Times of writing has been desputed
vir
In Carpus Alea Achiolli
-mus & Meas Benedictions
These their names & this ye
order after we they are intentionally
placed we in my opinion are 
just reviewed or ought to be so
For that Benedictions wrote first

129
is evident from after write him 
by Macasins without dated 1508
wherein he compliments him upon
ye exceeding usefulness of this 
Book & this ler is prefixed
to a 2nd Edit of his Works & 
shows [y.?] they must have been 
published before its Date where
-as Campus did not write 'till
1535 & Achillines not before
1521 or 22 but besides what 
is still stronger [y.?] Benedictions
himself says some where 
in his Works Damhor

130 
conderemes anno millesarmus
quadragentesume odogesemothor
-his Where its plain they must
first have been published
about this Time tho' this Edit
I never saw nor is it commonly taken 
notice of & further to defend my 
asertion we may to those and that in
this Work there's no mention of ailler
ye Maleslus or Incus tho' he aur
-ately eno' heats of ye ours Parts of 
that organ both we are defended 
by Carpus & Aloluillomus without
their claiming ye Discovery where
-fore may easily [co??h?de]

131
[y?] believed ye Publication of 
Bendichus Works & [Cas??] they 
were discovered since had they been
discovered before Benedictions Time
he would certainly have mentioned 'em
since all ye 3 were living in Italy 
[Mea??] Benedictions gives us 
several remarkable Discoveries as for 
Instance a pretty plain [Au??] of Perspi
-ration w.e. is reckoned a Discovery of 
Sanctonius; for says he these are 
Pores in ye Skin thro' we a liquor
insensibly flyer of 
He has prevented Malighius 
in ye Discovery of ye Corpus Re
 

132
-ticulase telling us [y?] immediately be
low ye Epidemis there's [an???]
-hous substance applicable to nothings else
[illegible] Author of [Doc???e] of nourshing
People by ye Anus enforcing it 
with Influences in some [y?] it succeed
-ed with /tho' now it be converted
whence he infers that there must 
be Lauteals in ye great galls
He has likewise prevented Bar
-tholine in ye Discovery of ye small
Duets opening at ye Entry of ye 
Urethra in Women where of he 

133
gives us a very exact Description
only he calls 'em veins with Names 
he gives to all [p?ll??d] Tubes
He has prevented Harvey in some 
Discoveries about ye Chick in [o??] 
for says he [y?] some time after 
Incubation it begins to form like 
a little 2nd Poinnt as also Nesalins
in ye frontal masillary & sphenoi
-dal since & Morgagni in an 
obsevation concering ye knowing
a Calorat in ye Eye for he says 
if ye perfers on one side of ye eye
with [cross out] y.m Finger & a
 

134
Flash of Fire seems to appear
its a sure sign y.t ye Relinais
sound
He also mentions ye Nerves
accessonius [Will??y] when he says
y.t together with ye Jugular veins
there goes out at ye some Holes
three pairs of Nerves where of 
one goes to ye Tongue [Lary??]
& [Pha?y??] The 2nd 
is distributed to ye Muscles of ye
Scapula whilest the 3rd namming 
down by ye [Ne?ebo] serves ye
Heart Lungs & Sto


135
-mach; & what else [co???] he mean
by ye 8th pair of Nerves with 
ye accessonius where of this is 
no contemplible Description 
He deseniber ye Sinus Tonlalis 
commonly attributed to [Nes??tins]
telling there are Cavites opening 
into ye Nose composed of a double 
Bone He first has hit 
on ye sight shape of ye Cryes
-talline Human defenbing it as 
more conaese behind than before
He has taken Notice of ye
ossa Sepmordea & several [???s]

136
Things of lesser Note too Ledious 
to be insert here
All his Works are wrote in pure
elegant Latin very different from 
y.t of ye Times w.e. had not subbed
of ye Barbansn of former 
Ages
La Berengaus Cazpensis 
ye famous Inventor of ye use
of Mercury in ye curse of ye Lna
venerea & a great Resolver of 
Anatomy in y.t he openly [a??dly]
dissected Human Bodies w.e. gave 
Rise to ye Malicious Story told 

137
of Herophilus & Erasisha 
-hes where of they pretend to give
an Instance of 2 Spainiards
who came to his House for a 
Cure of ye Lnes Venesca to we
Nation 'tis said he had a partical
-ar hatred
These he's said to have opened
alive for we he was obliged to leave
Bononia/where he taught Anatomy
Preheing to Terara we Crimes 
in his Jagogne he declares in 
ye most solemn Manner before
God/& we I'm very apt to be

138
-lieve he's intirely innocent of 
He writes a commentary on 
Mandinus w.e I never saw &
an Jagognce w.e I've read where
in are contained some remark
-able Discoveries as for Instance
ye have Another of ye [Duc??s]
communies Chohdochus; thence
deducing from its Exit ye same 
uses as were formerly attributed
to ye [??elers] by Benedictions & 
Mandimus: He gives an [??c]
-[a??] Audit on Desecription

139
of the Kidney being the 
first who gives ye time struc
-ture & ye Mechanism of ye 
Papillo opening into ye Pelvis
to have been before hinted at 
but blurely by Benedictions
not withstanding w.e Fallop
a senibles ye Honour of the Dis
-covery to himself w.e Surmised
one considering his Character & 
ye more since he quotes this 
[??a?agne] in almost every [o??]
Page He desenber ye gala

140 
Deferentra ending in ye Vesicular
Seminales & afterwards passing 
tho' ye Proflate & opening 
into ye there these & his Audit is almost 
as exact as a Fallop gives after
-wards
He also defends better than 
Ruhes ye Tubo Fallop & first
mentions ye Bleeding in ye
Jugular veins we he calls was 
Guides/tho' he says it was not 
practiced in his Country
He gives an Audit of the 
apparatus by hearsay vir

141
they wrap ye Palemtis Body 
in very light broad Rothers
thereby [fo??ing] ye Blood upwards
He was to be kept very warm
& have his Body soluble by 
glysters having ready Bolsters
long Bands Bol & [o?] [s??p?ies]
to prevent a dangerous Hemmorr
-hage & after ye operation he 
was to lie on his Back with his 
Body erect for 8 Days to be kept
free from noise so great a 
Dread they had for the conse
-quence of such an Affair

142  
he [de??ibes] ye [P?m?a] Lacking
-malia & mentions some in
-flames of a Fibula in 'em
& also ye Malcolus or [Gre??]
of the Ear tho he does not 
assume ye Discovery of ye 
last 
Mes Anchillimus Professor
at Parna write about 5 or 6 years
after ye former He also men
-tions ye Maleolus & Juncence we
input now kindles were probably 
discovered about ten or 120 years
before In time you

143
have but few discoveries & these
2 not so considerable as those 
we have been lately relating        
Chap 3rd of
Andrew Lucana Nicholaus
Maba to Formelius
About 14 years after Benedictions
or in ye year 1533 appeared an
dreas Lucana ye same before
mentioned as giving as anelegant
handsome Edit of Galen 
This proper Anatomical Works
I never saw
   

He's commonly reckoned ye Disco
-verer of ye Forrum langua
& Penis first maintaining y.t ye
same Membrane contuined along 
ye esophagus
About aycar after him flourished
Nicolaus Massa who write [a?iber]
Introducorius Anatomic in 1536 in 
a barbarous style much inferior to 
that of Benediclus & Lucana in 
it: He makes Pretensiones to 
a great many Discoveries where 
unto he has no just little. He
mentions ye Sephome School

where of some would make him
ye Inventor but fastly; for 
both medicines & [c?pu??] speak 
of it  He's said to have defended
ye Muscanli [P??midales] tho' their 
Words quoted from him for that 
Purpose no way make it out 
on ye contrary he agree to 
ye Czesler Belived [o?] Remarks 
he plainly take their use is for 
zarsing ye yard & squeezing ye 
Testicles He prevented 
Dr Douglas in his way of 
taking out ye Peritoneum

from ye Abdomen whole 
It may be obscured that those
whom we have hitherto mentioned over 
time ye Refloration of Anatomy were
all Italian & really from that Time
to this there never have been want
ing some great Men who cultivated
 y.t Science in Italy: Howowever about 
ye Beginning of ye 6th Century
it began to spread itself over the 
neighbouring countries & ye first
after ye Italians those who made
any confiderable Fig were ye
Frence The first of whom was
To: [G??in?i??s] who problished [in??]

-inhones anatomico & taught
publicly at Paris
In his works there's nothing
remarkable except by Trea life on ye
Muscles we is not much infection
to ye left we have at this Day
altho' for ye most part what he 
these says is to be formed in Ga
-nel
This Trealike was at y.t time
more valuable because most of 
his predeccessor had overlooked this
Branch of Anatomy Studying 
only ye Viscera
He likewise publish a treative de [Va???]
[illegible]


much about this Time lived
To: Temelius Anbiannon 
a Man delivered esteemed a good
practical Author He was Cou
-fellor & Physician to Henry 
ye 2nd of France
He taught in Paris with great
Applause & tho' his Disco
-veries be few yet he may be 
reckoned ye first who exactly dis
-tinguished ye Parts of ye
[El??moid] Bone & describes ye 
Vomer as distinct from it

Chap 4th of 
Andreas Vesalius Carolus 
Stephamus Ambrose Parey To: 
Valverda & to Philippus [a?]
Ingrapias
The next year after ye Pub
-lication of ye last named Au
-thors works vir 1542 begins
a very consideralbe Ora of Anatomy
The flourishing of Andreas Vesa 
-lives of Brussels chief Physi
-cian to ye Chambers ye 5th 
Emperor of Germany & To 
of Spain who in 1543 pub

152
lished his large system of 
Anatomy at 28th years of Age
He severely attacks Galen his
Descriptions being according to 
him almost only taken from 
Bundles
This especially at a Time
u.n. Galen was adored could
not miss to procure him a 
great to many Enemies who 
write most bitterly ag [u?] him
He was a great opposer of anti
tolle The Number of his 
Discoveries are not so great 


[illegible]


[illegible]

[illegible]

ay because say they his Book
entitled Anatomica Fallopian Exam
-ination is wrote in a low as [illegible] [illegible]
poor Language, but I think our 
server may he made [illegible] 
u 13 then he wrote it in a great hurry, and 
as he says without 4 asorislance  Book
for it seems he had clone something
that was not agreeable to ye Inquestion
wherefore he was obliged to go to Jerus-
-alem ([w??] at that him [??p??ed] all
furits) and was in a hurry before 
his going to write that Book, & 
[comp??alely] after set for Jerusalem 
let put it is veins and Island Cynthis 
in a very condserable way

153
as his Corrections on [oy?] Au
-thors                         
He defines several parts from 
Brutes we he does not to be 
such as ye Kidney & Eyes
This Definitions are generally
very plain & exact particularly 
those of ye Bones & Muscles
in w.e. he has out done An
-dernaeus & seems scarcely to be 
equatted if you will not bate only
a few Discoveries. His Plates are 
most elegant & with Regarding 
Their Exactiness very valuable
Pieces of painting in so  

154
much that I never showed i'm
to any Person of Skill who 
was not taken with em at 
first sight & some have 
told me y.t they were Repre
-sentations of old Antique
Status one particularly they
said was Roman another
that of Hercules: However
to Learners perhaps Pichines
nearer ye Apperance of a 
dead Body & not in such 
violent sharing Poshumes 
might be rather preferable

155
His Language is diffusive but 
very elegant & eloquent being 
supposed to be done by Apporinetts
Prefers of Greek & Latin
at Basil (a) notwithstanding of all 
ye Courills & further Things said
[a??] him not at all representing
of what he had done in ye 2nd 
Edit of his Anatomy published 
Anno 1555 rather attacks 
Galen in a stronger Manner 
than before
Most part of his Contemporaries 
were his Rivals or Enemies who 
before we mention 'em it will  
 

156
not be a miss to take Notice
of those who were either little
or nothing concerned in ye 
Controversy
The first of whom is 
Carolus Stephanus who by 
ye assistance of Riveri a French
Surgeon wrote a Book of Ana
-tomy published in 1545 in ye 
Preface to w.e he complains
heavily that altho' his Book 
was printed almost by ye 
year 1539 yet by Reason of 
some Controversy was dis

157
-charged to be exposed by w.e
means many getting it miserabely
had not only coppied his Dises
-venies but pyrated his Tables
& got 'em prohibited before his 
saw ye Light
Some of these he makes particular 
Mention of notwithstanding w.e.
there are still some things re
-markable in him: As for In
flance he's ye first who has
described ye Values any Veins Ventricle Laryn
-gis & ye first who has taken 
notice of ye Tumica Camo 

158
sa of Brunte Animals is no 
[oy?] than ye Junica [adip???]
in ye Human Subject [?ive??]
of its Fat than assuming [y?]
He also mentions if [illegible] [illegible]
-Gg=lands of 4 colors [illegible] [illegible] and=
appreance 
=give a very exjact [illegible] of is method [illegible] [illegible] [illegible]
The next in order is 
Ambrose Parcy Surgeon to Henry 
ye 4th of hance who has
ye greatest Reputation in ye 
practical way: He write a 
Book of Surgery where in 
he look ye [as???ance] of a 
great many young Physicians
at Paris to whom he delivered
his obs: allowing 'em to add 
whatever they pleased [illegible] it here

159
-pened y.t his Work svelled 
to such a Bulk & as to ana
-tomical Matters they seemed 
to have made an conju
-dicions Collection & what
Parcy himself could never have
wrote
Next to him we have to:
Valverda a spaniard who has 
wrote a Book in his Native
Idiom wherein are Vejalines
Calls w.e he prepared adding nothing
but that Authors text w.e
by ye by is salty spoiled
   

160 
It was afterwards by Columbus 
translated into Latin
They will not allow him to be
a practical Anatomist nor ever 
to have seen a dissection since 
he was to purlind y.t very 
thing he looked at must be with
in an Inch of his nose
To: Philipp In grapsias 
flourished abotu 1540 he was 
Professor of Physic in Sicily 
& had a great Reputation being
a very learned Man: He was 
assiduous in Curing the Plague 

161
w.e then raged & as they say
with so much success y.t he 
was commonly [illegible] ye 
Sicilian Hypocrites 
He wrote only a Comment on
Galen de osibus w.e was not 
published until 1578 tho' by 
a Ler he wrote to Julius Jake
-limus he says [Cum????ne?e] 
[crossed out] [crossed out]
[crossed out] [crossed out]
[crossed out] [crossed out] Whence
it would appear his Works had 
been ready long before


162
Any Discoveries we see here seem
chiefly owing to intermediate Au
-thors as Euflordius Fallop
Valverda & Vins Vidius tho'
he may be allowed perhaps with 
Justice y.e Discovery of ye [??pes]
w.e. he says he did in year 1546
before all his Scholars rather
by Chance than Design
His Words are [illegible]
-dicto 1546 diem public & 
[illegilbe] of sicalum no inve
-nimus [?ed] [repe?imus]
This Discovery had been

163
claimed by severals particularly 
Fallop Collumbus & Ensla
-chius w.e at lenght Fallop
gives us begging God Pardon
& at ye same Time ascribes 
it to ingrassias from one 
of whose Scholars he says he 
learnt it in 1548 or there abouts
w.e carries it from his opponents
[crossed out] He is 
down right [illegible] fox for in
a Book w.e he has write
upone Timors he spends 2 or 
3 Pages in defining Causes w.e

164
he afterwards disting washed
into different Parts with all 
ye Loquacity of a Schoolman
He borrows his Figs from vesa
-lius we are barely coppiced
for ye Painter not taking care
to reverse 'em they are all 
inverted & what was on ye 
right Hand in Vesalius is 
here on ye left & vice versa
It in Language pretty good

165
Chap v.th of 
To: Syhvius, Readue Colum
-bus, & Gabriel Fallop
Welcome need to Vesalius more 
direct Enemies on ye Front
of whom appears
To: Silvius of [Pi??dy]
an Anatomical whom ye most
part of Anatomical Writers
seem to be ingrainted with tho'
he was a Man of a very
great Character & so much a
Professor y.t he's said to have 
had some hundreds attending

166
his lectures
He was Vesalins Matter as 
he himself confesses in ye 
first Edit of his Anatomy
w.e however he not thinkinng
a Sufficient Recompense for 
heating his Favorite Galen
with so much Freedom in 1551
He writed a Treasise Vesani 
Calummiaum [illegible] [Dom??io]
alluding to ye [a???ity] [beh??i??]
Vesalius & Vesamus thereby
jummping on ye Words
From ye Title you may [cross out]
 

167
queals ye contents & indeed he 
does not deceive us for he heats
him most seriously giving 
him Names & making him 
appear very ignorant for w.e
End he has summoned to toge
-ther all y.e all mature he 
was master; He writes in 
very elegant Latin of w.e
& ye Greek he was a very 
great Critic
He's ye first who be flowes 
proper names on ye Muscles 
most where of we till this

168
Day retain; for 'till his Time
They reckoned 'em all by Number
where by it was impossible 
without a Master to know any
thing about 'em for what is ye
first with Vesalius is perhaps
ye 3rd or 4th of some [oy?]
Authors. He discovered ye Fora
-men commonly called Bolabus
whom some make its Disco
-vere but he seems to mis
-take its use in likely 
This however Galen has not


169
-ticed & described ye [Sep???]
medium commonly attributed 
to Archangelus Pcothomenes 
he also describes ye Valves very
acurately & is short of Agra
-pendente in nothing but want 
of Fig [crossed out] 
[crossed out] [crossed out] [crossed out]
[crossed out] [crossed out] [crossed out]
[crossed out] [crossed out] [crossed out]
He describes ye Muscles & Gland
of ye Osophagus we all 
are commonly attributed to Vesa
-lins

170
The Directions of ye Fibres
of ye Stomach & Inteshnes 
also ye Mnsele Pyramida under 
ye Name of Rectoum Succer
-[L?niah] w.e Discovery is attributed
to Fallop: He defendes ye Vesselo
we answering from ye Carindal Vesselo
go to be distrubited to ye
Womb upon ye Discovery of we 
swammerdam gained himself no 
small honour
He very exactly defendes ye Liya
-menta Coll w.e being 3 in Num
-ber he says to go to ye Rectum

171
there to be equally stretched over 
its surface Hence ye may see 
he has prevented several of the 
moderns in their Discoveries tho'
I can't say they have borrowed 
from him or he from them be
cause he died in 1555 notwithstand
-ing his Works came not out 
'till iboo
Another Rival of Vesalius was 
Reactions Columbus/ who was Vesalius
Scholar wn Professor at Pesa
was ye first Professor at 
Padna tho' [afe???] taken 
to Rome Vesalins speaks

172
very handsomely of him in ye
first Edit of his Book tho'
in ye 2nd he seems to recant
calling him a very illiterate Man
& in lively ignorant of Anatomy 
He published a Book in 1559
de Re Anatomica wherein he 
has Pretensions to several Disco
veries tho' upon very ill grandes 
he being one of those People 
whom both Fallop & Eusla
-chines seem to have in their 
Eye w.n they say some policies 
Aunibus gram ocalis Polas

173
alligere time there was no 
[o??] wrote about this Time
for Sylvans was dead
[??ephanus] ab Ingrassias
& Valverda had already published 
their Works
He's talked off as a very
bad caller tho' Fallop says he
taught Anatomy very learnedly
at Bone & in his Works we
meet with divers Places that would 
in Finale ye Accusation: For 
Instance he mentions ye 
Muscules obliques Major &
Minor of ye Eye but so

174
very erroneously that its plain
he never saw 'em much less
ever dissected 'em rather taking 
things upon Insert from [????a]
-chives & Fallop Scholars 
whom he said to have fined
for ye Purpose
About 2 years after him
flourished Gabriel Fallop born
at Modena in Lombardy & 
Professor at Padria after 
Vejalius having left the Chair
at Pisa where before he

175
taught & tho' he was Master
of Natural History yet he 
seems to have been some Time
before he understood any Thing 
of Anatomy
He calls his Works [Ins????is]
-nes Anatomica & afterwards
published a few sheets of observations
both w.e are but long Performances
& no way answering to their Au
-thor who was afterwards almost
of 'em & having applyed him
-self diligently some few years
became ye greatest Master

176
of Anatomy in so much y.t Anno 
1561 he published a large Book 
of obs: we in one of ye most 
valuable Treasures in all our 
Science I can't pretend to emume
-rate ye Discoveries therein con
-tained; for there's hardy a Para
-graph much less a Page tho'
y.e. whole Book where there is not 
some Improvement to all & was 
known before him
In y.e. [Ep?lle] Dedicatory w.e.
was looks Father in Law Peter
Manna he assures us it had 

177
lain aside him 4 years i.e. since
1557 in y.e some Time w.n it last 
appeared 
He speaks very handsomely of Ve
-sahins Works very where whose 
Method he has followed all along
& indeed it has been written as 
a Supplements to Vesalius' Works 
every where containing Corrections 
& additions to his Defintions 
always in with y.e greatest modestly
& indeed they are done to very 
good Purpose 
Vesalius in his answer

178 
to Fallop called Anatomicoums 
Gabrioles Fallopy obervationume 
Examen w.e. was printed at 
Venice 1556 in 4th appears to 
be at y.e Beginning very Sensible
[l???] find himself [illegible]
of Hallpninrs good Breeding in 
almost every Line gradually 
grows angry & at last calls him 
Names
This Book is write in a low sat 
of Scholastic staple very much in
-fenor to what might have been 
expected from a Man of his 
Learning & Parts, but what 
    
     

179
most Surprises me is y.t one 
of so much candour & Inqenily/
as Fallop really was/ should have 
assumes y.e Discovery of Parts
as belonging to him w.e had been 
defenbed by more than one Au
-thor & with whom he was very
well acquanited air is evident from
his frequently grading 'em & this of 
-fener than once; for Instance he 
assumes ye Discovery of the Papuilla
minifero w.e as was already hunted 
belongs to Galen & Caspus men
-tioned by Benedictions & Achillion

180
-us & afterwards assumed by 
Nicholaus Massa most of whose
Book he frequently mentions 
& grades Carpus not too Passages
before He takes no notice
of Cyloring nor Columbus Cyre
niacusor Works perhaps he never
saw tho' y.e. Author was dead 
& tho' Columbus Books he 
must have read considering y.e 
small Distance behorist Padna
& Rome & more particularly 
since he was exceeding cusions
Man yet it may be supposed

181
that his Book was ready in 
557 & Columbus' not [??blisheed] 
two years after He behaved 
no Body would deny him y.e Ho
-nour of Discoveries he was so 
Sensible belonged to him w.e take
to be ye Reason for him not once 
naming other of 'em for looking 
on his Book as then already 
published

182             
Chap 6th of    
Bartholomous Euslachius 
he was Rival & Contemporary with
y.e former had a considerable 
Reputation & was Professor 
of Anatomy at Rome where 
in teaching as he confesses him
-self we find him commended 
greatly by- some as a 
Man from whom a complete
system of Anatomy might 
soon be expected in y.e year 1563 
or 2 years after y.e Publication
      

183
of Fallop observations: He 
prints his [op??sula] wherein
he assumes many of Fallopene'
Discoveries having also some
of his own & both common
to 'em & former anatomisls 
of w.e last sort is there Pretension
to y.e stapes a delivered above
This Words are as follow
Egocentric seis me need education 
neg monitum fuisse abahgue 
must antegnam Sensbount so 
colum houisse Romo [non???]
offendised alez in Our [incidemd??]

