NATIONAL ACADEMY OE SCIENCES. 
VOL. VI. 
FIFTH MEMOIR. 
A COMPARISON OF ANTIPODAL FAUNAS. NATIONAL ACADEMY OE SCIENCES. 
VOL. VI. 
FIFTH MEMOIR. 
A COMPARISON OF ANTIPODAL FAUNAS. A COMPARISON OF ANTIPODAL FAUNAS. 
Theodore Gill. 
(Read November, 1887.) 
PREFATORY. 
I. 
A comparison of antipodal faunas, it was thought, might reveal the salient characteristics of 
such, independent of climatic considerations, and none were better fitted for the purpose of study 
than the piscine inhabitants of the British islands on the one hand and the New Zealand waters on 
the other. Both groups of islands agree approximately in size and the temperature of the waters. 
The difference in the distances from neighboring lands introduces, it is true, another factor, but, 
far from being the cause of embarassment, it might tend to throw light on the subject. For these 
reasons a comparison was instituted between the regions in question. 
The British fishes have been quite recently fully described and illustrated, and our knowledge 
of the subject, so far at least as specific diversities are concerned, has been nearly brought up to 
date by Surgeon Francis Day in his “ Fishes of Great Britain and Ireland.” A summary of the 
families and including orders, as understood by the present writer, has also been given in a com- 
parison of the faunas of the British islands and Massachusetts in the Report of the Smithsonian 
Institution for 1883. 
The New Zealand fishes, at time of presentation of this memoir, had not been collected in any 
nomenelator (the last published list of the species having appeared in 1872), and the abundant 
literature on the subject, whereby the number of species had been nearly doubled, was scattered 
through many volumes. It was necessary, therefore, to bring together and consult the numerous 
articles in which the information was embodied. Since then a very useful and ably compiled 
“List of the New Zealand Fishes” has been issued by Prof. J. W. Hutton, long and favorably 
known for his researches on the fishes as well ap many other animals of the colony. A number of 
the changes made in the original memoir have thereby been anticipated and others have been 
meanwhile forestalled by European naturalists.* Nevertheless, there is still much to be done in 
clearing up doubts respecting many species, and numerous changes have been made in the memoir, 
as now published, which appear to be justified by evidence now at hand. A point will be gained 
if renewed attention is directed to questions here raised, and science will be the beneficiary, 
whether the conclusions now enunciated are verified or falsified. 
* Among the rectifications which would haveheen the first to appear in the memoir, if it had heen published soon 
after the date of presentation, were new generic names for those since called Plagiogenion, Neptotichthys, and Auch eroceros, 
the elimination of Ctenolobrus Tcnoxi from the Labrince and its association, in common with Pimelepterus drewii and 
Girella percoides, with Girella simplex, and the rectification of the synonymy of the Uranoscopids and Leptoscopids, 
on the basis established by Prof. Hutton. The anticipation is, however, compensated for by finding that I had inde- 
pendently reached the same conclusions as that excellent naturalist. 
91 92 
MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
II. 
PREVIOUS CATALOGUES OF NEW ZEALAND FISHES. 
The fishes of few countries have been studied with more zeal and ability (so for as mere specific 
characters are concerned) than have those of New Zealand by resident naturalists. Some of the 
species of that group were among the first known of the southern hemisphere, and of no region of 
that hemisphere are the fishes now better known. Six catalogues of the species have appeared 
viz: 
1. Johann Eeinhold Forster. 
§ i. 
M. E. Blochii, , Systema Ichthyologiae iconibus cx illustratum.—Post obi turn auctoris opus inchoatum absolvit 
correxit, interpolavit Io. Gottlob Schneider, Saxo.—Berolini, 1801. 
In this work were first published from the MSS. of Forster his descriptions of new species. 
§2. 
Descriptiones Animalium qure in itinere ad maris australis terras per annos 1772 1773 et 1774 suscepto collegit 
observavit et delineavit Ioannes Reinhold Forster. . . nunc demum editae auctoritate et impensis academiae 
litterarum regiae Berolinae curante Henrico Lichtenstein Berolini ex officina acadeinica. mdcccxliv.— 
Vendit Dummleri libraria. [8vo, xiii (11.) -f- 424 pp.] 
In this work, Forster’s descriptions are given approximately in the order in which they were 
made on the spot, and consequently.they are brought together under two periods when Cook 
visited New Zealand during his second voyage, viz: March, May, and June, 1773 (pp. 112-148), 
and October, 1774 (pp. 301-310). 31 species were described. 
2. Dr. John Eichardson. 
51. 
Report on the present state of the Ichthyology of New Zealand. By John Richardson, m. r>., f. r. s., etc., Inspector 
of Naval Hospitals, at Haslar. <(Report of the twelfth meeting of the British Association for the Advancement 
of Science; held at Manchester in June, 1842, (pp. 12-30, 1843). 
This contains 91 species arranged according to the classification of Cuvier. 
§2. 
List of fish hitherto detected on the coasts of New Zealand, by John Richardson, m. d., Inspector of Hospitals at 
Haslar; with the descriptions, by J. E. Gray, Esq., and Dr. Richardson, of the new species brought home 
by Dr. Reiclienbach. in New Zealand; with contributions to the Geography, Geology, Botany, 
and Natural History of that country. By Ernest Dieffenbach, m. d., (vol. ii, pp. 206-228, 1843). 
The second edition of Eicliardson’s report contains 92 nominal species, the addition to the 
former list being “ (85) Carcharias (Prionodon) mcioo Muller and Ilenle.” Long descriptions of 
u (51) Hemeroccetes acanthorhynchus O. and V.” “(62) Hemirhamphus marginatus Lacepede,” and 
“(73) jRhombus plebius Solander” are added. The descriptions are by Eichardson, the only justi- 
fication for the claim of “descriptions by J. E. Gray, Esq., and Dr. Eichardson” being the incor- 
poration of the brief notices of Galaxias fasciatus and Anguilla Dieffenbacliii by Gray, originally 
published in his “ Zoological Miscellany.” There are various minor differences between the two 
catalogues. Several species admitted were not entitled to a place in the New Zealand fauna. 
3. Pieter Bleeker. 
Over eenige Visschen van Van Diemensland. Door Dr. P. Bleeker te Batavia. Uitgegeven door de Koninklijke 
Akademio van Wetenschappen Amsterdam C. G. Van der Post. 1855. [4to, title -J- 31 pp., 1 folded pi.] 
This memoir was prefaced by a comparative enumeration of the fishes of (1) Australia or 
“Nova Hollandia,” (2) New Zealand, (3) Tasmania or Van Diemensland, (4) Norfolk island, and MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
93 
(5) Auckland islands, and (6) the distribution of Australasian fishes beyond Australasia (“ extra- 
Australasiatici ”). The numbers of species attributed to the respective regions were as follows: 
Nova Hollandia 236 
Nova Zeelandia 71 
Diemenia.. ' 70 
Insula Norfolkias 8 
Insula Auckland!® - 5 
Extra-Australasiatici 103 
* 
Dr. Bleeker did not display in this memoir his usual familiarity with the literature, and 
manifested no acquaintance with the articles of Richardson on the fishes of New Zealand. Many 
of Forster’s fishes were also overlooked. 
4. Frederick Wollaston Hutton (1). 
Fishes of New Zealand. Catalogue, with diagnoses of the species. By Frederick Wollaston Hutton, Notes on the 
edible fishes, by Janies Hector, m. d , Wellington.—1872. [8vo, xvi, 133, ii pp., 12 pi., iii pp.] 
141 native and 7 introduced species were described and 49 illustrated by outline figures on 12 
plates. 
5. R. A. A. Sherrin. 
Handbook of the fishes of New Zealand.—Prepared under the instructions of the Commissioner of Trade andCustoms 
by R. A. A. Sherrin.—Auckland: Wilsons and Horton.—mdccclxxxvi. [8vo, 2 pi., iv, pp. 307, 1 folded 
map.] 
A dictionary (pp. 9—128, 129—143) in which the principal (1) salt-water and (2) fresh-water 
species are noticed under their English names in alphabetical order, and a u List of Fishes of New 
Zealand ” (pp. 298-307), are the chief features of the u Handbook.” The work is that of a com- 
piler and not of an original investigator, and as such is as reliable as could be reasonably expected. 
6. Frederick Wollaston Hutton (2). 
List of the New Zealand fishes. By Professor F. W. Hutton. <Arans. N. Z. Inst, vol. xxii, pp. 275-285, 1889. 
The list enumerates 226 species, u the arrangement followed being that of Dr. Gunther’s 1 Study 
of Fishes.’” References are given u which show the evidence for the species being included in 
the- list.” It is a valuable and well-considered summary of what had been made known up to the 
date of publication. 
III. 
THE FORSTERIAN FISHES OF NEW ZEALAND. 
I. 
The first glimpse of the piscine fauna of New Zealand is due to Dr. John Reinhold Forster, 
who accompanied the celebrated Capt. Cooke on his second voyage, and visited New Zealand in 
1773 and again in 1774. Forster made full descriptions, and his son George drew sketches of 
many fishes observed by him and gave them scientific names, but his own work embodying these 
observations remained unpublished for nearly three-quarters of a century. Meanwhile, however, 
Forster’s manuscripts fell into the hands of Schneider, the editor and completer of Bloch’s 
“System a Ichthyologim,” and the new species of fishes were incorporated in the “Systema” gen- 
erally with Foster’s own names, but in some cases with new ones. 
II. 
The New Zealand fishes credited to Forster in the “Systeina” were as follows; (1) the num- 
bers in the left-hand column indicating the pages; (2) the names in the second column being those 
of Forster and Schneider, and (3) the names in the right-hand column being those for the present 
adopted. 94 
MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
SYSTEM A ICIITHYOLOGIJE. 
Old names. Present names. 
2 Lepadogaster pinnulatus F Trachelochismus pinnulatus. 
24 Scomber dentatus F Thvrsites atun. 
i } Seriolella .1 punctata. 
41- | Callionymus “caTthorh/nchra R \ Hemeroooetes ooanthorhynclms. 
,0 (Uranoscopus monopterygius B. S. ) . , 
49 - — j Uranoscopus maculatus F. 5 Genyagnus maculatus. 
53 Enchelyopus bachus B. S., F Pseudophycis hacchus. 
5*4 Enchelyopus colias B. S., F.r Parapercis colias. 
i Phycistinea,var.B. S. ) T j. n i 
56 ‘ ‘ i Gadus rhacinus F. 1 - Lotella rhacma- 
| ah>ula Forsteri Agonostomus forsteri. 
121 ( 
xxxii" l salmoneus F Clianos salmoneus. 
163 Pleuronectes scapha F Caulopsetta scapha. 
173 Blenuius fenestratus F Notoclinus fenestratus. 
174 ( 
xxxvi ) Blermins tripennis * F Tripterygion tripinne. 
! gS± itfeus R B' S' } Acanthoclinue litoreus. 
178 Blennius varius F Tripterygion varium. 
196--" | ScorpTena cottoides I\' } Sebastapistes cottoides. 
199 Cyclopterus littoreus F Trachelochismus litoreus. 
264*— | Labrus coccineufF. } ; Pseudolabrus miles. 
265 Labrus celidotus F Pseudolabrus celidotus. 
0f!« (Labrus auratus B. S. ) 
266 * - ‘ j Sciaena aurata F. J Pagrosomus auratus. 
288 - * -' j Spams pullus F. \ Condodax pullus. 
oA1 S Epinephelus oxygeneios B. S. ) r> i 
301 ‘- j Perea prognatha F. J Polyprion prognathus. 
qao S Epinephelus lepidopterus B. S. ) „ 
302 * - - • j Perea lepidopterus F. 5 Pseudanthias lepidopterus. 
310—- j Sciaena ciliaris F. f Latri8 Clliar18- 
342 - * * • j Sciaena1 lineataBF S' j Latris lineata. 
342---- \ SciaenammacmpteraBFS' | Cheilodactylus macropterus. 
394 Esoxsaurus (L.) F Scomberesox forsteri. 
395 Esox alepidotus (F.) Galaxias alepidotus. 
477 Balistes scaber F Monacanthus scaber. 
484 Ophidium blacodes B. S.J Genypterus blacodes. 
532 Petromyzon cirrhatus F Heptatrema cirrata. 
542 Sciaena trutta F Arripis trutta. 
III. 
Forster’s new work (Descriptiones Animalium, etc.) was not published till 1844, when it ap- 
peared (without the illustrations) under the editorship of Lichtenstein at Berlin. The descriptions 
and notes on the animals observed were arranged in a rough, chronological order, that is, nearly 
under the dates when the species were observed and described, but with some slight deviations 
therefrom. 
* Not tripinnis, as it should have been written. 
IP. xxxvii, “ Pertinet ad Genus antecedens” [i. e., Scorpaena']. 
t Forster’s name is not mentioned in connection with 0. blacodes, which is also noticed from the Cape of Good 
Hope, as well as New Zealand. MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
95 
FORSTER’S DESCRIPTIONS ANIMALIUM. 
(1773—Apr. 8.) 
112 Petromyzon cirrhatus Heptatrema cirrata. 
(1773—Apr. 7.) 
114 Cyclopterns littoreus Trachelochismus litoreus. 
(1773—Apr. 13.) 
115 Ophidium blacodes Genypterus blacodes. 
117 Callionymus acanthorhynchus Hemerocoetes acanthorhynchus. 
118 Uranoscopus maculatus.-T Genyagnus maculatus. 
120 Gadus bacchus Pseudophycis bacchus. 
(1773—Mart. 27.) 
122 Gadus colias , Parapercis colias. 
(1773—Maii. 27.) 
124 Blennius fenestratus Notoclinus fenestratus. 
(1773—April 9.) 
125 Blennius tripennis Tripterygion tripinne. 
(1773—April 7.) 
127 Blennius littoreus Acanthoclinus litoreus. 
(1773—Iun. 4.) 
127 Blennius varius Tripterygion varium. 
(1773—Mart. 30.) 
128 Scorpaena cottoides Sebastapistes cottoides. 
130 Pleuronectes scapha Caulopsetta scapha. 
131 Labrus coccineus • Pseudolabrus miles. 
133 Labrus celidotus Pseudolabrus celidotus. 
134 Sciaena lineata Latris lineata. 
136 Sciaena macroptera Cheilodactylus macropterus. 
137 Sciaena ciliaris Latris ciliaris. 
138 Perea lepidoptera Pseudanthias lepidoptera. 
140 Gasterosteus punctatus Seriolella ? ? punctata. 
141 Scomber dentex Thyrsites atun. 
142 Esox alepidotus Galaxias alepidotus. 
143 Esox saurus Scomberesox forsteri. 
145 Mugil albula Agonostomus forsteri. 
147 Sciaena trutta : Arripis trutta. 
152 Balistes scaber Monacanthus scaber. 
(1774—Octobr. 10.) 
