R ATT,RO AT) CAR HEATING AND VENTILATING APPARATUS, 
[From Scientific American N. Y. 
" NOVEL DEVICE FOR HEATING AND VENTILATING RAILROAD CARS. 
The object of the device seen in the accompanying engraving is to utilize the heat of the boiler and fire box of a railroad locomotive to warm a 
train of cars in cold weather, and to ventilate the cars with pure air free from dust or cinders in summer. The arrangement is quite simple. The 
front of the locomotive is provided with a funnel-shaped mouth, from which a pipe leads down under the boiler, and in close contact therewith.- 
At the forward end of the fire box it divides into two branches; one passing along each side and through the tender, at the rear of which they 
again unite. Each car is furnished with similiar pipes passing along under the seats, and fitted with registers that may be opened and closed at 
will. The union between the pipes of the different cars is plainly seen in the engraving, a bell mouth containing a packing for the end of the pipe 
but sufficiently yielding to allow of lateral motion in rounding curves, etc. The front end of the pipe has a hood inside the funnel mouth, to pre- 
vent rain or snow from entering. 
It is evident that if the pipes were left exposed to the atmosphere, but little heat could be realized; but to overcome this difficulty the inventor, 
for winter service, proposes to put a heavy non-conducting jacket entirely around the boiler and fire box, or sufficient to enclose the larger portion 
of the heating surface and the pipes. The other exposed portions of the pipe are also similarly protected. In the summer the jacketing of the 
locomotive is removed, and the pipe exposed to the external air." 
Sir : 
The recent railroad accidents which have not only resulted in alarming loss of life, but have increased the terrors of travel by 
the not unfrequent torture of burning to death by over-turned stoves and ignited wood, have led to the invention of a new and simple 
method for warming cars in winter, and, at the same time, supplying what, up to the present moment, might be called, a moving prison, with a 
fresh current of pure air. 
This I have accomplished by using the boiler of the engine, and its fire, as a furnace, by surrounding it with a jacket; and by catching the 
air, in front of the train, which is forced through a cone, then passes around the boiler and through and about the fire of the Engine . It is then 
collected into two tubes and runs through the floor of each car. By means of a register placed at each seat, every passenger can be warmed. 
A register, in front of each door wanning the cold air which finds its way more or less into the car. 
A few of the great advantages to be derived from my invention may be enumerated as follows : 
IN WINTER. 
1. No danger of fire from an upset stove. . 
2. Uniform temperature all through each car, instead of intense heat in the vicinity of the stove, and intense cold away from it. 
3. Warmth to the feet instead of the head. This Furnace is far superior to steam pipes, for, in case of an accident, the passengers would be scald- 
ed by hot water or its vapor. They are moreover freed from such serious accidents as the following : "The Pullman palace car Dexter, was badly 
shattered yesterday at Denver, Col., by the explosion of the hot water heater. The car, fortunately, was unoccupied."-Daily Graphic, N.Y. 
Dec. 11, 1873. 
4- The pipes of each car are easily attached and detached. 
5. A saving of the fuel, now used to heat cars; which amounts to no small item. 
6. The cost of applying said improvement would be more than paid by not only the saving of fuel; but the gain of the room each stove now oc- 
cupies, that is two seats, or four passengers which, on a fair train of 10 cars, would equal 40 passengers, or one extra car,&c. 
IN SUMMER. 
1. The jacket is removed from the boiler of the engine and a pure current of air, free from dust, cinders and smoke is taken from the front of 
the engine and carried into each car. By this means the windows need not be raised; and all those serious annoyances of dust and drafts are at once 
remedied. 
2. Any company using this method of heating and ventilating cars would command a monopoly; for it is a fact in life that those who travel seek 
despatch, economy and comfort 
I am prepared to treat with companies or responsible individuals, for the sale of my invention, and the patent; for all or parts of the United 
States. 
A liberal per centage will be paid to any agents who succeed in disposing of a right or rights. 
Address all communications to 
Yours Rkspbctfuixy, 
SAMUEL W. FRANCIS, 
Box "340," P. O. NEWPORT, R. I., U.S.A.