1 [Extract? from the Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences oi Philadelphia, of papers, by Isaac Lea. Read April 1st, 1856.] Mr. Lea read some notes from a paper he is preparing for the Journal of tha Academy on the New Red Sandstone Formation of Pennsylvania, and stated that he had, during an excursion last summer, found in the dark shales of that Formation, near Phoenixville, on the Schuylkill, the tooth of a Sauroid Reptile, which he thus characterised. Centemodon* sulcatus. Tooth smooth, rather thick, slightly curved, with trenchant edges, rounded on the exterior portion, sulcate on the lower part near the base, covered with very minute distinct striae from the point to the base, which striae cross the sulcations in slightly oblique lines. Length sixteen- twentieths of an inch, greatest breadth four twentieths of an inch ; pulp cavity large. On comparing this tooth with Clepsysaurus Pennsylvanians, which he had de- scribed from the same Red Sandstone Formation in Lehigh county, it will be found to differ very widely. The edge is not serrate on any part like that genus, nor is it so large or so attenuate. The form, too, is more compressed. It differs from the teeth of Balhygnathus borealis, Leidy, from the New Red Sandstone of Nova Scotia, in size, being smaller and being more attenuate, as well as in having a trenchant smooth edge and not a serrate edge. It is about the size and approaches the form of Prof. Owen’s figure of Labyrinlliodon, plate 63, A. f. 2, of Odontographia, but it is more flattened. Mr. Lea also stated that in the greenish and blackish shales of the same locality he found two species of Posidonia, which genus is so characteristic of this portion of the formation and existing in immense quantities. As they seem to differ from that figured by Sir Charles Lyell, in his Elementary Geology, as coming from the Oolitic coal shale of Richmond, Virginia, Mr. Lea proposed the names of P. ovata and P. parva, the first being about seven-twentieths of an inch in transverse diameter. The latter is more rotund, and about three-twentieths of an inch in transverse diameter, both being covered with numerous minute con- centric costae over the whole disc. Near to this locality and superimposed, Mr. Lea obtained a specimen of impure dull red limestone, which contained, on a partially decomposed surface, im- pressions presenting the appearance of Foot-marks, somewhat like Chelichnus Duncani, Owen, figured by Sir Wm. Jardine in his Ichuology, for which Mr. Lea proposed the provisional name of Chelichnus Wymanianus, after Professor Wyman, of Cambridge, Mass. From the same formation and locality were procured the impressions of plants, ■" aculeus and c/ovc dens. 2 some of -which belong to the Conifera. One of the cones was nearly six inches long and full an inch wide. These were' accompanied by other plants of very obscure character, covering large portions of the surface of some of the layers. Mr. Lea also mentioned that he had observed the same Red, Black and Gray Shales at Gwynedd, on the North Pennsylvania Railroad,-whefe he found the same Posidonice, and some of the same obscure plants, impressions of which covered the surfaces of many of the rocks. A single specimen Was obtained of a plant with long leaves somewhat resembling Noeggerathia cuneifolia, Brogniart, which is from the Permian. In the Black Posidonia Shales was found a single Ganoid scale, which is more like Pygopteris mandibularis, Agas., from the Marl Slate (Lower Permian) than any other which had come under Mr. Lea’s iiotice. There were other obscure forms observed, which have not yet been satisfactorily found to be analogous to any known forms, but which Mr. Lea hoped to be able to make out when he should figure all the specimens and describe them more at large for the Journal of the Academy. Description of a New Sub-Genus of Naiades. Family NAIADES. Isaac Lea. Sub-genus Plagiodon.