department nf (Cnmmerre anb S.alwr REGISTRATION OF BIRTHS AND DEATHS DRAFTS OF LAWS AND FORMS OF CERTIFICATES BUREAU OF THE CENSUS S. N. D. NORTH DIRECTOR Dryartnunit nf (tfnmnwrre aiib ICabnr REGISTRATION OF BIRTHS AND DEATHS DRAFTS OF LAWS AND FORMS OF CERTIFICATES INFORMA- TION FOR LOCAL BUREAU OF THE CENSUS S. N. D, NORTH DIRECTOR 8-451-H. 104 Ojiwrrnmrui llnniuty (Offirr REGISTRATION OF BIRTHS AND DEATHS LAWS, FORMS, AND METHODS INTRODUCTION In a pamphlet on ' ' Legislative Requirements for Registration of Vital Statistics," recently published by the Bureau of the Census, a draft of a law for the registration of deaths was given, and in another pamphlet on ''Practical Registration Methods," issued by the same bureau, a copy of the ''Standard Certificate of Death," approved by the American Public Health Association, was inserted. The former pam- phlet was sent to the governors of all states, state medical societies, medical journals, and individuals interested in the extension of effective registration upon uniform lines. When these pamphlets were issued it was thought best not to attempt to include the registration of births in the plans recommended, but the interest manifested in the subject and the disposition to urge legislation requiring registration of both births and deaths, have made it desirable to treat also the question of registering births, and to give a draft of a law for that purpose, drawn upon the same lines and based on the same general principles as the law for registering deaths. The specimen form of a law for this purpose presented on pages 5 to 11 has been approved by the committee on Demography and Statistics of the American Public Health Association, the cooperating committee of the Conference of State Boards of Health, through its chairman; the Surgeon-General of the United States Public Health and Marine- Hospital Service, and the Director of the Census. Statisticians and students of sociological problems have long since recognized the importance of complete, accurate, and uniform records of birth; but people generally do not so fully appreciate the immediate practical value of such records in the ordinary relations of life. The record of the birth of a child must be made by some other person. The child is incapable of protecting its future interests at the proper time, and some of its most valuable rights and privileges may be placed in jeopardy or entirely lost if the registration of its birth is neglected by those upon whom it is dependent. (3) 4 Dr. Arthur R. Reynolds, in a public address, alluded to the matter in the following words: There is hardly a relation of life, from the cradle to the grave, in which the evi- dence furnished by an accurate registration of births may not prove to be of the greatest value, as, for example, in the matter of descent; in the relations of guar- dians and wards; in the disabilities of minors; in the administration of estates, the settlement of insurance and pensions, the requirements of foreign countries concern- ing residence, marriage, and legacies; in marriage in our own country, in voting, and in jury and militia service; in the right to admission and practice in the profes- sions and to many public offices; in the enforcement of laws relating to education and to child labor, as well as to various matters in the criminal code-the irrespon- sibility of children under ten years of age for crime and misdemeanor, the determi- nation of the age of consent, etc. As the country becomes more densely settled and the struggle for existence sharper, many of these matters which have hitherto been of minor significance will take on a deeper meaning and acquire greater impor- tance. Hence the urgent necessity for remedyof the defects which prevent a proper registration of births. Dr. John S. Fulton, in a paper read at the meeting of the American Public Health Association, also speaks of the direct interest of the indi- vidual citizen as follows: The private interest of the citizen in registration of births is indeed superior to his interest in registration of deaths, for a greater proportion of his privileges and immunities, rights and duties, turning upon the question of his age and his parent- age, are definitely conserved by the registration of his birth. Some idea of the frequency with which questions arise requiring ref- erence to the records of births may be gained from the fact that the calls for copies of records or for information contained in them in New York city during the year 1902 exceeded 3,000. The principal difference between the proposed law for the registration of births and the laws now in force lies in the fact that the former requires a practically immediate registration of every birth-the limit of time allowed for making the return being three days-whereas most of the existing laws allow from one month to one year for that purpose. It is believed that the extreme length of time allowed by present laws for making the return constitutes a grave defect, the direct result of which must be an entire failure to report many births, as any extension of time encourages procrastination and practically amounts to allowing so much additional time to forget to make the return. The fact that in certain cases the given name for a child has not been selected at the date of its birth, and that the full name is essential to the complete record, does not furnish a sufficient reason for postponing the returns, as these cases are comparatively few in number and can be adequately provided for with little trouble and no delay. The law pro- posed covers such cases by providing for a supplemental report, which is elsewhere explained.1 In the pamphlet on legislative requirements for registration of vital statistics, previously referred to, it was suggested that in states 1 See page 7. 5 having no registration laws the efforts be confined in the first instance to securing legislation for the registration of deaths, to be followed, when established on an effective basis, by a further law for the registration of births, to be conducted by the same organization. In that pamphlet a complete draft of a law for registration of deaths was given. For the convenience of persons who may wish to follow the procedure there sug- gested, a separate draft of a law for registering births, drawn upon similar lines, is given below. (Form A.) In case, however, it should seem desirable to provide for the registra- tion of both births and deaths in the same act, a draft is also given of a law which combines the two, on pages n to 21. (Form B.) These two forms (A and B) are very specific in their provisions, and cover in a definite manner pretty much all of the details involved in the proposed system of registration. They are, therefore, rather lengthy and may appear to be more complex or intricate than is desirable, but they have intentionally been made complete and explicit, owing to the difficulty in some places of securing compliance with necessary requirements, unless they are definitely provided for in the law itself. Some of the details may very properly be regarded as relating to administrative functions, the authority for which is sufficiently implied by the more general pro- visions to be upheld by the courts when covered only by rules and regulations which the state registrar may be specifically empowered to make, promulgate, and enforce. Where this is the case, much of the matter appearing in Forms A and B may be omitted and left to be pro- vided for in the rules and regulations for which authority is given, and which will be essential to a greater or less extent, however complete the law. As an illustration of a less detailed law, a condensed draft (Form C) is given on pages 21 to 25. This form may preferably be adopted if, under the state constitution, the courts will uphold the validity of the clause empowering the state registrar "to make, promulgate, and enforce such rules and regulations as he may consider necessary to carry out the provisions of this act,'' and will sustain the state registrar in cases arising out of violations of the rules and regulations promulgated by him. This is a question for the legal officers of the state to decide. If there appears to be any doubt as to the probable attitude of the courts the more complete form should be selected. DRAFTS OF LAWS FORM A: LAW PROVIDING FOR THE REGISTRATION OF BIRTHS Section i. All births that occur in the state shall be immediately registered in the districts where they occur, which primary registration districts shall be the same as those provided by law for the registration of deaths. Local registrars for deaths shall also be the local registrars for births, and the stgte registrar for deaths shall be the state registrar 6 for births. It shall be the duty of the attending physician or midwife to file a certificate of birth, properly and completely filled out in all of the particulars required by this act, with the local registrar of the dis- trict in which the birth occurred, within three days after the date of birth. And if there be no attending physician or midwife, then it shall be the duty of the father of the child, or the householder or owner of the premises, or manager or superintendent of the public or private institution in which the birth occurred, to file said certificate of birth with the local registrar within three days after birth. SEC. 2. Stillborn children, or those dead at birth, shall be registered as births under this act, and also as deaths under the registration law for deaths, and a certificate of birth in the usual form shall be filed with the local registrar, said certificate to contain, in place of the "full name of child," the word "stillbirth." Sec. 3. The certificate of birth shall be of the standard form recom- mended by the Bureau of the Census and the American Public Health Association, and shall contain the following items: (1) Place of birth, including state, county, township or town, village or city. If in a city, the ward, street, and house number. If in a hos- pital or other institution, the name of the same to be given instead of the street and house number. (2) Full name of child. If the child dies without a name before the certificate is filed, enter the words " died unnamed." If the living child has not been named at the date of filing the certificate of birth, the space for "full name of child " is to be left blank, to be filled out subsequently from the supplemental report hereinafter provided for. (3) Sex of child. (4) Whether a twin, triplet, or other plural birth. A separate certifi- cate shall be required for each child in a case of plural birth, giving number of child in order of birth. (5) Whether legitimate or illegitimate (6) Full name of father. (7) Residence of father. (8) Color or race of father. (9) Birthplace of father. (10) Age of father at last birthday, in years. (11) Occupation of father. (12) Maiden name of mother, in full. (13) Residence of mother. (14) Color or race of mother. (15) Birthplace of mother. (16) Age of mother at last birthday, in years. (17) Occupation of mother. (18) Number of child of this mother, and number of children of this mother now living. SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT OF BIRTH MARGIN RESERVED FOR BINDING This supplemental report is to be pasted beneath the original 8-442 & V. S. No. 108 (STATE) (This return should preferably be made by the person who made the original) Registered Number* Place of birth*No,St. (Registration district) SEX OF CHILD* I HEREBY CERTIFY that the child described herein has been named : Twin,* triplet, or other? rand1 Number* In order [ of birth DATE OF BIRTH *,, I 90 - (Mon tli) (Day) (Year) 'Given name, in full) (Surname) FULL* NAME FATHER (Signature) FULL* MAIDEN NAME MOTHER * These items to be entered by the Registrar before giving out this form 11-387 (Physician or midwife) 8-334 a , MARGIN RESERVED FOR BINuING. V. S. No. 109 WRITE PLAINLY, WITH UNFADING INK THIS IS A PERMANENT RECORD. 