BY-LAWS 
OF THE 
* 
DIRECTORS. 
AND 
RULES AND REGULATIONS 
OF THE 
SUPERINTENDENT 
OF THE 
INSANE ASYLUM OF CALIFORNIA. 
STOCKTON: 
INDEPENDENT BOOK AND JOB PRINTING HOUSE. 
1S67. by-laws. 
ARTICLE I. 
BOARD OF DIRECTORS. 
Sec. 1. Election of Officers.—The Board of Directors shall, 
-at their regular monthly meeting in May of each year, organ- 
ize hy electing of their number a President and Vice Presi- 
dent, who shall hold office until the organization of a new 
Board. 
Sec. 2. Mode of Election.—All elections shall be by ballot, 
unless otherwise ordered by a unanimous vote the mem- 
bers present at the time of the organization. Four members 
present at a meeting of the Board shall constitute a quorum 
for business. 
Sec. 3. President.—The President shall preside at all meet- 
ings of the Board ; shall sign all contracts made by the Direc- 
tors, and perform such executive duties as the Board may, 
from time to time, authorize and direct. 
Sec. 4. Vice President.—In the absence of the President, 
the Vice President shall preside at the meetings of the Board, 
and perform all the duties of the President. In the absence 
of both the President and Vice President, the members 
present, if constituting a quorum, may call one of their 
number to the chair, and proceed to the transaction of 
business-. 4 
BY-LAWS, 
Sec. 5. Treasurer.—The Treasurer shall execute a bond in 
the penal sum of tvtf4a£y thousand dollars, with good and 
* sufficient sureties, which bond shall be made payable to the 
State of California and approved by the Directors, and shall 
be conditioned for the faithful performance of all the duties 
of his office, as herein prescribed' and said bond shall be 
filed with the President of the Board of Directors. He shall 
receive, safely keep and disburse all moneys belonging to 
the Asylum, in such manner as shall be directed, from time 
to time, by the Directors; he shall report, in writing, at 
each monthly meeting of the Board, the receipts and dis- 
bursements of all moneys, from all sources, during the pre- 
ceding month; he shall, at the stated meeting of the 
Directors in October, of each year, make a report in full 
upon all business transactions of the Institution for the pre- 
ceding year, ending September 30th—said report showing, 
under appropriate headings, the aggregate monthly receipts 
and expenditures, on the several accounts hereinafter speci- 
fied. 
Sec. 6. Secretary of the Board of Directors.—The Treasurer 
—as Secretary of the Board of Directors—shall attend all 
meetings of the Board; he shall keep, in a book set apart 
for that purpose, a full and accurate record of all the pro- 
ceedings of the Directors; he shall keep the books and have 
charge of the accounts, and perform such other duties as are 
prescribed by law and as the Board may direct. 
ARTICLE II. 
STANDING COMMITTEES. 
The Directors shall, at the time of their organization, 
annually, elect five Standing Committees, to-wit: Audit- 
ing Committee, Finance Committee, Committee on Contracts, 
Committee on Improvements and Repairs, and Visiting Com- 
mittee. 
Sec. 2. Auditing Committee.—The Auditing Committee BY-LAWS, 
5 
shall examine all bills, accounts and reports, touching the 
purchase and distribution of supplies, and enquire into all 
other matters referred to them by the Board. They shall 
meet each month (prior to the monthly meeting of the 
Board), and carefully examine the accounts of the Superin- 
tendent and Steward, with their vouchers, and report upon 
the same, in writing, at the first meeting of the Board there- 
after. 
Sec. 3. Finance Committee.—The Finance Committee shall 
meet each month (prior to the monthly meeting of the 
Board), and carefully examine the books, accounts and 
vouchers of the Treasurer. They shall enquire into all 
business transactions, including the receipt and expenditure 
of money, and perform such other duties as may be directed, 
from time to time, by the Directors. They shall report, in 
writing, at each stated meeting of the Board. 
Sec. 4. Committee on Contracts.—The Committee on Con- 
tracts shall receive, from the Secretary of the Board of 
Directors, all proposals to turnish the Asylum with pro- 
visions, fuel, clothing, etc., as per semi-annual advertise- 
ments, and examine the same with closed doors. They shall 
make a memorandum of all the bids, and present the same— 
designating the lowest—in a written report to the Directors 
at a Special meeting of the Board to be held as soon there- 
after as is practicable. They shall perform all other duties 
in connection with contracts and supplies, referred to them 
from time to time, and shall report on the same, in writing, 
when required to do so by the Board. 
Sec. 5. Committee on Improvements and Bcpairs.—It shall 
be the duty of the Committee on Improvements and 
Repairs to confer with the Superintendent in relation to 
improvements and repairs of the Asylum property, and they 
shall report, in writing, upon the duties performed by them, 
at the first meeting of the Board of Directors holden there- 
after. 
Sec. 6. Visiting Committee.—The Visiting Committee shall 
consist of three members of the Board of Directors, to be 6 
BY-LAWS. 
appointed by the President, whose duty it shall be to visit 
and inspect the Asylum monthly and to report to the Board 
at each regular meeting. 
ARTICLE III. 
meetings of the boaed. 
Sec. 1. Stated Meetings.—The Board shall meet regularly 
on the 10th day of each month, for the transaction of busi- 
ness, except when the 10th occurs on Sunday, the meeting 
shall be on the 8th, amb-extrept -further, for the month" of 
April-ftml for the nronth'of'October, the regular--meeting of 
the<B©frrd shall be on the firsb-Tuesday of-eaid-monrths- 
Sec. 2. Special Meetings.—The President may, at his dis- 
cretion, call a special meeting of the Board at any time, and 
upon the written application of two Directors, or of the 
Superintendent, he shall call a meeting of the Board. When 
such special meeting shall be called, the Secretary shall 
notify each Director, of such meeting, and shall state the 
nature of the business to be acted on. 
