J limMIIHIfe i li ft/? THE MASKED PARTY AT THE BIDDLEWICKER'S. 
[See Chapter VIII.] rM4.«fW^4/1 
- 'l'' 
LOwbwiw 11 
WOf ■AX-U - i 
®L ®S?®KSH* 
Mantey 
Bv E. B. FO'O 
Author of Medical common sense" 1&X 
PLAIN HOME TALK&cyK IM'.W 
®11!! /> fiJ ' . 
129 East VZ/W) , 
MwtmaL 
-VOLTTME IV. ■C<y k 'Rtten-daavrdinffffaatfCvnwrsstnihf vearl<S74 
fTwuMBmthe ernetfiheLWMVOJi | CHAPTER I. 
THE LECTURER TUBBS 
F no one of my impa- 
tient or mischievous 
readers has touched the 
secret spring to which 
reference was made in 
closing the last volume, 
then circumstances must 
have done so, for here 
I am again, and loaded 
down, too, with news, 
like the small boy un- 
der your window, cry- 
ing, " 'Ere's the 'Erald, 
Tribune, Times, and World ! " First let me tell 
you that there is a large handbill posted about the 
streets which announces that Doctor Samuel 
Tubbs will deliver a lecture at the Johnson Dis- 
pensary on Twenty-seventh Street, on the evening 6 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
of the 7th of January, at eight o'clock. Subject, 
The Brain* 
Sammy himself knows nothing of this poster 
yet, but I can tell you who does-Doctor Winkles. 
He is closeted at this moment with his particular 
SAMMY'S HANDBILL. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
7 
friend, Doctor Hubbs, talking the matter over. 
The boy knows that he is engaged to lecture, for 
he promised his old friend Mr. Johnson that he 
would do so on the subject and night already 
named, but he has not the slightest knowledge of 
the fact that the lecture is advertised in all that 
portion of the city bounded by Twenty-third 
and Forty-second Streets, Broadway and Ninth 
Avenue, excepting, mind you, the route which 
Sammy always takes in going back and forth be- 
tween the Doctor's and his Twenty-seventh Street 
home. Old Mr. Johnson, fearing that the hand- 
bill might make the young lecturer feel that he 
had undertaken too much, directed the little col- 
ored boys who gratuitously posted the announce- 
ments, to avoid the blocks which Sammy fre- 
quented. 
The little practitioner is at this very moment at 
the Dispensary attending as usual, during the 
morning hours, to his patients, while Doctor Win- 
kles has taken advantage of his absence at this 
time in the day from the office of his employer, to 
see Doctor Hubbs about the announcement of the 
lecture. 8 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
Doctor Winkles is again astonished that Doctor 
Hubbs should allow the " old fool to make a young 
fool of Sammy." 
Doctor Hubbs protests his innocence and even 
ignorance of the whole matter. He is very much 
surprised that Sammy should have undertaken 
such a thing without consulting him, but he is in- 
clined to believe that the boy will prove equal to 
the emergency. 
Both gentlemen conclude that it is too late to 
interfere either to prevent the lecture, or to give 
the young lecturer any assistance, for, according to 
the date announced, it is to come off this very 
evening. 
" I want to attend," said Doctor Winkles, " and 
see what the presumptuous young fellow will do. 
I'll bet you anything he will utterly break down 
if there should be many people present, white as 
well as black, for there is nothing in the poster 
that says that the lecture is intended for colored 
people only." 
" Don't you go ! " exclaimed Doctor Hubbs, 
with decided emphasis. "Your presence alone 
would have a worse effect upon Sammy than a THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
9 
room full of people. He certainly would break 
down if he should see your critical eyes behind 
those well-known glasses. Surprised as I am that 
the boy should go headlong into anything like this 
without advising with those whom he has reason 
to regard as his best friends, I know of no pun- 
ishment that would be more cruel than for you to 
intrude your presence there. Now, Winkles, do 
you stay at home, unless professional business calls 
you out; and if called, see to it that your uncon- 
querable curiosity does not take possession of you 
before you get back, and, when back, turn the key 
in your door, with yourself on the right side of it." 
" But everybody is invited to attend," insisted 
the persistent Doctor Winkles. " He must have 
known that we should probably see the posters, 
and that if we did we should likely be among his 
listeners." 
" Well, well! " rejoined Doctor Hubbs, entirely 
out of patience with his old friend, who seemed 
ever ready to put Sammy under some new tor- 
ture ; "if the boy wanted either of us there, we 
should have received ere this a direct invitation. 
Perhaps the very reason he has kept so still about 1O 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
it is because of the fear that you might attend, 
Winkles. I did not think of it before, but I am 
inclined to believe that this is the real cause of Sam- 
my's silence. He remembers how mercilessly you 
pursued him when old Mr. Johnson put up a sign 
bearing his name. Very 
likely he, too, has been 
pressed against his own 
modest convictions into 
this new enterprise, and 
has decided to try it once 
before speaking of it to 
either of us, trusting that 
we will be too much 
taken up with our own 
professional labors to stop 
still on the sidewalk and 
read handbills on the 
fences. And I must say 
now," continued the visibly excited man, " that I 
do not believe I should have seen those posters if 
you had not called my attention to them. Let us 
not talk any more in derision of meddlesome old 
maids and gossiping Mrs. Grundys, for there are 
THERE ARE MR. GRUNDYS. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
11 
no more such characters among women than there 
are among men." 
Doctor Winkles felt not a little cut by this re- 
mark, and a forced laugh broke from his lips as 
Doctor Hubbs concluded. " Then you think," 
said the former, taking 
up his hat to leave, 
" that it is not the fair 
thing for us to go around 
there to-night ? I frankly 
confess that I cannot 
view the question in the 
same light that you do. 
When a person is going 
to lecture, and announces 
it with flaming handbills, 
I am stupid enough to 
take it for granted that 
he wants every one who 
can to attend." Saying this, the visitor walked 
towards the door, while Sammy's true friend and 
apologist, returning to a persuasive tone, made a 
last appeal to Doctor Winkles to stay away from 
the Johnson Dispensary on the occasion of the 
AS WELL AS MRS. GRUNDYS. 12 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
boy's first appearance as a lecturer. " Give the 
rash lad a reasonable chance," he added. 
Although his professional friend stood out to the 
last in not committing himself, Doctor Hubbs re- 
turned to his office-room, at the conclusion of the 
interview, feeling quite confident that his appeal 
would be heeded. While he sat there alone, think- 
ing the matter over, in walked Sammy looking as 
unconcerned as if he had nothing but his usual 
duties on hand for the coming evening. 
"Remarkable youth!" exclaimed the Doctor 
to himself in an undertone, not intending to be 
heard, after watching the boy's movements for a 
few moments. 
"Did you speak to me?" inquired Sammy, 
turning suddenly from the bookcase, in which he 
was replacing Scudder's "Theory and Practice," 
which he had brought home with him from the 
Dispensary. 
" No, I did not, but I want to," replied the 
Doctor. " Are you going to deliver a lecture to- 
night on the subject of the Brain ? " 
It was well that Sammy had put the book away 
before this inquiry reached his ears, or he would cer- THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
13 
tainly have dropped it, so greatly was he overcome 
with both surprise and embarrassment. Finally 
rallying a little, he said, in a hesitating manner, " I 
am, to please Mr. Johnson, going to give a kind of 
conversational lecture. I don't know how I shall 
make out, but to gratify 
him I thought I would 
just try." The boy at 
once took it for granted 
that the Doctor had 
seen Mr. Johnson. 
" Then why announce 
it in posters, if it is only 
an experiment ? " asked 
the considerate man. 
" Posters! " gasped 
the terrified Sammy ; 
"why, what do you 
mean, Doctor Hubbs ? " 
inquired the still further surprised boy, who was 
instantly seized with the suspicion that perhaps 
old Mr. Johnson had caused the lecture to be 
advertised. "I know nothing of any posters." 
" Is it possible, Sammy, that you do not know 
THE SURPRISED SAMMY. 14 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
that you are advertised on the fences, empty bar- 
rels, and all the old buildings, to lecture to-night? " 
" I am sure I did not," replied Sammy, for the 
moment more fearful of having offended his kind 
preceptor than of making a failure of his promised 
effort. Almost too frightened to articulate, he 
then proceeded in broken sentences to explain just 
what had passed between himself and old Mr. 
Johnson in regard to this matter, remarking that 
his instructions to his evening class had recently 
taken so much the character of informal lectures, 
that he had reluctantly consented to have it circu- 
lated, a little more publicly than it had been done 
before, that he would deliver a lecture on the 
evening appointed. " But," he stated, " I have 
not been consulted about the issuing of handbills, 
nor did I know of their existence. I only expected 
that the occasion would be advertised by word of 
mouth among my colored friends." 
" I suppose then you have written out what you 
propose to say about the brain," remarked the 
Doctor in an inquiring tone, after expressing his 
dissatisfaction with the strange course pursued by 
old Mr. Johnson. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
15 
" I have not," frankly answered the boy. 
"Why, Sammy ! Sammy !" exclaimed the Doc- 
tor with astonishment, " you and your old colored 
friend must both of you be confirmed lunatics ! 
Then you propose to stand up there after you have 
been announced in a most public manner, and 
speak without notes or preparation, do you? " 
A smile lit up the blanched lips of the boy in 
view of his preceptor's solicitude, as he replied : 
" The rooms with sliding-doors thrown open can 
hold not more than fifty people, if they can as many. 
I have," he said, "already talked to over thirty 
persons at atime on some evenings." Sammy also 
expressed it as his opinion that there would not be 
many white folks there, as hardly anybody knew 
about Doctor Samuel Tubbs excepting the col- 
ored people of his immediate neighborhood. 
' * What if Doctor Winkles should attend ? " inter- 
rogated the Doctor in a way to awaken Sammy to 
a sense of the position he would occupy before his 
class if questioned by this unsparing critic. 
" Goodness gracious ! I didn't think of that ! " 
exclaimed the lad, dropping into the first chair as 
if his muscles had given out. " Do you suppose, 16 
THE BOY DOCTOR. 
Doctor, that he has seen the posters ? " asked the 
boy with an expression of painful anxiety. 
" Indeed, he has, and he has been here this very 
morning to see me about them," answered the still 
anxious preceptor, who took so much pride in his 
pupil that any misstep on the part of the latter was 
felt as keenly by the one as by the other. 
The Doctor then told Sammy all about the inter- 
view, and it was decided that all leisure moments 
from that hour till eight o'clock should be spent in 
studying the brain, so as to be prepared for the 
" everlasting questioner," should he be present. CHAPTER IL 
NEARLY EIGHT O'CLOCK-CROWDS IN FRONT 
OF SAMMY'S HOUSE-THE DOCTOR AND 
SAMMY ENTER BY A BACK DOOR-DR. WIN- 
KLES THERE IN DISGUISE-DR. HUBBS INTRO- 
DUCES HIS PUPIL-THE YOUNG LECTURER EX- 
HIBITS GREAT SELF-POSSESSION-SPONSIE OC- 
CASIONS THE SENSATION OF THE EVENING- 
THREATENED RIOT ! 
DENSE crowd of boys, 
girls, and grown folks 
of all complexions, 
from the purest white 
of the Caucasian to 
the darkest skin of the 
Ethiopian, met the 
gaze of the Doctor 
and Sammy as they 
turned the corner of 
the block wherein was 
located what had come 
to be known among the 
colored people as the "Johnson Dispensary." 18 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
Sammy's true friend and adviser had determined 
to accompany the boy and see him through what 
seemed like a most foolhardy adventure. 
" See there ? See there ? " nervously repeated 
the Doctor in a tone partaking both of exclamation 
and interrogation. " Do you see how they are 
crowding up the steps ? 
Sammy felt not a little trepidation himself, but 
made up his mind to conceal it, if possible. Wait- 
ing for a moment to be sure that his throat would 
not prove nervously treacherous and interrupt his 
utterance, he said calmly : 
"Well, Doctor, let them crowd. You can put 
but a pint of pea-nuts into a pint cup, and those 
rooms will only hold two rooms full of people." 
This affected self-possession on the part of the 
youth greatly surprised the good man as both 
himself and pupil now began to elbow their way 
through the outer circle of the throng. Finding it 
impossible to reach the steps in that direction, 
Sammy conducted his preceptor through a narrow 
alley to the rear of the building, where they were 
enabled to enter the house by a back door. 
Sammy was instantly met in the hall-way by old THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
19 
Mrs. Tubbs, nearly scared out of her wits. " De 
rooms is chuck full," she said. " All de chars 
from de kitchen an' de bedrooms an' all de white- 
wash pails is full ov young uns an' old ones. Yur 
foder hab gone to fotch up de wash-benches." 
''You had better close the doors at once, Mrs. 
Tubbs," replied the Doctor, showing quite as much 
agitation as did the old lady. "Tell the people 
outside that the house is full. Wait a minute," 
added the Doctor, hesitating a little-" perhaps I 
may better do it." He then elbowed his way 
through the crowd that packed the front hall-way, 
and, reaching the steps, he said : 
" On behalf of the young man, Master Samuel 
Tubbs, I heartily thank you for the kind interest 
you have manifested in him and in the subject 
upon which he proposes to lecture. But I am 
compelled to express both his and my regrets that 
the house will not accommodate you all. There 
are already as many inside as can possibly gain ad- 
mission. Perhaps you may have an opportunity 
to hear him at some future time, if your friends 
who are present to-night shall be sufficiently enter- 
tained to speak well of the performance." Saying 20 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
this, the Doctor gracefully waved his hat, and, step- 
ping inside, closed the outer door and turned the 
bolts. 
A murmur of dissatisfaction was heard from 
DOCTOR HUBBS SPEAKS TO THE CROWD OUTSIDE. 
without, and some rather rough language from 
those who were doubtless attracted to the spot 
through simply curiosity. But gradually the 
people outside one by one reluctantly withdrew, 
until, within the course of fifteen minutes, all was THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
21 
quiet except the rustling of dresses, occasional 
moving of the feet, or a half-suppressed cough 
from those having defective breathing-organs. To 
both the Doctor and his pupil the silence and the 
apparent gravity of the occasion were painful. 
' ' Who are present ? " Well, on a platform a little 
raised at the end of the back room are seated the 
young lecturer and his preceptor-the former look- 
ing a little less composed than usual, and the latter 
as pale as if he had but just recovered from a severe 
fit of illness. In chairs near the sliding-doors are 
Mrs. Millstone and her friend Mrs. Biddlewicker. 
The Doctor and Sammy make a nod of recogni- 
tion to them, and look nervously about to see if 
Doctor Winkles is present. " He is not here," 
whispers Sammy to his anxious friend. " I am 
very thankful," responded the latter in an under- 
tone. 
Now, don't one of you say anything about it. 
Let "mum" be the watchword now as on a 
former occasion which my young readers all re- 
member. 
The man of " unconquerable curiosity," Doctor 
Winkles, is present, and he has been mean enough 22 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
to blacken and mask his face, and put on a curly 
black wig, so as not to be recognized. He sits in 
the front room, and is partially hidden from those 
on the stage by the projection which forms a part 
of the sliding-door on that side. But if he were di- 
rectly before them they could not possibly detect 
the trick, so perfect is the disguise. 
Old Mr. Johnson has just entered by the back 
way, and is invited to take a seat on the young 
lecturer's left, the Doctor being seated on the right. 
A few pleasant words pass between Doctor Hubbs 
and the old man, the former having decided to 
make the best of what looks like a wild procedure. 
Of course old Mrs. Burtell, Young Diggles, and 
others of Sammy's evening class, came early 
enough to secure seats, and all of them appear as 
if greatly elated to find themselves in such distin- 
guished company. 
Standing in the hall and door-ways of each 
room are Sammy's father and mother, brothers 
and sisters, all perceptibly affected with mingled 
emotions of pride and anxiety. They fear, like 
the Doctor, that Sammy has undertaken more 
than he can carry through. None of the boy's THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
23 
intimate friends and relatives, indeed, feel confident 
excepting old Mr. Johnson, who sits erect in his 
chair with his hands resting carelessly upon the 
gold knob of his cane and his head somewhat 
thrown back, viewing with great satisfaction the 
results of his handbill advertising. 
Presently Doctor Hubbs rises and calls the 
meeting to order. In tremulous tones he briefly 
traces the interesting career of Master Sammy thus 
far, and prophesies for him, if his life is spared, an 
honorable and useful future. As he proceeds, the 
audience is so greatly affected that there is not a 
dry eye in the room. Even the complacent old 
Mr. Johnson is seen to press back with his hand- 
somely embroidered handkerchief the tears which 
force their way to his large, generous eyes. In 
conclusion Doctor Hubbs begs the kind indulgence 
of those present while listening to Sammy's first 
attempt as a lecturer, and expresses the hope that 
if the young man fails to interest them on this oc- 
casion he may meet with better success at some 
future time, when, with more careful preparation, 
he will be able to stand with greater confidence 
before them in the capacity of a speaker upon sub- 24 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
jects which have more or less baffled the wisdom 
of our most distinguished scientists. " I have the 
pleasure," he adds, " of introducing to you one 
who is familiarly called by my venerable friend 
upon my left by the name of-Doctor Samuel 
Tubbs." 
As Sammy arose there was the wildest clapping 
of hands by all present, including the disguised 
Doctor Winkles, who already began to feel mor- 
tally ashamed that he had imposed himself upon 
so respectable a company under cover of burnt 
cork, a mask, and a wig of artificially crisped hair. 
When the applause subsided, Sammy advanced, 
bowing, to the front of the rude platform, and, in 
a tone of wonderful self-possession, said : 
" Mv Friends:-I have no apologies to offer 
for appearing before you to-night. All that are 
necessary have been feelingly given by one to 
whom I am wholly indebted for all the knowledge 
I have obtained of anatomy and physiology. To 
my humble parents over there I owe my feeble 
beginning-to my preceptor belongs the credit of 
awakening within me a love of study-to my ven- 
erable friend on my left I am indebted for the THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
25 
material comforts that surround my father's family, 
and to him you are indebted for whatever pleasure 
SAMMY'S FIRST EXPERIENCE AS A LECTURER. 
or profit you derive from my evening school at 
this place-while to an All-wise Providence we 
are all indebted for those unseen tides and currents 26 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
which silently bear us along on the unknown stream 
of life to whatever success we may by generous 
accident or honest endeavor attain. 
[Applause, in which both Doctor Hubbs and 
his friend Doctor Winkles join.] 
" Life itself is a wonderful mystery. Yet all of 
life is not a greater phenomenon than is this one 
organ which I am using here to-night," placing 
his hand gracefully upon his forehead, as all again 
clapped their hands. 
" The Brain-what is the brain ? Our greatest 
students do not know yet! Then why propose to 
lecture upon the Brain ? I'll tell you," said the 
speaker with a roguish twinkle in the eye and a 
humorous parting of the lips which revealed a still 
deeper twinkle, for his teeth glistened like living 
pearls. " I once heard Prof. Alexander Wilder 
say that when you want to write an essay or deliver 
a lecture, choose for your subject something you 
know nothing about! 
[Great laughter and applause. Doctor Hubbs' 
countenance by this time showed that much of his 
anxiety had departed. The Tubbs' family looked 
proud and delighted. Old Mr. Johnson cast his THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
27 
eyes triumphantly over the audience and shook 
his fat sides. And Doctor Winkles joined in the 
applause and merriment, but would gladly have 
given his check at that moment for fifty dollars if 
he had only left his wig, mask, and burnt cork at 
home.] 
" Scientists find," resumed the young speaker, 
uttering his words with great distinctness, and 
throwing in a graceful movement of the hand when 
the subject invited it, " that the brain is made up 
of Albumen, seven parts ; Cerebral fats, a little 
over five parts; Phosphorus, one and one-half 
parts ; Ozmazome, one part ; Acids, salts, and sul- 
phur, a trifle more than five parts, and a substance 
so common as the water you draw from the Croton 
reservoir in the city or from your wells in the 
country, eighty parts. 
"What does all of this signify? It is well to 
know it, and it is a credit to chemistry to have 
found it out; but who among you can put these 
things together and in their true proportions, and 
make a human brain ? If any of you can, there is 
water enough in the park reservoir, if you will but 
collect together the small percentage of the other 28 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
materials, to make several millions of brains as 
large as Daniel Webster's and as wise and gener- 
ous as that of our lamented Lincoln ; for bear in 
mind the brain is mostly composed of water, as 
indicated by so large a percentage as eighty parts 
in a hundred. 
[Rapturous applause 
before the conclusion of 
the sentence ; shaking 
of hats, and handker- 
chiefs, and stamping of 
feet on the mention of 
the last name, so dear 
to the colored people.] 
