ITEM No. 24 
COPY No. 38 
FILE No. I-9&I0, II-9 
MEDICAL RESEARCH IN PARIS 
COMBINED INTELLIGENCE OBJECTIVES 
SUBCOMMITTEE MEDICAL RESEARCH IN PARIS 
3 September 1944* 
REPORTED BY 
LI. Col. William a, Howard, MC.,IBA.,Hi. ,ET0U5A 
Commander R* Cannon Eley, MCo,lSNR.,IB Embassy London 
CIOS TARGET NUTTERS. 
24/ 18(a),24/l8(b), 24/19, 24/19(a) 
Medical 
COMBINED INTELLIGENCE OBJECTIVES SUB -COMMITTEE 
G-2 Division (Rear), APO U3* TABLE OF CONTENTS 
Subject Page Ho* 
Introduction 3 
I# Pasteur Institute, 28 Hue du Docteur Houx 3 
(a) Penicillin 3 
(b) Typhus Jj. 
(c) Diphtheria 5 
(d) Tetanus 6 
(e) Bacterial Vaccines 6 
(f) Gas Gangrene* 7 
(g) Rabies Vaccine Q 
(h) Sulfonamides * 8 
(i) Preservation of Milk 8 
(j) Laboratory Equipment 8 
(k) Personalities 9 
II# Union Intersyndicale 10 
III# Rhone-Poulenc Laboratories 10 
IV* Distillerie de Deux - Sevres 11 
V. Institute Rationale d* Hygiene 11 
VI# Pasteur Institute, 28 Rue du Remorquent 11 
PERSONNEL OF TEAM 
William A. Howard, Lt. Col., MO., DBA, ETOIBA, (Captain). 
H. Cannon Eley. Commander, (MC), DBNR, U«3. Babassy,London. 
A.E. Francis, Lt. Col., HAMC, Everleigh Vaccine Laboratory, 
Arthur P. Long, Lt. Col., MC IB A, IQ. ETOIBA. 
Hamilton 30uthworth, MD, 03RD, UJ3. Babassy, London. 
L.i. Waters, MD, 0S.RD, U.S. Bnbassy, London. Report of Msdieal investigating Team# 
INTRODUCTION 
Official targets of the Medical investigating Team weret- 
a# Pasteur Institute, No# 28 Rue du Docteur Roux - 24/l8a 
b# Pasteur Institute, Garches# - 24/18b 
c. Union Intersyndioale, 44 Hue du Colisees# 
d# Distillerie de Deux-Sevres, Melle. - 24/19 
e# Rhone-Poulenc Laboratories. - 24/19a 
I Pasteur Institute 
The laigest and most important of the targets was the Pasteur 
Institute# The main portion of the Institute is on the Rue du Docteur 
Roux, while the section at Garches deals primarily with the production 
of serums and toxoids, chiefly those for the prevention and treatment of 
diphtheria and tetanus. The director of the Institute is a Doctor of 
physical Sciences, Dr# Jacques Trefouel, while the director of that 
part of the Institute located at Garches is Dr. Gaston Ramon# All work 
in the Institute is supervised by chiefs of sections, each of whom has 
a special field of endeavor# The functions and accomplishments of the 
Institute can best be described by considering individual subjects which 
were investigated rather than by describing each department or section# > 
a Penicillin^ 
The Pasteur Institute up to the present time has 
been preparing only small amounts of penicillin sufficient to meet its 
own small needs for therapeutic purposes# penicillin is produced from 
a single strain of penicillium, namely P. notatum-«4222 (Fleming)# The 
Rhone-Poulene Laboratories are using the same strain, which was furnished 
to them by the Pasteur Institute# During the five weeks prior to this 
investigation, no penicillin had been manufactured, largely due to the 
lack of supplies, culture media, etc# Before this time the production 
of penicillin was approximately units per week# A program had 
been devised to increase this output to approximately 50° grams per week, 
the material having a strength of 60 to 100 units per milligram. This 
would increase the output to between 30 million and 5® million units per 
week# Dr. Nitti has succeeded in preparing a few gramsof penicillin 
which he claims has a strength of 8,000 units per milligram# The amounts 
of penicillin presently being prepared in the Institute are insignificant 
in comparison with the quantities manufactured in the United States and 
Great Britain# 
(2) P# noteturn is grown only on surface cultures and the 
liquor has a strength of approximately 20 units of penicillin per cc# 
(3) The material produced has been used principally in 
staphylococcal and pneumococcal types of infection, a total of 3° pati- 
ents having been treated# penicillin has also been used in ophthalmic infection* both by direct application to the conjunctiva and by sub- 
conjunctival injection* 
(k)I Penicillium corylophHum M is a strain which was 
obtained from Holland and which has been used by Dr. Levaditi. This 
strain differs from Penicillium notatum in that it does not produce peni- 
cillin. Ihe substance which is produced is called corylophillin by 
Levaditi. It is active in vitro but has no action in vivo. It is not 
toxic to animals even in large doses. This substance does not appear to 
have any therapeutic value. A culture of Penicillium corylophilum DX 
was obtained by Col. Francis. 
