ESR Report of the Surgeon General's Workshop on PORNOGRAPHY and PUBLIC HEALTH June 22-24, 1986 Arlington, Virginia LER Ds Prepared by: Edward P. Mulvey, PhD Western Psychiatrie Institute and Clinic University of Pittsburgh Jeffrey L. Haugaard, MA Department of Psychology University of Virginia For Release to the Public on Monday, August 4, 1986 ‘by the Office of the Surgeon General U. S. Public Health Service ; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Washington, D.C. Tables of Contents Letter of Transmittal i Final Printed Program ii List of Participants vi Overview 1 Basic Research Problems 5 Consensus Statements 13 Future Research Agenda 39 Prevention and Intervention 47 Summary 56 References 58 Background Papers 67 (In the order they were discussed in the program) "Psychological Research and Public Policy: Taking a Long, Hard Look Before We Leap" Donn Byrne and Kathryn Kelley "Effects of Prolonged Consumption of Pornography" Dolf Zillman "Do Sexually Violent Media Indirectly Contribute to Antisocial Behavior?" Neil M. Malamuth "Effects on Juveniles of Being Used for Prostitution and Pornography" Mimi Halper Silbert "Techniques Designed to Mitigate the Impact of Mass Media Sexual Violence on Adolescents and Adults" Edward Donnerstein > * LARLY *t 4 ‘4 ont stm ae a Zz DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES The Surgeon Genera! of the Public Health Service Washington DC 20201 August 1, 1986 The Hon. Edwin Meese, III Attorney General U:S. Department of Justice Constitution Avenue and 10th Street, NW Washington, D.C, 20530 Dear Mr. Attorney General: I am pleased to transmit to you the report of the "Surgeon General's Workshop on Pornography and Public Health," which was held in Arlington, Virginia, on June 22-24. The Workshop and this report are in respose to a request from the Chair, Mr. Henry E. Hudson, and the Members of the Attorney General's Commission on Pornography that the U.S. Public Health Service provide information to the Commission on the possible effects Pornography may have upon public health. I hope the enclosed report is helpful to the work of your Department. May I add that we were extremely fortunate to have had participants at the Workshop, each of whom demonstrated throughout the intensive day and evening sessions an extraordinary degree of interest, knowledge, and collegiality. They deserve great credit and the sincere thanks of their government. In addition, a great many persons from both our Departments contributed to the planning and the ultimate success of this Workshop; however, I would like to give special acknowledgment to the following: Jo Ann Gasper, Deputy Assistant Secretary for Population Affairs, OASH Saleem Shah, PhD, Chief of the Antisocial and Violent Behaviore Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, ADAMHA; David Heppel, MD, Chief, Child/ Adolescent Primary Care Services Branch, Division of Maternal and Child Health, HRSA; Theodore O. Cron, Special Assistant to the Assistant Secretary for Health and the Surgeon General, OASH; Stephanie J. Stein, Special Assistant to the Surgeon General, OASH; Jacqueline Friedewalde, proprietor of Conference Management Associates. If the U.S. Public Health can be of any further assistance to the work of the Department of Justice in this or other matters, please let me know. Sincerely yours, C. Everett Koop, MD, DSe Surgeon General Enclosure ii SURGEON GENERAL'S WORKSHOP : JUNE 22,23, 24, 1986 ARLINGTON, VIRGINIA The Surgeon General’s Workshop on Pornography and Public Health June 22-23-24, 1986 Stouffer Concourse Hocel Arlington, Virginia AGENDA Workshop Chairperson: Alberto Serrano, MD Director. Philadelphia Child Guidance Clinic Professor. Child Psychology, University of Pennsvivania Sunday, June 22, 1986 3:00 PM REGISTRATION (Plaza level) 6:00 PM RECEPTION, Cash bar (Dewey I. Plaza level) 7:00 PM DINNER (Dewey I. Plaza level) ® Keynote and ‘Charge co the Particpanss”’ C. Everett Koop. MD Surgeon General U.S. Public Health Service * ‘Psychological Research and Public Policy: Taking a Long. Harc Look Before We Leap” Authors: Don Byrne, PhD Professor & Chairman. Department of Psychology Scace University of New York at Albany Kathryn Kelley, PhD Associate Professor, Deparemenc of Psychology Stare University of New York at Albany Discussant: Jon R. Conte, PhD Assistant Professor School of Social Service Administration University of Chicago Monday, June 23, 1986 7:30 AM BREAKFAST (Dewey I, Plaza level) © *Remarks’’ Henry Hudson Chairman Actorney General's Commission on Pornography Monday, June 23, 1986, ‘conr'd) 9:00 AM 10°30 AM 10:45 AM 12:15 PM 1:30 PM 3:00 PM 3:15 PM 4:45 PM 6:30 PM OPENING PLENARY SESSION (Jarnes Room. Lobby level) * “Effects of Prolonged Consumption of Pornography” Author: Dolf Zillman, PhD. Professor : Insticuce for Communications Research, Indiana Univ Discussant: Albert Bandura. PhD David Starr Jordan Professor of Social Science in Psychology Stanford University COFFEE BREAK RECONVENE PLENARY SESSION (James Room. Lobby Level) “Do Sexually Violent Media Indirecdy Contribute to Antisocial Behavior?"’ Author: Neil M. Malamuth, PhD Chairman, Communications Studies University of California at Los Angeles Diseussant: Carol Nadelson. MD Professor & Vice Chairman. Department of Psychiatry Tufts University School of Medicine New England Medical Center LUNCH (Dewey I. Plaza level) RECONVENE PLENARY SESSION (James Room. Lobby level) “Effects on Juveniles of Being Used for Prosticution and Pornography’’ Author: Mimi H. Silberr, PhD President & Chief Executive Officer Delancey Street Foundation Discussant: Rober W. Deisher, MD Professor of Pediatrics Director, Division of Adolescent Medicine University of Washington School of Medicine COFFEE BREAK RECONVENE PLENARY SESSION (James Room. Lobby level) “Techniques Designed to Mitigate the Impact of Mass Media Sexual Violence on Adolescents aod Adults’’ Author: Edward Donnerstein, PhD Professor; Center for Communications Research Deparment of Communications Arts University of Wisconsin at Madison Discussant: Gene G. Abel, MD Professor of Psychiatry Emory University School of Medicine ADJOURN AFTERNOON SESSIONS DINNER (Dewey I, Plaza level) “FBI Research and Violent Criminal Behavior’’ Robert Ressler, Supervisory Special Agent Nauonal Center for the Analysis of Violent Crime FBI Academy Monday, June 23, 1986, (cos:'s) 8:00 PM RECONVENE PLENARY SESSION (James Room, Lobby level) ¢ ‘On Showing Sex to Children: Video and Remarks’ Bradley Greenberg, PhD Chairman, Department of Telecommunications Michigan Stare University Tuesday, June 24, 1986 7:30 AM BREAKFAST (Dewey I, Plaza level) 8:30 AM CONVENE IN TWO CONCURRENT CONSENSUS SESSIONS Participants will be assigned to one of the following sessions: © Consensus Session | (Room 104, First floor) “Effects of Pornography on Childrea and Young Adults’ Factktator: Joyce N. Thomas, RN. MPH Director, Division of Child Protection Children's Hospital National Medical Center ¢ Consensus Session II (Room 204, Second floor) ‘*New Possibilides for Prevenaon and Treatment’”’ Facilitator: Carol Hartman, RN, DNSc Professor, Boston College School of Nursing 10:00 AM COFFEE BREAK 10:15 AM RECONVENE CONSENSUS SESSIONS I AND II 11:00 AM CONVENE IN CONSENSUS SESSION IH (James Room, Lobby evel) © “The Research Agenda for the Furure’’ Factiitator: Murtay A. Straus, PhD Director, Family Research Laboratory University of New Hampshire 12:15 PM LUNCH (Dewey I, Plaza level) 1:15 PM RECONVENE IN PLENARY SESSION—WORKSHOP SUMMATION © Presencation to the Surgeon General Resulss from Consensus Sessions I, ® Surgeon General's Response 2:30 PM WORKSHOP IS ADJOURNED Ad plenary sessions will be recorded. This workshop ts being held at the request of the Attorney General's Commission on Pornography. Funding us provided by the U.S. Justice Department Gene G. Abel, MD Professor of Psychiatry Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta, Georgia Albert Bandura, PhD Professor of Social Science in Psychology Stanford University Stanford, California Ann W. Burgess, RN, DNSe Professor of Nursing, School of Nursing University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Donn Byrne, PhD Professor and Chair, Department of Psychology State University of New York Albany, New York Jon Conte, PhD Assistant Professor, School of Social Service Administration, University of Chicago Chicago, LUlinois Jessica Henderson Daniel, PhD Supervising Staff Psychologist, Judge Baker Guidance Center, Children's Hospital Boston, Massachusetts William Daniel, Jr.,. MD Emeritus Professor of Pediatrics and Chief of Adolescent Medicine University of Alabama School of Medicine Montgomery, Alabama Robert W. Deisher, MD Professor of Pediatries and Director of Adolescent Medicine University of Washington School of Medicine Seattle, Washington Edward Donnerstein, PhD Professor, Center for Communications Research, University of Wisconsin Madison, Wisconsin Bradley Greenberg, PhD Chair, Department of Telecommunications Michigan State University East Lansing, Michigan Carol Hartman, RN, DNSe Professor, Boston College School of Nursing Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts vi List of Participants Jeffrey J. Haugaard, MA Research Assistant in Clinical Psychology University of Virginia Charlottesville, Virginia Kathryn Kelley, PhD Associate Professor of Psychology State University of New York Albany, New York C. Everett Koop, MD, DSe Surgeon General, U.S. Public Health Service Washington, D.C. Neil M. Malamuth, PhD Chair, Communications Studies University of California Los Angeles, California Edward P. Mulvey, PhD Assistant Professor of Child Psychiatry, Western Psychiatrie Institute and Clinic University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Carol Nadelson, MD Professor and Vice Chair, Department of Psychiatry, Tufts University School of Medicine, New England Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Albert Serrano, MD Professor of Child Psychiatry and Director, Philadelphia Child Guidance Center University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Mimi Halper Silbert, PhD President and Chief Executive Officer Delancey Street Foundation San Francisco, California Murray A. Straus, PhD Director, Family Research Laboratory University of New Hampshire Durham, New Hampshire Joyce N. Thomas, RN, MPH Director, Division of Child Protection Children's Hospital NatL Medical Center Washington, D.C. Dolf Zillman, PhD Professor, Institute for Communications Research, Indiana University Bloomington, Indiana