184
[???se] To all w.e he adds a
Solemn Declaration calling God to 
Witness for y.e Health there of
He has prevented Great in y.e
Discover of Vlusenlus orbicularies Vagina willis
in y.e Newus accesssories & a great 
many there
His Pictures are nothing comprar
-able to Velalius as to pertaining
but to learn y.e Structure] of ye
Parts of a dead Body are much
better; for Vesalinus makes all 
y.e Muscles contained as in a
living Body in the Preface
    
     

185
to his opuscula he tells us he  
had 48 Tables Are inceso multo
prins parato wherein is deli
-neated a Description of most 
parts of y.e Body faithfully taken
from obs.
These Plates lay burned for y.e
Space of 150 years untill y.e
714 Lancise y.e Popes Phy
-sician having orders from his 
Hotlines to Search for 'em found 
Published 'em with or Text of 
his own/ the Authors being
   

186
lost by y.e by is very defec
-tive & frequently erroneous
This Discovery stirred up 
great Dissension among Ana
-tomists because there they says
most part of y.e modern Dis
-coveries were printed but y.e 
principal Dispute turned 
upon this where there y.e great
est honour was due to em
flachins or Fallop seeing all 
y.e Parts were here set down 
we y.e caller names

187
Eusachius says himself in his 
Trealise de Verna Line parie
that he had caused to be delineated 
us Communication of with y.e Vein
in 1552 wherefore says his 
Pathgams time in his Preface
he says his Plates were multo
prius parato & here expressly 
says this Fig: was done 1552 
that multo prins must refer
to that same year
Hence they make 'em all 
his proper Discoveries

188
At this Rate they were 9 years done
before y.e Publication of Fallopeanous
obs But y.e Caller's Followeas on 
y.e [oy?] Hand alledged impossible
he would learn any Thing from 
Euslachius himself who saw
Fallop obs: before his opusula 
were published does not complain
of injustice done after Fallopnons
Book & consequently he must
have borrowed from it
The naming 1552 & musto [pri??]
being purposely done to deceive
      

189
People & indeed every where 
thro' his opuscula he says such 
& such Parts are but known
to y.e Diligentions Anatomic
by w.e I think he could have 
meant none else but Fallop
who has very well described 
these parts to w.n Euslations then 
applyed this Phrase
Now after examining Goth Jides
of y.e Quest impartially I think
that a more probable Conjecture
can be dedenced in one desenbas
& y.e [oy?] defences y.e Parts
 

190
first whence they should both
share y.e Honour due upon [y?]
Acout but besides y.e Honour 
anfing from it, its common 
to both
Euslashins has discovered of his 
own as for Instance y.e Muschnhus
Elevator Laby superions [pro??]
-us & Reckus minor & anterior
Cousperi as its commonly tho'
improperly called w.e however
Galen has also 
Thus we have finished or done
with these 5 great Men con

191
-temporaries vir Vesalinus Syl
-vius Columbus Fallop & 
Euslachius who have done more
to Anatomy than all [oy??] from
Galens Time to theirs
Chap 7th of 
Leonarous Bolallus [illegible]
Coiler eidus vidins Julius [illegible]
Arabhus Conslant Vanolus 
Julius Tassolimus To: Leona
Folise Plalerus Arile Pico
-thominus & Calliar Ban



192
-himus
About 2 years after Euslachiues had
published his opurscala Leonhandus Bo
Aallas y.e Peedmonle published his 
Trealife  on y.e Foramen ovale whose 
use he was then ignorant off 
calling it Venabriscllr
-terianun 
He's falsy esteemed y.e Discoveries of 
it; for Sylouies knew it before 
him & Galen long before either 
who gives y.e best Discription
of it where of Vanhoun is sen
sible; for after Balallus De
-sesiption he gives us Galen's 

193
at y.e Foot of y.e Page                                  
About a year after hine Volcharus
Coiter of Groningear Professor
of Anatomy at Noremberg who 
in a Trealife of y.e Bones
of y.e Folus is much more
difficult & manageable his subject tho
much better Purpose than any before him
He describes y.e Cavity of y.e Tym
panum y.e Cavernous Substance of 
y.e Bones of y.e Ear & has 
for his proper Discovery y.e Mus
-culus Corugator/from him called/ 
Coiler
About this time lived

194 
Vidns Vidius of Florence whose
Works notwithstand were not pub
lished 'till long after
The Edit w.e I have is printed
in 1611 & seems to have been y.e
first by his Grandson publishing
it without making mention of 
any [oy?] before it & besides
telling us y.t y.e Grand Father
died in 1567 & notwithstanding 
they were not published it appears
that Ingrassias had seen
'em; for he frequently quotes 'em 
& perhaps [oy?] had seen

195
'em also; who 'tis to be presumed 
would thence call any Discoveries
notwithstanding w.e. his y.e. first
that gives exaclty y.e Description
of y.e os Palali w.e. he pre
-vents Mr Wilslow in w.t y.e 
different parts of y.e. Ethmoid
& sphenoid Bones His Language 
is behavial y.e flond & low way 
of writing or behavial elgloues
& Follop He is an exceeding 
candid Author giving always y.e
Author's Name in Margin from 
whom he has taken y.e smallest 
Tuffle

196
From this his Candour alone we
may w.t. Difficulty conclusive w.t. 
Time he write for we have no
[oy?] help to direct us/ since 
we find he quotes none after
Euslarhins Hence must have
write behavors y.e year 1563 
/wn. y.e opusculum was published
& 1567 w.n. he died
He also is y.e first excepting 
Euslachius after Vesaluies who 
gives calls of his own where of
he was 78 w.e. tho' they are

197
not altogether so good as Vesaluis
there is none of 'em borrowed 
but all originals 
About this Time flourished
Julius Casar [C????es] Pro
-fessor of Anatomy at Bolog
-na in Italy who in 1578 pub
-lished a Treatise on y.e. Hu
-man Folus w.e w.t. Noditionus 
& some [oy?] Anatomical 
Tracks came out again in 
1595
He's y.e first who deduces y.e. 
menshna from a Plethora 
He describes y.e Chorion cover

198
ing y.e producing covering is lagenta y.t Buysih 
lately assumed to himself
He also describes first y.e Mus
-cule appeniendes Palpebrarum
& takes from Fallop y.e. Dis
covery But Avirennia prevented 
both
He describes y.e. Venhiculi Laryn
-gis y.e. Duclns in y.e. Teshicle
commonly called / thorsally/They 
Fighmore's Duci y.e. Ductnes 
venosns also y.e. Musculi oblurores
externi indicator & y.e. Lar
-ounding y.e. lagina attributed

199
to De groof His Book is written 
in low Latin After this 
/about 1570 its not easy to 
determine y.e. exact Time
y.t Authors wrote so as 
to class 'em thereby besides some
contained very long publishing 
from time to time perhaps
upwards of 40 or 50 years 
as did Brolan [R????] & 
nor can be exact in y.e. Date
of every Discovery Authors mul
-tiplying so fast publishing

200
fast many Editions of Books
in every one of w.r. Their's perhaps
something differing from all
[oy?] Hence y.e. to give a
very exact History one must
have read every one of those
Editions w.e as I can't pretend
to do so y.e must expect there 
will be [shi?] from y.e. Defec
tion of this Audit & my Me
-mory
About 2 years after y.e in
Edit of Anatius Thealife Con
-slantinus Variolas of Bono
-nia published his Anatomical 

201
Works live de Resolution 
Corponis Human Live but dying
before they came out To: Bap
-tista Corilemus had 'em commented
to his Care/ wherein are several 
Discoverices as of y.e Valves of 
y.e. Colon. He's ye first
who divides y.e Brain into diffe
-rent parts & y.t Division holds 
to this Day
He decribes very exactly y.t pro
-tuberant part of y.e. Brain
called from him Pons Varoly
as also y.e Plexus Choroides
 

202
w.e tho' very prettily delineated
long before by Euslachins yet
as his Pictures were not then
discovered he could have [crossed out] [crossed out]
[crossed out] [crossed out] [crossed out] noted 
-vantage from 'em
About this Time wrote Julius 
Jassolinus of Sicily who pub
-lished Institutiones Anato
-mica in 1514 He corrects [oy?]
but adds nothing worth notice 
of his own
To: Biphisla Carcanus 
Leonis first gives an acurate


203
Descriptions of y.e. Veins &
Nerves of y.e. Penis & describes the pupage between
y.e. right & left Ausicle as of 
an oval Form whence it got
y.e name of Foramen ovale
I ought here to bring in 
Felix Platenus Professor at 
Basile who as a Physician
had no despicable Character
He has write a theahum 
Anatomicam but seems to 
have been no practical Ana
-tomist so we can't expect
any Discoveries from him
     

204
is only compiling from [oy?]
Some years after this 1586/ 
Archangelus Picollmi
-nus originally of Herrara pub
-lihed his Anatomy wherein
The evidently skews himself to have
been a practical Anatomist
& a good one too whatever Riolan
& [oy?] have asserted to y.e. con
-trary
He first dishinguishes y.e Brain
into ye Cinenihous & medullary 
Parts He also de
-scribes y.e. Valves or y.e. Colon


205
& tho' it has been done also by
much elder Anatomists get 
for a long Tulpius w.t. some 
& Banhimus w.t. [o??] had
y.e Honour asenbed to 'em
He very exactly gives y.e.
origin & Ramification of y.e.
Spermatic Vessels reasoning very
justly thereone- flu book of [pr?????] is
very [???p] my/or understanding 
is [l?n????]
A little after this or in y.e.
1588 Caspar Banhi
-nus published y.e. Edit of y.e.
Theahum Anatomicum w.e he 
lived to reprint several Times 
To every one of y.e Edition

206  
he makes considerable additions
There y.e values Coli commonly
going under this Name do not 
belong to him but to Varolius 
Altho' there are no Discoveries 
here yet its claimly a very use
-ful Book especially to any 
who has a mind to know 
what y.e ancients said upon
any particular Subject; for 
he helps Sibvius Names & in
y.e Margin gives those of Galen
& Vesalius & doing justice to 
every Body by fairly quoting

207
y.e Passages at y.e Fool of every
Page w.n he borrows any 
In short tho' no great Improved
-[crossed out] he seems to be an exceeding
candid honest man & very labou
-ous there's nothing retains his 
name but y.t value of y.e Colon
w.e as I said before does belong
to him tho' he protest he did not 
know of any Bodies desenibeing 
it before
Soon after this to Poslieus 
of Gareheim who tho' over looked
by some yet has prevented sever
-als in his Discoveries

208 
He gives a more exact De
scription of y.e Penis- than 
any & has prevented Cowran I 
suppose in y.e Dragamrick 
Muscle of y.e lower jaw
In y.e Edit of Columbus Works
printed in y.e year 1590 & 93
he gives us some Auditions 
w.e as they consist mostly
of morbid cases preterminal 
apperances & Luscu Nahno 
I pass 'em over
In y.e year 1598 Severinus
Pinaus a very formed surgeon 
& Practitioner published a little
Book at Paris instilled [op??s]

209
-calum Anatomium Phys 
ologicum where these are no 
remarkable Discoveries & y.e Plates
are taken from
Andreas Laurentius cheif
Physician & Counsellor to Henry 
y.e 4th of France/ better known
by y.e Name Laurent/who first 
published his anatomical Works
on Royal Paper w.t Fignese
w.e he thought afterwards to 
cancel Here he skews 
himself not to have been a 
practical Anatomist for w.e he
makes his Excuse y.t being 
[o??ged] constantly to attend on

210
his Maker he had no Time 
for dissecting as indeed his very evident
he could not: Hence no Discoveries
can be expected from him: This Fig.
were mostly borrowed from Vesali
-us & that what were genuine were 
unexpectedly ill done
Historia anatomica is a very learned
Book & necessary for telling one
know y.e opinion of y.e ancients 
concerning y.e use of 
any of y.e Parts together
y.e [Dis??es] these upon w.e for 
y.e most part are mere
Quibbles

211
Chap 8th of           
Fabuicius ab aeuaprend ente
Julius Cassenus Andriannus 
Spigelius Jo Riolannus as
-par Hoffmannus Andreas Libarnias
Peter Paw & Caspar asselliu
-[cross out]
Contemporary w.t y.e last men
-tioned Author lived Fabuicus Ab
Aqrapendente Pupil to Fallon
under whose Eye he was first 
up as he became afterwards
his successor in ye. Professor

212
-ship at Padna
He has made considerable 
Improvements & some Discovery
in Anatomy was y.e first
who has exactly painted y.e
Valves of y.e Veins & is com
-monly called y.e Discover w.e
indeed he's not Galen having
shown 'em & some of 'em being
described by Sylvins
There are some of 'em so bold
as to attribute to him y.e Circu
-lation of y.e Blood that 

he had knowledge there of 
w.w was discovered to him by
Father Paul of Author of 
y.e. Council of Trent
He has given a more ex
-act Description of y.e. Chick
in ovo than any before him
He discovered y.e. Muscules 
ex lernns Mallcoli & is y.e. first
y.t has given y.e Description 
& Figs.. of y.e. Parts of y.e 
Folus 
He never write System 
but confirmed himself to

214
single Farts asy.t of y.e Valves
of y.e Veins de formato Form 
de Aure Auditnes organic 
a list of w.e is at y.e end 
of his [?hy??gical] Works printed 
at Lyden 1722 w.e Book 
you'll know to be a standard
I suppose both for agrumenting 
us w.t y.e Method of operat
-ing practised by y.e Ancients
& those of his own Time 
many Rules of w.e stand good
to this Day
He was succeeded in y.e

215
Anatomical Chair by his 
Pupil
Julius Casserius of 
Placentia who very soon became
his Master's Rival & picking
up y.e same subject w.o he 
did has given us a very ex
-act aud.t. of 'em w.t several 
considerable Improvements
He heats de Lanynge De vore
& giving Sensibus 
He prepared Copper Plates for 
a System of Anatomy but 

216
dying young never left a Comment
to 'em  These Plates are 
in his successor Spnigehus' Anatomy
This only discovery is a small
Muscle of y.e laryna but by his 
Death we are deprived of what 
probably would have been a 
finished Piece if we may judge from 
y.e specimen w.e he has 
given in his Tables
A little after him flourished 
Andrianue Sprgeliew of Brussals 
who had been his Disciple 
& was afterwards his successor
(aa)
      

217
(aa) and Rival heating him [crossed out] ammo grammer
as he had done Fabricius by writing an y.e same 
subject. Ale he ever did news to a Orations, on 4 Jenses
& on y.e Iomation of 4 Price he did not how to
publish, yet we have a large Book of Anatomy in he is 
said take 4 author of ; The History where of is this 
Spigeluis when dying left his papers to Daniel
Bueratius his scholar to publish them Ile imagining 
that it would detract from his protesters name (where of
he was very jealous) to pulish a few papers on [?ffo?] 
-ent subjects, sets about publishing alchole Anatemical 
worth and for that connecting al 9 Books that wore
wrong that time, printed out of wory one ofe them, what    
was most it for his purposes without overseeing any 
one of them hence making up a system, He had also 
someway or other come by Performers Figures 
he put into ik But not being equal to such a [??s??]
understanding purely out of age and Tolios Hiaster;s characte
-ture, thinking piercley for him some services, but
He on contrary does him a great cut of [P???chief]
not only by something some [??l???d??a], but also by
using codtice done together, by he opens a Door
to aproach him, & to displume him of what was
things, as hindered John Beolameales after which
y.e Book is left very imperfect, & Bierelitooh
it so ill, so that he ordered of a Monaslery & died
of a broken Heart: ucl Amibiani [sis??e?]
O Jahann is Mosanis [illegible] flourished
about this time He was a great man, and        

& of great parts being a fine Greek and 
Latin Scholar, of a noble sprit, & a dexlrous 
Defactor. He had always a great number of Scholar 
condemed long as an author, he wrote from the begin
of ye 17 century till ye year 1649, when he published
his large Anatomicas Horms or Anthropographia 
hence he declaims all his other [illegible] except his 
[illegible] At first he was tolerably modest least 
being afterward much followed aflatted he became
intolerably proud in so much that in his preface
not being contents to flung dirt [illegible] his contem-
-poraries, he wrote [illegible] treatise upon all 
discoveries that was published by way of Anamadever
sion, insulating that nobody had any knowledge
but himself and always cared 4 discvariestons 
Ameitages and yet for all that there are but some
trifles in his own Book he can claim for his 
own discoveries, suych as is Party Appendices as if
end of it Reetam. In it Proembuim of his Book 
there is a pretty concieve History of Anatomy only allowing 
for his snarly temper, for he searcely speatus a good 
word of any one. He scornes Hippocrates Actions
of the Bones. He attaches peequet is ye Discovery
of ye Recoplacrlum chyh afirmining thus another
five than what he assigns it. I mentioned his taking 
Spigeliuo to task, Asides there are left them use
more whom he attacks He also stood out long
against the circulation, but a total being 
[con??eed] by
 

by plain sample Experments, he at Prolgranta
it but not in Harvage method. He says that the 
Blood was taken up at ye extremities of it Pesels
for nourishment tho' he was given lour of this
he had still some objections therefore his next refugage
was to give it to some other then starvey he 
relually did. After some manner he behaved
to Wirts languios who wrote him a veril eiol and
obliging Lgller where in hear his opinion of the 
Pancreatic Duet 04/10 he had discovered and received
for answer that 2/11 honour of Discovery was use 
to Fallopnis who in a small obseravtion bound 
up 12/w his institutions matches mention of a small 
Canal running from ye Coneave [pe??] of ye gives
to us Drephragm 03/w he will from we this, tho'
but that very circumstance it appears to have been
a synphiotic in symphedics were not known
at that time
We may observe that all this time Anatomy
was only cultivated in Italy France & the 
adjacent countries, as in alulzentand, and if
shirts of germany, but about this time it 
spread itself to 4 more northern parts and 
particularly Denmark where
Caspar Bartholnie Dane flourished 
viz 6th 1611 when he published his

Institutions Analgomica 9th/10 contain & (b)

217
Caspar Banholine Dance flourished
[crossed out] [crossed out] [crossed out] 
viz about 1611 when [crossed out] he published his not
crossed out] [crossed out] [crossed out]
[crossed out]
He published his Inshihinoes 
Anatomic w.e contain nothing
worth being particular about 
They were frequently reminded 
by his son Thomas whose ad
-ditions in y.e Edit were 
put behavoral croschels w.e how
-ever make y.e most consider
-able part of y.e Work or Book
After this he retired altogether 
from Anatomy being made

218
Professor of Divinity in y.e un
-versily of Coenhagen
About this Time lived Caspams 
Hoffmanus Professor at 
All for a Man of considerable 
Learning who was well acquainted
w.t y.e ancients but then so be
-gotten to 'em y.t he could not 
allow 'em to be contradicts
He seems to have learned Ana
-tomy more by reading than writting
However by some is ascribed 
to him y.e Discovery of y.e man 