* Testa sequivalvis, inaequilatera, oblique trigona, valde inflata ; dentibus cardi- nalibus crenulatis, compressis, transversis, curtis, in utraque valva duplicis ; dentibus lateralibus nullius ; ligamentum vix extrorsum ; impressio muscularis antica composita. This sub-genus is proposed for a fluviatile shell, which is nearer to Monocondylcea, D’Orbigny, than to Margaritana, Schumacher ; and may be considered properly so interposed as a link to connect them. Testa lasvi, rotundo-trigona, globosa, ventricosissima, ad lateris planulatis, valde inquilaterali, antice brevissima, umbonibus tumidis, valvulis subtenuibus ; natibus valde elevatis, incurvis, terminalis; epidermide subrugosa, tenebroso- olivacea; dentibus cardinalibus crenulatis, compressis, transversis, curtis, in utraque valva duplicis ; margarita alba et iridescente. Hab. Rio Plata. Mr. E. Yerreau, Paris. Plagiodon isocardiodes. * nxdyrof, transversus and Ucvs, dens. 3 Description of -a New Species of Triquetra, Klein (Hyria, Lamar eh.) Isaac Lea, Triquetra lanceolata. Testa laevi, transversissimi, subcompressa, lanceolata, valde inequilaterali, postice acuto-angulat'a: antice caudntim producta; valvulis crassis; natibus parvis, prominulis, ad quartam anteriorem partem positis ; epidermide striata, tenebroso-fusca; dentibus cardinalibus subgrandibus crenulatisque ; lateralibus praelongis rectisque; margarita alba et argentea. Ilab. China ? Mr. Asa Fitch. Description of New Fresh water Shells from California. Isaac Lea. Family LYMNAEANA. Genus Pompholyx. Testa rotundo-gibbosa, subtus retrorsa, superne planulata, non umbilicata; spira depressa, apertura amplissima, subrotunda, effusa; labro acuto; labio incrassato, planglato ; operculum nullum. Pompholyx effusa. Testa parva, striata, rotundo-gibbosa, subtenui, effusa, luteo-cornea; anfractibus trinis, superne planulatis, inferne convexis; apertura subrotunda, dilatata, intus albida, maculata. Hab. Sacramento River, California. Dr. Trask. Melania Shastaensis. Testa striata, subcylindracea, subtenui, tenebroso- cornea, fasciata; spira elevata ad apice plicata; suturis valde impressis; an- fractibus convexis; apertura parva, ovata, intus albida; columella laevi, incurvata et recurvata. Hal. Shasta and Scott Rivers, California. Dr. Trask. Melania nigrina. Testa laevi, parva, conica, subtenui, nigricanti, polita; spira subelevata; suturis impressis ; anfractibus regulariter convexis ; apertura parva, ovata, superne angulata, intus tenebroso-purpurea; columella incurva, purpurea. Hab. Clear Creek, Shasta County, California. Dr. Trask. Physa triticea. Testa subfusiformi, pellucida, polita, rufb-castanea ; spira brevi, subacuta; suturis subimpressis ; anfractibus quaternis, subconstrictis ; apertura elongata, intus lineata. Ilab. Shasta County, California. Dr. Trask. Planorbis Traskii. Testa magna, tenebroso-cornea, subcylindracea, minute, crebre et regulariter striata, superne late et profunditer umbilicata ; inferne 4 magis excavat'i: anfractibus quinis, superne acute carinata ad peripheriam, in- ferne obtuse carinata ; apertura auriculaeformi. Ilab. Kern Lake, Tulan County, California. Dr. Trask. Lymnjea proxima. Testa acuto-conica, subtenui, crebre et irregulariter striata, cornea, minute perforata; spira subelevata, ad apicem acuminata ; suturis valde impressis; anfractibus septenis, convexis; apertura subinflata, subelliptica, intus fasciata, columella paulo plicata. Ilab. Arroya San Antonio, California. Dr. Trask. Ancylus patelloides. Testa magna, crassa, elliptica, maculata, oblique conica; striis crebris, minutis; apice