" But our scientists 
have, nevertheless, pro- 
gressed a little further 
than merely to find out 
what the brain is made 
of," said the young lecturer in a conversational 
tone after the applause ended. " We are main- 
ly indebted to Gall and his pupil, Spurzheim, for 
first questioning the brain as to its peculiar or- 
gans and functions. Sufficient credit has never 
SAMMY AS HE LOOKED WHILE 
SPEAKING. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
29 
been awarded by those who have profited by his 
discoveries to Gall, the distinguished phrenologist, 
who first discovered the true structure of the brain ; 
nor yet to other writers and investigators in the 
same field who have been frank enough to avow 
themselves believers in phrenology, such as the 
late George Combe and William Byrd Powell, and 
Professor J. R. Buchanan, and the physiognomist 
Redfield;-all of whom have contributed valuable 
truths to the current literature of the day, thereby 
laying stepping-stones for the feet of other scien- 
tists who have been more fortunate in extending 
their reputation. 
[Doctor Hubbs, who was a great admirer of Byrd 
Powell and Professor Buchanan, clapped his hands 
at this point, and the applause soon spread through- 
out the audience.] 
" Lately," resumed the young lecturer, "much 
has been said about two brains. What is called 
the cerebrum, that is, the front and upper brain, has 
two hemispheres, or, in other words, two parts, one 
on the right, and the other on the left side, resem- 
bling each other in structure. Some thirty or more 
years ago a doctor by the name of Wigan sug- 30 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
gested that either of these parts might do all the 
thinking for any one person. More recently Doctors 
Brown-Sequard, T. S. Lambert, and others have 
called the people's attention in popular lectures to 
the same subject. Anatomy sustains the views of 
these gentlemen, as I will presently show." Here 
the young lecturer hung upon the wall a picture 
showing the brain as it would appear if you should 
remove the skull, and from a place above look down 
upon it. 
THE TWO BRAINS WHICH DO OUR THINKING. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
" The division which is seen at the top of the 
brain extends down to what is called the corpus 
callosum, a flat band composed of a wonderful net- 
work of nerve-fibres, like so many fine telegraph- 
wires, which doubtless serve to communicate intel- 
ligence between the two sides, or the two brains. 
["Wonderful! sir; perfectly wonderful! sir," 
exclaimed old Mr. Johnson, rising from his seat 
and viewing the plate, which Doctor Hubbs had 
loaned to Sammy for the occasion. At this junc- 
ture all in the two rooms arose, and, with eyes 
straining over each other's shoulders, tried to get 
a good view of the plate. Doctor Winkles, to 
avoid suspicion, appeared even more anxious than 
the rest to see the picture, with which he was as 
familiar as he was with the glasses upon his nose. 
Finally those who arose from their seats one after 
another settled down again, and Sammy re- 
sumed :] 
" Doctor Brown-S£quard says that the reason 
some people have so much trouble in making up 
their minds, is because these two brains in one 
person sometimes think differently upon the same 
subject. We all know that there is not as much 32 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
difficulty in getting two people of equal intelligence 
to agree upon some point in dispute, as when one 
is intelligent and the other is ignorant. Well, 
Doctor Brown-Sequard says that we do not edu- 
cate these two brains alike ; that to do so we 
should use our left hand as well as our right. 
When we use our right hand we are mainly using 
the left hemisphere of the brain, and when we use 
the left hand we are mainly using the right side of 
the brain. The reason of this is that many of the 
nerves entering the body from the brain cross 
each other at a point where the spinal column 
swells into the medulla oblongata, in the under part 
of the brain, so that the right side of the brain has 
telegraphic communication with the muscles of the 
left side of the body, and the left side of the 
brain with the muscles of the right side of the 
body." 
[" This, sir, is very interesting-very interesting, 
sir!" exclaimed the enthusiastic Mr. Johnson so 
loudly that he could be heard in every part of the 
two rooms.] 
Sammy here took advantage of the interruption 
to refresh himself with a glass of water, which one THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
33 
of his proud little sisters brought to the table only 
a few moments before. 
" At a recent lecture by Stephen Pearl An- 
drews," resumed the encouraged boy-orator, "the 
speaker alluded to the right hemisphere of the 
brain as being the feminine side, and remarked 
that we should never reach true mental develop- 
ment so long as we failed to recognize and call 
into full play the right hemisphere of the brain, any 
more than we can have a well-organized society so 
long as the feminine half of the people constituting 
it is limited in its development and sphere of action. 
[This occasioned great clapping of hands by the 
women present, led off by Mrs. Millstone and Mrs. 
Biddlewicker, which applause was soon caught up 
by the masculine portion of the audience as well, 
sounding like a loud echo to the first.] 
" The brain is composed of cellular matter (that 
is, matter with little cells in it) of a gray color, and of 
little white fibres or strings something like what is 
presented in the two plates I hold up before you, 
and the surface of each hemisphere presents numer- 
ous convolutions, or, in other words, waving rolls of 
substance. Now, Dr. Broadbent informs us that 34 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
the left half of the brain, which is the most used, 
contains a greater amount of gray matter and more 
convolutions than the right half. Inasmuch, then, 
as the gray matter is the reservoir if not the pro- 
ducer of nerve-force, and the convolutions are for 
the purpose of giving 
greater surface for the 
gray matter, we cer- 
tainly see that for some 
reason our left brain is 
a smarter fellow, so to 
speak, than our right 
brain. And it is not 
strange that two such 
unequally developed 
chums do not always 
get along harmoniously 
together, as illustrated 
when people are said 
to have two minds-not to know what they want 
themselves, to be vacillating, etc. 
[At this good point the old .gentleman on the 
platform brings down his cane in a succession of 
hard raps on the table, and all join in the applause. 
CELLULAR MATTER OF THE BRAIN. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
35 
Old Mr. Johnson never looked so happy in his life 
before.] 
" Doctor Lambert," said the young lecturer, 
" thinks we ought to be able to use the two brains 
at the same time and for different purposes, and that 
most of us do whether we 
know it or not. He even 
claims that we should be 
able to give rest to one 
hemisphere by putting it 
to sleep while the other 
is acting the part of sen- 
tinel and worker, and then 
change off, and so, with 
two hands alternating at 
the double-thought ma- 
chine, do two men's work 
in a given space of time 
without seemingly taking 
rest. He says he can and 
often does. [Applause and laughter.] 
" Doctor Lambert further tells us that our first 
impressions upon any given question are generally 
the most correct because they proceed from the 
THE NERVE FIBRES OF THE 
BRAIN. 36 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
most active and best brain of the two hemispheres. 
That if a controversy has been conducted for a time 
between the right and left half, the most active one 
generally prevails, so that the first impressions are 
finally accepted and our conduct governed accord- 
ingly. Often when a person becomes somewhat 
undecided and is swayed by the suggestion of the 
weaker half, he finds he has made a mistake, and 
that he might better have acted in compliance with 
his first thought. [Applause again, with laughter 
and an emphatic "That's so, sir," from old Mr. 
Johnson, who drops his head and looks wisely over 
his glasses at the audience before him.] 
" In conclusion," added the lecturer, " I will say 
that if the gentlemen quoted are correct in their 
views, it is manifestly our duty to educate both 
hemispheres of the brain. It is thought that the 
exercise of the left arm and leg will cause a larger 
supply of blood to go to the right half of the brain, 
while the movements which they make under the 
direction of the right hemisphere will impart greater 
mental activity and growth to the latter. The 
advice of these scientists is therefore that you show 
no partiality to the right arm or leg, but give an THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
37 
equal chance to the left arm and leg in all that 
you do with your hands and feet. 
" Now," remarked our young speaker, as he re- 
treated to the back of the platform, ' ' if any one has 
any questions to ask, I will, so far as I am able, an- 
swer them." 
As Sammy sat down, there, was a perfect up- 
roar of applause from feet and hands, old Mr. John- 
son rising from his seat in the effort, while the 
countenance of Doctor Hubbs looked as if a fatter 
and healthier man had slipped into the place of the 
one who had occupied the samp chair at the begin- 
ning of the exercises. As the Doctor and the old 
gentleman, reaching across the platform behind 
Sammy's chair, shook hands of congratulation, they 
were moved somewhat suddenly again to their 
places by a voice from the audience asking : 
" Doctor Tubbs, sar, du de narves I feel wid as 
well as dem I moves in walkin' cross ober at what 
you calls de madulli oblongarti ? " 
[This was Doctor Winkles, disguising his speech 
as effectually as he had done his person.] 
" No," replied Sammy, not rising from his chair, 
" the crossing of the nerves which control motion 38 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
takes place at the medulla oblongata ; but the 
nerves with which we feel cross each other through- 
out the length of what is called the spinal cord. 
The crossing of the nerve fibres or filaments in the 
way I have described is what is technically called 
the decussation of the 
nerves." 
The whole Tubbs fam- 
ily smiled when Sammy 
made use of this big 
word, and one of the 
younger sisters nearly 
crammed her handker- 
chief into her mouth 
when she saw Sammy 
looking at her. The 
attention of all was again 
attracted to the strange 
colored man, who ad- 
dressed another question to the young lecturer as 
follows : 
" How big am de hemispheres ob de brain as 
you calls um ? " 
" Doctor Dalton tells us that they constitute 
THE YOUNGER SISTER, THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
39 
about nine tenths of the brain," replied Sammy, 
still sitting. 
" S'pose you cut dem ar hemispheres all 'way, 
what would 'come ob a fellar ? " again inquired the 
disguised doctor, whom all supposed to be a 
colored person. 
" You remind me," 
said Sammy, coming 
forward upon the plat- 
form with a bland smile, 
"of a white friend of 
mine named Doctor 
Winkles ; still I will an- 
swer your question so 
far as I myself know. 
The same authority I 
just before quoted tells 
us that they may be 
removed without caus- 
ing the loss of the senses, power to move, etc., 
but that memory will be destroyed, will be ren- 
dered inactive, and the power to form mental asso- 
ciations lost. The experiment, I am inclined to 
think, has never been tried upon man ; probably 
THE DISGUISED DR. WINKLES. 40 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
my friend over there who asks the question would 
not like to have it tried upon him [laughter], but 
the effects of disease on the hemispheres of the 
human brain are quite the same. There seems 
to come on, gradually, loss of intelligence, mem- 
ory, and judgment. But with the vegetative 
nervous system undisturbed, a healthy man hav- 
ing the hemispheres removed would very likely 
live as long as food could be introduced into 
his stomach and air into his lungs,-live indeed 
like a vegetable, a tree, or a cabbage." [Ap- 
plause.] . 
"You tole us dat de front an' upper part of de 
brain is called' de Cebrum. What you call de back 
brain," asked the strange man. 
" I said," replied Sammy, " that the front brain 
was called the cerebrum ; in answer to your ques- 
tion I will inform you that the back brain is called 
the cerebellum, and, to answer in advance what 
would probably otherwise be the next question, I 
will tell you what it is supposed to be for. Flou- 
rcns, a noted physiologist, thinks it possesses the 
power to co-ordinate or regulate those movements 
which we intentionally make with our hands, feet, THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
41 
or other parts which are under the control of our 
voluntary nerves." 
Everybody stared at the strange man as Sammy 
was answering the question, and clapped their 
hands when the latter concluded. 
Old Mrs. Tubbs turned to her husband and asked, 
so loud that nearly everybody in the two rooms 
heard her-" Who's dat man dat tinks he knows so 
much ? I neber see urn here afore." 
" Gess he's canal-boat cook or chimney-sweep," 
answered old Mr. Tubbs, with a chuckle. 
"What's dat dulla oblon garter you spoke 'bout ?" 
asked the strange man, speaking again notwith- 
standing he heard the criticism passed upon him 
by the elder Tubbs. 
" The medulla oblongata contains the pncumo- 
gastric ganglion, which is sometimes called the 
' vital point,'" replied the young lecturer, still able 
to keep up with what he supposed to be a second 
Doctor Winkles, not for a moment mistrusting that 
it was Doctor Winkles himself. " Physiologists 
tell us," Sammy went on to say, " that the remo- 
val of this knot would so affect our breathing- 
organs that respiration would instantly stop. In 42 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
other words, to remove it, or I may even add, to 
prick it with any sharp instrument, would cause 
instant death." [Applause.] 
When Sammy concluded speaking, and while 
the applause which followed was going on, Doctor 
Hubbs reached over to old Mr. Johnson and in- 
quired of him if he knew who that colored man 
was. Mr. Johnson shook his head, saying : 
" Really, sir, I do not know, sir; he seems deter- 
mined to learn all he can, sir ; that's right, sir ; 
Doctor Samuel Tubbs, sir, can answer any ques- 
tion he can ask, sir ; rely upon that, sir." This last 
sentence was uttered with decided emphasis and a 
confident shake of the head. 
At this moment Sponsie came bounding into the 
room from an upper apartment, from which he had 
escaped through the carelessness of some one. 
First he paid his respects to Doctor Hubbs, by 
jumping into his lap ; then to Mr. Johnson, by 
leaping upon his shoulder. This little act was not 
on the programme of the evening's exercises, but 
it greatly amused the people, especially when he 
took the old gentleman's spectacles from his nose 
and put them on his own. Espying Mrs. Millstone, THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
43 
he dashed aside the glasses as carelessly as if they 
had been made of steel, and went leaping forward 
to where that lady was sitting. 
Doctor Winkles, seeing that the monkey seemed 
bound to pay his respects to everybody he had 
ever met before, became nervous lest his identity 
might in some way be revealed, and arose from his 
chair to go, when by one monstrous leap Sponsie 
alighted upon his shoulder. 
" Why, Sponsie knows that 'ere man ! " ex- 
claimed old Mrs. Tubbs. 
" He do, sartinly ! " echoed old Mr. Tubbs. 
Meanwhile Doctor Hubbs and Sammy were in- 
tently watching the familiar attention which Spon- 
sie was bestowing upon the stranger while the lat- 
ter was making his way as fast as he could through 
the crowd with Sponsie clinging to his back. 
Suddenly, when the strange colored man was in 
the very middle of the front room where every 
soul could see him, Sponsie seized his wig and 
mask, and struck an air line over everybody's 
head and shoulders to the platform. 
Poor Winkles ! there he stood in his Caucasian 
locks, revealing their true character, if they were 44 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
a little curly. And then he had failed to blacken 
all the upper part of his forehead, which had been 
covered by the wig ! He would have been willing 
now to draw his check for a couple of hundred 
more to have been translated from the home of the 
Tubbs to his own room ! 
Some of the rougher of the young colored men 
were so enraged that a white man should have 
treated the occasion as if it were a masked ball, 
THE REAL MAN BLOSSOMS OUT. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
45 
that they shouted tumultuously, " Put him out! put 
him out! " and even commenced using violence by 
seizing him by the collar and neck. But both Doc- 
tor Hubbs and Sammy, discovering who it was, 
rushed to the spot, and by their interference saved 
him. The Doctor was gently releasing their hands 
from poor Winkles' coat and neck, while Sammy 
bent over him much as the Pocahontas of colony 
times shielded the imperiled Smith. Meanwhile 
Doctor Hubbs proceeded to make the best explan- 
ation that was possible under the circumstances. 
The moment Doctor Hubbs loudly called " Or- 
der ! order ! " everybody became at once seated, 
for the regard which the colored people enter- 
tained for Sammy's preceptor was akin to affection. 
With Doctor Winkles, who had now taken his 
seat, trembling with fear and mortification, in a 
chair before him, and Sammy at his side, Doctor 
Hubbs proceeded to relate how desirous the former 
was to attend this lecture, and how fearful he him- 
self was that his presence would embarrass the young 
lecturer. "And now," he said, " while I do not 
approve of the singular expedient my friend has 
resorted to, I beg of you all ,to forgive him, for he is 46 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
a right good fellow after all, and a great friend and 
admirer of Master Sammy, who has doubtless 
made more rapid progress than he otherwise would 
have done if Doctor Winkles had not been forever 
pursuing him with knotty questions." 
By and by all were disposed to treat the matter 
as a joke, and old Mr. Johnson sat down by Doc- 
tor Winkles and entered into a cordial conversation 
with him. But this discovery was a bitter pill for 
the proud man who had presented himself in this 
disguise, and when, a few moments after, the close 
of the meeting was announced by Doctor Hubbs, 
the mortified Winkles stole out by himself and 
made rapid steps for home, as rapid as his weak 
knees would permit him to travel, for he dared not 
take a street-car with such a smutty face as he now 
bore, streaked with the perspiration which ran 
down his cheeks in the excitement he had passed 
through. He was neither a white man nor a 
colored man, nor yet a mulatto, for in the latter 
the white and black are more happily blended ; he 
might, perhaps, have been called a brindle. 
Sammy had acquitted himself so well that Doc- 
tor Hubbs had no words of censure for old Mr. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
47 
Johnson, who had caused the bills to be put up. 
In bidding the old man good-by, he said in a good- 
natured way "You seem to know Sammy's meas- 
ure better than I." 
As for the Tubbs family, they felt so proud of 
Sammy they made all sorts of excuses for him to 
remain at home overnight. The fact was they 
wanted everybody there not familiar with them to 
know that the young lecturer was their son and 
their brother. Sammy gratified them by remain- 
ing, but it was a late hour before the house was 
fully cleared of visitors and the lights put out. It 
was the great event of the day at the unpretentious 
home of the old whitewasher Tubbs. CHAPTER III. 
SAMMY AT HIS CHORES-THE INVITATION TO A 
MASKED PARTY-SAMMY AND HIS TWO MON- 
KEYS WANTED TO MAKE SPORT-SPONSIE 
NUMBER 2 AS A SOLDIER-PHILOSOPHY OF 
MEMORY-TALK ABOUT THE BRAIN-SPONSIE 
NUMBER I BLOWING THE HORN FOR SAMMY. 
OTWITHSTANDING 
the late hour at which 
lour young lecturer re- 
tired last night, he is on 
hand before six o'clock 
this morning attending 
to his usual duties at the 
house of his preceptor. 
To one unaccustomed to 
seeing what is called 
menial labor performed 
by one who is capable 
of interesting an audi- 
ence in a lecture on so difficult a subject as the 
brain, it would have looked strangely to see the THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
49 
precocious Sammy sweeping the walk and brush- 
ing his employer's boots. A young olive-eyed 
German, of white skin and small brain, who occu- 
pied the same position before Sammy, left it in 
disgust because, as he said with a curled lip, in 
broken English, " I vosh no little poy to prush the 
valk and sweep the boots 1 " But in this fortunate 
country, where freedom was born before a dozen 
nests of kings were hatched to lay claims and 
counter-claims to the divine right to make laws 
and customs for the people, as in France and Spain, 
many of our greatest men began life in the field 
or work-shop, and in the performance of duties 
mistakenly called menial. With such humble be- 
ginnings they had no false pride to hinder their 
footsteps as they patiently ascended the ladder of 
ambition to honorable fame. Many, trying to 
evade the lower rounds, lose their foothold, and, 
falling, unsuccessfully struggle through life with- 
out reaching the position to which they aspire. 
Others, beginning upon the higher rounds and by 
some misstep losing their hold, never recover their 
original position, because they look with contempt 
upon the lower rounds whereon honest hand-labor 50 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
is struggling. Let it be the pride of our Ameri- 
can youth to begin, if necessary, at the very bottom 
step, and, with firm hands, honest hearts, and clear 
heads, commence the difficult ascent, keeping in 
mind such marked examples of honorable success 
as are presented in the 
lives of F'ranklin, Lincoln, 
and Greeley. 
Ah ! our first visitor 
this morning is our fat 
friend Mrs. Millstone. 
She is out for an early 
walk, and calls to ask 
Sammy if he will attend 
a masked party at Mrs. 
Biddiewicker's house the 
coming week ? Mrs. Bid- 
dlewicker wants Sammy 
to come in the character 
of a village doctor, bringing with him the two 
monkeys to help make sport. 
The occasion is the celebration of the birthday 
of Miss Minnie Biddlcwickcr, a bright young lady 
of sixteen, daughter of Mrs. Millstone's friend. 
MINNIE UNMASKED. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
51 
By the way, my young readers have seen how 
folks look in mask in our second volume where 
the picture of the fantastics occurs ; but to re- 
mind you still again, I here show you how a good- 
looking girl appears first without a mask and then 
with one. 
Sammy has never at- 
tended a formal party, 
and the invitation causes 
him infinitely more em- 
barrassment than when 
he was asked by his old 
friend, Mr. Johnson, to 
deliver a lecture. He re- 
garded that request as 
of too little consequence 
to consult his preceptor 
about it, for he had 
become accustomed to 
standing up and talking before a room full of his 
colored friends. But this is a novel invitation ; 
so, excusing himself to Mrs. Millstone, he at once 
flies upstairs to Doctor Hubbs' room to consult 
him before making a definite reply. He finds the 
MINNIE MASKED. 52 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
Doctor just about ready to descend to his office, 
and the two, joining hands familiarly, like father 
and son, go downstairs together. 