Sec. 3. Place of Meeting.—All adjourned meetings, by a 
vote of the Board, and special meetings of the Board, at the 
call of the President, may be held at any designated place. 
ARTICLE IV. 
FINANCE. 
Sec. 1. General Finance.—The money appropriated by 
the State, for the ordinary expenses of the Asylum, shall be 
drawn as follows: At the regular meetings of the Board of 
Directors, in the months of June, September, December and 
March, the Superintendent shall present an estimate of the 
sum required, and for what purposes, for the quarter; and 
for obtaining such sum, the Directors shall sign the estimate BY-LAWS, 
7 
as agreed upon, and upon the estimate so signed, which shall 
be an entry of record, the Treasurer of the Asylum shall 
obtain the money from the State Treasury as prescribed by 
law. 
Sec. 2. The Treasurer shall pay no bills until the same 
have been allowed and ordered paid by the Board of Direct- 
ors, nor shall any disbursements of money be made by him, 
for any purpose, except by order of the Directors. 
ARTICLE V. 
DOMESTIC FINANCES. 
Sec. 1. All contracts, for provisions, fuel and clothing, 
shall be made, by the Directors, as provided by law. 
Sec. 2. All necessary expenditures, other than those for 
supplies furnished by contract, shall be made by the Super- 
intendent, subject to the approval of the Board, as provided 
by law or by the By-Laws of the Directors. 
Sec. 3. All bills for expenditures made under the direction 
of the Superintendent shall be endorsed by him as correct 
before being submitted to the Board for allowance and pay- 
ment. 
Sec. 4. All business transactions for the Asylum, when 
money is to be disbursed, shall be in writing, either by con- 
tracts or by bills, properly itemed and rendered at the time 
of any purchase. Accounts current against the Asylum 
shall be called in at the close of each month, at which time 
they shall be carefully examined by the Auditing Committee, 
with the bills rendered, who shall carefully compare said 
bills with the contracts and with the monthly account of 
expenditures. 
Sec. 5. All bills paid shall be entered in their proper order 
of date, in the financial record, and each entry shall exhibit 
the name of the person to whom paid, its date and total 
amount, and the several items in each account shall be placed 8 
BY-LAWS 
under appropriate headings, so as to show the amount de- 
livered for each class of supplies, as minutely as may be 
required for a clear understanding of the expenditures ol the 
Institution. 
ARTICLE VI. 
RESIDENT OFFICERS. 
Sec. 1. Superintendent.—The Superintendent shall cause 
to be kept correct accounts, in books provided for the pur- 
pose, of all supplies received at the Asylum, and all articles 
used and consumed in the Institution daily; he shall examine 
all articles received, in connection with the bills thereof, 
and, if found correct in regard to quantity, quality, weight, 
number or measurement, as the case may be, he shall direct 
the Steward to make a record of the same, in his invoice, 
book, showing the number of the bill, whom from, and the 
aggregate amount, after which the articles shall be placed in 
the custody of the Steward, and the invoice entered, item by 
item, in a book kept for the purpose. 
At each monthly meeting of the Board, he shall make a 
report, exhibiting the receipts and expenditures of the pre- 
ceding month, arranging the different articles used under ap- 
propriate headings, that the actual cost of each article may 
be correctly shown. 
He shall cause to be kept the “Asylum Account,” the 
“Physician’s Dwelling Account,” the “Office Account” and 
the “ Garden Account,” each separate and distinct from the 
other, and make separate and distinct monthly exhibits of 
each. 
He shall also present,, in connection with the monthly ex- 
hibits of each of the above accounts,, a table showing the 
combined total cost per day and per month, with an average 
cost per day; the average cost of each patient per day, and 
per month, together with any other items of interest and 
utility to the Asylum. BY-LAWS. 
9 
He shall cause to be made out, a table showing the bills 
to be paid on the last month’s expenditures. He shall 
further cause to be kept a correct account of the 
patients received, discharged, died and eloped. Of those re- 
ceived, he shall, at the time of their admission, enter in a 
book provided for the purpose, a condensed copy of the 
commitment, with the facts set forth in the certificate of the 
Examining Physicians accompanying the same, together with 
the condition of each patient at the time of admission. In 
connection with the discharges, deaths and elopements, he 
shall enter the date of the occurrence, with such remarks as 
he may deem proper. 
The Superintendent shall be allowed a Private Secretary 
to assist him in the performance of the duties specified in 
this section, to he appointed by him, with the approval of 
the Directors, in the same manner that other assistants are 
appointed. Said Secretary shall reside in the Asylum, and 
devote his whole time to the interests of the Institution. 
Sec. 2. On the first days of April and October, of each 
year, the Resident Physician shall furnish the Board of Di- 
rectors with a list of articles required for the six months 
following the first days of May and November of each year, 
and the Directors shall then advertise for sealed proposals, 
for furnishing such supplies, as required by the statute. 
The Superintendent shall be the custodian of all bonds 
given the Directors to secure the payment for keeping and 
clothing paying patients, and shall collect all sums due the 
Asylum from the above named class of patients, and account 
for the same in his monthly report to the Directors. 
ARTICLE VII. 
APPOINTMENTS AND DISCHARGES. 