b. I Typhus y 
The section on typhus of the Pasteur Institute is 
under the direction of Dr* Giroud. Hie typhus laboratory is an integral 
part of that portion of the Institute on the Rue du Docteur Roux. 
(2) Dr. Giroud maintains two strains of classic typhus 
virus? one is the Tunis strain, which has already been made available to 
experimenters in this field in the United States and Great Britain? the 
other is a strain obtained from the Warsaw epidemic of 1941* Guinea pigs 
infected with these two strains have been taken to London by Major T. E« 
Woodward of the United States of America Typhus Commission. In Dr. 
Giroud*s laboratory, the seed strains are maintained by weekly passage 
through rabbits. 
(3) The vaccine produced is the Durand-Giroud rabbit 
lung vaccine. The total production of the Laboratory is approximately 
300 liters of vaccine per month. This amount is prepared by the inocu- 
lation of 20 rabbits daily for four days of each week. At the present 
time vaccine also is being prepared from dog lungs. The potency of the 
vaccine is measured by rickettsial agglutination and by the Giroud virus 
neutralization test. The vaccine is not washed but is centrifuged. The 
expiration date of the vaccine is ordinarily set at 12 months after its 
preparation although Dr. Giroud feels that it is effective up to two or 
three years. The vaccine is an effective antigen, probably more satis- 
factory than the early Cox type vaccine but not as potent as the type 
presently produced in the United States. Dr. Giroud does not employ eggs 
in the production of vaccine. The Germans used approximately 10 per cent 
of Dr. Giroud*s monthly output of typhus vaccine. 
(4) New Techniques. 
(a) Dr. Giroud has developed a diagnostic ricket- 
tsial slide agglutination test using rabbit lung suspension as an anti- 
gen. This is a rapid method and is said to be quite satisfactory. 
(b) Dr. Giroud uses the intradermal technique in 
rabbit skin to demonstrate neutralizing antibodies. 
(c) He feels that there is a hypersensitivity in individuals convalescent from typhus fever which can be demonstrated by 
the production of an intradenial reaction after injection of formalized 
antigen* It was stated that this could be demonstrated two years after 
recovery from typhus* 
(d) Dr. Giroud feels that freezing the rickettsial 
virus over long periods actually steps up its antigenicity. , 
c* Diphtheria* 
(1) Torino ( Diphtheria toxin is produced in media pre- 
pared from a papain digest of~tr<5fie meat or from the Martin digest. 
