IB - PH - WBL 8 
NATIONAL NSLPAHB AGENCIES IN JAPAN 
PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE TECHNICAL BULLETIN 
PHW, SCAB APO 5C0 
December 1947 
Note: The purpose of this bulletin is to provide brief information 
concerning a number of large national welfare agencies which operate in 
all parts of Japan, No attempt has been made to give a complete history 
of a full description of their operations. All of these agencies are 
under private management but they usually have a close relationship to 
the government. Although they are organized independently of the govern- 
ment with separate executive boards and policies, frequently their_person- 
nel work with the national and prefecture welfare departments. 
1. J apan o s e Natl onal Red Cross (Nippon Seki.juyi Hons ha) . 
a. The Japanese Bed Cross originated in a voluntary relief ser- 
vice, the ’’Society of Brnevolence ” (Hakuaisha), organized in 1877 to pro- 
vide care for the sick and wounded and assist the Army Medical Corps in the 
Southwest provinces uprisings of that year. In 1886 the Government rati- 
fied the International Red Cross Convention and in 1887 the Society of 
Benevolence took the name of the Japanese Red Cross and was- recognized by 
the International Red'Cross in Geneva, In 19w*l, the Japanese Red Cross was 
was incorporated under the Civil Code and implemented as to organization 
and function by Imperial Ordinance. In 1919, the Japanese Red' Cross was 
on*' of five, national Red Cross Societies sponsoring thr founding of the 
International League of Red Cross Societies. By Imperial Ordinance of 
1033, the Japanese Red Cross was placed under the direct influence of the 
Japanese Army and llavy and during the war was a virtual part of the Army’s 
Sanitary Corps. A revised constitution adopted in December, 1948 divorces 
the Society from government control and provides a democratic basis on 
which the Society is reorganizing its services in accordance with recognized 
International Red Cross principles. 
b. MDKBSP.SHI?I Membership in the Society is on an individual 
basis. Th ro arc approximately 10,162,891 adult members,- Junior member- ■ 
ship numbers approximately 1,925,736 children in 5,229 schools, 
c. Program; The Society carries out. a National and International 
program of health and welfare services characteristic of Red Cross Societies 
adhering to International Red Cross principles. At present the Society 
operates 41 General Hospitals, 4 maternal hospitals, 11 tuberculosis sani- 
taria and 54 clinics and dispensaries providing both in and out-patient 
care. Medical and hospital services are on a reduced fro basis with some 
free services being given. The Society operates 32 schools of nursing in 
which at present approximately 25$ of all nurses-in—training in Japan arc 
enrolled. Programs of public health and school nursing, health education rnd special her 1th programs ere developed in cooperation with responsible pub- 
lic health authorities, An expanded program of Red Cro°s disaster services is 
being developed including the coordination of all voluntary private welfare 
and relief agencies participating in disaster relief operations as set forth 
in the new National Disaster Lew. Other Red Cross programs being developed or 
expended include Home Nursing, First Aid, Accident Prevention, Water Safety, 
and Volunteer Services. Greet importance is placed on the early reorganiza- 
tion of its Junior Red Cress, an in-school program to be geared into the new 
school curricula. The Society maintains in Tokyo the largest and most complete 
Public Health Museum in Japan* 
dc Prefecture! Organization: ;The Society is organized with chapters 
end branches in each prefecture* At,this time the Governors of the prefec- 
tures are presidents of the prefecture! chapters and the mayors end village 
chiefs, are presidents of the branches* . ' 
e, T ibrary rnd PublicationsThe Society maintains a small library ‘ 
of professional.-literature in Tokyo accessible to the public. It currently 
publishes pamphlets on health subjects and e monthly magazine, 
\ 
f. National Headquarters: 5 Shiba park, Tokyo. 
2, National. Relief Association; , (Onshi Zaidrn I)cho Engo Kei) 
Note; Doho Engo Kai is translated in several ways, Doha or Doha 
means brethren, fellow-countrymen or compatriots; Engo - relief, aid or assist- 
ance; Kai - association or society,' Cpnfusion sometimes occurs when differ- ' ‘ 
ent translations are made such rs Compatriots Relief Society or Fellow- 
Aid Association, National Relief Association is not e literal 
translation but is used by the national office of the association as the 
English name, 
a, The National Relief Association was established in March 194-6'as 
a result of the reorganization and expansion of the. former War Sufferers Re- 
lief ssociat.ion (Sen’sai Engo Kai). The War Sufferers Association hrd been ■ 
created during'the war to assist persons in need as a, result of the war bomb- 
ings, There was previously in existence'a Veterans Relief Association (Gun- 
jin Engo Kai - also translated as Soldiers Assistance Society) which was dis- 
solved in January 19A6, When Echo Engo Kai was founded the assets of the • 
Veterans Association were transferred to the new association. Although the 
facilities of the Veterans Association were taken over, the special programs 
for Veterans and families of decersed soldiers had been discontinued. The 
Veterans Relief Association in 1939 had .absorbed the Greater Japan Service- 
Relief Society (Dai-Nippon Gunjin Engo Kai), 
b, Wpr,bar ship; Persons who make donations .to the Association be- 
come members, 
c, • Prefecture Organizetion: In each, prefecture there-is e local 
organization of the National Pelief Association, Usually the prefecture 
governor i? the honorary president and. other public officials are officers. 
Some prefecture branches have been reorganized and,persons other than govern- 
ment officials have been selected rs officers. Employees of the Association 
2 are usually resigned to work with the prefecture department .of public-welfare• 
d - Program: The activities.are devoted primarily to 
rid repatriates end ether persons who are in need as e result of the war. 
About facilities or "mass Homes” are maintained, housing about 
66,000 persons* Frequently former Japanese army barracks have been 
for these repatriate and war sufferers housing projects, A total of 347 
work shops assisting about 16,000 persons are operated by the association. 
Other facilities are: day nurseries, baby homes, consultation offices, 'infor- 
mation bureaus, homes for mothers end children, clinics, homes for the eged 
and vocational guidance institutions. The association also operates insti- 
tutions and facilities which &re owned by the prefectural governments, cities 
and towns. The total number of facilities operated or supported by the as- 
sociation is approximately 1,600. It is estimated that about twenty-five 
percent (25%) of the persons aided by the association receive benefits under 
the Daily Life Security Lev;, 
e, I ibrary and publications: None 
f. National headouarters: Japan Industrial Club (Nihon Kcgyo Kura- 
bu)o 1 - Chome Marunouchi Chyoda-Ky, Tokyo, 
3, Mutual Assistance Association for Disabled (Kyojo Ksi) 
a. The Mutual Assistance Association for disabled (Kyojo Kai) was 
organized on 27 March 194-6® The Japan ssociation for Disabled Veterans 
(Dai-Nippon Shoi Gun jin Kai) had been dissolved on 20 February 19A6 and the 
assets of the dissolved society were donated to Kyojo Kai, The program of 
the Disabled Veterans Association had been limited to aiding former soldiers 
but the new organization ''aims to give relief to disabled persons in gener- 
al who ere needy, without discrimination or preferential treatment as to 
cause of disability*1 © 
b. Membership: All disabled persons in Japan ere eligible'for mem- 
bership in the association0 Most of the members, however, are disabled war 
veterans with only a small percentage of other disabled persons. 
c, Prefectural organization: There is a branch of the association 
in each prefecture and an employee of the association is frequently assigned 
to vTcrk as a member of the staff of the prefecture department of welfare. 
Most the work of the association is carried out by the prefectural branch- 
es rather then by the national o^ficea 
d, Program: The activities of the association for the aid of dis- 
abled persons includes vocational guidance and training, maintenance of work 
shops, manufacture and repair of artificial appliances, and assistance for 
needy disabled persons® Over one hundred work shops and vocational centers 
are operated by the association, A hotel service with a capacity of twenty 
(20) persons is maintained by the national office. The association expands 
about 1,500,000 yen annually for the manufacture and repair of artificial 
appliancesc' • *V;- T ibra.ry r-nd publications; None 
• , f • National headquarters; Kaweda-Cho Ichigaya' Shinjuku-ku,. Tokyo.. 
‘4.* All Japan Minsd-iin Federation (£eh-Nihpn Minsei-iidHenmei) _ . 
■ »♦ The Minsei-iin Federation is a ntiiion&l drgf-hizetlon of all •. 
Minsei-iin in Jaipsn, coordinating the-work of individual members,, exchanging 
of ideas, and stimulating interest iri social we If are 'work* 
• b, Membership; Approximately 130,000 Minsei-iin •... 
c •. • Prefecture organisation; There is a federation of Minsei-iin in 
each prefecture of Japan Usually known *ari the ken Minsei-iin Renmei, . 
The office is usually located in the prefecture building (Kencho)* 
d, Program: The national federation by means of publications, 
meetings and conferences provides Minsei-iin and the general public with in- 
formation concerning welfare programs in Japan* (References TB-PH-WTSL 7, 
November 194-7) « ‘• ■ •' • ; •, ' ’ 
e, Library and publications: The national federation publishes 
the relfare Times Report (Minsei JihoT’ which is sent to each Minsei-iin* 
Each Minsei-iin is also provided with a handbook (Minsei-iin Techo) which 
usually c6ntains national welfare laws* Some of the prefecture federations 
also issue a local -magazine or newspaper for the Minsei-iin within' the pre- 
fecture, 
• f • • National: head Quarters: Salvation Army Building, 17, 2 Chome, . ? 
Jimbo-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 
5.- Japan Social Work Association. (Nippon Shakei Jigyo 'Kyokai) 
.a* The Japan Social Monk /ssedation was organized in 1908 and 
was known prior to 194-7 as the. Central Social Work Associr tion (chuo Shakei , 
Jigyo Kyokai)* It assumed an important place in social weIfrre in Japan un- 
der the provisions of the Social Fork Lav/ of 1938 which provided government 
subsidies to approved welfare agencies. ’' ’ ' 
b« -Membership: About five thousand (5,000) welfare agencies and in- 
stitutions in Japan■are. members of the association and-pay'annual fees. Six 
of the largest welfare agencies are affiliated; Japan Red Cross Society; 
Saiseikai; National Relief Assodation (Doho Engo Kai); Minsei-iin Federa- 
tion; Blind Persons Welfare Association; and the Mothers arid Children rel- 
fare Society*,.. , .- . - ” ’• 
c* Program; The association is the most important organization 
which attempts to coordinate the Work of all other existing welfrre agencies, 
both national arid local, ctiyities include research end investigation, pub- 
lication of books and magazines on welfrre subjects, welfare training and 
education programs, and sponsorship of prefecture and national aoci»l wovk 
conferences, (Reference: TB-PH-TEL 2, August 194-7) d. Prefecture organization: In each of the prefectures of Japan 
there is a local association usually known as the ken Shakai Jigyo 
Kyokai , 
e. Library and publications: The association maintains a large li- 
brary at their headquarters in Tokyo which contains social work publications 
in Japanese, English and other languages. The association also publishes a 
monthly magazine called Social Work (Shakci Jigyo), 
f. National Headquarters: 1 Sannen-cho, Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, 
Tokyo, 
6, Sriseikej, an Imperial Gift Foundation (Onshi Zeidsn Saiselkai), 
Note; Salseikai, being a proper name, is usually not translated, 
a. Saiseikal was founded on 30 May 1911 with an Imperial gfant 
from Emperor Meiji and contributions from the general public for +he purpose 
of providing free medical care for needy persons. It is the largest nation- 
al medical relief organization in Japan® In 1924 the program of the founda- 
tion was expanded somewhat end low-cost medical care was made available to 
persons with limited incomes. At the present time free medical care is pro- 
vided for the indigent and for a. nominal fee to person* with small incomes, 
b. Membership: Anyone who donates any amount to the foundation au- ' 
toraatically becomes a member. At the present time about 120,000 persons are 
members, 
c. Program: The foundation operates a general hospital, e materni- 
ty hospital and a nursery in Tokyo under the direct management of the Nation- 
al headruarters, This hospital has a staff of visiting nurses, visiting doc- 
tors and a social service department. Throughout Japan the foundation main- 
tains thirty-four (34) general hospitals, two maternity hospitals and fifty- 
nine (59) clinics which ere under the control of the prefecture associations. 
d. Prefecture organization: There is a local laiseikai in each pre- 
fecture. Frequently an employee of the foundation works as a member of the 
staff of the prefecture department of welfare. At the present time there is 
an organization in each of the prefectures of Japan® 
e. Publications? A monthly magazine called Saisei was previously 
published® At present, due to the shortage of paper, it is possible to pub- 
lish only a small monthly paper which provides some information about the 
activities of Saiseikai ?nd new laws end other developments in the field of 
medical care® 
f. National headquarters: 1 Akabene-cho, Shiba, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 
7, Mothers and Children Welfare Society, (Onshi Zaidan Boshi Ai-iku 
Kai) 
a0 Ai-iku Kai, an Imperial Gift Foundation, now called Boshi Ai-iku 
Kai, was founded on 13 March 1934 when the present Emperor made a grant of funds to- c’ommemora te- the birth of 'the Cr.owh Prince, The" purpose of the foun- 
dation is 'to*'promote thewelfare of children and mothers "in Japan. On the 
birthday of the Crown Prince in 19-42; Ai-iku Kai, the Jr pern Society for the 
Protection of Mothers (Nihon Bosei Hogo Kai) and the Japan Patriotic Society 
for Promotion of Children’s Health (Nihon Shoni Kenko Hokoku Kai) were. coni- . - 
biped-to form the present organization (Onshi Zed'df’n Bpshi.Ai-iku Kri), 
b, Membership: A- total of 1.139 villages-, especially selected by 
the prefecture associations and called Ai-iku villages (mure), are members of 
the national association. No membership fees are collected* 
c, Program: The main functions of the association are research, 
providing’information to the public concerning the welfare of mothers and 
children and coordination of the work of the prefecture societies, In the 
national headcharters of the association in Tokyo there is e research institu- 
tion and a bureau of general affairs® In order to carry.out the necessary re- 
search -work the institute is equipped with a pediatric hospital, a pediatric, 
out-patient department, a nursery arid kindergarten and a health consultation 
clinic® The bureau of general affairs of the national office is responsible 
for- the public information program, coordination of the activities of the pre- 
fecture associations and the organization of a group of pedia+ricians and ob- 
stetricians to make special studies concerning maternal and child heal+h pro- 
grams,, In cooperation with xhe association a maternal and child health re- 
search program is being carried out by pix of the medical colleges with high- 
er standards* 
d» Prefecture organization: There is a local society in each pre- 
fecture in Japan, which is usually affiliated with the public health section 
of the prefecture government. Each prefecture association selects two villages 
to conduct specific studies about the- problems of mothers and children. The . 
villages with poor medical'facilities, or With no facilities or with high in- 
fant mortality rates are given special attehtioh by the local societies. In 
these.villages the society assumes responsibility for'educating the women con- 
cerning maternity hygiene and child care. These ?re called Ai-iku villages, 
e, Publications; A magazine call e.d Ai-iku is published monthly 
and sent to each village which is a-member of the association. 
National headquarters: 5-1 Ghome Morioka-Cho, Azabu, Mlneto-ku, 
T okyo e 
S* Salvation Army (Kyusei Gun) 
a » The Salvation Army was in+roducod' in Japan and commenced evange- 
lical and welfare work in 1*95 • The main activity in the field of welfare 
has been programs to rehabilitate prostitutes and to eliminate licensed pros- 
titution. The, first ’’rescue home” in Japan fdr prostitutes was established 
by the Salvation Army, It has exerted a considerable influence in bringing 
about the abolition of'licensed prostitution, 
b, Membershit;: There is no separate membership for the welfare 
program'of the Salvation AnayV- •• • " : • ■ < * ’ ? •' 
c* Program: Although the welfare activities of the Salvation Army ai*e centered in Tokyo, a few institutions ere located in sections of the 
country. The national herdouerters supervises and controls these activities. 
The f01Coring institutions ere maintained by the national headquarters: 
children’s home - 1; homes for working men fnd rep©trietes - 3; day nursery - 
1; hemes for street girls*- 3; homes for girls committed by the Juvenile 
court - 1; home for boy* committed by Juvenile court - 1; sene tor lei - 2, 
t- considerable number of institutions including two general hospitals were 
destroyed during the war. 
d, Prefecture rssociations: There rre no locrl organizations of 
the Salvation Army for welfare purposes other thru the institutions. At pres- 
ent there ere three institutions in Osaka, one in Kure end one in Yokohama, 
e, Publications: A monthly paper, "War Cry" (Tokino Koe) is pub- 
lished by the /rmy» 
f, National Headquarters: 17, 2 Chome, Jirabo Cho, Kanda, Chiyode- 
Ku, Tokyoo 
9* Central Blind Persons relf?re Association (Chuo Mojin Fukushi 
Ky oka i) 
r. As the result of +he request from the people interested in the 
welfare of blind persons in Japan the Central Blind Persons Welfare Associa- 
tion was established. The association aims to coordinate and promote the 
welfare programs intended to prevent blindness; improve the condition of the 
blind; and to conduct research and investigation concerning the blind. It 
is estimated that there are now about 70,000 blind persons in Japan, 
b. Memberships There are seven honorary members, 27 special mem- 
bers and 193 patron members, and AS regular members. Honorary members are 
those have done outstanding work for the association. Special members 
are those who have made special donations. Patron members are chiefly eye 
doctors who pay the annual membership fees. Regular members are the blind 
schools and Institutions in every prefecture of Japan, 
c, Program: The activities of the association include programs for 
the prevention of blindness, welfare work for the blind, coordination of pro- 
grams for the blind, research and. education concerning blindness and the 
blind» The first national conference concerning prevention of blindness end 
welfare work for the blind was sponsored by the association in July 1931# A 
National Eye Protection Day was established and observed on 18 September 
1838 to emphatsize activities concerned with the preservation of eye sight 
and prevention of blindness. The first study of blind persons in Japan was 
undertaken in 1931* A committee was selected to define a "blind person* 
and statistics concerning blind persons were' secured by the Home Ministry up- 
on the reouest of the association. 
