INDIVIDUAL USER PROJECT DESCRIPTION | ~PINSTITUTION: Stenford Computation Center INVES wmaG SAY rOR, R. Britt MEDICINE (Neurology) i Stanford Medical School FIEL y oF AB NYE : STIS Ch TON PROIECT. TET LE: : Neurophysiology Auditory Regulation AM OUNT OF Re “SOURCE USAGE: ania PROJECT DESC CRIP TIT oY (Approximately 300 word The analysis of voltage recordings from the cortical surface of the brain of a cat. 8 channels of data will be digitized over 5 seconds for 1,000 words per second. The analysis will consist of the computation of: (1) probability density and probability distributions. (2) joint probability density and probability distribution, (3) ecrosscorrelations and autocorrelations. (4) cross spectral density functions. (5) Fourier transforms of data. (6) eigenvalues for Schroedinger time dependent wave equation. (7) diagonal from 3 by 3 Hermitian coherency matrix. (8) the display of recorded data upon television set for photographing. The analysis is designed to focus upon differences in phase, amplitude and frequency between recordings under different conditions of stimulation, The differences are also to be translated into quantum mechanical form, The ACME system has also been used in this laboratory for analyzing comparison;of single units (meurons).. A number of statistical programs have been written utilizing subroutine? made available from ACME for this analysis, INDIVIDUAL USER PROJECT DESCRIPTION INVES TIGATOR: DEPART EF INSTITUTION: Ei ny eyyomey pd UROLOTY AMOU NY OF RESOURCE US AGE. ITO PROJECT DESCRIPTION (Approximately 300 words) During applica 52 INDIVIDUAL USER PROJECT DESCRIPTION INVES: t 1c BAY TOR. : DEPARTME INSTITUTION: Stanford Computation Center Stanford Medical School Howard ‘XM. Cann, M. l, _Pedia i FIELD OF Genetic Studies in the Lake Atitlan Basin, Genetics Guatemala AMOUNT OF RESOURCE USAGE. 14995 PROJECT DESCRIPTION (Approximately 300 words) In this research project we are investigating factors which affect frequencies of genes controlling various human heritable characteristics. A group of Mayan Indian isolates are being studied in the Lake Atiti4n region in Guatemala. A high infant mortality rate, the age distribution of these populations and of mortality in these populations, and preliminary sero-epidemiologic studies indicate the harsh environment of these communities. We are collecting from a number of these conmunities demographic information concerning fertility and migration, genealogic information, data on significant causes of pre-reproductive morbidity and mortality by means of physical examina- tions and sero-epidemiologic indicators, and information about polymorphisms of blood by laboratory examination of blood specimens. We are emphasizing data collection from individuals in nuclear family units so that we may undertake segregation analysis of polymorphisms. Studies of distributions of gene frequen- cies are also being undertaken. Demographic data and information about morbidity and mortality will be used to analyze variation in gene frequency distributions and to analyze distortion of segregation frequencies. The Stanford University Medical School computer system (ACME) is used to process and analyze the large amount of data being generated from these studies. A complete census is performed for each community for identifying inhabitants participating in the study, for demographic data for our analysis, and for establishing nuclear families and relationships of various individuals in the community. These data sre processed by computer at Stanford. Computer analysis of the genetic data is also being undertaken. At present the Indian community, San Antonio Palop6, consisting of Cakchiquel speakers, is being studied. Section Hi-B INDIVIDUAL USER PROJECT DESCRIPTION INVESTIGATOR: TPP EOA Stanford Computation Center Stanford Medicel Center K, COLLINS FiEL9 OF NV: DT VETLE: eta | me PROTEIN CHEMISTRY ATCase AMOUNT OF RESOURCE USAGE- 32670 PROJECT DESCRIPTION (Approximately 300 words) ATCase contains two types of programs and data files. One type is used in con- junction with an amino acid analyzer, to process data gotten from the analyzer. The second type is used in conjunction with ultraviolet spectral studies of the E.coli enzyme aspartate transcarbamylase (ATCase), First type: An amino acid analyzer is used in our research group for a wide variety of studies in protein