Sec. 1. Appointments.—All appointments of attendants, 
assistants or employees shall be submitted to the Board of 10 
BY-LAWS, 
Directors for approval, at the first regular meeting after such 
appointment or appointments shall have been made. No 
permanent appointment shall be made to fill the place of an 
employee discharged by the Superintendent, until such dis- 
charge shall have been approved by the Directors. 
Sec. 2. Discharges.—No discharge of an employee will be 
deemed absolute and final until approved by the Board of 
Directors. But when any employee has been discharged by 
the Superintendent, said discharge shall operate as a sus- 
pension from office of said employee, and he or she shall not 
perform any of the duties appertaining to his or her station 
until the Directors shall act upon said discharge, when, if 
approved by the Directors said discharge shall go into effect 
at the date it was made by the Superintendent; and if not 
so approved the discharge of the Superintendent shall be 
null and void as regards the pay of said employee and his or 
her continuance in office. 
ARTICLE VIII. 
ASSISTANT PHYSICIAN. 
Sec. 1. The Assistant Physicianjshall superintend the ad- 
ministration of medicines, visit the wards frequently, and 
carefully note the condition, treatment and progress of indi- 
vidual cases; see that the directions of the Superintendent 
are faithfully executed, and promptly report any case of 
neglect or abuse that may come under his observation, or of 
which mi ay be informed. 
Sec. 2. ffe shall assist in devising employment and recre- 
ation for the patients, and endeavor in every way to promote 
their comfort and recovery; keep such records of cases as 
the Superintendent may direct, preparing statistics, 
and conducting correspondence, and lie shall perform such 
other duties of his office as properly belong! thereto. BY-LAWS, 
11 
ARTICLE IX. 
amendments. 
These By-Laws may be amended at any meeting of the 
Board of Directors, by a vote of the majority of the whole 
Board, provided that all amendments shall be proposed in 
writing at a previous meeting of the Board. 
ORDER OF BUSINESS. 
1. Reading of Minutes. 
■Or—Unfimshed~iBusrrreTgs. 
Z. Reports of Standing Committees. 
& Reports of Special Committees. 
-Rrprm&of-Treiretrrer mirf-Secretary./] 
6. New Business. 
§«il oi givjcrtov^. 
A. J. SPENCER,.— San Jose. 
NEWJPQN.JB.0 0 TH, ML.. . .Sacramento. 
N._JE ROBERT, Marysville. 
AUSTIN SPERRY, Stockton. 
E. S. HOLDEN,. “ 
T. R. ANTHONY,.:! 
WM. M. J3AGKJS, “ 12 
RULES AND REGULATIONS. 
RULES AND REGULATIONS OF THE SUPERINTENDENT. 
STEWARD. 
1. The Steward, under the direction of the Superin- 
tendent, shall have a general oversight of the farm, stock, 
garden, grounds, fences, and the buildings, together with all 
the furniture, fixtures and apparatus belonging thereto; and 
see that the same are kept constantly in good order and 
repair. 
2. He shall, under the direction of the Superintendent, 
see that the Institution is timely provided with all necessary 
supplies and conveniences for the support, comfort and 
proper care of its inmates. 
13. He shall receive and store all articles and goods pur- 
chased, either by contract or by order of the Superinten- 
dent ; and be responsible for the safe keeping and economical 
distribution of the same. 
4. In receiving supplies furnished by contract he shall in 
no case receive an article different in kind or quality from 
the sample or description upon which the bid to supply said 
article was based. 
5. He shall keep just, accurate, and methodical accounts 
of all articles received, and all articles purchased by him, 
together with all distributions of supplies to the several RULES AND REGULATIONS. 
13 
departments of the Institution—each and every day’s ac- 
counts, exhibiting in detail, the number, quantity, weight or 
measurement, as the case may be, of each and every article, 
from whom received, and to whom distributed. 
6. On the receipt of supplies, whether obtained under 
contract, or purchased by order of the Superintendent, the 
Steward shall require a bill or invoice of the same, and shall 
enter the aggregate amount, with the date and number of 
the invoice, in a book provided for that purpose. 
7. He shall not suffer anything to be distributed to the 
wards, of either the male or female department, without an 
order from the Superintendent or Assistant Physician, and 
lie shall not furnish anything to the dwelling of the Resi- 
dent Physician, the Asylum kitchen or bakery or to the 
garden or farm, without first entering the same in a pass- 
book provided for the purpose. 
8. He shall assist in maintaining the police regulations 
of the Asylum, observe the deportment of those employed 
in subordinate positions, see that they do their duty, and 
report to the Superintendent any instance of neglect or 
misconduct that he may observe, or of which he may be 
informed; he shall see to the opening and closing of the 
house; that the employees rise and commence their duties 
at the ringing of the bell, and retire at proper season at 
night; that the bell is rung promptly at such hours as may 
be designated, from time to time, by the Superintendent. 
He shall have a general care of the male patients, see that 
they are kindly treated, that their clothes are taken care of, 
that their food is properly cooked, served and distributed, 
that the rooms, passages and other apartments are kept clean 
and properly warmed and ventilated, and that everything 
pertaining to the Asylum property is kept in order. 
9. Under the direction of the Superintendent he shall 
attend to engaging and discharging subordinate officers, 
attendants and assistants. 
10. The Steward shall be required to devote his whole 
time to the interests of the Institution, assist, in every way 14 
RULES AND REGULATIONS. 
in his power, to preserve order in the house, and faithfulness 
among the employees, and see that all the rules and regula- 
tions of the Asylum are fully observed. 
MATRON. 