The association has been urging the enactment of a la?/ for the protection 
of the blind persons, establishment of compulsory education for blind child- 
ren, study of children with poor eye sight and development of sight saving 
classes, and research concerning welfare services needed for blind persons. 
The association has established the Tokyo Blind Persons Hall (Tokyo Mojin 
Keikan) in commemoration of Miss Helen Keller’s visit to Japan in July 1939, The association has been issuing talking-book machines end' records since. 1933# 
d. Prefecture association: There is an association- in each prefec- 
ture known rs the-Blind Persons Association- (Mojin Fukusbi Kyoks-i) • 
e• Library r nd publications: -The association does not maintain-, a. li- 
brary but a library Is a part of the' Tokyo Blind Persons Hall in Tokyo-* A di- 
rectory of relfrre Pork for Blind Persons in Japan is published annually.. The 
Central Blind Persons relfare Association Magazine is published monthly. The 
publication of a braille magazine was discontinued during the There are 
■ available, publications, books end pamphlets, about-welfare work for blind per- 
sons . • ■ • • . 
f • Na ti one 1 Hee.dr uarters: 170, A C-home Nishi, Okubo, Siinjuku-ku, 
Tokyo. 
10. Keifuku Foundation (Onshi Zeidan KeifukU Kai) 
a. The Keifuku Foundation was created on 11 February 1924- when an Im- 
perial grant was made in commemoration of the' vadding of the present Emperor. 
Subsequently additional funds were donated by the ’general public! The associa- 
tion provides financial assistance to various private social work agencies, but 
does not carry on any welfare programs of its own, ft present the funds of the 
association amount to a little over 3,200,000 yen. 
b. Program: From the time of its establishment until the end of May 
19Z7, a period of 25 years, the association has’granted about 4,750,000 yen 
to fssist 6,690 private social work agencies! At the present time private 
social welfare agencies are confronted wTith financial difficulties, since ccn- 
tributions from the’general public are difficult to obtain, government subsi- 
dies are no longer possible and operational expenses are increasing. The as- 
sociation, therefore, intends to increase- the grants to private agencies by 
securing funds in various ways'. Plans are being made to sponsor benefit per- 
formances and to use the profits for the grants made by the association. • 
The association also provices pensions for soci;1 workers in private welfare 
agencies who are over sixty years of age, have been engaged in social work 
for more than thirty years and have done outstanding work. 
c. The Foundation has mr members, maintains no prefecture socle- ■ 
ties and does not issue any publications. - - 
d , I'ddress: Ministry of Melfahe, 1-2- Chome, Krsumigaseki, Chiyoda- 
Ku, Tokyo. 
11 • Mitsui Foundation (Mitsui. Ho-on- Kai) 
a. The Mitsui Foundation was established in March 1934- by the Mit- 
sui Gomel Kaisha with a grant of thirty million yen. At that time most of 
the towns and villages in Japan were suffering- from- the- economic depression 
and the foundation wa‘s • created to meet some of the current problems. 
b. Program: The object of the Foundation is to give financial aid 
to or participate in such undertakings as may contribute to. the promotion of oocial welfare as well as the cultural advancement of Japan, Programs of the 
Foundation ere of three types: (l) aid and operation of social work acti- 
vities; (2) essi stance of useful scientific research i nd experiments which 
will contribute to the advancement of agriculture, manufacturing and other 
industries; (3) research end studies. From 1934- to 194-7 the Foundation ex- 
pended p total of twenty-one million yen for social welfare end cultural 
projects with about sixty percent of the total going to social welfare acti- 
vities, The Foundation has been particularly interested in aiding social 
welfare projects concerned with tuberculosis and leprosy. Funds have also 
been granted to: (l) aid in the establishment of clinics, (2) purchase of 
radium to treat cancer, (3) child welfare programs, and (4.) fid to welfare 
institutions, 
9 on 
J A P i.. WES E JUNIOR RED C n 0 S S 
ORG in-j'j 1Z AT I ON 
in 
SCHOOLS IN JAPAN 
cl S 
Reviewed ana approved by the Educational 
Division, C. I, & E. Section, ana tiie 
Welfare Division, Public health a Welfare 
Section, General Headquarters, SCaP. INTRODUCTION 
Our Junior heel Cross was founded in 19a<s and is now over twenty 
years old. 
During these years, it has contributed something remarkable 
to the development of school education in general as an auxiliary 
institution carrying cut practically ana substantially what it has 
taught school children, inculcating them, at tne same time, with 
the principles and ideals of humanity, altruism ana international 
good-will ana also promoting health. 
In order to keep step with cne reformation of our educational 
system based upon democracy, the Junior red Cross has also altered 
and improved its structure ana substance in many different ways ac- 
cordingly . 
This brochure, “The manual11, has been published for those who 
have been connected with the Junior Red Cross ana eider members 
of the same, briefly describing such alterations as above mentioned* 
This “Manual11, online such books as have heretofore been 
published, has laid emphasis chiefly upon things practical, not 
up on tho s e theo re t i c ai. 
We have no doubt that those who have talien leadership of 
this institution and been interested in its activities will find a 
definite principle of education in this brochure. 
They must clearly understand that the Junior Red is 
not an institution intended to touch children things theoretical, 
but only to help them put in operation what they learn at school. 
It goes without saying thcit this “Manual11 is simply a short 
account of the Junior Red Cross, not touching upon the details 
of its structure and subject matters. 
So, it is quite natural that there would arise various sub- 
jects questionable on the part of school teachers or leaders of 
the Junior Rea Cross Groups. 
In such cases, they are requested to ask us without reserve 
anything that they do not understand or to study it by themselves 
so that they can carry out.the Junior Red Cross activities suc- 
cessfully. 
Upon publishing this ’’Manual11, wo. cannot but express our 
heartfelt thanks for the invaluable aavicus given us by our Ameri- 
can Junior Rea Cross Aaviser to say nothing of the generosity ana 
kindness shown us so signally by the American.Junior Red Cross as 
to have furnished us with the printing paper more than enough for 
this brochure. 
September, 1947. WHAT IS JUNIOR RED CROSS? 
Junior Rea Cross is the boys and girls membership in a Red 
Cross Society. Japanese Junior Red Cross is a division of the 
Japanese Red Cross and is the Rea Cross in the schools. The 
Junior Red Cross is also a division of the International Red 
Cross organization. ■ 
Junior Rod Cross functions in the school. This means that 
Junior Rea Cross organization and activities are integrated with 
regular classroom work. Junior Red Cross has a definite program 
of activities. They are distinct and separate from adult activi- 
ties; however, there are occasions in which Junior Rea Cross mem- 
bership may work in partnership with adults. 
The success of Junior Red Cross depends upon the combined 
interest and efforts of school authorities and teachers ana the 
Red Cross Chapter. It is essential that the Junior Rea Cross pro- 
gram serve as a contributing factor in vitalizing learning in 
school and in making it function in the daily lives of the chil- 
dren in the home and in the- community. 
Vi/UQ iVLV'V jQi., ikiiijMuEnb Or JUi-jlO.ii nJii.U CitOuS? 
All children of elementary school, lower middle, ana high 
school are for membership. The membership is on the group 
basis. There is no individual membership. Schools join by a 
class group. Therefore, the boys ana girls are eligible for mem- 
bership in the Junior Red Cross from the time that they enter the 
elementary school until they complete the high school. When they 
finish the high school they are no longer eligible for Junior Red 
Cross but are eligible for adult membership in Japanese Red Cross, 
WHAT ARE THE OBJECTIVES OF JUNIOn HEP CROSS? 
The objectives of Junior Red Cross may be defined as follows: 
1. To help the children to learn the full meaning of good 
citizenship. 
To promote health and safety, 
o. To help the child to cultivate the spirit of Service and 
an understanding ana friendship for his community, the nation, 
and the world. 
The objectives of Junior Rea Cross are the same as that of the 
school, the homes, and other youth organizations. The objectives 
may be summed up by saying that the chief purpose of Junior Red 
Cross is to help give the boys and girls an opportunity to learn 
to be good citizens by acting now as good citizens. 
1 WHAT IS THE JUNIOR RED CROSS PLEDGE? 
”1, AS A MEMBER OR THE JAPANESE JUNIOR RED CROSS, WILL THY 
TO KEEP MY BODY AND SPIRIT HEALTHY, AND STRUNG, AND WILL DO MY 
BEST FOR THE BENEFIT OF HUMANITY, IN MY COMMUNITY, THE NATION, 
AND THE WORLD.n 
HOW TO REGISTER JUNIOR RED CROSS IN a SCHOOL 
As soon as a school class with teacher’s approval has decided 
to join Junior Red Cross it must be registered at the Chapter 
Headquarters of-Ihe Japanese Red Cross and the Chapters must re- 
gister it at National Headquarters. 
Forms and badges and information about registration may be 
secured from the Chapter Junior Red Cross leaders. 
The annual.registration fee shall be five yen per member. 
For example, in a class of 40 pupils, the membership fee lor en- 
tire class group .will be COO yen. This fee is sent to Chapter 
Headquarters with the proper forms 1illed in with requested infor- 
mation and the Chapter forwards the entire amount of the member- 
ship fee to National Headquarters. v: 
It must be noted that the fee in question must be money 
earned by the members themselves in some way or the other. When 
members of tne group or sub-group- wish to- earn money there are 
two ways: one is to work en masse as a group after planning has 
been none under the leadership of the teacher; and tne other is 
to,earn money individually. Unacr the present circumstances the 
teacher should consult parents and explain to them the purpose 
for which children wish to earn the money. 
There will be many persons who will not favor the new system 
of the registration fee;,but it should be considered from the edu- 
cational point of view, that is, how this plan will teach the boys 
and girls to be good citizens of flew Japan. This may be one way 
to impress boys -and .girls of their sense of auty to themselves 
and, to the welfare of.others. To maintain an organization there 
must be sufficient financial support. 
The senior membership of Japanese Red Cross wifi have the 
responsibility for financing the administration of the Junior Red 
Cross, but boys and girls will be responsible for financing their 
projects. Through this plan adults will assume their appropriate 
responsibility in giving .youth opportunities to grow ana develop 
in social attitudes. At the same time boys ana girls will de- 
velop the attituae of beginning projects and seeing them through 
to the end. .They will understand and feel the responsibility of 
the total job. ■ 
V>. WHY IS THERm A JUNIOR HEP CROSS MEMBERbHIP FEE? 
Vvhen boys and girls join a National and an international or- 
ganization, they are given certain privileges which do not come 
without responsibilities, both financially and morally, hoys and 
girls who join Junior Red Cross pledge themselves to help others 
and to make their country a better place in which to live. They 
cannot use a national organization1s opportunities and its channels 
without realizing that it cost something to maintain the organiza- 
tion which will bring them the opportunities for serving nationally 
and internationally, Xu Junior Red Cross boys and girls have the 
privilege of joining Hands with children in 64 nations of the world 
for the purpose of promoting health and safety programs, serving 
children less fortunate than they, and learning about children in 
other countries ana how to make friends with them. (bee nwhat 
Junior Red Cross Members Do” - how learning can be projected into 
active participation - p. a). Every member of a-democratic organi- 
zation should learn about the privileges it offers, understand how 
it operates, ana realize how his membership can-make, it a stronger 
and better organization for the welfare of all the- people. 
Thus a membership fee teaches boys and girls-that privileges 
do not come without cost. It teaches them money, values. It gives 
them .an opportunity to perform in an organization in.a manner in 
which he will perform as an audit. 
HGW MAY THE MEMBERSHIP FEE BE EARNER? 
When boys and girls begin planning ways;to earn their member- 
ship fee, they should study their community and find, the ways 
which are within their abilities and which give them the satisfac- 
tion of learning ..and being helpful at the same"' time they are 
earning. The following suggestions may guide the teacher and pu- 
pils in making plans to earn the membership fee: 
1. Make craft work from native materials to sell. This 
may be a pad on which to set hot dishes or it may be a 
aish lifter which protects the hands from being burned. 
It may be candle sticks made out of cans, lanterns, 
broken needle cases made out of match boxes, small toys, 
dolls, and other articles■which are easy for children to 
make and which will ■have .sales value. 
In making these' items teachers and children may wish to 
•visit a nearby factory to learn all .they can about' their 
community industries. This will make an interesting les- 
son in school classes. 
6. Repair bi cycl e s. 
o. Deliver newspapers# 
help gather vegetables. 5. Weed vegetable or flower gardens. 
6. Sell fish. 
HOW WILL THE MEMBERSHIP FEE BE SPENT? 
All membership fees will be used to publish a Junior lied Cross 
magazine when National Headquarters has the facilities for publish- 
ing it. The magazine will be an organ through which Junior Red 
Cross members may speak and learn more about their organization 
and which teachers may use as excellent reference material in 
their classroom work. 
The magazine will not be a subscription magazine. It will 
be distributed to all membership groups on basis of one to a class- 
room registration. It will not be distributed to non-members. 
HOW LONG DOES A MEMBERSHIP IN JUNIOR RED CROSS LAST? 
A Junior Membership registration campaign shall be held every 
year in April. Tnis may mean that a class group has-registered 
as members of Junior Red Cross this year, but they may elect not 
to register as members the next year; however, if they wish to con- 
tinue as members they must register again and receive new badges. 
WHAT DO JUNIOR RED CROSS MEMBERS DO? 
A. First Step. 
After the teacher'and pupils have discussed the Junior Red 
Cross and have decided to become members, they learn about the 
pledge which each member takes when the class group registers. 
Each class member is officially recognized as a member of Junior 
Red Cross when the pledge is taken aiad when, he writes his name on 
the membership certificate which may be placed in a prominent 
place on the wall in the classroom. Now the member is ready to 
wear the Junior Red Cross badge. The emblem of Red Cross is as- 
sured by the Red Cross International Convention and its abuses 
are forbidden. When a member of the Junior Red Cross wears this 
emblem, he must not treat it as a simple badge but keep in- his 
mind that this emblem is a symbol of human!tarionism not only 
internationally, but also in every community in the country. 
B. Second Step 
Junior Red Cross members arouna the world pledge themselves 
to Service. They learn to -'keep ■ healthy and strong so that they 
may serve their community, tneir nation and. the world. The services 
that Junior Red Cross members'‘may do. are as follows:' v- 1. Community Service. 
a. Sena flowers to sick patients in the hospital. 
b. Study in the social studies classes ways they may serve 
at home, in the school, and in the community. Then 
make plans to put into action the ways which they have 
found to serve. 
c. Plan campaign - ’’Keep Public Places Clean and Attrac- 
tive. ” 
(1) In Social Studies class stuay the condition of 
the public places in the. village* What- is a 
public place? Vi/hy are they dirty? Are they un- 
attractive? If so, why? What can we Junior Ked 
Cross members ao to improve the situation? 
(*0 In language classes boys and girls may prepare 
speeches which they may give to public group 
meetings. These speeches should contain in- 
formation which they have learned in Social 
Studies class about Public Places in their vil- 
Ju f~' i e., 
(o) Posters may be made in their classroom work to 
be posted in appropriate places in the city to 
remind people to do tnobo tilings which will 
make the public places clean and attractive. 
' (4) Letters may be written in language classes to - 
the parents and to the leaders of all organiza- 
tions and to the business men of the community 
explaining the campaign and asking them to sup- 
port and cooperate with the movement. Specific 
suggestions may be made in the letter as to how 
they can cooperate. /■ ' 
(5) Plan a School Assembly Program stressing im- 
•portance of campaign* • 
(6) School groups may personally-- interview village 
government officials and work out plans with them 
to'keep public places clean and attractive. 
(Junior hed Cross members should not feel res- 
ponsibility of doing the labor for Keeping 
public places clean. Their duty should be to 
help educate people of community to respect' 
, , public places ana to form habits which will take 
better care of them.) d. Each Junior Red Cross group shoula practice the 
simple rules of personal hygiene; 
(1) Get plenty.of outdoor exercise and sunshine. 
(Cj Keep boay clean by .taking a bath or washing every 
day. , ... 
(o) bleep at least ten hours every night. 
(a) Eat balanced meals. Eat fruit ana vegetables 
with fish and rice and other main dished. 
(b) Chew food well so that it .will be easily algested. 
(§) Use good manners .when eating. 
e. Grow vegetable gardens at home and at school. 
i. Help in the hot lunch program in the schools. Pro- 
mote the proper iaeas for balanced meal. Encourage 
all boys and girls to eat properly, 
g. Promote safety programs. Plan a. safety campaign. 
