COPY No.. 
ITEM No. l 
FILE No. XXVIII—31 
THE X-RAY INDUSTRY IN GERMANY 
COMBINED INTELLIGENCE OBJECTIVES 
SUB-COMMITTEE FINAL REPCRT ON THE INVESTIGATION 
OF THE X-RAY INDUSTRY IN GERMANY 
Reported byr 
CAPERTON B. HORSLEY. U. S. Civilian 
on behalf of the 
U,S. Technical Industrial Intelligence Committee 
CIOS Target Nos. 
l/132e. 1/144. l/2ii6. 9/37. 9/147. 21/180 
Physical & Optical Instruments & Devices 
Radar 
Metallurgy 
August 11, 1945 
COMBINED INTELLIGENCE OBJECTIVES SUB-COMMITTEE 
G-2 Division, SHAEF (Rear) APO 413 TABLE OF CONTENTS 
Subject Page No# 
General} • ••••• ••••••• 1 
Technical Developments: 
Vacuum Tubes • 1 
X-Ray Equipment .*•••••••••••••• 5 
Other Electro-Medical Equipment •••«•«•• 6 
Ultra High Voltage Equipment • ••••«•«• 7 
Industrial X-Ray Techniques •••••••••• 9 
Medical X-Ray and Other Electro-Medical Tech- 
niques 10 
Sources of Supply: •••••••«••••••• 11 
Organization, Production, and General Information: 
Siemens-Reiniger-Werke A.-G., Rudolstadt • • • 13 
Siemens-Reiniger-Werke A,-G., Erlangen • • • • 14 
C.H.F, Muller A.-G., Hamburg «•••••••• 17 
Rich, Seifert & Co., Hamburg 20 
MetalIgussgese11schaft, Leipzig •••••••• 21 
Siemens1 Organizations • •.•••••••.• 22 
N.V.Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken, Eindhoven, 
Holland • •••••••••• ••• 26 
German X-Ray Industry • ••••• 27 
Appendix: 
List of documents obtained «..••••••• 29 
Personnel of Team 
CAPERTON B, HORSLEY, U. S. CIVILIAN GENERAL* 
This report Is based on information obtained during an inves- 
tigation of the German X-Ray industry and associated indus- 
tries. This investigation started in Leipzig on May 5, 1945, 
and was completed in Bad Oeynhausan on June SO, 1945# 
In this report, no attempt is made to describe technical de- 
velopments in detail, as these matters are covered in the 
special reports and other documents listed in the Appendix. 
TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENTS* 
Vacuum Tubes* 
The most apparent German developments, trends and practices 
pertaining to the design and construction of X-Ray tubes for 
X-Ray equipment may be briefly described as follows* 
1. End ground tubes with long electron beam paths, with 
and without magnetic focusing,in the range of from 45 
to 200 Kv.P. 
Most of the tubes used for industrial radiography or 
fluoroscopy were end ground, magnetically focused, and 
water cooled. Tubes of this type were made by Siemens, 
Muller, and A.E.G. The rating for most of these indus- 
trial tubes was 150 Kv.P. at from 10 to 20 ma., contin- 
uously. 
Siemens also made a line of end ground tubes in the 45 
to 100 Kv.P. range for contact (orificial) therapy. 
These end ground therapy tubes generally had trans- 
mission targets, were water cooled, and did not require 
magnetic focusing. 
2. Very effective use of hooded anode construction. 
By thus preventing secondary electrons from accumulat- 
ing and building up a charge on the inner glass walls 
of the tube, and by effective construction and process- 
ing methods, Siemens has succeeded in producing some 
types of tubes that are appreciably smaller in size than tubes made in the United States with equivalent ratings. 
This is particularly apparent in their 300 Kv.P., 30 ma. 
tube. Incidentally, this 300 Kv.P, tube has a heavy 
copper-tungsten hooded anode which reduces the external 
X-Ray shielding required from 8 mm to 4 mm of lead. 
Not only does this extensive use of ’’almost completely 
hooded anodes often make it possible to reduce the over- 
all weight of the tube head, but also this practice tends 
to improve radiographic and fluoroscopic quality because 
of the decrease in stem radiation and secondary radia- 
tion from the tube walls, the insulating oil, etc# 
Most Siemens tubes used beryllium windows in their 
hooded anodes, whereas Muller did not use beryllium 
windows in most of their tubes that operated at less 
than 120 Kv.P. Muller reported that they did not feel 
that the improvement in electron shielding in their lo- 
wer voltage tubes was sufficient to warrant the addi- 
tional expense of beryllium windows. 
3. A new Siemens process for coating steel balls with 
graphite for use in rotating target tubes. 
This process was reported to provide a longer life than 
the previously used process for coating steel balls with 
graphite• 
4. A new Muller process for coating steel balls with lead, 
for use in rotating target tubes. 
5. The use of thoriated tungsten filaments on a few valve 
tubes up to 120 Kv.P., by both Siemens and Muller# 
It was reported that by using thoriated tungsten fila- 
ments, they had succeeded in reducing the filament watt- 
age to about 15$ of the wattage required for pure tung- 
sten filaments, but because of the processing difficul- 
ties involved, most valve tubes were still being manufac- 
tured with pure tungsten filaments, even though a longer 
life was expected with the thoriated tungsten. 6. The construction of at least one experimental end 
ground tube with a 50 cm diameter focal spot for super- 
ficial therapy at 100 Kv.P., or lower# 
Even though many German X-Ray tubes use beryllium windows in 
their hooded anodes, no one in Germany has yet produced vac- 
uum tight beryllium windows on a production basis. Accord- 
ingly, Lindemann Glass windows are used for diffraction and 
other low voltage tubes. For tubes to be used at 10 Kv.P. 
the Lindemann glass window is approximately .06 mm thick, 
and the beryllium window of the hooded anode .1 mm thick. 
The beryllium used for hooded anode windows is as pure as 
they can obtains about 99*8$ beryllium, *1$ iron, with most 
of the remaining .1$ being crucible material. It was report- 
ed that Dr. Deisinger of Siemens, in Berlin, has done a con- 
siderable amount of work on the problem of increasing the 
purity of beryllium. 
Two diffraction tubes with titanium targets were recently 
made by Siemens for Prof. Glocker, the German ’'iron-expert” 
in the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute at Stuttgart. 
To make chromium targets, Siemens electroplates chromium to 
a thickness of 1 ram, then copper plates, and then silver sol- 
ders to the copper anode. However, they still have trouble 
with chromium targets cracking. 
Siemens used magnetic focusing on one of their diffraction 
tubes and obtained an effective focal spot size of 1 ram 
square with a 6-degree target. This tube was operated at 
45 Kv.P. and 20 ma. continuously. On other more or less ex- 
perimental tubes, Siemens has obtained effective focal spots 
as small as ,2 ram by the use of magnetic focusing and constant 
potential on the focusing coil and across the tube. They re- 
ported that they were able to operate continuously at 1 ma. 
and 50 Kv.P. with this *2 ram focal spot. 
For transmission targets, Siemens electroplates gold on cop- 
per. For 150 Kv.P. the gold is approximately .02 mm, and the 
copper 1.5 ram thick. 