chemistry. These include structure - function studies on (borins) ribonuclease, structure -~ function studies on (Z.col:) as- partate transcarbamylase, and extensive studies on the development of procedures for the sequential degradation of peptides and proteins. Thus the analyzer is heavily used by a number of people working on several projects. The analysis of the chromatogrems obtained from the amino acid analyzer is laborious and tedious when done by hand. Thus ACME, in conjunction with some other automatic equipment, has been adapted to make these analyses fast, accurate, and depend- able. The peaks con the chromatograms are either measured automatically (oy an integrator attached to the analyzer) or, if necessery, measured by hend. This data is then fed into an ACME program ("AAanal"), which then processes the data. The features of the program include the following: a. The invut may be either H-W (hand measured) or I (automatically in- tegrated) data. b. Either the most recently determined set of const factors for each peak of the chromatogram or the averasg (stored in the computer) may be used. its normalization e last ten sets + ec. The progrem determines the total weight of the sample analyzed. o © AT ty d. The amount (in millemicromoles) of each amino acid in the sample is computed, e. The micromoles of each residue per ms. protein in the sample may be computed, f. All the date can be corrected (automstically) for tryp to plan destruction. sg, ‘The number of r imo acid in the protein can be computed, nd the molar retios of rinalized to any residue, can be determined. h. The progres: ith 23 amino acids and derivatives, or the 17 commonly occurring ecid-stable residu Thus the use of ACMA has allowed large amounts of data that would have had to be calculated by hand be processed by the computer - with resulting improvements in specd and accuracy, and in the increased versatility. Second type: ACME is being used to create ultraviolet difference spectra from model compounds to simulate spectra generated on studies of the mechanism of action of the catalytic subumit of aspartate transcarbamylase. The studies have not progressed far enough to evaluate their effectiveness, but the ovtlook is good that this application will prove meaningful and enlightening in the system being studied. Such a simulation study with model compounds could not be under- taken in any systematic way without access to a computer. al A . “a “ppeyt be PIN Me a. Grant po. cae ce Section Ui- INDIVIDUAL USER PROJECT DESCRIPTION INVESTIGATOR, DEPARTMENT INSTITUTION: Stanford Medical School Stanford Comuutation Center Charles H. Doering Psychiatry a en See ane oteieieeteriad lenetiicaenignmnliiamtnttbenieteneenttiitnene tee ae ee ei nares at rca ten we FIELD OF INVESTIGATION. PROJECT TITLE: Neonatal development of the adrenal esmolase gland. AMOUNT OF RESOURCE USACE. A. ‘ oR e¢ PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2H Aveit Vile (Approximately 300 words) The adrenal gland is involved in the response to stress. [In the newborn rat, there is a brief period of poor response to stress by the adrenal gland. As one parameter, we are measuring the capacity of the adrenal gland to synthesize steroid hormones. From the glands of newborn rats of a particular age group we prepare an enzyme system that catalyzes the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone, the horimone precursor. The rate of this conversion is an indicator of the amount of enzyme present in the glands. We follow the rate of conversion by using cholesterol labeled with two different radioactive isotopes and calculating the change in isotope ratio. From each incubation more than ten samples are withdrawn, counted in duplicate for the two isotopes and recounted with a radioactive standard. Thus, about 100 different counts are generated with each incubation. We use ACME to compute the ratio of the two isotopes for each sample (by averaging duplicate counts and correcting for overlapping counts) and to store these results along with other information about the incubation. Various other programs are used to work on the information stored in the data file and to produce the rate of enzymatic conversion by fitting the best line through the experimental points and by determining the slope and its confidence interval. All this derived information is stored in another data file. To