Learn safety rules for crossing streets, walking down 
the road, riaing.bicycles, building fires, throwing 
away.rubbish, ana other hazards which, cause accidents. 
■ 
2. National Service 
Junior Red Cross members should be interested in the 
welfare of Hew Japan. They shoula always be. ready to 
give a helping hand and to learn more about their respon- 
sibility to the community. They are citizens today learn- 
' ing how to be better citizens tomorrow. They may engage 
in following National Junior Red Cross activities. 
a. Inter-Country School Correspondence. (See SThow to 
prepare a School Album for Exchange with another 
School'" which can be secured from your Chapter Jun- 
ior .Red Cross leaders.) 
b. Serve Red Cross hospital. 
Make vases. 
(<;) Make toys for children patients. 
(5) Prepare poem sheets for patients to r.eaa ana. en- 
joy, 
.-'Tff'; '**cvjqot rOX.LC -'boil ; Tjr 
(.1) Make posters and wall hangings and decorations 
which both children and adults.will enjoy. 
..... 
(5) Make games which patients can enjoy. 
(6) Malta picture books for chila patients. 5. World Service 
Junior Red Cross members should become enlightened about 
the world. The realisation of a peaceful world depends 
upon how much we Know and understand about other people. 
The only activity that Japanese Junior Red Cross' can of- 
fer in this Service is the School correspondence Album 
Exchange. Contact your Chapter Junior Red Cross leader 
for the bulletin which explains,how to prepare the album 
for exchange with a school group in' another country.■ 
riQw IS JUNIOR HiiD ChUSS Ifl r SCHOOL? 
A. First Step 
After all pupils in one ci .ss room have been registered 
and a pledge has been made by each member, then a sub-corps may 
be organized ana be officially recognized. 
The next thing to be done by the* sub-corps is to create an or- 
ganization by electing officers. There, should be a Chairman who 
represents the sub-corps and presides over its meetings. A Vice- 
Chairman and a Secretary should be elects,a, too. 
A teacher in charge of the class room shall guide the sub- 
corps and its members in their activities' ana shall take responsi- 
bility for keeping the group1 s activities consistent with the edu- 
cational objectives. He should, insofar as possible, use the acti- 
vities, includixig the organization activity, as a teaching tool. 
The activities ..should provide opportunities for children to prac- 
tice what they are being, taught. 
(Certain parliamentary rules should be followed in setting up 
an organization and electing officers. The Junior Rea Cross should 
follow that procedure which is recommended by the Ministry of Educa- 
tion.) 
B. Second Step 
On organization ol over two sub-corps in a school, a Junior Red 
Cross Corps for the entire registered membership may be organized. 
This may be done so that each sub-corps may coordinate its activi- 
ties with the,other sub-corps of the school. 
To organize the School Junior Bed Cross several representa- 
tives from each sub-corps should be named by each group to repre- 
sent them in the School Corps. The number of representatives cho- 
sen from each sub-corps may , depend upon the. size of che school or 
the number of registered groups. There should be a small group 
represented on this Corps because too large a group manes it more 
difficult to do good planning. After representatives from each 
sub-corps have been named, they should meet and elect their offi- 
cers, chairman, vice-chairman and secretary. The school principal 
should name one of the tea'chers as teacher-glide for the School 
Corps. -. _ . .. ..... The responsibility of the School Junior Red Cross Corps is 
to plan activities for the Junior Red Cross. They are a planning 
group and they provide opportunities for entire Junior Red Cross 
membership to participate in service projects. After the Corps 
makes plans each representative returns to respective sub-corps 
group and informs the membership about the plans. The sub-corps 
membership has the privilege of deciding how much of the plan or 
plans they wish to undertake. 
The Corps and sub-corps may appoint as many committees as the 
circumstances may demand. For example, a health committee and a 
publicity committee may be essential to the success of the program. 
If so, they should be appointed. 
It is important to remember that this is a youth organization 
and the boys and girls should have the privilege of being the of- 
ficers ana leaders. These boy and girl officers and leaders should 
alternate. This organization helps to develop leaders ana teachers 
should make arrangements that as many boys and girls as possible 
during a yearls time should have an opportunity to serve as leaders. 
Teachers and school authorities serve as guides. They should stay 
in the background except when circumstances demand positive action 
on their part. 
WHAT SHALL B£ THE JiAidB OF THE JUHIOH KM CROSS COKPS AjJD SUB-COHPS? 
Any corps when organized and officially recognized shall have 
the same name of the school in which it was formed. For instance, 
the Junior Red Cross Corps consisting of the pupils in Akasaka Pri- 
mary School shall be called Akasaka Primary Junior Aed 
the lower middle school shall be called the Akasaka Lower middle 
School Junior Red Cross Corps, and the higher middle school shall 
be called the Akasaka Higher Middle School Junior Red Cross Corps. 
The sub-corps shall be designated by a number such as First 
Sub-Corps of Akasaka Primary Junior Red Cross Corps. 
HOW IS JUNIOR RED CROSS RELaTFD TO THF SCHOOL CUxxRICULUk? 
The Junior. Rea Cross program calls for a variety of activities 
which, if properly used, should vitalize knowledge and skills and 
help develop character, health, ana citizenship. Properly integra- 
ted, therefore, with the school curriculum, these activities should 
supplement the efforts of the government to achieve its educational 
objectives as set forth in the Constitution of Japan. 
In order to realize these objectives to,, the fullest extent, it 
is important to keep in mind that the pupils will grow and develop 
in proportion to their participation in the projects that are sug- 
gested. For this reason those-in position of leadership in Junior 
Rea Cross work should keep the following' questions always in mind: 1. In what home and community activities may Junior n©d 
Cross members properly engage which will help develop 
in them better unaerstanding and a more responsible'at- 
titude toward home ana community needs? 
£. Hove may the. production of -articles ana the promotion of 
services for children’s institutions, Hed Cross hospi- 
tals, and similar institutions lead the pupils to great- 
er interest in productive work and to .a growing realiza- 
tion of the value of.their contribution toward the wel- 
fare of others less, fortunate than they? 
b. How can participation in the International School Cor- 
respondence lead to. a better understanding, of other 
people and to an increase of friendliness from which a 
better international relationship'may eventually develop? 
4. How may one develop in the pupils a sense of responsi- 
bility in membership in the Junior Hed-Cross, and cor- 
respondingly in their homes and.community? 
6. How may the Junior Rea Cross program ada interest and 
meaning to school work ana help promote greater and more 
enduring satisfaction, broader understanding, and deeper 
sympathies in .the members? 
The Junior Red Cross projects shoula be suitable to the pupils 
of every class and subject. Any one class shoalu,. however, engage 
in those activities which are most suitable to the skill, interest, 
welfare and understanding of the pupils, and which will', contribute 
most to their social growth and development. 
Each school should be well informed at the beginning of each 
school year as to all program possibilities - local,: national and 
international. The school is then free to choose those activi- 
ties which have the greatest possible educational usefulness to its 
pupils. The school may initiate activities which are both good 
Junior Red Cross ana gooa education. The chapter Junior Red Cross 
program is the sum of all Junior Red Cross activities in all the 
schools. 
9 15 April 1948 
TO: All Chapter Directors 
FROM: President 
SUBJECT: Alteration of Junior Red Cross Group System. 
The alteration of the Junior Red Cross Group system, 
of which you are already informed, shall be started from May, 
1948, according to the following program. Ecu are requested to 
make every possible effort for the permeation of the object of 
tne new system among the existing groups so as to attain the 
purpose of the alteration. PROGRAM OF THE ALTERATION 
OF THE JUNIOR RED CROSS GROUP SYSTEM 
1. Time of transition to the New System. 
a. Period of Preparation. 
From April to June 1943. During this period. Group mem- 
bers shall discuss the advisability of new Group and 
carry on campaign to obtain enrollment fee. 
b. Period of Enrollment. 
May and June 1948. During these two months, necessary 
procedure for enrollment shall be taken ana Enrollment 
Ceremony shall be performed. 
c. Period of Delay. 
Those Groups which cannot be altered to the new system 
during the above-mentioned .period shall be permitted to 
exist as it is until the end of 1948 and thereafter shall 
be dissolved automatically. Now Groups shall be enrolled 
even after Juno. 
When money for membership fee is received at National 
Headquarters two months prior go closing of present school 
year, the fee will be accredited to the respective school*s 
membership for the following school year. 
2, Enrollment Procedure in the Hew System. 
a. Receipt of Application. 
When a Chapter receives from a Group application forms 
for enrollment, it shall keep one and send the other to 
the National Headquarters with enrollment fee. 
b. Transmittal of Enrollment Foe. 
When Enrollment Fees are transmitted to the National Head- 
quarters, a statement mentioning the name of Group and 
the number of its members shall be attached thereto. 
c. Dispatch of Badge and Enrollment Certificate. 
The National Headquarters, in exchange for enrollment fee, 
shall deliver Membership Badges and Enrollment Certifi- 
cates to the Chapter which shall transmit them to each 
Group. In the year 1948, as the pre-estimate of the num- 
ber of enrollment is impossible, the delivery shall be 
done in the above-mentioned method, but in the following 
years, the National Headquarters shall send beforehand a  
certain number of Badges and Certificates to Chapters to 
the effect that they shall be delivered simultaneously 
with the receipt of applications. 
b. Abolition of Old Regulations 
The Regulations governing the Japanese Junior Red Cposs, the 
Regulations of Group belonging to the J.J.R.C., Rules for En- 
rollment of the J.J.R.C. Group which were hitherto effective 
shall be abolished. 
Hereafter, Groups shall not frame their own regulations, and 
shall be estab!ishea ana managed in accordance with the rules 
prescribed in the "Handbook." There shall not be any Associ- 
ation of Groups, 
4. Notice of Alteration to the Groups. 
To notify the existing groups under your jurisdiction of the 
alteration to the new system, you shall send to them Advice 
Note (Attachment l), Essentials of the Alteration to the New 
System of the Japanese Junior Red Cross Groups (Attachment II) 
and Application Form for Enrollment (Attachment III), which 
shall be prepared in your Chapter, together with the "Junior 
Red Cross Handbook." Other papers deemea necessary shall be 
added. Each Group shall receive two Application Forms. 
5. Policy of Permeation of the New System. 
From the view-point of their nature, the new Groups should 
not be enrolled in great number from the beginning. Their 
establishment should be encouraged but not in a hurry; new 
Groups should be established on the own initiative of boys 
and girls with teacher guidance. o 
Attachment 1. 
TO: All Chairmen of the Japanese Junior Red Cposs Group, 
FROM: Chapter Director. 
SUBJECT; Alteration of the Japanese Junior Red °ross Group System. 
in compliance with the line of educational reform of the country 
and through the assistance of the Education Section, GHQ, SCAP, 
the Japanese Red Cross Society has determined to alter the Junior 
Red Cross Group System according to the nJunior Red hand- 
book” enclosed herewith, starting from coming June. 
The new system shall require, on the part of leaders, much trouble 
but it is our sincere desire that you should make every possible 
effort with the thorough understanding of the object of the altera- 
tion. 
As your preparations for the establishment of new Groups goes on, 
many questions shall be raised, and as we are willing to answer 
any of them, they should be advanced to os without restraint. It 
is hoped that the alteration should, be carried out with your un- 
derstanding of its object and, needless to say, on the own initi- 
ative of the members; therefore, one or more classes in a school 
may be organized as a new Group. Attachment II. 
Essentials of the Alteration to the hew System 
of the Japanese Junior Red Cp0ss Group 
1. Time of Transition to the Jew System. 
(Contents are same with the previous "Program of the Altera- 
tion” addressed to Chapter Directors from the President.) 
H. Enrollment Procedure in the New System. 
a. Enrollment Procedure. 
When the estallishment of a Group is fixed in accordance 
with the principles in the "Handbook”* two Application 
Forms shall be filled up and submitted to the Local Chap- 
ter toget her with the Enrollment fee. 
b. Delivery of Badges and Signature-list. 
At the receipt of Application Forms* the Chapter shall 
deliver to the Group Membership Badges* Signature-List 
(See "Handbook”) and Enrollment Certificates. The Group* 
then* shall hold the Enrollment Ceremony. 
3. Abolition of the "Regulations of Group belonging to the Japan- 
ese Junior Red Cross". 
"The Regulations of Group” shall be abolished and* hereafter* 
such regulations shall not be established: the Gr0up shall 
be organized and managed only in accordance with the princi- 
ples in the "Handbook.” TO: All Chapters 
£Q April 48 
FROM: Mr. Tadatsugu Shimadzu, President, Japanese Red Cross 
8UBJECT: Introduction to Handbook on Volunteer Services 
A.11 chapters have received information relative to the organiza- 
tion of the Japanese Red Cross Volunteer Service Program. The new 
plan for this program was introduced, in summary form, to the chap- 
ter directors in a meeting at Headquarters on February 19<±8, 
At this time the chapter directors were instructed to disregard the 
instructions which were issued in September, 1947, regarding the 
formation of Volunteer Service Groups. 
The first part of this handbook will bo devoted to explanation and 
instructions concerning the organization of the new plan for the 
Volunteer Service program. Due to the newness of this service in 
our organization, it will be important for the chapters and Head- 
quarters to work in close coordination during the development and 
growth of Volunteer Services. 
Every chapter has completed the questionnaire survey relating to 
the needs of the prefectural community, and from a study of the sur- 
vey, plans are being made by National Headquarters staff, and the 
Headquarters Volunteer Service Committee for projects to be under- 
taken. The Headquarters officials are also using the survey findings 
to determine the areas of service in which .ued Cross volunteers can 
be most effective. 
In order for you to be informed of all of the organization, and as 
a means of keeping you informed regularly of current developments, 
you will receive from the Headquarters Volunteer Service Section 
information Letters11 numbered consecutively, which will compose 
your Volunteer Services Handbook, You are requested to keep these 
letters in a special file to be used for guidance and reference. 
This series of letters will be referred to as the Volunteer Services 
Handbook. 
Attached is the first Information Letter which will give you a de- 
tailed explanation of the administrative organization, and a chart 
outlining the organization of Volunteer Services. The additional 
letters will pertain to the basic and fundamental principles of a 
Volunteer Service and specific instructions regarding further de- 
velopment of the Volunteer Service program. 
Also attached is an index of the letters, and as you receive addi- 
tional letters, these should be added by name and number to the in- 
dex. 
We want you to know that your National Headquarters is anxious to 
give you all assistance possible and we are also depending upon you, 
in the chapters, to help us, not only by organizing your own Volun- 
teer Workers, but in bringing to us suggestions and new ideas that 
will help us in making the Japanese Red Cross an agency to serve the 
people of Japan. VOLUNTEER SERVICE INFORMATION LETTER NO, I 
TO: All Chaptera 
FROM: Mr. Tsdatsugu Shlmadzu, President, Japanese Red Cross 
SUBJECT: GENERAL PLAN OF JAPANESE RED CROSS VOLUNTEER SERVICES 
Introduction 
In order to include in the handbook, information on the organiza- 
tion of the Volunteer Service program, we will re-state, in detail, 
the information given to all chapter directors on February RE, 1948, 
at National Headquarters, It is to be noted that the information 
presented here is more specific and an attempt has been made to 
adapt the general plan so that it can be applied to all local situ- 
ations. From time to time there may be changes in these instruc- 
tions as the program develops, and every effort will be made to keep 
you informed regarding the reasons and necessity for such changes. 
We are anxious to Keep the regulations and plans for Volunteer Ser- 
vices as simple as possible to allow the program to meet the variety 
of needs which may become the responsibility of the Japanese Red 
Cross. 
Even though there must be some organization for the administration 
of the Volunteer Services program, you must always remember that 
this service is an integral part of the Japanese Red Cross. The 
Volunteer Services, as such, have no power to formulate policies 
and regulations independent of Chapters and Headquarters. The Vol- 
unteer Service program must be considered only as another part of 
the entire Japanese Red Cross organization. This program is simi- 
lar in organization to those of Junior Red Cross, Home Nursing, 
Disaster Relief, Medical Service and First Aid & Water Safety, and 
any other additional service established by the Red to meet 
community needs. Only through the constant cooperation of our 
volunteer workers and the continuous coordination of our service 
programs will we be successful in fulfilling our basic obligation 
of nserving for the common good of all”. 
I. PURPOSE 
The purpose of the Volunteer Services program is to maintain in 
every Red Cross Chapter, its branches and sub-branches, volunteers 
who are trained for prumpt and efficient service in activities for 
the promotion of the public -health and welfare of the community. 
The Volunteer Services Section will be responsible for planning 
special Volunteer projects and for recruiting, training, assigning 
and supervising Volunteer workers. 2 
II. MEMBERSHIP 
Membership in the Heel Cross Volunteer Services will be opened to 
nil adult Japanese citizens. (Boys and girls in elementary, lower 
miadle or high school participate in Red Cross membership in their 
respective schools through Junior Red Red Cross.) There will be no 
special or additional fee for membership in Red Cross Volunteer 
Service program. 
III. ORGANIZATION AT NATIONAL HEADQUARTERS 
There will be a Division Chief of Volunteer Services and a Section 
Head who will be responsible for the National administration of 
this program. Both of these persons will be paid employees of the 
National staff. As the program develops, there may be three branch 
heads, with one designated as head of Men*s Branch, one head of 
Women1s Branch and one head of University Branch. These three will 
also be paid staff members and have administrative duties as deter- 
mined by the Division Chief. 
