rwmmf ..... ,,j. :S1, •^Pipiipp.,. SSSr'V! W ill ,;||1| ilKffil *Bi" k:K?S!!^ Mm *'!*■ !"!;■'■.: ''^Biiiii NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE Washington Founded 1836 U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare Public Health Service / ACTS ©F INCORPORATION, BY-LAWS AND ORDERS, OP THE MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOCIETY. BOSTON: PRINTED BT JOHN ELIOT, JYa. 5, Court Street. 1816. ACTS OF INCORPORATION. COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS. IN THE YEAR OF OUR LORD, 1781, An Act to incorporate certain Physicians, by the name of " The Massachusetts Medical Society." AS health is essentially necessary to the happiness of society; and as its preservation or recovery is close- ly connected with the knowledge of the animal econ- omy, and of the properties and effects of medicines; and as the benefit of medical institutions, formed on liberal principles, and encouraged by the patronage of the law, is universally acknowledged : 1. Be it therefore enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives, in General Court assembled, and by the authority of the same, That Nathaniel Walker Appleton, William Baylies, Benjamin Curtis^ Samuel Danforth, Aaron Dexter, Shirley Erving, John Frink, Joseph Gardner, Samuel Holten, Edward Augustus Holyoke, Ebenezer Hunt, Charles Jarvis, Thomas Kast, Giles Crouch Kellogg, John Lynn, James Lloyd, Joseph Orne, James Pecker, Oliver Prescott, Charles Pynchon, Isaac Rand, Isaac Rand,jun. Micajah Sawyer, John Sprague, Charles Stockbridge, John Barnard Swett, Cotton Tufts, John Warren, Thomas Welsh, Joseph Whipple, and 4 William Whiting, be, and they hereby are, formed into, constituted and made a body politic and corporate, by the name of " The Massachusetts Medical Socie- ty ;" and that they and their successors, and-such oth- er persons as shall be elected in the manner hereafter mentioned, shall be and continue a body politic and corporate, by the same name, forever. 2. And be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the fellows of said society may, from time to time, elect a president, vice president and secretary, with other officers as they shaH judge necessary and convenient; and they, the fellows of said society, shall have Jiill power and authority, from time to time, to determine and establish the names, number and duty of their sev- eral officers, and the tenure or estate they shall re- spectively have in their offices; and also to authorise and empower their president, or some other officer, to administer such oaths to such officers, as they, the fel- lows of said society, shall appoint and determine for the well ordering and good government of said socie- ty, provided the same be not repugnant to the laws of this Commonwealth. 3. And be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the fellows of said society shall have one common seal, and power to break, change and renew the same at their pleasure. 4. And be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, That they, the fellows of said society, may sue and be sued in all actions, real, personal or mixed, and prosecute and defend the same unto final judgment and execu- tion, by the name of The Massachusetts Medical Society. 5. And be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the fellows of said society may from time to time elect 5 such persons to be fellows thereof, as they shall judge proper; and that they, the fellows of said society, shall have power to suspend, expel or disfranchise any fel- lows of said society. 6. And be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the fellows of said society shall have full power and authority to make and enact such rules and by-laws, for the better government of said society, as are not repugnant to the laws of this Commonwealth; and to annex reasonable fines and penalties to the breach of them, not exceeding the sum of tiventy pounds, to be sued for and recovered by said society, and to their own use, in any court of record within this Common- wealth proper to try the same; and also to establish the time and manner of convening: the fellows of said society; and also to determine the number of fellows that shall be present to constitute a meeting of said society; and also, that the number of said society, who are inhabitants of this Commonwealth, shall not, at any one time, be more than seventy, nor less than ten ; and that their meetings shall be held in the town of Boston, or such other place within this Common- wealth, as a majority of the members present, in a le- gal meeting, shall judge most fit and convenient. And whereas it is clearly of importance that a just dis- crimination shoidd be made between such as are duly edu- cated, and properly qualified, for the duties of their pro- fession, and those who may ignorantly and wickedly ad- minister medicine whereby the health and lives of many valuable individuals may be endangered, or perhaps lost to the community: 7. Be it therefore enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the president and fellows of said society, or such 6 other of their officers or fellows as they shall appoint, shall have full power and authority to examine all can- didates for the practice of physic and surgery (who shall offer themselves for examination) respecting their skill in their profession; and if, upon such examination, the said candidates shall be found skilled in their pro- fession, and fitted for the practice of it, they shall re- ceive the approbation of the society, in letters testi- monial of such examination, under the seal of the said society, signed by the president, or such other person or persons as shall be appointed for that purpose. 8. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That if the said president, and such other person or persons, so elected and appointed for the purpose of examining candidates as aforesaid, shall obstinately re- fuse to examine any candidate so offering himself for examination as aforesaid, each and every such person, so elected and appointed as aforesaid, shall be subject to a fine of one hundred pounds, to be recovered by the said candidate, and to his own use, in any court within this Commonwealth proper to try the same. 9. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid^ That the fellows of said society may, and shall forever, be deemed capable in law, of having, holding and tak- ing in fee simple, or any less estate by gift, grant or devise, or otherwise, any land, tenement or other es- tate, real or personal; provided that the annual income of the whole real estate that may be given, granted or devised to, or purchased by, the said society, shall not exceed the sum of two hundred pounds, and the annual income or interest of said personal estate, shall not ex- ceed the sum of six hundred pounds ; all the sums men- tioned in this a„et to be valued in silver at six shillings 7 and eight pence per ounce: and the annual income or interest of the said real and personal estate, together with the fines and penalties paid to said society, or re- covered by them, shall be appropriated to such pur- poses as are consistent with the end and design of the institution of said society, and as the fellows thereof shall determine. 