SURVEY OF EFFECTIVENESS OF ASF TRAINED MEDICAL 
DEPARTMENT UNITS AND PERSONNEL IN SWPA AND POA 
Page 
GENERAL 
1. UNITS VISITED 
a. General Hospitals. .. 2 
b. Station Hospitals 5 
c. Field Hospitals . 6 
d. Evacuation Hospitals 7 
e. Portable Surgical Hospitals. . . 7 
f. Line Units 7 
g. Malaria Control and Survey Units. 8 
h. Medical Supply Units 9 
i. General Medical Laboratory 10 
j. Sanitary Companies 10 
k. Medical Ambulance Companies. 10 
2. HEALTH OF TROOPS 11 
3. SUPPLIES 12 
4. PERSONNEL 13 
TRAINING 
1. EVACUATION 13 
2. TRAINING PROGRAM 18 
3. DEFICIENCIES 20 
4. ACTIONS TO CORRECT TRAINING DEFICIENCIES 23 
OTHER ACTIVITIES 
1. MOVING PICTURE COVERAGE OF PROFESSIONAL 
SUBJECTS 28 
2. SIGNAL CORPS COVERAGE OF MEDICAL ACTIVITIES. ... 29 
3. MEDICAL TRAINING OF THE PHILIPPINE ARMY 29 
4. SURVEY OF OPINIONS 30 
RECOMMENDATIONS 30 TAB SECTION 
HEADQUARTERS, UNITS, AND SPECIAL OFFICES 
VISITED TAB A 
SURVEY OF OPINIONS, HEADQUARTERS, UNITS AND 
HOSPITALS IN COMMUNICATIONS ZONE TAB B 
OPINIONS, COMMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS MADE BY 
OFFICERS IN HOSPITAL UNITS TAB C 
SURVEY OF OPINIONS, HEADQUARTERS, TACTICAL UNITS 
AND HOSPITALS IN COMBAT ZONE TAB D 
PERSONNEL SHORTAGES, HOSPITAL AND OTHER MEDICAL 
UNITS TAB E 
% TRAINED ENLISTED MEN, MRTC AND ETS IN HOSPITAL 
UNITS TAB F 
HISTORY OF UNITS TAB G 
ACTIVATION TO POE 
ACTIVATION TO COMMITMENT 
ACTIVATION TO PRESENT (AGE OF UNIT) 
MUSEUM AND MEDICAL ARTS DETACHMENTS TAB H 
SURVEY OF THE MEDICAL SERVICE OF THE PHILIPPINE 
ARMY AND SUGGESTED PLAN FOR THE TRAINING OF 
PERSONNEL TAB I In compliance with letter order dated 28 February 1945, 
Colonel Floyd L. Wergeland, MG, 010599 and Lieut. Colonel 
Robert J. Moorhead, MC, 0350769, left Washington 6 March 1945 
for period of temporary duty in the Pacific Ocean Area and 
Southwest Pacific Area. These two officers returned to Washington 
on 3 June 1945* The purpose of the temporary duty was to ascertain 
the deficiencies in training of the personnel previously sent from 
the United States to these two areas and to obtain information and 
impressions upon which to base a revision of training doctrine and 
training programs necessary in the redeployment of medical units 
and personnel from the European and Mediterranean Theaters. 
GENERAL 
This report is based upon information gained from headquarters, 
medical units, and personnel visited at Hawaii, Guadalcanal, Espiritu Santo, 
New Caledonia, Australia, British and Dutch New Guinea, Moratai, Luzon, 
Leyte, Mindanao, Saipan, Tinian and Guam. Troops were seen in combat 
only in the Philippines. (See TAB A). 
It can be said without fear of contradiction that, with the means 
available, the medical units in the Pacific theaters (POA and S¥/PA) have 
performed magnificently. The basic medical soldiers, the enlisted technicians, 
the front line medics, and the utility men with medical units all share 
equally with the professional officer personnel in the successful care of 
the sick and injured. Commanding Generals of combat troops said their 
worries would practically disappear, if fill the troops performed with the 
devotion and efficiency of the medics. 
The frankness which is to follow in this report is considered essential 
for clarity and for the proper forewarning of the medical units and personnel 
either on their way or soon to be ordered to the Pacific theaters, and is 
not in anyway intended to convey the impression that the job has not been 
well done. How else can improvement occur without facts - pro and con? 
1. Units Visited. 
A total of approximately 240 units, headquarters and special 
offices were seen in the two theaters. (See TAB A). All types of units 
in various stages of activity were visited in an effort to obtain as 
complete information as possible on the training and employment of medical 
personnel. An attempt was made to visit every medical unit available at 
each base including those that were staging, staging with its personnel performing duties other than medical; those actively engaged in the 
performance of their particular missions; and, those busily engaged in 
setting up their installations and at the same time receiving increasing 
numbers of patients. See TAES B, C and D for a compilation of the comments 
and opinions of the commanders of the units, headquarters and special 
offices visited. 
a. General Hospitals. 
(l) Thirty-five U.S, Array general hospitals (1000 - 3000 bed 
capacity) were seen. The most outstanding of the deficiencies complained 
of by these installations was the lack of utility personnel and equipment 
to perform their overall mission. To function efficiently in the theaters 
these large medical units must be as self sufficient as possible. This 
can be accomplished in one of 2 ways: 
(a) Include in the T/O & E the personnel and equipment, 
including nonmedical items, essential for functioning in such a manner. At 
present, this personnel is all but impossible to obtain. The necessary 
equipment that is finally obtained is only gotten after the most concentrated 
effort on the part of base surgeons and hospital commanders, 
(b) By making the ’’service teams”, designed to perform 
such duties, available to the units at all times. 
To understand the injustice placed upon hospital 
personnel (indirectly the patients) who are required to establish their 
own hospitals, one need but see the various medical specialists (surgeons, 
internists, laboratory men, roentgenologists, dentists, and the like) with 
their trained professional technicians pouring concrete, digging drainage 
ditches, building mess halls and operating rooms, assembling and installing 
heavy equipment — in shifts because at the same time they must accept and 
treat patients. A great many of these specialists are between 35 and 50 
years of age. They cannot be easily replaced but the hospital must function 
24. hours each day. These people believe, and it certainly seems justifiable, 
that one of the worse mistakes made by the War Department was reducing 
personnel in their units then failing to furnish the service teams (finance, 
signal, guard, postal, laundry, engineer, sanitary, etc). The functions 
did not stop with the reduction in personnel. The hospitals were, therefore, 
forced to take technicians from other essential assignments and place them 
in these jobs for which they were not trained or qualified. What happens 
to the care of patients in one of the clinics or on a surgical service or 
in a ward filled with cases of skin diseases where each patient requires 
individual care when the calculated minimum of technicians to do this 
work is further reduced? To be forced to take enlisted specialists, 
trained in limited quantities to fill scarce category jobs, and put them 
into jobs for which they are not trained or in jobs that can efficiently 
be performed by basics seems only to result in inefficiency in both functions. It is almost impossible for the commanding officer 
to do justice to an institution of more than 1000 to 1500 beds. Several 
hospitals larger than this were observed and found to be excellent but the 
commanders of these were selected, superior, well informed men in the 
operation of army units. They could not, however, physically see their 
complete installation more than once in 7 days and continue to perform the 
required administrative duties of the hospital. Such units are unweildy. 
The commanding officer is actually the "mayor" of a "small town". 
Several of the hospitals seen had well planned and 
controlled convalescent programs in operation. Two of the convalescent 
centers were made possible through the splendid cooperation of the Air 
Corps, In these convalescent sections there .were such athletic facilities 
as bowling alleys (smooth soft balls were soaked to increase their weight 
and the bowling alley and wooden pins ware made by the convalescent 
patients), miniature golf courses, swimming pools, volley ball courts, 
and baseball diamonds. Woodcraft and hobby-lobby shops and gymnasiums 
were, also, available. In one gymnasium the following were improvised: 
weights for weight lifting, horizontal bars, parallel bars, horse, buck, 
overhead ladder, shoulder wheel, finger ladder and dumbbells. In the 
carefully planned program of the unit, graphs were kept on all men so that 
not only could the progress of the patient be checked but the patient could 
compare his response to that of others having similar injuries, 
(2) A Naval base hospital (1000 beds), located in New Guinea, 
was visited. The entire hospital was in insulated quonset huts and it was 
very comfortable as compared to the Army hospitals at the same base. 
The outstanding features of the hospital were a swimming 
pool, a water container which held twice the maximum capacity necessary 
for the hospital, and abundant kitchen equipment. The hospital had 8,000 
cu, ft. of reefer space, four 75 K.V. generators, dish washing machines, 
ice cream and ice machines, and other labor saving devices for the 
kitchen. The hospital had its own laundry located in the hospital area. 
To see and visit this hospital would convince anyone 
that the Army should have adopted the quonset huts for its hospitals. 
The only suggestion the Commanding Officer could make 
for improvement of the quonset hut was that the floor for the shower and 
toilet should be concrete or some other stable material rather than plywood. 
It was suggested that a bed frame be designed which 
contains in the construction a sliding or swinging "arm" to serve as the 
bedside table. This would not increase the shipping space nor the shipping 
weight appreciably yet the bedside table would always be present. 
There were in this hospital quite a number of medical 
corpsmen being taught aseptic technic, how to give intravenouses and how 
to change dressings. The on-the-job instructors were nurses. The medical 
corpsmen had just arrived in the theater from the naval schools in the States and were getting additional parallel training before being sent on 
new assignments. 
(3) The 2ND/5TH Australian General Hospital (1200 beds) was 
visited only a few days after it had begun to receive patients and before 
the entire equipment had been assembled. 
The following information will permit a comparison with 
the U, S. Army general hospital, 
(a) The personnel for this hospital totals 550 of which 
250 are females. There are 51 officers (male and female) of which 28 are 
doctors. There are 120 nurses, 271 enlisted men, and 108 enlisted women. 
The commanding officer does not like the idea of 
the females being in the unit. The enlisted men all dislike the females 
being in the unit and have a feeling that they are intruding, 
(b) There are attached to the hospital 7 officers, 1 
W.0,, 128 enlisted men, 15 enlisted women plus Red Cross personnel and 
an outside platoon of infantry as follows; 
(1) A laundry unit (l officer and 65 other ranks), 
(2) A pay call (finance) unit (l Warrant Officer, 
2 NCOs). 
(3) Postal unit (l Sgt, 1 Corporal, and 1 Private), 
(4) Dental unit (l officer and 2 NCOs), 
(5) Maxillo-facial unit (2 officers, 3 other ranks, 
A dental surgeon is, also, in the unit). 
(6) Blood transfusion unit (3 officers (l female), 
5 male other ranks and 15 enlisted females), 
(7) An outside platoon of infantry is furnished to 
guard the nurses and enlisted women, 
(8) Red Cross personnel includes 1 male, 4 females, 
2 drivers, and 1 orderly, (Red Cross confines 
efforts to the comfort of the patient not to 
all enlisted men as is done in the U, S, Array), 
(9) There is a carpenter, a butcher, 3 female 
telephonists (switchboard operators), 2 motor 
mechanics, 1 boiler attendant, 1 hairdresser, 
11 regimental police (for traffic control), 1 
plumber, and 1 boot maker* (c) The tentage for the hospital is in sections and has 
a lining. The lining renders the tent much cooler than the U, S. Array tent 
and the pale green color of the lining helps in lighting the tent. 
(d) The quality of the professional equipment seen is 
not as good as that in the U. S. Army hospitals. In the kitchen the 
Australian hospital uses the Weils cooker almost entirely. These cookers 
were parked under a shed near the mess supplies. The cooks were male but 
the dietition was female, 
(e) Most of the personnel seen performing functions 
comparable to the male enlisted technicians of the U, S, Army hospital 
units were females. 
(f) The Commanding Officer sees all patients before they 
are discharged. Those that are ambulatory are lined up in formation and 
the others, when shipping space becomes available, will be seen in a 
disposition ward. He checks the disposition sheets and makes sure of the 
identification of the persons leaving the hospital. 
(4) Personnel of the First Philippine General Hospital 
(1000 beds) was observed while in parallel (on-the-job) training with a 
U, S, Army hospital. Generally speaking, the Philippine nurses seemed to 
have had proportionately better training than had the Philippine doctors. 
However, it was learned that the Japanese would not permit the Philippine 
doctors to practice medicine and this might explain their apparent lack in 
training. The Philippine soldiers were interested in the work and were 
classed as excellent students by the American technicians, doctors and 
nurses. The Philippine Hospital personnel was happy to work with the 
American equipment and facilities. 
b. Station Hospitals, 
Forty-three station hospitals (50-750 beds) were seen and the 
remarks under general hospitals apply, almost without exception, to the 
500 and 750 bed station hospitals. 
The station hospital commanders and nearly all of the executive 
officers recommended that the executive officer be an M.G. not an MG, 
When the commanding officer is absent for any reason, the executive officer 
should represent him or take over the unit in case of transfer of the 
commanding officer. An MAC executive officer does not work satisfactorily 
for several reasons. The MAC has more rank than most of the professional 
personnel who know more about how a hospital should be operated. The 
educational, training of the MAC seldom can compare with the high type 
training of the M.G. Almost without exception the MCs are years older 
than the MAGs. As a result of all this and in an effort to maintain harmony, 
the commanding officers have shouldered more work in an attempt to minimize 
the very important job of executive officer. The executive officer has actually become another adjutant. The seriousness of this situation 
rests in the fact that there is no trained individual in the unit who 
can take over the unit when the commanding officer leaves. The chiefs of 
surgery, or medicine, or X-ray are usually the senior Medical Corps officers 
who "inherit” the job. They have not had time for training in the job of 
commanding officer - the executive officer has been the only man in a 
position to know what has been going on in the "front office". In addition, 
the sudden loss of the chief of one of these services means inefficiency 
in the professional care of the patients. 
A considerable proportion of these units preferred to have 
trained male enlisted technicians to female nurses. So far, in the 
operations of the SWPA, the station hospitals have been moved about like 
the field hospitals. The nurses have often been on detached service to 
other units while their hospital is going in early on an operation. After 
the situation has quieted the nurses are sent in to the unit to "take 
over" from the technicians who have, not only done their usual duties, but 
also, those the nurses would ordinarilly do. Thus, when the nurses move 
in, the morale of the enlisted element immediately hits bottom. 
One 250 bed station hospital which was functioning as a 
special neuropsychiatric hospital was seen. The enlisted technicians had 
been trained in cars of neuropsychiatric cases for the past IB months. The 
hospital treated 2000 NP cases while in New Guinea and, since in the 
Philippines has had 1600 admissions with a peak load of about 500. There 
were 350 patients in the hospital the day the undersigned visited it. The 
average length of hospitalization was 11 days. The patients are transferred 
from general and station hospitals on the base. Intensive therapy is 
instituted at the hospital and about 8O/0 of all admissions are returned to 
duty (70% of psychoneurotics and 95% of adult maladjustments). No psychotics 
are treated in the hospital. Such a hospital as this needs at least 10 more 
trained enlisted technicians including highly trained occupational therapy 
technicians. This particular hospital is used for training medical officers 
in neuropsychiatry. 
£. Field Hospitals. (4-00 bed) 
Eighteen field hospitals were seen in all stages of activity 
and performing the most varied duties of the hospital, units. In all 
instances, the hospitalization units were together. This included those 
field hospitals that ware augmented by addition of surgical teams from 
rear area general hospitals. One such unit had treated approximately 9000 
patients in the 4 months prior to our visit. There were about 900 patients 
in the hospital, the day of our visit but the peak load for this unit had 
been 1250 patients. Of 200 enlisted men, 16B had MRTC training and 32 had 
been trained in Enlisted Technician Schools. One hundred ninety-two of 
the original enlisted men were still with the unit which was activated in 
the fall of 1942 and has been overseas two ye airs. The personnel of these units recommend that the female nurses 
be replaced with well trained enlisted men. The unit commanders of these 
units to be redeployed should be advised to functionally pack their equip- 
ment, prepare an SOP for the unit to function as a station hospital, an 
evacuation hospital, as separate hospitalization units, and as a complete 
field hospital. They must have plans for taking care of more than 400 
patients. Personnel in the unit must know how to use weapons and to 
establish a strong perimeter defense. The field hospital cannot move as 
a unit without the addition of from 50 to 56 trucks. Several of the 
commanders recommended that all field hospitals be reorganized as 400 bed 
evacuation hospitals. 
Field hospitals were seen being used as V.D., NP, evacuation, 
and station hospitals. 
d. Evacuation Hospitals, 
Eleven evacuation hospitals were visited, 8 of which were 
4-00 bed units. The 750 bed units were used like large station or general 
hospitals. As an example, a 750 bed evacuation just south of Manila was 
talcing care of 2000 patients. The 4-00 bed evacuation hospitals were the 
least altered of all the hospital units in the theaters. It is imperative 
that the enlisted technicians in these units be well trained to work as 
teams with the surgeons. Each of the commanders recommended that the 
•enlisted technicians all have Enlisted Technician School training and 
that the hospital actually set up in tents, tear down, move and set up 
again and again during the training program. The majority opinion of 
the hospital commanders and others concerned with its use and employment 
is that the female nurses be replaced with well trained enlisted technicians 
because of the administrative difficulties connected with the use of 
nurses in addition to the fact that the nurses cannot accompany the unit 
on amphibious operations. 
e. Portable Surgical Hospitals. 
Of the eight such hospitals seen all expressed need for an 
administrative officer and additional transportation facilities. The 
majority opinion is that this unit served a very definite purpose in 
certain jungle operations but that it has now, as such, outlived its 
usefulness. In its place there should be surgical teams without the 
administrative requirements of the portable surgical hospital. Several of 
those hospitals were used to support the clearing stations of the division 
as surgical teams. 
f. Line Units, 
To understand the medical problems confronting the line units, 
eleven infantry divisions, one cavalry and one airborne division as well 
as hospitals in the combat zone supporting them were visited. (See TAB D) Battalion aid stations, regimental aid stations, collecting stations and 
clearing stations were observed while they were in operation. On several 
occasions the visiting officers were in advance of the aid stations visiting 
infantry company officers and infantry battalion commanders. Company 
aid men and litter bearers of units actively engaged in combat were observed 
while performing their missions. Other front line Medics” (enlisted men) 
were seen, in daylight and under blackout conditions, transporting 
casualties, bandaging the wounded, splinting fractures, giving medications, 
plasma and whole blood, giving anaesthetics and assisting the surgeons in 
operations. In clearing stations, throughout several nights, enlisted 
technicians were observed performing such duties. The patients were 
arriving with such severe injuries and in such numbers that it was not 
possible for the technicians or doctors to rest throughout the night. These 
enlisted men not only know their jobs but their endurance and unselfish 
devotion to the injured "buddy” is a sight to behold. The clock like 
precision in these teams of surgeons and plain kids from your neighborhood 
who never wished to be in the "medics" and who do not intend to stay in 
the profession after final victory is a tribute to all who have participated 
in the training of them. The coolness with which the aid men and litter 
bearers go out on assignment would serve to comfort any man in his outfit. 
We asked riflemen what they thought of the aid men and other medics in 
their outfit and the answer from one was, "Those boys are jewels. I 
wouldn't go up there without them, I'd desert first," Another said, "How 
can you lose, with guys like them?"; another even said, "Say, Colonel, why 
don't you get these medics combat pay? They deserve it," The division 
commanders are just as proud of their medics as the riflemen. The most 
pleasant and encouraging part of this temporary duty was the time spent 
with these line outfits. 
g, Malaria control and survey units. 
All but 2 of the commanding officers of the seventeen such 
units seen recommended that the malaria control and survey units be combined 
into one unit in the ratio of 1 survey to 2 control units. Since the units 
were usually present in this ratio on a base, it was considered that their 
missions would be more easily accomplished if under the same control. Such 
a unit could cover from 15*20 square miles depending upon the terrain. 
Based upon experience, the control unit must have the assistance 
of a sanitary company or its equivalent in native or prisoner of war help to 
perform its mission. It should, also, have an air borne bulldozer and 
a dragline with personnel trained to operate and maintain them, A mounted 
power sprayer with spare parts, hay knives, "potato" hooks, shop and 2nd 
echelon maintenance tools, and additional files for sharpening shovels, 
picks, etc,, would permit more efficient operation, A good transit operator 
is essential. There are eight vehicles allowed this unit but there are 
only three drivers. The malaria survey unit should have a hectograph for essential 
map work, many more slide boxes, and waterproof chests for the protection 
of microscopes and other equipment. The parasitologist in most of the 
survey units seems to be surplus since the parasitologist of the nearby 
general laboratory or general hospital could supply the needs. 
The following measures have been used to accomplish the 
excellent control of malaria seen in statistics from such places as 
Guadalcanal, Espiritu Santo, New Guinea and Moratai; Thorough surveying, 
drainage, oiling and spraying, bed net and clothing discipline, atabrini- 
zation of troops (by roster), atabrinization of natives living within 
2 miles of American troops, using adequate amounts of DDT in troop area 
and in native areas adjoining the troops, strict unit malaria control 
measures (checked frequently by malaria survey personnel under control 
of bass malariologist), and judicious closing in of area perimeter when 
troops are moved out. Airplane spraying of DDT is a most important measure 
in the control of flies as well as mosquitoes. 
Based upon the duties these units are performing, the 
training program for them should be more inclusive. For example, it should 
include instruction in the control of flies, other mosquito borne diseases 
(dengue and filiariasis), and diseases spread by other insects and parasites 
(scrub typhus, schistosomiasis, etc,). It has been suggested that the 
title and mission of these units be changed to more closely conform with 
their functions. 
h. Medical Supply Units, 
The depots were all busily engaged in constructing pallets 
and palletizing their supplies. Pallets should have been considered for 
inclusion in the T/E of these units as should fork lifts which are 
absolutely essential in warehousing. Personnel trained in palletizing 
and in operation and maintenance of fork lifts should have been furnished 
these units. These units often operate over wide areas with platoons in 
each of several locations, thus, more trained cooks and auto-mechanics 
should be in the T/O. Because the depot must operate 24 hours each day 
there is a need for suitable generators. 
Enormous quantities of medical supplies were not protected 
from the weather — not even by tarpaulins. Large quonset huts, as used 
by the Navy and, by the Army on several bases in the Pacific, should be 
adopted for quick construction and readiness before moving in the supplies. 
If a standard construction of this sort could be adopted, personnel could 
be trained more efficiently and the supply, storage and issue problems much 
lessened, as well as supplies saved from useless waste and disintegration. 
The units could operate more efficiently if more of its vehicles 
were ton trucks. Two ton trucks are required to equal the accomplish- 
ment of one ton truck. It is recommended that consideration be given to furnishing ton trucks with removable sides so pallets can be loaded 
directly with the fork lifts. Power driven saws, so essential in con- 
structing crates for supplies, are not on the T/E and are not often avail- 
able to these units. 
The optical repair teams, seen on this trip, were all at 
medical supply depots. Both the teams and depots recommend that the team 
be an integral part of the T/O & E of the depot. 
i. General medical laboratory. 
These units are so staffed and equipped that the only hindrance 
to the performance of their mission is local variation in administration 
and cooperation. It was suggested, however, that the Veterinary officer 
be replaced with a good sanitary engineer since the functions of the 
veterinarian could be and should be performed by the bacteriologist already 
available to the unit. All officers to be assigned to general medical 
laboratories in these theaters should have attended a tropical disease 
school. The parasitologist is a most important officer in this unit. Several 
of the units pointed out that the Museum and Medical Arts Detachments are 
not doing that which is expected of them. 
, It was evident that on several Army bases full use was not made 
of the laboratories. Problems were either left unsolved or were sent to 
general hospital laboratories. 
Sanitary companies. 
The following details have been performed by these units: 
(l) rat extermination work, (2) police details for medical staging areas, 
(3) medical depot details, (4) hospital construction work, ($) malaria 
control work, (6) "landscaping" details, (7) to install sanitary appliances 
and to dig garbage pits and latrines for general hospitals, (8) assist 
in maintenance of sanitarv appliances, hospital wards and clinics, (9) labor 
details on docks, and (10) to operate the mess and do police details for 
all units in a large staging area for hospital units. 
These units prefer to have assignments with hospital units 
and should have a large percent of their personnel qualified to do utility 
work. 
k. Medical ambulance companies. 
These units need physically fit men. The only limited service 
men that can be used are those whose disabilities do not affect driving 
ability. All the members of the unit must be drivers and capable of maintaining their vehicles. They must know first aid and have had training 
in use of small arms. No improvisations have been found necessary* 
One unit gave the following interesting statistics for the 
past months. The average distance travelled per patient was 3.33 miles* 
The longest haul was 30 miles. 1500 patients was the maximum haul in 
one day, A total of 4.8,796 patients were carried 216,288 miles. There 
were 65 ambulances and 5 other vehicles in the motor pool of this unit. 
i* Detachments, hospital ships, separate units and offices. 
In addition to the above units, 13 medical detachments, 
4- hospital ships, and six separate, medical units were seen. The 2 Theater 
Surgeons, 3 deputy surgeons, 2 Army surgeons, 3 corps surgeons, 16 base 
surgeons, and the Chief of Staff, Philippine Array were consulted on medical 
training matters. Because of their relation to Medical Department training 
activities a replacement depot, theater Adjutant Office, two 
training centers, a film equipage and exchange, and an officer candidate 
school were visited. 
2. Health of Troops. 
The low malaria rate is the result of excellent malaria control 
measures and is the reward for the splendid efforts of malaria control 
officers, malaria control and survey units. Not only was there a marked 
absence of mosquitoes but also of other insect peats in the areas occupied 
by American troops on Guadalcanal, Espiritu Santo, New Guinea and Moratai, 
However, in these areas, troops were continuing to observe malaria control 
measures. Malaria control and survey units were continuing their efforts 
and the areas were being sprayed with DDT at regular intervals. Plies 
were still a major problem with most front line units. In some instances 
this was due to an absence of sanitary discipline, in others, to poor 
sanitary discipline and the presence of carabaos and small native villages 
in the area. As would be expected, the sanitary precautions were much 
better around the medical units, however, several hospital installations 
were cautioned about their sanitary measures. 
The very high venereal disease rate in the Philippines could be 
partially explained by sexual promiscuity, partially by the fact that 
troops in New Guinea had not been 11 pounded" with v.d. prevention thus, 
the importance of precautionary measures were not fresh in their minds, 
and partially by the fact that the troops have gained the impression that 
penicillin "answers all problems". The common expression was, "Why 
bother when penicillin will cure you in a day or so?" Graphic training aids (posters and charts) presenting preventive 
measures for certain diseases and health problems were seen throughout the 
theater. Some of these graphic training aids were produced in the theater 
and some were produced by the War Department in Washington. The urgent 
need for more of these graphic training aids was indicated. 
The American troops appeared well nourished. They do not like 
dehydrated foods, detesting most of all the dehydrated potatoes and eggs. 
The food varied in palatability with the units visited. Mess personnel 
in some units was able to make the dehydrated foods quite palatable with 
the result that all personnel in the unit was much happier. Fresh fruits 
and vegetables were very rare in certain areas and were well received when 
available. The troops were beginning to buy food in the restaurants in 
the Philippines against the advice of the medical authorities. The 
natives have bean known to soak melons in water to increase their weight 
and American troops did not hesitate to pay enormous prices for melons 
and other fruits. It was not an unfamiliar sight to see a native Philippine 
just off the highway depositing human waste. He makes no effort to hide 
himself nor to cover up his waste. 
NP and skin diseases were the principle reasons for loss of 
personnel to the medical units. It is not difficult to understand the 
mental attitude of troops who have been stationed in New Guinea, Guadalcanal, 
Espiritu Santo, and Moratai for long periods. There the individual must 
not only tolerate the heat and humidity of the jungles but he must continually 
fight the inestimable effect of loneliness. Over a period of time this 
certainly will not result in a very enthusiastic attitude toward continuing 
to tolerate it. 
3. Supplies. (See TABS A, B, G AND D) 
The supply of professional equipment by the Army has been reported 
as satisfactory, subject of course to individual suggestions for variances 
and improvement. There is, however, a marked need for equipment and 
supplies necessary for the operation of medical installations. Some are 
Medical Department items but many are not. Although one can easily identify 
those installations which have been built by the Engineers, the Medical 
Department personnel has done a fair job in building its hospital install- 
ations with lumber and prefabricated material, concrete and other materials 
obtained from various places by various means and with equipment bargained or 
bartered for on a temporary or semi-permanent basis. The units which were 
a little more fortunate obtained invaluable assistance from the Navy and 
the Air Corps, Hospitals were visited in which patients were being received 
in increasing numbers yet the hospital personnel was rushing construction 
on the rest of the hospital. The hospital units were forced by such 
situations as this to disassemble all improvised expedients, water pipes, 
drainage pipes, and electrical wiring when moving to assure themselves a little less difficulty at the next station. Non-medical equipment is most 
difficult to obtain and the priority for hospital construction has been 
so low that hospital personnel has been forced to build their own install- 
ations while the air strips, roads and docks are being constructed. This 
the hospitals did by scrounging and begging assistance from any and all 
sources. The medical profession will not fail the sick and injuredl In 
recent T/0 changes personnel was taken away from hospitals and certain 
teams such as finance, signal, guard, postal, laundry, engineer, sanitary, 
etc., were planned to assist the hospitals but they have not been furnished 
almost without exception. The need for such help continued, therefore, 
the hospitals were forced to take technicians from other essential assign- 
ments and place them in these jobs. Hospital installations have been 
set up for operating and have functioned rather well not because of 
assistance rendered them but in spite of all handicaps. 