Norfolk Island. 
292 Sciaena cultrata Bathystethus cultratus. 
(1774—Octobr. 23.) 
301 Cyclopterus pinnulatus Trachelochismus pinnulatus. 
(1774—Octobr. 29.) 
304 Gadus rhacinus Lotella rhacina. 
(Octobr. 28.) 
306 Sparus pullus Coridodax pullus. 
(Octobr. 18.) 
307 Sciaena aurata Pagrosomus auratus. 
(Octobr. 15.) 
309 Perea prognathus Polyprion prognathus. 
IV. 
It is to be remarked that some of the species described by Forster have each received two 
names, Schneider, with the propensity common in his time to change a name because it did not 
seem to be as good a one as conld be given, substituting for Forster’s one of his own which suited 
him better. Nevertheless Forster’s, in every case but one,* was also given. Forster’s names were 
therefore actually published at the same time as Schneider’s and in connection with his (Forster’s) 
own descriptions. Whose names then shall be adopted, Forster’s or Schneider’s ? Opinion has 
differed as to this point, some accepting Forster’s and others Schneider’s. 
*0phidhim blacodes was Forster’s name, bat not accredited to him, and Schneider had seen a specimen of the 
species from the Cape of Good Hope.  96 
MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
Cuvier and Valenciennes sometimes adopted Forster’s*, and sometimes (the propensity to 
change names still continued) gave new ones, because, for some reason or other, they were not 
satisfied#with any of the old onest. 
RichardsonJ also generally adopted Forster’s names§, deviating from this course only in four 
instances, once in adopting one of Schneider’s names||, again in preferring a manuscript name 
given by Solander to one published by Forsterfl, a third time in taking a later name of Lacepede**, 
and, in another case, deferring to Cuvier and Valenciennestt. 
Gunther generally accepted Forster’s names, but in one instance adopted Schneider’s|J, and for 
other species took later names. 
The Giintherian nomenclature was adopted by Prof. Hutton and Prof. Hector in the Catalogue 
of the Fishes of Hew Zealand, and the names so adopted are given in the synonymy of the species 
following. Later, Prof. Hutton revived several of Forster’s names previously generally neglected. 
As the conflicting names of Forster and Schneider were necessarily published at the same mo- 
ment, being each printed for the first time on the same page, neither has the priority, and the 
name adopted by the first succeeding naturalist may, I think, be justly retained. Drs. Jordan 
and Eigenmann have thought otherwise, and, in the case of Polyprion, adopted Schneider’s name 
oxygeneios instead of prognathus, but as Drs. Jordan and Gilbert had originally used that name 
for the “P. cernium,” the southern species may retain that of P. prognathus later given to it. Drs. 
Jordan and Gilbert, in another connection (involving the question of adoption of Gephalacanthus 
or Dactylopterus, the former occurring on p. 323 and the latter on p. 325 of the same work), have 
declared for Gephalacanthus instead of the generally adopted Dactylopterus, and enunciated the 
proposition that “the law of primogeniture applies to twins”§§. This is granted. But what has 
the law of primogeniture to do with the question at issue? In the case of twins, as the learned 
doctors well know, one always precedes the other by an appreciable interval of time, but in the 
case of two names first printed on the same signature, the publication of the two is necessarily 
simultaneous, and no question of primogeniture can arise. Under the present circumstances, 
then, the adoption of one or the other name is open to the next naturalist who lias to deal with 
the species, and I shall follow him. My own preference would be to adopt Forster’s names, as he 
was the original investigator and generally his names were more apt, but, it seems to me, the 
name to be used was fixed by the action of the first user. 
HEPT ATREMIDiE. 
Heptatrema cirrata.|||| 
Petromyzon cirrhatus Bloch and Schneider, Systema Ich., p. 532, 1801; Forster, Desc. Animal, cur. Lichten- 
stein, p. 112, 1844. 
Heptatrema dombeyi Richardson, Rep. Br. A. A. S., 1842, p. 30. 
Bdellostoma cirrhatum Hutton, Fishes New Zealand, p. 87, 1872 (1889, No. 223). 
Habitat in mari alluente insulam australem Novae Zeelandiae, inportu obscuro et in Aestuario 
Reginae Oharlottae.—F. 
*(1) Centropristea trutta (2,54)=Sciaena trutta F.; (2) Percis colias (3, 273)=Gadus colias F.-, (3) Clinus littoreus 
(11, 389)—Blennius littoreus F.; (4) Tripterygion fenestratum (11,410)—Blennius fenestratus F.; (5) T. varium (11, 414)=/?. 
varius F.; (6) Hemerocoetes acanthorhynchus (12, 311)—Callionymus acanthorhynchus F.; (7) Odax pullus (14,304)=£ca?7<8 
pullus F. 
4(14 Polyprion cernium (3, 21)—Perea prognatha, F.—Epinephelus oxygeneios] (2) TJranoscopus forateri (3, 318)= Z7. 
maculatua F.— TJ. monopterygius B. S.; (3) Tripterygion forateri (11, 415)=Blennius tripennia F. 
JRep. 12. meet. Brit. A. A. S., pp. 12-30, 1843; Dieffenbach’s Travels in N. Z., vol. 2, pp. 206-228, 1843. 
§Serranus lepidopterns, Centropristea trutta, Percia colias, TJranoscopus maculatus, Scorpcena cottoides, Cheilodactylus 
macropterus, Latris lineata, L. ciliaris, Clinus littoreus, Tripterygion varium, T. fenestratum, Hemerocoetes acantho- 
rhynchus, Julis celidotus, Odax pullus, Galaxias alepidotus, Lota baccha, Lota rhacina, Rhombus t scapha, Lepadogaster 
pinnulatus, Gobiesox littoreus, Ophidium blacodes, Monacanthus scaber. 
|| Julis miles—Labrus miles B. S=L. coccineus F. 
Heptatrema dombeyi (ex Lac.) = Petromyzon cirrhatus F. 
**Pagrus latus (Rich. Annals, xx, p. 392) = Scicena lata Sol. in place of Sc. aurata F. 
ft Tripterygion for steri (C. Y.) = Blennius tripennis F. 
\\Anema monopterygium (2, 230) = TJranoscopus monopterygius B. S.= TJ. maculatus F. 
§§Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., Vol. v, p. 573. 
||||Omni vel specie rectae rationis, qui Pleurotomam similiaque vocabnla neutralis generis habent. Conferatur 
nepizopoi,.” Hermannsen, Indicis Generum Malacozoornm Primordia, vol. i, 1846, p. xiii. 97 
MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
G AL AXIIDiE. 
Galaxias alepidotus. 
Esox alopiclotus Bloch and Schneider, Syst. Icli., p. 395, 1801; Forster, Desc. Animal, cur. Lichtenstein, p. 142, 
1844. 
Galaxias alepidotus Hutton, Fishes New Zealand, p. 58, 1872 
Habitat in lacabus aquae dulcis et rivulis insulae australis Novae Zeelandiae, liamo captus. 
Sapidus et a nautis vocatus trutta (the trout).—F. 
EXOCOETIDiE. 
Scomberesox forsteri. 
A 
Esox saurus {Lac.) Bloch and Schneider, Syst. Ich., p. 394,1801; Forster, Desc. Animal, cur. Lichtenstein, p. 143, 
1844. 
Scombresox forsteri {Cur. and Val.) Hutton, Fishes New Zealand, p. 53, 1872. 
Habitat in mari alluente Novam Zeelaudiam; semper post tempestuosum tempus a mari in 
littus eiectus repertus. 
MUGILIDiE. 
Agonostomus forsteri. 
Mugil albula Forsteri Bloch and Schneider, Syst. Ich., p. xxxil, 120, 1801. 
Mugil albula lorster, Desc. Animal, cur. Lichtenstein, p. 145, 1844. 
Mugil fosteri Cuv. and Val., Hist. Nat. Poissons, Vol. 11, p. 141. 
Agonostoma forsteri Hutton, Fishes New Zealand, p. 37, 1872 (1889, No. 124). 
Habitat in mari alluente insulam australem Novae Zeelandiae.—F. 
Schneider, to whom the nam& forsteri is generally attributed, merely recorded it as the Mugil 
albula of Forster; Cuvier and Valenciennes gave the specilic name forsteri. 
Dr. Gunther (Vol. hi, p. 461) has needlessly changed the name Agonostomus (Bennett, P. Z. S., 
1830, p. 166) to Agonostoma, although he later retained the spelling of the analogous names Plecos- 
tomus (Vol. V, p. 230), Ghcetostomus (Vol. V, p. 240), Andstomus (Vol. V, p. 303), etc. 
CARANGIDiE. 
Seriolella?? punctata ? 
Scomber punctatus = Gasterosteus puuctatus Bloch and Schneider, Syst. Ich., p. 37, 1801. 
Gasterosteus punctatus Forster, Desc. Animal, cur. Lichtenstein, p. 140, 1844. 
Habitat in mari alluente insulam australem Novae Zeelandiae, liamo captus, at non fundo, vero 
in mediaregione, locis tranquillis, prope rivulos aquae dulcis; nautis Scomber (Maclcrel) dietus.— 
F. Mart. 30, 1773. 
Like others I have been unable to identify the Gasterosteus punctatus F. Most authors have 
quietly ignored it. It is only referred to by Prof. Hutton (Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. ix, p. 353). 
GEMPYLIDiE. 
• Thyrsites atun. 
Scomber dentatus (F.) Bloch and Schneider, Syst. Ich., p. 24, 1801. 
Scomber dentex Forster, Desc. Animal, cur. Lichtenstein, p. 141, 1844. 
Thyrsites atun Hutton, Fishes New Zealand, p. 13, 1872. 
Habitat in mari, insulam australem Novae Zeelandiae alluente.—F. 
The species had been previously described by Euphrasen as /S'. atun. 
SFARIDiE. 
Pagrosomus auratus. 
Labrus auratus ( = Scisena aurata, F.) Bloch and Schneider, Syst. Ich., p. 266, 1801. 
Selena aurata Forster, Desc. Animal, enra Lichtenstein, p. 307, 1844. 
Pagrus latus Rich., Rep. Br. A. A. S., 1842, p. 209. 
Pagrus unicolor Hutton, Fishes New Zealand, p. 6, 1872. 
S. Mis. 160 7 98 
MEMOIES OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
Habitat in Aestuario Eeginae Oharlottae, in Nova Zeelandia.—F. 
The specific name auratus, being the first given, should be adopted, and as the species differs 
from the Spari and Pagri by the obsolescence of the inner lateral cranial crests, the new generic 
name Pagrosomus may be given. 
ARRIPIDIDiE. 
Arripis trutta. 
Sciama trutta (F.) Bloch and Schneider, Syst. Ich., p. 394, 1801; Forster, Desc. Animal, cura. Lichtenstein, p. 
147, 1844. 
Centropristes trntta Richardson, Rep. Br. A. A. S., 1842, p. 15. 
Centropristes mnlloides Richardson, Rep. Br. A. A. S., 1842, p. 16. 
Centropristes sapidissimus Richardson, Rep. Br. A. A. S., 1842, p. 16. 
Arripis salar Hutton, Fishes New Zealand, p. 2, 1872. 
Habitat in mari alluente Fretum Cookii et intrante Aestuarium Eeginae Oharlottae.—F. 
SERRANIDiE. 
Psendanthias lepidopterus. 
Epinephelns lepidopterns (—Perea lepidoptera F.) Bloch and Schneider, Syst. Ich., p. 302, 1801. 
Perea lepidoptera Forster, Desc. Animal, cur. Lichtenstein, p. 138, 1844. 
Serranus lepidopterus Rich., Rep. Br. A. A. S. 1842, p. 15. 
Scorpis liectori Hutton, Fishes New Zealand, p. 4, 1872. 
Habitat in mari alluente insulam australem Novae Zeelandiae.—F 
• Polyprion prognathus. 
Epinephelus oxygeneios (=Perca prognatha F.) Bloch and Schneider Syst. Ich., p. 301, 1801. 
Perea prognathus Forster Desc. Animal, cur. Lichtenstein, p. 309, 1844. 
Oligorus gigas Hutton Fishes New Zealand, p. 1, 1872. 
Polyprion prognathus Gunther Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5.), vol. xx, p. 236, 1887. 
Habitat in Aestuario Eeginae Oharlottae.—F. 
The identity of Oligorus gigas and Perea prognathus was first recognized by Prof. Hutton, 
(Trans. N. Z., Inst., Vol. v, p. 259), but, influenced by undue respect for the opinion of Dr. 
Gunther, he retained it in the genus Oligorus instead of restoring it to the genus Polyprion, to which 
Ouvier and Valenciennes, with their superior knowledge, had previously properly referred it. 
L ABRIDGE. 
Pseudolabrus miles. 
Labrus miles (=L. coccineus F.) Bloch and Schneider Syst. Ich., p. 264, 1801 
Labrus coccineus Forster Desc. Animal, cur. Lichtenstein, p. 131, 1844. 
Julis miles Rich. Rep. Br. A. A. S., 1843, p. 24, 1843. 
Labrichthys psittacnla Hutton Fishes New Zealand, p. 43, 1872. 
Habitat in mari alluente insulam australem Novae Zeelandiae.—F 
Pseudolabrus celidotus. 
Labrus celidotus (F) Bloch and Schneider Syst. Ich. p. 265, 1801. 
Labrus celidotus Forster Desc. Animal, cur. Lichtenstein, p. 133, 1844. 
Julis celidotus Rich. Rep. Br. A. A. S., 1842, p'. 24, 1843. 
Pseudolabrus celidotus Blkr. Versl. eu Med. K. Akad. Wett. (Amsterdam), Vol. xv, p. 444, 1863. 
Labrichthys celidota Hutton Fishes New Zealand, p. 42, 1872. 
Habitat in mari alluente insulam australem Novae Zeelandiae.—F. 
Coridodax pullus. 
Scarus pullus (=Sparus pullus F.) Bloch and Schneider Syst. Ich., p. 288, 1801. 
Sparus pullus Forster Desc. Animal, cur. Lichtenstein, p. 306, 1844. 
Odax pullus Cuv. et Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. xiv, p. 304. 
Coridodax pullus Hutton Fishes New Zealand, p. 44, 1872. 