date over 125 incubations ranging over the ages of | to 46 days have been carried out and treated in this manner. The project was started in Oct. 1967. All the information of a set of similar experiments has been retrieved, and a significant pattern of development of the enzyme system has been discerned. Another program analyzes the entire set of experiments and generates a mathematical function that describes the pattern of development. This developmental pattern of the enzyme system was found to correlate closely with the pattern of stress responsiveness described for the adrenal gland of the neonatal rat. A report of these findings has been submitted for publication in Science (1968). A ON Gren ea, We Section Hi-B INDIVIDUAL USER PROJECT DESCRIPTION INVES: T IGATO®: “iNSTIT U TION Stanford Computetion Center FIELD OF INVES TIGAT a ROE aGy TIPLE: Eugene Dong, Jr., M.D, Surgery Stenford Medic al Ce nber Cardiac Surgery Heart, MARG I AMOUNT OF RESOURCE USAGE 95,314 PROJECT DESCRIPTION (Approximately 300 words) Our project is to develop a control system for an artificial heart. The technique will be to telemeter out blood pressure and flow information from an experimental animal whose heart has been denervated by cardiac autotransplantation. The data will be analyzed and reduced on the 360/50. A mathematical model will then be built which will simulate the data. This model will form a comparison model to the live animal which will then form the trajectory for a controller. A mathematical model will be built into a real time computer such that the heart rate of this animal will be controlled according to the model and according to the biologic stress. Calculations done are blood volume, renal plasma flow, cardiac output and Fournier analyses, We are also investigating the rhythmic characteristics of arrhythmics using large volumes of interbeat intervals to characterize the populations. 57 Grant Be Abede ty Wo. a “ tat Section [iB YT DESCRIPTION INS TETUTION: (patholocvy) rartenf post AMOUNT OF RE 175593 PROJECT DESCRIPTION (Aporoxirately 300 words} This project title was used for: 1. Learning how to code in Acme/P1. 2. Statistical evaluation of the relationship between antemortem and postmortem values of electrolytes in serum and with postmortem specimens of vitreus and serebro- spinal fluids. While we were able to confirm the semi-quantitative findings of earlier authors, our expectation of being able to quantate antemortem serum electrolyte concentrations was not attained. Substantial use of Acme statistical subroutines was made to show the independance of antemortem and postmortem values within acceptable range. 3. Laser microprobe analysis of single cells. It was decided to organize data in the form of scatter diagrams and plots. It was not clear which parameters were of substantial importance in obtaining "accurate" results. Furthermore, results subjectively assessed as aberrant had been rejected, leading to non-correction of microprobe system defects though quite good results. By introducing raw data into the computer, a better sample of microprobe output was obtained, and graphical analysis certainly assisted in excluding some supposed inter-relationships, between laser output and pmt difference for example. In this way the development of an efficient microprobe has been accelerated. Initial prog vam- ming of a 2471 output scatter diagram was time consuming and a run cost about 150 page» minutes for 10 data points. Subsequently the program has been improved to where 200 data points with their mean and standard deviation per X line are plotted for 50 page minutes. Use of thislater program is project laser has saved an estimated greater than 10,000 page minutes when compared to the cost for original scatter diagram program, The effect of orgenic matrix in plasma and self absorption on cation determinations is now clearer. Effect of exvgen concentration on exfoliated bronchial epithelial cells. Here the data had greater variance than even in the electrolyte concentration project, smoothing routines and trigonometric interpolation was performed. The results were /continucd ambiguous. 