submediali. Ilab. Sacramento River, California. Dr. Trask. The following species, heretofore described, were part of the “ envoi ” made by Dr. Trask. Margaritana margaritifera, Lea. Alas, falcata, Gould. A las. Yubcensis, Trask. From Klamath and Yuba Rivers. I received specimens of this shell from Prof. Nuttall in 183Y, brought by him from Columbia River. I thought then, and I still think, there were not characters sufficiently distinct in them to form a new species. The observations published at the time (Tran. Am. Phil. Soc. v. 6, p. 9T) are still in accordance with my opinions, after having had many specimens from various localities under examir nation. The purple in the nacre is stronger than any I have seen from other localities, but this with the other differences would not I think warrant its being considered more than a mere variety of M. margaritifera. Anodonta Wahlamatensis, Lea. Tr. Am. P. S.v. 6, p. 78.=A. triangulata, Trask. A. rotandovata, Trask. From Sacramento River. Anodonta angulata, Lea. Tr. Am. P. S. v. 6, p. fit.==4- feminalis, Gould. A. Randalli, Trask. From upper San Joaquin. Helix Oregonensis, Lea. Trans. Am. P. S. v. 6, p. 100. Point Cypress, Monterey County. Helix Nicldiniana, Lea. Trans. Am. P. S. v. 6, p. 100. Tomales Bay and Deadman’s Island. Helix Calif'orniensis, Lea. Trans. Am. P. S. v. 6, p. 99. Point Cypress, Monterey County. Lymncea exigua, Lea., Trans. Am. T. S. v. 9, obs. v. 3. San Antonio Arroya. Lymncea pallida, Adams. Journal Boston Nat. Hist. Soc. v. 3. San Antonio Arroya. JPhysa hcterostroplia, Say. Nicholson’s Ency. Am. Edition. Los Angeles. Melania occata, Hinds. Yoy. of the Sulphur, pi. 15, f. 5. Sacramento River. 5 Melania seminalis, (Paludina, Hinds.) Toy. Sulphur, pi. 16, fig. 22. Sacra- mento River. Planorbis trivolis, Say. Nicholson’s Ency. Am. Ed. Hern Lake. Slightly varies from the Michigan specimens. Planorbis ammon, Gould. Proc. Bostou Soc. Nat. Ilist. v. 5, p. 129. Lagoons, Sacramento Valley. Description of Twenty-five New Species of Exotic Uniones. Isaac Lea. [Read April 15th, 1856.] Unio Hainesianus. Testd alata, laevi, subrotundata, subinflata, valde inaequi- laterali, valvulis crassis ; natibus prominentibus, angulatis ; epidermide luteo- fusca; dentibus cardinalibus crassis, crenulatis elevatisque; lateralibus longis, .crassis subcurvisque ; margarita alba et iridescente. Ilab. Siam. S. R. House, M. D. Unio Myersianus. Testa biaiata, laevi, triangulari, subcompressa, inequi- laterali, postice angulata ; valvulis crassis ; natibus prominulis epidermide tene- broso-fusca ; dentibus cardinalibus longis crenulatisque ; lateralibus prae- longis, lamellatis subcurvisque ; margarita colore salmonis tincta. Ilab. Siam. S. R. House, M. D. Unio Housei. Testa biaiata, laevi, triangulari, compressa, valde inaequilaterali, postice obtuse angulata, valvulis subcrassis ; natibus prominulis; epidermide fusca; dentibus cardinalibus lamellatis; lateralibus preelongis, lamellatis subcurvisque ; margarita colore salmonis tincta. Ilab. Siam. S. R. House, M. D. Unio gravidus. Testa alatS., Irevi, triangulari, valde inflata, valde insequi- laterali; valvulis tenuibus; natibus elevatis, tumidis ; epidermide lute&, nitida ; dentibus cardinalibus prtelongis, valde lamellatis ; lateralibus longis, lamellatis subcurvisque ; margarita caeruleo-alba et iridescente. Ilab. Siam. S. R. House, M. D. Unio inornatus. Testa laevi, elliptica, inflata, subsequilaterali, postice sub- angulata; valvulis sub-pellucidis tenuibusque ; natibus subprominentibus ; epidermide olivacea, substriata; dentibus cardinalibus longis lamellatisque ; lateralibus longis rectis lamellatisque ; margarita caeruleo-alba et iridescente. Ilab. Siam. S. R. House, M. D. Unio lutens. Testa