10. And be it further enacted, That the first meeting of the said Medical Society shall be held in some con- venient place in the town of Boston; and that Edward Augustus Holyoke, Esq. be, and he hereby is, authoris- ed and directed to fix the time for holding the said meeting, and to notify the same to the fellows of said Medical Society. [This- act passed JYovember 1st, 1781.] An Act in addition to an Act, passed in the year of out Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-one, en- titled, " An Act to incorporate certain Physicians, by the name of The Massachusetts Medical Society." Whereas some doubts have arisen with respect to the extent of the powers given to, and duties required of, the said society, by the act to which this is in addition, touching the examination of any candidates for the practice of physic and surgery," who shall offer them- selves therefor, respecting their skill in their profes- sion," as well as with respect to the authority of the said society, to demand and receive a suitable compensa- tion for their time, trouble and expense, in examining candidates, and for the letters testimonial, which by 8 the said act they are required to give to such as shall be approbated : For removing the said doubts, 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Represen- tatives, in General Court assembled, and by the authority of the same, That it shall be the duty of the said Mas- sachusetts Medical Society, in order more effectually to answer the designs of their institution, from time to time, to describe and point out such a medical instruc- tion, or education, as they shall judge requisite for can- didates for the practice of physic and surgery, previous to their examination before them, or their officers, ap- pointed for said purpose, respecting their skill in their profession, and shall cause the same to be published in three newspapers, in three different counties within this Commonwealth: and every candidate examined and approved by the president and fellows of the said society, or such of their officers or fellows as they shall appoint, shall be held to pay such reasonable fees of office as shall be established by the said socie- ty, for the examination of candidates, and letters tes- timonial in favour of such as shall be approbated; and the treasurer of the said society, for the time being, shall have full power and authority to sue for and re- cover the same, in any court proper to try the same. 2. And be it further enacted, That the eighth enact- ing clause of the said incorporating act, making the president, or such other person or persons as shall be elected for the purpose of examining candidates, each and every of them, subject to a fine of one hundred pounds, in case of obstinate refusal to examine any candidate offering himself therefor, be, and it is here- by, repealed. 9 3. And be it further enacted, That from and after passing this act, whenever the officers appointed for examining candidates for the practice of physic and surgery, shall obstinately and unreasonably refuse to examine such as may apply therefor, respecting their skill in their profession, the officers, so refusing, shall be subject to a fine not exceeding one hundred pounds, nor less than tiventy pounds, to be sued for and recov- ered by the candidate injured, and to his own use, in any court within this Commonwealth, proper to try the same. [This act passed February 10th, 1789.] An Act in addition to an Act, entitled, " An Act to incor- porate certain Physicians, by the name of the Massa- chusetts Medical Society." Whereas the Act entitled, " An Act to incorporate certain physicians by the name of the Massachusetts Medical Society," has been found, in its operation, in- sufficient to effect the important and desirable pur- poses for which it was designed : 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Represen- tatives, in General Court assembled, and by the authority of the same, That the fellows, for the time being, of the said Massachusetts Medical Society, in any meeting or meetings, to be called and holden for the purpose, before the next annual meeting, shall have authority 2 10 to elect into that corporation, and to be fellows thereof, such and so many suitable persons, being physicians or surgeons resident within this Commonwealth, as they shall see fit, any thing in the act, to which this is in addition, to the contrary notwithstanding. Provided, that all persons so elected, shall, within one year after such election, subscribe the by-laws of the said society, or otherwise declare, in writing, their assent thereto, or such election shall be void. 2. And be it further enacted, That at the next annual meeting of the fellows of said society, and afterwards at every annual meeting thereof, there shall be chosen by ballot, in which any absent member may vote by his proxy, duly authorised in writing, so many coun- sellors as the said society shall, from time to time, judge necessary and expedient, who shall hold their offices for the year next ensuing their election, and un- til another election of counsellors in their place; and the fellows, at their annual meetings, whenever such a number shall be present as the regulations of the so- ciety may require, may revise, alter, enlarge, and re- peal, the by-laws of the said society, as the major part of the fellows present may see fit, and not otherwise. 3. And be it further enacted, That the counsellors of the said corporation, and their successors after them, shall assemble and convene, three times in the year, at such times and places, as the by-laws of the said cor- poration shall hereafter direct. Provided, That the first meeting be within thirty days after the annual meeting of the said society; and the said counsellors shall assemble and convene at any other time, as the by-laws of the said corporation shall hereafter direct, 11 and whenever notified to convene by their presiding officer; and the meeting of the said counsellors shall be held in the town of Boston, or as near thereto as may be ; and at the said first meeting of the counsel- lors, after the annual meeting of the said society, the said counsellors shall proceed to appoint, from among themselves, a president, and such other officers of the said corporation, as are and shall be required in the rules and by-laws thereof to be so appointed; like- wise five examiners or censors, for the examination of all persons who, having been students in medicine and surgery, agreeably to the regulations of the said soci- ety, shall offer themselves to be approved and licensed, as practising physicians and surgeons; and the said counsellors, at any of the three stated meetings of the same, and only at these meetings, and after three months nomination of every candidate, and not other- wise, by a major vote of those present, may elect any suitable person or persons, to be a fellow or fellows of the said society. Provided, That all practising physicians and surgeons, resident within this Common- wealth, who shall be so elected, shall, within one year after such election, subscribe the by-laws of the said society or otherwise declare, in writing, their assent to the same, or such election shall be void. And all per- sons, not practising physicians or surgeons, or not resi- dent within this Commonwealth, who shall be so elect- ed, may be deemed honorary members of the said so- ciety, and, at any meeting of the said counsellors, they may fill any vacant office, and perform any other du- ties, as the by-laws of the said Corporation shall di- rect. 12 4. And be it further enacted, That, for the pur- pose of examining candidates as aforesaid, three, at least, of the examiners or censors, who shall be ap- pointed as aforesaid, shall be convened in the town of Boston, on the Thursday next preceding the annual meetings of the said society, and at such other times and places as the by-laws of the said society shall direct; and every candidate, who, upon examina- tion, shall be approved by a majority of the said exam- iners, shall be entitled to letters testimonial of their approbation, and of their license, to such candidate, to become a practitioner in medicine or surgery; under the hands of the examiners consenting thereto : and to such letters testimonial, the seal of the said Corpora- tion shall be affixed, by the President or Secretary, if any there shall be, with the signature of the same; and every person, who shall receive the said letters testimonial, and such also as hereafter may be admit- ted to the degree of bachelor of medicine at Harvard University,* shall be entitled to the use of the libra- ries of the society, under such restrictions as the coun- sellors may direct: and after three years approved practice in medicine and surgery, and being of good moral character, and not otherwise, shall, upon appli- cation, and subscribing the by-laws as aforesaid, be admitted a member of the said corporation while a resident practitioner of medicine or surgery within this Commonwealth. * The Counsellors of the Massachusetts Medical Society consider the provis- ions of the act of 1803, relating to bachelor of medicine, at Harvard University, as applying also to Doctor of medicine, as that degree is now substituted for the