Mrs. Millstone, after cordially shaking hands 
with the Doctor, explained to him that Mrs. Bid- 
dlewicker had determined to give her daughter 
Minnie a party on the anniversary of her birthday, 
and that Doctor Winkles' curious adventure of 
the night before had suggested to both of them 
that the affair might be made more jolly if they 
should invite the young people to come in mask. 
"Next," said she, "we happened to think it 
would be a great novelty if we could have Sammy 
attend with his two pet monkeys. It would make 
such lots of fun, you know." 
In this suggestion the Doctor concurred, but, 
drawing near to his fat, jovial-looking friend, he 
whispered in her ear that it would be necessary to 
have Sammy keep his white mask on after the rest 
should unmask ; otherwise some silly girl or boy 
would object to his presence on account of his 
color. 
"That's so !" exclaimed Mrs. Millstone in a 
thoughtful mood, and dropping her eyes for a THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
53 
moment as if this idea had not entered her mind 
before. " Well, well," she said hesitatingly while 
raising her head again, " we can somehow manage 
that. You are willing that he should go ? " 
" Certainly," responded the Doctor, raising his 
voice from the low, confidential tone in which he 
had a moment before been speaking. Turning to 
Sammy, he asked : " I suppose you would like to 
attend, wouldn't you ? " 
" How could I possibly do it and attend to my 
evening class ? " inquired the faithful lad, who 
never thought he could neglect a duty for the sake 
of pleasure. 
" There is an obstacle," said the equally faithful 
Doctor, addressing his friend Mrs. Millstone. 
A discussion of some length ensued, resulting in 
the decision that Sammy could go after he should 
get through with his duties, as his hour with his 
evening class closed at nine o'clock. 
Before the conversation was concluded, Sponsie 
Number 2, who was now feeling pretty well again, 
bounded into the room arrayed in a cheap soldier's 
uniform, which Bridget had made for him, and in 
which she was drilling her pct to be ready, as she 54 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
said, "*to bate the b'ys in grane on St. Patrick's 
Day," when this great Irish holiday should again 
come round. 
SPONSIE NUMBER 2 AS A SOLDIER. 
Carry arms ! " exclaimed Sammy, who knew 
what Bridget was up to. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
55 
In an instant the monkey stood up, and placed in 
true soldier-like position the wooden gun which he 
held in the righthand, while the left fell perpendic- 
ularly to his side. 
With equal promptness the monkey curiously 
enough responded to various other orders which 
Sammy had picked out of the Soldier's Manual 
for the use of Bridget, who thought that she knew 
enough, with these new acquirements, to command 
a regiment on the field of battle. 
In the midst of it all, Mrs. Hubbs, attracted by 
the loud laughter, entered, and was as much sur- 
prised as all, excepting Sammy, had been at what 
Bridget had taught the invalid monkey. It was 
then talked over, and determined as best that 
Sammy should take two characters at the coming 
party in mask : one as a captain of militia, and 
drill the two monkeys to perform their parts as 
soldiers together; the other as doctor, in which the 
monkeys would be taught to play sick, and take 
what should look like sugar-coated pills, when in 
reality the doses should be made wholly of sugar. 
With these preliminary arrangements effected 
Mrs. Millstone departed, while Doctor and Mrs. 56 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
Hubbs, who could not persuade Mrs. Millstone to 
remain, descended to the dining-room at the call 
of the breakfast-bell. Sammy was at his post as 
usual with tray in hand. 
Doctor and Mrs. Hubbs congratulated the young 
lecturer on his success, and Mrs. Hubbs expressed 
great regret that she was not present. Both, how- 
ever, were guarded in their praises lest even so 
sensible a young head as Sammy's should be 
turned and spoiled by flattery. 
The fact was, nobody could have been more sur- 
prised than Doctor Hubbs himself was at the case 
with which the young lecturer delivered an address 
without written notes. The Doctor had never at- 
tended one of Sammy's evening classes where the 
boy, little by little, had acquired the necessary self- 
possession to speak before an audience. Nor was 
he aware that his pupil knew so much more than 
he had taught him about the brain. 
When all had breakfasted and Sammy had done 
his kitchen chores, the latter returned to the office- 
room to finish some little matters at which he was 
working when he was interrupted by Mrs. Mill- 
stone's call. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
57 
The Doctor was already there bending over his 
desk. Seeing the young prodigy enter, he raised 
his head and, brushing aside some manuscripts 
■'upon which he was engaged, asked : 
" Where did you get hold of all that information 
about the brain which you gave in your lecture 
last night ? you used but very little of that to 
which I called your attention yesterday after- 
noon." 
" From the papers," responded Sammy. " I 
have read the reports of the lectures by Doctor 
Brown-S6quard, and those by Doctor T. S. Lam- 
bert ; and many other good things I have found in 
the newspapers." 
" Well, our journals are really getting to be great 
educators," remarked the Doctor, " notwithstand- 
ing the adverse opinion of the late Dr. Rush, and 
the fact that Mr. Parton accuses them of telling 
frightful whoppers now and then. You seem to 
keep up with them pretty well, Sammy; how do 
you manage to get time to do it ? " 
"Oh," replied the young lecturer, carelessly 
drawing a paper from his pocket, " I always carry 
something good around with me, and then when 58 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
I have an unoccupied moment I improve it. For 
instance, this paper-The Golden Age-contains a 
scrap from Doctor Carpenter in which he explainsfj 
how we remember what we learn in our early 
years better than we do those things we acquire 
later in life. He tells us that it is when the brain 
is growing that the direction of its growth can be 
most strongly influenced. He says about the same 
thing as if he should tell us that the brain gives 
out a little nerve-memorandum every time any- 
thing is heard or learned. It is as if I should write 
every new thing I hear or see on a slip of paper 
and put it in my vest pocket for future reference 
whenever anything occurs in any way relating to 
any one of them. But Doctor Carpenter calls these 
little tablets in the brain nerve-tracks; he says 
they accumulate as we keep learning something, 
and that it is in this way we gather impressions or 
traces, which may be brought within the sphere of 
consciousness, whenever the right suggesting 
strings are touched." 
The boy stopped to think a little, and the Doc- 
tor, supposing he had finished, remarked : " But 
this does not quite explain why we remember bet- THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
59 
ter what we learn in our younger years than that 
which we acquire in later life." 
"Well," resumed Sammy, "I have not told 
you all yet. Doctor Carpenter says that those 
nerve-tracks with their accompanying fibres which 
are formed in early life, secure a firmer hold in the 
brain than those which are formed in advanced 
age when the nutritive machinery is less active 
and its deposits less lasting. The stomach does 
not digest the food as well, the little corpuscular 
moners of the blood do not so perfectly transform 
the food-particles into animal fibre, and the little 
nerve and brain builders do not do such good work 
in old age as in youth ; so that while the less 
strongly built nerve-tracks crumble away in the 
changes which are constantly going on in the 
body, those which were laid in the substance of 
the brain when the bodily machinery was younger 
and stronger, are able to take to themselves new 
building material for their perpetuation much more 
readily than those formed in later life. The old 
and firmly established nerve-tracks formed in 
youth are what enable the old man to recall things 
which happened years ago. The new and less 60 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
firmly established nerve-tracks, which are formed 
by what the old man sees and hears in his old age, 
crumble away, as the old atoms of the brain give 
place to the new ones, and in this way the later 
nerve-tracks are constantly being destroyed, and 
new ones, recording still more recent events, form- 
ing to take their places. It is as if I should make 
marks on my slate now with a hard pencil so deep 
that they can never be rubbed out, and then as I 
grow older I should keep substituting a softer pen- 
cil. As I sponge off my slate every morning for 
my day's diary, the early marks of youth would 
persistently remain, while those made by the softer 
pencils of age would be wiped out to make room 
to put down the last events that may have hap- 
pened. So with the nerve-tracks, those laid in the 
brain during youth are deep and enduring, while 
those formed in later life daily give way to still 
newer ones no less feeble and perishing." 
" Let me see that article," requested the Doc- 
tor, reaching to Sammy for the paper. As he 
looked over what was presented under the head of 
" Persistence of Early Impressions in Old Age," 
he was both surprised and pleased to find that the THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
61 
boy had given the substance of the article in his 
own language, with original explanations which 
would have made it plain if presented to the dull- 
est pupil in his evening class. 
" That is indeed very interesting," remarked 
the Doctor, as he handed back the paper ; " and 
you have made the idea clearer than the author 
himself has done. If, as Doctor Carpenter be- 
lieves, everything which we see, hear, or think, 
leaves a nerve-track in the brain to fix it perma- 
nently there, we may be able to account for the 
fact that the convolutions of the brain increase 
from childhood to middle age, for the brain must 
be literally indented over and over again with 
nerve-tracks, and the skull of a middle-aged brain 
worker must be like the miscellaneous pigeon- 
hole of a counting-room, crowded and stuffed to 
overflowing with memoranda. Then the gradual 
crumbling away of many of the least enduring of 
these nerve-tracks with their accompanying fibres 
as one advances in life may account in part, at 
least, for the fact that after the age of fifty the 
brain loses one ounce in weight in every ten 
years." 62 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
"The brain is a wonderful, wonderful organ," 
continued the Doctor, as he arose to take from the 
shelf two plates which he proceeded to show Sam- 
my. " This first one," said he, " which is sup- 
posed to represent the brain just as it would look 
A SECTION OF THE BRAIN. 
if one hemisphere or one half of the whole brain 
were to be sliced right off on the side, gives you a 
good idea of the convolutions which may be seen 
all over its upper surface. Right down under 
the middle of the convolutions is the Corpus Cal- 63 
THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
losum which is made up of the nerves which con- 
nected that half of the brain with the half which has 
been cut away. The little dots are intended to repre- 
sent the ends of the nerve-fibres which made the 
connection between the two hemispheres. That 
white body that goes downward out of the brain 
like a stem contains in its upper part what is in diffi- 
cult words called the Pons Varolii ; next below that 
is the Medulla Oblongata, and this is the enlarged 
end of the spinal cord. The stem itself is a part of 
the spinal cord which runs down through the bony 
canal of the spinal column. The larger body un- 
der the convolutions and back of the white stem 
is the left half of the little brain or Cerebellum. 
Steele describes this in plain language which even 
your class could understand. 
" He says: ' It is about the size of a small fist. 
Its structure is similar to that of the larger portion 
of the brain or Cerebrum ; but instead of convo- 
lutions, it has parallel ridges, which, letting the 
gray matter down deeply into the white matter 
within, give it a peculiar appearance, called the 
" arbor vitae, or tree of life." (This, you see, 
looks like a leaf upon the Cerebellum in the pic- 64 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
ture ; whereas it is what that portion of the Cere- 
bellum looks like when it is cut in halves, and the 
cut surface is shown to you.) This part of the 
brain is the centre for the control of the voluntary 
muscles. Persons in whom it is injured or diseased 
walk as if intoxicated.' " 
" What," interrupted Sammy, " did you tell me 
yesterday afternoon that the Pons Varolii was for ? 
I have forgotten." 
" It is," replied the Doctor, " called ' the bond 
of union ' connecting the Cerebrum above, the 
Medulla Oblongata below, and the Cerebellum be- 
hind. It is made up of numerous fibres going up 
and down and crosswise, and these fibres are in- 
termixed with that gray matter which seems so 
inseparably connected with the nervous system. 
The Pons Varolii, indeed, may be said to stand in 
something of the same relation to the Cerebrum, 
Cerebellum, and Medulla Oblongata, that the Cor- 
pus Callosum does to the two hemispheres of the 
Cerebrum. But the latter unites only two parts of 
the Cerebrum, while the former unites all three por- 
tions of the brain as I have just explained to you." 
" The connecting link between the man and the THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
65 
monkey, and between the monkey and the cocoa- 
nut ! " ejaculated Sammy in a humorous mood, 
which flashed from his eyes and glistened between 
his lips. 
" Well, yes," answered the Doctor, laughing at 
the boy's remarkable comparison. " By a stretch 
of the imagination you might say that it connects 
the vegetable man with the animal man, and the 
animal man with the intellectual man ; and yet it 
would not be scientifically correct, for all the higher 
forms of animal life below man have a Cerebrum, 
Cerebellum, and Medulla Oblongata, similarly 
united, while trained monkeys appear to nearly as 
good an advantage as uncultivated men. The 
higher development of the Cerebrum, the 
multiplication of the convolutions of the brain, 
and the greater amount of gray matter are the dis- 
tinctive forms and qualities of the brain of man as 
compared with that of the brain of the well- 
developed animal, outside of the human species. 
It is estimated that the surface of the convolutions 
of a well-developed human brain will sometimes 
reach six hundred and seventy square inches. 
" In the other plate," continued the Doctor, 66 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
picking up the one which had been accidentally 
dropped during the conversation, "you have an- 
other view of these convolutions, and in addition 
thereto the nerve branches which go to the face, 
eyes, nose, mouth, ears, etc., etc. 
" By this picture you have an opportunity to 
see how what are called the cranial nerves are 
reaching forward to place us in communication 
with the outer world through the instrumentality 
of the eyes and ears, with which they are con- 
nected, and to enable us to enjoy the fragrance of 
the flowers, and the delicious flavor of fruits, etc., 
by nerves which penetrate the nostrils, for it is be- 
lieved by many that our ability to taste and to de- 
termine flavors, as well as to detect odors, is de- 
pendent upon the olfactory nerves. The little 
nerve branches ending just back of the eye-ball, 
are those used in moving the eye to the right and 
to the left, and upward and downward. The larg- 
est nerve with its branches reaching forward and 
downward, supply the eyes and nose still further, 
and also the teeth and jaws. It is believed by 
physiologists that this nerve assists us in our sense 
of taste. It is surely the nerve which reports to THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
67 
the brain the painful operations of the dentist. 
Toothache and neuralgia move along in these 
nerve-tracks, and communicate their existence to 
the brain. The other branches I may explain at 
some future time," concluded the Doctor, " for 
neither you nor I can spend more time this morn- 
ing in talking about them. You must go to your 
Dispensary, and I must make some calls." 
Sammy suddenly casting his eyes to the clock, 
and observing the lateness of the hour, did not 
SECTION OF THE BRAIN WITH CRANIAL NERVES. 68 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
stop to assent or dissent, for it was about five min- 
utes of ten o'clock. 
In a moment more both the Doctor and his im- 
patient pupil jumped into the phaeton, for the for- 
mer had intended to drive in the direction the 
latter wanted to go. But the conversation about 
the brain and nerves was not resumed during the 
drive, for Sammy was impatient to reach his 
Twenty-seventh Street home, while the mind of 
his preceptor was preoccupied with matters apper- 
taining to his patients. As the two drove up in 
front of Sammy's sign, they were amused to see 
Sponsie Number I seated on the railing of the 
front veranda, blowing as hard as his lungs would 
permit him, a large old-fashioned dinner horn 
which was formerly used on the old plantation in 
Tennessee. The animal seemed to realize that his 
young master was behind time, and as he had seen 
old Mrs. Tubbs nearly blow her cheeks off on the 
antique-looking instrument on a few occasions to 
bring home old Father Tubbs when he was white- 
washing in the neighborhood, the monkey evi- 
dently thought he would try its virtues on the 
younger Tubbs. It so happened that the result THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
69 
was highly satisfactory to Sponsie's mind. It 
would be difficult to convince him that he and the 
old horn did not bring Sammy to his post of 
duty. CHAPTER IV. 
SPONSIE NUMBER I AS A SOLDIER-A SAMPLE 
OF HIS BRAVERY IN THE FACE OF DANGER 
-HE SEEKS SAFETY IN BLUCHER'S KENNEL 
-THE STORY OF CHRISTY-GREAT FUN AND 
LAUGHTER IN THE ALLEY-DOCTORS WIN- 
KLES AND HUBBS TALK ABOUT THE BRAIN 
-THE QUARREL BETWEEN SPONSIE NUMBER 
I AND BRIDGET-THE CAUSE DISCOVERED. 
OWEVER successful 
Sammy maybe in mak- 
ing a home-guard of 
Sponsie Number I in a 
time of profound peace, 
it is evident from what 
I am about to tell you 
that he could never 
make of him a good 
soldier to send to the 
front in time of war. 
Shortly before twelve 
o'clock, or in other 
words, a little before the closing of the Dispen- THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
71 
sary hours yesterday, Sammy dispatched one of 
his sisters with a message to Bridget to send the 
soldier's toggery and gun. He wanted to put 
Sponsie Number I through a short lesson. By 
the time the sister returned, the brother had fin- 
ished' his Dispensary duties for the morning. 
The next thing in order was to make a "bold 
soldier-boy " of the courageous young rider of the 
noble Blucher. Surely a fellow who could so 
bravely ride the big dog, and who had the fearless- 
ness to attempt to break him to the harness, would 
be just the chap to put on the soldier-straps, and 
shoulder a rifle cannon if necessary. 
The putting on of the regimentals was an easy 
thing to do, for the monkey entered right into the 
spirit of the thing ! He had hardly patience to 
wait for the last button to be put through its but- 
ton-hole. The moment it was done, he leaped 
upon the bureau in great haste to view himself in 
the mirror. Sponsie strutted across the bureau 
watching his own movements with as much satis- 
faction as a young military prince could have 
done, when dressed for parade. He imagined 
himself equal to any of the Seventh Regiment 72 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
boys, and very far superior to the Billy Wilson 
Zouaves. " Now," said Sammy to his sister, 
"bring me the gun." As the girl re-entered the 
room with this harmless wooden instrument, a 
scene ensued which cannot be described with 
printer's ink ! Sponsie, 
seeing something in the 
shape of a gun, sprang 
frantically from the bu- 
reau to the top of the man- 
tel-piece, and from there 
to a high shelf, knocking 
off books, papers, and a 
large glass lamp which 
scattered its broken frag- 
ments in all directions 
when it struck upon the 
floor. Fortunately it did 
not contain any kerosene 
or sperm oil. What a chatter 1 Then again what 
another jump! Through sash and glass, slam- 
bang, then into the back alley to where the 
grand-looking old Blucher lay before his kennel. 
As Sponsie approached him, the noble animal 
LIKES THE CLOTHES. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
73 
sprung up on his fore feet, leaving his hind ones 
still reclining upon the straw, and put on an 
inquiring look as if to ask-" What's up ? what's 
the matter ? " Sponsie, without stopping to give 
any satisfactory explanation, dodged to the very 
furthermost corner of 
old Bliicher's inviting 
home and buried him- 
self, soldier's clothes 
and all, beneath the 
straw bedding. 
It is not likely that 
Sammy or his sister 
could have found the 
deserter if Blucher had 
not looked so wondrous 
wise. 
"The dog knows 
just where Sponsie is," 
exclaimed Sammy, ap- 
proaching the kennel. " Drop that gun,Esther," 
added he in a low voice, presenting the palm 
of his hand behind him in a cautioning man- 
ner, " or our brave soldier-boy will have another 
BUT DON'T CARE FOR THE GUN. 74 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
fit if we succeed in finding him." As the girl 
dropped it, old Blucher picked it up between his 
teeth, little thinking that this was the formidable 
instrument that had frightened Sponsie. Rising 
now upon all fours, the dog walked about, wagging 
his tail, and carrying the gun cross-wise in his 
large, laughing mouth, looking still as if he would 
like to know-"What's going to be done now ? " 
Sponsie, seeing from his hiding-place that old 
Blucher had the terrible weapon in his mouth, 
crept out from the kennel, and finding that the dog 
was not afraid of it, undertook as frantically to get 
the gun away from Blucher, as, a little while ago, 
he had tried to get himself away from the gun. 
There was a struggle for a little time, for playful 
dogs do not like to let go such things, but seem 
rather readier to sacrifice their teeth than to give 
up either a stick or a bone when once they have 
picked one up. With Sammy's and Esther's help, 
however, the gun was taken away from Blucher, 
and then you should have seen our bold soldier- 
boy strut up and down the alley, with the gun 
against his shoulder, as he had seen the boys in a 
target-excursion carry theirs. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
75 
The cowardice of the monkey when he thought 
there was danger, and his exceeding bravery when 
he knew there was none, reminded Sammy of a 
play in which the late George Christy used to take 
a prominent part. There was supposed to be a ter- 
rible quarrel upon the stage between about half a 
dozen fellows on one side and as many more on 
the other. George would lead up his braves, bran- 
dishing his fists in a most fearless manner, till within 
THE BOLD SOLDIER OF THE ALLEY. 76 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
arm's length of his adversaries, when he would faint 
dead away and fall into the arms of his comrades. 