219
-reatic Duct
This he disputes w.t Wirtzun
-gives tho' if I am believe there's any
Ingenuity in Wirtzanguis is he has 
no tittle to it; for Wirtzanguis 
in a Ler he writes to Riolan 
says he already write to Hoffman
his former Master to get his opi
nion about its use w.e would
have been pretty large faced 
had any of Hoffman's asser
-tions been time who mentioned 
y.t he had skewed it to Wirtzm

220
-gives in a Turkey Hen & we
have pretty strong Presumptions
for y.e Truth of this; for no 
less than Tho' Bartholine 
says y.t a gentleman whose 
credit he might depend upon
told him y.t he saw it in 
company w.t y.t very Wirtzangins
demonstrated by Hoffman in 
1615. His Book is valuable 
for containing y.e opinions 
of y.e Ancients particularly 
y.t of Galen whose Follower

221
he very jealously was & also
became very viperous & envious 
of y.e glory of his contempories
The following Author I men
-tion not because an Anato
-mist but for his having found 
out y.e transfusion of the 
Blood w.e Expermentem
-ployed almost all Anatomists
in Europe in y.e year 1660 
being then most unjustly ascribed
to Lower; for Andreas Liba
-vius y.e Alehymrst has 

222
it in as express Terms as any
y.t came after him tho' lower 
by restoring it was long esteemed
its Discoverer notwithstanding 
y.t sir Chistopher when 
one of y.e Insulators of y.e
Royal Society had in y.e year
1646 or 14 years before Lower
in a public Paper propsosed
it to y.e gentleman of Gresham
College as an Experiment 
worth their Notice
Peter Paw of Amsterdam

223
Professor at Lyden was a Man 
of y.e greatest Character
While alive he published nothing
but a succenturialum ana
-tomicam w.t Explanations
upon colors for tho' he had 
published several Books but 
he died before they were ready
In this Book there's no
-thing extraordinary his Figs being
for y.e most part taken from 
Vesalius & his Descriptions are 
but indifferent

224
In y.e year 1622 y.e Lacteals
were discovered by Casprains
Asselius who being a very mo
-dest Man does not assume 
'em but frankly gives 'em
to Erasishlus whereas in 
my opinion tho' what he 
says may bear y.e Interpreta
-tion yet since they are only
in a Kid & y.t Galen after 
-wards gerotes y.e Passage to 
refuse his opinion & as 
none of y.e Authors y.t ever 

225
consulted him gave y.e Interpre 
-tation to y.e Passage w.e there
they never believed there was 
any Thing in it & we may 
very justly pronounce
Asellius y.e Discoverer
The great gland in y.e Mesen
-tery of a Dog is called Pancreas
Mielly from him
A few years after this another 
very great Discovery was made
in Physic before w.e there 
could be no sure Reasoning 
   

226
in y.t at & he without all 
Doubt who convinced y.e World
of it was our very learned 
Country man Dr Harvey tho'
some have been to malicious 
as to deprive him if they could 
of y.t honour particularly 
He is in yet Auta Hassn
-centria who endeavouras to prove
y.t y.e Circulation was known
near 200 years ago 
  

227
Book 4th
From Harvey's Time until
y.e Foundation of y.e Royal 
Society at London
Chap iv of 
Doctor William Harvey
Harvey was Physician to 
Charles y.e iv & Professor of 
Anatomy & Surgery in London
where in his Lectures he first
acquainted y.e World w.t his Dis
-covery of y.e Circulation be 
  

228
-fore he published any Thing
thereon about 7 or 8 years
w.e was first at Frankfort
in y.e year 1628 but came 
afterwards to be reprinted 
in England w.t Additions 
immediately upon his Broach
-ing this new Doctrine 
In a very short time all y.e
Anatomisls in Europe setup 
either to defend or gainsay it 
The way they look to oppose
it were either by [crossed out]

229
denying it inlively for w.e they
produced influnces from y.e
ancients/ of these they might
have very great numbers or 
also from some contradictions 
they pretend to find in at & tally
w.n there was no [oy?] way 
to give it to [oy?] in w.e to 
Antonides Vander Linden
& almelor were his greatest
Antagonists y.e taller in his Inven
-ta nova & antiguce & y.e

230
former in a Trealife write for 
that Purpose pretend to give 
it to Hipp & y.e ancients
Some of their arguments
I hinted at Before; for Hipp
says to Soua Kukn ese
our Body is a Circle w.e ob-
jection I answered already
Of old y.e liver was made 
y.e visens asua torrory tikov & they
maintained y.t the Blood there
purified was sent out by y.e 2
cavo most going to y.e Veins 

231
but some to y.e Heart from 
y.t to y.e Lungs where it was 
farther elaborated & formed
into I know not what fine 
other w.e was forced into  y.e
Arteries to nourish enliven
& invigorate y.e Body
That this was y.e use of the 
Arteries according to 'em & also
to Erase is evident from 
their imposing y.e name ['ap???a] 
on y.e vessels from their office 
w.e is derived from 'ayp & 

232
& tmpew Tevo/hence Tpaxeia
'ap Typia have been given to 
y.e Wind Pipe from its con
-taining Air/tho' some by 
Sketching his Words drawing
from 'em what would serve
their Purpose would make
'em acquainted w.t y.e Cir
-culation; for say they as he 
knew y.e Valves of the
Heart & their uses he must
have known y.t after

233
y.e Blood was got into y.e
Pulmonary Artery whence at 
would not return back it must
then go into y.e Pulmonary Vein
& from hence to y.e left Ventricle
Thus they make out a plain
Circulation tho' this as well 
as all [oy?] objections he had 
y.e Pleasure of seeing given 
up by y.e far greater Part
of his Contemporaries
Some however kept particular 
References w.e they had no

234
mind to give up at all 
to any reasoning.
Another opinion whereby they 
intended to deprive Harvey of 
his Honour is y.t Michael
Sewehus who in 1555 having 
write a Book called Chrishia
-inissimo Resolves where 
-in he maintained amongst 
[oy?] here trial Dodmines that 
there was no such Thing as
a Family for w.e in y.e same 
year he was burnt at Gene

235
-va by y.e Instigation of Calvin
y.e famous Reformer w.t as 
many of his Books as could 
be got whence it is that there
are so few of 'em to be got
in Europe tho' by good such 
we have one in this Library
wherein he compares y.e Fi
-naly to y.e 3 juices of y.e Body 
y.e Blood Phlegm & spt 
He says y.t this being sent 
from y.e right Ventricle to y.e

236
Pulmonary Artery passses tho' 
y.e Lungs where it receives
considerable changes & re
-turning impregnated to y.e
left venticle w.t its other
it goes into y.e Aorta & to y.e
parts of y.e Body
Here we find him leaning too much
to y.e ancient Doctrine of y.e
fine other neither does he 
mention how y.e find Blood
is returned nor whether in a 
continued or discontinued sheam

237
Columbus is another to whom
y.e Honour of y.e Circulation is 
given & indeed he comes so near
y.e Truth that if you'll only 
read his Chap de Pulmonibus 
you could swear that he had 
it plainly set down; for he has 
commented on servetres' opinion
a ding something to it & gives
very evidently y.e use of y.e
Valves of y.e Heart But in 
his Chapter de Hepale he ap
-pears to be a Rank Galen

& relapses into y.y old opinion
about y.t disus forcing y.e Blood
to all y.e Parts of y.e Body this
telling us know y.t neither he 
nor sowelns knew any Thing 
but conjecture in y.e affair
whence we may conclude y.e 
honour iam never belong to 'em
Another who lived about 3 years 
after y.e former or 1593 [crossed out]
 [crossed out] [crossed out] [???dzas]
Celalpimus who comes still

(a) thus I have just it in the 
Strongest light it can bear, bust
for want of a few more particulary
it comes short of it Truth, for he 
asserts that part of it Blood is sent
from it 4 Page Authors of it Veins 
to nourish it parts
HB later their in as you need 
an curfew.

a great Deal nearer the 
Truth; for he says y.t y.e Blood
coming from y.e Vena Cava
goes into y.e Pulmonary atery then 
[illegible] into y.e left [???cle] is at length
thought into the Aorta whence 
after performing a Course 
tho' y.e Body it refreshed by y.e
Veins to nourish y.e Parts
Again that not keeping one 
equal sheam or continual 
motion it passes only from
4 Arteries to 4 Veins when we are acuative
& from

240
y.e. veins in Time of sleep
retaining y.t. opinion whereby 
they imagined it was changed 
in its nature
Some attribute y.e. Discovery
to as agnapendente who knew 
y.e. valves of y.e veins & who
consequently could not think
otherwise but y.t. y.e. Blood
went from y.e. smaller to y.e
larger trunks of y.e veins
'Tis true indeed he knew

241
so much but it's as true he 
never discovered such a thing
tho' some day y.t he could if he
durst for being in a Catholic
Country made his affraid of 
undergoing y.e Puishment y.t 
Galileo suffered some have assended
y.t Father Paul Author of 
y.e. Council of Trent discovered 
not only y.e valves to to aquaprem
-dente but y.e. circulation to 
Harvey; but since they who 

242
said they would prove this asser
-tion have failed we can't assesibe
y.e. Discovery to him
[??ddart] told Vander Lindin 
that Harvey had confessed him
-self y.t George Heriot Foun
-der of y.e. Hospital of his 
name in this City/ first spoke
of y.e. Circulation to him & 
he made some Experiments 
on it & found it to be so 
This Vander Linden pub
        
   

a(-a)       Some assent Chinese were
Taheing      acquanted 1h/10 y.e circulation
             four a thousand years ago,l and
             is their Physiciana [illegible] lo fue
             is pulses of Europeans who is [c??] 
             tune & [?oaepea?] a word eh/10 sygnifies
             Circulation, ah/w they said blood
             [illegible] throw, Oh/10 slug [as???ed]
             was c/4 reason fer cir/4 fecting [??clze]
 

243
-lishes & has wddart for his 
Informer but I gave little
credit to this [????ch] [illegible] [???ced] a good
[illegible] [???ian] but little [illegible] [illegible] Anatomy
(a) All y.e former Pretensions 
come infinitely short of the 
Truth or that of Harvey's w.e.
is, y.t y.e Blood rehired by y.e 
Veno Cavo is poured into y.e
might Venticle thence into right
Ventricle & from passed [crossed out]
[crossed out] [crossed out] thro' y.e Lungs
by y.e Pulmonary Artery being

244
resumed by y.e. Pulmonary vein 
into y.e left auricle form thenice
into y.e left ventricle & is im
-mediately sent into y.e. [?o?la] to 
y.t. it passes thro' all y.e Body 
to y.e most extreme Branches
of y.e. Arteries driven for-
wards in a constant sheam
by their Pulsahon being taken
up thence by y.e corresponding 
venous tubes every Drop 
of it except what goes 


245
into y.e Exretories or y.e Nou
-rishment of y.e Body is re
-turned again to y.e Heart by 
y.e. Cavo w.t a constant rapid
perpetual Motion tho' Dr.
Harvey was Author of y.e great
-est Discovery y.t perhaps
ever was made yet this is 
not all we owe him for he
has given us very exact
& minute Aud.t. of all y.e
Parts of a To he's when

246
very young in w.e he has
exceeded aqnaprendenle by much
& not only him but also Mal
pighius & Bellini much later
Authors then himself & it seems
very strange y.t none of these
gentleman should ever have 
seen Harvey's Book of w.e. 
its impossible but they must
have heard; for besides y.t it 
would have made y.e Work 
earlier it also would have me
      

247
-vented Bellini from falling 
into gross Blenders
In short it far impossible all 
y.t have since appeared on 
y.t subject
In his Preface to his Book he 
also promises a History of y.e 
generation of subjects w.e to 
out no small loss never 
came to light for his Papers
were lost in y.e Civi Wars for 
he being Physician to y.e [???o]
much his favorite & having

248
tasted so many different ways
his Royal Master's Bounty
for not only at this Expense
was he subjected w.t all sorts
of animals for his Dissections 
but also had y.e. Liberty allowed
to take as many Deers out 
of Richmond Park as he 
pleased whereby he was enabled
to make such acurate obs: on
y.e different states of y.e little
animal Folws at different 
Distances of Time from condition
    

249
He was also frequently honoured
w.t y.e. Royal Prefence at his
searches: Hence I say no Wonder
he stuck to close to y.e. He
in his Dispels on w.e aud.t.
he was so much harrassed 
by Cromwells Party & being
broke & missed his Papers among
[oy?] Things were taken away
In their stead however he 
promised observations theoretica
practice w.e I never saw nor
do I know if ever they were pub
lished

250             
Chap 2nd of
Baptista Plempius to Vos
-lingus Worlzungues Cosileus 
Folus Antonides Vander 
Linden Conradus Victor Albertus
Typenus & Mancus Auretius 
Sevenineas
Contemporary w.t Harvey was 
Baptist Forhnalus [Pem??] 
who published Anatomical Treats
where of y.e most esteemed is 
that instituted [o??] thalmographi

251
wherein nothing new as to y.e
Structure of y.e Eye is 
to be found
This invaluable for y.e explication
of y.e Functions & uses of y.e 
Parts w.t y.e Dieases they are 
incident to
He was an opposen to Harvey
in y.e Circulation We have
spoken of y.e School at Padena 
where all along there never
have been wanting famous Men
since Vesalives Days & indeed 
even to this Day it has kept

252
its Character as fertile of pro
ducing great men where of & 
of no mean name is Jo; Ver
-slingius in y.e anatomical
chair at Padna annoible 
he write a little compend of 
Anatomy where in tho' there
are no Discoveries y.e subject
is very available handled & 
prettily ranked in a most
exact order & w.t all in a 
most elegant neat stile
About a year after him 

253
Wirtzungius Bavarus 
or Batavus found out & 
described y.e. Pancreatic Duct
Tho' as I told y.e before his Master
Hoffman disputes it w.t him
w.e controversy as I can't decide
so ibes certain he publishes no 
-thing and being killed be
fore his Discovery of y.e Ducts
Pancreatius was published 
by a Bravo standing at his 
own Door at Padrea 

254
The common story is y.t it
was done by some Anatomists 
who were engaged in the Honour
there of. But I thing Mor
-gagni in his adversaria has
made it evidently appear it 
was upon some private Luar
-zel of his own
About 3 years after him 
or in 1645 Cosilius Follins 
published a Treatise instituted 
Auns in term Delineationova
of upwards of 400- 410

255
Pages w.e after searching for 
along Time to no Purpose
& sending commissions both
to France & Holland I found
it at Length in a Tobaconists 
Shop bound up w.th some [oy?]
Things
You have there described y.e 
small long process of y.e Malle
-olus commonly ascribed to 
Jo Jacob Raw From him
unusually its called Procossus 
Ravimiames 
Folins Audit of it

256 
is hanscribed by Bartholine
in one of ye his Epislles he 
having formerly sent him a De
-scription of it w.t its Deli
-neation: He published also 
several [oy?] traits as de corde
He in none of w.e is there 
anything remarkable
Much about this Time flourished
To: Antom Vander Linden who
made a considerable Fig 
& was a Man of great 
learning particulary of the 
     

257
ancients He wrote a 
large 4 to called Medicina
Physiologica where he very 
readily displays his Learning
on y.e animal oconomy 
Here tho' there's little in y.e. Ana
-tomical way yet its certainly
very useful in reading old 
Authors leading us into the 
Elymologies Definitions & 
Acceptations of y.e Words
Some time after him 
Conadus Victor Schmeider

258
is Author of 3 or 4 4to Vols
w.e as Boer used to say had
they been contained in as many 
Pages would have been an 
excellent Book; but its 
intolerable. He remarks some 
part of y.e Membrane called 
from him Membrana Schnei
-deriana w.t some [oy?] of 
y.e Ethmoid & Syhenoid Bones
not commonly obsewed 
He also writes a Book

259
de Calarrhis & gives a better
Description of y.e Membranes
of y.e Nose than any [oy?] 
before him Ineed hardly 
mention Hypenus who writes
a large dull heavy Book
w.e is nothing but a Collection
of different Authors nor yet
Mareus Aurelius Severi
-nus tho' a famed Surgeon & 
gives a good collection of com
-parative Anatomy under a
Title of Goolomia Democrata He cordtea a 
Historia Anectomica de Aques [???dii] de Cordi
adipe Poris Choledocthis His Geolomica is 
better than any before his time

260
Chap 3rd of
Thos Bartholinus & 
About this Time lived in Den
-mark Thos Bartholinus 
who made a very considerable 
Fig: in y.e teamed World
He was a Man of as deser
-able a Character as one would
with for throughly acquanited 
w.t all y.e Branches of [cross out]
[cross out] Natural History as indeed
w.t almost every [oy?]

261
He was taken notice of w.n 
very young & travelled to Italy
Malta & several [oy?] Places
in Europe whereby he organized 
great knowledge in Anatomy 
one may see a very masterly 
Hand in whatever he does
& was very far from being 
so connected as to take any Dis
-covery to himself
He was of a general good 
corespondence & a very diligent
Anatomist w.e he cultivated

262
not only by his own industry
but by [crossed out] endca
-vousing to excite y.e same 
laudable [??t] in every Body
else & to him we owe what
-ever y.e Danes have done 
Wherein: He seemed to have 
a general Benevolence towards
Mankind & a fine noble
Genuis 
One very generous act of 
his y.e Encouragement he 
gives [crossed out]

26
[crossed out] to y.e German Phy
-sicians to go on briskly in
publishing what they proposed
under y.e name y.e Epheme
-rides
For notwithstanding he had him
-self begun a society of Danes
whose Papers have appeared 
under y.e Name of [Auta??af]
nicentia He very
much contributed to y.e Promotion
of y.t in Germany by sending 
to y.e iv vol very valuable 
Papers in so much that

264 
they owned him for one of 
their main assistants, Fautores
as they call them He had 
also some Hand in forwarding 
y.e Royal Society in England
& in short having much of 
his masters' Ear he imployed
all his Interest in advancing 
Learning for w.e end he pro
-cured noble Halls to be built
for technical Copenha
-gen bringing there y.e Noble 
self & most learned Pro

-fessors he could find to
he [crossed out] he gave magni
-ficent salaries
About this time he had
set out several Editions of 
his Fathers [illegible] ana
-tomica without so much as 
mentioning any additions made 
by himself notwithstanding
as I already told you he made
y.e nost considerable Part of Book
of w.e afterwards under 
his own Name bearing ye 
   

266 
Tittle of Anatomia Reformate
He also write some hundred of 
Epistles w.e passed [be???st] him
& y.e greatest Man then living where
by we are acquainted w.t several
Pieces of private History w.e [oy?]
wise we should never have 
known for instance
Here it is where we are 
first told of y.e Justification of 
Harvey's Learning y.e Circulation
from Paul Jasper who write
y.e History of y.e Council of 
    

267
Trent for say they w.n Harvey
was at Padna he got it from
y.e above Father who became
y.e Pope was then selling or 
endeavouring to settle y.e Inqui
-sition at Venice & fearing 
Galilo as Tale durst publish
no such Discovery the Foolish
-ness of those of that Religion
being such [cross out][cross out] [cross out]
[cross out] [cross out] [cross out] [cross out]
but y.t Harvey coming to such 
a fire country as England
 

268
there published it without con
-trol
This objection has been proved
to be false coming out to be no
more than y.t y.e Venetian Am
-bassador being complimented 
by y.e Author w.t a copy of 
his Book lent it to Father
Paul who for his own use 
made some excerpts out of 
it w.e falling into his Executor's
Hands made all this noise
       

269
wherefore notwithstanding no 
mention is made in his Life
write by Fulgenius nor in 
any of his writing tho' some
have not stuck to assent y.t 
from 'em they would [fel?h]
Proofs y.t he was y.e disco
-verer therof; but they failed
in their attempt tho' he seems
w.t Some Reason to be called
y.e Inventor of y.e Valves of 
y.e Veins at least made

269
'em known to Fabricius 
But to return to our Author
who besides y.e Pieces y.t I have
mentioned published a great many 
whereof there's a Catalogue in 
Vander Linden de Serphis me
-dias
His principle Discovery is of y.e
Lymphatic Vessels whereof also
Rndbeck pretends to be au
-thor & dispendes 'em w.t him 
To whom they do belong

270
is not easy to determine for 
they both pretend to have seen
'em y.e same year & both 
Auro are published 1651
However y.e Probability melones 
to Bartholines side y.e former 
having been his scholar To
w.e add his well known Ho
-nesty 
In y.e Dispute Bartholine 
has by much y.e Heels of Pnd
-beck since y.e one being a 
great Master of Latin
 

272
writes very elegantly while 
y.e [oy?] Scarce makes tolerable
Language But Ingtith
endeavour to robb 'em both 
of this giving it to Falovines
who in a Dissentation in y.e 
Physicians Hall had sever
-al years before y.t heated of 
'me wherefore w.n Bartholine 
was acquainted by a Ler from
Dr. Tylor he in answer there 
to solemnly declares he never

273
had before heard of Folovius
name who it is certain pub
-lished nothing on it
He is also said to be y.e first
y.t delineates & describes
y.e [Re???ptac???] Chap & Tho
-racic Duct in a Human 
Subject; but fails both in y.e
Audt of its Termination 
& situation
This has also been challenged
him of y.e want a further
Audt of these Disputes & 
some [?y?] about y.t Time