From the former a toxin is secured which averages 60 l.f. units per cc. 
and from the latter 50 lof. units per cc. The strain of C. diphtherias 
used in toxin production is the Park 8 strain* It is the feeling of Dr* 
Ramon and other members of the Institute staff that this strain is satis- 
factory against both the so-called "gravis* and *mitis* forms of diph- 
theria* The total output of toxin has been increased from 80 liters to 
600 liters per week since the beginning of the war* The major portion 
of toxin produced is used in the manufacture of toxoid (anatoxins) for 
the immunization of horses in the production of diphtheria antitoxin* 
(2) Toxoid. Toxoid (anatoxine) is prepared in the usual 
manner by the use of 0*6 per cent formalin, and incubation for approxi- 
mately 3° days at 40 degrees centigrade. This amount of formalin is 
somewhat hitler than that used by the United States and British manufac- 
turers. It was stated that the extra amount was required for toxins 
produced either on papain digest or Martin digest media. Once detoxi- 
fied, reversion to toxicity has never been experienced. Diphtheria 
toxoid is manufactured separately but for administration it is bottled 
in combination with tetanus toxoid and triple typhoid vaccine* Dr. Ramon 
feels that the use of this "melange* adds to the antigenicity of the 
individual antigens and therefore does away with the necessity of adding 
an agent such as alum. 
(3) Antitoxin* A concentrated variety of antitoxin was 
prepared prior to the war, using the sodium sulfate fractional precipi- 
tation method* Due to lack of supplies in the last few years, only un- 
concentrated antitoxin is now prepared. Three strengths are availables 
300 units per cc., units per cc. and 1000 units per cc* 
(4) All materials produced by the Laboratory were used 
for the French with the exception of such antitoxin as was prepared from 
German loaned horses. The Germans wanted to obtain toxoid and antitoxin 
frcm the Laboratory in bulk to resell in smaller units under Genoan 
labels. The Institute was able to forestall this plan by convincing the 
Germans that there would be considerable danger of sabotage by French 
workers if they realized that ail the materials were going to Germany* 
As a consequence almost the entire output of antitoxin was used by the 
French* (5) Combined Therapy* The recommended method for the 
treatment of diphtheria is a single dose of antitoxin not to exceed 
40,000 units, with the simultaneous administration of one cc. of toxoid 
subcutaneously* Ms to to be followed at weekly intervals by increas- 
ing doses of toxpJji^o 
d* Tetanus* 
V (1) Toxin*H Tetanus toxin is prepared in essentially the 
same media as The toxin obtained contains a minimum of 20 
l.f* units per cc* and 50,000 guinea pig m*l*d*'s per cc* with a maximum 
of 200,000 m.l.d. Dr* Ramon states that the l*f* value is as reliable a 
measure of toxicity in tetanus toxin as it is in diphtheria toxin* 
(2) Toxoid* The toxin is detoxified in the same manner 
as for diphtheria* the resulting toxoid will flocculate satisfactorily, 
as does the toxin, but it falls off 10 to 20 per cent in l*f* value* 
(3) The recorrmended method of administration is in 3 
doses at 7 to 10 day intervals, givin in combination with diphtheria and 
triple typhoid* A stimulating dose of 1 cc* of tetanus toxoid alone is 
given one year later and subsequently at the time of injury, at which 
time Dr* Ramon feels there is no indication for the administration of 
antitoxin* Dr* Ramon reports that there are no reactions of sensitivity 
to toxoid prepared on papain digest media* Reactions to the combined 
diphtheria, tetanus, triple typhoid •melange• are stated not to occur in 
infants and only •moderate9 reactions are encountered in older children 
and adults* 
(4) Unconcentrated tetanus antitoxin is prepared as in 
the case of diphtheria* Strengths available are* 300 units per cc., 
1000 units per cc. and 2000 units per cc* Dr* Ramon, stresses the com- 
bined sero-anatoxine therapy for tetaois as in the case of diphtheria* 
e*\Baeterial Vaccines^ 
(1) Because of the shortage of meat, autolysed yeast is 
now used to supply certain essential components of bacteriological media* 
All vaccine cultures are heat-killed and no preservative is added* 
Strains used are cnosen from those which have been freshly isolated from 
active cases of various diseases* These strains are studied for viru- 
lence and completeness of anti-genicity before they are adopted for use 
in the preparation of vaccines* 
(2) Triple Typhoid Vaccine. Ihe bacterial composition 
of triple typhoid vaccine per cubic centimeter is as followsi - 
"Eberthells typhi i|£6 million organisms. 