Habitat in Aestuario Eeginae Oharlottae in Nova Zeelandia.—F. MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
99 
HAPLODACTYLIDiE. 
Chilodactylus macropterus. 
Cichla macroptera (—Scisena macropt. F.) Bloch and Schneider Syst. Ich., p. 342, 1801. 
Scisena macroptera Forster Desc. Animal, cur. Lichtenstein, p. 136, 1844. 
Cheilodoctylus macropterus llicli. Trans. Zool. Soc., Vol. in, p. 101. 
Chilodactyhis macropterus Hutton Fishes New Zealand, p. 8, 1872. 
Habitat in mari Novae Zeelancliae insulam australem alluente. — F. 
Latris ciliaris. 
Anthias ciliaris (—Scisena ciliaris F.) Bloch and Schneider Syst. Ich., p. 310, 1801. 
Scisena ciliaris Forster Desc. Animal, cur. Lichtenstein, p. 137, 1844. 
Latris ciliaris Rich. Trans. Zool. Soc., Vol. in, p. 115. 
Latris ciliaris Hutton Fishes New Zealand, p. 9, 1872. 
Habitat in mari alluentem insulam australem Novae Zeelandiae.—F. 
Latris lineata. 
Cichla lineata ( = Scisena lineata F.) Bloch and Schneider Syst. Ich., p. 342, 1801. 
Scisena lineata Forster Desc. Animal, cur. Lichtenstein, p. 134, 1844. 
Latris hecateia Rich. Trans. Zool. Soc., Vol. hi, p. 106, pi. 6, f. 1 (see p. 115). 
Latris hecateia Hutton Fishes New Zealand, p. 8, 1872. 
Habitat in mari alluente insulam australem Novae Zeelandiae.—F. 
SCORPiENIDiE. 
Scorpeena cottoides. 
Synanceja papillosus (sic !=Scorp;cna cottoides F.) Bloch and Schneider Syst. Ich., p. 196, 1801. 
Scorpeena papillosa Bloch and Schneider Syst. Ich., p. xxxvii, 1801.* 
Scorpeena cottoides Forster Desc. Animal, cur. Lichtenstein, p. 128, 1844. 
Scorpsena cottoides Rich. Rep. Br. A. A. S., p. 18, 1843. 
Scorpeena cruenta Hutton Fishes New Zealand, p. 10, 1872. 
Habitat in mari alluente Novam Zeelandiam.—F. 
URANOSCOFIDiE. 
* Genyagnus maculatus. 
Uranoscopus monopterygius (=Uranoscopus maculatus F.) Bloch and Schneider Syst. Ich., p. 49, 1801. 
Uranoscopus maculatus Forster Desc. Animal, cur. Lichtenstein, p. 118, 1844. 
Uranoscopus maculatus Rich. Ann. Nat. Hist., Vol. ix, p. 207. 
Kathetostoma monopterygium Hutton Fishes New Zealand, p. 23, 1872. 
Habitat in australe insula Novae Zeelandiae [etc.].—F. 
PERCOPHIDiE. 
Parapercis colias. 
Enchelyopus colias (—G. C., F.) Bloch and Schneider Syst. Ich., p. 54, 1801. 
Gadus colias Forster Desc. Animal, cur. Lichtenstein, p. 122, 1844. 
Percis colias Cur. et Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss, Vol. m, p. 273. Hutton Fishes New Zealand, p. 25, 1872. 
Habitat in mari alluente insulam australem Novae Zeelandiae [etc.].—F. 
HEMEROCCETIDiE. 
Hemeroccetes acanthorhynchus. 
Callionymus monopterygius (-=Callionymus acanthorhynchus) Bloch and Schneider Syst., Ich., p. 41, 1801. 
Callionymus acanthorhynchus Forster Desc. Animal, cur. Lichtenstein, p. 117, 1844. 
Hemeroccetes acanthorhynchus Cuv. et Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss., Vol. xii, p. 311. Hutton Fishes New Zealand, 
p. 37, 1872. 
Habitat in mari alluente insulam australem Novae Zeelandiae.—F. 
*Scorpama ‘‘10, Papillosa Forsteri. (Male ad secpieus genus [i. e. Synanceia] relata.)”—p. xxxvii. 100 
MEMOIES OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, 
CLINIDiE. 
Notoclinus fenestratus. •*> 
Blennius fenestratus (F.) Blocli and Schneider Syst. Ich., p. 173,1801; Forster Desc. Animal, cur. Lichtenstein, 
p. 124, 1844, 
Tripterygion fenestratum Cuv. et Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss., Yol. xi, p. 410; Hutton Fishes New Zealand, p. 
0, 1872 (1889, No. 118). 
Habitat in insula australi Novae Zeelandiae inter saxa ad ostia rivulorum aquae dulcis 
[etc.].—F. • 
Tripterygion tripinne. 
Blennius tripennis (F.) Bloch and Schneider Syst. Ich, p. 174, 1801. 
Blennius tripennis Forster Desc. Animal, cur. Lichtenstein, p. 125, 1844. 
Tripterygium Forsteri {Guv. et Val.) Hutton Fishes New Zealand, p. 31, 1872. 
Habitat in insula australe Novae Zeelandiae [etc.].—F. 
Tripterygion varium. 
Blennius varius Bloch and Schneider Syst. Ich., p. 178, 1801; Forster Desc. Animal, cur. Lichtenstein, p. 127, 
1844. 
Tripterygion varium Cuv. et Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss., Vol. xi, p. 415; Hutton Fishes New Zealand, p. 3S( 1872. 
Habitat ad littora saxosa insulae australis Novae Zeelandiae.—F. 
ACANTHOCLINIDiE. 
canthoclinus litoreus. 
Blennius quadridactylus (=Blennius littoreus) Bloch and Schneider Syst. Ich., p. 177, 1801. 
Blennius littoreus Forster Desc. Animal, cur. Lichtenstein, p. 127, 1844. 
Clinus littoreus Cuv. et Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss., Vol. xi, p. 389. 
Acanthoclinus littoreus Hutton Fishes New Zealand, p. 34, 1872 (1889, No. 119). 
Habitat ad littora propeostia rivulorum aquae dulcis in australi insula Novae Zeelandiae.—F. 
t 
GADXDiE. 
Pseudophycis bacchus. 
Enchelyopus bachus (—G. B. F.), Bloch and Schneider Syst. Ich., p. 53, 1801. 
Gadus bacchus, Forster Desc. Animal, cur. Lichtenstein, p. 120, 1844. 
Lota (=Gadus bacchus) Cuv. Begne An. (2d ed.), Vol. ii, p. 334, 1829. 
Lotella bacchus Hutton Fishes New Zealand, p. 46, 1872. 
Pseudophycis bachus Hutton Trans. N. Z. Inst., Vol. xxii, p. 282 (List, 1889, No. 150). 
Habitat in mari alluente insulain australem Novae Zeelandiae, etc.—F. 
Lotella rhacina. 
\ • 
Phycis tinea var. (= Gadus rhacinus F), Bloch and Schneider Syst. Ich., p. 56, 1801. 
Gadus rhacinus Forster Desc. Animal, cur. Lichtenstein, p. 304, 1844. 
Lotella rhacinus Hutton Fishes New Zealand, p. 46,1872 (List, 1889, No. 152). 
Habitat in Aestuario Iteginae Cliarlottae in Nova Zeelandia.—F. 
OPHIDIIDiE. 
Genypterus blacodes. 
Ophidium blacodes Bloch and Schneider Syst. Ich., p. 484, 1801; Forster Desc. Animal, cur. Lichtenstein, p. 
115, 1844. 
Ophidium blacodes Cuv. Regne An., Vol. n, p. 359, 1829. 
Genypterus blacodes Hutton Fishes New Zealand, p. 48, 1872. 
Habitat in mari quod alluit insulam australem Novae Zeelandiae, etc.—F. MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
101 
PLEURONECTIDiE. 
Caulopsetta scapha. 
Pleuronectes scapha (F.) Bloch and Schneider Syst. Ich. cnr. Lichtenstein, p. 163, 1801; Forster Desc. Animal. 
cur. Lichtenstein, p.. 130, 1844. 
Rhombus ? scapha Rich Rep. Br. A. A. S., 1842, p. 27, 1843. 
Pseudorhombus scaphus Hutton Fishes New Zealand, p. 57, 1872. 
Habitat in raari alluente insulam australem Novae Zeelandiae.—F. 
GOBIESOCIDiE. 
Trachelochismus pinnulatus. 
Lepadogasterypinnulatus (= Cyclopterus pinnulatus F.) Bloch and Schneider Syst. Ich. cur. Lichtenstein, p. 
2, 1801. 
Cyclopterus pinnulatus Forster Desc. Animal, cur. Lichtenstein, p. 301, 1844. 
Lepadogaster pinnulatus Rich. An. Rep. Br. A. A. S., 1842, p. 27, 1843. 
Trachelochismus pinnulatus Hutton Fishes New Zealand, p. 40, 1872. 
Habitat in Aestuario Eeginae Charlottae in Nova Zeelandia, etc.—F. 
Trachelochismus litoreus. 
Cyclopterus littoreus (F.) Bloch and Schneider Syst. Ich., p. 199, 1801, Forster Desc. Animal, cur. Litch- 
tenstein, p. 114, 1844. 
Gobiesox (littoreus) Can. Regne An. (2 ed.), v. ii, p. 345, 1829. 
Habitat in insula australi Novae Zeelandiae.—F. 
BALISTIDZEJ. 
Monacanthus scaber. 
Balistes scaber (F.) Bloch and Schneider Syst. Ich., p. 478, 1801. Forster Desc. Animal, cur. Lichtenstein, 
p. 152, 1844. * 
Monacanthus scaber Rich. Rep. Br. A. A. S. 1842, p. 29,1843. 
Monacanthus convexirostris Hutton Fishes, New Zealand, p. 71, 1872. 
Habitat in man alluente Novam Zeelandiam in Aestuario Eeginae Charlottae (etc.).—F. 
IV. 
RICHARDSON’S CATALOGUES OF NEW ZEALAND FISHES. 
Dr. (afterwards Sir John) Eichardson contributed two slightly different lists of the fishes of New 
Zealand, as already indicated (see p. —). Many species are duplicated, old notices by Solander 
being admitted. The identification of some of these is impossible to one not having access to the 
original supposed to be still in the British Museum. As a correlation of the two will be interest- 
ing to some, they are here given in parallel columns, the left-hand column giving the pages 
and numbers of the report published by the British Association for the Advancement of Science, 
and the right those of the enumeration in Dieffenbach’s works. 
PERCOIDEiE. 
• 
Serranus lepidopterus 15,1 206,1 Pseudanthias lepidopterus. 
Polyprion cernuum 2 2 Polyprion prognathus. 
Centropristes trutta 3 3 Arripis trutta. 
Centropristes mulloid.es 16,4 4 Arripis trutta. 
Centropristes sapidissimus 5 5 Arripis trutta. 
Aplodactylusmeandratus 6 207, 6 Haplodactylus meandratus. 
Percis colias 7 7 Parapercis colias. 
Percis nicthemera 8 8 Parapercis colias. 
Uranoscopus inaculatus 17,9 9 Genyagnus maculatus. 
Dpeneus vlamingu 10 10 Upeneoides vlamingii. 
Upeneus porosus 11. 11 Upeneichthys porosus. 
■» 102 
MEMOIRS OF THE RATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
COTTOLDEiE. 
Trigla papilionacea 18,12 12 Trigla kumu. 
Scorpsena cardinalis 13 208,13 Scorpama cardinalis. 
Scorp;ena cottoides 14 14 ScorpiBna cottoides. 
Scorpsena plebeia 15 15 
Scorpsena cruenta 16 16 Scorpsena cottoides. 
Sebastes percoides 17 17 Sebastapistes percoides. 
SCRENOIDE.E. 
Cheilodactylus carponemus 18 18 Cbeilodactylus carponemua. 
Cbeilodactylus macropterus 19,19 19 Cheilodactylus macropterus. 
Latris ? salmonea 20 209,20 Latris lineata? 
Latris lineata 27 21 Latris lineata. 
Latris ciliaris 22 22 Latris ciliaris. 
SPAROIDE.E. 
Pagrus guttulatus 20,23 23 Pagrosomus auratus. 
Pagrus inicropterus 24 24 Pagrosomus auratus. 
Pagrus latus 25 25 Pagrosomus auratus. 
SCOMBEROIDEiE. 
Scomber (scombrus) solandris 26 26* Scomber australasicus. 
Thyrsites atun .. 27 27t Tbyrsites atun. 
Gempylus solandris 28 210, 281 Promethichtkys prometheus. 
Cborinemus forsteri . 21,29 31$ Scombroides lysan. 
Tracburus No vie Zelandise 30 32 Trachurus trachurus. 
Trachurus ? clupeoides 31 33 Tracburus trachurus. 
Caranx lutescens 32 34 Caranx georgianus. 
Caranx sinus-obscuri 33 35 Trachurus trachurus. 
Caranx platinoides 34 36 
Caranx georgianus 35 0]| Caranx georgianus. 
SIGANOIDEAS. 
Acanthurus triostegus 22, 36 211, 39 Teuthis triostegus. 
MUGILOIDEAS. 
Mugil forsteri 37 40 Agonostomus forsteri. 
GOBIOIDEAS. 
Clinus littoreus 38 41 Acanthoclinus litoreus. 
Acanthoclinus fuscus 39 42 Acanthoclinus litoreus. 
Cristiceps australis 40 43 Cristiceps australis. 
Tripterygion nigripinne If 23,41 44 Tripterygion varium. 
Tripterygion varium 42.7 45 Tripterygion varium. 
Tripterygion forsteri 43 212, 46 Tripterygion tripinne. 
Tripterygion fenestratum 44 47 Notoclinus fenestrattis. 
Tripterygion capito 45 48 Tripterygion varium. 
Eleotris gobioides 46 49 Gobiomorphus gobioides. 
Eleotris radiata 47 50 Eleotris radiata. 
Eleotris basalis 48 50 ** Gobiomorphus gobioides. 
Hemeroccetes acanthorhynchus 49 51 ft Hemeroccetes acanthorhynclius. 
* Scomber loo. t Thyrsites atun, var. altivelis. 
1 Gempylus solandri. $“29. Histiophorus ?” 
“30. Naucrates ?” II “37. Seriola cultrata” (p. 210). 
“38. Capros australis” (p. 211). 1f 7. nigripenne in R. B. A. A. S., p. 23. 