274
you'll find 'em a little Book
called Mess is Aurca Anatomica
In y.e year 1651 or 52 To:
Pecquet publishes his audt
of y.e Receptaculum Chapt
& Thoracic Duct & in y.e
year after its claimed by 
Vantorn who by this means
has y.e Disadvantages in being 
a year later in arquanting y.e 
World there w.t w.e is able I can
say towards selling y.e Controvesy
[l??] Eustachines seems to [illegible] kit from [illegible]

275
I know no considerable thing
Pequet has done besides;
To: Van Horn publishes his 
Micro [cossn??s] wherein is nothing
but a short Reputation 
serving as a Remembrance for 
y.e Descriptions of the parts to 
those who have already leaned Anatomy 
About this Time
Doninicus de Marchette Professor
at Padna published a small Trealife
wherein most immeasurable Thing
is y.t he is one of y.e Authors

276
y.t prevent Ruyseh in y.e Dis
-covery of y.e Arteria Bron
-chitis
Before Harvey's Time we 
find y.e British making no attempts
towards y.e Improvement of ana
-tomy for all their writings were 
only Manuseguts from y.e anci
-ents; but after this you'll find
'em making considerable Pro
-gress in so much that they 
were for along Time after
-wards observe. Howevver they 

277
were for a long Time y.e first
Nation in y.e World for the great
men they produced where of 
there are not a few still [crossed out]
The first that made any figure after [???vey] is
Nathaniel Highmore who in 
y.e year 1651 published his Dis
-quisih Anatomica wherein 
he describes y.e Sinus Masella 
-res w.e some say he does before 
any [oy?] w.e however was done 
by Fallop delineated by Vejaliues
& spoke of by [Syb??es]

278
The Duct called Highmores
also is another Discovery they
give him tho' I'm mistaken 
if its not in Ia: Campus
There's an operation in surgery
y.t is commonly given to cowpan
w.e we may justly give him
vir y.e Drawing of a Tooth
& piercing this sinus to let out 
Pus contained therein; for he 
relates y.e Story of a lady who 
having drawn a Tooth & out

279
of sport putting on a Feather
finds a cavity to reach a great 
way in so much y.t she ne
-ver doubted but it had gone
up amongst her Brains upon
w.e he being sent for found
y.t y.e Feather had got into 
y.e sinus & doubted it left whence
tho' we find no direct advice
for such an operation there is 
more said than is sufficient 
to give y.e Hint to a Man
of a less acute genius than

280
Mr. Cooper [cross out]
About this Time Guererus 
Rossinchius publishes a great
Book [cross out] de Kepa 
-te & another de Corde w.e
are nothing but a dull heavy
Collection of what Authors have
said on y.e Same subject 
Another German
Hennicus [Eysso??] who 
writes a Book de ossibus In
-santum [cognos?endis] & [illegible]
w.e subject has been greatly

281
improved since his time first
by Kerkningius in y.e year
1676 & next & best by Ruylsh
He also republishes Coriters
Book on y.e same subject
Having now brot y.e History
of Anatomy down to y.e year
1660 we shall be obliged to 
stop here w.t y.e Characthers
of private Men to give an 
audt of y.e Rise of y.e [?oui]
-[illegible] w.e were begun about this 
Time being institued for the 

282
advancement of Natural know
-ledge whereof Anatomy has
always been reckoned a Branch 
The first of these is y.e 
Royal Society at London

283
Book 5th 
From the Foundation of y.e 
Royal Society to y.e end of the 
7th Century
Chap 1st of 
The several Societys instied in 
this Country & first of 
The Royal Society at London
we look its Rise from a com
-pany of private Gentleman who 
being men of Esslales & Ene
-mies to Cronwel not having

284 
a mind however to engage
on either side did in y.e time
of y.e Wsarpation form them
-selves into a Society amusing 
'emselves w.t Reasercher y.t
might before y.e use of the 
publick
Their Place of meeting was 
at Gresham College The usurpess
being very intelligent soon got
notice there of knowing 'em
to be men of y.e left supt in 
y.e nation became very tea

285
loss of 'em in so much y.t he
set spies among 'em to watch
their Motions w.e they being ap
-priozed off look care by stun
-ing Policies to avoid all 
Cause of Suspicion w.e at
y.t Time was very dangerous
but intisely devoted 'emselves
to y.e making Engines relating 
to natural History & y.e animal
Oconomy 
After y.e Restoration these 
gentlemen who had all along proved
very loyal upon [app?] to 

286   
y.e King were formed into a society 
he empowering 'em to choose
their own members preses se
-cretary & without confining 
'em to any numbers of men 
to act freely being in every thing
independent of himself w.t 
all y.e liberties any society 
could wish at first they 
took care to get into their num
ber all y.e most famous men
in Europe in ever profession
Hence we find malpighines

287
& Levenhork for y.e most
part sending their Discoveries
to the Royal Society where they 
were first published: Having 
received their Patent they begun 
in a few years to publish their 
Works monthly under y.e Name 
of Philosophical Transactions
continuing were since w.t few
interruptions a very pretty abridge
-ment of w.e y.e have done 
by Low thorp & Jones; as spral
gives a most exact audt

288
of their first Rise & insti
-tution having in a few years
gained a very great Character
by y.e valuable Papers there 
contained
All y.e Men of Fig: & 
Learning in Europe endea
-voured to be made Members 
whereby their Papers were
not only more numerous & 
valuable but also had an 
Effect on [oy?] Nations to stirr
up their Emulation to follow

289
their Example 
The Anatomical Discoveries 
here contained are so many y.t 
I don't pretend so much as to
name 'em but refer y.e to y.e 
above mentioned abridgement 
where you'll find a list of 
'em
The principal Anatomists 
are grew Tason Reiton need
-ham [illegible][illegible]
This society was y.e first y.t
having received a Patent published
any Works tho' denied to be                        

290 
y.e first instituted in Europe
Some time after this y.e
Dake of Tuscany who by all 
must have been owned to be 
a great Encourages of Learn
-ing & learned more instituted 
a society under y.e name of 
Academic del Cimento all 
y.t they have ever published came
out in a small Vol 1667
w.e was very well hanslated
by Mr. Waller into our Lan
      

291
guage as afterwards into Latin
by one Mr Massle Brook
Professor at Whecht w.t Notes
containing all y.e improvements 
that have been made on y.e 
several subjects behiviset y.e
time of y.e publication of 
y.e original & his translation
In y.e preface to his Book
they claim the Antignity w.t
y.e Royal Society vir ammo 
1659 [crossed out] not published
In this book also are several

292 
Papers of or upon Anatomy
About one year before y.e
Publication of his book or
in 1666 Lewis XIV TO of 
France at y.e instigation of
Mr Colbert prime minister 
instituted a society at Paris af
-ter y.e Example of y.e English
& much upon y.e same model 
only this was [cross out] restricted
to so many Members & every 
one had his proper province

293
alloted him some vir for 
Chymishy [oy?] for anatomy
Botany & these he endues
w.t cconsiderable sallaries giving 
'em also money to defray their 
charges in making Experi
-ments 
He also farmisted 'em w.t a 
great many insts.. to an immense
value The acade
micians they divided into 3 classes
vir Honorance members pensona
-ries & Eleves w.e last were 
such as got y.e first vacant
   

294  
Places
Notwithstanding their institu
-tion they did nothing regularly be
-fore their Renouvellement in 
1694; for until then every 
Member published his papers
together w.t his [oy?] Works
since w.e Time now they have 
gone on very regulary Perhaps
its these papers before y.e Re
nouvellment w.e Dr. Hamel
in his exceeding pretty abridge
-ment of y.e Historia Acade

295
mia Regia Scioncharam so 
often quotes under y.e name
of acta ipsius academica w.e 
now are printed at Paris in 
14 44 Vols:
The chief in y.e anatomical
way here are Perault [Ma??tte]
Mery Perquet & Dr Verney
& as a proof of their Ex
-actress & y.e the Bounty
They have published an His
-toire naturelle Des animacuse 
w.e certainly a very com

296
plete Piece & in w.e we
find y.e Anatomy of a great 
many very rare animals
procured at y.e Expense
Some after this y.e Germans
following y.e Ex: of oys Na
-tions form 'emselves into a
Society but in this as in most
things they claim the Preference
of Antiquity even before y.t 
of cemento
Saying y.t in 1652 a Company 
of Gentlemany & Physicians

297
met together for y.e improve
-ment of natural philoso
-phy, for to prove w.e they gave
in y.e beginning of their
first Book a speciment 
of a few Papers said then to 
have been write: But they 
had no Patent before 1672 w.e 
they got one from y.e Emperor 
Leonald then they printed their 
iv Vol & called 'emselves Aca
-demcia nature curio forum
since w.e they have frequently 


298
changed their Title iv into 
Ephimeuides germanic & 
now they are called Auta medi
-co- Physica & by retaining 
still y.e name of the Emperor
living their name in Time may 
come to take up a Page
For first they were Leopald then 
Leopold Carolin & 
As they have frequently changed
their Name to have they their
order; for last century they
published a Vol every year
      

299
for ten years then they made
a stop & begun a new again
After this Method they published
30 Vols or 3 Decuna after 
w.e finding they had no Papers
sufficient to furnish out a Folio
vol every year they altered their 
Method & obliged 'emselves to 
publish a Vol whenever they had 
100 Papers ready & to this they 
gave y.e name of Contaria where
of 2 are already published & a 3 
in y.e Press
Here are mostly

300
practical Cases w.t y.e History 
& Description of y.e Plants
Fossils & but few Anatomi
cal ones much fewer in Propor
-tion than in either of y.e Trans
-actions of y.e Royal Society 
a Memories of y.e French Royal
Academie in every one of w.e.
there are Several Discoveries 
in each Vol
In y.e year 1671 Thom Bar
-tholine who as I've hold y.e was
a man of indefatigable Indushy 

301
in improving Anatomy w.t out
y.e assistance of either publish 
Encouragment of Tittle set about 
erecting a Society at Copenha
-gen w.e have supported chiefly by 
his own general Acqnaintance 
their Works came afterwards to 
be published in 410 Vols in 2
Tons w.t y.e name of acta
[Ha??nicentia] Bartholiana & 
indeed they very justly bear 
his name since his own
Papers made up y.e larger

302
Share of y.e Collection; they lasted 
no longer than y.e year 1679
Upon y.e auta Hassinicentia 
being given up one Blegng a 
Surgeon at Paris instituted a 
Work under y.e name of Tables
des osenlape on Nonwells Dis
-convertes sur tout let practices
de la Medicine w.e is better known 
by y.e Name given in y.e Latin
Translation vir lodeavurs medi
-cus Gallicus w.e is in more 
People's Hands being more easily to be 
got their small the Reform whereof

303
probably may be that as origin
als were all published monthly 
a completed copy is difficntly had
the Papers being y.t way very 
apt to be lost
This Society lasted only 2 years 
tho' y.e Latin Editor de la Rorhe 
makes it four
This he does by collecting several 
Papers y.e were at that Time 
wrote in different Parts of France
& Some from y.e Journal de seavans 
ranging 'em in their proper Places
so as to make up a sufficient

304
304 Quantity for 2 years Transactions
In this however there are
few anatomical Papers for Ye
-colaus de Blegney him felt who
was y.e institutor & consequently
obliged to a suit it mainly by his
own Papers being no great
practical anatomist/ tho' a very
good judge in anatomy/ neither
were his correspondents men of 
y.e iv Rank
These are y.e cheif Societys
instituted at this Time in Europe
tho' there came in some

305
Time afterwards to be found 
in different places
2 vor at Bononica [cross out] 
[oy?] at Petersbourgh of w.e in
their proper Places
Chap 2nd of 
The Danes who write behavisel y.e 
1660 & 1680
Now I retain to y.e private Men & 
after this to avoid confusion I'll keep by
those of each nation ranging them 
among 'emselves & as I left off
w.t y.e Danes who about this 
Time have made a pretty good

306
appearance as y.e Supt infused
into 'em by Bartholine who may
justly be called y.e Life & Soul
of y.e Danes since neither before
nor after have they had any 
name among learned Men & 
here I'll make an End of each
Author's Character all at once
notwithstanding their writings
& Discoveries may have appeared
at considerable Distances
Olaus Wormius Professor
at Copenhagen who was a very

307
learned Man particularly a great
Natural Historian 
He publishes his Musoum 
of natural History wherein are 
some anatomical pieces but very
few amongst w.e he has y.e ofsa 
Thiqnetra commonly believed to be
his Discovery Therefore tho' very 
unjustly they have got y.e Name 
of ofsa Wormiana if by that 
they would signify their Discovery
'Tis true indeed they were 
neglected by Authors for 50 

308
or 60 years got they are taken
Notice of by above 12 Authors
before him particularly Vesaliues
who both delineates & describes
'em Enslashius has 'em too 
in his Chap de Moter Caprites w.e
Discovery Bartholine too gives 
him not only in his Epistle but 
in his Anatomia reformata where
at I in much surprised
He has some Papers in y.e 
Acta Hassnicentia wherein there

309
is nothing remarkable
Simon Pauli was long famed
for fine while skelletons & at length
in a Paper given in y.e acta
Hassciantia where he divulges y.e 
whole Mystery
It comes out to no more than 
exposing 'em a Winter to y.e Inpro
-nies of y.e Weatehr & snow 
His Paper is instituted de 
albicandis ossibus w.e is com
-monly bound up w.t Lysems' 
Caller Anatomicus

310
Another Dane was Nicolaus Nero
whom I take to have been one
of y.e greatest anatomists of y.e
age. He write but little & all 
in small tracts vir one on y.e
glands another on y.e glands of 
y.e Month, on y.e Brain fibres 
of y.e Heart in every one of 
w.e there are Discoveries y.e 
greatest consequence, of w.e is
ye Duct of y.e Parotid gland 
bringing spittle into y.e Mouth 
w.e he's justly esteemed y.e 

(a)  
Oligensius Jacobius celebrated
Jorhis Natural History de Nunis
Laceleste and most opohut he wrote
are end caller pepers oyt 
Acta Hajinicersine. __Aci observations
Rems accd only one published 
a part

311
Author off 
To him also is asenibed y.e Duct
conveying y.e Vilellum into y.e
Intestines of y.e Chick w.e is 
disputed him by Needham tho' 
y.e plain matter of Faith is 
that it belongs to neither of 
'em
Corters' defenbing it very exactly
in his Vegesima Inspectic ovi
w.e he again hints at in y.e 
42nd
About this Time Caspar Bar

312
holene son to Hieines made acion
-sciderable Fig.. even in his fathers teletime
his Discover of y.e Ducts of 
y.e. sublinguary glands is differented
him by Rrverinis a Professor 
in Germany & y.e Controversy comes  
much to y.e same as y.t of 
his Father w.t Rubeck about
y.e Lymphatics for here also 
both published their Discoveries
much about y.e same Time & 
its very Difficult to 
determine w.e of them they

313
belong to: However Authors
call 'em vel Ravin vel Bar
tholin He dcrendes Diaphegam now exactly
then had beenformerly done & ques a define
of his manner of preparing & parts of the Body
I shall bring the Michailoy
ferus tho' no Dane/ but a Ger
-man/ because he himself ownes
y.t from Thos Bartholine he 
learned all y.e Knowledge in 
Anatomy under whose Eye he
dissects a considerable Time 
He afterwards published his culter 
Anatomicus wherein he very 
elegantly lays down his 
 

314
Method of raising y.e More ex
ternal Parts to come at what
by below & it were to be wished 
that this subject was more fre-
quently made use of 
He seems chiefly to be destitute
of y.e Directions Bartholine 
used to give his scholars
Here he first gives names to 
the Carprus & Tarsus w.e are 
absolutely necessary for y.e better
understanding & remembering 'em
an exacter Description of y.e


315
Lactcal Sac & Duct than any 
Body who went before him
Ja Folovius who write a 
fine Batruca Anatomica
These are all y.e Danes who 
lived in this Fine vir 1660 & 
1680 I next take a view 
of y.e Eng amongst whom y.e 
Spt inspired by Harvey lasted a 
long Time & now no Nation 
in Europe makes a more con
-siderable Fig: than they 

316 
Chap 3rd of 
The English Authors who write
near about this Time
The first of whom is 
Dr. Gbisson who wrote
Treatises on y.e most of y.e
Viera as y.e liver Stomach
& Intestines w.e are all stand
-ards containing as Rules for
all who have wrote on these
Subjects to this Day & are what
y.e systematic writers cop

317
-py commonly verbatine
There's one part w.w still
retains this name vir captula 
Glissoniana 
Contemporary w.t his is
Dr. Tho: Wharton who in 
his Adenographia explains y.e 
nature of y.e glands better than 
any before him Two parts
bear his name tho' I'm affraid
none of 'em belong to him; the 
one is y.e Glandalo ways of the 
Mesentery y.e [oy?] y.e Duct of 

318 
y.e inferior maxillary gland w.e
are both defenbed by Nicolaus
Massa as acurately as by 
him & if you'll look into Avi
-cenna you'll there see both
Gland & Duct desenbed as per
-haps even by Galen Carpus
& Massa tho' its very possible
that Wharton knew nothing 
thereof stop here.
We have next one as con
-siderable as y.e former vir:
Doctor Tho: Willis who pub

319
-lished an exact Treatise de cere
-bro in w.e he has done a great 
Deal to Anatomy even abstract 
-ing from ye nerve said to be
-long to him/ w.e really as I said
before seems to be justly given 
too
He also gives an exact Piece 
of Anatomy of y.e Breast &
Abdomen in his Pharmaceutice
Rahonalis altho' it would be hard
to detract from y.t Fame of a 
Man who has preserved y.e fairest

320  
Character a long Time yet there
are not wanting some who 
pretend y.t he was no Anatomist 
at all, owing these ver Pieces
above mentioned to Dr. Lower 
& indeed if we consider his vast
& extensive knowledge that 
Dr. Lower was then very obscure
& what he himself says in y.e
Preface vir that Dr. Lower 
traced & delineated all y.e Parts
Wherefore y.e Presumption 
is if he traced & delineated 'em

321
he also described 'em or mare 
'em so plain y.t a Person of y.e
meanest Capacity & but a small
Share of Knowledge in Ana
-tomy might hae taken y.e 
Description of 'em to all 
w.e there are not wanting little
Bits of malicious stories where
-by they pretend to show y.t y.e
Doctor was not tolerably versed 
in Anatomy
These be true I shall not as 
yet determine Willis comes
 

322
of w.t very little applause; for 
there being very little else in 
this Book but an imaginary 
Piece of Reasoning y.t is fallen 
into Dissute they are all that 
are valuable in 'em & it might 
happen y.t Lower would think 
it no great Matter to compli
-ment a Man of y.e Doctor's
Character w.t y.e Effects of a 
little Pains of [??dnishy] especially
w.n could be of so much ease

323
to Lower a great many ways
About this Time vir 1662
lived 
Dr. Walter Needham who 
has bettered go the Malgrighius
& Harvey in his Dissentations 
de Formato John & is parti
-cularly valuable in y.t he does 
not confine himself to one par
-ticular species of Animals 
At this Time
Dr. Richard Lower
whom I just now mentioned as 
assisting Dr. Willis in his

324 
Dissections first made his ap
-pearance into y.e World by y.e
Publication of a Treatise on 
y.e Structure & of y.e Heart
perhaps one of y.e greatest 
& most exact Pieces of Anatomy
tho' I'm afraid because of y.e 
scarcity of Human Subjects
he has been obliged to disravel 
it on y.t of oys Animals
The ground of my sulpi
-cion arises from his describ

325
-ing a sheight Row of Musuel
-ar Fibres upon y.e right 
Ventricle w.e tho' they have not
that appearance in Men yet
its evident in o seen & 
Mr Winslow is y.t only Man 
that had added a little to him
This reasoning is always very
just & accurate w.e will stand
y.e Felt of Ages because
he founds upon Facts w.t
out allowing himself to be 
led away by Faney w.e

326
is y.e only way ever to attain
to a sure Bottom to go upon
for surely this a very wrong way
of attaining to a Character to 
reason by Induction; for tho'
y.e Chimera they amuse both
'emselves & y.e World w.t may 
last for some Time & have 
y.e desired Effect in gaining
'em a Pleasure for Some Time 
it never can last & its a 
very easy Matter to form

327
a Dor suppositions w.e may 
all solve a good many of y.e
Phonomena yet y.e sure me
-thod is what I mentioned 
above to get first a sufficient
Quantity of Data from y.e 
Structure of y.e Parts faithfully
& artfully investigated w.e 
taken will remain w.t 
Time forever; for Natura
constantissima lese esl
The only Discovery attributed

328
to him is y.e Transfusion of
y.e Blood or y.e throwing into
one Creature that of another
by giving their Vessels an 
Audt where of he published
in y.e Philosophical Transaction
1666 w.e Experiment was 
greatly in Vogue at y.t Time
& upon repeated Thyals w.t 
animals was found success
-ful E, Gi y.e pure Blood
of a healthy Dog was hans

329
pised into y.e Veins of a many
Car whereby he was cured. But 
at Length being hyed on a Hu
-man Body in France & having 
ill success was laid aside
This countrymen endeavoured
to deprive him of it by giving 
it to sin Christopher Wren
who they said had 6 or 7 years
before in a Ler to y.e society 
at Gresham College delivered 
it; tho' as I told y.e before 
none of 'em has any just

