Kg v REGULATIONS ^4 F O R T H E ORDER and DISCIPLINE O F T H E W> TROOPS .OF THE UNITED STATES. TO WHICH IS ADDED, An A P P END I X, CONTAINING THE UNITED STATES' MILITIA ACT, Paffed in Congrefs, May, 1792. A new EDITIO N,'illuftrated by eight Copperplates, ACttirately engraved. ------------—__-4___________ by B A R O N de S i::UB„K1N, ■ ' ' ' ' o ' Lafe Major General and Infpeclor Gpreral of the Army of the United States1'i —"-- ilX'- ° jpn'nteH at Cjtttiv, by HENRT RAN LET, for THOMAS fcf ANDREWS, Fauft's Statue, No. 46, Newbury-Street, Bofton. MDCCXCIV. In CONGRESS, 29th March, 1779. CONGRESS judging it of the greateji import- ance to prefcvibe fame invariable rules for tht Order and Difcipline of the Troops, efpecially for the t purpofe of introducing an uniformity An their forma- tion and manoeuvres, and in the fervice of the camp : Ordered, That the following Regulations he ob~ ferved hy all the trdops of the United States, and that all general and other Officers caufe the fame to be executed with all pofjtbh exaStnffs. By Order, JOHN J AT, Prefident. Atteft, Charles Thompson, Secry. Ex trail of an Ail for the Regulating and Governing the Militia of the Commonwealth of Majachu- fettj. Pajed June 22, 1793. " '« \ XjlND be it farther erjafted hy the au- thority aforefaid, That the rules of difcipline ap- proved and eftahlijhed by Congrefs, in. th&refofations jf the twenty-ninth day of March, one thoufand fe- ven hundred and fevenly-nine, pall be the rules and regulations of dAfcrpline, to be obferved by the Mili- tia of this Commonwealth -, except fuch deviations from /aid rule*, as may be treceffary by the rcquifi- tions of this a&, or feme other unavoidable circum- fiances \ and every Officer receiving a commiffion in the Militia, Jhall immediately provide himfelf with a b. ok containing thofe rules." 0 REGULATIONS, &c. CHAP. I. , •Of- the Arms and Accoutrements rf ikt Officers, Non-commiffibned Officers] and Soldiers. THE arms and accoutrements of the officers, non- commiffioned officers, and foldier*i},\fliouTd be uniform throughout. Thesofficm who exercife Iheir fonftiohs On norfeb&k, are to be armed with fw-ords, the platdon -dfficers wkh fwords and efpontoons, the non-commiflioned officers wrSi fwords, firelocks, and WybHets, and the foldiers with fire- locks and bayonets. ..,----........._ CHAP.IJ. Objecls with which the Officers &nd Non-commiffion- ed Officers Jkould be acquainted. T.H E officers and non-commiflioned -officers of each regiment, are to be perfectly acquainted with the manual exercife, marchings and firings, that they may be able to inftruct their.fbldiers when jiecefiary ; they muft alfo be acquainted with the drefs, difcipline, and police of the troops, and with every thing that relates to the ferviee. The commanding-officer of„each regiment is to be an- fwerable for the general inftruction of the reghroent, and is to exercife, or caufe to be exercifed, the officers, non-corn- miffioned officers, and foldiers, whenever he thinks proper. 4 CHAP. III. Oj the Formation of a Company. (Plate I. Figure i.) A COMPANY is to be formed in two ranks, at one pace diftance, with the talleft men In the rear, and both ranks fized, with the fhorteft men of each in the centre. A company thus drawn up is to be divided into two fec- tions or platoons ; the captain to take poft on the right of the firft platoon, covered by a ferjeant: the lieutenant on the right of the fecond platoon, alfo covered by a fer- jeant ;the enfign four paces behind the centre of the com- pany ; the firft ferjeant two paces behind the centre of the firft platoon, and the eldeft corporal two paces behind the fecond platoon ; the qther two corporals are to be on the flanks of the front rank. ■" ■ I.- ■ i ' , i 11 —»—-•— CHAP. IV. Of the Formation of a Regiment. (Plate I. Figure t. and 3.) A REGIMENT is to confift of eightcompanies, which- are to be pofted in the following order, from right to left. Firft captain's* Colonel's. Fourth captain's. Major's. Third captain's. Lieutenant colonel's. Fifth captain's. Second captain's. For the greater facility in manoeuvring, each regiment confifting of more than one hundred and fixty files, is to be formed in two battalions, (fig. 2.) with an interval of twenty paces between them, and one colour pofted in the centre of each battalion ; the colonel fifteen paces before the centre of the firft battalion ; the lieutenant-colonel fifteen paces before the centre of the fecond battalion ; the major fifteen paces behind the interval of the two batt- alions j the adjutant two paces from the major ; the drum 5 and fife-major two paces behind the centre of the firft batt- alion ; their places behind the fecond battalion being fupplied by a drum and fife ; and the other drums and fifes equally divided on the wings of each battalion. When a regiment is reduced to one hundred and fixty files, it is to be formed in one battalion, with both colours in the centre; the colonel fixteen paces before the col- ours ; the lieutenant colonel eight paces behind the col- onel ; the major fifteen paces behind the centre of the batt- alion, having the adjutant at his fide ; the drum and fife major two paces behind the centre of the battalion j and the drums and.fifes equally divided on the wings. Every battalion, whether It compofe the whole, or only half of a regiment, is to be divided into four divi- fions and eight platoons ; no platoon to confift of lefs than ten files j fo that a regiment confifting of lefs than eighty files, cannot form a battalion, but muft be incorpo- rated with fome other, or employed on detachment. In cafe of the abfence of any field officer, his place Is to be filled by the officer next in rank in the regiment; and in order that the officers may remain with their refpe«5Kve companies, if any company officer is abfent, his place fhall be fupplied by. the officer next In rank in the fame com- pany ; but fhould it happe.i that a company is left without an officer, the colonel or commanding officer may order an officer of another company to take the command, as well for the exercife as for the difcipline and police of the company in camp. When the light company Is with the regiment it muft be formed twenty paces on the right,on the parade, but muft not interfere with the exercife of the battalion, but exercife by itfelf; and when the light infantry are embodied, every four companies will form a battalion, and exercife in the fame manner as the battalion in the line. CHAP.V, Of the InfiruBion of Recruits. THE commanding officer of each company is char/ed with the inftruaion of his recruits ; and as that is a fervice that requires not only experience, but a patience and temper not me: with in every officer, h* is to make » ■»->-» J-""" "-" A 2 \ 6 choice of an officer, ferjant, and one or two corporals of his company, who, being approved of by the colonel, are to attend particularly to that bufinefs ; but in cafe of the arrival of a great number of recruits, every officer without diftincTion is to be employed on thatiervice. The commanding officer of each regiment will fix on fome place for the exercife of his recruits, where himfelf or fome field-officer muft attend, to overlook their instruc- tion. * The recruits muft be taken fingly, and firft taught to put on their accoutrements, and carry themfelves properly. The Pofition of a Soldier without Arms. He is to ftand ftrait and firm upon his legs, with the head turned to the right fo far as to bring the left eye over the waiftcoat buttons ; the heels two inches apart; ihe toes turned cut; the belly drawn in a little, but without con- ftraint; the breaft a little projected; the fhoulders fquareto the front, and kept back ; and the hands hanging down thejkks, with the palms clofe to the thighs. Attention! At this word the foldier muft be filent, ftand firm and fteady, moving neither hand nor foot, (except as ordered) but attend, carefully to the words of command. This attention of the foldier muft be obferved in the ftricteft manner, till he receives the word Reft! At which he may refrefh himfelf, by moving his hands or feet; but muft not then fit down or quit his place, un- lefs permitted fo to do. Attention ! To the Left—-Drefs! , At this word the foldier turns his head brifkly to the left fo as to bring his right eye in the direction of his waiftcoat buttons. To the Right-----Drefs! The foldier dreffes again to the right, as before. The recruit muft then be taught 7 The Facings. To the Right—Face! Two motions* I ft. Turn brlfkly on both heels to the right, lifting up the toes a little, and defcribing the quarter of a circle. 2d. Bring back the right foot to its proper pofition, without flam ping. To the Left,—Face ! Two motions. i ft. Turn to the left as before to the right. 2d. Bring up the right toot to its proper pofition. To the Right about,—Face! Three motions. I ft. Step back with the right foot, bringing the buckle op* pofite the left heel, at the fame time feizing the cartridge-box \vith the right hand. 2d. Turn brifkly on both heels,, and defcribe half a circle. 3d. Bring back the right foot, at the fame time quitting the cartridge-box. When the recruit is fufficiently expert in the foregoing points, he muft be taught the different fteps. The common Step Is two feet, and about feventy-five in a minute. To the Front,—March ! The foldier fteps off with his left foot, and marches a free, eafy and natural ftep, without altering the pofition pf his body or head, taking care to preferve a proper bal- ance, and not crofs his legs, but to march without conftraint in every fort of ground ; The officer muft march fometimes in his front and fometimes at his fide, in order to join ex- ample to precept. Halt! At this word the foldier ftops fhort, on the foot then ad- vanced, immediately bringing up the other, without ftamping. The Quick Step Is alfo two feet, but about one hundred and twenty in a minute,and is performed on;the fame principle as the other. The recruits having been exercifed fingly, till they have a proper carriage, and are well grounded in the different ft 8 fteps ; the officer will then take three men, and placirr them in one rank, exercife them in the different fteps, and teach them The March by Files, Which, being of great importance, muft be carefully attended to ; obferving that the foldier carries his body more forward than in the front march, and that he does not increafe the diftance from his file-leader. The Oblique Step Muft then be pradtifed, both in the quick and common." time. In marching obliquely to the right, the foldier fteps obliquely with the right foot, bringing up -the left, and placing the heel directly before the toes of the right foot, and the contrary when marching to the left; at the fame tiirie obferving to keep the fhoulders fquare to the front, efpecially that the fhoulder oppofed to the fide they march to does not project, and that the files keep clofe. The recruits being thus far inftructed, muft be agaia taken feparately, and taught The Pofition of a Soldier under Arms. In this pofition the foldier is to ftand ftraight and firm tipon his legs, with the heels two inches apart, the toes a little turned out, the belly drawn in a little without con- ftraint, the breaft a little projected, the fhoulders fquare to the front and kept back.the right hand hanging down the fide, with the palm clofe to the thigh, the left elbow not turned out from the body, the firelock carried on the left fhoulder, at fuch height that the guard will be juft under the le&lireaft, the fore-finger and thumb before the fwell of the butt, the three laft fingers under the butt, the flat of the butt againft tbe hip bone, and pre/Ted fo as that the firelock may be felt againft the left fide, and ftand before the hollow of the fhoulder, neither leaning towards the head nor from it, the barrel almoft perpendicular. When ex- ercifing, he is to be very exact in counting a fecond o£ time betweeaeach motion. 9 ^MANUAL EXERCISE. I. Poife—Firelock ! Two motions. I ft. With your left hand turn the firelock brifkly, bringing the lock to the front, at the fame inftant feize it with the right hand juft below the lock, keeping the piece perpendicular. ad. With a quick motion bring up the firelock from the fhoulder directly before the face and feize it with the left hand juft above the lock, fo that the little finger may reft upon the feather fprinr, and the thumb lie on the ftock ; the left hand muft be of an equal height with the eyes. II. Cock—Firelock ! Two motions. ift. Turn the barrel oppofite to your face, and,place your thumb upon the cock, raifing the elbow fquare at this motion. ad. Cock the firelock by drawing down your elbow, Im. mediately placing your thumb upon the breech-pin"* and the fingers under the guard. III. Take Aim f One motion. Step back about fix inches with the right foot, bringing the left toe to the front; at the fame time drop the muzzle, and bring up the butt-end of the firelock againft your right fhoulder ; place the left hand forward on the fwell of the ftock, and the fore-finger of the right hand before the trig- ger ; finking the muzzle a little below a level, and with; the right eye looking along the barrel. IV. Fire ! One motion. Pull the trigger brifkly, and immediately after bringing up the right foot, come to the priming pofition, placing the heels even, with the right toe pointing to the right, the lock oppofite the right breaft, the muzzle directly to the: to front and as high as the-hat, tfce left hand juft forward of the feather-fpring, holding the piece firm and fteady j and at the fame time feize the cock with the fore-finger and thumb of the right hand, the back of the hand turned up. V. H#if~Cock-~-Firelock ! One motion. Half t>end the cock brifkly, bringing down the elbow to "the butt of the firelock. VI. Handk—Cartridge t One motion. Bring your right hand fhort round to your pouch, ffttpp1tTgkh»rd,/fciz,e the cartridge, and bring .it with a ^ftjck* motion to your m outh, bitethe top off down to Pie- powder, covering it inftantly with your thumb, and bring. the hand as low as the chin, with the elbow down. VU. Prime 1 One motion. Shake the powder into the pan, and covering «h« car- tridge again, place the three Jaift-fingers' .behind the- ham- mer, with the elbow- up. ■-, . ■VHL, -c Shut—Pan t Two motions. i ft. Shut your pan brifkly,. bringing down the elbow to the butt of the ^rretetk,'holamg the cartridge faft in -:v yo«r hand? ad. Turn the piece nimbly round before.you to the loading pofition, with the lock to the front, and the muzzle at the height of the chfn, bringing the right hand vq> nnder the muzzle -, both feet^eing'kept faft in this motion. IX. Charge with Cartridge ! Two motions. lft. Turn up your hand and put the cartridge into the muzzle, fhaking the powder into the barrel. ad. Turning the ftock a little rowards yon, place your right hand clofed, with a quick and ftrong motion, up*- On the butt of the rammer, the thumb,upwards, and the elbow down. 11 X. Draw—Rammer ! Two motions. ift. Draw your rammer with a quick motion half out, feizing it inftantly at the muzzle back-handed. ad. Draw It quite out, turn it, and enter it into the muzzle. XL , Ram down—Cartridge! One motion. Ram the cartridge well down the barreL and inftantly recovering and feizmg the rammer back-handed by the •middle, draw it quite out, turn it, and enter it as far as the lower pipe, placing at the fame time the edge of the hand on the butt-end of the rammer, with the finger extended. XII. Return—Rammer I One motion. Thruftthe rammer home, and inftantly bring up the piece with the left hand to the fhoulder, feizing it at the fame time with the right hand under the'cock, keeping the left hand at the fwell, and turning the body, fquare to the front. XIII. Shoulder'—Firelock I Two motions, lift. Bring down the left hand, placing it ftrong upon ,th£ butt. 2d. With a quick motion bring the right hand down by your fide. XIV. Order—Firelock ! Two motions. ift. Sink the firelock with the left hand as low as poffible, without conftraint, and at the fame time bringing up the right hand, feize the firelock at the left fhoulder. 2d. Quit the firelock with the left hand, and with the right bring it down the right -fide, the butt on the ground, even with the toes of the right foot, the thumb of the right hand lying along the barrel, and the , muzzle .being kept at a little diftance from the body. 12 XV. Ground—Firelock ! Two motions. i ft. With the right hand turn the firelock, bringing the lock to the rear, and inftantly ftepping forward with the left foot a large pace, lay the piece on the ground, the barrel in a direfl line from front to rear, placing the left hand on the knee, to fupport the body, the head held up, the right hand and left heel in a line, and the right knee brought almoft to the ground. 2d. Quitting the firelock, raife yourfelf up, and bring back the .left foot to its former pofition. XVL Take up—Firelock ! Two motions. i ft. Step forward with the left foot, fink the body, and come to the pofition defcribed in the firft motion of grounding. 2d. Raife up yourfelf and firelock, ftepping back again with the left foot, and as foon as the piece is per- ~ pendicular, turn the barrel behind, thus coming to the order. XVII. Shoulder—Firelock ! Two motions. ift. Bring die firelock to the left fhoulder, throwing it up a little, "and catching it below the tail-pipe, and inftant- lv teize it with tho left hand at the butt. 2d. With a quick motion bring the right hand down by your fide. XVIII. Secure—Firelock ! Three motions. I ft. Bring up the right hand brifkly, and place it under the cock. ad. Quit the butt with the left hand, and feize the firelock at the fwell, bringing the arm clofe down upon the lock, the right hand being kept'faft in this motion, and the piece upright. 3d* Quitting the piece with your tight hand,bring it down by your fide, at the fame time with your left hand *3 throw the muzzle directly forward, bringing it with- in about one foot of the ground, and the butt clofe up behind the left fhoulder, holding the left hand in a line with the waift belt, and with that arm covering the lock. XIX. Shoulder—Firelock ! Three motions. ift. Bring the firelock up to the fhoulder, feizing it witk the right hand under the >cock. 2d. Bring the left hand down ftrong upon the butt- 3d. Bring the right hand down by your fide. XX. Fix*—Bayonet ! Three motions. 1 ft and 2d motion the fame as the two fh-ft motions of the fecure. 3d. Quitting the piece with your right hand, fink it with, your left down the left fide, as far as may be without, conftraint, at the fame time feize the bayonet with the; ' right hand, draw and fix it, immediately flipping the. hand down to the ftock, and prefiing in the piece to the hollow of the fhoulder. XXI. Shoulder—Firelock ! Three motions. 