CROMWELL 
HALL 
SANATORIUM 
• FOR 
NERVOUS DISEASES • • 
Cromwell, by Middletown, Connecticut 
Established 1877 
Resident Physicians 
Winthi-op Bailey Hallock, M. D. 
Frank Kirkwood Hallock, M. D. RAND AVERY SUPPLY CO., ENGP'S, BOSTON | 
CROMWELL’S CONNECTIONS CROMWELL HALL 
Sanatorium for Nervous Diseases. 
CromvEU HalvL occupies 
. ...... .. 
an elevated situation on the 
T ~ 
Location. 
southern slope of Prospect Hill, in the 
Town of Cromwell, formerly called Up- 
per Middletown, or Middletown Upper 
Houses. It is pleasantly located one mile 
from the Connedticut river, at the head 
of the village park and conveniently re- 
moved from neighboring houses. The site 
of the institution is noted for commanding 
extensive views of the Connedticut river val- 
ley. David Dudley Field, in an address at 
the Second Centennial Anniversary of Mid- 
dletown, in 1850, said: “The elder President 
Adams, in a journey in the month of June, 
1771, struck the Connedticut river at En- 
field, and passed down through Windsor and 4 
Hartford to Wethersfield, admiring the val- 
ley on the way, and saying when at the last 
place: ‘This is the finest ride in America, I 
believe; nothing can exceed the beauty and 
fertility of the country. ’ But when he had 
passed on to Prospedl Hill in Upper Middle- 
town, and the river for miles opened before 
him, with the intervals and improvements on 
both sides, with the luxuriant crops ripening 
for harvest, the body of this town, and the 
mountains in the distance, he was enrap- 
tured, and said: ‘Middletown, I think, is 
the most beautiful of all!’ ” 
Thc 
Buildings 
and 
Equipment* 
Thb original Hall, now 
called the Main Building, is a 
large, ©diagonal-shaped stone 
strudlure, of three stories and 
basement, with kitchen and storeroom addi- 
tions at the rear. The first floor, with the 
exception of the office and administration 
quarters, is for the general use of patients, 
and consists of a sun-room, a sitting room Main Building. East Cottage. or library, and dining room with conserva- 
tory adjoining. The chief treatment and 
examination room is also in this building, 
and there is an additional sitting room on the 
upper floor, large and pleasant, with win- 
dows looking upon the river and meadow, 
Cobalt mountain and the Portland hills to 
the east and south. This sitting room and 
the remainder of the house is reserved exclu- 
sively for female patients. Every room is 
supplied with steam heat, and on each floor 
are toilet and bath rooms. Owing to the 
eight-sided form of the building, all rooms 
for the accommodation of patients receive 
a good supply of sunshine sometime during 
the day. 
5 
The East Cottage furnishes accommoda- 
tions for men only. It has a double system 
of water closets and sanitary conveniences, 
and the rooms are so arranged as to allow 
a variety of special suite combinations. The 
Gymnasium, or amusement room, contain- 
ing a billiard table, piano, and the simpler 
gymnastic apparatus, occupies the entire 
ground floor of one portion of the building. The "West Cottage is attractively situated 
overlooking a wide range of fanning and 
woodland scenery, which stretches southward 
beyond the city of Middletown and westward 
to the Hanging Hills of Meriden. A veranda, 
glass-enclosed in winter, extends along the 
entire west and south sides of the house. 
This cottage is reserved for a single patient 
desiring separate accommodations, or for 
cases requiring special individualized treat- 
ment. 
The Branch Cottage. A portion of the 
Hall property, including a brook and pond 
representing a water-privilege, lies not quite 
two miles distant from the Main Build- 
ing, in a westerly direction. The Cottage 
here located has been used as an outing 
ground for patients during the summer 
months, and also serves as a summer resi- 
dence for the family of a patient undergoing 
treatment at the Hall. 
"The Roost." This is the name given 
to the boat-house standing on the bank of 
the Connecticut river one mile distant from the Main Building. The house stands some- 
what secluded in a belt of cottonwood trees, 
and commands fine views up and down the 
river. Unless the walk is prescribed, the 
patients are conveyed by carriage to and 
from ‘ ‘ The Roost. ’ ’ In addition to the ordi- 
nary sports of rowing, sailing and bathing, 
special attention is given to the process of 
toughening the physique by exercising with 
the body partially exposed to the direct 
action of the air and sun. 