330
Claim to it being long before 
in 1665 known to Libavius
[?????ere]
I come now to y.e Germans
________________________
(a) Jahern 4 page 4 [??] is croped

331
Chap 4th of 
We come up to
The [Sw?dulh] Writers who flourished
about this Time. [cross out] (a)
To Bohn of [Leg???] D [cross out]
[cross out] who in 1682 found out 
y.e Dictus Hepatory [illegible]
in a Cow But what he's [illegible]
-cipally famed for is his Cir
-culus Anatomicus w.e is a 
standard Book for its Ex
-act [cross out]
[cross out] & on Audt of its


332
man curious & valuable Ex
periments to be met w.t no 
where else
Then to Conrad Burneus 
who in 1680 write a treatise 
de Panereate wherein there
are many Things valuable
but he had but little Anatomy 
The next is 
To Murtius Hoffman who 
seems to be write at this 
Time is a Man of no

333
great Learning but only a 
Compiler in Anatomy
To pass over him
Guntherus Chislophorus Schella
-men write several little trea
-tises whereof y.e most esteemed
is y.t de audisn where he 
gives more Anatomy about 
y.e Ear than you'll find 
any where else having a great
Deal of Comparative Anatomy
towards illifiating it more

334
generally But w.n he falls
a Numbering y.e Discoveries he
attributes to himself he pre
-tends to some very unjustly 
& y.e [oy?] are mere Triffles
The Duct Hydrop Thalmiei in Cowes
is discovered by
Henricus Meibominus vir
y.e Excretonies of y.e [La???al]
Glands opening a little above 
y.e inferior Eye Lid and also
s/s sebacesus Gland
Next we have one who is reckoned
a very ingenious Man

335
To: De Mouralle who in 
his vade mecum has given a 
considerable Deal of Compa
rative Anatomy (a)
Chap 4th of 
The Dutch who write about 
this Time
Since Anatomy was first intro
-duced to Holland by Peter Paw
& Vanhorn y.e Dutch have al
-ways taken Care to have good
able Professors in y.e Chain 
at Lyden; besides also there have
been good able men among

336
'em of great Reputation as 
particularly 
Frederick Ruyseh is y.e 
first who of any note appeared
in Holland after y.e 1660. He in 
-troduced himself into y.e World
as an Author by publishing in 
1665 his Ditucidationas val
-vulanum from w.e time till 
about a year before his Death
w.e happened not 'till 1730 he
hath from Time to Time 
known to have y.e Art of 

337
very subtile injection & was 
generally a very good Anato
mist
Isfandus Dicemerfroeck 
Professional [illegible] [illegible][illegible]his
Time published a large system
of Anatomy w.e y.e have 
either bound up w.t all his 
Workds in Fol: or by itself
in 410
It was for a long Time 
y.e School Book in Holland
& Germany  Here 
are no Discoveries but simple 
 

388
plain Desecriptions filled for young
Beginners in Anatomy his 
write w.t much y.e same Spt
w.t Verheyn only entering some 
thing more into y.e Fanchones 
of y.e Parts
The Carolicalis Descendents in called
Dienofroehi from him
There are all y.e Dutch 
who write between y.e 1660 & 
80

339
Chap 6th of 
The Italians who write about 
this time
I now proceed to y.e Italians 
of this Ora where well find
y.t whilst Anatomy flourished
in y.e more northern Climates
Italy that has / as I said before
in every Age since y.e Revival 
of Anatomy been fertile of 
great Men failed not to pro
-duce Men failed not to pro

340
-duce Men of y.e first Rank
at this Time also some of 
'em whom I'll mention 
at persent are Malnighius
Borellus Bellinies & Redi
Marcellus Malnighius 
to whom we are much indebted
on many Audts particularly
for his being y.e first who used
Microscopes [cross out] to any toler
-able Advantage in Anatomy 
by w.e to his great Praise

341
& indefatigable Industry Dili
-gence & Pams taken in 
preparing his subjects; he from
Time to Time was always 
surprizing y.e World w.t some
new Discoveries in Natural 
Knowledge; for to him it 
is we own y.e Knowledge
[cross out] of y.e little Bags
at y.e End of y.e Vessels of 
y.e skin for secreting sweat 
& of y.e Carpus reticulare

342
called after him/Malpighy
besides a great many more
w.e it would be impossible
for me to enter upon at pre
-sent aided by no more than 
my Memory
He also has done a great Deal
towards y.e exact Knowledge
of y.e Minute & intricate
Structure of Vegetables
He write upon generation 
wherein he did considerable

343
& is inferior to none on y.t
Subject if we except Needham
who has amended on him 
TohAlphonsics Bonellus is y.e next 
whom do not mention as a practi
-cal Anatomisl tho' he has 
done a great Deal of service 
there to in introducing y.e Mathe
-matical Reaforming w.e is ver
-tamly y.e most sure & I may 
add y.e only way whereby y.e
Animal Oconomy can 
be brot to Perfection [cross out]

344
providing they have sufficient
Data to build upong & indeed
he has chosen y.e best & I may
say y.e only Principle in Ana
-tomy y.t will admit of Ma
thematical Reasoning subjected
to our senses I mean the Mastes 
in his Book de Motu Ani
-malium; for there he may 
easily know y.e Length of y.e
Vectis of y.e Angle of [cross out]
Insertion Pullies & where

345
-by to discover their relative Force
but their absolute he never
can it being impossible for 
2 Reasons
As for Instance he never 
can know y.e Natural Resis
-tance a Muscle has towards
its Extension; nor 2dly y.e
Strengh of y.e Antagonist
& Force of y.e joint toresitl
Hearerion &c tho out of a Fond
-ness for his Mathematics

346
this also has he of essayed to bring to a 
Calculation 
The Disadvantage of this Method
however is y.t as it most frequently
happens Persons best filled for 
y.e undertaking in one of y.e Branch
-es have been defective in y.e [oy?]
y.e Anatomisl being ignorant
of y.e Mathematics & the Mathe
-matician of Anatomy from 
whence has spring great Confusion 
as y.e writings of some after
him plainly shew in so much
y.t its a Quest whether Mathe

347
-matics have done more Hurt
or good to Physic & I'm ready 
to give my opinion for y.e for 
mer tho' this however calls no 
aspertion on y.e science only y.e
wrong use of it is blameable
For Authors have not stuck
to supply y.e Hypothesis w.t 
y.t w.e in Fact never had a 
being & notwithstanding this 
same Author in some few Places
may perhaps be guilty this way
yet his Book do Molu Am

348
-malium as also y.t de vi Per
-cussims will be held in y.e ut
-most Esteem while Anatomy 
& Mathematics are cultivated
w.e probably will be as long y.e
Worto endevers or 'till its overrun
w.t Barbanism again
Laurentius Bellini was
not only amongst y.e first who in
-troduced y.e geometical Reaforming
into y.e Physiology but endeavoured
to bring it to y.e Practice of Phy
-sic w.e however is yet as im
-possible there not having been 

349
found out a sufficient Number
of Axioms w.e can never be made 
out w.t out a sufficient number
of [cross out] acurate observations 
frequently repeated to furnish Ma
-tenials 
He writes a treatise de Remibus
in w.e he's commonly believed to 
have added a good Deal more 
than before; & y.e Papillo are 
called substantio Bellimana
tho as I said already Euslachius 
had describe 'em before more 
acurately than he 

350
Massa also notices 'em
of my opinion also Tho
Barlholine seems to be w.n. he
leads in this sly Quest Qnidve
Bellino protuscerid Enslachieus
under w.e is contained much ill
nature & keen satyre: He also 
writes a small treatise de ovo
Incubato in y.e Preface to w.e 
he tells us y.t he had write a 
whole 4th Vol on y.e Shell but
it never was published & indeed
if wel may be allowed to draw

351
any confusion either from his
Accuracy knowledge we are 
perhaps as well w.t out him
for in such as are published almost
what he assents for Facts half
of 'em are not true; & these 
errors had he consulted Harvey's 
Book he might has escaped 
E G he says y.e while of y.e
Egg 3 or 4 Days [cross out] after
Incubation in resolved into a 
thin rancid putrid Liquor w.e

352
if taken down into y.e Stomach
neates a Nausea & violent vomit
-ing & purging so as to be next
to a Poison; the contrary of w.e
Harvey expressly tells saying y.t
its a fertile Egg equally sweet
as w.n new laid & in Fact 
its so
Again he says an Egg is hea
-vier after Incubation tho Harvey
tells y.e direct contrary wherein
also he says line wherefore we
may conclude y.t Bellini


at this place [???g]in this
(a)We come next to Gagliardi who 
in his Anatomia [Alsu?m] movis Invent
illustrata end occours [ecc???urs] to improve on
Macpeghius 
He has also /to as a line y.e 50 of if 356 page
             weh go on with

353
never one made y.e Experi
-ment w.e he lays down w.t so
much certainly 
A very curious Inquirer into 
Nature [cross out]
Franciscus Redi particul
-arly he studied comparative Anatomy
& vegetables. He too uses Micro
-scopes and by y.e help there has made
no space image description of y.e
structure of y.e parts of w.t he treats
[cross out]
[cross out]
He has wrote a curious Treastise
on Vipers
(see a)

354

355
Cap 7th of 
The Italian Writers who flourished
behavist y.e 1680 & Beginning of 
y.e 1700
Having brout Anatomy to y.e
1680 I'll now carry it down to 
y.e Beginning of y.e 18th Century
following [cross out] y.e same order
still w.e used for y.e last half 
Century vir to class y.e Authors 
of each Nation by 'emselves 
& as I ended w.t y.e Italians
I'll reassume 'em again
The first who has end cavoured

356
to improve on Malpinghies is
Gagliardi Professor at Rome
in his Anatomia ossium Inventes
illustrata 
He has also several Discoveries
in common w.t Flowers/ for I 
can't determine w.e of y.e two
write first/such as y.e Plates
on Lamina of y.e Bones & 
besides he has several ops pro
-per to himself such as y.e 
Clavicula connecting y.e Lamna
&c in y.e Description where of 
he's very particular & I'm 

357
affraid he has given too much
Liberty to his Imagination; for 
I know no oy Anatomist y.t
pretends to have seen them and
Malpighius in his post
humous Works expressly denies
'em
At this time also
Leat Lealis publishes a 
Treatise ttep opyaveusttep
hatikew v w.e has made a great
noise in y.e World This still 
is very intricate & he's every

358
where very full of himself aims
at Several Discoveries, y.e 
greatest whereof comes to no
more than y.t of y.e Vesicula 
Seminales w.n Sketchd out 
make one blind sack being 
formed into a Cellular appear
-ance by y.e Coarctation of 
y.e Muscular Coat altho' but 
one continued Canal He it 
is too who first endeavours
to prove by Experiments y.t 
had been long supported

359
pactually assumed in their Real
-soning vir y.t y.e anastomoses is
of spermatic Arteries & veins 
by glateral Branches but y.e
Experiments to prove it are
equivocal, that where on
he chiefly found it is his hav
-ing y.e speramtic artery of a 
Ram a little above y.e Corpora
Pyramidalia found yt. y.e Blood
flowed out near as fast at y.e 
Vein as before; but that is 
really of no weight; for every

360 
Body knows y.t y.e sper
-matic send of Branches 
before they came to y.e Cor
pora Pyramidalia as also 
y.t several of y.e Veins at
-tending y.e Lumbar Artery
open directly into y.e Trunk
of y.e Spermatic Vein & his 
Arguments appear all insuffi
-cient to maintain y.e Doctri
ne they set up to defend so 
I know not Body has espoused 
it,l but M Mortimer in 

361
y.e Philosophical Transactions
who likewise fails of this End
y.e Experiments there advanced
meeting no better Tale than those 
of Leal Lealis
This Book is bound in w.t.
y.e Lyden Edition of Eusla
-chins opuseula 
These are y.e Habians who write
in y.e above mentioned space 
of time
[cross out] now to
here turn to y.e other or [Me??????]
-[illegible]

362
Chap 7th of 
The English Authors who write
from about y.e year 1680 to y.e
End of y.e 7th Century among
y.e British some still continue
to write of who whom I spoke 
formerly others are 
To Brown surgeon write a thin
Fol on y.e Muscles w.t Figures 
His Descriptions are very faulty
& Fig not donw to y.e Life
having allowed his Fancy to 
range too much therein 
Hence you'll never miss

363
Coopar who was a very good
Judge in Anatomical affairs
calling him by y.e name of 
y.e erroneous To: Brown:
However it may serve to give 
some Notion of y.e Situation
of 'em
Dr Clopton Havers about
this Time published his osteology
w.e had been read in Protections
to y.e Royal Society: Here are 
some Discoveries in com
-mon w.t Gaghandi besides 
several of hit own

364
E.g. y.e Mucilaginous Glands
separating y.e Senovia in y.e
Joints He has also a good
many new opinions concerning
y.e use of y.e Parts & like
-wise hanflated & published ana
-tomical Tables w.e is but 
an indifferent Work in y.e ori
-ginal & more for Pleasure
& Currohily than any Thing
else for in y.e Plates he pre
-tends by raising up several 
Pieces to show perhaps

365
3 or 4 Things one above
another
Dr. Thos Gibson has published 
his Anatomy of y.e Human Body
w.e is generally called out of 
oups as he himself owns 
from Dremer broeck he also 
some Things on y.e Functions
of y.e Parts
Well Cowpar first appeared
as an Author by publishing 
his Myotomia reformata w.e
is one of y.e best Pieces on 
y.e Subject few to this Day

366
having out done it Here y.e 
have y.e of raising every Muscle
w.t an Audt of what is necessary
in so doing
Dr Humphry Ridley publishes
his Anatomy of y.e Brain where
-in he mends what was defective
in Vicussens as this last endea
-voured to do on Willis
He's most commended for im
-proving on y.e Descriptions of 
very Author before him having 
added no new Discoveries except 
-ing one small one of y.e

367
Semicircular Sinus called
Sinus semicircularies Ridler
He's also y.e Author of some medi
-co Practica observations & Physi
-ologica as also a Treatise on 
y.e Foramer ovale in a To
-his in opposition to Mr [Me??]'s
                   (stop here)
The last of y.e British y.t I'm
to mention at this Time is 
a Man of very great Reputation 
& Author of several pretty Papers
both in y.e Royal Society &
Acta Hapynicentia vir

368
Dr. Edward Inson who writes
nothing in y.e Human Anatomy
but exceeding indushions in fur
-thering y.t of Brutes parti
-cularly he writes a very exact 
Treatise on y.e Anatomy of y.e 
great Monky & another on 
y.e Rattle snake &c
    Chap 9th of 
The Dutch Authors who write
from y.e 1680 to ye End of y.e 17 
century
I now push forward to y.e 

369
Dutch in Holland
We have seen since Harvey se
-veral making good appear
-ances We last mentioned Dre
-merbock To him succeeded 
To: Munick 
He write a Lebellus
de Re Anatomica where tho' he 
pretends to new Discoveries he 
has y.e most remarkable of those
y.t. were made in his Time all 
very prettily set down & bro.t.
into a very narrow compass & 
is write in a very elegant stile
I take this Munichis & 

370
Theils little system to be preti
-est compend in Anatomy 
next 
Cardus relincount Professor
at Lyden made a very great Noise
in y.e World: He was certainly
a very learned Man This Father 
y.e famous reformed minister in France having taken
all imaginable care to have him 
instruced in all y.e Belles Letties
he obtained a very ready way 
of expressing himself or Has 
de Bouche/ as y.e French

371
call it/he used to rail againt every
oys Body seldom speaking good 
of his nearest neighbours 
or most intimate Friends & ac
-quaintance: He writes several 
Pieces as on Generation & Nu
-trition of a Folus in w.e
little is contained only good for
this he bring together y.e opinions 
of those who went before him
w.e he exposes to a very ridi
-culous Height notwithstanding 
his own is a little better

372
than y.e worst of 'em
He publishes has Caniceduim w.o is
his left Piece in it mentioning hepermnenta made & conturing Dogs
He also writes 
a Libitinitrophia w.e is a 
Collection of all y.e different ways
People have been know to die
He's esteemed Author of this 
son's treatise de Liene I may
say certainly he was since in 
y.e Acco.t. Boer gives us 
in his writings this is also 
named
Here in y.e treatise be

373
-fore mentioned he discoveries
Learning used to little Purpose
for every little pro or pro he
gives some Authorities whereby 
it happens y.t Such Quota 
-tions come out to be no more
than a 3d part of y.e Book
Antonius Nuck is next a 
Man of a very different Cha
-racter from his [???cessor] [P?chrieourt] being in all his works
very cautions of offending any 
Body
He was an excellent 
Anatomisl having improved


374
it a great Deal by his many 
painful Dissections to whom
we owe a good part of our 
Knowledge of y.e Lymphaties
/ tho he was not their Discover
as also he has in his adenogra
-phia given us a more ex
-act Aud.t. of y.e Fountains 
& secretary organs of Spittle
than any before or since
He discovered a gland or duct 
in a Dog situated below y.e Eye
& opening at y.e Dentes mota

375
-res of y.e upper Jaw
He suspected it was in a Man
but was mistaken
[cross out] 
He describes y.e Duct called y.e
Ductus agnosus Murky but 
seems to mistake an Artery for 
a Vein
In his too dilligent appli
-cations to these Discoveries he's 
said to have lost his Life by 
keeping a subject too long in his 
Hands &c contracted a Gang.
Where of he died 

376 
go tho hedus Bid too who has
much of y.e. same temper w.t. Dre
-limcourt but not near so learned
He & most of his Contemporaries
were continually at odds particularly
he & Ruysch were prepetually 
snarling at each or[ther]s His Works
being most part observations are 
collected into a small 4th vol;
but for none of these is he 
so famed as for his large Work
wherein his Fig.s. are very 
near as large as y.e. Life
& very beautiful/ Mr Cowpar
having about this Time


377
published his Book buys up			
200 or 300 coppies from his 
Book fellers adding a new Text
of his own & publishing them
under his own name w.t. out
mentioning [cross out] Bidloo thro y.e. whole
Work unless w.t. a Design to 
criticize on him & that only 
2 or 3 Times Compers Design
coming to Bedloos Ears he 
writes very civil Ler to Mr.
Cooper telling him y.t. if he
inclined to hears late his Book
he would give him all possible

378
assistance [cross out]
[cross out]
[cross out]; but upon Coopers 
going on in his own way & 
taking no Notice of Bod loos
Ler he writes a second di
-rected to y.e Royal Society & 
styled it Gulielmus Cooper
intatus coram Tribuhali
wherein he arnignes him 
before 'em to whom he ap
-plys for Instice defining [cross out]
'em to expell him their

379
Society & brand him w.t y.e
name of Fun: Here he 
also accuses him of Ignorance
in y.e Latin & gives him very
bad names To this Cooper
writes an answer intitrula a
Vindicia in y.e Jatyniral sham 
baking all names w.e he keeps
free of: He here plainly shews 
y.t. these Plates could never 
come originally from him 
supporting very justly y.t. had
he dissected Bodies whence

380
they were taken he would 
never have fallen into y.e mis
-takes & Escapes he convicts
y.e World Bidloos was quilty 
of & indeed cowper's Text 
is indifferently preferable to 
Bid toos Therefore since Cooper
does not assume 'em as his 
own & proves evidently they
are not Bindloos they must 
have belonged to some Body
else & y.e Presumption is that 
They are Swammer dam's

381
who advertise he had 'em
ready
Besides other Evidences bro.t.
to support this opinion there is 
a scandalous one eno about Bidloos
having too intimate Correspon
-dence w.t. swammerd is Wise
then at widow [cross out]
[cross out]
what is told of him 
be true vir yt. upon making
an Experiment wherein he
pretends y.e. Lungs of a 

382
To his cond swim he look some
-thing & throwing it into y.e
Water shewed it swiming but 
Raw his successor happening 
to sit next y.e Vessel whiqes
it out & swears a great oath
y.t. it was a Piece of Melt 
w.e. in Fact it happened to 
be [cross out] [tee??] in Rem. [illegible]
Now from one y.t. would do 
this what may we expect
In w.t. y.e Dutch I may reckon
tho' no Dutch man yet lived

383
very near 'em; I mean
Philip Verheyen Professor
of Anatomy at Lovain He 
publishes his Anatomy in 1699
& afterwards in 1710 it came 
out at Brussels much enlarged
having left a commission for 
y.t. End w.t. his Wife he being 
dead before y.e Time
He was certainly an indushious 
honest Man as a Proof of his 
Candour he confesses he never
cond find y.e. Acondus Muscle

384
& several oys Parts not to 
be reckoned Minutia
He for a long Time earned his
Bread in a Mean low way 
but coming to lose his Leg
was incapable of following
his former way of Life belook
himself to y.e study of Lers af
-ter he had been pretty for 
advanced in years
He was medicina Dr & 
Professor of Anatomy He was 
in no great Repute but his 

385
Book has been long y.e School                            
Book has been long y.e. School
Book in Germany & because
of his plain Language &
early Descriptions not too minute
I use to recommend him to 
Beginners in Anatomy tho'
nice Anatomist He hard
-ly deserves such Treatement
as he meets w.t from Fleister
especially w.n he never gives
any of [??ce] seldom contra
-tradicting any Body but in