deeree of bachelor conferred at that time. 13 5. And be it further enacted, That the said counsel- lors, upon the application of any five members of the said society, may establish, within such districts snd portions of this Commonwealth, as they shall think ex- pedient, subordinate societies, and meetings, to consist of the fellows of the said corporation residing within such districts respectively, wherein the communication of cases and experiments may be made, and the diffu- sion of knowledge in medicine and surgery may be en- couraged and promoted; and the counsellors afore- said, upon application from such subordinate societies, may appoint five examiners or censors, within such districts, who shall be authorized and empowered to examine such candidates for the practice of physic and surgery, as shall present themselves for such examina- tion. And every candidate, who, upon examination, shall be approved by a majority of the examiners or censors aforesaid, shall be entitled to letters testimo- nial, in the same manner as is provided in the fourth section of this act. And the members of such subor- dinate societies shall be holden to report to the coun- sellors of the general society, all such cases as may be selected for their importance and utility; and the said subordinate societies shall be subject to the regulations of the general society, in all matters, wherein the gen- eral society shall be concerned; and the said subor- dinate societies may appoint their own officers, and establish regulations for their particular government, not repugnant to the by-laws of the general society j and shall be capable to purchase, and receive by do- nation, books, philosophical and chirurgical instru- ments, or other personal property, and may hold and 14 dispose of the same, exclusive of any authority of the general society. 6. And be it further enacted, That all matters and clauses, contained in the act aforesaid, to incorporate certain physicians by the name of the Massachusetts Medical Society, which are contrary to the purview of this act, shall be, and they hereby are, repealed. 7. And be it further enacted, That the fellows of the said corporation shall not be liable to be enrolled or mustered in the militia of this Commonwealth. [This act passed March Qth, 1803.] BY-LAWS OF THE MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOCIETY. CHAPTER I. MEETINGS. Section I. A meeting of the Fellows of A£nual meet' the Massachusetts Medical Society shall be held on the first Wednesday of June, annu- ally, at 10 o'clock, A. M. in the town of Bos- ton, if practicable, at such place as the Presi- dent may appoint; and ten Fellows shall constitute a quorum for transacting business. Notice of this meeting shall be given in two Notice to \* f. -i given. public papers, at least fourteen days pre- viously. Sect. II. 1. Order of Business. At the Order at the J annual meet- opening of each meeting, the Recording Se- »'fcordingSe cretary shall read the proceedings of the last creuu-y's duty. annual meeting, shall lay before the Society the transactions of the Counsellors in the year preceding; and shall report the names of those, who have become Fellows or Honor- ary Members during that time. 2. It shall next be determined, what num- g^01J ber of Fellows shall be Counsellors of the Society for the year ensuing, and they shall be elected forthwith, for counties or districts. 16 Report of com- 3# Reports of Committees shall then be mittei'S. * received. Bj-iaws. 4. The by-laws and regulations of the So- ciety shall next come under consideration, and any alterations made, which shall be judged expedient. General con- 5. Attention shall then be given to such communications, as the Counsellors may think proper to make, and to any propositions, which may be thought conducive to the wel- fare of the Society, or to the general interest of medical science. Dissertation. 6. The business of the day shall be con- cluded by a discourse or dissertation, on some medical subject, to be delivered by the person, appointed by the Counsellors, for that pur- pose. Annnal Assess- SeCT. III. Assessment. Every Fellow of the Society shall annually contribute three dollars to the funds, and pay the same to the Treasurer; and no Fellow shall be allowed the loan of any book or other article, belong- ing to the Society; nor be allowed to vote at any meeting thereof, until he shall have made such payment. Resignation of Sect. IV. Resignations. Every Fellow fellowship. t? J of the Society, who intends to resign his Fel- lowship, may assign his reasons therefor to the Counsellors, and if deemed sufficient, he shall be permitted to resign; and he shall thereupon be considered an honorary mem- ber; but if the reasons so assigned should not be satisfactory, and he should withdraw 17 from the Society, he shall not afterward be entitled to iny of the privileges either of Fel- lows or Licentiates of the Society. Sect. V. Expulsion. A vote of two thirds Number of /• . i t* " i t ' votes necessary oi the t ellows, present at the annual meeting, for expulsion. shall be necessary to expel any Fellow from the Society. Sect. VI. Consultation. To promote the Unqualified laudable design of the Legislature, in forming beTonsuited and incorporating this Society, to discourage W1 empiricism, and to prevent, as far may be, all unqualified persons from practising medicine or surgery; it shall be deemed disreputable, and shall be unlawful, for any Fellow of this Society, in the capacity of physician or sur- geon, to advise or consult with any person, who shall hereafter commence the practice of medicine or surgery in this Commonwealth, unless he shall possess either one, or the oth- er of the following qualifications. 1. He shall have been duly examined and Qualifications approbated by the Censors of the Society, or reqmsi e" by those of some district Society; or shall have received a medical degree at Harvard University. 2. Or, should he have been educated in, or JggS; come from, some other state or foreign coun- try, unless he shall have produced to the Censors of the Society, or those for the dis- trict, wherein he resides, satisfactory evidence of his qualifications for the practice of medi- cine or surgery, agreeably to the law in this case provided in Chapter 4th. Sect. 3d. 3 18 3. Or unless he shall be a Fellow of the Society, and shall not have been expelled therefrom. Penalty. Every Fellow of the Society, who shall abet or assist in practice any person not qual- ified as aforesaid, or any one who has been expelled from the Society; or afford him advice, or consult with him in the capa- city of physician or surgeon, shall, for such offence, be disqualified for one year from giving his vote at any meeting of the Society, and of the District Society whereof he is a member; shall be liable to the censure and reprimand of the Counsellors, and in ag- gravated cases* to expulsion. Penalty for ir- Sect. VII. Irregular practices. Whenev- tiees. r prac er any Fellow of the Society shall publicly advertise for sale any medicine, the composi- tion of which he keeps a secret; or shall, in like manner, offer to cure any disease by any such secret medicine, he shall be liable to ex- pulsion, or s,uch other penalty, as the Society, at their annual meeting, may think proper to inflict. CHAPTER II. OF THE COUNSELLORS. rjoun^'uors Sec" *' There shall be a stated meeting of the Counsellors, on the day next following the annual meeting of the Society, in the place of such meeting, or as near thereto as 19 may be, at the hour of 10, A. M. notice whereof shall be given at the same time the annual meeting of the Society is notified. At this meeting there shall be chosen, by the meeting. Counsellors present, from among all the per- sons elected counsellors, a President, Vice President, Corresponding Secretary, Record- ing Secretary, Treasurer, Librarian and Cab- inet Keeper, and five Censors, who shall hold their respective offices for the year ensuing, and until others are chosen in their stead. An inquiry shall be made, at this meeting, re- specting the state of the treasury and library. A stated meeting of the Counsellors shall °,ct<>ber and ° February also be held on the first Wednesday of Qc- meetings. tober and February, annually, at such hour and place as the President shall appoint; notice whereof shall be given in two news- papers printed in the town of Boston, fourteen days, at least, previous to the meeting. The President shall call special meetings, Special meet* whenever he shall deem it expedient, or whenever five of the Counsellors shall request it in writing. Notice shall be given of these meetings at least fourteen days previous, ex- cept in some peculiar and extraordinary case, and then the President, with the consent of Extra meet- five Counsellors, may call a meeting without1,lgs' such previous notice, but with such, as cir- cumstances may admit. In all meetings of the Counsellors, except Quorum. the first after their election, nine shall be present to constitute a quorum for the tran- saction of business. 