1 ft. Quitting the piece with the right hand, with the left bring it up to the fhoulder, and feize it again with the right hand under the cock, as in the fecond motion of the fecure. 2d. Bring the left hand down ftrong irron the butt. 3d. Bring the right hand down by your fide. XXII. Prefent—Arms! Three motions. 1 ft and 2d motion the fame as in coming to the poife 3d. Step brifkly back with your right foot, .placing it a hand's breadth diftant from your left heel, at the fame time bring down the firelock as quick as poffible to the reft, finking it as far down before your left knee as your right hand-will permit without conftraint, hold- ing the right hand under the guard, villi the fingers B H extended, and drawing in the piece with the left hand till the barrel is perpendicular; during this motion you quit the piece with the left hand, and inftantly feize it again-juft below the tail-pipe. XXIII. Shoulder-—Firelock / T^'o motions. ift. Lift up your right foot and place it by your left, at the fame time bring the firelock to your left fhoiilden, and feize she buttend with the left hand, coming to the pofition of the firft motion of the fecure. 2d. Bring the sight hand down by your fide. XXIV. Charge Bayonet! Two motions. j§. The fame as the firft motion of the fecure. 2d. Bring the butt of the firelock under the right arm, letting the piece fall down ftrong on the palm of the left hand, which receives it at the fwell, the muzzle pointing directly to the front, the butt prefled with the arm againft the fide ; the front rank holding their pieces horizontally, and the rear rank' the muzzles of theirs fo high as to clear the heads of the front rank, both ranks keeping their feet faft. XXV. Shoulder—Firelock ! Tv^o motions. . . jrft. Bring up the piece fmartly to a flioulder, feizing the butt witj* the left hand. 2 d. Bring the right hand down *by your fide. XXVI. Advance—Arms! Four motions. i ft and 2d the fame as the two firft motions of the poiie. 3d. Bring the firelock down to the right fide, with the right hand as low as it will admit without conftraint, flipping up the left hand at the fkme time to -the fwell, and inftantly fhifting the pofition of the r*ght hand, take the guard between the thumb and forefinger, and bring die three laft fingers under the. cock, vith the barrel to the rear. *5 XXVII. _ .ShonUtr^Firehck ! Four motions ^UP *e left hand, and feize the firelock at the Son!1 '7 Ulg-tbC "^ 'hand t0 its fomef ad. Comefmartly uptoapoife; • 3d. and 4th. Shoulder. £xplanatwn of Priming amd Loadrng, as perform- ed in the Firings. ,-r . Prime and Load /—Fifteen motions. •r^rtj?erecrur'1tfarowln? aPy°nr fi^°<*, with :- br^r& °- thC tft hOTd' *hiaf "before the kft breaft, tod «*'"«ed in the 4th word of com! SftThpafntly P^h*00* °f ***** W againft the face.of the fteel,thefingers clenched,and the ' deleft W^ 4th. Handle cartridge. i'th. Prime. Sth. Shut pin. 7''1"'* Caft about »th. ahd"9th.' Lend. i orh. and 11 th., Draw rammer, J.2th. Ham down cartridge. i jm. Return rammer. - ■' 14th. and 15th. Shoulder. if5 N. B. The motion of recover, coming down to the prim- ing .pofition, and opening the pan, to be done in the ufual time, the motions of handling the cartridge to fhutting the pan,to be done as quick as poffible ; when the pans are fhut, make a fmall paufe^and caft about together; then the load- ing andfhouldering motions are to 'be done as quick as pof- fible. Pofition of each Rank in the Firings* Front Rank ! Make ready ! One motion. Spring the firelock brifkly to a recover, as foon as the left handfeizes the firelock above the lock, the right elbow is to be nimbly raifed a little, placing the thumb of that hand upon the cock, the fingers open by the plate of the lock, and as quick as poffible cock the piece, by dropping the elbow, and forcingdown the cock with the thumb, immediately feizing the firelock with the right hand,clofe under the lock; the piece to be held in this manner perpendicular, oppofite the left fide of the face, the body kept ftraight, and as full to the front as poffible, and the head held upjooking well to the right. Take Aim I Fire! A s before explained. Rear rank! Make ready ! One motion. Recover and cock as before directed, at the fame time ftepping about fix inches to the right, fo as to place yourfelf oppofite the interval of the front rank. Take Aim ! Fire! As before explained. The recruits being thus far inftructed, the officer muft take twelve men, and placing them in one rank, teach them to drefs to the right and left ; to do which the foldier muft obferve to feel the man on that fide he dreffes to, without crowding him, and to advance or retire, till he can juft dif- cover the breaft of the fecond man from him, taking care not to ftoop, but to keep his head and body upright. When they can drefs pretty well, they muft, be taught to wheel, as follows ; To the Right,—Wheel! At tills word of command the men turn theirheads brifk- ly to the left, except the left hand man. \rm ' rw \ ■■'** Fig. [ '^Kl H.ir, M ptf ItauttWrSC. *7 March I The whole ftep off, obferving to^feel the hand they wheel to, without crowding; the right hand man, ferving as a pivot for the reft to turn on, gains no ground, but turns on his heels; the officer will march on the flank, and when the wheeling is finifhed, command, Haiti On which the whole flop fhort on the foot then forward, bringing up the other foot, and dreffing to the right. To the Left—Wheel ! ;'.;! The whole continue to look to the right, except the right hand man, who looks to the left. March t .in?.. As before explained. . trn N. B. The wheelings niufl firft be taught in the common ftep, and then practifed in the quick ftep. When the recruits have practifed the foregoing exercifes, till they are fufficiently expert, they muft be fent to.exercife with their company. CHAP. VI. The Exercife of a Company. Article I. Of opening the Ranks. Rear Rank! Take—Diflance ! March ! THE rear rank fteps back, four paces, and drefTes by the right; the officers at the fame time advancing eight paces to the front, and dreffing in a line ; the ferjeants who covered the officers, take their places in the.front rank; the non-commiffioned officers who were in the rear, remain there, ftepping back four paces behind the rear rank. Rear Rank ! Clofe to the Front! The officers face to the company.. March / The rear rank clofes to within a- common pace, or two feet ; and the officers return to their former pofts. B a i8 AtfTicvi II. Of the Firings. The1-captain will .divide his»company into two or more ^ionsy'siad teae accuftomed always to take 'figtft atibme'dbje'ct.- The Officer will aften command, As you werel to accuftom the foldier not to fire till he receives the word of command. 3n ;altieixoreiffis to iJetail tfeercien will ufe a*piece of wood, inftead ofa.flint:: aruk each foldier fhouldiiave-fix ♦p^ees^rfrwoodjiinaiie form rof cartridges, which the'fer- ' 'jeant-muft fee taken-orjt of.the pieces wlien the exercife-is finifhed. When the company exercifos: with powder, The ooptain will iafpti^t the-Gonapany,-and -fee that-all 4he-ear- tridges not ufedI are returned. * -Ari DCL.J; III- Of the Matrcji. < In marching to the front, the men muft be accuftomed to i drefs to the centre, which they will.have to do when exer- cifmg in battalion \ and for this purpofe a ferjeant muft be placed fix-paces in front of the centre, who will take fome object in front to fefve as a direction for him to ; march ftraight forward ; and the men muftlook inwards, and regulate their march by him. -i The captain muft exercife his company in different forts of ground; and when, by the'badnefs of the ground, or any Other accident, the foldier lofes his ftep, he muft im- ; medlarely'take it again ' from the ferjeant in the centre. The officers muft not fuffer the'leoft inattention, but pun- ifh every man guilty of it. The Oblique March Muft be practifed bo'th in- the quick and common ftep, ngreeabiy to the mftiucTSons, already given. The March ly File* Is as Important as difficult. In performing It, *he officers muft'be attentive that the foldiers bend their bodies a little forward, and'do not open iheir files. - «~ The leading, file -will be conduebed.by,the'o,ffiesr;'; whg will poft himfeiffor that purpdle on its left, when' they •march; by the Tight, and :the contrary vtfheii-'they march 3>y'the left"." The Counter March, Note. This march muft nevsr be executed by larger por- tions of a battalioh than Tkttboris. Cailtioh.^- v"-~ Take Cafe 'to xomterwa/rdt from 'the Might, ty . Platoons 1 To the Right,—face ijti&arck. I The whok.facrngtorthe;right, each platoon wheels ;by ■files to the rjght-aboui; and w-hen the rright hand file jgets on the ground where theleft ftobd, the officer orders,. . Halt!—To the Left—Face! and the .company will be formed with their- front changed, Article IV. Cfffihedmg. The captain will exercife his-company in wheeling en- tire, and by feclions or platoons, both in the common'and q-uiokiftep, taking Gare-that the men in the rear ".Yank in- cline a little to the right Or left> according to the hand they wheel to, fo as always to cover exactlytheir file-leaders. Article V. Of Breaking off, and Forming by the oblique.Step, 'The captain'having divided his company into two fee- tions, will give the word, Seclipns—.B.reak off I Upon which tHe fedtion on the right inclines by the oblique ftep to the left, and that on the left, following the former, inclines to the right, till they cover each other^ when they march forward. 20 Form Company t The firft fedHon inclines to the right, fhortening its ftep, and the fecond to the left, lengthening its ftep, till they are uncovered, when both march forward, and form in a line. Two or more companies may be joined to perform the company exercife, when they have been fufficiently exercit ed by fingk companies, but not till then ;; the 'inattention of the foldiers, and difficulty of inftructing them, inereafing m proportion with the numbers. CHAP. VII. Exercife of a Battalion. WHEN a battalion parades for exercife, it is to be formed, and the officers ported, agreeably to the in. ftructions already given in the third and fourth chapters. The battalion being formed, it i& then to perform the manual exercife, and the wheelbgs, marches, manoeuvres and firings defcribed in this and the following chapters, or fuch of them as fhall be ordered. N. B. When a battalion performs the firings, the fix Centrefiles (viz. three, on each fide the colours) are not to fire, but remain as a referve forth* colours ; and the offi- cers of the two centre platoons are to warn them accord- ingly. The battalion will- wheel by dlvifions or platoons, by word of command from the officer commanding. f Platoons t \Tdthet Right! 1 m , ' \Divifions ! J \Left l j. March ! When the battalion wheels, the platoons are conducted by the officers commanding them; the fupernumeraries remaining in the rear of their refpective platoons. [See plate I. Figure 4 and 5.] The colours take poft between the fourth and fifth platoons. The wheeling finifhed, each officer commanding a platoon or divifion, commands Halt! Drefs to the Right ! and pofts himfelf before the centre, the ferjeant who covet- ed him taking his place on the right. 21 FQ?t)&rd,—-March ! The whole ftep off, and follow the leading divifionoT platoon; the officer who conducts the column receiving his directions from the commanding officer. Wlien the bat- talion wheels to the right, the left flank of the platoons muft drefs in a line with each other, and the. contrary when they wheel to the left. Battalion ! Halt t By Platoons! To the Left—Wheel! March ! The wheeling finifhed, each officer commanding a plat* •onor divifion, orders . .)>- Halt I Drefs to the Right! dreffes his platoon, and takes poft in the interval, the bat* talion being now formed in a line. CH A P. VIII. Of the Pvints of View. £ Plate II. Figure i."] THE ufe of thefe is a moft eflentiat part in the ma. nceuvres, which,' without them, cannot be executed with facility or precifion. They are ufually fome diftant objects (the mOft confpicuous that can be found) chofen by the commandingjofficer,tot determine the direction of hi* line, which otherwlfe w.ould be mere hazard. The command ng-officer having determined onthe di- rection of his line, and his, points of view B C, fends1 out two officers, D E, to feck two intermediate points in the fame line ; the officer E advances; when D finds him In a direct line between himfelf and the point of view B, he advances, taking care to keep E always hetweenliim and the point Br, which he muft do by making him fignals to advance or retire; when E' finds D in the direct line be- tween him and C, he makes him. the fignal to halt, and they will find themfeives in the intermediate.points D E. CHAPTER li Vf the Formation gM Dijplaying of Columns, with the Methpqlrof {.hanging. Front. ♦•• : Article I. The clofe Column formed on the Ground, 'by ike Rigfit, the Right in Front. ... [Plate IL .Figure 2.] Caution by the commanding officer. Take Care to form Column by Platoons by ihe Rigktf ••.,••■. thc\Righfriti, Front! ; v ..• • . t- • , Torthe -Rights Face ■! ■■■.-'■ :> THE whole face to tiie;righk taccpt the right platoon % at the fame time the leading file of each platoon breaks t»ff, m order to march hi the rear 6T^s'prece3hig~platoQn. jM&rchf ') The whole ftep off with the quick ftep, each platoon marching clofe In flie rear of that preieding it, to its place in the column. '.'..;.■■'■"• The. officers commanding platoons, when they jperp#p« their leading file dreffed with that of the platoon already formed, command Halt ! Front ! Drefs ! end the platoon fronts and dreffes to "the right. ArTI-C'L-E II. 2)ifp'lay of a Column formed by 'ihe Right, the Right •-.; .:- .-[Platen. Figures.] '; \ . ■ • To the Left-^-Face / The whole face to the left", except the front platoon. - *3 • March I . :.., r. - •. ., The platoons faced, ftep off,and march obliquely to their. placea in the line ;. when the fecond platoon has-gained, its. proper diftance, its officer commands Halt ! Front./ . To the; RA%U,—D t - Article V. The dofe Column formed on the Centre, or Fifth Platoon,;the Right in Front* ■ -< [Plate II. Figure 4.3 Caution. ' . r Take Care to-form fylumn on^ the fiftfc Platoonfthe 'Right, in Front?! . * -■ ^ To the Right and Left—Facet ■ ., ■ \ The fifth platoon ftands, faft; the others-face to thfe centre ; the officers poft themfjelyes at the head of tfoqr platoons, and break off j and on receiving the. Word, .Marsh ! 24 conduct them to their pofts in the column ; the four plat- oons on the right forming in the front, and the three plat- oons on the left forming in the rear of the fifth platoon. When this column is to be formed with the left in front, the four platoons on the right form in the rear, and the three on the left form in front. In all formations and difplayings, the officers whole platoons march by the left, fo foon as they have dreffed their platoons in the line or column, return to their pofts on the right. Article VI. Difplay of a Column having the Right in Front, from the Centre, or fifth Platoon. [Plate II. Figure 5.] Caution. Take Care io difplay Column from the Centre ! At this caution the officer of the platoon in front pofts a ferjeant on each flank of it, who are to remain there till the platoon on which the column difplays, has taken its poft in the line, when they retire along the rear of the .battalion to their platoon. To the Right and Left—Face ! The four front platoons face to the right, the fifth ftanis faft, and the fixth,feventh and eighth face to the left. March ! The four platoons of the right march to the right, the firft platoon taking care to march ftraight towards the point of view j fo foon as the fourth platoon has unmafked the fifth, its officer commands, Halt! Front! March ! and it marches up to its poft in the line ; the third and fe- cond platoon, as foon as they have respectively gained their defiances, proceed in the fame manner; and then thefirft halts and dreffes with them ; the fifth platoon in the mean time marches to its poft between the two ferjeants ; and the three platoons of the left form by marching obliquely to their pofts in the line, as before explained. Fia.ltl. r<* x 50: i^te^ra u nil Hi "v .■ •* * .■ > Douiatit.,, *5 Article VII. The clofe Column formed by the Right, the Right in Front, difplayed to the Right. [Plate III. Figure i.] :* \ When a column is formed by the right, and the nature of the ground will not permit its being displayed to the lift, it may be difplayed to the right in the following man- ner : Caution. Take Care to difplay Column 4o the Right ! The two ferjeants are to be pofted, as before, On the flanks of the from platoon. * To the RighU—Face / The. eighth platoon (lands faft, the reft face to the right, and march, the fkft platoon keeping the line ; fo foon^as the eighth platoon is unmafked, it marches forward to its poft between the two ferjeants of the firft platoon left there for that purpofe ; the feventh platoon, having gained its dif- tar.ee, halts, fronts and marches up to its ground'V'/heoth- er platoons proceed in the fame manner, as explained in the .