IS NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE Washington Founded 1836 U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare Public Health Service ■Z37 THE TOWN AND COUNTRY FRIEND AND PHYSICIAN :!H '%, Or an Affectionate Address on the PRESERVATION OF HEALTH,, AND THE Removal of Disease on its first Appearance: Suppofed to be delivered by a Country Phyficlan to t'/ic Circle of his Friends and Patients on his retiring from Bufinefs: WITH CURSORY OBSERVATIONS ON THE TREATMENT OF CHILDREN, &J.:.., Intended for the Promotion of Domeftie Hippinefs, „ IN TWO PARtS^'-^'5*^"*7^T .......................................Be timely wife: "With HEALTH all Tafte of Pleasure flies. Gay. •x\ .Jd&tlaaelpljta:* »T. INTF.I) AND SOLO RY'jAMF. 9 HUMPHREYS, At the Corner of Walnut and Doch-Jirects. 1363. . ,■ DiftnEl of Pennfyl-van'^—to tvit. BE IT REMEMBERED that on the-ninth day ef March, in the twenty-(eventh year of the Indepen- dence of the United States of America, James Hum- phreys, of the faid diftrift, hath depofited in this office, the Title of a Book, the right whereof he claims as Pro- prietor in the words following, to wit. " The Town and Country Friend and Phy- fician; or an Affectionate Addrefs on the Prefer- vation of Health, and the Removal of Difeafe on its firft Appearance : Suppofed to be delivered by a Country Phyfician to the Circle of bis. Friends and Patients on his retiring from Bufinefs: With curfory Obferyations on the Treatment of Chil- dren, &c Intended for the Promotion of Do- meftie Happinels. In Two Parts. ' .. . - ---Be timely wife: With Health all Tafte of Pleafure fles. Gay." In conformity to the aft of the Congrefs of the Uni-, ted States, intitled " An aft for the encouragement of learning, by fecuring the copies of maps, charts, and books, to the authors and proprietors of fuch copies during the times therein mentioned." And alfo to an aft, intitlec. " An aft fupplementary to an aft, intitled " An aft for the encouragement of learning by farming the copies of maps, charts, and books, to the authors and proprietors ot fuch copies during the times therein mentioned1," and extending the benefits thereof to the arts of defigning, engraving, and etching hiftorical and Other prints." D. CALDWELL, Clerk of the DiftriB of Pennfylvavia. HDfterti0ement. TO those who peruse the following Pages it is scarcely necessary for the Edi- tor to say what were his motives in hand- ing them in this plain* and compact form to the Public.—The promotion of domes- tic comfort and happiness, he flatters him- self, will be found so evidently written in every line of them, as will be sufficient to evince his object,—a general circulation and perusal of the:n; which would not so likely be the case if they were swelled out * A few copies for such as are desirous of them are done on a fine paper, and may be had bound. as they might be, and the price proporti- onably advanced. The First Part, independent of a few observations, and some alterations arising from locality of expression, is nearly a copy of a late celebrated Publication, in- titled "The Villager's Friend and Physi- cian;" and is from the pen of that worthy Philanthropist, Mr. James Parkinson, of London. The Second Part will be found, chiefly, to consist of a selection of short extracts from some other late celebrated publica- tions, on the means of preserving health and prolonging life; also of some obser- vations and remarks calculated to enforce the precepts and advice contained in the first Part; and to which, it is presumed, it will prove an acceptable and useful ad- dition. It will be acknowledged by all who peruse the Work, that a general circu- lation of it must be accompanied with beneficial effects; such as must tend to the promotion of not only domestic but of ge- neral happiness. Perhaps no little book extant is better calculated for it; or to an- swer the purposes of those who are desi- rous of sowing the germ of Health, Com- fort, and Prosperity, among the miserable, by the distribution of cheap and useful books. Perhaps also, there is not a means in the hands of the Affluent, by which solid Comfort can be more permanently, or more easily administered to the infirm and wretched, than in the proper disposal of such books among them; nor is, in-ge- neral, the gratitude of such for comfort