20 Sect. II. Election of Fellows and Honora- Nominations. ry Members. Nominations of candidates for election as Fellows or Honorary Members of the Society, shall be made to the Counsel- lors, by one or more of the Fellows ; but no person resident within the limits of any es- tablished District Society, shall be nominated by any one not belonging to that district. The Counsellors shall, at every stated meeting, examine and act upon the list of nominations, and the applications for admis- sion in course, if any such there may be. Notification to Every person elected or admitted a Fellow? SisTon! °f sha11 be notified thereof by the Corresponding Secretary; and upon declaring his assent, in the manner required by the act of incorporation, shall receive from the Recording Secretary a diploma in the form following : viz. Societas Medica Massachusettensis. Omnibus ad quos haec pervenerint salutem. lowship10 Quum ReipublicaB Massachusettensis Sum- ma Auctoritas Societati Medicae Massachu- settensi jus et privilegium concessit, ut medi- cinal Cultores, qui artem suam fideliter edis- eendo,vel recte exercitando, famamhonestam consecuti sunt; illos eligerent et sibi socios adjungerent: Notum esto ; quod his propos- itis exsequendis, Consiliarii Societatis Medicae Massachusettensis Socium acceperunt in oppido comitatu habitantem, virum vitae integerrimum, artisque medendi peritissimum, qui suis et auxilio et 21 decori semper fuit; et quern omnibus honori- bus et privilegiis Societatis dignissimum judi- caverunt. Quorum in testimonium, Sigillum Societatis afngendum dedi, nomenque meum apposui, Bostonia3, Die Mensis Annoque salu- tis humanaa, millesimo octingentesimo et Attcstaute, a Secretis. Prases. Sect. HI. General Duties. That the in-Ge-grjOdato tention of the Legislature, expressed in their lois- acts of incorporation, may be effected, it shall be the duty of the Counsellors for the time being, once in every three years, at least, to specify such authors in anatomy, chemistry, Shaiidesignate materia-medica, surgery, midwifery, and the study. theory and practice of medicine, as they shall judge proper and necessary to be studied by medical and surgical pupils, previous to, and to qualify them for, an examination before the Censors: and they shall, as the law directs, cause this specification to be published in three newspapers, in three different counties, and m at least two papers in the town of Boston. The Counsellors shall, occasionally, pro- sgijt*^ pose subjects for the attention of the Fellows; SL such as the history of epidemics, accounts of births and deaths, diaries of the weather, &c. to be communicated to the Society. All communications shall be received by shau^ the Counsellors, and such of them selected as tious. -22 'Bublications. Annual Dis- course. are proper to be read at the meetings ol the Fellows of the Society; or, if they judge it more expedient, summaries of their contents shall be prepared. The Counsellors may select and publish, from time to time, such papers and proceed- ings of the Society, as they shall judge pro- per, and appropriate money for this or any other purpose, for which they may deem it expedient so to do, as far forth, as the funds of the Society will permit. Sect. IV. Discourse. The Counsellors shall, at their meeting in June or October, an- nually appoint a suitable person, or persons to read a discourse or dissertation, on such medical subject as the person so elected may choose, before the Fellows of the Society, at their annual meeting ; and in case the person or persons thus chosen should decline the ser- vice, the President, with five Counsellors, may appoint others in their stead. A copy of every such discourse, when read, shall be de- posited, by its author, with the Correspond- ing Secretary. CHAPTER III. OF OFFICERS. Duties of the President . Sect. I. President. The President shall call all meetings of the Fellows and Counsel- lors of the Society, regulate all debates, state 23 and put questions, call for reports of commit- tees, enforce an observance of the by-laws and regulations, have custody of, and use, on proper occasions, the seal of the Society, ad- minister such oaths as are conformable to the constitution, have a casting vote in all meet- ings of the Fellows and Counsellors of the Society, and perform such other duties as may be assigned to him. Sect. II. Vice-President. The Vice-Pre- Duties of the sident, in case of the death, resignation, dis- dent. resl" ability, or absence of the President, shall hold and exercise all the powers, set forth in the first section of this chapter, until a new choice of President. In the absence of the Presi- dent and Vice-President, the senior Counsel- lor present shall preside in the meetings of the Fellows and Counsellors of the Society. Sect. III. Corresponding Secretary. The D.it.es rfC Corresponding Secretary shall have the ^"(,i"sSe* charge and custody of all letters and com- munications transmitted to the Counsellors of the Society; shall cause papers, written in any foreign language, to be translated into English; shall prepare and transmit answers to correspondents, in such language and form as the Counsellors may direct; shall transmit, to the Secretaries of the several district So- cieties, information of the books, specified and required by the Counsellors, to be studied by all candidates for examination before the Cen- sors ; shall, as soon as may be, notify every person elected or admitted a Fellow or Hon- 24 orary Member of the Society, of his election or admission, and the time when it was made; and at the same time, transmit him a copy of the laws and by-laws of the Society; shall report, at each meeting of the Counsellors, the names of those, who have signified their acceptance of Fellowship, since the previous meeting, and shall perform such other duties, as may be assigned him. Duties of the Sect. IV. Recording Secretary. The Re- creuuy!"6 e cording Secretary shall have charge of the laws and records of the Society : He shall notify and attend the meetings of the Fellows, Counsellors and Censors of the Society, and keep a fair record of their proceedings re- spectively, which he shall read at the open- ing of the succeeding meeting; and he shall read at the meetings of the Fellows of the Society, all such communications as the Coun- sellors may think proper to make. He shall receive the nominations and applications of candidates for admission into the Society, and, immediately after any person Is elected or admitted a Fellow or Honorary Member of the Society, transmit information thereof, and a copy of the laws and by-laws to the Corresponding Secretary. He shall, immediately previous to the an- nual meeting, furnish the Treasurer with a correct fist of those, who have become Fel- lows during the year. He shall receive applications from all per- sons, who may present themselves for exam- ination, take the fees of licentiates and pay them within one month afterward to the Treasurer; he shall notify the chairman of all committees, furnish necessary papers, and the names of the committee; and perform any other services, which may be assigned him. If, at any time, eitlier of the Secretaries Duties com- should be absent, the one attending shall per- Secretaries. form the services of both; but, as soon as possible, the papers shall be arranged and delivered over to their proper department. The Secretaries may, with the consent of the President, furnish attested