4« Personnel. (See TAB E) 
Medical units are not only operating short of T/0 strength but 
are operating with personnel transferred to them from the line and other 
services. This personnel has not had medical training. At the same 
time, trained Medical Department personnel are being transferred to other 
services. 
In visiting some of the front line units medical officers were 
seen in battalion aid stations who were over 40 years of age, whereas 
assigned to rear echelon installations there were large numbers of young 
medical officers some of whom had just completed medical school. In one 
instance a medical officer 28 years of age was the chief of the urological 
service of a large hospital. With situations of this type existing one 
can but agree with the front line units in their complaints that the 
younger men are "getting the breaks". The younger men should be sent to 
the combat units because they are better suited physically to stand the 
rigors of such an assignment. On the other hand, the older, more 
experienced men are more suited for duty in the hospital installations. 
TRAINING 
Sixty-five percent of the enlisted cadre of all the hospital units 
in the Southwest Pacific Area and Pacific Ocean Area Theaters had received 
medical basic training at ASFTCs. Seventy-one and eight-tenths percent 
of the authorized enlisted technicians of all these hospitals were trained 
in Medical Department Enlisted Technician Schools, (See TABS F and G). 
1. Evacuation. 
In the Philippines casualties are evacuated between the islands, 
and from the islands to the continent by air and by ship. Evacuation on 
the island (intra-island) is accomplished by litter, ambulance, and air. a. Litter. 
In all but rare instances the casualty is transported by 
litter from the point of injury to the battalion aid station. The litter 
haul is usually over terrain requiring usually more than the four litter 
bearers or a much longer time for the evacuation than is safe for the patient. 
In an effort to alleviate this situation the litter bearers of the collecting 
stations have been placed with the regimental aid stations leaving only 
the station personnel and the ambulance platoon as the collecting station. 
The front line medical personnel has all been taught to give 
intravenous and hypodermics and to control hemorrhage. The litter bearers 
in some units carry plasma with them in addition to morphine and bandages. 
Because of sniper fire, the litter bearers are either armed or are protected 
by armed personnel detailed to accompany them. The Japanese soldier seeks 
out the medical soldiers and medical units. The infantry company officers 
must realize this and when there is a group of casualties to be evacuated 
they must set up a field of fire to protect the litter bearers while they 
are evacuating the casualties. 
b. Ambulance. 
Whereas the ambo-j eep was prized and used considerably in 
the jungles and in other operations prior to the Philippine engagement, 
the,units in the Philippines are not using this means very much. In certain 
situations the ambo-jeep is the most desirable means of evacuating the 
injured because of its low silhouette. It is believed that under most 
situations met in the Philippines an ambulance can get about as close to 
the front lines as a jeep and is preferred for the comfort of the patient. 
When the ambulance is used, however, it is given protection. In some 
instances this is done by breaking the glass out of the back windows, or 
by taking the back step off the ambulance so that a guard can furnish some 
protection to the riding patients — the guard can either shoot from the 
ambulance or he can easily get out. Ambulances are used primarily for 
moving patients within the division area and from the clearing stations to 
air strips upon which small L5 planes can land. These air strips are- 
located as near to the clearing station as practical. A ride in one of 
these ambulances over a typical road revealed the marked necessity for 
driving at a rate of 5 to 10 miles per hour. To drive any faster would throw 
the patient from the litter. The highways over which an ambulance could 
drive faster are jammed with carromatas and carts pulled by carabaos. However, 
even these highways are limited in number and do not frequent the terrain 
over which the fighting is taking place. 
c. Air Evacuation. 
(l) Small plane evacuation (Stinson L5B), The outstanding 
feature of the evacuation of casualties in the Philippines was evacuation by the "cub" plane (Stinson L5B)• These small planes carry the pilot 
(usually a sergeant) and one patient, either sitting or litter. They 
have done a remarkable job in the early, safe, rapid and comfortable trans- 
portation of the sick and injured patients. These small planes are landing 
on strips located as near the hospitals and clearing stations as possible 
and have landed by the collecting stations in operations where, for various 
reasons, the clearing stations have not been set up. 
In the Luzon compaign, the landing strips were constructed 
by the Engineer Corps upon the recommendation of Army, corps, and division 
surgeons and were checked and approved by the air commando group before 
being used. These strips were approximately 1000 feet long by 75 feet 
wide. They were not surfaced but whenever possible they were oiled to 
minimize dust. Distinguishing marks were used to identify the strip and 
to indicate its security in forward areas where there was danger of enemy 
infiltration. Forward artillery observation strips were frequently found 
to be near enough to the clearing and collecting stations to be used for 
evacuation purposes. The required lengthening of these strips was readily 
accomplished with the cooperation of the artillery. The artillery agreed 
to routinely construct their air strips large enough to accommodate the 
L$. When permitted by the tactical situation, the clearing and collecting 
company commanders established their station in the vicinity of these 
strips eliminating the need for additional construction. A beautiful 
example of this was seen near Taloraa, Mindanao where planes were evacuating 
24th Division casualties. When the strips were located at the hospital 
or clearing station the use of the ambulance as an intermediary carrier 
was eliminated by constructing taxiways to the receiving and evacuation 
wards. Twenty-five bed holding stations were established near those strips 
located some distance from the medical installation excepting when the 
strips were serving division collecting companies. These small units were 
either separate clearing stations, collecting stations or portions of 
either and were equipped with facilities to give emergency medical treatment. 
They made the patient as comfortable as possible while awaiting trans- 
portation and the patients were sorted in the order of severity and 
priority for further evacuation. Patients are flown in the L5s from for- 
ward landing strips near clearing stations to evacuation hospitals and/or 
field hospitals 10 to 30 miles to the rear. This method of evacuation is 
used because the terrain is almost insurmountable and ambulances cannot 
traverse it. L5s are likewise transporting patients from these forward 
hospital installations to fixed installations in the rear or to G-47 air 
strips from which the patient can be flown further to the rear or to 
another island. 
In the development of the system of air evacuation in 
the Luzon campaign full advantage was taken of the already established 
organization for Army medical evacuation provided by a medical group 
headquarters to which was attached medical battalions and separate ambulance, 
clearing and collecting companies. The ground organization and operation 
were provided and controlled by the Army Medical Department while an air commando group, which supplied the L5 planes, supplied and maintained 
the planes and furnished the necessary radio communications. The super- 
vision of landing strip construction and operation was under the juris- 
diction of the medical battalions that were responsible for the evacuation 
and determination of needs for planes at clearing and collecting companies 
and at hospitals within their corps areas since one battalion with 
sufficient units to provide all necessary services was placed in support 
of each army corps. The medical group headquarters, in close association 
?rith the Army Surgeon's Office, directed and supervised the activities 
of the several battalions, coordinating their activities with the overall 
tactical situation. The medical group headquarters, also, worked directly 
with the air commando group and functioned as a central coordinating 
agency between the Ground and Air Forces. Through an established liaison 
system, capable of determining the evacuation needs of all clearing 
companies, collecting companies and hospitals, the bed status of hospitals 
and other pertinent information could be obtained and routine daily reports 
of admissions, dispositions, patients awaiting evacuation, bed status, 
and needs for supplies could be prepared and furnished medical battalion 
and group headquarters. This data served as a basis for the day to day 
operation of all phases of evacuation. Two-way radio communication was 
established between the air commando group and the medical group head- 
quarters, battalion headquarters, and major strips located throughout the 
island. Standard operating procedures were published to obtain maximum 
Uniformity in the operation of this evacuation. 
Not only was emergency evacuation of sick and wounded 
from the division clearing and collecting stations to field and evacuation 
hospitals accomplished by the L5 but the planes were also used to move 
well qualified specialists to areas needing them at the moment. Casualties 
requiring immediate neurosurgery, maxillo-facial surgery, end other highly 
specialized procedures were often flown to hospitals where such services 
were available. The emergency delivery of medical supplies, including 
plasma and whole blood, to forward units was, also, readily incorporated 
in the evacuation system. 
The small planes operated with maximum efficiency over 
distances not in excess of 30 miles. Over this distance one plane was 
able to evacuate 6 to 10 patients during a day. 
The chief disadvantages of the small plane evacuation 
are operational interference resulting from bad weather, the limited 
capacity of the plane, the necessity of providing an extensive network 
of small operational strips, the rather large number of ground personnel 
required to operate the strips, and the availability of the planes only 
during daylight hours in combat areas. 
The average number of evacuations from Luzon by air 
over a period of 90 days was 269 per 24- hours. The average number of 
evacuations intra-island by the Third Command Group (by L5) was 213 per 24 hours, by C64, 3 per 24 hours, making a total of 216 per 24 hours or 
a grand total of 12,704 patients by the Third Command Group. 
(2) Well established systems of air evacuation by large 
transport planes have been in daily operation for quite some time in every 
theater. The undersigned traveled with patients in planes of the troop 
carrier command and the air transport command (C-47 and C-54)• With both 
commands the patients are given the best of attention with nurses and 
enlisted technicians accompanying the patients in the planes. In the 
Mindanao campaign, C-47s of the troop carrier command were landing on an 
enlarged, unsurfaced artillery cub plane strip which was parallel to the 
front lines. The planes were protected from enemy ground observation and 
small arms fire by banks bordering and parallel to the strip. This was 
essential since the front line troops were but a little over one thousand 
yards from the strip. The first 0-47 landed on this strip the afternoon 
before the arrival of the undersigned. The friendly artillery units with 
a battery of guns located along one of the banks and firing across the 
strip had to be radioed to cease firing so that the plane could land 
safely. The system of loading patients was so perfected at this spot 
that the planes were not required to stand on the strip with engines off 
more than 5 to 10 minutes depending upon the percentage of litter patients 
to be loaded. A holding hospital, one platoon of a separate clearing 
station reinforced with a surgical team from a general hospital still in 
New Guinea, was located about 100 yards from the strip. This hospital 
was functioning as the field hospital with surgical teams did in the 
European Campaign. The clearing station for the Division was about 400 
yards behind the holding hospital. Before the C-47s were permitted to 
land on this strip, the patients were trams ported by L-5s from it to another 
strip more safely located where C-47s could land. Patients were trans- 
ported from Mindanao to Leyte by C-47s. None of the patients observed were 
adversely affected, instead, they were rather thrilled with this means of 
transportation. Some were flying for the first time. 
Roughly, 90% of the patients on Leyte arrived there by 
airplane. The air transport command personnel is most concerned with the 
transportation of casualties. They have placed their dispensaries and 
medical personnel near the air strips where their planes land to assure 
proper coordination with hospital evacuation personnel. This air transport 
command personnel is constantly studying every phase of air evacuation in 
gui effort to assure the patient the best of medical care while in flight 
and to make sure that his transportation is as comfortable and safe as 
possible. Holding hospitals are being established under the supervision 
of the ATC surgeon at the points where patients must be moved from one 
flight to another. The elapsed time might be very short or it might be as 
long as 24-36 hours but the patient will be assured a comfortable rest with 
the finest of professional supervision. d, Hospital Ship, 
Four hospital ships and a troopship with hospital ship 
complement were seen. One hospital ship had arrived in the Marianas Islands 
from Okinawa. It was loaded to capacity with seriously wounded patients 
many of whom were burn cases. One of the loaded hospital ships seen in 
New Guinea had less than 10$ litter cases aboard. Many of the 90$ of 
ambulatory patients were NP problems and skin cases. Others were patients 
with disfiguring injuries and amputations. The troopship visited with a 
bed capacity of 140 was fairly well equipped and, excepting for the heat 
in the large wards, was quite satisfactory for transporting casualties, 
though it is far less satisfactory than the hospital ships. The other 
hospital ships were being loaded with medical personnel and equipment 
to be taken to the Philippines. 
2. Training program 
It is believed that the training program as now designed is 
sound. With necessary variations to place emphasis upon certain features 
peculiar to the Pacific theaters the Medical Department units will be 
furnished satisfactorily informed and trained personnel and units. Neither 
of the two theaters had been furnished much of the training information 
already available in the Zone of Interior. Some training materials which 
have been available for a year or longer, badly needed in the theater for 
training of non-medical personnel transferred into medical units, have 
not been sent to the theaters. Many of the recommendations made by the 
units for training aids have already been met but such aids are only 
available in the Zone of Interior. Certain training films, film strips, 
manuals and graphic training aids have not reached the personnel for whom 
they were primarily intended. In view of the fact that professional 
personnel in the hospital units is now overworked, sufficient time is not 
available to devote to the preparation of lectures and graphic training 
aids necessary in the training of this new personnel. The type material 
needed is that which with very little added effort will convey the 
necessary information; i.e,, training films, and well illustrated handbooks. 
A checkup with the film equipage and exchange of one of the bases 
revealed the fact that no effort is made to obtain these films but when 
they arrive an effort is made to advise the medical units of their avail- 
ability. The commanding officer of this unit was surprised to know the 
number of recent medical films of which he had never heard. The U, S. Array 
Medical Bulletins, which announce these medical films, have not reached 
the medical officers so they could not request them. The Adjutant General 
of one of the theaters was consulted. He realized that this situation 
had existed but believes that with the recent approval for construction 
of space to install reproductive machinery for publications, the distribution 
of all publications to interested agencies will be expedited. All initial 
publications will go directly to the bases where initial, automatic distribution will occur. Distribution of Medical Department publications 
(forms) will be through medical depots. Manuals will be distributed to 
units after coordination with the Chief Surgeon, 
A list of all available films, film strips, graphic training aids 
(posters, charts, and portfolios), and manuals was left with the Theater 
Surgeons1 Offices and with many of the base surgeons. 
a. Personnel. 
As is shown by TABS B, C, D, and F, the enlisted men trained 
basically and in enlisted technician schools in the States have been 
satisfactory. Those units that recognized and realized that the enlisted 
technician could not be a 11 complete product”, but instead, an individual 
informed in certain important medical technics and in need for further 
training had the better technicians for they made an effort to give them 
this additional training. The outstanding examples of units most satisfied 
with the technicians were affiliated units. These units are staffed with 
professional men who are teachers. On the other hand, units expressing 
dissatisfaction with enlisted technicians from the Enlisted Technician 
Schools stating that they were not capable of doing some of the various 
professional procedures to the liking of its professional personnel have not 
only been disappointed but have been unfair to the enlisted man. Commanding 
officers have criticised the training of enlisted technicians without 
checking the W.D, Form 20s. It was shown specifically that enlisted tech- 
nicians trained in laboratory work have been criticised because they were 
not good in the operating room. In one instance a unit complained of 
its laboratory technicians but when checking the W.D, Form 20s a trained 
laboratory technician was "uncovered” serving as a utility man. Many such 
examples could be cited. Nearly all units that have seen action have 
realized that they must continually train personnel and some are learning 
that it is essential to train men to do more than one particular job. On 
the other hand those units that have been in the theater the longest now 
have a most difficult problem of keeping trained enlisted personnel because 
of losses due to rotation as well as to illnesses and transfers. Some 
units have been overseas so long that not even a nucleus of original 
personnel is still with it. It is to be pointed out again that a large 
percentage of replacements are not medically trained men. Many are cast- 
offs from casualty camps and are reclassified men from the line and other 
services and the causes for reclassification are by no means limited to 
physical disabilities. A small number of non-medically trained men can 
be used in hospital installations but when they are sent to take the 
place of laboratory technicians. X-ray technicians, operating room tech- 
nicians, and the like, the situation becomes critical. Some medical tech- 
nicians who had just been transferred into the hospital from combat units 
were interviewed. These men had been taken from Medical Department 
Enlisted Technician Schools in the Zone of Interior on War Department order 
and assigned to the infantry and had since been injured or had become ill 
and later transferred to the hospitals. They, of course, had not been 
able to actually apply their technical knowledge during the time they 
were serving in the infantry so had to be ”re-trained”. The front line medical units have trained their technicians 
to perform many duties that are performed by nurses and other professional 
personnel in installations farther to the rear. The outstanding example 
of such duties are giving anaesthesia and serving as assistants to surgeons 
in the operating room. They have, also, made sure that all medical soldiers 
in the division know first aid and can give morphine. Some units have 
trained every medical soldier to give intravenouses - plasma. 
£• Units* 
About the only hospital units that have not been filtered 
much or not used as designed or trained, are the 4.00 bed evacuation, the 
500 bed station, and the 1000 bed general hospitals. Smaller station 
hospitals have been used as evacuation, neuropsychiatric and field hospitals. 
They frequently have had three times the- number of patients the unit is 
staffed to care for. The large evacuation hospital has been used like the 
1000 bed general hospital. The field hospital has been used as neuro- 
psychiatric, venereal disease, and 4-00 bed evacuation hospitals. 
A field hospital, trained and equipped to do station hospital 
type work, either as an entire unit or as hospitalization units, cannot 
efficiently perform the mission of an evacuation hospital without the 
addition of 50-56 vehicles, more surgeons, and much more surgical equipment* 
Whether or not shipping shortages or other factors are responsible for 
such alterations it is evident that 400 bed evacuation hospitals are needed 
and desired. With it all, it is rather difficult to train field hospitals 
to be efficient evacuation hospitals* 
3* Deficiencies * 
In addition to actual training deficiencies, various factors which 
have adversely affected the training of Medical Department personnel find 
units are included under this heading* 
a. All medical personnel assigned to the Pacific theaters should 
have been trained in the use of weapons* It is not practical for medical 
personnel to wear the arm band, to identify medical installations, or to 
assume that the Japanese will spare the medical units. Strong perimeters 
to.protect the medical installations are a requirement* One general 
hospital had to hold off Japanese attackers for four days until assistance 
by line units arrived. Wounded front line medical soldiers frequent the 
hospitals. Company aid men, litter bearers and ambulance drivers have been 
shot by Japanese snipers while attending the wounded'* Wounded soldiers on 
litters have been either further injured, or killed by snipers who were 
attacking the evacuation group* 
b. Professional personnel in hospital units have been sent to 
the Pacific without proper instruction in the medical problems they will 
face* Many of the diseases in the theaters either do not exist in the United States or do so In such limited numbers that the doctors are not 
familiar with them. Many doctors who had never seen malaria were the 
first to face it in the theater. 
£. The troops ware not furnished sufficient timely information 
on the control of the diseases met in the Pacific Theaters. To control 
such diseases, specific, simple, workable instructions must be furnished 
the nonprofessional officer personnel and troops as well as the professional 
personnel. The War Department Circular is a most important means of 
dessemlnating this material to unit commanders of all branches and arms. 
The moving pictures, graphic training aids (posters and charts), pamphlets 
and handbooks are the media through which the information most effectively 
reaches the troops. 
£• Training aids have not reached the units in the theaters. 
Training aids produced primarily for the theaters were not to be found 
there. Training aids were requested on some subjects that have been 
covered already, and on subjects that have not been adequately covered 
because of War Department disapproval of requests made by the Surgeon 
Generalfs Office. Some of the requests were turned down by War Department 
agencies with the indication that the control of the particular medical 
problem or disease was a COMMAND FUNCTION, From a training viewpoint, 
the fallacy of the belief that COMMAND FUNCTION alone will solve the 
problem, is the failure to realize that the "civilians" who make up thla 
army must be shown and told WHY as well as how the particular thing should 
be done. These civilian boys (now in the Array) bought this new gadget 
or that new gadget because the advertisers sold them on why it was the one 
to buy. COMMAND FUNCTION alone will not accomplish the job because the 
unit commander - a civilian - has not been shown whv and how COMMAND 
FUNCTION alone will do the job. The troops must be ledII Medical training 
aids on the diseases said medical problems to be faced in future operations 
are badly needed and will pay dividends. 
£• There are too many different types of units performing missions 
that should be performed by other units. We seem to be weighted down by 
T/Os & Es. The planners have too many typos of units to juggle. From 
what has been seen, it seems that adequate numbers of the following two 
hospitals, in addition to the division medical service, would furnish a 
most efficient evacuation system — 400 bed evacuation and 1000 bed general 
hospitals. These two hospitals have been used with a minimum of alteration. 
There seems to be little need for any but the 500 bed station hospital. 
For all the "holding" hospital requirements the separate clearing station, 
with the same T/0 & E of the clearing station of the medical battalion, 
infantry division, would serve better than an altered unit of another 
T/0 & E. Y/ith the limited number of types of units, plus the professional 
teams of the T/0 & E 8-500 series, not only would it be possible to train 
units more efficiently for specific missions, but the "possibilities" of 
each unit could be better understood and exploited. Juggling, altering. and improvising units results in wasting personnel (in quality and in 
numbers) and will inevitably result in lowering efficiency. 
f. Enlisted technicians. All medical and surgical technicians 
should have been trained alike. Operating room technicians should have 
been given advanced training to include "team” training (surgeon and 
assistants) and more applicatory (on-the-job) training in the operating 
room. 
g. Parallel (on-the-job) training, (l) Many of the enlisted 
technicians assigned to units in the Pacific Theaters received their 
technical training in the United States in 1942 when the plan for parallel 
training was first put into effect. The attitude of hospital commanders 
of named general hospitals - men trained over long years in the Army - 
to the program was not favorable. This was exemplified by (a) their remarks 
that the ’’trainees” were ”in the way” and, (b) by detailing these newly 
schooled technicians to such jobs as washing windows and scrubbing floors. 
The results of this type ’’training” was seriously felt by hospital units 
in the theater where it is most important that the technicians know 
their jobs. 
(2) Some sort of a plan should have been worked out to set 
up the hospital units near station or named general hospitals and actually 
lot the units take care of every 3rd or 4-th patient admitted to the 
hospital. The "mock” training will never produce the feeling of respon- 
sibility or accomplishment. Those units that functioned as hospitals on 
maneuvers became adjusted to the combat requirements more easily. 
h. Unit training, (l) Amphibious training should have bean 
an essential part of the program of all medical units going to the Pacific. 
This training should have included swimming, combat (functional) packing 
and loading of equipment, and ship embarkation and debarkation. 
(2) Misled in the belief that the Engineers would lay out 
the hospital and construct the mess halls, surgeries, and certain clinics, 
full advantage was not taken of field and unit training. The units should 
have bean made more self-sufficient by making mandatory the training of 
men for more than one job; and the training of a large percent of all 
basic enlisted personnel in utility work. In the great majority of cases, 
the hospitals have had to set up their entire installations because the 
Engineers were given other jobs with designated higher priority. Personnel 
in malaria control units should have been taught to operate and maintain 
heavy equipment. Reliance was placed upon the service furnishing the 
equipment to also furnish the operators. 
i. Hospital commanders. Although the necessary essentials in 
the operation and administration of a medical unit are given at the 
Medical Field Service School, there should have been a school, or course, 
established for hospital oommAndara. The candidates for such a course 
should have been carefully selected. The hospital commander should be a leader - not just a "bookkeeper11 • This course should have thoroughly 
covered (l) the possibilities, as well as limitations of the T/O & E, 
(2) the value of liaison v/ith other services, the line, the Navy and 
the Air Corps, (3) appraisal of unit personnel qualifications, U) the 
value of the WD AGO Form 20, (5) unit discipline and morale, and (6) the 
common pitfalls of unit commanders and how to overcome them. 
j.. Enough effort has not been made to return battle experienced 
personnel to the States to serve as instructors in the training centers 
and schools. The failure to send key trainer personnel to the theaters 
at frequent intervals to study the training situation has been a serious 
mistake. 
X. Actions to correct training deficiencies 
a. What the theaters have dona. 
(l) Units on reaching the Hawaiian Islands were quickly 
evaluated by a training group from the Central Pacific Base Command. 
Deficiencies in equipment were quickly corrected so far as was possible. 
Obvious training deficiencies were given early attention. If the 
deficiency was in personnel, technicians trained in the hospitals on the 
islands were made available for assignment to the units or the untrained 
individuals were sent to the enlisted technician courses at the station 
and named general hospitals. The courses taught at these hospitals were 
medical and nursing care, pharmacy. X-ray, orthopedic shop work, neuro- 
psychiatric nursing, anaesthesia, and surgical techniques (operating 
room). These courses were made available to the enlisted personnel of 
other echelons in the Central Pacific Area including division, corps, 
and army troops staging in the local area. 
Units not engaged in professional work were sent to 
the Unit Jungle Training Center and Amphibious Training Center for 1 week. 
This course included combat training with the use of live ammunition and 
instruction in the identification of Japanese weapons. Some instruction 
was given in Improvisations for the transportation of casualties as 
well as those Improvisations important to living in the jungles. Emphasis 
was placed on physical training, swimming, and ship embarkation and 
debarkation. 
Medical officers who had no previous field training were 
sent to an officers field training school for a week’s intensive training. 
Officers, including nurses, before departing for the forward areas, were 
given training in basic field subjects including field sanitation, swimming, 
amphibious training and familiarization with the pistol and carbine. 
A school to instruct and train potential MAC candidates 
was conducted. This school was used to determine which candidates were 
suitable for local appointment in the Medical Administrative Corps, A.U.S, The course of study was based on the MAC-OGS course In the Zone of 
Interior but included, in addition, jungle, amphibious and weapons training* 
(2) Officer Candidate School, To meet the needs of units 
in the Southwest Pacific Area for officers in the different services and 
in the line, an officers candidate school was activated near Brisbane, 
Australia, Commissions were given in Infantry, Field Artillery, Cavalry, 
Corps of Engineers, Coast Artillery Corps (AA), Quartermaster Corps, 
Signal Corps, Ordnance, Medical Administrative Corps, Air Corps, Army 
Administration (BI), and Transportation Corps. The courses were divided 
into two parts, the BRANCH IMMATERIAL course and the SPECIALIZED course. 
(a) The BRANCH IMMATERIAL part of the course included 
259 instructional hours (11 at night) and was completed during the first 
31 class days. The following subjects are included in this 259 hours. 
1. Administration 
2. Air, rail & water 
transportation 
3. Bomb reconnaissance 
4. Carbine 
5. Combat Intelligence 
6. Demolitions 
7. Defense against chemicals 
8. Disciplinary drill 
9. Field fortification 
and camouflage 
10. First aid, sanitation 
and hygiene 
11. Interior guard duty 
12. Landing operations 
13. Map reading 
14.. Mathematics 
15. Mess management 
16. Message writing 
17. Methods of instruction 
18. Military courtesy and customs 
19# Military law 
20, Organization of the Army 
21. Physical drill 
22, Pitching and striking tentage 
23. Recognition of aircraft 
24.. Rifle M-l 
25. Safeguarding military information 
26. Scouting and patrolling 
27. Thompson sub-machine gun 
28. Unit supply 
(b) The MEDICAL ADMINISTRATIVE branch specialized course 
included 544 hours of day instruction over a period of about 11 weeks. 
The following subjects were covered to acquaint the candidate with the 
general field of medical administrative activities. 
1. Activation, Inactivation, 
Org & Funct of Hosp. 
2. Air History SWPA. 
3. Ambulance, Litter drill 
& improvised litters, 
4. Army Exchange Service. 
5. Authorized Abbreviations. 
6. Board of Officers, 
7. Calibre .45 Pistol 
8. Censorship* 
9* Decorations & Awards. 
10. Dewey Decimal File. 
11. Disposition of Records. 
12. Efficiency Reports. 
13. Emergency Bandaging and 
Field Dressings. 
14., Exam and Review. 
15. Field Problem. 16, Fractures, dislocations & 
sprains & Emergency Splints. 
17. Furlough, Passes & Delays, 
IS, Hospital Administration. 
19. Hospitalization & Evacuation, 
20. Leadership & Spec. Courtesy 
Course, 
21. Logistics for Medical Units. 
22. Map Reading, 
23. March & Bivouac, 
24. Materia Medica & Pharmacy, 
25. Medical & General Supply 
including field trip. 
26. Medical & Unit Equip, 
27. Lied Aspects of Chemical Warfare. 
28. Message Center, 
29. Military Correspondence, 
30. Military Law. 
31. Morning Report, Sick Report, 
Duty Roster. 
32. Motors Course, including 
1 hour Exam, 
33. Movement of patients without 
litters, 
34. Orders: General & Special. 
35. Org of the Med Dept. 
36. Payrolls & Vouchers. 
37. Personal Affairs of Mil 
Personnel Allotments & 
Insurance Soldiers & Sailors 
Relief Act, 
38. Personal Maladjustments, 
39. Prevention & Control of 
Tropical Disease, 
4-0, Public Relations. 
41. Radiograms & Telegrams. 
42. Records of Morbidity and 
Mortality, 
4,3. Red Cross & Special Service. 
44-• Reg Med Det with Infantry. 
45. Rifle Ml. 
46. Sanitary Reports, 
47. Seriously 111 Patients & 
Deaths. 
48. Service Record. 
49. Statement of Charges & 
Report of Survey, 
50. Subsistance Planning QMC. 
51. Talk by Commandant. 
52. The Hospital Mess & Unit 
Funds. 
53. Tips to MAC Officers, 
54. Transfers, Discharges, AWOL 
& Disposition of Insane. 
55. Trip to Base #3 and APO. 
56. Trip to Station Hospital. 
57. Uniform. 
58. Unit & Detachment Supply. 
59. Unit Histories. 
60. Unit Personal Section, 
including Trip to MRU, 
61. VD Reports, 
62. Water Purification. 
63. WD and Military Publications. 
(c) Headquarters, USAFFE, sets the quotas for each 
class at the school which can take from 600 - 1000 students. The 
candidates are qualified according to AR 625-5. Those candidates that 
arrive at the school without meeting such qualifications must be returned 
to the units sending them. Candidates who are relieved without graduating 
are sent to the replacement depot and are returned to their old units. 