administered, more expressive and perma- nent, than that which arises out of this source. Philad. County, April, 1803. TABLE OF CONTENTS. PART I- Page. MEDICAL men, their anxious cares 2 ■ 1 inatten- tion to their com.'ort 3 Exercife and Labour 4 Drunkennefs 8 Food and $piceri*s 12 Recreations 14 Bathing 16 Education of Children 17 Reading 19 Changes of Temperature 20 —— mifchiefs from, and cure 22 Clothing ib. Fever 25 Ague ib Inflamma. of the Brain 26 1 hye 27 ■ Ear, or Ear Ach ib. —-------------Tooth or Tooth Ach 28 Quinfy, or Sore Throat 29 Common Cold ib. Croup 30 Inflammation of the Lungs, Pleurify and Confumption 31 ■Heart 32 Stomach ib. Liver 33 Page. Inflam. of Gall-dufts 33 Dropfy 35 Jaundice ib. Inflam. of the Bowels 36 1 ' ■ ■, ' Kidneys and Bladder ib. Spitting of Blood 37 Bleeding from the Nofe ib. Piles 38 Fiftula H>. Rheumatic Qout 39 Small Pox ib. Inoculation & Cow Pox 40 Chicken Pox 42 Meafles ib. Scarlet Fever ib. Putrid Sore Throat 'ib. St. Anthony's Fke 43 Purging 44 Vomitings 45 Flux 46 Colic ib. Ruptures _ 47 Apoplexy and Palfy 49 Falling Sicknefs 50 Children Teething 51 Worms 52 Watery Head ib. Fainting 55 Noxious Vapours 56 Drowning and Hanging ib. Intoxication &7 CONTENTS. P«ifon -Laudanum -Arfenic -Sublimate -Aqua Fortis -Soap Lees -Hartlhorn Wounds . Page. Profufe B'eeding 61 Burns and Scalds 62 Fraftured Bones 63 Whitlow 64 Bite of a mad Animal , ib. Cancer '65 Quacks 66 Duty to Children 70 CONTENTS OF PART II. Introduftion 72 Genteel Epidemic . 74 Dangerous tendency of . _ Quack Medicines 75 Anecdote of an Empiric 77 Danger attending the precipitate application of the fame medicine in different diforders 78 Care and proper ma- nagement of the Skin 79 Strong Drinks, evil effefts of 82 Cleanlinefs, its import- ance 83 Domeftic Baths 86 Bathing, its ufes ib. Perpetual Youth 87 Bathing, beft preferva- tive of Beauty ib. Great and Minor Cof- metics 88 Evil effefts of 89 Beft Subftitutes for do. 90 Bodily education of In- fants 92 Service of firequeot ha* thing Infants 94 Cold and tepid Bath their -effefts ib. Beft manner of prepa- ring Baths 95 Directions and'Cautions how to ufe the Bath ib. Air Bath 97 Pifture of a Child whofe phyfical or bodily e- ducation has teen pror perly attended to 98 Cleanlinefs, a Cardinal Virtue ' 100 Rickets cured by clean- linefs ioi Long Life, juft value of and means of ob- taining it 101 Account of L. Cornaro 102 Moderation, its confe- quences 107 Folly of too much care and ' anxiety after health 108 Conclufion ib. THE TOWN AND COUNTRY FRIEND AND PHYSICIAN. MY FRIENDS, I HAVE devoted nearly thirty years of fe- vere labour of body and mind, to the pro- motion of your comfort and welfare; and, ha- ying been more eager to render myfelf capa- ble, by ftudy and obfervation, of performing the duties of my profeffion, than to wring from you your hard-earned penny, I find my- felf, at the end of my labours, a poorer man than when 1 commenced them. Without a hope therefore of making any provilion for my latter days, it only remains for me to ftore up the powers of fuftaining the evils of ill-pro- vided age, by defifting from a perfeverance A 2 in thofe profeffional exertions, which exhauft the energies of the mind, and rob it of its fortitude. I have therefore refolved, for the remainder of my life, to devote myfelf to feme ruftic employment, convinced that I mail then fufFer much lefs diftrefsful fatigue ; for although the labours to which I mult fubmit may equal, or even fometimes exceed, tlvofe to which I have hitherto been accuftomed, yet being un- accompanied by thofe mental exertions, and particularly by thofe anxieties, to which I have b?en fo frequently a prey, my remaining days will pafs away, comparatively, as days of indulgence. The hufbandman, when his talks are performed, may fufFer from weari- nefs of. the body, but his employment has no tendency to difturb his mind. It is not fo with the medical man, with however much ability and confcientioufnels he may execute the duties of his profeffion. Aware that the lives of his fellow-creatures depend on the judgment he may form, and on the meafures he may adopt, his mind is conftantly harraffed with anxioufly attending to the event of fome diftrefsfuliy ihterefting cafe ; whilft after eve- ry facrifice, his profeffional character is liable, beyond that of