4, Several extensive programs for manipulation and filing of alphanumeric and numeric data were built. The aim initially was to write a sufficiently cecneralized oo program to cope with most of the procedures I wes beine asked to deal with. Nese programs cost too much to run, and occupied a great quantity of the systen'’s wemory. The project title is now being used to file prosrars for subsequent partial or complete copying inte other projects in an attempt to conserve programming time. Grant fo. PR O0p21-00 Section 111-8 INDIVIDUAL USER PROJECT DESCRIPTION INVESTIGATOR. | DEPARTRENT AN STITUTION: Enlander, DEREK _ | PATHOLOS ft FIELD OF INY ESTIGATION. ‘PROJECT VETLE: DATA RETRIEVA C AS E s ee AMOUN IT OF RESOURCE USACE. Lh 239 PROJECT DESCRIPTION (Approximately 300 words) RETREIVAL OF AUTOPSY DATA AND HOSPITAL RECORDS FROM VARIGUS PARAMETERS, PROGRAM WILL BE SUITABLE FOR USE BY SECRETARIAL STAFF INSERTION OF DATA DAILY AND THEN PROGRAMMER RETRIEVAL OF DATA FROM ANY PMAGE PARAMETER e.g. DIAGNOSIS, HOSPITAL RECORD NO., etc. CORELATION OF DATA BETWEEN CASES WILL BE AVAILBLE, INDIVIDUAL USEF INVES TIGAT a - Lap yee ye ty: PE PNGN TITUTION Stenford Comoutation Center Wm, H, Forrest; Jr. M, D. Anesthesia Stenford Mecical ecnco! FIELD OF YES TIOATON —PPRo Clinical Pharmacology | Veterans Administration Cooperative | Analgesic Study SOURCE USAGE : PROJECT DESCRIPTION (Approximately 300 words) The Veterans Administration Cooperative Analgesic Study is a cooperative clinical pharmacological study in five VA Hospitals, It has the following aims: A, To evaluate compounds now in use for analgesic and sedative activity, and to verify under controlled conditions the claims for efficacy and side effect liability. B, To evaluate newer analgesics of the non-addictitgoral type and to place them in their proper heirarchy with standard drugs namely morphine, C. To investigate the methodologic problems by use of modern computers and statistics, D. To stimulate new research into the area of analgesic and sedative eval- uation, and to provide a framework for the teaching of clinical pharmacology within the Department of Anesthesia, This study is conducted by the Anesthesia Section of the various involved Veterans Administration Hospitals under the direction of the Chief of Anesthesia and assisted by Nurse Observers, The Nurse Observer has been trained in the standard method of patient interview for subjective and objective pain evaluation in patients, and for followup and interviews for nighttime sedation, The study is oriented to post- operative surgical patients and patients in whom chronic pain is a problem, or in patients with chronic hospital care requiring nighttime sedation, Double blind crossover techniques are used; except when dose ranging is done, Medications are prepared in identically-appearing form, randomized and mumbered serially, Patients are selected according to prescribed methods and questioned for efficacy and side effects, . ol INDIVIDUAL USER PROJECT DESCRIPTION (continued) Protocols and forms for collection and anagemcnt have been devised, The data is collected from all the hospitals at the data collection center here in Palo Alto VA Hospitel and is inputed directly through the 2741 Terminal to the Acme System at Stanford, Data is ervorchecked jimediately upon entry into the system and errorchecking reports are redistributed to the partici- pating institutions, At the present time, our data file includes programs for errorchecking our data, analyzing for means, analysis of variance and potency, confidence curves and orthogonal comparisons, In addition, we are contemplating the use of additional programs which will use the linear hypo- thesis for obtaining relative potencies in those studies where order effects are important. Subsequent methodologic studies will be made much easier by immediate turn- around and storage capabilities of the 360/50. In addition, we plan to use our date for historical controls using Bayesian theories of statistics and eventually hope to have output of patient histories from the data inputed on the computer forns, 62 GERSCH NEUROLOGY FIELD OF Nye: RELATIONSHIP —~HTATS AND = 2 AMOUNT OF RES MECT DESCRIPTION IN ST ITUTION Stanford Computation Center Ptanford Meareet choot SYNTHEST 10,486 PROJECT DESCRIPTION (Aperox ina bay ? Iwo computation activities concerning the relationship electrical behavior of single intracellular slow potentials taneously recorded macropotentials (EHS) in Dr. Frank Morrell, Chairman, Department of 1} In one, performed using the output data. that there was contentions cellular slow potentials Significant