nvr yauxtttyyii, 
OF THE 
CONTAINING 
CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF MEMBERS, 
BY-LAWS, 
AND 
CODE OF MEDICAL ETHICS. 
ADOPTED APRIL 8, 1867. 
E. B. SPOONER & SON, BOOlf & JOB PRINTERS, 32 COURT STREET. 
1867. ORGANIZATION OF THE SOCIETY. 
Ojst Monday, February 22, 1822, Drs. Charles Ball, 
Matthew Wendell, John Carpenter, W. D. Creed, 
Francis II. Dubois, and Adrian Yanderveer, practicing 
physicians in the County of Kings, met in the Tillage of 
Flatbush to discuss the propriety of forming a County 
Medical Society. 
An adjourned meeting was held in the Tillage of Brook- 
lyn, March 2, 1822, when it was decided to organize, and 
the following officers were elected : 
Cornelius Law, President. 
Matthew Wendell, Vice-President. 
Adrian Tanderyeer, Secretary. 
John Carpenter, Treasurer. 
March 8—By-laws for the government of the Society 
were adopted. Utotwligiaf fffaf e{ Ufmte. 
Members wbo formed the Society March 8,1822. 
' Low.... (licensed), 1782. 
* Francis IT. Dubois. “ 1802. 
* Matthew Wendell ...1804. 
*Jos. G. T. Hunt ....»*.• 1804. 
Ball 1800. 
*Wm. D Creed 1809. 
*John Carpenter 1812. 
Vanderveer 1818. 
*Tbos. W. Henry 1820. 
NAME. 
L. Hurd 
GRADUATE OF. WHEN I 
Yale Medical College...., 
ELECTED. 
1823. 
N. Smith 
1824. 
f Nelson A. Garrison 
.Lie. K. C. M S., Mch. 15, 1824... 
1825. 
j George Cox.„ 
1825* 
*John Cole 
1827. 
*Thos. J. Jones 
.College Phys. and Sur., N. Y...< 
,1829. 
*J. B. Zabriskie 
,University of.Pennsylvania....... 
,1829. 
* Lucius Hyde 
. State Medical Society 
.1829. 
*Isaac I. Rapelyea 
.College Phys. and Sur., N. Y.... 
F. W. Ostrander 
. N. Y. State Medical Society 
. 1829. 
*J. C. Fanning 
.College Phys. and Sur., N. Y... 
.1829. 
*Fred. Bnckeloa 
1829. 
*Peter McGivney 
. Orange Co. Medical Society 
.1831. 
Clias. Rowland 
.Yale Medical College 
.1831. 
*W. H. Van Sinderin... 
.College Phys. and Sur., N. Y... 
.1831. 
E. W. Adams... 
.Lie. Rensselaer Co., N. Y 
.1832. 
W. G. Hunt 
. College Phys. and Sur., N. Y... 
.1832. 
*R. Edmonds 
u u u u 
.1832. 
.University of Pennsylvania. 
*Jas. E. Dubois 
.College Phys. and Sur., N. Y... 
.1833. 
*JohnV. E. Vanderhoof. 
.Lie. K.C.M. S 
.1833. 
j- Cyrus Frink 
.Cambridge 
J. S. Thorne 
.College Phys and Sur., N. Y... 
.1833. 
*Samuel Boyd 
44 4fc 44 44 
. 1834. 
F. W. Hurd 
. N. Y. State Medical Society.... 
*Purcell Cooke 
.Yale Medical College...... CHRONOLOGICAL LIST. 
5 
*Thos. B. Downing.... 
..College Phys. and Sur., N. Y... 
.1835. 
Joseph Howard 
66 tt a u 
.1835. 
f S. 0. Merwin 
..University of Pennsylvania 
.1835. 
T. L. Mason 
.. College Phys. and Sur., N. Y.... 
.1835. 
C. L. Cooke 
..Yale Medical College 
.1835. 
X John F. Tarbell 
.. N. Y. State Medical Society.... 
.1835. 
T. F. King 
.. University, State of N. Y 
*llenry Willsher 
.. (London) 
*Samuel Hart 
1835. 
*A. Van Felt 
. .(Herkimer Co., N. Y.) 
.1835. 
*J. W. Brooks 
. .Jefferson College, Penn 
..1835. 
f A. C.Post..' 
.. College Phys. and Sur., N. Y... 
.1835. 
Geo. Gilllillan 
a u 44 
.1836. 
*G. C. Ball . .. 
. .N. Y. State Medical Society 
]Fad ley Parker 
..Dartmouth College 
I). M. Schoonmaker... 
.. Universitv, State of N. Y 
W. H. Dexter 
.. N. Y. State Medical Society 
,..1837. 
f Henry F. Spear 
..Williams College 
0. It. McClellan 
. .University of Maryland 
.1839. 
fJ.J. Hulburt 
.. College Phys. and Sur., N. Y.... 
.1839. 
J. C. Halsey 
44 44 44 (4 (( 
.1839. 
f Dayton Decker 
44 44 44 44 44 
.1839. 
Geo. I. Bennett 
.. University, City of N. Y 
Win. K. Brown 
... Dartmouth 
. 1842. 
X Robert Rossman . * 
...College Phys. and Sur., N. Y... 
. 1842. 
* Dudley Atkins 
..(Philadelphia) 
f David F. Atwater..... 
..Yale Medical College 
Ezekiel Ostrander..... 
.. Columbia College r 
f John W. Corson 
..Albany Medical College 
Rufus Belden 
.. (Pittsfield) 
f J ohn H. Moriarty. ... 
..Cambridge T _ 
W. C. Betts 
..Yale Medical College 
Jas. H. Henry 
..Williams College. ,. 
McMillan 
.. N. Y. State Medical Society.-.. 
Wm. Swift 
.. College Phys. and Sur., N. Y.... 
.1843. 
Wm. Henry Dudley. .. 
4. U 44 44 44 
# • • • 
.1843. 
Jas. 1J. Hutchins 
..Yale Medical Society 
.1843. 
*John McKenna 
U 66 U 
I 84 4. 
Henry J. Cullen 
..University State of N. Y., Geneva. 1844. 
*T. Anderson Wade.... 
.. Berkshire Medical College 
Henry L. Benjamin.. 
..College Phys. and Y... 
.1844. 
f Samuel J. Osborne.... 
4< 44 44 44 44 
.1844. 
f Andrew Otterson 
. .University, City of N. Y 
.1844. 
Chauncey L. Mitchell.. 
..College Phys. and Sur., N. Y.. , 
.1845. 
Daniel Ayres, Jr., 
..University, City of N. Y 
.1845. 
Clias. Brunninghausen.. 
.. “ Berlin, Prussia 
J as. D. Trask 
. .University, City of N. Y 
John F. Morse 
66 44 66 
.1845 
*J. P. Colgan, Sen.,.... 
..Jefferson Medical College, Penn. 
.1845. 6 
CHRONOLOGICAL LIST. 
*John Cochran 
. College Thys. and Sur., N. Y... 
.. 1847. 
Otto Rotton 
U (4 U U U 
Ulric PMmedo *... 
• Gottengen, Berlin 
James Crane 
.Jefferson Medical College, Penn. 
..1847. 
Daniel Brooks 
• Castleton'Medical College, Art... 
,. .1847. 
*E. N. Chapman 
.Jefferson Medical College, Penn, 
...1847. 
f Chas. S. Skelton....... 
.Yale Medical College 
f E. C. Franklin. 
. University, City of N. Y...... 
John A. Betts 
. Yale Medical College 
..1848. 
f Benjamin Weeks 
. Castleton Medical College, Vt . 
..1848. 
f Matthew H. Hudson.... 
.Berkshire “ “ ...... 
John Ball ... 
.University, City of N. Y.*..... 
Wm. II. Williams 
.Yale Medical College 
..1848. 
Edward Haggerty 
. University of Maryland 
..1848. 
f Garrett V. Manley..... . 
.Castleton Medical College, Vt.. 
..1849. 
* Titus W. Powers 
.Yale Medical College 
* Augustus Kalt 
• University, Bonn, Germany.... 
..1849. 
*Jolm G. Ladd.... 
.University, Va 
..1849. 
II. S. Smith 
, Bowdoin College 
f Frederick Morris....... 
.University, Citv of N. Y 
...1849. 
*John L. Crane 
1849. 
D. E. Kissam 
.College Phys. and Sur., N. Y... 
...1849. 
R. S. Olmstead......... 
• Yale Medical College 
...1849. 
Robert R. Rhodes....... 
.University, City of N. Y 
...1850. 
*L. C. McPhail 
.University of Maryland 
...1851. 
W. H. Gardiner 
.University, City of N. Y 
....1851. 
Neuhaus 
.University, Berlin, Prussia 
...1851. 
D. S. Landon 
.University, City of N. Y 
...1851. 
* Augustus Robbins 
.Harvard, University 
...1851. 
Alex. Little 
.University, City of N.Y 
...1853. 
John Van Ness 
.University of Maryland 
...1853. 
*Wm. Arming 
.University, Vienna, Austria 
....1853. 
Nathaniel Ford 
.Bowdoin College 
James Strong 
.College Phys. and Sur., N. Y... 
...1856. 
*C. E. Isaacs 
.Uuiversity of Maryland 
...1857. 
Joseph C. Hutchison.... 
<,i “ 
...1857. 
Richard Barthehness... . 
.University, Wurzburg 
...1857. 
Wm. Heuser 
.Hesse Cassel 
...1857. 
*W. II. Van Duyne 
.University, City of N. Y 
...1857. 
Geo. Cochran 
.College Phys. and Sur., N. Y 
...1858. 
John T. G. Leach 
U U (( u “ 
...1858. 
John Bvrne . 
.Edinburgh, University 
....1858. 
John G. Johnson .... ... 
.College Phys. and Sur., N. Y... 
...1858, 
Carl Augustus Bauer... 
.University, Berlin 
...1858. 
* Elisha Barber 
.Harvard University 
...1858. 
1 0. H. Smith 
.Vermont Medical College 
...1858. 
f Wm. E. Whitehead 
..University, City of N. Y 
...1858. 
Samuel Swalm 
N. Y. State Medical Society.... 
...1858. 
Samuel Hart 
..Harvard University 
...1858. CHRONOLOGIC AI. LIST. 
7 
D. T. Gray 
...University City of N. Y 
.185 8. 
A. N. Bell 
...Jefferson Medical College 
.1858. 
Harrison Teller 
...College Phys. and Sur., N. Y 
.1858. 
J. P. Colgan, Jr., 
44 44 U 44 . 44 
.1858. 
* Lewis 0. Ilasell 
....University of Pennsylvania 
.1858. 
J. H. Hobarl Burge 
...University, City of N. Y 
.1858. 
Arnold liallett 
44 44 44 
. 1 858. 
K. M. Buell 
...Yale Medical College 
..1858. 
I). A. Dodge 
...College Phys. and Sur., N. Y 
.1858. 
John S. Young 
44 44 44 u 
.1858. 
f John Hill, Jr., 
...University, City of N. Y 
.1858. 
Wm. E. Mulhallon 
...Jefferson Medical College, Penn.. 
.1858. 
John A. Brady 
....Castleton Medical College, Yt 
.1858. 
James Stewart 
....Harvard University 
.1858. 
James L. Farley 
...College Phys, and Sur., N. Y 
..1858. 
James M. Minor 
.. .University of Pennsylvania 
.1859. 
John Cooper 
...M. R. C. S., London 
D. C. Enos 
...College Phys. and Sur., N. Y 
.1859. 
J. T. Conkling 
“ 44 44 44 44 
.1859. 
Nelson L. North 
<4 44 44 44 44 
,.1859. 
f Charles C. Rothe 
....New York Medical Colleo-e 
,.1859. 
M. Potter 
....College Phys. and Sur., N, Y 
..1859. 
C. T. Chase 
...Jefferson Medical College, Penn. 
..1859. 
H. C. Simms 
44 44 44 S 
.1859. 
*11. L. Bartlett 
...College Phys. and Sur., N Y 
..1859. 
Thomas Turner 
,.. .U niversity of Pennsylvania 
..1859. 
Joseph M. Turner 
....Transylvania University, Ky 
..1859. 
C. il. Murphy 
...University, City, of N. Y...". 
. 1859. 
Ed. R. Squibb 
...Jefferson Medical College, Penn.. 
.1859. 
\ H. H. Atwater 
....Castleton Medical College, Yt 
,.1859. 
James S. Hawley 
...University, Buffalo, N. Y 
..1859. 
Charles E. Briggs 
....Cambridge 
*J. J. Campbell 
...College Phys. and Sur., N. Y 
..1859. 
Fred. C. Demund 
44 44 44 44 44 
T. M. Ingraham 
...Castleton Medical College Yt 
..i860. 
William Law 
...College Phys. and Sur.Tn. Y 
.i860. 
J. B. Jones 
44 44 44 44 44 
..i860. 
Jos. E. Clark 
....College Phys. and Sur. N. Y 
..i860. 
N. W. Leighton 
—New York Medical College 
..I860. 
f W. B Crandall 
...Albany Medical College.... 
.I860. 
John Malone 
....Georgetown Medical College 
..I860. 
B. F. Bassett 
....Yale Medical College 
..I860. 
f James L. Little 
....College Phys. and Sur., N. Y 
..i860. 
Geo. II. R. Bennet 
... .University, City of N. Y 
..i860. 
Alexander Cochran 
....College Phys. and Sur., N. Y 
..i860. 
Wm. Giltillan 
—University, Edinburgh 
..I860. 
Robert Ormiston, Jr.,.. 
....University of Pennsylvania 
..i860. 
Cornelius H. Schapps... 
...New York State Medical Society., 
..i860. 
A. Duncan Willson...... 
...College Phys. and Sur., N. Y 
.1861. 8 
CHRONOLOGICAL LIST. 
W. W. Reese 
..University of Pennsylvania 
.1861. 
*R. H. Hinman 
..College Phys. and Sur., N. Y 
1861. 
C. Olcott 
1861. 
William llousel 
University of Pennsylvania 
.1861. 
T. K. Marcy 
..College Phys. and Sur., N. Y ■ 
.1861. 
f Chester Park hurst 
..Castleton, Medical College Vt...,.. 
.1861. 
S. P. McElroy 
..College Phvs. and Sur.,, N. Y 
.1862. 
Isaac II. Barber 
..College Phys. and Sur., N. Y 
.1802. 
Samuel 11. Olmstead 
.Yale Medical College 
.1862. 
X C. W. Bates 
..University, City ofN. V 
.1863. 
W. C. Otterson 
..College Phys. and Sur., N. Y 
.1863. 
S. Fleet Speir 
..University, City of N. Y 
.1803. 
J. M. Andrews 
..College Phys. and Sur., N. Y 
.1863. 
f J. M. Allen, Jr., 
u a u ** 
.1863. 
Edward Bennett 
..University, City of N. Y 
.1863. 
A. B. Clarke 
...Yale Medical College 
. 1 864. 
T. G. Catlin 
..CastletonMedical College, Vt 
.1864. 
E. A. Whaley 
..College Phys. and Sur., N. Y 
.1864. 
R. C. Stiles 
..University of Pennsylvania 
George F. Avling 
..Lono- Island College Hospital 
. 1864. 
Alexander J. C. Skene... 
u “ “ 
.1864. 
John L. Zabriskie 
...University, City of N. Y 
.1864. 
Thomas J. Keiley 
...Philadelphia College of Medicine..! 865. 
J. S. Wight 
..Long Island College Hospital 
.1865. 
George K. Smith 
..University, City of N. Y., 
Thomas P. Norris, 
..University, City of N. Y 
.1865. 
Teunis Schenck 
...College Phys. and Sur., N. Y 
J. G. Wilbur 
...Harvard University 
f J. W. Robie 
...College Phys. and Sur., N.Y 
,.1865. 
James R. Bird 
u U K U H 
Alexander Hutchins 
...N. Y. Medical College 
,.1866. 
Benjamin F. Fessenden. 
..University of Pennsylvania 
.1866. 
♦Matthew B. Phillips 
...Bellevue Hospital College 
..1866. 
Francis Goodwin , 
...Royal Col. Sur., London 
,.1866. 
F. H. Colton 
....Long Island College Hospital 
..1866. 
J. S. Prout 
...National Medical College, D. C... 
..1866. 
Charles Corey 
...Dartmouth Medical College 
..1866. 
Win. Henry Thayer .... 
Harvard University 
..i860. 
Francis C. Bird 
University, Queen’s Col., Canada. 
..1866. 
Homer G, Newton 
...University, City ot N. Y 
..1866. 
Joel W. Ilvde 
...Yale Medical College 
..1866. 
Ponce M. Nichtern 
...College Phys. and Sur., N. Y 
..1866. 
John J. Caldwell 
...N. Y. Medical College 
..1866. 
Albert Vickers 
....University of Maryland 
..1866. 
Daniel Ambrose 
...Queen’s University, Ireland 
..1866. 
Thomas Wilde 
Bellevue Hospital Medical College.. 186b. 
James McMillan 
t„Long Island College Hospital 
..1866. 
Lewis D. Mason 
it it ‘4 
J. L. H. Elmendorf 
m « « 
..1866. CHRONOLOGICAL LIST. 
9 
P. Pendergast ... 
...1866. 
M. F. Regan 
a u a a a 
...1866. 
0. C. Sparrow 
Long Island College Hospital 
...1866. 
Geo. F. Lewis 
44 44 44 
...1867. 
N. A. Robbias 
—Harvard Medical College 
...1867. 
S. N. Fiske 
—University, City of N. Y 
...1867. 
Henry C. Turner 
....College Phys. and Sur., N. Y 
...1867. 
J, C. Goodridge, Jr.... 
— Long Island College Hospital 
...1867, 
R. M. Wyckoff, 
....Bellevue Hospital Med, College.. 
...1867, 
J. E. Gregory 
—Albany Medical College 
...1867, 
W. J. Gilfillan 
College Ph)s. and Sur., N. Y...( 
...1S67, 
Arthur Matltewson 
... University, City of N. Y 
...1867. 
* Deceased, 
f Removed. 
J Expelled. §|g»«g fprato. 
Samuel Osborne of New York 1S25. 
A. B. Cook, U. S. Navy 1825. 
Richard Yennel 
Alexander Hosack, of New York 1832. 
LICENSED BY KINGS 00. MEDICAL SOCIETY. 
Nelson A. Garrison 1824. 
Joseph N. Smith 1827. 
John F. Sickles 1827. 
Hawthorn Gregory 1829. 
W. A. Clark 1832. 
Henry A. Budding 1832. 
Philip Ilarvey 1833. 
John Y. E, Yanderlioof 1833. 
Stephen M. Disbrow 1831. PRESIDENTS. 
Cornelius Low 1822, 1823, 1824. 
Joseph G. T. Hunt 1825 to 1831. 
Thomas W. Henry 1831, 1832. 
Charles Ball 1832, 1833, 1834. 
Isaac T. Rapelye 1835. 
Matthew Wendell 1836. 
Adrian Yanderveer 1837, 1838. 
John B. Zabriskie 1830.. 
Purcell Cooke 1840, 1841. 
T. L. Mason 1842, 1843. 
Bradley Parker ,.1844. 
Purcell Cooke 1845. 
J# Sullivan Thorne 1846. 
Lucius Hyde ..184*. 
Chauncey L. Mitchell 1848. 
Henry J. Cullen 1849. 
Jas. H. Henry 1850. 
Samuel J. Osborne ISol. 
Geo. Marvin 1852. 
Andrew Otterson 1853, 1854, 
George I. Bennet 1855. 
T. A. Wade 1856. 
Samuel Boyd 185 7 • 
C. L. Mitchell 1858, 1859. 
Daniel Brooks 1860. 
C. E. McClellan 1861. 
Samuel Hart 1862. 
D. C. Enos 1863. 
Joseph C. Hutchison 1804. 
J. T. Conkling 1805. 
Andrew Otterson 1800. 
William W. Reese 180»•  
APRIL 8, 1867. 
PRESIDENT, 
W. W. REESE, M. D. 
Vice-President, 
R. C. STILES, M. D. 
Secretary, 
JOHN S. YOUNG, M. D. 
Assistant Secretary, 
F. II. COLTON, M. D. 
Treasurer, 
E. R. SQUIBB, M. D. 
Librarian, 
G. I. BENNET, M. D. 
Orator, 
J. n. HOBART BURGE, M. D. 
Alternate, 
GEO. K. SMITH. 
Dr. J. T. CONKLTNG, 
Dr. WM. H. THAYER, 
Censors. 
Dr. F. H. COLTON, 
Dr, J. L. ZABRISKIE, 
Dr. J. A. BRADY. 
DELEGATES TO THE STATE MEDICAL SOCIETY. 
Dr. C. L. Mitchell, 
Dr. R. C. Stiles, 
Dr. D. S. Landon, 
Dr. J. L. Zabriskie, 
Dr. D. C. Enos, 
Dr. Wm. Gilfillan, 
Dr. E. N. Chapman, 
Dr. Andrew Otterson. 
Dr. S. Fleet Speir. 
DELEGATES TO AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION. 
Dr. R. C. Stiles, 
Dr. Andrew Otterson, 
Dr. C. Schapps, 
Dr. James Crane, 
Dr. S. Fleet Speir, 
Dr. J. G, Wilbur, 
Dr. A. J. C. Siceene, 
Dr. J. S. Prout, 
Dr. T. L. Mason, 
Dr. II. L. Bartlett, 
Dr. D. S. Landon, 
Dr. Wm. Gilfillan, 
Dr. E. R. Squibb, 
Dr. Ciias. Corey, 
Dr. J. G. Johnson. List of Members who, by conforming to tbe Constitution and By-Laws 
of tbe Society during tbe past two years, are, by a Kesolu- 
tion of tbe Society, at its Quarterly Meeting of July 
16tb, 1867. considered to be Active Members* 
Ayling, Geo. F. 
Ambrose, Daniel 
Bennet, Geo. I, 
Ball, John 
Buel, R. M. 
Brady, Jno. A. 
Brown, Wm. K. 
Bvrne, John 
Bell, A. N. 
Burge, J. H. Hobart 
Bartlett, H. L. 
Bennett, Edward 
Barber, J. H. 
Bennet, G. H. R. 
Bird, J. R. 
Bird, W. 
Barthelmess, Richard 
Cullen, H. J. 
Chapman, E. N. 
Cochran, George 
Catlin, T. G. 
Crane, James 
Cockling, J. T. 
Cooper, John 
Clarke, A. B. 
Clark, Jos. E. 
Cooke, C. L. 
Colton, F. H. 
Caldwell, Jno. J. 
Cochran, Alex. 
Corey, Chas. 
Colgan, Jos. P. Jr. 
Dodge, D. A. 
Dudley, Wm. II. 
Demund, F. C. 
Enos, D. C. 
Elmendorf, J. L. H. 
Ford, N. 
Farley, Jas. L. 
Fessenden, Benj. 
Fisk, S. N. 
Gi'lfillan, George 
Gilfillan, Wm. 
Gardiner, W. H. 
Goodwin, Francis 
Goodridge, J. C. Jr 
Gregory, Justice E. 
Gilfillan, Wm. J. 
Hurd, F. W. 
Henry, Jas. H. 
Hallett, Arnold 
Hutchins. Alex. 
Hart, Samuel 
Halsey, J. Condit 
Hutchinson, Jos. C. 
Hyde, Joel A. 
Heuser, W. 
Hawley, J. S. 
Housel, Wm. 
Jones, J. B. 
Johnson, J. G. 
King, T. F. 
Kissam, D. E. 
Leighton, N. W. 
Little, Alex. 
Landon, D. S. 
Law, Wm. Jr. 
Leach, J. T. G. 
Lewis, G. F. 
Marvin, Geo. 
Mason, T. L. 
McClellan, C. R. 
Mason, Lewis D. 
Minor. J. M. 
Marcey, T. 
Mitchell, C. L. 
Mathewson, Arthur 
Mulhallon, W. E. 
Murphy, C. II. 
McMillan, Jas. Jr. 
North, N. L. 
Nichtern, P M. 
Norris, T. P. 
Newton, H. G. 
Otterson, A. 
Olmstead, R. S. 
Ostrander, F, W. 
Olmstead, S. H. 
Ormiston, R. Jr. 
Olcott, C. 
Ottersoiij W. C. 
Prout, J. S. 
Palmedo, Ulric 
Pendergast, P. 
Rhodes, R. R. 
Rowland, Chas. 
Rotton, Otto 
Reese, W. W. 
Regan, M. P. 
Robbins, Nath’l A. 
Swift, W. 
Smith, H. S. 
Swalm, S. T. 
Schapps, 0. 
Skene, A. J. c. 
Sparrow, 0. C. 
Schenck, T 
Squibb, E. R. 
Speir, S. Fleet 
Smith, Geo. K. 
Stiles, R. C. 
Stewart, Jas. 
Teller, H. 
Turner, Jos. M. 
Thorne, J. S. 
Thayer, Wm. ET. 
Turer, Henry C. 
Yan Ness, John 
Tickers, Albert. 
Williams, W. II. 
Willson, A. Duncan 
Whaley, E. A. 
Wilbur, J. G. 
Wight, J. S. 
White, G. R. 
Wyckoff, W. 
Wild, T. R. M. 
Young, J. S. 
Zabriskie, A. J. L. 33 Y-LAWS 
OF THE 
MEDICAL SOCIETY 
OF THE 
COUNTY OF BI13ST Q- S - 
EEYISED AND ADOPTED, APRIL 8, 1867. DB Y - Xj A. W S 
OF TIIE 
MEDICAL SOCIETY 
OF TIIE 
COUNTY OF KINGS. 
CHAPTER I. 
TITLE OFFICERS AND MEETINGS OF THE SOCIETY. 
Article 1. The Title of this Society shall be “ The 
Medical Society of the County of Kings.” 
Art. 2. The Officers of tlie Society shall be, a President, 
a Vice-President, a Secretary, an Assistant Secretary, a Li- 
brarian, and live Censors. 
Art. 3. There shall be an Annual Meeting on the sec- 
ond Monday in April of every year, of which due notice 
shall bo given, by the Assistant Secretary, to each member 
who is not in arrears to the Treasurer. 
Art, 4. There shall be Quarterly Meetings on the third 
Tuesday of the Months of July, October, and January, of 
which due notice shall be given, as provided tor in the case 
of the Annual Meeting. 
Art. 5. Special Meetings may be called by the Presi- 
dent, or in his absence, by the Vice-President, at his own 
option, or by the request, in writing, of live members, of 
which due notice shall be given, as provided for in the case 
of the Annual Meeting, 18 
BY-LAWS, 
Art. G. There shall be Monthly Meetings on the third 
Tuesday of each month, except those on which Quarterly 
Meetings occur, and of these Meetings due notice shall be 
given, as provided for in the case of the Annual Meeting. 
CHAPTER II. 
ORDER OF BUSINESS AND RULES OF ORDER. 
Article 1. At each Quarterly or Monthly Meeting, after 
the presiding officer shah have declared the Society formed, 
the following shall be the Order of Business : 
1. Reading of the Minutes. 
2. Proposal of Members. 
3. Report of Censors and Election of Hew Members. 
4. Report of Scientific and other Committees. 
5. Communications, Discussions, and reading of Papers 
in the order directed by the Presiding Officer. 
6. Unfinished Business and Amendments to By-Laws 
considered. 
7. Hew Business. 
Art. 2. At each Special Meeting, the object for which 
the Society wras convened, shall be considered immediately 
after the reading of the minutes of the last meeting. 
Art. 3, At each Annual Meeting, the Election of Officers 
and Delegates to the State Society, and to the American 
Medical Association, shall be held by ballot, immediately 
after the election of new members. 
Art. 4. The Treasurer’s Report shall be heard, and ac- 
counts against the Society considered and acted on, imme- 
diately after the election of officers. 
Art. 5. The following shall be the rules of order of this 
Society. BY-LAWS, 
19 
1. Any member who may speak on any subject or ques- 
tion before the Society, shall rise and address his remark to 
the President. 
2. Every member shall have the privilege of speaking 
twice on any question under consideration, but not oftener, 
unless by permission of the Society. 
3. Any member called to order while speaking, shall 
take his seat, and the debate be suspended until the point 
of order is settled. 
4. All questions of order shall be decided by the Chair, 
subject to an appeal, which shall be determined by vote, 
without debate. 
5. No motion shall be made while a member is speak- 
ing; and in all cases the mover must rise and address the 
Chair. 
6. All resolutions and amendments shall be offered in 
writing, when required by any member. 
7. No motion or resolution shall be considered unless 
seconded ; nor question, unless stated by the President. 
8. "When a question is under debate no motion shall be 
received, but to adjourn ; to lay on the table ; for the pre- 
vious question ; to postpone ; to refer ; or to amend; which 
several motions shall have precedence in the order in which 
they are here arranged. The first three shall be decided 
without debate. 
9. When a blank is to be filled, the question shall be 
first taken on the highest number, the greatest sum, or long- 
est time proposed. 
10. Any member may call for a division of a question, 
when the sense will admit of it. 
11. The yeas and nays on any question, when called for 
by five members present, shall be taken without debate and 
recorded on the minutes. 20 
BY-LAWS. 
12. After any question has been decided, except one of 
indefinite postponement, any two members who voted in 
the majority, may, at the same or next stated meeting, move 
for a reconsideration thereof; without which, no discussion 
shall be allowed. 
13. All questions of order, not provided for by these 
rules/ shall be determined by Parliamentary usage. 
CHAPTER III. 
PRESIDENT. 
Article 1. It shall he the duty of the President to pre- 
side at all meetings of the Society ; to call the meetings to 
order at the appointed time, and to preserve order and de- 
corum. 
Art. 2. He shall perform the duties prescribed by the 
Statutes, By-Laws, and Resolutions of the Society. 
Art. 3. lie shall deliver an inaugural address on his 
taking the chair as presiding oflicer, at the Quarterly 
Meeting in July. 
Art. 4. He shall appoint all Committees, unless other- 
wise ordered by a special resolution. -• 
Art. 5. He shall take the sense of the Society on 
every motion made and seconded, and declare the result. 
Art. 6. He, or any member who may preside, shall 
have no vote, except on questions where there is an equal 
division of voices. 
Art. 7, He shall cause a personal service of the fol- 
lowing notice to be made, in writing, on every physician 
and surgeon residing in the County of Kings, not already 
admitted a member of this Society, viz:— 
“ I, (name) President of the Medical Society op the County of Kings, 
being required so to do by the Statutes of this State, and by direction of the 
Society, hereby notify you, (name) within sixty days from the service hereof, BY-LAW S-. 
21 
to make a written application to me for admission to the Society, and to pre- 
sent to me your diploma, and such other testimonials as you may possess, of 
regular standing in the profession of medicine, together with a certificate from 
the Clerk of this County that you have deposited a copy of your diploma in his 
office. 
“ Signed (name.) 
“ President Med. Society, Co. of Kings. 
Art. 8. lie shall give a certificate of membership to 
all members elect, who have signed the By-Laws, and paid 
the . initiation fee. 
Art. 9. He shall confer a diploma of license on such 
persons as are certified by the Censors to be qualified for 
the practice of physic and surgery, on receiving for 
such diploma the sum of five dollars, for the use of the 
Society. 
Art. 10. He shall pay to the Treasurer all moneys he 
may receive tor the use of the Society. 
Art. 11. He shall keep on file all documents and 
certificates in relation to the Society, which are by law 
deposited with him; and these shall be delivered to his 
successor. 
CHAPTER IV. 
VICE-PRESIDENT. 
The Vice-President, in the absence of the President, 
shall preside, and perform the duties of the President. 
CHAPTER Y. 
CENSORS. 
Article 1. The Censors shall perform the duties pre- 
scribed by the Statutes, the By-Laws and Resolutions of the 
Society. 22 
BY-LAWS. 
Art. 2. In the absence of the President and Yice- 
President, the Censor shall preside. 
Art. 3. The seniority of the Censors shall be deter- 
mined by the Censors themselves, immediately after their 
election; and notice thereof shall be given to the Secretary 
and President, 
Art. 4. The Censors shall examine the credentials of all 
candidates for admission, and report thereon to the Society, 
at the meeting next subsequent to that at which the 
candidate is proposed, or as soon thereafter as practicable. 
Art. 5. They shall examine all applicants for a license 
to practice physic and surgery, who have complied with 
the requisitions of the Statutes of the State, and the By- 
Laws of the Society; gnd shall give to those qualified a 
certificate to that effect, addressed to the President. 
CHAPTER YI. 
TREASURER. 
Article 1. The Treasurer shall perform the duties 
directed by the Statutes, the By-Laws and Resolutions of 
the Society. 
Aht. 2. It shall be the duty of the Treasurer to present 
a bill of the Annual Dues to each Member every year, 
showing all arrearages; and to demand payment of the 
same, at least twice while unpaid, during the year in which 
such bill may have been rendered : and for this purpose, the 
said Treasurer is authorised to have the necessary blank 
printed, and to employ a competent Collector, paying 
the bills thus accrueing from the funds of the Society, 
upon a warrant for that purpose signed by the Presi- 
sident: Provided that bills of arrearage of more than two 
years standing, which shall have been thus twice presented, 
and remain unpaid, shall be placed on a suspended list, and 
while there shall deprive the Members so in arrears of the 
privilege of being notified of the Meetings, of representing BY-LAWS. 
23 
the Society in any of its offices or delegations, and of receiv- 
ing any of its publications or the publications distributed 
by it. 
Art. 3. lie shall render an account, at every Annual 
Meeting, of all the moneys received and expended by him, 
and of all balances remaining in his hands. 
CHAPTER VII. 
SECRETARY. 
Article. 1. The Secretary shall perform the duties 
directed by the Statutes, the By-Laws and Resolutions of 
the Society. 
Art. 2. lie shall keep in his book a full and distinct 
record of all the transactions of the Society, and a chrono- 
logical list of all the members. 
Art. 3. He shall register in his book, and shall read at 
each Annual Meeting, the names of all medical men who 
have refused or neglected to unite with the Society, on the 
notice of the President, or who, having applied for admis- 
sion, have been found unqualified by the Censors. 
Art. 4. He shall publish, at least once in each year, in 
one or more newspapers, a list of the members of the 
Society. 
Art. 5. He shall inform all persons admitted by vote of 
the Society, of their election ; and notify them to call upon 
him, pay the initiation fee, and sign the By-Laws; and he 
shall report at the Annual Meeting the names of all mem- 
bers elect, who have neglected or refused to do so, in ac- 
cordance with the Regulations of the Society. 
Art. 6. He shall permit no member elect to sign the 
By-Laws of the Society, except on his paying the initiation 
fee, or exhibiting a receipt for the same, signed by the Presi- 
dent or Treasurer. 24 
BY-LAWS. 
Art. 7. He shall conduct the correspondence of the 
Society. lie shall retain copies of all letters written by 
him in behalf of the Society, aud preserve on file all letters 
and communications received by him in his official capacity, 
and report the same at each stated meeting; and he shall 
obey all orders and resolutions appertaining to his office. 
CHAPTER Till. 
ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 
The Assistant Secretary shall issue notices of all meetings 
of the Society, and, previous to every election, prepare a 
list of those eligible to office, and entitled to vote; assist 
the Secretary in the discharge of his duties ; and, in his ab- 
sence, perform them. 
CHAPTER IX. 
LIBRARIAN. 
The Librarian shall have charge of all books, pamphlets, 
manuscripts, anatomical or pathological specimens, appara- 
tus, instruments, medals, coins, or scientific property, of 
whatever kind; and affix to each donation the name of the 
doner; keep a catalogue; observe such rules as shall be 
prescribed for the regulation of his department, and render 
a full account thereof, at least once a year, and oftener, if 
required. 
CHAPTER X. 
DELEGATES. 
The Delegates shall perform the duties required by the 
Statutes of the State, and support the honor and dignity, 
and obey the orders and resolutions of the Society. BT-L A W S . 
25 
CHAPTER XL 
ORDINARY MEMBERS, 
Article 1. The Ordinary Members shall consist of phy- 
sicians and surgeons only. 
Art. 2. To support the honor and dignity of the medical 
profession, and discharge the duties of a practitioner with 
fidelity and integrity, is the duty of each member 
Art. 3, It shall be the duty of every member to observe 
the code of medical ethics adopted by this Society. 
Art. 4. Every memher shall observe order and decorum 
in the meetings; shall pay due respect to the President and 
other officers, and to his fellows ; and no member shall 
withdraw during the session, without special permission 
from the Chair. 
Art. 5. Each member, on entering a meeting of the 
Society, shall write his name in a register provided for this 
purpose by the Secretary. 
Art. 6. Xo member who has been absent from three 
successive Quarterly Meetings of this Society, during the 
preceding year, without satisfactory excuse, shall be eligible 
to any office, at the next Anniversary Meeting. 
Art. T. Members who shall not have paid the Annual 
Dues, assessed upon them by the Society, for two years in 
succession, after having been twice called upon to do so, are 
declared to be in arrears with the Treasurer, and their names 
shall appear on his list of suspended debts. 
Art. 8. Members in arrears with the Treasurer shall 
neither be eligible to office, nor entitled to vote at»any An. 
nual Meeting; neither shall such be entitled to the privi- 
lege of being notified of the meetings, nor of receiving the 
publications of the Society. 26 
BY-LAWS. 
CHAPTER XII. 
ADMISSION OF MEMBERS. 
Article 1. All applications for admission to the mem- 
bership of this Society shall be made at one Stated Meeting, 
and decided at the next, or any subsequent meeting, when 
the Censors shall report on their credentials. 
Art. 2. Any physician or surgeon practising in this 
county, may, on application, become a member ot this So- 
ciety, if the Censors, or a majority of them, on examination 
of his credentials, shall certify that he is entitled to practice 
physic and surgery according to the laws of State ; and it, on 
being balloted for he shall have a majority ot votes ot tlie 
members present. 
Art. 3. Every person thus admitted, shall sign the By- 
Laws, and designate tlie State or country of his birth, and 
the medical rank or station then or formerly held by him. 
Art. 4. Every person admitted into the Society shall, 
before signing the By-Laws, pay to the Treasurer live dol- 
lars, to be appropriated to the use of the Society ; and shall 
be presented with a certificate of membership, and with a 
copy of the Charter and By-Laws. 
Art. 5. No person who has been admitted to the Society, 
and who lias refused or neglected to comply with tlie requi- 
tions of the 3d and 4th Articles of Chapter XII., shall be 
entitled to the privileges of membership. 
CHAPTER XIII. 
CONTRIBUTIONS AND ARREARS. 
Article 1. The Society, at tlie Anniversary Meeting, 
may establish such contributions as shall meet tlie yearly 
expenses, and all the debts of the Society. 15 Y-LA W S . 
27 
CHAPTER XIV. 
COMMITTEE ON ETHICS. 
Article 1. A Committee on Ethics sliall foe annually 
appointed consisting of three members, whose duty it shall 
be to take cognizance of all complaints of breaches of the 
Code of Ethics, and to endeavor to reclaim offenders, before 
proceeding formally against them. 
Art. 2. Charges of violation of the laws or Ethics of the 
Society, or immoral conduct, or habits, shall be presented in 
writing to the Chairman of the Committee, enclosed in a 
sealed envelope, witli the words “ Charges against a Mem- 
ber” written upon it. 
Art. 3 The Chairman, on receiving such charges, shall 
notify the Committee to meet and examine the same, and the 
evidence’ thereof. 
Art. 4. If a majority of the Committee so met shall be 
of opinion that the charges are well founded, they shall 
serve a copy of them upon the accused, and cause a Special 
Meeting of the Society to be called to investigate them ; of 
which the person against whom the charges are made shall 
have at least ten days’ notice, in writing. 
Art. 5. At such meeting, the Committee shall report 
their opinion, and the grounds thereof; and if the person 
accused (having had a fair opportunity to make his defence) 
shall be found guilty by a vote of two-thirds of the members 
present, the Society shall proceed to determine the penalty, 
and cause it to be carried into effect. 
Art. 6. The penalty—whether it be the reprimand, sus- 
pension, or expulsion of the member—shall be decided by a 
majority of the votes cast, 28 
by-laws. 
CHAPTER XV. 
HONORARY members. 
Article 1. Any member may propose a candidate as an 
honorary member; but the medical rank or station then or 
formerly held by him shall be furnished in writing by the 
proposer; and, if satisfactory, he may, at a subsequent meet- 
ing, be balloted for, and elected by a majority of votes. 
Art. 2. Not more than three honorary members shall be 
annually elected. 
Art. 3. The honorary members may attend the meetings 
of the Society, but shall not be entitled to vote. 
DIPLOMA CONFERRED ON HONORARY MEMBERS. 
Societas Medica Comitatus Regum Omnibus has literas perlecturis. 
SALUTEM: 
Yirum probum et ornatissimum, D. D. 
A. B. Quem fama promit, scientiarum 
medieince et chirurgiae cultorem, liberalium lionoribus artium provectum, 
Placuit nobis Praesidi, cseterisq : SociishujuseeComitatus Concil: Med: Facul- 
tatus Socium constituere Hono:arium: atque auctoritatem ei donare, privilegia 
et immunitates ad nostrates Medicaeq: Pacultatis qua: pertinent; ubiq: ter- 
rurum dextra et honore amplectendum. 
In quorum fiden, hse literge, pro Emerito Socio D. I). 
A. B. manibus, sigilloq. Arehiatrum muniUe lubeu- 
tissime mandantur. Medicis Midibus Brooklyn!. 
A. D. 18 Mqpsis, 
die 
Frees. 
Scr. 
CHAPTER XVI. 
LICENTIATES. 
Article 1, Every candidate for license to practice physic 
or surgery, who shall have complied with the requisitions of BY-LAWS. 
29 
the Statutes of the State, with regard to the term of study 
and other particulars, shall be examined by the Censors, 
on paying to them the sum of five dollars, for the use of the 
Society, 
Art, 2. Every person who, upon examination by the 
Censors, shall be found qualified for the practice of medicine 
and surgery, shall receive from them a certificate to that 
effect, addressed to the President of the Society, who shall 
thereupon confer on him the following Diploma :— 
Omnibus ad quos hce literice pervenerint. 
SALUTEM: 
NOS, Societatis Medic® Comitatis Regum, Prases, C®terique, Socii, hoc 
scripto testatum volumus, (here insert the name and country of the candidate,) 
Artis medic® et chirurgi® sub viris in medecina peritis, tempore prastituto, se 
studio incubuisse, et in hisce studis progressum, luculento testimonio, nobis 
probasse et commendasse. Quocirca, ex auctoritate nobis commissa, medicin® 
et artis chirurgi®, in hac civitate exercend®, ei potestatem, cum omnibus privi: 
legiis ad has artes pertinentibus, concedimus. 
In quorum testimonium hocce diploma, sigillo nostro 
munitum, donavimus. Datum Brooklyni, Mensis, 
die A. D. Millesimo octigentesimo. 
Freeses, 
a Secretis. 
Art. 3. If, instead of the above, a diploma in the English 
language should be requested by the person so admitted, it 
shall be in the following form, viz :— 
To all whom these Presents shall come, or may in any wise concern : 
The President and Members of the Medical Society of the County of Kings, 
send greeting:—Whereas, (insert name and country of the candidate) hath 
exhibited unto us satisfactory testimony that he hath studied physic and 
surgery for the term and in the manner directed by law; and hath also, upon 
examination by our Censors, given sufficient proofs of his proficiency in the 
healing art, and of his moral character : Wherefore, by virtue of the power 
vested in U3 by law, we do grant unto the said (insert the name of the candi- 30 
BY-LAWS. 
date) the privilege of practising physic and surgery in this State, together 
with all the rights and immunities which usually appertain to physicians and 
and Surgeons. 
In witness whereof, we have granted this Diploma, sealed with 
our seal, and testified by our President and Secretary, at 
(insert place, day and year.) 
Art. 4. Every person admitted to the practice of physic 
or surgery, shall sign the following declaration, viz :— 
I, A. B., do solemnly declare, that I will honestly, virtuously, and chastely 
conduct myself in the practice of physic and surgery, and that I will, with 
fidelity and honor, do everything in my power for the benefit of the sick com* 
mitted to my charge. 
This declaration, so signed, shall be preserved among the 
archives of the Society. 
Art 5, Every person receiving a diploma of license, 
shall be notified by the Secretary that he must deposit a 
copy of the same with the Clerk of the County in which he 
may reside; and that, until this be done, he is subject to 
penalty as an illegal practitioner. 
Art. 6, Every person admitted to the practice of physic 
and surgery by this Society, shall pay to the President, 
for the use of the Society, five dollars ; and he shall be pre- 
sented with a copy of the Charter and By-Laws, 
CHAPTER XVII. 
AMENDMENTS, 
The preceding Articles may be altered or amended, or 
new ones added, if the same be deemed necessary, and 
adopted by two-tliirds of the members present, at an 
Annual Meeting ot the Society; and all propositions or 
motions, for such amendments, alterations, or additions shall 
be in writing, and shall be laid before the Society three 
months previous to tlicir adoption. CODE OF ETFIICS 
OF THE 
AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, 
ADOPTED BY THE 
MEDICAL SOCIETY OF THE COUNTY OF KINGS, 
j-otte is, iee7. 
This Code of Ethics was adopted by the Society, in addition to their former excellent 
Code, in compliance with a resolution of the American Medical Association, requiring 
all State or Local Societies to do so, who desired to be represented in that body. CODE OF MEDICAL ETHICS. 
OF THE DUTIES OF PHYSICIANS TO THEIR PATIENTS, AND OF 
THE OBLIGATIONS OF PATIENTS TO THEIR PHYSICIANS. 
ARTICLE I. 
DUTIES OF PHYSICIANS TO THEIR PATIENTS. 
§ 1. A physician should not only he ever ready to obey the calls 
of the sick, but his mind ought also to be imbued with the greatness 
of his mission, and the responsibility he habitually incurs in its dis- 
charge. These obligations are the more deep and enduring, because 
there is no tribunal, other than his own conscience, to adjudge penal- 
ties, for carelessness or neglect. Physicians should, therefore, 
minister to the sick with due impressions of the importance of their 
office; reflecting that the ease, the health and the lives, of those 
committed to their charge, depend on their skill, attention, and 
fidelity. They should study, also, in their deportment, so to unite 
tenderness with firmness, and condescension with authority, as to 
inspire the minds of their patients with gratitude, respect, and 
confidence. 
§ 2. Every case committed to the charge of a physician, should 
be treated with attention, steadiness, and humanity. Reasonable 
indulgence should he granted to the mental imbecility and caprices 
of the sick. Secrecy and delicacy, when required by peculiar cir- 
cumstances, should be strictly observed; and the familiar and conn- 34 
CODE OF ETHICS. 
dential intercourse to which physicians are admitted, in their profes- 
sional visits, should be used with discretion, and with the most 
scrupulous regard to fidelity and honor. The obligation of secrecy 
extends beyond the period of professional services; none of the 
privacies of personal and domestic life, no infirmity of disposition, or 
flaw of character, observed during professional attendance, should 
ever be divulged by the physician, except when he is imperatively 
required to do so. The force and necessity, of this obligation, are 
indeed so great, that professional men have, under certain circum- 
stances, been protected in their observance of secrecy, by courts 
of justice. 
§ 3. Frequent visits to the sick are in general requisite, since, 
they enable the physician to arrive at a more perfect knowledge of 
the disease ; to meet promptly every change which may occur; and 
also tend to preserve the confidence of the patient. But unneces- 
sary visits are to be avoided, as they give useless anxiety to the 
patient, tend to diminish the authority of the physician, and render 
him liable to be suspected of interested motives. 
§ 4. A physician should not be forward to make gloomy prognos- 
tications, because they savor of empiricism, by magnifying the im- 
portance of his services, in the treatment or cure of the disease. 
But he should not fail, on proper occasions, to give to the friends of 
the patient timely notice of danger, when it really occurs; and even 
to the patient himself, if absolutely necessary. This office, however 
is so peculiarly alarming when executed by him, that it ought to be 
declined whenever it can be assigned to any other person of sufficient 
judgment and delicacy. For, the physician should be the minister 
of hope and comfort, to the sick; that, by such cordials to (he 
drooping spirit, he may smooth the bed of death, revive expiring 
life, and counteract the depressing influence of those maladies which 
often disturb the tranquility of the most resigned, in their last mo- 
ments. The life of a sick person can be shortened not only by the 
acts, but also by the words, or the manner of a physician. It is 
therefore a sacred duty to guard himself carefully in this respect, and 
to avoid all things which have a tendency to discourage the patient, 
and to depress his spirits. 
§ 5. A physician ought not to abandon a patient because the case 
is deemed incurable: for his attendance may continue to be highly CODE OF ETHICS. 
35 
useful to the patient, and comforting to the relatives around him 
even in the last period of a fatal malady, by alleviating pain and 
other symptoms, and by soothing mental anguish. To decline at- 
tendance, under such circumstances, would be sacrificing to fanciful, 
delicacy and mistaken liberality, that moral duty, which is inde- 
pendent of, and far superior to pecuniary consideration. 
§ 6. Consultations should be promoted in difficult or protracted 
cases, as they give rise to confidence, energy, and more enlarged 
views in practice. 
§ 7. The opportunity which a physician not unfrequently enjoys 
of promoting and strengthening the good resolutions of his patients 
suffering under the consequences of vicious conduct, ought never to 
be neglected. His counsels, or even remonstrances, will give satis- 
faction, not offence, if they be proffered with politeness, and evince 
a genuine love of virtue, accompanied by a sincere interest in the 
welfare of the person to whom they are addressed. 
ARTICLE II. 
OBLIGATIONS OF PATIENTS TO THEIR PHYSICIANS. 
§ 1. The members of the medical profession, upon whom is 
enjoined the performance of so many important and arduous duties 
towards the community, and who are required to make so many 
sacrifices of comfort, ease, and health, for the welfare df those who 
avail themselves of their services, certainly have a right to expect, 
and require, that their patients should entertain a just sense of the 
duties which they owe to their medical attendants, 
§ 2. The first duty of a patient is, to select as his medical adviser 
one who has received a regular professional education. In no trade 
or occupation, do mankind rely on the skill of an untaught artist ; 
and in medicine, confessedly the most difficult and intricate of the 
sciences, the world ought not to suppose that knowledge is intuitive. 
§ 3. Patients should prefer a physician whose habits of life are 
regular, and who is not devoted to company, pleasure, or to any pur- 
suit incompatible with his professional obligations, 
* 
A patient should, also, confide the care of himself and family, as 36 
CODE OF E T II I C S. 
much, as possible, to one physician; for a medical man who has 
become acquainted with the peculiarities of constitution, habits, and 
predispositions of those he attends, is more likely to be successful in 
his treatment, than one who does not possess that knowledge, 
A patient who has thus selected his physician, should always 
apply for advice in what may appear to him trival cases ; for the 
most fatal results often supervene on the slightest accidents. It is 
of still more importance that he should apply for assistance in the 
forming stage of violent diseases ; it is to a neglect of this precept 
that medicine owes much of the uncertainty and imperfection with 
which it has been reproached, 
§ 4. Patients should faithfully and unreservedly communicate to 
their physician the supposed cause of their disease. This is the 
more important, as many diseases of a mental origin simulate those 
depending on external causes, and yet are only to be cured by min- 
istering to the “ mind diseased.” A patient should never be afraid 
of thus making his physician his friend and adviser: he should 
always bear in mind that a medical man is under the strongest obli- 
gations of secrecy. Even the female sex should never allow feelings 
of shame or delicacy to prevent their disclosing the seat, symptoms, 
and causes of complaints peculiar to them. Howrever commendable 
a modest reserve may be in the common occurrences of life, its 
strict observance in medicine is often attended with the most serious 
consequences ; and a patient may sink under a painful and loath- 
some disease, which might have been readily prevented, had timely 
intimation been given to the physician. 
§o. A patient should never weary his physician with a tedious 
detail of events or matters not appertaining to his disease. Even as 
relates to his actual symptoms, he will convey much more real in- 
formation by giving clear answers to interrogatories, than by the 
most minute account of his own framing. Neither should he ob- 
trude upon his physician the details of his business, nor the history 
of his family concerns. 
§ 6. The obedience of a parent to the prescriptions of the phy- 
sician should be prompt and implicit. He should never permit his 
own crude opinions as to their fitness, to influence his attention to 
them. A failure in one particular, may render an otherwise judi- 
cious treatment dangerous, and even fatal. CODE OF ETIIICS. 
37 
This remark is equally applicable to diet, drink, and exercise. As 
patients become convalescent, they are very apt to suppose that the 
rules prescribed for them may be disregarded, and the consequence, 
but too often, is a relapse. Patients should never allow themselves 
to be pursuaded to take any medicine whatever, that may be recom- 
mended to them by the self-constituted doctors and doctresses, who 
are so frequently met with, and who pretend to possess infallible 
remedies for the cure of every disease. However simple some of 
their prescriptions may appear to be, it often happens that they are 
productive of much mischief; and in all cases they are injurious, by 
contravening the plan of treatment adopted by the physician. 
§ 7. A patient should, if possible, avoid even the friendly visits 
of a physician who is not attending him; and when he does receive 
them, he should never converse on the subject of his disease, as an 
observation may be made, without any intention ot interferance, 
which may destroy his confidence in the course he is pursuing, and 
induce him to neglect the directions prescribed to him. A patient 
should never send for a consulting physician without the express 
consent of his own medical attendant. It is of great importance 
that physicians should act in concert; for although their modes of 
treatment may be attended with equal success when employed singly, 
yet conjointly they are very likely to be productive of disastrous 
results. 
§ 8. When a patient wishes to dismiss his physician, justice and 
common courtesy require that he should declare his reasons for so 
doing. 
§ 9. Patients should always, when practicable, send for their phy- 
sician in the morning, before his usual hour of going out; for, by 
being early aware of the visits he has to pay during the day, the 
physician is able to apportion his time in such a manner as to pre- 
vent an interference of engagements. Patients should also avoid 
calling on their medical adviser unnecessarily during the hours de- 
voted to meals or sleep. They should always be in readiness to 
receive the visits of their physician, as the detention of a few minutes 
is often of serious inconvenience to him. 
§ 10. A patient should, after his recovery, entertain a just and 
enduring sense of the value of the services rendered him by his 
physician ; for these are of such a character, that no mere pecuniary 
acknowledgment can repay or cancel them. 38 
CODE OF ETHICS. 
OF THE DUTIES OF PHYSICIANS TO EACH OTHER, AND TO THE 
PROFESSION AT LARGE. 
ARTICLE I. 
DUTIES FOR THE SUPPORT OF PROFESSIONAL CHARACTER. 
§ 1. Every individual, on entering the profession, as lie becomes 
thereby entitled to all its privileges and immunities, incurs an obli- 
gation to exert his best abilities to maintain its dignity and honor, 
to exalt its standing, and to extend the bounds of its usefulness. lie 
should, therefore, observe strictly such laws as are instituted for the 
government of its members; should avoid all contumelious and 
sarcastic remarks relative to the Faculty, as a body; and while, by 
unwearied diligence, he resorts to every honorable means of enrich- 
ing the science, he should entertain a due respect for his seniors, 
who have, by their labors, brought it to the elevated condition in 
which he finds it. 
§ 2. There is no profession, from the members of which greater 
purity of character, and a higher standard of moral excellence, are 
required,than the medical; and to attain such eminence, is a duty 
every physician owes alike to his profession and to his patients. It 
is due to the latter, as without it he cannot command their respect 
and confidence; and to both, because no scientific attainments can 
compensate for want of correct moral principles. It is also incumbent 
upon the Faculty to be temperate in all things ; for the practice of 
physic requires the unremitting exercise of a clear and vigorous 
understanding ; and on emergencies, for which no professional man 
should be unprepared, a steady hand, an acute eye, and an unclouded 
head, may be essential to the well-being, and even to the life, of a 
fellow-creature. 
§ 3. It is derogatory to the dignity of the profession to resort to 
public advertisements, or private cards, or handbills, inviting the 
attention of individuals- affected with particular diseases—publicly 
offering advice and medicine to the poor gratis, or promising radical 
cures; or to publish cases and operations in the daily prints, or 
suffer such publications to be made ; to invite laymen to be present CODE OF ETHICS. 
39 
at operations ; to boast of cures and remedies; to adduce certificates 
of skill and success ; or to perform any other similar acts. These 
are the ordinary practices of empirics, and are highly reprehensible 
in a regular physician. 
§ 4. Equally derogatory to professional character is it, for a 
physician to hold a patent for any surgical instrument or medicine; 
or to dispense a secret nostrum, whether it be the composition or ex- 
clusive property of himself or of others. For, it such nostrum be of 
real efficacy, any concealment regarding it is inconsistent with bene- 
ficence, and professional liberality ; and if mystery alone give it 
value and importance, such craft implies either disgraceful ignorance 
or fraudulent avarice. It is also reprehensible for physicians to give 
certificates attesting the efficacy of patent or secret medicines, or in 
any way to promote the use of them. 
ARTICLE II. 
PROFESSIONAL SERVICES OF PHYSICIANS TO EACH OTHER. 
g 1, All practitioners of medicine, their wives, and their children, 
while under the paternal care, are entitled to the gratuitous services 
of any one or more of the Faculty residing near them, whose assist- 
ance may be desired. A physician afflicted with disease is usually 
an incompetent judge of his own case ; and the natural anxiety and 
solicitude which he experiences at the sickness of a wife, a child, or 
any one who, by the ties of consanguinity, is rendered peculiarly 
dear to him, tend to obscure his judgment, and produce timidity and 
irresolution in his practice. Under such circumstances, medical men 
are peculiarly dependent upon each other, and kind offices, and pro- 
fessional aid should always be cheerfully and gratuitously aflorded. 
Visits ought not, however, to be obtruded officiously; as such un- 
asked civility may give rise to embarrassment, or interfere with that 
choice, on which confidence depends. Hut if a distant member of 
the Faculty, whose circumstances are affluent, request attendance, 
and an honorarium be offered, it should not be declined ; tor no 
pecuniary obligation ought to be imposed, which the party receiving 
it would wish not to incur. 40 
CODE OF E T IT I C S. 
ARTICLE III. 
OF TIIE DUTIES OF PHYSICIANS AS RESPECTS VICARIOUS OFFICES. 
§ 1. The aftairs of life, the pursuit of health, and the various 
accidents and contingencies to which a medical man is peculiarly 
exposed, sometimes require him temporarily to withdraw from his 
duties to his patients, and to request some of his professional 
brethren to officiate for him. Compliance with this request is an 
act of courtesy, which should always be performed with the utmost 
consideration for the interest and character of the family physician ; 
and when exercised for a short period, all the pecuniary obligations 
for such service should be awarded to him. But if a member of 
the profession neglect his business in quest of pleasure and amuse- 
ment, he cannot be considered as entitled to the advantages of the 
frequent and long-continued exercise of this fraternal courtesy, with- 
out awarding to the physician who officiates the fees arising from 
the discharge of his professional duties. 
In obstetrical, and importent surgical cases, which give rise to 
usual fatigue, anxiety, and responsibility, it is just that the fees 
accruing therefrom, should be awarded to the physician who officiates. 
ARTICLE IV. 
OF THE DUTIES OF PHYSICIANS IN REGARD TO CONSULTATIONS. 
§ 1. A regular medical education furnislies the only presumptive 
evidence of professional abilities and acquirements, and ought to be 
the only acknowledged right of an individual to the exercise and 
honors of his profession. Nevertheless, as in consultations the good 
of the patient is the sole object in view, and this is often dependent 
on personal confidence, no intelligent regular practitioner, who has 
a license to practice from some Medical Board of known and ac- 
knowledged respectability, recognized by this Association, and who 
is in good moral and professional standing in the place in which he 
resides, should be fastidiously excluded from fellowship, or his aid 
refused in consultation, when it is requested by the patient. But no 
one can be considered as a regular practitioner, or a fit associate in 
consultation, whose practice is based on an exclusive dogma, to the CODE OF ETHICS. 
41 
rejection oftlie accumulated experience of tlie profession, and of the 
aids actually furnished by anatomy, physiology, pathology, and 
organic chemistry. 
§ 2. In consultations, no rivalship or jealousy should be indulged : 
candor, probity, and all due respect should be exercised toward the 
physician having charge of the case. 
§ 3. In consultations, the attending physician should be the first 
to propose the necessary questions to the sick; after which, the 
consulting physician should have the opportunity to make such fur- 
ther inquiries of the patient as may be necessary to satisfy him of 
the true character of the case. Both physicians should then retire 
to a private place for deliberation; and the one first in attendance 
should communicate the directions agreed upon to the patient or 
his friends, as well as any opinions which it may be thought proper 
to express. 
But no statement or discussion of it should take place before the 
patient or his friends, except in the presence of all the Faculty at- 
tending, and by their common consent; and no opinions or prognos- 
tications should be delivered, which are not the result of previous 
deliberation and concurrence. 
§ 4. In consultations, the physician in attendance should deliver 
his opinion first ; and when there are several consulting, they should 
deliver their opinions in the order in which they have been called 
in. No decision, however, should restrain the attending physician 
from making such variations in the mode of treatment, as any subse- 
quent unexpected change in the character of the case may demand. 
But such variation, and the reason for it, ought to be carefully de- 
tailed at the next meeting in consultation. The same privilege 
belongs also to the consulting physician, if he is sent for in an 
emergency, when the regular attendant is out of the way; and 
similar explanations must be made by him at the next consultation. 
§ 5. The utmost punctuality should be observed in the visits of 
physicians, when they are to hold consultation together; and this 
is generally practicable, for society has been considerate enough to 
allow the plea of a professional engagement to take precedence of all 
others, and to be an ample reason for the relinquishment of any 
present occupation. 42 
CODE OF ETHICS. 
But, as professional engagements may sometimes interfere, and 
delay one of the parties, the physician who first arrives should wait 
for his associate a reasonable period, after which the consultation 
should be considered as postponed to a new appointment. If it be 
the attending physician who is present, he will of couise see the 
patient and prescribe; but if it be the consulting one, he should re- 
tire, except in case of emergency, err when he has been called from 
a considerable distance ; in which latter case, he may examine the 
patient, and give his opinion in writing and under seal, to be deliv- 
ered to his associate 
§ 0. In consultations, theoretical discussions should be avoided, 
as occasioning perplexity and loss of time. For there may be much 
diversity of opinion concerning speculative points, with perfect 
agreement in those modes of practice which are founded, not on 
hypothesis, but on experience and observation. 
§ V. All discussions in consultations should be held as secret and 
confidential. Neither by words or manner should any of the parties 
to a consultation assert or insinuate, that any part of the treatment 
pursued did not receive his assent. The responsibility must be 
equally divided between the medical attendants—they must equally 
share the credit of success, as well as the blame of failure. 
§ 8. Should an irreconcilable diversity of opinion occur when 
several physicians are called upon to consult together, the opinion 
of the majority should be considered as decisive; but, if the num- 
bers be equal on each side, then the decision should rest with the 
attending physician. It may, moreover, sometimes happen, that 
two physicians cannot agree in their views of the nature of a case, 
and the treatment to be pursued. This is a circumstance much to be 
deplored, and should always be avoided, if possible, by mutual con- 
cessions, as far as they can be justified by a conscientious regard for 
the‘dictates of judgment. But, in the event of its occurrance, a third 
physician should, if practicable, be called to act as umpire; and if 
circumstances prevent the adoption of this course, it must be left to 
the patient to select the physician in whom he is most willing to 
confide. 
But, as every physician relies on the rectitude of his own judgment 
he should, when left in the minority, politely and consistantly retire 
from any farther deliberation in the consultation, or participation in 
the management of the case. CODE OF ETHICS. 
43 
§ 9. As circumstances sometimes occur to render a special con- 
sultation desirable, when the continued attendance of two physicians 
might be objectionable to the patient, the member of the Faculty 
whose assistance is required in such cases, should sedulously guard 
against all future unsolicited attendance. As such consultations 
require an extraordinary portion both of time and attention, at least 
a double honorarium may be reasonably expected. 
§ 10. A physician who is called upon to consult, should observe 
the most honorable and scrupulous regard for the character and 
standing of the practitioner in attendance ; the practice of the latter, if 
necessary, should be justified as far as it can be, consistently with a 
conscientious regard for truth, and no hint or insinuation should be 
thrown out which could impair the confidence reposed in him, or 
affect his reputation. The consulting physician should also carefully 
refrain from any of those extraordinary attentions or assiduities, 
which are too often practiced by the dishonest, for the base purpose 
of gaining applause, or ingratiating themselves into the favor of 
families and individuals. 
. ARTICLE V. 
DUTIES OF PHYSICIANS IN CASES OF INTERFERENCE. 
§ 1. Medicine is a liberal profession, and those admitted into its 
ranks should found their expectations of practice upon the extent 
of their qualifications, not on intrigue or artifice. 
§ 2. A physician, in his intercourse with a patient under the care 
of another practitioner, should observe the strictest caution and 
reserve. No meddling inquiries should be made—no disingenuous 
hints given relative to the nature and treatment of his disorder; nor 
any course of conduct pursued that may directly or indirectly tend 
to diminish the trust reposed in the physician employed. 
§ 3. The same circumspection and reserve should be observed 
when, from motives of business or friendship, a physician is prompted 
to visit an individual who is under the direction of another practi- 
tioner. Indeed, such visits should be avoided, except under peculiar 
circumstances; and when they are made, no particular inquiries 44 
CODE OF ETHICS. 
should be instituted relative to the nature of the disease, or the 
remedies employed, but the topics of conversation should be as foreign 
to the case as circumstances will admit, 
§ 4. A physician ought not to take charge of or prescribe for a 
patient who has recently been under'the care of another member of 
the Faculty in the same illness, except in cases of sudden emergency, 
or in consultation with the physician previously in attendance, or 
when the latter has relinquished the case, or been regularly notified 
that his services are no longer desired. Under such circumstances, 
no unjust and illiberal insinuations should be thrown out in relation 
to the conduct or practice previously pursued, which should bejusti" 
fied as far as candor and regard for truth and probity will permit; 
for it often happens that patients become dissatisfied when they do 
not experience immediate relief; and, as many diseases are naturally 
protracted, the want of success, in the first stage of treatment, affords 
no evidence of a lack of professional knowledge and skill. 
§ 5. When a physician is called to an urgent case, because the 
family attendant is not at hand, he ought, unless his assistance in 
consultation be desired, to resign the care of the patient to the latter 
immediately on his arrival, 
§ 0. It often happens, in cases of sudden illness, or of recent 
accidents and injuries, owing to the alarm and anxiety of friends, 
that a number of physicians are simultaneously sent for. Under 
these circumstances, courtesy should assign the patient to the first 
who arrives, who should select from those present, any additional 
assistance that he may deem necessary. In all such cases, however, 
the practitioner who officiates should request the family physician, if 
there be one, to be called; and, unlers his farther attendance be re- 
quested, should resign the case to the latter on his arrival. 
§ 7. When a physician is called to the patient of another prac- 
titioner, in consequence of the sickness or absence of the latter, ho 
ought, ou the return or recovery of the regular attendant, and with 
the consent of the patient, to surrender the case. (The expression, 
“Patient of another practitioner,” is understood to mean a patient 
who may have been under the charge of another practitioner at the 
time of the attack of sickness or departure from home of the latter, 
or who may have called for his attendance during his absence or CODE OF ETHICS. 
45 
sickness, or in any other manner given it to be understood that he 
regarded the said physician as his regular medical attendant.) 
§ 8. A physician, when visiting a sick person in the country, 
may be desired to see a neighboring patient who is under the regular 
direction of another physician, in consequence of some sudden 
change or aggravation of symptoms. The conduct to be pursued 
on such an occasion is to give advice adapted to present circum- 
stances; to interfere no further than is absolutely necessary with the 
general plan of treatment; to assume no future direction, unless it 
be expressly desired ; and, in this last case, to request an immediate 
consultation with the practitioner previously employed. 
§ 9. A wealthy physician should not give advice gratis to the 
affluent; because his doing so is an injury to his professional 
brethren. The office of a physician can never be supported as an 
exclusively beneficent one ; and it is defrauding, in some degree, the 
common funds for its support, when fees are dispensed Avith which 
might justly be claimed. 
§ 10. When a physician who has been engaged to attend a case 
of midwifery is absent, and another is sent for, if delivery is accom- 
plished during the attendance of the latter, he is entitled to the fee, 
but should resign the patient to the practitioner first engaged. 
ARTICLE VI. 
OF DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PHYSICIANS. 
§ 1. Diversity of opinion, and opposition of interest, may, in the 
medical, as in.other professions, sometimes occasion controversy, and 
even contention. Whenever such cases unfortunately occur, and 
cannot be immediately terminated, they should be referred to the 
arbitration of a sufficient number of physicians, or a Court Medical. 
§ 2. As peculiar reserve must be maintained by physicians towards 
the public, in regard to professional matters; and as there exist 
numerous points in medical ethics and etiquette, through which the 
feelings of medical men may be painfully assailed in their intercourse 
with each other, and which cannot be understood or appreciated by 
general society, neither the subject-matter of such differences, nor 46 
CODE OF ETHICS. 
the adjudication of the arbitrators, should be made public ; as pub- 
licity in a case of this nature may be personally injurious to the 
individuals concerned, and can hardly fail to bring discredit on the 
Faculty. 
ARTICLE VII. 
OF PECUNIARY ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. 
Some general rules should be adopted by the Faculty, in every town 
or district, relative to pecuniary acknowledgments from their patients; 
and it should be deemed a pflint of honor to adhere to these rules 
■with as much uniformity as varying circumstances will admit. 
OF THE DUTIES OF THE PROFESSION TO THE PUBLIC, AND OF THE 
OBLIGATIONS OF THE PUBLIC TO THE PROFESSION. 
ARTICLE I. 
DUTIES OF THE PROFESSION TO THE PUBLIC. . 
§ 1. As good citizens, it is the duty of physicians to be ever 
vigilant for the welfare of the community, and to bear their part in 
sustaining its institutions and burdens; they should also be ever 
ready to give counsel to the public in relation to matters especially 
appertaining to their profession; as on subjects of medical police, 
public hygiene, and legal medicine. It is their province to enlighten 
the public in regard to quarantine regulations—the location, ar- 
rangement, and dietaries of hospitals, asylums, schools, prisons, and 
similar institutions—in relation to the medical police of towns, as 
drainage, ventilations, &c.—and in regard to measures for the pre- 
vention of epidemic and contagions diseases ; and when pestilence 
prevails, it is their duty to face the dangei', and to continue their 
labors for the alleviation of the suffering, even at the jeopardy of 
their own lives. C O I) E O F E T II T 0 S . 
47 
§ 2. Medical men should also be always ready, when called on 
by the legally constituted authorities, to enlighten Coroners’ in- 
quests, and courts of justice, on subjects strictly medical—such as 
involve questions relating to sanity, legitimacy, murder by poisons 
or other violent means, and in regard to the various other subjects 
embraced in the science of Medical Jurisprudence. But in these 
cases, and especially where they are required to make a post-mortem 
examination, it is just, in consequence of the time, labor, and skill 
required, and the responsibility and risk they incur, that the public 
should award them a proper honorarium. 
§ 3. There is no profession, by the members of which eleemo- 
synary services are more liberally dispensed than the medical; but 
justice requires that some limits should be placed to the perform- 
ance of such good offices. Poverty, professional brotherhood, and 
certain of the public duties referred to in the first section of this 
Article, should always be recognized as presenting valid claims for 
gratuitous services; but neither institutions endowed by the public, 
or by rich individuals ; societies for mutual benefit, for the insurance 
of lives, or for analogous purposes; nor any profession or occupa- 
tion, can be admitted to possess such privilege. Nor can it be justly 
expected of physicians to furnish certificates of inability to serve on 
juries, to perform militia duty, or to testify to the state of health of 
persons wishing to insure their lives, obtain pensions, or the like, 
without a pecuniary acknowledgment. But to individuals in indigent 
circumstances, such professional services should always be cheer- 
fully and freely accorded. 
§ 4. It is the duty of physicians, who are frequent witnesses 
of the enormities committed by quackery, and the injury to health, 
and even destruction of life, caused by the use of quack medicines, 
to enlighten the public on these subjects; to expose the injuries 
sustained by the unwary, from the devices and pretensions of artful 
empirics and impostors. Physicians ought to use all the influence 
which they may possess, as professors in Colleges of Pharmacy and 
by exercising their option in regard to the shops to which their pre- 
scriptions shall be sent, to discourage druggists and apothecaries 
from vending quack or secret medicines ; or from being in any way 
engaged in their manufacture and sale. 48 
C ODE OF E T H I 0 S . 
ARTICLE II. 
OBLIGATIONS OF THE PUBLIC TO PHYSICIANS. 
§ I. The benefits accruing to the public, directly and indirectly, 
from the active and unwearied beneficence of the profession, are so 
numerous and important, that physicians are justly entitled to the 
utmost consideration and respect from the community. The public 
ought likewise to entertain a just appreciation of medical qualifi- 
cations ; to make a proper discrimination between true science and 
the assumptions of ignorance and empiricism ; to atford every 
encouragement and facility for the acquisition of medical education ; 
and no longer to allow the statute-books to exhibit the anomaly 
of exacting knowledge from physicians, under a liability to heavy 
penalties, and of making them obnoxious to punishment, for resort- 
ing to the only means of obtaining it.