every other profeffional man, to the mifreprefentations of thofe, to whom the inability of comprehending the propriety or impropriety of the meafures adopted, is a fuffkient warrant for the meft cruel and 3 fcandalous imputations of ignorance or neg* left. Nor is this all; recollect with how little confideration for his comfort, is the time, as well as the labour, of a Phyfician fometimes trifled with. Have you to confult your law- yer, or to employ any other man almoft in the neighbourhood, you will require his attendance at that time which may beft fuit his conveni- ence, but fhould a trifling rafh on the fkin, which has hardly excited your attention for a week or two, at laft induce you to call for the attendance of your Phyfician, the applicati- cation will generally be deferred to the clofe of the day : nor will the rougheft and moft tempeftuous weather excufe his attendance, which will, in general, be thought neceffary to be infilled on direSlly, to give energy and effecl: to your meflage ; not confidering that he who calls wolf unnecefTarily, may call in . vain, when in real danger.—Excufe thefe re- marks, which may not, at firft fight, appear calculated fo much for your benefit, as for that of my fucceflbr ; but you fhould confider that, in proportion as you manifeft a regard for his comfort, you will, ofcourfe, render him zea- lous and interefted for your welfare. In ge- neral, in proportion as you attend to his con- venience, will he be enabled to apply himfelf to procure you benefit. Thus, when your 4- meflage is not fent before he fets off for his ufual rounds, you not only give him the trou- ble of pacing over a mile or two of ground, which he has already trodden ; but your fum- mons taking' him out of his regular courfe, perhaps in the midft of the hurry of bufinefs, it is far from improbable, that your concerns, from the crowd of various circumftances then engaging his thoughts, cannot obtain that attention, which he may be anxious to give them. You obferve, that I offer to y6u plain, un- adorned truth, but if my addrefs prove ufeful, I fhall be fully fatisfied with the portion of eloquence it may contain. To many of you I am indebted for your confidence, and to all of you, for your kind wifhes. Accept, in re- turn, with my farewell, the following fug- geftions, intended to promote your happinefs, as well as to enable you to preferve or reftore your health. As mod of you are men who benefit fociety by your labours; gaining your livelihood by the fweat of your brows, you will not be fur- prifed that I commence my inltruftions, with a few remarks on exercise and labour. Toil and be ftrong. By toil the flaccid nerves Grow firm, and gain a more compacted tone. Armjlrong*. 5 Truly does this author fay, ....................By health, the peafant's toil Is well repaid. Exercife indeed gives ftrength to every fibre, and energy and fpring to all the vital powers. In a word, man is rendered Robuft with labour, and by cuftom fteePi To every cafualty of life; For ftrength is increafed by being ufed, and loft by being too much hoarded. But I need » not dwell on the advantages derivable from exercife, to you, who have experienced them whilft engaged in the labours, by which your families are fupported. No! to you whofe habits are thofe of induflry, fome few cautions againft the excefijve and irregular indulgence of thofe habits, will be more beneficial. Be allured then, that all violent and long conti- nued exertions, even in your wonted labours, may not only prove of ferious injury to your health, but will alfo leflen, rather than increafe, the -weekly provifion for your family. Re- member that the vital powers, the powers by which life is continued, can only be urged to a certain point, without injury. If nature be jtobbed of due repofe now, Ihe muft repair the 6 lofs another time, or fink, overcome, exhauft- ed of the fine and fubtile fpirits: " Purfued too clofely, e'en the gentleft toil Is' waftc of health." Artnftrong. He who thus inconfiftently, from motives of ceconomy, extravagantly expends his health, may be faid, to labour hard to catch difeafe. For He gets little for his pains, Who fad difeafe by labour gains. The All-wife Difpofer of all things has de- creed the due exercife of our powers to be an inexhauftible fource of pleafure ; fo that man returns to his daily toil, with cheerful alacri- ty. But exceffive exertions take away all zeft for work, and no wonder, for if even too much pleafure will cloy, how much more muft too much hard work. No! No! Take moderate meals of hard work, and then to it again with a relifh for it. Think not, however, I mean to lull you into indolence; far from it.