Salmonella paratyphi 200 million organisms. 
Salmonella schottnuelleri 333 million organisms. (3) Cholera. This vaccine ia prepared from strains re- 
ceived from. mdo-China, These strains are similar/ studied for viru- 
lence and antigenicity. The vaccine contains 4 billion organisms per 
cc. Two injections are given at 7 to 10 day intervals, the first 1 cc. 
and the second 2 cc. 
(4) Plague. For some time a vaccine vas produced from 
Bacillus pseudotuberoulosis of rodents, which was thought to give cross 
protection for Bacillus pestis. This preparation has been discarded in 
favor of a vaccine devised by Dr. Girand of Madagascar. This consists 
of an attentenuated strain of living plague bacilli, probably in a man- 
ner similar to otten’s vaccine. 
(5) Staphylococcus. Both staphylococcus vaccine and 
staphylococcus toxoid are prepared but are not in demand. 
(6) Streptococcus. NO streptococcus toxins or anti- 
toxins are prepared, 
(7) Dysentery. The Institute does not prepare a dysen- 
tery vaccine. 
(8) Meningitis. Meningococcus anti-serum, "Types A & B," 
are prepared but are not considered important. 
(9) Influenza. No influenza virus vaccine is prepared. 
(10) Iheumonia. There is no pneumonia antiserum or vac- 
cine, A small amount of serum is prepared for typing purposes. 
(11) Mi sc ellaneous. The following antitoxins or anti- 
serums are prepared«- 
(a) Shiga antitoxin, 
(b) Anthrax antiserum. 
(c) Botulinus antitoxin. Types A & B. 
(d) Antivenin (against vipers, European and African, 
and cobras). 
f. Gas Gangrene 
(1) An unconcentrated gas gangrene antitoxin is prepared 
with the following formulas - 
Parts by volume 
Perfringens 4 
Septique 4 
Histolyticus 1 
Oedematiens 2 
Sporogenes 1 The univalent serums from which this combination is prepared, each have 
a strength of 100 units per cc. The material is packaged in 10 cc. 
ampules, two of which are considered necessary as a prophylactic dose* 
For treatment 12 to 15 ampules are needed* By the standards of the 
United States and Great Britain, this antitoxin appears to be extremely 
weak* No gas gangrene toxoid for human use has been produced* 
(g) 'Rabies Vaccine. 
(1) The Pasteur Institute uses 4, 3 and 2 day-old 
cords, which have been dried and preserved in glycerol for not longer 
than 8 days prior to use* The Institute also produces a carbolized 
brain vaccine for use in the French Colonies. If refrigerated, this 
last product may be kept for 3 to 6 months, 
(h) Sulfonamides and related compounds. 
(1) Officials of the Institute recommend the use of 
sulfanilamide locally and claim great success with this drug. Sulfan- 
ilamide is preferred because of its solubility. Sulfamerazine is used 
for oral administration, especially because of its ease of manufacture. 
(2) One new promising sulfone (succinyl-diphenyl- 
sulfone) has been developed and studied at the Institute* This subs- 
tance is highly soluble and forms a neutral solution. The formula is 
given belowj- 
502 
NH2 NH—CO — CH2—CH2—OOONa 
This compound is stated to be better than sodium sulfacetamida (German 
albucid soluble). The lethal dose of this drug is 50 milligrams for a 
20 gram mouse (2*5 grams per kilo.) Succinyl-diphenyl-sulfone is not 
as good as the other sulfonamide drugs orally because it is not as 
cyanosis. It is suitable for local use and for use in the conjuntival 
sac. 
(3) Dr, Nitti of the Institute staff has been engaged 
in work connected with anti-sulfonamide activity. 