laevi, elliptica, inflata, subaequilaterali, postice obtuse angulata ; valvulis crassis ; natibus subprominentibus ; epidermide lutea, polita ; 6 dentibus cardinalibus crassis brevisque; lateralibus brevis, subcrassis sub- rectisque ; margarita alba et iridescente. JIab. Newville Burmah. Mrs. Vinton. Unio eximios. Testa alata, plicata, obovata, compressa, valde inaequilaterali, postice rotundata; valvulis tenuissimis ; natibus prominulis ; epidermide virido- lutea, obsolete radiata; dentibus cardinalibus lamellatis tenuibusque ; laterali- bus longis, lamellatis subcurvisque ; margarita cseruleo-alba et iridescente. I/ab. Siam. S, R. House, M. D. Unio tumidulus. Testa laevi, obliqua, inflata, postice angulatd, valde inaequilaterali; valvulis subcrassis; natibus prominentibus ; epidermide tene- broso-olivacea, striata ; dentibus cardinalibus longis lamellatisque ; lateralibus prmlongis subcurvisque; margarita alba et iridescente. Hab. Siam. S. R. House, M. D. Unio rusticus. Testa tuberculata, elliptica, inflata, inaequilaterali, postice subangulata; valvulis subcrassis; natibus subprominentibus; epidermide olivacea, substriata; dentibus cardinalibus longis lamellatisque; lateralibus longis, lamellatis subrectisque ; margarita alba et iridescente. Hub. Siam. S. R. House, M. D. Unio sagittarius. Testa laevi, valde transversi, valde inaequilaterali, subin- flata, subcylindracea, postice acuto-angulata; valvulis subtenuibus; natibus vix prominentibus; epidermide virido-olivacea, striata; dentibus cardinalibus longis, rectis lamellatisque; lateralibus praelongis subrectisque ; margarita albd et iridescente. Ilab. Siam. S. R. House, M. D. Unio substriatus. Testa laevi, elliptica, subinflata, subaequilaterali; postice angulata, antice rotundata; valvulis crassiusculis; natibus subprominentibus granulatisque; epidermide olivacea, eradiati et rugoso-striati; dentibus cardi- nalibus longis, rectis lamellatisque ; lateralibus longis, rectis lamellatisque : margarita argentea et iridescente. Hab. Siam. S. R. House, M. D. Unio scobinatus. Testa plicata, transversa, in medio compressa, valde inaequilaterali, postice angulata, ad basim emarginata; valvulis subcrassis; natibus parvis, prominulis, ad apicem undulatis ; epidermide viridi et lutea, minute striata; dentibus cardinalibus obliquis, compressis ; lateralibus praelongis, in uterque valvis duplicis subrectisque ; margarita alba et iridescente. Hab. Siam. T. R. Ingalls, M. D., S. R. House, M. D. Unio humilis. Testa plicata, transversa, subinflata, subaequilaterali, sub- cylindracea, postice biangulata; valvulis tenuibus, pellucidis; natibus prominulis, perplicatis ; epidermide virido-lutea, striata ; dentibus cardinalibus lamellatis 7 rectisque; lateralibus longis lamellatisque; margariti caeruleo-alba et irides- cente. Ilab. Siam. S. R. House, M. D. Unio phaselus. Testa plicata, transversa, inflata, subemarginata, valde inaequilaterali, postice obtuse angulata ; valvulis crassis , natibus parvis, promi- nulis, ad apicem undulatis; epidermide viridi et lutea, polita; dentibus cardi- nalibus brevis subcrassisque ; lateralibus prelongis, duplicis in uterque valvis subcurvisque ; margarita alba et iridescente. Ilab. Siam. S. R. House, M. D. Unio Verreauianus. Testa sulcata, oblonga, inflata, subemarginata, subaequi- laterali, postice obtuse angulata; valvulis crassis ; natibus parvis, subpromi- nentibus undulatisque; epidermide luteo-brunea, striata; dentibus cardinalibus magnis, obliquis, compressis crenulatisque; lateralibus longis, rectis lamella- tisque ; margarita salmonis colore tinctd et iridescente. Ilab. Cape of Good Hope. Mr. E. Yerreau. Unio Africanus. Testa laevi, elliptica, subcompressa, subemarginata, valde insequilaterali, postice obtuse angulata; valvulis