By the time he was dragged away to a safe distance 
he would come to, and then with the greatest display 
of courage, as if he had not already faltered, he 
would again advance, telling his boys behind him in 
a most assuring tone not to be afraid-" I am here ! 
boys, I am here ! " But his encouraging com- 
mands would again die out as he met his combat- 
ants face to face, and over and over again would 
he be borne to the rear by his companions, as limp 
as if life had departed and left only some worthless 
remains. Well, Sponsie was just such a brave sol- 
dier-boy as George was in that bit of acting. Sam- 
my and Esther nearly split their sides over Sponsie's 
manoeuvres, and the story of Christy, which the 
former told in a graphic manner, playfully illus- 
trating with his own person the fearless advances 
of the comic actor, and then the swoon which 
followed, falling heavily against the fence, while his 
sister made the alley ring with merry peals of laugh- 
ter. After putting Sponsie through his first drill 
our young lecturer turned his steps towards his 
Broadway home, shaking his sides while thinking THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
77 
of what he had to tell the Doctor. But on arriving 
he found Doctor Winkles there. The boy was un- 
able to feel quite the same respect for Doctor 
Winkles that he formerly entertained, and meet- 
ing him so unexpectedly at this time, it dampened 
somewhat his glow of humor. But he managed to 
tell both of the doctors the story of Sponsie's fear of 
the gun and of his pride upon being drilled to the 
hazardous duties of a holiday soldier. All laughed 
heartily over the story of the affair, and it was 
agreed all around that Sponsie would do better on 
parade or on a target-excursion than he would for 
service in the field. 
The first word spoken by Doctor Winkles, after 
the merriment had subsided, was to make explana- 
tion, in the presence of Sammy, with reference to 
the course he pursued on the night of the boy's 
debut as a lecturer. He told the latter that he 
should have presented himself without disguise if 
Doctor Hubbs had not so strongly urged him to 
keep away altogether. " But," he said, in a pat- 
ronizing tone, " to keep away, you know, Sammy, 
I could not do ; for I feel as much interest in your 
progress as Doctor Hubbs does, though I confess 78 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
I could not have proved so successful a teacher as 
he has done. 
" My Louis Napoleon," he continued, "is just 
as big a dunce as ever he was. His bones lengthen 
and his muscles grow, but it is difficult to ob- 
serve much development of brain. Sometimes I 
think I am to blame for it, but when I consider 
how much the brain differs in quality in different 
people of the same race, I console myself with the 
reflection that Louis has a better stomach to digest 
food than he has brain with which to digest any idea 
I may have ever attempted to work into his head. 
" By the way, friend Hubbs," continued Doctor 
Winkles, addressing himself this time to Sammy's 
preceptor, " what do you think of Buchner's theory, 
that it is the peculiar function of the brain to secrete 
thought, just as it is the function of the liver to 
secrete bile ? " 
This curious idea made a new nerve-track in the 
brain of our young lecturer. A new convolution 
was doubtless added somewhere, and fresh gray 
matter flew to the place to cover the newly sprouted 
brain-fibres. He now watched with interest his 
preceptor, who proceeded to reply : THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
79 
"Well, I confess I hardly know what to think 
of it. It seems as if the human brain was a ' thing,' 
to use an expression of Sammy's, quoted from Lord 
Dundreary, ' that no fellow can find out ' 1 I have 
been greatly interested with what the great Ger- 
man physiologist has written, but my own views 
are more nearly represented by the writings of 
Fernand Papillon." 
" I have not met with any of his productions, 
although I have heard of them," said Doctor Win- 
kles. " He, doubtless, would consider the views 
of Buchner as too materialistic, would he not ? " 
" He believes and argues in a way not to be 
easily answered," replied Doctor Hubbs, " that the 
brain and nerves are only the instruments of the 
soul. In an article on the ' Physiology of the Pas- 
sions ' he enters into a lengthy argument to show 
that the brain is the centre of passional as well as 
of intellectual phenomena, and then further to de- 
monstrate that nothing can be found in the nervous 
ganglia or brain to fully account for them, but 
that we must at last admit of the existence of a 
psychic faculty or soul. I have not the time now 
to give you the points presented in the article in 80 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
their logical order; to present them otherwise would 
be to greatly weaken their force. You had better 
read the article yourself. It is in the March num- 
ber of the Popular Science Monthly. He concludes 
what he presents at much length with substantially 
these words : ' Passion resides in something that 
is neither the brain nor the nerves nor the mus- 
cles ; a something which perceives, enjoys, and suf- 
fers, and which moves the entire body in unison 
with its own feelings. Now this conscious faculty, 
courage up. (See page 75.) THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
81 
he says, this faculty of perceiving causes in no 
wise mechanical, is the soul. The more deeply we 
study the physiology of the passions, the more are 
we convinced that the agitation of the nervous and 
motor energies is but the outward manifestation of 
deeper causes which we call psychic. So, too, he 
finally concludes, the more we study into matter 
the better we comprehend that it is only an external 
form, a kind of clothing to something which we 
cannot see. Thus does science ever lead us back 
courage down. (See page 76.) 82 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
to that eternal and mysterious thing we call force, 
and, beyond force, to that which we call spirit." 
Sammy was quite as interested, a listener as 
Doctor Winkles, as he, to save time, polished his 
preceptor's case of instruments and kept his eyes 
for one moment upon his work and then upon Dr. 
Hubbs alternately. 
Doctor Winkles, noticing this fact, turned to the 
boy and asked: "What do you think about it, 
Sammy ? " 
" Well, I don't think that the brain is an organ 
for secreting thought the same as the liver is the 
organ for secreting bile," replied the bright young 
man, " although it seems to have a way of working 
up into ideas the food it extracts from the blood, 
which in turn has had its supply from the food 
received by the stomach." 
The eyes of both doctors were now fixed with 
surprise upon the remarkable lad as he pro- 
ceeded : 
" I was reading something by Huxley the other 
day, in which he said that every word uttered by 
a speaker cost him so much bodily loss. In the 
strictest sense, he informed the reader, that the THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
83 
speaker burned that others might have light. So 
much eloquence, so much of his body resolved 
into waste matter. This loss of substance he fur- 
ther said we must make up by taking food. This 
would look as if Doctor Buchner's theory was cor- 
rect, but it seems there is another side of the ques- 
tion yet, as presented by the one whom Doctor 
Hubbs has been talking about, and this better ac- 
cords with my notion." 
" Your head is level I " exclaimed Doctor Win- 
kles, looking greatly pleased. " One thing is evi- 
dent enough," he added, assuming a more serious 
expression, "the brain itself is a physical organ, 
and must be supplied with food when it is at work 
just as much as the lungs, liver, or stomach must 
be fed while attending to their functions. And 
Mr. Huxley's statement can be easily reconciled to 
the position taken by Mons. Papillon." 
While making the foregoing remark Doctor 
Winkles arose from his chair, and drawing on his 
overcoat, prepared to depart. As he shook hands 
with Sammy, who had come to assist him in put- 
ting on his over-garment, he asked in a tone that 
was earnest as well as humorous : 84 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
"You have forgiven me for what I did the other 
night, haven't you ? " 
Sammy looked his interrogator pleasantly in the 
face, but hesitated, for he hardly knew whether or 
not his feelings would warrant him in saying yes. 
The affair referred to, whether precisely as ex- 
plained or viewed simply as a joke, was one which 
aroused in the boy's breast not a little of indigna- 
tion. In other words, his soul had been offended, 
and this psychic faculty stirred his nerve-fibres to 
an emotion which he could not resist. As Mons. 
Papillon would say, the offence had no mechanical 
cause with which to agitate or irritate the nerve- 
centres. Finally Sammy said, as he squeezed the 
Doctor's hand in a more cordial manner, " I'll try, 
Doctor, to do so." 
Doctor Hubbs, in bidding his friend good-by, 
assured him that Sammy's disposition was quite 
too amiable to harbor hard feelings against any one 
for a great length of time, and that he had no 
doubt but that the wound that the boy's psychic 
faculty had received would in time fully heal. 
" But you know," he added, " you could not have 
committed a greater offence against Sammy and THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
85 
his people than to burlesque their color and speech 
on an occasion like that, especially after the family 
pride had been thoroughly aroused by Sammy's 
remarkable success." 
Doctor Winkles really left the house with some- 
thing pricking his inner consciousness, or soul, very 
much as a sliver tortures the flesh. He might be 
said to be suffering with a moral sliver in his psy- 
chic faculty, and he greatly regretted that he had 
not had a little "more fore-sight" as well as 
" hind-sight," as Mr. Beecher once aptly remarked 
in explanation of something he had done which 
was sharply criticised. 
On Sammy's going down to the kitchen to put 
away the chamois and whitening with which he 
had been polishing the Doctor's instruments, he 
found Bridget and Sponsie Number 2 in a boister- 
ous quarrel. Bridget was holding in one hand the 
soldier-clothes which Sammy had returned on com- 
ing home from Twenty-seventh Street, and with the 
other she was shaking her finger and scolding the 
monkey in a loud tone of voice, while the little fellow, 
from a perch on the top shelf of the tin-closet, was 
chattering back in the wildest manner. Between 86 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
the scolding of Bridget and the chattering of the 
monkey, Sammy could not have made his voice 
heard if he had attempted to speak at the moment 
of his entering the kitchen. It seemed that Sponsie 
Number 2 would not allow Bridget to put the sol- 
dier's clothes on him. This was to her a mysteri- 
ous freak on the part of the little fellow, for here- 
tofore nothing had giv- 
en him greater pleasure 
than to don the soldier- 
coat and pantaloons 
with stripes at their 
sides and go through 
the drill. The monkey 
enjoyed it because it 
seemed to make him 
feel as big as a soldier, 
and Bridget was equal- 
ly pleased, for it raised 
herself in her imagina- 
tion to the dignity of 
a commanding officer. She always felt like one 
born to command, and the drilling of Sponsie 
Number 2 had afforded her the first opportunity of 
THE QUARREL. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
87 
gratifying this part of her ambition that she had 
ever experienced. But now, for some, to her, in- 
explicable reason, even 
this bit of keen pleasure 
was denied her, for her 
" disorderly private" as 
she called him, would 
not allow the uniform 
to be put on. 
" I know what's the 
matter," said Sammy 
with a wise look, after 
the tumult had some- 
what subsided. " He 
knows by the smell of 
those things that Sponsie Number I has had them 
on." 
' ' Faith an' yer right Sammy," exclaimed Bridget. 
" That's jist what's the matter ! Ain't he a smart 
b'y, indade ? be the powers, an he aise," both 
asked and answered the girl in the same breath, 
rolling her remarks in loud laughter, while the 
monkey projected his head from his retreat with 
his sad face and blinking eyes, as if to know what 
THE CAUSE. 88 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
had so suddenly changed the violent temper of 
the girl. 
Our young lecturer ran upstairs and communi- 
cated the state of affairs in the kitchen. " I do 
not," he said, " know what I am to do if Sponsie 
Number 2 will not train with Sponsie Number 1. I 
may be compelled to leave one of those chaps at 
home from the party." 
" If," remarked the Doctor, with a broad smile, 
" you could find the nerve-tracks in the monkey's 
brain which recorded the fact of his imprisonment 
by Sponsie Number 1 and-his sufferings while shut 
up and hazed by the latter, you might perhaps rub 
or cut them out." 
" Pity he isn't about eighty years old," replied 
Sammy ; " then they might crumble away without 
assistance. As it is, I fear they are the enduring 
nerve-tracks of youth." 
" Yes," added the Doctor, " and his nerve-cen- 
tres have been stirred by causes which are both 
mechanical and psychic." 
Just at this moment, the conversation was inter- 
rupted by the door-bell, and not for the time re- 
sumed, for a patient was ushered into the Doctor's THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
89 
consultation-room. If Sammy should hit upon a 
plan effecting a treaty of peace between his two 
little mischief-makers, you shall hear the news be- 
fore anybody else receives it. The prospect just 
now is, that one of those Sponsies will have to stay 
at home from the Biddiewickers' masked party. CHAPTER V. 
THE MILITARY DRILL OF THE MONKEYS-THE 
BATTLE OF SHIN-BONE ALLEY-THE TWO SPON- 
SIES PUT TO FLIGHT-THE PROGRAMME OF 
THE MASKED PARTY-SAMMY'S ARGUMENT IN 
FAVOR OF PHRENOLOGY-OLD MR. JOHNSON'S 
CALL. 
F my young readers 
could have gone over 
to the Dispensary 
with Sammy the day 
following the one duly 
chronicled in the last 
chapter, you would 
have had a jolly time 
of it, if your clothes 
had been sufficiently 
loose to give play to 
your vibrating ribs 
and muscles. If in 
tight clothing, something would have had to give 
way. The event is now known among the colored THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
91 
people as the Battle of Shin-Bone Alley. The alley 
was thus named, because old Blucher had scattered 
so many bones along its cobblestone paths. 
The facts arc briefly as follows: Mrs. Hubbs 
on hearing that the invalid monkey would not put 
on his soldier-clothes, because Sponsie Number I 
had been wearing them, placed a few shillings in 
Bridget's hand, for the purpose of purchasing the 
material and having made up a new suit of regi- 
mentals for the fastidious trooper. Bridget made 
haste to perform her part, and had the suit all 
ready that very night. The next morning, after 
Sammy had got all of his morning work done, he 
took Sponsie Number 2 on his right arm, and with 
the soldier clothes tied up in a handkerchief in the 
left hand, he wended his way to his 27th Street 
quarters. It was only half-past eight o'clock, and 
he had therefore an hour and a half before the 
commencement of his dispensary duties in which to 
drill the two monkeys. 
Esther dressed Sponsie Number 1, and gave him 
a few lessons in the kitchen. Sammy put the sol- 
dier-toggery on Sponsie Number 2, and gave him 
a little drill by himself in the Dispensary. All 92 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
these preliminaries over, it was concluded best to 
take the two monkeys to the alley, and have them 
march towards each other, thus having them meet 
for the first time since their separation under the 
restraints of military discipline. 
THE ADVANCE OF SPONSIE NUMBER 2. 
Sponsie Number i was put down on his feet 
near old Blucher's kennel which was close by the 
house, and Sponsie Number 2 was taken to the 
outer end of the alley, where it merged into the 
street. The large gate at the entrance was closed, THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
93 
to prevent either of the soldiers from deserting. 
The children gathered about in great numbers to 
witness the sport. Esther again drilled her home- 
guard at her end of the alley, while Sammy drilled 
his " bold soldier boy" at his end, a slight bend in 
the alley and a woodshed upon it, preventing the 
two monkeys from seeing each other. 
A nice little colored boy, who lived next door, 
acted as Sammy's aid-de-camp, and by the time 
it was thought that the young soldiers had been 
THE MARCH OF SPONSIE NUMBER I. 94 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
sufficiently drilled to maintain good order when 
brought face to face, the aid-de-camp was sent for- 
ward to Esther, with orders to advance with her 
guard, while Sammy should advance with his. In 
a few moments all was ready, and the aid-de-camp 
returned to his commander. Both of the monkeys, 
viewed as they were by so many children, felt 
their importance. Each one advanced with a feel- 
ing of haughtiness which made them look nearly 
twice as large as they really were. It was believed 
that under the influence of soldierly pride each 
would acquit himself with credit both in respect 
to discipline and valor. 
Esther was marching by the side of herbrdve, and 
behind was old Blucher, with head up, and tail up, 
one end wagging quite as much as the other, while 
a score of little boys and girls brought up the rear, 
dividing their attentions about equally between the 
dog and the monkey. 
Sammy was by the side of his proud-looking 
veteran, followed by his aid-de-camp and lots of 
little folks. 
By and by, as the two groups approached in the 
bend of the alley, the soldiers put on additional THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
95 
airs, for they were too giddy with vanity to see 
each other. Their bedazzled eyes only took in the 
dark outline of the crowd on cither side. 
By a signal from Sammy, the command- 
" Halt! " came simultaneously from the lips of Es- 
ther and her brother. Then, with hardly a moment's 
pause, the orders were given-" Ready 1 aim ! " 
The stocks of both muskets flew to the shoulders 
of the combatants, who were supposed to be go- 
ing through with a sham battle, and the barrels 
were levelled with due precision at each other, 
when, as suddenly as if a bolt of lightning had fallen 
between them, the muskets were dashed to the 
ground and the two braves retreated in opposite 
directions from each other, swinging their tails 
wildly about from under their regulation coats, and 
chattering as if each had received a mortal wound, 
each, too, followed by his gang of uproarious at- 
tendants, laughing as loudly as the monkeys were 
chattering. The truth of the matter was simply 
this: at the command-"Ready! aim!" each 
monkey for the first time became aware of the 
presence of the other. Hence the fright, hence 
the throwing away of weapons, and hence the 96 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
frantic retreat, more disorderly, indeed, than that 
known in our military annals by the name of 
"Bull Run." 
In spite of every effort it was impossible to rally 
the monkeys and get them to shoulder their wooden 
THE BATTLE OF SHIN-BONE ALLEY. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
97 
guns again that morning. Sponsie Number I 
stowed himself away under the straw in Blucher's 
kennel, as on a previous occasion, and Sponsie 
Number 2 reaching the closed gate, braced himself 
in one corner with his sad eyes nervously moving up 
and down, looking as if breathing within his own 
trembling bosom the patriotic words, " I want to 
go home ! " 
Esther carried the young warrior back to the 
Doctor's, while Sammy prepared to attend to his 
Dispensary practice. The children dispersed in 
all directions in great glee, and before noon there 
was hardly a colored family on the west side of 
the city that had not heard of and heartily laughed 
over the Battle of Shin-bone Alley. 
When Sammy returned to the office of his pre- 
ceptor, he found both Mrs. Millstone and Mrs. 
Biddlewicker awaiting his arrival. The Doctor 
had been amusing them with the report of the 
sham fight as given by Esther when she brought 
home the invalid monkey. 
" We," said Mrs. Millstone, speaking in behalf 
of her friend Mrs. Biddlewicker, " want you to 
come to the masked party, prepared to give the 98 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
young people a lecture about something they will 
understand. The first thing to do, you know, will 
be to amuse them with the monkeys, if they will be- 
have well together; or with one of them, if you 
think it best to have only one present. Then, 
just before refreshments, we want to place all the 
chairs in the double parlors in rows facing the end 
of the front room, and after seating everybody, 
have you stand up in front and give them one of 
your nice .lectures on anatomy, physiology, or 
something. You will do it, won't you, Sammy ? " 
While Mrs. Millstone was laying out all this pro- 
gramme Sammy looked more uneasy than the 
Doctor did. The latter had been so many times 
happily surprised with the boy's efforts, he had 
come to have just about as much confidence in the 
ability of his sable pupil as old Mr. Johnson al- 
ways seemed to entertain. But the young lec- 
turer hesitated and looked not a little anxious 
when his old friend concluded the programme with 
the question put in a low and persuasive tone. 
Standing up and talking to people with the most 
of whose faces he was more or less familiar, and 
in a place, too, where he felt entirely at home, was, THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
99 
in his estimation, quite a different thing from 
standing up in a strange and fashionable house be- 
fore educated children of the first families, whose 
tastes might not at all accord with his own. And 
this he frankly said to Mrs. Millstone. 
" I know you will please them," said she, " and 
with a mask on you won't feel bashful. Nobody 
feels bashful at a masked party," she added. 
Doctor Hubbs told Sammy that he had no 
doubt but that the programme laid down by Mrs. 
Millstone could be successfully carried out, and he 
said : 
"The lecture will not only be a novelty, but a 
very instructive feature. We want," said he, 
" to get in the way of mixing religion, education, 
and play more inextricably together. They are 
not chemically incompatible elements, to use a 
phrase familiar to our profession." 
" What could I lecture about there ? " asked 
Sammy, with an expression of face and language 
more like that of a whining boy than in keeping 
with the bright lad that he really was. 
Both the ladies and the Doctor were surprised 
at this exhibition of timidity, and were about to 100 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
speak all at once as a sound arose from the door- 
bell. 
Old Mr. Johnson was admitted ! Finding that 
there were ladies in the office with the Doctor he 
declined to enter there, but proceeded to make 
known to Sammy what he wanted as the two 
stood in the hallway with the front door remaining 
open. 
Recognizing the old gentleman's voice, the 
Doctor stepped to the door and begged him to 
come in. " You are," he said, "just the one we 
want to see. Sammy is timid about engaging to 
lecture before some young people on Wednesday 
night at Mrs. Biddlcwickcr's ! " 
As Mr. Johnson stepped in and was introduced 
to the two ladies, he inquired if it was altogether 
a white folks' party. On being informed that it 
was, he said : 
" Well, then, I am not surprised, then, that 
Sammy hesitates, then," replied the old man, put- 
ting a peculiar emphasis each time upon the word 
then. 
" But it is to be a masked party, and all will be 
of one color," interposed the Doctor, hoping to be THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
101 
able to gratify his friends, Mrs. Millstone and 
Mrs. Biddlewicker, in securing the presence of 
Sammy. 