1. The Matron shall, under the direction of the Superin- 
tendent, have charge of the female department of the Asy- 
lum. She shall be with the female patients, in all the wards, 
as much as possible; see that they are kindly treated; that 
their food is properly cooked, served and distributed; that 
their apartments are kept clean and in good order, and prop- 
erly warmed and ventilated; that the female employees 
attend to their duties in all respects, and report to the 
Superintendent any departure, on their part, from the rules 
and regulations of the Institution. 
2. The bedding, table linen, napkins, and drapery furni- 
ture, carpets, table covers, and all similar property of the 
female department, as well as the clothing of the female 
patients, shall be under her general care and supervision. 
She shall direct the employment and amusement of all the 
inmates of the female wards; in short, she shall be required 
to look frequently and carefully into every interest connected 
with her department; and thus, by devoting her whole time 
to the Institution, aid in every way in her power, in securing 
the comfort and recovery of the patients, and the general 
welfare of the Asylum. 
3. She shall keep a book, in which she shall note, or 
cause to be noted, the absence of all attendants and assist- 
ants and the length of time of such absence; and she will 
be required to know at all times who of the attendants or 
assistants, if any, are off duty. Said book shall always be 
snbject to the examination of the Superintendent and As- 
sistant Physician. 
1. The Supervisors shall spend their whole time, not ap- 
propriated to other duties, in the immediate oversight of 
SUPERVISORS. RULES AND REGULATIONS. 
15 
their respective departments. They shall continually visit 
the halls, dormitories and yards, and see that the rules and 
regulations of the Superintendent are strictly observed, and 
that the directions of the medical officers are faithfully car- 
ried out by the attendants and all other persons employed 
therein. 
2. They shall particularly attend to the maintenance of 
personal cleanliness among the patients, and to the neatness 
and good order of their apartments, clothes and bedding; 
and shall see that such of their clothing and bedding as may 
need cleansing and repairing, are collected every morning 
and respectively sent to the laundry and sewing rooms. 
3. They shall see that the rooms and halls are properly 
ventilated and warmed. 
4. They shall be present at the admission and discharge 
of the patients of their respective departments; see that all 
money, jewelry and other valuables are deposited in the 
office for safe keeping; take charge of their clothing, enter- 
ing in a book kept for that purpose each article; see that 
they have nothing dangerous about their persons; see that 
the things belonging to them are marked, preserved, cleansed 
and distributed as required; and that all their clothing and 
effects are restored to them at the time of their discharge. 
5. They shall give particular attention to the sick, seeing 
that they are properly cared for, and kindly treated by the 
attendants, and that the medicines prescribed are adminis- 
tered as directed. 
6. They shall see that the patients are properly clad— 
that their clothing is neatly adjusted, shoes tied, stockings 
up—and that they present at all times, so far as possible, a 
tidy and decent appearance. 
7. They shall endeavor to encourage the attendants in 
their efforts to attain a higher tone of duty in their relations 
with the patients and each other, and to cultivate in their 
manner and personal habits, a feeling of self-respect and 
politeness. They shall endeavor to encourage in them a 
sentiment of respect for the officers of the Institution, so 16 
RULES AND REGULATIONS. 
that the patients may be inspired with confidence in them. 
They shall communicate freely with the Superintendent as 
to the fitness of attendants, and any want of faithfulness they 
may observe; also as to any deficiencies in the food, or in 
the washing. And in general, they shall be responsible for 
the proper deportment of the attendants—to whom they are 
expected to be a correct guide and example. 
8. The Supervisor of the male department shall keep a 
book in which he shall note the absence of all attendants 
and assistants, and the length of time of such absence. And 
he is required to know at all times who of them, if any, are 
off duty. 
ATTENDANTS. 
1. The attendants shall have the immediate and constant 
care and supervision of the patients. 
A few general facts and principles should be constantly- 
kept in mind by all persons connected with the management 
of the insane, but more especially by their attendants, into 
whose never-ceasing care and keeping they are entrusted. 
1st. Insanity is always connected, in some manner, with 
bodily infirmity. 
2d. There is usually a loss of all sense of moral obligation, 
or ability to distinguish between right and wrong, and, 
therefore, irresponsibility for words and actions. 
3d. There is a full appreciation of all acts of kindness or 
cruelty, and in general a perfect recollection of them after 
restoration, and in after life. 
4th. There is usually a morbid or exalted sensitiveness in 
relation to what is due to them in attention and general 
deportment; and, consequently, irritation, excitement or 
anger, at either real or imagined neglect or improprieties of 
treatment. 
5th. The frequent recurrence of excitements aggravates 
and perpetuates the disease. RULES AND REGULATIONS. 
17 
6th. The more the mind dwells upon or is reminded of 
hallucinations or delusions, the more permanently are they 
fixed; so is the reverse true, that the more they are driven 
from the mind, by occupation with other thoughts and ideas, 
the sooner do they disappear altogether. 
These few principles are the basis of the following rules 
and regulations for attendants: 
2. Deportment to Patients.—In all their intercourse with the 
patients they must treat them with respect and civility— 
address them in a mild and gentle tone of voice, avoiding all 
violence and rudeness, or undue familiarity, nicknames, or 
disrespectful terms. All civil questions are to be properly 
answered; all reasonable requests promptly attended to; 
they must never speak to them of their delusions, nor to 
others in their hearing ; never allow them to be laughed at 
or ridiculed, or harshly spoken to on account of their delu- 
sions or peculiarities. Deception is never to be used, nor 
promises made without expecting their fulfillment. 