This causes the unit to be more careful in selecting candidates and stops 
enlisted men trying to be candidates just for assignment transfers. 
Candidates who have had basic training as enlisted men do better in the 
school. 
(d) Originally, all instructors including the enlisted 
cadre were from service schools. Gradually all but key personnel are 
being replaced by graduates of the various courses who have had former 
combat experience. (e) The total candidates to date of visit by undersigned 
was 5,170 with 181 candidates enrolled in the medical administrative school. 
Of this number 3,267 have graduated with 114 MAC graduates. Several of 
these MAC graduates were seen in other areas and were well qualified and 
doing splendid jobs as officers. In the present MAC class of 54 enrollment; 
43 were Medical Department soldiers, 11 have had enlisted technician school 
training in the United States, and 12 others had MOS classification of 
medical technicians. Nineteen of the candidates have been overseas less 
than 1 year, 25 over 1 year, 3 over 2 years, and 2 over 3 years. 
(3) The First Training Center, USAFFE, was organized early 
in 1944 at Oro Bay, In August 1943 a “provisional” center, sometimes 
referred to as the "Fox Farm", had about 3000 admissions practically 
all of whom had malaria. The $th Station Hospital, known as “Convalescent 
Center $212,” was under the SIXTH Army, later USASOS, and is now under 
the Replacement Command, HQ USAFFE as is the First Training Center. 
This center has an overhead of 139 enlisted cadre and 
$3 officers (12 on DS) which includes all the training officers and 4 
officers on temporary duty. 
The procedure at this training center was divided into 
2 parts. One was the "reconditioning program", designed to recondition 
officers and enlisted men who had chronic or recurrent malaria for return 
to their combat outfits. This program was graded from supervised rest 
and physical training to the most strenuous of training activities. The 
maximum time for this program was 9 weeks. The second was the re-training 
program in which an effort was made not only to physically recondition 
the enlisted man (trainee) but also, to retrain him for a now job or 
specialty. The maximum time for this program was 13 weeks. Medical 
officers were present during both these programs when physical training 
was conducted. 
Ninety-eight percent of the trainees were from hospitals, 
others were directly from units. Some were sent to the center because 
of injuries rendering them unsuitable to continue in the duties for which 
they were originally trained. Some were maladjustments in present duty 
assignments and were sent for training in a new specialty. Roughly 50$ 
of the trainees should have been sent there, the other 50$ were just no 
good to the Army under any circumstances but since it was next to 
impossible to discharge these men under the provisions of AR 615-369, 
20 July 44 or AR 615-365, 15 December 44, they were returned to redistribution 
centers and thrown into the "whirlpool” again. A high percentage of the 
first 50$ are reclassified and reassigned to new tasks. About 95$ - 93$ 
of those in the reconditioning program are returned to useful duty. 
(4) Base headquarters throughout the theaters have, from 
time to time, issued master schedules for training programs including 
subjects to be stressed as a result of experience or because of anticipated actions. These programs included a varied list of subjects usually 
with a minimum of medical subjects. The base surgeons* offices have 
distributed mimeographed copies of studies on certain tropical diseases. 
At some of the bases, regularly planned professional conferences are 
held to discuss medical problems. 
(5) Personnel in staging units are placed on temporary duty 
or detached service to other units in an effort to assist the units that 
are operating as well as to train the staging personnel in new subjects 
or to give them parallel training in their particular specialties. 
Laboratory technicians are sent from smaller hospital units to larger 
hospitals or to medical general laboratories to learn more about the 
laboratory diagnosis of tropical diseases. 
(6) Base headquarters and theater headquarters have been 
producing training aids that should be furnished from the Zone of Interior. 
These training aids consist of moving picture films, film strips, slides, 
pamphlets, charts, and posters. The Theater Surgeons1 Offices have requested 
that a system of automatic distribution be established so that an adequate 
number of the Medical Department training aids, produced in the Zone of 
Interior, will be made available to the theaters. 
J). What units have done. 
In the need for certain apparently unobtainable equipment, 
necessary for the operation of units, such items as the following have 
been improvised by the hospital personnel: washing machines, power driven 
circular saws, water pumps, frying grills, steam cookers, dishwashing 
machines, ice machines, special types of orthopedic tables, intravenous 
anaesthesia devices, physical therapy equipment, dental chairs, and 
ventilating equipment for X-ray darkrooms. 
In the need for training enlisted replacements for key 
specialties when the unit is functioning, base surgeons have assisted 
by sending trained personnel into the unit on temporary duty during which 
time the unit personnel is actually "understudying" the temporary duty 
personnel. When the unit is staging, its personnel is placed on temporary 
duty for parallel training with other units that are functioning. 
c. Action that has been taken in the Zone of Interior. 
(1) Training Aids. When it was seen that the training aids, 
available in the United States, were not in the theater, a request was 
sent by one of the undersigned to Washington for corrective action. Certain 
of these training aids have already reached the theaters and others are 
being shipped. A plan has been established to give individual attention 
to each training aid with the viewpoint of making it available to the 
theaters and checking to determine its availability in due time in the theater* The need for training aids in the theaters has also been 
brought to the attention of higher headquarters. Approval for production 
of certain of these training aids has already been received and work on 
them is progressing. 
(2) Training programs. The weaknesses in the training 
programs with instructions for corrective action have been brought to 
the attention of the various schools and training centers. 
(3) A program of frequent inspection of the parallel training 
program for enlisted technicians has rendered this training much more 
valuable. 
(4) MTPs have been revised to Include necessary instruction 
in subjects, heretofore not adequately covered. 
(5) Courses in tropical medicine are being designed for 
Army Medical Center and Medical Field Service School for medical officers 
of Army Ground Forces as well as Army Service Forces and Army Air Forces. 
(6) Basic material from which this report was prepared 
has been turned over to the Medical Field Service School for study with 
the viewpoint of revising certain of the courses taught at the school. 
In addition, certain information on tactics which was obtained from the 
units committed in the Philippines has been turned over to the School. 
This material will serve to stimulate interest in the classes on tactics 
since it is up-to-date tactical information on a situation still in 
progress. This information has, also, been made available to those 
individuals responsible for the redeployment training of medical units. 
OTHER ACTIVITIES 
1. Moving picture coverage of professional subjects. 
This type coverage, to be secured in the theaters by the Museum 
and Medical Arts Detachments (T/O & £ 8-500), has not been adequate. This 
coverage, taken on 16 mm kodachrome or black and white film, will be 
returned to the Army Medical Museum for study by the Surgeon General's 
consultant services. Such coverage considered to be valuable for instruc- 
tional purposes, will be placed in the existing War Department channels 
for production and distribution as an official film. Conferences were 
held with the Theater Surgeons, their representatives, and commanding 
officers of the Museum and Medical Arts Detachments to discuss the results 
of a study made by the Training Division, SGO, the Army Pictorial Service, 
and the Military Training Division, ASF. The study was made to determine 
the reasons for the failure to secure the desired coverage and to furnish 
Idle units necessary recommendations for corrective action. (See TAB H). In the past few weeks, plans have been made to further assist in the 
production and use of this type film. Control Division, ASF, is now 
taking final action on these plans. 
It was learned that the Signal Corps was not filling the requests 
made by the Museum and Medical Arts Detachments for film stock in the 
theaters. This matter has been brought to the attention of higher head- 
quarters. A plan furnished by the Preventive Medicine Service, SCO, for 
coverage of schistosomiasis was delivered to the theater consultant on 
preventive medicine (SWPA). Certain footage on this subject has already 
reached Washington and more is on its way. 
2. Signal Corps Coverage of Medical Activities, 
The need for moving picture coverage of medical activities in 
the Pacific theaters was again brought to the attention of Signal Corps 
authorities. The request submitted by the Surgeon General to Army 
Pictorial Service through the Director, Military Training several months 
ago, has been received by theater Signal Corps authorities but has not 
been filled. In its place. Signal Corps personnel prepared a scenario 
for a film to be produced in the theater. This scenario was reviewed and 
it contained relatively few combat scenes. The recommendation made was 
that the subjects desired covered be brought to the attention of the 
Signal Corps with sufficient details so that they can be completely and 
accurately recorded on film. A medical officer should be detailed to 
work with the Signal Corps as adviser to assure proper coverage. This 
film should then be sent to the Signal Corps Photographic Center 'with 
proper captions so that official War Department films can be* made from 
it. Medical Department activities in the Pacific are vastly different 
from those in Europe, Basically, the casualty is taken to a hospital — 
that is comparable to the situation in Europe. The res£ is different. 
The enemy, the terrain, the diseases, the health problems and tactics have 
all had their effect upon the medical service in the Pacific, Small 
plane (L-5B) air evacuation on a large scale is new; yet, no Signal Corps 
film coverage has been seen, Intra-island small boat evacuation and 
peculiarities of overland medical evacuation have either not been covered 
or the coverage has been very inadequate. Such film as this is needed for 
training and orientation of troops to be redeployed so they can reach the 
areas more suited to do their jobs. 
3. Medical Training of the Philippine Army, (See TAB I) 
In response to the request of the deputy surgeon, USAFFE, 
recommendations were submitted for the training of a Medical Department 
for the Philippine Army. These recommendations were based on a careful 
study of the present plans, facilities and requirements for such training. 4-. Survey of Opinions, 
Tabs B and D have been compiled from the various opinions of 
headquarters, units and offices visited. Some of these opinions are 
concurred in; some are not. All should be considered because they serve 
to give a better understanding of their problems. These opinions were 
voluntarily given, in sincerity, and with the belief that they could be 
of benefit to units to be sent to the Pacific Theaters (Southwest Pacific 
Area and Pacific Ocean Area), a feature which makes them much more valuable. 
The arrangement of the opinions on the charts permits easy evaluation and 
review of only that part which appears most relevant to the subject in 
mind. For example, if interested only in the professional training of 
medical officers, one block of comments will include this information. 
Since the comments made by combat units could not always be dovetailed 
with those of communication zone units separate charts have been made. 
Tab C is a listing of opinions, comments and recommendations 
made by officers in hospital units. This list includes many more comments 
than does Tab B which is based on it. 
RECOMMENDATIONS 
1, It is most important that all medical personnel be trained 
adequately in the use and care of weapons — particularly, the carbine, 
pistol and grenade. 
' 2. Personnel in all medical units must be trained in the principles 
of establishing and maintaining unit perimeter defense. Applicatory 
training is most necessary. 
3. Training of all troops in first aid must be emphasized. Actual 
application with the individual practicing first aid measures on himself — 
"self aid” — is essential to assure that satisfactory results have been 
attained. 
4-. Instruction to all troops on medical problems and on prevention 
of diseases to be faced in the Pacific Theaters should be mandatory. 
5. All medical officers should be furnished information on prevention, 
diagnosis, care and treatment of tropical diseases and those to be encountered 
in Japanese Islands and on the Asiatic mainland. Information on heat rash 
and skin diseases should not be overlooked. The TB Med is an excellent 
medium for disseminating such information. 
6. Stress instruction in personal hygienes prevention of "athletes 
foot" and skin rashes, dangers of eating food prepared by natives, and 
prevention of venereal diseases. The instruction will have to be based 
on the conditions present in Japan and China. The troops will be leaving 
tropical and subtropical climates and such conditions will be encountered 
as trench foot and frostbite. 7. Stress instruction in field sanitations water purification, 
disposed of wastes, construction and maintenance of latrines in various 
types of terrain, fly and mosquito control, etc. Sanitary conditions in 
China and Japan fall below those in the United States. Living in the 
cities of these countries will be dangerous from the health viewpoint. 
3, It is strongly recommended that all hospital units be made self- 
sustaining. "Service teams", with equipment, should be made an integral 
part of the hospital T/O & E. The "service team" idea has failed! 
9. More enlisted personnel of the hospital units will have to be 
trained in utilities: carpentering, plumbing, operation and maintenance 
of electrical generators, steam generators, water plants, ice machines 
and electrical, kitchen devices. The basic medical soldier should be sent 
to the various schools which teach these subjects. 
10. All medical department enlisted men must be trained in 1st and 
2nd echelon maintenance of the equipment they use: surgical technicians, 
the surgical instruments; the X-ray. technicians, the X-ray equipment, etc. 
Xquipnent is precious. Teach appreciation of equipment no matter how 
simple the equipment might be. 
11. It is recommended that there be more parallel (on-the-job) training 
of enlisted technicians with emphasis on the following: 
a. Technic of preparation and administration of intravenous 
fluids — blood plasma and whole blood. 
b. Aseptic and sterile technic, 
c. Operating room technic. 
d. Nursing care of neuropsychiatric patients. 
e. Training as physical therapy assistants. 
f. Training of laboratory technicians in study and diagnosis of 
blood smears and stool specimens — the identification of parasites. 
12. Recommend that the chiefs of medical services of hospital units, 
medical inspectors and division surgeons of units to be redeployed be 
required to attend a course in Tropical Diseases at the Army Medical Center, 
the Medical Field Service School or equivalent somewhere else. 
13. A required course should be given for hospital commanders. This 
course should include instruction in the following subjects: 
a. Hospital administration and clerical requirements. 
b. Hospital construction and establishment. c. Supply. 
d. Glassification and assignment of personnel (Use and value 
of WD AGO Form 20 and 66-1). 
e. General housekeeping — drainage, conservation of personnel 
(consolidation of messes and wards, etc.), 
f. Hospital utilities with associated problems. 
g. Value of discipline — and continuous training of all personnel, 
h. Troop leadership, 
i. Training men to do more than one job. Rotation of enlisted 
men in jobs when and where practical. 
14. Anaesthetists should either be furnished the units in adequate 
numbers or more nurses and enlisted technicians must be trained to give 
anaesthesia. This training can and should be accomplished prior to shipment 
overseas. Heretofore, this has not been done so the enlisted men have been 
trained in Hawaii or on-the-job while the units are functioning under 
difficult situations. 
15. Units need more field training with the unit equipment. Units must 
learn and practice functional (combat) packing and loading of equipment. 
Set up entire installation, tear down and pack, and set up again while in 
training. 
16. It is recommended that the quonset huts be adopted for all 
hospital units except the 4-00 bed evacuation hospitals. Army units using 
the quonset hut prefer it to any of the prefabricated designs. To 
standardize a housing of this type would certainly permit efficiency in 
training and operation since the unit would have some idea how it is to live 
and what to expect in protection from the weather for patients. The larger 
hospital units aren't set up to operate just for a week or a month. They 
usually stay in operation months — on occasions, years! We have given them 
a boy with which to do a man's job. With the Navy and the Array using the 
quonset hut mass production, standard plans for shipping, standard technic for 
construction could all become a reality. 
17, Recommend that the use of female nurses be limited to larger 
hospital units and to civilized areas only. Replace nurses with advanced 
trained technicians in combat units. 
18. Assign young medical officers to front line units. 19. Reorganizing Portable Surgical Hospitals (T/O & E B-572) into 
Surgical Teams (T/O & E 8-500) is recommended. Portable Surgical Hospitals 
now want more administrative help, more vehicles and more equipment. They 
have outlived their usefulness, as such. 
20.. Recommend reorganizing Field Hospitals (T/O & E 8-510) into 400 
bed evacuation hospitals (t/0 & E 8-581). Field hospitals are not 
professionally staffed nor equipped with sufficient transportation to do 
the job desired of them. The 500 bed station hospital (t/o & E 8-560) is 
better for the station hospital type care needed — the 400 bed evacuation 
hospital for the evacuation hospital type work. For the use of hospitalization 
unit(s), reinforced with surgical teams (as used in ET0), recommend that 
the surgical teams be used with the clearing stations of the committed 
division or with a platoon of a separate clearing station. 
21, Delete all but the 500 bed Station Hospital. The smaller station 
hospitals aren't staffed or equipped to function as anything else. The 
smaller station hospitals don't usually have the high type professional 
personnel as the larger hospitals. The smaller unit is either required to 
take two to three times the number of patients it is staffed for, or it is 
staging. It is believed that the personnel would be better used in a 500 
bed station hospital or in a general hospital. 
22. Recommend limiting the General Hospitals to 1000 bed — no general 
hospitals, as such, larger than 1000 beds. Restrict all hospitals in 
hospital centers to units no larger than 1000 bed units. 
23. Recommend the following revision in the Division Medical Service. 
a. Reorganize the collecting station — (l) Litter section to 
regimental aid station. (2) Station section; part to clearing station 
and part to ambulance section. (3) Ambulance section to receive some 
administrative help from the station section and be used as an ambulance 
platoon. 
b. Reorganize the clearing station into 3 equal platoons (this 
has been or is being done). 
24. Strongly recommend that small, plane air evacuation be exploited. 
Recommend that 96 L5Bs be given to each Army, This evacuation system 
should be controlled by the Medical Group with separate battalions and 
separate companies. 
25. Recommend using Surgical Teams (T/0 & E 8-500) with functioning 
division clearing stations, and with separate, clearing stations serving 
as "holding surgical hospitals". 
26. Supply Depot Company personnel should be given parallel (on-the-job) 
training in distribution depots before commitment. 27. Recommend giving the enlisted men in Medical Sanitary Companies 
more training in utilities — this should be anplleatory training* Further 
recommend assigning the sanitary companies to larger hospitals to assist in 
the installation, construction and maintenance of hospital utilities and 
sanitary devices. 
28. Recommend that the Optical Repair Teams be made an integral part 
of the T/O & E of the Medical Depot Companies. 
29. It is strongly recommended that all enlisted replacements for 
medical units be medically trained. 
30. Distribution system of publications (AGO) and training aids 
(Signal Corps) must be improved. The production of these publications and 
training aids is expensive and time consuming. If they do not reach those 
for idiom they are intended, duplication of effort will occur by the theater 
personnel attempting to produce the needed material. 
31* All unit personnel should be with the unit during parallel training. 
All unit personnel can be identified with name plates to facilitate 
identification and checking progress of training. 
32. For efficiency and morale of medical officers, it is recommended 
that courses be established for refresher professional training of (a) 
those Medical Corps officers who have only had administrative duties. 
(b) Army officers to qualify them for professional assignments 
post-war. 
33. It is recommended that consideration be given to evaluating and 
utilising the information contained in Tabs B, C and D to the fullest extent. 
W)YD L. 
Colonel, Kedioai Corps, 
Director, Training Division. 
RQBjSRT/J. 
Lieut. Colonel, Medical Corps, 
Trailing Division. NOTE; 
This section Is SECRET and will 
he furnished upon request only 
if there is a need for the 
information contained in these 
pages. SURVEY OF OPINIONS : 
HEADQUARTERS. UNITS AND HOSPITALS IN COMMUNICATIONS ZONE 
• PROFES 
SIGNAL SERVICE! 
5 • 
• ADMINISTRATION • 
TRAINING 
UTILIZATION 
GENERAL 
TRAINING 
SUPPLI ES 
► ALL M3e SHOULD A3TMSD CARLISLE BEFORE 
BEHC ASSUatSD TO UNITS. 
►UNITS SHOULD BE PREPARED TO CARE FOE M3RE 
PATIENTS THAN PLANNED. 
► COMMOTING OFFICERS MET LEARN POSSIBILITIES 
AND LDGTATIOHS OF l/O & E. 
OFFICE 
MEDICAL 
MESS EQUIPMENT 
► ALL COMMOTING OPTIC HRS SHOULD ATTHtD A 
COURSE CB SCHOOL FOB COMMOTING 
► USE M3e AS EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF 
HOSPITALS - NOT MACs. 
► PLAN DOCTORS, NURSES AND TECHNICIANS TO 
TRAIN AS TEAMS DURING PARALLEL TRAINING. 
►MORE MICROSCOPES. 
Q773DBB* 
►AFFILIATED UNITS SHOULD HAVE YOUNG MCs TO 
►MORE PAJAMAS. 
► THAIS TOOK K3s FOB 3 MDHIHS IS 1TO9CEESD 
► ROTATE ALL PERSCHNKL. 
HELP OLDER CKES (l.o. HOT ALL SPECIALISTS). 
► OFFICERS SHOOLD RECEIVE TB MEDs ON CCH- 
►MOTOR-DRIVER BONE SAW 
► KITCHEN LABOR SAYING MACHINERY: 
GENERAL H08PHAL3, TF1W ASbUSS THEM TO 
D3TIQNS THEY WILL FACE. 
►STURDIER X-RAY DEVELOPING UNIT. 
(A 
forward urns. 
► MDa SHOULD JOIN CHITS: 
M CM ACTITATICB. 
0>) 2 TO 3 MSBCBB BEFORE BCARKATION. 
► INCREASE HTHfiER AND RATINGS FOE 
DERMATOLOGISTS. 
►UNITS SHOULD NOT LEAVE U. S. tBTIL ALL 
SPECIALTIES ARE FILLED WITH COMPETBBT 
m pkw jjftffjisij kjs « 
► TRAIN M3b IN ADMINISTRATIVE DOTIES, SUCH AS 
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, BOARD PAPER WORK, ETC. 
► NON-MEDICAL EQUIPMENT 
IS MOST DIFFICULT TO 
► OPHTHALMOSCOPE. 
►PROCTOSCOPE WITH EIECTRIC LIGHT IN DISTAL END. 
►25$ MOKE CANVAS TOP COVER REPIACEMERTS, 
SLICEHS 
DISHWASHERS 
MIXERS 
d 
► INCREASE NUHJER OF M3 s IN TACTICAL 
UNITS. 
► PSYCHOLOGY TEXT BOOKS ARE THE BUNK. 
► WARN AIL UNITS THEY WILL OFTEN NOT BE USED AS 
►OTOSCOPES, ELECTRICAL. 
► SHOULD ADOPT NAVY KITCHEN 
(o) EC® FIELD TRAINING. 
(&} EC® PARALLEL TRAINING ONLY. 
► DCs SHOOLD BE TRATTnm jjj AHB3THBSIA. 
► NP AND SKIN DISEASES CAUSED GREATEST LOSS 
TRAINED. 
OBTAIN. 
► BWEHSTON HEATER. 
EQUIPMENT. 
z 
► INCREASE RANK OF CHIEF TUT AND 
ANESTHETIST. 
OF mOFSSSICKAL PERSONNEL. 
► THINK PROFESSIONAL EQUIPMENT IS ADEQUATE. 
► HAVE COMMANDING OFFICERS ATTHtD SPECIAL 
SCHOOLS BEFORE ASSIGNMENT TO UNIT. 
► MOVIE PROJECTOR, 16 MM. 
►OXYGEN TENTS, 
►NEED COT WITH ARM AND BEDS IDE TABUS. 
►BETTER FLUOROSCOPIC EQUIPMENT. 
► NEED BIG OVENS AND RANGES 
► FURNISH MCs FOR' NP SERVICE (NOT BRANCH 
IMMATERIAL) 
► STRESS SCHISTOSOMIASIS TRAINING AMD 
► ASSIGN OLDER M3a REARWARD AND YOUNGER 
CHE3 FORWARD • NO ORE OVER LO SHOULD 
BE IN COKBAT UNITS. 
► TOO MANY H3b DO SURGERY BEYOND THEIR 
TRAINING AND EXPERIENCE. HEED BETTER 
SUPERVISION. 
► NEED TRAINED MEDICAL KBCCHDHICB1HG 
OFFICERS. 
► MIMEOGRAPH. 
► HEAVY TYPEWRITERS, 
►CYSTOSCOEE. 
►ELECTRO CARD IOGRAM. 
►SUCTION APPARATUS FOR EVACUATION B0SP1TAIS. 
► SOFT DRINK DDSH9EEHS. 
► RUBBER HOSE AND WATER PIPES. 
DISCIPLINE. 
► HEED ORTHOPEDIC SHOP AND OFFICERS 
► M3 a SHOOLD LEAVE ADMINISTRATIVE MATERIAL TO 
► CRATES, BOXES, ETC. SHOULD 
► CARBON DICK HE UNIT. 
► NEED FOOD CAST WITH PNEUMATIC 
► TRAIN 1 M3 AMD KEEP HIM UP-TO-DATE CH 
MACS. 
BE CONSTRUCTED FOR LEE AS 
►AUTOCLAVE, HORIZONTAL. 
TIRES. 
CHEMICAL WARFARE. 
►BE PREPARED TO MCVE OUT THE EXHAUSTION 
DESKS AND TABLES. 
►ELECTRIC MOTOR FOR DENTAL DRILL. 
► INSTITUTE AM M3 REFIACEMSRF FOUL MADE OF 
CASES. 
► PLAN ROTATION OF ALL PERSONNEL. 
►ELECTRIC CAST CUTTER. 
► NEED RESTAURANT CAN OPENERS. 
MBS FROM STAGING MEDICAL OBITS FOR OTHER 
UNITS NEEDING THEM. 
REPLACE CARDIOLOGIST WITH GENERAL MEDICAL 
MEM. 
► ENCOURAGE PUBLICATION OF ARTICLES IN MEDI- 
CAL AND TRAINING JOURNALS. 
►more tables, desks, and 
CHAIRS. 
►POSITIVE PRESSURE ANESTHESIA MACHINE. 
►OBSTETRICAL FORCEPS, 
► NEED MOKE SPARE PARTS FOE 
STOVES. 
► SAFE FOR PATIENTS 
►A DRINKER RESPIRATOR 
VALUABLES. 
►SHOCK THERAPY MACHINE FOE PSYCBOTICS. 
► HEED MORE LISTER BAGS (l6 PER 
►RADIOS FOR PATIENTS. 
500 BEDS). 
(/) 
► MACb SHOULD HAVE PARALLEL TRAINING IN 
HOSPITAL ADMINISTRATION. 
► TRAIN MACS IN PROFESSIONAL 
► ASSIGN MOKE MACS TO EACH TACTICAL UNIT. 
►REGISTRAR AMD PERSONNEL MAC OFFICERS SHOOLD 
► PIANO. 
►SKELETON FOR INSTRUCTION. 
► RUBBER BOOTS, (3 DOZEN PAIR PER 
d 
► ASSIGN 1 MAC TO SURGICAL SERVICE AND QtjE 
TO MEDICAL SERVICE. 
► NEED 8 MACS PER 500 BED HOSPITAL. 
BE ESPECIALLY WELL-TRAINED BEFORE BEING 
ASSIGNED TO UNITS. 
►PARALLEL TRAINING FOR ALL ADMINISTRATIVE 
► ELIMINATE TEE REPRINTING 
MACHINE. 
general 
UNIT) 
► upright steam BOIIKR. 
<t 
ADMINISTRATION. 
► COMGSSIQNING MACS IN THE FIELD SHOULD BE 
OFFICERS IS MCST IMPORTANT. 
►white uniforkb and aphotb for 
COOKS. 
INCREASED,. 
►HEED INCREASED MEDICAL LIBRARIES INCLUDING JOURNAIS, 
• 
► MACs SHOULD BE TRAINED TO CARE FOE 
►NEED TRAINED, EXPERIENCED SPEC. SEKV. OFFICERS. 
SURGERY TEXTS, MEDICINE TEXTBOOKS. 
s 
PATIENTS' RECORDS AND VALUABLES. 
► MACe ARE NOT ORDINARILY QUALIFIED FOE RANK 
► TRAIN MAC SUPPLY OFFICERS AT KBSS. 
►ALL EQUIPMEOT SHOULD HE FUNCTIONALLY PACKED BY 
►MORE HOSPITAL RATIONS. 
ABOVE CAPTAIN. 
WARD AND CLINIC HE5TEAD OF BY 
CIASS. 
►PROFESSIONAL EQUIPMENT IS ADEQUATE. 
• 
► NURSES SHOULD BE USED OBEY IN GENERAL AND 
-J 
►NURSES SHOULD BE USED MORE AS INSTRUCTORS 
LARGE STATION HOSPITALS. 
LaJ 
FOR TECHNICIANS. 
Should he siux ubi«y to uiyilizhd 
AREAS. 
► NURSES SHOULD NOT BE SHOT OVERSEAS. 
z 
► HORSES mam THOROUGH CEUBTATION IN ARMY 
CUSTOMS AMD PROCEDURES. 
► NURSES SHOULD ACCOMPANY UNIT WEB? IT 
► NURSES SHOULD NOT BE COMUSSICKED - 
THEY ARE NOT OFFICERS. 
z 
cn 
M3VES. 
► TRAIN NURSES AS ANESTHETISTS. 
► FEMALE NURSE ARE BEST. 
o 
LU 
► NURSES SHOULD BE SENT TO FORWARD AREAS 
cn 
tr 
► NEED HANDBOOK FG® NURSES (COMPREHENSIVE 
AND UNITS. 
► SHOULD BE UNDER 35 YEARS FOR FIELD DOTY. 
if) 
SUBJECTS). 
► ROTATE NURSES TO U.S. EVERY 18 MONTHS. 
QC 
► TRAIN NURSES 
CHIP NURSES SHOULD BE OVER 35 (MAERXED) • 
3 
► DO NOT PLACE ON SHIPS WITHOUT 
Ul 
(a) 2 TO 3 MONTHS BEFORE EMBARKATION. 
ACCOMMODATIONS FOR WOMEN. 
Z 
► PROMOTION OF NURSES SHOULD BE BY THE 
CL 
(B) PARAUJEL TRAINING ONLY. 
►ASSICS? NURSES BY SPECIALTIES. 