2T. Ti.-In case of more than one child at a birth, a SEPARATE RETIRE must be made for each, and the number of each, in order of birth, stated. PLACE OF BIRTH census office: STANDARD CERTIFICATE OF" BIRTH (state:) County of Township of or Village of or City of - Registered No. (No. St.; Ward) f If child is not yet named, make {supplemental report, as directed. FULL NAME OF CHILD Sex of Child Twin, Triplet, or other? and Number in order of birth Legiti- mate 7 Date of birth , , 190 (Month) (Day) (Year) FULL NAME FATHER FULL MAIDEN NAME MOTHER RESIDENCE RESIDENCE COLOR AGE AT LAST BIRTHDAY (Years) COLOR AGE AT LAST BIRTHDAY (Years) BIRTHPLACE BIRTHPLACE OCCUPATION OCCUPATION Number of child of this m other - Number of children, of this mother, now living CERTIFICATE OF ATTENDING PHYSICIAN OR MIDWIFE* I hereby certify that I attended the birth of this child, and that it occurred on , 190 > at M. *When there was no attending physician or midwife, then the father, householder, etc., should make this return. (Signature) (Physician or midwife) Given name added from a supplemental Address report , 190 Filed , 190 REGISTRAR. 11-385 REGISTRAR. 7 (19) Certificate of attending physician or midwife as to attendance at birth, including statement of year, month, day, and hour of birth, and whether the child was alive or dead at birth. This certificate shall be signed by the attending physician or midwife, with date of signature and address. If there was no physician or midwife in attendance, then the father of the child, or the householder or owner of the premises, or manager or superintendent of the public or private institution in which the birth occurred, or other competent person whose duty it shall become to file the certificate of birth as provided in section one of this act, shall draw a line through the words "I hereby certify that I attended the birth of above child," and shall write in lieu thereof the words ''no physician or midwife," filling out the remainder of the certificate in regard to the year, month, day, and hour of birth, and signing the cer- tificate as father, householder, owner of premises, manager or superin- tendent of institution, as the case may be, with his address. (20) Exact date of filing in office of local registrar, attested by his official signature and registered number of birth, as hereinafter provided. The certificate shall be written legibly in unfading black ink, and no certificate shall be held to be complete and correct that does not supply all of the items of information specified herein or satisfactorily account for the omission of any of said items. SEC. 4. The local registrar shall supply blanks and instructions, as directed by the state registrar, to physicians, midwives, and to other persons requiring them. He shall carefully examine each certificate of birth when presented for record to see that it has been made out in accordance with the provisions of this act and the instructions of the state registrar, and if any certificate is incomplete or unsatisfactory, he shall immediately notify the informant and require him to supply the missing items if they can be obtained. If it is impossible to obtain any such item, then the local registrar shall fill the blank space with the word ''unknown." When any certificate of birth of a living child is presented without statement of the given name, then the local registrar shall make out and deliver to the informant a special blank for the sup- plemental report of the given name of the child, which shall be filled out as directed and returned to the registrar as soon as such child shall be named. The original certificate of birth shall not be considered complete until the supplemental report is filed or the blank returned with the statement " died unnamed." The local registrar shall imme- diately number each certificate of birth when filed with him, whether complete or incomplete, beginning with ''number one," for the first birth that occurs in his district in each calendar year, and sign his name as registrar in attest of the date of filing in his office. He shall make a complete and accurate copy of each certificate registered by him, upon a form identical with the original, to be filed and permanently preserved in his office, as the local record of such birth, in such manner as directed 8 by the .state registrar. And he shall, on the fifth day of each month, at the time of making his monthly report of deaths, transmit to the state registrar all original certificates of birth registered by him for the pre- ceding calendar month, together with any delayed certificates and sup- plemental reports for preceding months. And if no births occurred in any month, he shall, on the fifth day of the following month, report that fact to the state registrar in such manner as the state registrar shall direct. SEC. 5. The state registrar shall prepare, print, and supply to all registrars all blanks and forms used in registering, recording, and pre- serving the returns, or in otherwise carrying out the purposes of this act, and shall prepare and issue such detailed instructions as may be required to secure the uniform observance of its provisions and the maintenance of a perfect system of registration, and no other blanks shall be used than those supplied by the state registrar. He shall carefully examine the certificates received monthly from the local registrars, and if any such are incomplete or unsatisfactory he shall require such further information to be furnished as may be necessary to make the record complete and satisfactory. And all physicians, midwives, or other inform- ants, and all other persons having knowledge of the facts, are hereby required to furnish such information as they may possess regarding any birth, upon demand of the state registrar, in person, by mail, or through the local registrar. He shall further arrange, bind, and permanently preserve the certificates in a systematic manner, and shall prepare and maintain a comprehensive and continuous card index of all births regis- tered, the cards to show the name of child, place and date of birth, number of certificate, and the volume in which it is contained. And he is hereby empowered to make, promulgate, and enforce such rules and regulations as he may consider necessary to carry out the provisions of this act. Sec. 6. Each local registrar shall be entitled to be paid the sum of [twenty-five] cents for each birth certificate properly and completely made out and registered with him, and correctly copied and duly trans- mitted by him to the state registrar as required by section four of this act. In case no births occurred during a calendar month, the local reg- istrar shall be entitled to be paid the sum of [twenty-five] cents for each report to that effect promptly made in accordance with the directions of the state registrar. All amounts payable to any registrar under the provisions of this section shall be paid by the treasurer of the county in which the registration district is located upon certification by the state registrar. Sec. 7. Each physician, midwife, father of child, householder or Owner of premises, manager or superintendent of public or private institution, or other person acting as informant and filing with the local registrar within three days after the birth of a child a proper cer- 9 tificate of birth, correctly and legibly made out in unfading black ink and containing all the items required by section three of this act, shall be entitled to receive the sum of [twenty-five] cents, to be paid by the treasurer of the county upon certification by the state registrar. Only one certificate shall be received for the birth of the same child, and the order of right to file the certificate shall be the same as the order of responsibility for filing as herein given and in section one of this act. Certificates in which certain items are omitted, including the given name of the child, shall be regarded as incomplete and shall not be enti- tled to payment until the missing information, when possible to obtain, is supplied. And the state registrar shall annually certify to the treas- urers of the several counties the number of births registered, with the names of the persons reporting them and the amounts due each at the rate fixed herein. Note.-It is considered desirable by some authorities to offer inducements for the return of births by payment of a small fee for each birth reported, but while it may prove an incentive in some cases, the main reliance for complete returns must rest upon enforcement of the compulsory requirements of the law, and the provisions for payment may be retained or omitted as preferred. Sec. 8. The state registrar shall, upon request, furnish any applicant a certified copy of the record of any birth registered under the provisions of this act, for the making and certification of which he shall be entitled to a fee of [fifty] cents, to be paid by the applicant. And any such copy of the record of a birth, when properly certified by the state registrar to be a true copy thereof, shall be prima facie evidence in all courts and places of the facts therein stated. For any search of the files and records, when no certified copy is made, the state registrar shall be entitled to a fee of [fifty] cents for each hour or fractional hour of time of search, to be paid by the applicant. And the state registrar shall keep a true and correct account of all fees by him received under these provisions, and turn them over to the state treasurer. SEC. 9. All superintendents or managers or other persons in charge of hospitals or lying-in institutions, to which women resort for confine- ment, are hereby required to make a record of all of the personal and statistical particulars relative to the inmates of their institutions, there residing for the purpose of confinement, at the date of taking effect of this act, that are required in the form of certificate herein provided for, as directed by the state registrar. And thereafter such record shall be by them made, for all future inmates, at the time of admission. Sec. io. Every physician and midwife shall without delay register his or her name, address, and occupation with the local registrar of the registration district in which he or she resides or may hereafter establish a residence, and shall thereupon be supplied by the local registrar with a copy of