**50 duplicated and second numbered “50*.” tt A long description of U. a. is given (pp. 212-218). MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
103 
LABROIDE^E. 
Julia I rubiginosus 51 53 Pseudolabrus celidotus. 
Labrus pcecilopleura 24, 50 218, 52 Pseudolabrus celidotus? 
Julis notatus 52 54 Pseudolabrus celidotus. 
Julis miles 53 i 55 Pseudolabrus miles. 
Julis celidotus 54 56 Pseudolabrus celidotus. 
Odax pullus 25,55 58* Coridodax pullus. 
Odax ? vittatus 56 59t .Odax vittatus. 
CYPRINOIDE^E. 
Leuciscus ? lavaretoides 57. 60f Gonorhynchus Greyi. 
I 
esocid^e. 
Galaxias alepidotus 58 219, 61 Galaxias alepidotus. 
Galaxias fasciatus 59 221,63$ Galaxias fasciatus. 
Mesites attenuatus 26, 60 0|| Galaxias attenuatus. 
Sa'iris scombroides 61 221, 64 Scomberesox forsteri. 
Hemiramphus marginatus 62 219,62 Hemirhamphus intermedius. 
Exoccetus ? subpellucens 63 221,6511 Exoccetus micropterus? 
CLUPEOIDE^E. 
Clupea lata 64 221,68 Clupea sagax ? 
GADOIDE.E. 
Lota baccha 65** 221, 69 Pseudopbycis bacbus. 
Lota rhacina 27,70 222,70... Lolella rliacina. 
Brosmius venustus 71 71 
PLATESSOIDEiE. 
Rhombus ? scapha 72 72 ft Caulopsetta scapha. 
Rhombus plebeius 73 73 Rhombosolea plebeia 
DISCOBOLI. 
Lepadogaster pinnulatus 74 225,74 Trachelochismus pinnulatus. 
Gohiesox littoreus 28,75 75 Trachelochismus litoreus. 
ANGDLLIFORMES. 
Anguilla australis 76 -.. Off Anguilla australis. 
Anguilla dieffenbachii 77 77 Anguilla australis. 
Opliidium blacodes 78 ‘ 226,78 Genypterus blacodes. 
LOPHOB RANCHI. 
Hippocampus abdominalis 79 79 Hippocampus abdominalis. 
PLECTOGNATIII. 
Tetraodon hamiltoni 80 80$ § Amblyrhynchotus richei. 
Monacanthus scaber 29,81 81 Monacanthus scaber. 
CIIIAI.ERIDyE. 
Callorliynchus antarcticns 82 82 Callorliynchus antarctcius. 
SCYLLIA. 
Scyllium ? lima 83 83 CephaloscyIlium laticeps, pt. ? 
CARCIIARIiE. 
Carcharias (Prionodon) melanopterus 84 227,»84|||| Carcharinus brachyurus, pt. ? 
*“57. Julis ? prasiophthalmns.” t“59. Odax vittatus.” 
t“60. Leuciscus (Ptycholepis) salmoneus.” $ Misplaced. 
|| Omitted and not at all referred to. If “66, 67. Exocetus exiliens et volitans.—Auct.” 
** There are no numbers between 65 and 70. ft “72. Platessa ? (Rhombus ?) scapha.” 
ft Anguilla australis not referred to. “76. Echeneis naucrates, L.” under “fain. Echeneidese.” 
$$ “80. Tetraodon hamiltoni, sp. uov.,” not described. ||||“85. Carcharias (Prionodon) maoo.” MEMOIRS OF TnE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES.'' 
104 
SPINACES. 
Acanthias ? maculatua 85 86* Squalns acanthias? 
SQUATINORAIAS. 
Rhinobates (Syrrhina) banksii : 86 87 Rhinobatus banksii. 
Trygonorbina fasciata 87 88 Trygonorhina fasciata 
P.AIAi. 
Raianasuta 88 89 Raia nasnta. 
TRYGONES.t 
Trygonoptera testacea 30, 89... „ Ot Dasybatis brevicaudatus. 
, MYLIO BA TIDES. 
Myliobatis nieubofii 90 91 Aetobatua tenuicaudatns. 
CYCLOSTOMI. 
Iieptatreraa dombeyi 91 228, 92 Heptatrema cirrata. 
*“86. Acanthias maculatus” without “t”. t Family name omitted in report. 
t “90. Taeniura lymma” inserted under “ fam. Trygones.” 
, / 
So far as some of the foregoing species are attributed to New Zealand by Richardson, they 
were so done through misidentifications, and the species really represented in the island are 
indicated in the second column. 
NEW ZEALAND FAMILIES OF FISHES COMPARED WITH BRITISH. 
The fishes of New Zealand may now be grouped into families and compared with those of the 
British islands. A comparative list of the families of the two regions is given in which those of 
New Zealand are numbered and those not represented in the colonial waters but occurring in the 
British waters are intercalated without numbers. In one column are given the numbers of species 
and genera of Britain and in another those of New Zealand. The list will also serve as a table of 
contents to the following catalogue: 
British. 
New 1 
Zealand. 
British. 
New 
Zealand. 
Class, order, suborder, and family. 
CC 
c3 
a 
Class, order, suborder, and family. 
co 
a 
CS 
c3 
© 
© 
G 
1 
© 
£ 
o 
© 
© 
© 
G 
ft 
© 
CS 
o 
& 
& 
in 
o 
CLASS OF LEPTOCARDIANS. 
class of selachians—continued. 
Order Amphioxi. 
Order Tectospondyli—Confcinued. 
1. Branchiostomid® (Cirrostomi D.).. 
1 
i 
1 
1 
8. Oxynotid® 
i 
1 
i 
1 
CLASS OF MYZONTS. 
(Suborder Rhin®.) 
Order Hyperotreta. 
Squatinid® (Rhindai I).) 
i 
1 
0 
0 
Order Asterospondyli. 
2. Heptatremid® 
1 
1 
9. Scylliorhinid® (Scylliid® D.)..... 
3 
3 
0 
1 
10. Isurid® (Lamnid® D.) 
1 
1 
2 
2 
Order Hyperoartii. 
11. Cetorhinid® 
1 
1 
0 
0 
12. Alopiid® 
13. Galeid® (Carchariid® D.) 
14. Sphyrnid® 
1 
1 
1 
1 
3 
2 
2 
1 
3 
3 
3 
3 
1 
1 
1 
1 
CLASS OF SELACHIANS. 
« 
Order Platysorni. 
1 Order Opistharthri. 
(Suborder Pachyura.) 
1 
1 
1 
1 
0 
0 
1 
2 
2 
| 16. Raiid® 
10 
1 
1 
Order Tectospondyli. 
17. Torpedinid® 
2 
1 
2 
1 
(Suborder Squali.) 
(Suborder Masticura.) 
5. Echinorhinid® 
1 
1 
1 
1 
18. Dasybatid® or Trygonid® (1).)... 
C epb al op ter id® 
1 
1 
3 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
0 
0 
7. Squalid® or Spinaeid® (D.) 
1 
1 
1 
1 
i 19. Aetobatid® 
1 
1 
1 
1 MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, 
105 
British. 
New 
Zealand. 
British. 
New 
Zealand. 
Class, order, suborder, and family. 
Species. 
Genera. 
Species. 
Genera. 
Class, order, suborder, and family. 
Species. 
Ct 
s 
p 
o 
Species. 
Genera. 
class of selachians—continued. 
Order Holocephali. 
1 
1 
2 
1 
CLASS OF TELEOSTOMES OR FISHES— 
coutiuued. 
Order Teleocephali—Continued. 
CLASS OF TELEOSTOMES OR FISHES. 
(Suborder Acantbopterygii)—Contbl. 
45. Caran.a-idae 
3 
3 
9 
7 
Order Chondrostei. 
46. 
Bramidae 
1 
1 
1 
1 
47. 
Diretmidae 
0 
4 
0 
1 
1 
1 
1 
0 
48. 
Stromateidae 
3 
1 
1 
49. 
Nomeidae 
0 
7 
2 
1 
1 
Order Malacop terygii. 
50. 
Scoinbridae 
5 
3 
3 
51. 
Gempylidae 
0 
1 
0 
1 
1 
"21. Haplocbitonidae 
0 
1 
1 
52. 
Lepidipodidae 
1 1 
2 
2 
22. Galaxiidae 
0 
6 
2 
Tricbiuridae 
1 
1 
0 
0 
23. Gonorbyncbidae 
0 
1 
1 
53. 
Histiopboridae 
0 
1 
0 
1 
1 
24. Chaneidse 
0 
1 
1 
54. 
Xipbiidae : 
1 
1 
1 
5 
3 
2 
1 
55. 
Lamprididae (Corypbaenidae gen. 
Day) 
26. Stolepboridae (E n gr aul id uhe) 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
2 
2 
2 
2 
56. 
Zeidai (Cyttidae D.) .... 
1 
1 
5 
5 
1 
1 
57. 
Caproidae (Carangidae gen. Day).. 
Luvaridae (Corypbaenidae geu. Day) 
Teutbididae 
1 
1 
7 
3 
0 
0 
1 
1 
58. 
o 
0 
1 
1 
Order Iniomi. 
Trachinidae 
2 
2 
0 
0 
59. 
Serranidae 
4 
4 
4 
3 
28. Synodontidae 
0 
0 
1 
1 
Percidae 
2 
2 
0 
0 
29. Aulopidae 
0 
0 
1 
1 
60. 
Lutjanidae 
0 
0 
0 
0 
1 
0 
1 
1 
30. Gonostomidse 
0 
0 
1 
1 
61. 
Arripididae 
0 
1 
1 
31. Maurolocidae* 
1 
1 
2 
2 
62. 
Pentacerotidae 
0 
1 
1 
Paralepididae (Scopelidae) 
1 
1 
63. 
Cypbosidae 
0 
4 
3 
32. Myctopbidae (Scopelidae) 
0 
0 
4 
1 
Sciaenidae 
1 
0 
0 
33. Steruoptycbidae 
1 
1 
1 
1 
64. 
Sparidae 
10 
1 
0 
7 
5 
1 
1 
Order Plectospondyli. 
Cyprinidae 
14 
5 
0 
0 
65. 
66. 
67. 
68. 
Mullidae 
Pomacentridae 
Labridae 
Odacidae 
1 
0 
6 
2 
1? 
1 
2 
1 
1? 
1 
2 
Cobitidae 
2 
2 
0 
0 
69. 
Haplodactylidae '. 
12 
4 
Order Apodes. 
70. 
71. 
ScorpaenidaB 
CottidaB 
Agonidae 
1 
4 
1 
1 
3 
1 
4 
1 
0 
3 
1 
0 
(Suborder Encbelycepbali.) 
Liparididae 
2 
1 
Cyclopteridee (Discoboli D.).. 
1 
1 
34. Leptocepbalidae (Congridae) 
1 
1 
4 
2 
72. 
Congiopodidae 
0 
0 
o 
0 
1 
1 
35. Anguillidae 
1 
1 
3 
1 
73. 
PercopbidaB 
0 
2 
2 
36. Opbicbtbyidae 
0 
0 
1 
1 
74. 
Nototbeniidae 
0 
5 
1 
75. 
Boviclitbyidae 
0 
o 
0 
1 
1 
(Suborder Colocephali.) 
76. 
Uranoscopidae 
0 
5 
2 
77. 
Leptoscopidae 
o 
0 
4 
2 
37. Muramidae 
1 
1 
1 
1 
78. 
Hemerocoetidae 
0 
9 
0 
1 
1 
79. 
GobiidaB (D.) 
3 
3 
2 
Order Heteromi. 
38. Notacantbidae 
Callionymidae 
2 
1 
Cepolidae 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
Blenniida*. 
4 
2 
Order Teleocephali. 
80. 
Clinidae 
o 
0 
9 
5 
Anarrbichadidae 1 
1 
1 
0 
0 
(Suborder Haplomi.) 
Stichaeidae 
2 
2 
0 
0 
Xipbidiontidae 
1 
1 
0 
0 
Esocidae (D.) 
1 
1 
81. 
Acantboclinidaj 
0 
0 
1 
1 
82. 
Gadopsidae 
0 
0 
1 
1 
(Suborder Synentognathi.) 
83. 
Lycodidae 
l 
1 
1 
1 
84. 
Brotulidae 
0 
0 
1 
1 
39. Exocoetidae (Scoinbresocidse D.) 
Belonidae 
3 
3 
3 
2 
85. 
Ophidiidae (D.) 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
0 
0 
Fierasferidae 
1 
1 
Ammodytidae 
3 
2 
(Suborder Percesoces.) 
40. Spbyraenidas (D.) 
1 
1 
1 
1 
(Suborder Craniomi.) 
41. Atherinidae (D.) 
2 
1 
1 
1 
86. 
Triglidae 
2 
o 
9 
7 
2 
3 
2 
(Suborder Acantbopterygii.) 
(Suborder Taeniosonli.) 
43. Berycidae 
0 
0 
1 
i 
87. 
Tracbypteridae 
1 
1 
2 
1 
44. Tracbicbtbyidae 
0 
0 
3 
i 
88. 
Regalecidae 
1 
1 
2 
1 106 
MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
British. 
New 
Zealand. 
British. 
New 
Zealand. 
Class, order, suborder, and family. 
Species. 
Genera. 
Species. 
Genera. 
Class, order, suborder, and family. 
Species. 
Genera. 
| Species. 
c3 
O) 
<D 
O 
CLASS OF TELEOSTOMES OR FISHES— 
continued. 
CLASS OF TELEOSTOMES OR FISHES— 
continued. 
Order Teleocephali—Continued. 
Order Lophobranchii. 
(Suborder Xenopterygii.) 
97. Syngnatliidi© 
5 
4 
5 
4 
98. Hippocampidse 
1 
1 
2 
2 
4 
3 
(Suborder Discocephali.) 
Order Plectognatlii. 
90. Echeneididie (Scombridije g. D.) .. 
1 
1 
i 
i 
(Suborder Scleroderuii.) 
(Suborder Anacanthini.) 
99. Balistidie * 
2 
1 
1 
1 
1 
1 
(Suborder Ostracodermi.) 
91. Gadidae 
16 
11 
5 
4 
92. Merluciidse 
1 
1 
0 
1 
1 
100. Ostraciontidae 
*0 
0 
0 
2 
2 
1 
1 
1 
1 
4 
4 
(Suborder Gymnodontes.) 
(Suborder Heterosomata.) 