The various buildings comprising the San- 
atorium can together furnish accommoda- 
tions for fifteen to twenty patients. The 
property includes forty-seven acres of diver- 
sified land, which yields fresh supplies of all 
country produce. The basements of all the 
buildings are light and dry, and are occupied 
by the boilers of the steam-heating equip- 
ment. The vegetable cellar and cold storage 
rooms are connected with the kitchen exten- 
sion. The stable with coachman’s house, 
and the farm barns are located at a con- 
venient distance from the Main Building. 8 
Terms /^HE' weekly charge depends upon 
the nature of the case as to the 
amount of care and treatment necessary, 
and the accommodations desired. 
Ordinarily the charge includes room, 
board, medicine, medical services and gene- 
ral nursing. 
Special nursing with or without additional 
room is extra. 
No case is received for less than one 
month. 
The rates are payable monthly, in advance. 
Four weeks constitute a month. 
The laundry is an extra charge. 
Stated terms include general riding; 
special use of horses is extra, at a moderate 
charge. 
To insure prompt delivery, direct tele- 
grams to “Dr. Hallock, Middletown.” 
Long distance telephone connections. 
Dr. W. B. Hallock may be consulted on 
the third Thursday of every month, at No. 
47 West Fiftieth Street, New York, from 
i to 4 P. M. 9 
Dr. F. K. Hallock may be consulted on 
the first Tuesday of every month, at No. 819 
Madison Avenue, New York, from 1 to 4 
p. M. 
Cromwell is easy of access 
by several divisions of the 
New York, New Haven and 
Railroad 
( 
Connections. 
Hartford Railroad, or by carriage from Mid- 
dletown, two and one-half miles distant. 
During the navigable season of the Connec- 
ticut river, the Hartford and New York 
steamers make daily landings at Cromwell. 
The Valley Division passing through Crom- 
well makes direct connection with points 
north at Hartford, with the Air Dine Divi- 
sion and Berlin Branch at Middletown, and 
with the Shore Dine Division at Saybrook. 
Cromwell is the eastern terminus of the 
Meriden, Waterbury and Connecticut River 
Branch. Express trains from New York 
and Boston via the Air Dine reach Middle- 
town without stop in two and one-half hours.  10 
A carriage will meet patients or their 
friends, due notice of their arrival being 
given in advance. A public conveyance is 
always at the Cromwell and Middletown 
stations. 
Time-tables and explicit directions how to 
reach Cromwell will be sent on application. 
Outline 
j—, 
1 reatment* 
distinctive feature of 
this Sanatorium as regards 
forms of treatment may be 
consist in the devel- 
opment of what is here commonly spoken of 
as ‘ ‘ The Program Method. ’ ’ 
By this is meant that each case is given a 
written program prescribing exaCtly what 
shall be done by or for the patient, through- 
out the entire day from the call to arise to 
the final bath or massage at bed-time. Each 
hour has its item of business, aCtive or pas- 
sive, and the patient’s daily life is planned 
and carried out, as far as can be, with a 
certain military precision and definiteness. 
This program method, so called, is not a 
new or original idea; it is simply the prin- ciple of routine which is recognized as one 
of the chief advantages of institution treat- 
ment completely developed and organized as 
a scientific system of procedure in the treat- 
ment of neurasthenia, hysteria, or any form 
of invalidism. Its chief difference from the 
common practice lies in the endeavor to turn 
to more profitable account what are too often 
waste intervals between prescribed exercises. 
The program, or guide for the patient, rep- 
resents a prescription not only for the med- 
icines, baths and exercises, but also for the 
disposal of the intervening time, as to rest- 
ing, reading, playing games, and outdoor 
life; in short, it is a prescription for the best 
possible daily life for each individual patient 
to lead. 
Providing a suitable schedule for the va- 
rious forms of nervous invalidism involves a 
careful study and examination of each case 
in respedl to temperament, habits, physical 
and mental conditions, past and present. 
And after the program is prepared it is often 
a difficult task to get the patient to coop- 
erate intelligently in the effort to carry it  12 
out. Considerable tadt and patience is ne- 
cessary to accomplish this from the fadt that 
a large proportion of the cases seeking san- 
atorium treatment have drifted, by reason 
of their long illness, into habits of weakness 
and inertia. Or, if pain has been a feature 
of their case, they have developed a variety 
of distressing bodily sensations by a species 
of mild, but sedudtive hypochondriacal rea- 
soning, which makes all effort difficult for 
them. The turning point with this class of 
patients depends first, on inspiring them 
with courage sufficient to elicit a promise to 
try, and secondly, drafting the first program 
to represent an amount of work less than 
they commonly do from day to day. In 
this way no complaint can be made of the 
amount of effort required, and whatever is 
accomplished is done according to system, 
which is the first step toward recovery. 