Siemens frequently use columbium (niobium) in place of tanta- 
lum in X-Ray and valve tubes. In Germany, columbium was 
cheaper than tantalum, as it was a by-product of their tanta- 
lum refining process. Siemens and Halske in Berlin produced a 300 Kw. water cooled 
broadcasting tube(for frequencies up to 300 megacycles), with 
a semi-indirectly heated tantalum emitter. The heater watt- 
age was reported to be between 30 and 40 Kw. 
Most Siemens tubes use copper-glass seals* Muller uses "Kovar" 
with hard glass and chrome-iron with soft glass. Most "elec- 
tric glass" was produced in Jena. Siemens used a special pla- 
tinum glass with a de-coloring agent for some of their low 
voltage air insulated tubes. 
A 300 Kv.P., 1000 ampere (10“7 second) cold cathode tube was 
developed by Prof. Herz of Siemens and Halske in Berlin, and 
was used at the University of Nurnberg for the industrial 
radiography of fast moving parts. Prof. Muehlenkfort was re- 
ported to have done a considerable amount of work with this 
tube. 
It might be mentioned that for a number of years Siemens 
has made a comparatively small (about feet long) single 
section 600 Kv.P. X-Ray tube which is air insulated at at- 
mospheric pressure. 
As a matter of "vacuum tube interest: It was reported that 
Dr. Bowers left the Philips (Eidhoven) organization in 1939 
or 1940 after a series of arguments with the management over 
the Metalix tube design. The management, because of recom- 
mendations from the sales department, wanted to discontinue 
the air insulated Metalix design and go into the oil immersed 
tube design. It is understood that after the management won 
this argument. Dr. Bowers purchased a small optical company 
in Delft. 
Some of the industrial X-Ray tubes used by Seifert had two 
ports, and at least one tube had three ports, so that two or 
three parts could be radiographed or fluoroscopically examin- 
ed at the same time. With the end ground tube having the 
right angle target, a dozen or more parts were often radio- 
graphed at one time. 
Muller reported that their X-Ray and valve tube developmental 
work since 1938 could be summarized as follows* 
1. Work on end ground industrial X-Ray tubes. 
2. Design of a number of oil immersed tubes, since their 
policy was to change from air insulated to oil insulated 
tubes. 5* Development of two new rotating target tubes, which 
were oil insulated and similar to U. S. design. 
4. Development of a 300 Kv.P. mercury vapor, oil immersed 
rectifier. (These rectifiers were used in their "cas- 
cade circuit" neutron generators, and required 200 cy- 
cles per second, or higher, for satisfactory operation. 
X-Ray Equipment: 
The two particularly outstanding X-Ray equipment developments 
seemed to bo the exceedingly well worked out use of thick sec- 
tions of built-up paper in the construction of high tension 
coils, and the development of unusually high voltage flexible 
cables. 
Generally speaking, the practice at Siemens was to depend on 
paper instead of oil for high tension insulation, the oil beig 
used primarily to impregnate the paper, prevent the absorp- 
tion of moisture, and to provide cooling. 
The unusually high voltage flexible cable construction per- 
mitted the use of flexibly connected end ground tube heads 
atSOG Kv.P. and higher. One flexible cable, about 2-| inches 
in diameter, could be operated continuously at 300 Kv.P., 
D.C., between the center conductors and the outside ground 
sheath. This cable made use of two concentric semi-conduct- 
ing pathes,!,to reduce the extension of voids." 
Siemens had recently developed, but not put into production, 
an automatic system for use with photofluorography. This sys- 
tem automatically compensated for variations in line voltage, 
tube emission, and chest thickness and density, making use of 
a specially constructed ionization chamber which covered the 
entire film field; 
Siemens had also developed, but not yet put into production, 
a particularly compact 4 valve, oil immersed, transformer and 
control unit for 100 Kv.P. and 400 raa. During the past sev- 
eral years, they had developed and put into production an 
unusually light weight 75 Kv.P., 25 ma. transformer and tube 
head, a small army field unit for use with this head, and a 
new tube stand arrangement for their larger army field unit. 
Work was being done by Zeiss at Jena on the development, f or 
Siemens, of an improved optical system for photofluorography. Muller has recently developed, but not yet put into production, 
a 100 Kv.P,, 80 ma., diagnostic unit, and also a 150 Kv,P,, 30 
ma, unit for industrial radiography and fluoroscopy. In 1940 
they brought out an oil immersed dental head to replace their 
compound filled head. 
Muller also reported that it had been necessary for them to 
make many changes in equipment design in order to permit sub- 
stitution of materials, because of restrictions on the use of 
certain materials for X-Ray apparatus, during the past several 
years. 
Other Electro-Medical Equipment* 
During the past several years, Siemens has done a consider- 
able amount of developmental and experimental work on a super- 
sonic frequency unit for the treatment of certain nerve con- 
ditions, In this unit a piezo-electric quartz crystal gen- 
erates a frequency of about 800,000 cycles. Only a few mod- 
els of this have been produced. 
In 1942, Siemens started production of a high frequency 
’'metal searching” unit for determining the location and po- 
sition of a metal object to be removed from the body. This 
unit has been used extensively by the medical corps of the 
German army. 
In 1942, Siemens also started production of a "new and im- 
proved Eonvulsator" for administering electrical shock treat- 
ment for schizophrenia, etc. They have now produced a to- 
tal of about 200 of these units# fltra High Voltage Equipment; 
C* H* F« Muller A.-G., working in cooperation with, and under 
the direction of, the M* V* Research Association (M. V. 
Forschungs-Vereign), at Wrist, completed the construction of 
a 15 megavolt betatron about the first of this year. This 
betatron operates on 50 cycles* The average current of the 
high voltage electron beam is approximately *03 microamperes* 
The output of gamma radiation was reported to be approxi- 
mately equivalent to one kilogram of radium* This betatron 
is now installed at Wrist* 
In December, 19A4> the M. V* Research Association completed 
the calculations and layouts of a 200 megavolt betatron, to 
operate on £0 cycles* It was estimated that the average electron 
beam current of this betatron would be in the order of one 
milliampere* The total weight was expected to be approxi- 
mately 30 tons. This betatron was to be constructed by Brown 
Boveri and Cie A.-G* in Heidelberg. It is understood that 
Brown Boveri completed detailed construction drawings of this 
betatron about the first of March of this year. 
Dr« W. Muller, of C. H. F. Muller, recently constructed a very 
small 2 megavolt betatron which weighed less than 100 pounds. 
This betatron operated on 50 cycles and had a sealed off tube 
but the output was only sufficient to increase a Geiger 
counter to about three times its normal rate* 
Two betatrons had recently been constructed and were being 
tested at the Siemens-Reiniger plant in Erlangen. The first 
of these betatrons to be completed operates on 500 cycles 
and provides an electron acceleration of 6 megavolts. The 
second, most recently constructed, betatron operates on 50 
cycles and provides an electron acceleration of 7 megavolts* 
Plans were being made at this plant to construct a 50 cycle, 
15 megavolt betatron. Siemens reported that their particular 
interest in betatron development was in order to provide a 
means for experimental work with electron beam cameer therapy* 
Prof* Bierman of A.E.G., in Berlin, was reported to be work- 
ing on the design of a 20 megavolt betatron. 