101. Tetraodontidae t 
1 
1 
i 
i 
14 
11 
11 
6 
102. Diodontidie t 
0 
0 
i 
i 
4 
3 
0 
0 
103. Molidset 
2 
2 
i 
i 
Order Hemibranchii. 
Order Pediculati. 
3 
3 
0 
0 
104. Antennariidae 
0 
0 
i 
i 
0 
0 
1 
1 
t 
1 
105. Ceratiidae 
0 
0 
i 
i 
1 
1 
Lopliiidae 
1 
1 
0 
0 
* Scleroderuii D. t Gymnodontes D. 
t Recorded in F. N. Z. (p. 39), but omitted in list. 
VI. 
DEDUCTIONS FROM COMPARATIVE TABLE. 
An analysis of the results recorded and tabulated in this article shows that the following 
twenty-five families are represented in the New Zealand seas and not in the British, viz: 
Heptatremidae. Odacidaa. 
Rliinobatidie. Congiopodidae. 
Gonorliynchidae. Uranoscopidae. 
Chaneidae. Leptoscopidae. 
MyctophidaB. Bovichtliyidae. 
Ophichthyidae. Percophidae. 
Berycidae. Nototheniidae. 
Trachichthyidae Clinidae. 
i Nomeidae. • AcanthoclinidaB. 
HaplodactylidaB. HemeroccetidaB. 
Arripididae. Brotulidae. 
Lutjanidae. Bregmacerotidae. 
Kyphosidae. 
Of these eleven are peculiar to the southern hemisphere, viz: 
Gonorhynchidae. Boviclitliyidae. 
Tracliiclitliyidae. Percophidae. 
Arripididae. Nototheniidae. 
Odacidae. Acanthocliuidae. 
Congiopodidae. HemeroccetidaB. 
Leptoscopidae. 
Again, four are also represented in the Northern Pacific, but not in the Northern Atlantic, viz: 
Heptatremidie. Haplodactylidae. 
Chaneidai. Bregmacerotidae. MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
107 
The remaining ten, although without representatives in the British seas, have quite a general 
distribution, viz: 
Rliinobatidse. Lutjanidae. 
Myctopliidaj. Kyphosidae. 
Opliiclitliyidae. Uranoscopidae. 
Berycidse. Clinidse. 
Nomeidse. Brotulidse. 
A comparison of the fresh water representatives of the two faunas shows even a more striking 
contrast. Those characteristic of the Northern Hemisphere are, with the exception of the Argen- 
tinida;, entirely unrepresented in the Southern, while the Antipodal types are wanting in the North- 
ern zones. The fresh water fishes of New Zealand belong to three families, viz: 
Haplochitonidie. Argentinidse. 
Galaxidse. (Retropinna.) 
Of course the Anguillids, which are marine fishes of general distribution, breeding only in the 
sea, and the species introduced from Britain, are not considered in this connection. 
As to some remaining features and peculiarities, the list and tabulated summary will be 
self-explanatory; as to others, a comparison with the faunas of the corresponding isotherms of 
Australia and the Southern Hemisphere generally is necessary. 
A few more remarks, however, seem to be called for. 
The fishes enumerated by Prof. Hutton in his recent uList of the New Zealand Fishes,” and 
therefore carried over into the following enumeration, belong to no less than six distinct geo- 
graphical realms, viz: 
1. Notalian realm, including most of the species. 
2. Antarctalian realm, characterized especially by the Nototheniids. 
3. Pelagalian realm, represented by the isuroid and some other sharks, large Scombrids, 
Gempylids, a Nomeid, several Garangids (Naucrates, Seriola, Garanx), the Lampridid, Scopelids, 
and various others. 
4. Bassalian realm, to which belong the Batliysaurus, Benthodcsmus, Halargyreus, Bathygadus, 
most Macrurids, JEgceoniclitliys, and several other less typical forms. 
5. Tropicalian realm, from which have wandered the Ophisurus, Murceaa, Sphyrcena, and (if 
they have really been found in New Zealand) the Teuthis, Bascyllus, and Ostracion, besides others. 
G. Ornitliogman realm, almost indistinguishable, so far as the fishes are concerned, from the 
Austrogieau and Amphigsean realms. This includes all the fresh-water fishes which mainly repre- 
sent two families, Haplocliitonids and Galaxiids, and whose principal genus, Galaxias, is exempli- 
fied by nearly related species in the colder waters of Australia and South America. 
The consideration of these various elements and comparison of them with those of other 
regions point to the following conclusions: 
The main marine fauna of New Zealand is derived from representatives of the general stock 
which has become developed in the great notalian realm. The number of species apparently 
peculiar to the province and therefore modified from other or earlier representatives indicates a 
long period of isolation in accordance with its distance from the nearest continents and the depth 
of the intervening ocean. The j)ercentage of such peculiar species seems to entitle it to rank as 
a distinct region (or subregion) rather than as an integral portion of the notalian region composed 
of the isothermal portions of Australia and Tasmania, as has been generally done. A more ex- 
tended study and actual comparison of the species of the two regions may, however, compel a 
reconsideration of this view. 
The fresh-water fishes must have been derived from the same common source as those of the 
isothermal portions of Australia (of course including Tasmania) and South America. There may 
not have been a continuity of land at any one time between South American, Australia, and New 
Zealand, but, at some remote period in the past, it is at least possible that there was a region in 
which the Galaxiids and Haplocliitonids were developed, and subsequently representatives of 
those families might have found their way into the regions where they now abound. But, it may 
be urged, such a derivation is only possible and there may have been other means for diffusion of 
the same types. 108 
MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
The alternative then lies between two possibilities: 
1. According to some, the forms of fresh-water fishes common to the now widely isolated lands 
may have been transported afar and distributed in some unnatural manner, (a) The progenitors of 
the existing species may have been, for example, entombed in masses of ice, and such may have 
been carried into the ocean and wafted to distant regions, where they may have found congenial 
waters, been liberated from their long imprisonment, mated, and propagated their race. (b) They 
may have even survived a long sojourn in salt water into which they wandered, (c) They may 
have originated from congeneric species formerly existing in the ocean, but now extinct therein 
and restricted to fresh water. 
2. According to others, community in type must be the expression of community of origin, and 
the presence of fishes of long-established fresh-water types must imply continuity or at least 
contiguity of the lands in the midst of which they occur at some one time or other. 
Some physical geographers and thalassographers have found difficulty in admitting the 
existence of land where now deep oceans exist, and have consequently denied the probability of 
land connection between the southern lands. The objections do not appear to me to be insuper- 
able. It is well known that the highest mountain chains are of comparatively recent geological 
age. It remains then to consider which is the more probable, (1) that the types now common to 
distant regions were distributed in some unnatural manner by means referred to, or (2) that they 
are the descendants of forms once wide ranging over lands now submerged. 
The distribution of different types of fresh-water fishes is analogous to the geographical range 
of amphibians, mollusks, crustaceans, and other animals, and recent paleontological finds indicate 
that even the Tliylacinids (or at least forms resembling them) were formerly natives of southern 
America. While it may be admitted that it is possible that one or two types may have been dis- 
tributed in some such unnatural manner as has been suggested, it is highly improbable that all the 
forms common to the distant regions could have been so distributed. 
The time at which immigration took place into the regions now occupied by the Galaxiids and 
Haplochitonids can not be ascertained in the present stage of ignorance of the paleontological his- 
tory of those forms. We can only conjecture from a knowledge of the paleontological history of 
others. 
The various classes of animals differ remarkably in persistence of type or rapidity of change. 
On the one hand, echinoderms, mollusks, and articulates are very persistent in essential struc- 
tural features. Of mollusks, for example, Unionids, Lymnseids, Valvatids, Melaniids, and Yivipa- 
rids were not only represented by undoubted members of the same families in Mesozoic times, but 
even genera had come into existence which are still extant and were manifest in species little diver- 
gent from some which live in streams which course lands in latitudes and longitudes where they 
once flourished. 
On the other hand, mammals have undergone such changes that scarcely a single family which 
existed in Eocene times has survived to the present, or, in other words, few, if any,* existing fam- 
ilies can be traced back to the Eocene into forms which are now recognized as members of the 
same family. 
It thus appears that in the same land, in early Tertiary times, mammals entirely unlike those 
now living, and belonging to different families, walked the earth through which coursed streams in 
which flourished mollusks quite similar to those now living in succeeding courses, and the same 
mammals might have crushed under foot gastropods, also almost undistinguishable from some still 
existing.! 
Fishes to a certain extent are intermediate between invertebrates and mammals in persistence 
of type, and consequently as indicators of geological periods. Few teleostomous families can be 
traced farther back than Cretaceous times, and very few, if any, genera. 
In the present stage of science, then, we may be permitted to postulate (fishes being congeneric 
in Hew Zealand, Australia, and South America), that there existed some terrestrial passage way 
between the several regions at a time as late as the close of the Mesozoic period. The evidence 
#After a careful survey of all the families of mammals, I can not recognize a single one which now flourishes 
which had undoubted representatives in the Eocene period, or at least of which unequivocal remains have been found. 
*■ As is well known land shells like those of the present epoch lived as early as the Carboniferous. MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
109 
of such a connection afforded by congeneric fishes is fortified by analogous representatives among 
insects, mollusks, and even amphibians. The separation of the several areas must, however, 
have occurred little later than the early Tertiary, inasmuch as the salt-water fishes of correspond- 
ing isotherms found along the coasts of the now widely separated lands are to such a large extent 
specifically different. In general, change seems to take place more rapidly among marine animals 
than fresh-water representatives of the same class. , 
VII. 
NOMENCLATURE. 
In deciding on the nomenclature adopted, obedience has always been paid to the precepts in- 
culcated by the British and American associations for the advancement of science, and lately 
reenforced by the French association and the American Ornithologists’ Union. The lawlessnesss 
that has long prevailed in this respect and the obtrusion of whims for laws have retarded the 
progress toward a settled nomenclature, although the extent to which rules of nomenclature have 
been violated has been hidden by a tacit consensus of those unwilling or unable to think for them- 
selves. 
A considerable proportion of the species are involved in more or less doubt as to their correct 
nomenclature, it being questionable whether some are identical with the forms with which they 
have been identified, and whether others are distinct from previously known ones. The exact 
generic relations of a few remain also to be determined. It is partly in order to have a basis from 
which to start anew for investigation that the present list is prepared. 
All the species enumerated in Prof. Hutton’s “List of the New Zealand Fishes” are repeated 
in the present catalogue; but nine of these species have very little claim to a place therein, and 
should probably be eliminated. They are the following: 
19 (14) Kliinobatus banksii. 131 (40) Chilodactylus carponemus. 
20 (15) Trygonorkina fasciata. 140 (50) Cottapistus cottoides. 
55 (203) Anguilla latirostris. 174 (157) Gadopsis marmoratus. 
99 (61) Teutliis triostegus. 224 (217) Ostracion fornasini. 
112 (135) Daacyllus aruanus. 
All of these, excepting Anguilla and Gadopsis, were marked by Prof. Hutton himself as doubt- 
ful members of the New Zealand fauna. But the most doubtful of all appear to me to be the 
Anguillid and Gadopsid. 
Anguilla latirostris has been attributed to New Zealand because a specimen, described by Dr. 
Gray as “Anguilla dieffenbachii,” and supposed to have been taken in New Zealand, was identified 
with that species by Dr. Gunther (Cat., iv, 33). Dr. Gray, under the name Anguilla dieffenbachii, 
adds: “ Inhabits the River Thames, New Zealand.—Dr. Dieffenbacli.” Inasmuch as no other speci- 
men has been recorded from that locality, we may be permitted, till another specimen has been 
found, to believe that there may have been some confusion or transposition of labels.* 
Gadopsis marmoratus is recorded by Prof. Hutton as a New Zealand fish, and reference is 
made to Richardson (“Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 4, vol. i, p. 342”). No mention is made of the 
fish on the page referred to, and Sir John Richardson had died (June 5, 1865) before the volume 
cited was published (1868). Some confusion of notes must have happened to the distinguished 
New Zealand professor; but, whether Richardson has elsewhere recorded the species as an inhab- 
itant of New Zealand or not, it is extremely improbable that such a conspicuous fresh-water fish 
should have been overlooked by other observers. 
Of the two numbers prefixed to almost every species, the former, of course, indicates the 
sequence of the species adopted in the enumeration, and the latter (inclosed within parentheses) 
the number attached to it in Prof. Hutton’s list. 
* “Mr. Henry Travers brought three specimens of this eel from the Chatham Islands.” Hutton T. N Z I 
Vol. V, p. 271. 110 
MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
Class of LEPTOCARDIANS. 
1. BRACHIOSTOMID2E3. , 
1 (224) Branchiostoma (near bassanum?). 
Branchiostoma lanceolatum (Pall.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 88. 
Class of MYZONTS. 
I 
Order HYPEROTRETI. 
2. HEPTATREMIDiE. 
2 (223) Heptatrema cirrata. 
Bdellostoma cirrhatum (Forst.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 87. 
Order HYPEROARTII. 
3. FETROMYZONTIDiE. 
3 (222) Geotria australis. 
Geotria australis (Gray) Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. V, p. 272, pi. 12 f. [4] 1873. 
4 (221) Geotria chilensis. 
Geotria chilensis (Gray) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 87; Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 271; vol. viii 
p. 216, 1875. 
Class of SELACHIANS.* 
Order OPISTHARTHRI. 
4. HEXANCHIDiE. 
5 (8) Notorhynchus indicus. 
Notidanus indicus (Guv.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 79; Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 271, 1873. 
Order CYCLOSPONDYLI. 
5. ECHINORHINIDiE. 
6 (13) Echinorhinus spinosus. 
Echinorhinus spinosus (Gmel.) Parker, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xvi, p. 280, 1884. 
6. DALATXID2E. 
7 (12) Dalatias lichia. 
Scymus lichia (Guv.) Parker, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xv, p. 222. 
7. SQUALIDiE. 
8 (11) Squalus acanthias. 
Acanthias vulgaris (Risso) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 76. 
8. OXYNOTID^G. 
9 (10) Oxynotus centrina. 
Centrina salviana (Risso) Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xxii, p. 276. 
Order ASTEROSPONDYLI. 
9. SCYLLIORHINID^J. 
10 (9) Cephaloscyllium laticeps. 
Scylliuin laticeps (Dumeril) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 79; Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vm, p. 216. 
10. ISURIDZE. 
11(6) Carcharodon carcharias. 
Carcharodon rondeletii (Mull, and Henle) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 78. 
* The following type was subsequently eliminated: Iloterodontus Pliilippii Cestracion Pbilippii (Lac.) Sutton, 
Fishes N. Z., p. 80. MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
111 
12 (5) Isurus cornubicus. 