" Ah, sir ! that is a different thing, sir 1 We 
colored folks, sir, owe you white folks one, sir, 
MR. JOHNSON GIVING HIS OPINION. 
since your friend Dr. Winkles played off his 
masked joke on us, sir," added the old gentleman, 
laughing heartily as he brought the end of his cane 
firmly down on the carpeted floor, with only a 
muffled resonance. " Sammy, sir, you are equal 102 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
to it, sir. Black boys must not show the white 
feather, sir ! " 
The presence and assuring manner of Mr. John- 
son completely changed the mental mood of the 
young lecturer, and the thought shot through his 
mind as to how much stronger he would feel if his 
old friend could only accompany him. " Per- 
haps," thought he, in his innocent forgetfulness of 
the prejudice of race, "the ladies may invite him 
to attend. I will," he said, addressing the ladies, 
" do just as Doctor Hubbs and Mr. Johnson say." 
" And I will let you know the result to-mor- 
row," added Doctor Hubbs ; upon which the 
ladies arose to depart, and, bidding Mr. Johnson, 
as well as the Doctor and Sammy, a cordial 
" good afternoon," they left without extending the 
additional invitation which Sammy silently hoped 
would be given. 
" I called, sir, on about the same errand, sir, 
that the ladies did, sir," remarked the old man, as 
Doctor Hubbs returned to his seat. " But, sir, as 
it is for the same night, sir, I must put my little 
affair off, I see, sir." J 
It seemed that Mr. Johnson had called to ask THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
103 
Sammy if he would not lecture on Wednesday 
night on the subject of phrenology. Several 
young men, headed by young Diggles, had sent a 
written request of this kind to the old gentleman, 
who was regarded by the colored people as a kind 
of business manager of both the dispensary and of 
the young lecturer. It might be said, perhaps, 
that while they looked upon Sammy as Doctor 
Hubbs' pupil, they considered him the ward of 
Mr. Johnson. 
When the latter concluded his explanation, 
Doctor Hubbs replied : 
" Scientists are bringing their batteries of criti- 
cism to bear pretty actively on phrenology just 
now ; but thus far they are rather answering claims 
set up in its favor in their own imaginations, than 
those which careful phrenologists have made. 
Many of them do not seem to have studied the 
science they are attacking, and are advancing upon 
a supposed enemy without knowing his position. 
They, indeed, in many instances, mistake some 
' Quaker Guns,' mounted here and there in their 
line of march by green phrenological recruits, 
for the true weapons of defence relied upon by 104 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
such men as Doctor J. R. Buchanan, the veteran 
Fowlers, Professor Sizer, and many others who 
always know what they are talking about, if they 
do not on all questions agree. Many careless 
words have been uttered by amateur phrenolo- 
gists, but the older heads 
cannot be easily van- 
quished." 
" It strikes me," said 
Sammy, once more ex- 
hibiting his true charac- 
ter, which seemed to 
have left him when the 
two ladies were present, 
'' that if Mons. Papillon 
and Doctor Carpenter 
are correct, that phre- 
nology must be rooted 
in truth which can be 
demonstrated. For instance," he said, " Mons. 
Papillon proves by physiological reasoning that 
there must be a psychic faculty or soul, which has 
charge of the bodily machinery. Doctor Carpen- 
ter, who is considered reliable authority in all that 
THE CHILD. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
105 
relates to physiology, says that every time we see, 
hear, or learn anything which we can afterwards 
recall, some new nerve-fibres grow in the brain, 
and new nerve-tracks are formed. These two 
facts put together must mean that the psychic fac- 
ulty or soul records in 
the brain everything that 
we learn. The former 
would naturally put those 
memoranda referring to 
similar things near toge- 
ther, just as in our filing 
letters away in our letter- 
boxes, we put letters from 
Chicago in the pigeon- 
hole next to the overflow- 
ing Illinois box, and let- 
ters from Boston in the 
pigeon-hole next to the 
crowded Massachusetts box." 
Just here Sammy paused, looking as if he had 
other ideas to advance, 'but needed time to put 
them in shape for utterance. 
Both Doctor Hubbs and old Mr. Johnson cast 
THE MAN. 106 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
glances of proud satisfaction at each other while 
the little lecturer was proceeding with his argu- 
ment ; and when Sammy came to a protracted 
pause, looking a little confused, the Doctor ex- 
claimed : 
" We catch your idea, Sammy. You think that 
the phrenologists, in grouping certain faculties to- 
gether, such as those called the perceptive facul- 
ties, others known as the reasoning faculties, etc., 
are sustained in their method by what Monsieur 
Papillon tells us, and by what would naturally 
occur where an intelligence was guiding the for- 
mations of records in the brain. It is true that in 
our business affairs we classify our memoranda ; 
that in writing or speaking effectively we classify 
our subjects ; and it is but fair to suppose that the 
intelligence within us, which leads us to adopt 
such systems and methods, is no less methodical 
in its own work. Hence all that occurs belong- 
ing to the region of our perceptive faculties would 
lay new nerve-tracks there ; all that appeals to our 
reasoning faculties would lay new nerve-tracks 
among them; all that exalts our moral and relig- 
ious faculties would lay new nerve-tracks where THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
107 
these faculties reside, and so on. And as both 
observation and experiment have demonstrated 
the location of these groups, we know where to 
find them ; and if new nerve-tracks are formed 
every time we exercise any of the organs of these 
groups, it is evident enough that they must change 
in size, and that the apparently unyielding skull, 
undergoing, as it is, constant changes by the de- 
composition of old material and the rebuilding 
with new, reshapes itself to the changing form of 
the mass of peculiar matter within it. In the 
growing child who has a thirst for knowledge, this 
change is observable from year to year ; and in 
the adult, who is progressive morally and intellec- 
tually, it is noticeable in those whom we do not 
daily see. Your idea, Sammy, is a capital one," 
said the Doctor, looking first to the boy and then 
to the old gentleman, who nodded an enthusiastic 
assent, and added : 
" Doctor Hubbs, sir, we must have a lecture, sir, 
from Doctor Samuel Tubbs, on phrenology, sir. 
He is equal to the subject, sir. I'll wait, sir, until 
the party is over, sir ; " saying this the old man 
gave some encouraging words to Sammy to go to 108 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
the party and to do credit to himself. " Speak 
on phrenology, my boy, unless you think of some 
other theme which you prefer, my boy, and then 
you can repeat the lecture at our place, my boy. 
You can do it, my son, you can do it, sir ! " 
Bowing to the Doctor, and shaking hands 
warmly with Sammy, the old gentleman left, 
thinking so earnestly about Sammy's smartness 
as he walked homeward, that his lips moved and 
his hands added here and there a kindly gesture, 
greatly to the amusement of those who passed 
him on the sidewalk. The latter did not know 
what new nerve-tracks were being laid in the re- 
gion of the organ of benevolence in the old man's 
brain, as he thought of the field of usefulness 
which awaited Sammy among his own people, and 
of the promising capacity of the young lecturer to 
do the great work which beckoned him onward. 
After old Mr. Johnson departed, the Doctor and 
Sammy took into earnest consideration the pro- 
gramme Mrs. Millstone had proposed for the 
party, and it was decided that Mrs. Biddlewicker 
should be informed that Sammy would do as her 
friend Mrs. Millstone had requested. It was be- THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
109 
lieved, however, and the two ladies were to be told 
that probably only one of the monkeys would ac- 
company Sammy. Further efforts would be made 
to teach them to take certain parts together, but 
if the efforts failed, only one alternative remained, 
and that was to take the most proficient actor, 
giving the duller one the slight. I will, therefore, 
now close my portfolio until Wednesday, for our 
young lecturer will have his hands full in making 
preparations for the coming masked party, at 
which he is expected to provide both fun and 
sober entertainment, by Mrs. Millstone and her 
friend Mrs. Biddlewicker, both of whom will keep 
this secret entirely to themselves. Even Miss 
Minnie knows nothing of the arrangement with 
Sammy. CHAPTER VI. 
THE MORNING OF THE PARTY-SHAM-FIGHT AND 
FALL OF SPONSIE NUMBER 2-PHRENOLOGY, 
PHYSIOGNOMY, AND SARCOGNOMY - THESE 
LARGE WORDS EXPLAINED-THE AMPUTATION 
OF THE FOOT OF SPONSIE NUMBER 2-ALL 
READY FOR THE EVENING CARNIVAL. 
EDNESDAY morn- 
ing ! It is snowing a 
little. The curbstones, 
tops of fences, window- 
caps and sills, and brown 
branches of the leafless 
trees, look as if they 
had not wholly cast off 
their night clothes ! 
Their spotless garments 
will dissolve from view 
when genial " old Sol" 
reaches forth his golden 
wand ! Just now he is 
peeping through between two black clouds in the THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
111 
eastern sky, and giving us promise of a fair day. 
In at least two houses in the great city there is the 
bustle of activity at the hour of eight o'clock. 
The Biddiewickers are making lavish preparations 
for to-night's entertainment, and at the Doctor's 
the two monkeys are being put through all sorts 
of training. Sammy has succeeded in effecting 
the most perfect and cordial understanding be- 
tween Sponsie Number I and his former prisoner. 
Like the Confederate soldier and the survivor of 
Libby prison, they have struck hands across " the 
bloody chasm," and have come to regard all ani- 
mosities as the products of the basilar (lower) re- 
gion of the brain, and they want to lay no new 
nerve-tracks there. All heads, whether human or 
animal, seem generally to be born with enough of 
them. 
The two homeguards have become so familiar 
with a gun and with burnt powder without balls, 
that they will not only carry small weapons that 
can be fired off, but will stand up bravely and pull 
the trigger which sends a flash of fire and a curling 
fold of smoke from out the ends of real metal bar- 
rels. 112 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
Early this morning Sammy had the two war- 
riors in his room giving them what a theatrical 
manager would call a rehearsal. After marching 
and counter-marching the monkeys about in single 
file for some time to the rub-a-dub-dub of a small 
toy-drum hanging to the 
neck of Sponsie Number 
i, his companion-in-arms 
meanwhile carrying a 
musket, their chivalrous 
commander placed them 
in position for a sham- 
fight. Each of the 
braves was provided with 
a perfect gun of minia- 
ture size loaded with 
powder and wadding, 
primed and capped for 
mortal combat I At a 
given signal from Sammy, both fired, and Sponsie 
Number 2 fell as if terribly wounded. Of course he 
was not. It was all play, but exceedingly well done. 
It is worthy of note that Sponsie Number 1 insisted 
upon occupying the same superior position in re- 
THE REHEARSAL. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
113 
lation to his comrade that he had heretofore sus- 
tained when the latter was under the floor. 
Sammy started out by trying to have Sponsie 
Number I fall in the combat, for he thought that 
as he was a trifle smarter, he might go through 
the part a little better, but this would not work at 
all. The original Sponsie was willing to kill, but 
he was not willing to be killed or even to be 
wounded. It became necessary, therefore, to 
make Sponsie Number 2 the victim, as usual, and 
Sponsie Number I would strut about after the 
encounter as if the affair was an actual combat, 
and he a great hero. 
Just now Doctor Hubbs is engaged in his office- 
room in showing Sammy a phrenological map of 
the brain. I will give space to a small copy of it 
by and by, so that all my young readers can see 
it. The one the preceptor and pupil are bending 
over, is copied and enlarged from Professor Bu- 
chanan's " Neurological System of Anthropology." 
" And what is Neurological System of Anthro- 
pology ? " I imagine that some of my readers may 
inquire, while nearly dislocating their jaws in giving 
utterance to these difficult words. 114 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
Well, to be brief, it is the whole nervous sys- 
tem of the human body. If you will turn to Web- 
ster's dictionary you will find Neurology defined 
as a description of the nerves of animal bodies, or 
the doctrine of the nerves. The same authority, if 
you consult it, will tell you that Anthropology is 
the science of man, considered physically, intellec- 
tually, and morally, or in his entire nature. 
The work referred to, written by Professor J. R. 
Buchanan, was published in 1854, and is now un- 
fortunately out of print. Ten dollars was recently 
paid for a copy, which doubtless, when published, 
could have easily been bought for less than one- 
third of that amount. It is to be hoped that its 
author, who is at present filling a professorship in 
the Boston University, and occupying the chair 
of Anthropology in the Eclectic College of New 
York, will find time to give to the world another 
volume, embracing his former and later discoveries 
in Cerebral Physiology, by which I mean the phy- 
siology of the brain. In all that Professor Buchan- 
an presents in regard to the Physiology of the 
brain, Pathognomy and Sarcognomy, he fortifies his 
position by facts and arguments quite as convinc- THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
115 
ing as those given by other investigators who take 
less advanced ground. If this work were intended 
solely for adults I would reproduce some of them 
in these pages; but I fear my young readers would 
hardly have the patience to peruse them, and I there- 
fore feel constrained to content myself with calling 
attention to a brief outline of his discoveries, trust- 
ing that this will awaken an interest here and 
there in an inquiring mind that will be able to 
take up and carry forward the investigations which 
Professor Buchanan has commenced. 
" But what do you mean by Pathognomy and 
Sarcognomy ? " perhaps some bright, uplifted faces 
are inquiring, while I am rattling along as if I had 
not dropped some big words as formidable as chest- 
nut-burrs, which ought to be picked open. Well, 
be patient, and I will fix it so that you shall in 
good time find out. 
The science of Phrenology, most of my readers 
need hardly to be told, refers to the reading of the 
human character by the form and quality of the 
brain. The former is determined by the size and 
external conformation of the skull, and the latter 
by the temperament of the individual. Every fac- 116 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
ulty and passion is claimed to have a special organ 
in the brain, which is developed or diminished 
proportionate to its exercise or neglect. Phrenolo- 
gists are not entirely in accord as to the location of 
a few of the organs ; but a majority of them exert 
such a controlling influence in the manifestations 
of the mind, that those giving attention to the sub- 
ject seldom fail to agree as to the proper place in 
the skull to assign their residence. Time will cor- 
rect all disagreements, and investigation will event- 
ually place the science on a foundation which will 
defy the attacks of all assailants. 
We will look now at a picture of the human 
head, and see where the groups of organs which 
exercise so much influence over all our actions are 
located. In presenting in this volume a picture 
containing so much, some of the names can hardly 
be read without the aid of a magnifying-glass. If 
you have one it will repay you to use it and ex- 
amine the chart closely. But the larger letters 
outside of the line of the head will give you an idea 
of the regions in which many of the groups of or- 
gans are found. 
In the picture it will be seen that the face is THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
117 
pretty well covered over with names of regions 
OUTLINES OF PHRENOLOGY. 
which are influenced by the organs of the brain. 
The originator of the above chart, Professor 118 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
Buchanan, here reaches out considerably from 
Phrenology into Physiognomy. 
Again I am touched on the elbow by some little 
inquirer who wants to know the meaning of Physi- 
ognomy. I ought to say, " Go to your dictionary," 
but as this will for the moment take your attention 
from these pages, I will give it to you just as Web- 
ster defines the word. 
" Physiogonomy : The art or science of discern- 
ing the character of the mind from the features of 
the face ; or the art of discovering the predomi- 
nant temper or other characteristic qualities of 
the mind by the form of the body, but especially 
by the external sighs of the countenance or the 
combination of the features." 
For instance, if either Professor Buchanan or Pro- 
fessor Redfield were to meet you, he would tell 
you just what sort of a boy or girl you are by the 
appearance of your eye, form of your nose, the 
size of your ears, shape of your chin, the width of 
your jaw, the conformation of your lips, and the 
prominences and depressions in your whole face. 
And he would tell you correctly too, so that your 
mother's face would be lighted up with pride as he THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
119 
spoke of the good traits she knew you possessed, 
and droop in sadness as he revealed the bad quali- 
ties which she hoped nobody but herself would 
ever discover. 
Investigations in Physiology sustain the claims 
of Physiognomists, by which latter term I mean 
those who understand or teach Physiognomy. If 
M. Duchenne were present he could with an elec- 
trical instrument touch certain muscles of your face 
and make you look cross; touch others and make 
you look as if you were greatly pleased; again 
touch certain other muscles and cause your expres- 
sion to be one of happy surprise; agitate others 
and make you appear as if greatly disappointed, 
and so on, causing all sorts of facial expressions. 
Well, now, every thought which passes through 
your brain stirs in some way a facial muscle. 
This agitation of a muscle diverts to it a greater 
flow of blood ; this flow of blood to the muscle 
causes it to grow. M. Duchenne would give those 
muscles mechanical agitation with the electrical 
stimulus, and if continued long enough would 
somewhat magnify the Physiognomical indications 
of your character, and thus in a measure mislead 120 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
the Physiognomist. But inasmuch as your facial 
muscles are seldom stirred by mechanical causes, 
but are thrilled by nervous forces sent from your 
brain every day of your life, the skilled Physiogno- 
mist would have no difficulty in reading your char- 
acter in your facial lines, because the thrilling of 
these nerves, and the agitation of the muscles under 
their control, enlarges the latter so as to tell tales 
of those organs in the brain, which have produced 
the various facial expressions. 
It does not, indeed, require a practised Physiog- 
nomist to read the characters of some people in 
their faces ; and in using the term practised Physi- 
ognomist, I mean those who have devoted much 
time to the application of the science. All observ- 
ing people are more or less practical Physiogno- 
mists. Everybody meeting another body forms 
some kind of an estimate of the stranger's charac- 
ter by the face he carries about with him ; does it 
involuntarily-not always correctly. Study of the 
science is necessary to make one exact in reading 
what people truly are by their features and facial 
muscles. 
But I must tell you another surprising fact: If THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
121 
Professor J. R. Buchanan should catch you in 
swimming, without bathing-dresses on, he would 
read your characters in your bodies, even if you 
should hide your faces and heads in the sands of 
the beach. He proves in his Anthropology before 
alluded to, that the nerve-fibres reaching out to 
various parts of the body so influence its develop- 
ment, that there is a kind of Physiognomy which 
applies to the body as well as to the face. He 
calls this science Sarcognomy. 
You must understand that anatomists have found 
that every nerve-fibre going out from the brain 
extends without branching to its appropriate place 
of termination. When it is considered that there 
are hundreds of millions of them thus extending 
from the great centre-the Capitol of the Nervous 
System, as I nearly twenty years ago named the 
brain-to every part of the body, it must be ap- 
preciated that every square inch of the human sys- 
tem is under the direct control of the brain. 
Every thought and every emotion thrills and vi- 
brates its appropriate nerve, and this agitation ex- 
tends to the end of the great toe if the nerve ter- 
minates there, just as much as it would agitate the 122 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
muscle of the lip or eye if it terminated at either 
of these points. Let me show you then a copy 
OUTLINES OF SARCOGNOMY. 
of Professor Buchanan's outlines of Sarcognomy, 
which I here do in a nearly full-page picture. It is THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
123 
much reduced in size from the original, to give it 
room in these pages, but it can be read with care, 
and will repay patient study. Put your magnifying- 
glasses over it if necessary to make out all the names. 
The author of this system gives us in his work 
evidence of the sympathetic connection between 
the intellectual faculties located in the front part of 
the brain and the region occupied by the breast- 
bone, or sternum. Also the reasons for believing 
that the higher affectional organs influence the de- 
velopment of the chest on either side of the breast- 
bone. Here, he says, are the places where we are 
thrilled by emotions of hope, love, benevolence, 
patriotism, and reverence, giving prominence with- 
out depth to the upper part of the chest, while the 
back part of the same region is made deeper and 
broader by the exercise of those organs whose lo- 
cation is marked on the back over the region of 
the lungs in the right-hand figure. In other words, 
the gentler thoughts and emotions of the front 
brain give prominence without depth to the chest, 
while the exercise of the more energetic faculties 
of the back brain impart both depth and breadth to 
the chest. 124 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
" The correspondence between the body and the 
brain is such," says Professor Buchanan, "that we 
may say that the upper portion of the brain and 
the upper portion of the body correspond, and the 
lower portion of the brain below a line drawn just 
above the orifices of the ear, from the face to the 
back-head, corresponds to the lower half of the 
person. The organs of the front half of the brain 
correspond with the front surface of the body, and 
the back half coincides with the arms and back 
surface. The organs of the neck coincide with the 
lower limbs, and the corresponding region of the 
arms is found on the middle of the upper back- 
head." He traces the relation between the organs 
of disease, fear, and sensibility, to the abdominal 
region under the margin of the ribs. In speaking 
of the influence of this portion of the body upon 
the health, he says : 
" The fact which points to this location is the 
existence therein of a great centre for morbid in- 
fluences. The blood, in passing through every 
portion of the system, acquires a peculiar character 
from the influence of each part. In the lungs, for 
example, the blood attains its highest degree of THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
125 
vitalization. As every secreting organ separates 
peculiar elements, and all other parts of the body 
are continually taking from the blood their appro- 
priate nourishment, and giving back to it their 
waste material, there are greater varieties in the 
quality of the blood in different parts of the body 
than chemistry has yet described. The blood of 
what are called the portal vessels, located in the 
region we are speaking of, collects from the intes- 
tines to go to the liver, and is more impure than 
that of any other portion of the body. It pos- 
sesses qualities which, were they scattered through- 
out the blood tubes of the body, would place the 
latter in a general state of disease, if indeed they 
did not produce death. This bad blood of the 
portal vessels undergoes double purification, first 
by the liver, and then by the lungs, before it is fit 
to re-enter the general circulation." 