During the past two years, C* H. F, Muller has constructed 
and delivered five “neutron generators11 * Three of these 
were rated at 1*5 megavolts, one at 1.2 megavolts, and one at 
.9 megavolts* They have on order, but have not yet completed. one additional neutron generator rated at *9 megavolts and 
another rated at 2*4 megavolts* These "neutron generators", 
or "deutron accelerators", accelerate ionized heavy hydrogen 
against a beryllium or a lithium target* The neutron output 
at *9 megavolts when using a beryllium target was estimated 
to be equivalent to the neutron output of 2 kilograms of 
radium plus beryllium; when using a lithium target, 3 kilo- 
grams; when using a beryllium target at 1*5 megavolts, 13 
kilograms; when using a lithium target, 8 kilograms* 
The Phillips ”cascade” circuit was used for these neutron 
generators# Although the electrical output of these genera- 
tors could be as high as 5 ma#, the ion source limited this 
equipment to 0#8 ma# for continuous operation, regardless of 
voltage# 
At 0#8 ma# the ripple was about l£, at 5 ma#, about 
The following Van de Graaff type generator installations were 
reported: 
1* Kaiser Wilhelm Institute, Heidelberg: 1 megavolt at 
1 raa. Used by Prof* Bothe for positive Ion acceleration* 
2* Tech* Hochschule, Danzig: 1 megavolt. Used by Prof* 
Kassel* 
3* Haukeland-Krankenhau, Bergen, Norway: 1*5 megavolts at 
2 raa. Used by Dr* Von Odd Dahl and Dr* B* Trumpy. 
4* Charkow, Russia: "3 or 4,f megavolts. 
5* Curie Institute, Paris. 
Cyclotron installations were reported as follows; 
1* Siemens and Halske, Berlin: A large cyclotron being 
constructed under the supervision of Prof. Herz. 
2* Curie Institute, Paris: lfLargest cyclotron on the 
continent11 • Constructed under supervision of Prof* 
Bothe during German occupation. 
3* "Niels Bohr’J Kopenhagen* 4* RuaaiaJ ’'Three or four, or more" cyclotron installa- 
tions were reported to b© in Russia* 
The only resonant transformer installation reported to be in 
use in Germany was a 600 Kv*P. installation used for demon- 
stration at the University at Kiel# 
Industrial X-ray Techniques! 
In Germany the most frequently used Industrial X-ray units 
are end grounded, magnetrically focused, and are generally 
rated at 150 Kv#P. and from 10 ma* to 30 ma*, continuously. 
These units have made it possible to work out many new in- 
dustrial radiographic and fluoroscopic techniques* 
When using an end ground tube having a long anode extension 
it is possible to locate the focal spot in otherwise inacces- 
sible internal positions in castings or welded assemblies* 
Because of the adjustable focal spot size it is often possible 
to use closer target to film distances than would otherwise 
be feasible* Because of the "360° port"of the end ground tube 
with the right angle target, many castings can be radio- 
graphed, or fluoroscoped, at one time, or a circumferential 
weld can be radiographed with one exposure* 
Most German industrial radiographic units do not exceed 200 Kv*P, 
although a few 300 Kv.P., and some 400 Kv.P. industrial radio- 
graphic installations have been made* For steel thicker than 
7*5 inches radium (mesothorium) was used* Thick sections were 
also inspected with supersonic frequencies, generally using 
20 to 30 thousand cycles, and never more than 100,000 cycles* 
In addition to magnetic arrangements for testing rails, the 
%agnetic-field-iron-filings-in-oil-bath-photographicM method 
was also reported to be in general use for detecting surface 
or sub-surface flaws in castings or other metal parts* 
Work was recently done in Germany on coloring, or changing 
the color, of precious stones by X-ray radiation* However, 
it was found that many gems reverted to their original color 
after prolonged exposure to sunlight* Medical X-ray, and Other Electro-Medical* Techniques: 
Because of the development, and production, of a number of 
end ground, "oriflcial cavity” tubes, the German radiologists 
have worked out many new contact therapy techniques and have 
obtained a very considerable amount of pertinent clinical 
data* 
During the past several years more frequent use had been made 
of heat, by high frequency, in combination with X-ray ther- 
apy for cancer* It was reported that an increase in tempera- 
ture increased the sensitivity of cancer cells but did not 
appreciably increase the sensitivity of normal cells* This 
technique was "discovered” in 1929, but was not "proven” 
until some time in 1941* 
Siemens reported that their primary interest in betatron 
development was in order to provide a means for experimental 
work with electron beam cancer therapy* They felt that some- 
thing in the order of 15 million electron volts would be re- 
quired* 
One radiologist was doing experimental work with a 100 Kv*P* 
tube having a 30 cm diameter focal spot in order to eliminate 
cross firing for light therapy* 
The lowest voltage X-ray work done in Germany was reported to 
be at 10 Kv*P* for some skin therapy techniques* 
Siemens production figures seem to indicate a trend toward 
higher milliamperage,up to 2000 ma*, for radiographic and 
photofluorographic work* 
Siemens, in collaboration with various clinics, has worked out 
new supersonic frequency techniques for treatment of certain 
nerve conditions, and also new electric shock therapy techniques* 
In collaboration with German army doctors, Siemens has also 
worked out new foreign metal object locating techniques, using 
their high frequency "Metal-Searcher",sometimes in combination 
with fluoroscopy or a previous radiographic examination* SOURCES OR SUPPLY: 
Following is a list of the German sources of supply for 
most of the special materials and products required for 
the production of X-Ray tubes and equipment; 
1* Tantalum; Siemens and Halsfce, Berlin, was the only 
producer of tantalum in Europe. Note; All of the 
tantalum ore used in Germany originally came from 
Australia. About 1939 Dr. Rolligs of Siemens and 
Halske, in Berlin, developed an economical method 
for refining tantalum from the large amount of 
refuse that had been accumulated from the previously 
used refining process# Because of this there was no 
shortage of tantalum in Germany# 
2. Columbium; Siemens and Halske, Berlin. Note; With 
Rollings 1 refining process mentioned above columbium 
(niobium) was also recovered, as a by-product, from 
the "refuse tantalum ore." Columbium was often used 
in place of tantalum, since it has many of the char- 
acteristics of tantalum and was considerably cheaper# 
3# Beryllium; Heraeus Vacuum Schmelze, Hanau (near 
Frankfurt au Main), Also; Degussa, Frankfurt au 
Main# Note; Heraus was owned by Siemens. It has 
been destroyed, and the two chief directors killed. 
Degussa supplied beryllium to Muller. 
U, Tungsten; Osram, Berlin. Also, Deutsche Edelstahl 
Werke, Berlin, factory in Heuthe in Tyrol, Austria# 
5. Molybdenum; Same as above. 
6. Glass: Schott and Genossen, Jena. Also; Glaswerk 
Fischer, Ilmenau. Also; Osram, Weisswasser (near 
Berlin) Also; Glasfalrik Weisswasser G.m#b#H*, 
Weisswasser (owned by Phillips). 
7. Oxygen free copper; Siemens and Halske, Berlin and 
Vienna. Also; Oxygen free copper sheet from Heraus 
in Hanau. 
g, Transformer Oil; Rhenania-Ossag, Hamburg. 
9. High Tension Cable; Siemens-Schuckertwerke Kabelwe*k, 
Gartenfeld bie Siemensstadt, Berlin. Also: Kabel- werk, Hheydt (near Holland), Note: Siemens- 
Schuckert made flexible cable up to 300 K.V.P., D.O., 
between the center conductors and the ground sheath. 