this act, together with such rules and regulations as may be prepared by the state registrar relative to its enforcement. Within 95°7~06 2 IO thirty clays after the close of each calendar year each local registrar shall make a return to the state registrar of all physicians and midwives who have registered in his district during the preceding calendar year, and in certifying names for payment for certificates of birth filed, the state registrar shall not include any physicians or midwives who have not complied with the requirements of this section: Provided, That no fee or other compensation shall be charged by local registrars to physicians or midwives for registering their names under this section or making returns thereof to the state registrar. SEC. ii.1 Any physician or midwife in attendance upon a case of con- finement, or any other person charged with responsibility for reporting births, in the order named in section one of this act, who shall neglect or refuse to file a proper certificate of birth with the local registrar within the time required by this act, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not less than five dollars nor more than fifty dollars. And any registrar who shall neglect or fail to enforce the provisions of this act in his district, or shall neglect or refuse to perform any of the duties imposed upon him by this act or by the instructions and direc- tions of the state registrar, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not less than ten dollars or more than one hundred dollars. And any person who shall willfully alter any certificate of birth, or the copy of any certificate of birth on file in the office of the local registrar, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not less than ten dollars or more than one hundred dollars. And any other person or persons who shall violate any of the provi- sions of this act, or shall willfully neglect or refuse to perform any duties imposed upon them by this act, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not less than five dollars or more than one hundred dollars. Sec. 12. Local registrars are hereby charged with the strict and thorough enforcement of the provisions of this act in their districts, under the supervision and direction of the state registrar. And they shall make an immediate report to the state registrar of any violations of this law coming to their notice by observation or upon complaint of any person or otherwise. The state registrar is hereby charged with the thorough and efficient execution of the provisions of this act in every part of the state, and with supervisory power over local registrars to the end that all of its requirements shall be uniformly complied with. He shall have authority to investigate cases of irregularity or violation of law, personally or by accredited representative, and all registrars shall 1 See note on page 21, relative to penalties in the shape of fines. II aid him, upon request, in such investigations. When he shall deem it necessary, he shall report cases of violation of any of the provisions of this act to the prosecuting attorney or official of the proper county or municipality, with a statement of the facts and circumstances, and when any such case is reported to them by the state registrar all prosecuting attorneys or officials acting in such capacity shall forthwith initiate and promptly follow up the necessary court proceedings against the parties responsible for the alleged violations of law. And upon request of the state registrar the attorney-general shall likewise assist in the enforce- ment of the provisions of this act. FORM B: LAW PROVIDING FOR THE REGISTRATION OF BIRTHS AND DEATHS Section i. That for the complete and proper registration of births and deaths, for legal, sanitary, and statistical purposes, there shall be, and hereby is, created and established a state bureau of vital statistics, to be under the immediate superintendence of a state registrar, who shall be a competent medical practitioner and vital-statistician, and who shall be appointed by the governor, by and with the advice and consent of the senate. And within thirty days from the date of taking effect of this act the governor shall appoint a state registrar, as herein pro- vided. The term of office of the state registrar shall be four years from the first day of January of the year in which he is appointed. SEC. 2. The state registrar shall receive an annual salary of [twenty- five hundred] dollars. And he may employ such clerical and other assistants as are necessary for the proper performance of the duties of the office, and fix their compensation within the amount appropriated therefor by the legislature. He shall designate, in writing, one of his assistants, who shall possess the powers and perform the duties of the state registrar during his absence, illness, or disability, or during a vacancy in the office. And he is hereby empowered to make, promul- gate, and enforce such rules and regulations as he may consider neces- sary to carry out the provisions of this act. Sec. 3. That for the purposes of this act the state shall be divided into registration districts as follows: Bach incorporated village and city and each township, exclusive of any incorporated village or city, shall constitute a primary registration district. Sec. 4. That the clerk of each township, village, or city shall be the local registrar in and for the township, village, or city of which he is clerk, and he shall perform all the duties of local registrar, as herein- after provided. And he shall immediately appoint, in writing, a deputy, who shall be authorized to act in his stead in case of absence, illness, or disability: Provided, That in cities where health officers at the date of this act are officiating as registrars of deaths under local ordinances, Be it enacted, etc. 12 such health officers shall be continued as registrars in and for such cities. And when it may appear necessary for the convenience of the people in any township, the local registrar is hereby authorized, with the approval of the state registrar, to appoint one or more suitable and proper persons to act as subregistrars, who shall be authorized to receive certificates and to issue burial or removal permits in and for such portions of the town- ship as may be designated. And each subregistrar shall note the date each certificate was filed, over his signature, and forward all certificates to the registrar of the township within ten days, and in all cases before the third day of the following month: Provided, That all subregistrars shall be subject to the supervision and control of the state registrar, and may be by him removed for neglect or failure to perform their duties in accordance with the provisions of this act or the rules and regulations of the state registrar, and they shall be liable to the same penalties for neglect of duties as the local registrar. SEC. 5. That all births that occur in the state shall be immediately registered in the districts in which they occur, as hereinafter provided. Sec. 6. That the body of any person whose death occurs in the state shall not be interred, deposited in a vault or tomb, cremated, or other- wise disposed of, or removed from or into any registration district until a permit for burial or removal shall have been properly issued by the registrar of the registration district in which the death occurs. And no such burial or removal permit shall be issued by any registrar until a complete and satisfactory certificate and return of the death has been filed with him, as hereinafter provided: Provided, That in case of any death outside of the state, where the body is accompanied by a removal or transit permit issued in accordance with the law and the health regu- lations in force where the death occurred, such removal or transit permit may be accepted as of the same authority as a permit from the local registrar. Sec. 7. Stillborn children, or those dead at birth, shall be registered as births and also as deaths, and a certificate of both the birth and the death shall be filed with the local registrar in the usual form and manner, the certificate of birth to contain, in place of the name of the child, the word "stillbirth." The medical certificate of the cause of death shall be signed by the attending physician, and shall state the cause of death as "stillborn"; with the cause of the stillbirth, if known; whether a premature birth; and, if born prematurely, the period of uterogestation in months, if known; and a burial or removal permit in usual form shall be required. SEC. 8. That the certificate of death shall be of the standard form recommended by the Bureau of the Census and the American Public Health Association, and shall contain the following items: (1) Place of death, including state, county, township or town, city or village. If in a city, the ward, street, and house number. If in a PLACE OF DEATH BUREAU OK THE CENSUS STANDARD CERTIFICATE OF" DEATH. N. B.-Every item of information should be carefully supplied. AGE should be stated EXACTLY. PHYSICIANS should state CAUSE OF DEATH in plain terms, that it may be properly classified. The "Special Information" for persons dying away from home should be given in every instance. County of Township of or Village of - or City of [If death occurs away from USUAL RESIDENCE give facts called for under " Special Information."] Registered No. (No- ...St.;. .Ward) [If death occurred in a Hospital or Institution, give its NAME instead of street and number.] WRITE PLAINLY, WITH UNFADING INK-THIS IS A PERMANENT RECORD. FULL NAME PERSONAL AND STATISTICAL PARTICULARS MEDICAL CEliTIFICATE OF DEATH MARGIN RESERVED FOR BINDING. SEX COLOR DATE OF DEATH DATE OF BIRTH (Month) (Day) .190- (Year) (Month) (Day) (Year) I HEREBY CERTIFY, That I attended deceased from 190to 190 that I last saw halive on 190, and that death occurred, on the date stated above, at M. The CAUSE OF DEATH was as follows: AGE -years, - months, days SINGLE, MARRIED, WIDOWED, OR DIVORCED BIRTHPLACE (State or country) NAME OF FATHER BIRTHPLACE OF FATHER (State or country) (duration) DAYS Contributory MAIDEN NAME OF MOTHER . (duration) - DAYS BIRTHPLACE OF MOTHER (State or country) (Signed) M. D. SPECIAL INFORMATION only for Hospitals, Institutions, Transients, or Recent Residents. 190 (Address) OCCUPATION THE ABOVE STATED PERSONAL PARTICULARS ARE TRUE TO THE BEST OF MY KNOWLEDGE AND BELIEF Former or Usual Residence.