Lamna glauca (M. and H.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 77. 
Lamna cornubica (Gmel.) Haast, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vix, p. 237. 
11. CETORHINIDZG. 
13 (—) Cetorhinus maxim us. 
Selache maxima Cketanuiu, Trans. N. Z. I., vol. xxiii, p. 126. 
12. ALOPIIDJE. 
14 (7) Alopias vulpes. 
Alopecias vulpes (Gmel.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 78. 
13. GALEIDiE. 
15 (2) Galeus antarcticus. 
Mnstelus antarcticus (Giinth.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 76, fig. 123; Parker, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xv, p. 
219, pi. 30. 
16 (4) Galeorhinus australis. 
Galeus canis (L.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 81. 
17 (1) Carcharinus brachyurus. 
Carcliarias brachyurus (Gunther) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 75. 
14. SPHYRNID 2E. 
18 (3) Sphryna zygaena. 
Zygaena malleus (Bisso) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 76; Hutton, Trans. N. Z., Inst., vol. v, p. 271. 
Order HYPOTREMI. 
Suborder S AEG UR A. 
15. RHINOBATIDiE. 
19 (14) Rhinobatus banksii. (d. <a> hah.) 
Rhinobatis banksii (Mull, and Henle) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 82. 
20 (15) Trygonorhina fasciata. (d. ® hab.) 
Trygonorhina fasciata (Mull, and Henle) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 82. 
16. RAIIDiE. 
21 (18) Raia nasuta. 
Raia nasuta (Solander) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 84; Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. viii, p. 216. 
17. TORPEDINIDiE. 
22 (16) Torpedo fairchildi. 
Torpedo fairchildi Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 83, fig. 134. 
23 (17) Torpedo fusca. 
Torpedo fusca Parker, Trans. N. Z Inst., vol. xvi, p. 281, pi. 23. 
Suborder MASTICURA. 
18. DASYBATIDA]. 
24 (19) Dasybatis brevicaudatus. 
Trygon thalassia (Columna) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 85. 
Trygon Kuhlii (M. & H.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 85. 
Trygon brevicaudatus Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. viii, p. 216. 
19. AETOBATIDiE. 
25 (20) Aetobatus tenuicaudatus. 
Myliobatis aquila Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 86. 
Myliobatis tenuicaudatus, Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. ix, p. 286. 
Order HOLOCEPHALI. 
20. CHIMAERIDiE. 
26 (21) Callorhynchus antarticus. 
Callorhynchus antarticus (Lacep.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 74. 
27 (22) Callorhynchus dasycaudatus. 
Callorhynchus dasycaudatus Colenso, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xi, p. 299, pi., li. 112 
MEMOIRS OE THE RATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
Class of TELEOSTOMES or true Fishes. 
Order MALACOPTERYGII. 
21. HAPLOCHITONID^Ej. 
28 (196) Prototroctes oxyrhynchus. 
Prototroctes oxyrhynchus (Giinth.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., pp.57 (Hector) 123, fig. 21; Arthur, Trans. N. Z. 
Inst., vol. xvix, p. 171. 
22. GALAXIIDiE. 
29 (185) Galaxias alepidotus. 
Galaxis alepidotus (Forst.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 58. 
30 (186) Galaxias fasciatus. 
Galaxias fasciatus (Gray) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., pp. 59 (Hector), 128, fig. 94. 
31 (187) Galaxias brevipinnis. 
Galaxias brevipinnis (Giinth.) Hutton, FishesN. Z., p. 59. 
Galaxias grandis Haast, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 278, vide Hutton, vol. vx, p. 107. 
32 (188) Galaxias olidus. 
Galaxias olidus (Giinth.) Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 270. 
33 (189) Galaxias attenuatus. 
Galaxias attenuatus (Jenyns) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 60, fig. 96. 
34 (190) Neochanna apoda. 
Neochanna apoda (Giinth.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., pp. 61 (Hector), 130, fig. 97. 
23. GONORHYNCHIDiE. 
35 (197) Gonorhynchus greyi. 
Gonorhynchus greyi (Rich.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., pp. 62 (Hector), 119, fig. 98. 
24. CHANEIDiE. 
36 (201) Chanos salmoneus. 
Chanos salmoneus (Forst.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 64, fig. 101. 
25. CLUPEID-ZE. 
37 (199) Clupea sagax. 
Clupea sagax (Jenyns) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 93, fig. 100; Arthur, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xv, p. 208. 
38 (200) Clupea antipodum. 
Clupea sprattus (Linn.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 133; Arthur, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xv, p. 203; Hutton, 
Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xv, p. 270, pi. 12, f.— 
26. STOLEPHORIDiE. 
39 (198) Stolephorus antipodum. 
Engraulis encrasicholus (Linn.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 62, fig. 99. 
Engraulisencrasicholus, var. antipodum (Giinth.) Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 270. 
27. ARGENTXNIDiE. 
40 (195) Argentina decagon. 
Argentina decagon Clarice, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xi, p. 296, pi. 14, f. 
41 (194) Retropinnarichardsonii. 
Retropinna richardsoni (Gill) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., pp. 58, 126, fig. 92. 
Retropinna osmeroides Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. in, p. 134, pi. 19, f. 1. 
Order INIOMI. 
28. AULOPIDiE. 
42 (180) Chlorophthalmus gracilis. 
Clilorophthalmus gracilis Giinth., Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (5), vol. xxi, p. 182. 
29. SYNODONTXDiE. 
43 (179) Bathysaurus ferox. 
Bathysaurus ferox Gunther, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (5), vol. ii, p, 182. 
30. GONOSTOMIDiE. 
44 (191) Phosichthys argenteus. 
Phosichthys argenteus Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 56. 
Phosichthys aro-enteus Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 269, pi. 15, f. MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
113 
31. MAUROLOCIDiE. 
45 (193) Maurolicus australis. 
Maurolicus australis Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vii, p. 250, pi. 11, f. 
Gonostoma australis Hutton, Trans N. Z. Inst., vol. vm, p. 2l5. 
Maurolicus amethystino-pnnctatus (Cocco) G-iintlier, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. 4), vol. xvii, p. 399; 
Trans. N. Inst., vol. ix, p. 472. 
32. MYCTOPHIDiG. 
46 (175) Lampadena parvimanus. 
Scopelusparvimanus (Giinth.?) Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 269, pi. 15, f. [6]. 
47 (176) Myctophum hectoris. 
Scopelus hectoris Giinth., Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), vol. xvii, p. 399,1876; Trans. N./Z. Inst., vo!. 
ix, p.471. 
48 (177) Myctophum boops.* 
Scopelus boops (Rich.) Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 269. 
49 (178) Stenobrachius coruscans.* 
Scopelus coruscans (Rich.) Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 270. 
33. STERNOPTYCHIDAEJ. 
50 (192) Argyropelecus intermedius. 
Argyropelecus intermedius Clarke, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. x, p. 244, pi. 6 (2 fig.) 
Order APODES. 
34. LEPTOCEPHALID2E. 
51 (205) Leptocephalus conger. 
Conger vulgaris (Cuv.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 66, fig. 105. 
52 (206) Congermuraena habentata. 
Congromursena habentata (Rich.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 66, fig. 106. 
35. ANG-UILLIDAG. 
53 (202) Anguilla aucklandica. 
Anguilla aucklandica (Rich.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., pp. 64, (Hector) 131, fig. 102. 
54 (204) Anguilla australis. 
Anguilla australis (Rich.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 65, fig. 104. 
55 (203) Anguilla latirostris. 
Anguilla latirostris (Risso) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 65; Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 271. 
36. OPHICHTHYID-ffi. 
56 (207) Ophisurus serpens, 
Ophisurus serpens (L.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 66. 
37. MURABNIDZE. 
57 (208) Muraena krullii. 
Maursena krullii Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. ix, p. 468, pi. 8, f. [3]. 
Order HETEROMI. 
38. NOTACANTHIDiE. 
58 (209) Notacanthus sexspinis. 
Notacanthus sexspinis (Rich.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 39. 
Order TELEOCEPHALI. 
* Suborder SYNENTOGNATHI. 
39. EXOCCETIDiE.t 
■59 (183) Exocoetus micropterus, 
Exocoetus micropterus (C. and V.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 54. 
60 (184) Exoccetus speculiger. 
Exocoetus speculiger (C. and V.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 55. 
* Sea between Australia and New Zealand (Dr. Hooker).—Hutton. 
‘ tArrhamphus sclerolepis (Giinth.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 54, has been wrongly credited to New Zealand and is 
a Queensland fish (Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 269). 
S. Mis. 169 8 MEMOIES OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
114 
61 (182) Hemirhamplius intermedius. 
Hemirhamplius intermedius (C. and V.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., pp. 53, (Hector) 118, fig. 86. 
62 (181) Scombresox forsteri. 
Scombresox forsteri (C. and F.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 53. 
Suborder PEECESOCES. 
40. SPHYRiENIDiE. 
63 (121) Sphyraena obtusata. 
Sphyraena obtusata (C. and V.) Kirlc, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xn, p. 310, f. 
41. ATHERINIDiE. 
64 (122) Atherina pinguis. 
Atherina pinguis (Lacep.) Kirk, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xn, p. 309, f. 
42. MUGILIDiE. 
65 (123) Mugil cephalotus. 
Mugil perusii (C. and V.f) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 36; Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 264, pi. 9. 
66 (124) Agonostomus forsteri. 
Agonostoma forsteri (Bl.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., pp. 37, 114, (Hector) fig. 58. 
Suborder ACANTHOPTEEYG1I. 
43. BERYCIDJE. 
67 (54) Beryx affinis. 
Beryx affinis Giinth., Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5), vol. xx, p. 238; Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. ix, p. 466, 
pi. 9, f. 
44. TRACHICHTHYIDiE. 
68 (51) Trachichthys elongatus. 
Trachyichthys elongatus (Giintli.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 12. 
69 (52) Trachichthys intermedius. 
Trachichthys intermedius Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vix, p. 245, pi. 11, f. 
70 (53) Trachichthys trailii. 
Trachichthys trailii Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. viii, p. 212; Arthur, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xvii, 
p. 162. 
45. CARANGIDiE. 
71 (63) Caranx georgianus. 
Caranx georgianus (C. and F.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., pp. 16, (Hector) 110, fig. 24. 
72 (64) Caranx koheru. 
Caranx lcoheru Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vii, p. 247, pi. 11, f. 
73 (62) Trachurus trachurus. 
Trachurus trachurus (L.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., pp. 16; (Hector) 110, fig. 23. 
74 (65) Seriola lalandii. 
Seriola lalandii (C. and F.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 17; (Hector) 111, fig. 25. 
75 (71) Naucrates ductor. 
Naucrates ductor S(L.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 18. 
76 (67) Seriolella bilineata. 
Noptomenus bilineatus Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 261, pi. 8, f. 
77 (68) Seriolella porosa. 
Seriolella porosa (Guichen.) Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. viii. p. 211. 
78 (66) Seriolella brama. 
Ncptonemus brama (Giinth.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., pp. 21; (Hector) 112, fig. 31. 
79 (70) Evistius huttoni. 
Platystethus huttoni Giinth., Ann. and Mag. N. Hist. (4), vol. xvii, p. 395; Trans. N. Z. Inst.,vol. ix, 
p. 470; Report on Pelagic Fishes of Challenger, p. 13, pi. 2. 
46. BRAMIDiE. 
80 (77) Brama squamosa. 
Toxotes squamosus Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. viii, p. 210. 
Brama squamosa (Bl.) Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. ix, p. 465, pi. 9, f. 
47. DIRETMIDiE. 
81 (79) Diretmus aureus. *. 
Discus aureus Campbell, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xi, p. 297, pi. 48. STROMATEIDJE. 
82 (69) Neptotichthys violaceus. 
Ditrema violacea Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 261, pi. 8, f. 
Neptotichthys violaceus, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xxii, p. 278. 
49. NOMEIDJE. 
83 (80) Gasteroschisma melampus. 
Gasteroschisma melampus (Rich.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 20; Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vi, p. 104, 
pi. 18, f. 
50. SCOMBRIDiE. 
84 (81) Scomber australasicus. 
Scomber australasicus (C. and F.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., pp. 21, (Hector) 112, fig. 132. 
85 (83) Sarda chilensis. 
Pelamys chilensis (C. and F.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 22. 
86 (82) Lepidothynnus huttoni. 
Lepidothynnus huttoni Ciinth., Report on Pelagic Fishes of Challenger, p. 15, pi. 6, fig. A'. 
51. GEMFYLIDiE. 
87 (59) Thyrsites atun. 
Thyrsites atun (Euphrasen) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., pp. 13, (Hector) 109, fig. 20. 
88 (60) Promethichthys prometheus. 
Thyrsites prometheus (W. and B.) vel T. prometheoides (Bleeker) Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xvi, 
p. 322. 
52. LEFIDOPIDiE. 
89 Lepidopus caudatus. 
Lepidopus caudatus (Euphrasen) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., pp. 13, (Hector) 109, fig. 19; Robson, Trans. N. Z. 
Inst., vol. vm, p. 218. 
90 (58) Benthodesmus elongatus. 
Lepidopus elongatus Clarke, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xi, p. 294, pi. 14, (2 f.). 
53. HISTJOPHORIDiE. 
91 (56) Histiophorus herschelii. 
Histiophorus herschelii (Ch'ag) Hutton, Cat. Fishes N. Z., p. 14; Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. n, p. 13, 
pi. f.; vol. vm, p. 216. 
54. XIPHIIDiE. 
92 (55) Xiphias gladius. 
Ziphius gladius (Linn) Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vn, p, 246; vol. vm, p. 219. 
Xiphias gladius Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vm, p. 211. 
55. LAMPRIDIDiE. 
93 (78) Lampris guttatus. 
Lampris luna (Risso) Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xvi, p. 322. 
56. ZEIDiE. 
94 (72) Zeus faber. 
Zeus faber (L.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., pp. 18, (Hector), 111, fig. 27. 
95 (74) Cyttus australis. 
Cyttus australis (Rich.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., pp. 19, (Hector) 112, fig. 28. 
96 (73) Cyttus novee-zelandice. 
Zeus novse-zelandiae Arthur, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xvii, p. 163, pi. 14, f. 3. 
97 (75) Rhombocyttus traversi. 
Cyttus traversi Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 19; Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 261, pi. 9, f. 
57. CAPROIDiE. 
98 (76) Capromimus abbreviatus. 
Platystethus abbreviatus Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vn, p. 247, pi. 11, f. 