copies of pa- pers and transactions, belonging to their sev- eral departments, for which such fees may be demanded, as the Counsellors shall establish.' Sect. V. Treasurer. The Treasurer Duties of the . . . Treasurer. shall give security for the trust reposed in him, whenever the Counsellors shall judge it to be requisite, and the funds of the Society will admit of a compensation for his services. He shall demand and receive all money due to the Society, together with all bequests and donations: He shall demand, and, if ne- cessary, sue for and recover, all fines and as- sessments due to the Society: He shall, un- der the direction of the Counsellors, sell or lease any estate belonging to the Society, and execute the necessary papers: He shall, in general, have the care and management of the fiscal concerns of the Society, and keep an accurate statement of all receipts and expen- ditures : He shall not pay any money out of 4 26* the treasury, but by an order from the Pre- sident, and his accounts shall be examined and reported annually to the Counsellors, at their first meeting after the annual meeting of the Society, by a committee appointed by the Counsellors for that purpose. LuSrian* a^d Sect. VI. Librarian and Cabinet Keeper* Cabinet keep- The Librarian and Cabinet Keeper, shall have in his custody and charge, the books, museum, instruments and apparatus of the Society. He shall keep an accurate register of, and arrange them in a proper manner; shall make such disposal of them, from time to time, as the Counsellors may direct, for the benefit of the Fellows: He shall make an annual statement of the business of his department to a committee, who shall report the same to the Counsellors; and he shall carefully record all donations, made in his de- partment, to the Society. Resignation Sect. VII. Resignation, Removal and Re- and removal ° ofofficers. placement of Officers. Every officer of the Society may, for sufficient reasons, resign his office, or may be removed therefrom, by order of the Counsellors, for neglect, inattention or mal-conduct; in either of which cases, or on the death of any officer, the Counsellors shall supply his place, so soon as may be con- venient. 27 •nsors meetings. CHAPTER IV. OF EXAMINATIONS AND LICENCES. Sect. I. Censors'* Meetings. There shall be Censors'meet, a meeting of the Censors, in the town of Bos- ton, for the examination of candidates for the practice of medicine, surgery and midwifery, on the Thursday next preceding the annual meeting of the Fellows of the Society, as pro- vided in the act of incorporation; and on the day following the meeting of the Counsellors in October and February annually. Ten days, at least, previous to these sever- ^'.'^J0^ al meetings, notice thereof shall be given to <> the public in two news-papers, printed in Boston, specifying the place and time of day, at which they are to be held. Three shall constitute a quorum, and the Quorum. senior Censor shall preside. The President, the Vice President, and Those excused . i i fr°m serving those, who have heretofore sustained those as Censors. offices, shall be exempted from serving in the office of Censor; but no other Fellows of the Society, unless by a vote of the Counsellors. Every Censor, who shall neglect or refuse Penalty for J 1 ^ . not serving as to attend the meetings for examination of can- Censor. didates, without offering an excuse, which shall be satisfactory to those who do attend, shall pay a fine of ten dollars for the use of the .Society, 28 Qualifications Sect. II. Candidates and their qualifications. for examina- Every person, educated within this Common- wealth, shall have the following qualifications to entitle him to an examination by the Cen- sors of the Society, or by those of any district Society. 1st. He shall have such an acquaintance with the Greek and Latin languages, as is necessary for a medical or surgical education, and with the principles of geometry and ex- perimental philosophy. 2d. He shall have studied three full years under the direction, and attended the prac- tice, of some one or more of the Fellows or Honorary Members of the Society; during which time, he shall have studied the most approved authors in anatomy, chemistry, materia-medica, surgery, midwifery, and the theory and practice of medicine; or, at least, all those which the Counsellors shall from time to time specify, as constituting a proper course of medical or surgical education. Qualifications Any person, educated without this Com- cated0^doif monwealth, may be admitted to an examina- tbe state. jjon^ ejtner by t^g Censors of the Society, or by those of any district Society, if he possess the qualifications specified in the first of the articles above mentioned; and instead of those required in the second, shall have stud- ied three full years under the direction, and attended the practice of some reputable physician or physicians, surgeon or surgeons, as the case may be, 29 The Censors of the Society, and those of Certificate of 1 it- 1 p • • qualifications the several districts, before examining any for examina- candidate, shall demand and receive from him a satisfactory certificate of his being qual- ified in one or the other of the modes before mentioned, and such certificate shall be deliv- ered by the Censors to the Recording Secre- tary, or to the Secretary of the district Socie- ty, as the case may be, whose duty it shall be to put it on file, and make a record thereof. Sect. III. Censors'1 duty. The Censors of Censors' duty. the Society, and those of the several districts, shall examine candidates, qualified, as is spec- ified in the preceding section, in anatomy, physiology, pathology, therapeutics, chemis- try and surgery. They shall previously a- gree upon the mode of examination, and, when they approve a candidate, shall certify the same to the Recording Secretary, or to the Secretary of the district Society, as the case may be, who, on receiving ten dollars, feeneJOT b> to be paid to the Treasurer for the use of the Society, shall record such certificate, and thereupon furnish the person approbated, with a certificate or letter testimonial, print- ed and completed in the form following. Commonwealth of Massachusetts. ggjrf Cer> We the subscribers, Censors of the Mas- sachusetts Medical Society, duly appointed and authorised, have examined A. B., of C, in the County of D., a Candidate for the prac- tice of Physic and Surgery; and having 30 found him qualified, do approve and licence him as a practitioner in Medicine, agreeably to the Law in that case made and provided. Dated at this day of A. D. One thousand eight hun- dred and E.G. H.I. K. L. By virtue of the power in me vested, I have hereunto affixed the Seal of the Massa- chusetts Medical Society. M. N. President. Attest, O. P. Recording Secretary. If the approved candidate should choose to have his credentials in Latin, they shall be in the form following, viz. i^itin form of Societas Medica Massachusettensis. €ensoi,s' Cer- _. „ 1 1 v tificate. Umnibus ad quos hae hterae perveniant, sa- lutem. Notum esto ; quod nos Censores, A. B. in C. comitatus D. in repub- lica nostra, habitantem, de ratione et pro- gressu ipsius studiorum in re exqui sivimus; et, quod eum, ad omne munus fa- cultatis paratum et instructum esse censemus: Nos, itaque merito, potesta- tes omnes, ac privilegia exercendi, et profitendi, pro auctoritate nobis, legibus reipublicse, concredita, damua ei, et concedi- 31 mus. In cujus rei testimonium, nostrum nomi- na subsignavimus, apud die A. D. MDCCC E. F. G. H. I.K. In quorum omnium et singulorum, fidem, ad presentes literas, sigillum Societatis ma- numque meum apposui. L. M. PrjESES. Attestat, N. P. The Censors of the Society, or those of cing Foreign- the several districts, upon application from er any person who has been educated in, or who shall come from, any other state or foreign country, shall examine such evidence or let- ters testimonial, as he shall offer for the pur- pose of proving himself to be duly qualified to practice medicine or surgery; and if, upon due inquiry, it shall appear, that the person presenting those testimonials, has received an education equal to that required of candidates for examination before the said Censors, they shall