A further aid, and perhaps the most im- 
portant in this endeavor, is by the instruc- 
tion of the nurses to pay the closest attention 
to the discharge of the various duties of the 
day as prescribed by the schedule of their respective patients. Hence, throughout the 
Sanatorium there is to be noticed a scrupu- 
lous regard paid to working and living by a 
definite system. Thus, the spirit of observ- 
ing and obeying the program is created in 
the institution, and it becomes a law or force 
to which those who doubt or hesitate soon 
yield. The evidence of its value is to be 
seen on all sides, and the example of fellow- 
patients deriving benefit from the method 
proves the strongest kind of an incentive. 
This method is very largely educational 
in its application, as in order to enlist and 
maintain satisfactory cooperation on the part 
of the patient, it becomes necessary to give 
the respective individuals, within certain 
limits, not only a proper conception of their 
case, but also to enlighten them as to the 
theory on which their treatment is based. 
Such knowledge as this implies enables each 
patient to deal intelligently with the present 
situation, and if the graded series of pro- 
grams are adapted to the case, they will 
demonstrate in many respeCts the kind of 
a life to be lead in the future. In this  14 
particular, it is believed, consists much to 
recommend this method. The cultivation 
of hygienic habits and the training to a 
mode of living especially suited to a given 
nervous organization, is the best possible 
preparation against a future breakdown. 
The effort to reduce the patient’s life to an 
exadt system is the fundamental and guiding 
principle of all treatment here attempted. 
Hence, it follows that the various forms or 
special methods enumerated below, which 
are suitable for a given patient, are simply 
incorporated as one or more items of busi- 
ness in the particular program of that case. 
Whether conducted stridlly 
as originally taught or on some 
modified plan, this method rep- 
resents an ideal program treat- 
The 
Rest Cure. 
ment. It stands lowest, however, in the 
scale of required cooperation on the part 
of the patient. That is, the patient is 
negative—does nothing, simply relaxes as completely as possible and allows the nurse 
to do everything. On this account the Rest 
Cure is found to be the most serviceable as 
a form of treatment in cases of nervous 
exhaustion of comparatively recent develop- 
ment rather than in cases of long standing, 
unless in this latter class the degree of pros- 
tration is extreme. With some patients, 
although the nervous exhaustion is well 
marked, the quiet, isolation and forced feed- 
ing does not succeed. In such cases the 
practice is to map out a minute schedule in- 
volving alternate rest and exercise. What- 
ever the patient does, or has done, is followed 
by a stated period of rest, which, according 
to the given case, is always proportioned 
to the amount of energy expended. This 
reduction of all exercises and the trivial 
manoeuvres of the day to mathematical 
accuracy greatly increases their importance, 
and it is the means of soon showing the 
patient how the record stands between the 
amount of work that can be done and 
the amount of rest required. Then comes 
the awakened interest to change this ratio, 
15 and so, perhaps by one deep breath, or by 
one step a day, the growth in strength be- 
gins. When the degree of prostration is 
determined, the utmost care is taken to keep 
the amount of rest in excess, and by this 
precaution the process of increasing the 
amount of work is always from behind 
forward, and hence advancement is inevi- 
table. 
16 
Massaee 
and 
e j, t 
oweoisn 
movements* 
some f°rm these hygienic 
procedures are always in- 
eluded among the daily 
• r... .. , T 
exercises ot the patient. In 
cases of recent nervous dis- 
order, where it is advisable for the highest 
grade massage to be given, a first-class 
manipulator is engaged. In the majority of 
instances, however, what would be termed a 
medium grade expert, such as nearly every 
competent nurse can become, by proper in- 
struction, gives most satisfactory results. 
This last statement would be doubted by a 
professional masseur, but it is to be remem- bered that this method is only one of several 
means to an end and consequently does not 
possess the paramount importance it has 
when relied on as the chief or only source 
of benefit. The tonic or sedative effedt, as 
the case may be, is much prized by the 
patient, and its nutritional effedt upon the 
tissues of the body gives it high rank as a 
therapeutic aid. 
Thk different forms of elec- 
trical treatment are of great 
Electricity. 
service in providing a remedial agent for 
nervous invalids which is attractive and 
interesting on account of the psychical im- 
pression, as well as the more definite and 
tangible effedt on the nutrition of the mus- 
cles. The alleviation of pain and the treat- 
ment of a variety of nervous conditions 
represent the specialization of electricity, 
not only as to kinds, but also as to forms or 
methods of administration. The alternate 
contraction and relaxation of muscular tissue such as is induced by mild and judicious 
Farradization is perhaps the most important 
result to be derived from the application of 
this agent. 
18 
TTi . t 
Hydrotherapy. 