coherence between particular cellular potentials. Neurosciences Research Program, Rockefeller Univ. Press 1967). taly transfer function ané coherence intracellular data as and the EEG and (Reference in 1966 300 wards) between the and simul - é human subject were pursued. Veurology provided the data. function computations WeLre input date and the EEG as The objective was to reconcile Dr. Ross Adey's (UCLA) no significant coherence between the intra- Dr. Morrell's demonstration of EEG wave complexes and intra- Intensive Study Program of the The computational results achieved demonstrated that the relationship between the intracellular This sult is recenclles the two points of view. potential and the EEG was (The results-were linear and time varying. coapatable with both the Adey end Morrell findings and communicated in - . Vi or oe + x : the January 1968 Neurosciences Research Progzran Meeting on Information Coding in the Nervous Syste & hy, and will appcear in a forthcoming Neurosciences Research Progrenm Dulletin.) In the second activity a preliminary attempl was made to synthesize an interval of an ERS record Usius portions of Simultaneously recorded intracellular date. The technique employed was to construct a Lilter matched to particular Segments of BiG wave cormplexes end to extract from the intracellular recording those segments which were very highly correlated with it. The computation is that of a running correlation coefficient es computed through a digital matched filter. Prelininary results suggest that E®G records can be synthesized arbitrarily well by this means. The computational results ‘therefore suggest that what heppens at any instant in the macropotential (synchronous behavior) is duplicated throughout the time course of the individual cell intracellular potential. In effect therefore, at least under the circunstences exanined, it appears that the macropotential can be interpreted as being primarily due to the summation or average of the intracellular potentials within the field of the macroprobe. Additional experimental and computational studies are contemplated to further understand this phenomenon. In both cases, the investigation could not be conducted without the use of large scale digital computations. Grant No. PR OOD11-08 Section Hi-B INDIVIDUAL USER PROJECT DESCRIPTION DEPART HA INSTITUTION: Stanford Computation Center Stanford Medical Schoo] INVESTIGATOR: David Godwin Radiologsy-Sursery FIELD OF INVESTIGATION PROG Cancer Records Adrenalectomy AMOUNT OF RESOURCE USAGE: PROJECT DESCRIPTION (Apgroximately 300 words) Pilot Analysis of Case Records of Adrenlectomy for Storage, Analysis, and Review. Ney! i, — foe, Gren ie, Bay QU GL be Section THB ESCH INDIVIDUAL USER PROJECT L IP TION KS rt Y C> wd INVESTIGATOR: ———_—«|d DEPART! INSTITUT JN: Stanford Computation Center 7 Avram Goldstein Pharmacology 1 School FIELD OF iN VESTICATION various Ai LOUNT T OF RES SOURCE USAGE L519 PROJECT DESCRIPTION (Approximately 300 words} ACME is used for general laboratory computations of several kinds, primarily those in which exhaustive calculations are required following experiments of several days' duration. These uses are all in connection with project Biochemical Mechanisms in Drug Addiction, supported by NIMH. Statistical packages are also used routinely. Some of the studies concern drug-induced activity of mice, measured in photoelectric counter cages at successive drug injections. Other studies involve tissue distribution of radioactive levorphanol in the mouse. Yet other studies concern binding of radioactive levorphanol under various conditions to subcellular fractions of mouse brain homogenates. ACME is also used for miscellaneous purposes in connection with graduate student training; a number of student projects are handled on this same project account. Seat Abn qa yee Graal IO. Bh ' Sectior INDIVIDUAL US ECT DESCRIPTION INVESTIGATOR. INSTITUTION: Stanford Computation Center Leonard Ae Herzenbers. Gevetics otenford Medical Center oar ne neern ars Stee tee deenemin rte em wine ota nen mine tnnnso ttebagn ane nae een toe FIELD OF ENVESTISC DAY ON PROJEC TELE: Genetics and Imnunology "precy" AMOUNT QF RESOURCE USAGE: 12,655 PROJECT DESCRIPTION (Approximately 300 words} Our laboratory is engaged in quantitative studies on immunoglobulins in antibody in production/mice., ACME has been used to calculate immunoglobulin