- How long at Place of Death ?. -Days Where was disease contracted, If not at place of death? (Informant) PLACE OF BURIAL OR REMOVAL DATE OF BURIAL 8-209. V. S. No. 98. Filed (Address) .190- 190. UNDERTAKER ADDRESS C-277 Registrar 13 hospital or other institution, the name of the same to be given instead of the street and house number. (2 ) bull name of decedent. If an unnamed child, the surname, pre- ceded by "unnamed." (3) Sex. (4) Color or race, as white, black (negro or negro descent), Indian, Chinese, Japanese, or other. (5) Conjugal condition, as single, married, widowed, or divorced. (6) Date of birth, including the year, month, and day. (7) Age, in years, months, and days. (8) Place of birth: state or foreign country. (9) Name of father. (10) Birthplace of father: state or foreign country. (11) Maiden name of mother. (12) Birthplace of mother: state or foreign country. (13) Occupation: the occupation to be reported of any person who had any remunerative employment, women as well as men. (14) Signature and address of informant. (15) Date of death, including the year, month, and day. (16) Statement of medical attendance on decedent, fact and time of death, including the time last seen alive. (17) Cause of death, including the primary and immediate causes, and contributory causes or complications, if any, and the duration of each. (18) Signature and address of physician or official making the medi- cal certificate. (19) Special information concerning deaths in hospitals and institu- tions and of persons dying away from home, including the former or usual residence, length of time at place of death, and place where the disease was contracted. (20) Place of burial or removal. (21) Date of burial or removal. (22) Signature and address of undertaker. (23) Official signature of registrar, with date when certificate was filed and registered number. The personal and statistical particulars (items 1 to 13) shall be authenticated by the signature of the informant, who may be any competent person acquainted with the facts. The statement of facts relating to the disposition of the body shall be signed by the undertaker or person acting as such. The medical certificate shall be made and signed by the physician, if any, last in attendance on the deceased, who shall specify the time in attendance, the time he last saw the deceased alive, and the hour of the day at which death occurred. And he shall further state the cause of death so as to show the course of disease or sequence of causes resulting in death, giving the primary and immediate causes, and also the con- 14 tributory causes, if any, and the duration of each. Indefinite and unsat- isfactory terms indicating only symptoms of disease or conditions resulting from disease will not be held sufficient for issuing a burial or removal permit, and any certificate containing only such terms, as defined by the state registrar, shall be returned to the physician for cor- rection and definition. Causes of death which may be the result of either disease or violence shall be carefully defined, and, if from violence, its nature shall be stated, and whether accidental, suicidal, or homicidal. And in case of deaths in hospitals, institutions, or away from home, the physician shall furnish the information required under this head (item 19), and shall state where, in his opinion, the disease was contracted. And the cause of death and all other facts required shall in all cases be stated in accordance with the rules and regulations of the state registrar. SEC. 9. In case of any death occurring without medical attendance, it shall be the duty of the undertaker to notify the registrar of such death, and when so notified the registrar shall inform the local health officer and refer the case to him for immediate investigation and certifi- cation prior to issuing the permit: Provided, That when the local health officer is not a qualified physician, or when there is no such official, and in such cases only, the registrar is authorized to make the certificate and return from the statement of relatives or other persons having adequate knowledge of the facts: Provided further, That if the circumstances of the case render it probable that the death was caused by unlawful or suspicious means, the registrar shall then refer the case to the coroner for his investigation and certification. Sec. io. The undertaker, or person acting as undertaker, shall be responsible for obtaining and filing the certificate of death with the registrar and securing a burial or removal permit prior to any disposi- tion of the body. He shall obtain the personal and statistical particu- lars required from the person best qualified to supply them over the signature and address of his informant. He shall then present the cer- tificate to the attending physician, if any, or to the health officer or coroner, as directed by the registrar, for the medical certificate of the cause of death and other particulars necessary to complete the record, as specified in section eight. And he shall then state the facts required relative to the date and place of burial over his signature and with his address, and present the completed certificate to the registrar within the time limit, if any, designated by the local board of health for the issu- ance of a burial or removal permit. The undertaker shall deliver the burial permit to the sexton or person in charge of the place of burial before interring the body, or attach the removal permit to the box con- taining the corpse, when shipped by any transportation company, to accompany same to destination, when it shall be accepted by the sexton as authority for the interment of the body. 15 Sec. ii. If the interment or other disposition of the body is to be made in the registration district in which the death occurred, the word- ing of the burial permit may be limited to a statement by the registrar, and over his signature, that a satisfactory certificate of death having been filed with him as required by law, permission is granted to inter, remove, or otherwise dispose of the body of the deceased, stating the name, age, sex, cause of death and other necessary details upon the form prescribed by the state registrar. But in case the interment or other disposition of the body is to be made in some registration district other than that in which the death occurred, a complete copy of the certificate of death shall be attached to and made a part of the permit. SEC. i2. No sexton or person in charge of any premises in which interments are made shall inter or permit the interment of any body unless it is accompanied by a burial, removal, or transit permit as herein provided. And each sexton or person in charge of any burial ground shall indorse upon the permit the date of interment, over his signature, and shall return all permits, so indorsed, to the local registrar of his district within ten days from the date of interment, or within the time fixed by the local board of health. He shall also keep a record of all interments made in the premises under his charge, stating the name of the deceased person, place of death, date of burial, and name and address of the undertaker, which record shall at all times be open to public inspection. SEC. 13. It shall be the duty of the attending physician or midwife to file a certificate of birth, properly and completely filled out, giving all of the particulars required by this act, with the local registrar of the district in which the birth occurred, within three days after the date of birth. And if there be no attending physician or midwife, then it shall be the duty of the father of the child, householder or owner of the premises, manager or superintendent of public or private institution in which the birth occurred, to file said certificate of birth with the local registrar within three days after the birth. SEC. 14. The certificate of birth shall be of the standard form recom- mended by the Bureau of the Census, and shall contain the following items: (1) Place of birth, including state, county, township or town, village or city. If in a city, the ward, street, and house number. If in a hos- pital or other institution, the name of the same to be given instead of the street and house number. (2) Full name of child. If the child dies without a name before the certificate is filed, enter the words "died unnamed.'' If the living child has not been named at the date of filing the certificate of birth, the space for "full name of child'' is to be left blank, to be filled out subsequently by a supplemental report as hereinafter provided. (3) Sex of child. 16 (4) Whether a twin, triplet, or other plural birth. A separate certifi- cate shall be required for each child in a case of plural birth, giving number of child in order of birth. (5) Whether legitimate or illegitimate. (6) Full name of father. (7) Residence of father. (8) Color or race of father. (9) Birthplace of father. (10) Age of father at last birthday, in years. (11) Occupation of father. (12) Maiden name of mother, in full. (13) Residence of mother. (14) Color or race of mother. (15) Birthplace of mother. (16) Age of mother at last birthday, in years. (17) Occupation of mother. (18) Number of child of this mother, and number of children of this mother now living. (19) Certificate of attending physician or midwife as to attendance at birth, including statement of year, month, day, and hour of birth, and whether the child was alive or dead at birth. This certificate shall be signed by the attending physician or midwife, with date of signature and address. If there was no physician or midwife in attendance, then the father of the child, householder or owner of the premises, or manager or superintendent of public or private institution, or other competent person whose duty it shall become to file the certificate of birth as required by section thirteen of this act, shall draw a line through the words "I hereby certify that I attended the birth of above child," and shall write in lieu thereof the words ''no physician or midwife," filling out the remainder of the certificate in regard to the year, month, day, and hour of birth, and signing the certificate as father, householder, owner of premises, manager or superintendent of institution, as the case may be, with his address. (20) Exact date of filing in office of local registrar, attested by his official signature and registered number of birth, as hereinafter pro- vided. All certificates, either of birth or death, shall be written legibly in unfading black ink, and no certificate shall be held to be complete and correct that does not supply all of the items of information called for therein or satisfactorily account for their omission. SEC. 15. When any certificate of birth of a living child is presented without statement of the given name, then the local registrar shall make out and deliver to the informant a special blank for the supplemental report of the given name of the child, which shall be filled out as directed and returned to the registrar as soon as the child shall be named. The original certificate of birth shall not be considered complete until T7 the supplemental report is filed or the blank returned with the state- ment " died unnamed." Sec. i6. Every physician, midwife, and undertaker shall, without delay, register his or her name, address, and occupation with the local registrar of the district in which he or she resides, or may hereafter establish a residence, and shall thereupon be supplied by the local regis- trar with a copy of this act, together with such rules and regulations as may be prepared by the state registrar relative to its enforcement. Within thirty days after the close of each calendar year, each local registrar shall make a return to the state registrar of all physicians and midwives who have been registered in his district during the whole or any part