Since the Japanese Red Cross expects the Volunteer Service program 
to draw its real strength from the people of Japan, who will con- 
tribute voluntary service, it is most important that the people of 
Japan have a representation at every administrative level in the 
form of Volunteer Advisory Committees. A Volunteer Services Na- 
tional Chairman will be appointed by the President of the Japanese 
Red Cross, and confirmed by the Board of Directors. This National 
Volunteer Service Chairman, and the President of the Japanese Red 
Cross, will select three Vice-Chairman to assist. Eventually, 
when three branches are established, the Men’s, Women’s and Univer- 
sity, one Vice-Chairman may be assigned to each of these. The ap- 
pointment of these three Vice-Chairmen will also be confirmed by 
the Board of Directors. The President of the Society, on the ad- 
vice of the Ration j. Volunteer Service Chairman and the three Vice- 
Chairmen, the Vice-Presiuents, the Division and Section heads, will 
appoint a National Advisory Committee for Volunteer Services whose 
membership will be drawn from every prefecture in Japan with each 
Volunteer Chairman of the prefectural Volunteer Service Committee 
serving on the National Committee and also an additional number of 
persons from the six regions and the area near National Headquarters. 
The final size of this committee will he announced at a later date, 
but the membership will include at least 58 members, providing for 
one member from each prefecture and 12 members from various sec- 
tions of Japan and the area near Headquarters* (it may be neces- 
sary to begin the committee with a small group acting as a nucleus, 
since early planning will necessitate frequent meetings and travel 
from long distances would be too difficult for members to come in 
frequently. It is anticipated that a small Volunteer Service Execu- 
tive Committee will bo established with its membership drawn from 
the National Volunteer Service Committee, and the National Commit- 
tee would be kept informed by minutes of the Executive Committee 
meetings. At least once a year there should bo a meeting of the 
National Committee* All policies and plans relating to the Volunteer Services program 
brought to the attention of the National Committee. The 
President and Vice-President of the Japanese Red Qross, as well as 
the Division and Section heads will be considered ex-officio mem- 
bers of^the National Advisory Committee. The Section Head and his 
staff will be responsible for the administration of the programs 
planned and developed with the advice and consultation of the com- 
mittee. 
A. DUTIES OF THE NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE FOR VOLUNTEER SERVICES 
1. To survey needs for Volunteer projects. 
2. To make recommendations regarding these specific fields in 
which Volunteer projects will operate. 
3. To assist and advise in securing clearance* at Headquarters 
level, with government agencies and other organizations when 
Volunteer programs of the Japanese Red Cross supplement an 
already established institution, agency or operation. 
4. To assist and advise in outlining plans for chapters to use 
in developing projects and recruiting, training, assigning 
and supervising Volunteer workers. 
5. To study Chapter reports on current and potential Volunteer 
projects and to make recommendations regarding same. 
6. To advise concerning the establishment of plans for Chap- 
ters to report statistics, such as number of projects, num- 
ber of Volunteers, number of hours of service, etc. 
7. To recommend a system of awards for Volunteer Service. 
8. To recommend regulations for wearing of Volunteer uniforms, 
pins, badges, etc. 
9. To assist in compiling material and subject matter to be 
used in the handbook as the Volunteer Service program de- 
velops. 
10. To assist in planning and to participate in Volunteer Ser- 
vice training courses. 
11. To study, devise and recommend publicity programs and to 
participate in same. (This responsibility would be coor- 
dinated with the Japanese Red Cross Publicity Section.) 
12. To establish time of meetings ana to define length of mem- 
bership on the National Committee, as well as determining 
means of obtaining replacement memberships for committee 
members. IV. ORGANIZATION AT PREFECTIJRAL CHAPTER LEVEL 
A• C4^-A-' cgr HociCiyut-v-i" &Vs 
1• Paid Volunteer Service Worker. 
The Chapter President with, the advice of the Chapter Di- 
rector will appoint a paid chapter worker who will he re- 
sponsible for Volunteer Services. (Many chapters already 
have such a person designated.) 
2. Volunteer Chairman of Prefectural Volunteer Service Ad- 
vis o ry C ommi 11 e e. 
The Chapter President* with the advice of the Chapter Di- 
rector and paid chapter worker will then appoint a prefec- 
tural chapter Volunteer Service Chairman* whose appointment 
will be confirmed by the chapter Board of Councilors. This 
Chairman will serve as the head of the prefectural chapter 
committee. 
5. Prefectural Chapter Volunteer Service Committee. 
The membership of this committee will be drawn from every 
branch in the prefecture and the Branch Heads will be re- 
quested by the Chapter Director to appoint a community 
loader to represent the branch on the prefectural chapter 
committee. This same person will also act as chairman of 
the branch committee. Therefore* the membership of the com- 
mittee would be determined by the number of branches within 
the chapter jurisdiction. 
V. ORGANIZATION AT BRANCH AND SUB-BRANCH LEVELS 
(Explanation: Due to the different types of branches which exist* 
it will be necessary to discuss separately the organization within 
each type as follows: (A.) Local office branches. (B.) City 
branches. (C.) City branch headquarters in five large cities. 
(D.) Branches in Tokyo-To Area, 
A. Local Office Branches 
1• Branch Volunteer Service Chairman. 
As indicated above* the Branch Head will appoint a person to 
serve on the prefectural committee and by reason of this ap- 
pointment* the same person will serve as Branch Chairman. 
2. Volunteer Service Branch Committee Membership. 
The Branch Committee membership will be drawn from the Sub- 
Branch areas and the Sub-Branch Head will be requested by 
the Branch Head to appoint a leader to represent the Sub- 
Branch on the Branch Committee. This same person will also 
act as Chairman of the Sub-Branch Committee. 3. Sub-Branch Volunteer Service Committee Chairman. 
As indicated immediately above, the Sub-Branch Committee 
Chairman.will, by reason of his position on the Branch Com- 
mittee, act as Chairman of the Sub-Branch Committee. 
4. Sub-Branch Volunteer Service Committee Membership. 
The Sub-Branch Committee membership will be drawn from rep- 
resentative citizens in the various sections of the Sub- 
Branch area and these persons will serve in their immediate 
neighborhoods and communities as Red Cross Volunteer Service 
Representatives. 
5. Volunteer Service Representatives. 
The Red Cross Volunteer Service representatives will be 
selected by the Sub-Branch Chairman and will have the res- 
ponsibility for the operation of V0iuriteer Service projects 
within their immediate neighborhood or community. The 
Volunteer Service. Representative shall appoint a person to 
take charge of each Volunteer Service project and these per- 
sons will be referred to as Volunteer Service Unit headers. 
The Volunteer Service Unit Leaders will have very important 
positions as the development and actual operation of Volun- 
teer projects will depend on these persons. 
B. City Branches 
Cities designated as branches do not have Sub-Branch divisions. 
In such cities Cho Sub-Committees will be useu. When a city is 
designated as a Branch, its Branch Committee will draw its mem- 
bership from every Cho in the city area. The Branch Head will 
appoint a volunteer leader to represent each Cho area on the 
Branch Committee. This same person will act as Chairman of the 
Cho Sub-Committee. The Cho Sub-Committee will draw its member- 
ship from various sections of the Cho area and these persons, 
who will be known as Red Cross Vol untoer Service Representa- 
tives, will be responsible for projects within their particular 
section and they will appoint within the section Volunteer Ser- 
vice Unit Leaders to bo in charge of projects. Let us emphasize 
again the importance of the Volunteer Service Unit Leaders as 
the development and actual operation of projects will depend on 
these persons. 
C, City Branch Headquarters in t'ive Larf,q Cities• 
The five large cities are Kyoto, Osaka, Nagoya, Yokohama and 
Kobe. These five cities have a Branch Beadquarters and Branch 
Offices in all Wards. (Kyoto City has not yet established a 
Branch Headquarters, but this will be done as soon as possible.) 
The Branch Headquarters1 Committee will draw its membership 
from each of the Branch Office areas. The person serving from 
the Branch Office area on the Branch Headquarters* Committee 
will act as Chairman of the Branch Office Committee. The Branch 
Office Committee will draw its membership from every Cho within 6 
its area and the Cho representative on this committee will act 
as the Chairman of the Cho Sub-Committee. The Cho Sub-Committee 
will draw its members from the various sections of the Cho area 
and these persons, who will be known as Red Cross Volunteer 
Service Representatives, will be responsible for projects with- 
in their particular section and will appoint Unit Readers to 
be in charge of each project. The importance of the Unit Lead- 
ers must be emphasized constantly for these persons have great 
responsibility in developing and supervising the projects. 
D. Branches in the Tokyo-To Area. 
Due to the unique governmental organization of the Tokyo-To 
area, a combination of the above plans will be used. The 
Chapter Volunteer Service Committee will draw its membership 
from every branch in the area. The Branch Heads will be re- 
quested to appoint a Volunteer Service Chairman who will serve 
as a member of the Chapter Committee and as the chairman of the 
Branch Volunteer Service Committee. In the Tokyo-To Area there 
will be three types of branches: Local Office Branches, City 
Branches and Ward Branches. Volunteer Service Committees with- 
in these branch areas will bo developed according to the afore- 
mentioned plans. 
E. Summation. 
(See attached V.S. Chart #1 entitled National Organization Chart 
for Administration of Japanese Red Cross Services (including Re- 
tails of Volunteer Service Organization)n. The aforementioned 
explanation relates directly to this chart. Other services in 
which there is volunteer participation are also shown and in 
the development of those services the same general administra- 
tive plan will be followed at the various levels. However, 
each service will make necessary adaptation in accordance with 
the needs of the particular programs.) 
It must be kept in mind that tills administrative and organiza- 
tional plan lias been drawn up with the long-time objectives of 
Volunteer Service organization in mind and-that the full plan 
may not be possible of realization for some time. It is ex- 
pected that the plan will bo administered in such a manner as 
to allow committees of various Branches, Sub-Branches, and Chos 
to cooperate in carrying out joint projects as there will not 
be a need for projects in :every section of a Sub-Branch or Cho 
area. However, this plan has been set up to cover every com- 
munity in Japan where there is a need for Red Cross Volunteer 
workers. 
VI. DUTIES OF VOLUNTEER SERVICE COMMITTEES. 
IIL-THE PREFECTURAL CHAPTER ORGANIZATION 
A. Volunteer Service Prefectural Chapter Committee. 
1. To survey needs for Volunteer projects in the prefecture. 2* To make recommendations regarding areas in which projects 
of Volunteers will be most effective in the prefecture. 
(This will be in accordance v/ith decisions ana recommenda- 
tions from National Headquarters.) 
b. To assist and advise in securing clearance, at prefectural 
level, with government agencies ana other organizations 
when Volunteer programs of the Japanese Bed Cross supple- 
ment an already established institution, agency or operation. 
4. To assist and advise in outlining plans for the Chapter, 
Branches and Sub-Branches. (Tills will be the local and spe- 
cific application of plans recommended by National Head- 
quarters.) 
5. To study Chapter reports on current and potential Volun- 
teer projects ana to make recommendations regarding same. 
6. To advise concerning the establishment of plans for Branches 
and Sub-Branches to report statistics, such as number of 
projects, number of Volunteers, number of hours of service, 
etc. 
7. To recommend, in detail, a specific system of awards for 
Volunteer Service in relation to general recommendations 
from National Headquarters, and to plan presentation cere- 
monies, etc. 
8. To recommend regulations concerning wearing of Volunteer 
uniforms, pins, badges, etc. in accordance with general re- 
commendations from National Headquarters. 
* ' 
9. To recommend and confer with Section Head (Through uhapter 
Director) at National Headquarters concerning changes in 
policy, new developments, and to be continuously aware of 
the necessity of contacting National Headquarters when 
their help is needed. 
10. To assist in planning and to participate in Volunteer Ser- 
vice training courses, both on the Chapter level and con- 
tinuing with this responsibility at the Branch level. 
11. To study, devise and recommend publicity programs and to 
participate in same in accordance with recommendations 
from National Headquarters and in coordination v/ith the 
Chapter publicity head, 
•3t • 
12. To establish time of meetings and to define length of 
membership on the Chapter, Branch, Sub-Branch and Sub- 
committees, as well as determining moans of obtaining re- 
placement memberships for committee members. 8 
B. Volunteer Service Branch Committee. 
It has been clearly stated previously that the Volunteer Ser- 
vice Committee Branch Chairman is also a member of the prefec- 
ture! Chapter Committee, and through this membership, the 
Branch Chairman will receive sufficient training and informa- 
tion to inform and train the members of the Branch Committee. 
It will be the Branch Chairman’s responsibility to develop his 
committee membership so that each one of them will be capable 
of perform ing his job as Chairman of a Sub-Branch Committee 
or Cho Sub-Committee. 
It is extremely important to develop a strong Branch Volunteer 
Service Committee and because of the importance of this ’unit 
it is necessary that the Chairmen be a well-qualified leader. 
At the National and Chapter Headquarters there are paid staff 
members responsible for the program but at the Branch levels 
there is no paid staff. Consequently the Branch Volunteer 
Service Chairman must assume administrative, responsibility in 
assisting the Branch Head to promote the Volunteer Service 
program in each of the Branch areas. 
All of the organization plan discuss- e up to this point is a 
means to provide the necessary information and instructions to 
Red Cross representatives in their local communities where Vol- 
unteer projects will be operating to meet the needs of the 
people. It is the people of Japan that the Japanese Red Cross 
wishes to servo. More specific information will be included 
in additional Information Letters which will give to the Chap- 
ter, the Branch, the Sub-Branch ana the Sub-Giio Committee 
Chairmen detailed instructions which will help them in start- 
ing Volunteer projects - including the actual operation of spe- 
cific projects and the duties of Volunteer Service Representa- 
tives and the Unit Leaders, 
It is recognized by headquarters officials that Red ur0ss 
workers in the local communities are the most important people 
in the entire Red Cross organization and with their coopera- 
tion the plan for extension of Red Cross Services to the people 
cannot fail. JAPANESE NATIONAL RED CROSS 
TOKYO, JAPAK 
DR LETTER NO. 1. 
May o, 1948 
TO; All Chapters 
FROM: Mr, Tadatsugu Shimadzu, President, Japanese Red Cross 
SUBJECT: INTRODUCTION TO JAPANESE RED CROSS DISASTER HANDBOOK 
Ail chapters have received information regarding the Disaster Relief 
Program since the National Disaster Relief Law was passed October 
18, 1947. Now that the Welfare Ministry and the Japanese 11 ed °ross 
Society at National Headquarters have come to a clear understanding 
of the Law, known as Law No. 118, and the Cabinet Ordinance Order 
No. 2B5, and the Japanese Red Cross and the Welfare Ministry having 
entered into an agreement as to the role Japanese Red Cross will play 
in time of disaster, it is necessary for the Headquarters to issue 
new instructions to the Chapters, Many of the instructions issued 
to the Chapters previous to this date are now some of the 
instructions, however, in part, are correct, but in order that there 
will be no misunderstanding it is deemed desirable to issue com- 
pletely new instructions. Therefore, from this date all previous 
instructions are declared void. 
As defined by the National Disaster Relief Law the Japanese Red 
Cross has two specific roles to play during the time of a disaster. 
First, Medical and Midwife Care, and second, coordination of the 
work of all non-governmental agencies. It must be clearly under- 
stood that the Japanese Red Cross will operate in time of disaster 
only as its responsibilities are defined by law. While it will be 
the responsibility of the Prefectural Chapters to develop individual 
plans for the definition of their activities in time of disaster and 
to integrate such plans with the Prefectural Government's master 
disaster plan, it must be borne in mind that the Japanese National 
Red Cross is responsible under the Law and its agreement with the 
Welfare Ministry for developing and carrying out a national plan 
and program of uniform disaster service as it pertains to the hed 
Cross. Since the type of work that the Japanese Red Cross will do, 
in part, is new to the organization it will, thus, be necessary for 
the National Headquarters to issue clear-cut instructions and regula- 
tions by which the Chapters will carry out their specific responsi- 
bilities in any disaster. 
This letter is to be considered as the first of a series of Instruc- 
tional Letters which will comprise the ”Japanese Red Cross Disaster 
Handbook." These letters will keep you regularly informed of cur- 
rent developments in the Disaster Relief Program and the relation- 
ship of Red Cross to the National Disaster Relief Plan and will 
contain instructions necessary for the direction and administration 
of Chapter Disaster activities. 
These letters are to be kept in a special file for ready reference 
and to be used as the guide in organizing and putting into opera- 
tion the Chapter Disaster Relief program. This series of letters DH Letter No. 1. 
2- 
will be referred to as the ”Japanese Red Cross Disaster Handbook.” 
The letters will carry a code number - ”DR Letter Ho. 11. This 
is the first in this series of letters and you will note that it is 
headed - SUBJECT; DR Letter No. 1. Introduction to Japanese Red 
Cross Disaster Handbook. An index of the letters is attached and as 
you receive additional letters, these are to be added by subject and 
number of the index. It is imperative that the Chapters keep this 
file of letters up to date. 