Capros abbreviatus Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. ix, p. 465. 
Cyttus abbreviatus Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xxii, p. 279. 
58. TEUTHIDIDZE. 
99 (61) Teuthis triostegus. 
Acanthurus triostegus (L.) Hutton, Cat. Fishes N. Z., p. 15. 
MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
115 116 
MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
59. SERRANIDiE. 
100 (23) Pseudanthias lepidopterus. 
Scorpis hectori Hutton, Fishes N. Z., pp. 4, (Hector) 106, fig. 4. 
Anthias lepidoptera Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. ix, p. 353. 
101 (24) Pseudanthias longimanus. 
Scorpis hectori Hatton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 259, pi. 7, f. 
Scorpis fairchildi Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vn, p.241. 
102 (25) Gilbertia huntii. 
Plectropoma huntii Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vii, p. 241, pi. 10, f. 
103(26) Polyprion prognathus. 
Oligorus gigas (Oiuen) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., pp. 1, (Hector) 102, fig. 1. 
Oligorus gadoides {Sol.) Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. V, p. 259. 
Polyprion prognathus (Forster) Gunther, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (5) vol. xx, p. 236. 
60. LUTJANIDiE (?). 
104 (28) Plagiogeneion rubiginosus. 
Therapon f rubiginosus Hatton, Trans. N. Zflnst., vol. vm, p. 209. 
61. ARRIFIDIDiE. 
105 (29) Emmelichthys nitidus. 
Erytrichthys nitidus (Richardson) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 3. 
106 (30) Arripis trutta. 
Arripis salar (Rich.) Hatton, Fishes N. Z., pp. 2, (Hector) 105, fig. 2. 
62. FENTACEROTIDiE. 
107 (27) Pseudopentaceros richardsonii. 
Pentaceros richardsonii (Smith) Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xxii, p. 277. 
63. KYPHOSIDiE or FIMELEPTERIDiE. 
108 (31) Atypichtliys strigatus. 
Atypus strigatus (Giinth.) Kirk, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xii, p. 308. 
109 (33) Incisidens simplex. 
Girella percoides Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vii, p. 243, pi. 10, f. 
Girella simplex (Rich.) Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. ix, p. 468, pi. 8, f. 
Pimelepterus drewii Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xix, p. 590. 
Ctenolabrus ? knoxii Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 265, 308, pi. 10, f. 
64. SPARIDiE. 
110 (35) Sparosomus auratus. 
Pagrus unicolor (Quoy and Gaim.) Hutton, Fishes N. /., pp. 6, (Hector) 106, fig. 7; Trans. N. Z. Inst., 
vol. ix, p. 353. 
65. MULLIDiE.* 
111 (32) Upeneichthys vlamingii. 
Upcneoides vlamingii Hatton, Fishes N. Z., p. 5. 
Upeneichthys vlamingii Hatton, Proc. N. Z. Inst., vol. ix, p. 465, pi. 9, f. 
66. POMACENTRIDJE. 
112 (135) Dascyllus aruanus. 
Dascyllus aruanus (L.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 42. 
67. LABRIDiE. 
113 (136) Lepidaplois oxycephalus. 
Cossyphus unimaculatus (Giinth.) Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xvi, p. 323. 
114 ( ) Duymasria flagellifera? 
Duymseria flagellifera (T. and S. ) Hector, Trans. N. Z. I., vol. xxii, p. 527, 1890. 
115 (137) Pseudolabrus fucicola. 
Labrichthys bothryocosmus (Rich.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., pi. 7 (fig. only). 
Labrichthys fucicola (Rich.) Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. V, p. 265. 
116 ( ) Fseudolobrus roseipunctatus. 
Labrichthys roseipunctatus Hutton, Trans. N. Z. I., vol. xn, p. 455. 
117 (138) Pseudolabrus bothryocosmus. 
Labrichthys bothryocosmus (Rich.) Hatton, Fishes N. Z., p. 43 (not fig.); Hatton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. 
v, p.265, pi. 10,' f 
"Upeneichthys porosus (C. and V. ) Hatton, Fishes N. Z., p. 5, has been since eliminated by Prof. Hutton. MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
117 
118 (139) Pseudolabrus miles. 
Labrichthys psittacula (Rich.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 43; Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. iv, p. 265, pi. 10, f. 
Labrichthys coccinea (Forst.) Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. ix, p. 354. 
119 (140) Pseudolabrus celidotus. 
Labrichthys celidotus (Forst.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 42; Gunther, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., (4) vol. 
xvn, p. 398. 
120 (141) Pseudolabrus cinctus. 
Labrichthys cincta Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. ix, p. 354. 
121 (142) Pseudolabrus laticlavius. 
Labrichthys laticlavius (Rich.) Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xvi, p. 323. 
122 (143) Cymolutes sandeyeri. 
Cymolutes sandeyeri Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xvi, p. 323. 
68. ODACIDJE3. 
123 (144) Odax vittatus. 
Odax vittatus (Sol.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z. p. 43; Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 266; pi., vol. vm, p. 214; 
vol. xii, p. 310; Arthur, vol. xvn, p. 169, pi. 14, f. 7. 
124 (145) Coridodax pullus. 
Coridodax pullus (Forst.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., pp. 44, (Hector) 114, fig.71; Knox, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. 
in, p. 130, pi. 18, f. 2. 
69. HAPLODACTYLIDiE. 
125 (34) Haplodactylus meandratus. 
Chironemus georgianus Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 7. 
Haplodactylus meandratus (Rich.) Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vn, p. 241, pi. 10, f.; Hutton, Trans. 
N. Z. Inst., vol. vm, p. 211. 
Haplodactylus donaldi Haast, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 272, pi. 16, f. 
126 (36) Chironemus furgussoni. 
Haplodactylus fergussoni Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vii, p. 243. 
Haplodactylus furgussoni Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. ix, p. 467, pi. 8,f. 
127 (—) Goniistius zonatus. 
Chilodactylus zonatus (Guv. and Val.) Hector, Trans. N. Z. I. Inst., vol. xxn, p. 527, 1890. 
128 (37) Chilodactylus macropterus. 
Chilodactylus macropterus (Forst.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., pp. 8, (Hector) 107, fig. 10. 
129 (38) Chilodactylus spectabilis. 
Chilodactylus spectabilis Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 8; Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 259, pi. 7, f. 
130 (39) Chilodactylus douglasi. 
Chilodactylus douglasi Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vii, p. 244, pi. 10, f. 
131 (40) Chilodactylus carponemus. 
Chilodactylus carponemus (Giinth.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 7. 
132 (41) Mendosoma lineata. 
Mendosoma lineata Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 260, pi. 7, f. (excl. syn. part.). 
Mendosoma lineatum (Gay) Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. ix, p. 353. 
133 (42) Latris lineata. 
Scisena lineata Forster. 
Latris hecateia (Rich.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 8, (Hector) 107, fig. 12. 
134 (43) Latris ciliaris. 
Latris ciliaris (Forst.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 9, (Hector) 108, fig. 13. 
135 (44) Latris eerosa. 
Latris serosa Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. ix, p. 353. 
70. SCORPAENIDiE. 
136 (45) Sebastapistes percoides. 
Sebastes percoides (Solander) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 9, (Hector) 108; Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, 
p. 261, pi. 8, f.; Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. ix, p. 353. 
137 (47) Sebastapistes barathri. 
Scorpaena barathri Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vii, p. 245, pi. 9, f. 
138 (46) Scorpaena cottoides. 
Scorpaena cruenta (Solander) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 9; Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 261, pi. 8, f. 
139 (48) Scorpaena byssoensis. 
Scorpaena byssoensis (Rich.) Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xvi, p. 323. 
140 (50) Cottapistus cottoides. 
Prosopodasys cottoides (L.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 11. 118 
MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
71. COTTIDiE* 
141 (100) Neophrynichthys latus. 
Psychrolutes latus Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. yin, p. 214. 
Neophrynichthys latus Giinth., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), v. xvii, p. 395; Arthur, Trans. N. Z. Inst., 
vol. xvii, p. 166, pi. 14, f. 5, 5a; Gill, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. xi, p, 327, pi. 41. 
72. CONGIOPODIDiE. 
142 (49) Congiopodus leucopcecilus. 
Agriopus leucopcecilus {Rich.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 11; Hutton, Trans.‘N. Z. Inst., vol. vm, p. 211. 
73. FERCOPHIDiE. 
143 (90) Parapercis colias. 
Percis colias (Forst.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 25, (Hector) 113, fig. 38. 
144 (91) Parapercis gilliesii. 
Percis gilliesii Hutton, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (5), vol. in, p. 53. 
145 (93) Cheimarrichthys forsteri. 
Cheimarrichthys forsteri Haast, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vi, p. 103, pi. 18, f. [4], 
74. NOTOTHENIIDiE. 
146 (94) Notothenia maoriensis. 
Notothenia coriiceps (Rich.?) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 26. 
Notothenia maoriensis Haast, Trans. N. Z. Inst , vol. v, p. 276, pi. 16, f.; vol. vm, p. 212. 
147 (95) Notothenia angustata. 
Notothenia angustata Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vm, p. 213. 
148 (96) Notothenia cornucola. 
Notothenia cornucola (Rich.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 26; Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 262. 
149 (97) Notothenia arguta. 
Notothenia arguta Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xi, p. 339. 
150 (98) Notothenia microlepidota. 
Notothenia microlepidota Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vm, p. 213. 
151 (99) Notothenia parva. 
Notothenia parva Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xi, p. 339. 
75. BOVICHTHYIDiE. 
152 (92) Bovichthys variegatus. 
Bovichthys variegatus (Rich.?) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 24; Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 262. 
76. URANOSCOFIDiE. 
153 (85) Genyagnus maculatus. 
Uranoscopus maculatus (Forster) Rich. 
Kathetostoma monopterygium (Bloch) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 23; Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 104. 
Synnema monopterygium Haast, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 274. 
Anema monopterygium Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xxii, p. 279; Gunther, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 
(4), vol. xvn, p. 394. 
Kathetostoma giganteum Haast, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 274, pi. 16, f. 
154 (86) Kathetostoma lasvis. 
Kathetostoma lseve (Bloch) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 23. 
155 (87) Kathetostoma fluviatilis. 
kathetostoma fluviatilis Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 24. 
77. LEPTOSCOPIDiE. 
156 (88) Leptoscopus macropygus. 
Leptoscopus huttonii Haast, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 275, pi. 16, f. 
Leptoscopus tricolor Haast, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 276. 
Leptoscopus macropygus (Rich) Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vi, p. 106; Gunther, Ann. and Mag. Nat. 
Hist. (4), vol. xvn, p. 394. 
157 (89) Crapatalus novae-zelandiae. 
Crapatalus novpe-zelandise Giinther, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (3), vol. vn, p. 87; Hutton, Trans. N. Z. 
Inst., vol. vm, p. 212. 
Leptoscopus (?) angusticeps Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vi, p. 106, f. 
Leptoscopus robsoni Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vn, p. 248. 
Leptoscopus canis Arthur, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xvn, p. 165, pi. 14, f. 4. 
*The Triglidse are doubtless genetically related to tlie mail-cheeked acanthopterygians, but deviate so much by 
the crowding out of place of the posterotemporals, and the dissolution of the posttemporals from the scapular arch 
and their intimate union with the cranium, that they are isolated in a special suborder, and consequently have to 
take a different place in the system (178-180). 
\ MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
119 
78. HEMEROCCEJTIDiE. 
.158 (108) Hemeroccetes acanthorhynchus. 
Hemeroccetes acanthorhynchus (Forst.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 37. 
79. GOBIIDiE. * 
159 (106) Gobiomorphus gobioides. 
Eleotris gobioides (C. and V.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p.29; Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst.,vol. v, p. 263,pi. 15. f. 
160 (107) Eleotris radiata. 
Eleotris radiata (Quoy and Gaim.) Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 263, pi. 9, f. 
161 (105) Gobius lentiginosus. 
* Gobius lentiginosus (Rich.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 29. 
80. CLINIDiE. 
162 (109) Ericentrus rubrus. 
Sticharium rubrum Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 33. 
Clinus rubrus Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 264, pi. 9, f. 
163 (110) Cologrammus flavescens. 
Sticharium flavescens Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 33. 
Clinus flavescens Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 264, pi. 15, f. 
164 (111) Cristiceps australis. 
Cristiceps australis (C. and V.) Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p.264. 
165 (112) Tripterygion tripinne. 
Tripterygium forsteri (C. and V. )Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 31. 
Tripterygium forsteri Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. ix, p. 354. 
166 (113) Tripterygion decemdigitatum. 
Tripterygium decemdigitatus Clarke, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xi, p. 292, pi. 15, f. 
167 (114) Tripterygion medium. 
Tripterygium medium (Giinth.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 32. 
168 (115) Tripterygion dorsale. 
Tripterygium dorsalis Clarke, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xi, p. 291, pi. 15, f. 
169 (116) Tripterygion varium. 
Tripterygium varium (Forst.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 33; Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xxn, p. 280. 
Tripterygium nigripenne (C. and F.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 31; Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 263; vol. ix, 
p. 354. 
170 (117) Tripterygion robustum. 
Tripterygium robustum, Clarke, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xi, p. 292, pi. 15, f. 
Tripterygium jenniugsi Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xi, p. 339. 
171 (118) Notoclinus fenestratus. 
Tripterygium fenestratum (Forst.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 32. 
Auchenopterus fenestratus (Forst.) Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xxii, p. 281. 
Tripterygium compressum Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 263, pi. 15, f.; vol. vm, p. 214; Arthur, 
Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xvii, p. 168, pi. 14, f. 6. 
Auchenopterus compressus Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. ix, p. 354. 
81. AC ANTHO CLINIDiE. 
172 (119) Acanthoclinus litoreus. 
Acanthoclinus littoreus (Forst.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z.,p. 34. 
173 (120) Acanthoclinus taumaka. 
Acanthoclinus taumaka Clarke, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xi, p. 293, pi. 15, f. 
82. GADOPSIDiE. 
174 (157) Gadopsis mannoratus. 
Gadopsismarmoratus (Rich.) Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xxii, p. 282 (fide “Rich.; Ann. Mag.Nat. Hist., 
ser. 4,vol. i, p. 342.”—Keference erroneous—See Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. ix, p. 467). 
83. LYCODIDiE. 
175 (146) Hypolycodes haastii. 
Hypolycodes haastii Hector, Traus. N. Z. Inst., vol. xm, p. 194. 
84. BROTULIDiE. 
176 (155) Dinematichthys consobrinus. 
Dinematichthys consobrinus Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vm, p. 217; Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. 
ix, p. 466, pi. 9, f. 