— Behold the wretch who flugs his life away, Soon fwallow'd in difeafe's fad abyfs; While he whom toil has brac'd, or manly play, Has light as air each limb, each thought as cle« as day. Ibomfon, 7 Moderate and regular labour coils up the main fpring of life, but wild and irregular fallies may break it. He that is fteady is ever rea- dy. Regular exercife will demand regular reft. ......................Wearinefs Can fnore upon the flint, when refty floth Finds^the down pillow hard. Watch the fteady pace of the fun, let his ri- fing lead you to labour, and his fetting to reft, or^to rational amufement, for He who refts and labours by the fun, • His courfe of toil does fairly run. Befides, I have one truth to difclofe to you, which perhaps you have not difcovered. Vir- tues may have baftards ; and therefore induf- try may become the mother of drunkennefs. For nature, urged too far, pants and feeks for reft; but her thoughtlefs. driver fpurs her on. The pernicious, the poifonous'dram, is fwal- lowed glafs after glafs, whenever the fpirits flag ; and thus, he who gets a hard hand, too often gets a parched mouth. This as gene- rally leads to the ale-houfe, as that does to the houfe of mifery and difeaie.—Confider a little, my friends, how little you gain by earn- ing fix (hillings inftead of four, when the pub- lican gels one half of your earnings, and phyfic runs away with the reft. 8 But let us not pafs the ale-houfe, without a word or two refpedling the good cheer it affords. Moft of us are pretty well acquaint- ed with the delightful refrefhment a glafs of ale or fpirits yields, when a man is fatigued. Well would it be if we all knew, as well, the mifchiefs arifing, from taking a little too frequently, what is called a little drop, fo that we might be fufficiently on our guard a- gainft that infidious enemy, the love of drink. This is an enemy againft whom you fhould always be on your guard, for he ufes every trick of war: fometimes he comes on by flow and unheeded approaches; fometimes his at- tacks are open and violent; and oftentimes will he fight under falfe colours, and whilft he is received as a friend, cruelly deprive thofe he has deluded of every comfort, and at laft of life itfelf. He, who, being en- gaged in works of labour, flies to liquor for a ipur, whenever nature droops from too great exertion, makes terrible havoc with himfelf. Nature, before worn down, is now forced and ftrained by thefe unnatural efforts; and if thefe be often repeated, the ftiattered nerves will (how the vaft damage they have fuffered. Tremblings, finking of the fpirits, fleeplefs rights, and days of dreadful liftlefsnefs will be the forerunners of fome deadly malady. CJ You will perhaps be at firft furprifed at the aflertion, but you will, on reflection, I am fore, agree in its being well founded, that the cautious, but frequent fipper, is more expofed to be overtaken by difeafe, in confequence of indulgence in his favourite habit, than him who revels openly and unguardedly. The for- mer generally allows the elevation he has ex. perienced from his fuft ftp to fubfide before he takes his fecond, and that of the fecond be- fore he takes his third: thus, gradually in- filling the poifon into the fyftem, he has not the Warning of intoxication to apprife him that, although he exultingly applauds himfelf for his extraordinary felf-denial, the quantity he has fipped exceeds that, which taken by his neighbour with lefs management, has levelled him to the ground, and rendered him the ob- jiett of our cautious Upper's harih reproof. The more bold and fhameiefs drunkard finds a monitor, though generally too little regard- ed, in every drunken bout; the beaftiy fixa- tions in which he is placed by them, and the fufferings which fucceed, are not entirely un- noticed : He fieeps, and waking finds himfelf undonej For prodigal of life, in one rafh night, v Ke lavifhed more than might fupport three days, Artnffrong. A 2 10 Loud but weak refolves are