Of all hygienic methods 
for the treatment of neu. 
rasthenia and hysteria none surpasses in 
importance the use of water in some of its 
many forms of application. Its value as a 
medium for effecting body reaction, both 
local and systemic, is greater and more wide- 
spread in its operation than that of any 
other single agent. Hydrotherapy is no 
longer considered merely an aid, it is an 
absolute necessity in all extended forms of 
treatment. This is evident by a glance at 
some of its effedts. The skin, by reason of 
its increased activity, assumes an importance 
not before appreciated; the subcutaneous 
and muscular tissue feel the influence of the 
accompanying massage, or towel friction, or 
the mechanical impadt in the sprays and  19 
douches; and throughout the organism the 
functional processes of nutrition, secretion 
and excretion respond to the varying effeCt 
upon the nervous system of the more gen- 
eral application of heat and cold. 
Physical 
Exercise* 
Special attention is paid to 
this department, and one or 
more forms of body exercise 
are an inevitable part of each patient’s pro- 
gram. Deep breathing, with chest and arm 
movements, occurring at stated intervals 
throughout the day, are of great importance 
and value as a means to increase the oxida- 
tion of the blood. Aside from this physical 
benefit the morbid feelings and shades of 
depression which so commonly attend the 
nervous invalid, are directly antagonized by 
an increasing abundance of bright red blood. 
It is the routine practice whenever the body 
of a patient shows lack of development of 
the muscular or of the chest capacity, 
to institute at the proper time in the course of treatment special gymnastic training to 
remedy this defedt. 
Drug or Alcoholic Inebriety, occurring in 
persons of deficient muscular or lung capa- 
city, offers a more favorable prognosis pro- 
viding this deficiency can be corredted. The 
better quality and increased quantity of 
blood, the deeper and more capacious breath 
with its accompanying sense of resource, and 
the increased size and strength of the devel- 
oped muscles, tend to create a feeling of 
power and vigor which has no need of arti- 
ficial stimulation. 
A charadteristic feature of the diet- 
ary is the departure from the com- 
. 
mon plan of feeding nervous invalids almost 
exclusively on the highly nutritious and 
easily assimilated foods. The long contin- 
uance of this pradtice, with the lack of 
variety in food elements, and the inadtive 
condition of the alimentary tradt resulting 
from too little functional exercise, is very 
apt to confirm any existing digestive weak- West Cottage. ness and not yield satisfactory results in the 
nutrition of the nervous tissues. The plan 
here followed is to introduce very gradually 
new articles into the dietary, until finally 
the various forms of vegetable food have 
been substituted for a portion of the concen- 
trated albuminoid element. Although the 
amount of nutritive material is thus reduced, 
and more work is required of the digestive 
organs, nevertheless these very conditions, 
contrary to the common expectation, operate 
most favorably upon the process of nutrition 
and justify the belief that there is no advan- 
tage in the routine custom of giving more 
nourishment than can be assimilated. The 
principle is the same as that adopted in 
the balancing of rest and exercise, that is, 
the state of the patient determines the diet- 
ing, and as the condition improves, the 
variety and amount of the nourishment is 
increased. It is not to be understood that a 
low diet or under-feeding is advocated; on 
the contrary, this plan requires the quality 
of the food to be of the highest grade, and 
the variety exceptionally abundant. Inasmuch as all ailments 
that have assumed a chronic 
Medication* 
nature are treated by the hygienic methods, 
it follows that much of the accompanying 
medication in these cases is directed toward 
increasing the efficacy of these procedures. 
The main effort is to effect tissue changes 
throughout the body with the expectation 
that in due time the more complex nervous 
tissue will respond to the improved condition 
existing in the lower grade cells of the 
organism. Temporary symptomatic treat- 
ment, however, is always inevitable to a 
greater or less extent, and the theory that 
nervous impulses represent, at least in part, 
a chemical process, is under constant consid- 
eration, and warrants the faith in a certain 
amount of assistance to be derived from 
drugs. ANNOUNCEMENT. 
In 1877, Dp. Winthrop B. Hallock established 
Cromwell Hall—at that time the second insti- 
tution of its kind in the State—for the private 
care and treatment of nervous and mental 
diseases. Although a large proportion of the 
patients have been simply nervous and habit 
cases, yet it is only within late years that the 
number of nervous patients has increased to 
such an extent as to make it advisable to re- 
fuse admission to ail mental cases, except those 
of a very mild and unobjectionable character. 
It is the purpose now to limit the admission 
exclusively to the nervous class and continue 
the development of the institution along the 
lines indicated in the accompanying circular. 
The treatment of nervous diseases on the 
principles presented, has been practiced the last 
five years, and the results attained furnish the 
warrant for this announcement. PELTON & KING PRINT. 
MIDDLETOWN.