Attached to this letter is a copy of the agreement between the 
Welfare Ministry and the Japanese Rod Cross as to the role the 
Japanese Red Cross will play in times of disaster. JAPANESE RATIONAL RED CROSS 
TOKYO, JAPAN 
DR LETTER NO. 2. 
May 5, 1948 
TO: All Chapters 
PROM: Mr. Tadatsugu Shimadzu, President, Japanese Red dr0ss 
SUBJECT: JAPANESE NATIONAL RED CROSS DISASTER RELIEF ORGANIZATION 
The Japanese Red Cross, in conformity with the mission to be ful- 
filled. by it as defined by the National Disaster Relief Lav/, October 
18, 1947 - furnishing Medical Aid, Midwife Care, and coordinating 
the work of all non-governmental agencies - and in accordance with 
the international tradition of Red Cross responsibilities for the 
mitigation of suffering in time of natural calamaties, will set up 
the Red Cross Disaster Relief Organization. The organization will 
be set up at Japanese Red Cross National Headquarters down through 
the Chapters, Branches, and Sub-Branches. This work-will be in ac- 
cordance with the agreement between the Japanese Red Cross and the 
Welfare Ministry, ana all instructions coining from the National 
Headquarters will be according to this basic agreement. 
HAT I OH AL HEADQUARTERS OiiGA liXZATIOM 
The Board of Directors shall delegate to the Disaster nelief Divi- 
sion of National Red Cross Headquarters the administrative respon- 
sibility for effecting a Disaster Relief Program. The Disaster Re- 
lief Division shall develop plans and procedures for activating 
the program. 
After the plans, procedures, and policies have been developed they 
shall be referred back to the Board of Directors by the President 
of the Society for final approval. 
Therefore, at National Headquarters, Disaster Relief is organized 
under Disaster Relief'Division. Disaster Relief will be headed by 
the President of the Society or a Vice-President and under him will 
work the Director of the Disaster Relief Division. The President 
of the Society is also a member of the National Planning Board on 
Disaster Relief as is set up under Public Law No. therefore, 
this will make for close coordination Of the Red Dross Disaster Pro- 
gram and that of the Government. 
The Disaster Relief Division shall be responsible for drawing up 
the Disaster Relief Program and its duties shall be: 
1. Collect information on disaster as related to the Japanese 
Red Cross. 
2. Draw up detailed plans and set policies for the administra- 
tion of the Red Cross Disaster Relief Program. 
3. Draw up organizational plans for the chapters, branches, 
and sub-branches for the administration and operation of 
disaster relief activities on a local level. DR Letter No. 2 
9, 
*%/ 
4. Review and approve all plans and agreements made by the 
chapters. 
6. Dispatch workers from National Headquarters when assist- 
ance is needed on a local level during disaster. 
6. Coordinate all disaster activities with responsible 
government authorities and maintain liaison with other or- 
ganizations. 
7. Supervise and coordinate the work of all Japanese Red Cross 
Services in Disaster Work. 
8. Develop such National agreements with government and other 
national non-governmental agencies as are accessary for 
the implementation of the National Program. 
9. Conduct training conferences to train Chapter workers in 
the operation of the Disaster belief Program. 
ADVISORY AND COORDINATION COMMITTEE 
At National Headquarters the Society shall take the initiative in 
call ing together representatives of all non-governmental agencies 
wishing to assist in a disaster and a representative of the Head- 
quarters will act as chairman of this committee. It will be the 
duty of this committee to work out plans for the participation of 
such agencies in time of disaster and in the planning of the pro- 
gram in such a way that the resources of each society will be used 
and there will be no duplication of effort. There may be other rep- 
resentatives on this committee other than representatives of agen- 
cies wishing to take part in the disaster work but prominent and 
wise citizens who may be of value in advising the Red Cross. If 
this is true there will be a sub-committee on coordination made up 
exclusively of representatives of non-governmental agencies taking 
part in the disaster relief program. See Chart 5 which is included 
in this letter. Attached to this letter is a copy of the agreement 
between the Japanese Red Cross and the Welfare Ministry regarding 
Disaster Relief Work. CHART 5. 
JAPANESE NATIONAL RED CROSS DISASTER RELIEF ORGANIZATION 
NATIONAL 
DISASTER BOARD 
(GOVERNMENT) 
PRESIDENT, 
- Japanese red cross 
ADVISORY and 
COORDINATION 
COMMITTEE 
COORDINATION 
> SUB-COMMITTEE 
VICE-PRESIDENT, 
JAPANESE RED CROSS 
DISASTER 
RELIEF DIVISION 
ADVISORY STAFF 
VARIOUS RED CROSS 
DIVISION HEADS 
SEC- 
TION 
SEC-** 
TION 
Di’j'w — 
TICK 
PREFECTURAL 
CHAPTER JAPANESE NATIONAL BED CROSS 
TOKYO, JAPAN 
DR LETTER NO. 5 
May 5, 19^8 
TO: All Chapters 
FROM: Mr. Tadatsugu Shimadzu, President, Japanese Red Cross 
SUBJECT: CHAPTER DISASTER RELIEF ORGANIZATION 
It will be necessary for each Chapter, Branch and Sub-Branch to have 
a well organized Disaster Relief plan in order that the Japanese Red 
Cross can fulfill its obligations to the people of Japan as defined 
under the National Disaster Relief Law, It must be borne in mind 
that the Disaster Relief Service is an integral part of the Japanese 
Red Cross, The Disaster Relief Service on the local level has no 
power to formulate policies and regulations independent of Chapters 
and Headquarters. All policies, rules and regulations will be is- 
sued by the Headquarters office. 
Chapters, Branches and Sub-Branches will make their plans for carry- 
ing out the v/ork on a local level, but the Chapter plans must be 
sent to Headquarters for approval before they can bo put into oper- 
ation, the Branch and Sub-Branch plans must be sent to Chapter for 
approval. However, if the plans of the Branches and the Suu-Branch- 
es do not conform to the plans laid by the Headquarters, they should 
be sent from the Chapters to the Headquarters for approval. This ap- 
plies in cases where there is an unusual set up in Chapters or 
Branches which is not clearly covered in instructions from Headquar- 
ters, The rules and regulations of the Japanese Bed Cross Disaster 
Relief Service as they are related to the Welfare Ministry are care- 
fully worked out at Headquarters in close cooperation with the Minis- 
try. 
In order for the Japanese Red Cross to carry out its part of the 
Disaster Relief Program it will be necessary to use many volunteer 
workers, especially on the local levels where the work is being- 
done, in fact, the greatest amount of the work will be done by 
Volunteer workers. The Disaster Relief Division of the Chapters 
and committees of the Branches and Sub-Branches will be responsible 
for training the volunteer workers for the types of work they will 
do in time of disaster. The paid workers will also bo trained in 
the same manner. In time of disaster all of the resources of the 
Chapter will be called into action. It will be necessary for all 
the chapter services, such as Volunteer Service, First Aid & Water 
Safety, Junior Red Cross, Home Nursing and Medical and Nursing Ser- 
vice, to work very closely with Disaster Service in time of disas- 
ter. 
The chapters will set up their administration according to Chart 4, 
which is included in this letter. (See Chart 4). DR Letter No. 3 
2- 
As is seen in the Chart 4, the Chapter Disaster Plan must be very 
closely coordinated with the Prefectural Disaster Board. On the 
Chapter level there will be an Advisory and Coordination Committee - 
the same as there is on the National level. The Advisory Committee 
will be made up of representatives of all non-governmental agencies 
in the community, or prefecture, who have been active in past disas- 
ters and wish to contribute service or supplies in the present plan 
as is set up under the new law. In the Society's Agreement with the 
Welfare Ministry it is specifically stated that the Society shall 
call up a committee in which it shall become chairman and shall 
form plans for the coordination of all non-government agencies in 
time of disaster. See Agreement in DR Letter No. S, Section II, 
Article (2). 
The Red Cross Disaster Relief Plan is an integral part of the Pre- 
fectural Disaster Board's over-all plan, and all plans made by the 
Chapter in fulfilling Red Cross’ obligation under the law must be 
worked out with the Prefectural Boara and approved by the Board as 
a part of the over-all Disaster plan. The Prefectural Disaster 
Board will not request any disaster services from Red Cross over 
and above those established by the National Disaster Law and agreed 
to between Red Cross and the Welfare Ministry. 
It is the responsibility of the Chapter Board to see that the direc- 
tions and plans for a Disaster Relief Program issued from Headquar- 
ters are carried out and put into operation. The direct responsi- 
bility for the administration and the organization of the program 
rests on the Director of the Chapter. He is responsible for the 
disaster relief program the same as he is responsible for any other 
Red Cross Service in the Chapter. The Chapter Director will dele- 
gate to the Disaster Relief Division of the Chapter this responsi- 
bility. There will be an advisory staff of the Chapter to work 
with the Chapter Director and the Disaster Relief Division. This 
advisory staff will be made up of the heads of the other services 
in the Chapter, and the Chapter Hospital Directors (Byoin-Cho)• 
The purpose of this advisory staff is to make for closer coordina- 
tion of all the Chapter sorvees in planning for disaster and for 
the work in time of disaster. 
The responsibilities of the Chapter Disaster Relief division are: 
1. Collect information on Disaster on a local level as it is 
related to the work of the Chapter. 
2. Work very closely with the Prefectural Disaster Board and 
Coordinate all Chapter disaster plans through this hoard. 
The Chapter*s disaster plans are part of the Board’s over- 
all prefectural disaster plan. 
3. Train Chapter workers and Branch committee chairmen in the 
particular type of work they are to do in time of disaster 
and keep them currently informed on all information on 
Disaster Relief as it is released in DR Letters. DH Letter N o. 3 
3 
4. See that each Branch and Sub-Branch appoints a volunteer 
Disaster Chairman who will be in charge of the program on 
a local level. This person should be a well-known com- 
munity leader and not a government official, but he will 
coordinate his work and plans through the local govern- 
ment official. It will be his duty to see the operational 
teams are well organized and trained for it will be these 
teams who will actually uo the work. See Administration 
Organizational Chart - Chart 2, which is included in this 
letter. 
5, Bring these chairmen from the Branches and Sul:-Branches in- 
to the Chapter Headquarters and give them a training course 
on the work to be done in disaster and the type of planning 
that must be done before the disaster. CHART 4. 
EREFECTURAL CHAPTER DISASTER RELIEF ORGANIZATION 
Advisory and 
Coordination 
Committee. 
Prefectural 
Disaster 
Board. 
(Government) 
Prefectural 
Chapter 
President 
Vice 
Prefectural 
Chapter 
Special Committee 
on Liaison and 
Coordination. 
Y 
Director of 
Chapter 
Advisory Staff 
(Other Red Cross 
Service Heads) 
Disaster Relief 
Division 
Chapter 
Disaster Relief 
Committee 
Branch VOLUNTEER SERVICE INFORMATION LETTER NO. Ill. 
TO: All Chapters 
'60 April 1948 
FROM: Mr, Tadatsugu Shimadzu, President, Japanese Red Cross 
SUBJECT: PROCEDURE FOR ESTABLISHING ARP OPERATING VOLUNTEER SER- 
VICE PROJECTS IN LOCAL COMMUNITIES 
I. ESTABLISHING NEED FOR PROJECT 
A. Local Community Survey. 
The Red Cross Volunteer Service Representatives, under the di- 
rection and with the assistance of the Sub-Branch or Sub-Cho 
Volunteer Service Committee Chairmen, will make a survey of the 
communities which they represent. The general survey already 
completed by all Chapters should be used as a guide for the 
local surveys. It is necessary to remember that in making the 
individual contacts with various institutions and agencies, it 
is essential for the Red Cross Volunteer Service Representa- 
tive to acquaint the institutions and agency heads with the 
purpose of the survey, the desire of the Japanese Red Cross to 
assist in meeting community needs, and to inform these heads 
about the new Red Cross Service Programs, namely, the new plan 
for Junior Red Cross, Home Nursing, Disaster Relief, First Aid 
& Water Safety, ana Volunteer Services. 
B. Tabulation of Survey Findings. 
The Volunteer Service Representatives should report their find- 
ings, in writing, to the Sub-Branch ana Sub-Cho Volunteer Ser- 
vice Committee Chairmen. 
1. Sub-Branch Committee. 
In the Sub-Branch Areas the Committee will have the respon- 
sibility for making the decision about projects which will 
be sponsored. It may be advisable for the Sub-Branch Area 
to sponsor only a few projects at the beginning of this pro- 
gram, and there should be close cooperation between ail of 
the Volunteer Service Representatives composing the Sub- 
Branch Committee. 
2. Sub-Cho Committee. 
In the Sub-Cho Committee area, which will, of course, be in 
cities, the Sub-Cho Committee Chairman will tabulate the 
survey data compiled by the Volunteer Service Representa- 
tives, and with their recommendations, present it to the 
Branch Committee. In city areas it will be advisable for 
the Branch Committee to make the decision regarding the 
projects which will be sponsored by Rea Cross Volunteers. 2 
In the five large cities it will be the Branch Headquarters 
Committee, with its membership drawn from all Wards, who 
will make the decision regarding specific projects, or a 
second plan in the five large cities would be that of hav- 
ing each Branch Office Committee give a decision on speci- 
fic projects to be sponsored. 
All Chapter personnel must be constantly aware of the fact that 
the Volunteer Service program is an entirely new idea but that 
it is the only way which the Japanese Red Cross can extend its 
programs and services to all communities in Japan, 
It is expected that projects will develop slowly and it is the 
best plan to nave the program grow in such a manner in order to 
allow sound planning and the establishment of projects which 
will provide effective service to communities and also be of 
personal satisfaction to the Volunteer workers who are contri- 
buting their time. 
It is not the intent of the Japanese Red Cross to set up a tre- 
mendous organization of so--calj.ea Volunteer 'workers who, in 
theory belong to the Volunteer organlze.tion, but have no Volun- 
teer activities in which to engage-. rlonly .'justification for 
ah organization of Volunteer wo:i:eqp s the existence of one or 
more specific community needs, and the inltiatioxi of active pro- 
jects is the only way in which to meet these needs. 
Through the organization and sponsorship of Volunteer projects, 
the Japanese Red Cross nas an opportunity to serve the people 
of Japan as never before. 
II. SAMPLE PROJECTS 
A. Chapter Headquarters Clerical Assistance Project. 
In Volunteer Service Information Letters No. I and II, the role 
of the Chapter Headquarters has been defined as administrative 
and not operational. 
However, with the initiation of the Volunteer Service Program 
it will be necessary for the Chapter Headquarters to use Cleri- 
cal Volunteer Workers to assist in preparation of material for 
the training course for .the Chapter Volunteer Service Committee. 
It is recommended that the Branch Head of the prefectural capi- 
tal city be asked to appoint a Branch Volunteer Service Chair- 
man, and according to instructions outlined in Volunteer Ser- 
vice Letters No, I and II, committees, Branch and Sub-Cho, be 
formed. Members of these committees could be given, jointly, 
a training course by the Chapter Headquarters staff. This 
should be done in each prefecture and would serve as an experi- 
mental project at each Chapter Headquarters, with volunteers 
working according to schedule. This experimental project will 
accomplish the following; 1. It will give the Chapter staff experience in conducting a 
training course prior to the training course for the Chap- 
ter Volunteer Service Committee, 
2. It will begin an earlier dissemination of information on 
Hod Cross services in the prefectural Chapter cities and 
thereby assist trio City Branch Heads and Branch Volunteer 
Service Chairmen to expedite the development of projects 
in the capital cities. 
o. It will give the Chapter staff members experience in work- 
ing with volunteers. 
4, It will aid the Chapter staff members in the preparation 
of material for the Chapter Training Conference on Volun- 
teer Services. 
Alter the training course, for this group, is completed, a 
unit leader should be appointed and a daily schedule for the 
Volunteer workers must be outlined. This, of course, will be 
done in cooperation with the Chapter paid workers who will be 
responsible for assigning the work fn. the volunteers, and who 
will assist the Unit Leader in supervising the volunteer acti- 
vities. 
The Unit headers must assume responsibility for arranging a 
method of keeping records of hours in accordance with Informa- 
tion Letter No. V. The monthly report of this project will be 
sent in to the Chapter through channels outlined in the same 
Information Letter, 
When a sufficient number of Volunteers in this project have 
completed the number of hours specified in Information Letter 
No, VI, and are eligible for Volunteer Service pins, there 
should be a special presentation ceremony to which the public 
could be invited. This type of occasion will offer good pub- 
licity material and should be the first public announcement 
by each Chapter Headquarters of the Volunteer Service program 
in each prefecture. 
B. Hospital Project. 
The tabulation of the questionnaire survey on community needs 
revealed that every Chapter had hospitals in their prefectures 
which were in need of and desired the assistance of Red Cross 
Volunteers. Different hospitals indicated need for various 
types of service. Therefore a hospital project may cover 
either one type of Volunteer Service, or several types. 
The following steps are outlined to guide the Red Cross Volun- 
teer Service Representative and the appropriate committee chair- 
man in developing a hospital project; 1. The Red Cross Volunteer Service Representative and the Sub- 
Branch or Sub-Cho Committee Chairman will make their first 
contact with the proper hospital officials. It will be the 
Red Cross officialfs responsibility to provide hospital 
officials with a general summary of information regarding 
Red Cross Volunteer Service, explaining the specific types 
which will oe available through a hospital project. 