levels from raw data obtained in experiments, to predict immuncglobulin levels from theoretical curves, to calculate geometric means for autibody assays and operations to convert raw data to useable experimental results. In addition some work hes already beczun to use ACHE to keep track of individual histories of thousands of mice maintained in this laboratory. The program to draw pedigree charts for all of the inbred strains is already in operation. Other programs to study the immmologic history are in process of preparation. It is hoped that programs will be developed to make information retrieval for antisera testing easier and quicker. C7 INDIVIDUAL USER PROSECT DESCRIPTION “INS1 V1 f UTIOH Stanford Comoutation Center t B ‘ antoed Maedteal Seheas” J. Hwang CEMET ERS Stvanroed Moaical Se Te PROJECT TITLE: INVESTIGATOR: | DEPAR FIELD OF INVESTIGAT! Ne CROUT GENETICS AMOUNT OF R ESOURCE USAGE: Ww NI . laa) Oo ay PRQJECT DESCRIPTION (Approximately 300 words) This project consists mainly of programs for the analysis of cyclic graphs to allow the enumeration of the rings structures of chemistry. Proerams analized the trivalent cyclic graphs, The main objectives are to Indicate all the possible sraphs, isomorphisms of superficially different graphs, symmetries within a praph, rational description of eack item, rational ordering of the graphs, rational numbering of the vertices and paths and compact, computable notation for each feature, Fach graph is represented as a Hani lton Cireult projected n the boundary of a regular polygzon with | vertices, Oining these M vertices and M/2 chords, since each vertex is rivalent., The locations of these chords are specified hy /2 characters, ON Grent No, FR oOsli-op Section Hie B INDIVIDUAL USER PROJECT DESCRIPTION INSTITUTION: Stanford Computetion Center Stanford Medical School INVESTIGATOR: DEPART MER CERNE TICS Jd. Hwang FIELD OF INVESTIGATION: PROJECT TITLE: GENETICS GEMLIBT AMOUNT OF RESOURCE USAGE: 20,079 PROJECT DESCRIPTION (Approximately 300 words) This project contains the statistical and miscelleanous promrams use by the Genetics Bepartment. Statictical programs: feneral statistical analysis for tke calculations of sum, mean, standard deviation, the analysis of variance, chisauareand prohahility of chisquare distribution, correlation and repression analysis, the norinal distribution with the same mean and standard deviation for fitting a curve, Plotting programs: Plot har eranh in 100 positions, plot of percentage distrihution, plot by function scaled to the range of 9 to 100, plot of multivalued function allows the choice and supersition of several characters. Flas is inserted on the chart when underflow or overflow occured, Sorting programs: Sortins a vector in ascending order, sort array and alphabetical informations. Grant No, ECT PROJ ye q ZR 2 L US DUA vi Vt IND INVESTIGATOR: Computa Pord Stan en UONES IN FIELD O§ vl L.. v time 4 vf QUE “CF tr to = c Protein CE USAGE. RESOUR em i AMOUNT 0! 91 050 PROJECT DESCRIP TiO! - cimately 300 words) (Appro Ss ‘ 1 OwVve pave thy Na erati ee . -~7-t Ons bse. ¢ we i o> vat nstriae } i j rol] c f Da can - fy _ ys OO ke 1g SL GT ow wok aD OS BM oe Q Hw Cie nlm “1 4 oF Moa 2 oO a Ree whe 22 44 i i n ey cP] “0 me — aed —_ Hi , “ Ne - my Z trues ca eculs 70 Sections oe t Sra! ae Section Tle B INDIVIDUAL USER PROJECT DESCRIPTION INVESTIGATOR: DEPARTMENT. INSTEFUTION: STANT ORD : J. Lederberg CEMETICS ve FIELD QF INVESTIGATION. PROJECT TITLE: Genetics PEMOPAR AMOUNT OF {ESOQURCE USAGE: PROJECT DESCRIPTION (Approximately 300 wards) A program for information retrieval interfacing with the Sanders 7270 display. Programs work with multiple files. Files is created hy program and store on disk, Program is called in by 1?! 