•difplay from the centre. •• Article VIII. The clofe Column formed by the Left, the Left, in <■ Front, difplayed to the Left. ' [See Plate III. Figure 2.1 This is performed on the fame principles as thVdifplay of the cplumn in the feventh article. v > A column formed either by the right, left or centre, may, according to the ground, or any other circumftance, be difplayed on any particular platoon-^n the principles be*. . fore explained. Article IX* Open Columns Arc formed by wheeling to the right or left by platoons $ .and, when indifpenfahly necejfary, by marching the platoons by riles, in the following manner : C ,&6 Caution. ,% Take care to form open Columns by the Right ! [Plate III. Figure 3.] To the Right,-----Face ! The right platoon ftands faft, the reft face to the right, and break off to the rear. March ! Each platoon marches to its place in the column,the of- ficers taking care to preferve the proper diftances between their platoons. Open columns may in the fame manner be formed by the left, centre, or on any particular platoon, the officers talking care to preferve their proper diftances. £See Plate III. Figure 4.] Open columns are formed again In line, either by .wheeling by platoons, or by clofing column and difplay- ing, as explained in the articles on clofe -columns. If the commanding officer chufes to clofe the open col- umn, he will command - .Clofe—Column! March! On-Which the platoons march by the quick ftep, and •clofe to -within two paces of each other ; when the com- manding officer of platoons fucceffively command Halt 1 D refs to the Right ! .and the column is clofed. When the .commanding officer chufes to open a clofe column, he commands Open—Column ! On which the front platoon advances, followed by the odiers fucceffively, as faft as they have their diftances. The different manners of forming and difplaying col- umnsbeing the bafis of all manoeuvres, require the greateft ^attentionof both officers and men in the execution. The officers muft by frequent practice learn to judgeof diftances with the greateft exacmefs; as an augmentation or dimi- nution of the proper diftance between the platoons, is at- tended with much confufion in forming a line- They muft alfo be very careful not to advance beyond the line, in forming battalion, but drefs their platoons carefully with the points of view. 27 Article X. ' Of changing the Front of a Line. The changing the front of a platoon, diyifion, or even a battalion, may be performed by a fimple 'wheeling ; that of a brigade muft be performed by firft forming the open column, then marching it into the direction required, and forming the line. If it be neceflary to change the front of a line confiding of more than a brigade, the fimpleft and fureft method is to form clofe columns, either by brigades or battalions," march them to the direction required, and difplay. CHAP. X. Of the March of Columns. THE march of columns is an operation fo often re- peated, and of fo much confequence, that it muft be confidered as an effential article in the inftruction of both. officers and men. Article I. The march of an open Column. Column ! March ! The whole column muft always begin to march, and" halt, at the fame time, and only by order of the command-' ing officer. After the firft twenty paces he fhould com-. mand Support—Arms ! When the men may march more at their eafe, but keeping their files clofe. Before the column halts, he fhould command Carry—Arms! Column! Haiti Drefs to the Right ! When marching In open column, the officer command- ing will often form battalion, by wheeling to the right or left, in order to fee if the officers have preferred the pro- per diftances between the platoons. Article II. Columns changing the Direction ofth"ir March. When a clofe column is obliged to change the direction of its march, the front platoon muft not wheel round on 2$ its flank, but advarfce In a direction more or left circular, according to the depth of the column, that the other pla- toons may follow. [See plate IV. Figure i.] An open column changes the direction of its march by wheeling the front platoon, the others following ; in doing which, the officers commanding plotoons muft be particu- larly careful that their platoons wheel on the fame ground with the front platoon ; for which purpofe a ferjeant fhould be left to mark the pivot on which they are to wheel. Article III. Paffage of a Defile by a Column. A column on its march coming to a defile, which obli- ges it to diminifh its front, the officer commanding the firft platoon commands Break off! On which thofe files which cannot pafs, break off, face inwards, and follow their platoon by files, and as the «fe.. file narrows or widens more files will break off, or join the platoon: The fucceeding platoons proceed in the fame manner. If the defile is difficult or long, fb foon as the front have paffed arid gained fufficlent ground* they will halt till the whole have paffed and formed, when they will continue the march. , Arti-cle IV. A Column troffing a Plain, liable to he attached, by Cavalry. When the commanding officer thinks himfelf in danger of being attacked by cavalry, he muft clofe the column, and on their reproach, halt and face outwards ; the front platoon (landing faft, the rear platoon going to the right a- bout, and the others facing outwards from their centres. In cafe of attack, the two firft ranks keep up a fraart running fire, beginning as well as ending by a fignal from the drum, The foldiers muff be told, that under thefe circumftan- ces, their fafety depends wholly on their courage ; the ca- valry being only to he dreaded when the infantry ceafc to refift them. When the column is to continue its march, .the officer commands Column I To the Front,----Face! March ! The platoons face to the front, and march. Article V. A Column marching by its Flank. Column! To the j **%> \ Face I If the column marches by the left, the officers go t« the left of their refpective platoons. March ! The column marches, dreffing by the right, Column ! Halt! Front! The column faces to the front. CHAP. XI. Of the March in Line. Article I. The March to ihe Front, Battalion ! Forward! AT this caution the enfign with the colours advances fix paces ; the ferjeant who covered him taking hia place. The whole are to drefs by the colours. The com- mandant of the battalion will be polled two paces in front oi the colours, aad will give the enfign an object to ferye as a direaion for him to march ftraight forward. March ! The enfign who carries the colours, will be careful to march ftraight to the object given him by the colonelj to dq which, he muft fix on fome intermediate objeft. If many battalions are in the line, the enfigns muft drefs by the enfign in the centre; if only two, they will drefs by each other. They muft be very careful not to advance beyond the battalion they are to drefs by, it being much eafier to advance than to fall back. Should a battalion by any caufe be hindered from ad- vancing in line with the reft, the enf^n of that battalion 3Q muft drop his colours asafigrfal to the other battalions (who might otherwife flop to drefs by them)not to con- form to their movements; the colours to be raifed again when the battalion has advanced to its poft in the line. The commanding officer of each battalion muft be care- ful that his men drefs and keep their files clofe, and to pre- ferve the proper diftances between his own battalion and thofs on his flanks ; and" when he finds that he is too near the one or the other, muft command Obliquely,—To the \ rffti When the battalion will march by the oblique ftep,as or- dered, till, they have, recovered their diftance, and receive the command Forward!' Upon which the battalion will march-forward and the en- £gn take a new objeel to march to. If the diftance is augmented or diminifhed only two or three paces, the commanding officer will order the colours to incline a little, and then march forward ; the battalion conforming to their movement. # The officers commanding platoons will continually have an eve over them, immediately remedying any defect; carefully dreffing with the centre, and keeping ftep with the colours. r , The officers in the rear muft take care of the fecond rank, remedying any defect in a low voice, and with as little noife as poffible. , The foldier muft not advance out of the rank the fhoul- der oppofite the fide he dreffes to ; he muft not crowd his ri*ht or left hand man, but giveway to the preffure of the centre, and refift that of the wings ; he muft have his eyes continually fixed on the colours, turning his head more or lefs, in proportion to his diftance from them. Battalion! Halt! The whole ftep fhort on the fe:t then advanced. Drefs to the Right ! The men drefs to the right, and .the colours fall back into the ranks. 3* Article IL Of the Charge with Bayonets. The line marching,the commanding officer, on approach* ing the enemy, commands March! March ! On which the whole advance by the quick ftep; Charge—Bayonet / The line charge their bayonets, and quicken their ftep j the drums beat the long roll; and the officers and men muft take care to drefs to the centre, and not crowd or o- pen their files. Battalion J Slow Step ! The battalion fall into the flow ftep, and carry their arms. Halt! Drefs to the Right! The battalion halts and dreffes to the right, Article III. Method of paffing-any Obflacle in Front of a line. When an obftacle prefents itfelf before any divifion, plat- oon, or number of files, the. officer commanding the plat? oons, &c. commands ^ Break off! on which the files obftructed face outwards from their cen- tre, and follow by files the platoons on their right and left ; if the platoons on the wings are obftructed, they will face inwards, and follow in the fame manner. In proportion as the ground permits, the files will march up to their places in front, drefs, and take,ftep with the colours. Article IV. Paffage of a Defile in Front, by Platoons. A battalion marching and meeting with a bridge or de- file, over or through which not more than the front of a divifion can pafi at a time, the commanding officer orders Halt. ! and then to the two platoons before whom the defile pre* fents itfelf March ! en which they pafs the defile in one divifion. As footvas Z* thofe two platoons hate mafched, die commanding officer orders To the Right and Left,—Face ! The platoons on the right face to the left, and thofe on the left face to the right. March! They march till they join, fronting the defile ; when the commanding officer of the two platoons commands Halt! Fropt! March ! andtheypafsthedefile,thereftfollowing in the fame manner. As foon as the front divifion has paffed, it will halt; and the other divifions, as faft as they arrive in the rear, face outwards, and march by files till they come to their proper*places in battalion ; when the officers commanding the platoons order Halt! Front! Drefs / and the platoons drefs In line with thofe already formed. Article V. Paffage of a Defile in Front, by Files. If the defile will not permit more than four files to pafs* the four files before which the defile^ prefents itfelf enter without any word of command ; the reft face Inwards, and follow them ; the whole marching through by files. As foon as the files which firft entered,have paffed,they halt; the others, as faft as they pafs marching to their plai- ces in battalion. Article VI. Of the March in retreat. Battalion ! To the Right about,—Face ! The whole face to the right about; the officers keeping their pofts. Forward,—March f The colours advance fix paces, and the whole ftep off, dref- fing by them. The paffage of any obftacle in retreat, is the fame as in the march to the front. Article .VII. Paffage of a Defile in reheat, by platoons. If it is at any time neceffary to pafs a defile in the rear,!n �7738411 33? prefence of an enemy, the line muft march as near as pof- fible to the defile ; when the commanding officer orders To the Front,—Face / From the Wings,—By Platoons^—Pafs the Defile in the Rear ! The two platoons on the wings face outwards. March ! The two platoons wheel by files, and march along the rear of the battalion to the entrance of the defile; where joining their officers command Halt! To the I *^> X Face ! \ The platoon of th^ right wing faces to the left 5 the other' platoon faces to the right; and both pafs in one divifion ;; the other platoons following in the fame manner, except thofe of the centre. When all have entered but the two centre platoons, that oh the right faces to the right about, and marches twenty^ ( paces into the defile ; when the officer commands Halt! To the Right about,—Face ! The officer of the other platyonj when he kes them faced, will retire In the fame manner ; and having paffed twenty v paces beyond the platoon halted in the defile, comes alfo to. \ the rightabout; they continuing in this manner to cover each other's retreat till they have paffed, when they face to the front, and cover the defile. The three platoons of the right wing wheel to the left j ', thofe of the left wing wheel to the right, and having gained their proper diftances, the commading officer, orders Halt!----Platoons! To the Right and' Left,—Wheel! March ! . , _ The r^ht wing wheels to the left, and the left to the1 right; which forms the battalion. If the defile fhouUprefent itfelf behind any other part of the battalion, the platoons fartheft off muft always re- treat firft ; and if the defile becomes narrower than ar the entrance, the platoons muft double behind each other. Article VIII. ^ Paffage of a Defile in Retreat, by Files. This manoeuvre is performed in the fame manner as the • 34 preceding, except that, inftead of forming at the entrance, the platoons pafs by files; and having paffed, face to the right and left, march till they have their proper diftances, and then wheel and form battalion. The paffage of defiles may be executed at firft in com- mon ftep, for the inftruction of the troops, in fervice, always in the quick ftep. The paffage of defiles being difficult in prefence of an enemy, the officers muft be particularly careful to keep the files clofed ; to be quick In giving the words of com- mand ; and not lofe any time in the execution. This manoeuvre fhould always be covered by troops polled on each fide the defile, and on.every advantageous piece of ground that prefents itfelf, to annoy tmd keep bacfc" the enemy. : Article IX. Method ofpaffing the front Line to the Rear. The firft line being obliged to retreat, will face to the > right about, and retire in line. The fecond line, if not already formed in columns, will* immediately,on perceiving the firft line retire,form in that dTder by brigades or battalions ; and the firft line having paffed the intervals between the columns, the fecond line . ■will difplay ; or, if too clofely preffed by the enemy, attack in columns the flanks of the battalions which purfue.there- bygiving timeforthe firftlineto form andtake anew pofition.. CHAP. XII. Of the Difpofition of the Field-pieces^ attached to the Brigades. THE field-pieces attached to the different brigades muft always remain with them, encamping on their right, unlefs the quarter-mafter general, thinks proper to place them on any advantageous piece of ground in front. When the army marches by the right, the field-piece mirft march at the head of their refpective brigades ; when it marches by the left, they follow In the rear, unlefs cir- cumftances determine the general to order otherwife; but, whether they march in front, centre or rear of their hji- ( amn (iiuird r*»>*., -<«-% •*«« Fig. m. v a S J2_ a a a ^T £*y •ailing out, but muft be fent by the adjutants from regi- & ment to regiment. The fignals for halting, marching flower and quicker, muft be given by beat of drum. (See Chap, xxi) The commanding officer of the advanced guard being informed by the quarter-mafter general, br'his deputy, of the ground the troops are to enoamp on, will go a head and recopnoitire it ;and immediately on the arrival of the advanced guard, poft his guards and fentinels, as dired- ed in Chapter xxii. March by Sections of Four.- The roads being very often two narrow to • admit the front of a platoon, and the troops being therefore continu- ally obliged to break off, which fatigues the men ;-to pre* vent this,when the road is not fufficiently large throughout, the battalionsmaybe divided Into feet ions in" the folTow- „ ing manner: / <{ ■ r~) Each platoon hi to be told off into fections of four files; - if there remain three files, they form afeclion; if two files .or lefs, they form one rank..?■ At the Word, ». BySetliionsof'Fdur! To (fa Right,—Wheel I March ! they wheel by fours and march, the fecond rank of each fection taking two paces diftance from the front rank. The ;officers commanding platoons take poft on the left of their firft fection ; but on the-right, if the feclions wheel to the left. The file-clofers fall in on the flanks. The officers muft take great care that the diftance ef two paces, and no more, is kept between the ranks. At the word, Haiti The front rank of each fedion flops fhort, and the fecond rank clofes up, which gives the proper diftance between the feci ions ; and by wheeling to the right or left the line is formed : or, if the commanding officer choofes, he may form platoons by the oblique ftep. If a column be already on the march by platoons, and the road becomes too narrow and inconvenient to continue in that order, it may be formed into fections of four, in the following manner: Caution by the commanding officer. 40 Take Care to break off by Sections of Four ! # Upon which the officers commanding platoons tell them off as before, but without halting. At the word Sections-of Four I Break off I. the fections on the right of each platoon incline by the o- blique ftep to the left; and thofe on the left of eash platoon following theformer,incline to the right,till they all cover ; when they march forward, opening the ranks as before di- rected. If the number of fections in a platoon be uneven that in the centre is to march ftraight forward ; the fection on the right Inclining to the left, and covering it in front j and thofe on the left inclining to the right, and covering it in the rear. CHAP. XV. Of the Baggage on a March. THE inconveniencesarifing to an army from having too great a number of waggons, muft be evident to every officer; and it Is expected, that for the future each officer will curtail his baggage as much as poffible- The order of march for the army will always determine that for the baggage ; and, whatever place it may occupy in the line of march, the waggons muft always follow in the fame order as their refpective regiments. : The quarter mafter general, or his deputy, will give tile order of march for the baggage, and the commander in chief will order an efcort, to be commanded-by a field of- ficer, according to its ftrength. , An officer of each battalion muft be appointed to fu* perintend the ftriking of- the tents, and loading the wag- gons: he muft fee that the tents are properly tied up ; that no provifions or other articles are packed in them : and that the tent poles are tied in a bundle by themfelves : lie muft not fuffer the waggons to be overloaded,or any thing put into them but what Is allowed ; and when the wag- gens are loaded, he muft fend them with the quarter-maf- ter ferjeant to the rendezvous of the brigade. This fer- jeant Is to remain with the baggage of his regiment, to fee that the waggons follow in order; and if a waggon breaks B -jfc----:fc-, ^____-c_ D Q~ _L^>- D D (hi. Sun yeo/K 9?Mfuter A JL ujor E I1 E ■ * H □ F E F E F siiESG arjQQQ oaiDQ iioaa aooopoarjsoea as QSiQsrjqrjii.3"a i i ^ A Oj/urter Guard B Ttftiqt/ons C Sutler D Kitchens E Caji! Y Sul/altenu G Acljutant II SrMajor - I MC. Officers pi.vir B D p -c~n D _-t---St, .Jt___± T----F D -9=? D i.: coi. fPMister E F E F E F E jobdq oooariioioi eoooo 01Q i i Q E E r Stl/Yj w ■^ ^ -r. - fc 5r- « ^ S- .S v~. -: i *"• ^ kT i I, Y H 9/waJpLMr- ,^ o 0 x M a /w 11a/." (®)o O b w (•)n £ e 4"» down, it muft be put out of the line, that It may not im- pede the march of the reft. T Each regiment will furnifh a non-commiffioned officer to conduct the fick and lame who are not able to march with their regiments. Thefe men are to repair, at the beating of the general, to the rendezvous appointed, where a fuf- ficient number of empty waggons will be ordered to attend for the reception of their knapfacks, and their arms, if ne- ceffary. A furgeon of each brigade is to attend the fick belonging to it, ^ The commanding officer of each battalion will infpecl the fick before they are fent from"the battalion, in order that none may be fent but thofe who are realty incapable of marching with their regiments; And the officer command- ing the efcort will be anfwerable that no fbldiers are per- mltedto march with the baggage on any pretence whatev- er, except the quarter-mafter ferjeant of each regiment, as before directed. - No waggons are to be permited to go between the bat- talions or brigades, except the ammunition waggons. The waggons-of the park, and others, are to be conduct- ed agreeably to the foregoing directions,. and the neceffary officers furnifhed to keep^order on the march. C HA P. XVI. The manner of laying ou$ a camp, with the order of encampment. HEN the quarter*mafters arrive on the ground where the troops are to encamp, the quarter-maft- er general having fixed his line of encampment, will con- dud them along the line, and give each brigadequarter- mafter the ground neceflary>for his brigade. The quarter-matters of regiments will then have their ground given them by the brigade quarter-mafters, and will mark out the place for each company and tent, and for the kitchens,&c.