387
y.e modest way imaginable 
There being all Dutch I now
proceed to y.e French
   Chap 10th of 
The French Writers who [??era]
-nished from, Ago to y.e End
of y.e 17th Century
Whereof y.e i.v I have occasion
to mention is 
Joseph Du Verney the 
Elder who was a member of y.e
old Institution where he pub
-lishes seaveral Papers as also 

388
since y.e new Institution or Renowvellment He
has given woral Papers by T. Aca
-demy besides he has write a
Book sur L' organ de Auir
w.e. is a pretty Piece. There he
has most exact compendious De
-scriptions adding to aquapen
dente caperius & sprigelius 
He has also some very
morale Descriptions of y.e Glands
of [cross out] separating
y.e Cerumen wch he is discoverer  & his Plates 
are very elegant of y.e 

389
Natural Magnitude Some
also magnified by y.e Microscope
He's y.e Discover of y.e Muscu
-lus obliques Mallori Many more
Books were expected from him 
but none have appeared & 
now he has been dead 2 years
& get no Word of him where 
by People's Hopes are pushated
of seeing any Thing as his most
humous Works tho' y.t. too was 
expected & indeed its a great 
Pity for he was a most acur

396
-ale Anatomist
Several Reasons are given
for his not writings; one of 
'em is y.t several of his 
Scholars having got his 
as they called 'em
got 'em published under their
own Name; & such we may
reckonn Keils comprend/but
what is most suspected to have
hindered him is a Dispote y.t
happened [beh??sel] him & Ms
Meus about y.e use of y.e Fora

391
-men ovale in a Fatus
The Academy decided in Favour
of Meri w.h Du Verney look
hornidly ill/thinking [h??] in
every Respect his inferior/that
his said to more never to 
publish any Thing more(a)
This Antagonist is very [i??shions]
Anatomist
Jean Meri Matre surgeon to 
y.e Hotel Dien at Paris was
y.e Person who w.t Du Verney
dissected most of y.e Animals

(a). and ended he [???red] from
Academy too many years never
attending their Meetings; however before
his Death he came into pretty good terms
wth item & was expected to publish several
pieces. he died in 1730. Le Clark &
Parsyn I suppose are indebted to him
for ycis Works
   
     

392
in y.e Histoire naturell des Ani
-mause whereby I mentioned y.t
y.t their acuracy was very re
-markable. He was a Member
of y.e Royal Academy & very 
serupulous to admit any new
thing for as y.e Secretary tells y.t
w.n any new Discovery was laid
before 'em he commonly caused
it to be 3 or 4 Times demon
-strated before giving his assent
thereto by w.e he was a check 
upon 'em. But tho' he was

392 
to diffident of oyps he advances
many singular opinions of this 
own giving his Fancy all
Manner of Liberty 
Such was his opinion as to 
y.e Foramen ovale in a Folus 
vir y.t y.e Blood comes from 
y.e left Ventricle into y.e Right
in w.e he was approved by 
Du Verney Verheyen Ridley & 
& being taken up is expelled by 
y.e Arteries after having gone
thro a Circulation (a)


was time to breed ill Blood among
them. Ma Winslow andeavour'd 
in 1720 to compowille differences
by saying the [???ramer] verved To 
allow a Passage either say, viz either
promp right ory left Ventricele wth                                    is ye Common opinion/or from is left
to ye right wch is [??en] 'v opinion if
what In Winslow says was true
the if would follow that is Ventricles
of ye Heart would not be near equal
in ych Cavities (wch is not found who            
so in fact) for according to Im Winston
ye whole Blood [??pes] throu it Rights
Ventricle whereas only & herds [??cpes]
thro'is left, since one third of its immed
-iately clarfied thro' by y.t Duet Antorros
to y.e [illegible] from ye Pulmonary Artery
without [???ing] throu [le??] Sentriete
(to fares fresich.)


393
[cross out] Aleri goes also contrary to y.e 
common opinion w.t. Relation 
to y.e. use of y.e Foramen ova
-le of y.e Ear
He has not published any 
Thing but a Treatise on y.e 
Circulation of y.e Blood in a 
Folus w.t. Remarks in cutting 
for y.e stone after y.e Method
of Friar Jarques in w.e he 
gives y.e Anatomy of y.e Parts
concerned therein
Raymund Vicussens 
Professor of Anatomy at

394
Monspelier was a very careful
& industrious Anatmoisl &
began very to shew himself 
Master thereof in his great Neuro
-graphia He has Several curi
-ous Experiments in his Tor
-chant de Cour wherein he 
pretends to y.e Discovery of y.e 
Coronary Vessels opening into 
y.e right Auricle & Venticle
w.e is disputed him by the 
besius 
He also in his Systema

395
Vasorum changes y.e names
of parts & that is almost all 
he does E.G. some he calls
Lero Lymphatica & He 
has mended on Willis Descrip
-tion of y.e Brain & nerves
& in a little Description of 
y.e Ear he challenges all 
Valsalvas Discoveries acceptaining
y.e World how it came about 
vir by a certain Schollar of 
his y.t. went to Italy & he pub

396
-lickly summondes y.e
Gentleman to second his aser
-tions 
This y.e oys denies so 
I can't determine y.e Dispute
The next to him is 
Mr Daniel Tawry whom
as he writes more in a Physi
ological way than in an Ana
-tomical I'll pass over to take 
notice of 
W. Diconis Surgeon to 
y.e Dauphiness of France

397
writes a system of Anatomy
w.e. has been read in several
Lectures before y.e Royal
Academy & continued long 
y.e standard Book in France
He's pretty exact & has but 
few Discoveries
At this Time
Jean Baptisla Verdue 
writes a Treatise on y.e Bones
& Muscles wherein tho' he's 
pretty exact there's nothing 
considerable
stop here (aa)
& lecgeri wth 4 Germens again if others
[illegible]

398
During this Time y.e Royal
Society continued to publish
their Papers regularly & their 
most considerable Members 
are Cooper Ridley & Tyson
of whom I've already mentioned 
& still they keep y.e first name
for Anatomical Papers. But 
after this w.n. y.e Royal Aca
-demic of Paris got its Re
-noullment we shall find it 
out shipping all oys both

399
for y.e Number & Valuable
-ness of their Papers; in so
-much y.t they contain more
Anatomical Papers than all 
y.e oys Societys put together
For in England where there
are neither nor Subject easy
to be got no Wonder if they 
must be obliged to yield to oyrs
w.n labouring under such In
-conveniences
After this we may expect

400 
but few French Authors the 
most part of 'em getting in 
to be Academicians 
The History of 
Anatomy 
Book 6th
From y.e. End of y.e 17th Century
to y.e present Times
   Chap 1st of 
The English Authors who write 
about this Time

401
We have now traced Anatomy
to y.e 1700 & having left of w.t.
y.e French I'll begin w.t. our 
Country & remark y.t. many of 
them I last mentioned continue
still publishing their Discoveries
by issuing valuable Papers month
-ly amongst w.e there are several
Anatomical & Physicical ones 
containing a good many Improve
-ments but few Discoveries 
Their best Members are Mr. 
Ray Cooper Cheselden Young
Bauhine & Shiplon & 

402
besides several British write
Books as in 1702
Dr Ja Keil publishes his pretty
System. The History of y.e Ana
-tomical Part I gave y.e before 
w.e seems to be fine especially w.n
we know y.t. upon coming to 
England he had no oppotuni
-ties of Subject to get it from 
He gave over dissecting or 
practising Anatomy
He's however allowed to be Author 
of y.e Reasoning on it

403
This Book has undergone
many different Editions
In y.e year 1708 he publishes
Mathematical Reasonings on some
of y.e most intricate Quests 
in y.e Physiology & his last
Work is Medicina Statical Bri
-tanmia w.e is not properly an
Anatomical but Physical 
Piece in 1707
Ja Drake publishes his An
thropologia wherein y.e Anato

404
-mical parts are not at all
exact except such as are not 
inserted by Mr. Coopar some 
of w.e he publishly owns him 
y.e Author of 
Mr Cooper also drew a good
many Figs w.t. his own 
Hand & these are very valuable
y.e rest are borrowed for y.e most 
part so y.t in Reality he is Au
-thor of very little in y.e Book
except y.e Reasoning part where

405
of he interspersed a good Deal
About this Time
Dr Ja Douglas first began 
to appear as an Author by print
-ing his Myographia after having 
dilligently applyed himself to 
y.e teaching of Anatomy some 
years
This is a very exact little 
Book & he has greatly improved
on Mr Cooper particularly in 
givinng y.e origin & Insertion 
tho' it were to be wished he had
been more full & given us

406
y.e Largeness Fig Length & some
oyrs Particular about each of 
w.e. he had hardly hinted at
The uses too he might & ought
to have enlarged on for tho' he
gives us y.e. common allowed
Action, yet as there are few
I may say none that can't allow
of very different Motions accord
-ing as they are combined w.t. k
oyrs may not only give various 
Directions to a part but even 
become assistant in y.e Ex

407
-tension thereof 
He's Author of a very pretty
History of Anatomy taking it up
at [Hipp?] Time & carrying 
it down to Harvey's
He has promised another Edit
& in y.t. I wish he would be more 
particular in some Matters & 
more cautious in attributing y.e
Discoveries
He relying on y.e his Knowledge
of y.e. parts their Structure &c 
has given Improvements on 

408
Cheseldens Manner of Cutting
for y.e stone & therein shews his
Skill in Surgery
He's also Author of y.e Treatise 
wherein we have y.e Description
of y.e Peritonaum most ex
-actly & y.e Solmation of all 
y.e. Parts of y.e. Abdomen better
described than in any oys Au
-thor
It was printed 1730 
About 1713
Mr. Cheselden began to teach 
Anatomy & published a Syllabus

409
for his Schollars w.e by being
frequently reprinted swelled to a 
good large octaoo making up 
a System of Anatomy
This Gentleman has endeavoured
to accommodate his Book to y.e.
Taste of his Countrymen who 
can't endure long minute De
-scriptions being mostly taken 
w.t. Reasonings on y.e. uses
& Functions of y.e. Parts
Whence his Descriptions are but 
very short & superficial/

410
contrary to y.e Author's own
way of thinking I'm persuad
ed notwithstanding w.e 'tis still
a good Book & contains a 
great Deal of pretty Reason
-ing
Here we may remark in gener
-al y.t ever since y.e. Introduction
of Mathematical Reasoning 
into England out of a Fond
-ness there of they have left 
of/ generally speaking/ y.e. 

411
Searched into y.e Things 'emselves
imagining they have suffici
-ent Data for every Thing
& even assuming what they 
can't discover going thereby in
direct opposition to a Rule 
laid down by y.e Mathematici
-ans 'emselves
About 3 years after this 
Dr. Kill Cockburn first pub
-lished his Treatise on a [Go???otioa]
wherein he gives a more exact 
Description of y.e Mirrores

412
Glands/whose Discovery he 
pretends to be Author off their
situation & Communication 
w.t y.e. Corpora Cavernosa the thro
than is to be had any where
else y.e. Cutts whereof he has 
added also; but as he's writing 
particularly we can't expect
till give a more narrow Con
-sideration of y.e. Parts than 
what refers to y.e. Subjects 
he treats off


413
About 3 years after him
Dr Bellinger publishes
his Book in y.e. Nutrition of 
y.e. folus where he pretends
to have discovered y.e Duct of 
y.e Gland Thymus by Expe
-riments & pretends its use
to send into y.e Folus a Liquor
a kind to y.e Saliva for pre
-paring it Nourishment in 
ye. Stomach, but/begging 
y.e Doctor's Pardon y.e Experi
-ments where on he founds

414
dies not prove any Thing
he woud deduce from it; for 
take a wel Cloash & press
upwards as lonng as y.e please
there shall not one Drop 
of [illegible] come out into y.e
Mouth before y.e are come 
so far up as y.e Salivary glands
'emselves & then no Wonder
y.e Saliva flows into y.e Mouth
& this is all y.e Doctor's Ex
-periment comes to altho at

415
first his Book made no con
-siderable Fig. & noise in y.e 
World
In 1729 Dr. Wood published
a treatise on y.e Heart with a
very pompous Title w.e had 
/as it bears/been in some 
Lectures at y.e Physicians
Hall published at their Define
There are here several Fig.s 
borrowed from Runseh & y.e 
[oy?s] from Lower besides w.w 
there's nothing Material in y.e

416
whole Book tho he pretends
to rectify Lower in Several Places
& indeed its nothing but Lower's
Book made y.e worse for it 
& he never once owns his 
obligations to Lower or Ruysch
After this
Dr. Rutley secretory to y.e 
Royal Society published a 4th 
Pamphlet on y.e Urinary Passages
wherein he promises less but 
but does a great Deal More
for he tells us that he has

417
taken from Euslaehius Poyrs
who have heated on y.t sub
ject yet he has added a great
Deal more of his own tho' 
nothing very considerable & gives
their uses in a Rational way
He's little of a Practical Anato
-mist himself but makes a good 
use of those whom he con
-sults
These are y.e British who have 
made any considerable Fig in Ana
-tomy down to this Day tho'

418
here I may take occasion to 
mention
Dr Bryan Robinson
of Dublin who write on y.e
Animal Aconomy w.e came
out in 1732. He seem to be 
a blind Follower of Sir Isaac
Newton assuming w.t. most 
oyrs of his Country men/
Sir Isaac's Queries or Axioms
& this was I imagine Sir
Isaac has been y.e innocent

419
Occasion of so many gross
Blunders; for tho he was a 
Man of y.e greatest Pene
-tration & therefore ['e??se] y.e
modest way of proposing any 
Thing he was not sure of
than to draw any Inferences there
from get [oy??] coming after 
-him have never stuck to assume
these as Data & found a whole 
Super structure of Reasoning
There on Such has been

420
y.e Fate of y.e Queries published
at y.e End of his optics in 
this Book here & in Truth 
its little else; for tho' he has sever
-al pretty Experiments on y.e 
Circulation of y.e Blood shewing
y.e different means whereby it 
may be increased or diminished
by y.e different use of y.e Non
-naturals w.t some Experiments
to determine y.e Velocity of y.e 
Fluids moving in our Canals

421
yet what he has on muscular
Motion is all taken from 
Sir Isaac
There was a Book lately published 
on Muscular Motion w.t some 
thing new on y.t Head but 
not very remarkable I may
have mention my Predecessor
Mr. Elliot who write a 
Treatise on Generation w.t Essays
on y.e Viscera & a Paraphrase
on y.e 10th Chap of Ecrlesi

422
-asles in neither of w.e. there
are no Improvements on y.e 
Descriptions of y.e parts
Char 2d of 
The French Authors who write 
from y.e Beginning of the 18th
Century to y.e present Time
We come vext to y.e French 
who/as I said before/at this 
Time publish their Transactions
very regularly wherein are

423
very many Anatomical Papers
from their greatest Masters
Such as Taury Doddart Lithe
Dr Verney elder & younger
Mr Petit y.e Physician & 
Mr Peht y.e Surgeon Fleve
-hius & Wingslow 
Some however were taller 
than y.e Beginning of this 
Century before they learned Aca
-demicians
Notwithstanding all these

424 
we have some still who publish
their own Works as
Joseph de Charrier who writes 
an Anatomic de de la Tele where
tho' his Descriptions are very Mi
-nute & pretty exact but he has
added nothing new
This Book was published 1703
& supposed to have been taken 
chiefly from Dr Verney's Dictates
In 1704
Ludovicus Lemery publishes
a Treatise on y.e Bones on whom
Joseph Lemery made some obs
& added thereto on whom Le


425
Clerke still makes further obs:
making up a complete of leology 
but in neither of y.e 3 is there
any Thing remarkable
Rene Jargues Cooissant de
Garengeot publishes his Myotomie
Human: & Canin & endeavour
-ing to follow both Cooper & Dou
-glas Method has spoiled both
He also publishes a Splanchno
-logy w.e is a very acurate Piece
but borrowed intirely from Helve
-hius Petit & Winslow whose 
Dissections & sufures in garden he was allowed to

426
attend & has taken y.e start
& published it before 'em
Jacqnes Benigne Winstow
who may be joined in w.t y.e 
French tho' originally a Dane
because he both had all y.e Educa
-tion & lived most of him Time
in Paris
He may be reckoned y.e best Ana
-tomist of his time & to him
y.e Art is very much indebted
He's throughly honest very modest
& perfectly master of y.e History

427
of y.e History of Anatomy
& all that was known therein
before him. He has also been 
very indushious in following out
all y.e Branches of Anatomy 
There are many Inflames of this
in y.e Memoirs of y.e Royal 
Academie At last he has
been prevailed upon to publish a 
System of Anatomy after 
y.e Promise of 20 years
He contains y.e most exact & 
minute Anatomy extant

428
only he is to blame for altering
y.e names [cross out] of 
y.e Muscles here he gives most
accurate Descriptions baling
a few hynographical Erons
& such as we depend intirely
on every Word of 
Over & above he has been pleased
to give a Catalogue of 'em
He assumes little to him fell not 
withstand he has many Improve
-ments particularly on y.e Func
-tions of y.e Muscles He's

429
also y.e first y.t. adds any thing
to Lower's Structure of y.e Heart
& has y.e most exact Descrip
-tion of y.e Valves of y.e cava
& course of y.e Duodenum yet
published: However it were to be
wished he had in some Things
been less particular E.g y.e 
Ramifications of y.e Veins 
& Arteries every small Thread
whereof he gives to & that
in such sort y.e none but 

430
y.e experienced Anatomists shall
be able to have 'em by his Di
-rections; for in so doing it's abso
-lutely necessary that one carry
y.e Idea of every Thing in his 
Mind whether they be anterior posteri
-or &c & besides they are not 
of y.e smallest use generally
Speaking
On y.e oys Hand he ought to be 
to be more particular in some
Things E,g, y.e Structure of 
y.e Merus for he gives a most

231
exact Accot of y.e Parts where
ye Merus is connected & of y.e Vessels
going to & coming from y.t Viscus
He does not mention one Word
of y.e Secondine Placenta & 
This Book is translated by 
Dr Geo Douglags

432
Chap 3d of 
The Italian Writers who flourished
from y.e 18th to y.e present 
Time
Having mentioned all y.e French
Authors necessary to be noticed
even to this Day I come in my 
Course to y.e Italians who as they
have no public Society to throw
their Papers into are more nu
-merous than any of y.e oys 
Nations in this Period

433
The first I mention is
Antonius Pachionus writes
a Treatise on y.e Dura Mater
in w.e he has been more exact
than any oys but has built
too much on its Effects falling 
into y.e common Fault of oys
who out of a Fondness for their 
own Brates will have all y.e 
principal Actions of y.e Ani
-mal Ocomony to be ye Natural 
Producce of their own Discovery
y.t way endeavouring to enhance

434
their own Value
Thus Sylius made considerable
Advances in illustrating y.e use But
then all y.e Diseases of y.e Human
stay in Body proceeded from some way (pess by this)
Thus  Hey in      lased
Thus De Graaf [cross out] having some
-living towards acepting us w.t
y.e Pancreatic Juice will have
very wonderful Effects to pro
-ceed from this Disorder in y.e 
same way our Author makes the 
Dura Mater one of y.e principal 
Inthe of Motion belonging to
        



435
our Frame for says he it pro
-[cross out]-pells y.e Fluids to y.e Brain
& sends thence y.e Animal sys &
To him follows
Dominicus Gulielmini 
has a Dissentation de Sanguinis 
Natura w.e is a pretty acurate
Piece & generally esteemed: He 
was no practical Anatomist
Geo Baglivr published 
a little Trait in 1701 De Fibra
Motice & morbosa where he 
insert his opinion of y.e Da
-ra Mater & afterwards his

436
Praxis w.t some rare obs:
This Author gives us Hopes
he would make one of y.e best
observations in Europe had he 
lived longer for he died very soon
Antonius Manid Valsalva has 
given us a very elegant & exact
Treatise de Aure Humana where
in are contained several Discove
-ries challenged by Vicassens;
He's y.e Discover of some few 
Muscles about y.e Larynex 
A little before he died he 
gave to y.e Journal de Jeavans

437
a Protest of a Duct going from
y.e Capsula Renales down to 
y.e Testicles
The World was long expecting
what this Duct wou'd prove
w.n Mr Rasby Surgeon to y.e 
[?] of England's Household part
into y.e Philosophical Transacti
-ons a Paper therein relating 
that after an acurate Dissection
& subtle Injection. He had 
observed an Artery going from 
y.e Capsulo Renales into y.e
Testicles w.e he behaved had been

438
mistaken by Valsalva
This seemed Satisfactory eno' untill
1733 Morgagni who has long
promised to publish Valsalvas
Posthumous Works caused insert a
Paper into y.e Academic of Paris
wherein he tells us y.t he not 
only had seen Valsalvas Duct in
Several Animals as Fowls
Vipers & but oftener than once
in y.e Human Subject adding
for his opinion that its a 
principle organ in Genera

439
-tion w.e he pretends to prove by 
Experiment E.g.he found that 
upon calling convay y.e right Tes
-ticle & left Capsula Renalis
it thereby became w.t.out either
fecundating y.e she or having Define
for Generation: Hence he wou'd 
infer y.t it was y.e want of y.e 
Capsula Renale is since oys wise
one Testicle is sufficiant for 
impregnating y.e female