uttered—fuch filthy exceffes are never more to be commit- ted. Ah, fly deceiver ! branded o'er and o'er, , Yet ftill believed ! exulting o'er the wreck Offober vows! Drunkennefs, my friends, that vice, or rather let roe fay, that crime which engenders all o- ther crimes, is a baneful curie, wherever it falls. It degrades man below the meaneft reptile, renders his fober hours irkfome1 be- yond bearing, brings on the moft dreadful difeafes, and at laft places him on a death- bed, the pillow of which it has filled with thorns. Dreadful is this picture, and many of you muft fee] it's truth. But how, you afk, fhall we profit by it ? How (hall we rid ourfelves of fuch a dangerous foe? Not by trifling with him—not by gentle refiftance— not by endeavouring gradually to difengage yourfelf from his horrid gripe. No, an ene- my, fo formidable, muft be firmly and ftrong- ly oppofed—not an inch muft be yielded to him. Confider if you break not his neck he will break your's, and perhaps the hearts of thofe who are deareft to you. Call to your aid felf-love, as well as regard and compaffion for your family, who innocently fuffer for your indifcretions. yCrave the fupport of rea- fon and religion.— 11 Let god-like reafon from her fov'reign throne, Speak the commanding word—I will—and it is done. Tbomjon. Do not be lulled into a falfe fecurity, founded on one or two incorrigible drunkards enjoying feeming health, for they own not what they fuffer; but judge from a larger fcale. Look back to the latter days of all the votaries of Bacchus that come within your recollection, and then you will difcover, that in general, the wine-bibber is doomed to the torments of the gout, or of the ftone or gravel; the dram- drinker becomes bloated with dropfy, and the fwiller of beer ftained with jaundice. -.......................the yellow fiend Ting'd with her own accumulated gall. I am fure, if you but reconfider what has been faid, although you may accufe me of preach- ing, you will not regard a drunken bout as a trifling matter. Lo<>k back but to the laft adventure of this kind, and ftrive to ...............................................recolleft What follies in your loofe unguarded hour Efcap'd. For one irrevocable word, Perhaps that meant no narm, you lofe a friend; Or in the rage of wine your hafty hand Performs a deed that haunts you to the grave. Add that your means, your health, your parts decay; Your friends avoid you ; brutifhly transform'd, They hardly know you; or if one remains To wifh you well, he wifhes you in heaven. 12 Befides, he who drinks much can eat but little; and ftrength is never gained by ftar- ving ; one fhilling fpent with the baker and butcher is better than ten with the publican. Moderation is indeed always commendable, but there is little fear that the labourer will kill himfelf with cramming; for hard work and hard fare too often go together, and in- duftry feldom meffes with gluttony. Indeed it cannot be denied that Grofs riot treafures up a wealthy fund "Of plagues, but irremediable ills Attend the lean extreme. Armjlrong. I am not one of thofe who can culculate to a grain, on how little a man may keep life and foul together, but yet I cannot refrain from cautioning you againft wafte, and re- minding you that, good houfewifry will make one pound go as far as two. One fpecies of indulgence I muft however warn you againft—the taking too freely of fpiceries with your meals, Muilard, pepper, &c. fubftances of fo fiery a nature, that if ap- plied pure to the fkin, would foon excite a confiderable degree of inflammation; or which, if'blended with milder fubftances, and appli- ed frequently, would harden the fkin, and'de- prive it of it's healthful fenfibility, are taken 13 into the fiomach, with as little caution as though they were as mild as milk, and with- out confidering that effefts, fimilar to thofe they produce on the fein, fucceed to their ap- plication to the ftomach. The fubftances of which we are fpeaking, taken into the ftomach, even in the quantity in which they moft frequently are ufed, ren- der the ftomach lefs fenfible to the calls of na- ture, and lefs capable of performing it's func- tions of digefting the food : at length heart- burn, four rifings, painful oppreffions and cramps of the ftomach, fhow that, weaknefs of this c v an is produced, in confequence of it's having fuffered too much irritation, The ftomach urged beyond it's aftive tone, Hardly to nutrimental chyle fubdues The fofteft food.' ' Armfirong You cannot be too watchful againft the in- creafe of this praftice, for he that gratifies his taftev, without the limitation of prudence, knows not where he may end.