(i) Preservation of Milk 
(1) Prof* Dr. Bertrand has developed a substance 
which when added to unpasteurixed milk will keep it sweet for 8 to 10 
days. This1 substance may be eliminated by boiling. The nature of this 
new material was not revealed but it is expected that the coumercial 
product will be called ’•Microlysine," 
(j) Laboratory Equipment. (1) Five items of equipment are considered to be worthy 
of special mention* These are as follows*- 
(a) Ultracentrif uge. This has been built by Dr .Pierre 
Lepine and is patterned after the model at the 
Rockefeller Institute. It is used principally 
for virus research. 
(b) Microforge. This is an instrument designed by 
Dr, Ramon and his staff for the manufacture of very 
small instruments and material from glass, etc. 
with this instrument it is possible to mate 
capillary tubes with less than a micron internal 
diameter• 
(c) Micro-manipulator, which is a pneumatically con- 
trolled device for dissection and manipulation in 
the microscopic field. 
(d) kn apparatus for cinemicrography. 
(e) Microbiophotometer. This is an ingenious instru- 
ment for the continual automate recording of the 
growth rates of bacteria as measured by the tur- 
bidity of suspensions. Recordings are made by 
means of a commercial recording thermograph used 
in conjunction with a photoelectric cell. 
k. Personalities of the Pasteur Institute 
(1) Dr. Jacques Trefouel, Director of Pasteur Institute. 
(2) Dr. Pierre Lepine, Director of Virus Research 
(3) Dr. Gaston Ramon, Director of Pasteur Institute 
at Oarches. 
(4) Dr. F. Nitti, Chief of the Section on Chemotherapy. 
(5) Dr, Bonnefoi, Chief of the Vaccine Service. 
(6) Dr. lafaille, Chief of the Diphtheria Service. 
(7) Prof. Dro Bertrand, Chief of Physiology Section. 
(8) Dr. Giroud, Chief of the Typhus Service. 
Mademoiselle Guillaumie, Chief of the Gas Gangrene 
Service. 
(10) Madam Th. Trefouel, Chemist, and wife of the 
Director, who collaborates with him in some of 
his research worK. 1. Officials of the Pasteur Institute stated that the present 
supplies of biologicals are adequate for the needs of France and that 
the principal problem is one of distribution rather than of manufacture* 
It is evident, however, that there is a critical shortage of some mater- 
ials essential to the manufacture of certain products of the Institute* 
II* Union Intersyndicals. 
a. According to Dr. Trefouel this organization no longer exists 
and during its period of activity was only a wholesale trading company* 
Dr. Trefouel suggested that a visit be paid to Pharmacien General Finnel 
for information concerning the manufacture of antimalarials* From 
M* Finnel it was discovered that the bulk of such work was done by the 
Hhone-Poulenc Laboratories. 
III. Hhone-Poulenc Laboratories. 
a. The Hhone-Poulenc Laboratories are a part of the firm known 
as w3peciaM* M. Billon is Director General of this organization. The 
Director of the Hhone-Poulenc Laboratories is M. Bo. Prof* Paul is the 
Scientific Director of .the Hhone-Poulenc Laboratories and is assited by 
Dr. Decourt. 
b. Since 1935 Hhone-Poulenc has made products under a license 
for the I.G. Far ben Indus trie. No original work on ii-amino quinolines 
has been done. The Laboratory was asked by the I.G. Farbenindustrie to 
experiment with quinacrine (etabrine) end plasmoquin. The Hhone-Poulenc 
group combined the I.G. FarbenIndustrie products to form a compound sold 
cornier el ally as Premaline. This combination is stated to fee satisfactory 
and t|ie dosagea employed are approximately the same as ordinarily pres- 
cribe!. for these two drugs when used singly* 
c • \ Sontoqiiino. 