consider him properly qualified, and shall certify the same, and license him as a prac- titioner of physic and surgery; and the per-^^^ son so licensed, on paying the sum of ten dol- lars to the Recording Secretary, shall be en- titled to the privileges of consultation, the use of the library, and to admission to the So- ciety, on the same terms as licentiates who fhave been examined and approbated by the 32 Censors; and he shall receive a certificate or letter testimonial printed and completed in the following form. Commonwealth of Massachusetts. tiKeforiS" We the subscribers, Censors of the Mas- reigners. sachusetts Medical Society, duly appointed and authorised, have examined the letters testimonial of A. B, of C, in the county of D, and having found them satisfactory, do here- by admit him to all the privileges of those, who have been examined and approbated by the Censors. Dated at Boston, this day of in the year of our Lord, eighteen hundred and E. F. } G. H. > Censors. I. K. ) By virtue of the power in me vested, I have hereunto affixed the seal of the Massa- chusetts Medical Society. L. M. President Attest N. P., Recording Secretary. CHAPTER V. OF DISTRICT SOCIETIES. Modeofappii- Sect. I. Mode of establishment. Every Charter. application for the establishment of a District Society shall be made in writing to the Coun* 33 sellors, stating the extent of territory intend- ed to be comprehended by it, and the town or place where the meetings are proposed to be held. Whenever the Counsellors shall accede to such application, they shall forth- with cause a charter to be issued in the form following: Commonwealth of Massachusetts. [l. s.] By the Counsellors of the Massachu- FormofChar. setts Medical Society. To A. B, C, D, E, F, and Y, Z, Fellows of the said Society, greeting. Your application, made in due form, re- questing that a district or subordinate Medi- cal Society might be instituted, to consist of the Fellows of the Massachusetts Medical Society residing in the following towns, in the of viz. was duly considered, at a meet- ing of the Counsellors, held at on the day of A. D. 18 , and it was thereupon voted that your request should be granted. Be it therefore known, That pursuant to an act of the Legislature of this Commonwealth, entitled, " An act in addition to an act, entit- led, an act to incorporate certain persons, by the name of the Massachusetts Medical So- ciety, authorising the Counsellors of said So- ciety thereunto, a district or subordinate So- ciety, by the name of is hereby established, to consist of those Fellows of the 5 34 Massachusetts Medical Society, now resident within the district aforesaid, for the purpose of electing officers, and transacting such oth- er business, as they shall deem expedient. In testimony whereof, the President, pur- suant to the aforesaid vote of the Counsellors, has hereunto subscribed his name, and affix- ed the seal of the Corporation at this day of A. D. 18 . M. M. President. Attest, N. P. Recording Secretary. District Soeie- Sect. II. Of District Officers, and their duties relating to the General Society. In every district Society, there shall be annually fiiersionof°1 elected a President, Vice-President, Treasur- er, Secretary, and a Librarian and Cabinet Keeper. Dudes to the The President, Vice-President and Treas- Geueral Soci- , . 1 n • * ty. urer oi each district bociety, shall inspect all communications made to that Society, and shall direct the Secretary thereof to transmit, to the Corresponding Secretary of the So- ciety, such communications, or a copy there- of, or extracts therefrom, as they shall judge to be deserving the inspection of the Coun- sellors. District Secre- The Secretary of each district Society shall have custody of all communications made to that Society, and shall keep a fair record of their proceedings; an account of which he shall annually transmit to the Cor- responding Secretary of the Society. He 35 shall, from time to time, transmit to the said Corresponding Secretary, all such communi- cations, as the President, Vice-President and Treasurer of his district shall deem to be de- serving the consideration of the Counsellors: and he shall pay all fees, received from candi- dates licensed, within three months, to the Treasurer of the Society. The Librarian and Cabinet Keeper of each District Libra- i v nan8 tuny- district Society, shall have the custody of the books, museum, instruments and apparatus belonging to his district; and shall transmit a catalogue of all the articles intrusted to his care, to the Librarian and Cabinet Keeper of the General Society: whenever any article shall be sold or exchanged, he shall, in like manner, give information thereof. The District Censors shall meet at such District Cen- times and places as the Counsellors may di- rect. Every member of a district Society shall be liable to sustain the office of a Cen- sor for the district wherein he resides, and none shall be exempt therefrom; and in case any one, appointed to the office, shall unrea- sonably neglect or refuse to perform the du- ties thereof, he shall forfeit and pay, to the Treasurer of the general Society, for every such neglect or refusal, the sum of ten dol- lars. Three shall constitute a quorum, in like manner, as is provided by the first section of the fourth chapter respecting the Censors of the general Society: and the Counsellors shall be judges of the reasonableness of ev- 36 ery excuse, which shall be offered by any one, who shall fail to perform his duty as a district Censor. Privileges of Sect. III. DistrictSocieties'' Meetings. The iting district Fellows and Honorary Members of the So- ciety, may attend the meetings of any district Society, although not members thereof; but shall not have the privilege of voting. CHAPTER VI. OF THE LIBRARY. I'.tbra.iian's du f.v. 1. The Librarian shall have in his custody and charge all books belonging to the Socie- ty ; shall keep a register of, and arrange them in proper classes, and deliver them out to the Fellows of the Society, under the re- gulations subjoined, and such as may hereaf- ter be adopted. h\Pmadetonthe 2* The &11ows of the Society shall be en- Sr"1 for titled to the use of such books as belong to the Society, on their application to the Libra- rian, and giving him a receipt therefor. And it shall be the duty of the Librarian to keep a record of the delivery and receipt of such books, and the dates of the same. ThaaG allowed 3. Every Fellow may be allowed to retain forretention. . , J ^ a book from the library three months, and no longer: after the expiration of which time, if he neglect or refuse to return it, 37 agreeably to notice from the Librarian, he shall be deprived of the privilege of taking out any other book till he return the same. 4. Whenever a book has been retained Penalty forun- due retention. three months, it shall be the duty of the Li- brarian to notify the person so retaining it thereof; and if it is not returned in six weeks after the date of such notification, the Libra- rian shall give information to the Recording Secretary, who shall record the name of the person holding the book, and of the book, on the journal of the Counsellors, and read the same at every annual meeting of the Society, until such book shall be restored to the li- brary. 5. If any book, in the possession of a Fel- y™*h- form- low, shall be injured, it shall be completely repaired, or replaced. 6. Any Fellow of the Society may have £-*£,*, one folio, two quartos, or three of smaller ken size; but no more, at any one time. 7. The Librarian shall cause each book, p^™™"1''^0- ty m marking belonging to the library, to be marked on the books. inside cover with the arms of this Society, and underneath the following words: " Pro- perty of the Massachusetts Medical Society," or " Gift of A. B. to the Massachusetts Med- ical Society," as the case may be. 8. The Librarian may appoint a Substi- Jjjjj^" tute for the delivery of books; and no per- son shall be allowed to take a book from the library, except in presence of the Librarian or his Substitute; and the Substitute shall, in 38 no case, deliver a book from the library, ex- cepting by an order from the Librarian. 