-r-He that be- gins with a grain, may end with a pound. Now my friends, although you may not think it worth your trouble to balk your tafte for fuch a trifle, as you may efteem health to be, at leaft, let your children have fair play ; and do not bring them up the flaves of fuch evil habits. Let your diet be plain.—He that 14 breakfafts on milk ; dines one day on animal food, and the other on pudding, &c. and fups lightly on milk, pottage, &c. may with rea- fon hope for health. Therefore Let temperance conft'antly prefide; - Your beft phyfician, friend, and guide. Armfirong. But man is not made merely to eat, drink and toil. , A fpark of intellectual fire-is placed by hib great Creator in his breaft. If this be fmothered and extinguiftied, life paffes on dull and cheerlefs; but if fanned into flame it's genial influence pervades, and actuates every part of the fyftem ;— .......................from heaven it came, s Oh, prize this intellectual flame! This nobler felf with rapture fcan; 'Tis mind alone which makes the, man. Cotton, In proportion as the mind is cultivated, the enjoyment of nature's bleffings is promoted, and the intereft in life is augmented; and, which is particularly to our prefent purpofe, the opportunities and the range of rational recreations are increafed, Know, that amufeT ment is as neceflary to health as labour ; and that it is fometimes right To frame your mind to mirth and merriment, Which bars a thoufand har,ms, and lengthens life^ Shaijpeare. * 15 But moderation in the enjoyment of pleafure is as neceffary as in the profecution of labour. You may if you chufe make an amufement of labour; but never make a toil of amufe- ment. Ycur amufement fhould be adapted to the nature of your employment through the day : thus, fhould you be exhaufted by toil, chufe fome 3mufement where'fkill and dexte- rity is required, rather than labour; but if your employ in the day fhould have been ac- companied with but little exertion, chufe thofe fports which call the various mufcles in- to exercife. Take care, however, that your fports bear not on the limbs which work has wearied. Let him whofe arms are fatigued with wielding the pick-axe, and the ponder- ous hammer, amufe himfelf, when his tafk is, over, wiih ranging in the fields, Where fown profufely, herb and flower Of balmy fmell and healing pow'r, Their fouls in fragrant dews exhale, " And breathe frefh life in every gals. Here are thy walks, oh! facred health; The monarch's blifs, the beggar's wealth. Mallet* Here blooming health exerts her gentle reign, And filings the finews of the indultrious fwain. Gay. Whilft he whofe occupations weary his legs and feet, fhould rather derive amufement from thofe fports which exercife his arms. 16 Bathing is a recreation, pleafant, refrefli- ing and highly falutary; fit for him who paf- fes a fedentary life, as well as him who leads a hfe of labour. By this the fkin is cleanfed from hurtful matter which may collect on it, whilft the veffels are fo ftrengthened by it, as to be enabled to refill difeafe. Obferve that I here recommend bathing for the prevention, not for the cure of difeafes; fince our time will neither allow me to fpecify thofe numerous complaints which may be removed by it, nor thofe which prohibit it's employment. \ therefore can only fay generally, that in health it will prove beneficial, if ufed when the body* is neither chilled nor much heated : but that in difeafes depending-on any altered ftrufture of internal parts, it can never be had recourfe to but with danger. The amufements to which I have hitherto alluded are thofe adapted to the fummer, when fine weather and long days give the opportu- nities of an hour or two of day-light for your enjoyment, when labour is over". But in win- ter, a greater portion of time will be found free from the exercife of bufinefs, which want of day-light renders you unable to employ in out-door amufements. This portion of time is too commonly devoted to the ale-houfe; and this, it is