f 3 . 1 1 ] {" CX .ith-reg-rd-to—the-pale aress, the phe:.ot, ses of these two classes of vVurlesstce Errn Cyigeany Bad CL T a¥e 4 424, els are directly co.p sible to the snenot ves of the A 4 two classes of variegeted kK rnels exilbitins tne ‘lL Spm! ane the "3 Spm' pattern carr-ing the cl class I st»te a are como rable opm or when it interpret.tion classes of viri ¥ of teble 17, m—1 aniong the a5 following teste lv riez.ted wx. distribution of doubt re,ard rey See som in this rise to tne fir Kernels on the S thet aeove ev follow.s:g a Similer tyee of cross with plants ass il strce of A» aor the psle phenot pe wits the ne the fully pigmented phenot pe with the cless II st ce . se ; a m-l . , expressions of tne two tutes of A in tne ab:ence of is present and in its insctive phsse. that the given abvove of the Som constitution in each of the two eg-ted kernels on the eir of plant 7547:-1, entered in is correct is whown by the districutivn of (x and wx Kerneis on the ear of tiller-1 of this plent earryl: ross type-2: 1 pile /x : 22 pale wx : 14 veries:ted «ax i: alteousch there were few kernels on this esr, the be a pH Co < Oo mn 5 OQ sx anc wx to the oaie and viries ted xe.nei the close li «x: e of Yom with wx in this slut. plent was in its inactive ohn»se in the ceils thit g ve LI¢ nL st e-r of the main stelk. all of the as earr -. A cc ear, produced by testeross ty,e-2, were uniforuly No A Ww woes Quel 10% Wee LW, pile pigmented, ab - thit a wis in its inactive oh:se in the cells thut A S pun eroduced the secora evr of tne main s...k is show by the xe nel tyees entered in ¥v of tesle 17. An active »pm a:pears only in t.o-7e Weyrs t kernels that received opm from the collen pirent. Tne two distinct A . pps phenot. pes among tiuese kernels reveal the sresencse of the Lusctive -on, A aGeliveread by the e r besrins bo vent,, th:t ws clo.ely li. ead with x. lent 7312-6, un.er tecr L957, 4, t le 2, nee 2 co. stitution Siinil-.; to th:t of plant 7312-5, descrised iitove. “Ao7ever, Yom in tuls plant was in its 1.active phase in the cells givisg rise to all a three tested e.rs. TOLLOwing t steross ty e-2, cord ctsa witn tne eors of two tillers of tais -lant, oniy 7 kKormels exnibited tne ore:ence of Yom in then. “ix or these kernels we-e Wk snd one wes Jk. +r1Ls est:u thot the lert was “x +/wx som in constitati-n. Llestcross tyce Ll ned been co» duct-d wit. tne first e r o° the unin st-ik or tuis olant. Un.y one kernels on tue resultiny er seowed tne nr sence o te of quot > fro the er Yom lu it and it hed received the class [ua tm! better bering p sent. +n orcer to obt-in,evivence of the loc tion of som in plent 7312-6, tris kernel wis sown in 1958 under culture number >” - 2 m-1 oy pee 1317 -& (class I stcce of Bey ), Be T5826 vn toe e =r, three pale colored,xec nels were found tm ecu of Haves A Wik unspt ayre qotlatrag aturnrore eabbory watts . Ww Wwereh a sneall scot of wk, 4:¢@.eed, aetedes: fee. svontaneosis loss of «x A in a cell dquring develoonenut of the kernel. the e4rornels were sawn A cee, WU Q ugeyk uneaer culture number 75825. Lt vas expected tno.t the olunts Géerived from them wov.ld carry Som anu tht it would be linked with wx, ard also that 4 spin wo.id be in its insictive phise at th a beginning of wisent developnent. this sroved to be true. sestcross tyses 1 and 3 were covdauch-ad #itr slont 7582@a and 7582b-2, =nc testeross tyve 3 was couductcd with on ear of wo OQ ro pS Oo the nolants in chlilture 7582. tlant 3582s, carrying the class II s.:.e of a5 » was fully pigmented except Yor a few small stre-ks