COMMANDING OFFICER. 
(c) FOB FIELD TRAINING. 
►RECOMMEND A EASE POOL OF NURSES. 
► NURSES SHOULD NOT BE HOSTESSES AT HEAD- 
(d.) FROM ACTIVATION DATE. 
QUARTERS AND STAFF PARTIES. 
►DO NOT SEND THEM WITH BEACHHEAD UNITS. 
►DECREASE NUMBER IN GENERAL HOSPITALS BY 
10 NORSES. 
• 
(e) AT POE. 
► ENLISTED MEN SHOOLD HAVE BASIC TRAINING, 
TECHNICAL TRAINING AND PARALLEL TRAINING 
► SCREEN ENLISTED MEN BEFORE ASS LOSING TO 
(IN THIS ORDER IN SUPERICB HOSPITALS) 
► TECHNICIANS SHOULD HAVE LONGER PARALLEL 
► SCRKar EM FOR JOBS. 
JOBS. 
TRAINING AS SOCK AS THEY FINISH ETS 
► INCREASE NUMBER OF ENLISTED MEN: 
► REPLACEMENTS SHOULD BE ONLY FROM THE 
► TRAIN WITH WEAPONS, BUILDING FOX HOLES, 
► THINK THAT ENLISTED TECHNICIANS HAVE BEEN 
KEDICAL DEPARTMENT. 
PERIMETER DEFENSE AND SHIP EMERGENCIES. 
WELL TRAINED ► TECHNICIANS SHOULD BE 
TRAINED IN! 
(a) GENERAL HOSPITALS 
(b) STATION HOSPITALS 
(c) EVACUATION HOSPITALS 
► PREFER QUALIFIED MALE TECHNICIANS TO 
FEMALE NURSES. 
► EM RESSMT OFFICER-NURSE RELATIONSHIP. 
► INCORPORATE T/O & E 8-500 (SERVICE UNITS) 
(a) INTRAVENOUS THERAPY. 
(b) ETHER AND PENTCTEAL ANESTHESIA. 
(c) ASEPTIC AND STERILE TECHNIQUE. 
► 3HLISTED TECHNICIANS, NURSES AND DOCTORS 
MCHT TRAIN AS TEAMS, 
► NCOS SHOULD HAVE MORE RESPONSIBILITY. 
INTO EACH GENERAL HOSPITAL T/O & I. 
► FURNISH TRAINING AIDS AS AVAILABLE. 
► TRAIN UTILITY MEN. 
(d) HYPODERMIC TECHNIQUE. 
► ROTATE ENLISTED MEN IN THEIR JOBS, HAVE 
Q 
(e) WARD MANAGEMENT. 
(f) "BED SIDE MANNERS." 
► COOES SHOULD BE SKILLED IN PREPARING 
UNDERSTUDY FOR EACH JOB. 
► TRAIN AIL IN HOSPITAL CONSTRUCTION AND 
LU 
DEHYDRATED FOOD. 
► OPERATING ROOM TECHNIC IANS SHOOLD HAVE 
FIELD SANITATION. 
SPECIAL MCS. 
1- 
►CONTINUOUS COURSES SHOULD BE MAINTAINED IN 
ABOVE SUBJECTS PLUS X-RAY AND LABORATORY 
► COMMISSION MALE NURSES FOR FORWARD UNITS, 
ESPECIALLY NP AND GU WARDS, 
► STOP TRANSFERS OF MEDICAL DEPARTMENT 
► INCREASE HUKBSR OF ENLISTED IN 
GENERAL AMD STATION HOSPITALS. 
0) 
_J 
z 
► MEDICAL AND SURGICAL TECHNICIANS SHOULD BE 
ENLISTED MEN TO OTHER BRANCHES, 
► KEEP ALL UNITS UP TO T/O STRENGTH, 
► STRAIGHTEN OUT PERSONNEL CLASSIFICATION 
AMD ASSIGNMENTS WHILE IN TRAINING. 
TRAINED ALIKE . ► REPLACEMENTS SHOULD BE 
TRAINED AS EARLY AS POSSIBLE . ►PREFER 
ALL SURGICAL TECHNICIANS TRAINED ON THE JOB 
► SUBSTITUTE TRAINED ENLISTED TECHNICIANS 
WHEN NURSES /ARE WITHDRAWN FOB ANY 
REASON. 
► MALE NURSES ARE NOT WANTED. 
► TRAINING PROGRAM FOR MEDICAL REPLACEMENT 
POOLS SHOULD BE IMPROVED. 
► NEED TRAINING MANUAL OK MEDICAL AND 
SURGICAL TECHNICIANS DUTIES ►TRAIN MEN 
IN FIRST AND SECOND ECHELON MAINTENANCE OF 
► REPLACEMENT DEPOTS KEEP MEDICAL DEPARTMENT 
PERSONNEL 1(0 TO 60 DAYS FOR OTHER LABOR 
BEFORE RETURNING TO UNITS. 
► HAVE FURLOUGHS AMD ACTIVATION ADMINISTRA- 
TIVE PROBLEMS COMPLETED BY ACTIVATION 
UNIT. 
► FURNISH HANDBOOKS ON MEDICAL AND SURGICAL 
NURSING CARE. 
LU 
PROFESSIONAL EQUIPMENT . ► TECHNICIANS 
SHOULD HAVE HIGH SCHOOL EDUCATION AND AGCT 
SCORE III OR HIGHER ► TECHNICIANS NEED 
►PATIENTS SHOULD BE RETURNED DIRECTLY 
TO UNIT WHEN RELEASED FROM HOSPITAL. 
► TEACH IMPROVISATIONS. 
► MSN IN TROPES NEED MORE REST AND SLEEP. 
SPECIAL TRAINING FOR NP CASES, OCCUPATIONAL 
THERAPY AND PT TECHNICIANS ► TRAIN FOR 
PHYSICAL ENDURANCE ► TRAIN ONE MAN FROM 
► DEMAND HIGHER STANDARDS OF HYGIENE AND 
► DO NOT WANT WAC TECHNEIAHS OVERSEAS. 
► HEED REVISED T/O & E FOR HOSPITALS FOR 
- v 
SANITATION, USE ONLY FLY-PROOF 
THBY WOULD INCREASE ADMINISTRATIVE 
FIELD SERVICES. 
EACH CLINIC, WARD AND SERVICE IN A PACKING, 
PROBLEMS. 
► NEED MCRE REPLACEMENTS QUICKLY. 
►RED CROSS PERSONNEL HEED COURSE OF 
INDOCTRINATION IN ARMf ADMINISTRATION. 
MEED HQBBY-LOBBY SHOP FOE HOSPITAL DETACH- 
MENTS AND AMBULATORY PAT TESTS. 
► ASSIGN MEDICAL ARTIST AMD PHOTOGRAPHER 
WITH EQUIPMENT. 
CRATING SCHOOL ►TRAIN MEN IK ELECTRO- 
CARDIOGRAPHY ► INTRODUCE MEN TO THE 
FIELD GRADUALLY TO ELIMINATE NP PROBLEMS 
► STRESS ADEQUATE SALT INTAKE ►TRAIN MEN 
► STRESS MALARIA CONTROL MEASURES. 
PLANT 
IK SMALL ARMS, ESPECIALLY GRENADES, SCOUTING 
► CAXEE SHOULD NOT BE SEWT IN TEE HIGHER 
GRADES. 
► REVIEW MOUNTAIN EVACUATION TRAINING. 
BUILDINGS 
UTILITIES 
► MAKE BCSPTTAIS SELF-SUFFICIENT UNITS. 
►PARALLEL TRAINING IS IMPORTANT. 
► ICE CREAM MACHINERY IS HEEDED IK 
(a) GENERAL HOSPITALS 
► PREFABRICATED UNITS (QUONSET HUTS) ARE SUPERIOR XU TENTS. 
(b) STATION HOSPITALS 
►DISREGARD THE GENEVA CONVENTION, ESPECIALLY 
FORWARD UNITS. 
► STRESS VALUE OF LIAISON WITH FORWARD UNITS, 
THE NAVY ETC. 
►THERE SHOULD BE SOP FOE EACH UNIT. 
►ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICER SHOULD JOIN ON 
►NAVY TYPE QUONSET FROM NAVY SHOULD BE ADOPTED. 
(c) FIELD HOSPITALS 
(d) EVACUATION HOSPITALS 
►BUILD MESS HALLS AND LATRINES FIRST. 
► PLAN IB US CONVALESCENT PATIENTS TO HELP 
ACTIVATION: 
COMMANDING OFFICER 
► EQUIPMENT AND TENT OR BUILDING FOR CHAPEL. 
► ICE MACHINERY NEEDED IN 
LOCATE BCSPTTAIS BETTER. 
HUN HOSPITAL. 
CHIEF OF SERVICE 
► STEAM PRODUCING BUILDING AND BOILER UNIT. 
(a) GENERAL HOSPITALS 
(b) STATION HOSPITALS 
► FURNISH WRITTEN MATERIAL ON DISEASES MEN 
► BUILD WAUE AND DRAINAGE SYSTEMS 
EARLY. 
REGISTRAR 
WILL ACTUALLY FACE. * 
► KEN WITH OVERSEAS EXPERIENCE SHOULD TRAIN 
UNITS. 
ADJUTANT 
SUPPLY OFFICER 
► DESIGN A COMBINED BUILDING UNIT FOR SURGERY WITH SINKS, 
PLUMBING FIXTURES, ETC. 
(d) EVACUATION HOSPITALS 
► SUPPLY TB MEDS BEFORE ACTUAL CONDITIONS 
► SEND ADVANCE QUARTERING PARTIES. 
ALL PERSONNEL 
• 
► MORE REFRIGERATORS (AT LEAST 5 CU. FT. PER PATIENT). 
ARE MET. 
►CONSOLIDATE MESS AND WARDS. 
50$ MCs 
► NEED WATERPROOFING, FOR TENTS. 
► NEED MORE TRAINED UTILITY MEN WITH RATINGS ►HEED MORE 
« 
►ELIMINATE AFFILIATED UNITS. 
UTILITY EQUIPMENT 
► LAUNDRY UNITS NEEDED BY ALL 
► PARALLEL TRAINING NEEDS: 
► MEDICAL UNITS SHOULD TRAIN WHILE 
► TENT THAT IS IMPREGNATED IS 
I50 HOTTER THAN ONE UNTREATED 
HOSPITALS ►ENGINEER EQUIPMENT, TOOLS, ELECTRICIAN SETS, 
STAGING. 
► TRAIN UNITS TO EXPAND BY tBING MORE 
PLUMBERS. CARPENTERS. ETC. ► POWER SAW ►MORE 
1-3 H3HTHS 
►ATTACH SANITARY COMPANIES TO HELP MAINTAIN 
TENTS. 
► AUSTRALIAN TENT IS SUPERIOR TO U, S. 
GENERATORS NEEDED 
► GENERATORS SHOULD BE CF HEAVIER 
SUITDINGS AND DRAINAGE. 
►REORGANIZE FIELD HOSPITAL INTO EVACUATION 
►KEEP UNIT PLANS FLEXIBLE. 
DUTY TYPE WITH SLCW MOTORS ► WASHING MACHINES 
UNTIL COMUTTED. 
►FIELD HOSPITAL IS TOO IMMOBILE SINCE IT 
HOSPITAL. 
► HOSPITAL INSPECTOR SHOULD CHECK RECORDS, 
►ONE EXTRA FLY PER WARD TENT WOULD HELP. 
► HOT WATER SYSTEMS (30) 
► GASOLINE WASHING MACHINES INSTEAD 
NOT COBWEBS. 
OF ELECTRIC ►HEED 750 GALLON WATER TRAILERS AND 
WHEN STAGING. 
CANNOT MOVE WITHOUT 50 OR 60 TRUCKS. 
► REORGANIZE PORTABLE SURGICAL HOSPITAL AS 
►NEED FLY-PROOFED LATRINES. 
PUMPS ►NEED PORTABLE WATER PURIFICATION UNIT 
3 
SURGICAL TEAMS. 
►EQUIPMENT SHOULD ACCOMPANY UNIT ON ALL 
► EXTRA SHOWER HEADS 
► NEED FLUSH TOILET SYSTEKE 
► MORE MEN WITH OVERSEAS EXPERIENCE SHOULD 
►ATTACH FIELD HOSPITAL TO HIGHER 
MOVES. 
►ASSIGN ONE OFFICER PER HOSPITAL WHO IS TRAINED IN 
SERVE AS INSTRUCTORS. 
HEADQUARTERS, NOT TO DIVISIONS, 
► PLACE AMPUTEES ALL IN TEE SAME WARD. AISO 
► ACTUALLY TRAIN UNITS WITH THEIR HOSPITAL 
ENGINEERING. 
UASULmB ViunlUlirib 
« 
► HOSPITAL IN TRAINING SHOULD BE SET UP HEA 
PERMANENT STATION OR NAMED GENERAL 
HOSPITAL AND ACTUALLY RECEIVE AND TREAT 
►SEND OLD UNITS FORWARD AND LET NEW UNITS 
TAKE OVER IN REAR AREAS. 
DISFIGURING INJURIES. 
►ELIMINATE PORTABIE SURGICAL HOSPITAL AND 
TBAIBFER PERSONNEL TO CLEARING 
EQUIPMENT SET UP IN TENTS. 
► TRAIN IN CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION 
SIMULTANEOUSLY. 
GENERAL 
► REPLACE I5 TON TRUCK BY 2| ONES ► HEED BULLDOZERS 
► TRACTORS ►DUMP TRUCKS ►ROAD SCRAPER (2) ►CEMENT 
MIXER ►CRANE (3) ►CAREY-ALL TRUCKS ► DISINFEST CB, 
PATIENTS. 
►REPLACE UNITS AFTER 18 MONTE IN THE 
STATIONS, 
► UNIT TRAINING NEEDED: 
PORTABLE ►FLUOROSCOPIC LIGHT ►PUBLIC ADDRESS 
THEATERS OF OPERATION. 
10-20 DAYS, 
►HIGHER PRIORITIES NEEDED FOR HOSPITAL CONSTRUCTION. 
SYSTEMS ►HEED QUARTERMASTER OFFICER IN T/O ► NEED 
►ELIMINATE STATION HOSPITAL UNDER 500 BEDS, 
1-2 KONTJB. 
SIGN PAINTER IN T/O ►HEED VENTILATOR EQUIPMENT FOR THE 
► HOSPITAL WITH REEFERS COULD ARRIVE AT 
2 - It MONTHS. 
►SEED MEDICAL DEPARTMENT CONSTRUCTION BATTALION. 
NEW LOCATIONS WITH FRESH FOOD. 
►REORGANIZE 750 BED EVACUATION HOSPITAL AS 
►PROVIDE TRAINING EQUIPMENT ON 
GENERAL 
1000 BED GENERAL HOSPITAL. 
ACTIVATION. 
► FIXED HOSPITALS SHOULD HAVE NUCLEUS OF P.TrtMAN^NT 
► INTEGRATE HOSPITAL PERIMETER DEFENSE VOTE 
► TRAINING PROGRAM SHOULD BE 
MANDATORY. 
► ISSUE TRAINING MANUAL TO ALL UNITS. 
BUILDINGS WITH EXPANSION BY TENTS. 
NEAREST LINE UNITS. 
► SPRAY HOSPITAL AREA WITH DDT BEFORE MOVING IN. ►BRING ALL 
d 
P 
-- 
SPARE PIPES, VALVES, LATRINES, NAILS, TOOLS AND ELECTRIC 
WIRE AND OTHER CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL POSSIBLE GENERAL 
Comments 
Units 
* 
GH 
SH 
pH 
EH 
PSH 
1. 
Hospitals must be self sufficient in 
this theater. 
2 
12 
10 
1 
1 
2. 
Advise units early where to go for brief- 
ing purposes. 
A 
6 
A 
1 
3. 
Medical units should not be held in in- 
activity. 
2 
A 
3 
1 
A. 
All hospital areas should be sprayed with 
DDT to control flies as well as mosquitoes. 
2 
3 
5 
5. 
Priority for hospital construction too low 
(command posts, air fields, docks and roads 
best). 
1 
11 
16 
6, 
Units should not be kept in theater longer 
than 18 months. 
A 
2 
7. 
Improve rotation situation. 
3 
2 
1 
8. 
Get hospital nearer the front. Patients 
should arrive early for better care. 
6 
2 
9. 
Send the old units forward and let the new 
ones take over in rear areas. 
2 
O 
« 
Should not have affiliated units (wastes 
technical skill). 
A 
2 
11. 
Hospitals should be better located. 
6 
7 
12. 
Should have a Medical Department construct- 
ion battalion comparable to U.S. Navy Seabees. 
3 
3 
5 
13. 
Stop informing public that returning veterans 
will be misfits. Men will adjust themselves 
quickly to normal life. Present and stress 
this viewpoint 
1 
2 
2 
u. 
Each hospital should have a library to in- 
clude at least one good text on each pro- 
fessional specialty. 
5 
6 
2 
2 
* 
Base Surgeon 
1 GENERAL (cont'd) 
Comments 
Units 
BS 
GH 
SH 
FH 
EH 
P$H 
a. Text on neurosurgery. 
b. Good text on dermatology, 
c. Tropical disease journals. 
1 
U 
3 
1 
2 
2 
1 
1 
15. 
Improve situation regarding publications 
of professional articles submitted by 
hospital units. 
3 
2 
16. 
Hospitals should be attached to higher 
headquarters not divisions. 
2 
17. 
NP and skin diseases greatest cause for 
loss of personnel from units. 
1 
2 
1 
2 
18. 
Where possible, all amputees should be 
in the same ward(s). Same applies to 
disfiguring injuries. 
1 
2 
19. 
Must introduce the men to the field grad- 
ually. This will tend to eliminate the 
NP problem. 
1 
20. 
Fixed bed hospitals should be in permanent 
structures with temporary expansion in 
tents. 
1 
2 
21. 
Hospitals should have an orthopedic shop. 
5 
2 
22. 
Eliminate all station hospitals under 500 
beds. 
2 
3 
23. 
All hospitals 500 beds and larger should 
have a hobby-lobby shop for ambulatory 
patients and enlisted detachment. 
1 
2 
2U. 
Portable surgical hospitals, as such, have 
outlived their usefulness. 
2 
U 
25. 
Reorganize field hospitals to evacuation 
hospitals. 
Reorganize as 1000 general hospital, • 
2 
1 
2 
2 
2 
2 GENERAL (cont’d) 
Comments 
Mis 
B§ 
GH 
£H 
PH 
EH 
Pf?H 
27. Attached Sanitary Company to help main- 
tain buildings and drainage* 
2 
3 
1 
28, Attached PSH personnel to clearing stations 
or other units needing them. This would 
eliminate administrative problems. 
A 
29, Reorganize PSH as surgical teams. (5 gen- 
eral surgeons and 8, or more, highly 
trained enlisted technicians.) 
A 
30. Men in tropical and subtropical climates 
need more rest and sleep. 
1 
1 
1 
31, Adopt Navy kitchen equipment and quonset 
huts. 
5 
7 
32. Red Cross personnel should have course of 
indoctrination in army Administration. 
1 
1 
33. Field hospitals can not move under any cir- 
cumstances without addition or loan of 50 
to 60 trucks. 
3 
3A. Replacement depots are keeping the Medical 
Department personnel AO to 60 days before 
assigning to units. 
3 
3 
35. Organize Medical Supply Gp. Hq. 
1 
PERSONNEL 
1. Units should not leave the states unless 
specialties are filled with experienced men. 
1 
A 
2 
1 
1 
2 
2. Assign experienced older men to rear-ward 
units and younger men forward. 
1 
2 
1 
1 
3. Run a medical professional replacement pool 
made up of MCs assigned to staging hospital 
units. Assign officers from pool to units 
needing them. 
1 
1 
1 
3 PERSONNEL (Coat'd) 
Comments 
Units 
SH 
W 
gfl 
psa 
A. Recommend a base pool of nurses and per- 
mit units to requisition their services 
from base surgeon. (This would permit 
better usage of nurses). 
2 
2 
2 
5, Hake effort to straighten out personnel 
classification and assignment. 
1 
10 
A 
3 
6. Furnish unit with trained special service 
officer. 
3 
2 
7. Furnish unit with trained reconditioning 
officer. 
A 
2 
8. Medical Corps Officers. 
a. Affiliated unit should include some 
young MGs - not all specialties. 
5 
3 
2 
1 
b. Too many MCs are doing surgery beyond 
their training. Recommend better 
supervision. 
2 
2 
2 
c. Replace cardiologists with general med- 
ical men. 
a 
d. Furnish MC rather than Branch Immaterial 
officer for NP service. 
3 
2 
1 
e, MC as executive officer — not MAC. 
13 
1 
f. No MC over AO in combat units. 
1 
2 
2 
g. Increase number of Medical Corps 
officers. 
6 
1 
2 
h* Increase number and rating for derm- 
atologist. 
7 
3 
i. In T/O for unit, should not have cut 
number of MCs. 
2 
3 
j. Increase rank of ENT Chief and Chief 
Anesthetist. 
A PERSONNEL (cont'd) 
Comments 
Units 
S3 IGH 
SH 
FH 
EH 
PSH 
k. 
Young medical officers should be 
sent to numbered general hospitals 
for 3 months training then assigned 
to forward units. 
5 
2 
1 
9. Nurses. 
a. 
Prefer female nurses. 
2 
2 
2 
b. 
Nurses should be in general and large 
station hospitals and field hospital 
when serving as a station hospital. 
7 
6 
1 
3 
c. 
Nurses should be sent only to civilized 
areas. 
1 
1 
A 
2 
2 
d. 
Nurses should be rotated to the U.S. 
every 18 months. 
2 
2 
e. 
Nurses should go with forward units. 
1 
2 
1 
2 
f. 
Nurses should accompany unit when it 
moves. 
3 
3 
1 
g. 
Don’t send nurses over 35 years of age 
overseas. 
2 
2 
h. 
Chief nurses should be 35 years old 
with experience as chief nurse. (One 
who has been married would be better). 
3 
A 
i. 
Nurses should not be on ships with- 
out accommodations for women. 
2 
2 
1 
j • 
Nurses should not be commissioned — 
they are not officers. 
2 
A 
2 
2 
k. 
Nurses should not go in with hospi- 
tals supporting units establishing 
beachheads. 
1 
1 
1 
1. 
Commanding Officer of the unit should 
decide on promotion of nurses. He 
knows their qualifications and the unit 
situation. 
2 
3 
2 PERSONNEL (cont’d) 
Comments 
Units 
BS 
GH 
SH 
FH 
EH 
PSH 
m. 
Leave female nurses at home. 
5 
12 
5 
3 
n. 
Commission male nurses. To be used 
in forward units and in NP and GU 
wards for other hospitals. 
7 
1 
0. 
Would rather use male nurses overseas 
than female nurses. 
3 
1 
P* 
Don’t want male nurses. 
2 
1 
1 
q* 
Prefer qualified male technicians to 
female nurses. 
A 
7 
A 
2 
r. 
Give unit equal number trained enlist- 
ed technicians when nurses are taken 
away. 
2 
3 
s. 
Enlisted men resent officer-nurse re- 
lationship. 
A 
10 
A 
3 
t. 
Select nurses for assignment to hospi- 
tals by specialties (orthopedic, 
surgery, NP, etc.). 
A 
3 
u. 
Decrease number of nurses in general 
hospitals by 10. 
1 
10. Don’t want WAG technicians - would in- 
crease administrative problem. 
1 
1 
1 
11, Medical Administrative Corps. 
• 
a. 
Recommend permission for appointing 
MAGs from field be increased. 
1 
b. 
Don’t need but 8 MACs per 500 beds. 
3 
c. 
Assign 1 MAC to each medical and 
surgical service. 
2 
d. 
Assign MAC to unit. 
A 
6 PERSONNEL (cent's) 
Comments 
Units 
K 
9H 
FH 
PSH 
e. Few MAGs are qualified to hold 
rank above Captain, 
2 
f. Furnish unit with well trained 
supply officer, MSSS trained. 
2 
3 
1 
g. Assign 1 officer to hospital who is 
trained in engineering, preferably 
MAC or SnC, 
1 
3 
12, Enlisted Men, 
a. Enlisted men must be psysically fit 
(general service). 
1 
2 
3 
2 
3 
b. Replacements have been largely line 
men or men from other branches. 
1 
A 
3 
2 
2 
c. Stop transferring Medical Depart- 
ment enlisted men to other branches. 
1 
1 
3 
2 
d. All replacements should be Medical 
Department trained soldiers. 
1 
7 
A 
1 
2 
e. Furnish replacements more quickly. 
A 
f. Enlisted men hospitalized for treat- 
ment should be returned to unit when 
discharged. 
2 
2 
g. Cadre should not be sent to units in 
higher grades. (Evaluate then pro- 
mote ). 
3 
2 
SUPPLIES AND EQUIPMENT. 
1. More rations. Have forgotten the night 
shift. 
2 
2 
2. Proctoscope should have light in distal 
end. 
3 
7 SUPPLIES AND EQUIPMENT (cont’d) 
Comments 
Units 
BS 
GH 
SH 
EH 
psp 
3. 
Issue light pajamas — not wool. 
2 
1 
A. 
Generators should be heavy duty with 
slower motors. 
2 
10 
6 
5. 
More spare parts for equipment in- 
cluding stoves and shower heads. 
5 
1 
1 
1 
6. 
Replace l£T trucks with dump trucks. 
1 
1 
2 
1 
1 
7. 
Australian tents superior to U.S, Army 
tents. 
3 
1 
8. 
Prefer prefabricated buildings to tents. 
A 
3 
3 
9. 
Impregnated tent 15° hotter than untreat- 
ed one. 
1 
1 
10. 
Design combined unit for surgery so won’t 
have to build sinks for "scrubbing"t 
2 
1 
3 
3 
11. 
Gasoline washing machine instead of 
electric. 
1 
1 
1 
12. 
Need 25% canvas cot cover replacements. 
2 
1 
13. 
Need more and better opthalmoscope (May- 
head) , 
1 
1 
U. 
Improve food carts. Need large pneumatic 
tires. 
3 
3 
15. 
Need extra water proofing facilities for 
tents. 
1 
1 
2 
2 
16. 
Design a bed with "arm" that can be used 
as bedside table. 
• 
2 
2 
17. 
Crates and packing boxes should be so 
constructed that, when unpacked, can be 
used as tables and desks. 
2 
2 
2 
1 
1 
18. 
Improve developer for X-ray. Isn’t sturdy. 
2 
1 
8 SUPPLIES AND EQUIPMENT (cont'd) 
Comments 
Units 
BS 
GH 
SH ' 
FH 
EIJ' 
PSH 
19. 
Need a better X-ray for fluoroscopy. 
2 
1 
20, 
Light mobile X-ray equipment for taking 
pictures of orthopedic cases. 
2 
2 
1 
21. 
Adopt quonset huts for use by Army. 
2 
5 
7 
2 
22. 
Consider development of a flush toilet 
system for hospitals. 
2 
1 
23. 
Hospitals with reefers could arrive at 
new location with fresh food. 
2 
T/0 
& E 
1. 
T/0 & E now written for unit operating in 
garrison. Change to that in field. 
3 
1 
2. 
All units should be kept up to T/0 
strength. 
A 
3 
1 
2 
3 
3. 
Non-medical equipment in T/E most diffi- 
cult to obtain. 
2 
6 
A 
1 
A. 
Make all service teams (T/0 & E 8-500] 
a part of T/0 & E of the hospital. 
3 
18 
16 
1 
5. 
Essential that launary unit be an inte- 
gral part of hospital T/0 & E. 
3 
21 
21 
1 
6. 
Assign engineer trained enlisted men and 
one Corps of Engineer officer to unit. 
3 
2 
7. 
Assign more utility men to unit. 
A 
21 
31 
1 
8. 
More utility equipment to unit. 
5 
20 
31 
1 
9. 
Higher ratings for utility men. 
9 
7 
10. 
More cooks and bakers (25 cooks per 500 
beds), 
6 i 
7 i 
3, 
9 T/0 & E (cont !d) 
Comments 
Units 
BS 
GH 
SH 
FH 
EH ' 
PSH 
11. Increase number of enlisted men to form- 
er T/O strength. 
10 
8 
12. Increase number of enlisted men in unit. 
2 
12 
8 
1 
2 
1 
13. Air mattresses for hospitals. Less 
shipping space. Won’t need springs in 
beds. 
2 
1A. Provision, with equipment, is needed for 
chapel. 
6 
3 
15. More tents for chapel, mess, utilities 
and supplies. 
1 
2 
1 
16. Increase by 33 1/3$ the number of clerks 
allowed in T/O. 
9 
8 
3 
1 
17. Same ratings for medical and surgical 
technicians. Increase ratings for all 
hospital enlisted men. 
1 
1 
18, Operating room technicians should have 
separate MOS. 
2 
1 
1 
2 
3 
19. Include sign painter in T/O. 
1 
1 
20. Need QM officers back in T/O. 
1 
21. Assign a medical artist and medical photo- 
grapher (with equipment) to unit. 
2 
22, Medical professional equipment is 
adequate, 
1 
2 
1 
2 
23. The following items should be a part of 
t/e. 
a. Ice machine, 
5 
15 
13 
5 
3 
b. Ice cream machine. 
5 
15 
16 
6 
3 
c. Power driven circular saw. 