frequently faid, becaufe your home can afford yQU no amufement. But let me n point out an amufement or two, which I am confident, when you have made trial of for a little time, will yield you delight beyond any you have ever experienced, whilft fmothering away' life in that grave of happinefs. Moit of you have children, and if you are not de- void of affection for them, pleafures beyond expreftion will be derived from inftru&ing them. Delightful talk! to rear the tender thought; To teach the young idea how to fhoot, And pour the frefli inftruclion o'er the mind. Tbotnfoitt But you may fay, that, not having yourfelf received the advantages of education, you can communicate to them but little inftru&ion. The inftruftion I however allude to, is fuch as the mod unlearned may communicate. Trace over in your memory the various events of your paft life ; you will then fee how you fail- ed in your aim to do well, and alfo, why your endeavours fometimes fucceeded. Communi- cate to your children the refle&ions which thefe obfervations create. Shew them the ad- vantages of induftry, civility and fobriety ; tet them fee the neceffity and advantage of rendering themfelves ufeful to thofe around them. Place before them particularly the po- licy of fuch condudt towards their employers: 18 fince he who renders himfelf ufeful to his em- ployer, becomes neceflary to him ; and creates that attachment of his maftpr, both from in- tereft and for refpedt for hislnduftry ; that, if he engage alfo his affection by his civility and obligingnefs, the moll advantageous and pro- fitable confequences may follow. Point out to them'the evils, which experience has taught you the neceffity of avoiding. Put afide all falfe fhame—own your own youthful follies to them.—Shew them the ill effefts which follow- ed, and confirm them in the refolution of fhun- ning fimilar foibles; and, on the other hand, hold out to their imitation thofe actions which recollection is delighted an recalling. By this conduct, you will not only lead your child- ren into a love of virtuous and induftrious exertions, and take away the neceffity of em- „ ploying that correction which may rob you of their love; but you will actually excite their affeftion», make them love their father as their friead, and perhaps fecure for yourfelf in age, that proteftion from your child, which you might otherwire have to feek from a work- houfe. But to be aflured of this, teach them to abhor cruelty to the brute creation ; fince the child who delights to torment any being, may be brought at laft to view the fufferings of even a parent, with feelings, worfe than indifference. Be aflured— 19 That all the pious duties which we owe Our parents, friends, our country and our God J The feeds of every virtue here below From difeipline alone and early culture grow. Weft. The amufement which books afford, exceeds all others, which can be enjoyed by the fire- fide, by thofe whofe days have, been laborioufly exercifed. But fhould this not be to your tafte, or fhould your youthful progrefs in learning not have been fufiicient to enable you fo in- dulge in this delightful enjoyment; have not to reproach yourfelf with not having done all in your power, to enable your children to ob- tain the pleafures and benefits of reading. Confider at how trifling an expenfe you may procure them this ufeful and entertaining ac- complifhment, and that a few pence, a-very few pence, weekly employed for this purpofe, may better their fituation through the whole of their life. By reading they will have their minds ftored with precepts, inftructive of the prefervation both of their health and morals: they will become better members of fociety, be more confirmed in their duty to you, and be furnifhed. with an inexhauftible fource of amufement and reflexion for every vacant hour; fo that the tedioufnefs of leifure ftiall not drive them to the ale-houfe for amufement, In their youth it will afford them amufements and inftruttion, and in age, comfort. 20 Nor do I go out of my way when 1 recom- mend reading to you; for I recommend it as a medicine, which, by it's effects on the mind, will fecure you from the attacks of fome di- feafes which really originate from the mind not being fufficiently exercifed; and alfo, as a remedy which will better enable you to be- guile away the