They should never manifest fear of a patient—should keep 
cool under every provocation—never scold them or dictate 
authoritatively. When firmness and decision are required, 
they should be softened by mildness and kindness. When 
force is required, if it be with tact and kindness* a pleasant 
smile, cheerful and explanatory wrords, and sympathizing 
manner, but little will be needed. Under no circumstances 
will a kick, a blow, or similar violence, be excused, except in 
the clearest case of self-defence. 
3. Deportment Generally.—Attendants are required to be 
neat and cleanly in their dress, courteous and respectful to the 
officers, to one another, and to all persons, never wearing 
their hats within doors, or going in their shirtsleeves; never 
to use profane or vidgar language; never to lounge upon the 
tables, or other furniture, or upon the floor; never to be 
noisy or boisterous, to be cheerful without levity, and to be 
respectively gentlemanly and lady-like in all things. 
4. When abroad, or to visitors, or to any one not con- 
nected with the Asylum, they are directed never to report 18 
RULES AND REGULATIONS. 
the conduct, conversation, peculiarities, or even the names 
of patients, and never to speak disrespectfully of the Insti- 
tution, its officers or any of the employees. 
5. Of Rising and Morning Duties.—They must rise 
punctually at the ringing of the morning bell, and take 
charge of the hall—open the bed-room doors of the patients, 
give them a cheerful greeting—see that they are properly 
washed and dressed, hair combed and clothing and shoes in 
good order. Immediately upon rising, all beds are to be 
opened for airing—foul ones to be removed and cleansed, 
dried and refilled—and when sufficiently aired they are to be 
made up—the bed-rooms and corridors swept, and every- 
thing put in the best possible order by 9 o’clock a. h., and 
thus maintained through the day. 
6. Of Meals.—They must see that all patients are up, 
and prepared for breakfast at the prescribed hour, and duly 
ready for all other meals. All patients must take their 
meals at the table, except when sick, when confined to their 
rooms, or when otherwise directed. The food is to be 
promptly served by the attendants while warm and in good 
order, not only to those at the table, but to those in their 
rooms. Those confined are to be served first. At table the 
preferences of patients, their likes and dislikes and peculiari- 
ties of taste, are, as far as possible to be attended to. 
Knives and forks or other dangerous weapons, are never to 
be left in the possession of patients. After each meal they 
are to be counted, and if any are missed, prompt measures 
are to be taken for their recovery. Immediately after each 
meal, the dining room must be put in complete order for the 
next. Attendants must not linger at their own meals, nor 
in going to or from them. Patients must not be hurried 
away from the tables before they are done eating; and 
especial care must be taken to give ample time to the aged 
and feeble. 
7. Food that has been handled, or rendered unfit for use, 
shall be sent back in a receptacle provided for the purpose, RULES AND REGULATIONS. 
19 
but whatever is fit to be served in another form shall be 
carefully laid aside for future consumption. 
8. Some very plain food shall be kept in the dining-room 
closets, for the use of those whose meals may have been in- 
terrupted, or for old persons, or for convalescent patients, 
who sometimes require food oftener than under ordinary cir- 
cumstances. 
9. The meals of the patients shall be served promptly at 
the hour appointed by the Superintendent. 
10. The time appointed for patients’ meals is as follows: 
From March 21 to September 21—breakfast at 6 o’clock 
a. m., dinner at 12 o’clock m., and supper at 6 o’clock p. m. 
From September 21 to March 21, they shall have dinner at 
12 o’clock m., and the hour for breakfast and supper shall be 
changed from time to time so that breakfast shall come as 
near sunrise, and supper as near sunset, as practicable. 
11. The steam whistle will blow fifteen minutes before 
each meal, when all outside attendants and employees, with 
the patients under their charge, will leave off work and pre- 
pare for meals. Meal time will be announced—fifteen min- 
utes after the whistle blows—by the ringing of the bell. 
12. Of Cleanliness.—Every part of the corridors, halls 
and rooms, must be kept scrupulously neat and clean. 
“ Nothing is clean enough that can he made cleaner,” is a rule 
which must be strictly observed. All the floors must be 
scrubbed weekly, and oftener when necessary, and must be 
swept each day as often as required to keep them clean. 
When unpleasant odors are observed the cause must be 
removed instantly. Clean sheets and pillow-cases are to be 
put on each bed, at least once a week, and oftener if required 
by being soiled. 
Medicine—The attendants must give all medicines as 
directed by the Physicians. Patients are never to be forced 
to take medicines, food or baths, when persisting in refusal, 
except when directed in each case. All such refusals must 
be reported to the Supervisor who will inform the attending 
Physician. Any striking or unexpected effect of medicines 20 
RULES AND REGULATIONS. 
must be immediately reported. All new cases of sickness 
and all alarming or dangerous symptoms in those already 
sick must be reported to the medical officer without delay. 
Medicine cases must be kept locked. 
13. Bathing.—All patients must be bathed in tepid 
water once a week, unless otherwise directed, and oftener if 
desired by the patients, or required for personal cleanliness. 
Cold baths are to be used only under special directions. 
14. Shaving.—The shaving is to be done by the attend- 
ants at stated intervals, once a week or as directed by the 
Superintendent; and when patients desire it oftener, they 
are to be gratified. Patients must not shave themselves nor 
handle razors. There must be no patients present but those 
beiim shaved. Razors must be well secured when not in 
O 
use. 
15. Clothing.—The attendants must see that the patients 
change their clothes regularly, at stated periods, and reason- 
able requests as to changing oftener, and as to particular 
articles of dress, are to be gratified. They must be kept 
tidy and neat, shoes tied, stockings drawn up, clothing but- 
toned, hooked, pinned, tied as the case may be, and all the 
clothing properly adjusted. They must be constantly kept 
from careless or slovenly habits. 