*Gobius auiiciensis (C. and V.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z. p. 29, eliminated afterwards by Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. 
v, x>- 263, as an inhabitant of Now Ireland. The generic relations of Eleotris radiata are unknown. 120 
MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
85. OPHIDIIDiE.* 
177 (156) Genypterus blacodes, 
Genypterus blacodes (Forst.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., pp. 48, (Hector) 116, f. 77. 
• ■ 
Suborder CRANIOMI. 
86. TRIGLIDiE. 
178 (104) Trigla kumu. 
Trigla kumu (Less, and Gam.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., pp. 28, (Hector) 113, fig. 42. 
179 ( ) Lepidotrigla vanessa. 
Trigla vanessa (Bicli.) Hector, Trans. N. Z. lust., vol. xxii, p. 530, 1890. 
180 (103) Lepidotrigla brachyptera. 
Lepidotrigla brachyoptera Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 27; Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 263, pi. 15, f. 
Suborder T.ENIOSOMI. 
87. TRACHYPTERIDJE. 
181 (132) Trachypterus altivelis. 
Trachypterus altivelis (Kner?) Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 264; vol. vm, p. 214. 
182 (133) Trachypterus arawata. 
Trachypterus arawata Clarke, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xm, p. 195, fig. 
88. REGALECIDiE. 
183 (130) Regalecus pacificus 
Regalecus pacificus Haast, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. x, p. 247, pi. 7; Powell, Trans. N. Z.Inst., vol. xi, p. 
269. 
Regalecus gladius (Wall).) Hutton, Fishes N. Z.,p. 35. 
184 (131) Regalecus argenteus. 
Regalecus argenteus Parker, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xvi, p. 284, pi. 23,24; vol. xx, p. 20. 
( ) Regalecus . 
Regalecus grilli (Lindroth) Forbes, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. xxiv, p. 193. 
Suborder XENOPTERYG1L 
89. GOBIESOCIDiE. 
185 (126) Diplocrepis puniceus. 
Diplocrepis puniceus (Rich.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 40; Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. viii, p. 214. 
186 (127) Trachelochismus pinnulatus. 
Trachelochismus piunulatus (Forst.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 40; Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vm, p. 
214, 
187 (128) Trachelochismus guttulatus. 
Trachelochismus guttulatus Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 41. 
188 (129) Crepidogaster hectoris. 
Crepidogaster hectoris Giintli., Ann. and Mag. Nat, Hist. (4), vol. xvii, p. 396; Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. 
ix, p. 471. 
Suborder DISCOCEPHALI. 
90. ECHENEIDIDiE. 
189 (84) Remora brachyptera. 
Echeneis brachyptera (Lowe) Hutton, Trans. N. A. Inst., vol. vm, p. 217. 
Suborder ANACANTHINI. 
91. GADIDiE. 
190 (152) Lotella rhacina. 
Lotella rhacinus (Forst.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z.,p. 46; Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v. p. 266; vol. vi, 
(opp. p. 104), pi. 18, f. 
191 (150) Pseudophycis bacchus. 
Pseudophycis bachus (Forst.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., pp. 46, (Hector) 115, fig. 75. 
192 (151) Pseudophycis breviusculus. 
Pseudophycis breviusculus (Rich.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p.47, fig. 76. 
* The ophidioidean fishes are naturally related to the hlennioidean, and have no special characters in common 
with the gadoidean and only a vague external resemblance. MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
193 (149) Halargyreus johnsonii. 
Halargyreus johnsonii (Gtinth.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 45. 
194 (153,) Onoa novae-zelandiae. 
Motella novse-zealandi® Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vi, p. 107, pi. 18, f. 
195 (147) Bathygadus cottoides. 
Bathygadus cottoides Giinth., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (5), vol. ii, p. 23; Report on Deep-sea Fishes of 
Challenger. 
92. MERLUCIIDiE. 
196 (148) Merlucius gayi. 
Gadus australis Hutton, Fishes N. Z., pp. 45, (Hector) 115, fig. 72. 
Merlucius gayi ? Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p, 265. 
93. BREGMACEROTIDiE. 
197 (154) Auchenoceros punctatus. 
Calloptilum punctatuni Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 267, pi. 11, f. 
Bregmaceros punctatus Gunther, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (4). vol. xvn, p. 398. 
Auchenoceros punctatus Giinth., Report on Pelagic Fishes of Challenger, p. 26, pi. 3. 
94. MACRURIDiE. 
198 (161) Macruronus novae-zealandiae. 
Coryphaenoides novse-zealandiae (Hector) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 49, fig. 79; Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., 
vol. v, p. 267. 
199 (160) Trachyrhynchus longirostris. 
Macrurus longirostris Giinth., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (5), vol. ii, p. 23. 
200 (159) Nematonurus annatus. 
Macrurus armatus Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vn, p. 249, pi. 11, f. 
201 (162) Optonurus denticulatus. 
Coryphaenoides denticulatus (Rich.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 49, fig. 80. • 
202 (163) Chalinuramurrayi. 
Coryphaenoides murrayi Giinth., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (5), vol. ri, p. 26. 
203 (164) Macrurus serrulatus. 
Coryphaenoides serrulatus Giinth., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (5), vol. ii, p. 26. 
204 (158) Ccelorhynchus australis. 
Macururus australis (Rich.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., i>. 49, fig. 78; Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 267. 
Suborder HETEROSOMATA. 
95. PLEURONECTIDiE. 
205 (166) Caulopsetta scaphus. 
Pseudorhombus scaphus (Forst.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 51, f. 82. 
206 (167) Caulopsetta boops. 
Pseudorhombus boops Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vii, p. 249, pi. 11, f. 
207 (165) Brachypleura novae-zealandiae. 
Brachypleura novae-zealandiae (Giinth.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 50. 
208 (168) Ammotretis rostratus. 
Ammotretis rostratus (Giinth.) Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vm, p. 215. 
209 (169) Ammotretis guentheri. 
Ammotretis giintheri Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 267, pi. 11, f. 
210 (170) Rhombosolea plebeia. 
Rhombosolea monopus (Giinth.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., pp. 51, (Hector) 117, fig. 83. 
Bowenia novae-zealandiae Haast, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 277, pi. 16, f. 
211 (171) Rhombosolea flesoides. 
Rhombosolea leporina (Giinth.) Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 268, pi. 11, f. 
Rhombosolea flesoides Giinth., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (3), vol. xi, p. 117; Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., 
vol. viii, p. 215. 
212 (172) Rhombosolea tapirina. 
Rhombosolea tapirina (Giinth.), Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), vol. xvn, p.399; Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., 
vol. Vi, p. 106; Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst,, vol. viii, p. 215. 
213 (173) Rhombosolea retiaria. 
Rhombosolea tapirina (Giinth.) Hector, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 268, pi. 13, f. 
Rhombosolea retiaria#i7K«o«, Trans. N. Z. lust., vol. vi, p. 107. 
214 (174) Peltorhamphus novae-zealandiae. 
Peltorhamphus novae-zealandiae (Giinth.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 52, fig. 84. 
121 122 
MEMOIRS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
Order HEMIBRANCHII. 
96. MACRORHAMPHOSIDiE. 
215 (125) Centriscops humerosus. 
Centriscus humerosus (Rich.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 38. 
Order LOPHOBRANCHII. 
97. SYNGNATHIDiE. 
216 (209) Siphostoma pelagica. 
Syngnathus pelagicus (L.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 67. 
217 (210) Siphostoma blainvilliana. 
Syngnathus hlainvillianus (Eydoux and Soul.) Hatton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. ix, p. 472; Gunther, Ann. 
and Mag. Nat. Hist. (4), vol. xvii, p. 402, 1876. 
218 (211) Doryichthys elevatus. 
Doryichthys elevatus Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 68. 
219 (212) Ichthyocampus filum. 
Ichthyocampus filum (Giinth.) Hutton, Fishes N Z., p. 68. 
220 (213) Stigmatophora longirostris. 
Stigmatopliora longirostris Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 69; Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. viii, p. 216. 
98. HIPPOCAMPID^E. 
221 (214) Solegnathus spinosissimus. 
Solenognathus spinosissimus (Giinth.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 69; Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 
271. 
222 (215) Hippocampus abdominalis. 
Hippocampus abdominalis (Lesson) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 70. 
Order PLECTOGNATHI. 
99. BALISTIDiE. 
223 (216) Monacanthus scaber. 
Monacanthus convexirostris (Giinth.) Hutton, FishesN. Z., p.71, fig. 114; TransN.Z. Inst., vol. v, p,271; 
vol. ix, p. 354 (identified with Batistes scaber, F.) 
100. OSTRACIONTIDiE. 
224 (217) Ostracion fornasini. 
Ostracion fornasini (Blanc. ?) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 71. 
Aracana aurita (Shaw) Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 271. 
101. TETRAODONTIDiE. 
225 (218) Amblyrhynchotus richei. 
Tetrodon richei ( Freminv.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 72. 
102. DIODONTIDiE. 
226 (219) Dicotylichthys jaculiferus. 
Chilomycterus jaculiferus (Cuv.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 73. 
Dicotylichthys jaculiferus Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 271. 
103. MOLIDiE. 
227 (220) Mola mola. 
Orthagoriscus truncatus Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 73. 
Orthagoriscus mola (L.) Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. v, p. 271; vol. 18, p. 135. 
Order PEDICULATI. 
104. ANTENNARIIDiE. 
228 (101) Saccarius lineatus. 
Saccarius lineatus (Giinth.) Hutton, Fishes N. Z., p. 30. 
105. CERATIIDiE. 
229 (102) Ailgaeonichthys appellii. 
HSgoeonichthys appellii Clarke, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. x, p. 245, pi. 6, (5 fig.). NOTES. 
The reasons for most of the numerous changes in nomenclature apparent in the previous cata- 
logue will be obvious to'those who are sufficiently acquainted with the literature of ichthyology. 
There are, however, a number of new generic names, which may be indicated in the following notes, 
with the reasons in brief for giving them. The numbers prefixed refer to those in the preceding 
catalogue. 
Note 1 (46-49).—The scopeloid fishes have been examined recently by Drs. Goode and Bean, 
who have had large collections to base their researches upon. Dr. Goode has kindly given me the 
results of his investigations, and the species enumerated in the catalogue have been named on his 
authority. Lampadena is a new genus, established by Drs. Goode and Bean, and will be published 
in their forthcoming work on deep-sea fishes. 
Note 2 (51,52).—The leptocephaloid fishes enumerated are the mature forms. Larval forms, 
however, appear in Prof. Hutton’s list under the following names and numbers: 
225. Leptocephalus longlrostris (Kaup) Haast, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vn, 238,1875. 
226. Leptocephalus altus (Rich.) Hutton, Trans. N. Z. Inst., vol. vm, 215, 1876. 
One (225) may be the larva of the conger and the other (226) of the Gongermurcena, but the 
identification is extremely doubtful, and can only be effected when more data are at hand. 
Note 3 (79).—The Platystethus huttonii of Gunther does not belong to the genus so named by 
that naturalist, but is distinguished by the many-rayed first dorsal (13 spines); it may therefore 
be called Evistius (< ev, augmentative + iffriov, sail). The u Platystethus cultratum” can not 
retain that name, as Platystethus had been used long previously by Mannerheim (1830) and Erichson 
(1840) for a genus of beetles; it may be called Bathystethus ((3oc6vs, deep) cultratus. 
Note 4 (88).—The generic name Prometheus having been used by Hubner for a group of 
lepidopterous insects in 1822-26, the genus called by the same name in 1839 by Lowe must 
receive another, and, to make the change as little as possible, may be called Promethichthys 
(< npoprfirfi, wary + lx@vs, fish). 
Note 5 (94-98).—Most of the Zeidce of New Zealand are destitute of the shields which are 
characteristic of Zeus. 
Cyttus has a form resembling that of Zeus, and is represented by the two species C. australis 
and C. novcc-zelandke. 
Rhombocyttus is nearly related to Cyttus, but is distinguished by its angulated high rhombi- 
forin body and elongated filiform dorsal spines as well as ventral rays. The only species is R. 
traversi 
Capromimus has the aspect of the genus Gapros and has an oblong subrhombiform body, 7 
pungent dorsal spines, dorsal and anal increasing backwards, and ventrals with 6 rays besides the 
spine. The only species is G. abbreviatus = Platystethus abbreviatus Hector. Possibly the genus 
may prove not to be a caproid when anatomically examined. 
Note 6 (110).—Sparosomus auratus is more different from Pagrus than that group (represented 
by its type) is from Sparus or Pagellus, and is differentiated by the obsolescence of the inner lateral 
crests. 
Note 7 (162).—The Stichariumrubrum or Glinus rubrus of Hutton is distinguished from other 
fishes by the combination of a form like that of Glinus with a dorsal having many spines (about 40) 
and only about 1 ray. It is therefore named Pricentrus rubrus augmentative + nevrpov, 
spine); rubrus is accepted from Prof. Hutton, as it is an alternative (although rare) for ruber. 
123 124 
MEMOIKS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
Note 8 (103).—The Stickarium flavescens or Clinus flavescens of Hutton is differentiated from 
other types (and especially Ericentrus) by the form, more nearly even dorsal with a short-rayed 
portion (about 38 spines -f 6 rays), and imperfect lateral line; it may appropriately be desig- 
nated as Cologrammus (koAos, curtailed -f ypapjua, line). 
Note 9 (171).—The Tripterygion fenestratum of most authors appears to be distinguished from 
the typical species of Tripterygion by the less divided dorsal with a shorter median portion and by 
the form of the sub-perculum, as well as general asi>ect. It may therefore be called Notoclinus fen 
estratus. 
Note 10 (205, 20G).—The Pleuronectes scaplius of Forster and Pseudorliombus hoops of Hector 
constitute a peculiar genus, viz: 
Catjlopsetta.—Psettine Pleuronectids with u teeth rather large, conical, pointed, the lateral 
ones of the upper jaw the shortest,” lateral line with a distinct arch in’front, “scales ctenoid,” 
mouth moderate, interorbital area very narrow, arid numerous dorsal and anal rays. (<R>uAo?, 
stalk quasi ray + Wgrtu, flatfish, in analogy with Polycaulus Gunther.) 
Type C. scaplius — Pseudorhombus scaplius (Forst.) Hutton. 
The genus is apparently related to Arnoglossus, Syacium, and Githarichthys rather than to Para- 
lichthys (= Pseudorliombus). The long base of the ventral on the ridge of the abdomen, the compara- 
tively short mandible, and the absence of any caudal constriction widely separate it from Pseu- 
dorliombus or Paraliclitliys.