U 
15 
17 
3 
2 
‘ 
10 T/o & E (cont'd) 
Comments 
Units 
BS 
GH 
SH 
FH 
EH 
PSH 
d. 
Public address system. 
2 
8 
9 
2 
1 
e. 
Central hot water (steam) system. 
3 
9 
3 
f. 
More refrigeration (minimum of 3 cu. 
ft. reefer space per patient). 
7 
17 
19 
5 
1 
g. 
More generators. 
5 
5 
15 
A 
2 
h. 
Kitchen labor-saving devices. (Dish- 
washing machine, bread slicer, meat 
slicer, mixers, etc.). 
3 
U 
11 
2 
i. 
Engineer equipment (tool chests, 
pioneer chests, electrician, plumbers, 
carpenters and general utility chests). 
7 
13 
10 
2 
1 
1 
J. 
Bulldozer. 
A 
11 
A 
2 
k. 
750 gallon water trailers with pumps 
and water tanks. 
A 
6 
6 
5 
2 
1. 
Mobile steam producing unit. 
5 
6 
6 
1 
m. 
1 fly per ward tent. 
2 
1 
2 
n. 
Portable water purification unit. 
2 
2 
6 
2 
2 
o. 
More vehicles (ambulances to T/O of 
Evacuation Hospitals). 
A 
7 
6 
5 
A 
A 
P- 
Bake ovens. 
1 
7 
6 
q- 
More field ranges of Weil's cookers. 
3 
5 
2 
r. 
Portable showers. 
1 
A 
5 
5 
A 
s. 
Air-borne rubber tired tractor. 
A 
A 
t. 
More microscopes. 
5 
3 
1 
1 
u. 
Cystoscope. 
2 
11 T/O & E fd) 
Comments 
Units 
BS ’ 
GH 
SH 
FH 
EH 
PSH 
V. 
Electrocardiograph. 
2 
w. 
More immersion heaters. 
8 
8 
X, 
Frying grill for each kitchen. 
6 
A 
y- 
Additional heavy typewriters. 
2 
A 
A 
2 
z. 
Additional raemeographs. 
2 
2 
2 
aa. 
Movie projector (16 mm) 
3 
6 
2 
ab. 
More oxygen tents. 
2 
1 
ac. 
Washing machines. 
1 
A 
5 
6 
A 
ad. 
Air conditioning equipment for surgery. 
3 
ae. 
Increase number of lyster bags to 
16/500 beds. 
1 
2 
af. 
Soft drink dispensers. 
7 
A 
ag. 
Motor driven bone saw. 
2 
1 
1 
ah. 
Suction outfit. 
2 
al. 
C02 Unit. 
1 
1 
aj. 
1-B cu. ft. ice boxes per 50 beds. 
3 
A 
5 
ak. 
Horizontal autoclave. 
1 
1 
1 
al. 
Crane. 
2 
1 
am. 
Cement mixer. 
3 
5 
2 
an. 
Dump trucks. 
3 
2 
A 
2 
1 
ao. 
Carry all. 
2 
ap. 
Ventilating equipment for darkroom. 
A 
A 
aq. 
Small welding outfit. 
1 
A 
2 
12 T/O & E (cont'd) 
Comments 
Units 
BS 
GH 
SH 
FH 
EH 
PSH 
24, Other items recommended. 
a. 
Laboratory equipment to do Kahn test 
and blood smears. 
1 
1 
b. 
White uniforms or jackets for enlist- 
ed technicians and cooks. 
2 
2 
c. 
Water plant. 
1 
2 
d. 
Road scraper. 
2 
2 
1 
e. 
Portable disinfestor. 
1 
f. 
Can opener. 
3 
2 
A 
1 
g. 
Upright steam boilers for mess hall. 
1 
1 
1 
h. 
Obstetrical forceps. 
1 
i. 
Fluoroscopic lights. 
1 
j • 
Safes for safekeeping of patients 
deposits and effects. 
1 
2 
k. 
Electric shock therapy machine for 
treating psychotics* 
1 
1. 
Drinker respirator. 
1 
m. 
Rubber hose and water pipes and pipe 
fillings. 
1 
3 
2 
1 
n. 
Shower heads, faucets and washers. 
2 
A 
1 
1 
0. 
Tables, chairs, and desk and lumber. 
1 
3 
2 
P. 
Radios. 
2 
1 
q. 
Piano. 
1 
1 
r. 
Electric motor, l/A to 1/2 h.p. for 
dental drills, etc. 
2 
1 
13 T/O & E (cont’d) 
Comments 
Units 
BS 
GH 
SH 
FH 
EH 
PSH 
s. Electric cast cutter to remove 
plaster casts. 
2 
1 
t. Rubber boots (3 dozen pair per unit). 
2 
2 
u. Include skeleton in T/E. 
1 
1 
25. 
Equipment should be functionally packed 
(by wards and clinics). 
3 
o 
#•» 
L 
6 
26. 
Pos pressure anaes machine for chest 
surgery. 
1 
27. 
Extra mosquito nets. 
2 
28. 
Extra cots, blankets, and sheets. 
2 
29. 
Each EM should have a machete. 
1 
30. 
Need two beauticians for nurses. 
3 
1 
TRAINING 
1. 
All commanding officers should attend a 
course or school for commanding officers 
before joining unit. 
3 
1 
3 
2 
2. 
All MCs should be sent to Carlisle be- 
fore joining unit. 
2 
10 
9 
L 
1 
3. 
Nurses should have orientation course on 
Array nursing procedures, and indoctrina- 
tion in military courtesies and customs. 
u 
7 
3 
2 
A. 
MAGs should have parallel training in 
hospital administration. 
2 
6 
5. 
Personnel officer, registrar, and detach- 
ment commanders must be well trained, 
(Parallel training most important). 
5 
6 
2 
1 
6. 
Hospital inspectors should check the re- 
cords of the unit — not cobwebs. 
2 
1 TRAINING (cont fd) 
Comments 
Units 
BS 
GH 
SH 
FH 
EH 
PSH 
7, Nurses should be used more in teaching 
nursing procedures to enlisted men. 
16 
9 
1 
2 
1 
8. Have all furloughs and administrative 
problems of activation completed on the 
date of unit activation. 
A 
5 
A 
(On activation 
A 
A 
6 
1 
(For field training 
A 
3 
9. Medical Officers (2-3 mos before embarka- 
should join unit, tion 
3 
A 
(For parallel training 
2 
2 
1 
(On activation 
2 
3 
1 
(For field training 
1 
A 
2 
10. Nurses should (For parallel training 
9 
5 
1 
join unit. (2-3 mos before embark- 
ing 
9 
A 
2 
(At POE or 2 weeks be- 
fore 
1 
2 
11. Personnel that should join unit on acti- 
vation. 
a. Administrative officers, commanding 
officers, chiefs of services and 
chief nurses. 
10 
3 
3 
2 
b, 50$ of MCs plus administrative offi- 
cers. 
3 
2 
1 
c. All personnel. 
7 
5 
3 
1 
(Basic Training 
17 
13 
3 
A 
2 
12. Enlisted men (Enlisted technicians 
should have had training 
u 
U 
3 
3 
6 
(Parallel training 
15 
16 
3 
3 
2 
(10 days -3 wks. 
1 
6 
2 
1 
1 
(Unit training (1 mo. - 2 mos. 
3 
9 
2 
2 
1 
13. Unit ( (2 mos - A mos. 
3 
3 
1 
A 
should ( 
have ( (1-3 mos. 
9 
5 
2 
(Parallel tng (Until committed. 
A 
11 
A 
2 
3 
(Hien staging. 
9 
9 
A 
2 
5 
15 TRAINING (cont'd) 
Comments 
Units 
BS ' 
GH ’ 
SH 
FH * 
EH' 
PSH 
u. 
Enlisted technicians should have high 
school education and AGCT score of III 
or above. 
1 
A 
1 
15. 
Enlisted technicians should have parallel 
training in good hospital immediately after 
finishing ETS course. 
11 
1A 
5 
2 
5 
16. 
Doctors, nurses and enlisted technicians 
must train as teams during parallel train- 
ing. 
5 
A 
2 
3 
5 
17. 
Train medical and surgical technicians 
alike, 
8 
7 
2 
3 
2 
To give anaesthesia. 
7 
6 
A 
A 
7 
(IV pentothal and drop ether) 
To give hypodermics. 
2 
7 
3 
A 
6 
To give intravenouses. 
6 
9 
A 
3 
5 
To care for NP cases. 
2 
3 
3 
1 
War management. 
2 
2 
1 
’’Bedside” manner. 
5 
7 
1 
18. 
Train en- Isolation procedures. 
3 
2 
listed men Aseptic & sterile technic. 
10 
12 
2 
5 
5 
in ETS. In occupational therapy. 
3 
3 
As P.T. technicians. 
3 
A 
19. 
Prefer all surgical technicians and train- 
ed on-the-job in operating room technic. 
(Aseptic and sterile technic). 
7 
6 
1 
3 
6 
20. 
Screen enlisted men for jobs. 
U 
9 
7 
5 
5 
21. 
Enlisted men with basic and enlisted 
technician training have been well trained. 
u 
10 
7 
A 
5 
22. 
Train enlisted men in 1st and 2nd echelon 
maintenance of the equipment they use. 
6 
8 
3 
2 
16 TRAINING (cont’d) 
Comments 
Units 
BS 
GH 
SH 
FH 
EH 
PSH 
(Laboratory technic 
23. Hospital ((parasitology) 
should have (X-ray technic 
courses to (Operating room technic 
continually (Ward management 
train enlist-(In physical therapy 
ed men in (Aseptic and sterile technic 
A 
5 
6 
5 
A 
6 
5 
3 
5 
6 
3 
5 
2 
1 
1 
5 
2 
5 
1 
2 
5 
2A. Hospitals in training should be set up 
near permanent station or general hospi- 
tals and actually receive and treat 
patients (get every 2nd or 3rd admis- 
sion) . 
7 
6 
1 
A 
25. Train utility men of all categories. 
2 
12 
10 
1 
26. Train enlisted men and male officers in 
use and care of weapons. 
3 
8 
12 
9 
6 
5 
27. More men with overseas experience should 
be used in training men in units. 
A 
5 
6 
A 
2 
28, Enlisted men should have training with 
Infantry medical unit before assignment 
to hospital. 
2 
1 
29. Stress military courtesies and discipline 
in training. 
2 
3 
5 
1 
2 
30. Nurses should be trained to give anaesthesia. 
9 
7 
2 
1 
31. Dental Corps officers should be trained 
to give anesthesia. 
3 
2 
3 
1 
32. Train enlisted men in operation and main- 
tenance of electrocardiograph. 
1 
1 
33. One enlisted man from surgery, each clinic, 
medical and surgical wards should attend 
packing and crating school. 
1 
2 
2 
3A. Include dietetics course for cooks and 
bakers. In palatable preparation of 
dehydrated food. 
_L 
7. 
1 TRAINING (cont»d) 
Comments 
Units 
BS 
GH 
SH 
FH 
EH 
PSH 
35. Train enlisted men in care of patients 
in foxholes, security, common use of 
weapons, perimeter defense, swimming, 
abandoning ship, security on shipment, 
and map reading. 
2 
3 
3 
4 
36. Stress appreciation and maintenance of 
all equipment. 
1 
1 
1 
37. Keep at least one man trained and up to 
date in chemical warfare. 
1 
1 
2 
1 
38, Train units in hospital construction (tent 
pitching, floor construction, etc.). 
3 
9 
11 
1 
39, Stress instruction in field sanitation. 
2 
4 
10 
3 
3 
1 
a. Building and care of latrine in 
different type of terrain. 
4 
6 
3 
1 
b. Water purification. 
5 
3 
2 
3 
1 
c. Garbage disposal. 
2 
4 
1 
2 
d. Fly proofing. 
5 
4 
3 
e. Other sanitary precautions and their 
importance, 
7 
9 
3 
3 
4.0. Teach improvisations. 
1 
4 
1 
2 
41. Cut down on training in cover and conceal- 
ment, mines and booby traps (as now 
taught), and dismounted drill. 
3 
42. Train in functional packing of equipment. 
3 
5 
4 
4 
43. Teach professional administration. 
8 
9 
3 
1 
44* Have understudy in each job. Rotate en- 
listed men on assignments. 
3 
6 
3 
45. Start training replacements early. 
12 
5 
3 
3 
18 TRAINING (cont'd) 
Comments 
- 
Units 
BS 
GH 
SH 1 
FH 
EH 
PSH 
46. Include in course at Carlisle, 
a. Military aspect of professional care 
of patients (Army first, individual 
second — "mass production basis"). 
1 
3 
2 
1 
1 
b, War medicine and surgery briefing. 
2 
2 
2 
1 
c. Information on intelligence. 
1 
d. Personnel affairs. 
1 
e. Logistics. 
3 
2 
3 
f. POM 
2 
g. Special services. 
3 
4 
2 
h. Motor pool management. 
4 
3 
2 
1 
i. Claims and investigations. 
1 
J. I & E. 
1 
1 
k. Calculating cargo space. 
2 
5 
2 
1. Combat landing. 
2 
3 
m. Tropical diseases and those common to 
China and Japan. 
1 
9 
7 
7 
4 
47. One MAC in each unit must be trained to 
take care of company funds and patients’ 
records. 
4 
3 
48. Furnish units coming to this theater written 
information on diseases they are to face 
(malaria, skin diseases, diarrhea, dysen- 
tery, infectious hepatitis, scrub typhus, 
dengue, schistosomiasis, cholera, plague, 
fungus infections of feet, and heat rash). 
2 
7 
8 
2 
2 
49, Need handbook (cook book style) on medical 
and surgical nursing. Include operating 
room technic. 
6 , 
7 , TRAINING (cont*d) 
Comments 
Units 
BS 
GH 
SH 
FH 
EH 
PSH 
50. 
Handbook for nurses on military courtesies 
and customs, wearing of uniform, officer- 
nurse -enlisted relationship, field sani- 
tation, medical records, organization of 
the Array and of the Medical Department, 
and chain of evacuation. 
8 
5 
2 
51. 
Make training aids available as completed. 
(Films, film strips, manuals, and graphic 
training aids.) 
15 
17 
4 
2 
52. 
SOP on units. Who is to do what when in 
loading, unloading, sanitary installations, 
etc. Priority for use of buildings. Plan 
for evacuation. 
2 
5 
5 
53. 
Manual on the unit. 
2 
1 
1 
1 
54. 
Issue unit training equipment on activa- 
tion of unit so it can train with the equip- 
ment. 
1 
2 
5 
5 
55. 
Actually set up hospital with equipment in 
tents during training period. 
6 
10 
7 
3 
56. 
Equipment should accompany unit on all moves. 
1 
2 
2 
57. 
Send advanced party to new stations to 
guard equipment and locate cite. 
4 
5 
1 
58. 
Commanding officers must learn possibili- 
ties and limitations of T/0 & E early. 
7 
9 
4 
3 
1 
59. 
NCOs must be given responsibility. Too 
many officers try to be NCOs. 
4 
6 
1 
2 
60. 
Proper placing of responsibility permits 
better supervision. Have administrative 
officers do administration and professional 
officers, professional work. 
2 
3 
61. 
Nurses should not be allowed to serve as 
hostesses for headquarters and service 
parties. Proper indoctrination and 
leadership. 
5, 
8 
1 
20 TRAINING (cont’d) 
Comments 
Units 
BS 
GH 
SH 
FH 
EK 
PSH 
62. 
Training program for Medical Department 
Replacement Pools should be improved. 
1 
1 
63. 
Publications. TB Meds needed and not 
being received. Information on medical 
problems of area should reach unit be- 
fore unit reaches the area. Get basic 
routine publications to unit. 
2 
2 
1 
64. 
Tftien the Infantry Division is staging, 
the hospital should serve as source of 
professional training. 
3 
3 
2 
65. 
Advise units they will often not be used 
as trained in Zone of Interior. 
2 
5 
66. 
Each unit should be prepared to take more 
patients than T/0 calls for. 
7 
9 
7 
4 
67. 
Hospital will get medical and exhaustion 
cases. 
2 
3 
68. 
Building of walks and roads early is very 
important. Drainage is most important 
from health viewpoint. 
9 
5 
69. 
Advise consolidated messes and make wards 
larger to conserve personnel. 
1 
3 
5 
2 
70. 
Stress value of liaison — field unit 
surgeon with line surgeon and with Navy, 
etc, 
13 
19 
4 
2 
71. 
The following subjects were suggested for 
training films. Maintenance of ordinary 
medical equipment such as litters; operat- 
ing room technic; technic of blood trans- 
fusion and plasma administration; ortho- 
pedic ward technic; methods of handling 
Medications; handling of patients with 
casts; pre-operative and post operative 
care; application of dressings (wet 
dressings); treatment of burns; basic TRAINING (cont'd) 
Comments 
Units 
BS 
GH 
SH 
FH 
EH 
P3H 
sterile and aseptic technic; nursing 
care of post-operative belly cases; 
morale film on plastic surgery; and 
films to show effects of poor nursing 
(patient in trouble ?/ith ward men at 
mess; ward men asleep while patient 
takes care of another patient; large 
influx of patients on cots in sun 
with ward men at mess, etc.). 
72. 
Stress schistosomiasis discipline — 
the treatment is no good. 
A 
3 
73. 
Psychology texts are the bunk. 
7 
7 L. 
Have to construct own hospital and at 
same time take patients. 
6 
13 
2 
75. 
All moves are different so plan for 
unit movement must be flexible. 
A 
76. 
Disregard the Geneva Convention, Protect 
each ambulance. Beware of infiltration. 
Must have strong perimeter. 
2 
3 
9 
A 
3 
77, 
Any hospital unit should be prepared to 
expand from surgical nucleus. Set up for 
immediate use and add as can, or need to. 
3 
78. 
Bring along all the spare pipe and spare 
parts and spickets you can get. Should 
have plenty nails and tools, knock down 
wash stands and latrines (8 per 100 is 
far too little) and urinals. 
1 
7 
5 
3 
79. 
Must use the convalescent patients to 
help run the hospital. Use in post 
office, post exchange, etc. 
13 
11 
00 
o 
• 
Build mess halls and latrines first. 
11 
8 
2 
81. 
Training programs should be mandatory. 
2 
3 
2 
22 • PERSONNEL • 
• UNIT EMPLOYMENT • 
• EQUIPMENT • 
M C 
MAC 
NURSES 
E M 
EVAC. 
SYSTEM 
HOSPITALS 
CLEARING 
COMPANIES 
COLLECTING 
COMPANIES 
MEDICAL 
DETACHMENTS 
UNIT AND t/e 
AUTOMOTIVE 
MISCL. 
• CLEARING COMPANY 
► HEED 3 CLEARING PLATOONS PER 
►NEED BETTER TRAINED 
REPLACEMENTS. 
► CONVERT PORTABLE SURGICAL. 
HOSPITALS INTO SURGICAL 
DIVISION. 
► HEED MEDICAL LABORATORY 
► MORE LITTER BEAKERS. 
► THREE LABORATORY CHESTS AHD PORTABLE X-RAY EQUIPMENT 
PER CLEARING COMPANY ► PORTABLE ANAESTHESIA 
APPARATUS ►MORE REFRIGERATION MOUNTED ON TRAILERS 
COLLECTING COMPANIES 
' AND 
► SHOULD HAVE BADGE FOR ALL 
TECHNICIANS IN TEE CLEARING 
► NEED WHOLE BLOOD FOP AID 
PER CLEARING PLATOON ► TWO 3 K.W. GENERATORS 
MEDICAL DETACHMENTS 
DIVISION MEDICS. 
►1)00 BED EVACUATION HOSPITALS ABE 
STATION. 
► CHE WASHING MACHINE ► HORIZONTAL STERILIZER 
►ROTATION OF ALL PERSONNEL BADLY 
► NEED MORE REPLACEMENTS. 
HEEDED IN THE PHILIPPINES. 
STATIONS. 
► DENTAL CHESTS 6l AND 62 DI CLEARING COMPANY 
HEEDED FROM TEE TROPICS. 
► AMPEtBIOIB PLANE PKR DIVISION 
►MKB 500 BED STATION HOSPITALS. 
► HEED AN EXPERIENCED SURGEON 
FOE SUPERVISION. 
► HEED ICE BOX. 
► SMALL AUTOCLAVE PER PLATOON ►CARBON DIOXIDE TANK 
IN CLEARING COMPANY ► FOLDING OPERATING TABLE 
► 2 ONE QUARTER TON TRUCK PER 
AID STATION. 
►TRAINING FILMS HEEDED; 
►EXPERIENCED MCe HEEDED 3H 
► CLEARING COMPANY HEEDS 
LANDING STRIP. 
► NEED METHOD TO RELIEVE AID 
► ORTHOPEDIC TABLE ►ADDITIONAL MICROSCOPES 
CLEARING STATIONS. 
LABORATORY TECHNICIANS FOR 
► MORE 1000 BED GENERAL HOSPITALS. 
►MORE '.TRAINING AIDS. 
► OPHTHALMOSCOPE ►ELECTRIC OTOSCOPE 
► MORE AMBULANCES HEEDED. 
MALARIA 
MALARIA AHD INTESTINAL 
► 96 L5s NEEDED PER ARMY. 
STATION OF PATIENTS WED 
► SMALL SUCTION APPARATUS ►MORE 
► 50% AMBULANCES, AT PRESENT, 
► AIL HEED PHYSICAL TRAINING. 
DlbKASiiib. 
►DISCIPLINE OF AIL KINDS. 
►AUXILIARY SURGICAL TEAMS 
SHOULD HAVE "LIGHT DUTY" 
PAJAMAS CF LIGHT MATERIAL ►AIR MATTRESSES WITH AIR 
VENEREAL DISEASE 
• 
►ADD 2 MCs AND 1 DC TO MEDICAL 
►MACS ARE FAIR AS BATTALION 
► MALE NURSES SHOULD BE 
► 2 X-RAY TECHNICIANS IN 
► NEED REESTABLISHMENT OF THE 
MEDICAL REGIMENT IN EACH 
►MAKE HOSPITALS SELF-SUSTAINING. 
ATTACHED TO CLEARING 
COMPANIES IN LIEU OF PORTABLE 
ONLY. 
PILLCW ATTACHED ►ELECTRIC FANS ►COMMUNICATIONS 
SERVICE ►FOUR MAYO TABUS PER CLEARING COMPANY 
NEED REPLACEMENT. 
CO 
BATTALION. 
SURGEONS' ASSISTANTS. 
COMMISSIONED. 
CLEARING COMPANY WITH 
DIVISION AS PRESENT SYSTEM 
SURGICAL HOSPITALS. 
► MORE SURGICAL EBTROEHTS IN 
► PORTABLE LANTERN SETS ►EXTRA OPERATING LAMPS CP. TWC 
► ONE 1-TON TRAILER WITH 
FEAR 
RATING. 
HUS NO ESPRIT DE CORPS. 
► EXECUTIVE OFFICERS IN HOSPITAL 
► COLLECTING STATIONS SHOULD HE 
ISOLATED STATIONS. 
COLEMAN LANTERNS ► EXTRA BASIC INSTRUMENT SET 
REGIMENTAL MEDICAL SECTION, 
G.I, BILL OF RIGHTS 
c 
►ADD 6 MCs AHD 2 DCs TO EACH 
► 2 RED CROSS GIRIS NEEDED WITH 
► PHARMACIST T5 IN CLEARING 
COMPANY. 
UNITS SHOULD BE M3 a - NOT MACS. 
► INCREASE ADMISSION SECTION 
RETAINED BY THE DIVISION. 
► SUPPLY OF PENICILLIN FOR GO 
CASES. 
►RIB RETRACTOR AND A RIBBON RETRACT OR ► OXYGEN MASKS 
1 
DIVISION. 
► GOOD NCO WHL DO AS WELL. 
COFFEE AND DOUGHNUTS FOR 
BATTLE NPs. 
► NEED HOSPITAL SHIP IN EIGHTH 
ARMY. 
► HEED MDBS NP REST CAMPS (HOT 
AND GIVE RATINGS. 
► HOKE SEPARATE COLLECTING 
► PUT BONE SET BACK CN T/E ►EXTRA MEDICAL TEXT- 
BOOKS 
► DO NOT REDUCE NUMBER OF 
AMBULANCES. 
INTRAVENOUS THERAPY 
UkJ 
►BATTALION COMMANDERS AND 
►NEED GOOD MAC OR SnC ASSISTANT 
► 2 ELECTRICIANS T5. 
HOSPITALS) FOE 1) DAY BEST, BATH 
AND 3 HOT MEALS. 
► PHARMACY SECTION. 
COMPANIES. 
► INCREASE RANK OF REGIMENTAL 
PENTOTHAI ANESTHESIA 
DIVISION SURGEON SHOULD EE 
FOR THE COLONEL VC HI ARMY 
► CHIEF NURSE IN ARMY HEADQUARTERS 
► ARMY SURGEON SHOULD BE WITH 
COLLECTING COMPANIES AHD MEDICAL DETACHMENTS 
CLEARING COMPANY 
UJ 
SAME PERSON. 
HEADQUARTERS. 
SHOULD HAVE RANK OF MAJOR. 
► 2 ARTIFICERS PER COMPANY TO 
► HEED DENTAL LABORATORY AHD 
SURGEON. 
►MORPHINE SYRETTE SHOULD HE 
_ 
►HEED BED NETTING LIKE THE NAVY 
TECHNICIANS (ONLY WAY FOR 
►AUTOSCOPE, ELECTRIC ►OPHTHALMOSCOPE ►JUNGLE 
► MORE AMBUIANCES. 
2 
►EXECUTIVE OFFICER SHOULD BE MC. 
CAKE FOR WEAPONS. 
WITH THE IIAVY IS VERT 
IN COLOR. 
INFANTRY TO GET DENTURES OR 
► SMALL GAS STOVE FOR HOT 
LITTERS, FOLDING ►WATCHES FOR MCs ► 21 GAUGE 
CUT TO l/h GRAIN. 
► 1 TU RATION SERGEANT IN 
IMPORTANT. 
H 
Hi 
a 
£ 
K 
g 
i 
\ 
PLATES). 
COFFEE IN 5 GALLON CANS. 
NEEDLE INSTEAD OF l8 OH PLASMA SETS ►X-RAY GAS 
►FOUR ADDITIONAL 2^—TON 
► MAINTENANCE TECHNICIANS 
►NEED TRAINING REPLACEMENT FOB 
' BUILDINGS, MESS, SURGERY, AHD 
BURNERS FOR COFFEE IN 5 GALLON CANS ► COMMUNICA- 
• 
EVERY JOB INCLUDING CO. 
BATTALION MEDICAL HEADQUARTERS. 
► PALLETS FOR LOADING PATIENTS 
1) WARD UNITS. 
► FACILITIES FOR REFRACTIONS. 
► ADD OTOSCOPE ELECTRIC, 
TICKS SERVICE ►WATERPROOF MD CHESTS WHICH ARE SMALLER 
TRUCKS PER CLEARING 
NEEDED ALL ALONG THE 
OH SKIPS. 
►HOSPITALS HEED UTILITY EQUIPMENT 
AND MEN. 
FOR CARRYING ►NEED MORPHINE FOE PLATOON AHD SECTION 
COMPANY. 
LIKE. 
*MCs SHOULD EE TOED THEY UHL BE 
► A PODIATRIST. 
► HEED 8 MEN FOE GUARD DETAIL. 
► NEED FOLDING JUNGLE LITTER, 
LEADER ►PROVISION FOR WHOLE BLOOD SHOULD BE PROVIDED 
RELEASED FROM ARMY AT SOME 
► PLUMBERS, CARPENTERS, AND 
► MCs HEED WATCHES. 
FOE IN AID STATIONS. WILL SAVE MANY HOURS DELAY 
► MORE TRAILERS. 
DEFINITE TIME. 
►HOSPITALS NEED GENERALLY A BULL- 
► HEED EXTRA BED NETS AND 
► ESTABLISH FUNCTIONAL "BATTLE BOXES" 
ETC., HEEDED IN HOSPITALS. 
DOSER, B3E CREAM UNITS, KITCHEN 
ATABRUffl. 
► NO. 21 GAUGE NEEDLE INSTEAD 
►ADDITIONAL WATER TRAILERS. 
► ENLISTED MEN SHOULD BE GENERAL 
LABOR SAVING DEVICES, EEFRPGEB- 
MEDICAL BATTALION HEADQUARTERS 
►AMBUIANCES SBDULD BE 
ATQRS,WASHING MACHINES, ICE 
► MORE SEPARATE CLEARING 
OF 16 ON PLASMA SET. 
SERVICE CLASS AND PHYSICALLY 
MACHINES AND LAUNDRY UNITS. 
COMPANIES. 
► MIMEOGRAPH IN MEDICAL BATTALION HEADQUARTERS ►IS INCH 
6x6. 
FIT. 
CARRIAGE TYPS/RITER ►MOBILE REFRIGERATION FOR DIVISION 
► HEED MORE CAPABLE MEN. 
MEDICAL SUPPLY ►TWO TRAINING SERGEANTS TO HANDLE 
DIVISION MEDICAL SUPPLY 
►REPLACEMENTS HAVE HO MEDICAL 
TRAINING. 
►YOUNG MCs PLACED IN GENERAL 
HOSPITALS INSTEAD OF IN AID 
STATIONS. 