10* Special. High Resistance. Vlre: Dr, Schildbach 
Eheinische Feinstrahrinduetrie, Bergneustadt, Hheln- 
land. Note: This firm produced a spiral wound 
resistance wire imbedded in flexible insulation, so 
that the over-all "wire” diameter is less than one- 
eighth of an inch. The rating of this wire is 15 watts 
per meter in free air. The rating in oil is somewhat 
higher. The maximum resistance rating is 2 megohms 
per meter, but in order to obtain satisfactory per- 
formance with long lengths,,9 megohms per meter 
should not be exceeded, 
11, Insulating Papers: Note: Insulating papers were 
obtained from a number of different sources, but it 
was reported that none of these papers were as good 
as the insulating paper previously obtained from 
Finland. 
12, Insulating Liquids Other Than Oil: Note: Siemens 
reported using a liquid for condensers having a high 
dielectric constant, from 80 to 120, known as 
"Condense", and manufactured by Hescho, in Hermsdorf. 
This is possibly titanium-dioxide. They also used 
a similar liquid known as "Frequenta" which was pro- 
duced in Lauf, near Nurnberg, This is possibly 
steatite-magnesia. 
13, Fluoroscopic and Intensifying Screens: Siemens- 
Reiniger, Rudolstadt, Also: Heyden, Dresden. Also: 
Auer, Berlin. 
Special Paint: Note: I, G-. Farben, Frankfort, has 
developed a paint which changes color with temperature. 
Muller was considering the use of this paint on tube 
heads to warn of overheating. ORGANIZATION, PRODUCTION, AND GENERAL INFORMATION: 
Siemens-Reiniger-Werke A,-G», Rudolstadt: 
This organization is the largest European manufacturer of 
X-Ray tubes and valve tubes for X-Ray equipment. 
As of March, 1945, they had 550 employees. About 50 were 
engaged in the production of fluoroscopic and intensifying 
screens and other '*X-Ray Chemicals," and 100 were producing 
small amplifying and detector tubes, as part of their "war 
work" program. The remaining 400 wore involved in the design 
and production of X-Ray tubes and high voltage valve tubes 
for X-Ray equipment. 
The plant is well equipped and had not been damaged. This 
organization did its own research and engineering work for all 
of its X-Ray products. 
The following persons were interviewed at this plant? 
Dr. Albrecht Wblfel, Chief Director. 
Dr. Theodor Zimmer, Head of Physical Research Laboratory and 
X-Ray Tube Development. 
Dr. Josef Hartman, Research and Production Manager of Chemi- 
cal Department. 
Mr. Walter D0hler, Business Manager. 
Mr.Hans Frank, Sales Manager. 
Dr. Werner Jacoby. Notes Dr. Jacoby was recently evacuated 
from Vienna, where he had been in charge of research and de- 
velopment for all Siemens and Halske vacuum tubes, except 
X-Ray tubes and valve tubes for X-Ray equipment. Siemens- 
Reiniger is the only one of the many manufacturing organiza- 
tions owned or controlled by Siemens and Halske. 
The following figures will indicate the monthly production of 
this plant as of March of this years X-Ray Tubes • 800 
Valve Tubes (for X-Ray equipment). • 200 
Intensifying Screens 1,100 sq. ft* 
Fluoroscopic Screens 120 sq. ft* 
Of !,Non-X-Ray Products: 
Amplifying (repeater) Tubes 6,000 
Small gas filled detector tubes. . .20,000 
Gas filled surge protecting tubes 
for communication lines, ...... .20,000 
Siemens-Reiniger-Werke A. -» G», Erlangen: 
This organization designs and manufactures X-Ray apparatus 
and other electro-medical equipment. Tubes are supplied to 
Erlangen by the Rudolstadt plant. 
During the past several years this plant has manufactured, 
but not designed, some assemblies and parts for aircraft ra- 
dio, instrument, and control equipment. 
The plant is well equipped, and although there had been some 
damage by looting, there had been no bomb damage* 
Up to the time of occupation this plant had about 3000 em- 
ployees, approximately one-third of which were working on 
’’war work” (aircraft radio assemblies, etc.), another third 
on X-Ray equipment, and the remaining third on other electro- 
medical equipment. During 1944, there was an average total 
of about 6000 employees in all Siemens-Reiniger organizations, 
including sales and service nersonnel. 
This plant has a total floor area of approximately 400,000 
square feet. As of the first of this year, the total monthly 
payroll was about 450,000 marks. 
The following persons were interviewed at this plants 
Dr, Max F, Anderlohr, Chief Director of both Erlangen and Ru- 
dolstadt plants. 
Dr. Johannes Patzold, Chief of Research & Development Labor- 
atories • 
Mr, Kurt Bischcff, Chief of X-Ray Development (under Patzold), Dr. Walter Hoffman, Chief of Patent Department of both Erlang- 
en and Rudolstadt plants. 
Mr. Karl Silbermann, Liaison Officer on X-Ray and valve tubes 
between Erlangen and Rudolstadt plants. 
Dr. Theo. Sehmer, Sales and Service Manager. 
Dr. Karl Lasser, Technical Director of Sales and Service. 
Dr. Albert Marcus, M.D., Specialist on “Electrical Medicine.” 
(Sehmer, Lasser and Marcus were recently evacuated from the 
Siemens-Reiniger Berlin Office). 
The average production of this plant during the past year is 
indicated below: 