C. The Red Cross persons, if the hospital officials are inter- 
ested in the Volunteer Service project, should be conducted, 
on a tour of the hospital by the Head Doctor and the Chief 
Nurse. 
3. The decision should be reached by this group (Red Cross 
Volunteers and hospital officials) regarding the types of 
service, if any are needed. 
4. The hospital should be requested to designate an official 
or a staff member to assist the Red Cross Representative 
in working out the details for the accepted project, such 
as the number of Volunteers needed, hours on duty, respon- 
sibility of hospital to Volunteers, etc. This person may 
be referred to as the Liaison. 
5. Plans will be developed by Red Cross Volunteer Representa- 
tive ana the chairman for recruiting Volunteers for the 
specific project. If only a small number of Volunteers 
will be needed, it may be wise to have Red Cross Represen- 
tatives personally select Volunteers in the immediate vi- 
cinity of the hospital. On the other hand, if a large 
group is needed and various types of service are to be 
given, it will be necessary co make a public appeal through 
publicity channels to the entire Cho area adjacent to the 
hospital, and even to make an appeal to other Sub-Cho 
Chairmen to assist in recruiting Volunteers for the speci- 
fic hospital. 
In the event a small group will be used, these persons 
should be gathered together at the hospital and the pro- 
gram explained to them. They should be allowed to choose 
the type of service they wish to perform, if more than one 
type of Volunteer Service is needed. If a large number of 
Volunteers is needed, a special meeting place may be neces- 
sary if the hospital cannot provide space. A similar ex- 
planation would be made to this group. 
6. The next important step is to give the necessary training 
to the Volunteers In the type of service which they select. 
The following types of Volunteer Service projects are sug- 
gested for a hospital; 
a. Operation of a nursery for children of patients, visi- 
tors, and even employees of a hospital. b. Recreation program according to the needs of the in- 
dividual hospital. 
c. Production unit which may engage in the making of sur- 
gical dressings and repairing hospital items such as 
doctors’ surgical gowns, sheets, etc. 
d. Assistance with a library unit in the hospital, either 
helping distribute books which may already be available, 
or building up a library to be used in this manner. 
e. Information clerks and guides at the reception desk in 
the large hospitals. 
f. A recreational program for student nurses. (51 Red 
Cross Hospitals have Schools of Cursing and this ser- 
vice is felt to be very necessary for the student 
nurses’ group.) 
g. Canteen workers if hospital has central kitchens. 
In connection with hospital Volunteer projects, the work- 
ers must receive training which wall make them effective 
and valuable in their service. As stated in Volunteer Ser- 
vice Information Letter No. II, a manual is being prepared 
in connection with Volunteer projects in hospitals and this 
manual will set down standards to be maintained on a pro- 
ject and will also provide information to be used in train- 
ing Volunteers. 
7. When the training courses begin, a Unit Leader for the spe- 
cific project should bo appointed by the Red Cross Volun- 
teer Service Representative. The Unit Leader will begin to 
work out schedules for workers and when the training courses 
are finished, they will sign with the Unit Leaders for spe- 
cific days and hours of service. (There should be as much 
organization as possible insofar as regularity of days and 
hours is concerned.) Also more effective service can be 
rendered if a person can give Volunteer time consecutively 
at one period, for example: a Volunteer would be able to ac- 
complish more by working two-and-one-half to three hours 
one morning a week rather than one hour each day, several 
days a week. 
8. The responsibilities of the Unit leader will be numerous 
and on this person rests perhaps the greatest responsibil- 
ity for the success of the individual project. When the 
Volunteers first begin to serve, it is most necessary that 
the Unit Leader be present as much as possible during the 
first period of the project and she will undoubtedly need 
the assistance of the Red Cross Volunteer Service Repre- 
sentative. The Unit Leaders will be responsible for setting 
up a system of keeping records in accordance with Volunteer 6 
Service Letter No. V. She must encourage the workers fre- 
quently and keep the hospital liaison person informed of 
the program. She will have the responsibility of making the 
project a smooth-running operation and will offer sugges- 
tions to hospital authorities which will assist the Volun- 
teer Service in being more effective. At the end of the 
month she will be responsible for compiling reports in ac- 
cordance to Volunteer Service Letter No. V, to be turned 
over to the Red Cross Volunteer Service Representative. 
It will be the Unit Leader's responsibility to secure addi- 
tional workers as they are needed or to provide replacements. 
One of her chief functions will be that of encouraging the 
workers and explaining to them the appreciation of the Red 
Cross and the hospital for their cooperation. A good Unit 
Leader, in addition to responsibilities which will become 
more or less routine, will also take the initiative in 
suggesting means of improving a service, and additional 
types of service which would be helpful to the hospital. 
The two kinds of projects illustrated give a general p icture of 
the step-by-step procedure of developing any project which will be 
sponsored by the Red Cross Volunteer Services within the scope of 
those fields which have been designated by your National Headquar- 
ters Volunteer Service Section. These fields are named in Volunteer 
Service Letter No. II, and are repeated, namely: clerical assis- 
tance for Red Cross offices; service in children's institutions; 
hospitals; parks and playgrounds; canteens; blind schools and in- 
stitutions; seasonal nurseries and community kitchens. The survey 
questionnaires of community needs completed by all chapters were 
used as a guide by the National Headquarters staff in determining 
the projects which would be sponsored on a national basis. In order 
to maintain standards and provide instruction and training courses 
of a high calibre, it is advisable for Red Cross Volunteer Services 
to confine their programs, at this time, to these types of Volunteer 
Service programs. The survey reports, when tabulated, prove that 
these particular fields designated, offer infinite opportunities 
for the development of Red Cross Volunteer Service projects which 
will benefit the individual, the local communities, the cities, the 
entire prefecture and the nation. Instructions for Preparing International and 
Domestic School Correspondence Albums of the 
Japanese Junior Red Cross 
May aO, 1948 
I. Object of School Correspondence 
School Correspondence constitutes one of the activities of the 
Junior Red Cross. Inter-country school correspondence aims at 
enabling Junior Red Cross members in schools to exchange infor- 
mation as to the organization and activities of their respec- 
tive schools and groups, thereby enriching their knowledge in 
natural science and in the cultural field and, consequently, 
helping them make progress in their school work, through the re- 
ciprocal supply of unknown or strange facts and stories picked 
up at their respective places. As regards international school 
correspondence, it is intended to unite the juniors in this 
country with those in others with tics of goodwill and friend- 
ship on the basis of mutual understanding and to afford them op- 
portunities of correctly recognizing their own country through 
the extension of their international knowledge in geographies, 
histories, manners and customs, racial traits and what not. It 
is thus eventually led to contribute to the cause of world peace. 
XI• How to Make School Corrospondence 
A. School correspondence means the exchange of albums made up 
with materials acquired at school between Junior Red Cross 
members in one school and those in another through the Jun- 
ior group to which they belong. (School correspondence is 
divided into two kinds -- domestic school correspondence 
and international school corresp cadence.) It does not 
deal with any individual correspondence. 
B. How School Correspondence Is routed. 
School correspondence is routed as follows: 
Domestic correspondence: 
Sending Group—)- Chapter--) Headquarters--') 
Receiving Chapter--)* Receiving Group. 
.International correspondence: 
Sending Group—) Chapter--') Headquarters—) 
Receiving Country*s Headquarters—) 
Chapter--1) Receiving Group. 
III. Importance of School Correspondence. 
That school correspondence makes a great contribution toward the 
promotion of international friendly relations needs no explana- 
tion. In no rare cases, materials collected and prepared for 
the purpose of correspondence are found to give deep impression 2 
on the juniors. This project furnishes valuable learning ex- 
periences for the boys and girls. They apply the skills which 
they have learned* 
Speaking of its learning values, moreover, it is pointed out 
that while engaging in the preparation of these materials, the 
juniors learn the joy of cooperation and cultivate their pow- 
er of observation, being unknowingly directed to pay consider- 
ation to the effect they may give on their recipients. In 
consequence, they are eventually led through this work to a 
correct recognition of the country to which they belong and 
in which they live. 
It is for this reason that school correspondence is regarded 
as contributing a great deal to the promotion of international 
friendship and the cause of world peace. 
IV. How to Make School Correspondence AXbums 
A. Planning for .... jlioo.l Correspondence Albums. 
1. Previous Notice. 
In planning a school correspondence album, it is re- 
quired that the prescribed application for corres- 
pondence be filed, with the Chapter of the Japanese Red 
Cross Society concerned, thereby previously giving the 
applicants’ preference as to which school they would 
like to correspond with. The designation of the school 
should be made as follows: 
For domestic correspondence: 
Name of School, Village or Town or City, 
Prefecture. 
For international correspondence: 
Name of School, City, State, Country. 
On the part of the Red Cross Society, on receipt of 
the application, will do its best to give satisfac- 
tion to the ■applicants’ desire, by properly selecting 
their correspondents from among the three schools 
nominated in the order of their preference. S• Prescribed Form for Previous Notice of Correspon- 
dence . 
form for Previous Notice of Correspondence 
Date 
Sending School 
and Group 
Address; 
N ame 
Corps, Class, Grade 
Scheduled Date 
of Sending 
Subject of Album: 
School and 
Country with 
which Corres- 
pondence is 
preferred. 
1. 
hi « 
3. 
Signature and 
Address of 
Teacher. 
Signature and 
Address of 
JRC Leader 
N.B. For domestic correspondence the village or town or city 
and prefecture concerned must be mentioned; for interna- 
tional correspondence mention must be made of the city, 
state and country concerned. 
B. Paper, Size and weight. 
Paper. In preparing a correspondence album, attention 
should be paid to the selection of paper used which is 
easy to obtain but so excellent in quality as proper for 
long preservation. 
The reason for demanding such careful attention to the 
quality of paper is that if it is poor, even the album 
prepared with much painstaking efforts may easily be 
broken while inspection by the recipients before it has 
been preserved for long. 
Size. 
1. Maximum size is 33 cm. in length and 56 cm. in width. 
S. Minimum size is 30 cm. in length and S3 cm. in width. iV eight. Not exceeding 900 grams. 
C. Covers. 
1. Pay the same attention to the selection of paper for 
the covers as paid to the quality of paper for the 
leaves of the album. 
2. Be sure to use the Red Cross symbol on the covers in 
design. The Rea Cross symbol is a red cross made of 
the combination of five squares as shown'below: 
Use care so as not to weaken the prominence of the 
Red Cross by the colors of designs- that may be put 
on the cover. 
5. Make the. cover designs so as to represent the con- 
tents. For example, for such contents as introducing 
the activities of the correspondents* school, the cov 
ers should be decorated with proper designs for sug- 
gesting the’ contents; in case they are for the intro- 
auction of the manners and customs of their country, 
designs to match the contents should be selected as 
decorations for the covers. 
D. Instructions for the Contents. 
1, Select a subject. 
If the contents should be left to oe so extensive as 
to cover various fields at one time, they would be- 
come too vague to be fully understood by the other, par 
ties. .This..is the reason why some special subject 
should be selected for preparing the contents. It is 
suggested, therefore, that one special subject be 
thoroughly investigated and systematically explained 
for the Inclusion in an album. 
C, Some Examples for Selection of Subjects. a. Communications and Transportation. 
(1) Regarding Postal Service. 
(aT Transition of Postal Service. 
(h) Postman ’ s business. 
(c) Postage-stamps. 
(2) Regarding Ships and Vessels. 
(aT Steamers. 
(b) Ferry-bo at s. 
Pleasure boats. 
(d) Excursion ships. 
(5) Regarding Vehicles. 
(a) Trains, 
(b) Fire-engines. 
(c) Motor-cars. 
b. Community Life and Industries. 
(1) Activities in Our School. 
Life in Cities. 
(5) Life in Aural Villages. 
14) Life of Fishermen, 
b) Life in a snowy country. 
Life of Charcoal Burners. 
7; Life of coal miners. 
c. Our Manners and Customs. 
(l) On Kimono. 
\2) On Footgear. 
(o) Farmers’ Customs (Moinpe trousers, straw 
boots, etc.) 
d. Our Festivals and Holiday Functions. 
The.above subjects are only suggestive. There are 
many other subjects which a school group may wish to 
choose. Investigations should not be made on an ex- 
tensive scale but in a limited field. 
It is advisable that a subject be selected, to some 
extent, in relation with the regular school work, 
in consideration of its contribution to the class ac- 
tivities and object lessons. 
In case pleasure boats have been taken up as the sub- 
ject for investigation at the moment, the Juniors con- 
cerned should strive to obtain the exhaustive knowledge 
about them, by actually visiting ports and piers for 
observing them, beside reading as many books concerned 
as available. 6 
By acquiring the knowledge about (l) the construc- 
tions, (2) the types, (o) the speeds and (4) the 
names of the pleasure boats they have studied in this 
way, they should be directed to arrange the rich con- 
tents in a most artistic way in the album. 
3. Some Suggestions as to the Contents. 
a. Large-sized dolls, specimens, toys, etc. should be 
shipped not separately but together with the album. 
Beside such small objects as can be contained in 
the album, large objects that cannot be contained 
therein will also be accepted for shipment together 
with the album. 
b. When penmanships and compositions are included in 
the album, the most excellent in the entire class, 
one or two copies for each, should be selected for 
introduction mainly for referential purposes. 
c. When newspaper, graphic and magazine clippings are 
included in the album, it is suggested that they 
be properly arranged according to the subjects. 
d. Don’t give the names and grades of the correspon- 
dents on the covers. It would be interesting to 
give the names of the makers of the album and a 
collection of names and grades of the entire mem- 
bers of the class on the last page of the album. 
4. Letters. 
a. Be sure to include letters in the album. These 
letters should not be abstract in substance, but 
should be written as concretely as possible. 
b. Include at least four or five letters in each al- 
bum. They may be classified into;- 
(l) Introductory letters (which mean letters of 
a general introductory nature in entering 
into correspondence with another school, 
those of greetings in succeeding correspon- 
dences, etc.) 
(2) Letters explaining the contents (Two or three 
should be the number for these letters.) 
(3) Letters expressing the desires of the corres- 
pondents and those of questions (Desires and 
questions should be determined on consulta- 
tion between teachers and students and should 
be distinctly mentioned in the letters.) 7 
5. Expenses. 
a. Expenses of materials for school correspondence 
albums should be met by funds raised by the corres- 
p onaent s themselves. 
b. In regard to postages for school correspondence, 
the sending group pays them for the materials di- 
rectly sent to their prefectural chapter of the 
Red Cross Society concerned, only in the case of 
sending. Other postages are borne by the chapter 
and Headquarters of the Japanese hed Cx*02S society. 
The receiving group uoes not pay any postages. 
6. How to handle School Correspondence Albums. 
a. It is considered proper that not more than two 
albums be prepared by one class per year. (Be- 
cause the preparation of many albums will render 
their Quality inferior at the cost of their ex- 
pected effects and at the same time, it will taxe 
away too much from the regular school hours.) 
Of these two albums, one may be used for domestic 
correspondence and the other for international 
c o rr e spond en c e, 
b. Period for Continuation of Correspondence Albums. 
Unless the exchange of correspondence albums is 
maintained lor some period, it is impossible to 
expect any favorable effect of them. It is there- 
fore desired that the excnange once started be 
continued, at least for two or three years. 
c. Albums and other materials sent from other groups 
belong to the school of the receiving group. 
d. All exchanged materials should not be preserved 
idle but well arranged for inspection on proper oc- 
casions, while measures being taken for their 
utilization by m*iny people. THE CONSTITUTION OF THE JAPANESE JUNIOR RED CROSS CORPS OF 
SCHOOL. 
Article I. NAME 
This organization shall be known as the Japanese 
Junior Red Cross Corps of Scnool, 
Article II. OBJECT 
The purposes of this organization shall be: 
1. To act in a general coordinating and advisory 
capacity for the pupils enrolled in the Junior 
Red Cross of School and their res- 
pective sub-corps. 
2, To insure teamwork throughout the school on 
various service projects. 
3. To keep the school Informed about Junior Red 
Cross. 
4. To initiate and plan whole school activities, 
such as planning for Junior Rea Cross services 
in the school, the community, the nation and 
the. world. 
5. To keep records and make reports on the Junior 
Red Cross activities of the school. 
Article III. MEMBERSHIP 
Sec. 1 Membership shall consist of two students from each 
sub-corps (class group), preferably a boy and a girl. 
Sec. 2 These representatives should have a sense of re- 
sponsibility and the qualifications necessary for 
good leadership. 
Sec. 5 These representatives shall be elected or appointed 
as each sub-corps decides and shall serve for one 
year or until other representatives are appointed. 
Article IV. OFFICERS 
Sec. 1 The officers (members of the student body) shall be 
elected at the next to the last meeting of the school 
year. They shall assume their duties immediately 
and shall serve for one year or until other officers 
are elected. (See attached statement.) 
Sec. 2 The student officers, with the Junior Red Cross 
teacher-sponsor, shall form the executive committee 
of the council. 
Sec. 5 The student officers shall perform the usual duties 
pertaining to their-office. (See attached statement.) 
(Inclosure i) JHC Constitution 
S' 
Article V. COMMITTEES 
Sec. 1 The student president shall appoint the chairmen of 
such committees as may be deemed necessary to ful- 
fill the purposes of the council. 