9. When a Fellow of the Society applies Course to be J vy taken when a for a book belonging to, but not in the libra- nook sent for # ° ~ is out tj at the time of application, he may leave his request in writing with the Librarian, who shall, when the book is returned, loan it to the person so applying. Books to be 10. All books belonging to the library Sth^annuaUy. shall be returned, or called for by the Libra- rian, on or before the 20th of May, annually, and none of them shall be again loaned be- fore the day following the annual meeting of the Society, in June. Any one not comply- ing with this regulation, shall be subject to the penalty, of the third and fourth articles. Honorary 11. Honorary Members, resident in this tied to books state, shall have the same privileges of the on paymg a library as the Fellows, on paying to the Treasurer the sum of one dollar annually. Counsellors' 12. At the last stated meeting of the to the'Ery. Counsellors, in every year, there shall be ap- pointed a Committee consisting of three per- sons, to be called The Library Committee. It shall be the duty of this Committee to ex- amine into the state of the library, and report to the Counsellors, whether the regulations respecting the library have been complied with; also to report to the Society, or to the Counsellors, as the case may require, all such measures respecting the library as they may judge necessary and expedient. ORDERS. 1. On the day of the annual meeting of the Fellows of the Society, a dinner shall be provided, under the direction of the Counsellors, at the expense of the So- ciety, for such Fellows as attend the meeting. 2. An invitation to this dinner shall be given to such Professional Strangers, as the President shall think proper to notice in this manner. 3. At the meetings of the Fellows and Counsellors of the Society, the President shall not leave the chair, unless on some urgent occasion, nor speak to any question without first obtaining permission. 4. When any Fellow shall speak in a debate, he shall rise and address himself to the President. 5. If a Fellow has spoken once in any debate he shall not speak to the prevention of another, who has not spoken, and manifests a desire to speak. 6. Every Fellow, as soon as he has done speaking, shall sit down. 7. A Fellow shall not interrupt another, while speaking, unless to call him to order, or to correct a mistake. 8. A Fellow shall not speak on any subject after the question is put. 40 9. A motion shall not be considered, unless se- conded. 10. A Fellow shall not nominate more than one person for the same committee, provided the first per- son, nominated by him, be chosen. 11. A vote shall not be reconsidered, at the same meeting, by a smaller number than were present at its passing. 12. Literary gentlemen, interested in medical science, and Students in medicine, shall be publicly invited to attend to hear the annual discourse. 13. All printed publications shall be in the form of octavo. 14. The names of all those who have become Fel- lows or Licentiates, during the preceding year, shall be annually published by the Recording Secretary, at the time that notice is given of the annual meeting. 15. The qualifications of candidates for examina- tion and license shall be made public, at least once in a year, by the Recording Secretary, in such manner as he shall judge expedient. OFFICERS OF THE MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOCIETY. ELECTED IN JUNE, 1816. President. JOSHUA FISHER, M. D. Vice-President. THOMAS WELSH, M. D. Censors. DAVID TOWNSEND, M. D. AARON DEXTER, M. D. JOSIAH BARTLETT, M. D. WILLIAM SPOOLER, M. D. JAMES JACKSON, M. D. Corresponding Secretary. JOHN C. WARREN, M. D. Recording Secretary. JOHN DIXWELL, M. D. Treasurer. JOHN G. COFFIN, M. D. Librarian. JOHN GORHAM, M. D. 6 FELLOWS THE MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOCIETY. Samuel Adams, m. d. Wiscasset. *Samuel Adams, Boston. Israel Allen, Sterling. *Nathaniel W. Appleton, Boston. Moses Appletoo, Waterville. Israel Atherton, Lancaster. Samuel Adams, Bath. *Benjamin Adams, Lynnfield. Peter Adams, Stovghton. Moses Adams, Ellsworth. William Aspiowall, juii. m.d. Brookline. Joseph Alleu, Buckston. Luther Allen, Sterling. Silas Allen, Leominster. JOSIAH BARTLETT, M. S. Charlestons. John Bartlett, Roxbury. John Brooks, m. d. Medford. Benjamin Brown, Waldoborough. Hugo Burghardt, Richmond. Peter Bryant, Cummington. Stephen Batcheller, juu. Royalston. Asa Bullard, m. d. Boston. Amos Bancroft, m. d. Groton. Benjamin Billings Mansfield. Asa Bur bank, Lanesborough. William Baylies, m. d. * Thomas Babbit, ^jtAlvan Bacon, * Joshua Barker, Nathaniel Bradstreet, M. d. *OUver Brewster, J Josiah W. Brewster, William Buel, *Samuel Brown, m. d. Jesse Bigelow, ^Edmund Buxton, George Bates, m. d. Horace Beau, Josiah Batchelder, m. u. Gideon Barstow, Calvin Briggs, m. d. Philip Bryant, Moses Baker, Elliot Beckwith, Anson Bates, Thomas Bucklin, Nathaniel Bemis, m. d. Henry Bagg, Stephen Ball, Samuel Barstow, Parley Bartou, Erastus Beach, Jacob Bigelow, M. d. zj: Royal Brewster, John B. Brown, m. d. Asa Bucknam, Artemas Bullard, Ephraitn Buck, Stephen Bates, ^ Daniel Coney, jjtTlMOTHY Childs, m. d. Nehemiah Cleaveland, John G. Coffin, m. d. *Benjamin Curtis, 43 Dighton. Brookfield. Scarborough. Hingham. Newburyport. Becket. Blanford. Sheffield. Boston. Granville. Warren. Boston. Boston. Boston. Salem. Marblehead. Bridgervater. Bridgewater. Hardwick. Barre. Hopkinton. Walertorvn. Princeton. Northborough. Great Barrington. Orange. Sandisfield. Boston. ^_ Boston. Boston. Stitton. Maiden. Charlemont. Augusta. Pittsfield. Topsfield. Bbston, Boston. •John Cummings, tDavid Cobb, Abijah Che ever, JHezekiah Clark, fParker Cleaveland, fNathaniel Coffin, ^William Coffin, Charles Coffin, fRobert Cutler, fWilliam Cutler, Daniel Clark, James P. Chaplin, m. d. Daniel Collins, Henry W. Childs, *Jonathan Crane, Reuben Champion, Samuel Clarke, m. b. Walter ChauniDg, m. d. Eleazer Clap, m. d. Chester Cowles, Rufus Cowles, Isaac G. Cutler, tSAM. DANFORTH, M. E Aaron Dexter, m. d. John Dixwell, m. d. John Drury, *Simeon Dunbar, Elihu Dwight, Oliver Dean, [William Eustis, *Shirley Erving, ^ Samuel Emerson, Moses H. Elliot, Joel R. Ellis, JOSHUA FISHER, M. D Oliver Fiske, Joseph Fiske, 44 Concord. Taunton. Boston. Lanesborough. Newbury. Portland. Gloucester. Newbury. Amherst. Hardwick. North Yarmouth. Cambrulgeport. Lenox. Pittifield. Bridgewatcr. West Springfield. Boston. Boston. Boston. Granby. Amherst. Amherst. Boston. Pies. 1796—8. do. do. Marblehead. Bridgewatcr. South Hadley. Medway. Boston. Boston. Wells. Haverhill. Augusta. Beverly. Pres. 1815. Worcester. Lexington. 45 Austin Flint, Dudley Fulsome, Leicester. Gorham. Enoch Faulkner, Hamilton. Samuel Farnsvvorth, Bridgetown. Noah Fearing, Seth Field, John Field, Bridgcwater. Brookfield. Rutland, *John Fleet, m. d. Boston. Daniel Fogg, Braintree. fFrancis loxcroft, fNathaniel Freeman, Brookfield. Sandwich. *John Frink, Rutland. John Frink, Rutland. *John Flagg, Lynn. Noah Fyefield, Weymouth. James Foster Rochester. Abel Fox, m. d. Charlestown. *Josiah D. Foster, Boston. Joseph H. Flint, Petersham. Chandler Flagg, Marblehead. Thomas Foster, m. d. Cambridge. Andrew Foster, m. d. Roxbury. Joshua Frost, Springfield. Seth Fobes, Oakham. James Gardner, m. d. Lynn. Joseph Oilman, Wells. Jacob Gates, Boston. *Joseph Gardner, do. William Gamage, Cambridge. Henry Gardner, m. d. Maiden. Roland Gelston, Nantucket. John Gorham, m. d. Boston. ♦Joseph Gardner, Dorchester. William Gamage, jun. m. d. Boston. John Green, Worcester. *Jones Godfrey, Taunton. Oliver Griswold, Fryeburgh. 46 ED. A. HOLYOKE, M. E Lemuel Hay ward, m. d. Nathan Hayward,>\ij!. Abiel Hey wood, Richard Hazeltine, m. d. Amos Holbuook, m. d. Estes Howe, William Holland, Abraham Haskell, m. d. Isaac Huud, Gad Hitchcock, *Johu C. Howard, *Gad Hitchcock, fJoseph Hunt, John Hay, *Abner Hearsy, *John Homans, Jacob Holmes, •Samuel Holten, Josiah Howe, Marius Howe, fEbenezer Hunt, John Hubbard, Samuel Hemenway, John A. Hyde, Walter Hunnewell, Abraham Haskel, jun. Abiel Hall, Jacob Holmes, Joseph Huse, Joseph H. Hunt, John Hart, Abner Howe, Zadock Howe, Oliver Hubbard, David Hunt, George Hayward, m. d. William Ingalls, m. d. Salem. Pres. 1782, 84, 86. Boston. Plymouth. Concord. Berwick. Miltcn. Belchertown. do. Lunenburgh. Concord. North Yarmouth. Boston. Pembroke. Concord. Reading. Barnstable. Boston. Athol. Danvers. Templeton. Bristol. Northampton. Readfield. Salem. Freeport. Watertown. Lunenburgh. Alfred. Athol. Camden. Petersham. South-Reading. Beverly. Franklin. Salem. Northampton. Boston. Boston* \< 47 James Jackson, m. d. John Jeffries, m. d. 