(1) In the I.G. Farbenindustrie suggested that Rhone- 
Poulenc carry out trials with a new drug known as Sontoqui n©. Three 
forms were described, known respectively as Sontoquine M (methane- 
Bisoxy-Naphthoate), Sontoquine C (hydrochloride), and Sontoquine R 
(resorcin carbonate). Sontoquine M is the least soluble and apparently 
is moat suitable for suppression since it gives a longer action. The 
curative does© of Sontoquine Iff is stated to be 0.6 grains daily for 5 
days. It is well tolerated with no side effects, such as gastrointesti- 
nal symptoms or discoloration of the skin. Sontoquine C and Sontoquine 
R are soluble and act more rapidly. Dosage of these two drugs is 0.3 
grains daily for 5 days administered in a manner similar to that of ata- 
brine. An injectionable solution is prepared known as Sontoquine soluble. 
This gives slight local reactions and has no particular advantages over 
the oral type. Sontoquine is active against schizonts and has only 
slight action against gametes. Hyperpyrexia is usually controlled in 
12 to 36 hours. For therapy, it appears that Sontoquine C is better 
tolerated than atabrine end is more effective than Sontoquine R. Sonto- 
quine M is preferred for suppression and Sontoquine C for treatment. Field trials were conducted in North Africa, but were interrupted by 
the German collapse. It was believed that there are fewer relapses 
than with quinine and that relapses were rare with adequate treatment. 
The Germans have obtained these results from the Hhone-Poulenc Labora- 
tories, I,G, Farbenindustrie have not been experimenting with any new 
products which have been revealed to this group of investigators. 
d. The material prepared from cultures of Penicillium cory- 
lophilum DX appears to be notatin since it cannot be extracted by amyl 
acetate. Up to 8 months ago the Germans had not made any penicillin. 
At the present time experiments are apparently being conducted by 
Dr, WIndhaus of Gottingen and by Ciba, the Swiss pharmaceutical firm, 
which is working on a laboratory scale. A complete review of the sub- 
ject of penicillin appears in the Schweitzer Medizinische Wochenschrift} 
7ol. 74j No,23, page 6ll, under date of 10 June 1944* 
17. Distillerie de Dcux-Sevres. 
a« This target is located in Welle in the department of Deux- 
Sevres, north and east of Bordeaux, and does not properly come ufifi er 
the activities of this team. Information concerning its activities 
was sought from the Director of the Pasteur Institute, who stated that 
so far as he knew their work was concerned with moulds and ferments 
and their antibiotic activity. He did not know of an£ significant in- 
vestigations by this group. 
V# The Institute National d* Hygiene. 
a. This is an organization which was founded in Marseille 
in 19hO under the auspices of the Hockefeller Foundation and with the 
assistance of Dr# George K. Strode and Dr. John B. Youmans. The func- 
tion of this organization is primarily to stimulate research by suggest- 
ing problems and furnishing material assistance to investigators* It 
is concerned principally with administration and the coordination of 
activities. The Director is Dr. Chevallier, whose present headquarters 
is in Paris at h5 Hue Cardinet. No further investigation of this organ- 
ization was made. 
71. Pasteur Institut, 28 Rue du Remorquaur, Brussels. 
The Pasteur Institut is located about 200 yards from the end 
of Hue due Hemorqueur where it joins the Rue Wiertz. There are two 
storeys above the ground floor, and attics. Each floor is divided 
into 4-5 rooms, all of which are laboratories, and open into a common 
corridor opposite Rue du Hemorqueur. Storerooms are located in the 
basement. The building is surrounded by shrubbery and trees and faces 
Parc Leopold, The director of the Institut is Docteur Paul Burdet, 
son of the former director, Docteur Jules Bordet, now retired. All 
work is supervised by the Director. 
The number of personnel on the staff was stated to be more 
than adequate,, As a means of preventing many young Belgian scientists 
from being transferred to Germany for work there, the Institut had practically doubled its personnel during the period of German occu- 
pation and this accounted for the large staff. 