440 
To Dominicus Sandorinus 
began very early to publish Pieces
w.e are nothing comparable to 
his large Book of Observations 
w.e is certainly a very exact Work
but I'm affraid he has been
too liberal in giving us new Muscles
for in y.e Abdomen he has added
2 or 3 pair to y.e 5 & so goes on 
But at y.e same Time adds
y.t these are only observable in 
a full grown robust Man who
has been mared to hard Labour
all w.e gives me Ground

441
to suspect 'em to be no more than
Membranes assuming a Muscular
appearance w.e sometimes they
are ready to do in such subjects
as he names especially if any 
Blood has been spill on 'em
w.e indissecting they can't miss to 
have what confirms this opinion
is his describing a Muscle crossing
y.e suture w.e connects y.e ofs a 
Mata & Maxittania Suprenora
where it has only to cross an 
unmoveable Suture there being 
neither Veinsor ought also to 
require or receive any assistance

442
from it action From this 
y.e may judge of this Minuteness
He's a practical Physician at Venice
[cross out]
To: Bantisla Morgagnis is a 
very Sufficient & learned Man & cer
-tainly among y.e first Anatomists
now in y.e World
He first appeared in it by pub
-lishing a Vol of Advertania Anal 
1706 wherein he describes some 
Parles not know before
He next heals of some Parts w.e
tho' known to y.e Ancients had 
been neglected by later Anatomists

443
& attributes y.e Honour of Dis
-coveries to their real Authors &
also gives more exact Descriptions
of parts commonly taken notice
of
This is certainly a well write
& useful Book & had he continued
to publish his adversaria in y.e
same Manner y.e World had been 
greatly indebted to him
This he designed & wou'd have 
performed had not an unlucky 
Event make him determine oys

444
-wise. It was thus Mangelus 
Physician to y.e K of Prassia
being about this Time to publish
his Bibliotheca Anatomica allowed
Bianchi to insert therein foolish
& ill natured critical Notes on 
Morgagmus adversaria whereof 
in y.e Mean Time poor Magnetus
was ignorant y.t he sent a Copy
of his Book to Morgagni in
a Compliment desiring his opi
-nion of it & at y.e Same Time

445
to recommend it to his Scholars
Morgagni upon looking into it 
was not a little Surprised to find 
himself y.e only Man taken to 
Task & y.t too in such a Manner
instead of recommending it he un
-der took to criticise upon it & 
expose its Errors & this indeed
in y.e 3 following adversania he
does to some Purpose in very
bitter & salynical; but at y.e some
Time very just Remarks
After these were ended he

still going on Magnetus & Bi
-anchi were now too take convinced
of their Errors in being such 
an Energy upon 'em & finding 
him too much their Superior vepant
& for y.t Reason apply to Lanugish
y.e Popes Physician & a Pathron
of Morgagnis on whom he 
also had some Dependence to 
interceed w.t Morgagni in their 
behalf
He promises to undertake y.e 
Negoriation & accordingly makes

up y.e Peace on their asking
Morgagni's Pardon & gives their 
Word of honour never to meddle
w.t him more but still Morgagni
goes on in his Animadversion
on y.e Bibliotheca w.t this Difference
y.t where he blamed y.e Author
calling such & such Things Artho
-nis Incania/he now softens the 
Phrase turning it into operatoram
Incuria giving also such like Times
to y.e oyps: However y.e some 
Spt. of Criticipn still prevailed


446 
in y.e Vols 3 whereof are published
are published
Branchi after this humbly 
being obliged to ask Pardon
cou'd not however keep free of 
Morgagni; for in his Historia
Hepatis he gives himm as ill 
Treatment as formerly falling 
foul of him in a most extra
-vagant Manner
Lancisc being now dead these
2 fall again by y.e Ears Mor
-gagni being nettled at this 


447
2d Affront writes agst him several
Lers wherein he shews Branchi
to be a blunding Fellow & exposes
his Error almost in every Line
Geo: De Noves commonly called
Novesius Professor of Anatomy
at Bononia was some Time ago
much talked off & very famous for 
having invented y.e way of taking
y.e Figs of y.e Parts in Wax
This is a very pretty Art but 
for want of Human Subjects he 
has been obliged to use Brutes
an Instance where of I saw

448
at London w.e w.n a young Ana
-tomist startled me for looking into
y.e Thorax I saw a long Conoid
Heart perpendicular towards y.e 
Middle of y.e Human as also
3 or 4 Inches of a Vena Cava
about y.e Diaphragm none of 
w.e obtain in y.e Human Subject
Hence it appears he had put y.e 
Entrails of a Quadruped w.t in 
y.e [cross out]
Tegumento of a Man otherwise
it was a very accurate Perfo

449
-mance
To: Maria Lancise y.e 
Peopes Physician published se
-veral Pieces on Anatomy such 
as de Mortibus Subitancis de Gan
-gliys newoman & e Some Things
also he has inserted w.t Morgagns
adversania; but what we are 
so much indebted to him for is 
his being at so much Pains
to find out Euslachius Tables
so long hid w.e he publishes
w.t his own Text

450
This tho' neither so full nor
acurate as it might have been
for he sometimes misnames y.e
Parts & oys Times neglects
those that are most remarkable
is yet better than possibly can 
be expected if we consider he 
was near 70 years old before
they were found & long out of the 
Practice of Anatomy living 
in Court & besides having an 
Episcopal Charge under his

451
Care wherefore making these 
Allowances far being from opinion
w.t some People y.t his Works 
ought to be
We certainly owe him a great 
Deal of Thanks
To Baphisla Bianchi having
been complimented first w.t y.e Titular
Name of Professor at Bononia was
then transported to Tisin a City
belonging to y.e K of Sardinia 
wherein had been a College w.e
was for a long Time in little

Esteem, but was again re
-paired & had new Professors put
into it, whereof Bianchi was 
one
About this Time it was opened
w.t a great Eclat & if we 
need y.e Acco.t. given thereof in
y.e [BiblioMeq?e] Italique/ on
Journal Seavons/Anatomy made 
one of y.e most glorious appear
-ances y.t ever was seen, for it 
says y.t besides y.e many skele
-tons Prepons & Figs done by 
y.e greatest Masters there was 

exposed a subject inline & un
-touched to every Bodies Eye
w.e he has so disposed y.t he 
begins & takes of y.e scar of skin
then y.e true afterwards y.e Muscles
Blood Vessels Nerves & still
he brot of all nothing but y.e 
Bones remaining afterwards he 
put all these parts on again
in such a Manner y.t he left
y.e Subject inline as he found it 
This might have had a 
better title to be credited had it

452
been inserted in a 3d Hand;
But y.e Aud.t is particular
Mr. Bianchi must have been
y.e Author. This Historia Hepatis
was already mentioned
This came out first in
a very which 4to in y.e 2d Edit
it made 2 & now there's a 3 w.e 
I've not seen/in 3 vols to y.e
Lord knows where y.e History of 
y.e Liver will go
One Advantage he reaps by Mor
-ganis Remarks y.t always w.n 
his Errors are exposed he

453
takes opportunity to correct 'em
by w.e means it may come out
at Length a very perfect Work
To: Fantonius unites sever
-al Pieces to y.e best Advantage
& gives a very exact Description
of the Thorax & abdomen
but there's nothing in him very
considerable
Next
Ja Veruilonius writes a Treatise 
de Glandulis osophage Conglomera
-lis where he adpots a wild opi
-nion y.t several of these glands

454
separate by Exceptions into y.e
Osophagns a little sort of 
Worm w.e by its gnawing or 
-casioned Hunger He also 
writes a Treatise on y.e Lives
Venerea 
Antonius Valisneus published
several Pieces on y.e comparative
Anatomy as y.e Dissection of y.e 
Chamolion a monshurous last
& He also write a Treatise 
on Generation
here stop
Having ended y.e British French

455
& Italians of this Country
I'll conclude w.t y.e Germans
& Dutch
The History of y.e Germany
Authors who write from y.e Begin
-ing of y.e 18th Century to y.e present
Time
I already took notice of their Society
w.e now begins to be very irregular
having published but 2 Vols since
y.e 1720
Besides this in Germany there are
ous of less note y.t commonly 
heat of practical cases

456
of such kind is y.e auta Medi
-corum Berohnensium of y.e In
-quiries of y.e Physicians of 
y.e Brandenburgh Academy in
stituted & earned on by Dr. Bonlby
who is dead But Cadenus promises
to continue it tho' yet he has pub
-lished nothing
There's also another w.e still their
writings Miscellanea Physics-Medics
Mathematica Urahslacntea of Bres
-law Transactions write in high


457
Dutch; The undertaker of this
of this also is dead but another
Physician has taken it up al
-ready published some Books pro
-mising still to go on w.t it & 
indeed this is y.e Country where most
of such Performances can be 
carried on for in Germany no 
man can get a Character or
be made a Professor before he 
has acquitted himself in writing
something & this made be said in 
Favour of their Writings that 
if they want p.t to be

458
found in oys Nations they make
it up by their Learning for if
y.e have a German on any Sub
-ject you'll probably have Quota
-tions from y.e Authors y.t ever
treated thereon & there opinions
w.t a new one of his own
The first of y.e private Au
-thors
To: Gothopedus Bergerus 
Professor at Willenburg write a 
Physiology at Wittenburg write
a Physiology upon
He's most borrowed


459
tho' reckon'd by 'em a standard
Book He was a Man of a 
considerable Reputation but no 
Practical Anatomist
Adam Thebesius published
a Thesis wherein he pretends to 
y.e Discovery of y.e Coronary Veins
emplying 'emselves into y.e Caverty 
of y.e Heart
Abraham Valems Professor
at Wittenberg & Successor to Ber
-gems pretends to be a Discover
-er in Anatomy as to have ob
-served a Diverticulum at y.e 

460 
Entry of y.e Duct Cholidelius
into y.e Derodenum for mixing
y.e Bile & pancreatic Juice
He also disputes w.t Ruysch 
about y.e Discovery of some of 
y.e Sublinguary Glands & adds
to Morgagnis Description of 
y.e excretory Duct of one of 
'em. He published nothing but 
a Treatise on y.e Physiology & 
some Papers on y.e Ephime
-nides Germania 
Herman Thed Teich

461
Meyeus Professor at Gene
made a great noise in y.e World
by pretending to discover a new Bone
in y.e Ear but w.t. very little 
Reason
Laurentius Herslenus seems at 
present to be y.e Princess Ana
-tomia in Germany has been fre
-quently advanced to higher & higher
Nations & Salaries in different 
Universities as first at Alfort
then at Berlin w.e he has lest 
to be Professor of Botany at 
Helmslad & is now in y.t Hatison

462
at Vienna
He writes a Book w.e is an ex
-ceeding good manual for such as 
have already a very good Notion of
the parts & for such only or those
who take a Course of his College
& takes Notice to explain a great 
many terms w.e he uses w.t out
giving us y.e meaning of 'em
His last Edit is by far y.e best
where he gives Authories for his
Description in w.e also he's much
larger than in any of y.e

463
former
Some Time ago he thought 
himself a considerable Discoverer
in Anatomy a list whereof he 
has in his Heister de Anatomia
in hoc soculo; but they come
out to be little else than Names
Toh Peyeus/son to conradus
who writes Parerga/writes a Book
of obs in Anatomy wherein are 
some Things pretty good on y.e 
comparative part but he's not 
pretend much to Humany Anatomy



484
To: Thew Professor at Morem
-berg made some Noise in y.e World
a while by a Paper Heister
caused him to be put into y.e
Natura eanos wherein he claimed
y.e Discovery of y.e Seramoid
Bone at y.e origin or Insertion
of y.e Gashomemij Muscles but 
upon seeing further about him 
y.t both Vesalius & Enslachius
& 5 or 6 more had each as well
as he described & delineated it

465
He causes insert another ac
-quainting y.e World there w.t
He found lately y.t Prepons
keep better in sys from Malt
Liquor than any oys sort
He also pretends y.t y.e Mem
-brana Mealus Auditor in turn
w.e in a Folus is a distinct
Membrane
In his Literanum at Noremberg
he has a Project to delineate all 
y.e Parts of y.e Human Body

466
as large as y.e Life
Next we have one who seems
to promise to make a consider
-able Fig
Balerus y.e son & Successor
of Abraham Valeius has some
observation pretty exact in y.e
Auta Eruditonum Leipfea as 
on y.e Bones Arteries particul
-arly y.e Subilavin /Ligaments
& oys Parts of y.e sole of 
y.e Foot in w.e last tho' he

467
has little new or uncommon he 
assumes a great Deal
Saltrmannus who is one
y.t for a considerable Time made
a pretty good Fig & is among
y.e first who rightly describes 
y.e Situation & of y.e Recep
-taculum Chyli & Thoracic Duct
in a Human Subject to w.e
he adds y.e Enckeirksis or Manner
of finding it in an Creature
His Successor at Shatsburg
Nicolar a young Gentle

468
man who from y.e Advertise
-ments in y.e Auta Eudotown
Leipsia seems to be one who 
will make pretty Fig in 
Anatomy
Chap 5th of 
The Dutch Authors who write
from 1700 to y.e present Time
In Holland we have some 
pretty men particularly y.e Professor
at Lyden where first was
Raw then Vanteorn Drelin

469
-court Nuck & Bidloo
To Jac Raw succeeded to y.e
last He has write nothing agt
Ruyshe wherein he exposes
him for assuming y.e Disco
-very of y.e Septum Scroli
& an oration de Method [os??]
-dendi where you'll find nothing
but Words
He was also a famous Litho
-tomist & improved on Frer
Jacques Method
He got y.e Process of y.e

470
Incus ascribed to him tho' un
-justly as was said already
To Broen has Pretensions
to y.e Coronary Veines w.e open
into y.e right Auricle & Ven
-tricle of y.e Heart
The successor to Raw is 
y.e present Professor at Lyden
Benardns Sigesped [??oi]
-nus who has set out w.t 
as much applause as most 
y.t ever filled y.t Chair. He after
a good Education & assiduous

471
application to Anatomy for some
years has published a few years
ago Raw's Life also an osleo
-logy w.e studying to be very La
-conic he made very difficult 
to be read & indeed in y.e Preface
after telling y.t it was non
since Labore makes giving a 
very good Character of it new
since Labore legendus 
Its in Truth a very accurate
Piece & very useful for such 
as are able to read it because 

472
every where he refers to y.e Figs
of different Authors for y.e
Descriptions He has also pub
-lished a new Edit of Eusla
-chius Cuttes w.t his own Text
wherein he has done a little
better than Lauceisi & connected 
his Mistakes has added a 
great Deal more & made it 
very complete
He has likewise promised 
an [a??ogenca] whether its 

473
published or no I can't tell
He's now said to be Author of 
Ruylish Art of injecting &
by y.e Prepons he had of Ruylish
& oys w.t what he made him 
self he has perhaps y.e best Collection
in Europe
Ta Hovius wrote a Treatise 
de Motu Circulari [H??mo??]
in Oculis w.e was first published
as an oration He here
corrects Neuck's Error of 
Making a Vein y.e Ductus

474
agnosus; but falls into another
himself by making 
an Artery assume y.e Name
He also demonstates some 
parts as in y.e Human Eye
w.e are only to be found in 
Butes so y.t from this we 
may conjecture whence he 
look his obs never having dissected
many Human Subjects
if any at all 
I will here bring in one

475
who tho' no Dutchman borders
on that Country I mean
Jean Palsyn Demonshalor 
of Anatomy at ghent
He appeared early in y.e World
as an Author by translating 
Lynenis on y.e Menshua & 
Swadmmerdam on y.e Womb
He also write an Osteology in 
Flemish w.e was translated
into Frence & for a long
Time believed to be y.e best

476
if its Kind; but what he did
latest & best in his Anotomic
Chynergical w.e is an Improvement
on Verheyen having
taken from most of his 
Cutts w.t out owning 'em
He has added to y.e end 
of each Chap Some obs on 
Practice from y.e structure
of y.e Parts very useful for 
all Surgeons & this Book 
for these Reasons Trecommend

477
-mend as y.e best last System
for Beginners/who understand
French/he having plain De
scriptions & most of y.e Modern
Discoveries, for he wanted on
Albinus Ruysch Winslow & 
Morgagni before y.e Publication
of y.t Book to see 
what Discoveries they wou'd
have him to insert of theirs
These make up all y.e 
Dutch & summary y.e History

478
of private Men for y.e Danes
seem to have forgot Anatomy
again & y.e Swedes [cross out] are
only beginning to make an 
apprearance by a society newly
found at [?pdal] much upon 
y.e Plan of y.e Royal Academie
at Paris & supported
by y.e K of Sweden 
There are almost one or 
2 more Societys w.e I shall
take occasion to mention

479
Chap 6th of 
The Several Societys [insl?hted]
in this Country
Palms Alaxowilz/Zar 
of Muscovy y.t potent & wonderful 
Monarch having endeavoured 
to reform a barbar
ous Netron thought it necessary 
whereto that he shou'd erect
an Academy w.e he did at y.e
chief City & gave a Patent 
for a Society to publish their 

480
Improvements & observations in 
all parts of Knowledge
Its upon a Footing some 
thing take y.t of Paris vir
y.e Academists have Salaries & 
go by y.e Name of Academica
Regalis Petrophlitana w.e tho' it 
was erected before y.e 1720 published 
nothing 'till 1726 their 
i.V! vol came out as did their 2d 
in 1728 & their 3d in 32
Their chief Men seem to be Mr
Du Verney Daniel Bermouille

481
& Baurtrneus
Mr Du Verney alone has y.e
Anatomical Papers of any note
where he gives a more exact
Description of y.e Lacteals in 
y.e great gutts & pretends he 
can discover 'em at any Time.
The Method whereof he keeps
to himself but it may be a 
Rhodomantade & y.t he actually
does not know any such way
if we may epress by his Description 
of y.e Elephant

482
He has an odd Conceit about 
y.e Redness of y.e Blood pretending 
he discovered in y.e Heart certain 
orifices discharging a Vermition 
coloured Liquor w.e as he 
pretends gives a Tinct: to y.e Blood
This have been nothing but some 
open orifices of Vessels w.e 
as they poured only y.e red Blood
gave Rise to such a Whim
& I can't help supporting y.t 
this Gentleman as he has

483
got into a Country where probably
his y.e first & may be y.e only
Anatomist imagines all Europe
in y.e Same Condition forgetting
what sort of Persons he had
left at Paris or else where for 
I take him to be Du Veneys
Negrhew whom I saw at Paris
& have since heard has disappeared 
& gone none knows
where
Another Society is y.t lately
instituted at Bonomia being

484
begun by a Company of young
Gentlemen but they never published 
any Thing till they were 
countenanced & supported by y.e
Count Marsighi who was a Man
well filled for y.e Camp on 
Cabinet excellently well acquainted
w.t all y.e Parts of Natural
Philosophy being particularly a 
great Botamist 
He was caressed by y.e Princes
in his Time & employed in 

485
many negotiations by y.e
& To of Spain & made General 
of y.e Emperor's Forces
ag Vl y.e Turks whom w.n he 
was overthrowing in pitched 
Battles upon y.e Danube he 
write at y.e same Time an
History of y.t Country River
& different Productions of 
Nature to be found there w.e
is esteemed y.e best of its Timid
He it was I say who encour
-aged this society of hopeful

486
& ingenious Gentleman to follow
their undertakings more vigorously
by building 'em a fine House & 
getting a Patent & some Salary
from y.e Pope to be annesced
to 'em
Their first Vol came out 1721
w.e was not 'till after Institution 
in 1709
Their Title is Academic de Institute
or Artrium & Scientianum Historia   
stop here
The last Ishale mention

487
is y.e medical Essays on Papers
published yearly in this Place
In these Essays you'll find 
some very good Remarks & Improvements 
in Physick & 
Surgery very well worth observing

488

489
Appendix
Containing a few Hints [conc?min
y.e uses of Anatomy in General
Having ended y.e History of Anatomy
a Quest naturally occurs
y.t is why have so many great
learned men taken up so much 
Time & been at so much Experence 
& Trouble in studying it or 
what may be y.e Advantage 
[ac?meing] there from
To this it may be easily answered

from y.e great Pains People
take & these of y.e best sort
& best parts to [aulti??te] it & 
y.e Regard prayed to those its Pro
fessons & y.e great Esteem they 
have always been held in we
may safely infer its uncontested
usefulness & indeed such it is y.t
few or none of y.e Arts or [Lec?nces]
but what are in some 
measure obliged to Anatomy 
Hence to give a particular

wou'd be an endless talk 
but we may notice a few of 
'em

490 
Sect: i.v! of
The uses of Anatomy to Divines
The Theologists have here y.e
most convincing Proofs of y.e 
Existence of a Supreme Being
whose infinite Wisdom is here 
so beautifully displayed in fashion
ing all our Members & all 
y.e Nicest Laws adjusting 'em
for their several Functions
w.e con'd never have been bro.t.
about by a fortuitous Jumbling
of Atoms no Chance con'd

491
ever have reared up this glorous
Fabrick w.e it acknowledgeth
only omnipotence for 
its Workman soil afford
y.e noblest Imployment for 
a Rational Soul for providing
he has made y.e Contemplation
of y.e Microcosm any 
part of his study he will find 
how tender how delicate is 
our structure; on what small
& almost imperceptible Spring
our well & life being depending this 
may be further improved