When patients wet or soil their clothes they are to be 
changed immediately; and as often as is necessary to keep 
them dry and comfortable. 
Clothing and all articles needed for patients, or for the 
rooms and halls, are to be called for daily until furnished. 
The attendants, with the aid of the patients, shall do the 
repairing of patients’ clothing. 
16. Walking.—All patients not too feeble or violent, 
should be got out into the grounds and open air when prac- 
ticable, and the weather is suitable. They must be kept 
together when walking. They must not enter any house, 
store or other building, or go into the city without permis- 
sion. Attention must be given to prevent the delivery or 
reception of letters or anything else prohibited; and the RULES AND REGULATIONS. 
21 
most vigilant care must be observed to prevent elopements. 
Each attendant will be responsible for his or her own 
patients. 
Patients should never be out of the house after supper— 
and must never be taken off the Asylum grounds on the 
Sabbath, except by permission of some superior officer, or 
'when allowed to go to some place of worship. 
17. Out-Boor Work.—For the benefit of patients they 
will be permitted and encouraged to engage in out- 
door work, under the care of attendants or other sub- 
ordinates. None will be taken from the halls or yards 
for this purpose except by direct intervention of. the 
Supervisor. If permitted to go out even by order of the 
Superintendent, said order will be given with the under- 
standing that notice is first to be given to the Supervisor. 
They must not be overworked nor permitted to overwork 
themselves, nor to work against their will, neither must they 
be asked to do that which they may feel to be degrading. 
The attendants must work with the patients, and be careful 
not to appear to be ordering or superintending, but to direct 
by example, assistance and advice. Any disposition to 
escape must be reported without delay, to the Supervisor. 
The person into whose charge patients are delivered is 
responsible for their safe return, and they must see them 
enter the yard or the ward whence they were taken. 
18. Amusements and Employments.—Patients should be 
as constantly as possible engaged in some pleasant kind of 
employment or amusement, and every effort should be made 
to induce them to do so. The attendants should constantly 
devise ways and means to this end. 
19. Mechanical Restraint.—The use of restraining appa- 
ratus is prohibited except by express permission of the 
Superintendent or Assistant Physician. Seclusion to a pri- 
vate room, or the personal care of the attendants must be 
employed until further directions can be obtained. When- 
ever a patient becomes so noisy or violent as to demand 
seclusion, ample aid should be procured, and if force be 22 
RULES AND REGULATIONS. 
required, it should be used in a firm and decided, but mild 
and gentle manner, without any anger or appearance of 
anger. The reasons should be pleasantly and kindly ex- 
plained, and the act reported to the Physicians. 
20. No patient’s door is to be left unlocked at night ex- 
cept by permission. On retiring the patient’s clothing is to 
be placed within the hall, the doors locked, lights extin- 
guished, and the attendants are to repair to their respective 
rooms. 
21. Suicidal Patients.—Persons known to be suicidal 
must be kept in every way under the closest surveillance, 
and yet be treated with the greatest kindness and sympathy 
—cheered and enlivened—and the subject must never be 
alluded to. Knives, razors and sharp pointed scissors must 
not be allowed to any patients except in certain exceptional 
cases. Clothing, rooms and beds must be often searched for 
such articles. The Watchman must be kept informed by 
the Supervisors of all suicidal cases. 
22. Assistant attendants shall be under the direction of 
the attendants, but the work shall be as equally divided be- 
tween them as possible. 
WATCHMAN. 
1. The duties of the Watchman will commence at half- 
past seven o’clock p. m., at which time he will visit the office 
to receive instructions for the night. 
2. He must, while on duty, be faithful and vigilant; visit 
every part of the male department, at least every hour dur- 
ing the night, making as little noise as possible, never con- 
versing in a loud tone, and opening and shutting the doors 
as quietly as possible. 
3. He must be kind, gentle and soothing in his manners 
to the patients, and use every means in his power to tran- 
quilize those who are excited, and to allay the fears and ap- 
prehensions of the timid; he will pay particular attention to RULES AND REGULATIONS. 
23 
the sick, the suicidal, and those recently admitted; will see 
that the patients are properly supplied with water, when it 
is asked for, and will attend to all other reasonable wants; 
will notice any unusual noise in the patients’ rooms, endeavor 
to ascertain the cause, and, if necessary, report the same to 
the Attendant; he will notice anything unusual occurring 
during the night, and enter the same on a slate provided for 
the purpose, and he shall report any irregularities, neglect of 
duty, or violation of rules, which may come under his 
notice. 
4. It will be the duty of the Watchman to look after the 
heating apparatus during the night; he must be very watch- 
ful against fire, and in case of its occurrence, must report 
immediately to the Superintendent and officers without giv- 
ing general alarm; he shall keep the hose and fire-ladders 
always in good order, and in readiness for use; he. shall ring 
the bell at the hour for rising in the morning, and he shall 
perform such other duties as may be required of him. At 
six o’clock a. m., he will be relieved by the Porter, and his 
services will not be demanded again till the time for duty in 
the evening. 
WATCHWOMAN. 
1. The Watchwoman shall have charge of the interior of 
the female department during the night. In the manage- 
ment of the patients, and in the discharge of other duties, 
she must be governed by the rules and regulations laid down 
for the government of the Watchman. 
PORTER. 
1. The time of service of the Porter commences and ends 
in alternation with that of night watchman. Cleaning, 
heating and lighting the front rooms of the centre building 24 
RULES AND REGULATIONS, 
belong to him; he shall see that the front windows and doors 
are kept secure during the day, and that visitors about the 
premises do not transgress the rules of propriety by talking 
with the patients at the windows. 