of the preceding calendar year, and in certifying names for pay- ment for certificates of birth filed,1 the state registrar shall not include any physicians or midwives who have not complied with the require- ments of this section: Provided, That no fee or other compensation shall be charged by local registrars to physicians, midwives, or undertakers for registering their names under this section, or making returns thereof to the state registrar. Sec. 17. All superintendents or managers or other persons in charge of hospitals, lying-in or other institutions, public or private, to which persons resort for treatment of disease, confinement, or are committed by process of law, are hereby required to make a record of all of the personal and statistical particulars relative to the inmates in their institutions at the date of approval of this act that are required in the form of certificate herein provided for, as directed by the state registrar. And thereafter such record shall be by them made for all future inmates at the time of admission. And in case of persons admitted or committed for medical treatment of disease the physician in charge shall specify, for entry in the record, the nature of the disease and where, in his opinion, it was contracted. The personal particulars and information required by this section shall be obtained from the individual himself, if it is practicable to do so, and when they can not be so obtained they shall be secured in as complete a manner as possible from the relatives, friends, or other persons acquainted with the facts. Sec. 18. [Provision for payment for return of births omitted. See note to section seven, Form A, page 9. That section may be inserted here if such payment is considered desirable.] Sec. 19. The state registrar shall prepare, print, and supply to all registrars all blanks and forms used in registering, recording, and pre- serving the returns, or in otherwise carrying out the purposes of this act, and shall prepare and issue such detailed instructions as may be required to secure the uniform observance of its provisions and the main- tenance of a perfect system of registration. And no other blanks shall 1 See note on payment for return of births, page 9. 18 be used than those supplied by the state registrar. He shall carefully examine the certificates received monthly from the local registrars, and if any such are incomplete or unsatisfactory he shall require such further information to be furnished as may be necessary to make the record complete and satisfactory. And all physicians, midwives, informants, or undertakers connected with any case, and all other persons having knowledge of the facts, are hereby required to furnish such information as they may possess regarding any birth or death, upon demand of the state registrar, in person, by mail, or through the local registrar. He shall further arrange, bind, and permanently preserve the certificates in a systematic manner, and shall prepare and maintain a comprehensive and continuous card index of all births and deaths registered, the cards to show the name of child or deceased, place and date of birth or death, number of certificate, and the volume in which it is contained. He shall inform all registrars what diseases are to be considered as infec- tious, contagious, or communicable and dangerous to the public health, as decided by the state board of health, in order that when deaths occur from such diseases proper precautions may be taken to prevent the spreading of dangerous diseases. SEC. 20. That it shall be the duty of the local registrar to supply blank forms of certificates to such persons as require them. And he shall carefully examine each certificate of birth or death when presented for record to see that it has been made out in accordance with the pro- visions of this act and the instructions of the state registrar, and if any certificate of death is incomplete or unsatisfactory it shall be his duty to call attention to the defects in the return and to withhold issuing the burial or removal permit until they are corrected. If the certificate of death is properly executed and complete, he shall then issue a burial or removal permit to the undertaker: Provided, That in case the death occurred from some disease that is held by the state board of health to be infectious, contagious, or communicable and dangerous to the public health, no permit for the removal or other disposition of the body shall be granted by the registrar except under such conditions as may be pre- scribed by the state and local boards of health. If a certificate of birth is incomplete he shall immediately notify the informant and require him to supply the missing items if they can be obtained. He shall then num- ber consecutively the certificates of birth and of death in two separate series, beginning with ' ' number one ' ' for the first birth and the first death in each calendar year, and sign his name as registrar in attest of the date of filing in his office. He shall also make a complete and accurate copy of each birth and death certificate registered by him, upon a form identi- cal with the original certificate, to be filed and permanently preserved in his office as the local record of such death, in such manner as directed by the state registrar. And he shall, on the fifth day of each month, transmit to the state registrar all original certificates registered by him during the preceding month. And if no births or no deaths occurred in T9 any month he shall, on the fifth day of the following month, report that fact to the state registrar in such manner as the state registrar shall direct. SEC. 2i. Each local registrar shall be entitled to be paid the sum of [twenty-five] cents for each birth and each death certificate properly and completely made out and registered with him, and correctly copied and duly returned by him to the state registrar, as required by this act: Provided, That in cities in which the city clerk or health officer, acting as registrar, receives a fixed salary in lieu of fees no further compensa- tion shall be paid for the duties required by this act. And in case no births or no deaths were registered during any month, the local registrar shall be entitled to be paid the suln of [twenty-five] cents for each report to that effect promptly made in accordance with the directions of the state registrar. All amounts payable to registrars under provisions of this section shall be paid by the treasurer of the county in which the registration districts are located upon certification by the state registrar. And the state registrar shall annually certify to the treasurers of the several counties the number of births and deaths registered, with the names of the local registrars and the amounts due each at the rates fixed herein. Sec. 22. The state registrar shall, upon request, furnish any appli- cant a certified copy of the record of any birth or death registered under provisions of this act, for the making and certification of which he shall be entitled to a fee of [fifty] cents, to be paid by the applicant. And any such copy of the record of a birth or death, when properly certified by the state registrar to be a true copy thereof, shall be prima facie evi- dence in all courts and places of the facts therein stated. For any search of the files and records, when no certified copy is made, the state registrar shall be entitled to a fee of [fifty] cents for each hour or frac- tional hour of time of search, to be paid by the applicant. And the state registrar shall keep a true and correct account of all fees by him received under these provisions, and turn the same over to the state treasurer. Sec. 23.1 If any physician who was in medical attendance upon any deceased person at the time of death shall neglect or refuse to make out and deliver to the undertaker, sexton, or other person in charge of the interment, removal, or other disposition of the body, upon request, the medical certificate of cause of death hereinbefore provided for, he shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not less than five dollars nor more than fifty dollars. And if any physician shall willfully or knowingly make a false certification of the cause of death in any case, he shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not less than fiftv dollars nor more than two hundred dollars. 'See note on page 21, relative to penalties in the shape of fines. 20 And any physician or midwife in attendance upon a case of confine- ment, or any other person charged with responsibility for reporting births, in the order named in section thirteen of this act, who shall neg- lect or refuse to file a proper certificate of birth with the local registrar within the time required by this act, shall be deemed guilty of a misde- meanor, and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not less than five dollars nor more than fifty dollars. And if any undertaker, sexton, or other person acting as undertaker shall inter, remove, or otherwise dispose of the body of any deceased person without having received a burial or removal permit as herein provided, he shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon con- viction thereof, shall be fined not less than twenty dollars nor more than one hundred dollars. And any registrar, deputy registrar, or subregistrar who shall neglect or fail to enforce the provisions of this act in his district, or shall neglect or refuse to perform any of the- duties imposed upon him by this act or by the instructions and directions of the state registrar, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not less than ten dollars nor more than one hundred dollars. And any person who shall willfully alter any certificate of birth or death, or the copy of any certificate of birth or death, on file in the office of the local registrar, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon con- viction thereof, shall be fined not less than ten dollars nor more than one hundred dollars or be imprisoned in the county jail not exceeding sixty days, or suffer both fine and imprisonment, in the discretion of the court. And any other person or persons who shall violate any of the pro- visions of this act, or shall willfully neglect or refuse to perform any duties imposed upon them by the provisions of this act. shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not less than five dollars nor more than one hundred dollars. And any transportation company or common carrier transporting or carrying, or accepting through its agents or employees for transportation or carriage, the body of any deceased person without an accompanying permit issued in accordance with the provisions of this act shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not less than fifty dollars nor more than two hundred dollars: Pro- vided, That in case the death occurred outside of the state and the body is accompanied by a certificate of death, burial, or removal, or transit permit issued in accordance with the law or board of health regulations in force where the death occurred, such death certificate, burial, or removal, or transit permit may be held to authorize the transportation or carriage of the body into or through the state. SEC. 24. Local registrars are hereby charged with the strict and thorough enforcement of the provisions of this act in their districts, 21 under the supervision and direction of the state registrar. And they shall make an immediate report to the state registrar of any violations of this law coming to their notice by observation or upon complaint of any person, or otherwise. The state registrar is hereby charged with the thorough and efficient execution of the provisions of this act in every part of the state, and with supervisory power over local registrars to the end that all of the requirements shall be uniformly complied with. He shall have authority to investigate cases of irregularity or violation of law, personally or by accredited representative, and all registrars shall aid him, upon request, in such investigations. When he shall deem it necessary, he shall report cases of violation of any of the provisions of this act to the prosecuting attorney or official of the proper county or municipality, with a statement of the facts and circumstances, and when any such case is reported to them by the state registrar, all prosecuting attorneys, or officials acting in such capacity, shall forthwith initiate and promptly follow up the necessary court proceedings against the parties responsible for the alleged violations of law. And upon request of the state registrar the attorney-general shall likewise assist in the enforce- ment of the provisions of this act. Sec. 25. All laws and parts of laws inconsistent with the provisions of this act are hereby repealed. Note.