Sec. 2 The student executive committee shall provide for 
all meetings, be responsible for the programs of the 
meetings, and carry out the wishes of the member- 
ship body in all matters referred to it. 
Sec. 3 Any vacancies in offices may be filled by the stu- 
dent executive committee. 
Article VI. MEETINGS 
Sec. 1 The Junior Red Cross Corps shall meet regularly on 
, • 
Sec. 2 The executive committee shall meet on the call of 
the tubont prosident. 
Sec. 5 A quorum shall consist of representation of two- 
thirds of the sub-corps enrolled in the Junior Red 
Cross. 
Article VII. AMENDMENTS 
This constitution may be amended by a two-thirds 
majority vote of the members present at any regular 
meeting, provided that the amendment has been sub- 
mitted at the previous reguLn meeting and a copy 
of the proposed amendment has been sent to each 
school enrolled in the council. 
(M ay, 194o) SCHOOL CORPS STUDENT OFFICERS 
(May, 1948) 
The President, Secretary and Treasurer are the officers required 
for each Corps. They are elected from the student Corps members. 
The principal or head teacher shall appoint a Teacher-Sponsor of 
the school to work closely with the Corps in planning and unify- 
ing the Junior Red Cross Activities. 
THE TEACHER SPONSOR: The responsibility of the Sponsor is to en- 
courage and supervise Corps activities and to be the liaison between 
the Junior Red Cross organization and the members of the units of 
the Senior Red Cross Society. The Sponsor is asked to leave as much 
of the conduct of the meeting as possible to the Juniors and to en- 
courage them as much as possible to make their own decisions and ar- 
rangements about activities. 
THE PRESIDENT: The President is the chief responsible student of- 
ficer of the Corps. The President should have qualities of leader- 
ship and be chosen for these qualities. He or she should be an 
example to all members, be able and ready to initiate ana be inter- 
ested and active in all the affairs of the Corps. 
A major responsibility of the student President is to make sure that 
all Corps matters are attended to and arrangements made for forth- 
coming meetings. 
The student President should take the chair at all meetings. If he 
or she is absent a Chairman should be elected from the members pre- 
sent on the proposal of one of the members and seconded by another 
and approved by-the mooting. The way in which a President should 
conduct a meeting is printed on pages.2-4. 
The student President is responsible for the calling of an Annual 
Meeting and for the presentation of the Annual Report of the Corps 
at that meeting. 
THE SECRETARY: The student Secretary of a Corps is responsible for 
all correspondence and for the clerical work with the exception of 
affairs of a financial nature, which are the responsibility of the 
Treasurer. The Secretary must also be the chief assistant of the 
President and be prepared to carry out routine details and arrange- 
ments on behalf of the- President. 
At the Corps meetings the student Secretary is responsible for re- 
cording the minutess for presenting the minutes of the previous 
meeting3 for bringing forward correspondence dealing with matters of 
which members should be advised; he or she must also be ready with 
any relevant information which may be asked for concerning matters 
on the agenda. Great care must be taken in reporting the exact 
v/ording of the motions and recording mover and seconder and whether 
or not motions are carried. 
The student Secretary in. conjunction with the Sponsor and the Presi- 
dent is responsible for the drawing up of the Annual Report of the 
Corps and for sending it to Chapter Headquarters by a specified date. o, 
THE TREASURER: The student Treasurer of the Corps is responsible 
for the record of the Corps funds and at each meeting is required 
to present a statement of accounts covering receipts and expendi- 
ture since the previous meeting. 
The student Treasurer must make out the annual financial report for 
presentation at the Annual Meeting of the Corps and must hand over 
all books of account brought carefully to date and other property 
belonging to the Corps, to a succeeding Treasurer. 
ROUTINE PRACTICE OF MEETINGS 
A few days before the meeting, the President and secretary should 
confer so that an agenda may be drawn up by the Secretary. This 
agenda or program for the meeting should be carefully followed. 
The following is a sample agenda included for information only. 
Meetings need not follow exactly such a routine. 
JAPANESE JUNIOR RED CROSS 
HONCHO SCHOOL 
Meeting to be held in the School Hall on Friday, 14 May, at 3:50 pm. 
AGENDA 
1. Minutes of Meeting of 12 April for confirmation. 
2, Correspondence. 
5* Report by Treasurer. 
4. Report by Chairman of Program and other committees. 
5. Program for June meeting. 
6. Address by Secretary of the Fire Brigade. 
7. Any other business. 
Meetings should always be conducted with dignity and seriousness. 
The President of the Corps acting as Chairman, must really conduct 
the meeting and all members when speaking must stand and address 
the Chair as "Madam Chairman" or "Mr. Chairman." It is the Chair- 
man’s duty to indicate which of two or more speakers is to speak 
first and to call the meeting to order should members be talking 
amongst themselves or speaking to one another and not to the Chair. 
When a visitor has been Invited to the meeting, the President, as 
soon as the meeting is opened, should welcome and introduce the visi- 
tor to the members, saying a few gracious words about how fortunate 
the Corps is to have the visitor, and, if he or she is going to 
speak, state what the subject of the address is to be* 
After the address has been given the President should call on a mem- 
ber to propose a vote of thanks and another to second it. It is 
usual for these members to b.c warned beforehand that they will be 
called upon to fulfil this duty. o 
E.U.TTING A MOTION: The following is the routine procedure for de- 
cisions, so that they are in order to be placed on the minutes of a 
meeting: 
The President introduces the subject, giving a few words of explana- 
tion, and if one member is particularly informed or wishes to speak 
on the subject, the President asks him to speak and to move a motion 
covering the item. The matter is then proposed by that member who 
gives his reasons for wishing the meeting to approve. The motion 
must be stated in clear careful terms. A member would propose a 
motion in such words as this: 
ftWith your permission, Mr. Chairman, I would like to propose 
that this Corps should, as its next major activity, organize 
an International Pageant to be presented at the end of the year 
at a date to be decided later. The proceeds from the pageant 
to be used to provide a toy cupboard for the children5s ward 
of the hospital. And that Shirley Anderson be appointed Chair- 
man of a committee to organize the pageant.11 
The marter is not open for general discussion until another member 
seconds the motion. 
Members may only speak once to each subject except the proposer, 
who is permitted to reply to any criticism or answer questions be- 
fore the motion is put to the meeting for approval or rejection. 
When all members who wish have spoken to a motion and the proposer 
has been given the opportunity to speak a second time, the Presi- 
dent shall say: 
T,The motion before you is Will all those in favor signify 
in the usual manner.” (Hands will then be counted.) ”To the con- 
trary.” (Again hands will be counted.) 
The President shall then say either 
’’The motion has been carried’1 or ’’The motion has been defeated.11 
AMENDMENTS: An amendment may be proposed and seconded to an origi- 
nal motion before it has oeen put to the meeting. Amendments must 
not be a definite negative of the original motion but may modify it 
in one or more details. Amendments are put to the meeting before 
the original motion. If the amendment is carried it is then put 
again to the meeting as the original motion. If the amendment is 
lost, the motion in its original form is put to the meeting. 
PRESENTING A REPORT: The Treasurer presents his report at each 
meeting, and when a committee or a member has undertaken some spe- 
cial duty a report is usually presented. The routine of presenting 
a report is simple and must always be followed. The member, after 
addressing the President, reads the report, moves its adoption and 
takes his seat. A member seconds the motion and the President, af- 
ter allowing time for discussion, puts the motion to the meeting and 
declares it carried or lost. 4- 
It Is always the Chairman of the meeting, and not the Chairman of 
the Committee, who puts the motion to the meeting. 
THE PRESIDENT CONDUCTS THE MEETING: When the meeting is assembled 
and the President has taxon the Chair, he or she rises and says: 
"The Secretary will read the minutes of the last meeting." 
When the Secretary has read them, the President says: 
"Is it your pleasure that these minutes be confirmed?" 
This question is put to ascertain the accuracy of the minutes. Any 
objection by any members must he proposed, seconded and voted upon 
by those present at the last meeting. If there is no objection to 
the minutes, the Chairman receives the answer "Yes,” signs the min- 
utes and dates them. 
Any alterations and amendments should be made and initialled by the 
Chairman, Any business arising out of the minutes is then discussed. 
The President then says: "i will now ash the Secretary to present 
the correspondence." 
As each letter is read, the Secretary is given instructions from the 
President, after receiving the consent of the meeting of the action 
to be taken. The majority of letters are simply dealt with; many 
need on ly an acknowledgment. In such cases the President shall say: 
"Are you all agreed that acknowledgment and thanks be sent to Miss 
....?" If the meeting is in agreement, consent is signified; if a 
member thinks other action should be taken, he or she says so; dis- 
cussion follows, then the President puts a motion to the meeting. 
Some letters will give rise to full discussion before agreement is 
reached on the action to be taken. 
The President then brings before the meeting the other items on the 
agenda in their order, unless there is some special reason why any 
one item should be taken out of order. 
After the completion of the specific items, the President asks; 
"Is there any other business?" This is done to allow members to 
ask questions on any matters or to bring forward for consideration 
any ideas they may have concerning Corps or Junior hed Cross affairs. 
Before the meeting ends, the President arranges and tells the mem- 
bers, the date, place and time of the next meeting. When this is 
none, the President says: "I now declare the meeting closed and 
thank you all for your attendance." VOLUNTEER SERVICE LETTER NO. VI. 
TO: All Chapters 
17 May 1948 
FROM: Mr. Tadatsugu Shimadzu, President, Japanese Red 
OBJECT: SYSTEM OF AWARDS. 
It is important that Volunteers receive recognition for their ef- 
forts, not only in the form of verbal commendation, but it is also 
necessary to provide awards for Volunteers who give a specified num- 
ber of hours in service. 
I. TWENTY-HOUR VOLUNTEER SERVICE PIN 
The first award will be in the form of a Volunteer Service pin. 
When a Volunteer worker has given twenty hours of Volunteer Service, 
this person will be eligible for the Japanese Red dross Vol unteer 
Service pin. Chapters will be furnished a supply of these pins by 
National Headquarters. The presentation of pins to Volunteer Work- 
ers will be decided by the recommendations of the Chapter Volunteer 
Service Committee. Presentation ceremonies can be used as opportuni- 
ties to further publicize Red Cross activities and serve as another 
means of making Red Cross Activities known to the local communities. 
11. ADDITIONAL. ± WE AS 
In addition to the first award> others will be planned for Volunteer 
workers as they continue to give their service, A special award 
will be presented when a worker has given one hundred hours of Volun- 
teer Service. This award will bo made by National headquarters. 
The exact form end design of the one-hundred hour pin will be de- 
cided upon at a later date after suggestions and recommendations 
have been made by the National Volunteer Service Committee. Addition- 
1 awards will also be, recommended h, the committee. 
III. WEARING OF PINS AND INSIGNIA 
Volunteer Service Pins should always be worn when the Volunteer is 
on duty. Off duty the wearing of the pin will be optional, but en- 
couraged. 
In order for Volunteer workers to be easily identified regardless 
of the agency or place they are working, a badge will be provided 
for them to wear. These badges will be worn by Volunteer workers 
on duty and on the occasion of special meetings or presentation 
ceremonies. The badges are being made at National Headquarters and 
will be sent to all Chapters at the earliest possible time, A sup- 
ply of badges will be kept at the Chapter Headquarters and requ isi- 
tioned from that source when needed by Sub-Branch ana. Sub-Cho 
chairmen through proper channels. & 
Iv. USE OF VOLUNTEER SERVICE PINS ALREADY SENT TO CHAPTERS 
Last fall when instructions were sent to all Chapters regarding the 
ormation of Volunteer Service groups, a large number of Volunteer 
Service pins were made and sent out. You have been informed to dis- 
regard all instructions sent to Chapters in September, 1947 and 
to establish your Volunteer Service organization in accordance with 
the new Handbook instructions, but as yet, no information has been 
given to you regarding the disposition of the We know that 
many pins have been given out by Chapters and there is still a large 
supply on hand at National. Since this very general distribution 
of these original Volunteer Service Pins, without any relation to 
the individual’s actual Volunteer Service, has destroyed their sig- 
nificance as a special award, these cannot be used as the twenty- 
-hour service pins. However, it lias been decided that temporarily 
these pins will be used as identifying insignia for Volunteers work- 
ing on projects. This will provide some identification until the 
■ badges are availablea Chapters should notify Headquarters immediate- 
ly concerning the number of these pins needed. There will be a 
special pin made for the Twenty-hour Volunteer Service Award. 
Further information will bo sent in another Information better re- 
garding awards, insignia and badges. VOLUNTEER SERVICE LETTER NO. VII. 
17 May 1948 
TO: 
All Chapters 
FROM: 
Mr, Tadatsugu Bhimadzu, President, Japanese Red Cross 
SUBJECT: THE USE Or SPECIAL VOLUNTEER SERVICE ADVISORY COMMITTEES 
IN ALL COMMUNITIES. 
The initiation of plans and programs is an extremely important step 
in any organization. Therefore it is wise to secure the assistance 
and advice of persons who have a special knowledge ana active ex- 
perience in those specific fields in which Volunteer Service pro- 
jects will be operating. 
At the National Volunteer Service Training Conference on M&y 4 and 
5 Chapter representatives were told of the splendid assistance 
rendered by special Advisory Volunteer service Committee members 
who have helped in the development, of this entire program ana who 
are at present actually writing the manuals which will be sent 
out for all chapters to be used .as guides for .establishing specific 
projects and training Volunteers. It Is strongly recommended that 
all Chapters follow the same plan of forcing a special Volunteer 
Service Committee composed of the leaders who ure engaged in the 
fields in which Volunteer projects will operate, such as children1s 
institutions, parks and playgrounds, hospitals, nutrition, child 
education, etc. When such a group is informed of the new programs 
of the Japanese Bed Cress, they will undoubtedly be. willing to give 
their service bn such a committee which would have a temporary sta- 
tus, Other persons, such as representatives from the Welfare and 
Education Ministries, as well as outstanding business and lay 
leaders should also be included. All of this group are the leaders 
of their communities and therefore' are interested in assisting 
with plans that will make their towns, villages, cities and entire 
prefectures better places to live. 
Such leaders .will be anxious to assist the Japanese ned cross when 
they are informed about the new programs of the agency which are 
intended to improve the communities for the people of Japan, 
It is recommended that the plan of using special advisory commit- 
tees be at every level. In other words, the leaders 
in these fields, will, be the most helpful persons in assisting 
Cross in planning and carrying ouc local programs. 
The use of such special committees serves a dual purpose; These 
specialists advise the Japanese Red Gross, and, at the same time, 
become informed, about the new Japanese Red Cross programs> Their 
effectiveness does not,end.at that point, for equally important is 
the role of such leaders in the' community who are informed about 
the Japanese Red Cross and in their respective fields they can in- 
terpret its aims and objectives and can recommend the use of Japan- 
ese Red Cross programs and projects in meeting community needs. 2 
These committees can be extremely valuable to all of the regular 
Volunteer Service Chairmen and committee members and paid* Volun- 
teer Service staff who will be responsible for the administration 
and operation of the program* • 
These Committees will be guided and directed by the Japanese Red 
Cross personnel, paid.and Volunteer, responsible for the adminis- 
tration of the Volunteer Service program. They will serve be- 
cause of their ability in particular fields. At Headquarters the 
Special Advisory Committee1s.chief contribution has been that of 
preparing the manuals. At the Chapter level such a committee 
might well be used to review all manuals, make suggestions as to 
the greatest need in the prefectural communities and perhaps as- 
sist in giving the first training courses to Volunteers working in 
the fields under their jurisdiction. Representatives from govern- 
ment agencies on the committees may well act as informants to such 
agencies concerning potential Red Cross services available. The 
same usage coula be made of the committees on the Branch and 
Branch level. 
This type, of committee should be of invaluable assistance in giv- 
ing advice and recommendations in special fields. It should not 
take the place of the committees already established to assist in 
the administration of the Volunteer Service program in the Chapter, 
the Branch,, the Sub-Branch and Sub-Cho areas. 
Prior to the Chapter Volunteer Service Training bourse it is also 
recommended that Chapter staff members and selected Volunteers 
visit several types of institutions in which Volunteer Service 
projects may be needed. These field visits should be arranged in 
cooperation with the Branch Head and Branch Volunteer Service Chair- 
man of the prefectural capital city as these persons will have the 
responsibility of following up the initial contacts. This plan has 
been used at National Headquarters in cooperation with the 1'okyo 
Chapter and has proved most helpful. VOLUNTEER SERVICE INFORMATION LETTER NO, IV, 
TO: 
Ail Chapters 
io May 1943 
FROM: 
Mr. Tadatsugu Bhimadzu, President, Japanese Red Cross 
SUBJECT: SELECTION OF VOLUNTEER CHAIRMEN and MEMBERS OF VOLUNTEER 
SENVICE COMMITTEES. 
Persons having a great deal of control over the success or failure 
of the Volunteer Service program will be the Volunteer Service Chair- 
men and committee members selected to serve at each level of ad- 
ministration - National, Chapter, Branch and Sub-Branch and Sub-Cho. 
Consequently the selection of this group is of prime importance. 
In general there are three qualities which these leaders should 
have: first, administrative ability\ second a capacity for leader- 
ship; and third, the ability to plan and direct training courses. 