A. Transformer & Control Units for Therapy: 
1200 Kv.P.-5 ma., per year. ••••• 1 
400 Kv.P,,5 raa., per year. •••••••••• 3 
200 Kv.P.,30 ma., per month. 12 
120 Kv.P.,8 ma., per month 3 
60 Kv.P.,5 to 8 ma. for Contact Therapy, per 
mo nth............ ........ 3 
B, Transformer & Control Units Primarily for Radiography 
& Fluoroscopy, but Occasionally Used for Superficial 
Therapy1 
100 Kv.P., 2000 ma. (Condenser Discharge), 
per month ••••••• • 2 
100 Kv.P,, 1000 ma. (3 phase) per month ... 3 
120 Kv.P., 800 ma. (full wave) per month • • 4 
120 Kv.P., 400 ma. (full wave) per month. • . 16 
120 Kv.P., 200 ma. (full wave) per month. • • 11 
120 Kv.P., 80 ma. (half wave) per month . . .23 90 Kv.P., 50 ma. (self-rectified) per month . 20 
75 Kv.P., 25 ma. (self-rectified) per month . 15 
60 Kv.P., 15 ma. (self-rectified, sphere, in- 
cluding Dental) per month .....150 
C. Other X-Ray or Electro-Medical Units: 
Photofluorographic Units, per month •••••• 8 
H. F. Metal Searcher (Production started 1942. 
About 1000 units in all have been produced for 
the Amy), per month. 30 
Electrical Shock Treatment Unit (200 total 
since 1942) per month ••••••••••••• 7 
Six Meter H. F. Diathermy Unit, (12,000 total 
since 1933) per month ••••••••••••• 150 
H. F. Surgical Knife (all models) per month . • 15 
One Meter H. F. Diathermy Unit (10 were made in 
1937 and 1938; none since because magnetrons 
could not be obtained)••••••»••*••• 0 
Cassettes (all sizes,) per month , 800 
Bucky-Pottsr Diaphragms, (moving grids) per mo. 75 
Bucky-Potter Diaphragms (fixed grids) per month 180 
Motor-Pantostat (Universal Electro-Medical Unit) 
per month 35 
Mechanical Dental Machines, per month • • , • • 120 
D. Additional Equipment: 
Note: Much additional X-Ray and electro-medical equip- 
ment was made at this plant, such as tube stands, tilt- 
ing tables, vertical fluoroscopes, stereoscopes, etc. C,H,F. Mttller, A.-G., Hamburg-Fuhlsbuttel, Rontgenstrasse 24> 
This company designed and manufactured X-Ray tubes and housings, 
valve tubes for X-Ray equipment, X-Ray equipment, and high 
voltage generators for deutron acceleration (neutron gener- 
ators)* 
During the past several years they have also manufactured, in 
accordance •with specifications supplied by other organizations, 
underwater sound equipment assemblies, low voltage aircraft 
electrical equipment sub-assemblies, and gas filled tubes 
for use in communications circuits. 
As of the first of this year, MSller had approximately 500 
employees* Of these, about 170 were engaged in the production 
of X-Hay tubes and housings *and valve tubes for X-Ray equip- 
ment - 
160 were working on X-Ray equipment, 
65 on underwater sound equipment, 
55 on communications tubes, and 
20 on high voltage generators for deutron acceleration* 
This plant has a total floor area of approximately 80,000 
square feet. It is well equipped, and had not been damaged. 
The following persons were interviewed at this plant; 
Mr. Otto Gundermann, Administration Manager, 
Dr, Werner Fehr, Assistant Manager. 
Mr, Alfred Kuntke, Chief Research & Development Engineer, 
Mr. Kurt Weigel, Manager of X-Ray Tube Division, 
Mr, Arthur Lipphaus, Mechanical Engineer. 
Mr. Adolph Hoffmann, "Construction" Engineer. 
Up to the time of the occupation. Dr, Hans Ritz had been the 
Technical Manager, Dr, Walther Muller the Chief Physicist, and 
Mr. Wilhelm Daumann the Chief "Construction” Engineer, but, 
several weeks after occupation, all three of these men were 
dismissed on instructions from the Philips organization in 
Eidhoven, It was reported that these men were dismissed be- 
cause they had been active members of the Nazi party. The Muller production for the month of January 1945 was ap- 
proximately as foliowst 
A. X-Ray Tubes and Valve Tubes for X-Ray Equipment i 
Valve Tubes, 150 Kv.P. or higher • •••••«.• 30 
Valve Tubes, lower than 150 Kv.P. • ••••••• 100 
End Ground X-Ray Tubes, 150 Kv.P. or higher, 10 
to 20 ma., {about 50/. of these were magnetical- 
ly focused). , • *•••••..«••• 6, 
End Ground X-Ray Tubes, lower than 150 Kv.P., (ex- 
cluding diffraction tubes), rated at 10 ma. and 
not magnetically focused ••••••••••••• 2 
Center ground therapy tubes, 200 Kv.P., 10 and 
20 ma. ••••••• 5 
Center ground therapy tubes, 400 Kv.P., 6 ma. 
(They have made only 6 or 7 of these tubes dur- 
ing the past 10 years) , . 0 
Center ground radiographic or fluoroscopic tubes a 
10 ma., 60 Kv.P., self rectified, oil insulated 40 
15 ma., 60 Kv.P., self rectified, air insulated 50 
80 ma., 100 Kv.P,, including oil and air in- 
sulated tubes, but most of which were air 
insulated. • •••.••••••••..«• 60 
120 ma., 100 Kv.P., most of which were air 
insulated. •••••••••••••.••. 10 
200 ma., 100 Kv.P., rotating target, most of 
which were air insulated ••«••••«•. 30 
400 ma., 100 Kv.P., rotating target, most of 
which were air insulated 30 
500 ma., 100 Kv.P,, rotating target, oil in- 
sulated. (A total of only 3 or 4 of 
these tubes have been made). •••.•••« 1 
Diffraction Tubes, all types • 15 
Gernst Ray 10 Kv.P., Tubes (only 3 or 4 of these 
tubes have been made during the last several years) 0 B. Transformer and Control Units for Therapy: 
60 Kv.P., 2 ma., (10 were made in 1939, Only re- 
pairs during the past two years) 0 
200 Kv.P., 10 ma., (10 were made in 1939* Only 
repairs during past two years). , . 0 
C. Transformer and Control Units Primarily for Radiography: 
10 ma., 60 Kv.P., self rectified, for dental and 
field work 35 
40 ma,, 100 Kv.P,, self rectified, (me.de at Philips 
plant in Einhoven since 1939) ..•••••••• 0 
200 ma., 100 Kv.P., 4 valve (no production since 
1939) 0 
400 ma., 100 Kv.P,, condenser dischargej (about 
15 were made in 1940, no production since then). • 0 
D. Transformer and Control Units for Industrial Radiography 
and Fluoroscopy: ' 
150 Kv.P., 20 ma., (about 15 yearly) 1 
300 Kv.P., 10 ma., (about 2 yearly). ••••••• 0 
E. X-Ray Diffraction Transformer & Control Units: 
30 ma.,,at 50 Kv.P., (60 ma. at 25 Kv.P, for some 
targets) • ••<>••••. 3 
F. Other X-Ray Products: 
Simple Tube Stands, Dark Room Equipment, Cassettes, and 
other X-Ray accessories. (Other X-Ray equipment was made 
in Eidhoven or purchased by Muller, for resale, from 
other German manufacturers). G. Other ftNon-X-Ray11 Products x 
Neutron-Generators (five have been completed since 
1943) . . . . 
Gas filled rectifiers for communications circuits • 1500 
Under water sound equipment, electrical aircraft 
sub-assemblies, etc. ••••••••« • ••••• 
Rich, Seifert & Company, Hamburg* 
Seifert was the largest manufacturer of industrial X-Ray 
equipment in Germany. The output of this firm in industrial 
X-Ray equipment was bhree or four times as large as their 
medical X-Ray equipment output. 
Seifert purchased tubes from Seimens, Muller, and A.S.G., 
and manufactured only a few pump connected tubes. 
At the first of this year the total number of employees was 
about 350, and the total floor space occupied about 50,000 
square feet. 
Mr. Richard Seifert and several of his employees were inter- 
viewed. 
The Seifert average monthly production as of January, 1945, 
was approximately as follows* 
A* Pulsating (Villard) Transformer and Control Units: 
125 Kv.P,, 10 ma., end ground • ••••..»••• 1 
150 Kv.P., 10 ma., end ground 2 
150 Kv.P., 30 ma., end ground , 1 
250 Kv.P., 10 ma., center ground ••••.•••• 6 
250 Kv.P., 10 ma., center ground, arranged for al- 
ternate operation at 150 Kv.P., 1 ma., end 
ground, constant potential, (only 9 produced 
during last five years) .•••..•••••• 0 
300 Kv.P., 10 ma., center ground 1 400 Kv.P,, 6 ma., center ground* (One produced 
-in 1940; none since then) • 0 
B. Constant Potential Transformer and Control Units: 
150 Kv.P., 10 ma., end ground 1 
150 Kv.P,, 30 ma., end ground 1 
200 Kv.P,, 30 ma., center ground, ..•••••• 2 
j 
C* Four Valve Transformer and Control Units: 
I ■ ■■ ■■■■ ■ „ !■ ■ . ■■—■■■ ■ ■ ■ , ■ . 