in wich no oigment was present. the lants in 7582B likewise were fully vigmented exce;t Tor sone small nonplemented sectors wit in wich smell stre-x«s of deew clguented xcope red. the ty es of kernels apgpe-ring on the testcross ears of these olunts in cuiture 7582 are siven in tile 18. all tested e:rs were oroduced by cells in wilch “pm wasin its insctive suse. ao7ever, 2s testeross tyse-3 irdic tes, the inactive som in e ch of trese olants was linked with wx. +he plants in c lture 73145 were derived from colorless, st, .x Kernels mandar Ge that showed pisuented s ots o: scecks in +he-sress-of « Jlant that was A ; ubin potlon pom gue beny Wawel vy, miskuvs Uy errr. hy bt/a,. bt, ox/wx by plent 7109.-1. the ty.es of testeross ec. ducted A a walling 7313 \ with ties® plants anu the r sults obsained from each are entered in tole X 19. the design:ted constitutions of these plants, e:tered in J of a Wun Unheuonde - t ble 2, are bisead upon t ese results. klant o-4 iilustr.ves oneof the 4 in tais stucay yery rew cases,in wich the ¥om number anda loc. tion 54 was fo nd to cdaiifer in different op rts of the s*me plant. i-ple 3 summerizes the benivior ef-sem in successive gener. ions af Sew thts Jerived from plant 7109B-—2 som wis in its aetive pucse in the ceils that give rise to the fizst e r of the (tole v\ dup thot g ou Wiel main stalk of this elent and 2lso in the eirs of tiller-f anc tiller—l. A A the ep of til er-1 wis self-pollin ved and the ko vnels t..es 4.pe ring on this e-r were Gescrib-d e rlier (see pi e )e clints weve grown from k-rnels on the e r of the main si:lk of this sl.nt and also fron t-ose on the self-pollin:ted e r of tiller-l. Reyuelo list Wee The olants in culture 7309 «a (a, bble 3) were derived TRonAgoLORESSS ud Oe Ql alyuidd a. eotorloor bolleaud , Bt y 1X Keemels showing s ots of pi.sent in wror teste ee eee TTT ~ - - — ” oo 0 _ a oresent (on the e:ir of the weain sctrlk of ol nt 71095- 27 xlon's serivea oo on tu eon. from the uniforily pigmented, st, «x class of ke nels were yrown uncer B of culture 7409. wwone of the - oo NN . but e-ch of 1304 the nive tested clents in ~k it was Llinxed with we in-onoa® vw, culling 1309R of the A 4 plants in sefeulture 7309fcarried opm “eae curried it, ds puto Ora luna ocd U6 thone 9 (Laut ave wu Loalr of thoo & In only six of the sixteen tes ted LS olentg was opm fu ly active in the cells that produced tie 6S phenot-nes of the } r LL 20. stese Link 2e tyoes on each ear. the esr of, aco and yt ak earrying Kernels oa f (8l ix 24 wx), 18 in @ nondigmented be tyee-2 ocroduced the none ak i a 7309.-6 . the in e.ch. aLiong the From the evicen same Loc tion in chr: tlowever, tne pnase o VPOD Weg sister »lanius no prozeny of e.ch like the same dD me diltfe ent. yom in blo nts aerived from stalk of alant 71092-1 renaired in the oreviously toute hose in most » OF these pro seny tlants wiereas opm on the enr or slant 7109b~-2 larwthag axkvue underwent chenge to the ln.cti-ve ornuse ecrly in aevelosinent in svuce “A slants. = co.) rison of a, tible 2 (culture 7456) with . talle 3 (culture 7309) makes this evide>t. sO oro; eny was grown from kernels on the errs of slants in c lture 7409. fests in successive ,ener=tions wore co..ducted, iovever, with pro,.eny of ~pm crrying clenss uerived from | sernels on the self-vollin ved egr of tiller-1 of plant 71l09+-2, «s 1udiec t.d in +, ¥, and D, of trule 3. diernels derived from the unifor.tly pisiented, ot, .x class ef on the self-pollin:ted er of till r-l of elunt 71l0Ojs-2 w re sown under culture number 7308s. bt, ix & rnels showin. s.ail s ots of Gizment in « colorless bocksround were sown uncer » of culture 7308, Cul oliptonuy ae wig. Coles lanl posal colorless, 5t, wx kernels wth s-ecks of piement i. OWA | we @ SReaum uncer v or Culture 7308. he slunts in » of this c.o.scure wece derived fron totally colokbess, bt, wx kernels. Uf tne n.nme tested pliants in « of culture 7303, seven hc no opm. two ol.wncés, hovever, cid h:ve 3pm (olints 7308.