Very little investigation work has been done at this institu- 
tion since the time of the German occupation. In fact one might say 
that medical research as such ceased at that time and was replaced by 
work of a practical nature. This change was instituted, not by desire 
but by urgency as it became necessary for the institution to prepare 
(a) large quantities of vaccines and sera, (b) to examine all throat 
cultures for diphtheria (25,000 positive cultures were recorded each 
year), (c) to prepare all sera for blood typing, and (d) to examine all 
blood collected by the Belgian Red Cross for syphilis (20,000 positive 
blood tests per year were recorded). 
The individual subjects which were investigated are here listed. 
(a) Penicillin 
No strains of penicillin had been made available to the 
Institut, and henceno studies had been made. 
00 Malaria and other Tropical Diseases 
Malaria, tropical diseases, louse-borne and allied diseases 
are neither treated nor studied at the Pasteur Iniitut, Brussels. This 
work is carried out at the "Medicin Tropical", Antwerp, under the 
direction of Professor Rodhains, former Chief of Tropical Diseases in 
the Belgian Congo. 
(c) Typhus 
Only a small amount of typhus vaccina is produced at this 
laboratory* The strains employed and methods of production are similar 
to those used at the Pasteur Institut, Paris* 
(d) Tetanus 
Tetanus toxin, toxoid (anatoxine and antitoxin are prepared 
in the manner recommended by Dr. Gaston Ramon, Directeur, Pasteur 
Institut, Garches. 
(e) Diphtheria 
About 1,000 litres of toioid (anatoxine) and 3»000 litres 
of antitoxin hsrve been produced each week since- the beginning of the 
war. The strains employed and method of production are similar to 
those employed by Dr. Gaston Ramon. 52 horses were supplied to the 
institution by the Germans for the preparation of antitoxins for 
German use. 7k additional horses were purchased by the Institut from 
Belgian peasants for the production of antitoxins for use by the 
Pasteur Institut. (f). Bacterial Vaccines 
(1) Typhoid vaccine is prepared in the usual manner, but 
consists of four strains rather than the usual three* These strains 
are B, Typhosus, Para A, B and Para C* The incidence of typhoid 
in Belgium is very low. 
(2) Anthrax vaccine* Due to the low incidence of anthrax 
a vaccine is not prepared* 
(3) Staphylococcus. Streptococcust Dysentery. Cholera 
and Plague vaccines are not prepared as there is no demand for them* 
(ij) Pneumococcus Vaccine and Antiserum. There was such 
a low incidence of pneumococcal infection that neither a vaccine nor an 
antiserum was made. 
(5) Meningococcus Antiserum* Not produced* 
(6) Gas Gangrene Antitoxin. This is produced in small 
quantities only* The following organisms are employed in its production! 
Perfringens, Septicue, Histolyticus, Oedematiens and Sporogens* 
(g). Sulfonamides and Related Compounds. 
(1) A large supply of sulfonamide is on hand* This agent 
has been employed for clinical use only* 
(2) No original research has been made with this agent, 
nor have its derivatives been employed. 
(h). Insecticides 
No studies with these agents have been made, nor new 
insecticides developed* 
(i)* German Stimulants 
It was known by the Belgians that the Germans were em- 
ploying an agent to combat fatigue and exhaustion among their troops* 
The substance was given by mouth in tablet form and was very effective* 
According to Dr. Jules Bordet, it bore the name of "Actsdaon" * The com- 
position of this substance was unknown to the workers at the Pasteur 
Institut. The investigator was unable to obtain a sample of this pre- 
paration for subsequent study and analysis. 
(j)* Sea Sickness and Air Sickness 
No studies on the subject have been made, nor were any 
contemplated• 
(k). Treatment of Burns: Blood Substitutes. No studies on these problems have been made and none were 
contemplated. 
7* The director of the Pasteur Institut stated that there were 
sufficient biolobicals on hand to meet the demands of. Belgium adequately. 
Dr. Bordet added that the institution was badly in need of* (a) certain 
materials for the production of biologicals, (b) motor transportation 
for these agents, and (o) medicals literature. It is of interest to 
note that the most recent n»dical journals in their library were pub- 
lished in 1939-1940. 
H« Cannon Eley, 
Commander (MC) IBNR