" The accumulation of the blood in the region 
under consideration is one of the most common 
features of disease. In proportion as the disease 
is more general, and less strictly local, it is charac- 
terized by a congestion of the portal vessels. That 
is by their being unduly pressed full of the impure 126 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
blood which in health passes readily through them. 
Fear and every other mental condition which 
causes this congestion tends to enfeeble the health 
and invite the attack of disease, while active exer- 
cise and everything which causes the blood to flow 
towards the surface of the body and into the limbs 
in equal quantities, helps to maintain health." 
Professor Buchanan believes that the organs 
marked Sensibility, Fear, and Disease in his out- 
lines of Phrenology exert a direct influence upon 
the activity of the portal vessels, and he has made 
many interesting experiments which tend to con- 
firm this belief. 
The same writer locates the selfish and evil pro- 
pensities below the waist on the lower part of the 
back. Irritability lies at the margin of the ribs 
nearly on a level with the elbows, and is marked 
" Irri." Right above it is Acquisitiveness, or the 
desire for gain, marked " Acq." The combative 
and destructive region lies along the back from 
and including "Selfish" down to and including 
" Hate," and not along the outer surface of the 
hips as might possibly be implied from the fact of 
the names being printed there. The space be- THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
127 
tween " acq " and "vitality" on either.side may 
be said to define the combative and destructive 
regions. It will also be observed that Combative- 
ness has its nerve-lines extending along the back 
of the fore-arm and Adhesiveness its lines along 
the inside of the forearm. Vitality is located 
where the thigh joins the body. Nutrition is just 
back of the outside of the thigh. " Amat" stands 
for Amativeness, and that is situated at the point 
where the spinal bones unite with those of the 
pelvis. 
Professor Buchanan refers to all those located 
along the lower part of the back as the baser or- 
gans, and speaks of the feelings of unpleasantness 
and disgust which are associated with the lower 
parts of the body. While admitting the existence 
of such a sentiment I must enter my protest against 
it, and for reasons that will find expression before 
the close of this series. Suffice it to say in this 
place that the sentiment is, in the opinion of many 
intelligent and Christian people, due simply to cen- 
turies of false education. 
Below the knees the legs are not mapped off to 
any great extent, but in the original picture look 128 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
as bare as some of our unexplored territories do in 
our school atlases. The author, however, remarks 
that the Sarcognomy of the legs corresponds mainly 
with that of the arms. Whether future Sarcogno- 
mists will be ablejo make new discoveries in these 
regions of the body, 
time will determine. 
We will return again 
to the upper part of one 
of the figures, where 
we have left some hard 
names which should be 
defined and explained. 
For this purpose we 
will make a large copy 
of the head of the figure, 
and place it where we 
can refer to it more 
conveniently. The 
word Thoracic always refers to the region of the 
chest. Hence the front upper part of the head 
is so marked, because the action of the brain in 
this locality exercises an influence over the upper 
front portions of the chest. Brachial refers to the 
ANOTHER LOOK AT THE HEAD. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
129 
arms and the back upper part of the head is thus 
designated because the brain in this region exerts 
an influence over the development of the arms and 
shoulders. For instance, a well developed back- 
head goes with well-developed shoulders and shoul- 
der-blades, indicating hardihood or toughness, 
firmness, health, and energy ; and also well de- 
veloped arms indicate combativeness, ambition, 
and, unless largely controlled by a well developed 
front brain, coarseness. The word Dorsal refers 
to the back, and is placed over those regions of 
the brain which influence the development of the 
back of the body in what is called the Dorsal 
region. This extends from the neck to about 
where the elbows touch when thrown downward 
and backward. Crural is a term applied to what 
belongs to the legs ; therefore Professor Buchanan 
marks that portion of the brain which has so much 
to do with muscular motion, Crural. 
Abdominal is placed over those organs which 
influence that portion of the front of the body be- 
low the waist. And here we reach some very in- 
teresting facts in Cerebral Physiology as pointed 
out by Professor Buchanan. I have already 130 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
alluded to some of them in speaking of the influence 
of certain organs of the brain over the portal ves- 
sels. To make them plain I will give a diagram 
of the human head mapped off somewhat more 
extensively than the one in the picture already 
given. 
Look at this one 
carefully, as it will be 
referred to again on 
page 203, where the 
pair of nerves called 
the Pneumogastric 
will be described. 
All who are interest- 
ed in the facts relat- 
ing to the peculiar 
influence ofthemind 
over the body, will 
observe much that is 
suggestive herein. 
The region marked Pulmonic is claimed to have 
special control over the lungs ; the organs in the 
region marked Cardiac control the heart's action ; 
Hepatic designates the locality of those organs 
a suggestive chart. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEV. 
131 
which presides over the liver ; Gastric, those which 
give attention to the stomach ; and Renal is placed 
over the region which is claimed to have con- 
trol of the kidneys. Morbid, in the region of 
the cheek-bone, is the place to look for the 
signs of an infirm constitution. Breadth of face 
between the cheek-bones, unless there is a large 
development of the head in the Brachial region, 
indicates a constitution easily affected by disease ; 
in other words, one that is susceptible to disease. 
If the face is narrow between the cheek-bones and 
the head high and broad in the Brachial region, this 
formation indicates a constitution which possesses 
great power to resist disease. Great breadth of 
neck below the jaws at the point marked Insane, 
indicates a tendency to insanity, if the brain is not 
sufficiently developed in the Brachial region to 
overcome that tendency. Depression in the latter 
region and great breadth in the former marks a 
constitution which is very liable, on the approach 
of trouble or illness, to lose its mental balance. 
All of these facts which Professor Buchanan brings 
evidence to sustain are of special value to the 
physician, and may be profitably studied by every - 132 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
body ; for there are not many who know the pecu- 
liarities of their own constitution. 
In magnetizing the head, the passes of agreeable 
hands from the region marked Morbid on the sides 
of the face, directly backward and upward to a 
point marked Healthful, for some moments, and the 
gentle movements of the palms of the hands up 
and down for a few moments more upon the Bra- 
chial region is very energizing. Rapid passes then 
made downward with the ends of the fingers over 
the Dorsal and Crural regions as marked upon the 
head, help very much the other passes in relieving 
headache. A little book entitled "Babbitt's 
Health Guide," gives some very valuable sugges- 
tions in regard to magnetic manipulations, and the 
system of the author is based, in a measure, upon 
the science of Sarcognomy as taught by Professor 
Buchanan. 
It was my design at the outset to call the atten- 
tion of the reader to all the points marked in the 
picture entitled "Outlines of Sarcognomy," but I 
fear I am wearying your patience. We have, how- 
ever, been simply going over the ground that 
Sammy and the Doctor have been investigating THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
133 
even more thoroughly than we have, every mo- 
ment of their leisure to-day. The young lecturer 
has been as busy in making ready for the parts he 
is to take at the masked party this evening as if he 
had been preparing for some grand occasion at the 
THE SURGICAL FARCE. 
Academy of Music. He has just been teaching 
Sponsie Number 2 to be the subject of a surgical 
operation. Immediately after the latter is shot by 
Sponsie Number I, he falls, and, drawing up one of 
his own legs convulsively into his pantaloons, he 134 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
pushes down through a hole in his pocket, con- 
tracted by a rubber ring, a black sheep's leg with 
much the same convulsive effort as if the same 
wounded leg had again descended that was drawn 
up but a moment before. The borrowed leg has 
been made to look as if it had been shot through 
at the ankle-joint. If you had looked into Sam- 
my's room about an hour ago, you would have 
seen him bending over the terribly wounded mon- 
key in the act of amputating the foot at the ankle- 
Our young lecturer has provided himself with a 
plenty of sheep's legs, obtained from the butcher, 
with which to rehearse and then to carry out the 
farce at the party. This last operation has been a 
perfect success in every respect, Sponsie Number 
2 having performed his part bravely. It really 
looked as if Sammy was taking off one of the 
monkey's feet, so dexterously did the little soldier 
drawn up his own leg and put out the borrowed 
one. It is to be hoped that some of the nervous 
and excessively sensitive ones may not be so de- 
ceived as to turn deathly white and go off in a 
swoon when this trick is enacted. If any of them THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
135 
are broad in the face between the regions marked 
Sensibility on the chart, they had better leave 
the room. We will see. Good-by till nine 
o'clock. CHAPTER VH. 
NINE O'CLOCK-A CARRIAGE CALLS FOR SAMMY 
-THE REMARKS OF HIS CLASS-HIS ARRIVAL 
AT THE MASKED PARTY-WHY THE MASKED 
YOUNG PEOPLE COULD NOT CLEARLY HEAR 
THE MUSIC-SOMETHING ABOUT EARS AND 
EYES-LIVELY TIMES AND LOTS OF SPORT. 
NE-E, two-o-o, three- 
e-e, four-r-r, five-ve, 
six-z-z, seven-n-n, eight 
-t, nine-n-ne, mcasur- 
edly rolls out in atmos- 
pheric waves from the 
tall tower of the church 
on Madison Square. 
Soon our little lecturer 
will return from his 
class in Twenty-seventh 
Street. One important 
matter has escaped his 
attention. He has made no arrangements for the 
transportation of his zoological show from the THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
137 
house of his preceptor to the mansion of the Bid- 
dlewickers on Madison Avenue. If he should 
start out in mask with his disorderly privates, 
thinking to reach the scene of his evening's adven- 
tures by stage or horse-car, he might find himself 
and his grotesque companions in the " lock-up," 
where Sponsie Number I has already had some 
personal experience on at least two former occa- 
sions. Or, if such an odd-looking group should 
attempt to go up the avenue on foot, it would 
frighten timid people into dodging under front 
steps and seeking refuge in strange basements. 
But while I am musing in this way, a close 
carriage rolls up to the door and both Sammy and 
his preceptor jump out. Ah ! the Doctor did not 
forget this indispensable provision. At precisely 
nine o'clock, the same carriage drew up with the 
stirring crack of the driver's whip, in front of the 
Johnson Dispensary, so that at the moment the 
young lecturer concluded his exercises, he found 
his thoughtful friend awaiting his appearance. As 
the throng of colored people passed out of 
Sammy's house, there was not a little curiosity 
manifested by nearly all of them to know whose 138 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
carriage that was and why it was standing there. 
Their perplexity was dispelled when they heard 
the Doctor throw open the carriage door and call 
to the young lecturer as he emerged from the 
house somewhat behind the rest. 
This little incident drew forth many flattering 
comments from those who stopped to see what 
was going on; some of them attributing it to the 
fact that Sammy was rapidly rising in the world, 
and giving him the entire credit for his remarkable 
progress; while others bestowed their eulogies 
upon the Doctor, to whom they seemed to think 
Sammy was wholly indebted for the enviable po- 
sition which he had so speedily attained. Some 
expressed themselves as wishing they were as 
smart as Sammy, and others, young Diggles 
among them, who, regarding themselves naturally 
just as bright, wished they could only have 
Sammy's chance. 
Our young lecturer, on reaching his room, soon 
stowed away the external indications of his sarcog- 
nomy in a captain's uniform ; and by the help of 
Bridget the monkeys were speedily dressed and 
masked, for Sammy had provided some odd- THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
139 
looking paper faces to conceal their sad physiog- 
nomies. I will give you a picture as they all 
looked descending the steps to take the carriage. 
The bundle in Sammy's right hand is the costume 
he will put on when he takes the character of a vil- 
STARTING FOR THE PARTY. 
lage doctor. Reaching the Biddiewicker's, Minnie, 
who is standing in the parlor door, as yet un- 
masked, extending her hospitable hand to some 
new-comers, is absolutely startled with fright as 
well as surprise as Sammy and his party are ad- 140 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
mitted by the servant, and go bounding rather 
than walking or running upstairs to the dressing- 
room, whither they had been directed by the 
polite usher. 
"What odd-looking folks!" she exclaimed in 
an undertone to her mother. " Did you see 
them?" (Minnie, of course, does not know that 
two of the group are real live monkeys. Nor did 
Sammy realize that in springing upstairs with his 
mischievous companions he involuntarily assumed 
their gait.) 
" They were strange-looking people," replied 
Mrs. Biddlewickcr, pinching her lips in her efforts 
to restrain her merriment. Then suddenly turning 
from her daughter to Mrs. Millstone, who was 
sitting not far off, she whispered: 
" They've come ! They've come ! " 
By this time, now about ten o'clock, the parlors 
had become nearly filled with young people in 
every imaginable costume, and disguised with 
masks of every conceivable pattern ; many of them 
very comical. But possibly through fear of de- 
tection by the sounds of their voices if they should 
speak, or because they were too timid to say THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
141 
anything, the place had been nearly as quiet as a 
Quaker-meeting, excepting nowand then a rustling 
of dresses caused by the movement of the feet, or 
the bowing of heads, as additional ones, singly or 
in couples, entered the room, or again as some 
timid fingers would touch 
the keys of the piano. 
Mrs. Biddlewicker now 
thought it quite time that 
everybody was on the 
move, and to give more 
animation to the strange- 
looking people sitting 
around in such silence, 
she put a professional 
player at the piano, and 
by his side a harpist, vio- 
linist, and an expert on 
the cornet. Had the 
young people been unmasked they could hardly have 
resisted the expected effect. But their ears were 
nearly or quite covered by the paper-masks, which 
prevented the stirring stimulus from reaching with 
full force the three thousand nerve filaments with 
THE musicians. 142 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
which each auditory nerve is provided for gather- 
ing up sounds and carrying them to the brain. 
Even if orifices had been made through the masks 
opposite the open places in the ears, the hearing 
would not have been perfect, for all the little 
curves and ridges in the outer ear assist us in 
hearing. They present surfaces in nearly every 
direction for gathering up sounds and conveying 
them to the filaments of the auditory nerve. The 
musical instruments did their part, and set in 
motion by the vibrations of strings and the breath- 
currents through the cornet, such waves of air as 
could not have failed to reach the harps which 
the nerves have formed by their numerous fibres 
in the inner cavity of the ear, if the peculiar 
instruments which Nature has provided for gather- 
ing up those atmospheric waves had not in this 
instance been covered up. The fingers of the 
pianist bounded over the key-board ; the harpist 
moved his head as well as his hands as his nimble 
fingers leaped from string to string ; the right 
elbow of the violinist jumped rapidly about under 
the nerve impulses sent from his brain as his 
bow danced merrily forward and backward across THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
143 
his violin; the checks of the cornet-player swelled 
out like the sides of a big red apple, as he filled his 
instrument with air waves which passed through it 
with force enough to reach every unobstructed ear 
in the room. 
'In spite of all this, each one sat looking and 
bowing at the other without leaving a chair or ut- 
tering a clearly audible word, till Sammy and the 
two Sponsies entered. This event was like 
uncorking a bottle of lightning, if it were possible 
to bottle the subtle fluid and set it free by cutting 
the strings which held down the stopple. The 
Sponsies were not timid, nor were they fearful 
of being detected. They were in for fun wher- 
ever it could be found, or for mischief, if more 
innocent amusement was not attainable. They 
bounded through the parlors as if every one of 
the three thousand nerve filaments of their ears 
terminated in their feet and toes. Every atmos- 
pheric wave from the musical instruments filled their 
ears and moved every nerve and muscle of their 
agile bodies. 
First they went leap-frog across the floor 
through the front to the back parlor and back 144 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
again ; a trick that Sammy had taught them at 
the very last moment. This brought every one 
THE DEBUT OF SAMMY AND THE TWO SPONSIES. 
to his and her feet, and set in motion from every 
individual mouth waves of air which reached the 
car in the form of what we call laughter. In THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
145 
the midst of the latter Sammy issued at the 
height of his voice his military commands. He 
could hardly make himself heard above the up- 
roar, nor would it have been possible forTiim to 
have done so, had Nature been less lavish in sup- 
plying the ear with nerve filaments with which to 
gather up sounds. But, as Professor Raymond 
has said, " every shadow of tone has its correspond- 
ing note in the ear, and becomes in our mind a 
sound." Hence in spite of the music of the four 
instruments and the hilarity of nearly a hundred 
young people who were convulsed with laughter, 
or, in scientific terms, in the midst of the greatest 
mixture of air waves falling upon the ear from all 
possible directions, the words of command were 
heard, and the monkeys gave up their disorderly 
frisking for more orderly exercise. As the two 
Sponsies were going through their military drill, 
the greatest curiosity was manifested by all present 
to know what they really were. 
"Are they real monkeys, do you suppose?" 
was overheard from the lips of one. 
" I think they are small boys disguised as mon- 
keys," is the reply of another. 146 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
" That one that has charge of them is a bright 
young fellow," said a young lady of about sixteen 
disguised in the costume of a peasant-girl. 
On reaching the farce of the sham fight many 
are frightened by the sharp successive cracks of 
the miniature muskets, and when they see that one 
has fallen, several voices cry out in confusion : 
" It's a shame ! " "Oh! it's a shame!" "One 
of these little creatures is shot, is shot sure ! " 
"They are monkeys-see their feet!" "He is 
shot in his paw ! " " Oh, it is too bad, it is too 
bad," and many other such exclamations fall 
excitedly from the lips of those who gather around 
the prostrate soldier, who is quivering as if 
in pain, and extending his wounded borrowed 
leg. 
Sammy had disappeared meanwhile for a 
moment to change his mask and costume. But 
before the company had finished their ejaculations 
of sympathy and dissatisfaction, our young lec- 
turer reappeared, dressed as a village physician, 
with gold spectacles on his nose and a case of sur- 
gical instruments in his hand. 
A table was quickly brought in by a servant THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
147 
who had been directed by Mrs. Millstone, and the 
wounded soldier was stretched upon it. 
" Why, he's going to cut his leg off! " " Oh ! 
don't do that ! " " Oh, that is awful ! " "I wish 
I hadn't come !" " Oh, dear ! oh dear ! "-These 
and all sorts of denunciatory and despairing excla- 
mations issued with deep-drawn sighs from the 
group of bystanders, and some of them were on 
the point of seizing Sammy's hands as he pro- 
ceeded coolly to amputate the foot. 
I cannot tell you the consternation which was 
depicted in the pathognomy of each one who wit- 
nessed this seemingly cruel operation. Professor 
Buchanan tells us that every emotion of the mind 
is accompanied with a certain posture of the body 
peculiar to that emotion. If one is suffering from 
grief, the head and other portions of the body 
assume an attitude in perfect keeping with this feel- 
ing. There is an attitude of pleasure ; of horror ; 
of disgust; of defiance ; of affection, etc., and the 
science which treats of these emotions of the mind 
with their corresponding postures he has named 
pathognomy, although the same.word is employed 
by the medical profession for some other purposes. 148 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
As a matter of course I cannot tell you what ex- 
pressions the faces of the young people really bore, 
for these were masked. Their physiognomical 
indications were hidden from view, but their pa- 
thognomical signs depicted sympathy, fear, horror, 
and denunciation. A few gave the pathognomic 
signs of pleasure and satisfaction. They instinc- 
tively saw through the whole of it, for their per- 
ceptive organs were prominent, and in whispers 
they pronounced the verdict that nothing was ever 
more cleverly done. 
After the removal of the foot, Sponsie Number 
2 drew back the sheep's leg so that it was held by 
the rubber-ring in the open end of his pocket. 
Then seizing a crutch which had been provided 
for him, he started off upon it as if the operation 
had been performed ten years rather than ten 
seconds before. 
Here the drama was defective ; it betrayed the 
farcical nature of the tragedy to the wiser ones, 
who at once broke into uproarious laughter. 
" But he certainly cut the foot off! " said one; 
" I was right close by him and saw him do it," 
urged another ; "I saw the blood run and the leg THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
149 
quiver as the knife was used! " exclaimed the 
third ; " I saw the foot after it was removed," 
confidently affirmed the fourth, with eyes almost 
protruding with surprise through two large holes 
in the mask in front of the visual organs, as the 
eyes are called. 
But the eye will be deceived sometimes, notwith- 
standing the fact that the large nerve passing out 
from the back of it to communicate to the brain 
what is passing before it is provided with not less 
THOSE WHO KNEW THE FOOT WAS CUT OFF ! 150 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
than one hundred thousand nerve fibres with 
which to catch glimpses of surrounding objects. 