120 Kv.P., 40 ma. continuously, up to 500 ma. 
for short exposures, center ground •••••••• 1 
D, Six Valve, Three Phase, Transformer and Control Units: 
120 Kv.P., 100 ma. continuously, up to 1000 ma, 
for short exposures. (Only two produced in last 
two years). .•...•••••••••••••• 0 
t 
E, Diffraction Transformer and Control Units; 
60 Kv.P., 30 ma., end ground •••..«•••• 1 
F, Special Units: 
Note: ' During the past several years Seifert has 
constructed two 80 Kv.P., 5 ma., constant potential 
units; one 75 Kv.P., 1 ma., 500 cycle unit for use 
with electron microscope; one 100 Kv.P., 5 ma., 500 
cycle unit for "laboratory purposes;” and ten or 
more 60 Kv.P., "fine structure' units, Seifert also 
produced a number of special tube stand and fluoro- 
scopic arrangements for industrial vork, and a few 
more or less standard tube stand and fluoroscopic 
arrangements for medical work. 
Metallgussgesellschaft, Leipzig; 
This plant produced light metal castings for aircraft engine^ including castings for the Jumo 109.004 Jett engine. As of 
the fir$t of this year, this plant had 5500 employees, and 
produced about 400 tons of aluminum and magnesium alloy 
castings per month. 
Throughout the foundry there were ten separate X-Ray examin- 
ation locations. Although much of the X-Ray equipment had 
been removed or destroyed by the management, the following ob- 
servations may be of interest: 
1. It seemed that each location had been composed of. two or 
more radiographic installations. Several fluoroscopic 
installations were found, 
2. In all, it appeared that from twenty to twenty-five radio - 
graphic installations, from three to five fluoroscopic 
installations, and from five to ten dark room installa- 
tions, had been in use. 
3. All of the equipment examined had been manufactured by 
Seifert, in Hamburg, and used A.E.G., 150 Kv.P., end 
ground, magnetically focused tubes. 
4. It was reported that critical portions of every casting 
were examined either radiographically or fluoroscopi- 
cally, and that the average figure for rejects was 
about ES/'o. 
Siemens Organizations: 
The "main seat" of the Siemens organizations was Siemens & 
Halske, A,-G., at Berlin. It was reported that this firm 
controlled or partially controlled the following organiza- 
tions : 
Siemens-Reiniger-Werke, Berlin, (with plants in Rudol- 
stadt and Erlangen). 
Siemens-Schuckertwer ke, Berlin. 
Siemens Plania Works, Berlin. 
3iemens Building Company, Berlin, 
Electric Light & Power Company, Berlin. Electrical Plant Company, Berlin, 
Gas & Electric Company, Berlin, 
Southwest Electrical Power Company, Berlin. 
Electrical Machinery Company, Berlin, 
German Telephone & Cable Works, Berlin, 
Heliowatt Electrical Y/orlcs, Berlin, 
* 
R. Stock & Company, Berlin. 
Dr, Cassirer & Company, Berlin, 
United Railway Signals Works, Berlin, 
"Inag” Industrial Undertakings Company, Berlin. 
Elektri z itat-Akti enge s ells chaft, Nur©mburg• 
Electrical & Street Car Company, Landsberg, 
Zell Electricity Works, Wiesental, 
Saal Electrical Power Company, Saalfeld, 
Zoppet Electrical Power Company, Zoppot. 
Jena Electrical Power Company, Jena, 
Bavarian Electrical Power Company, Munich, 
Thuringian Electricity Delivery Company, Gotha, 
Greater Kassel Street Car Company, Kassel, 
Electrical Exploitation Company, Glarus. 
Electrical Plant Company, Basel, 
Brunswick Industrial Company, Brunswick, 
Austrian Siemens Schuckertwerke, Vienna, In addition to the above, Siemens was reported to have "con- 
tracts and agreements" with the following foreign firms be- 
fore the war started* 
Afghanistan: "Sita" Shoquehie Industrials Tregtare 
Company , Tirana. 
Algiers: Continental Electrical Company. 
Argentina* Siemens Sohuckert Company, Buenos Aires 
* 
Austria* Siemens & Halsko, Vienna. 
Australia* New Systems Telephone Ltd., Sydney; also 
Golin & Company, Melbourne. 
Belgium* Siemens Company, Brussels. 
Brazil* Siemens-Schuckert, Rio de Janiero. 
Britain* Siemens-Schuckert Great Britain Company, 
London• 
Bulgaria* Siemens Bulgarian Electrical Company, Sofia 
Chile* Siemens-Schuckert, Antofagasta. 
Chinas Siemens China Company, Shanghai. 
Colombia: Curacao Business Company, Curacao. 
Danzig* Siemens & Company, City of Danzig. 
Denmark? Siemens Electrical Company, Copenhagen. 
Dutch East 
Indies: 
Siemens-Netherlands Company, Batavia. 
Egypt* Siemens Orient Company, Cairo# 
El Salvador: F. Giessler, San Salvador. 
Finland; Siemens Electrical Company, Abo. 
Frances ’’Siemens France,” Paris, 
Greece; Alexander Zachariou Technical Company, 
Athens• Guatemala* Tope & Company, Guatemala City# 
Hungary* Siemens Hungarian Electrical Company, 
Budapest. 
Iceland* Messrs. Paul Smith, Reykjavik. 
Ireland* Siemens-Schuokert Ireland Company, Dublin. 
Iran* Shakrokh Brothers, Teheran. 
Italy* Siemens Company, Milan. 
Japan* Siemens-Sohuckert, Tokio. 
Letland* Letland Siemens Company, Riga. 
Lithuania* A, Putrimas & Company, Kaunas. 
Luxemburg* Siemens & Company, Luxemberg, 
Memel* Messrs. A. Wittenberg, Memel, 
Mexico* "Siemens-Mexico,” Asuncion. 
Netherlands: Siemens-Netherlands Company, s*Gravenhage. 
Morocco; "Siemens France," Casablanca 
New Zealdnd* Golin & Company, Wellington. 
Norway* Siemens Norwegian Company, Oslo. 
f 
Peru: Hans G. Ritterman, Lima. 
Portugal* Siemens Electrical Company, Lisbon. 
Portuguese- 
Guinea* 
Ultramarina Company, Bissau 
Rumania* Eugen Behles & Company, Bucharest. 
South Africa* Siemens & Company, Johannesburg* 
Spain* Siemens Electrical Industries Company, 
Barcelona, Madrid, etc# 
Sudan* Siemens & Company, Tunis. Sumatra: Carl Schliepper Man, Company, Medan. 
Sweden: Siemens Company, Stockholm. 
Switzerland* Siemens Electrical Products, Lausanne. 