The chairman at every level should have these abilities to a strong- 
er degree than the committee members. 
Equally important as the above listed abilities and capacities, 
winch can be measured in a rather specific manner, are the quali- 
ties which are more intangible and not so easily defined - the quail- 
ties on which the success of any enterprise involving human rela- 
tionships depends. Leaders ox any group c.f people must have and 
practice a true respect for all individuals, regardless of their 
social, political or economic status, a genuine love of people 
must be manifested by loaders if the proper influence is to be ex- 
erted. 
The leaders of the Volunteer Service program, particularly, must 
have tne ability to express appreciation for the service rendered 
by the workers and convey to them that their service is both impor- 
tant and necessary. The leaders must also be capable of encourag- 
ing workers and of stimulating their interest, A leader’s job is 
that of 'Keeping an entire program running smoothly and in order to 
do this, the leader must show a constant awareness of all problems 
and must have a clear understanding of the total operation. 
Perhaps one of the most necessary of these intangible qualities de- 
sirable in a leader is that ability enabling the individual to get 
along with others and avoid, at all times, any attitude which might 
convey to the group that they are working for the leader, as an in- 
dividual. It is always the leader’s’responsibility to build an 
’’enprit de corps” among the workers and develop their loyalty to 
the organization ana its objectives. 
A good leader must Know the members of the group and understand 
them. In the development of any effective program there must be 
a mutual respect existing between the individual in charge and the 
workers - this kind of relationship can exist only when there is a 
complete understanding on tne part of everyone. The relationship between the leaders and the volunteers must be one 
of sharing together the opportunity of serving where there is a 
need. Need is the only thing which justifies, any Volunteer Ser- 
vice project and if we are constantly aware of this fact, nothing 
should arise to hinder the development and growth of a strong Volun- 
teer Service program in the Japanese Red Cross. In fact, because 
the need is so great and there is so much to be done, the Japanese 
Red Cross has a great opportunity to organize its resources, to 
strengthen and expand its services to meet ever increasing needs. 
The success of the Volunteer Service program will depend entirely 
upon the proper selection of Volunteer Service Chairmen - select 
carefully and wisely - with these leaders well chosen we cannot 
fail. VOLUNTEER SERVICE LETTER NO. V. 
17 May 1948 
TO: All Chapters 
FROM: Mi'. Tadatsugu Shimadzu, President, Japanese Red °ross 
SUBJECT: SYSTEM OF RECORD KEEPING AND REPORTING» 
I. PURPOSE OF RECORDS and REPORTS 
It is important in the development of any organization to establish 
a method to measure its progress and growth. This factor makes it 
lecessary to maintain a system of records and reports. 
Statistical data obtained from records and reports serves to guide 
nd direct those persons responsible for the organization in its 
growth and, provides valuable material for publicity purposes. It 
is also important to keep staff members, both paid and volunteer, 
informed of their achievements and regular statistical reports are 
invaluable for this purpose, particularly in a Volunteer Service 
program. 
Records will be kept primarily for two purposes: first, to inform 
Red Cross officials of the progress ox an Volunteer Service pro- 
gram, and second, to provide an accurate account of time given by 
Volunteer workers in order to make awards and give proper recogni- 
tion for the services rendered. 
II. METHOD OF KEEPING RECORDS 
The unit leaders will have the responsibility of keeping the records 
of individual workers’ time. This will be done by using an indivi- 
dual record card for each Volunteer worker. Attached is a sample. 
This card will be referred to as ”Individual Record of Volunteer 
Service - Volunteer Service Form No. 1, April, 1948”. These cards 
will be supplied by National Headquarters to each Chapter in suffi- 
cient^,IKJmprovide chapters with sample supplies to be used at the 
Chapt er Training Course. It will be the responsibility of each 
chapter to provide additional forms for the Branch, Sub-Branch, and 
3ub-Cho Volunteer Service Chairmen for training courses which will 
be given for their respective committees. Every Chapter Headquar- 
ters must meep an adequate supply of Volunteer 'Service Form No. 1. 
hen a project is organized in a local community the Red Cr0ss Rep- 
resentative will request the Sub-Branch or Sub-Cho Committee Chair- 
nan to secure the necessary number of record forms from the Chapter 
ieadquarters for the specific project. The request should be made 
through the Sub-Branch Head in those areas. The Sub-Cho Chairmen 
would make the request directly to the Branch head and in the Cit- 
ies, Branch and Branch Headquarters, a supply should be kept on 
aand. 
Ct is suggested that each Unit Leader keep the Volunteer 
Forms No. 1 in a small box which will stay at the agency or insti- 
tution where the specific project is in operation. There will be 2 
a card for each Volunteer and the Volunteer will be responsible for 
recording his or her hours, A place can be arranged for this box 
with the liaison person. If the project is in a park or playground 
with no office available it will be necessary for the Unit Leader 
to arrange a special plan for recording the individual's volunteer 
time. 
It is also suggested that a weekly schedule ox* Volunteer Workers be 
made and posted so that the "liaison person" (individual designated 
by the agency or organization to work with the Red Cross Volunteers) 
and all Volunteer Workers will have a clear understanding of the 
time they are expected to be on duty. This schedule should not take 
the place of the individual record. Form Ho. 1, as this is the offi- 
cial and continuous record for reports and will furnish information 
which determines eligibility for individual awards. 
III. COMPILATION AHi ROUTING OF REPORTS 
A report must be compiled on the last day of each month from the 
Volunteer Service Form Ho. 1 by each Unit Leaner. This report will 
be made in three copies. One copy will be retained by the Unit 
Leader. Two will be given to the Red Cross Volunteer Service Rep- 
resentative, who will keep one-on file and give one copy to the 
Sub-Branch Committee Chairman or the Sub-Cho Committee Chairman. 
The Unit Leader's report will be made according to.Volunteer Service 
Form No. 2 (See attached sample). Reports will be compiled and 
routed as follows: 
A., The.Local Office Branch Area: 
The Sub-Branch Volunteer Service Chairman will combine all fi- 
gures from the Unit Leaders' reports and record, the totals on 
Volunteer Service Form No. 3 "Monthly Report for Bub-Branch or 
Sub-Cho", Volunteer Service Form No. o will be made in three 
copies. One will be retained by the Sub-Branch Chairman and 
two will be sent to the Branch Head by the Sub-Branch Head 
marked "Attention Branch Volunteer Service Chairman." The 
Branch Volunteer Service Chairman will combine figures from all 
of the Sub-Branch reports and record the totals on Volunteer 
Service Form No, 4, "Monthly Report for Branch". This will be 
made in three copies. One will be kept by Branch Volunteer Ser- 
vice Chairman and two forwarded to the Chapter Headquarters, 
(One copy of all sub-branch reports should be attached to the 
Branch Report sent to Chapter Headquarters.) ■ 
3. City Branch Areas: 
The Sub-Cho Volunteer Service Chairman will combine all figures 
from the Unit Leaders' Reports and record the totals on Volun- 
teer Service Form No. 3 "Monthly Report for Sub-Branch or Sub- 
Cho". Volunteer Service Form No, 3 will be made in three copies, 
one will be retained by the Sub-Branch Chairman and two will be sent to the Branch Head by the Sub-Branch Head marked MAtten- 
tion Branch Volunteer Service Chairman11. The Branch Volunteer 
Service Chairman will combine figures from all of the Sub- 
Branch Reports and record the totals on Volunteer Service Form 
No. 4, "Monthly Report for Branch”. This will be made in 
three copies. One will be retained by Branch Volunteer Service 
Chairman and two forwarded to the Chapter Headquarters. (One 
copy of all Sub-Cho reports should be attached to the Branch 
report sent to Chapter Headquarters). 
J• City Branch Areas (Five Large Cities): 
The Sub-Cho Volunteer Service Chairman will combine all figures 
from the Unit Leaders’ Reports and record the totals on Volun- 
teer Service Form No. 3, "Monthly Report for Sub-Bfamch or Sub- 
Cho”. Volunteer Service Form No. 5 will be made in two copies. 
One will be retained by the Sub-Cho Chairman and one will be 
sent to the Branch Office Head by the Sub-Cho Chairman marked 
"Attention Branch Office Volunteer Service Chairman”. The 
Branch Office Volunteer Service Chairman will combine figures 
from all of the Sub-Cho reports and record the totals on Volun- 
teer Service Form No. 4, "Monthly Report for Branch”. This will 
be made in four copies. One will be retained by the branch 
Office Volunteer Service Chairman and three will be sent to the 
Branch Headquarters Head marked "At penial on Branch Headquarters 
Volunteer Service Chairman”. The Branch Headquarters Volunteer 
Service Chairman will combine all figures from the Branch 
fice Reports sent in on Volunteer Service Form No, 4 and compile 
the Branch Headquarters report which can also be recorded on 
Volunteer Service Form No. 4, This will be made in three copies. 
One will be retained at the Branch Headquarters by the 
Headquarters Volunteer Service Chairman and two will be* sent to 
the Chapter Headquarters Director marked attention "Volunteer 
Service Section”. (Two copies of all Branch Office reports 
should be attached to the Branch Headquarters report sent to 
Chap ter Headquarters.) 
D. Tokyo-To Metropolitan Area; 
The Sub-Cho Volunteer Service Chairman will combine all figures 
from the Unit Leaders’ reports and record these on Volunteer 
Service Form No. 3, "Monthly , Report for Sub-Branch or Hub-Gho”. 
Volunteer Service Form No, 3 will be made in two copies. One - 
will be retained by the Sub-Cho Chairman and one will be sent 
to the Branch Head marked "Attention Branch Volunteer Service 
Chairman”. The Branch Volunteer Service Chairman will com- 
bine all figures from all of the Sub-Cho reports and record 
the totals on Volunteer Service Form No, 4., "Monthly Report 
for'Branch”. This will be made in three copies. One will be 
retained by the Volunteer Service Branch Chairman and two will 
be sent to the Tokyo Chapter Headquarters Director marked "At- 
tention Volunteer Service Section”, E. Summation; 
Each person having the responsibility of preparing reports should 
realize that prompt attention is necessary and even though re- 
ports go through several steps, it is most important that they 
reach^Chapter Headquarters at the earliest date possible after 
the first of each month. The Chapter should set the date for 
all reports to be in. When all reports have been received at 
the Chapter Headquarters, it will be the responsibility of the 
Volunteer Service paid staff member and the Chapter Volunteer 
Service Chairman to promptly combine the figures from all Volun- 
teer Service Forms No. 4 and record all totals on Volunteer Ser- 
vice Form No. 5, This should be made in duplicate. One report 
will be sent immediately to National Headquarters marked "At- 
tention: Volunteer Service Section’1, .'and one copy will be re- : 
tained at Chapter Headquarters in the Volunteer Service Section. 
Attached to each Chapter report sent to Headquarters there 
should be one copy of all Branch reports on Volunteer Service 
Form No, 4. It will be the responsibility of the National Head- 
quarters staff to combine all of the Chapter reports from 
Volunteer Service Form No, 5 and record the totals on Volunteer 
Service Form No, 6, "National Report on Volunteer Services. 
The specific uses of information pivvv died through this form of 
reporting will be discussed in another Volunteer Service 1nfor- 
mation Letter in relation to the responsibilities of various 
heads and chairmen in the entire administrative set-up. 
In addition to the statistical report, each person responsible 
for sending reports to a higher headquarters should write a 
brief narrative report making comments regarding the progress 
of the Volunteer Service program and pointing out problems 
which are confronting them. Suggestions for additional projects 
can be included in these comments and the Chapter Headquarters 
and National Headquarters will in this way have information 
direct from the local communities which will help them in future 
planning. During the initiation of the program, and while 
training courses are under way, there will be little to report 
in the way of projects and Volunteer hours. However, in order 
to be aware of progress and developments being made in the lo- 
cal communities, it is important that a brief statement be sent 
in concerning the progress being made. For example, if the 
Chapter is conducting its training course for the Chapter Volun- 
teer Service Committee members and Branch rieads a narrative re- 
port should be made to this effect giving dates, number of per- 
sons attending, etc. Similarly Branch Heads would be requested 
to keep the Chapter Headquarters informed of the progress which 
they are making and the same would apply to the Sub-Branch and 
Sub-Cho Volunteer Service Chairmen, Consequently the early re- 
ports on the Volunteer Service program will be in narrative form. 
The Chapters will be responsible for sending to National Head- 
quarters a summary report of this information, attaching copies 
sent from the Branch Heads. 5 
It is requested that the names and addresses of all persons com- 
pleting these Training Courses on the Chapter, the Branch, 
the Sub-Branch and the Sub-Cho levels be included in the re- 
ports that are sent to National Headquarters by the Chapters, 
The National Headquarters wishes to send a letter directly to 
all of these persons expressing appreciation of the National or- 
ganization for their interest and giving a word of encourage- 
ment to these persons who are lending their time, interest and 
efforts in the initiation of the Volunteer Service program. 
Chapter Directors are urged to give particular attention to 
seeing that a careful record is kept of these Volunteer Workers 
at all levels. 
Having all of this information from every Chapter in Japan will 
be of invaluable assistance to the National Headquarters Volun- 
teer Service Section in planning supervisory field trips for 
the Headquarters staff in order to assist with Training Courses 
and special problems in the various Chapters. 
At the earliest possible time a news sheet will be sent to 
Chapters giving information regarding progress of the new 
Volunteer Service program throughout The news sheet 
will be composed of information reporta- by the Chapters. 
Therefore every Chapter Director shrift bo keenly aware of the 
plans and progress in his Chapter area and be responsible for 
getting reports to National Hoadquaiters promptly, in this way 
each Chapter will have the opportunity for proper recognition 
which will inspire and encourage them in developing their pro- 
grams. (VS Form No. l) 
JAPANESE RED CROSS 
INDIVIDUAL RECORD OF VOLUNTEER SERVICE 
dame and Location of Project 
N ame 
Address 
Date 
Hours of Service 
12o4567891011121ol415161718192021222S242526L72829o021 
Jan 
feb TTT;i'rrj r 1 ]t;t]ttt . ; i i i i i ; 
Mar |l | I i ill I 
—ii in 
May i 
Jme 1 T1 1 [ 
July tt ! i rmauT-i 
Aug j I 1 I I T T T , 1 It 
sept ~m ~y T ~ , T I I i i LJ_ 4- 
Oct T _TZ..J-L-l—J -I—h 1 
-X —UiU-T--J-+-X+—i 
Dec I I I I H I I ! I I I i r TTTri I T|j I 1 | (VS Form no. 2) 
JAPANESE RED CROSS 
Volunteer Services 
MONTHLY REPORT FOR UNIT LEADER 
Date 
TYPE OF PROJECT: 
NUMBER OF VOLUNTEERS:, 
NUMBER OF HOURS; 
NARRATIVE: 
Loc a t ion of Pr o j e'c t*~ 
Unit neader ' 
Address (VS Foa?m No* 3) 
JAPANESE RED CROSS 
Volunteer Services 
MONTHLY REPORT FQK SUB-BRANCH OH SUB-CHO 
Date 
Number of Number of 
Type of Project Number Volunteers. Hours, 
1 
2 
rz 
O 
4 
5 
6 
7 
Total Number Projects 
Total Number Volunteers 
Total Number Hours 
NARRATIVE: J 
Name and Address of Sub-Branch or Sub-Cho 
Sub-Branch Head 
Sub-Branch or Sub-Cho Volunteer Service 
Chairman• 1. Local Office ( ) 2. City ( ) 3. Branch Office or Hdqs. ( ) h. Tokyo-To-( ) 
(Mark type of Branch) 
Sub-Branch or Sub-Cho 
No. of No. of No. of Reporting Mot Reporting 
Type of Project Projects Volunteers Hours, Projects Projects. 
' ! 
Total No, Projects 
Total No. Volunteers 
Total No. Hours 
Total Sub-Branches and 
Sub-Chos with Projects. 
Total Sub-Branches and 
Sub-Chos without projects. 
■ JAPANESE RED CROSS 
Volunteer Services 
MONTHLY REPORT FOR BRANCH 
(VS Form No. U) Name And Address of Branch 1 ' 
Branch Head 
Branch Volunteer Service Chairman 
(VS Form No. U) 
Japanese Red Cross 
Volunteer Services 
MONTHLY REPORT FOR BRANCH 
NARRATIVE REPORT: NUMBER OF BRANCHES REPORT- BRANCHES WITHOUT 
TYPE OF PROJECTS NUMBER VOLUNTEERS HOURS INC- PROJECTS. PROJECTS 
■ ~ At: , ~ I t 
2 f 
3 
TT~ 
3 ’ 
6 _ ZIZIZTZZZZ! ' 
7 
8 _ 
Total Number Projects 
Total Number Number Volunteers 
1 — 
Total Number Hours 
Total Number Branches 
with Projects 
Total Number Branches 
without Projects 
JAPANESE RED CROSS 
Volunteer Services 
MONTHLY REPORT FOR CHAPTERS 
(VS Form No. 5) Name and Address of Chapter 
Chapter Director 
Chapter Volunteer Service Chairman 
(VS Form No. 5) 
Japanese Red Cross 
Volunteer Services 
MONTHLY REPORT FOR CHAPTERS 
NARRATIVE REPORT: