' ' There is hereby established a State Veterinary College at 
Cornell University." Laws of New York, /Syy p. joy. 
ANNOUNCEMENT * 
OF THE 
NEW YORK STATE 
VETERINARY COLLEGE 
AT 
CORNELL UNIVERSITY 
1898-99 
ITHACA, N. Y. 
PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY 
1898 table of contents 
PAGB 
Calendar Second page of cover 
Table of Contents 2 
Officers of Administration _ 3 
Faculty 3-4 
Veterinary College Directory 4 
Foundation and Objects of the College 5-6 
Buildings and Location 7 
Admission on Certificate 8-9 
Admission on Examination 9-19 
Admission to Advanced Standing 19 
Time of Examinations Second page of cover 
Admission to Graduate Work 20 
Residence and Registration 20 
Requirements for Graduation __ 20, 22 
Schedule of the Courses of Instruction 20-21 
Departments, Methods and Facilities 22-37 
Chemistry 22 
Anatomy 23 
Comparative Physiology 25 
Microscopy, Histology and Embryology 26 
College of Agriculture, Breeds and Breeding 28 
Pharmacology and Therapeutics : 29 
Medicine, Sanitary Science and Parasitism 30 
Surgery, Zootechny, Obstetrics and Jurisprudence 31 
Pathology, Bacteriology and Meat Inspection 35 
Graduate and Research Work : 37 
Library Facilities 37 
The Roswell P. Flower Veterinary Library 37 
Veterinary College Seminary 38 
Society of Comparative Medicine 38 
Tuition and Laboratory Fees ; other Expenses 38-39 
Horace K. White Prizes 39 
Position as Demonstrator 39 
Appendix A. Openings for Veterinarians in America 40 
Appendix B. Legal requirements of preparatory and professional 
study for graduation in Veterinary Medicine in the State of 
New York. Requirements for License to practice Veterinary 
Medicine in the State of New York 8, 41 
Catalog of Veterinary College Students for the year 1897-1898 43 OFFICERS OF ADMINISTRATION 
OF THE 
NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
The Board of Trustees of Cornell University, in which are included 
the following State Officers : His Excellency the Governor, His Honor, 
the Lieutenant-Governor, the Speaker of the Assembly, the Superin- 
tendent of Public Instruction ; also the President of the State Agricultural 
Society, and the Commissioner of Agriculture. 
Veterinary Cortege Council. 
The President of Cornell University, JACOB G. SCHURMAN. 
The Director of the Veterinary College, Professor JAMES LAW. 
The Treasurer of Cornell University, EMMONS L. WILLIAMS. 
Professor WALTER L. WILLIAMS. 
Professor SIMON H. GAGE. 
CHARLES EZRA CORNELL, Secretary of the Council. 
FACULTY OF THE 
NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE. 
JACOB GOULD SCHURMAN, A.M., D.Sc., LL.D., President. 
JAMES LAW, F.R.C.V.S., Professor of Principles and Practice of Vet- 
erinary Medicine, Veterinary Sanitary Science, and Parasitism. 
WALTER L. WILLIAMS, D.V.S., Professor of Principles and Practice of 
Veterinary Surgery, Obstetrics, Zootechny, and furisprudence. 
PIERRE AUGUSTINE FISH, D.Sc., D.V.S., Assistant Professor of 
Comparative Physiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 
VERANUS ALVA MOORE, B.S., M.D , Professor of Comparative Path- 
ology and Bacteriology, and of Meat Inspection. 
SIMON HENRY GAGE, B.S., Professor of Microscopy, Histology and 
Embryology. 
GRANT SHERMAN HOPKINS, D.Sc., Assistant Professor of Vet- 
erinary Anatomy and Anatomical Methods. 
BENJAMIN FREEMAN KINGSBURY, A.B., Ph.D., Instructor in Mi- 
croscopy, Histology and Embryology. 
RAYMOND CLINTON REED, Ph.B., Instructor in Comparative Path- 
ology and Bacteriology. 
, Demonstrator of Anatomy. 4 
NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
Professors and Teachers in Corneee University who furnish 
Instruction to Veterinary Students. 
GEORGE CHAPMAN CALDWELL, B.S., Ph.D., Professor of Agricul- 
tural and Analytical Chemistry. 
ISAAC PHILLIPS ROBERTS, M.Agr., Professor of Agriculture. 
WILLIAM RIDGELY ORNDORFF, A.B., Ph.D., Assistant Professor 
of Organic and Physiological Chemistry. 
HENRY HIRAM WING, M.S., Assistant Professor of Animal Indus- 
try and Dairy Husbandry. 
FREDERICK LAWRENCE KORTRIGHT, D.Sc., Instructor in Chem- 
istry. 
Veterinary Cortege Directory. 
The President of the University, JACOB G. SCHURMAN, 2 Morrill 
Hall. 
The Dean of the Veterinary College, Professor JAMES LAW, Room 
2, s. e. corner, 1st floor of the Veterinary College. 
Professor WALTER L. WILLIAMS, Room 3, n. w. corner, 1st floor. 
Professor PIERRE A. FISH, Room 11, n. w. corner, 2d floor. 
Professor GRANT S. HOPKINS, Room 12, n. e. corner, 2d floor. 
Professor VERANUS A. MOORE, Room 13, s. w. corner, 3d floor. 
Professor SIMON H. GAGE, Room 14, s. e. corner, 3d floor. 
Instructor B. F. KINGSBURY, Room 18, n. e. corner, 3d floor. 
Instructor RAYMOND C. REED, Room 17, 11. w. corner, 3d floor. 
Veterinary College Clerk, CHARLES EZRA CORNELL, Room 1, 
s. w. corner, 1st floor. 
The Stud Groom, GEORGE I. BOVIER, Cottage east of Main 
Building (see plan, p. 7). FOUNDATION. 
The New York State Veterinary College was established by act of the 
State Legislature in 1894. "There is hereby established a State Veteri- 
nary College at Cornell University," Laws of New York 1894, p. 307. By 
action of the Board of Trustees of Cornell University, June 10, 1894, the 
location of the College upon the University Campus was authorized. It 
was further enacted that while the University does not undertake any 
financial responsibility for the buildings, equipment or maintenance of 
the College, it does consent to furnish instruction upon such subjects as 
are or shall be in its curriculum upon such terms as may be deemed 
equitable. 
By further acts of the Legislature provision for the buildings, equip- 
ment and maintenance of the College were made and finally in 1897, by 
"An act to provide for the administration of the State Veterinary College, 
established by chapter 153 of the laws of 1894," it was enacted that the 
Trustees of Cornell University should be entrusted with the administra- 
tion. (For officers of administration, see p. 3). 
OBJECTS OF THE INSTITUTION. 
As stated in the act to provide for the administration of the State 
Veterinary College : "The State Veterinary College, established by chap- 
ter 153 of the laws of 181)4, shall be known as the New York State Veteri- 
nary College. The object of said veterinary college shall be: to conduct 
investigations as to the nature, prevention and cure of all diseases of ani- 
mals, including such as are communicable to man and such as cause 
epizootics among live stock ; to investigate the economical questions which 
will contribute to the more profitable breeding, rearing and utilization of 
animals; to produce reliable standard preparations of toxins, antitoxins 
and other products to be used in the diagnosis, prevention and cure of 
diseases and in the conducting of sanitary work by approved modern 
methods ; and to give instruction in the normal structure and function of 
the animal body, in the pathology, prevention and treatment of animal 
diseases, and in all matters pertaining to sanitary science as applied to live 
stock and correlatively to the human family." 
The New York State Veterinary College was therefore founded to 
raise the standard of veterinary instruction and investigation to the level 6 
NE IV YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
of the most recent advances in biology and medicine. The number of 
farm animals in this State (9,450,000), and their value ($131,200,000), 
with a yearly product, in milk alone, of over 5,000,000,000 gallons, give 
some idea of the great interest at stake in the matter of live stock. For 
the United States a value in live stock of, approximately, $2,000,000,000, 
and a yearly sale, in Chicago alone, of $250,000,000 worth, bespeak 
the need of all that learning and skill can do for the fostering of this, 
great industry. Another consideration is that the normal permanent 
fertilization of the soil is dependent on the live stock kept, and that 
where there is a deficiency of animals, the productiveness of the land is 
steadily exhausted ; so that the health and improvement of animals and 
the fostering of animal industry, lie at the very foundation of our 
national wealth. Another, and no less potent argument, for the highest 
standard of veterinary education, is its influence on the health of the 
human race. With a long list of communicable diseases, which are com- 
mon to man and beast, and with the most fatal of all human maladies- 
tuberculosis-also the most prevalent affection in our farm herds in 
many districts, it is to the last degree important that measures for the 
extinction of such contagion in our live stock should receive the best 
attention of the most highly trained experts. 
To justify the liberality of the State in creating this seat of learning, 
it will be the aim of the College to thoroughly train a class of veterinari- 
ans for dealing with all disease and defects that depreciate the value of 
our live stock, and with the causes which give rise to them ; to recognize 
and suppress animal plagues, which rob the stock owner of his profits, 
and cause widespread ruin ; to protect our flocks and herds against pesti- 
lences of foreign origin, and to protect human health and life against 
diseases of animal origin. It will further aim, so far as it has the means 
and opportunity, at establishing a center of investigation, looking 
towards such improvements in the breeding, care and management of 
animals as may enhance their market value and make returns more 
speedy and profitable ; towards discoveries in therapeutics, and the im- 
munization of animals and men from contagion ; and towards the 
production of organic compounds to be employed in diagnosis, treatment 
and immunizing. So much has been recently discovered in these direc- 
tions, and present knowledge points so unmistakably to coming discov- 
ery, that to neglect this field at the present time would be decidedly rep- 
rehensible. Apart from discovery, the mere production of reliable articles 
of these organic products which are coming into increasing demand by 
the State and private practitioner, for prevention, diagnosis and treat- 
ment, is an object not to be lightly set aside. The combination in one 
institution of educational facilities with scientific investigation, and the 
production of the organic extracts to be employed in modern medical 
methods, is a feature calculated to insure the best work in all depart- 
ments, and the most exceptional advantages for the diligent student. NE IV YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
7 
LOCATION AND BUILDINGS. 
The New York State Veterinary College is located at Ithaca, on the 
•campus of Cornell University, fronting on East Avenue, and facing the 
University buildings. Electric cars on East Avenue convey students and 
visitors to any part of the city. Ithaca, with its population of 12,000, is 
situated at the head of Cayuga Cake, 262 miles distant from New York 
City, and on the lines of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western, the 
Lehigh Valley, and the Elmira, Cortland and Northern railroads. The 
University grounds are half a mile from the business center of the city 
and 400 feet higher, commanding a view of 30 miles of valley and lake. 
They comprise 270 acres, of which 140 are used by the department of 
agriculture, and furnish home facilities for clinics and zootechnics. On 
the campus of 80 acres are 36 professors' houses, 5 fraternity houses, and 
over 30 University and College buildings. 
The Buildings for the State Veterinary College are seven in number, 
as follows : 
Shed 
Operating Theatre 
General Ward 
Isolation Ward 
Mortuary 
Cottage 
Main Building 
The Main Building, 142 feet by 42 feet and three stories high, 
overlooks East Avenue and an intervening park of 220 feet by 300 feet. 
The walls are of dull yellowish buff pressed brick, on a base of Gouver- 
neur marble ; window and door facings of Indiana limestone, and terra 
cotta ornamentation. On the first floor are the museum and rooms of 
the dean and professor of surgery and obstetrics, and business office 
(Plate I). The second floor is devoted to the upper part of the museum, 
a lecture room, a temporary laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, 
reading room, library and rooms of professors (Plate II). The third floor 8 
NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
is devoted to the laboratories of pathology and bacteriology and of 
microscopy, histology and embryology (Plate III). 
Connected with the main building and forming its Bast Wing is a 
structure of 90 feet by 40, and one story high. This contains the anatomi- 
cal laboratories, and the lecture room of anatomy, medicine and surgery. 
Its floors are of impermeable cement, the walls lined by enameled white 
brick, and the ceilings covered with sheet steel (Plate I). 
The second extension from the main building is the Boiler ani> 
Engine Room, where power is generated for heating and ventilation. 
The Surgical Operating Theatre is a separate building in the 
rear of the main building, and is furnished with room for forge, instru- 
ments, water heater, etc. The lighting and equipment, and the facilities 
for demonstration, have been specially attended to (Plate I). 
The General patient's Ward, 100 feet by 31, is furnished with 
box and other stalls, heating apparatus, baths and all necessary appli- 
ances. The floor is of impermeable cement, and the ceilings of painted 
sheet steel. There is also a fodder room of 20 by 30 feet (Plate VI). 
The Isolation Ward 54 feet by 15, has its stalls absolutely sepa- 
rated from one another and each opening by its own outer door. It has 
the usual impermeable floor, with walls of vitrified brick and painted 
sheet steel ceilings. 
The Mortuary Building has an impermeable floor, walls of enam- 
eled brick and painted steel plate ceilings, and is fitted with every con- 
venience for conducting post mortem examinations and preparing 
pathological specimens. 
The Shed 51 by 20 feet, next the operating theatre is devoted to 
clinical uses. 
These, with a cottage for the stud groom, complete the list of State 
buildings erected for the Veterinary College. The equipment has been 
made very complete both for educational uses and original research. 
For a more detailed account of the equipment and the facilities for 
instruction see "Departments, methods and facilities," pp. 22-37. 
ADMISSION TO THE NEW YORK STATE 
VETERINARY COLLEGE. 
ADMISSION ON CERTIFICATE. 
For admission the candidate must possess at least the preliminary 
education required by the laws of New York (Laws of 1895, Ch. 860). 
As evidence that the requirements have been fulfilled, the regents issue 
"Veterinary Student Certificates," and one of these must be filed with 
the Director of the college. 
Briefly stated the legal preliminary educational requirement for 
admission is that the candidate must have satisfactorily completed a 
course requiring at least 48 academic, Regents' counts in a registered NE IE YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
9 
academy or high school, or he must have had a preliminary education 
considered and accepted by the Regents as fully equivalent. A student 
may be admitted conditionally to a veterinary college who is not deficient 
in more than 12 of the 48 academic counts, but the deficiency must be 
made up before beginning the second year of professional study, if that 
study is to count toward a degree. 
The Regents will accept as fully equivalent to the required academic 
course any one of the following : 
1. A baccalaureate degree from the academic department of any 
college or university of recognized standing. 
2. A certificate of having successfully completed at least one full 
year's course of study in the collegiate department of any college or 
university, registered by the Regents as maintaining a satisfactory 
standard. 
3. A certificate of having passed in a registered institution examin- 
ations equivalent to the full collegiate course of the freshman year or to 
a completed academic course. 
4. Regents' pass cards for any 48 academic counts or any regents' 
diploma. 
5. Certificate of graduation from any registered gymnasium in 
Germany, Austria or Russia. 
6. A certificate of the successful completion of a course of five years 
in a registered ginnasio and three years in a liceo. 
q. The bachelor's degree in arts or science, or substantial equiv- 
alents from any registered institution in France or Spain. 
8. Any credential from a registered institution, or from the govern- 
ment in any state or country which represents the completion of a course 
of study equivalent to graduation from a registered New York high 
school or academy or from a registered Prussian gymnasium. 
(For full information concerning the education necessary to obtain 
the "Veterinary Student Certificate" or for the acceptance as equivalents 
of work done in the academies or high schools of this or of other states, 
not under the Regents, address Examination Department, University of 
the State of New York, Albany, N. Y.) 
ADMISSION ON EXAMINATION. 
For the present, students with a "Regents' Veterinary Student Cer- 
tificate" will be admitted without further examination. For those not 
possessing such a certificate, admission may be granted to students who 
pass Cornell University entrance examinations as follows : (The Veteri- 
nary College Faculty does not hold entrance examinations. All entrance 
examinations are given by the Faculty of Arts and Sciences): 
The following, representing an equivalent of 24 regents' counts, 
must be passed by every one trying the examination : (The number of 
■counts each subject represents is given in parenthesis). 10 
NE JU YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
English (8). Geography, physical and political )2). Physiology and 
Hygiene (2). Drawing (2). American History and Civics (2). Plane- 
Geometry (4). Algebra (4). 
For an equivalent of the remaining 24 regents' counts the applicant 
may elect a sufficient number from any combination of the following : 
Elementary French (4). Elementary German (4). Advanced French 
(6). Advanced German (6). Entrance Greek (11). Latin, Caesar and 
Grammar (8). Latin, Vergil, Cicero and Composition (7). Physics (4). 
Chemistry (4). Botany (4), Geology (4). Zoology (4). 
The statements below are designed to give an idea of what is expected 
tinder each subject. 
English: One hour of examination is assigned to answering 
questions upon the books marked A. Two more hours are occupied 
with writing three essays (250 words each) upon subjects taken from the 
books marked B. 
The books prescribed for 1898 are : A. Milton, Paradise Lost, Books i 
and ii ; Pope, Iliad, Books i and xxii ; The Sir Roger de Coverly Papers 
in the Spectator; Goldsmith, The Vicar of Wakefield ; Coleridge, The 
Ancient Mariner ; Southey, Life of Nelson ; Carlyle, Essay on Burns ; 
Lowell, The Vision of Sir Launfal; Hawthorne, The House of the 
Seven Gables. B. Shakespeare, Macbeth ; Burke, Conciliation with 
America ; DeQuincey,' Flight of a Tartar Tribe ; Tennyson, The 
Princess. 
For 1899 : A. Dryden, Palamon and Arcite ; Pope, Iliad, Books i, 
vi, xxii, xxiv ; The Sir Roger de Coverly Papers in the Spectator; 
Goldsmith, The Vicar of Wakefield ; Coleridge, The Ancient Mariner : 
DeQuincey, The Flight of a Tartar Tribe ; Cooper, The Last of the 
Mohicans ; Lowell, The Vision of Sir Launfal ; Hawthorne, The House 
of the Seven Gables. B. Shakespeare, Macbeth ; Milton, Paradise Lost, 
Books i and ii ; Burke, Conciliation with America ; Carlyle, Essay on 
Burns. 
For 1900 : A. Dryden, Palamon and Arcite ; Pope, Iliad, Books, i, vi, 
xxii, xxiv ; The Sir Roger de Coverly Papers in the Spectator; Gold- 
smith, The Vicar of Wakefield ; Scott, Ivanhoe ; DeQuincey, The Flight 
of a Tartar Tribe ; Cooper, The Last of the Mohicans ; Tennyson, The 
Princess; Lowell, The Vision of Sir Launfal. B. Shakespeare, Mac- 
beth ; Milton, Paradise Lost, Books i and ii ; Burke, Conciliation with 
America ; Macaulay, Essays on Milton and on Addison. 
The object of the examination is to test the candidate's ability to- 
express himself clearly and correctly ; also, to test his familiarity with 
the works prescribed. 
No candidate markedly deficient in English will be admitted to any 
course in the University. 
Geography, Political and Physical : As much as is contained in 
the larger school geographies, and in Tarr's "Physical Geography.'' NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
11 
Physiology and Hygiene : The equivalent of Martin's "The Human 
Body'' (briefer course), and of Wilder's "Health Notes" and "Emergen- 
cies." The treatises of Hutchinson, Huxley, Jenkins, Steeles, and 
Walker are accepted as equivalents of Martin. 
[In the next Register the above list will probably include only the 
last editions of the secondary and short treatises of Jenkins, Martin, and 
Wilder, but recent works intended for use in colleges will be accepted as 
equivalents]. 
Drawing : To meet the requirement in drawing the student should 
have had a thorough training of the hand and eye in outline drawing 
from natural and conventional forms ; and he should be master of the 
principles of perspective and their application in the drawing of geomet- 
rical objects. The study of light and shade in models and from nature 
should be sufficient to enable him to sketch with accuracy and rapidity 
any of the simple forms and compositions that may be required. As a 
part of the examination the work of the student, certified by the teacher, 
should be submitted. 
American History with the Elements of Civil Government: It is 
expected that the study of American History will be such as to 
show the development and origin of the institutions of our own 
country ; that it will, therefore, include the colonial beginnings ; and that 
it will deal with the period of discovery and early settlement sufficiently 
to show the relation of peoples on the American continent, and the 
meaning of the struggle for mastery. 
( The following requirements in Mathematics are the same as those 
agreed upon by the Conference of representatives from Columbia, Har- 
vard, Pennsylvania, Princeton, Yale and Cornell Universities}. 
Plane Geometry: Including the solution of simple original exer- 
•cises, numerical problems, and questions on the metric system ; as much 
as is contained in the larger American and English text-books. 
Algebra : Factors, common divisors and multiples, fractious, equa- 
tions of the first degree with one or more unknown quantities, involution 
including the binomial theorem for positive entire exponents, evolution, 
the doctrine of exponents, radicals and equations involving radicals, 
quadratic equations of one or two unknown quantities and equations 
solved like quadratics, ratio and proportion, and putting problems into 
equations, and including radicals ; as much as is contained in the larger 
American and English text-books. 
[In the fundamental operations of Algebra, such as multiplication 
and division, the management of brackets, the solving of numerical 
and literal equations of the first and second degrees, the combining and 
simplifying of fractions and radicals, the interpretation and use of 
negative quantities and of o and co , the putting of problems into equa- 
tions-the student should have distinct notions of the meaning and the 
reason of all that he does, and be able to state them clearly in his own 12 
NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
language ; he should also be able to perform all these operations, even 
when somewhat complex, with rapidity, accuracy, and neatness ; and to 
solve practical problems readily and completely. In his preparatory 
study he is advised to solve a great many problems, and to state and 
explain the reasons for the steps taken. 
In Geometry he should learn the definitions accurately, whether in 
the language of the text-book or not, and in proving a theorem or 
solving a problem he should be able to prove every statement made, 
going back step by step until he rests upon the primary definitions and 
axioms. He should be able to apply the principles of geometry to 
practical and numerical examples, to construct his diagrams readily 
with rule and compass, and to find for himself the solutions of simple 
problems and the demonstrations of simple theorems. To cultivate 
this power of origination, he should always, before reading the solu- 
tion or proof given in his text-book, try to find out one for himself, 
making use, if necessary, of his author's diagram ; and if successful, he 
should compare critically his own work with his author's and see 
wherein either is the better. Besides oral recitations, he is advised to 
write out his demonstrations, having regard both to the matter and to 
the form of his statements ; and when written he should carefully 
study them to make sure, first, that he has a complete chain of argu- 
ment, and secondly, that it is so arranged that without defect or 
redundance one step follows as a logical consequence of another]. 
Elementary French or Elementary German as below. 
( The following requirements for admission to Cornell University in 
Elementary French and Elementary German are the same as those agreed 
upon by the Conference of representatives from Columbia, Harvard, Penn- 
sylvania, Princeton, Yale, and Cornell Universities'). 
Elementary French : (a) The translation at sight of ordinary nine- 
teenth century prose. It is important that the passages set be rendered 
into clear and idiomatic English. It is believed that the power of trans- 
lating at sight ordinary nineteenth century prose can be acquired by 
reading not less than four hundred duodecimo pages from the works of 
at least three different authors. Not more than one-half of this amount 
ought to be from works of fiction. This number of pages is to include 
not only prepared work, but all sight reading done in class, (b) The 
translation from English into French of sentences or of a short connected 
passage to test the candidate's familiarity with elementary grammar. 
Elementary grammar is understood to include the conjugations of verbs, 
of the more frequent irregular verbs, such as aller, envoyer, tenir, pouvoir, 
voir, vouloir, dire, savoir, faire, and those belonging to the classes repre- 
sented by ouvrir, dormir, connaitre, conduire, and craindre ; the forms 
and positions of personal pronouns, the uses of other pronouns and of 
possessive, demonstrative, and interrogative adjectives ; the inflection of 
nouns and adjectives for gender and number, except rare cases ; the uses 
of articles, and the partitive constructions. NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
13 
Pronunciation should be carefully taught and pupils be trained to 
some extent to hear and understand spoken French. The writing of 
French from dictation is recommended as a useful exercise. 
For examination no specific authors or works are designated. An 
examination in pronunciation and the writing of French from dictation 
will be included. All applicants for admission are required to present a 
statement from their teacher mentioning the text-books used and the 
authors read, including the number of pages translated from French into 
English and English into French. 
Elementary German : (a) The rudiments of grammar, and espe- 
cially these topics ; The declension of articles, adjectives, pronouns, 
and such nouns as are readily classified ; the conjugation of weak and 
of the more usual strong verbs ; the commoner prepositions ; the simpler 
uses of the modal auxiliaries ; the elementary rules of syntax and word 
order. The proficiency of the applicant may be tested by questions on 
the above topics and by the translation into German of simple English 
sentences, (b.) Translation at sight of a passage of easy prose contain- 
ing no rare words. It is believed that the requisite facility can be ac- 
quired by reading not less than two hundred duodecimo pages of simple 
German. 
Practice in pronunciation, in writing German from dictation, and in 
the use of simple German phrases in the class room is recommended. 
For examination no specific authors or works are designated. An 
examination in pronunciation and the writing of German from dictation 
may be included. All applicants for admission are required to present a 
statement from their teacher mentioning the text-books used and the 
authors read, including the number of pages translated from German 
into English, and English into German. 
In Advanced French or Advanced German: 
( The following requirements for admission to Cornell University in 
Advanced French and Advanced German are the same as those agreed 
upon by the Conference of representatives from Columbia, Harvard, 
Pennsylvania, Princeton, Yale, and Cornell Universities}. 
Advanced French : (a) The translation at sight of standard French. 
It is important that the passages set be rendered into clear and idiomatic 
English. It is believed that the necessary proficiency in translation at 
sight can be acquired by reading, in addition to the elementary work, 
not less than six hundred duodecimo pages of prose and verse from the 
writings of at least four standard authors. A considerable part of the 
amount read should be carefully translated into idiomatic English, 
(b) The translation into French of a connected passage of English 
prose. Candidates will be expected to show a thorough knowledge of 
accidence and familiarity with the essentials of French syntax, especially 
the uses of tenses, moods, prepositions, and conjunctions. Careful atten- 
tion should be paid to pronunciation and the uses of spoken French. > 14 
NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
For examination no specific authors or works are designated. Au 
-examination in pronunciation and the writing of French from dictation 
will be included. All applicants for admission are required to present a 
statement from their teacher, mentioning the text-books used and the 
authors read, including the number of pages translated from French into 
English and English into French. 
Advanced German : (a) More advanced grammar. In addition to 
a thorough knowledge of accidence, of the elements of word formation, 
and of the principal uses of prepositions and conjunctions, the candidate 
must be familiar with the essentials of German syntax, and particularly 
with the uses of modal auxiliaries and the subjunctive and infinitive 
moods. The proficiency of the applicant may be tested by questions on 
these topics, and by the translation into German of easy connected Eng- 
lish prose. (b) Translation at sight of ordinary German. It is believed 
that the requisite facility can be acquired by reading, in addition to the 
amount mentioned under elementary German (see p. 13), at least five 
hundred pages of classical and contemporary prose and poetry. It is 
recommended that not less than one-half of this reading be selected from 
the works of Eessing, Schiller, and Goethe. 
It is recommended that the candidate acquire the ability to follow a 
recitation conducted in German and to answer in that language questions 
asked by the instructor. 
For examination no specific authors or works are designated. An 
examination in pronunciation and the writing of German from dictation 
may be included. All applicants for admission are required to present a 
statement from their teacher, mentioning the text-books used and the 
authors read, including the number of pages translated from German 
into English and English into German. 
Greek: candidates are examined on (1) Grammar. A thorough 
knowledge of the common forms, idioms and constructions and of the 
general grammatical principles of Attic prose Greek, to be tested by an 
examination on a prescribed portion of Xenophon (-for the next five 
years Xenophon's Anabasis, Books I and II). The test is to consist in 
part of questions, in part of simple sentences set for translation into Greek ; 
it may include also translation from Greek into English. (2) Attic 
prose at sight. Ability to translate at sight a passage adapted to the 
proficiency of those who have read not less than 130 Teubner pages of 
Attic prose. The candidate is expected to show in his translation accurate 
knowledge of the forms and structure of the language, and an intelligent 
comprehension of the whole passage. (3) Homer. Ability to translate 
a passage from some prescribed portion of Homeric poems (for the next 
three years), Iliad, Book I and Book II, vv. 1-493), and to answer ques- 
tions designed to test the candidate's understanding of the passage, as 
well as questions upon poetic forms, constructions, and prosody. 
Latin : candidates are examined (1) in the following authors : with 
questions on subject-matter, constructions, and the formation and in- NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
15 
flection of words ; Vergil, six books of the fEneid, with the prosody ; 
Cicero, six Orations, including the four against Catiline ; the translation 
at sight of passages adapted to the proficiency of candidates who have 
studied Latin in a systematic course of at least five lessons a week for 
three years, the passages to be selected from Nepos or Caesar ; and 
(2) Latin composition based on Bennett's or Jones's Latin Composition. 
Physics: Students offering physics for entrance must show an 
acquaintance with the more important phenomena and with the princi- 
ples involved in the explanation of them. They must, in addition to a 
year's work with the text-book, have completed a year of laboratory 
practice and must be prepared to work simple numerical problems upon 
the laws of falling bodies ; upon the pendulum ; upon properties of 
liquids and gases, including the determination of density ; upon ther- 
mometry and calorimetry, including specific heats and heats of fusion 
and liquefaction ; upon the relations of current and electromotive force 
and resistance ; upon velocity, wave length and resonance in sound; 
upon refractive indices, focal lengths and the size and position of images 
in optics. The student must understand and be able to use the metric 
system in measurement and computation. 
The laboratory work offered must be chiefly quantitative in char- 
acter, and must consist of at least forty exercises or experiments of the 
character given in Nichols' "Outlines of Physics," or other works 
similar to this in grade and method. The laboratory work prescribed 
above must have been performed by the student individually, in 
evidence whereof he must present his laboratory notebook at the time of 
examination. He must, moreover, be prepared to describe intelligently 
the method pursued and the results obtained in the experiments which 
he has performed. 
Chemistry : Remsen's "Introduction to the Study of Chemistry," or 
its equivalent, is to be taken as the basis of the examination. In addi- 
tion to that, laboratory practice must have been taken with the same 
book as a guide, or some other book of a similar character, representing 
eighty hours of actual work ; the notes upon this, carefully written out, 
must be presented at the time of the examination, and this record should 
be endorsed by the teacher at the close of each day's work. Problems in 
the calculation of gas volumes, and in stoichiometry will be included in 
the examination. Finally the applicant will be examined on such an 
amount of qualitative analysis as can be accomplished in eighty hours of 
actual practice in the laboratory. A carefully written and endorsed note 
book of this work must also be presented at the time of the examination. 
Botany: The student should aim to acquire a knowledge of the 
general laws and fundamental principles of plant nutrition, assimilation, 
growth, etc., as exemplified by plants chosen from the different groups, 
as well as the general comparative morphology and the broader relation- 
ships of plants. 16 
NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
The following brief synopsis will suggest the topics and methods of 
study : 
Study protoplasm in plants representing different groups, as 
spirogyra, mucor, nitella, and in the tissues of some of the higher plants, 
in order to demonstrate that this substance, though occurring in widely 
different plants, is fundamentally the same, and reacts in a similar man- 
ner to treatment with certain simple reagents. 
Study absorption and osmose in plant cells, employing such plants 
as spirogyra, mucor, the cells of some higher plant as the beet, and in 
the root hairs of a seedling plant ; test the effect of salt solutions in 
plasmolyzing the cells of these plants, then the restoration of turges- 
cence in the same cells, and the movement of the protoplasmic mem- 
brane to demonstrate the part it plays in the process of absorption in 
plants. 
Study nutrition by comparison of soil and water cultures in seedlings ; 
study also root pressure ; turgidity in plant parts and cell masses ; trans- 
piration ; the path of movement of liquids in higher plants, and the general 
structure correlated with these processes ; study nutrition of parasites 
(carnation rust, dodder), of mushroom. 
Study the movement of gases in carbon assimilation as shown by 
spirogyra, vaucheria, elodaea, etc., in respiration as shown in germinat- 
ing seeds ; study forms of chlorophyll bodies and the formation of starch, 
noting the parts of the plant where these processes take place, and using 
for comparison, spirogyra, zygnema, vaucheria, oedogonium ; liverworts 
like riccia, marcliantia, cephalozia ; mosses like funaria, mnium ; and a 
few of the higher plants, including lemna. 
Study growth of seedlings with reference to increase in length and 
diameter, direction of growth ; irritability shown by movement of parts 
in response to stimuli. (The topics as above arranged, as far as possible 
represent progression of function, and the study of the lower plants 
throws great light on the processes in the higher forms, and at the same 
time familiarizes the student with a few of these lower forms). 
Study general morphology, reproduction and fruiting in the different 
groups. Examples are suggested as follows : Among the algae,-spir- 
ogyra, vaucheria, oedogonium, coleochatae ; among the fungi,-mucor, 
saprolegnia, puccinia (wheat rust), one of the erisypheae (powdery mil- 
dews), mushrooms; among the liverworts,-riccia, marchantia, cepha- 
lozia ; among the mosses,-funaria, mnium, or polytrichum ; among 
fern plants,-a fern, equisetum, selaginella, isoetes; among gymnos- 
perms,-one of the pines ; among angiosperms,-one of the monocotyle- 
dons and a dicotyledon. (In this study it will be found useful in deal- 
ing with the lower plants to use the same plant as often as possible for 
the different topics, since fewer new names will be introduced and the 
student can concentrate the mind upon processes and structures. The 
plants suggested are chosen for a purpose since they represent pro- NE W YORK ST A TE VE TERINA R Y COLL EGE 
17 
gression of form and structure. The student should study all the stages 
suggested from the actual material using text-books only as aids). 
In the algae, liverworts, mosses and ferns the organs of reproduction 
can usually be easily studied by beginners if material is preserved at 
the proper stages in advance, or it may be grown as wanted. In the 
higher plants the study of the reproductive organs is attended with dif- 
ficulty. Here and in other difficult topics the studies should be supple- 
mented by demonstrations on the part of the teacher, and by collateral 
reading. 
Study the special morphology of the higher plants by a careful ex- 
amination of types in the families of angiosperms. The following are 
suggested,-ranunculaceae, cruciferae, leguminosae, rosaceae, umbellif- 
erae, compositae, labiatae, cupuliferae, salicaceae, liliaceae, araceae, 
cyperaceae, geraniaceae, orchidaceae. 
As a part of the examination, careful notes and drawings must be 
presented as evidence that the work on the several topics outlined above 
has been faithfully and successfully accomplished. Those who wish to 
prepare an herbarium in addition, may present the same as partial evi- 
dence, but weight will be given to this only when the herbarium is pre- 
pared with a view of illustrating some definite problem either of relation- 
ship or of ecological study, as plant distribution in relation to soil, 
topography of the country, plant formations, etc. 
Geology : To meet the requirement in geology it will be necessary to 
devote at least five periods a week for one year to the study. Of this time 
not less than two periods a week must be given to laboratory and field work. 
The text-book used should cover the ground treated in such books as 
Scott's "Introduction to Geology," Geike's "Class Book of Geology" and 
Tarr's "Elementary Geology but in addition to the subjects included 
in these books the student will be expected to do collateral reading in 
such works of reference as Geike's "Text-book of Geology," Dana's 
"Manual of Geology," Lyell's "Principles of Geology" and LeConte's 
"Elements of Geology." It would also be well to refer to books on spe- 
cific subjects, such -as Dana's "Characteristics of Volcanoes," Dana's 
"Corals and Coral Islands," Russell's "Volcanoes," Russell's "Dakes," 
Wright's "Ice Age in North America," Russell's "Glaciers," etc. The 
■examination will test not merely the knowledge upon the text-book 
itself, but also the range and thoroughness of the work done with refer- 
ence books. Carefully written digests of the parts read in the reference 
books, if certified by the teacher, may be offered in evidence of the 
amount of work done with them. 
Much stress will be placed upon that part of the examination testing 
the laboratory and field work. This will consist in part of the notes 
upon that work, certified by the teacher. This laboratory and field 
work should in large measure be made a study of the home geology ; 
and evidence of good work in this connection will be necessary in order 
to pass the subject. 18 
NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
In the laboratory the common minerals and rocks should be studied 
so that the pupil may identify them without difficulty. Photographs of 
geological phenomena should also be studied, and training be given in 
the interpretation of geological maps. An elementary knowledge of 
paleontology should be obtained by the study of some of the common 
fossils ; and if the school is situated in a fossiliferous region, field work in 
stratigraphic geology should be included, together with the collection of 
fossils and their identification in the laboratory. Some hints concerning 
the nature of the work expected in the laboratory and the field may be 
gained from Tarr's "Suggestions for Laboratory and Field Work in 
High School Geology.'' 
Zoology: The examination in zoology will consist of two parts as- 
follows : 
I. Invertebrate Zoology: The candidate must have devoted the 
equivalent of five periods a week for at least one half year to the study of 
invertebrate zoology ; and the greater part of this work must have been 
laboratory practice in the observation of living forms and in dissection. 
His laboratory notes and drawings endorsed by the teacher will be required 
at the time of the examination as evidence of the nature of this part of 
the work. This laboratory practice should include a study of at least 
thirteen of the forms named in the following list: amoeba, paramoecium, 
hydra, sea-anemone, star-fish, sea-urchin, earthworm, cray-fish, lobster, 
spider, millipede, centipede, locust (grasshopper), dragon-fly, squash-bug, 
butterfly, bumblebee, clam, snail, and squid. 
The laboratory work must be of the character given in Needham's- 
"Elementary Lessons in Zoology," Colton's "Practical Zoology," or other 
works similar to these in grade and method. In addition to the above 
books, the student should have access to some advanced work like Parker 
and Haswell's "Text-book of Zoology," for reference. 
The examination will call for a discussion of the habitat, mode of 
life, and post-embryonic development (transformations) as well as of the 
morphology of the forms studied. 
II. Vertebrate Zoology : To meet the requirement there should 
be submitted drawings and notes in evidence of the dissection of the 
viscera of forms representing groups as follows :-Mammals (cat, dog, 
monkey, rabbit, rat or opossum) ; Birds (common fowl, pigeon, or other 
convenient form) ; Reptile (serpent, and either a turtle or an alligator) ; 
Batrachian (salamander, toad or frog, and a tadpole) ; "Fishes" (stur- 
geon, amia or gar ; cat-fish, sucker, carp or other soft rayed fish ; bass, 
perch or other spiny rayed fish; shark or ray; lamprey or hag ; 
lancelet (amphioxus), and a simple tunicate, i. e., boltenia or molgula). 
Particular attention should be paid to the brain, the heart and the 
respiratory apparatus. The muscles of the arm and leg should be dis- 
sected upon a mammal, a bird, and a reptile, and the differences pointed 
out. There must be prepared a skeleton (which need not be mounted) of NE IV YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
19 
a mammal, bird or fish ; and skulls of at least five other vertebrates. 
(In preparing these skulls remember that the hyoid goes with the skull). 
The skulls, with proper labels, must be submitted at the examination. 
Two mammals should be compared in respect to their habits, food, 
mode of locomotion, etc.; likewise two birds, two reptiles, two batrach- 
ians, and two "fish." 
Besides the practical work above indicated, the student must gain 
from lectures or from text-books designed for high schools or colleges 
(e. g., Parker & Haswell's "Text-book of Zoology," 1897), a com- 
prehensive knowledge of the members of the classes or groups rep- 
resented by the forms studied as described above. This knowledge must 
include their geographical distribution, habits and relation to human be- 
ings, whether beneficial or injurious, directly or indirectly ; the relations 
of the young to the parent in respect to oviparity and viviparity and the 
exceptions to the general rules ; the form and structure of the red blood 
-corpuscles and the exceptions to the general rules. In case some point 
of information in your note-book is derived from a text-book or a 
•cyclopaedia, give an exact reference to the source of the information. 
Admission to Advanced Standing.-Applicants for admission to 
advanced standing as members of the 2d or 3d year class must present the 
necessary educational qualifications for admission to the first year class 
(see p. 8) and must pass a satisfactory examination in all the work 
gone over, or offer satisfactory certificates of the completion of such work 
in other veterinary schools whose entrance requirements and courses of 
study are equivalent to those of this college. No person will be admitted 
to any advanced class except at the beginning of the college year in 
September. 
Applicants for advanced standing from other veterinary colleges must 
send or present letters of honorable dismissal, and furnish the Director, 
Dr. James Law, with a catalog containing the courses of instruction in 
the institution from which they come with a duly certified statement of 
the studies pursued and their proficiency therein, and also a statement of 
the entrance requirements with the rank gained. To avoid delay these 
credentials should be forwarded at an early date in order that the status 
of applicants may be determined and information furnished concerning 
the class to which they are likely to be admitted. 
Graduates of veterinary colleges whose requirements for graduation 
are not equal to those of the New York State Veterinary College may be 
admitted provisionally upon such terms as the faculty may deem equita- 
ble in each case, regard being had to the applicant's previous course of 
study and attainments. In this connection, attention is called to the legal 
requirements of academic and professional education for the practice of 
Veterinary Medicine in the State of New York. (Seepp. 8, 41, and 
Appendix B). 20 
NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
Admission To Graduate Work.-The ample facilities for graduate 
work in the New York State Veterinary College, with allied departments 
in Cornell University, are open to graduates of this institution and of 
other Veterinary Colleges whose entrance requirements and undergradu- 
ate courses are equivalent. (See pp. 8, 20). 
RESIDENCE AND REGISTRATION. 
Residence in Ithaca is required of all students. For leave of absence 
during term time application should be made to the Director, Professor 
Law. 
Registration-At the beginning of each term (see calendar for exact 
day and date) the student must register with the University Registrar,. 
Room 9 A, Morrill Hall. After registering with the University Registrar, 
he must, on the same day, register with the Secretary of the Faculty, Dr. 
Fish, Room 11, 2d floor, of the Veterinary College. 
REQUIREMENTS FOR GRADUATION. 
In order to receive the degree of Doctor of Veterinary Medicine 
(D.V.M.) the candidate must satisfy all the entrance requirements (pp. 
8-9) and successfully pursue the courses named in the schedule of 
studies given below. 
The thesis required in the last year (see schedule) is designed to 
give the student opportunity to investigate some subject in which he has- 
become particularly interested, and to give him training in presenting 
the results of the investigation in proper literary form. 
A final examination upon all subjects pursued during the entire 
course will be given during the last week of the third term to all candi- 
dates for degrees. (In 1898-99 this examination will occur Tuesday and 
Wednesday, June 6, 7, 1898). 
SCHEDULE OF THE COURSES LEADING TO THE DEGREE 
OF DOCTOR OF VETERINARY MEDICINE.* 
First Year. ist Term. 2d Term. 3d Term. 
Inorganic Chemistry 
3. T. or Th., 12 , 3. T. or Th., 12 3. T. or Th., 12 
Anatomy 
2. T., Th., 9 2. T., Th., 9 2. T., Th., 9 
Dissection 
4. 4. 4. 
Microscopy and Histology 
2. M., W., 8 2. M., W., 8 - 
Laboratory 
3. 3. 
Embryology 
- - 3. M., W., F., 8 
Laboratory 
- - 2. 
Comparative Physiology 
1. F., 10 1. F., 10 1. F., 10 
Breeds and Breeding 
2. M., W., 12 2. M., W., 12 2. M., W., 12 NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
21 
Second Year. ist Term. 2d Term. 3d Term. 
Organic and Physiological Chemistry 
2. 2. 2. 
Anatomy 
1. W.,9 1. W.,9 1. W.,9 
Dissection 
4. 4. 4. 
Comparative Physiology 
1. W., 10 1. W., 10 - 
Laboratory 
2. - - 
Pharmacology 
1. M., 10 1. M., 10 1. M., 10 
Pharmacy 
- 2. -. 
Therapeutics 
- - 1. W., 10 
Medicine 
3. M.,W., F., 8 3. M , W., F., 8 3. M.,W.,F.,8 
Surgery 
5. M.,T.,W.,Th., F.,11- 3. M., W., F., 11 - 
Obstetrics • 
- 2. T., Th., 11 4. T„ W., Th., F., ii- 
Jurisprudence 
- I. M., II 
Sanitary Science or Parasitism 
2. T„ Th., 8 2. T., Th., 8 2. T., Th., 8 
Bacteriology 
I. M., 9 I. M., 9 I. M., 9 
Laboratory 
2. 2. 2. 
Clinics, medicine and surgery 
3. 3. 3. 
Third Year. ist Term. 2d Term. 3d Term. 
Medicine 
3. M., W., F., 8 3. M., W., F., 8 3. M., W., F., 8 
Clinics, medicine and surgery 
6, 6. 6. 
Surgery 
5. M., T.,W., Th.. F., ii- 3. M., W., F., 11 5. M., T., W., Th., F., 11 
Zootechnics 
- 2. -T„ Th., 11 - 
Toxicology 
- 2. - 
Parasitism or Sanitary Science 
2. T„ Th. 8 2. T., Th., 8 2. T., Th., 8 
Pathology 
2. T., Th., 9 1. T., 9 - 
Laboratory 
- 1. - 
Meat Inspection 
i.T.,9 
Laboratory 
' - 1. 
Research and Thesis 
3. 3. 3. 
*If the hours for lectures, etc., are not given in the schedule, the time will be 
arranged with the class. DEPARTMENTS, METHODS AND 
FACILITIES. 
In addition to the departments of the Veterinary College proper ; the 
resources of the entire University are practically at the disposal of the 
college by the action of the board of trustees at the time when authoriza- 
tion was given for its location on the campus of the Cornell University 
(p. 5, under foundation). Among the facilities of the university 
of especial value to the veterinary college may be mentioned the 
museums of Vertebrate and Invertebrate Zoology including Entomology, 
of Agriculture, of Botany and of Geology. The Magnificent University 
Library, with its 200,000 bound volumes, 34,000 pamphlets and 600 cur- 
rent periodicals and transactions, is likewise as freely open to veteri- 
nary college students as to other university students (see also Veter- 
inary Library, p. 37). 
The Departments, with their special equipment facilities and methods, 
are given in the order in which the subjects are pursued in the course. 
The Courses Required for Graduation are given in the schedule of 
studies, p 21, but the additional courses offered by the various depart- 
ments are thought to be of especial value to veterinary students and may 
be elected by them whenever they have satisfied the requirements. 
In all laboratory Courses and clinics two and one-half (2%) actual 
hours of laboratory practice are required for each hour of credit; e. g., 
for a three hour laboratory course, 7^ actual hours of laboratory work 
are required each week. 
CHEMISTRY. 
The instruction in chemistry is given in the university chemical 
building, Morse Hall (plate VII). This building is used solely for chem- 
istry and is fully equipped with modern apparatus and material. The 
laboratories furnish the most ample accommodation for practical work, 
and the lectures are fully illustrated by specimens, demonstrations and 
lantern views. The chemical library, in the building and accessible to 
students, contains complete sets of all important journals, and is very 
fully supplied with works of reference and standard books on chemistry 
and allied subjects. 
For a full account of the department with its 39 courses, one may 
consult the University Register or the special announcement of the 
chemical department (see 3d page of cover). NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
23 
COURSES. 
These are the courses pursued by veterinary students and must be 
taken in the order here indicated. 
i. Elementary, general inorganic chemistry. Three hours weekly 
throughout the year. This consists of one lecture (T. or Th. 12), one 
recitation and one hour of laboratory work. Professors Caedweee and 
Trevor and Instructor KortrighT. 
20. Organic chemistry. Fall term. Two hours. (Time to be ar- 
ranged with the class). Professor Orndorff. 
45. Physiological chemistry. Winter and spring terms. Two hours. 
(Time to be arranged with the class). Professor Orndorff. 
ANATOMY. 
The instruction in anatomy is by lectures, recitations and laboratory 
work, the latter being by far the most important. The objects of the 
lectures are to present facts of general morphology as related to the horse 
and other domestic animals ; to direct attention, as far as possible, to the 
correlation of structure and function of the various organs of the body 
and to emphasize the anatomical relations of those parts most subject to 
surgical operations. The main reliance, however, is placed upon the 
work done in the laboratory. Thorough practical knowledge of anatomy 
can be acquired in no other way, and every student will be required to 
dissect all the parts of the horse, or ox, and such other of the domestic 
animals as may prove most expedient, before taking his final examinations. 
The courses in anatomy extend through two years. The first year is 
devoted to the study of the bones, joints, muscles and certain of the vis- 
cera ; the second year, to the vascular and nervous systems and the 
organs of special sense. 
In the study of the osseous and muscular systems, the skeletons in 
the laboratory, and the Auzoux models afford valuable assistance. In 
the museum there are accumulating series of specimens which illustrate, 
in a typical manner, some of the more important anatomical features of 
the various domestic animals. 
The department of anatomy occupies the whole of the east wing-a 
structure 90 feet by 40 feet and one story in height (Plate I). The floors 
are of impermeable cement ; the walls are lined by enameled white 
brick and the ceilings covered with sheet steel. The main laboratory is 
54 feet by 40 and 22 feet in height. It is well lighted by skylights and 
by electricity. It is heated by steam and hot air. The ventilation is 
nearly perfect, fresh air being forced into the room by large fans situated 
in the basement. The entire volume of air in the laboratory can be 
changed every 5 minutes without creating any perceptible draft. This 
constant supply of abundance of pure air is an especially important 
feature in a dissecting room. The laboratory is supplied with mounted 
skeletons and other osteological material, a large refrigerator, set of' 24 
NEU/ YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
Fairbanks scales, weighing either kilograms or pounds, injecting and 
other laboratory apparatus. 
In addition to the general libraries of the University and of the college, 
(p. 37) there are upon the book shelves, in the laboratory, dictionaries, 
both English and medical, a complete set of the Reference Handbook of 
the Medical Sciences, standard text-books of anatomy, physiology, 
physics, etc., for the special use of the students in the laboratory, as 
books of reference. 
Connected with the main laboratory is a similar one, 22 feet by 22, 
which is used as a preparation room and as a private laboratory (Plate I). 
Opening into the laboratories is a locker room, containing lockers 
for the accommodation of 150 students, and off from this room are the 
lavatories, etc. (Plate I). 
The city and surrounding country furnish any quantity of anatom- 
ical material, and in almost endless variety ; horse, ox, sheep and swine, 
dog, cat, rabbit and guinea-pig, both adult and in all stages of fetal 
development. 
The facilities for the study of anatomy are limited only by lack of 
preparation and time, on the part of the student. 
After finishing the required work, students are encouraged to under- 
take some piece of original work, in either comparative or surgical 
anatomy. 
COURSES. 
Of the following courses, the two first are required of the veterinary 
students ; the others are general courses : 
1. General and descriptive veterinary anatomy. Fall, winter and 
spring. Six hours. Two lectures and laboratory work. T., Th., 9 Dr. 
Hopkins and demonstrators. 
2. Descriptive veterinary anatomy. Fall, winter and spring. Five 
hours. One lecture and laboratory work. W., 9. Dr. Hopkins and 
demonstrators. 
This course must be preceded by course 1. 
3. Anatomical methods and gross anatomy. Fall term. Three 
hours. One lecture and laboratory work. S. 12. Dr. Hopkins. 
4. Advanced anatomy. Winter term. Three hours. One lecture 
and laboratory work. S., 12. Dr. Hopkins. 
Course 4 must be preceded by course 3 or its equivalent. 
5. Human anatomy. Laboratory work throughout the year. Di. 
Hopkins. 
This course is open to those who have had one or more of the preceding 
courses. 
6. Research and thesis. Three hours throughout the year. Dr. 
Hopkins. NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
25 
COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY. 
It is the aim of this department to select from a wide field of inter- 
esting topics, those which will be of greatest use to the student, in 
preparation for a more complete understanding of normal functions, as 
distinguished from the pathological changes so frequently encountered 
in the practice of human and veterinary medicine. 
The fact that it is essential to know the natural before undertaking 
the diagnosis of unnatural conditions is thoroughly emphasized. 
The lectures are supplemented as fully as possible by diagrams, pre- 
parations and experiments. 
In additon to the didactic instruction a course in the laboratory is 
provided, which is intended to supplement and extend the lecture courses. 
The laboratory of comparative physiology is located, for the present, 
upon the second floor of the main building (Plate II). It is well lighted 
and equipped with necessary reagents and apparatus, additions to which 
are made as needed. Students are rendered every assistance in the com- 
prehension of the fundamental parts of their work without, however, 
losing sight of the fact that careful observation and self-interpretation 
are most essential for a proper scientific training. Every encouragement 
is offered, to those properly fitted, to pursue their work beyond that 
given in the regular course. As a part of the equipment may be men- 
tioned a kymograph, sphygmograph, induction coil and various bat- 
teries, a centrifuge and other apparatus for urinalysis. 
To those intending to be teachers, as well as those contemplating the 
study of human or veterinary medicine, the course will be especially 
useful as it deals with experiments on the functional changes going on 
in the human and animal body, the exposition of which, is none the 
less important because, in many cases, of an elementary nature. 
COURSES. 
i. Required of the first year veterinary students, and treats of the 
digestive functions, circulation, respiration, and excretion. The work 
given in this course precedes quite logically that of Pharmacology and 
Therapeutics. Lectures, one hour each week through the year. F., io. 
Dr. Fish. 
2. The functions of the muscular and nervous systems and repro- 
duction are considered in this course, which is a direct continuation of 
course one. Lectures one hour each week through the fall and winter 
terms. W., io. Dr. Fish. 
3. Practical work in the laboratory. A large proportion of the work 
is devoted to the digestive system. Artificial digestive juices are tested 
upon the various kinds of foods by the student and careful notes kept of 
the various processes. Those who can devote more than the required 
time are taught how to make the various digestive extracts. A course in 
urinalysis is also required in order that students may familiarize them- 26 
NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
selves with some of the more common but important changes occurring 
during health and disease. Experiments in blood pressure and upon 
the muscular and nervous systems will be carried on as time and oppor- 
tunity permit. Ball term. Two hours. M., 2-5, W., 2-4. Dr. Fish. 
4. Research and Thesis. Three hours throughout the year. Dr. 
Fish. 
MICROSCOPY, HISTOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY. 
As indicated by the following courses, this department offers ele- 
mentary and advanced instruction in the theory and use of the micro- 
scope and its accessories, in photo micrography, in vertebrate histology, 
and vertebrate embryology ; and opportunities for research in all of 
these subjects. 
The rooms for the use of this department are on the third floor, and 
as shown by the plan (Plates III, V),they are ample and almost per- 
fectly lighted. They consist of a large general laboratory, a research 
laboratory and the private laboratory of the professor in charge where 
special demonstrations of difficult subjects are given to small groups of 
students. 
The material equipment consists of a good supply of modern micro- 
scopes each one of which is fitted with a low and medium power dry 
objective and a 2 mm. homogeneous immersion objective. Camera 
lucidas, polariscopes, micro-spectroscopes, photo-micrographic cameras, 
and other special apparatus are in sufficient numbers to give each student 
opportunity for personally learning to use them, and for applying them 
to any special study in which they are called for. The general and 
research laboratories are large, and are equipped with microtomes, incu- 
bators, aquariums, etc. The collection of histologic and embryologic 
specimens is extensive and constantly increasing. Full sets of typical 
specimens are available for study and comparison by the students. 
The aim of the department is to bring the student into direct con- 
tact with the truths of nature, and hence, while there are lectures to 
give broad and general views, there is a large amount of laboratory work 
in which the facts are learned at first hand, and the methods and manip- 
ulations necessary for acquiring the facts are practiced by each student. 
It is recognized that less ground can be covered in a given time in this 
way, but it is believed, and experience has confirmed the belief, that the 
intellectual independence and the power to acquire knowledge direct 
from nature which is gained by this personal work, is of far higher value 
than the facts and theories that might be learned in the same time from 
books and lectures alone, or from specimens prepared by some other 
individual. 
This lake region with its rich and varied fauna is especially favorable 
for investigations in the histology and embryology of all the main groups 
of vertebrates and the proximity of the abattoirs in the city makes it 
possible to obtain abundant material for the study of the development of NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
27 
the sheep, cow and pig. The college clinic and the department of anatomy- 
supply an abundance of material for the embryology of the cat and dog 
so that the opportunities for research upon the development of the • 
domestic animals are excellent. Every encouragement is given for the 
fullest utilization of these opportunities by students in the preparation of 
theses and for special investigations. 
COURSES. 
i. The Microscope and Microscopical Methods. First half of fall term. 
Two hours. Two lectures and three hours of laboratory work. This course 
forms the basis for all the subsequent work given by the department. It 
is also designed to give a knowledge of the theory and use of the micro- 
scope and its accessories which would be advantageous for the work of 
any department where the microscope is employed. M., W., 8. Pro- 
fessor Gage and Instructor Kingsbury. 
This course counts for two hours for the term, although the work 
must all be done in the first five weeks. 
2. Vetebrate Histology. Last half of fall term (3 hours) and the 
winter term (5 hours). Eight hours. Two lectures and three hours 
laboratory work. In this course are given the elements of the fine anat- 
omy of the domestic animals and of man. It includes also methods of 
histological investigation and demonstration. M., W., 8. Professor Gage 
and Instructor Kingsbury. 
This is a continuation of course 1 and is open only to those who 
have taken course 1, and have taken or are taking courses in anatomy 
and physiology. 
3. Vertebrate Embryology. Spring term. P'ive hours. Three 
lectures and two hours of laboratory work. This course deals with the 
elements and methods of embryology in man, the domestic animals and 
the amphibia. M., W., F., 8. Professor Gage and Instructor Kingsbury. 
Course 3 is open only to those who have pursued courses 1 and 2. 
(The lectures alone may be attended by those who have taken courses 1 
and 2 in Physiology and Vertebrate Zoology). 
4. Research in Histology and Embryology. Laboratory work with 
Seminary throughout the year. This course is designed for those pre- 
paring theses for the baccalaureate or advanced degrees and for those 
wishing to undertake special investigations in histology and embryology. 
Professor Gage and Instructor Kingsbury. 
Course 4 is open only to those who have taken courses 1, 2 and 3, or 
their equivalent in some other University. Drawing (course 9, in 
Mechanical Engineering, or its equivalent) and a reading knowledge of 
French and German are indispensable for the most successful work in 
this course. 
Subjects for baccalaureate theses should be decided upon if possible 
during the spring term of the junior year so that material in suitable 
stages of development and physiologic activity may be prepared. 28 
NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
5. Structure and Physiology of the Cell. Spring term. Two hours. 
Laboratory work with lectures. This course is designed for advanced 
students who wish to investigate cytologic problems. Dr. Kingsbury. 
6. Advanced Microscopy. Spring Term. Two hours. Laboratory 
work with lectures. In this course special instruction will be given in 
the theory and use of the more difficult and important accessories of the 
microscope, e. g., the micro-spectroscope, the micro-polariscope, the 
apertometer, the photo-micrographic camera and the projection micro- 
scope. Professor Gage. 
This course is open only to those who have taken course i, and if 
photo-micrography is desired, an elementary knowledge of photography 
like that given in course 9, Department of Physics, is ncecessary. 
7. Seminary. There will be a meeting of the department staff and 
students engaged in research, once in two weeks, for conference and 
report upon special investigations. (See Veterinary College Seminary, 
P- 38). 
Note -For the work of this department, the student will find a 
knowledge of Latin and Greek of the greatest advantage. A year's study 
of Latin, three to five recitations per week, and of Greek, Goodell's- 
Greek in English, or Coy's Greek for beginners, would represent the 
minimum amount needed. For all courses, the ability to draw well free 
hand, and a good reading knowledge of French and German are desira- 
ble, and for research work almost indispensable. 
THE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE-BREEDS AND BREEDING. 
The College of Agriculture comprises the Departments of General 
Agriculture ; Animal Industry and Dairy Husbandry (Plate VIII.); Hor- 
ticulture and Pomology ; Agricultural Chemistry ; General and Economic 
Entomology and the Agricultural Experiment Station. 
The University grounds consist of 270 acres of land, bounded on the 
north and south by Fall Creek Ravine and Cascadilla gorge respectively. 
One hundred and twenty-five acres of the arable land are devoted to the 
use of the Agricultural Department. This part of the domain is man- 
aged with a view not only to profit, but also to illustrate the best methods 
of general agriculture. A four years' rotation is practiced on the princi- 
pal fields ; one year of clover, one of corn, one of oats or barley, and one 
of wheat. A dairy of twenty cows, a flock of sheep, some fifteen horses 
and colts, and other livestock are kept upon the farm. Nearly all of 
these animals are grades, bred and reared with the single view of giving 
object lessons which can be practiced with profit by the students on their 
return to their homes. A four story barn provides for housing all the 
animals, machinery, tools, hay, grain, and manures. The stationary 
thresher, feed-cutter, chaffer, and other machinery are driven by steam 
power. The barn also furnishes many facilities for carrying on investi- 
gations in feeding and rearing all classes of domestic animals. NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
29 
The barn is also furnished with a well equipped piggery and tool 
house. Not far from the main barn have been constructed four buildings 
with suitable yards and appliances for incubating and rearing domestic 
fowls. 
The agricultural class room is provided with a collection of grains 
and grasses, implements of horse and hand culture, and various appli- 
ances for carrying on instruction and conducting investigations. The 
w'hole plant is managed with a view to the greatest economy consistent 
with the greatest efficiency in imparting instruction. 
COURSES. 
The courses in the college attended by veterinary students are given 
by the department of Agriculture proper and are as follows : 
3 (in part). The horse, breeds and breeding, feeding, education, 
care and driving. Fall term. Two hours. M. W. 12. Professor 
Roberts. 
10. Animal Industry. Principles of breeding, history and develop- 
ment, improvement and creation of dairy and beef breeds of cattle 
(Plate VIII); principles of feeding, care, selection and management of 
dairy and beef cattle. Winter and spring terms. Two hours. Practice, 
one hour by appointment, for those electing it. M. W. 12. Assistant 
Professor WlNG. 
PHARMACOLOGY. 
(Plate II.) 
The term is employed in its comprehensive meaning to include not 
only the materials of medicine, but their preparation, use and physiolog- 
ical action. Allowing for certain exceptional differences, there is, in 
general, a great resemblance in the action of drugs in the lower animals 
and human beings. The efficiency of new drugs is commonly tested 
upon the lower forms before being applied to man. For a broad and 
enlightened human practice a medical course dealing with the treatment 
of lower animals offers a most advantageous preparation. 
The more important drugs and preparations as given in the U. S. 
Pharmacopoeia are studied, including the new ones wffiich appear from 
time to time. 
The clinics furnish abundant material for the use of medicines and 
the study of their actions. 
The physiological changes in certain tissues resulting from the toxic 
doses of many drugs are as yet unknown, and opportunities for research 
are abundant in this field. 
COURSES. 
1. The Materials of Medicine. A study of the uses and actions of 
the various drugs and their preparation. A varied collection of the crude 
drugs is available and examined at the recitations. The course is con- 30 
NE IV YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
ducted in the form of lectures and frequent examinations. One hour each 
week throughout the year. M., io. Dr. Fish. 
2. Pharmacy. Each student is required to make those preparations- 
which are most commonly used in practice ; tinctures, fluid extracts, 
balls, powders, ointments, etc. In addition to this each student will 
have practical experience in writing and compounding prescriptions. 
The importance of a discriminating and accurate system for dispensing 
medicines is kept well in mind. Two hours per week. Winter term.. 
M., 2-5, W., 2-4. Dr. Fish. 
3. Therapeutics. The treatment and cure of disease. This subject, 
standing along with pathology, unites physiology, anatomy, chemistry, 
and botany with medicine and surgery. It is therefore desirable to have 
some knowledge of these branches in order to obtain a full appreciation 
of the means employed in the restoration of health. Lectures one hour 
each week. Spring term. W., 10. Dr. Fish. 
This course must be preceded by the first year course in physiology, 
or its equivalent. 
4. Research and Thesis. Three hours throughout the year. Dr. 
Fish. 
VETERINARY MEDICINE ; ZYMOTIC DISEASES, VETERINARY 
SANITARY SCIENCE ; PARASITES AND PARASITISM. 
The course in Veterinary Medicine deals with the purely medical 
diseases of the different genera of domestic animals,-including the 
various constitutional, dietetic and toxic affections and the maladies of 
the different systems of organs-digestive, respiratory, circulatory,urinary, 
cutaneous, nervous and visual. The lectures and recitations extend over 
the two last years of undergraduate study. They are illustrated by dia- 
grams, by dry and wet museum specimens and by subjects presented in 
the clinics. The special value of the course lies in its wide scope which 
includes equally all species, the aim being not to make students hippo- 
pathologists only, but zodpathologists or more definitely veterinary path- 
ologists. The site of the College between the city of Ithaca and a well 
stocked agricultural environment is well calculated to carryout this aim. 
In course 2 is treated the general subject of zymosis and contagion 
the microbiology of diseases ; the accessory causes such as special condi- 
tions of soil, culture, climate, season, weather, trade, migration, war, 
consumption of animal food, etc.; the diagnosis of the different plagues, 
the various methods of control and suppression by the individual owner, 
the municipality, town, county, state, or nation ; and the exclusion of 
pestilences from a country. Each zymotic disease is made a special study, 
and its transmissibility to different genera of animals, from animals to 
man, and from man to animals together with the susceptibitity of each 
genus to immunization and the best known means of securing this receive 
due attention. Enzootic affections receive the same attention, and the 
necessary preventive measures in connection with soils, drainage, build- NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
31 
ings, exposures, wells, ponds, marshes, factories and other local causes 
are fully dealt with. Illustrative diagrams, preserved specimens and, when 
■opportunity offers, fresh subjects and specimens are employed for 
demonstration. 
In the course on parasites and parasitism, the zoological place of the 
parasite in nature, its life history in connection with the animal body and 
apart from it, the lesions and symptoms caused, the genera susceptible, 
and its diagnosis, destruction and prevention are fully considered. An 
extensive collection of the parasites of domestic animals is available for 
demonstration, and where these are lacking, diagrams and illustrations 
will be used. 
The medical clinic covering this whole field, and drawn from city and 
country alike, furnishes the greatest possible variety as regards genus and 
species of patient, while the hospital and isolation wards furnish a supply 
of cases that can be watched from day to day. Individual cases are 
placed in charge of senior students who keep a record of symptoms and 
treatment. This record is open to the entire class so that all can profit 
equally by every case. Outpatients on the University farm and in the 
•city can also be availed of for clinical uses. 
COURSES. 
i. Veterinary Medicine : Principles and Practice. Fall, winter and 
spring. Three hours. M., W., F., 8. Professor Faw. 
This course extends over two years. 
2. Contagious Diseases ; Veterinary Sanitary Science. Fall, winter 
and spring. Two hours. T., Th., 8. Professor Daw. 
[This course will be given to second and third year men in 1898-99. 
See the following]: 
3. Parasites and Parasitic Diseases. Fall, winter and spring. Two 
hours. T., Th., 8. Professor Daw. 
[This course will be given to second and third year men in 1899-1900. 
See the preceding]. 
4. Clinical Veterinary Medicine ; second year men. Fall, winter 
and spring. Three hours. Professor Daw. 
5. Clinical Veterinary Medicine ; third year men. Fall, winter and 
spring. Six hours. Professor Daw. 
6. Research and Thesis. Three hours throughout the year. Professor 
Daw. 
SURGERY, OBSTETRICS, ZOOTECHNICS AND 
JURISPRUDENCE. 
SURGERY. 
The instruction in Surgery is designed to equip the student with 
both theoretical and practical knowledge thorough in every respect. 
The class room work extends through the second and third years 
and consists of lectures, or of recitations supplemented by lectures. 32 
NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
One term of fourteen weeks, five hours per week is given to General 
Surgery, including general surgical pathology, the infection Of wounds, 
surgical therapeutics, aseptic and anti-septic treatment of wounds, the 
handling and restraint of animals. 
Special Surgery extends over the remainder of the course, consider- 
ing in detail the surgical disease of the various parts of the body, their 
causes, nature, diagnosis and treatment, to which is added an extended 
course in castration and spaying. The facilities for the instruction are 
in keeping with the general aim and scope of the college. 
Abundant instruments and apparatus of both home and foreign pat- 
terns are provided for illustrating the lectures; while the college 
museum contains abundant material which is freely used for exemplify- 
ing surgical pathology. 
The college becomes the possessor of the extensive pathological col- 
lection of the'veterinary department of Cornell University, accumulated 
during nearly thirty years, to which have been added many valuable 
preparations contributed by veterinarians, and secured from the college 
clinics. 
The course in practical surgery extending through the second and 
third years is given in the college clinics. 
The location of Cornell University and the organization of the Vet- 
erinary College gives unusual opportunities for clinical instruction in the 
number and character of cases, the variety of species of animals and the 
availability of each case for purposes of instruction. 
As each member of the veterinary faculty is exclusively employed 
by the college and is in no degree dependent upon private practice, 
all reasonable effort is exercised to lead owners of livestock to enter 
cases in the free clinics instead of diverting special cases to private 
practice. 
The college clinics being wholly free, regardless of the value of the 
animal, the severity of the proposed operation or the owner's ability or 
willingness to pay, obviates the usual disadvantages of free clinics where 
largely inferior animals the property of poor and frequently careless 
people are presented in a state of health and with general surroundings 
not propitious for testing the value of a line of treatment or of following 
it to a successful issue, failing consequently to impart the desired knowl- 
edge, interest or enthusiasm to the student ; while in our free clinics-the 
student has to deal with animals of the same general character and value 
as those met with in ordinary veterinary practice. 
The thickly inhabited agricultural country about Ithaca furnishes an 
abundance of clinical material of all classes of disease not alone of horses 
and dogs but of every species of domesticated animals. 
Numerous cases, especially those for major surgical operations, are 
drawn from a radius of twenty-five miles thus placing a large and im- 
portant stock-producing area tributary to our clinics. NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
33 
All patients are admitted subject to our discretion as to whether an 
operation shall be performed by a member of the staff or by a student, 
the general plan being for the professor in charge to perform a sufficient 
number of operations to illustrate methods in a given case, after which 
they are performed by students in turn, under immediate supervision, 
aiming in this way to thoroughly fit men to perform any desired opera- 
tion supported by that skill and confidence which actual work alone can 
give. 
Practical Surgery is required of all second and third year students, 
the course extending through both years. 
The second year student devotes three hours per week to clinics 
throughout the year, during which period he is required to keep in order 
and sterilize operating instruments, apply dressings to wounds, prepare 
and apply plaster of Paris and other fixation bandages to various parts, 
and to perform such surgical operations as opening abscesses, excising 
simple tumors and controlling the consequent hemorrhage, castration 
and spaying of dogs and cats, castration of normal horses, rasping, cut- 
ting and extracting irregular teeth and other operations of a similar 
grade. 
The third year student devotes six hours a week throughout the year 
to clinics, repeats and perfects himself in the operations of the second 
year, makes examinations and diagnoses, administers chloroform to the 
larger animals and personally performs the major surgical operations, 
such as the removal of extensive tumors, the more difficult cases of dental 
surgery, ovariotomy in mares and cows, arytenectomy, tenotomy and 
other operations of a similar class. This work is carefully graded and 
the student advanced as rapidly from the simpler to the more difficult 
operations as is consistent. While the cadaver is used as needed for 
demonstrating surgical anatomy and procedure it is the policy of the 
department to require the student to perform the operations upon living 
animals of commercial value and for curative purposes. 
Each student must acquire practical and experimental knowledge of 
surgery parallel to his theoretical training in the class room and is 
required to demonstrate his ability in the operating theatre. 
All patients upon which important operations are performed are 
detained in the surgical ward until the crisis of the operation has been 
passed, and the student operating is required to follow his work and is 
held personally responsible for the proper after treatment of his patient. 
All needed instruments and appliances for instruction in practical 
surgery are provided, while the surgical ward and operating room else- 
where described are commodious and perfect in every appointment. The 
most modern appliances for securing and controlling animals such as 
operating tables, stocks and casting apparatus are fully provided 
(Plate VI). 
Special investigations in relation to surgical diagnosis, pathology 
and treatment are constantly being carried on, the material for such 34 
NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
work being abundant. Special apparatus for investigations is supplied 
as needed, and advanced students are called upon to actively assist in 
the various investigations, becoming not only more familiar with surgi- 
cal manipulations but inspired to study methodically and effectively the 
many questions in surgical pathology and therapeutics, and thus become 
better prepared to cope promptly and properly with the many atypical 
cases constantly occurring in general practice. 
OBSTETRICS. 
A thorough course of obstetrics is given during the second year, 
consisting chiefly of lectures including two hours per week during the 
winter term and four hours per week in the spring term. 
The course is preceded by an extended study of embryology during 
the first year which serves as a foundation for the proper consideration of 
the subject. Obstetric anatomy and physiology have also been in a 
measure mastered during the first year in the departments of anatomy 
and physiology ; all three are then reviewed with special reference to 
obstetrics, teratology, and diseases of new-born animals. 
The lectures are based in arrangement on Fleming's obstetrics sup- 
plemented by personal experience. Models and valuable museum prepa- 
rations are used for illustration. While our location permits of the 
securing of much valuable clinical material, such obstetric cases as can 
not be brought to the college clinic are attended at the owner's premises 
by the class, under the personal direction of the professor in charge ; 
the students are in this way brought into actual contact with a class of 
cases the proper handling of which can not otherwise be effectively 
taught. 
ZOOTECHNICS. 
The subject of Zootechnics is chiefly taught in the College of Agri- 
culture of Cornell University, covering the various breeds of domestic 
animals, the methods of breeding and handling. 
Supplementary to this instruction a course of lectures covering one 
term two hours a week will be given dealing especially with the breed- 
ing, care and management of animals in relation to disease, hereditary 
diseases and vices and a general resume of the subject of breeding as re- 
lated to veterinary science. 
JURISPRUDENCE. 
A course of two lectures a week is given during the winter term of 
the second year, dealing with the general responsibilities of veterinarians 
to the public, to stock owners and professional colleagues ; methods of 
making and recording examinations for soundness, and a special study of 
physical diagnosis and prognosis as related to this subject. 
Practice is given from time to time in the work at the clinics. NE IT YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
35 
COURSES. 
Students are not admitted to the third year in Surgery unless they 
have completed courses i and 2 in physiology, anatomy and histology. 
1. General Veterinary Surgery. Fall term. Five hours. M., T., 
W., Th., F., 11. Professor Williams. 
Course 1 is open only to those who have completed courses 1 and 2 
in histology and course 1 in physiology. 
2. Special Surgery (head and neck). Winter. Three hours. M., 
W., F., 11. Professor Williams. 
Course 2 is open only to those students who have completed course 1 
in anatomy, physiology and histology. 
3. Veterinary Obstetrics. Winter. Two hours. T., Th., n. Pro- 
fessor Williams. 
Courses 3 and 4 must be preceded by course 3 in embryology. 
4. Veterinary Obstetrics. .Spring. Four hours. T., W., Th., F., 
11. Professor Williams. 
5. Veterinary Jurisprudence. Spring. One hour. M., 11. Pro- 
fessor Williams. 
[Coursed 1-5 will be given to second and third year men in 1898-99. 
See under Course 11. ] 
6. Clinical Veterinary Surgery ; second year men. Fall, winter and 
spring. Three hours. Professor Williams. 
7. Clinical Veterinary Surgery ; third year men. Fall, winter and 
spring. Six hours. Professor Williams. 
8. Special Surgery (chest, abdomen and anterior limbs). Fall. 
Five hours. M., T., W., Th., F., 11. Professor Williams. 
9. Special Surgery (posterior limbs, skin). Winter. M.,W.,F., 
11. Three hours. Professor Williams. 
10. Zootechnics. Winter. Two hours. T., Th., 11. Professor 
Williams. 
11. Special Surgery (genito-urinary organs, castration). Spring: 
Five hours. M., T., W., Th., F., 11. Professor Williams. 
[Courses 8-11 will be given to second and third year men in 1899- 
1900. See under Course 5]. 
12. Research and Thesis. Three hours throughout the year. Pro- 
fessor Williams. 
COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY, BACTERIOLOGY AND 
MEAT INSPECTION. 
The instruction in pathology and bacteriology is given by means of 
lectures, recitations and laboratory work. In general pathology the 
students are drilled in the definitions and in the nature of the morbid 
changes included in this subject. In general pathology Ziegler's text book 
is followed but supplemented by the results of more recent investi- 
gations as they are found in current literature and special monographs, 36 
NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
Pathological histology will receive special attention. In this work the 
students will be taught, by actual laboratory work, the methods of pre- 
paring permanent preparations and of examining diseased tissues in 
the fresh condition. They will have the privilege of studying blood 
and of counting the red and white corpuscles. For this highly important 
work the laboratory is especially well equipped. For the general arrange- 
ment of the laboratory see Plates III and IV. 
The fall term in bacteriology is devoted to methods. The laboratories 
are well supplied with the best modern apparatus. The students will, 
under proper supervision, prepare culture media, make various cultures 
and study the morphology of bacteria in both the fresh (living) condi- 
tion and in stained cover-glass preparations. In fact, all of the technique 
necessary for a practical working knowledge in bacteriology will be care- 
fully covered. In the winter the more important species of pathogenic 
and economic bacteria will be studied. The special methods for the bac- 
teriological analysis of milk and water, and those which are necessary 
for investigating diseases, such as tubercidosis, anthrax, glanders and 
the infectious swine and poultry disorders will receive careful attention. 
In the spring term each student will have an opportunity of carrying out 
independently some investigation, thus applying bacteriological methods 
in a practical manner. The lectures in the spring term will deal with 
applied bacteriology. In this course will be considered disinfection, 
sterilization, the means by which pathogenic bacteria are disseminated 
protective inoculation, serum therapy in animal diseases, and other 
kindred subjects. 
For those who wish to do advanced work in either of these subjects 
excellent facilities are afforded by way of a separate room and apparatus. 
As we are constantly investigating outbreaks of infectious diseases, 
among animals in the state, an abundance of working material is 
assured. This enables the student to come into touch with actual work 
in bacteriological diagnosis. 
As is seen from the above, it is the aim of this department to drill 
the students by means of actual work in the technique necessary for 
them to successfully apply in their future professional duties the knowl- 
edge acquired in the study of pathology and bacteriology. To this end 
the courses of instruction have been carefully arranged, and for this 
purpose the laboratories have been equipped. 
COURSES. 
i. General pathology. Fall term. This course is open to students 
who have had Normal Histology and at least one year's work in Anat- 
omy and Physiology. Lectures and recitations. Two hours. T., Th., 9. 
Professor Moore. 
2. Pathology of infectious diseases. Winter term. This course is 
open to students who have taken Course 1 and haye taken or are taking NE W YORK ST A TE VE TERIN AR Y COLLEGE 
37 
Course 4. Lectures and laboratory work. Two hours. T., 9. Professor 
Moore and Instructor Reed. 
3. Meat Inspection. Spring term. This course is open to students 
who have taken Courses 1 and 2. Lectures and laboratory work. Two 
hours. T., 9. Professor Moore and Instructor Reed. 
4. Bacteriology. Lectures and laboratory work. Three hours per 
week throughout the year. M., 9. Professor Moore and Instructor 
REED. 
5. Research in Pathology and Bacteriology. Laboratory work with 
lectures throughout the year. Professor Moore and Instructor Reed. 
The course is designed for those preparing theses for the baccalaureate 
or advanced degrees and for those wishing to undertake original investi- 
gation in Pathology and Bacteriology. This course is open to students 
who have taken Courses 1 and 2 if the work is in Pathology or course 4 
if in Bacteriology, or their equivalent in some other university. Ele- 
mentary chemistry and a reading knowledge of French and German 
are indispensable for successful work in this course. 
GRADUATE AND RESEARCH WORK. 
The opportunities for study and investigation offered to advanced and 
graduate students in the college and in the various departments of Cornell 
University are very great. The situation of the college gives it a great 
variety as well as an abundance of material for research, and the facili- 
ties for prosecuting the work are ample. Each student, as a part of his 
last year's work, must write a thesis giving the results of a personal 
investigation upon some subject in veterinary medicine. See under 
requirements for graduation, p. 20). To students preparing theses and to 
graduate students every opportunity and encouragement will be offered for 
carrying on independent investigations. (For the special courses offering 
thesis and research work see under the various departments pp 22-37). 
THE VETERINARY LIBRARY AND OTHER LIBRARY 
FACILITIES. 
The Flower Veterinary Library.-By a gift of five thousand 
dollars ($5,000) to Cornell University for the purpose, the Honorable 
Boswell P. Flower laid a broad foundation for athoroughly good working, 
veterinary library. The books and periodicals obtained with this fund 
have been considerably increased by donations from various persons and 
by books obtained from the income of the college ; the Veterinary 
Library is also largely supplemented by the University Library, and by 
loans of books and periodicals therefrom. 
The Periodical Room (Pl. II) at the college is open daily from 7 a. m. 
till 6 p. M., and contains the leading veterinary and medical periodicals 
in English, French and German. In it are also found Foster's Encyclo- 
paedic Medical Dictionary and the Index Catalog of the Medical Library 
of the Surgeon General's Office. 38 
NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
The Veterinary Library Room (Pl. II) is open for free consultation, 
and contains most of the books and bound periodicals belonging to the 
library or loaned to it from the University Library. Books bearing espe- 
cially upon the work of any laboratory course, are kept upon the book 
shelves of the laboratory where they are constantly accessible. 
The books and bound periodicals and transactions in the University 
Library (Pl. IX) upon veterinary and human medicine, with allied sci- 
ences, exceed ten thousand (10,000) volumes ; and over 600 periodicals 
and transactions are received. Many of them pertain directly to medi- 
cine and biology. To all the University library facilities the veterinary 
students have free access in the library reading room, which is open 
daily from 8 A. M. to n p. m. 
SEMINARY. 
The Veterinary College Seminary, which meets every two weeks, 
has for its membership: (1) All members of the instructing body ; (2) 
All students preparing theses in the college ; (3) All students doing 
graduate and research work. 
The purpose of the Seminary is : (a) To discuss the methods for 
advanced and independent work, that is such work as is expected of those 
preparing theses or prosecuting any special investigation ; (b) The pre- 
sentation of the results of investigations and the progress of knowledge 
in the various departments ; (c) Reports by students of the progress of 
their work. 