&c.as defcribed in me following order. Order of Encampment. [Plate VII and VIII.] The infantry will on all occafions e"hcamp by battalions, as they are formed in order of battle. . D2 W r*2 The front of the camp will occupy the fame extent of ground as the troops when formed ; and the intervals be- tween the battalions will be twenty paces, with an addi- tion of eight paces for every piece of cannon a batuliori may have. The quarter-mafter of each regiment fhall be anfwer- able that he demands no more ground; than is neceffary .for the number of men he has actually with, the regiment, allowing two feet for each file, exclufive.of the officers, and adding fixteen feet for the intervals between the platoons. Heis alio to be anfwerable that nomoretants are pitched than are abfolutety neceffary, allowing one tent for the non-commiffioned officers; of each company, and one for every fixmen, including the drums and' fifes. The tents of the non-commiffioned officers' and privates are to be. pitched in two ranks with a-u interval of fix paces betwen the ranks, and two feet between each tent; the tents of the non-commiffioned officers to be in the front rank, on the right of their companies, in the right wing, and on the left in the left wing of the battalion. Nine feet front are to be allowed for each tent with its interval, | and twenty feet in the centre of the battalion for the adju- tant ; but when a regiment forms two battalions, the ad- < jutant is to encamp with the .firft battalion, -theferjeant- major fupplyinghis place in the fecond. The captains: and fubalterns, tents are to be in one line, . twenty feet from the rear of the men's tents; the captains* in the right wing oppofite the right of their refpective com- , panics, and the fabalterns' opptffit* the left; and the con- i Irary in the left wing. The field officers' tents are to be in one line,' thirty feet ♦from the line of officers; the 'colonel's- oppofite the -centre ; , the lieutenant colonel's on the tight; and the major's en the left. But If the regiment forms two battalion^, the colonel encamps behind the centre of the firft battalion ; the lieutenant colonel behind the fecond battalion, and die major behind the interval between the two battalions. The furgeon, pay,-mader,and quarter-mafter, encamp in one line, with the front of their tents In a line with the rear of the field officers' tent*; the > fuVgeon on die right, vpay-mafter on iheleft,,-,,and.q.uarterrmafter. jadie centre. The kitchens are to be dug Uhin4 their refptfftve com- -43 panies, forty feet from the field officers* tent*.- The Hit- lers' tents are to be between the kitchens. Thehorfesand waggons are to be placed In-*line, twen- ty feet behind the kitchens. The drums of each battalion are to be piled fix paces in front of the adjutant's tent, and the colours planted befotfe them. Thexarap Igua/rds are to be three;huniiiieed paces in front of thefirft line, and the:famc diftance in the rear of the fecond line. The quarter guard is to-be1 forty feebfrarcn) the waggons, oppofite the interval between the two battalions who-fur- nifh it. The finks of the firft line are to be three hundred feet in front, and thofe of the fecond line the fame diftance in the rear of the camp. The commanding officers of regiments are to be anf- werable thatnotents arepitched out of the Une ofcencamp- -ment on any account whatever, except for; die regimental hofpital. • • . , The.ground being marked- out, the quarter -mailers .will leave the pioneers,-and go to meet their regiments, con- duct them to their ground, and inform the colonel where •they are-to go for their ncceiflkries. ,-------------------------------,__------_.----w .....i ,',\ !.----r—----—-------------- -. C H -A P. XVII. ■•■' ; Manner of entering, a &an\p. . THE head of the cohimft arriving at the firft entrance • Of the camp, the.commanding officer.of the fu-fthat- l&liQn will comjn&and , i . Carry~r~Azms:! On which the men carry their arms, and the-drums beat a march ; and the oflkens will fee that their platoons have their proper diftances, clofe the ranks and files, and -each drefs the flank, on which his platoon is to .wheel, with the fame flank. of the platoon proceeding. Xhe other bat- talions obferve the fame directions, and keep their .proper diftaiioes>from each other. The general or officer commanding muft< take great care do march the troops in a directline ilong-the front of the camp, and at fuch a diftance as to give fufficient roomer 44 the large ft, platoons to march clear of the line of tents. As the battalions refpecttvely arrive in fro:»t of their ground, they halt, form battalion (dreffing with the right) and order or fupport their arms. The adjutants Immediately turn out the piquets that may have been ordered, form them in front of their refpect- ive battalions, and fend them to the rendezvous appointed. The piquets being fent off, the commanding officers of battalions command their men to pile their arms, and dif- mifs them to pitch their tents. As foon as a company have pitched their tents, the captain parades them, and they fetch in their arms. The tents of the battalion being all pitched, the adjutant will form .the detatchmentsfor neceflaries, and fend them off. In the mean time the commandirigofficer of the bat- talion, having examined the ground, will, if neceffary, order out a party to open the communications on the right and left ;: in front for-the troops and in the rear for the baggage. C H A P.. XVIII. Neceffary Regulations for preferving Order and Cleanlinefs in the Gamp. WHEN a regiment enters acamp^the field officers muft take care that the' encampment is pitched regularly ; that the finks and kitchens are immediately dug in their proper places, and that no tents are pitched < in any part of the camp- contrary to the order prefcribed. At lead one officer of a company muft remain on the parade, to fee that the tents are pitched regularly, on the ground marked oufi. ■ . The tents'fhould be marked with the name of each regi- ment and company, to prevent their being loft or exchang- ed, and .the tents of each company numbered ; and each non-commiffioned officer fhould have a lift of the tents, with the mens' names belonging to each.. The utenfils belonging to the tents are to be carried al- ternately by the men ; and the non-commiffioned officers of the fquads are to be aufwerable that they are not loft or fpoiled. #5 Whenever a regiment is to remain more than one night on the fame ground, the foldiers muft be obliged to cut a fmall trench round their tents, to carry off the rain? but great care muft be taken they do not throw the dirt up againft the tents. One officer of a-company muft every day vifit the tents* fee that they are kept clean ; that every utenfil belong- ing to them is in proper order ; and that no bones or other filth be in or near them ; and when the weather is fine, fhould order them to be ftruck about two hours at noon, and the ftraw and bedding well aired. The foldiers fhouldnot be permitted to eat in their tents, except in bad weather; and an officer of a company muft often vifit the meffes; fee that the provifion is good and well cooked ; that the men of one tent mefs together; and that the provifion is not fold or difpofedoffor liquor. Afubaltern, four non-commiffioned officers and a drum* mer muft every day be appointed for the police of each battalion, who are on no account to be abfent during the time they are on .duty. The officer of the police is to make a general inflection into the cleanlinefs of the camp, not fuffer fire -to be made any where but in the kitchens, and caufe all dirt to be immediately removed, and either burnt or buried. He is to be prefent at all distributions in the regiment, and to form and fend off all detachments far neceffaries. In cafe the adjutant is obliged to be abfent, the officer of the police is to do his duty till his return ; and for that purpofe he muft attend at the adjutant's tent, to be ready to receive and diftribu.te any orders that may come for the regiment. The drummer of the police muft attend conftantly at the adjutant's tent, to be ready at all times to communi- cate the neceffary fignals; nor muft he abfent himfelf on any account during the twenty, four hours, without leav- ing another drummer to fupply his place till his.return, nor then, without leave from the adjutant. When any of the men want water, they muft apply to the officer of the police, who will order the drum to beat the neceffary fignal; on which all who want water muft immediately parade with their canteens before the col- ours, where the officer, of the poli.ee will form and fend. 46 them off under the care of the two non com million ed of- ficers of the police, who are to be anfwerable that they bring back the whole detachment, and that no exceffes are committed whrlft they are out. Wood and all other neccf- faries muft be fetched In the fame manner. Except in cafe of neceffity, not more than one detachment is to be out at a time. The ^quarter-mafter muft be anfwerable that the parade and environs of the encampment of a regiment are kept clean ; that the finks are filled up, and new ones dug every four days, and oftener in warm weather ; and if any horfe or other. anim*tl" dies near the regiment, he muft jcaufe it to be camiedatieaft half a mile -from camp and buped. 1 The placewhfere the cattle are killed mud be at feaft fifty paocs in the rear of the ^wagigons ; and the entrails and otherrfiivh immediately buriad ; for which the com- miffaries are to be anfwerable. ^ 'Thequarter-mafter-general. muft take care that alldead animals, and every other nuifance in the environs of nhe cam p, Tie removed i No non-commiffioned officer -or foldier fhall he-permit- ted to pafs the xihain of fefitinuls round the camp, without permiffion in writingifrom the commanding officer of his raiment or battalion ; which pelrmHhon fhall be dated the fame day, and fha>ll, on the return ofthe.perfon to whom it was granted, ?be delivered to the adjutant, who is to return itito rhe colonel or commanding officer; with bis report* - Every detachment not conducted by a 'Cemmtffioned officer, fhall have a written permiffion from a field officer, br officer commanding a regiment, or the officer of the police if it be a detachment going for neceffaries-; without which they are not to be permitted to pafs the chain. All officers whatever are to make it a point of duty to ftop.every non-commiffioned officer or foldier they -meet without the chain, and examine his pafs ; and if he has not a fufficient pafs, or having one Is committing any excefs, the officer muft conduct him to the neareft guard, from wheneehe muft be fent, with his-crime, to hts.regiment. Theifentmel before the colours muft have orders, in cafe he hears any alarm iaoamp, or at the advanced pofts, 47 to acquaint the adjutant with it; who will Inform the commanding officer of the battalion, or order an alarm- beat, if the cafe requires it. CHAP. XIX. Of Roll Calls. THE rolls fhall be called in each Irattahon at troop: and retreat beating, at which tianes the men are to pa- rade with their arms; and at the beating of the reveille, and at noon, the commanding officers of-companies fhall caufe the rolls «f their refpective companies to be called, the men parading for that purpofe without arms, and to be de- tained no longer than is neceffary to call the roll. Th.~ non-commiffioned officers are to vifit their refpec- tive fquads a quarter of an hour after tattoo beating ; fee that they are all prefent and retired to reft ; and make their report to the conmanding officer of the company. No non-commiffioned officer or foldier is to be abfent from roll-call-without permiffion from the commanding officer of the company. • No commiffioned officer is to be abfent from roJl-call •without permiffion from the commanding officer of the regiment. CHAP XX. Of the Infpeetkn of the Men, their drefs, Neceffa- ries, Arms, Accoutrements, and ammunition. THE oftener the foldiers are under the infpection of thfir officers the better; for which reafon every morning at troop beating they.muft infpect into the drefs of their men -, fee that their clothes are whole and put on properly ; their hands and faces wafhed clean ; their hair combed; their accoutrements properly fixed, and every article about them in the greateft order. Thofe who are guilty of repeated neglects in thefe particulars are to be confined and punifbed. The field officers muft pay atten- tion to this object, taking proper notice of thofe companies where a vifible neglect appears, and publicly applauding thofe who are remarkable for their good appearance." 4* Every day the commanding officers &f companies muft examine their men's arms and ammunition, and fee that they are clean and in good order. (See farther Chap, xxiii) That the men may always appear clean on the parade, and as a mean of preferving their health, the non-com- miffioned officers are to fee that they wafh their hands and faces every day, and oftener when neceffary. And when any river is nigh, and the feafon favourable, the men fhall bathe themfelves as fri|uently as poffible, the commanding officers of each battalion fending them by fmall detachments fucceffively under the care of a non-commiffioned officer ; but on no account muft the men be permitted to bathewhen juft come off a march, at leaft till they have repofed long enough to get cool. Every Saturday morning the captains are to make a ge- neral-in fpect ion of their companies, and examine into the ftateofthe men's neceffarles, obferving that they agree In quantity with what is fpecified in the company book ; and that every article is the man's who fhews it. For which purpofc.and to dlfcover theft.every man's things fhould be marked ; if any thing is deficient, ftrict enquiry muft be made into the caufe of it; and fhould it appear to be loft, pledged, fold, or exchanged, the offender muft be feverely punifhed. That the men may not be improperly burdened and fa- tigued, the captains are not to fuffer them to carry any thing which is either ufelefs or unneceffary. CHAP. XXI. Of the different Beats of the Drum.' THE different daily beats fhall begin on the right, and be inftantly follbwed by the whole army ; to fa- ciliate which,the drummer's call fhall be beat by the drums of the police, a quarter of an hour before the time of beat- ing, when the drummers will affemble before the colours of their refpective battalions ; and as foon as the beat be- gins on the right, it is to be immediately taken up by the whole army, the drummers beating along the front of their refpective battalions, from the centre to the right, from thence to the left, and back again to the centre, where they, finifb. The different beats and fignals are to be as follows : The General is to be beat only when the whole are to march and is the fignal to ftrike the tents, and prepare for the march. The AJfembly is the fignal to repair to the colours. The March for the whole to move. The Reveille is beat at day-break, and is the fignal for the foldiers to rife, and the centries to leave off challenging. ML The Troop affembles the foldiers together, for the purpofe of calling the roll and infpecting the men for duty. The Retreat is beat at fun fet, for calling the roll, warning the men for duty, and reading the orders of the day. The Tattoo is for the foldiers to repair to their tents, where they muft remain till reveille beating next mornin». ToArms is the fignal for getting under arms in cafe of alarm. The Parley is to defire a conference with the enemy. The Signals. Adjutant's call—firft part of the troop. Firft Serjeant's call—-one roll and three flams. All non-commiffioned officers' call—invo rolls and five flaws. To go for wood-—po'tng ftro.ke and tenftroke roll. Water—■ twoftrokes and a flam. Provifions—roafll beef. Front to halt—tixJo flams from right to left, and a full drag 'with the right, a left hand flam arid a right hand full drag. For the front to advance quicker—the hug inarch. ■' To march flower—thi taps. For the drummers—the drummer's call. For a fatigue party—the pioneers march. For the church call—the parley. The drummers will practife a hundred .pace* in front ©f the battalion, at the hours fixed by the adjutant, gene- ral ; and any drummer found beating at any other time, except ordered, fhall be punifhed. CHAP. XXII. Of the Service of the Guards. Article I. Of the different Guards, with their Ufe, THE different guards of the army will confift of i ft. Out poft and piquet guards. E _________________________________________*afc $0 2d. Camp and quarter guards. 3d- General and ftaff officers guards. The piquet guards are formed by detachments from the line, and are polled at the avenues of the camp, in fuch numbers as the general commanding thinks neceffa- ry for the fecurity of the camp. The camp and quaitcr guards are for the better fecu- rity of the camp, as well as for preferving good order and, difcipline. j^ Every twobattallowF'will furnifh a camp, dnd quarter' guard between them, to confift qf Subalt. Serj. Corp. Drumm. Priv. f For the camp \ 1 1 1 1 27 l guard. j 1 - 9 P°r the quarter guard. The camp guard of the front line is, to be polled three hundred spaces in front of it, and that of the fecond line the fame diftance in the rear of the fecond line, each oppo- fite the interval of the two battalion i, who furnifh it. ' Each guard will poll nine fentinels, viz. one before the guard, two on the right and two on the left; thefe five fentinels, with thofe from the other battalions, forming a chain in the front and rear of the camp; the fixth and feventL fentinels before the colours ; and the eighth and ninth before the tents of the commanding officers of the two battalions. In order to complete the chain of fentinels round the camp, the adjutant general will order two flank."guards from the line, to confift of a commifu/wied officer, and as many men as are neceffary to 0tm a chain on the.fla'nks. The intention of the cqjnjp1 guards being to form a chain ' of fentinels round the camp, in order to prevent improp- ' 1 er pcrfons entering, or the foldiers going out of camp, the ' commanding officers of brigades will add to, Or diminifh ' 4 them, foas toanfwer the above prjrpofe. 3 The quarter guard is to be polled twenty paces in the rear of the line of waggons, and will furnifh three fenti- nels, viz. one at the guard, and one behiad each battal- ion. * The guards of thc,ger.eral#nd other officers will be as follows. ' " 5* S»bal. Serj. Corp. Priv. i i 20 - I 12 - i 12 A Major gene at will have - . A Brigadier general Quarter-mafter general (as fuch) A djaitant general - - 12 Commiffary general 1 6 Pay-mafter general -' 1 6 Auditors - 1 6 Judge advocate general - 1 - 3 Mufter mafter general - 1 3 Clothier general - 1 3 Brigade commiffary ~i General hofpital S- -according to circumftances. Provoft guard J Any additional'guard to the quarter-mafter, commiffary dr'clothier^erreral, will be determined by thsffcorcs they may have rri pofTeffion. The different guards are all to mount atone hour, to be regulated by the commanding officer for the tirrie being. The camp andquarter guards are to parade before the interval of their battalions, where they will be formed by the adjutant who furnifhes the officer, and immediately fent, off to their refpective pofts. The guard of a major general is to Be fuvnifhed from his own divifion, each brigade furnifhlng it by turns ; ids to be formed by the majdr of brigade, add fent from the brigade parade. The guard of a brigadier general Is to be fuvnifhcd by his own bribade, and formed and fent from the brigade parade by the major of brigade. The brigade commiffary's guard is to be furnifhed in the fame manner. The otherguards being compofed of detachments from thelinc by brigades, each detachment is formed on the brigade parade by the major of brigade, and fent with an adjutant to thegrand parade. All guards, except thofe which are honorary, fhould or- dinarily be of force proportioned to the number of fenti- nels required, allowing three relieves for each poft. Article ll< Of the grand P&rade. As f©en as a detachment arrives on the grand parade j the officer having dreffed the ranks, commands, 52 Order—Firelocks ! and then takes poft eight paces in front of his detach- ment ; the non-commiffioned officers fall two paces into the rear, except one who remains on the right of every detachment. Each detachment takes poft on the left of that preceding it, and Is examined by the brigade major of the day as it arrives. When the whole are affembleJ, the adjutant of the day dreffes the line, counts die files from right to left, and takes poft on the right. The brigade major then commands, Attention! Shoulder—Firelock! Support—Arms! Officers and non-commiffioned Officers! To the Centre—March ! The officers then march to the centre, and form them- felves, accordipg to feniority, in one rank, fixteen paces in front of. the guards ; the non-commiffioned officers ad- vance and form two ranks, four pac«s in the rear of the officers and with the fame diftance between their ranks. The brigade major then appoints the officers and non- commiffioned officers to their pofts ; the officers in the following manner; "he i ft on the right of the lftl 51- 2d on the left of the 8th 3d in the centre, on the right of the 5th 4th on the right of the 2 d divifion, or 3d -4" 1 5th on the right of the 4th divifion, or 7 th 6th on the right of the 2d 1 7th on the right of the 8 th ^ 8th on the right of the 4th 1 oih on the right of the 6th ri loth in the rear of tht 1 ft ° 2 1 ith in ihe rear of the 8th 12th in the rear of the 5th 5 ^ ] 13 th in the rear of the 3^ 00 14th in the rear of the 7th *° 1 15th in the rear of the 2d " 1 16th in the rear of the 6th -4* 17th In the rear of the 4th «^ 18th In the rear of tie 5th ^^ 19th in the rear of the ift "I 20th in the rear of the 8th 21 53 The non-commiffioned officers are polled thus ; A fer- jeant on the right of each platoon, and one on the left of the whole ; the reft as file clofers equally divided to each platoon. ^ Whttft this is doing, the adjutant divides the guard into eight platoons, leaving proper intervals between the plat- oons for the officers who are to command them. The brigade major having appointed the officers, and the battalion being divided, he commands; Officers and non-commiffioned Officers ! To your pofis t The officers and non-commiifioned officers face out- wards from the cenire. March ! They go directly to their pofts in the battalion. The brigade major then advances to Lie general, officer of the day, informs him that the battalior* is formed, and takes his directions relative to iliz exercife. The general of the day will ufually order the manual'. ■exercife to be performed, and fome manoeuvres, fuch as he thinks proper ; the major of brigade of the-Jay giving th ^ words of command. The exercife being finifhcd,the major of brigade commands Order—Firelocks / The drums then beat from right to left of the parade, and paffing behind the officers of the day, take poft on their left. The major of brigade then orders, Shoulder—Firelocks! Support—Arms! Officers and Non-commiffioned Officers! ' To the Centre-—March ! They advance as before to the centre, qnd the brigade major appoints them to their refpective guards, takes ihe name of the officer commanding each guard, and gives him the parole and counterfign. The adjutant having in the mean time told off the guards, and divided them into platoons, the brigade major then command?, . Officers and Non-commiffioned Officers ! To your pofis! March ! The officers go to their refpective pofts. The. brigade major then commands, E 2 51 Prtfent—Arms! And advancing to the general, acquaints him that the guards are formed ; and on receiving his orders to march them off, he commands, Shoulder—Firelocks! By Platoons ! to the Right—Wheel! March! The whole wheel and march by the general, the officers faluting him as they pafs ; and when the whole have paff- ed, they wheel off and march to their refpective pofts. Article III. Of relieving Guards and Sentinels. The guards in camp will be relieved every twenty four hour?. -The guards without the limits of the camp will ordinarily be relieved in the fame manner ; but this muft depend on their diftances from camp, and other circum- ftances, which may fometimes require their continuing on duty for feveral days. In this cafe they muft be previoufly notified to provide themfelves accordingly. The guards are to march in the greateft order to their refpective pofts, marching by platoons, whenever the roads will permit. When the new guard approaches the poft,they carry their irms; and the officer of the old guard, having his guard paraded, en the approach of the new guard, commands, Prefint—Arms ! and his guard prefent their arms. The new guard marches paft the old guard, and takes poft three or four paces on its right, both guards fronting towards the enemy ; and the officer commands, Prefent—Arms ! and the new guard prefent their arms. The two officers then approach each other, and the re- lieving officer takes his orders from the relieved. Both efficers then return to their guards, and commands, Shoulder—Firelocks ! NonCommiffioned officers ! Forward—March! The non-commiffioned officers of both guards, who are '.i ■■ • . <■ 55 to relieve the fentinels, advance In front of the new guard. The ferjeant of the new guard then tells off as many fentinels as are neceffary; and the corporal of the new guard, conducted by a corporal of the old guard, relieves - the fentinels, beginning by the guard houfe. When the fcntinel fees the relief approach, he prefents his arms, and the corporal halting his relief at fix paces diftance, commands, Prefent-—Arms! Recover—Arms I This laft command Is only for the fentinel relieving, and the one to be relieved ; the former immediately approach- ing with the corporal, and having received his orders from the old fentry, takes his place ; and the fentry relieved' marches into the ranks, placing himfelf on the left of the rear rank- Front—Face ! Both fentries face to the front. The corporal then orders Shoulder—Firelock! Support-~*Arms ! March I and the relief proceeds in the fame manner till the whole arerelieved. If the fentries are numerous, the ferjeants are to be em- ployed as well as the corporals in relieving them. When the corporal returns with the old fentinels, he leads them before the old guard* and difmiffes them to their ranks. The officer of the old guard then forms his guard In the fame manner as when he mounted, and marches them in order to camp. As foon as he arrives in the camp, he halts, forms the men of the different brigades together, and fends them to their refpective brigades, conducted by a non-commiffion- ed officer, or careful foldier. When the old guard march off, the new guard prefent their arms, till they are gone, then fhoulder, face to the left, and take the place of the old guard. The officer then orders a non-commiffioned officer to take down the names of the guard^in the following man- ser. 5$ Hours they goon, / 0—4,10-4. 12-.6, 12--6, 2—8, 2—8.. Poft No. Men's Men's nam. Men'snam. Suppofe the guard to confift of twenty four men, and to furnifh eight fentinels, they are divided into three relieves, and the pofts being numbered, beginning always with the guard houfe, each man's name is put down againft the number of the poft he will always ftand fentry at during the guard,by which mean an officer knows what particular man was at any poft daring any hour of the day or night. The relief of fentries is always to be marched in the greateft order, and with fupported arms, the corporal oft- en looking back to obferve the conduct of the men ; and if an officer approaches, he is to order his men to handle their arms, fupportingthcm again when he has pafled. The corporals are to be anfwerable that the fentries, when relieving, perform their motions with the greateft fpirit and exactness. A corporal who is detected in having the infolence to faffer fentries to relieve each other, without his being pref- ent, fhall, as well as the fentry fo relieved, be fpverely pun* t(hed. Article IV. Infirutlions to Qfjicers on Guard. On the vigilance of the officer depends not only the fafe- ty of his guard, but that of the whole army. As it is highly nfceffary an officer fhould have fome- knowledge of his fituatlon, he muft, immediately after re- lieving the-old guard, vifit the fentinels, and examine the ground round his poft ; and if he tifinks the fentries not fufficient to fecure him from a furprlfe, he is at liberty to place more, acquainting therewith the general or field officer of the day who* vifits his poft ; but without their leave he is not to alter any that are already pofted. He 57 muft caufo the roads leading to the enemy and to the next pofts to be well reconnoitred by an officer of the guard, or for want of one, by an Intelligent non-commiffioned officer and fome faithful men, inform himfelf of every thing neceffary for his fecurity, and ufe every poffible pre- caution againft a furprife. _ He muft permit no flranger to enter his poft, nor fuffer his men to talk with him. If a fufpicious perfon, or a deferter from the- enemy ap- proaches.; he muft flop him and fend him to head quar- ters,, or to a fuperior officer. He muft on no account fuffer the foldiers to pull off their accoutrements, or ftrag- gle more than twenty paces from the guard ; and if wat- er or any other neceffatias are wanted for the guard, they muft be fent for by a non commiffioned officer and fome men, with their arms if at an out poft, on no account fuffering a foldier to go by himfelf; but never whilft the fentinels are relieving. He muft examine every relief before it Is fent off; fee that their arms are loaded and in order, and that the men are acquainted with their duty ; and if by any accident a man fhould get the leaft difguifed with liquor, he muft on no account be fuffered to go on fentry. At every relief the guard muft parade, and the roll be called ; and during the night, and when near the enemy, during the day, the guard muft remain under arms till the relief returns. During the day the men may be permitted to reft them- felves as much as is confident with the fafety of the guard; buijn the night, no man muft be fuffered to lay down or fleep on any account, but have his arms conftantly in his hands, and be ready to fall in on the leaft alarm. Between every relief the fentries muft be vifited by a non-commiffioned officer and a file of men ; and, when more than one officer is on guard, as often as poffible by an officer, A patrol alfo muft be frequently fent on th* roads leading to the enemy. During the day, the fentinels on the out poft* mutt ttop every party of men, whether armed or not, till they have been examined by the officer of the guard. As foon as it is dark, the counterfign muft be given to the fentinels of the piquets and advanced pofts,..after which they are to challenge all that approach them; an* 5« if any perfon, after being ordered to ftartd, fnould con- tinue to approach or attempt to efcdp'e, the fentry, after challenging him thfee tithes, muft fire on him. The feritlnels of the Interior guards of the'camp will receive the couriteffign, and begjn to challenge, at fuch hiSiirs as fhall be determined in orders, according to clr- cumfl knee's. A fentinel, on perceiving any perfon approach, muff challenge brifkly, and never fuller more than one to ad- vance, till he has the counterfign given him ; if the per- fon challenged has not the counterfign, the fentry muft call me ferjeant of the guard, and keep the perfon at it little diftance frdth his poft, till the ferjeant comes to ex- amine him. Whenever a fentry dtt an out poft perceives more than v^. three men approach, he muft Order them to ftand, rfnd lhi-\ mediately pafs tlie word for the ferjeant of the guard ; the officer of the guard mrift immediately parade his guard* and fend a ferjeant With a party of men to examine the" party ; The non-eommiffidrted officer muft brld^r the com* manding officer €>f the party to advance, and conduct him* to the officer of the guard ; who, in cafe he is unacquaint- ed with liis perfon, and does not chobfe to truft either to his cloathing or to his'khowledge'of the counterfign, muft demand his paffpbrt, and examine him ftrrttty; and if convinced of his belonging to the army', frnift let him pafs. If a (entry, on challenging, re anfwerfedrelief", patrol or round, he muft in that cafe orderthe ferjeant or corporal to advance with the counterfign ; and if he-Is then affdred of their being the relief, 6tc. he may fuffer them to ad- vance. A fentinel fflu'ft take the greateft care not tobe furprif- e'd ; he muft never fuffer the perfon who advance's to give the counterfign, to approach ivithfn reach of his arms, and always charge his bayonet. The officers who mount the camp guards muft give orders to their fentries not to fuffer any perfon to pafs in or out of camp, except by 6he of the guards, nor theft fill the officer of the guard has examined him. In cafe one of the guard deferts, the officer muft imme- diately change the counterfign, and fend notice thereof 5» to the geqeral of the day: who is to communicate the fame to the other guards, and the adjutant general. As foon as the officer of a guard difcovers the approach of the enemy, he muft immediately fend notice to the neareft general officer, call in the fentries, and put him- felf in the beft pofture of defence. If attacked on his poft, he will defend It to the utmoft of his power, nor retreat, unlefs compelled by fuperior force; and even then he muft retire in the greateft order, keeping ai fire on the enemy, whofe fuperiority, however great, can never juftify a guard's retiring in diforder. Should the enemy purfue a guard into camp, the officer muft take care to retire through the intervals of the battalions, and form- ing in the rear of the line, wait for further orders. When an officer is pofted at a brjdge, defile, or any work, with orders to maintain it, he mu(l defend himfelf to the laft extremity, however fuperior the force of the,' enemy fnay be, as it is to he fuppofed that the general who gave .thofe orders will reinforce .him, or order him to retire whenever he thinks it proper. An officer muft never throw in the whole of his file at once ; for which reafon evrjy guard is to, be divided into two or more divifionspr platoons,according to its ftrength; any number above eight and under feventy-eight men forming two platoons ; the eldeft officer taking poft on the right of the firft platoon,the next eldeft on the right of the fecond platoon, and the third on the left of the" whole ; the non-commiffioned officers cover the officers; the drum is to be on the right of the captain, and the fentinel one pace advanced cfthe drum- If the guard coqfiils of no more than twelve men, it forms in one rank. Article V. Method of going and rect ivingthe Grand Rounds- The general and field officers of the day will vifit the feveral guards during the day, as often and at fuch hours, . as they judge proper. When the fentry before the guard perceives the officer of the day, he will call to the guard to turn out; and the guard,being paraded.on the approach of the officer of the day prefent their arms. The officer of the da J will examine the guard j fee that 6o none are abfent ;*that their arms and accoutrements are in order ; that the officers and non-commiffioned officers are acquainted with their duty ; and that the fentinels are prop- erly pofted and have received proper orders. Not only the officers of the day, but all general officers ■ are at liberty to vifit the guards and make the fame ex- amination. The officers of the guard fhall give the