2. He shall keep about the front entrance and rooms of 
the centre building, unless absent on duty; he shall attend 
to all messages, when required, and receive and conduct 
visitors—observing toward all the utmost politeness and 
attention; and he shall perform such other duties as may be 
required of him. 
OVERSEERS OF LAUNDRY. 
1. The overseers of the laundry shall have charge of the 
house and furniture of the laundry; they will be held re- 
sponsible for the safe-keeping of the clothing delivered to 
them, until they are washed, ironed and returned, in a suit- 
able condition for immediate use, to the assorting rooms, 
and placed in the charge of the Supervisors. 
2. They shall keep the house and furniture in good order, 
and see that everything is safely locked up at night; they 
shall observe the general rules and regulations of the Insti- 
tution, and see that they are observed by all who are em- 
ployed under them, and shall report any remissness, or neg- 
lect of duty, to the Superintendent or Steward. 
CARPENTER. 
1. The Carpenter shall have charge of the work-shop, 
tools, etc., belonging to his department of labor; he shall 
attend to the repairs, alterations, and improvements made 
under the direction of the Superintendent or Steward. 
2. He shall keep a book in which shall be entered the 
amount of lumber used, and for what purpose. 
3. He shall make a report to the Clerk at the end of each 
month. RULES AND REGULATIONS. 
25 
FARMER AND GARDENER. 
1. The Farmer, under the direction and control of the 
Steward, shall have in his immediate charge, the lands used 
for farming purposes; the farming implements, the horses, 
cattle, hogs, chickens and produce of the farm, together 
with the hay, grain, straw, etc., purchased and delivered at 
the Asylum. 
2. He shall keep a book, in which, under the head ol 
General Accounts, he shall charge the farm with wages 
paid for labor; the cost of farming implements; the amount 
paid for blacksmithing; for grain, hay, bran, shorts, straw, 
etc., purchased and delivered to him; and all other articles 
or items of expenditure for farming purposes. Under the 
same head, he will credit the farm with all products; with 
the labor of himself and hands in making fences, gates, put- 
ting up buildings, etc., together with all articles that may 
be sold. 
3. He will also keep separate accounts under the follow- 
ing heads—For the Asylum : For Hogs : For Cattle. On 
account for the Asylum, he will charge every article of pro- 
duce, grain, hay, straw, etc., together with the pork, beef, 
veal, chickens, etc., delivered from time to time, to the 
Steward, for the use of the Asylum, and credit the “Asy- 
lum” with every article, of whatever nature or kind, pur- 
chased by the St** vard and placed in his keeping. On 
account for “Hogs, ' he will charge the amount paid for all 
expenses. He will credit the number and weight of hogs 
sold, and the amount of pork supplied. On account for 
“Cattle” he will charge—amount paid for cattle purchased; 
amount paid for grain, hay, shorts, bran, etc., fed per day, 
and the amount of any other expenditure incurred for cattle. 
He will credit the quantity of milk and butter obtained 
daily, and the number and weight of cattle fatted and killed, 
including the hides and tallow. 
4. The Farmer will be held responsible for the safe 
keeping of all grain, hay, straw, bran, shorts, cattle, hogs, 26 
RULES AND REGULATIONS. 
horses, farming implements, or anything else connected with 
the farm, and the Steward shall see that no such article is 
left at the Asylum, unless received and checked by the Sec- 
retary. 
5. The Farmer will be careful to confer often with the 
Steward in reference to all matters pertaining to his charge, 
give timely notice as to all his wants, and he shall be faithful 
and industrious in the use of every means in his power to 
render the farm productive .and profitable to the Asylum. 
G. He shall make a report, embracing all the business 
transactions of the farm, whenever required to do so by the 
Superintendent. 
7. He, with the aid of such patients as can be taken out 
for that purpose, shall have the care of the orchard, garden, 
and the grounds around the Asylum and Physician’s house; 
he shall have charge of the cultivation of the vegetables, 
fruits and flowers, and he will be held responsible for their 
safe keeping and delivery at the Asylum, as directed from 
time to time, by the Superintendent or Steward. 
8. He shall keep a pass-book, in which shall be entered 
by the Steward, the number, weight or measurement of the 
products of the garden and orchard, delivered from time to 
time, to the Asylum, and shall report the same to the Clerk 
monthly. 
9. As the fruits and flowers are intended for the use of 
the patients, the Gardener is enjoined n i to permit visitors, 
or employees, to pluck, or otherwise dioturb them, without 
permission from the Superintendent. 
CHIEF COOKS. 
1. The chief cook of the male department shall have t:he 
general charge, under the direction of the Steward, of all 
the cooking for the patients and attachees of the old Asylum 
building and its dependent wards and departments, including 
the employees on the farm and garden. RULES AND REGULATIONS. 
27 
2. The chief cook of the female department, under the 
direction of the Matron, shall have charge of the cooking 
for the inmates and attachees of the new Asylum building 
and its dependencies. 
3. They shall take care of the supplies for their respec- 
tive kitchens and prepare the food as may be directed, and 
see to its proper distribution and delivery to the various 
wards. 
4. They shall personally take care of the fires and lights 
and see that their respective apartments are properly closed 
for the night. 
5. They shall be mainly responsible for the conduct of 
such help as they may require in the performance of their 
duties. 
ENGINEERS. 
1. The Engineers will have charge of their respective 
engine rooms, engines, boilers, pumps, steam and water 
pipes, tanks and other machinery, apparatus and tools con- 
nected with their several apartments. They will see that 
they are all kept neat, clean and in good order. 