Thailand* B, Grimm & Company, Bankok, 
Turkey: Muhendis Tarnapol, Stamboul, 
United States: Siemens Incorporated, New York, 
Uraguay: Eugenio Barth & Company, Montevideo, 
\ 
Venezuela: Schnell & Company, Caracas, 
N. V. Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken, Eindhoven, Holland: 
The parent Philips organization is N. V, Philips Gloeilam- 
penfabrieken, located at Eindhoven, Holland, 
During the last part of 1944, the Eindhoven plant had about 
15,000 employees. It was estimated that about 500 of these 
employees were working on X-Ray and other electro-medical 
equipment, 4,500 on airforce radio equipment, 5,000 on 
radio tubes, and 5,000 on incandescent lamps* 
The Eindhoven plant not only produced substantially the same 
X-Ray tubes and equipment that were being manufactured at the 
Muller plant, but also higher powered transformer and control 
units, tube stands, tilting tables, quartz lamps, short wave 
diathermy equipment, etc. 
Following is a list of the organizations which were reported 
to be owned and controlled by Philips as of 1944s 
1. G, H, F, Muller Aktiengesellschaft, Hamburg. (Pre- 
viously described in this report). 
2. Philips Valvo-Werke G.m.b.H., Hamburg; also known 
as Radiorohrenfabrik G.m.b.H, (The Hamburg plant 
employed about 4,000 and manufactured radio tubes. 
This firm also had a plant in Aachen which produced 
radio sens, but this plant was destroyed by bombs 
in 1942. The sales office of this firm was in Ber- 
lin), 3, Studiengesellschaft ftir Elektronengerate G.m.b.H,, 
Hamburg, (This organization functioned as the en- 
gineering and research department for the above men- 
tioned radio tube plant at Hamburg, They were re- 
ported to have about 100 employees), 
4, G, Kargen, A.-G., Berlin, (Manufactured, machine 
tools. No estimate on number of employees), 
5, Glasfabrik Weisswasser, G.m.b.H,, Weisswasser/o.S, 
(Produced glass, particularly for vacuum tube re- 
quirements, About 200 employees), 
6, Philips Elektro-Special G.m.b.H,, Berlin, (Manu- 
factured measuring instruments, cathode ray oscill- 
oscopes, end other laboratory equipment. Also sold 
other Eindhoven products. About 300 employees), 
7, Rectron G.m.b.H., Berlin. (Manufactured heavy duty 
mercury vapor rectifiers and also sold other Eind- 
hoven produced rectifiers. About 100 employees). 
I'.'ie above figures .indicate that the total number of employees 
of all of the European Philips organizations, as of 1944, 
was slightly more than 20,000, 
German X-Ray Industry: 
Following is a list of most of the manufacturers of X-Ray 
tubes and equipment in Germany, indicating the approximate 
number of employees, not including sales and service person- 
nel, working on X-Ra.y products, as of 1944* 
1* Siemens-Reiniger-Werke A.-G., Rudolstadt, 
X-Ray Tubes and Screens 450 
2. Siemens-Reiniger-Werke A.-G., Erlangen, 
X-Ray Equ ipment 1,000 
3* C,H,F, Mttller, Haraburg-Fuhlsbflttel, 
X-Ray Tubes and Equipment 330 
4. A.E.G, RBhnrenwerk Oberspree, Berlin, Ober- 
schonwe icier Str. Industrial and Therapy 
X-Ray and valve tubes 2qq 
(Dr. Traub, Director of X-Ray Tube Production) 5. Radiologie Rontgenrohrenfabrik, A.Q. Recently 
moved from Berlin to Gera, Admiral Scheer 
Str. 10* 100 Kv.P. Valve tubes fot* X-Ray 
Diagnostic Equipment. (Mr. Gloger, Director) 40 
6. Otto Kiesewetter, Rudolstadt 
Valve Tubes for X-Ray Equipment 10 
7* Koch and Stertzel, Dresden 
X-Ray Equipment and Valve Tubes 600 
8* Sanitas, Berlin, Karlstrasse 
X-Ray Equipment and Dental X-Ray Tubes 200 
9. Seifert, Hamburg, Herman-Behn-Weg 7-11 
X-Ray Equipment for Industrial Radiography 
and Fluoroscopy 300 
10. Ritter, Freiburg im Breisgan 
Dental X-Ray Equipment 250 
11* Marhold, Vienna 
X-Ray Equipment (Primarily Fluoroscopic Tables) 50 
12* Siemens and Halske A.-G., Berlin, Siemenstadt, 
X-Ray Equipment for Industrial Radiographic, 
Fluoroscopic and Diffraction work 500 
Total 3,780 
The four "most important” X-Ray physicists in Germany were re- 
ported to bej 
!• Prof. Behnken, Physikalisch Technische Reichsan- 
stalt, Berlin. (Dosemetry)* 
2. Prof. Friedrich, Institute fflr Strahlenkunde, Ber- 
lin. (Radiation research)* 
3. Prof. Grebe, Bonn. (Cloud Chamber work)* 
4. Prof. Kulenkarapff, University of Jena. (X-Ray 
spectrum) • The most important radiologists and X-Ray clinics in Germany 
wore reported to be: 
1# Dr. Zimmer and Prof. Timofeef-Ressovsky, Kaiser Wil- 
helm Institute for Brain Research, Berlin, Buch. 
(Work on borderline of X-Ray physics and biology)# 
2. Prof. Langendorf, Radiological Institute Freiburg 
im Brsisgan. (X-Ray physios and biology). 
3# Prof. Chaoul, Charite, Berlin. (Low voltage ther- 
apy). 
4. Prof# Holthusen, St, Georg Hospital, Hamburg# 
(Deep therapy and diagnostic work)# 
5# Stadtkrankenh.aus, Frankfort. Prof. Holfelder died 
in 1944. (Diagnostic and therapy). 
6# Prof. Wintz,Brauanklinik, Erlangen. (Therapy)# 
7# Prof. Knothe, Berlin. (Chairman of German Roentgen 
Society)• 
8# Prof. Grashey, Cologne University. (Diagnostic 
work). 
APPENDIX: 
Copies of the following documents, which were obtained in 
Germany, have been turned over to "the Secretariat, C.I.O.S. : 
1-A. Design and Manufacturing Information Regarding X-Ray 
'Tubes and Valve Tubes for X-Ray Equipment! 
1«*A-1. Muller, 150 Kv.P., End Ground Industrial X-Ray 
Tube* Complete design and manufacturing draw- 
ings and specifications# 
l-A-2. Muller, "Small,9 Oil Insulated Rotating Tar- 
get Tube* complete design and manufacturing 
drawings and specifications# 
l-A-3. Muller, "Large,” Oil Insulated Rotating Tar- 
get Tube: complete design and manufacturing 
drawings and specifications; including vacuum 
ball bearing processing data. l-A-4. Muller, "Festanoden," Oil Insulated Radio- 
graphic Tube: complete design and manufac- 
turing drawings and specifications* 
l-A-5. Muller, Diffraction Tube: complete design 
and manufacturing drawings and specifications* 
l-A-6* Muller, "Rohre E 60/10," Oil Insulated Radio- 
graphic and Fluoroscopic Tube: complete de- 
sign and manufacturing drawings and specifica- 
tions • 
l-A-7* Siemens, (Rudolstadt:) Photographs of sub- 
stantially all Siemens X-Ray and valve tubes, 
and description of process for making vacuum 
bearings* 
l-A-8* Siemens, Rudolstadt: Photographs of tube 
manufacturing, testing, and experimental 
equipment. 
l-A-9* Muller, Anode Casting; Writeup of hydrogen 
casting of tube anodes* 
l-A-10. Muller, Thoriated Filaments; Writeup of 
process for thoriating filaments for valve 
tubes for X-Ray equipment, 
1-A-ll* Muller: Photographs of X-Ray tubes and 
tube heads• 
l-A-12* Muller: X-Ray tube Rating Charts. 