-The penalties specified in section twenty-three are generally limited to fines. They may be changed to specify an alternative of imprisonment of from thirty to sixty days, or both fine and imprisonment, at discretion of the court, if this is considered desirable. It is suggested that, if practicable, fines collected for viola- tions of this law should be credited to the funds available for paying expenses of registration FORM C: CONDENSED LAW FOR REGISTRATION OF BIRTHS AND DEATHS Section i. That for the complete and proper registration of births and deaths, for legal, sanitary, and statistical purposes, there shall be, and hereby is, created and established a state bureau of vital statistics, to be under the immediate superintendence of a state registrar, who shall be a competent medical practitioner and vital-statistician, and who shall be appointed by the governor, by and with the advice and consent of the senate. And within thirty days from the date of taking effect of this act the governor shall appoint a state registrar, as herein provided. The term of office of the state registrar shall be four years from the first day of January of the year in which he is appointed. Sec. 2. The state registrar shall receive an annual salary of [twenty- five hundred] dollars. And he may employ such clerical and other assistants as are necessary for the proper performance of the duties of the office. And he is hereby empowered to make, promulgate, and enforce such rules and regulations as he may consider necessary to carry out the provisions of this act. 22 Sec. 3. That for the purposes of this act the state shall be divided into registration districts as follows: Each incorporated village and city, and each township, exclusive of any incorporated village or city, shall constitute a primary registration district. SEC. 4. That the clerk of each township, village, or city shall be the local registrar in and for the township, village, or city of which he is clerk, and he shall perform all the duties of local registrar, as hereinafter provided: Provided," That in cities where health officers at the date of this act are officiating as registrars of deaths under local ordinances, such health officers shall be continued as registrars in and for such cities. And when it may appear necessary for the convenience of the people in any township, the local registrar is hereby authorized, with the approval of the state registrar, to appoint one or more suitable and proper persons to act as subregistrars, who shall be authorized to receive certificates and to issue burial or removal permits in and for such portions of the township as may be designated. Sec. 5. That all births in the state shall be immediately registered in the districts in which they occur, as hereinafter provided. Sec. 6. That the body of any person whose death occurs in the state shall not be interred, or otherwise disposed of, or removed from or into any registration district until a permit for burial or removal shall have been properly issued by the registrar of the district in which the death occurs. And no such burial or removal permit shall be issued by any registrar until a complete and satisfactory certificate of the death has been filed with him, as hereinafter provided. Stillborn children, or those dead at birth, shall be registered as births and also as deaths, and a certificate of both the birth and the death shall be filed in the usual manner. SEC. 7. That the forms of certificates employed in registering births and deaths under this act shall be the standard forms recommended by the Bureau of the Census and the American Public Health Association. Sec. 8. That the undertaker, or person acting as undertaker, shall be responsible for obtaining and filing the certificate of death with the registrar, and securing a burial or removal permit prior to any disposi- tion of the body. He shall obtain the personal and statistical particu- lars required from the person best qualified to supply them, and present the certificate to the attending physician for the medical certificate of the cause of death, and he shall then present the completed certificate to the registrar to secure the burial or removal permit. The undertaker shall deliver the burial permit to the sexton, or person in charge of the place of burial, before interring the body. The medical certificate shall be made and signed by the physician, if any, last in attendance on the deceased, who shall specify the time in attendance, the time he last saw the deceased alive, and the hour of the day at which death occurred. 23 And the cause of death, and all other facts required, shall in all cases be stated in accordance with the rules and regulations of the state registrar. Sec. 9. In case of any death occurring without medical attendance, it shall be the duty of the undertaker to notify the registrar of such death, and, when so notified, the registrar shall inform the local health officer or coroner and refer the case to him for immediate investigation and certification prior to issuing the permit. Sec. io. The certificate of birth shall be made and filed by the attend- ing physician or midwife within three days after the date of birth. And if there be no attending physician or midwife, then it shall be the duty of the father of the child, householder or owner of the premises, or the head of the hospital or institution in which the birth occurred, to make and file the certificate within three days after birth. And if the child has not been named at the time the certificate is filed, such supplemental report shall be made as may be required under the rules and regulations of the state registrar. Sec. 11. No sexton or person in charge of any premises in which interments are made shall inter or permit the interment of any body unless it is accompanied by a burial permit as herein provided. And he shall indorse upon the permit the date of interment, over his signature, and return all permits to the local registrar of his district within ten days from the date of interment. He shall also keep a record of all inter- ments made in the premises under his charge, stating the name of the deceased person, place of death, date of burial, and name and address of the undertaker, which record shall at all times be open to public inspection. Sec. 12. The state registrar shall prepare, print, and supply to all registrars all blanks and forms used in registering, recording, and pre- serving the returns or in otherwise carrying out the purposes of this act, and shall prepare and issue such rules and regulations as may be required to secure the uniform observance of its provisions and the main- tenance of a perfect system of registration. He shall arrange, bind, and permanently preserve the certificates in a systematic manner, and shall prepare and maintain a comprehensive and continuous card index of all births and deaths registered. He shall inform all registrars what dis- eases are to be considered as infectious, contagious, or communicable, and dangerous to the public health, as decided by the state board of health, in order that when deaths occur from such diseases proper pre- cautions may be taken to prevent the spreading of dangerous diseases. And he shall annually certify to the treasurers of the several counties the number of births and deaths registered, and the names of the local registrars, with the amounts due each, at the rate fixed herein.1 SEC. 13. That every physician, midwife, and undertaker shall without 1 See note to section 7, Form A, page 9, as to payment of individuals for report- ing births. 24 delay register his or her name, address, and occupation with the local registrar of the district in which he or she resides, or may hereafter acquire residence, and shall thereupon be furnished by the registrar a copy of this act, and such rules and regulations as may be prepared by the state registrar relative to its enforcement. SEC. 14. All superintendents or managers, or other persons in charge of hospitals or lying-in institutions, public or private, to which persons resort for treatment of disease, confinement, or are committed by process of law, are hereby required to make a record of all the personal and statistical particulars relative to the inmates in their institutions at the date of approval of this act, that are required in the form of certificate herein provided for, as directed by the state registrar. And thereafter such records shall be by them made, for all future inmates, at the time of admission. Sec. 15. That each local registrar shall be entitled to be paid the sum of [twenty-five] cents for each birth and each death certificate completely and properly made out and filed with him, to be paid by the treasurer of the county upon certification by the state registrar. He shall supply blank forms of certificates to such persons as require them, and shall carefidly examine the certificates presented for record and require them to be properly made out. And he shall keep such records and make such returns to the state bureau as may be required by the rules and regulations of the state registrar. SEC. 16.1 That if any attending physician shall refuse or neglect to make the medical certificate of death herein required of him, he shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not less than five dollars nor more than fifty dollars. And if any physician shall willfully or knowingly make a false certification of the cause of death in any case he shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not less than fifty dollars nor more than two hundred dollars. And any physician or midwife, or any other person charged with responsibility for reporting births, in the order named in section ten of this act, who shall refuse or neglect to make out and file the certificate of birth herein required, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not less than five dollars nor more than fifty dollars. And any undertaker, sexton, or other person who shall inter, remove, or otherwise dispose of the body of any deceased person, without the permit herein provided for, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not less than twenty dollars nor more than one hundred dollars. And any registrar who shall neglect or fail to enforce the provisions" 1 See note to section 23, Form B, page 21, as to penalties in the shape of fines. 