parole to the officer 6f the day, if demanded. During the night, the officers of the day will go the \ grand rounds. When the officer of the day arrives at the guard from whence he intends to begin his rounds, he will make him- felf known as fuch by giving the officer of the guard the I parole. He will then order the guard under arms, and having examined it, demand an efcort of a ferjeaUt and two > men, and proceed to the next poft. When the rounds are challenged by a fentinel, they will anfwcr, Grand rounds J and the fentry will reply, Stand, Grand rounds! Advance ferjeant with the counterfign 7 Upon which the ferjeant advances and gives the counter- fign. The fentinel will then? cry, Advance,rounds ! and prefent his arms till they have paffed. -When the fentry before the guard challenges, and is anfwered, Grand 'rounds! he will reply, Stand, Grand rounds! Turn out the guard ! Grand rounds ! Upon the fen- tinel's calling, the guard is to be turned out and drawn up in good order, with fhouldered arms, the officers taking their pofts. The officer commanding the guard will then order a ferjeant and two men to advance towards the round and challenge. When the ferjeant of the guard ' comes within ten paces of the rounds, he is to halt and challenge brifkly. The .ferjeant of the rounds is to an- fwer, Grand rounds ! The ferjeant of the guard replies, . | Stand, grand rounds ! advance ferjeant with the counterfign ! ' and orders his men to prefent their arms. The ferjeant of the rounds advances alone, and giving the counterfign, ■ returns to his rounds ; and the ferjeant of the guard calls to his officer, The counterfign is right ! On which the officer of the guard calls, Advance, rounds ! The officer of the rounds then advances alone, and on his approach the guard prefent their arms. The officer of the rounds pafl- 6i es along the front of the guard immediately to the officer, who keeps his poft on the right, and gives him the parole. He then examines the guard, orders back his efcort, and demanding a new one, proceeds in the fame manner to the other guards. Article VI. Honors due from Guards to General Officers and others. To the commander in chief: All guards turn out With prefented arms ; the drums beat a march, and the' officers falute. To major generals: They turn out with prefented arms, and beat two ruffles. To brigadier generals: They turn out with prefented arms, and beat one ruffle. To officers of the day : They turn out with prefented arms, and beat according to their rank. Except from thefe rules a general officer's guard, which turns out and pays honors only to officers of fuperior rank to the general whofe guard it is. To colortels : Their own quarter guards turn out Once a day with prefented arms7; after which they only turn cut with ordered arms. To lieutenant colonels: Their own quarter gdards turn out once a day with fhouldered arms; after which they on- ly turn out and ftand by their arms. To majors : Their own quarter guards turn out once a day with ordered arms ; at all other times they ftand by their arms. When a lieutenant colonel or major commands a regi- ment, the quarter guard Is to pay him the fame honors as are ordered to a colonel. All fentries prefent their arms to general officers, and to the field officers of their own regiments; to all other com- miffioned officers they ftand with fhouldered arms. The prefident of congtefs, all govenors in their own ftates, ahd committees of congreft at the army, fhall have the fame honors paid them as the commander in chief. When a detachment with arms panes before a guard,the guard fhall be under arms, and the drums of both beat a match. F 62 When a detachment without arms paffes, the guard fhall turn out and ftand by their arms. After dark no honors are to be paid ; and when near the enemy, no honors are to be paid with the drum. CHAP. XXIII. Of the Arms'and Ammunition, with the Methods of preferving them. THE prefervation of the arms and ammunition is an object that requires the greateft attention. Com- manding officers of regiments muft be anfwerable for thofe of their regiments, and captains for their refpective compa- nies. An ofltcer of a company muft every morning at roll- call infpect minutely into the (late of the men's arms, ac- coutrements and ammunition ; and if it fhall appear that a foldier has fold, or through careleffnefs loft or damaged any part of them, he muft be confined and punifhed, and floppages made of his pay, as hereafter mentioned : For which purpofe fuch officers fhall certify to the command- ing officer of the regiment the names of the delinquents, and the loffes or damages which fhall appear of their arms, ammunition and accoutrements ; and the commanding officer, after due examination, fhall order ftoppages to be made for whatever fhall appear to have been fold, loft or damaged as aforefaid. The ftoppages to be as follows; For a firelock, fixteen dollars; a bayonet, two dollars ; a ram-rod, one dollar ; a cartridge-box, four dollars ? a bayonet-belt, one dollar ; a fcabbard, two thirds of a dollar ; a cartridge, one fixth of a dollar : a flint, one twentieth of a dollar ; a gun-worm, one fourth of a dollar;. a (crew-driver, one twelfth of a dollar ; And for arms, accoutrements and ammunition damaged, fuch films as the repairs fhall coft the dates, to be'efti- mated by the brigade conductor, or^ when a corps is de- tached, by fuch perfon as its commanding officer fhall appoint for that purpofe; provided that fuch flop- J3 pages do >ot exceed one half the delinquent's oay monthly. i.j It is highly eflential to the fervice that the ammunition fhould be at all times kept complete ; for which purpofe, as often as is neceffary, a return Is to be made by each company of the number of cartridges deficient, to the quarter-mafter, that he may make out a general one for the regiment, to be figned by the commanding officers of the regiment and brigade, and no time loft in fupplying the de- ficiency. The like care is to be taken that all deficiencies of arms and accoutrements are fupplied without lofs of time. All arms, accoutrements and ammunition unfit for fer- vice, are to be carefully preferved and fent by the com- manding officer of each company to the regimental quar- ter-mafter, who fhall deliver the fame to the brigade con- ductor, they refpectively giving receipts for what they re- ,)' ceive. The arms, accoutrements' and ammunition cf the '' fick and others, when delivered up, are to be taken care of in the fame manner. Before the cartridge-boxes are put in the arm-chefts, the cartridges muft be taken out to pre- vent any lofs or accident. A conductor fhall be appointed to each brigade, who fhall have under his immediate care and direction a travel- ling forge and five or fix armourers, an ammunition wag- gon, and a waggon with an arm-cheft for each battalion, each eheft to hold twenty-five arms, to receive the arms and accoutrements wanting repair, or of the men fick or abfent: and when the arms delivered in by a battalion fhall exceed the above number, the furplus fhall be fent to the- commiffary of military ftores. The brigade conductor fhall iffue no ammunition but by order of the commanding officer of the brigade ; but may receive a»d deliver the arms and accoutrements of each A battalion, by order of its commanding officer. The ammunition waggon fhall contain twenty thoufand cartridges ; and in order to keep the feme complete, the conductor fhall, as deficiencies arife,apply to the field com- miffary, or one of his deputies, for a fupply, or otherwife for the neceffary materials of cartridges, and to the major of brigade for men to make them up under the direction of the conductor ; and for this purpofe the brigade major fhall. order out a party of the moft careful foldiers. 6| The non-commiffioned officers of each company will be provided with gun-worms ; and every day,at the noon roll- __ call of the company,thofemcn who have returned from duty are to bring their arms and have their charges drawn ; the firft ferjeant to receive the powder and ball,and deliver the fame to the quarter-mafter. CHAP. XXIV. Of the Treatment of the Sick. THERE is nothing vjhich gains an officer the love of his foldiers more than his care of them under the dif- trefs of ficknefs ; it is then he has the power of exerting his humanity in providing them every comfortable neceffary, and making their fituation a» agreeable as poffible. Two* or three tents fhoujd be fet apart in every regiment fof iTrj reception of fuch fick'as cannot be fent to the ge- neral hofpital, or whofe cafes may not require it. Ana e* very company fhall be conftantly furnifhed with two facks to be filled occafionally with ftraw,and ferve as beds for the fick. Thefe facks to be provided in the fame manner as cloathing for the troops, and finally iffued by the regimen- tal clothier to the captain of each company, who fhall bt anfwerahle for the fame. When a foldier dies,oris difmiffed the hofpital, the ftraw he lay on is to be burnt, and the bedding well wafhed and aired before another is permitted to ufe it. The ferjeants and corporals fhall every morning at roll- call give a return of the fick of their refpective fquad? to the firft ferjeant* who muft make out one for the company, and lofe no time in delivering it to the furgeon, who will immediately vifit them, and order fuch as he thinks propt- er to the regimental hofpital; fuch whofe cafes require their being fent to the general hofpital, he is to report im- mediately to the furgeon general, or principal furgeon at- tending the army. Once every week (and oftener when required) the fur- geon will deliver the commanding officer of the regiment a return of the fick of the regiment, with their diforders, diftingulfhing thoie in the regimental hofpital from thofe out of it. 63 When a foldier is fent to the hofpital, the non-com- miffioned officer of his fquad fhall deliver up his arms and accoutrements to the commanding officer of the company, that they may be depofited in the regimental arm cheft. When a foldier has been fick.fae muft not be put on duty till he has recovered fufficient ftrength, of which the fur- geon fhould be judge. The ftirgeons are to remain with their regiments as well on a march as in camp, that in cafe of fudden accidents they may be at hand to apply the proper remedies. ■ - -----J I |.-Mil , .. ■!)! ,ij n, | i . j .. C H.A P. XXV. Of Reviews. Article I. Of Reviews of Parade. HEN a battalion is to be reviewed,it muft be drawn up in thcfollowing manner. The ranks at four paces diftance from egch other; the colours advanced four paces from the centre ; the. colonel t twelve paces before the colours ; the lieutenant colonel four paces behind the colonel: the major on the right of the battalion In the line of officers; the adjutant .behind, the centre'; the officers commanding platoons eight paces be- fore their intervals; and the other officers on the fame line equally divided in front of their refpective platoons ; the ferjeants who covered officers take their places in the front rank of their platoons ; the other non-commiftioned officers who Were in the rear, remain rf^ve, falling back- four paces behind the rear rank ; and the, drummers aril fifers are equally divided on the wings of the battalion, dreffing with the front rank. The general officer who' is to review them being within thirty paces of the .battalior, the colonel orders Battalion! Prefent—<-Arms! On which the men prefent their arms, and the drums on the* right wing falute him according to his rank,the officers and colours falute him as he pafies in front of the battalion ; and on his arriving at the left, the drums beat the fame as on the right. The colonel then commands F 2. w 66 Shoulder~~~Firelocks! And when the general has advanced to the front, Rear Rank! Clofe to the Front / On Which the officers face to their platoons. March! The rear rank clofes to the front, and the officers ftep- ping off at the fame time, thofe comm 'nding platoons take their pofts in the front rank, and the others go through the intervals to their pofts in the rear. The colonel then commands Battalion! By Platoons! To the Right,—Wheel!March ! The whole wheel by platoons to the right, and march by the general; the colonel at the head of tie battalion, with the major behind him, followed by-the drums of the right wing; the adjutant on the left of the fifth platoon ; and the lieutensut colonel in the rear, preceded by the drums of the left wing. The officers and colours falute when within eight paces of the general; and the colonel having faluted, advances to him. Thebattalion having marched to its ground and formed, the general orders fuch exercife and manoeuvres as he thinks proper. Article II. Of Reviews of infpetlion, For a review of infpection the battalion muft not be told off into platoons,but remain in companies,,at open order; the drums and fifes on the right, and the enfigns with the colours in front of their refpective companies. The Infpector begins with a general review, paffing along the front of the battalion from right to left, accompanied by the field and ftaff officers. The general review over,die colonel commands Rear Rank ! Clofe to the Front! March ! The rear rank clofes to the front, the officers remaining in front. By companies / To the. Right,—Wheel! March! 6y Each company wheels to the right; the captains then open theirranks,andorder 'Non commiffioned Officers! To theFront—March I The officers take poft four paces, and the non-commifi. fioned officers two paces, in front of their companies-. The whole then order their firelocks by word of com-' mand from their captains,except the firft company,where the infpection begins ; when the firft company has been Infpected, they order their firelocks, and the next compa- ny fhoulders ; the others proceed In the fame manner till the whole are infpected. The field and ftaff officers accompany theinfpector while h^ infpects the companies; and when the infpection is over, the colonel forms the battalion, and caufes it to perform any exercife or manoeuvres the Infpector thinks proper to order. INSTRUCTIONS. Infirudtions for the Commandant of a Regiment.. THE (late having entrufted him with the care of a re- giment, his greateft ambition fhould be to have it at all times arfd in every refpect as complete as poffible ; To do which, he fhould pay great attention to.the following objects : -N The prefervation of the foldiers.health fhould be bis firft and greateft care ; and as that depends in a great meafure on their cleanlinefs and manner of living, he muft have a watchful eye over the officers of companies, that they pay the neceffary attention to their men in. thofe re- fpects The only means-of keeping the foldiers in order is, $o have them continually under the eyes of their fuperiors; for which reafon the commandant fhould ufe the utmoft feverity to prevent their draggling from their companies, and'never fuffer them to leave the regiment without being under the care of a non-commiffioned officer, except in ca- fes of neceffity. And in order to prevent any man's being abfent from the regiment without his knowledge, he muft often count the files, and fee that they agree with the re- 68 turns delivered him, ftrictljr obliging every man returned fit for duty to appear under arms on all occafions ; and if any are miffing, he muft oblige the commanding officer of the company to account for their abfence. In a word,the commandant ought to-know upon what duty and where every man of his regiment is. To thefe points the other field officers muft alfo pay attention. The choice of non cemmiffioned officers is alfo an -object of the greateft importance: the order and difcipline of a regiment depends fo much upon their behaviour, that too much care cannot be taken in prefering none to that truft but thofe who by their merit and good conduct are enti- tled to it. Honefty, fobriety, and a remarkable attention to every point of duty, with a aeatnefs in their drefs, are indtfpenfable requifites ; afpirit to command refpect and obedience from the men,and expertnefs in performing every part of the exercife,; and an ability to teach it, are abfolute- ly neceffary; nor can a ferjeant or corporal be faid to be pline, arms,accoutrements, cloathing, and generally, with the whole interior management and economy of the regiment. He muft have a watchful eye over the officers*, and o- blige them to do their duty on every occafton ; he muft often caufe them to be exercifed in his preftnee, and fn- ftruct them how to command th*jr platoons and preferve their diftances. - He muft endeavour to make his regiment perform th^u? exercife & 'manoeuvres with the greateft vivacity and pre- cifion, examine often the ftate of the different companies* making the captains anfwer for any deficiencies he may perceive, and reporting the fame to the colonel. x He muft pay the greateft attention to have ail orders executed with the drifted punctuality, fo far as refpeet* his regiment; and fhould every week examine the adjutant and quarter-mafter's books,and fee that all returns,order6, and other matters.the objects of their refpective duties are regularly entered. He muft caufe to be kept a regimentalbook, wheraii-, fhould be entered the name and rank of every officer, the? date of his commiffion,& the time he joined the regiment, the name and defcription of every non-commiffjoaed of- ficer and foldier, his trade or occupation, the place of his birth and ufual refidence, where,.when and for what term. ;o he was enlifted ; discharges, furloughs and' courts martial, copies of all returns.and every cafualty that happens in the regiment. He muft be at all times well acquainted with the ftrength of his regiment and brigade, and the details of the army, and fee that his regiment furnifhes no more than its pro- poition for duty. He muft ofteninfpeet th^ detachments for duty furnifhed by his regiment.fce that they are complete in every refpect and formed agreeably to the regulation?. On a march he muft often ride along the flanks of his regiment; fee that the platoons march in order, and keep their proper diftances. When the regiment is detached, he will poft the guards ordered by the colonel, often vifit them, examine whether the officers, non-commiffioned officers and fentinels are ac- quainted with their duty, and give them the neceffary in. ftructions. InfiruHions forthe Adjutant. THE adjutant is to be chofen from among the fubal* terns, the field officers taking care to nominate one the moft Intelligent and beft acquainted with the fervice. He muft keep an exact detail of the duty of the officers & non-commiffioned officers of his regiment, taking care to regulate his roller in fuch a