The masks may have furnished some obstructions, 
but even with good, unfettered eyes a person may 
sometimes be deceived. 
Nevertheless, be it said, the eye is a marvel of 
perfection. Let us stop here for one moment to 
examine it; the white of your eye is called the 
sclerotic. It envelops all of the organ, excepting a 
small place in front and an aperture large enough 
in the back for the optic nerve to pass through. 
The circular spot in front, which in some persons 
is blue, in others gray, and in many all shades of 
color from brown to black, is called the iris, and 
this is protected externally by a tough, transparent 
membrane, clear as glass, called the cornea. In 
the centre of the iris is the pupil, which is under 
the control of the latter. In other words, the iris 
with its little fibres can open or close the pupil just 
as you open and close your mouth. If the room 
be very light the iris will contract the pupil to pre- 
vent the admission of too much light into the inner 
portion of the eye. When you first enter a light 
room from a dark apartment you are dazzled by THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
151 
the excessive light till the iris has time to adjust 
this little circular window by making it smaller. 
If you go from an illuminated room to one which 
has but little light you can see nothing till the iris 
enlarges the window, or pupil, as it is called. The 
image of an object passes through first the 
cornea, then the aqueous lens (a lens of water) im- 
mediately behind it, then through the crystalline 
lens, which is composed of a clear, tough substance, 
and finally through the vitreous body, which is a 
jelly-like, transparent fluid, filling the inside of the 
eye ; here at last the image falls upon the nerves 
of the eye. Between this vitreous body and a 
dark lining of the sclerotic, called the choroid, the 
optic nerve expands, presenting a surface called 
the retina. Upon this surface, as has been re- 
marked, the image finally falls, and is by it com- 
municated through the optic nerve to the seat of in- 
telligence-the brain. Microscopists say that the 
inner lining of the retina is composed of rods set 
closely together like so many stakes driven into 
its bed one against the other, and these very likely 
are the terminal points of the hundred thousand 
distinct fibres with which the optic nerve is said to 152 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
be provided for the purpose of gathering up the 
images of various objects, just as the three thou- 
sand filaments of the auditory nerve are placed in 
the inner part of the ear to gather up all varieties of 
sounds. Very wonderful ! you will all exclaim. 
Yes, and what is most wonder- 
ful of all, is just how, after all, 
we become conscious of these 
sights and sounds after they 
have been duly communicated 
through these peculiar nerves 
to the brain. 
But I will not dwell too long 
upon this incidental and not al- 
together relevant matter. Be- 
fore leaving it, however, allow 
me to caution you against spoil- 
ing your eyes by carelessly rub- 
bing them. You know when you look at the sun, 
or when your eyes have either a sensation of itching 
or dullness, you are apt to carelessly poke the fin- 
ger or knuckle into your eye, and rub it. Now 
this practice flattens the cornea, or face of the eye, 
and when, after years of such habit, the cornea be- 
MICROSCOPIC VIEW 
OF THE RODS. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
153 
comes considerably flattened, you will have to 
wear what are called convex spectacles. Nearly 
every man and woman before reaching the age of 
fifty years, and many before forty, find themselves 
compelled to adopt glasses. They say that age 
has impaired their sight. But I will tell you 
something they do not know: age does not do it; 
at least it does not in many cases. All, or nearly 
all of them, during the forty or fifty years they 
have lived, have been in the habit of carelessly 
rubbing their eyes when those organs have felt 
uncomfortable from any cause; this mechanical 
pressure on the face of the eye has gradually les- 
sened its fullness, and they have been simply com- 
pelled to adopt glasses of sufficient convexity to 
make up for this loss of fullness. John Quincy 
Adams knew better than to injure his eyes by 
careless manipulation, and the result was that he 
never had to wear glasses, notwithstanding the 
fact that he lived to the good age of eighty-one 
years. When your eyes are tired or feel badly 
from any cause, do as this great man did : carefully 
make passes with the thumb and finger from the 
outer edges of the eyes towards the bridge of the 154 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
nose. This practice tends to promote fullness of 
the cornea. 
We will return to the lively scenes which are 
being enacted at the parlors of Mrs. Biddlewicker. 
All the young people 
would carelessly rub 
their puzzled eyes, if 
their masks would only 
allow them to do so, 
to find out if possible 
whether or not Sponsie 
Number 2 has really 
lost a foot. He is danc- 
ing in a quadrille with 
a little miss of about 
twelve years ; pretty or 
not, being masked, it is 
difficult to state. Sar- 
cognomy does not help 
us out here, because the younger as well as the older 
ones use a great many things to give fullness of 
figure and perfection of form to the vision when 
these proportions do not actually exist. Here, too, 
the hundred thousand nerve-fibres of the optic 
SPONSIE NUMBER 2 AND HIS 
PARTNER. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
155 
nerve fail to detect the deception. The little girl 
is completely masked, for her phrenology is thor- 
oughly disguised by her head-dress ; her physiog- 
nomy by her mask, and her sarcognomy by 
any quantity of silk and 
velvet. Nor can she tell 
with certainty whether 
she is dancing with a small 
boy or a monkey, or 
whether or not said 
small boy or monkey has 
lost a part of one of his 
limbs, for he sticks to his 
crutch as if he could 
not go through the steps 
without it. Each one in 
the set keeps his and her 
eyes on the little fellow, 
biting their lips when they 
suppose the small boy is doing some improper 
thing, and laughing heartily when he performs 
some trick which leads them to think that he must 
certainly belong to the monkey family. 
Sponsie Number i has for a partner a fat lady 
SPONSIE NUMBER I AND HIS 
PARTNER. 156 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
who would contest the balance with a two-hundred- 
pound weight. He seems to think, however, that 
those pounds count something towards weight of 
character, for he struts about as if he were a 
French dancing-master 
leading his huge pupil 
through the intricate 
mazes of the dance. 
Perhaps he is priding 
himself upon his mili- 
tary rather than his 
civic achievements, for 
since he has acquired 
the bravery to shoot 
off a real gun, he has 
exhibited a great deal 
of importance. Es- 
pecially has this feel- 
ing been manifested 
since he has shot his man. If he be priding him- 
self upon this deed of blood, we can better forgive 
him than we could if he were a man instead of a 
monkey. No person who has developed his facul- 
ties and powers to that degree which entitles him 
THE PEASANT GIRL. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
157 
to be called a Man-" the noblest work of God " 
-will ever take pride in inflicting a wound, mental 
or physical, upon his fellow man. If occasion 
compels him, his pathognomonic signs will be 
those of humility and 
sorrow. 
" Where is Sam- 
my ? " doubtless all my 
young readers wrould 
give a big orange to 
know. 
He is having a good 
time with the young 
miss in the Peasant's 
dress. Four or five 
others have contested 
her efforts to monopo- 
lize the young doctor, 
and one, taking the 
character of an Indian girl, has occasionally suc- 
ceeded in getting Sammy away from her. Just 
now the little Peasant is leaning very' affectionately 
against his athletic shoulder, engaged in close con- 
versation as the "sides " are taking their turn in the 
THE INDIAN GIRL> 158 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
quadrille. Her dress is such that Sammy gets a 
better glimpse of her sarcognomy than he can of 
that of most of the others, and with his knowledge 
of the science, he feels confident that his partner 
has regular and attractive features behind the mask 
which hides them from view. He is also pretty well 
satisfied that the Indian girl is worth having, for her 
sarcognomy is not so hidden by dress as to be 
altogether incomprehensible. It is unquestionably 
Sammy's knowledge of this science which has led 
him to b£ more attracted to these two young 
ladies than to any others of the many present ar- 
rayed in more gorgeous costumes. 
Having found out who these two favorites are, 
I will intrust my readers with the secret. The 
Peasant girl is the daughter of Mr. Barkenstir, the 
wealthy cotton-broker who lives in Fifth Avenue. 
Her name is Julia, and Sammy is quite right 
in supposing that she is a magnificent-looking 
young lady. The Indian girl is the niece and 
adopted daughter of old Mrs. Beckendecker, a rel- 
ict of one of the old Knickerbocker families resid- 
ing on Lexington Avenue. The nose of this young 
lady is quite too prominent to harmonize well THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
159 
with her other features, but she is really a hand- 
some brunette, bearing the rare name of Marvellie, 
while her more successful rival is a sweet-looking 
blonde. / 
While I have been telling you all this the qua- 
drille has been concluded, and the young people 
have repaired to their dressing-rooms to fix up a 
little, and give time to arrange the parlors for the 
lecture. With your leave your reporter will go 
out and take an airing while these preparations are 
being made, and then he will give you all further 
particulars of the Biddlewicker party in another 
chapter. CHAPTER VIII. 
THE LECTURE-SAMMY'S ADMIRERS SECURE THE 
FRONT SEATS-THE WAY IN WHICH WE HEAR, 
ETC.-THE CONTEST BETWEEN THE PEASANT 
GIRL AND INDIAN GIRL FOR SAMMY-THE 
LATTER WINS-AND DESERTS HIM WHEN SHE 
FINDS HE IS BLACK-THE GRACIOUS ACT OF 
THE PEASANT GIRL-THE TRIUMPH OF SAM- 
MY'S NOBILITY OF MIND. 
CASUAL peep through 
the lace curtains, which 
the ingenious absurd- 
ity of concealing everything 
'by daylight and of reveal- 
ing everything by gaslight, 
presents to our visual 
organs the evidence that 
the young people are all 
seated, and are either lis- 
tening to, or waiting for, 
the young lecturer. We 
will therefore re-enter the 
parlors of the Biddiewickers. Be quiet! Sammy THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
161 
is speaking. We must step lightly or the sound- 
waves from the friction of our sole-leather will fall 
upon the ear-drums of the listeners in a way to 
make them conscious of the fact that what are 
called squeaking boots are in motion. Of course 
no sound in fact proceeds from such boots, they 
simply set in motion curious waves of air which 
report themselves to our auditory nerve in a way 
which in our language we have named squeaking. 
Every language doubtless has its distinctive name 
for the sound produced in the human ear by the 
friction of two or three layers of dry sole-leather 
when pressed and bent by our feet in the act of 
walking. 
Sammy is standing upon a dry-goods box over 
which an old piano-cover has been thrown. He 
retains the mask and costume of a village doctor. 
But who are those immediately before him ? 
In the very first row of seats the young ladies 
who have pursued our young lecturer the whole 
evening have enthusiastically gathered. Right 
face to face with him in this row is the Peasant 
girl. She is generally successful in getting the 
start of the Indian girl, who is just now seated 162 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
immediately on her left. On her right is one of 
the lecturer's ardent admirers in the costume of a 
nun. When Sammy gets off something espe- 
cially good they clap their hands and vie with 
each other in manifesting appreciation. The 
SAMMY'S FRONT SEAT ADMIRERS. 
whole front row, indeed, do this ; for while only 
four or five in the earlier part of the evening 
sought the young man's attention, more than 
double that number now enjoy nothing that is 
not illuminated with his black eyes glistening 163 
THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
behind his mask, and enlivened with his musical 
voice. Every one of them is an infatuated adorer, 
and they all feel certain in their own minds that 
one who is so manly in form and action, and so 
mentally gifted, as this young man seems to be, 
must conceal still other attractions behind the ex- 
pressionless mask which hides his natural features. 
I am informed by a gentleman at my elbow 
that the young man has been speaking for over 
forty minutes and that I have lost a great deal 
by my absence. Sorry for that. It seems that 
Sammy has rapidly run over the sciences of 
Phrenology, Physiognomy, Sarcognomy, and 
Pathognomy, and illustrated his lecture with 
several interesting charts, probably the same ones 
I have shown my readers in a former chapter. 
My informant remarks that "if the young man 
has not received very much assistance in the 
preparation of his lecture, he is a remarkable fel- 
low and will be sure to make his mark in the 
world. His voice," he adds, " betrays his youth." 
As I entered he was explaining something of 
the mechanism of the eye. Just now he is speak- 
ing of the ear. Let us open our ears and listen. 164 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
" While I am speaking," says the young lec- 
turer, " the air which I expel from my vocal or- 
gans sets in corresponding motion the atmosphere 
between each of you and myself. These waves 
of air are gathered by the outer ear and carried 
quivering with motion, given them by my tongue 
and lips, to your ear-drum. Then this membrane, 
which extends across the orifice of the ear to 
modify the harshness of the waves when they are 
propelled with too much force, communicates the 
same motions to a chain of bones which is 
stretched across the middle ear, a cavity of the 
size and form of a kidney bean. This cavity is 
ingeniously supplied with air by two tubes called 
the Eustachian, which connect it with the passage 
to the throat, and the air occupying this cavity 
moves in accord with the impulse which the chain 
of bones has received. These waves, thus modified 
and prepared for their further journey, move on- 
ward through irregular cavities and circuitous 
canals to what is called the inner ear, where they 
agitate just such fibres belonging to the auditory 
nerve as are adapted to receive them. Some of 
these fibres are moved by one kind of a wave, THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
165 
and others by still those of another kind, so that 
waves of air of a different character may enter 
the ear at one time and communicate through 
their appropiate nerve-fibres the motion peculiar 
to each, and it is in this way that we are made con- 
scious of a variety of sounds at one and the same 
time. The three thousand nerve-filaments of the 
auditory nerve are called after the anatomist who 
discovered them the fibres of Corti. These, as 
remarked by Le Pileur, "give four hundred sen- 
sitive cords to each octave, of which the interval 
or space is one sixty-sixth of a note. It is," 
remarks this writer, "easy to understand from 
this how a cultivated ear can appreciate the 
slightest difference in sounds, just as the eye per- 
ceives the least difference in the degrees of light." 
(Applause from the audience, and especially from 
the ladies in the front seat.) 
" It is further true," remarked the speaker, " that 
these auditory fibres can be so cultivated as to be 
thrilled by the psychic faculty, or soul, within, as 
well as by mechanical waves from without. That 
is, if anything serious happens to the outer parts 
of a well-cultivated ear, so that the waves from ex- 166 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
ternal sources are not communicated to the fibres 
of Corti, then impulses, not waves of air, may be 
sent through the auditory nerve from the psychic 
faculty or soul to agitate these fibres so that they 
will convey to the mind imaginary sounds of per- 
fect accuracy. This bit of philosophy will account 
for the remarkable facts related of Beethoven by 
Le Pileur, who tells us that this celebrated com- 
poser became deaf at forty, notwithstanding which 
infirmity he composed all those immortal works 
which for himself were never performed except in 
his mind." 
This extraordinary passage from the lips of our 
young lecturer brought a perfect storm of applause 
from the hundred odd-looking masked people who 
thronged the parlors. 
One in particular ascended a chair and enthusi- 
astically waved his handkerchief. This was Doctor 
Hubbs. Don't you tell. He came in just before 
the lecture commenced, and is disguised in the 
costume of the " Heathen Chinee." There is 
nothing unfair in his taking this course, inasmuch 
as everybody else is masked, and masked parties 
are expected to be composed of at least some of THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
167 
our best friends in disguise. Sammy's way for 
accounting for the strange facts related of Bee- 
thoven took him by surprise. It was philosoph- 
ical and without doubt original. The Doctor is 
therefore perfectly en- 
raptured with his pupil, 
and he only hopes that 
all can appreciate this 
lecture as he himself is 
doing; for whatever 
preparation he gives 
Sammy for any occasion 
is exceeded in its re- 
sults by the boy's own 
inspiration. 
"This fact," resumed 
the young lecturer, after 
the applause had in a 
great measure subsided, 
" brings us to the ques- 
tion-Can a nerve-fibre leading out to any part 
of the body from the brain be acted upon at 
either end in such a manner as to physically 
influence the extremity opposite the one to which 
DR. HUBBS AS A HEATHEN 
CHINEE. 168 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
the stimulus is applied ? If it cannot, then sar- 
cognomy cannot be reliable. If it cannot, then 
the advice of Brown-Sequard, that if we want 
to develop and render more active the right side 
of the brain, we must exercise the left side of the 
body, is useless. But this authority tells us that by 
exercising the left side of the body, which is in di- 
rect nervous communication with the right side of 
the brain, the latter will be supplied more bounti- 
fully with blood, and in consequence of this greater 
nutrition will become more active and useful. Then 
it must be equally true that if Professor Buchanan 
has rightly located the ends of the nerve-fibres 
which proceed from the various groups of phreno- 
logical organs in the brain to certain described 
portions of the body, the exercise of these bodily 
parts where such nerves do terminate must give 
impulse to the circulation of the blood in those 
mental organs with which they communicate; 
hence, greater development and greater activity to 
them." 
This was the unfolding of another new idea, as it 
fell in communicative waves upon the Doctor's 
ear, for although he had not found leisure to read THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
169 
Professor Buchanan's Anthropology through, he 
believed that this application of the law laid down 
by Brown-Sequard was original in Sammy's brain. 
Of course the parlors were filled with the mixed 
and tumultuous waves of 
air, which communicated 
to the conscious sense of 
every one present the 
sound of wild applause, 
when the young lecturer 
gave utterance to this 
self-evident statement. 
"Hence," resumed 
Sammy, " while you are 
exercising your arms 
and limbs to-night, you 
are giving to your brains 
greater possibilities, or 
in other words, you are 
sending them the material for additional con- 
volutions and nerve-tracks; and while you are 
exercising your social and intellectual faculties 
you are developing your thoracic region ; for 
when you thrill the brain-ends of your social 
THE LITTLE NUN. 170 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
and intellectual nerves, the body ends are agitated 
thereby and the circulation of blood in the tissues 
about them is rendered more active. Then, ac- 
cording to the laws of muscular development, this 
additional circulation must impart growth." 
During a perfect storm of applause the young 
lecturer thanked the audience for their attention 
and appreciation, and stepped grandly from the 
platform. In an instant he was surrounded, not 
only by his front-seat admirers, but by gentlemen 
and ladies from other portions of the room, who 
pressed forward to thank him for the lecture in 
which he had succeeded in making difficult subjects 
wonderfully clear. There was a general inquiry 
of " Who is he ? " and an almost audible whisper 
going around to the effect that-" he is a brilliant 
young fellow, whoever he is ! " 
Immediately after the lecture, refreshments were 
announced, and it had been arranged that at a 
given signal at the tables the masks should come 
off. There was almost a rude elbowing among 
Sammy's front-scat admirers to place themselves 
where it would be convenient for the young lecturer 
to ask one of them to take his arm. Each tried to THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
171 
get in front of the other. Roman physiognomy, 
like Roman valor of old, triumphed over Grecian 
beauty, and the young lady in the costume of the 
Indian girl marched off proudly with the one who 
had been the centre of attraction throughout the 
evening. The poor Peasant girl after this declined 
to take anybody's arm. Several gentlemen of cul- 
tivated manners offered her an escort, but to each 
one she gave, in something of a petulant tone, 
which she tried hard to conceal, a " Thank you," 
accompanied with the remark that she was not 
feeling quite well, and did not care to tempt her- 
self with the good things which Mrs. Biddlewicker 
had doubtless provided. So she sat demurely in 
the corner, and fanned herself, after all had gone, 
and she threw back her mask to obtain the full 
benefit of the air, to which she was communicat- 
ing her own agitation by the pretty instrument of 
sandal-wood which she was nervously moving. 
Much against Sammy's wishes, Roman physiog- 
nomy again conquered on reaching the refreshment 
room, for she secured two of the most conspicuous 
seats at the extreme end of the table, where she 
chatted rapidly, and so waved her huge fan, as to THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
172 
carry the artificial breezes under her escort's as 
well as under her own mask. Each of the Spon- 
sies had a partner, and while the latter believed 
their escorts were real live monkeys, they did not 
know but that the sur- 
prises of a masked party 
might reveal them as 
two small boys in mon- 
key's disguise. Those of 
Sammy's most enthusi- 
astic admirers who came 
to the table,-and none 
stayed away but Julia 
Barkenstir,-managed to 
get as near the young 
lecturer and his lucky 
companion as they could, 
trusting that they might 
share with the latter 
some of the former's attentions. But in the ab- 
sence of these, there was a pleasure in being in 
his magnetic atmosphere. 
At the signal, which was the shrill chirp of an 
automatic bird nestling in the apex of a pyramidal 
MISS JULIA BARKENSTIR 
GRIEVING OVER HER DEFEAT. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
173 
bouquet which rose to the height of fully three feet 
from the centre of the table, the masks-all but one 
-were snatched from the faces of the young peo- 
ple by their own impatient hands. The rooms 
were clamorous with exclamations of surprise for 
some moments. " I thought you were Gertie!" 