-4 ind a-5). +he prodineak 4 tesvs caiducted with the three fertile ¢ rs ef sl nt 7303.-4 were 4a co. Sidered @ filer, anc the kernel tyes on exch were e vered in vile Te honozygous for q Uo One S Pua, Lypltel UNI Lub - As m—-L 5 a 45 +: , : ; tlent 7308-5 WAT. 25) (cless II) @had Bt ond wee s1/4e som. “lt ough no fexrteie er wis ovuterined from teis olant, pollen frou it wes used in ne ux | ; Qu Span es) ead 4 uke ug Verto Bd crosses to two¥plants honosy ous for 2.,, bt and uX 284 bsp no 3H. A A S among the total of 327 kerneis on these e:rs, 1938 were univor. y sisvie ted 10 were diifusely-mo tled, and 119 MExExemkerkeSE had soots of sis: eut in a colorless background. tnowled:e of the BEES SKERxXORX SRM XEXXERAXNXENXNX vs Mutt 4308 B-o Lins. 6 of som with wx came from tests of 4 blants derived from the A Une weg diffusel;s-mottled class of kevnels on one of these enrs, sRe grown uncer . 4 o Lt... ~ 44 : . . . os culture nunber 75544 ( “err 1958, 5, tvle 3). ~pnh wigs in Lts in ctive ph.se in thet oarts of these plinvs and in the cells tn-t g¢- ve rise to all A tested ears. from testeross types e and 3, it was sossiole to 12 rn of a the presence of Som in tnese plas ss, 57 *eateross tyse 2 was covducted with 1 of the e rs of the:ce oLaxts and oy wer, LON in 9 of them, a few kernels shoved the presence of “om in them shel Rong a) them, li.« e of Ypm with wx was cle rly exvressed (a, 6: sle 21), “he Slixs of one e r of slant 75544+3 received pollen “ron 4 plent honozysous Por Bos bt, and wx, and aiso for opm in its active ohsse. from the estaba yy (onot wot reatie of (:x to wx Bo ets Sovlne viany spots of pigrent (th pain che Gano wilt 42 We + ay Quoee from mile p rent) to those kh Ving on y a few suecks of -i,iient ( two in-et A vem from fenele and one active vom from mele) it ws Ofors tnit the YSSAD-3 inactive Som in this pla =e 8 linked with wx.(B, t=ble 21). (Meu¥ 1537-1) +ne plant used *s the pollen p. ent in tne crows tht & ve rise to the A @ x.rnel t)v.es entered in t-ble 21 B wis derived vrom a kernel on tne self- polli. ced er of lat 7308 0-2. aS deseribeo e rlisr, plent 7303-2 wus honoxzye 318 for Bos ot, cnu wx, and aud one Som was present in its 2ctive ee bb row walt at ot plas fy phase, aorre olien, produced by the main ¢ eset snc also i a Po 2 sh of oh Sakae, Teity, ou its three ti ilerse yPluits weve grown in 1958 from k -nels on the self- cud polliy ‘ed ear of sient 7308-2 une r culture nuuber 7538 for tie purpose | pow ua would Kino» ° of obt=i.ing te ter ty 9e-3 prtts. “ince nelther the 2>oce1rince of the A xermnels nor that of the planis derived from then i- dicated whets roor not Ory OR in teem, it wis ot »ossibse to know in “Dll WAS present 6 a o lot dv nee wilich of the plints in culture 7538 csrried spn. fhre-euia be 58 . lorge nunb-r of crosses we e conducted with e ch of the 21 plants in culture 7338 ard with olents currying either a cl:ss I or the cless II m=—L a ea val . st te of A and either wee no -pm or wkéR one or nore “um eleuents in - the iniuctive or the 2etive phase. the results obt:ined from theme Gyu2s (see. D, tebe 3}: indicited th:t spm wis oresent in 15 