manner as not to have too ma- ny officers or non-commiffioned officers of the fame com- pany on duty at the fame time. He muft keep a book, in which he muft every day take the general and other orders, and fhew them to the com- manding officer of the regiment, who having added thofe -.he thinks neceffary for the regiment, the adjutant muft af- femble the firft ferjeants of the companies, make them co- py the orders,and give them their details for the next day. He muft attend the parade at the turning out of all guards or detachments, infpeet their drefs, arms, accou- trements and ammunition, form them into platoons or fee- tions,and conduct them to the general or brigade parade. .When the regiment parades for duty or exercife, he muft count it off, and divide it into divifions and platoons, and carry the orders of. the colonel where neceffary. The adjutant Is to receive-no orders but from the field officers and officer commanding a battalion. On a march he muft ride along the flanks of the regiment to fee that regularity is obferved, and muft pay attention to the ferjeant in the rear, that he brings up all ftraglers. On the arrival of the regiment in camp, his firft care is to form and fend off the guards ; and when the tents are pitched,he muft immediately order out the neceffary num- ber of fatigue men to dig the vaults or finks, and open communications where neceffary. He will then form the detachments for wood, water and other neceffaries. He muft be conftantly with the regiment, ready to re- ceieve and execute any orders that may come ; nor muft he go from his tent without leaving an officer to do his du- ty, or directions where he may be found. InfiruBions for the Quarter-Mafikr. THE quarter-mafter, being charged with encamping and quartering tlie regiment, fhouid be at all times acquainted with its ftrength, that he may require no more ground than is neceffary, nor have more tents pitched than the number prefcribed ; for both which he is accountable. He muft inform the regiment where to fetch their wood, water and other neceffaries, and where to pafture the horfes. He muft inftruct the quarter-mafter ferjeant and pioneers in the manner of laying out the camp, agreeably to the order prefcribed In the regulations. He is anfwerable for the cleanlinefs of the camp, and that the foldiers make no fire any where but in the kitchens. When the army marches, he muft conduct the pioneers to the place appointed,and order the quarter-mafter ferjeant to take charge of the baggage. • He is to make out all returns for camp equipage, arms, accoutrements, ammunition, provifions and forage, and re- ceive and diftribute them to the regiment, taking the ne- ceffary vouchers for the delivery, and entering all re- ceipts and deliveries in a book kept by him for that purpofe. He muft pay particular attention to the prefervation of . the camp equipage, caufe the neceffary repairs to be done when wanting, and return every thing unfit for ufe to the (lores from which he drew them. 72 The prefervation of the arms, accoutrements & ammuni- tion is of fuch effential importance, that he muft be ftriotly attentive to have thofe of the fick, of the men on furlough, difcharged, or detached on command without arms, taken care of and depofited With the brigade conductor, as di*. tected in the regulations* Infiru&ions for the Captain. A CAPTAIN cannot be too careful of the compant the ftate has committed to his charge. He mull pay the greateft attention to the health of his inert, their difcipline, arms, accoutrements, ammunition, clothes and Ueceffaries. ; C\ His firft object fhould be, to gain the lovc-«f his men, by 'j HfFeafing them with every poffible khvinefs and humanity, enquiring into their complaints, and when well founded, feeing them redreffed. He fhould know every man of his 1 company by name and character. He fhould often Vifit \ thofe who are fick, fpeak tenderly to them, fee that the public provifion, whether of medicine or diet, Is duly ad- miniftered, and procure them befides fuch comforts and i conveniences as are in his power. The attachment that arifeS from this kind of attention to the fick and wounded, is alirtoft inconceivable ; it will moreover be the. means of ■ preferving the lives of many valuable men. He muft divide his company into four fquads, placing each under the particular care of a non-commiffioned offi- cer, who is to be anfwerable for the drefs and behaviour « of the men of his fqtiad^. He muft be Very particular m the daily and weekly in- fpectiOns of his men, caufing all deficiencies to be immedi- ately fupplied ; and when he difcovers any Irregularity m the drefs or conduct of any foldier, lie -muft not, only pun- ifh him, but the non-commiffioned officer to whofe fquad he belongs He muft keep a ftrict eye over the conduct of the non- \ commiffioned officers; oblige them to do their duty wUh ' the greateft exadlnefs; and ufe every poffible mean to keep up a proper fubordination between them and the foldiers » Fof Which reafon hemuft never tudely reprimand them in prefence ofthe roen,but at all times treat them with pi op- 1 errefpeft. " I He muft pay the utmoft attention to every thing which coatributea to the health of the men, & oblige them to keep thcmiclves and every thing belonging to them in the great- eft deanlinefs and order. He muft never? fuffer a man who has any infectious diforder to remain in the company, but fend, him immediately to the hofpital* or other place pro- vided for the reception of fuch p4tients,to prevent thsfpread* ing of the infection. And when any man is fick, or other- wife unfit for duty, or abfent, he muft fee that his arms and accoutrements are properly taken care of, agreeably to the regulations prefcribed. He muft keep a book, in which muft be entered the name and defcriptioo of every non-commiffioned officer and fol- dier of his company ; his trade or occupation ; the place of his birth and ufual retldence; where, when and for what term he infilled ; difcharges, furloughs, copies of all returns.and every cafuaity that happens in the company. He muft alfo keep an account of all arms, accoutrements, ammunition, clothing, neceuaries and camp equipage deli. vered his company, that on impeding it he may be able to difcover any deficiencies. When the company arrive at their quarters after a march, he muft not difmifs them till the guards-are order- ed out, and, if cantoned, the billets diftributed, which muft be as near together as poffible ; and he muft ftrictly prohibit his men from vexing the inhabitants,and caufe to be puntfhed any that offend in that refpect. He muft acquaint them with the hours of roll-eall and going for p^ovifions, with their alarm port, and the hour of march in the morning. If the company make any ftay in a place, he muft, pre- vious to their marching, Infpeet into their condition, exa- mine their knapfacks, and fee that they carry nothing but what is allowed, it being a material object to prevent the foldier loading himfelf with unneceffary baggage. Inftruftionsfor the Lieutenant. TH E lieutenant, in the abfence of the captain, com- mands the company," and fhould therefore make him- felf acquainted with the duties of that ftation ; he muft al- fo be perfectly, acquainted with the duties of the non-com- miffioned officers and foldiers, and fee them performed with the greateft cxacmefs. 74 He fhould endeavour to gain the love of his men, by his attention to every tiling which may contribute to their health and convenience. He fhouldoften vifit them at dif- ferent hours ; infpeet into their manner of living ; fee that their provifions are good and well cooked, and as far as poffible oblige them to take their meals at regulated hours. He fhould pay attention to their complaints, and when well founded, endeavour to get them redreffed; but difcourage them from complaining on every frivolous occafion. He muft not fuffer the foldiers to be ill treated by the non-commiffioned officers through malevolence, or from any pique or refentment; but muft at the fame time be careful that a proper degree of fubordination is kept up be- tween them. Although no officer fhould be ignorant of the fervice of the guards, y^t it particularly behoves the lieutenant to be perfectly acquainted with- that duty ; he being oftener than any other officer entrufted with the command of a guard—- a truft of the higeft importance, on the faithful execution of which thefafety of an army depends ;• and in which the officer has frequent opportunities to diftinguifh himfelf by his judgment, vigilance and bravery. InflruElions for the Enfign. TH E enfign is in a particular manner charged with the cleanlinefs of the men, to which he muft pay the greateft attention. When the company parades, and whilft the captain and lieutenant are examining the arms and accoutrements, the enfign muft infpeet the drefs of the fbldiers, obferving whether they are clean, and every thing about them in the beft order poffible, and duly noticing any who in thefe re- flects are deficient. He muft be very attentive to the conduct of the non- cemmiffioned officers,obferving that they dotheir duty with the greateft exactnefs ; that they fupport a proper authority and at the fame time do not ill treat the men through any pique or refentment. As there are only two colours to a regiment, the enfigns muft carry them by turns, beinv warned for that fervice by the adjutant. Wh&n on that duty, they fhould confider the importance of the truft repofed in them j and when' 75 in action,refolve not to part with the colours but with their lives. Asitisbythem the battalion dreffes when march- ing in line, they fhould be very careful to keep a regular ftep, and by frequent practice accuftom themfelves to march ftraight forward to any given object. Infiruclions for the Serjeant Major. THE ferjant major, being at the head of the non-com- miffioned officers, muft pay the greateft attention to their conduct and behaviour, never conniving at the leaft irregularity committed by them or the foldiers, from both of whom he muft exact the moft implicit obedience. He fhould be well acquainted with the interior management and difcipline of the regiment, and the manner of keeping rofters and forming details.. He muft always attend the parade, be very expert in counting off the battalion.and in every other bufinefs of the adjutant, to whom he is an affiftant. Infiruclions for the Quarter Mafter Serjeant. HE is an affiftant to the quarter-mafter of the regiment, and in his abfence Is to do his duty,unlefs an officer be fpecially appointed for that purpofe : He fhould there- fore acquaint himfelf with all the duties of the quarter-. mafter before mentioned. When the army marches he muft fee the tents properly packed and loaded, and go with the baggage,fee that the waggoners commit nq difor- ders, and that nothing is loft out of the waggons. InfirvBions for the Firfi Serjeant of a Company. THE foldier having acquired that degree of confident of his officers as to be appointed firft ferjeant of the . company, fhould confider the importance of his office ; r* that the difcipline of the company,the conduct of the men, their exactnefs in obeying orders and the regularity of their manners, will in a great meafure depend on his vi- gilance. He fhould be Intimately acquainted with the character of every foldier of the company, and fhould take great pains to imprefs upon their minds the indifpenfable necef- 76 fity of the flricteft obedience, as the foundation of order and regularity. He will keep the details of,, the company, and never warn a man out of his turn, unlefs particularly ordered fo to do. He muft take the dairy orders in a book kept by him for that pnrpofe, and fhew them to his officers. He muft every morning make a report to the captain of the (late of die company, in the form prefcribed ; and at the fame time acquaint him with any thing material that may have happened in the company fince the preceding Xeport. He muft parade all guards and^detachments furnifhed t>y his company, examine their arms, ammunition, accou- trements arid drefs, before lie carries them to the parade ; and if any man appears unfit, he muft fuppry his place with another, and have the defaulter punifned : For this purpofe he muft always warn a man or two more than or- dered, to ferve as a referve, who,- if not wanted, will re- turn to their companies. He will keep the company book (under the infpection of the-captain)in which he will enter the name and defcrip- tion of every non-commiffioned officer andfoldier; his trade and occupation; the place of his birth and ufual refidence; where, when and for what term he was enlifted; the boun- ty paid him.; the arms, ammunition, accoutrements, clothing and neceffaries delivered him, with their marks and numbers,, and the times when delivered ; alfo copies of all returns, furloughs, difcharges, and every cafualty that happens in the company. When each foldier fhall be provided with a faaall book the firft ferjeant is to enter therein the folder's name,a copy ■of his rnliftment,the bounty paid him, the arms, accoutre- ments, clothing and neceffaries delivered him, with their marks and numbers: For this purpofe he muft be prefent at all diftributions in his company; and as often as arms, -lothing; £5V. are delivered, be muft enter diem in the fol- dier^ as well as the company's book. The firft ferjeant is not to go on any duty, unlefs with the whole company; but is to be always in camp orquar- ;ers, to anfwer any call that may be made. He is never to lead a platoon of ieclion, but is always 77 to be a file clofer in the formation of the company, his du- ty being m the company like the adjutant's in the regiment. hflrvMionsfor the Serjeants and Corporals. IT being on the non-commiffioned officers that the difci- pline and order of a company in a great meafure de- pend, they cannot be too circumfpect in their behaviour towards the men, by treating them with mildnefs, and at the fame time obliging every one to do his duty. By a- voidmg too great familiarity with the men, they will not only gain their love and confidence, but be treated with a proper refpecl; whereas by a contrary conduct they for- feit all regard, and their authority becomes defpifed. Each ferjeant and corporal will be in a particular manner anfwerable for the fquad committed to his care. He muft pay particular attention to their condud in every refpecl; that they keep themfelves and their arms always clean ; that they have their effects- always ready, and put where they can get them immediately, even in the dark, without confufion; and on every fine day he muft oblige them to air their effects. When a man of his fquad is warned for duty, he muft examine him before he carries him to the parade, obliging him to take all his effects with him, unlefs when fpeoally ordered to the contrary. In teaching the recruits, they muft exercife all their patience, by no means abufing them, but treating them with mildnefs, and not expect too much precifion in the firft leffons, punching thofe only who are wilfully negli- gent. They muft fupprefs all quarrels and difputesin the compa- ny, and where other means fail, muft ufe their authority in confining the offender. They fhould teach the foldiers of their fquads how to drefs with a foldier-like air,how to clean their arms, accou- trements, 6cc. and how to mount and difmount their fire- locks; for which purpofe each non-commiffioned officer ihould always be provided with a tumfcrew, and fuffer no fqldier to take his arms to pieces without his permiffion. On a march the non-commiffioned officres muft preferve order and regularity, and fuffer no man to leave the ranks without permiffion of the officer commanding, the plat- oon. G a - ~8 A corporal muft teach the fentinels to challenge brifkly and every thing elfe they are to do in their different fixa- tions ; and when he relieves them,muft make them deliver the otders diftinctly. When a guard is relieved, the non-commiffioned officer? take the orders from thofe whom they relieve ; when fent to vifit the fentries, they fhould inftruct them in their duty. They fhould reconnoitre the roads they are to patrol in the night, that they may not lofe themfelves. They muft make their patrol with the greateft filence and attention, and where neceffary, fend a faithful foldier a-head to look out. If they meet a detachment -of the enemy ftronger than their own, they muft retreat in order to their own poft. in the night they muft (lop all ftrangers that ap- proach. They muft not fuffer their men to make the leaft noife with their arms or accoutrements, and every now and then flop and liften. On their return from patrolling, they muft report to the officer what they have feen or heard. When a non-commiffioned officer is a file-clofer in action, he muft take care to keep the ranks and files properly clo- fed, and when too much crowded,make them incline from the centre. When the files of his platoon are difordered by the lofs of menlie muft exert himfelf to drefs and com- plete them afrefh, with the utmoft expedition. He muft kee? the greateft filence in the ranks.fee that the men load well and quick, and take good aim. He will do all in his power to encourage the foldiers, and ufe the mod vigo- rous means to prevent any from leaving the ranks, unlefs wounded. InfiruHions for the private Soldier. THE recruit having received his neceffaries, fhould in the firft place learn to drefs himfelf with a foldier like air; to place his effects properly In his knapfack, fo as to carry them with eafe and convenience ; how to falute his officers when he meets them ; to clean his arms, wafh his linen and cook his provifions. He fhould early ac- cuftom himfelf to drefs in the night; and for that purpofe always have his effects in his knapfack, and that placed Vhere he can put his hand on it in a moment, that in cafe of alarm he may repair with the greateft alertnefs to the parade. ?