► AID MEN SHOULD GET COMBAT 
►PATIENTS ARE RETURNED TO DUTY 
► HEW C RATIONS ARE OKAY BUT 
K RATIONS AND OLD TYPE 0 
► MCs IN BATTALION AID STATIONS 
INFANTRY MEN'S PAY. 
► PORTABLE SURGICAL HOSPITALS HAVE 
TOO SOON SO MUST BE KPT.D IN 
► FIRST AID POUCHES SHOULD BE SHALLOWER AND WIDER (LIKE 
JAPANESE KIT). IT AISO SHOULD BE WATERPROOF, 
• 
SHOULD BE ROTATED TO CLEARING 
COMPANIES AND FARTHER BACK. 
► REPLACEMENTS HAVE BEEN 
USUALLY 50$ SHORT. 
OUTLIVED USEFULNESS ALTHOUGH THEY 
WERE OKAY IN JUNGLES. 
► NEED MJERE TRAINED MEN RATHER 
THAW SURGICAL TEAMS WHOSE 
THE WAY. 
►DO not mark ambulances 
WITH RED CROSS IN FORWARD 
AREAS, 
ARE NO GOOD. 
CO 
► OLD MCs WITH COMBAT TROOPS GET 
ANXIETY NEUROSIS. 
► NURSES SHOULD HOT BE IN THE 
EVACUATION HOSPITAL. 
► MANY UNITS HAVE HAD TO 
FUNCTION WITH ONLY 80$ 
►PORTABLE SURGICAL HOSPITALS ABE 
GOOD BUT NEED MDRE EQUIPMENT. 
SURGEONS ARE NO BETTER THAN 
ORDINARY CLEARING COMPANY M3s. 
► COLLECTING COMPANY MEN DO NOT 
► FOLDING AND WHEEL LITTERS, 
LITTER CARRIERS ARE HO GOOD. 
► KIT FIRST AID PRIVATE IS USELESS. CONTAINS NO DRUGS. 
► G-l) SHOULD TAKE CARE OF 
REPLACEMENTS, NOT G-l. 
2 
PERSONNEL. 
WORN IN THE WRONG POSITION ON TEE BODY. SUBSTITUTE 
► BATTLE FATIGUE CASES 
►DOCTORS DON'T GET CREDIT FOR 
PROFESSIONAL WORK ON BOARDS. 
► NURSES SHOULD BE IN THE 
EVACUATION HOSPITAL. 
►AIR CORPS DO HOT PRACTICE LITTER 
AHD BLANKET EXCHANGEE. 
►HOSPITALS RETURN MEN TO FRONT 
BEFORE THEIR WOUNDS ARE HEALED. 
GET PAID AS INFANTRY MEN DO 
POUCH AMMUNITION. 
► AMBULANCES DO HOT HAVE 
ENOUGH TRACTION FOR MIDDY 
AREAS. SHOULD BE 6 x 6. 
SHOULD NOT BE RETURNED 
TO FRONT LINES UNLESS 
CO 
► MAC IS BETTER THAN AN M3 HI 
► PATIENTS ABE RETURNED TO TEE 
FRONT BEFORE WOUNDS ARE 
► DETACH CLEARING COMPANIES FROM 
MEDICAL BATTALION AND SPLIT UP 
FOR COMBAT. 
►Ifl TO NOT KNOW TACTICAL 
SITUATION. 
► OLD MEDICAL PACKETS ABE TOO HEAVY AHD ARE HOT 
►PRONOUNCED SHORTAGE OF MCs. 
BATTALION AID STATION. 
►nurses HAVE BEEN GLAMORIZED. 
HEALED. 
► MEDICAL COMPANIES HOW WITH THE 
►FIELD HOSPUJilS ARE USELESS AID 
THE BATTALION HEADQUARTERS, 
► DO NOT REPLACE LITTERS AND 
BLANKETS BELONGING TO RBGI- 
► TENDENCY TO GIVE TOO MJCH 
WATERPROOF, 
► AMBULANCE HAS WEAK 
► PROPHYLACTIC MATERIALS 
POOS QUALITY. 
► NO HEED FOR DIVISION 
► INSUFFICIENT ROTATION FOR MAGs 
► TECHNICIANS ARE BETTER 
► DIVISION TAKES AWAY THE GOOD 
ENGINEER SPECIAL BRIGADE SHOULD 
CLUMSY BECAUSE: 
► DO NOT USE CLEARING STATIONS FOR 
MENTAL AID STATIOIB. 
MffiPHME AND SULPHA. 
► OUR FIELD CLOTHING NOT SATISFACTORY. STUDY JAPANESE 
Rfwrwss, m A to ip 
BETWEEN U. S. AHD OVERSEAS. 
MEN FROM THE CLEARING COMPANY. 
BE SEPARATE CLEARING COMPANIES 
(a) NO VEHICLES. 
CIVILIANS, 
CLOTHING AHD EQUIPMENT FOE USE BY OUR MEN. 
TTXTRA SPRTNT1S, 
1- 
■» 
PSYCHIATRISTS. THIS ONLY MAKES 
MORE NPs. 
► MCs SHOULD NOT BE PLACED IN 
OVERSEAS REPLACEMENT POOLS. 
THAN NURSES. 
BY REQUEST THE MEDICS ARE 
AND DETACHED WHEN NEEDED. 
► THERE IS NO NEED FOR THE THOMAS 
►WHISKEY SHOULD BE SUPPLIED IN 
► MEDICAL COMPANY SEPARATE 
cr 
►NURSES CLOTHING NOT WELL 
DESIGNED. HEED ONE PIECE 
SUIT. 
TRANSFERRED TO THE INFANTRY 
BECAUSE OF PAY AHD CITATIONS. 
► SURGICAL TECHNICIANS NEED MORE 
(B) NOT ENOUGH STAFF. 
(c) TOO MJCH NQNESSENTIAL 
► NO MEDICAL ARTS SERVICE UNITS 
HAVE BEEN ATTACHED. 
►ELIMINATE A & D SHEET AND SPECIAL 
ARM SPLINT. 
AID STATIONS FOR FATIGUE 
CASES. 
► MEN IN THE LINE TOO LONG. 
► TB MEEDS DO NOT REACH UNITS BEFORE ACTION. 
► IMPRINTING MACHINES USELESS AS IDENTIFICATION TAGS 
BECOME BENT AND JAMMED. 
► AMBULANCES SHOULD NOT HAVE 
A LOCKING BACK STOP. NEED 
A BACK WINDOW WHICH OPENS 
TO PERMIT GUN FIRE.. 
IS TOO SMALL FOE THE JOB. 
SHOULD BE A BATTALION OF 
320 MEN. 
1 
► CLASSIFICATION OF MCs IS 
TERRIBLE. ARE NOT REALLY 
TRAINING. ONLY 8$ HAVE BEEN 
THROUGH ETS. 
EQUIPMENT. 
(d) PROFESSIONAL CARE IS 
ORDER CUTTING BECAUSE OF BLACK- 
OUT DIFFICULTIES. 
(110 DAYS) 
► THE PARACHUTE MEDICAL DETACH- 
MENT IS A FARCE. 
► MAKE LANTERN SETS OBSOLETE EXCEPT FOE PRO STATION. 
► NO PLACE TO PLACE EMT ON 
LITTER CASES IN BAIN. 
• 
QUALIFIED. 
► ENLISTED TECHNICIAN SCHOOLS 
POOR. 
WATERPROOF POCKET HEEDED 
ARE NOT AS GOOD AS APPLICATORY 
ON LITTER. 
► NO HEUROPSYCEIATRIST SHOULD BE 
TRAINING IN HOSPITALS CUT IN 
DESIGNATED UNLESS EE BAS BEEN A 
THE ISLANDS. 
BATTALION SURGEON. 
► THERE HAS BEEN TOO MUCH STRESS 
31 PHYSICAL FITNESS. 
► ALL MEN HEED COMPETENCY IN 
► TRAIN ENLISTED MEN IN 
ANAESTHESIA - I.V. FEHTOTHAL 
► MEN SHOULD BE ESPECIALLY 
AND DROP ETHER. 
►EMPHASIZE PERIMETER DEFENSE FOE 
TRAINED WITH GRENADES. 
rAXSO TRAIN OH ASEPTIC TECHNIC 
ALL UNITS. 
► ROTATE MCs IN FIELD UNITS WITH 
AHD STERILE TECHNIC. 
►train JSMUaTJSD MEN TO GIVE 
►TRAINING OF CLEARING COMPANIES 
THOSE IN HOSPITALS. 
INTRAVENOUS FLUIDS. 
SHOULD INCLUDE INDEPENDENT 
► TEACH DISCIPLINE TO MEDICAL 
►MORE INSTRUCTION IN SANITATION 
PLATOON OPERATIONS. 
AND HYGIENE 
►TEACH TYPE PERIMETER DEFENSE TO 
►CLEARING COMPANIES SHOULD BE 
TRAINED AS A "HOLDING omt" 
ESPECIALLY FOR NP CASES. 
► TRAIN MCs IN DIAGNOSIS. 
► TRAIN DCs AS ANAESTHETISTS. 
►ALL MEN SHOULD BE TRAINED IN 
BASIC WEAPONS, SCOUTING AND 
PATROLLING AND PERIMETER 
AIL UNITS. 
►ROTATE HOSPITAL MEN WITH FIELD 
UNITS. 
► STRESS MALARIA DISCIPLINE, 
► TRAIN IN USE OF WEAPONS AND 
►train in LOADING VEHICLES FOR COMBAT, 
ueferse. 
►TRAIN CLEARING COMPANY MEN AS 
GRENADES. 
►have As MUCH EQUIPMENT AS POSSIBLE WITH THE 
o 
►ALL MCs SHOULD GO TO CARLISLE 
BEFORE JOINING THE UNIT. 
►MEDICAL AND SURGICAL TECHNIC IANS 
HEED THE SAME GOOD TRAINING AT 
ETS. 
► ALL MEDICAL ENLISTED MEN SHOULD 
LEARN TO LOAD THE 0-1)7, MAKE 
OUT CORRECT MANIFESTATIONS AHD 
ETC. 
► ON-THE-JOB TRAINING BEST FOR ALL 
MEDICS IN HOSPITALS,. 
ANAESTHETISTS AND IN IV THERAPY., 
►MANEUVER TRAINING IS ONLY WHICH 
► TRAIN IN LOCAL SECURITY. 
► TRAIN IN LOCAL SECURITY. 
INDIVIDUAL SOLDIER. 
► TEACH CARE OF EQUIPMENT AND VEHICLES TO MEDICAL 
• 
z 
z 
► xNl*REAaJ!j akai ,1 .h.i ] ha i N i Mr. 
MCs SHOULD ACTUALLY PERFORM 
OPERATIONS. 
► GIVE 6 MONTHS REFRESHER COURSE 
► MACs ARE EXCELLENT AS BATTALION 
ASSISTANT SURGEONS. 
► HEED EXTRA MONTE'S TRAXNXMU. 
►ENLISTED TECHNICIAN SCHOOLS 
SHOULD BE FOUR (k) MONTHS LONG 
WITH TWO (2) MONTHS TO DIDACTICS 
AND TWO (2) MONTHS OF HEAL 
► MOKE TRAINING IN SETTING UP WARD 
TENTS, BUILDING LATRINES AHD 
DEFENSE POSITIONS AHD USE OF 
SAND BAGS. 
STANDS BATTLE TEST. 
►STRESS MALARIA DISCIPLINE. 
► TRAIN IN LEE OF WEAPONS AND 
GRENADES. 
► TRAIN AID MSN IN HANDLING 
► TRAIN AID MEN IN HANDLING 
FRACTURES AND BEAD 
INJURIES. 
OFFICERS. 
►train MEN IN MAKING PORTABLE SHOWERS. 
TO ALL MCs. 
APPLICATORY TRAINING, NOT JUST 
► TRAIN IN USE OF LANDING STRIPS, 
►TRAIN ALL FIELD MEDICAL TROOPS 
FRACTURES AND HEAD INJURIES, 
►ALL INFANTRY DIVISION MEDICAL 
► GET TRAINING AIDS TO DIVISION EVEN IF THEY ARE 
CO 
< 
► MACs SEED TRAINING HI TROPICAL 
DISEASES DIAGNOSIS AND CONTROL. 
EMPTYING BED PANS. 
► FUT UNIT THROUGH A COURSE OF 
WEIGH MAY GO INTO MOUNTAINS WITH 
AISO HEMOSTASIS. 
PERSONNEL SHOULD BE UNDER THE 
OVERSEAS. 
£T 
► MCs SHOULD LEARN TO HE A 100$ 
►REAR ECHELON MEN SHOULD BE 
AIR SIGNALS, AHD ETC. 
PACK ANIMALS SUCH AS MULES, 
► INCLUDE MOUNTAIN EVACUATE® 
DIVISION SURGEON. 
z 
SOLDIER FIRST. 
PSYCHOLOGICALLY CONDITIONED FOE 
BUFFALO, ETC. 
►INCLUDE MOUNTAIN EVACUATION 
►INFANTRY SHOUID BE TRAINED TO RESPECT AND COOPERATE 
H 
► HEED BATTLEWISE INSTRUCT QRS AS 
FRONT LINES. 
DEFICIENCIES. 
►PUT CLEARING STATIONS IN WITH A 
TRAINING. 
WITH AID MEN DURING THEIR TRAINING. 
o 
TEACHERS. 
►TRAIN ENLISTED MEN IN THE BASIC 
TRAINING. 
TREATMENTS: RINGWORM, T0N3HITIS. 
► TRAIN MEN WITH HOSPITALS 
HOSPITAL FOR PARALLEL TRAINING IN 
►TEACH THE "ART" OF EVACUATING 
►TEACH VENEREAL DISEASE CONTROL. NEED MORE 
► STRESS ACTUAL PACIFIC DISEASES 
FUO, HRI, HEADACHES, TOOTHACHES, 
ALREADY OUT IN THE ISLANDS. 
ZI. GIVE THEM TWO OR THREE W^EDS 
DISCIPLINE. 
1- 
WHICH WILL BE ENCOUNTERED. 
<ETC. 
AHD PERMIT PERSONNEL TO WORK IN 
CASUALTIES. 
< 
►MORE INSTRUCTION IN TACTICAL 
EMPLOYMENT <F TROOPS. 
►TEACH IMPROVISATIONS. 
►TEACH PROPERTY EXCHANGE, (e.g. 
►MORE INTENSIVE TRAINING IN 
TROPICAL DISEASES. 
SURGERY SPECIALTIES. 
►TRAIN IN UNLOADING FROM LARGER 
o 
► TRAIN MEDICAL OFFICERS IN 
AIR - GROUND). 
►HAVE JOINT TRAINING FOR INFANTRY 
TO SMALLER CRAFTS (AT MFSS). 
2^ 
TECHNIQUES OF INTERCOSTAL BLOCK 
ANAESTHESIA. 
AHD MEDICAL TROOPS. 
► MAKE ALL MEDICAL UNITS SELF- 
UJ 
GIVE MANEUVER TRAINING. 
SUSTAINING. 
► MORE INSTRUCTION IN SANITATION 
►TRAIN IN LOCAL SECURITY MEASURES. 
- 
z 
AND HYGIENE. 
► MORE TRAINING ON DISEASES TROOPS 
TEACH "SEE? AID.” 
►MORE TRAINING IN MALARIA 
►TRAIN IN FUNCTIONAL PACKING. 
2 
o 
o 
WILL ACTUALLY FACE. 
CONTROL. 
►L5 EVACUATION EXCELLENT BUT 
►SURGICAL TEAMS OR PORTABLE SURGI- 
► LEAVE MOST CF THE BULKY EQUIPMENT BEHIND WHEN MAKING 
lii 
SHOULD BE USED FOR SHORTER 
CAL HOSPITAL SHOULD BE ATTACHED 
A BEACH LANDING- 
TRIPS. 
TO THE CLEARING COMPANY. 
► COLLECTING COMPANY SHOULD BE 
► EQUIP PLATOON LEADER AND SECTION LEADER IN AID 
SPLIT: ENLISTED MEN TO 
d 
►EACH DIVISION SHOULD HAVE TWO 
►CLEARING STATIONS SHOULD BE SET UP 
REGIMENTAL MEDICAL DETACHMENTS, 
STATIONS WITH MORPHINE. 
L5s OR HELICOPTER. 
FOR OPERATIC® EVEN WHEN DIVISION 
AMBULANCES TO THE CLEARING 
► FURNISH WHOLE BLOOD IN AID STATIONS, ALSO, FURNISH 
IS NOT COMMITTED. THIS WILL RETAIN 
COMPANY, M3e TO THE CLEARING 
►REPLACEMENTS FOR AID MEN SHOULD 
COME FROM COLLECTING COMPANY CE 
►AIR CORPS MUST BE FORCED TO 
► KEEP HOSPITALS AS FAB FORWARD AS 
POSSIBLE. 
PERSONNEL IN THE DIVISION. 
COMPANY1 
MORE PLASMA. 
0) 
►INCREASE TACTICAL TRAINING OF 
RETURN LITTERS ON PLANES. 
►CLEARING COMPANY SHOULD BE 
MEW WHO HAVE HAD MEDICAL TRAIN- 
► PACK MEDICAL EQUIPMENT IN WATERPROOF BACK PACKS. 
O 
h- 
o 
< 
MCs. 
► REMOVE NURSES FROM FORWARD 
►KEEP ALL COMBAT UNITS UP TO 
► HAVE RECORDS, X-RAY, AHD ETC. 
► EVACUATION HOSPITALS SHOULD EE 
EQUIPPED TO DO MAJOR SURGERY. 
SHOULD REMAIN AS IB. 
IHG AND ARE AISO TRAINED IS 
WEAPONS, 
► PLACE BATTALION AID STATIOIB 
IN INFANTRY BATTALION CP 
PERIMETER. 
►INFANTRY OFFICERS SHOUTS FURNISH 
THESE ARE MORE COMFORTABLE THAN BACK BOARDS. 
► YOUNG MCs SHOULD BE BATTALION 
SURGEON BIS’ORE BEING ASSK21ED 
TO A HOSPITAL. 
► KEEP REASONABLE NUMBER OF MCs 
WITH THE MEDICAL BATTALION AT 
► ADJUTANT OF TEE MEDICAL 
BATTALION SHOULD BE 
CAPTAIN INSTEAD OF A 
LIEUTENANT. 
UNITS. 
► BRING IN ON D-45 DAY. 
► NURSES SHOULD BE SUPPLIED 
FROM REPLACEMENT POOLS. 
TULL T/O STRENGTH. 
► ENLISTED MEN WHO HAVE BECOME 
NPe SHOULD NOT BE RETURNED TO 
THE FRONT DIRECTLY CE TO THE 
SAME OUTFIT. 
IN POCKET UNDER TEE LITTER 
SENT WITS PATIENTS. 
►PUSH AMBULANCES AS FAR FORWARD 
AS POSSIBLE. 
NEAR LANDING STRIP FOR L5s (ALSO 
THE CLEARING COMPANY). 
►MUST TRAIN ALL UNITS TO COMBAT 
LOAD, UNLOAD FUNCTION AND RELOAD 
ALL IN RECORD TIME. 
►INCREASE ENLISTED MEN TO 135 AND 
MCb, HAVE 2 SURGICAL TEAMS. 
►LOAD FOR AMPHIBIOUS MOBILE, CAREY 
EQUIPMENT ON MEN'S BACKS. 
►PUSH AMBULANCES FORWARD AS FAR 
AS POSSIBLE. 
► HEED MORE DIVISION AteULASCE 
COMPANIES. 
► 73 OCTANE IS BETTER THAN 80 FOE L5b. 
general 
► MALARIA CONTROL AND SURVEY UNITS SHOULD NOT BE 
COMBINED. 
h- 
ALL TIMES. 
►USE NATIVE CARRIERS FOR 
PATIENTS. 
► EQUIPMENT SHOULD BE PACKED BY 
►REFRIGERATOR WITH 200 PINTS OF 
► COLLECTING COMPANY NEEDS EXTRA 
A FIELD OF FIRE FOB UTTER 
WARDS AHD CLINICS. 
WHOLE BLOOD IS ESSENTIAL ON ALL 
INFANTRY GUARD IN FRONT LINE. 
► NEED 1 SANITARY COMPANY PKR DIVISION TO HELP BURT 
►IMPROVISE LITTERS WHERE 
INITIAL LANDINGS. 
DEAD'. 
POSSIBLE, 
► PLACE COLLECTING STATIONS AHD 
,>CLEAEING STATIONS HAVE TO ESTAB- 
PORTABLE SURGICAL HOSPITALS 
► CAVALRY DIVISION SHOULD HAVE THE INFANTRY DIVISION 
►TSE MEDICAL COMPANIES OF THE 
LISH THEIR OWN PERIMETER DEFENSE. 
IN THE REGIMENTAL COMM® POSTS 
MEDICAL T/O & E. 
ENGINEER SPECIAL BRIGADES MAKE 
EXCELLENT "HOLDING" HOSPITALS 
►UNIT SHOULD GO INTO ACTION WITH 
PERIMETER. 
► PROVISION SHOULD BE MADE TO KEEP THE EMT FROM 
EVERYTHING THAT CAN HE TAKEN WITH 
THEM. 
BLURRING WHEW IT BECOMES WET. 
SURVEY OF OPINIONS : 
HEADQUARTERS. TACTICAL UNITS AND HOSPITALS IN COMBAT ZONE PERSONNEL SHORTAGES 
ENLISTED MEN SHORT OF AUTHORIZED STRENGTH 
NURSES SHORT OF AUTHORIZED STRENGTH 
OFFICERS SHORT OF AUTHORIZED STRENGTH MRTC TRAINED 
AUTHORIZED ETS TRAINED 
ETS TRAINED 
TRAINING OF ENLISTED MEN IN HOSPITAL UNITS OF yWlGTi 
GENERAL HOSPITALS STATION HOSPITALS FIELD HOSPITALS EVACUATION HOSPITALS PORTABLE SURGICAL HOSPITALS HOSPITAL SHIPS GENERAL MEDICAL LABORATORIES MEDICAL SANITARY COMPANIES 
TIME IN MONTHS FROM ACTIVATION TO POE 
TIME IN MONTHS FROM ACTIVATION TO COMMITTMENT 
TIME IN MONTHS FROM ACTIVATION TO PRESENT 
MEDICAL COMPOSITE DETACHMENTS 
MEDICAL BATTALIONS, COLLECTING 
COMPANIES, AND CLEANING COM- 
PANIES, SEPARATE 
MEDICAL SUPPLY DEPOTS 
MALARIA CONTROL UNITS 
MALARIA SURVEY UNITS 
OTHER MEDICAL UNITS 
TOTAL MEDICAL UNITS Comments and recommendations 
on functioning of Museum and Medical Arts Detachments 
in the Pacific Theatres (SWPA and POA) 
as presented by representatives of 
Training Division Surgeon General!s Office Comments and recommendations on functioning of Museum and Medical 
Arts Detachments in Southwest Pacific Area as presented by representatives 
of Training Division Surgeon General1 s Office 
A. Purpose of the Museum and Medical Arts Service Unitsj- 
!• To secure moving picture coverage of professional subjects, parti- 
cularly those peculiar to war and to the different theaters — this 
does not include the production of the finished film — including 
research when indicated, 
2, To take still photographs of subjects of medical professional 
interest, 
3* To assist in collecting and forwarding to the Army Medical 
Museum medical specimens of scientific or historic interest, 
B, Reasons for failure to fulfill mission in moving picture coverage:- 
1, No Medical Corps Officer has been designated to work with the 
unit in an advisory capacity, 
2, No specific plan has been made for coverage of any specific 
subject. 
3* Use of the Kodochrome film as been used for film coverage that 
has been better taken by the Signal Corps, (Non-professional 
film coverage — The Signal Corps is charged with the procure- 
ment of this type film,) 
4* The film that has been taken is "frozen” in some unit or head- 
quarters within the theater thus destroying the opportunity of 
making it available to all units through official film production, 
5, A Sanitary Corps Officer or Medical Administrative Corps Officer 
is in charge of the unit. He does not know what to take, what 
important professional situation is available for filming, or 
what should be filmed. 
Examples: 
a. A Museum and Medical Arts Service Unit was available 
at the site where scrub typhus was rampant yet no moving 
picture coverage was attempted by the unit, 
b. A Museum and Medical Arts Service Unit was available 
when schistosomiasis first became a real problem yet 
no moving picture coverage was secured, 
c. Museum and Medical Arts Service Units have been avail- 
able in the theaters all along but no effort has been made to get coverage of any professional subject with 
its legion manifestations, 
d, A Museum and Medical Arts Service Unit was available 
in Naples, Italy during: 
(1) The typhus epidemic in Naples yet no moving picture 
coverage was secured. This was an ideal place for 
complete coverage in color showing rash, etc. 
(2) The trench foot episode at Anzio yet no moving 
picture coverage was secured. 
(In both instances listed under Mdft, the Navy got 
complete coverage). 
6. Rather than getting adequate coverage of facts and forwarding to 
Army Medical Museum for editing and production through existing 
War Department channels, there has been an effort to '’produce" 
completed films with the amateurish personnel connected with 
the unit. Every phase of the subject must be covered, but this 
should be forwarded to Washington where professionals (Signal 
Corps) with the professional assistance from either an officer 
designated by the appropriately concerned service in the Surgeon 
General’s Office, or by the Medical Corps Officer who served as 
the professional (medical) advisor with the unit during the pro- 
curement of the film can properly assemble the film. War Depart- 
ment will produce the film as an official War Department film 
and give it an official number and title, with sound (when necessary) 
and in sufficient copies for desired distribution. 
C, Relationship of Signal Corps coverage as contrasted with the Museum 
and Medical Arts Service Units, 
Signal Corps 
1, Gets complete coverage of 
tactical activities and 
non-professional subjects, 
2, Moving picture coverage is 
ip black and white only, 
3, Films taken is returned to 
War Department for editing 
and production as needed 
and approved. 
Museum and Medical Arts Service 
Units 
X* Should get1only professional 
medical coverage - not that 
which is to be taken by the 
Signal Corps, 
2, Has available kodachrome for 
coverage of the professional 
subjects (color is needed in 
practically all cases), 
3. What happens to it, if taken, 
is unknown. 
D. Recommendations: 
1. A medical officer be designated to work constantly with the unit 
or assigned to it. 2, Chief Surgeon1s Office prepare, with the medical officer, a 
detailed plan for each project. (List the particular phases 
of the subject that must be covered for a complete picture on 
the subject). 
3. Authority be given the unit to travel, by any means necessary, 
to any area in the theater necessary to accomplish the mission — 
to follow the cases, should this be' necessary, to rear area 
hospitals even to the United States, 
4* All photography secured be forwarded immediately to War Depart- 
ment (Army Medical Museum) with brief instructions and recommenda- 
tions. 
5. All photography be limited to and concentrated on professional 
medical subjects — not on sunrises, ships, harbors, dead japs, 
destroyed buildings and the like. This is not only wasting 
film and duplicating Signal Corps coverage but it is wasting 
color film alloted for professional coverage. 
6. All moving picture film already taken, if any, and now hoarded 
be forwarded to the War Department without delay, 
7. The film taken, if developed in the theater, not be run more 
than once on a good, clean projector before forwarding to War 
Department. To do so will scratch the film and render it use- 
less as a master print, ftecoramend that it not be developed 
in the theater as the developing process is peculiar to the 
liastman Kodak Company and to develop all pieces of film uniformly 
requires this technic since each batch of film reacts to the 
same developing solution differently, 
B, If 2 Museum and Medical Arts Service Units are available, one 
be used for surgical subjects and the other for medical and 
corresponding specialists with Medical Corps Officers desig- 
nated to guide and supervise their activities. Comments and recommendations on functioning of Museum and Medical 
Arts Detachments in Pacific Ocean Area as presented by representatives 
of Training Division Surgeon General*s Office 
1. The Signal Corps is charged with the responsibility of getting 
combat photography by ARs, 
a. The Signal Corps camera crews take the photography with 35 mm 
equipment. 
b. Color photography is not taken by the Signal Corps except by 
War Dept, approval. (In specific isolated cases only) 
c. Signal Corps combat film is returned to the Signal Corps Photo- 
graphic Center, Astoria, Long Island, N. Y, unedited. 
(1) Here the newsreels get 1st chance for use. 
(2) The BPR has very high priority too. 
(3) An ASF (Mil. Tng.) representative reviews all the film - 
a full time assignment - and advises the Tng. Div, SGO 
when any film on the Med. Dept, activities are received. 
This notification is by phone. 
(4) A representative of the Tng, Div. (MC) is ordered to SCPC 
to review and evaluate the film for possible War Dept. use. 
d. Caption sheets accompany all Signal Corps film returned. 
(1) The Tng. Div. SGO gets a copy of all the caption sheets 
and carefully checks them for Medical Dept, film scenes. 
(2) The sheets are used as guides and notes are made on 
the sheets when the film is reviewed in N.Y.C. 
e. When it is believed by SGO (Tng. Div.); Mil, Tng., ASF and 
Signal Corps representatives that sufficient film is available on any sub- 
ject of interest to the the Med, Dept., a Film Bulletin is produced. 