25 of this act in his district, or shall refuse or neglect to perform any of the duties imposed upon him by this act or by the rules and regulations of the state registrar, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not less than ten dollars nor more than one hundred dollars. And any other person or persons who shall violate any of the pro- visions of this act, or any of the rules and regulations formulated there- under by the state registrar, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not less than five dollars nor more than one hundred dollars. Sec. 17. Local registrars are hereby charged with the strict and thorough enforcement of the provisions of this act in their districts, under the supervision and direction of the state registrar. And they shall make an immediate report to the state registrar of any violations of this law coming to their notice by observation or upon complaint of any person or otherwise. The state registrar is hereby charged with the thorough and efficient execution of the provisions of this act in every part of the state, and with supervisory power over local registrars, to the end that all of the requirements shall be uniformly complied with. He shall have authority to investigate cases of irregularity or violation of law, personally or by accredited representative, and all registrars shall aid him, upon request, in such investigations. When he shall deem it necessary he shall report cases of violation of any of the provisions of this act to the prosecuting attorney or official of the proper county or municipality, with a statement of the facts and circumstances, and when any such case is reported to them by the state registrar all prosecuting attorneys or officials acting in such capacity shall forthwith initiate and promptly follow up the necessary court proceedings against the parties responsible for the alleged violations of law. And upon request of the state registrar the attorney-general shall likewise assist in the enforce- ment of the provisions of this act. Sec. 18. All laws and parts of laws inconsistent with the provisions of this act are hereby repealed. INFORMATION FOR REGISTRATION OFFICIALS STRICT ENFORCEMENT OF LAW ESSENTIAL The suggestion that laws for the registration of births and deaths should be enacted by each of the states presupposes that public policy demands and public opinion will support the rigid enforcement of such laws, the object being to secure the proper return of every birth and every death-not merely such as may be voluntarily returned without recourse to the compulsory provisions. Unless these conditions exist, the suggested legislation should be postponed until its necessity is clearly recognized and its enactment justified. When the law is sufficiently specific in its provisions, and provides adequate penalties that can be enforced by the courts for the violation of any of them, the responsibility for failure to secure complete and proper returns must rest upon the administrative officials. These should be and are, in the form of law presented, held to an exact performance of every official duty under similar penalties for neglect. The principal reason for the failure of complete registration in some of the states and cities which now have adequate laws lies in the fact that the officials for various reasons are disinclined to coerce delinquents, thereby putting a premium upon delinquency and participating in the offense. The great majority of local registrars will perform their duties faithfully and well when properly instructed and supervised, and the great majority of physicians, undertakers, midwives, and other persons primarily responsible for making the returns will cheerfully conform to the requirements, and need no coercion. There will always be, however, a small minority who recognize no obligations and perform no duties that they are not compelled to. It is these persons who make trouble, create deficiencies in the returns, and impair the value of the records. It is from this class of persons that returns are hardest to get and most neces- sary to obtain, and it is against them that the compulsory features of the law are directed. If existing laws do not vest in the officials the authority to demand and the power to secure proper returns, they should be amended in such particulars. The form of law (Form B) for the registration of births and deaths given on pages n to 21 provides for the immediate registration of both; specifies the facts to be stated to constitute a complete and satisfac- tory return; prohibits the removal or burial of any corpse without author- (26) 27 ity of a properly issued permit, based upon a satisfactory certificate of the death; imposes the obligation upon physicians, midwives, undertakers, and others to make proper returns in each and every case; makes it the duty of the local registrar to see that each certificate meets all the require- ments of the law and to initiate proceedings against any person neglect- ing or refusing to make the returns required of him; makes it the duty of the state registrar to see that local registrars discharge all their duties in a proper manner, and provides penalties for violation of its provisions by any person charged with any responsibility thereunder. Complete success can be achieved only by a strict enforcement of the law. THE STANDARD CERTIFICATE OF BIRTH The Standard Certificate of Birth, a copy of which accompanies this circular, was prepared by the Committee on Demography of the Ameri- can Public Health Association and is exactly adaptable to the same sys- tem of recording, filing, and treatment for statistical and other purposes as the Standard Certificate of Death. It is somewhat smaller than the standard certificate of death, being 6 by 8 inches, including i-incli margin for binding, so that the size distinguishes it immediately from the certificate of death. Where both forms of certificates are being constantly received and are given separate serial numbers and must be assorted for filing, the difference in size facilitates the processes and prevents confusion. The certificate exhibits the order and arrangement of the details which the law requires to be stated for each birth, as given below. Place of birth.-Under the state system of registration provided by the law, the certificate is printed and supplied by the state registrar and is to be used in all parts of the state. The " place of birth," therefore, means the registration district in which the birth occurs and is recorded. This is indicated by the name of the county, town or township, city or village, corresponding to such district. Only one of these need be given. If the birth occurred in a city, the street, house number, and ward should be stated, and if it occurred in a hospital or other institution, the name of the institution should be given instead of the street and number. The exact place of birth is important for every purpose. Full name of child.-This is necessary for identification. If the given name has not been selected at the time of the return, provision is made for securing it through a supplemental report. Sex of child.-Male or female. Plural births.-If one of twins, triplets, or other plural birth, the fact is to be stated. In all such cases a separate certificate is required for each child, and its number in the order of delivery at birth must be stated. Matters that are most important to the individual sometimes turn upon the question of precedence in case of plural births, and in such cases 28 each certificate should furnish the evidence that the specified child was first, second, or third, etc., as the case may be. Legitimacy.-The question should be answered by writing "yes" or " no." Date of birth.-Give the month, day, and year, as called for. In addition, the certificate of the physician or midwife will show the exact time of day. Information concerning father of child.- The full name, place of resi- dence, color, age, and occupation of the father are equally essential. Under "birthplace," the exact place of birth should be stated, if known. Only state or country are essential for statistical purposes, but for estab- lishing the identity of the father and the relationship of the individual to others, through him, the most exact information will best serve this purpose. Information concerning mother of child.-The same details are required concerning the mother as the father, except that her full maiden name should be given instead of her name by marriage. In addition to these facts two items are included for statistical purposes: First, number of child of this mother, and, second, number of children of this mother now living. These items are independent of the existing marriage, and should include all children by a former husband. The first will indicate the total number of children borhe by the mother, up to and including the one to whom the certificate relates. The second will specify how many out of that number were living at the time the reported birth occurred. Certificate of attending physician or midwife.