$ . Whenlearning to march,he.muft take the greateft pains to acquire a firm ftep and a proper balance, practifing himfelf at all his leifure hours. . He. ,muft. aecuftom him- felf to the greateft fteadinefs under'arms, tp pay attention to the commands of his officers, and exercife himfelf con- tinually with his firelock, in order \ to acquire vivacity in ' his. motions. He muft acquaint himfelf with the ufual beats and fignnls of the drum, and inftantly obey them. When in the ranks, he muft always learn the names of liis right and left hand men and file leader, that he may be able to find his place readily in cafe of feparation. He muft cover his file leader and drefs well in his rank, which he may be affured of doing when he can juft perceive tho breaft of the third man from him. Having joined his com- pany he muft no longer confider himfelf as a recruit, but as a foldier ; and whenever he is ordered under arms, muft appear well dreffed,with his arms andaccoutremfents clean and in good order, and his knapfack,, blanket, l5c ready to throw on his back in cafe he fhould be or- dered to take them. When warned for guard, he muft appear as neat as poffible, carry all his effects with him, and even when on fentry muft have them at his back. He muft receive the orders from the fentry he relieves ; and when placed be- fore the guard-houfe, he muft inform the corporal of all that approach, and fuffer no one to enter until ex- amined; if he is pofted at a diftance from the guard, he will march there in order, have the orders well explained to him by the corporal, learn which is the neareft poft between him and the guard, in cafe he- ihould be obliged to retire, or have any thing to commu- nicate, and what he is to do in cafe of alarm ; or if in a town, in cafe of fire & any difturbance. He will never go more than twenty paces from his poft ; and if in a retired. place, or in the night, fuffer no one to approach within ten paces of him. Afentinel muft never reft upon his arms.but keep walking on his poft He muft never fuffer himfelf to be relieved but by his corporal; challenge brifkly in the night.and ftop thofe who have not the countermand if any will not an- fwer to. the third challenge, or having been flopped Ihould attempt to efcape, he may fire on thim,. 8o When on a patrol, hamuli obferve the ftricteft filence, »or make the leaft noife with his arms or accoutrements. In action he will pay the greateft attention to the com- mands of his officers, level well, and not throw away his fire ; take particular care to keep his rank and file, incline to that fide he dreffes to, and encourage his comrades to do their duty. When ordered to march,, he muft not charge himfelf with any unneceffary, baggage; he will march at his eafe, widwat however leaving his rank or file; he fhould drink as feldom as poffible, and never ftop but when neceffity obli- ges him ; in which cafe he muftafk leave of the command- ing officer of the platoon. When arrived at camp or quarters, he muft clean his arms, prepare his bed, 8£ go for neceffaries, taking nothing without leave, nor committing any kind of excefs. Hemuft always have a ftopper for the muzzle of his gun in cafe of rain, and when on a march ; at which times he will unfix his bayonet. 8i CONTENTS. CHAP. I. PACE. Of the Arms and Accoutrements of the Officers, Non* commiffioned Officers and Soldiers, 5 CHAP. II. Objects with which the Officers and' Non-commiffion- ed Officers fhould be acquainted, ih. CHAP. III. Of the Formation-of a Company, 4 CHAP, IV. OF the formation of a Regiment, &• C H A P. V. Of the InftrucVion of Recruits, 5 CHAP. VI. The Exercife of a Company, 17 AnT. x. Of opening the Ranks for in%ei!rt«v, ih. 2. Of the firings, ' 8 5. Of the March j ib. 4. Of Wheelings, 19 5. Of breaking off ftformrng by the oblique ftep, ih. C M A P. VII Exercife of a battalion, 20 C H A P. Vilf. Of the -points of view,. 21 C H A P. IX. Of the Formation and Difplaying of Columns* "with the method of changing Front, *** Art. j. The clofe Column formed on the Ground by the Right, the Right, in Front, ih. 2. The Difplay of a Column formed by die Right, the Right in Front, Jh. 3. The clofe Column formed-en the Ground by the Left, the Left in Front, 2 3 4. Difplay of aColumn formed by the Left,the Left in Front, ib* 5. The clofe Column formed on the Centre, or fifth Platoon, the Right in Front, ib.. 6. Difplay of a Column having the Right in Front, from the Centre or fifth Platoon, 24 7. The clofe Column formed by the Right, the Rinht ia Front, difplayed to the Right, 25.. 82 8. The clofe Column formed by the Left, the Left in Front, difplayed to the Left, 2 c 9. Of opening Columns, ib. I o. Of changing the Front of a Line, 2 7 C H A P. X. Of the March of Columns, ih. Art. 1. The march of an open Column, tf* 2. Columns changing the Direction of their March, < #, 3. Paffage of a Defile by a Column* 28 4. A Column croffing a Plain liable to be at- tacked by Cavalry, ib, 5. A Column marching by its Flank, 29 C II A P. XI. , . Of the March in Line, ' ' ;£ Art. 1. The March to the Front, ib. 2. Of the Charge with Bayonets, 31 3. Method of paffmg any Obftacle in Front l of a Line, ' #, 4. Paffage of a Defile in Front, by Platoons, ib. 5. Paffage of a Defile In Front, by Files, 32- 6. Of the March in Retreat, ib. 7. Paffage of a Defile in Retreat, by Pla- ib. toons, . > - ■ #t 8. Paffage of a Defile In.ReSreat, by Files. 33 . 9. Method ofpaffing the fornt Line to the ) Rear, 24. CHAP. XII. Qf the Difpofition of die Field pieces attached to the Brigades, #, , CHAP. XIII. Of the Firings, .t 3$ Art. 1. Firing by battalion, #. 2. Firing by Divifions and Platoons, ib. 3. Firing advancing, • a<5 4. Firing retreating, # C HA P. XIV. Of the March of an Army or Corps, ' # CHAP. XV- Of the Baggage on a March, 4.0 CHAP. XVI The manner of laying out a Camp, with the Order of Encampment, -is__^-^- &.i *3 C HA P. XVII Manner of entering a Camp, ' 43 CHAP. XVIII. Neceffary Regulations for preferving Order and Clean- linefs in the Camp, 44 CHAP. XIX. Of Roll-Calls, 47 CHAP. XX. Of the Infpection of the Men, their Drefs, Neceffaries, Arms, Accoutrements and Ammunition, ih. CHAP. XXI. Of the different Beats of the Drum, 4S C HA P. XXII.. Of the Service of the Guards, * 49 Art. i. Of the different Guards, with their Ufe, ib. 2. Of the Grand Parade, ei 3. Of relieving Guards and Sentinels, 54 4. Inftructioris to Officers on Guard, 56 5. Method of going and receiving the Grand Rounds, 59 6. Honors due fromGeneralOfficers &others, 61 C H A P. XXIII. Of the Arms and Ammunition, with the Methods of prefervlng them. 62 CHAP. XXIV Of the Treatment of the Sick, 64 CHAP. XXV. Of Reviews, 65 Art. 1., Of Reviews of Parade, 2. Of Reviews of Infpection, 66 Inftructions for the Commandant of a'Regiment, 67 for the Major, 69 for the Acfjutant, 70 for the Quarter Mafter, 71 for the Captain, 72 for the Lieutenant, 73 for the Enfign, 74 for the Serjant Major, 75 for the Quarter-Mafter Serjeant, ib. for the firft Serjeant of a Company, ib. for the Serjeants and Corporals, 77 for the nrivate Soldier. 78 Explanation of the Plates. Flats I. Figure t. 2. 3. fhew the formation of a com- parry and regiment. Chap. Ill and IV, Fi- gure 4. and 5, Wheeling by platoons or di- vifions. Chap. VII. Plate II. Figure 1. Forming the fine by the points of view. Chap. VIII. Plate XI. Figure 2, 3, 4, and 5, and Plate III. fhew the different ways of forming and difplaying columns, as defcribed in Chap. IX. from Art. 1. to Art. *9. Plate IV. Figure 1. A clofe cdhirnn changing the Sy rections of its march Chap. X. Art. 2. Figure 2. Paffage of a defile by a column- Chap. X. Art. j Plate V.. Figure t- Paffage of a defile in front, by plat- oons. Chap. XI. Art. 4. Figure 2. Paffage of a. defile in front,uy files. Chap. XI. Art. c. Figure 3. Paffage of a defile in retreat, by platoons. Chap. XL Art 7. Plate. VI. Figure t, 2. Method of pafSng the front line to the rear. Chap. XL Art. 9. Figure 3, The pofitions of the camp and quarter guards. Chap. XVI. and, Chap. XXII. Art. 1. Plate VII. The order of encampment of a regiment, confiding of two battalions. Chap. XVI. Pi ate VIII. The order of encampment of a regiment making but one battalion. Chap. XVI- I M* An Act To provide for the National Defence, by eftablifhing an UNIFORM MILITIA Throughout the United States. PaJfedmCongrefsyMay 1792+ iici.ii-.. i -jr-;"- '^H -'\: 87 An ACT mere effectually to provide for the National Defn.e. by -ejlallifhing an Uniform Militia throughout th-J UniL-d Stater. Sec. i. T-T ^ C H and every free able bodied white ■1 J male citizen of the refpective ftates, refi- dent therein,who is or fhall be of the age of eighteen years and under the age of forty five years (except as Is herein af- ter excepted) fhall feverally and reflectively be enrolled in the militia, by the Captain or commanding officer cf the company .within whofe bounds fuch citizen fhall refide, and that within twelve months after the palling of this Act. And it fhall at all times hereafter be the duty of every fuch captain or commanding officer of a company.to enroll every fuch citizen as aforefaid, and alfo thofe who ihal1, from time to time, arrive at the age of 18 years, or bein<* at the age of 18-years, and under the age of 4^ years (ex- cept as'before excepted) fhall ccme to refide within -his bounds ; and fhall without delay notify fuch citizen of the fail enrolment, by a proper non-commiffioned officer of the company, by whom fuch notice may be proved. That every citizen, fb enrolled and notified,fhall, within fix months thereafter,-provide himfelf with a good' mufket or firelock, a fufficient bayonet and belt,two fpare flints, and a knapfack, a pouch with a box therein to contain not lefs than twenty four cartridges, fuited to the bore of his muf- ket or firelock, each cartridge to ccntain a proper quantity of powder and ball; or with a good rifle, knapfack, _fhct pouch, and powder horn, twenty balls fuited to the bore of his rifle, and a quarter of a pound of powder ; and fhall ap- pear fo armed, accoutred and provided, when called out to exercife or into fervice, except, that when called out on company days to exercife only, he may appear without a knapfack. That the commiffioned officers fhall feverally be armed with a fword or hanger,and efpontcon ; and that from and after five years from the paffing of this act,, all mufkets for arming the militia as is herein required., fhall be of bores fufficient for balls of the eighteenth part, of 2 pound ; ancf every citizen fo enrollec7, and providing him- felf with the arms, ammunition and accoutrements, rc^ui- 88 red as aforefaid,fhall hold the fame exempted from all fults, j diftreffes, executions or fales, for debt or for the payment oftaxes. • Sec. 2. And he it further efiaeled, That the vice Prefident j of the United States ; the officers, judicial and executive, of the government of the United States; the members of both houfes ofCongrefs, and their refpective officers ; all cuftom houfe officers, with their clerks ; all poft officers, and ftagedrivers who are employed in the care and convey- ance of the mail of the poft office of the United States \ all ferrymen employed at any ferry on the poft road ; all , infpectors of exports ; all pilots 5 all mariners actually em- ployed in the fea fervice of any citizen or merchant with- in the United States; and all perfbos who now are or maf * be hereafter exempted by the laws of the refpective ftates, fhall be and are hereby exempted from jhilitia duty, not- Withftanding their being above the age of eighteen and * under the age offorty five years. -'. Sec. 3. And be it further enafted,T\\$x within one year af- ter the palling of this act, the militia of the refpective ftates <; fhall be arranged into divifions, brigades, regiments, bat- talions, and companies,asthelegiflatOrof each ftate fhall direct; and each divifion, brigade, and regiment, fhall .' "* be numbered at the formation thereof: and a record mude of fuch numbers in the adjutant general'* vnce in the ftate: and when in the field, or in fervice in the ftate, each divifidh, brigade, and regiment fhall, reflectively, take rank according to their numbers,-Reckoning the firft or lowed number hig'heft in rank. That if the fame be convenient, each brigade (hall eoftftft of four regiments ; each regiment of two battalions ; each battalion of five companies; each company of fixry four privates. That J the faid militia fhall be officered by fh*i refpective ftates, as 1 follows : To each divifion one major general witli two aids decamp, with the rank of major ; to each brigade, one jj brigadier general with one brigade Infpeclor, to ferve-alfo as a brigade major, with the tank of a major ; to each regiment,one lieutenant colonel commandant; and to each battalion, one major ; to each company, one captain, one j lieutenant, one enfign, four ferjeants, four corporals, ore • drummer, and one fifer or bugler. That there fhall be -a regimental ftaff, to confift of one adjutant, and one. 8S quartermafter, to rank as lieutenants; one. paymafter ; one furgeon, and one furgedn's mate ; one ferjeant major one drum nnjor, and one fife major. Sec. 4. And be it further enacted, That out of the militia enrolled as is herein directed, there fhall be formed for each battaliortjat leaft one company of grenadiers, light in- fantry or riflemen ; and that to each divifioU there fhall be at leaft, one company of artillery, and one troop Of horfe: There fhall be to-each company of artillery, one captain, two lieutenants, four ferjeants, four coporals, fix gunners, fix bombardiers, one drummer, and onefifer. Tfieofficers to be armed with a fword or hanger, a fuzee, bayonet and belt, with a cartridge box to contain twelve cartridges, 8c each private or nutrofsfh illfurnifh himfelf with all the e- quipments of a private in the infantry,till proper ordinarice andSeldartillerylsprovided. There (hallbeto eachtroop of ihorfe, one captain, two lieutenants, one cornet, four fer- .jeants.four coporals, one fadler,oUe farrier, and one trum- peter* The commiffioned officers, to furnifh themfelves With good horfes, of at leaft fourteen hands and an half high, and to be armed with a fword, and pair of piftols, the holders of Which to be covered with bearfjkin. caps. Each dragoon to furnifh.himfelf with a ferviceable horfe,at leaft fourteen hands and an half high,a good faddle,bridle, mailpilhon and valife,hoftlers, arjd a breaft-plate and crup« per, a pair of boots and fpurs, a pah* of piftols, a fabre, and eartouch-box, to contain twelve cartridges for piftols. That each company of artillery and troop of horfe fhall be for- medof volunteers from the brigade,at the difcretion df the commander In chief of die ftare,not exceeding on* company of each to a regiment, nor more in number than one elev- enth part of the Infantry, and fhall be uniformly cloathed in regimentals, tb be furrtifhed at their own expence ; the colour and fafhion to be determined by the brigadier com- manding the brigade to which they belong. Sec. 5.. Andbe it further ehacled, That each battalion and regiment fhall be provided with the ftate and regimental colours by the field officers, and each company with a drum and fife or bu^le horn5 by the commiffioned officers of the company, in fuch manner as the legiflature of the ;*efpective ftatf s fhall direct. so Sec. 6. ^*ifo ;'„« further enAcled, That there fhall-be an adjutant general appointed in each ftate, whofe duty It fhall be to distribute all orders from the commander in •chief of the ftate to the feveral corps; to attend all . publick reviews, when -the commander in chief of the ftate fhall review the militia, or any part thereof; to obey all orders from, him relative to carrying into ex- ecution, and perfecting, the fy ftem of military difcipline eftablifhed by this act ; to furnifh blank forms of different returns that may be required ; and to explain the prin- ciples on which they fhould be made; to recieve from the feveral officers of the different corps throughout the ftate, returns of ihe militia under their command, re- , porting the adtual fituation of-their arms, accoutrements, and ammunition, their delinquencies, and every other thing which relates to the general advancement of good Order anJ difcipline ; All which, the feveral officers of -the divifons, brigades, regiments, and battalions are "hereby.required to make In the ufual manner, fo that the ■ faid adjutant general may be duly furnifhed therewith : ' 'From all which returns.he fhall make proper abftracts, and lay the fame annually before the commander in chief of the ftate. ..-•:•.:. Sec 7. Andbe it further enafad,Tha.t the rules of difcipline approved and eftablifhed by Congrefs in their refolutlen, oi Cit twenty -ninth of March, one thoufand feven hundred and feventy nine.fhall be the rules of difcipline to be obfer- ved by ihi -militia throughout the United States, -except fuch deviations ii-ni the faid rulesas may be rendered necef- fary by the r;qujiI?ions.'cf this act, or by fome other una- voidable circumilancc.-. it-fhall be the duty of the com- manding officer at every mufter, whether by ■ battalion, regiment or fipgle company, to caufe the militia to be ex- ercifed and trained agricoly to the faid rules of difci- pline. Sec. 8. Arid'hi'.it furif.tr enacted, That all commiffioned offie. rs fhall take rank according to the date of their conrniffions ; and when two of the fame grade bear an equal date, then their rank to be determined by lots, to te drawn by them before the commanding officer of the brigade, regiment, battalion, company or detach- •ment. 9* Sec. 9. And he it further enacled, That if any perfon, whe- ther officer or foldier, belonging to the militia of any ftate, and called out into the fervice of the United States, be wounded or difabled while in actual fervice, he fhall be taken care of and provided for at the publick expenfe. Sec. 10 And be it further enacled, Tnat it fhall be the duty of the brigade infpector, to attend the regimental and battalion meetings of the militia compofing their feveral brigades, during the time of their being under arms, to Infpeet their arms, ammunition and accoutre- ments ; fuperintend their exercife and manoeuvres, and introduce the fyftem of military difcipline before defcri- bed throughout the brigade, agreeable to law, and fuch orders as they fhall, from time to time receive from the commander in chief of the ftate ; to make returns to the adjutant general of the ftate, at leaft once in every year of the militia of the brigade to which he belongs, reporting therein the actual fituation of the arms, accou- trements and ammunition of the feveral corps and every other thing which,in his judgment may relate to their go- vernment and the general advancement of good order and military difcipline ; and the adjatant-general fhall make a return of all the militia of the ftate, to the command- er'in chief of the faid ftate, and a duplicate of the fame to the Prefident of theUnited States. And whereas fundry corps of" artillery, cavalry and infantry, now exift in feveral of the faid ftates, which by the laws, cuftoms, or ufages thereof, have not been in- corporated with, or fubject to the general regulations of the militia ; Sec. 11. Be it enacled, That fuch corps retain their ac- cuftomed privileges, fubject, nevertheless, to all other du- ties required by this act, in like manner with the other militia. » Approved, May Stb, 1792. GEORGE WASHINGTON, Prefiderft oftkf United States.