Examples — 132. Evacuation of the Wounded 
146. Med, Service in the Invasion of Normandy 
147* Med. Service in the Jungle 
172. Field Hospital 
173. Evacuation Hospital 
176. Blood Bank in Watousa 
180. Trench Foot 
Projects now being developed; 
DDT - Weapon Against Disease 
General Hospital 
Malaria Control on Corsica 
Psychiatric Procedures in Combat Areas f. from time to time "Stock Shots1* - scenes available of combat 
photography - are used in the production of other training films 
g* These films are produced with sound, including sound effects 
(the guns shoot and the motors and airplanes sound as though they are run- 
ning) , given an official title and War Dept* No* They are distributed by 
established War Dept, channels and sufficient copies can always be made for 
the necessary and desired distribution. 
h. The Signal Corps does not ordinarily take professional photo- 
graphy. Color photography will not be taken without specific approval of 
each project. (It is certain that the Navy and Air Corps control the color 
film stock. All color film obtained for use by the Ground or Service Forces 
is obtained through the Navy or Air Corps). 
i. Combat photography for the Med. Dept. - as with other services - 
is taken by the Signal Corps according to the plan(s) submitted by the seiv 
vice. (See the material submitted with the answer to BTMD, Tabs A & B, which 
are copies of the material submitted to the Chief, Signal Officer, through 
Mil; Tng., ASF, by The Tng. Division, SGO, Col. Menaker has a copy). 
2. All Army training films are made by the Signal Corps from beginning 
to end. The Bureau of Aeronautics, USN, makes all the Navy training films 
from beginning to end. 
5. The Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, USN, has now available or in 
the process of production films on professional medical subjects. These 
films will make up a series known as "Medicine in Action.1* Some of the 
subjects covered are: a. Typhus (taken in Naples) 
b. Soft tissue wounds 
c. Trench foot 
d. D.D.T. 
a. These films are in color, have sound, and are officially desig- 
nated by Navy numbers. 
b. The procedure followed by the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery 
in securing the film from which these pictures are made is as follows: 
(1) The Bureau of Medicine and Surgery decided on the 
subjects to be covered based upon their professional 
need. 
(2) A unit was set up to take 16 mm color film. This unit 
was composed of several enlisted photographers and a 
medical officer. 
(3) A Medical Corps officer was designated as the military 
adviser on the films. He was informed, in detail, of 
the desired material and was given the detailed plan 
for the photography. His orders permitted him to travel 
to any place in the particular theatre when necessary to get this photography. (Several plans were given, if 
the area for securing the film, was suitable for all). 
(4) The military adviser was instructed not to take any 
other photography without specific approval from 
Washington. 
(5) The military adviser returned to Washington with the 
exposed film where it was. developed. 
(6) With the Bureau of Aeronautics (Navy parallel of the 
Array Signal Corps) the film was edited. The military 
adviser and representatives of the Andio-Visual Section, 
Bureau of Medicine and Surgery (Army parallel. Training 
Doctrine Branch, Training Division, SGO) assisted in 
and supervised the editing from the professional med- 
ical standpoint. 
(?) The Bureau of Aeronautics, having approved the project 
as an official film, developed the picture with sound 
and made sufficient copies for the desired distribution. 
4# The Surgeon General expressed disappointment to the Training Div- 
ision in the failure of the Army to produce some professional films com- 
parable’ to the one established by the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery. The 
Museum and Medical Arts Service Unit (T/0 & E 8-500) is comparable to the 
Navy unit which got the Navy professional film coverage. This unit has 
16 mm color film alloted to it for the purpose of securing professional 
medical photography. It is not intended nor expected by the War Department 
that this unit shall attempt to duplicate the photographic coverage of the 
Signal Corps. This Army unit does not have a medical officer assigned to it 
5. The Director, Training Division submitted the following recom- 
mendations to the Surgeon General: 
a. That a Professional Film Board be established in The Surgeon 
General's Office to decide upon the subjects to be covered, the selection 
of the Medical officers to serve as military advisers, and to prepare the 
detailed plans for such films. (This Board would be made up of a representa- 
tive from the Preventive Medicine Service and each of the Consultants divi- 
sions ). 
b. That a Medical officer be designated to supervise the photo*' 
graphic coverage of the professional subject. 
c. That the film be returned to Washington for editing, pro- 
duction as an official War Department project, and distribution through 
established War Department channels, 
6. These recommendations were approved by The Surgeon General and tho‘ 
Training Division was designated the responsible agency in working out the 
details for such a program. PIE/lg 
FROM; Chief Surgeon TO: USAFFE Training Group 3 June 1945 
(Atten: Col* Taylor) 
1. Attached is a survey of the medical service of the Philippine Army 
and a suggested plan for the training of personnel for the medical service, 
which was made at the request of the Chief Surgeon by the Id rector of the 
Training Division, Office of The Surgeon General, and his assistant while 
they were on temporary duty in this theater. 
2. Ihe Chief Surgeon is of the opinion that a training program such 
as that outlined in this plan is essential for the proper training of 
medical officers, enlisted men and nurses of the Philippine Army. Gener- 
ally speaking, it is not possible to train medical organizations solely 
on a unit basis because of the large number of specialists which are essent- 
ial to adequate medical service. Medical personnel for the accomplishment 
of this mission are not available in this theater. 
3* It is recommended: 
(a) Ihat a program essentially as outlined in this study be 
adopted for the training of medical personnel of the Philippine Army. 
(b) That the personnel for the accomplishment of this training 
be requisitioned from the United States for assignment to the USAFFE 
Training Group (this personnel cannot be accommodated in the theater over- 
head for medical officers), 
(c) That the equipment and training aids also be requisitioned 
from the United States with the exception of that which can be procured 
locally, 
FOR THE CHIEF SURGEON: 
Incls: P.I.R. 
#1 - Copy Itr fr Col. Vsergeland dtd 5/17/45 
subj: %d Training for the P.A* 
#2 - Survey of Med Training of P.A. with 
3 tabs. A, B, & C. HEADQUARTERS 
UNITED STATES ARMY FORCES IN THE FAR EAST 
OFFICE OF THE CHIEF SURGEON 
APO 501 
17 May 1945 
SUBJECT: Medical Training for the Philippine Army* 
TO ; Chief Surgeon, United States Army Forces in the 
Far East, APO 501, 
1, Upon verbal request of the Deputy Surgeon, USAFFE, represent- 
atives of the Training Division, (Colonel Floyd L* Wergeland, MC, and 
Lt* Colonel Robert J* Moorhead, MC) Surgeon Generalfs Office now on 
temporary duty in this theater, made a study of the plan, facilities, 
and requirements for the training of a medical department for the Phil- 
ippine Army* Based upon the findings of such a study, the inclosed 
comments and recommendations are submitted* 
2* Dn 9 May 1945, Col. vilergeland ana Lt* Col* Moorhead, upon his 
verbal request, presented to the Chief of Staff, Philippine Army, details 
o£ the training of medical department personnel in the U. S. Army. This 
included an explanation of the mobilization training programs, training 
adjuncts such as parallel training with established operating hospitals, 
and a listing of the visual aids now available* 
FLOYD L. WERGELAND 
Colonel, M.C* 
Director, Training Division 
Office of Ihe Surgeon General SURVEY OF MEDICAL TRAINING OF PHILIPPINE ARMY 
1* GENERAL INFORMATION AND ASSUMPTIONS AVAILABLE. 
The Philippine Army will have a strength of approximately 
150.000. It is understood that USAFFE is responsible for the 
organization, training and activation of Philippine Army units. 
An assistant to the Chief of Staff USAFFE is the liaison officer 
with the Chief of Staff, Philippine Army. Under him he has G-l, 
G-2, G-3, G-4, representatives, a training group, and some special 
staff representatives including one in the office of the Chief of 
Medical Service. Ihe training group represents all branches of the 
service and is responsible for the organization and supervision of 
training. Under this training group there is a medical section 
headed by a medical officer, in addition to requisitions for additional 
personnel to include two MAC officers and especially trained EM for 
the headquarters of this section. According to Col. James F. Taylor, 
General Staff Corps who was in charge of the training group, it is 
expected that a special allotment of 400 officers and BOO to 1000 
EM will be made available to them for the training teams of all 
branches. Of these the medical units can count on approximately 40 
officers and 80 to 100 EM. Since there will be four separate locations 
for training a similar breakdown of this personnel will have to be 
madq. The training group is interested in teaching first-aid, sanitat- 
ion, personal hygiene and other basic medical subjects to the personnel 
of tbe Philippine Army, in addition to the technical training of the 
medical department personnel. The training group will procure the 
training aids which under the present set-up will come out of the U.S. 
Army equipment already in this theatre. In addition, if authority is 
given, training aids will reach the Philippines through the training 
teams and will remain the property of these teams—not to be turned 
over to the Philippine Army. Initially, former members of the Philip- 
pine Army will be trained so as to form the main nucleus for the train- 
ing of the army as a whole. Guerrillas, both recognized and unrecog- 
nized, some of whom are former military personnel and others civilians, 
will be recruited to bring the Philippine Army up to the strength of 
150.000. 
2. MEDICAL TRAINING MISSION 
Ihe training mission consists of two parts: 
a. To train all members of the Philippine Army to be proficient 
in first-aid, personal hygiene, and field sanitation. 
b. To train the members of tne medical department of the Philip- 
pine Army in basic technical and tactical subjects so that 
they will be able to render the most effective medical service 
under all conditions. 3. MEDICAL TRAINING SITUATION 
a. Personnel to be trained: There are 150,000 to be trained in 
basic medical Since the medical department will be roughly 
10$ of the entire army, additional basic technical and tactical ins- 
truction must be given to about 15,000 medical department members. 
Heretofore, members of the medical department have been selected 
individuals usually of high school or grammar school education, using 
the English language as a medium. This is based upon information 
received from former medical officers of the Philippine Army. It 
is expected that the Philippine Army will continue to regard the 
medical department as a Selected branch deserving of better educated 
personnel* Since most of the former members of the Philippine Army 
have not had opportunity to practice their medical profession and 
having been prisoners of war for three years, they are entirely un- 
familiar with the present-day training as conducted by the Medical 
Department of the U.S. Army, Initially, therefore, they cannot be 
counted on for much assistance as instructor cadre. It will be 
necessary to train and stimulate considerable enthusiasm in these 
officers in order to carry out this vital program. 
b. Qualified personnel available: At present approximately 468 
Medical officers, 115 Dental officers, 12 Veterinary officers, 10 
Medical Administrative Corps officers, 26 nurses and 830 enlisted 
men are available for training and assignment. These individuals 
were formerly members of the Philippine Army, At the present time 
the officers are undergoing a refresher course using technical aids 
and equipments as available to them by existing medical units of 
the U, S, Army, The enlisted men are undergoing on-the-job training 
and additional instruction under the guidance of the United States 
Army hospital personnel. 
c. Training facilities: There are no training facilities available 
at the present time with the exception of U, S. Army Medical Depart- 
ment installations. Two hospitals are now being utilized as media 
for unit training and at the same time are caring for a normal 
patient load. 
d. Training aids; There are no publications or visual training aids 
available to medical department personnel in the Philippine Army for 
instructional purposes. 
e* Locations: It is expected that four (4) separate training areas 
will be employed in connection with replacement battalions* These are 
to be established at Camp Olivas * Camp Murphy, Leyte and Mindanao* It 
is at present prohibitive to move personnel from one island to another, 
therefore, it will be necessary to establish similar training install- 
ations and units at each of these four places, except technical special- 
ty training which should be conducted at Gamp Murphy. 4. TRAINING PLAN 
In order to conform with the above training situation and to 
fulfill the medical training mission, specific channels must be pro- 
vided for.procurement of necessary facilities and qualified personnel 
for training* Based 0n the assi mption that the USAFFE Training Group 
will make the necessary training personnel, facilities, training aids, 
supplies and equipment available to the medical department, the follow- 
ing plan is submitted; 
a. General: There will be four (4) medical training sections* One 
section will be located in the vicini*'»- of each of the replacement 
battalions (see par. 3e above)* Each action will operate a medical 
training center (MTC) which will be responsible for three categories 
of training units: 
(1) Replacement training: This will include basic technical 
medical department subjects* 
(2) Special school: Schools will be established in conjunction 
with medical training centers to provide common specialists (cooks, 
bakers, clerks, chauffeurs, mechanics)* A special school for rated 
technicians (X-ray, pharmacy, dental, laboratory, surgical and med- 
ical technicians) will be established at Gamp Murphy* 
(3) Unit training: U. S. Army or Philippine Army medical instal- 
lations will conduct unit training for the recently activated personnel 
under the supervision of the medical training at Camp 
Murphy, Gamp Olivas, Leyte or Mindanao (See Tab* A), The officer 
classes will not exceed 200 in each of these medical training centers. 
Vftien trainees are in excess of these figures, additional classes 
should be established to get the maximum effective training. Additional 
units must then be provided for unit training. 
b. Courses to be conducted and duration of courses; 
(1) Officers1 courses: Six weeks basic officers* course will be 
conducted for all officers at the medical training centers* This course 
will be based on a program now used by the Medical Field Service School, 
U. S. Army, 
(2) Unlisted men1 s courses; The enlisted men*s courses will in 
general be 17 weeks in duration* The initial 6 weeks will be basic 
military training and the remainder basic technical training. Upon 
qualifying in basic technical subjects, the enlisted personnel will 
become available for assignment to an activated group where they will 
receive on-the-job training until training authorities find them tech- 
nically qualified to perform as an individual unit (See Tab. A)* 
c. Personnel; In order to properly organize and supervise this pro- 
posed training a staff of U. S* Army officers and enlisted men must be 
made available to the Philippine Army. A suggested table of organization 
for this training cadre is attached as Tab. B. It is expected that when a unit is activated that an activation team will immediately be 
sent to help with all the administrative problems of activation. 
Then a training team will be sent out to actually conduct and 
supervise the training of the activated unit. 
d. Training equipment; Training equipment will be provided in 
accordance with the T/E and T/A set-up for the training cadre 
(See Tab. B). 'Hie USAFFE Training Group will be responsible for 
the maintenance and replacement of this equipment. 
e. Training aids: Training aids will be provided as required to 
carry out the provisions of MTP 21-3, MTP 8-1, MTP 8-2, and MTP 
8-10 upon which the courses of instruction are based. A list show- 
ing recommended medical training aids, exclusive of locally prepared 
charts, is attached in Tab. C. Other necessary films may be selected 
from MTP 21-3. 
5. RECOMMENDATIONS 
a. That unit training now established be completed. 
b. That potential instructors selected from the present Philippine 
Army officer cadre be attached to the 22?th Station Hospital or the 
60th General Hospital, to be further trained as instructors. 
c. That a training group of 40 officers and 100 EM qualified in 
methods of instruction and training procedures, be requested from 
the United States to further organize and supervise this training. 
This allotment of personnel should be above the present troop basis 
of this theatre and should contain sufficiently high ranks and grades 
to exercise proper authority. The medical officer in charge of the 
medical section of the training group should be a graduate of the 
Command and General Staff School, the Medical Field Service School, 
U, S. Array and be thoroughly familiar with training procedures as 
now exist in the United States Array. 
d. That local effort be made to secure training facilities (class- 
rooms, demonstration areas, and training areas) for the medical train- 
ing centers. 
e. That careful study be made of the recommended T/£ for the training 
teams so that facilities will be available for the utilization of their 
equipment and aids. For example, classromms should be made available 
in which training films, film bulletins and film strips can be used. 
f, That T/A and T/E (showi in Tab, B) be subject to minor revisions, 
deletions and additions as considered necessary by the Surgeon General, 
U. S. Array, 
g. That adequate priority be obtained so that this personnel and 
equipment can be available in the Philippines by 1 August 1945* PERSONNEL MAY JURE JULY AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC 
From former 
Army personnel 
to 
1000 bed 
Philippine 
Gen. Hosp. 
attached to 
227 Sta. 
Hosp, USA 
for traininj 
SAME 
Same 
t 
PGH to replace 
227 Station 
Hospital 
t t t 
PGH to remain at Camp Murphy to operate a hospital for Philippine 
Amy Patients and to serve as a hospital for on-the-job training 
of medical department personnel and other activated medical units 
of the Philippine Amy 
Former Army 
Medical 
Officers to 
MEDICAL 
OFFICER (a) 
Informal 
MTC (b) 
Recruits from 
Civilians and 
guerillas (c) 
Number 
not yet 
known 
Instructor 
Guidance Prograi 
for EM & Offi- 
cers at 227 Sta. 
Hosp. and In- 
formal MTC 
MTC to be 
i activated (d) 
Instructor (e) 
Program at 
MTC (g) 
MTC 
Class No. 1 (i 
MTC MTC MTC MTC 
) Class No. 2 Class No. 3 
Class Ho. 1 E.M. (f) 
Class No. 2 E.M. 
From former 
Army Person- 
nel to 
500 bed Phil. 
S. H. attached 
to 60th Gen. 
Hosp. USA for 
training 
Same 
Seme 
Phil. Station Hospital to Camp Olivas to operate a hospital for 
Philippine Amy Patients and to serve as a hospital for on-the-job 
training of medical department personnel and other activated medical 
units of the Philippine Amy. 
1. Former 
Amy Personnel 
2. MTC grad- 
uates, officers 
and EM to 
Oth e 
p Medical Unit A 
5ti vat ions (h) 
• 
TAB A 
MEDICAL TRAINING PLAN 1945 - PHILIPPINE ARMY (a) Course ends. These officers available for assignment to units. Selection of instructors to 
be made from this group for MTC and 1st PGH training. 
(b) Medical Training Center. 
(c) Four MTC’S as same plan to be operated at Leyte, Camp Murphy, Camp Olivas and Mindanao. 
(d) Medical subjects for Inf, replacement commands will be taught by MTC Officers or EM. 
(e) 1 August 194-5, 6 week course for officers and 17 week course for EM begin. 
(f) Continuous Instructor Guidance Program by MTC training groups. 
(g) Unit equipment (T/E) must be available to unit on activation date. Must be used as training 
equipment for on-the-job training. 
(h) Maximum 250 per EM classes, 11 per officer classes. T/0 & E 8-PHILIPPINE 
ARM! 
TABLE OF ORGANIZATION ) 
AND EQUIPMENT : USAFFE, 
Special 8-Philippin© ) 17 May 19-45, 
Army 
U. S. ARMY MEDICAL TRAINING DETACHMENT, FOR PHILIPPINE ARMY 
Page 
SECTION I, Organization — 2 
II. Equipment: 
General — —— ——— 4 
Air Corps 7 
Chemical ——-— 8 
Engineer 8 
Medical— — 9 
Ordnance: 
Miscellaneous— —-- 10 
Vehicles — ———- 11 
Motor transport equipment 11 
Quartermaster — 12 
Signal — 19 
TAB, B T/O & E 8-Philippine Army 
Section I 
ORGANIZATION 
I 
2 
3 
4 
5 
6 
7 
1 
< 
Unit 
Specification 
Serial Number 
Headquarters 
Section 
4 Medical 
Training Sections 
Technical School 
(Camp Murphy) 
Total 
Remarks 
2 
Colonel ——— 
1 
1 
aMAC 
3 
Commanding Officer ——— —- 
2120 
(i) 
— 
(1) 
W.C. 
4 
Lieutenant Colonel —— 
2 
1 
— 
6 
CD,C. 
5 
Executive Officer 
2120 
a) 
— 
— 
(1) 
6 
Commanding Officer ————————— 
2120 
(1) 
-— 
U) 
7 
Director of Training —— 
2120 
(ij 
— 
—- 
(X) 
8 
Major — 
1 
2 
1 
10 
9 
Commanding Officer —- 
(i) 
— 
10 
Supply Officer -— 
4490 
(«d 
—— 
(2) 
11 
Training Director — 
2120 
— 
(i) 
-—- 
U) 
12 
Executive Officer & Adjutant —- 
2120 
—— 
a) 
mmmmrnmmm 
U) 
flfcaptain or First Lieutenant -— 
4 
7 
23 
Supply Officer — — 
U90 
— 
a) 
— 
(4) 
15 
Xu0 true wors •,****"*-******"**"***-"-ii 
16 
Training Director — 
—— 
a) 
(X) 
17 
Director Medical & Surg. Section 
3150 
— 
a) 
(X) 
18 
Director Laboratory Section 
3303 
mm mm mm mm 
mmmmmrn 
(i) 
(X) 
19 
Director X-ray Section — 
3306 
— 
mmmmmm 
a) 
(X) 
20 
Director Dental Section —————— 
3175 
— 
(=i) 
(X) 
21 
Director Pharmacy Section —— 
3100 
— 
— 
(«d 
(X) 
22 
Director Veterinary Section ——— 
3221 
****** mm 
— 
(bl) 
(X) 
23 
General instructors —————— 
3100 
........ 
(3) 
(9) 
24 
Total commissioned -—-——— 
4 
7 
8 
40 
25 
Warrant Officer —————— 
1 
i 
mm mm** mm . ' 
—I"* 
26 
Personnel & Classification -—— 
2120 
(i) 
(i) 
mm mm mm mm 
27 
Master Sergeant — —— 
JL 
—i 
— 
5 
oft 
fl\ 
/i \ 
40 
UulOI UluiA ••••••••••••••••••••••••• 
V-W 
K-LJ 
\'J 
29 
Technical Sergeant — 
— 
1 
1 
—— 
5 
30 
Supply & Motor Sergeant —-—-— 
(1) 
(1) 
— 
(5) 
31 
Staff Sergeant ———-—-— 
1 
1 
5 
32 
Chief Training Clerk 
(1) 
(X) 
(5) 33 
ot 
Sergeant — 
5 
1 
(1) 
21 
(1) 
JH 
3$ 
Medical NCO Instructors 
673 
(5) 
— 
(20) 
36 
Technician, grade 3 ) 
37 
" , " 4 ) 
3 
12 
2A 
38 
" , " 5 ) 
39 
Technician, surgical 
861 
(3) 
(2) 
(U) 
AO 
” , medical —- 
A09 
— 
— 
(2) 
(2) 
a 
, x-ray 
26A 
(2) 
(2) 
A2 
, dental laboratory 
067 
«—— 
— 
(2) 
(2) 
A3 
, veterinary 
250 
— 
— 
a) 
(1) 
AA 
, medical laboratory 
85 8 
— 
— 
(2) 
(2) 
A 5 
Pharmacist 
1A9 
-— 
(1) 
(i) 
Jk 
Corporal 
3 
7 
A 
35 
W 
Stenographer (Instructor) 
213 
(2) 
(1) 
(1) 
(V) 
A8 
Automobile Mechanic (Instructor) 
01A 
— « 
(i) 
-—. 
U) 
A9 
Cook (Instructor) 
060 
(1) 
(4) 
50 
Clerks, Typist (Instructors) 
A0 5 
(1) 
(i) 
(i) 
(6) 
51 
Technician Equipment Maintenance - (1) 
229 
— — 
(1) 
a) 
(5) 
52 
Sanitary Technicians (Instructors) — 
196 
— — 
(1) 
(4) 
53 
Baker (Instructor) -— 
017 
a) 
— 
(4) 
5A 
Utilities 
121 
— 
a) 
(1) 
55 
Total enlisted — 
5 
18 
18 
95 
56 
Aggregate — — 
10 
26 
26 
1A0 
NOT 
E: Transportation is included in Sectio 
n II. T/0 & El SPECIAL 
17 May 1945 
MEDICAL TRAINING DETACHMENT, U. S. ARMY 
Section II 
EQUIPMENT 
GENERAL 
1, This table is in accordance with AR 310-60, and it will be 
the authority for requisition in accordance with AR 35-6540, and for 
the issue of all items of equipment listed herein unless otherwise 
indicated, 
2, When there appears a discrepancy between the allowances 
shown in column 2, "Allowances," and column 4, "Basis of distribution 
and remarks," the amount shown in column 2 will govern, 
3, Items of clothing and individual equipment, components of 
sets and kits, spare parts, accessories, special tools, and allowances 
of expendable items, are contained in the following publications. 
Army Air Force; 
Air Corps Stock List. 
AAF Technical Orders of the 00-30 series. 
Chemical Warfare Service; 
Army Service Forces Catalogs, CW 1, 3, 5, 6, 7, and 9. 
Allowances of Expendable Supplies, Army Service Forces Catalogs, 
CW 4*1 and 4*2. 
Corps of Engineers: 
Army Service Forces Catalogs, Engr 1-1, 2, 3*1, 3-2, 5, 6, 7, 
8, 10, and 11, 
Allowances of Expendable Supplies, Series A. 
Medical Department: 
Army Service Forces Catalogs, Med 1, 2, 3, 6, and 7, 
Allowances of Expendable Supplies, Army Service Forces Catalog 
Med 4. 
Ordnance Department: 
Standard Nomenclature Lists (SNL), and Army Service Forces 
Catalog, Ordnance Supply Catalog, index to which is the Army 
Service Forces Catalog Ord 2 OPSI. 
Cleaning, Preserving, and Lubricating Materials; Recoil Fluids, 
Special Oils, and Miscellaneous Related Items, Army Service 
Forces Catalog Ord 5 SNL K-l, 
T/A 23, Targets and Target Equipment, T/0 & E: SPECIAL 
Quartermaster Corpsi 
T/E 21, Clothing and Individual Equipment, 
Allowances of Expendable Supplies, Army Service Forces Catalog QM A* 
Components, Spare Parts, Accessories and Contents of Chests, Kits 
and Sets, and Other Items of Quartermaster Property, Circular 
No. A, OQMG. 
Army Service Forces Catalogs, QM 3-l> 3-2, 5-1, 6, 7, and 8. 
AR 30-3010, Items and Price List of Regular Supplies Controlled by 
Budget Credits and Price List of Other Miscellaneous Supplies. 
Signal Corps: 
Army Service Forces Catalogs, Sig 3, 5, 7, and 8. 
Allowances of Expendable Supplies, Army Service Forces Catalogs, 
Sig A-l and A-2. 
Authorized Signal Corps Parts List. 
AR 310-200, Military Publications, Allowance and Distribution. 
AR 775, Qualification in Arms and Ammunition Training Allowances. 
A. The following information is furnished reference organiza- 
tion of the Medical Training Detachments (Headquarters and (A) four 
sections) for the Philippine Army. 
Company ----- 200 men 
Battalion —- A companies or a major fraction thereof. 
Regiment —— 3 battalions or a major fraction thereof. 
PERSONNEL 
Leyte 
Mindanao 
Camp 
Olives , 
Camp 
Murphy 
(Includes 
HOS) • 
Officers -———— — 
7 
7 
7 
19 
(4) 
Warrant Officers — — 
Enlisted men (training cadre) 
1 
1 
1 
2 
(i) 
Master or First Sgt 
1 
1 
1 
2 
(1) 
T/Sgt 
1 
1 
1 
2 
a) 
S/Sgt 
1 
1 
1 
2 
a) 
Sgt 
5 
5 
5 
6 
Teen 4 — ——- 
2 
2 
2 
4 
Teen 3 
1 
1 
1 
3 
Cpl 
7 
7 
7 
14 
(3) 
Teen 5 ——-— 
1 
1 
1 
5 
Enlisted men (trainees) 
375 
375 
375 
475 
Student Officers — 
100 
100 
100 
100 
Aggregate 
Total 
502 
502 
502 
634 
2,14.0 T/0 & E! SPECIAL 
NUMBER CF COURSES » 
Leyte 
Mindanao 
Camp Olives 
Camp Murphy 
§ *3 I Cooks & Bakers 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 o ® Chauffeurs & Truck Drivers 
1 
1 
1 
1 
5 S.4? Company, Supply & Medical Clerks 
1 
1 
1 
•1 
w J, Mechanics 
1 
1 
1 
1 
J Sanitary Technicians 
1 
1 
1 
1 
g Veterinary Surgical Technicians 
1 
y Medical & Surgical Technicians 
1 
g Pharmacy Technicians 
•§ Laboratory Technicians 
1 
1 
£ Dental Technicians 
1 
rtf X-ray Technicians 
1 
5 Medical Equipment Maintenance 
5 Officers* Basic Course 
1 
1 
1 
1 
i 
Total No. of Courses (E.M.) 
5 
5 
5 
11 
Total No. of Courses (Officers) 
1 
1 
1 
1 
Total 
6 
6 
6 
12 
* These courses are in addition to the Basic Military & Basic Technical 
courses. See KTP 8-1, 1 June 1944; MTP 8-2, 1 July 1944; and MTP 8-10, 
1 July 1944* T/0 & El SPECIAL 
NUMBER OF STUDENTS 
The number of trainees to be trained In common specialties and as 
rated technicians is dependent upon the numbers and types of units to 
be activated. This Information Is furnished the Medical Department 
from time to time by higher authorities. However, in an Army of this 
size, there will be economy to set up the technical school at one site 
(Camp Murphy) due to the limited number of students who will attend 
each course. It will reduce overhead by permitting interchange of 
highly qualified instructor personnel within departments of the techni- 
cal school. 
Based on the above, the T/A requisition for equipment for a techni- 
cal school should be based on T/A 8-2, 3 June 1943 so as to establish 
one complete unit (school) capable of conducting all rated technical 
courses• 
Prior to obtaining this permanent equipment for the school, the 
T/E equipment for the activated medical unit should be utilized, since 
on-the-job training is conducted in an operating medical installation 
with its own equipment set up for operation. This is feasible only if 
T/E equipment is actually available at the site of activation on acti- 
vation day for the new unit. 
The T/A shown below therefore does not include equipment for rated 
technicians* schools but does include equipment for basic military, basic 
technical, team training, and common specialties. It is applicable to 
each of the four sections of the Medical Training Detachment. The Camp 
Murphy section should be given in addition the T/A equipment authorized 
by T/A 8-2, 3 June 1943 and Changes 1, 2, 3, and 4 for technical school. 