of the 21 plancs in culture 7538. A do No evicence of its presence was siven by tests co. ducted with 8 pla.ts A z thus, ail crosses cu.uducted witn the e lutter 8 cl-n.s weve testcross : x ty e-2 riteer than the desired testcross ty. e-3. snore tne 18 ote in c iture 7538 in which »pm was present, 7 had one ivtive vom Jou) 6 nad A (-\, -&, 7W,-R-2, -R-4) two active »eom ele -e ts. In five of the lett r slan.s, the som elec:ent - a 3 £ A wis loc ted i: a salir of hoiuvslogues, most prob bly chro ssc e 9, =nd also most prob bly at allelic -ositions in the ienbers of th@ pair. In. (1534-21) one glent, the two spm ele ents weve not loc ced at allelic scositicns in A pair of chro .osu es. & oh opm element was inherited «s if loc ed in one. meniber of e- sch of two ai ferent »vairs of chro o80.es, a . : . . ~ . he kernel ty es ente ed in +» of . sle 21 cume from = tross in (453%-1) walch the polie. pe ent was houozygocs for Bos bt, ona wx, ound for opm in allelic positions in a oair of chro v5. es ,\pl. 536 - it will be noted thut 26 of the 219 kurnels on t is er @ ve no evi. ence of the & atk wey duel diouely we presence of “pm in any one. EHXE ouoh K rnele ose to be exseevcd. “A A vat OH KC 4. » few such kernels = ve r becouse the opm, delivered by tie wile o-rent, snase oefove fertilisation. vtocrs, Hovever, prose from the functi-nirs. of a sverm in wiosce nu .eus *pm was absent, the renovel of “om niving tohen pbhuce eurlicr torougn tne trinssosition mech nism. nernels snou.ing no evicence of the prusence of opm i tuem acpe red on ne rly all e rs produced by crosses of cler.s i.ving two active “mn ele ents, ap vreatl, loc ted at alielie cosit ons in a .air of nonclogues. the fre uency of atoe-ra ce of such Kernels on ears oroduced by crosses conducted with 1) such vlanis is fiven i: t ible 22, cn the ers oroduced by crosses witn nl-nt c:rryin. the cless if si ve of a,” 7, 2 the numocr of k rnels that snovead no “om in them was alwssnys co relre d wit c rnels whose vnenot .»es exoressed the presence of sio e t an tke the number of feearesnt the exyectecd number of Yom 1 n them: the more,tee uniformly visne ted Qu kernels on tee ear, the nore Karnels the e ve e thet suoved 2 "high oom dose" pattern of virieg.tion. awXsnocles of tals ire given in t ble 22, festeve e uae of Spm activity in progeny serived from ¢ ch of the three e-rs poroduzed by slant 7308.+-4 ( 3, table 3). {* phoustpas “y to oy 20eln Lan. producieg eich ear and the x rnel & A A *nhe tyrcef of cross TL teole 7%. tne firet ecr of the main -talk of tris olant wis crossed tee sister vlent, 7308v-2 whieh w.s honogygous for a5 bt and wk ? 6 an VE Wer lorrdiacd bt thet to i end e.rried,©on in its active vhase we : S Lk uno Located Cline te Ly WA 1 ne cuore? Closely Llinked—to-or Showing Si,mented s »ots in a ce lorless b.cksround were selected from this ear, ind tne blants grown from them were =i en c:ltuve number 7570. +nose in a of culture 7570 ca.ie from kevnels tht exaibited many cis.ented s-ots a number of which were lirge in area. beet 2 D f i CS fF oO fet on oO 5p O env red in vw ble 23. the pherot ses of ars vroauced oy testcross tyse-2 is given in A of tes t ble wn. for testeross t: e-3 CA S v ; . aM in 56 of tee t ble. imeluded in this table are the tesiteress co-duct-d A \. eps oa a Meee a with the plants tht were wx t/wx opm, wk ~pm/ wx +, and Jx Som/wx Som the kernels on the first and second e r of the main stulx of olant 7570.-1, and those on tne first e r of the main stelk of clent 7570.