Naturally the members of the faculty take a leading part in (a and b) 
but as soon as the advanced work of students is well begun, the students 
present before the Seminary the results of their work. 
At each meeting, after the report, the subject is open to all the mem- 
bers of the Seminary for questions and discussion. From the experience 
of the last two years it is believed that the Seminary is one of the most 
important parts of the college curriculum for preparing students for the 
duties and responsibilities of an honorable professional career. 
SOCIETY OF COMPARATIVE MEDICINE. 
This is a student society organized for the purpose of giving mutual 
aid in gaining general and special medical knowledge, facility in con- 
ducting the exercises of the meetings and in presenting papers and dis- 
cussions in a clear and forcible manner before an audience. 
TUITION AND LABORATORY FEES. 
In the words of the law for the administration of the New York 
State Veterinary College : "No tuition fee shall be required of a student 
pursuing the regular veterinary course, who, for a year or more immedi- 
ately preceding his admission to said veterinary college shall have been 
a resident of this state. ' ' NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
39 
For students, not residents of New York State, the tuition is $100 
per annum, $40 to be paid at the beginning of the fall, $35 at the begin- 
ning of the winter and $25 at the beginning of the spring term. 
Laboratory fees.-Every person taking laboratory work is required to 
pay for the material actually used. This will average approximately $25 
per year. 
At the end of the course a fee of $5.00 is required of each student 
receiving a degree. 
Living expenses in Ithaca vary from $3.50 to $10 per week. Books, 
instruments, stationery, etc., cost $10 and upward per year. 
THE HORACE K. WHITE PRIZES. 
These prizes, established by Horace K. White, Esq., of Syracuse, 
are awarded annually to the most meritorious students in the graduating 
class of the college. One prize of $15 to the first in merit ; to the second 
in merit, a prize of $10. 
POSITIONS AS DEMONSTRATORS. 
At present one or more demonstrators in Anatomy are appointed 
each year at a salary of $125.00. These positions are open to members of 
of the graduating class and to graduates of this college who have shown 
special proficiency in anatomy. 40 
NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
APPENDIX A. 
OPENINGS FOR VETERINARIANS IN AMERICA. 
ist. In the United States Cavalry and Artillery there is a demand 
for a limited number of veterinarians. 
2nd. In the Bureau of Animal Industry, U. S. Department of Agri- 
culture, a number of veterinarians are employed professionally, as live- 
stock agents and inspectors ; inspectors and superintendents of quarantine 
stations ; investigators in bacteriology and pathology, and as meat 
inspectors. (By an act of Congress the federal meat inspectors must be 
graduates of a veterinary college). 
3rd. In the different States there are appointments as State Veteri- 
narians, and in some as County or District Veterinarians, to attend to 
preventable diseases of animals. 
4th. The time is not far distant when each municipality must have 
its veterinary inspectors of markets, abattoirs and butcher meat, as well 
as of milk and other dairy products. 
5th. Accomplished veterinary pathologists are needed in all the 
States to serve on tuberculosis and other commissions, so that work in 
this field may be conducted intelligently and successfully on scientific 
lines. Such.work on our herds can only be carried on by those specially 
trained in the anatomy, physiology, hygiene and pathology of the lower 
animals. 
6th. Educators in comparative pathology are wanted in Agricultural 
and Veterinary Colleges, and experiment stations, and must ere long be 
in demand for every Medical College which aims to keep abreast of the 
times. 
7th. There are always openings in the wide field of private veteri- 
nary practice. With a ratio of three farm animals to every human being, 
and with less than one veterinarian to every ten doctors of medicine for 
man, the balance of opportunity seems to be largely in favor of the 
veterinary practice, and this preponderance must steadily increase with 
the recovery of stock values and with the increase in numbers and 
individual value of farm animals. NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
41 
APPENDIX B 
Legal requirements for license to practice veterinary medicine and 
surgery in the State of New York. Extracts from article X, Ch. 860, 
laws of New York, 1895. 
g 171. "Qualifications for practice.-No person shall practice veter- 
inary medicine after July one, eighteen hundred and ninety-five, unless 
previously registered and legally authorized, unless licensed by the 
Regents and registered as required by this article ; nor shall any person 
practice veterinary medicine who has ever been convicted of felony by 
any court, or whose authority to practice is suspended or revoked by the 
Regents on recommendation of a State Board. 
? 176. Admission to examination.-'The Regents shall admit to- 
examination any candidate who pays a fee of ten dollars and submits 
satisfactory evidence, verified by oath if required, that he (first) is more 
than twenty-one years of age; (second) is of good, moral character; 
(third) has the general education required in all cases after July first, 
eighteen hundred and ninety-seven, preliminary to receiving a degree in 
veterinary medicine ; (fourth) has studied veterinary medicine not less 
than three full years, including three satisfactory courses, in three differ- 
ent academic years, in a veterinary medical school registered as main- 
taining at the time a satisfactory standard ; (fifth) has received a degree 
as veterinarian from some registered veterinary medical school. The 
degree in veterinary medicine shall not be conferred in this state before 
the candidate has filed with the institution conferring it, the certificate 
of the Regents that three years before the date of the degree, or before or 
during his first year of veterinary medical study in this State, he has 
either graduated from a registered college or satisfactorily completed an 
academic course in a registered academy or high school; or has a. 
preliminary education considered and accepted by the Regents as fully 
equivalent." [See pp. 8-19 for preliminary educational requirements]. 
g 178. Examinations and Reports.-Examination for license shall 
be given in at least four convenient places in this State and at least four 
times annually, in accordance with the Regents' rules, and shall be exclu- 
sively in writing and in English. Each examination shall be conducted 
by a Regent examiner, who shall not be one of the veterinary medical 
examiners. At the close of each examination, the Regents' examiner in 
charge shall deliver the questions and answer papers to the board, or to its 
duly authorized committee, and such board without unnecessary delay,shall 
examine and mark the answers and transmit to the Regents an official 
report, signed by its president and secretary, stating the standing of 
each candidate in each branch, his general average, and whether the 
board recommends that a license be granted. Such report shall include 
the questions and answers and shall be filed in the public records of the 
university. If a candidate fails on his first examination, he may, after not 42 
NEW YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
less than six months' further study, have a second examination without 
fee. If the failure is from illness or other cause satisfactory to the 
Regents, they may waive the required six months' study. 
| 179. Licenses.-On receiving from the State board an official report 
that an applicant has successfully passed the examination and is recom- 
mended for license, the Regents shall issue to him, if in their judgment 
he is duly qualified therefor, a license to practice veterinary medicine. 
Every license shall be issued by the university under seal and shall be 
signed by each acting veterinary medical examiner of the board and by 
the officer of the university who approved the credential which admitted 
the candidate to examination, and shall state that the licensee has given 
satisfactory evidence of fitness, as to age, character, preliminary and 
veterinary medical education and all other matters required by law, and 
that after full examination he has been found properly qualified to prac- 
tice Before any license is issued it shall be numbered and 
recorded in a book kept in the Regents' office and its number shall be 
noted in the license. This record shall be open to public inspection, and 
in all legal proceedings, shall have the same weight as evidence that 
is given to a record of conveyance of land. 
§ 180. Registry.-Every license to practice veterinary medicine 
shall, before the licensee begins practice thereunder, be registered in a 
book to be known as the "veterinary medical register,'' which shall be 
provided by and kept in the clerk's office of the county where such 
practice is to be carried on, with name, residence, place and date of 
birth, and source, number and date of its license to practice. Before 
registering, each licensee shall file, to be kept in a bound volume in the 
county clerk's office an affidavit of the above facts, and also that he is the 
person named in such license, and had, before receiving the same, com- 
plied with all requisites as to attendance, terms and amount of study and 
examination required by law and the rules of the university as prelim- 
inary to the conferment thereof, and no money was paid for such license 
except the regular fees, paid by all applicants therefor ; that no fraud, 
misrepresentation or mistake in any material regard was employed by 
anyone or incurred in order that such license should be conferred. 
Every license, or if lost, a copy thereof, legally certified so as to be 
admissable as evidence, or a duly attested transcript of the record of its 
conferment, shall before registering, be exhibited to the county clerk, 
who only in case it was issued or indorsed as a license under seal by the 
Regents, shall indorse or stamp on it the date and his name preceded by 
the words : "Registered as authority to practice veterinary medicine, in 
the clerk's office of county." The clerk shall thereupon give to 
every veterinarian so registered a transcript of the entries in the register, 
with a certificate under seal that he has filed the prescribed affidavit. 
The licensee shall pay to the county clerk as a total a fee of one dollar 
for registration, affidavit and certificate." NE IV YORK STATE VETERINARY COLLEGE 
43 
CATALOG OF STUDENTS. 
1897-1898. 
THIRD YEAR STUDENTS. 
Dustan, A. W Morristown, N. J. 
Kelly, A. B Albany 
Lehrnian, H. J Montclair, N. J. 
Moore, E. E Halifax, N. S., Canada 
Stanclift, R. J. 1 Derby 
SECOND YEAR STUDENTS. 
Fish, P. A. T Ithaca 
Gay, C. W. Ithaca 
Hopkins, G. S 2 Ithaca 
Illston, H. W. Ithaca 
Kern, A. G Knoxville, Tenn. 
Mitchell, W. J. Ithaca 
Perkins, C. R Hardy's 
Potter, Chas. B. Ithaca 
FIRST YEAR STUDENTS. 
Barnes, C. E Eockport 
Juliand, Louis Greene 
Reed, R. C. Ithaca 
Stone, G. T ; . Binghamton New York State Veterinary College. 
Plate I. 
LAVATORIES 
LOCKER 
ROOM 
PREPARATION 
ROOM 
ANATOMICAL 
TEMPORARY OPERATING BLDG. 
LABORATORY 
' LECTURE 
x"ro6mj 
DEANS 
PRIVATE 
OFFICE 
MUSEUM 
dean's 
PUBLIC 
OFFICE 
PLAN OP: FIRST FLOOR 
MAIN BUILDING, New York State Veterinary College. 
PROF. OF 
PHYSIOLOGY AND 
PHARMACOLOGY. 
PROF. Of 
ANATOMY. 
Plan of Second Floor-Main Building. 
TEMPORARY LABORATORY OF PHYSIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY. 
TEMPORARY LABORATORY 
PERIODICAL ROOM 
LI 5RARY 
Plate II. A.-Laboratory for Research in Histology and Embryology 
B.-Laboratory of the Professor in charge of Microscopy, Histology, Embryology 
New York State Veterinary College. 
PLAN OF THIRD FLOOR-MAIN BUILDING. 
BACTERIOLOGICAL LABORATORY 
HISTOLOGICAL LABORATORY 
i nr- 
C.-Laboratory' for Research in Bacteriology and Comparative Pathology. 
D.-Laboratory of the Professor in charge of Bacteriology and Comparative Pathology. 
Plate III. New York State Veterinary College 
GENERAL LABORATORY FOR BACTERIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY 
Plate IV New York State Veterinary College. 
GENERAL LABORATORY FOR MICROSCOPY, HISTOLOGY, AND EMBRYOLOGY. 
Plate V. New York State Veterinary College. 
CONTAC'OUS WARD 
PLAN OP GENERAL A A RD 
CONTAGIOUS WARD AND MORTUARY. 
FODDER. 
ROOM 
MORTUARY 
Plate VI. Cornell University. 
MORSE HALL-CHEMISTRY 
Plate VII. Cornell University 
DAIRY BUILDING-BREEDS AND BREEDING 
Plate VIII. Cornell University. 
LAW SCHOOL AND UNIVERSITY LIBRARY-Looking South. 
Plate IX. Cornell University. 
UNIVERSITY CAMPUS AND CASCADILLA BRIDGE-Looking North. 
Plate X. Cornell'University. 
Plate XI. 
UNIVERSITY CAMPUS-Looking South from the Library Tower.