2741 terminal thru ACHE. After the com- pilation by ACME, the excution of the program is initiated on the terminal, all the communication to and from the computer is turned Over to Sanders 720 display via the display keyboard, Program features the option of working vith any files, also provides selection of the following actions - create new file, addition of records to the existine files, alter content of any record, delete or Insert records, listing any portion of the existine file and search for key words fn the file. After each selection ts processed user has option of rerunnine the program without recompiling, While execution is in progress, in addition of the information displayed on the scope, a list of options and selections is printed on the IBM 2741 terminal to keep track of what kas heen done during each run, Grant No. FR o0411-09 Section Ili-B INDIVIDUAL USER PROJECT DESCRIPTION INVESTIGATOR: DEPARTMENT: INSTITUTION: SIDNEY LIEBES, JR. GENETICS STANFORD MEDICAL SCHOOL, STANFORD COMPUTATION CATER FIELD OF INVESTIGATION: TITLE: MASS SPECTRAL DATA HANDLING MS (MASS SPECTOMETRY) AMOUNT OF RESOURCE USAGE: 555760 PROJECT DESCRIPTION (Approximately 300 words) The computer has been used to provide various gupport functions fer research in the area of mass spectral microanalysis of organic materials. The mass svectremeter is run in either of two different modes, The data derived while running in one of these modes is transmitted automatically to the ACME system for storage. The other mode requires operator participation in the transmission, The stored data is subjected to a varlety of interpretative manipulations. In one running mde the mass peak locations are quadratically related to the real running time parameter. Linearization of the mass peak displacetcnt has been performed with the aid of the computer thus simplifying the identification of individual peaks. A computer driven television unit has been used to facilitate the visual comparison of pairs of mass spectra. The unit incorporates a manual control that positions a spot on the screen, The coordinate of the spot location may be entered into the computer by activation of a switch. The basic display format for the program consists of a central area surrounded by a marginal pattern of zones. A wide selection of program decisions can be made in program execution by directing the spot to different zones. This flexibility enabler selection,for example, of the spectra (identified by {ile numbers) to be displayed for each spectrum; the normalization to be used in the peak height display; the identification of the mass numbers associated with various peaks, ete, INVESTIGATOR, GOP AMOUNT OF | INDIVIDUAL USER PROJECT DESCRIPTION | INSTITUTION: 0” Tiere, Raymond 0, ACIS, Stanford Comou Stanford Medicel School “ee iq] - Wi: Consulting User Program Consulting IkcGe USAGE: 25,13) PROJECT DESCRIPTION (Approxizrately 300 words) Consultant and programmer. Programs written so far include a scatter D2 e plotting routine which plots as many different sets of data as is desired on one graph using a different symbol for each plot; array size checking procedures for approximately 35 statistical subroutines to oO _ keep users from writing over the syste sample programs for ar ACME publication which introduces the new user to ACME, Or ao IIDU IND PLO oO | 1 T OF I i OUR AN RIP —_ 0 Tl Sc Ms QJECT DES PR (Approxima ely 306 words) i r u Oo QO Mm fa Uv .. L eye ety 7 ah 4 i tS O ae ~ eet SO u) ry ! a mi ue © @ tm i i ney abs aedon ¢ oa ‘ Ma t CiiGrs Ovi t yh electrol mt é WwW 4 Grart No. FR 0O511-02 Section 1H-B INDIVIDUAL USER PRQUECT DESCRIPTION INVESTIGATOR, unwcas STITUTION: . bantord Computation Centor P Roy H. Maffly, MD. Medicine Stanford Medicel Sehcol FIELD OF tNVESTIGAT.ON, PROG E Ion transport Relationship of Metabolism to Sodium | Transport AMOUNT OF RESOURCE USAGE: 14,700 PROJECT DESCRIPTION (Approximately 300 words) We are measuring simultaneously the rate of sodium transport and the rate of CO? production by the urinary bladder of the toad. Rate of sodium transport is measured as the short circuit current. Rate of COj production is measured as the rate of decrease in conductivity of a dilute NaOH solution as CO? is trapped. Outputs proportional to each measure are recorded on a dual channel Varian recorder. The computer is used to facilitate "continuous" (4 minute inter- val) comparison of the two variables, By means of the computer we calculate (1) rate of CO9 production from change in conducti- vity (mot a proportional factor); (2) ratio of short circuit current to rate of CO9 production a) at each 4 minute interval, b) as increments following change of rate by adding variables (hormones, substrates, drugs), expressed as absolute numbers and as percentage change. We can thus compare changes in metabolism to changes in sodium transport to see how they interrelate. In particular we are studying which changes first in different siuta- tions and the different ratios obtained in different situations.