2. They will run their respective engines and pumps, 
and will keep up steam so long each day as may be required 
to accomplish the object for which they are respectively 
used. 
3. They should not admit company of visitors into their 
apartments without permission of the Superintendent. 
APOTHECAEY. 
1. The Apothecary, under the direction of the Resident 
and Assistant Physician, shall have charge of the Dispensary, 
see that it is kept neat and clean and supplied with the 
necessary assortment of medicines; he shall keep the medi- 28 
RULES AND REGULATIONS. 
cines arranged in an orderly and systematic manner and 
technically labelled with printed labels. He shall also have 
charge of the surgical instruments, and all other instruments 
and things appropriately belonging to this department; and 
he shall see that they are always kept clean, in order for use, 
and in their proper place. 
2. He shall prepare, put up and deliver to the several 
wards the medicinel prescribed by the Resident and Assist- 
ant Physicians, with the directions and name of the patient 
to whom it is to be administered, plainly written upon the 
vial or package. 
3. He shall every month, or oftener, clear the ward med- 
icine cases of all discontinued medicines, and empty vials 
and boxes, and return the same to the Dispensary. 
4. He shall assist the Assistant Physician in keeping the 
“Case Book” in which shall be recorded the cases of pa- 
tients under treatment and recently admitted, describing 
therein their condition, symptoms, the changes that may occur 
from time to time, the mode of treatment, and all the peculiar 
circumstances connected with each case. 
5. He shall take the meteorological observations, under 
the direction of the Superintendent, and keep a register of 
the same. 
6. He may assist in attending to visitors. 
7. He will not allow patients in his apartment. MISCELLANEOUS REGULATIONS. 
29 
GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS REGULATIONS. 
1. The whole time of employees should be devoted to 
the Institution. 
2. They must never work for themselves during the 
hours of duty. 
3. They shall not employ or permit patients to work for 
them, or for others, without permission from the Superin- 
tendent. 
4. They shall not receive any gratuity or present from 
patients or their friends without the consent of the Superin- 
tendent. 
5. Attendants are not to make a practice of visiting each 
others’ wards except on necessary errands. 
6. They must never leave their halls unattended, or 
without a substitute. 
7. They must not retire to their rooms during duty 
hours, for reading, writing, sewing, napping and so forth. 
8. Employees must not take friends or others into the 
wards without permission. 
9. They must not lend their keys, and must be ever care- 
ful not to lose them. 
10. They should not visit departments to which they do 
not belong except on business or by permission. 30 
MISCELLANEOUS REGULATIONS. 
11. They must always regard the affairs of the Asylum 
as confidential, and never make them the subject of conver- 
sation with those unconnected with it. 
12. All known abuses, improprieties and violations of 
rule must be reported to the Superintendent. 
13. No intoxicating liquors shall be used in the Asylum 
or upon the premises, except as prescribed by the Physicians 
for medicinal purposes. 
14. No person addicted to gambling, or of intemperate 
habits, or of immoral character, will be employed in the In- 
stitution. 
15. Ward Attendants will not be allowed to leave the 
Asylum without permission of the Superintendent or Assist- 
ant Physician. 
16. Male Attendants wfill invariably notify the Super- 
visor before leaving, and report to him immediately on their 
return, or the time at which they returned. 
17. Female Attendants shall in like manner give notice 
of leaving and report time of returning to the Matron; and 
in the absence of the Physicians the Matron may grant leave 
of absence to female attendants in cases of emergency. 
18. Other employees will not be permitted to leave their 
business during the hours of duty, without permission of 
the Superintendent, or in his absence, of the Steward. 
19. Employees on the farm should not be granted leave 
of absence without first consultim? the fanner. 
20. The Steward shall keep an account of the time out- 
side employees are absent during duty hours. 
21. All employees leaving must hang up their keys in 
the place provided for that purpose. 
22. Non-residents will not be permitted to remain in the 
Institution at night without the knowledge and permission 
of the Superintendent. 
23. All employees must be ready to perform extra duty 
in cases of emergency. MISCELLANEOUS REGULATIONS. 
31 
24. All letters, or other writing, parcels or packages, to 
or from the patients, must be shown the Superintendent or 
Assistant Physician, before being sent away or delivered to 
the patient. 
25. All money, jewels or other valuables found on pa- 
tients, and all sums left or sent for their benefit must be de- 
posited in the office of the Superintendent. 
26. All employees in their treatment of, and deportment 
towards patients, will observe the rules prescribed for the 
government of the attendants. 
27. No conversation shall be held with patients through 
the windows; and no person is allowed to stand by the win- 
dows, attracting the attention and listening to the talk of 
patients. 
28. No male person whatever, except officers in the dis- 
charge of regular duty, shall visit the apartments, or enter 
the building occupied by the female patients, without ex- 
press permission of the Superintendent or Assistant Physi- 
cian. 
29. Visitors may be admitted into the Institution from 
10 to 12 a. m., and from 2 to 4 p. m.—Sundays and holidays 
excepted; and male visitors excepted as regards the Female 
Department. 
30. In his absence, the Assistant Physician will exercise 
the authority and perform the duties of the Superintendent. 
Insane Asylum of California, ) 
Stockton, January 1, 1867. ) 
G. A. SHURTLEFF, 
Resident Physician and Superintendent. a. fi. JVf. (D., 
Superintendent. 
fi. CLJH(K, J£. Q., 
i. s. ji- Q-, 
Assistant GPhysicians. 
sf