subtenuibus; natibus parvis, prominulis undulatisque ; epidermide luteo-olivacea et polita ; dentibus cardi- nalibus parvis, obliquis, compressis sublamellatisque; lateralibus praelongis subrectisque ; margarita salmonis colore tincta et valde iridescente. Hab. Cape of Good Hope. Mr. E. Verreau. Unio Shurtleffianus. Testa minute plicata, elliptica, insequilaterali, sub- oylindracea, postice obtuse angulata, antice rotundata, ad latus subplanulata ; valvulis subcrassis ; natibus prominulis, ad apices minute undulatis ; epidermide virido-lutea; dentibus cardinalibus sublongis, compressis geminisque; lateralibus longis subrectisque ; margarita salmonis colore tincta et iridescente. Hab. Sina River, India, Major Le Conte. Ahmednugger, India. S. Shurtleff, M. D. Unio effulgens. Testa sulcata, elliptica, subinflata, insequilaterali, postice obtuse angulata; valvulis subcrassis; natibus prominulis; epidermide tenebroso- fuscd, polita; dentibus cardinalibus parvis crenulatisque; lateralibus longis curvisque; margarita caeruleo-albA Ilab. Brazil. B. W. Budd, M. D. Unio Dunkerianus. Testa plicata, transversa, subinflata, valde imequilaterali, postice obtuse angulata; valvulis subtenuibus ; natibus jrrominulis, costis divarioatis; epidermide tenebroso-fusca politaque ; dentibus cardinalibus longis compressisque ; lateralibus praelongis, lamellatis rectisque ; margarita caeruleo- alba et valde iridescente. Hab. River Macacou, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Prof. Drinker. New Grenada, Mr. E. Yerreau. 8 Unio Shuttleworthii. Testa sulcata, oblonga, transversa, valde insequi- laterali, subcompressa, postice obtuse biangulata, ad latus planulata ; valvulis subcrassis ; natibus prominulis ; epidermide bruneo-nigricante ; dentibus cardi- nalibus parvis; lateralibus longis subcurvisque; margarita - purpurea et iridescente. Hab. Australia. R. J. Shuttleworth, Esq. Berne, Switzerland. Unio nucleus. Testa plicata, quadrata, inflata, subsequilaterali, postico angulata ; valvulis crassis; natibus prominentibus, perplicatis ; epidermide virido-fusca, minutissime perstriata ; dentibus cardinalibus crassis brevisque ; lateralibus crassis, brevis, duplicis in uterque valvis subcurvisque ; margarita cseruleo-alba et iridescente. Ilab. Siam. S. R. House, M. D. Unio Wheatleyanus. Testa laevi, elliptica, inflata, inaequilaterali; valvulis crassis ; natibus prominulis, costis elevatis, epidermide tenebroso-oliva, rugoso- striata; dentibus cardinalibus magnis, crassiusculis, subdivisis; lateralibus longis crassisque ; margarita vel alba vel carnea et iridescente. Hab. Rio Plata, M. A. D’Orbigny. Rio Negro. C. M. Wheatley, Esq. Unio Brownii. Testa laevi, obovata, valde compressa, valde inaequilaterali; valvulis subcrassis; natibus prominulis, costis divaricatis; epidermide tenebroso- viridi, striata; dentibus cardinalibus submagnis, in utraque valvis duplicis ; lateralibus lamellatis, sublongis curvisque ; margaritS. alba. Hab. Mocha? Asia. Capt. George Brown. Unio suavidicus. Testa ltevi, oblonga, subcompressa, valde inaequilaterali, antice rotundata, postice truncata, natibus subprominentibus, costis elevatis ; epidermide luteo-oliva, minute striata ; dentibus cardinalibus parvis, compressis, crenulatis, in utraque valvis duplicis, lateralibus longis, lamellatis subrectisque; margarita caeruleo-alba et iridescente. Hab. River Amazon. Mr. E. Verreau, Paris. Unio umbrosus. Testa laevi, elliptica, subinflata, inaequilaterali; valvulis subcrassis ; natibus prominulis ; epidermide castanea, polita, transverse fasciata; dentibus cardinalibus magnis, subelevatis ; lateralibus longis, lamellatis sub- curvisque ; margarita vel purpurea vel rosea et iridescente. Hab. Medellin River, Mexico. M. Burrough, M. D.