-4 ave not mL anong a tot:1 of 100 Bo inciuced as only 1l6,ker»nels,on the e e rs x-ve evidence of the orese:.ce of carrying epm in them of which l was :x snd 15 were wx. Un tne e-vs of plert 7570s-7 and a+8 few kernels were produced. BOVEVEP, Audie those on the e.rs of slant 7570.-7 no evidence of lis. e of “om with wx a ne red. m1 . , 1 iwenty-one of the a2 carr in, k rnels were uniformly visuented (14 ox : 2 7 . 5 (42 - . m-1 . 7 wx) and 36 wese v rie. ted (16 ux : 20 wx). 00g tae 25 ° Carr ing Kernels sn the eors of ciint 7570s-8, 59 were unifor Ly © g.ented (53 ux : 3 wx) and 132 were v rieg>ted (39 .x : 93 wx). ON Pe) from the second e:r of the mein ess ik of elont 73038a-4, St, ox mtr CKenizay Hodh suncel Kornels s.owing soots of pigesent were Selected wid grown in 1358 unaer IN re) culture number 7563. A Si gle »*:m elevent wes preset in e ch of tne 0? ea et be D Ko} es Co oO b B ct ps oO 7 tesved 9 ants in teois culvure ana it was in i.e: cells th t sve ri-e to all 21 tested ers (5, + sle 3). In 6 of the 7 1 olents, Spm wis Linked with :x but in one silent (75034-2) it wos not a linxed with ox. vestero:s ty -e-2 was co duct a with ly of tue 21 eurs and produced the k rnelgtyses shown in «a of t ble 25. festcro:s ty .e-3 was co ducced with an err of two of the olenss tht we e ox onom/wx +. ra Dp oO Kk rnel te ces on these two ers °> e entered in ¥ of t she err of the tiller of plant 7308:.-4 had been u:ed i: A cross with a lant that w.s homozygo .s for Bos bt, and «x and hed no som. bt, §X kKernles on this err that ha s,o0vs of eisme:t in a nonpiguent-d b Geeround ‘any cl ti were sown in 1958 under culture nuuoer 7546. ANOGG tie 12 tests “— 4 in tnis cilture, one wis /x/vx and, hac one wpm. ne remngiring il were and it was «x/we and in 10 of thes one ~>m was present and,linked with wx i e=-ch olont. k .xfux plont hed two -~pm eleuencs, nei of whieh was jlirked with wx nor with one anovher. Jom wis in its aeti e puase in all but one of the 25 testec © «rs of vleonts in culture 7546. testeross type-2 was cu auct-d with @0 of tie 26 eirs im. t steros type-3 ws cy» ducted with 6 of them (second er, main sv.lk of Lants —1,-2, -5, -7, -9, anc -12). the tyces of xernels on the e rs of taese dlants ere entered in a, B, anc »¥ of t ble 26. In 5 and v of t is t ole, link .e of vom, coutrio. ted by tue 7546 p ‘ent, with wx is exnibited not ov .y by the ratios of ker:nels tyses witnin the .x and wx cl .sses, but also by the ontt rn of dizsmenved Scots in tavse h ving vom. tne wunj rity of aX kevrnels exhibited the '1l Yom" o ttern «nu tue aungority of tne wx ke nel ean DL ved tue ‘high aose spr! os tt orn. Spm in obant 7308:-4, derived from thller-1l of pliint 71095-2, «and in the pro,eny of olent 7306..-4 (olonts in cultur-s 7570B, 7570-2, 7553, 7546) exhibited 2 long duration of tne active shise. +nis cola be seen in the plaints theuselves in tht they shoved relusively few L-rge sectors in which »*om was in its in:ctive p.sse. Hons thee re srouuced the on the by tue vlani.s in these cultures, only wwe (first e vy mains. lk of lint 7546-2) was cerived frou xXREREBEXENXERXEXEiNNE ceils in w ich an e rly occurring echan-e 8f “pm,from active to in-ctive, ha d occurred.during develonoment of the ovlant. the long Guration of tne nctivepa se of »ypm likewise ch vact rized its tenmsvior in other -lants in c. iture 74308, els shoving imny small s: ots of Sigment in a colorless bickzround ( 2 Som vattern) were sown uncer 2 of culsu-e 75736 fhe constitution of the te ted slants in tris c _.ure, with respect to Spm nuiser, loc ticsn, and setivity, is indie ted in B t=ble 3 uncer Ler 1958,