ARM! AIR FORCES EQUIPMENT 
1 
2 
3 
A 
For 
Item 
Allowances 
compu- 
tation 
Basis of Issue and Remarks 
Bag, Drop Message ea— 
1 
A 
Per training section 
Raft, Pneumatic, 5-man —ea— 
1 
A 
Per training section T/0 & Es SPECIAL 
CHEMICAL 
1 
2 , 
3 1 
U 
For 
Item 
Allow- 1 
corapu- 
Basis of issue and remarks 
ances 
tation 
Alarm, gas. Ml —ea— 
' 1 
1 per training section 
Apparatus, decontaminating: 
l£ qt, M2 — ea— 
1 
1 per training section 
3 gal. Ml ea— 
1 
1 per training section 
Kits 
Repair, gas mask, univer- ea— 
1 
Per training section 
sal, M8 
Chemical agent detector —ea— 
1 
Per training section 
Mask, gas: 
Diaphragm, M3A1 ea— 
10 
Per training section (if 
IXA1-IVA1 
available) 
Service -ea— 
1 
Per indiv (cadre and trainees) 
Service, lightweight ea— 
Per training section (for in- 
M3Al-1041-6 
structional purposes only) 
Set: 
Drawings, colored, chemical set 
1 
Per training section 
warfare material 
Gas, identification, —— set 
2 
Per training section 
instructional, Ml 
ENGINEER 
Alidade, boxwood, triangular 
in 
1 
Per training section: sn 
technician course 
Block, ordinary, steel shell, 
iron sheave, graphite bronze 
brushed, for Manila rope, singl 
hook side loose, with becket, 
1-in, rope, 8-in shell 
3 
5 
Per training section 
Camouflage equipment set #£ 
training and maintenance 
1 
Per training section 
Compass, lensatis, luminous dial 
w/oase 
1 
i 
Per 50 trainees (50 per cent 
compasses, watch may be is- 
sued in lieu of compass len- 
satic, if 100 per cent issue 
of compass, lensatic is not 
available 
Demolition equipment, Set No. 1, 
engineer squad 
1 
Per training section T/0 & E: SPECIAL 
1 
2 
3 
A 
For 
Item 
Allow- 
compu- 
Basis of issue and remarks 
ances 
tation 
Duster, Insect, hand, rotary 
1 
Per 2 cos or major fraction 
blower type. Peris green or 
thereof; per 3$ stu per sn 
powder, 5 to 10-lb* 
techn course (non standard)• 
Electric lighting equipment. Set 
2 
Per training section. 
No. 3, 3-KVA. 
Measurer, map ————————— 
1 
Per training section. 
Mine probe, M-l ———————— 
$ 
Per training section. 
Net, camouflage, cotton, shrimp: 
22 x 22-ft 
1 
Per training section. 
29 x 29-ft 
1 
Per training section. 
36 x U-ft 
1 
Per training section. 
Protractor, rectangular, plastic 
1 
Per 30 trainees. 
1/8 x 1-3A x 6-in. 
Reproduction equipment. Set No. 
1 
Per training section. 
A, gelatin process, 22 x 33-in. 
Sketching equipment. Set No* 1— 
1 
Per training section; sn techn 
course. 
Sprayer, insect, knapsack type. 
1 
Per training section; per 10 
diaphragm or plunger type, 
stu per sn techn course 
5-gal. capacity. 
(nonstandard)• 
MEDICAL 
Brassard: 
Geneva Convention ea— 
1 
Per trainee, med sv. 
Veterinary Corps —— ea— 
1 
Per trainee, vet sv. 
Clock, interval timer ea-- 
A 
Per elks1 course. 
Kit* 
Dental* 
Officer ea— 
1 
Per training section. 
Pvt —— ea-- 
1 
Per co. 
Medical: 
NCO ea— 
1 
Per med NCO. 
Officer —-— -ea— 
1 
Per med off. 
Pvt — ea— 
1 
Per med pvt. 
Veterinary* 
NCO ea— 
1 
Per training section. 
Pvt ————————*ea— 
1 
Per training section. 
Officer — ea— 
1 
Per training section. 
First aid: 
Gas casualty -ea-- 
A 
Per co. 
Motor vehicle* 
m 
12-unit ea— 
1 
Per A fuel consuming mtr ve- 
hides or fraction thereof 
except mtrcls* 
24-unit ———————-ea— 
1 
Per training section. T/0 & E: SPECIAL 
1 
2 
3 
4 
Item 
Allow- 
ances 
For 
compu- 
tation 1 
Basis of issue and remarks 
Unit equipment: 
Medical Battalion T/O & ea-- 
E8-16 less 1 collecting 
co and 1 cir plat, 
(current) 
Battalion Medical Equip ea— 
ment (9720500). 
1 
2 
Per training section. 
Per training section. 
Dental Clinic, Ho. 2 ea— 
(9505600). 
1 
Per training section Camp 
Murphy where dental cli- 
nic is used for tng pur- 
poses. 
Veterinary Dispensary ea— 
Equipment (9734.000), 
1 
Per training section Camp 
Murphy in which vet sv 
personnel are trained. 
Veterinary Pack Equipment —ea— 
(9735500). 
1 
Do. 
ORDNANCE 
A. Weapons and raisce] 
.laneous 
Bayonet Knife M4 with —-— ea— 
1 
Per carbine cal. .30M1. 
scabbard M8A1 
Binoculars, M3 — ——-ea— 
4 
Per training section 
(SNL P-210). 
Carbine, cal. .30 Ml ea— 
50 
Per co (SNL B-28). 
Pistol, automatic, .45 —ea— 
2 
Per co (SNL B-6). 
M1911A1. 
Revolver, Cal. .45, M1917 ——ea— 
2 
Per co (SNL B-7). 
Rifles 
U. S. Cel. .22, M2 ——ea— 
10 
Per co (SNL B-17). 
U. S. Cal* .30, Ml —ea— 
10 
Per co (SNL B-21). 
U. S. Cal. .30, M1903A3 ea— 
175 
Per co (SNL B-3)* 
or 10.903Al. 
Spring Gauge —————ea— 
1 
Per training section. 
Tachometer ea— 
1 
Per training section. 
Tool Sets (complete with 
tools)s 
Motor Vehicle mechanics* ea— 
1 
Per auto mech; add per 2 
Unit equipment Second 
stu mech (SNL G-27). 
echelon: 
Set No. 1 ———————ea— 
1 
Per training section (SNL G-27). 
Set No. 2 ——————-ea— 
1 
Do. 
Set No. 7 —-——ea— 
1 
— 
Do. T/0 & E: SPECIAL 
1 
2 
3 
A 
Item 
Allow- 
ances 
For 
compu- 
tation 
Basis of issue and remarks 
Tool Sets, (complete with 
tools) — Continued. 
1 
Per training section 
(SNL G-27). 
Do. 
VUlCalllZOr 'S ------------- 
Wrench, torque, indicating, —ea— 
■J-in. square stationary. 
1 
X 
B. Vehicles 
Trailer: 
1-ton, 2-wheel, cargo ea— 
1 
Per training section. 
1-ton, 2-wheel, water ea— 
2 
Per training section 
tank, 250-gallon, 
(SNL C-527). 
•J-ton, 2-wheel, cargo ——— ea— 
1 
Per training section 
(SNL G-529). 
Truck: 
-£“ton, A*A ea— 
2 
Per training section 
(SNL G-503); 1 for Hqa 
Camp Murphy. 
3/4-ton, A x Ay Ambulance, —ea— 
1 
—————— 
Do. 
K-D. 
3/4-ton, A x Ay weapons ——ea— 
2 
Do. (SNLG-502). 
carrier. 
2j—ton, 6x6, cargo ea— 
3 
Do. (SNL G-506). 
C. Motor transport equipment 
Axe, handled, chopping, ea— 1 
1 
Per fuel consuming mtr ve- 
single bit standard grade. 
hide (SNL M-3). 
A-lb. 
Chain, motor vehicle, tow, ——ea— 
1 
Per 3 fuel consuming mtr 
16* long x 7/16" dia. 
vehicles, to 2j—ton 
inclusive (SNL M-3)* 
Mattock, handled, pick, -——oa— 
1 
Per fuel consuming mtr ve- 
type II Class F, 5-lb. 
hide, except trk, £-ton, 
A x A (SNL 11-3). 
Rope, tow, 20* long, 1" dia —ea— 
1 
Per fuel consuming mtr ve- 
hicle under ij-ton capa- 
city (SNL H-9). 
Shovel, general purpose, D -—ea— 
Per fuel consuming mtr ve- 
X 
handled strapback, round 
hide (SNL M-3). 
point. No. 2 T/0 & Ej special 
QUARTERMASTER 
* 1 
2 
3 
4 
For 
Item 
Allow- 
compu- 
Basis of issue and remarks 
ances 
tation 
Apparatus, leading, Veter- ea— 
1 
Training section Gamp Murphy 
inary. 
Axe, intrenching, M-1910, ea— 
1 
Per 30 EM. 
with handle. 
Bag, canvas, water steriliz- —ea— 
1 
Per 100 indiv or maj fraction 
ing, porous, complete with- 
thereof. 
cover and hanger. 
2 
Per 100 students, sn techn 
course (bag, canvas, water 
sterilizing, complete 
w/cover and hanger will be 
substituted until exhausted). 
Bar, mosquito —-— —ea— 
1 
Per 2 stu. 
12 
Per co; sn techn course. 
Bucket s 
General-purpose, galvan- ea— 
4 
Per baker and ck course* 
ized, heavy-weight. 
10 
Per co; sn techn course. 
without-lip, lA-qt. 
5 
Add per training section. 
capacity. 
Canvas, water,18-quart —ea— 
1 
Per fuel consuming mtr ve- 
hide. 
Cabinet, filing, steel, insulated 
1-hour-heat-resisting-with- 
combination locks 
Cap size, 1 drawer x A ”——ea— 
1 
Per training section; baker 
drawers• 
and ck course; clk*s course; 
sn techn course (when avail- 
able). 
Letter size, 1 drawer x A ea— 
1 
Per training section; sn techn 
drawers. 
course (when available). 
Cans, corrugated, nesting, 
galvanized, with covers 
10-gallon -ea— 
2 
Per 100 stu, baker and ck course 
3 
— 
Per 100 stu, sn techn course. 
32-gallon —ea— 
2 
Per 100 stu, baker and ck course 
18 
— 
Add per training section. 
Can, water, 5-gallon ea— 
2 
Per 100 stu, baker and ck course 
5 
Per sn techn course. 
20 
Per co. 
Carriers s 
- 
Axe, intrenching, M-1910 -ea— 
1 
— 
1 per axe, intrenching, M-1910. 
Pick-mattock, intrench- —ea— 
1 
Per pick-mattock, intrenching, 
ing, M-1910. 
M-1910. 
Shovel, intrenching, M-———ea— 
1 
Per shovel, intrenching, M- 
1943. 
1943 (carr, shovel, intrench- 
ing, M-1910 to be issued when 
12 - 
shovel, intrenching, M-1910 
is issued)• 
• 12 - T/0 & E: SPECIAL 
1 
2 
3 
A 
Allow- 
ances 
For 
Item 
compu- 
tation 
Basis of issue and remarks 
Wire-cutter, 11-1938 -——ea— 
Case, canvas, dispatch ——ea-- 
1 
1 
— 
Per cutter, wire, M-1938. 
Per co; training section. 
Chairs: 
Folding — ea— 
1 
Per 2 stu, elks1 course. 
3 
Per co. 
250 
Per training section. 
50 
Per baker and ck course. 
Chest, commissary, complete ea-*- 
1 
Per training section. 
with equipment. 
Container, round insulated, ea— 
M-1941 with inserts. 
2 
Per go; 100 stu, baker and 
ck course. 
Cup, coffee, unhandled, 13- ea— 
ounce capacity. 
20 
Per 100 stu, baker and ck 
course• 
Cutter, wire, M-1938 —-—-ea— 
1 
Per training section. 
Desk: 
Field (empty), fiber: 
Per co; elks* course (if 
available)• 
Per training section (if 
available)• 
Company ———————ea— 
Headquarters ea— 
1 
2 
Office, wood: 
Flat-top single —— ea— 
1 
Per off when atzd by CO} off 
and NC0, elks1 course; baker 
and ck course (if available). 
5 
Per special course (if avail- 
able ). 
Typewriter, drop-at -—-ea— 
center, left, or right. 
1 
Per typist when atzd by CO 
(if available). 
Dictionary, desk-type —ea— 
1 
Per training section. 
2 
Per elks* course. 
1 
Per hq, section. 
Drum, inflammable-liquid -—ea— 
(gasoline), steel, with- 
1 
Per trk, A x A} set of 
range, fid, 11-1937. 
carrying-handle capacity, 
5-gallons, 
2 
Per fuel consuming mtr ve- 
hide except -J-ton trk. 
Flags: 
Geneva-convention, Red- — ea— 
1 
imtmmmmHft 
Per amb. 
Cross, bunting. Ambu- 
lance and marker. 
Guidon, bunting —————ea— 
1 
Per co. 
National Standard, Services-- 
1 
Per regt. 
Organizational Standard, -ea— 
Service 
1 
Per regt, sep tng bn or equi- 
valent orgn. T/0 & E: SPECIAL 
1 
2 
3 
U 
Item 
Allow- 
lances 
For 
compu- 
tation 
Basis of issue and remarks 
File, paper, arch, board, —ea— 
wo/index-and-cover• 
12 
20 
Per training section. 
Per 100 stu, baker and ck 
course• 
Per indiv. 
Per training section. 
Per baker and ck course 
(heater, water, for range, 
fid, M-1937 to be issued 
in lieu thereof until 
exhausted)• 
Per 2 EM in elks* course. 
Per baker and ck course 
(when available). 
Per 100 stu, baker and ck 
course• 
f Ur&| vauXO ■l""*****-""-*"*“o*** 
Frame, mosquito-bar, wood —ea-- 
(for cots folding canvas)• 
Heater, immersion type for -ea— 
cans corrugated 
X 
5 
/ 
1 
nuJLu^r| copy 
X 
o 
o 
nooivy uicu w * *'* j *■** *«*"" 
Knife: 
Boning, 6* blade — -ea— 
Cooks1, 12* blade ea— 
Table, grill© ea— 
o 
< 
uo. 
20 
I/O . 
Do. 
Per 12 EM or maj fraction 
thereof• 
Per baker and ck course. 
Per training section. 
Per hq co. 
Per co. 
Per EM. 
Per classification hq section) 
baker and ck course) elks* 
course. 
Do. 
Per training section. 
Do. 
Per training section; baker 
and ck course; elks* course* 
IlX« y ** •* “**■“■***■*"*"* 
Lantern: 
Gasoline, leaded fuel ea— 
X 
L 
o 
10 
2 
Kerosene, army —-ea— 
L 
0 
1 
XX/CiiivX uOX *** ~1 ■“ •" 
Machine: 
Computing: 
Listing, portable, hand-ea— 
operated. 
Non-listing (calculating - 
hand-operated. 
Duplicating, using-spirit- 
process: 
Hand-operated, 8 x 13 —ea— 
inches. 
Military Field Kit ——ea— 
Duplicating using-stencil-ea— 
paper hand-operated, 
8 x 13 inches. 
X 
1 
X 
1 
X 
1 
X* 
1 
X T/0 & EI SPECIAL 
1 
2 
3 
4 
For 
» 
Item 
Allow- 
ances 
compu- 
tation 
i Basis of issue and remarks 
Embossing (Craphotype), —ea— 
motor driver complete 
w/plate roller. 
1 
Per training section. 
Paper-fastening, lever-or-ea— 
1 
- - —— 
Per special courses; co. 
plunger type, wire- 
staple preformed light 
duty. 
4 
Per classification Hqs 
section. 
Opener, can, mechanical, - -ea— 
table-type. 
Outfit: 
4 
Per 100 stu, baker and ck 
course. 
Cooking, i-burner ——-ea— 
Pan: 
1 
Per baker and ck course. 
Dish, capacity 21 qt ea— 
Pie, 9-in — ———••©a— 
4 
40 
Per 100 stu, baker and ck 
course. 
Do. 
Paulin, canvas, large ea— 
2 
Per training section. 
Perforator, non-ad j us table, -ea— 
2-hole• 
2 
Per training section; baker 
and ck course; sn techn 
course; elks1 course. 
Pick, handled, railroad, 6—ea— 
to-7 lbs. 
8 
Per co. 
Plek-mattock, intrenching, -ea— 
M-1910 with-handle. 
2 
Per 30 EM. 
Picket-line-set, M-1933 — ea— 
Plate: 
1 
- 
Per training section Camp 
Murphy where vet sv person- 
nel are trained. 
Dinner, 9-5/8-inch-dia ea— 
20 
Per 100 stu, baker and ck 
course• 
Pump, gasoline, portable, —ea— 
gasoline engine driven, 
dispensing, 30 gal per 
minute. 
1 
Per training section. 
Rake, garden, steel, 14 ——ea— 
2 
Per sn techn course. 
teeth. 
Range, field, M-1937: 
1- ea— 
2- — ea— 
4-unit—— .—~ea— 
4 
2 
2 
2 
Per co. 
Per 100 stu, baker and ck 
course. 
Do. 
Per baker and ck course. 
Receptacle, waste paper -—ea— 
1 
— 
Per off as atzd by CO. 
4 
Per training section; sn 
techn course. 
7 
Per baker and ck course. T/O & E: SPECIAL 
1 
2 
3 
A 
Allow- 
ed 
For 
Item 
compu- 
tation 
Basis of issue and remarks 
15 
Per elks' course. 
18 
Per classification Hqe 
section. 
25 
Per elks* course. 
Saddle, Phillips1 - pack, —ea— 
cargo. 
1 
Per training section Camp 
Murphy where vet sv person- 
nel are trained. 
Safe, field, combination ea— 
1 
Per co; training section Hqs 
lock. 
10 
Per cen hq (safe, fid, keylock 
will be substituted until 
exhausted)• 
Saucer, coffee, 7-inch dia.-ea— 
20 
Per 100 stu, baker and ck 
course. 
Saw: 
Butchers1, 22** blade ea-- 
2 
Do. 
Cross-cut, 2-man, length -ea— 
1 
Per training section. 
6 ft. 
Scale, weighing, platform, -ea— 
1 
Do. 
folding Army-and-Navy- 
type 300-lb capacity. 
Screen, latrine, complete —ea— 
1 
Per co; sn techn course. 
(with-pins-and-poles). 
5 
Per training section. 
Seal, official. War Depart—ea— 
3 
Per training section. 
ment, 
Section, furniture wood up—ea— 
right letter-size with- 
ends, 4-drawer high, 1- 
drawer-wide• 
1 
Per training section and to 
be located in classification 
Hqs section; baker and ck 
course; sn techn course* 
Set, conversion No, 2, sim—ea— 
plified, 
3 
Per 100 stu, baker and ck 
course. 
Shears, office, bankers, — ea— 
9-inch. 
1 
————— 
Per elks1 course (when avail- 
able ) • 
Shovels 
General-purpose, D-handled-ea- - 
1 
Per 3 stu in sn techn course* 
strap-back, round-pint, 
5 
Per co. 
No. 2. 
Intrenching, M-1943 —ea— 
7 
------ 
Per 30 EM (shovel, intrench- 
ing, M-1910 to be issued in 
lieu thereof until exhausted). 
Sledge, blacksmiths', -ea— 
10 
Per co. 
double-face, weight 6 or 
8 lbs. 
A 
Per 100 stu or maj fraction 
thereof in sn techn course. 
Sling, color, web, od ———ea— 
1 
— 
Per standard. T/0 & E: SPECIAL 
1 
2 
3 
A 
Allow- 
ances 
For 
Item 
compu- 
tation 
Basis of issue and remarks 
Spoons, table, medium -— ea— 
20 
Per 100 stu, baker and ck 
course. 
Sprayer, liquid, insect, -—ea— 
pump type, 1-qt. 
Stand: 
5 
Per 100 stu sn techn course. 
Desk, visible filing, 75 —ea— 
frame. 
Typewriter, wooden: 
1 
Per classification sec cen 
hq handling 10,000 trainees. 
With-l-drawer-and-slide-ea— 
1 
Per 2 EM in elks* course. 
With-3-drawers with™—ea— 
drop-leaf, 
1 
Per 50 stu, baker and ck 
course. 
Steel, butchers *, 10n blade -ea— 
2 
Per 100 stu, baker and ck 
course. 
Stencil-outfit, complete, —ea— 
with-figures-and-letters 
and ln. 
1 
Per coj sn techn course. 
Stone, sharpening, mounted, -ea— 
medium grit, 1x2x6 
inches. 
2 
Per 100 stu baker and ck 
course. 
Stretcher, shoe (sizes 0, 1 set— 
and 2). 
Table : 
Camp, folding ———ea— 
1 
2 
Per training section. 
Per baker and ck course. 
Office, wood — ea— 
A 
1 
Per coj training section. 
Per off as atzd by CO (if 
available). 
2 
Per elks1 course; sn techn 
course (if available). 
A 
Per baker and ck course (if 
available)• 
Tent: 
Kitchen, flyproof -—--—-ea— 
Sectional ————————ea— 
15 
1 
10 
Per training section (if 
available). 
Per set of range, fid, M-1937 
(fly, tent, wall large will 
be substituted until tent, 
ki, flyproof is available). 
Per training section (tent, 
hosp ward, will be issued 
in lieu thereof on a basis 
of 1 to 1 until exhausted). 
Squad, M-19A2 complete ea— 
(with-pins-and-poles) 
3 
Per co. T/0 & Es SPECIAL 
1 
2 
3 
A 
Allow- 
For 
Item 
compu- 
Basis of issue and remarks 
ances 
tation 
Storage, complete w/fly —ea— 
pins-and-poles• 
U 
Per training section (tent, 
wall, large, complete w/ 
fly, pins and poles will 
be substituted until ex- 
hausted) . 
1 
Do. 
Wall, small, complete ea— 
3 
Do. 
(with-fly-pins-and- 
poles). 
* 
Tool-set (complete, with tools): 
Carpenters* No. 2 — ea— 
1 
Per co5 10 stu in sn techn 
course. 
Carpenters1 No. 1 ea— 
1 
Per training section. 
Tray, desk, wood, cap-size,-ea— 
1 
Per special course. 
2J~in. 
2 
-—-— 
Per off and NCO, elks* course. 
U 
Per co. 
5 
— 
Per training section. 
Trimmer, print, drop-knife -ea— 
1 
Per training section; spec 
course; sn techn course; 
elks* course. 
Trumpet, C-with-slide-to-F -ea— 
1 
Per bglr; stu bglr. 
Tube, flexible nozzle ea— 
1 
Per fuel consuming mtr ve- 
hicle • 
Typewriters 
Nonportable: 
11-inch carriage -ea— 
1 
Per co; baker and ck course; 
efr course; mech course. 
6 
Add per training section Hq. 
5 
Add per Hqs section. 
1 
——— 
Per 3 EM in elks* course. 
14.-inch carriage —ea— 
1 
— 
Per classification sec hq. 
26-inch carriage -———ea— 
1 
------ 
Per special course; training 
section. 
2 
Per hq sec (Camp Murphy) 
Portable, with-carrying —ea— 
1 
— 
Per fid desk issued. 
case. 
Wheelborrow —— ea— 
1 
——-- 
Per co. 
3 
...... 
Per 100 stu or maj fraction 
thereof in sn techn course. T/O & Es SPECIAL 
1 
2 
3 
U 
Item 
Allow- 
ances 
For 
1compu- 
tation 
Basis of issue and remarks 
Whip, egg: 
j 
Per 100 stu, baker and ck 
course. 
Do. 
Per fid offj CO of co; It 
of co; 1st sgt; plat sgt; 
truck-master. 
Per co. 
4 
l 
lO'lUCQ — — gg— 
Whistles, thunderer -—— ea— 
Wringer, mop, with-bucket —ea— 
4 
X 
3 
SIGNAL 
Per training section. 
Per training section or maj 
fraction thereof. 
Per fuel consuming mtr ve- 
hides; per 10 stu; per 
sn techn course. 
Per co. 
Per co; training section. 
Add training section. 
Per training section. 
Training section Camp Murphy. 
Training section. 
Add per Camp Murphy sec. 
Per training section. 
Add per Camp Murphy sec. 
Per training section. 
Add per Camp Murphy sec. 
Per training section. 
DvXXvp wXwCiUi va 
Detector Set SCR-625-( ) ea— 
Flashlight TL-122-( ) ea— 
X 
1 
X 
1 
X 
10 
3 
10 
Lantern, Electric, Portable, 
Hand, 
Penal Ca+ 
jreiuex 06 u iur V / * “d 
Projector, Film Strip 35 mm-ea— 
Projector Equipments 
PH 222, 16 mm — -ea— 
X 
1 
X 
o 
Public Address: 
Equipment PA-4“ ( ) —ea— 
Sfit Vh 5 ( ) r* rn 
X 
o 
2 
o 
— 
wpm Jl -oL J \ J — 
mL 
1 
Telephone EE-8 —— —ea— 
X 
3 TAB. C 
Recommend that the following training aids be made available in the 
quantities stated for instructional purposes* 
a. Manuals. 
(1) Field manuals 
8-35 Transportation of the Sick and Wounded - 1200 copies 
8-4.0 Field Sanitation - 1200 " 
8-50 Bandaging and Splinting (with C. 1) - 1200 * 
21-11 First Aid for Soldiers (1943 edition, if 
available) to be issued to each soldier in 
the Philippine Army for his use and retention. -150,000 " 
21-20 Physical Training 200 w 
(2) Technical Manuals 
8-220 Medical Department Soldiers Handbook - 10,000 * 
(1 copy to be issued to each Med. Dept, 
soldier for his use and retention.} 
8-225 Dental Technicians 200 n 
8-227 Methods for Laboratory Technicians 200 " 
8-233 Methods for Pharmacy Technicians 200 ■ 
8-240 Roentgenographic Technicians 200 " 
8-260 Fixed Hospitals of the Medical Department 50 * 
8-275 Military Roentgenology 200 * 
8-285 Treatment of Casualties from Chemical Agents -200 " 
8-500 Hospital Diets 200 • 
b. Graphic Training Aida. 
8-1 First Aid (Portfolio) 8 » 
8-4 Malaria (Portfolio) 8 • 
8-17 Personal Health (Portfolio) 8 " 
8-5 Shock 25 " 
8-6 Three Life Savers 25 " 
c. Three dimentional training aids. 
War Wound Moulages (Set of 8) 8 " 
d. Film Strips. (4 each of the following) 
8-39 Heavy Tent Pitching-Hospital Tentage, Ward Tent 
8-50 Application of the Army Hinged, Half-ring Leg Splint. 
*8-60 Disposal of Waste 
*8-61 Mess sanitation 
♦8-62 Water Supply and Purification 
♦8-63 Housing and Control of Respiratory Diseases. 
*8-64 Control of Insect-Borne Diseases. 
*-Are suitable for all Army personnel. ♦8-69 First Aid for Combat Injuries 
♦8-70 First Aid for Non-combat Injuries 
8-7A The Morphine Syrette 
8-75 Med. Serv. of the Inf. Div. Part I- Med. Det. 
8-76 " " « " " * Part II The Med. Bn. 
8-77 Common Military Vehicles as Patient Carriers. 
8-78 Ambulance Loading and Unloading 
8-79 Anatomy and Physiology, Instructional Charts. 
8-81 Ward Management and Nursing, Part I 
8-82 " " " » , Part II 
8-83 River Crossing Expedients for Medical Units. 
8-98 Sterile Technic 
8-101 Bandaging, Part I-Triangular Bandage 
8-102 " , Part II Roller Bandage 
e. Training Films. Miscellaneous Films and Film Bulletins. (A each 
of the following) 
♦8-155 Personal Hygiene 
♦8-953 Malaria: Cause and Control 
♦8-999 The Fly 
♦8-1000 The Louse 
♦8-117A Purification of Water 
♦8-1179 Disposal of Human Waste 
♦8-1238 Sex Hygiene 
♦8-1288 Louse-Borne Diseases 
8-13A3 Care of the Sick and Injured, Part I, Morning Care 
8-13AA * n " 9 " ", Part II Evening Care 
8-13A5 » » « »» * " , Part III Post Operative Care 
8-I3A6 a a h * a a 1 f Part iv Temp. Pulse & 
Respiration 
8-1382 anas a « , Surgical Dressings 
8-1383 a a a a a a f Enemas 
8-I366 Hypodermic Syringes and Needles-Their care and Function. 
8-1378 Clinical Malaria 
8-1388 The Heart and Circulation 
8-I389 Mechanism of Breathing 
8-1390 Digestion of Foods 
8-1391 Control of Body Temperature 
8-1392 The Work of the Kidneys 
8-1393 The Nervous System 
8-139A The Eyes and Their Care 
8-1395 Endocrine Glands 
8-1396 Body Defenses Against Disease 
♦8-20A7 First Aid of Battle Injuries 
♦8-20A8 " " " Non-Battle Injuries 
8-2080 Plaster Casts 
8-2090 Ward Care of Psychotic Patients 
1*33A3 Malaria Discipline, Army Air Forces 
Mlso* 157 The Mosquito 
Mlsc. 1035 Private Snafu in Malaria 
F.B. 132 Evacuation of the Wounded 
♦- Are suitable for all Army personnel