-The fact of attendance and the exact time of birth should be certified to by signature of the physician or midwife, and his or her address stated. If there was no physician or midwife in attendance, the certificate should be made by the next responsible person in the order specified in the law. IMPORTANCE OF DETAILS REQUIRED Every detail called for by the standard certificate has a specific use in one or other of the purposes of registration and should be supplied as accurately as possible. It will be clearly apparent that when evidence is required from these records to establish age, identity, relationship, or descent, as affecting the rights or duties of individuals, these purposes will be properly served only when the record is correct and complete, and accuracy is equally essential for all other purposes. methods of practice The system of making and keeping returns of births is the same as that outlined for returns of deaths in the pamphlet on practical registra- tion methods. Its basis is a uniform state registration service, with a central office under a state registrar, which supplies the material, formu- 29 lates rules, regulations, and instructions for carrying out the law, and receives the original certificates transmitted monthly by the local regis- trars. The local record of the birth consists of an exact copy of the original certificate, made upon an identical form. Where this system is employed no book record is required, and to keep one is just so much unnecessary labor. When a certificate of birth is filed with the local registrar he should carefully examine it to see that it is correct and complete. If found satisfactory, the date of filing should be entered and the fact attested by signature of the registrar. (In places where the number of returns is large, an official dating stamp may be used for this purpose.) The cer- tificate should then be given its proper serial number (registered number) and filed. If the child has not been named at the time the certificate is filed, the supplemental report, a copy of which also accompanies this circular, should be handed to the person presenting the certificate, with instruc- tions to fill the blank spaces and return it as soon as the child is named. It is essential that each supplemental report be identified with the original certificate in the same case, and to insure this the items neces- sary to connect the two should invariably be inserted by the registrar before giving out the form. These items are indicated by the asterisk (*) in the form itself. Incomplete returns of this kind-that is those awaiting the supple- mental report containing the given name-should be kept separate from the regular file, until such supplemental report is received, when the given name should be written in upon the original certificate, and the addition attested by entry of the fact and date, over the signature of the registrar, in the space provided at the bottom of the blank. The supplemental report should, in each case, be attached to the original to make the record complete. This can best be done by apply- ing a small quantity of paste on the binding end of the supplemental return (printed side) and attaching it to the back of the original return. If the supplemental returns are so attached alternately, to the top and bottom half of the originals, they will bind in smoothly, without ' ' bunching. ' ' A case should be provided with one or more drawers about 8% inches wide by 6% inches deep for filing the certificates until bound. One drawer should be reserved for current records, those awaiting supple- mental reports being filed at the back, and separated by a division card, headed ' ' awaiting supplemental returns. ' ' The current returns, to be sent to the state registrar, may be copied from time to time, as opportunity offers, and as each is copied it should be checked by some distinctive sign to indicate that the copy for the local records has been made. The copies of the certificates forming the local records should be bound when they accumulate in sufficient 30 quantity. Five hundred of these make a small and compact volume, about 2 inches thick, and 80,000 of them, when bound, require only shelf room afforded by a space of 3 by 5 feet. The bound volumes may be indexed in the same way as those con- taining the records of deaths, described in the pamphlet on practical registration methods. ADVANTAGES OF UNIFORMITY The advantage of uniform certificates and methods in all parts of the same state will be at'once appreciated, and a little consideration will make it clear that a uniform system in all states will be equally advantageous. The law requires that each birth or death shall be registered in the district where it occurs, and if, as frequently happens, the event occurs when the parents or the individual were away from home, good practice and the interests of the people also require that the birth or death shall also be recorded at the place of residence, if known, as this is generally the first point of inquiry of parties seeking information or evidence from the records. The law provides that in case of removal of a corpse an exact copy of the certificate of death shall be attached to and form a part of the permit, to be returned to and filed by the registrar of the district in which inter- ment is made, which is usually the "home district" of the decedent, and it is suggested that an exact copy of the certificate of birth be sent to the home district of the parents when the birth occurs elsewhere, whether in the same or some other state. If each state maintains a similar system of registration and adopts the standard certificate, as recommended, this plan will result in a com- plete record in both places. The duplication of the cases in the various uses to which the records may be put can be easily and effectively guarded against by having the copy sent to the home district made on different colored paper-say light blue. These copies would be of the same size and form as the original return, and can be arranged, filed, and bound with the other certificates for the local record, and simply passed over in making returns to the state registrar. The color wall immediately distinguish ' ' outside ' ' from ' ' local ' ' cases. The practice of forwarding copies of records from place of occurrence to place of residence is followed in some of the present registration states, and it is only necessary that there shall be an exact uniformity of size and a similar distinction of color to make the interchange of records perfectly adaptable everywhere. CHECKS UPON THE RETURN OF BIRTHS It has heretofore been very difficult to determine with any certainty the degree of completeness with which births are registered in any COPY OF ORIGINAL RETURN FOR RECORD ELSEWHERE CENSUS office: JV. B.-This return is to be received and filed, but is not to be reported to the State Registrar. This form, printed on light-blue paper, is suggested for use in making copies for record in other districts. The color will at once distinguish "outside" from "local" STANDARD CERTIFICATE OF BIRTH (state:) WRITE PLAINLY, WITH UNFADING INK-THIS IS A PERMANENT RECORD. PLACE OF BIRTH Registered No (Kegistration District) (No, St.; Ward) MARGIN RESERVED FOR BINDING. FULL NAME OF CHILD Sex of Child Twin, Triplet, or other? 1 Number and ; in order L of birth Legiti- mate? Date of birth. , 190 (Month) (Day) (Year) MOTHER FULL NAME FATHER FULL MAIDEN NAME RESIDENCE RESIDENCE COLOR AGE AT LAST BIRTHDAY COLOR AGE AT LAST BIRTHDAY BIRTHPLACE (Years) BIRTHPLACE (Years) OCCUPATION OCCUPATION Number of child of this mother Number of children, of this mother, now living CERTIFICATE OF ATTENDING PHYSICIAN OR MIDWIFE* I hereby certify that I attended the birth of this child, and that it occurred on ) 190 , at M. *H'hen there was no attending physician or midwife, then the father, householder, etc., should make this return. (Signature) (Physician or midwife) 8-334 b V. S. No. 106 Given name added from a supplemental Address report , 190 Filed , 190 REGISTRAR. 11-386 REGISTRAR. 31 locality, owing to the absence of any effective check upon the returns. Various expedients have been adopted by officials who wished to supply deficiencies and to ascertain delinquents. In some instances assessors, directory canvassers, and others have been directed to inquire concerning births in each family visited, and have perhaps been provided with lists of births registered in their districts to aid them in discovering omissions. These and other similar means may be employed when occasion offers, but they involve outside inquiry and entail considerable work and per- haps considerable expense, which is not always permitted by the funds available. The greatest part of the deficiency in the registration of births is probably due to the neglect of certain physicians and midwives to report all or any of their cases. If such delinquents can be located and made to conform to the law, this kind of deficiency can be overcome, and, with the requirement of immediate registration, which forms the distinctive feature of the law presented, it will be quite possible to do this with but a small amount of work entirely inside the office. The greatest mortality occurs among infants and very young children, whose deathswill usually be reported. Of 1,000 children born, from 150 to 250, according to locality and character of population, die before reaching one year of age, and unless the birth and death occur simul- taneously, the record of the birth should precede that of the death. If, then, when the death is reported of any child-say under one year of age-reference is made to the record of births, and it is found that there is no corresponding certificate of birth on file, inquiry can at once be made and the responsibility for failure to return the birth fixed. The proportion of infants dying soon after birth is so large that a systematic checking of the birth returns by the record of deaths will inevitably expose those physicians and midwives who continually neglect to report births, and without any annoyance to those who report them promptly and properly. When found, they should first be reminded, then warned, and if they persist in neglecting to make returns, they should be prosecuted to the full extent of the law. CENSUS PAMPHLETS RELATING TO VITAL STATISTICS No. 100. Legislative Requirements for Registration of Vital Statistics. No. ioi. Practical Registration Methods. No. 102. Relation of Physicians to Mortality Statistics. No. 103. Medical Education in Vital Statistics. No. 104. Registration of Births and Deaths. No. 105. Statistical Treatment of Causes of Death. No. 106. Extension of the Registration Area for Births and Deaths. Manual of International Classification of Causes of Death. Note.-Pamphlets in this list may be obtained upon application to the Director of the Census. 32 o COPY OF ORIGINAL RETURN FOR RECORD ELSEWHERE This form, printed on light-blue paper, is suggested for use in making copies for record in other districts. The color will at once distinguish "outside" from "local" cases. CENSUS OFFICE STANDARD CERTIFICATE OF- DEATH (STATE) PLACE OF DEATH Registered No. MARGIN RESERVED F" O R BINDING. WRITE PLAINLY, WITH UNFADING INK-THIS IS A PERMANENT RECORD. N. B.-This return is to be received, and filed, but is not to be reported to the State Registrar. (No. St. Ward) (Registration District) FULL NAME PERSONAL AN/) STATISTICAL PARTICULARS MEDICAL CERTIFICATE OF DEATH SEX COLOR DATE OF DEATH DATE OF BIRTH (Month) (Day) 190- (Year) (Month) (Day) (Year) I HEREBY CERTIFY, That I attended deceased from AGE 190 to 190 years, months, days that I last saw h alive on 190 , and that death occurred, on the date stated above, at M. The CAUSE OF DEATH was as follows: SINGLE, MARRIED, WIDOWED, OR DIVORCED BIRTHPLACE (State or country) NAME OF FATHER BIRTHPLACE OF FATHER (State or country) (duration) DAYS MAIDEN NAME OF MOTHER Contributory (duration) DAYS BIRTHPLACE OF MOTHER (State or country) - M. D. SPECIAL INFORMATION only for Hospitals, Institutions, Transients, or Recent Residents. 190 (Address OCCUPATION THE ABOVE STATED PERSONAL PARTICULARS ARE TRUE TO THE BEST OF MY KNOWLEDGE AND BELIEF. Farmer or Usual Resident Where was disease contracted, if not at place of death ? . How long at Place of Death ? Days (Informant) (Address) PLACE OF BURIAL OR REMOVAL DATE OF BURIAL 8-209 a V. S. No. 107 ! r-t Filed UNDERTAKER ADDRESS 190 190 Registrar