'Charles Jarvis, Timothy L. Jennison, David Jones, *Horatio Jones, Benjamiu James, Daniel James, ♦WM. KNEELAND, Thomas Kittredge, m. ♦Giles C. Kellogg, fThojias Kast, * Aaron Kinsman, ♦Charles Kittredge, John B. Kittredge, Jacob Kittredge, Pearson Kendall, Samuel Kingsbury, Joseph Kittredge, Ashbel Kidder, Seth Kuowlton, Isaac Lincoln, ♦John Linn, ♦Lewis Le Prelate, ♦James Lloyd, m. d. William Lamb, Jonathan Leonard, Eldad Lewis, ♦Moses Little, Abraham Lowe, ♦John Lorg, Levi Lincoln, Lemuel Lebarron, Daniel Lamb, Seth Lathi op, Boston. do. dot Cambridge. North Yarmouth. Stockbridge. Boston. Pittsfield. Cambridge. Pres. 1784 d. Andover. Hadley. Boston. Portland. Portland. Framingham. Salem. Sterling. Springfield. Andover. Sudbury. Shrewsbury. Topsham. Boston. Roxbury. „ Boston. Grafton. Sandwich. Lenox. Salem. Ashburnham. Shelburne. Hingham. Roxbury. Charltrn. West Springfield. James Mann,.M2> Ammi R. Mitchell, Wrentham. North Yarmouth. 48 Nathaniel Miller, MJD- Franklin. Ariel Mann, (V\"D HalloweU. John Merrill, m. d. Portland. ♦Samuel Ma'her, Westfield. ♦Matthew Mayhew, Edgarton. Joseph Manning, m. d. Salem. Thomas Manning, Ipswich. ♦Asa Miles, Westminster. Stephen Munroe, Sutton. •Thomas M'Carty, Worcester. Warham Mather, Northampton. Reuben D. Mussey, m d. Salem. Samuel Manning, m. d. Lancaster. Isaac Muliiken, Tonmsend. Jotham Moulton, Buxton. Caleb Miller, MT> Rehoboth. Paul R. Metcalf, Wrentham. Samuel Nye, Salisbury. Andrew Nichols, Danvers. Jonathan Newell, Stow. Nathan Noyes, Newburyport. Benj. L. Oliver, m. d. Salem. Hector Orr,»J"D. Bridgewatcr. Jonathan Osgood, Gardner. ♦Joseph Osgood, Andover. * Joseph Orne, Salem. Joseph Osgood, do. George Osgood, Andover. Cushing Otis, m. d. Scituate. George Osgood, jun. Danvers. Joseph B. Osgood, Amesbury. Benj. Page, jud. HalloweU. Thomas Pickman, Salem. Samuel Perry, New Bedford. Oliver Prescott, m. d. Newburyport. fWilliam Paine, a. m. Worcester. •James Pecker, Boston. 49 •Oliver Prescott, m. d. •Oliver Partridge, •Daniel Tierce, •Charles Pyncheon, fWilliam Porter, James Parker, Abiel Pearson, tMartin Phelps, Ebenezer H. Phelps, JCyrus Perkins, m. d. Thomas I. Parker, m. d. Amariah Preston, Samuel Prentiss, Benjamin Parker, Nathaniel Peabody, Ebenezer Poor, Jonathan Page, Charles Proctor, William Payson, Amos Parker, Edmund C. Peet, Freeman Perry, Nathaniel S. Prentiss, Nathaniel Preston, flSAAC RAND, M. D. Isaac Rand, jun. -# Abijah Richardson, ♦Isaac Rand, fThomas Rice, Tilley Rice, Daniel Rose, Peter G Robbins, John Randall, m. d. Alexander Reed, jM.T>. JJohn Revere, m. d. Dean Robinson, William Spooner, m. d. Daniel Shute, 7 Grototti Slockbridge. Kittery. Springfield. Hadley. Gardiner. Andover. Chester. Charlton. Hanover. Boston. Bedford. Bernardstonm. Bradford. Salem. East Andover. Brunswick. Westford. Foxborough. ' Bolton. New Marlborough. Fairhaven. Roxbury. Sheffield. Boston. Pres. 1798—1804, Boston. Medway. Cambridge. Wiscasset. Brookfield. New Mitford. Lynn. Boston. New Bedford* Baltimore. Netvbury. Boston. Hingham; 50 Benjamin Shurtleff, m. d. Boston. John Stockbridge, Bath. William Sheldon, Springfield. Enos Smith, Ashfield. ♦Micajah Sawyer, m. d. Newburyport. Peter Snow, Fitchburg. Jonathan Sibley, Union. ♦Nathaniel Saltonstall, Haverhill. Samuel Savage, m. d. Barnstable. Charles L. Segar, Northampton. Remembrance Sheldon, Williamstown. •Amos Spoffbrd, Rowley. fEzra Starkweather, Worthington. John Stone, Greenfield. Foster Swift, Boston. *John B. Swett, Newburyport. *John Sprague, m. d. Dedham. •Charles Stockbridge, m. d. Scituate. *John Swett, York. *Elisha Story, Marblehcad. tErastus Sargeant, m. d, Stockbridge. f Marshall Spring, m. d. Watertown. Moses D. Spofford, Rowley. Ebenezer Starr, Newton. John Scammel, Bellinghatn. William Stone, Greenwich. Issachar Snell, Winlhrop. Jonathan Shearer, Palmer. George C. Shattuck, m. d. Boston. Lawrence Sprague, Newburyport. Jeremy Stimpson, Hopkinton. Thomas Sewall, m. d. Ipswich. Daniel Swan, Brighton. Ephrain; Stone, Harvard. Alpheus F. Stone, Greenfield. Daniel Stone, Sharon. Nathaniel Swift, Andover. Richard C. Shannon, Saco. •COTTON TUFTS, M. D. James Thacher, /W^ David Townhend, m. d. John D. Tread well, m. d. Calvin Thomas, Thomas Thaxter, Robert Thaxter. m. d. •Philip Theobold, Abraham R. Thompson, Joseph Torrey, •William Towner, •Simon Tufts, Gridley Thaxter, Joshua Thomas, m. d. Grosvenor Tarbell, Philip E. Theobold, Daniel Thurber, Calvin Tilden, Enoch S. Tappan, ♦John Vanhorn, Francis Vergnies, ♦JOHN WARREN, m. d. John C. Warren, m. d. Thomas Welsh, m. d. Israel Whiton, Rufus Wyman, m. d. John Walton, m. d. ♦George Ware, JRichard Wells, jHenry Wells, •Elisha Whitney, William S. Williams, •Thomas Williams, Tapley Wyeth, ♦Joseph Whipple, ♦William Whiting, fBenjamiu Waterhouse, m. d. 51 < Weymouth. Pres. 1787—1795. Plymouth. Boston. Salem. Tyngsborough. Hingham. Dorchester. Dresden. Charlestown. Salem. WiUiamstown. Medford. Abington. Boston. Lincoln. Wiscasset. Mendon. Yarmouth. Augusta. West Springfield. Newburyport. Boston. Pres. 1804—1815. do. do. Winchendon. Chelmsford. Pepperell. Dighton. Conway. Montague. Beverly. Deerfield. Roxbury. Sherburne. Boston. Great Barringtm. Cambridge. 52 Charles W. Winship, m. d. Roxbury. Sylvester Woodbridge, Southampton. Elias Weld, Haverhill. Timothy Wellington, m. d. West Cambridge. Silas Wbeelock, Shrewsbury. •Isaac Warren, Charlestown. Charles Worthington, Lenox. John Williams, Cambridgeport. Samuel Weed, Portland. Noah Whitman, jun. Al.3. Bridgewatcr. Jonathan Wild, jun. Braintree. Daniel Wardwell, Marblehead. Samuel Young, Harvard. 53 HONORARY MEMBERS. Pardon Bowen, m. d. Mason F. Cogswell, m. n. Astley Cooper, Esq. f. r. s. Ammi R. Cutter, m. d. Manassah Cutler, a. m. Andrew Duncan, m. d. John R. Farre, m. d. John Feron, m. d. *Lemuel Hopkins, a. m. David Hosack, m. d. f. r. s. George Jones, m. d. •John Jones, m. d. Adam Kuhn, m. d. John C. Lettsom, m. d, •Charles McKnight, m. d. •Edward Miller, m. d. •John Morgan, m. d. John Osborne, m. d. •Benjamin Rush, m. d. •WTilliam Shippeu, m. d. •Isaac Senter, m. d. Nathan Smith, m. d. Samuel Tenney, m. d. Benjamin Vaughan, ll. d. Elias Willard, a. m. Caspar Wistar, m. d. •Edward Wyer, a. m. Providence, R I. Hartford, Conn. London, G. B. Portsmouth, N. H. Hamilton, Ms. Edinburgh, Scotland. London, G. B. Lisle, France. Hartford, Conn. New York, N. Y. Savanah, Geo. New York, N. Y. Philadelphia, Penn. London, G. B. New York, N. Y. New York, N. Y. Philadelphia, Penn. Middleton, Conn. Philadelphia, Penn. do. Newport, R. I. Hanover, N. H. Exeter, N. H. Hallowell, Mass. Albany, N. Y. Philadelphia, Penn. Cambridge, Mass. Note. The names of the Counsellors are designated hy small capitals. An * ia prefixed to the names of those who are deceased; a f to those of fellows who have retired from the soeiety; a * to the names of those who have removed from the state. .31 LICENTIATES, WHO HAVE NOT YET BECOME FELLOWS. Daniel Berry, Caleb Boutelle, Jonathan Newell, Daniel Cook, Benjamin Skelton, Joseph Lovell, m. d. Augustus Lemosy, Ebenezer Dale, Benjamin Clap, Daniel Oliver, M. d. John M. Brewster, Roswell P. Hayes, William Ballard, jun. Ebenezer Dawes, Joseph Stone, Peter St. Medard, Joseph H. Flint, Samuel R. Trevett, m. d. Benjamin Burge, m. d. Francis More, m. d. Thomas Stearns, m. d. William Swift, m. d. Silas West, Paul L. Nichols, Usher Parsons, Benjamin Reed, William Stone, Rufus Kiltredge, Daniel Kellogg, jun. George Parkmau, m. d. Ebenezer Ames, John Proctor, Charles Chase, Benjamin Pond, Abner Phelps, m. d. Alexander Hatch, Ebenezer Knight, Ezekiel D. Cushing, m. b. Jeremy Stimpson, a. m. Israel Hildreth, Ebenezer Dearborn, Ebenezer Alden, m. d. Theodore Dexter, John Homans, m. d. Williams Bradford, m. d. John Andrews, 2d. Cleveland Buck, Erastus Ilawkes, John Osgood, Ebenezer Phelps, Daniel Shute, jun. Ezekiel H. Fletcher, Oliver Scripture. el. ■ iHiil mM ".-"": .';■;: feli T-JiH; lii;;; Iff! wflo HiuKKBjjji |§ff§l