1- Seifert, Industrial X-Ray Tubes: Photo- 
graphs and drawings showing magnetic focus- 
ing arrangements, etc. 
2-A. Design and Manufacturing Information Covering X-Ray 
Fluoroscopic and Intensifying Screens and Other irX- 
Ray Chemicals P1 
2- Siemens (Rudolstadt) Report bjr Dr. Hartmann, 
May 15, 1945, covering Manufacturing Process- 
es for all Siemens Screens and "X-Ray Chemicals." 
2-A-2. Siemens (Rudolstadt) Photographs of Laboratory 
and Equipment for Developing and Manufacturing 
Screens and Other "X-Ray Chemicals." 3-A* Design and Manufacturing Information Covering X-Ray 
Equipment Other than Tubes, Screens o r Chemicals: 
3-A-l* Muller, 150 Kv.P., End Ground Industrial X-Ray 
Tube Head Complete with Focusing Coil, High 
Tension Bushings and High Tension Cables 
complete design and manufacturing drawings 
and specifications* 
5-A-2* Muller, 60 Kv.P., 10 ma*. Diagnostic Trans- 
former and Tube Head, Complete with Brackets 
complete design and manufacturing drawings 
and specifications* 
3-A-3* Siemens, 75 Kv.P. at 25 ma., (with 80 Kv.P* 
Inverse Voltage), High Tension Coil, Filament 
Secondary and Tube Support Assemblyj assembly 
and cross section drawing and winding spec- 
ifications* 
3-A-4* Si©mens (Erlangen) Transformer Oil Handling 
end Processing Information: Report on Sie- 
mens procedure* 
3-A-5. Seifert, End Ground, Industrial and Other X-Ray 
Equipment: Photographs showing external and in- 
ternal construction of transformer and control 
units, diffraction units and cameras, tube 
heads, shutters, tube stands, industrial fluor- 
oscopic units, dosimeters and special setups* 
3-A-6. Seifert, Diffraction X-Ray Equipment and Other 
Information: Special writeup, with photographs 
of Seifert diffraction equipment and other 
Seifert data. 
3-A-7* Seifert, Wiring Diagrams? Wiring diagrams of 
all Seifert equipment* iHU X-Ray Sales Bulletins and Instruction Pamphlets, etc.i 
U-A-l• Muller, X-Ray Tube Sales and Technical 
Bulletins* 
U-A-2, Siemens, X-Ray Therapy Equipment Sales 
Bulletins* 
U-A-3. Siemens, Radiographic and Fluoroscopic Equip- 
ment Sales Bulletins* 
U-A-U. Muller, X-Ray Therapy Equipment Sales 
Bulletins* 
ii-A-5. Muller, Radiographic and Fluroscopic Equip- 
ment Sales Bulletins* 
U-A-6, Muller, Technique instruction Booklets for 
Loir Powered Radiographic Units* 
U-A-7 • Muller, Instruction Manual for 150 Kv*P* End 
Ground Industrial Tube Head* 
U-A-8. Muller, Instruction Manual for 60 Kv*P. Trans- 
former and Tube Head. 
5-A. X-Ray Technical Articles: 
5-A-l, Technical Papers regarding X-Ray Tube and 
Equipment Design, ”Special Set-Ups”, Industrial 
Techniques, etc* 
5-A-2• X-Ray Technical Papers regarding Industrial 
Radiographic and Fluoroscopic Techniques 
and Equipment* 6- Electro-Medical (Other Than X-Ray) and Dental 
Equipment Information! “ 
6-A-l. Booklet, ‘♦Die Hochfrequenztechnik in de 
Medizin,** by Johannes Patzold, on High 
Frequency Techniques in Medicine, in- 
cluding Diathermy, Electro-Surgery, 
Metal Foreign Body Location, and Super- 
sonic Frequency Nerve Treatment; Pub- 
lished 19U3* 
6-A-2. Siemens, “Metal-Searcher,** (for locating 
Metal Foreign Bodies)i Technical Articles 
regarding equipment and techniques, technical 
write-up and instruction manual, wiring dia- 
gram and assembly and cross section drawings 
of probes. 
6-A-3• Siemens, “Konvulsator** (Electric Shock 
Therapy Unit); Technical articles regarding 
equipment and techniques, instruction manual, 
and wiring diagram. 
6-A-U. Siemens, “Ultraschallgenerator,** (Supersonic 
Frequency Unit for Treatment of certain 
Nerve Conditions)} Description of equipment 
and instruction manual, photographs of unit, 
and assembly and cross section drawing of 
piezo-electric supersonic generator. 
6-A-5. Siemens, Electro-Medical Sales Bulletins. 
6- -6. Siemens, Dental “Mechanical“ equipment. 
7- Patent Applications and Patents} 
7- Siemens-Reiniger Patent Application and 
Patent Drawings} Complete set of all 
Siemens-Reiniger patent application and 
patent drawings from September 2, 19U2 to 
March 15, 19U5; 87 drawings. 
7-A-2 Siemens-Reiniger Patent Application and 
Patent Drawings} Complete set of all 
Siemens-Reiniger patent applications and 
drawings from August 2, 1938 to August 5, 
19U2; 223 drawings 7-A-3. Muller, Patent Applications! February U, 
19Uli to March 10, 19Uf>; 17 applications* 
7-A-U* Muller Patent Applications? June 23, 19U3 
to November 1£, 19U3; k applications* 
7-A-5* Muller Patent Applications and Patents? 
March 9, 19U2 to November 26, 19U2; Ik 
applications and patents. 
7-A-6. Muller Patent Applications and Patents? 
February 7, 19Ul to December 23, 19ljl; 
2k applications and patents* 
7-A-7* Muller Patent Applications and Patents? 
February 12, 19ii0 to November 2$, 19U0; 
8 applications and patents* 
7-A-8. Muller Patent? December 18, 1939; 1 
patent* 
7-A-9* Muller Patent Applications? Without 
Dates; 3 applications* 
7- Seifert Patents? April 18, 1935> and 
November 2f>, 1939; 2 patents* 
8- X-fiay Industry Information of a General Nature? 
8- •* Philips? Chart showing European organi- 
zations owned by Philips, including 
C*H.F. Muller. 
8- Seifert? General write-up and production 
figures; Ik sheets* 
9- Information Relating to nSpecial High Voltage 
Equipment ? 
9- • Muller,.9 to 2.2 Megavolt Neutron 
Generators? Technical descriptions, 
wiring diagrams, assembly drawings, 
beryllium and lithium target data* 9-A-2• Muller, 300 Kv.P. Rectifier and Surge 
Suppressing Unit for use with Neutron 
Generators: Assembly and detailed 
drawings and specifications; U8 sheets* 
9-A-3* 1*5 Megavolt, 2 ma., «Van de Graaff Type" 
Generator: Technical description of 
installation at Bergen, Norway* 330. £.S.£A.R. 30/8/45.