492
by any given to y.e least seniors
Turn of Mind who can't but 
thereby see their own littleness
& in what Dependence they live
on their Maker who tho' he wou'd
destroy him not only by y.e Breath
of his Nostrills but even by 
even by withdrawing his assistance
for a moment notwith
standing w.e he still continues
to cherish us in our Exigences
& minister in all our Necessities
This must in flame both our
Hearts w.t Love & insquire us

493
w.t gratitude to y.t God who 
is so good as to be both our Creator
& Preserver on all w.e Grounds
we have Reason to praise him 
saying w.t y.e holy Psalmist for 
I'm fearfully & wonderfully made 
& in they Book are all my
Members written No Wonder 
then y.t we should die, all y.e 
Wonder how we shou'd live
so long especially w.n by our
own Irregularities we often
do what is in us to hasten 
our own Ruin & pour down

494
Vengeance upon ourselves
Sect: 2d of 
The use of Anatomy to Lawyers
of undisputed use as they 'emselves
acknowledge by giving y.e
Name of Medico Legalis & 
Medico forensis to some parts
of their Art w.e is concerned
about no less than y.e prefer
vation of Life or inflicting 
of Death as in y.e Case of a 
Woman being suspected to murder
her own Child/ a Crime

495
too common in our Country
her ordinary Plea is y.t it was
dead born to determine y.e Justness
or Inpushness of this 
Recourse is had to Anatomy 
& y.e common Mark is y.t 
if y.e Lungs sink in Water
y.e Child was really as pretended
born dead, but on y.e contrary
if they swim in Water it was 
born alive,both ways however
may be deceitful being liable to 
objections; for if either some malicious
Persons having been

596 
acquainted w.t y.e Experiment 
& allowed to be near y.e Child then 
perhaps by Glowing up y.e Lungs
distend 'em after w.e they will 
swim as well as if the Child had
[cross out] breathed & tho' innocent
y.e Woman might by such 
as Escape of y.e Surgeon as not 
inquiring narrowly into y.e Case
to see if this might possibly happen
be sentenced injuniously
Another Quest is i/y.e Child has
been kept chill y.e Putrefaction
has advanced so far as to increase 
& generate air considerably there

497
again we may be led into y.e
same dangerous Error as before
opposite to these is y.e following
vir by strong Compression
made on y.e Thorase y.e Air
may be pressed out & y.e Lungs
collapse so much as to sink
& thus [cross out] the equilty Mother may be
set at Liberty but as this is 
y.e safe side its best to err
here shewing her our Mercury
I'm y.e fuller on this thereby
to expose those who relying on Some 
Fact w.t out some further Consideration
give their Judgement

498
Another Case wherein Anatomy
assists y.e Lawyers is w.n [?oo]
Persons quarreling y.e one to appearance
kills y.e oys by a Blow
or Round. Now is this affair
its our Business to determine
wherether y.e Blow or Wound 
was such as necessarly look
away y.e Persons Life; indeed in 
our Law this is of no Avail; for 
its Rigor is such y.t if y.e wounded
Person dics in such a prefixed
Time y.e oys is condemned w.t out
or by this Malicious Intention agst 
y.e Defunct is proven

499
Bit its no so in oys Nation
being intirely referred to y.e Determination
of y.e Surgeons & 
indeed it wou'd be y.e hardest
Case in y.e World if I happening
to discord w.t. a Person who 
had a Vomica Pulmonum w.e
probably wou'd soon have cut him
off shoud w.t. a harmless Weapon
give him a Blow upon an 
indifferent part whereby he was
so enraged y.t in y.e Heat of Passion
his Vomica broke & choacked him
w.t out my having almost any 
stand at all in it, it wou'd I say

500
be very hard y.t I for this shou'd
lose my life

501
Sect 3d of 
The use of Anatomy to Philosophers
At one has a Philosophical 
Turn of Minnd nothing more enlarges
his Views & refines his Ideas than
Anatomy
It fills y.e mind for Contempelation
& affords y.e Nicest & exactest Examples
of y.e Perfection of every
Branch of natural Philosophy 
for where are y.e Laws of Hydranlics
so displayed as in our 
Fluids in y.e Circulation there of 
or those of Mechanics in 

502
in y.e Action of our Soldr
The Camera obscure is much
improved; but is still short &
ever will be of y.t most exquisile
Camera obscure y.e
Eye where y.e most distinct 
object is represented most distincity
y.e largest most exactly
& y.t in very small Bounds
representing to our Minds all 
y.e different Distances after 
a surprising Manner
Here are also y.e Laws of 
optics most Laurately observed

503
in y.e little Rine Glalidid w.e
find sound so nicely varied so quickly
transmitted & such a Variety of 
Notes exerted so easly y.t no 
Art can imitate
The Ear is a most complete 
system of Acconflics at 
a very small Distance of 
Time representing either y.e 
most hideous & most melodiones
sounds by y.e Help only of y.e
tremulous Motion of y.e Ear
illustrating each according to 
its different Degrees of Tension

504
in all Proportions w.n musical 
Justs notwithstanding calling in y.e
Assistance of different Holes
Chords & can only make their 
Notes increase or decrease by 
or harmonical Proportion.
In short to number up
all y.e Parts of Anatomy y.t 
give Improvements to natural 
Philosophy wou'd be a repeating 
all y.e parts of Anatomy y.t
give Improvements to natural 
Philosophy wou'd be a repeating

505
all y.e [cross out] 
[cross out] 
[cross out] whereof it [con????] 
for we have all y.e Properties
of [P?llies] Levers Wedges & most
elegantly observed in Anatomy
Sect: 4th of 
The uses of Anatomy to Painters
& Statuaries 
Here also Anatomy in by no 
means unnecessary w.t out y.e
Knowledge of Anatomy & y.t a 
very exact one too particularly

512
of y.e Bones & Muscles 'tis impossible
to be a famous Artist
in any of these Professions, Aud
its said of these of y.e greatest 
Reputation of 'em y.t they have
first delineated y.e Bones then
cloathed 'em w.t Muscles & afterwards
put on y.e Feguments 
above all 

513
Sect:5th of 
The use of Anatomy to Physicians
To Physicians the 
Knowledge of Anatomy is so 
useful & necessary y.t it wou'd
only cloud & darken y.e Matter
to produce Instances there of 
tho' Thousands may be numbered
where w.t out a most exact &
minute Knowledge of the 
Parts we are in y.e greatest
Hazard of erring in our Judgements 
of Practical Cases not

506
withstanding what some People
have endeavoured to inculcate
y.e Contrary

507
Sect: 6th of 
The use of Anatomy to y.e Surgeons
Here seems to be y.e proper Province
 of Anatomy wherein
not any Thing can be done
w.t safety by a Person unacquainted
w.t y.e Structure of y.e Body 
about w.e he's imployed



508
Index Auctorum
Academia Regalis Petropolitana
Academic de Cimento
del Institue
de Science
Achillenus/Alexander/
Agineta/Paulus
Alius
Albinus/Bernardins Sigesfred
Albucasis
Alcmoon
Alcmoon
Alexowritr/Pelms/
Aquapendente/Fabuicius ab/
Arantius/Julius Cosar

Arolius 
Archagathus
Anistolle
Ascleprades
Assellius/Casparus/
Aurelius/Colius/
Avicenna
Academia Natura canios
Aeta Haffnicentia
Medicoum Berolin
Medico-Physica
B:
Baglini/Georgius
Baptista

Bartholine/Caspar Junr
Semr.
Thos.s.
Ballams
Bavaus & Balavus
Ballinger/Doctor/
Bellini/Laurentices/
Benedictns/Hesct/
Bergenus/To: Gothopedns/
Bianchi/To: Baptista/
Bidloo/Gothofredus/
Bills/Ludovicus de/
Biurdius 
Blasius Gerandus/


509
Blegny/du/
Boe/Sybins de la/
Bohn/To:/
Borellus/To:Alphonsus
Bolallus/Leonardus
Breslan Transactions
Broron/Dr. To:/
           To:/Junr
Burnerus/To: Conradus
Cosalpinus/Andreas
Carpns/Berengaus Ja/
Casserius/Julius
Cassius

510
Calsus/Antus Cornelius/
Charier/Joseph de/
Cheselden/Mr. William/
Coiter/Volchms/
Columbus/Realdns/
Cowpar/Mr. William
D:
Democritus
Dremerbroeck/JSbrandus/
Diorles
Dionis
Douglas/Dr Jas:/
Drake/Jacobus/
Drelincount/Charles/7


Elliot/W/
Empedoules
Eplrmerides Germanica
Erasishatus
Euslchius/Bastholomous
Eusonius/Henricus
F
Fallop/Gabriel
Frontonius/To:/
Fernelius/ To:Ambianus
Folius/Cosdius/
Folovius/Jacobus/

511
G:
Gagliardi
Galemus/Claudius
Garengeot/Jar Croisant de/
Gibson/Thos
Glisson
Graaf/Regnenus de
Gulielini/Dominicus
H:
Harvey/Dr William/
Hawers/Clopton
Heister/Lauhentius
Hierophitus

Highmore/Nathaniel/
Hippocrates
Hoffman/Caspar
/To: Murtius
Hovius/Ja:
Hyperus
J:
Jasolinus/Julius
Ingrassius/To: Philip ab/
K
Keil/Dr Ja/
L
Lanap/To:Maria


512
Laurentius/Andreas/
Leones/To:Baptisla
/Carcannus/
Lealis/Leal
Lemery/Joseph
Ludoviuas
Libavius
Lower/Richard
Lucana
Lusenus Michael
M:
Malpighius/Marcellus/
Marchetti/Dominicas de/

Masva/Nicolaus/
Medical Essays
Merbominus/Henricuas
Meri/Jean/
Milesius
Morgagni/To: Baphisla/
Mundinus
Munick/To:
Muralta/To:de
N:
Needham/Waller/
Nemisuis
Nicolai

513
Noves v: Novesius/Georgeus de
Nuch/Antonius/
O
Oribasius
P:
Pan/Peter/
Pacchionius/Antonius/
Palfyn/Jean/
Parey/Ambrose/
Pauli/Simon/
Pecqnet/To:/
Philippue
Perojerus/To:/

528
Philosophical Transactions
Pecothominus/Archanegelus/
Pinaus/Severimas
Platerus
Plato
Plemprius Baphista Forhmatus
Plinous
Plenuis/Caius 2dees/
Posthius
Pyshagoras
R
Raw/To: Jac/
Redi/Tranciscus/

514
Ridley/Dr Umphray
Riolanus/To:Junr
Robinson/Dr Bryon/
Rolsinchius/Guernus/
Royal Society
Rufus
Rulley/Dr
Ruysch/Frederick/
C:
Saltzmannus
Sandonius/To: Dominicus/
Schetlamer/Gunthernus Christopihi/
Schneider/Conradus Victor

Schola Salermitana
Seveuinus/Marcus Aurelins/
Spigelins/Ta:/
T
Taury/Daniel/
Thales
Thebesius/Adam/
Trallianus/Alexs/
Trew/D/
Tyson/Dr Edward
V:
Valisneues/Anton:/

515
Valsalva/Antonius Mania
Valverda/To:/
Vander Linden/To Antonides
Vantorn/To:/
Vanporn/To:/
Varohus/Constantinus/
Valeris/Abraham/
Verellonius/Ta:/
Verdue/Jean Baptist/
Verheyen/Philippus/
Verney/Joseph du/
Verner/Du/

Vesalins/Andreas/
Veslingius/To:/
Vidus/Vidius/
Visussens/Raymuned/
W:
Wharton/Tho:/
Willis/Tho.s.
Winslow/ Jacque Benigne/
Wirtzunguis
Wood Dr
Womius/Olaus/
Lodiacus Medicus Gallicus

516
Dr. Nicholas Lecturer
in Anatomy at Oxford in 1733
published a comprendium Anatomicam
It was 3 Discourses read at y.e Theatre
of y.e College of Physicians at y.e
Guestonian Theatre/a 4th Pamphlet
/where there's nothing new 
relating to y.e Structure of the
Parts but some very odd Physi
ological opinions at first y.t.
y.e right Auricle Pulmonary
Artery & y.e best Ventricle
contract at once & y.t Ventricle

left Auricle & Aorta are 
Synchnonous to each oys but
asynchronous to y.e former 
three
In answer to this first its 
plain from y.e Autopsy in y.t y.e
Doctrine is false
2dly As he has advanced no Arguments
to support it a bare 
Denyal of it is a sufficient 
answer; but it seems to be 
found on a supposition y.t 
its evidently false vir: y.t

517
y.e Veins are alternately dilated
& contracted as well as y.e Artenis
w.e of lime there might indeed
be some Ground for this 
opinion for then y.e 2 Veno
Cavo wou'd contract & distend
y.e right Auricle at y.e same
Time y.t y.e Aortas contracted
& w.n. y.e lest Ventricle was
relaxed y.t this Auricle shou'd
contract at y.e same w.t that 
Ventricle & as to y.e Pulmonary

518
Artery its plain it must ever
be Synchronous to y.e right 
Auricle & so all there three
according to y.e Doctor wou'd
contract at once
In like Manner of we
suppose a Pulsation in y.e Pulmonary
veins we will find 
y.t y.e left Auricle must be
dilated & contracted at y.e same
Time w.t y.e right Ventricle & 
Aorta. But as y.t supposition 
is false therefore this Doctrine

519
must be rejected
With Relation to y.e Circulation
of y.e Blood in a Folus he says
y.t y.e Blood of y.e ascending Cava
is filter for all y.e Animal
Functions than y.t in y.s descending
& y.t y.e Foramen being pushed
into y.e Sinus venosus w.n y.e
night Auricle is contracted & 
y.e left one is relaxed must 
pass by y.e Foramen ovale
into it from y.t into y.e left
Ventricle thence thro' y.e ascending

520
Aorta while y.e Blood of y.e
descending Cava coming to the
Heart w.n y.e right Auricle is
relaxed passes thro' it into y.e
right Ventricle & Pulmonary
Artery where part of it passes
into y.e descending Aorta by 
y.e Ductus Arteriosus while
y.e rest returns to y.e left Auricle
to be mixed w.y y.e pure Blood
of y.e ascending Cava
He likewise assents y.t y.e

521
ascending & descending Aorta
contract & are dilated at different
Times
In answer to all w.e its 
evident y.t its all built upon
a supposition of a Pulsation
in u.e Veins & y.t this is at 
different Times in y.e 2 veno
Cava because y.e 2 Aorta/ to
Speak so are asynchronons
in their Pulsations
But thenn Mr. Mauriceau


522
affirms y.t y.e Umbilical & 
Radical Arteries beat exactly
at y.e same Time & it may 
be easily tryed in a new born
Child: But if one shou'd say
y.t from y.e Dr own Audt
of this whole Affair there 
wou'd be not Pulsation in 
y.e descending Aorta at all
for its plain y.t w.n y.e left
Ventricle is contracting y.e

523
inferior Aorta must distended:
But as soon as this 
is over w.n y.e Artery shou'd
contract itself by y.e Contraction
of y.e right Ventricle it must
be kept distend by y.e Blood
thrown into it by y.e [Ca??lis]
Arteriosus, so y.t really one
part of his Doctrine is repugnant
to y.e oys But 2dly 
I believe his supposition
as to y.e Quality of y.e Blood in 
y.e 2 Veno Cava will not

be granted him & y.t for very
good Reasons such as y.t y.e Blood
coming from y.e inferior parts
of y.e Body has nourished these
as well as y.t coming from y.e
Superior parts has nourished 'em
It has suffered more secretions
from it nor can y.e Blood in 
y.e Umbilical Vein much supply
this Desect since its mostly
made up of Blood formerly 
sent by y.e Umbilical Arteris

w.e by this supposition is 
very effete Besides if we go 
in w.t his Doctrine we must
Suppose y.t 2 homogeneous
Liquors may meet in y.e same
Vessel & yet not be blended
together also what shou'd determine
y.e whole Blood of y.e 
ascending Cava to move up
y.e ascending Branches of y.e
Aorta & none of it to be distributed
to y.e descending Aorta

524
if he alledges y.t y.e whole
Blood in y.e left Ventricle is 
distributed to y.e ascending Aorta
then he must have given his 
inanimate senseless Fluid
a Power to go rather one way 
than another 
In short this scheme is so full
of Inconsistencies & Contradictions
y.t I believe never was 
broached in y.e World an opinion
So absurd never one so contrary

525
contrary to Experiments & observations
nor so utterly in 
consistent w.t y.t Beaty & Regularity
y.t order & complete
Symmetry every where so conspicuous
in y.e Animal Oronomy
Mr Mesc Munno Professor
of Anatomy at Edinr has already
made a considerable Fig: & promises
still to make a greater
He's a Man excellently well 
acquainted w.t y.e structure of 


526
y.e Human Body & has a more
than ordinary Knowledge in
y.e Animal Oconomy is excallently
well skilled in surgery
& in short in every Branch
of Physick & Medicine
& as he reads a great Deal
of both ancient & modern
Authors he understands y.e present
State of Anatomy & Medicine
better perhaps then any in
this gland

527
In 1726 w.n he was 28 years
of age & has been 7 years
Professor he published a treatise
on y.e Bones w.e was a very
correct Piece & write in an 
agreeable way containing a 
good Deal on y.e Nature & 
Mechanism of y.e Bones in 
general as well as ancient 
of y.e Diseases to w.e they are
subject
This he has done in healing

528
of y.e Bones in general &
has followed y.e Same Method
in healing y.e particular Bones
& his Reasoning on y.e Structure
& Diseases of y.e parts is 
always very ingenious & 
often new as to any little Discoveries
in y.e Description
of y.e Bones
I shall not here recite 
'em. In 1732 he published a 
2d Edit of Anatomy of y.e

529
Bones w.t Additions chiefly
in y.e Reasoning Part & added
to it a very pretty Treatise
on y.e News w.t an Audt
of y.e Motion of y.e Heart
& y.e best Description we
have of y.e Lacteal sack 
& Duct
He's chief Promoter of 
y.e medical Essays of w.e 
afterwards 
I shall bring in here Doctor

530
Adam Huln Professor at 
Dantrish who in 1732 published
Tabulo Anatomica & 
in w.e there are not very
much The most
remarkable Thing in it is 
contrary to Heister & Palfyn
who denyed Meno's Duct going
between y.e Nose & Mouth
to be previous in y.e recent 
Subject; but several oys

531
Creatures as Dogs Calves &
& gives y.e Manner of having
it vid: Med: Essays & also
there you'll find an Audt
of an Elevatory Cattseter contrated
by him for y.e Bladder
of y.e fair sesc in performing
y.e high operation 
for y.e stone

532
In 1731 Several Physicians
& Surgeons in Edinr found 
'emselves into a Society & printed
Proposals for raising & publishing
yearly such Medical Essays
& observations as shou'd be 
sent 'em from all y.e different
Quarters of Europe 
to w.e they were to prefix
an Acco.t. of y.e State of 
y.e Air Quantity of Rain 
& Epidemic Disorders

533
& at y.e Eund of each vol:
to give a short Acco.t. of all y.e
most remarkable Discoveries 
in Medicine made in any 
part in Europe
In Pursuance of these Proposals
They published their first vol: in 
y.e End of year 1732 tho' the 
Tittle Page bears 33 where in y.e
Preface they give Reasons y.t 
put 'em to this undertaking 
an Acco.t. of y.e Manner in

534
w.e they have disposed y.e Several Papers
& y.e Method w.e they intend to observe
for y.e future, then a Description of 
Edinr an Audt of y.e State of 
y.e Air & Epidemical Diseases 
during y.e year 1731, then they
give y.e Several Papers y.t.
had been sent 'em; y.e most
remarkable of w.e are infested
by W. Mins who has nearly
one 3d of y.e Papers in this 
Vol:,l besides y.t his Authors

535
of y.e Aud.t. of y.e Several
Books y.t are published & y.e 
Discoveries made in Medicine
His most remarkable Papers
are upon insecting y.e Vesels
of Animals on y.e Articulation
of y.e lower Jaw & y.e use of 
y.e Digashick Muscles upon
Tapping for y.e Dropsy &
The 2d vol: was published in 
1733 where above 1/3 of y.e 
Book is y.e same Gentleman's

Here we have a long & learned
Acco.t. of y.e Nutrition of y.e
Folus' in Answer to a Paper
by Mr. Gibson in y.e former
Vol: on y.e same subject also 
on Acco.t. of y.e Arteries & y.e
Aneurism w.t. Several oyps
The 3d Vol: was published 
in 3 h in w.e Mr Mours has 
also a great many Papers as 
on mineral Waters on preparing
& preserving Animals

on y.e Dissection of y.e Lachrymal
Canals & so this 
Society continue to publish their
Essays & in each Vol: there
are a great many ingenious
Essays & obs: besides these 
Papers of Mr Monroe's
The most remarkable Men
are besides Mr Monro Dr Geo:
Martin Poterfield Plummer
Thomson,l Drummond Barry
Simpson, Alslon Wargh, Louis

Pringle Potter at London surgeons
Mrs Paisly Jannison
Gibson &
It would be foreign to my perpously comment
and Physican Papers, only imery venture
tosery 13th Alaltes this a wash wth Nemo purile                              
earthen potarit
[illegible]                               







Jon

Med. Hish
MS.
B
35
John