" I thought you were Johnny Bentley!" "See 
there ! there is Delia Zermers ! " "You don't say 
that's you, Jed ! I thought you were in Balti- 
more ! " " But look at the knight: I supposed all 
the time that Ellery was the Highlander ! " And 
so the ejaculations of astonishment on finding out 
who each other were went the round of the table, 
loaded with good things, which extended through 
two large rooms with their folding-doors thrown 
open. Let us take a peep at Sammy's end of the 
table. He retains his mask, greatly to the surprise 
of the Indian girl, who now shows her naturally 
commanding brunette face, with somewhat of a 
Roman outline. She has stopped her gay chatter- 
ing and is seriously begging her partner to unmask, 
while all of the front-seat admirers of the young 
lecturer are looking on with impatient curiosity. 
The ladies with the Sponsies have found out 174 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
just what their partners are ; for, mohkey-like, the 
latter, in imitation of the rest, dashed their masks 
aside. But the ladies are greatly pleased with the 
little, sad, upturned faces as they nibble with 
characteristic activity some nuts to which they 
had helped themselves even before the masks had 
been removed. 
The importunities now became so general from 
all the ladies and from many of the gentlemen, that 
the one who had so greatly entertained the whole 
company for the entire evening should reveal him- 
self, that Mrs. Biddlewicker stepped behind his chair 
and advised him to unmask. She instinctively 
thought that when he had shown himself not only 
a gentleman but a scientist, and that too he had 
aroused in the young people all the conviviality 
they had exhibited, his color would give no 
offence. 
" Would you think as much of me as you now 
profess, if I am black ? " Sammy inquired in a 
roguish tone of his partner, who imagined from his 
manner that it was simply a question asked in 
jest. 
" Oh I if you are black, red, or yellow, if you THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
175 
have a cleft nose and a hare-lip, still will I cling to 
thee," she exclaimed with a merry laugh, throw- 
ing her bewitching black eyes upward and mov- 
ing her hands dramatically to her bosom for she 
was an impulsive girl. 
While this was being uttered, or rather just as the 
speaker had concluded, Mrs. Millstone playfully 
stepped behind Sammy and snatched away the 
mask ! I wish my pen could describe the expres- 
sion of surprise which took possession of every 
THE LECTURER UNMASKED 176 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
one, but especially of Marvellic Beckendecker. 
It is simply useless to try. But I must tell you of 
Marvellie : for a moment she shrugged her shoul- 
ders and drew partially away from her partner, 
staring at him with eyes glowing with indignation 
and surprise ! Then rudely, aye, cruelly, without 
one word of apology, she withdrew from the table, 
and with scornful look and gesture proceeded to. 
the dressing-room. As she passed upstairs, Julia 
Barkenstir noticed her, and feeling instinctively 
impressed from her manner that something had hap- 
pened, she stepped softly down to the door of the 
refreshment rooms, and peeping in unobserved, her 
eyes fell full upon the sable young lecturer, whose 
face was cast forward in an attitude of sorrow as if 
meditating upon the proper course to pursue. A 
momentary scowl of disappointment and surprise 
passed involuntarily over her pretty Grecian face; 
she saw at a glance the cause of Marvellie's indig- 
nation ; reflecting for a moment upon the relative 
value of intellect and true manliness as compared 
with color of skin and social position, and recalling 
the admiration which the young man had awakened 
in her mind while he was concealed behind a mask, THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
177 
she glided in, and with a gracious bow and sweet 
voice asked - 
" My dear sir, may I have the pleasure of occu- 
pying this vacant chair ? " 
If a fair-haired angel had descended, bearing 
from the blue ether of heaven the perfumed breath 
of fraternal love and the holy benediction of our 
benign Creator-the Great Common Father of the 
colored as well as of the white race-the effect could 
not have been more grateful to Sammy's wounded 
heart, or more electrical to those who remained. 
Nearly all of the front-seat admirers of the young 
lecturer had vacated their places as well as those 
who were the willing companions of the monkeys. 
The latter seemed to regard the monkey as a 
more desirable associate than an educated colored 
youth. To such strange freaks do our prejudices 
lead us ! 
The young lady who had been disguised as a 
nun ached to take the step that Julia Barkenstir 
had done, but her courage failed her every time 
she attempted to rise from her seat. She could 
have gracefully excused herself to her escort, for 
he had with him another companion to whom he 178 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
had given his left arm previously to having offered 
her his right. She was, too, the daughter of Mr. 
Josiah Goodlove, who had been for a quarter of a 
century a well-known friend of the colored race. 
Her sympathies were burning for expression ; the 
revelation of the young man's color did not lessen 
her admiration for him ; but she lacked the moral 
courage to step forward under the keen gaze of 
the surprised and startled people, who were really 
hesitating between two courses of action : to leave 
the table, or lionize the smart young colored man. 
Either door seemed open to them. They could 
do as some of the rest had done, or they could 
make such a hero of the sable lecturer as would 
raise him in dignity to their assumed level and 
make his presence among them an honor rather 
than a disgrace. Feeling thus, it is strange that 
they hesitated for a moment. 
The brave and gracious act of Miss Barkenstir 
added the decisive weight to the humane side of 
the wavering scale, and carried the sympathies of 
all present with her. As she took her seat, and 
looked up with a dignified air of self-possession, 
her face beaming with satisfaction, she was greeted THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
179 
with the clapping of hands and the tapping of 
knives and spoons upon goblets and plates. 
It was Sammy's turn now. With that custom- 
ary sensitiveness and modesty which he had exhib- 
ited on so many former occasions, he felt keenly 
the embarrassment of his own position, and the no 
less awkward one of Mrs. Biddlewicker, who stood 
near by, appalled at the result of the little arrange- 
ment which she and Mrs. Millstone together had 
effected ; and he felt grieved rather than angered 
at the prejudice which had been exhibited toward 
him on account of his color. He arose from his 
seat, and in a calm, subdued voice related the cir- 
cumstances which had led him to participate in 
the festivities given Miss Minnie on the anniver- 
sary of her birthday ; and proceeded to say that, 
if there was one person at the table who would 
prefer to have him withdraw, he would most cor- 
dially do so. A pause followed, during which the 
rustling of a garment or the movement of a foot 
would have afforded relief. " I will then," re- 
sumed the young lecturer, " ask those of you who 
prefer that I should remain, to signify it in some 
manner." 180 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
Miss Barkenstir and Miss Goodlovc clapped 
their hands and exclaimed, " Stay I stay ! " And 
this word "stay" went around the table with an 
echo from every tongue, amidst another deafening 
round of applause. He 
feelingly thanked all 
present for their kind 
applause and words of 
welcome ; and turning 
gracefully to Miss Bar- 
kenstir, he feelingly said 
-" Whatever may be 
your prejudices, my 
heart goes out to you 
for your constancy ; and 
though you should never 
give me one word or 
look of recognition after 
this evening, I shall ever 
remember you with gratitude for your kind conde- 
scension in dropping down here by my side at a 
moment when every sensitive nerve in my body 
was being thrilled with emotions of mortification 
and despair." 
the young lawyer. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
181 
This neat little speech was followed by clapping 
of hands and glances of approbation directed to 
the heroic lady to whom the concluding words 
were addressed ; to all of which she responded 
with bows and smiles as melting and bewitching 
as they were magnetic. 
As soon as Sammy had taken his seat, a young 
lawyer who had accompanied Miss Minnie to the 
table, and learned from her mouth the history of 
the young lecturer, arose and offered resolutions as 
follows : 
' ' Resolved, That a vote of thanks be hereby ten- 
dered by the ladies and gentlemen present to Mas- 
ter Samuel Tubbs, for his generous and successful 
efforts for our amusement and entertainment this 
evening. 
" Resolved, That we recognize him as a man and 
a brother, notwithstanding the fact that his gen- 
erous heart and gifted brain are enveloped in a 
colored cuticle ; furthermore, we welcome him 
at this festive board as one worthy of our recogni- 
tion, regard, and encouragement." 
An older head might have been able to frame 
these resolutions more happily; but they were 182 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
written down hastily, on the spur of the provoca- 
tion, without a moment's thought. They were 
seconded by the little nun ; and Miss Barkenstir, 
rising from her chair in a most charming man- 
ner, called for the vote, when the resolutions 
were adopted unani- 
mously amidst a renew- 
al of the clapping of 
hands: all of which 
was gratefully acknowl- 
edged by Sammy, ris- 
ing and bowing. 
Miss Minnie was in 
the dressing-room all 
this time, trying to paci- 
fy the indignant ones 
who did not return to 
the refreshment-room. 
Nearly all of the disaf- 
fected young ladies and 
gentlemen went directly home. Dr. Hubbs, unfor- 
tunately for Sammy, left immediately on the con- 
clusion of the lecture; but Mrs. Biddlewicker and** 
Mrs. Millstone gave him their sympathy, and used 
MISS BARKENSTIR PUTTING 
THE QUESTION. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
183 
their personal influence with those of the disaf- 
fected who remained, to so good a purpose, that 
the latter took special pains to bestow their smiles 
and bows of recognition upon the sable youth. 
By the time the parlors were refilled, the festivi- 
ties of the young people were resumed as if 
nothing had happened to mar them. Those who 
had left were hardly missed. Miss Barkenstir felt 
herself well repaid for what at the outset seemed 
like a sacrifice of her personal pride ; for she was 
treated as a heroine for her generous act in filling 
the chair made so abruptly vacant by the proud 
Marvellie ; and she found herself in undisputed pos- 
session of the brightest young fellow in the room. 
In every respect, excepting color of skin, which 
came from the palette of the Great Artist, instead 
of the stain of crime, Sammy was all that her 
imagination had pictured him when his face was 
hidden by the mask. His features were intelligent 
and attractive, and his conversation instructive 
and captivating. " If," thought she, " everybody 
could appear thus noble when Jehovah tears the 
masks from the whole human family at the last 
day, no angel spirits would leave the sacramental 184 
THE BOY DOCTOR. 
table." For the remainder of the evening she 
clung to him with as much pride as she had done 
at the outset. And there were not a few who 
would gladly have been in her place ; for they saw 
and overheard enough to discover that Sammy 
was an interesting beau, if he was not a white 
one. 
The monkeys, after refreshments had been 
served, remained in the basement. They preferred 
to loiter among the nuts, oranges, and raisins. 
Nothing but the departure of their young master 
could have dragged them away from this charming 
spot. It was like being turned loose in their 
native haunts of tropical fruits. But at one o'clock 
there was a call for Master Samuel Tubbs. The 
Doctor had sent the carriage for him. So, calling 
his braves from the refreshment-room, he gath- 
ered up his things to depart. As he was leaving, 
no one was more cordially grasped by the hand 
and blessed with good wishes by all the young 
people, than the modest, intelligent and dignified 
young lecturer. CHAPTER IX. 
THE TALK ABOUT THE MASKED PARTY-MR. 
BARKENSTIR SPEAKS-SO DO MRS. BECKEN- 
DECKER AND MR. GOODLOVE-A LAUGHA- 
BLE ANECDOTE-THE CEREBRO-SPINAL SYS- 
TEM-THE PNEUMOGASTRIC NERVE-SPONSIE 
NUMBER 2 NEARLY PUTS OUT THE BLACK 
CAT'S EYE-THE MONKEYS TO BE BANISHED. 
HE remarkable episode 
related in my last chapter 
formed the exciting topic 
of conversation at the 
breakfast-tables of fifteen 
or twenty well-to-do up- 
town families the morn- 
•ing following the party 
at the Biddiewickers. 
Some could not see how 
Mrs. Biddlewickcr could 
possibly have been so 
short-sighted as to invite 
the young colored man. Others thought it a 186 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
capital joke from beginning to end, without taking 
into account the shadows in the picture caused by 
the wounded pride of the disaffected young peo- 
ple, and the wretched feelings of the innocent one 
whose presence had occasioned all the trouble. 
Still another class was bitter in its denunciations 
of those who made an open exhibition of their 
prejudices by leaving the table, and thereby plac- 
ing not only the hostess in an embarrassing situa- 
tion, but cruelly wounding the feelings of a sensi- 
tive and cultivated young man, simply because, in 
the Providence of God, he happened to have a 
black instead of a white skin. 
Among the first class was Mr. Barkenstir, who 
applauded his daughter for her heroism. Person- 
ally, his prejudices against the colored race were as 
diamond-pointed and cutting in their expression 
as were those of his most conservative neighbors ; 
but everything that his Julia did was in his estima- 
tion perfectly right, and he boasted of her mag- 
nanimity and courage to his co-partners and friends 
when he went to his counting-room the next 
morning. In his opinion, Mrs. Biddlewicker was 
a woman of singular indiscretion, who had placed 187 
THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
nearly a hundred young people in an unnecessarily 
awkward dilemma, from which the self-sacrificing 
and courageous spirit of his daughter had extri- 
cated them at a moment when the festivities of 
the evening were about to terminate summarily in 
an open revolt of all present. 
To the second class belonged many of the young 
friends of Marvellie Beckendecker, who told the 
joke to all of their acquaintances, and pressed 
their sweet-scented embroidered handkerchiefs to 
their lips as they nearly exploded with merry 
laughter. The old lady, the aunt of Marvellie, 
did not relish the joke so well ; and while she ap- 
proved of the conduct of her niece, she did not 
censure Mrs. Biddlewicker for having included the 
young man among her guests. She did not, 
indeed, trouble herself to analyze the causes of the 
disturbance, but simply passed favorable judg- 
ment upon the resolute manner in which Marvel- 
lie resented what she called the " presumption 
of the darkey; " and as she would bring out 
this last utterance, something of an asthmatic 
cough would come with it, showing that her 
sense of injury was not deeply felt, in view of 188 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
the wise course which her spirited niece pur- 
sued. 
Among the last-named class to which, to the 
credit of humanity, a majority of the critics be- 
longed, you may confidently expect to find old 
Mr. Goodlove and Doctor Hubbs. The former 
made it his first business to call upon the latter 
and make the acquaintance of the Doctor and his 
remarkable pupil. He greatly regretted that his 
own daughter did not make haste to take the part 
so bravely performed by Miss Julia. He also 
called upon Mr. Barkenstir, whom he had never 
had the pleasure of meeting, to congratulate him 
upon the sublime heroism of his daughter. But 
he was surprised to find himself surrounded by a 
winking and fun-making group of cotton-brokers, 
whose kindness of heart in applauding the act of 
Julia was more than balanced by bitter, outspoken 
prejudice to the African race, which they regarded 
as so vastly inferior to the Caucasian that it could 
never receive social recognition. " What," said 
one derisively, " is a darkey, any way, but a cross 
between the monkey and the cocoa-nut ? " In 
the argument which ensued no one of them cared THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
189 
to consider how the negro was treated in England 
or France; in this country they insisted that the 
existing prejudice would be eternal. 
Sammy had never before encountered any of it. 
He had been so much petted and smiled upon by 
MR. GOODLOVE AMONG THE COTTON-BROKERS. 
the patients and friends of Dr. Hubbs, that he sim- 
ply had a faint appreciation of it by what came to 
his cars through the traditions of his family. 
Between one and two o'clock Mrs. Biddlewicker, 
her daughter Minnie, Mrs. Millstone, old Mr. John- 190 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
son, the Doctor and Mrs. Hubbs, and Sammy- 
gathered together like a surprise party, without 
pre-arrangement, in the Doctor's office, and talked 
over the exciting affair. In the course of the con- 
versation old Mr. Johnson stated, " that not many 
months ago, the distinguished Mr. Frederick Doug- 
lass was refused a dinner in one of the large hotels 
in St. Louis, simply because he carried the evi- 
dences in his skin that his mother was a black 
woman. The fact that his father belonged to one 
of the first families of Virginia did not count for any- 
thing," said the old gentleman with a significant 
smile. He furthermore added that Mr. Douglass 
once remarked that the whites and blacks ought to 
get along well together, and that such fraternity 
could not be impossible when he had peaceably 
carried about with him the blood of the two races 
in his own person so many years. This bit of 
pleasantry had its due effect upon all the conversa- 
tionalists. 
Mrs. Biddlewicker related an anecdote of an oc- 
currence at Troy, which, she said, she read in the 
Philadelphia Press. " The Hampton colored stu- 
dents arrived at the Mansion House, whereupon THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
191 
the pretty white waiter-girls went in a body to 
the proprietor and declared they would not wait on 
the ' niggers.' The proprietor was a sensible man, 
and stated his troubles to his boarders with a very 
satisfactory result. The ladies and gentlemen at 
once volunteered to act as cooks and waiters * pro 
tem.,' and the supper was prepared and the table 
waited upon. The colored strangers, however, when 
they seated themselves, discovered the situation, 
and asked that some of their own number be al- 
lowed to attend to the table, and that the ladies 
and gentlemen sit down. This was refused, and 
the meal went on, the ladies and gentlemen acting 
as servants, while the Hampton students were 
much embarrassed but very grateful." 
Dr. Hubbs followed by saying that " the utter 
disregard of the feelings of educated people so often 
exhibited by the vulgar and ignorant, simply be- 
cause the subjects of their dislike are colored, can 
not much longer be tolerated in a Christian com- 
munity. It is contrary to the spirit of the age, and 
must sooner or later yield to nobler impulses. 
Even if we have prejudices, we must always respect 
the rights and feelings of others. With all my 192 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
prejudices to the use of tobacco," he remarked, 
" I have been laughing heartily this morning over 
a tit-bit I found in my newspaper." Taking the 
paper from his desk, the Doctor, with a face beam- 
ing with humor, read the 
following : 
" A lady of truly manly 
spirit, accompanied by 
a small poodle, is said 
to have sadly failed in 
an attempted reformatory 
movement the other day. 
She entered the smoking- 
car of a Western train 
and solemnly refused to 
go into another car, ob- 
serving that her presence 
would keep the occupants 
from smoking. One 
stony wretch, however, insensible to the claims of 
refinement and reform, began to enjoy his accus- 
tomed cigar, which was suddenly snatched from 
his lips, with the remark, in high treble, ' If there 
is anything I do hate, it is tobacco-smoke ! ' For a 
THE VICTIM. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
193 
time the offender was silent, and motionless, then 
gravely rising, amid the plaudits of the assembled 
smokers, he took the pet poodle and gently threw 
him out of the window, sighing, ' If there is any- 
thing I do hate, it is a poodle I ' No mortal pen 
could describe the feelings of that reformer." 
" Now," remarked the Doctor, at the conclusion 
of a jolly laugh all round, " while my sympathies 
are decidedly with the principles of the lady in 
this instance, they certainly do not follow her in 
her method for their enforcement. She was not 
obliged to take a seat in the smoking-car, and con- 
sequently no one was infringing upon her personal 
rights. But when she intruded her presence in 
the coach set apart for smokers, and tried to en- 
force her views upon them in the impatient way 
related, she was clearly trespassing upon the rights 
of others, and with all due sorrow for the suffer- 
ings of the little poodle, the innocent victim of its 
mistress' mistaken zeal, I must say that in my 
opinion the gentleman served the lady not very 
far from right. The most remarkable exhibition of 
unseemly prejudice," added the Doctor, " that has 
come to my notice lately, was the rejection of an 194 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
application of a young Hindoo theological student 
for membership to what is called the Welcome 
Division of the Sons of Temperance in New Jersey, 
because his skin was a shade darker than that of a 
sunburnt farmer's boy. To a mind not blinded by 
such prejudice the fact would suggest the inference 
that only white people are weak enough to become 
drunkards." This bit of comment brought a gleam 
of sunshine from Mr. Johnson's generous features. 
I have not time or space for a detailed account 
of all that passed between the good people who 
accidentally met at the Doctor's. Suffice it to say, 
that no one of them seemed to regret, excepting 
on Sammy's account, that the latter had attended 
the party. Miss Minnie reported herself as having 
warmly taken the part of her mother when she en- 
deavored to conciliate the disaffected ones who flew 
from the refreshment-room at the time Marvcllie 
abruptly left, and she expressed herself as greatly 
pleased with the manly course taken by her escort, 
the young lawyer, at the time she was absent from 
the table. 
Old Mr. Johnson had called to ascertain when 
Sammy could deliver the lecture which young Dig- THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
195 
gles and some of his friends had expressed a wish 
to hear ; Mrs. Biddlewickcr and Minnie, to apolo- 
gize to the young lecturer for the rude treatment he 
had received at their house ; Mrs. Millstone, to tell 
Doctor Hubbs how badly she felt that she was the 
means of getting Sammy " into such a scrape," as 
she termed it; and Mrs. Hubbs had been attracted 
to the office-room to hear what the company had 
to say about the exciting affair. 
After the visitors had departed Doctor Hubbs 
took his phaeton to make professional calls ; Sam- 
my applied himself attentively to his neglected 
work, and Mrs. Hubbs dropped into an easy-chair 
to read the daily newspaper. Inasmuch as all are 
engaged in their individual pursuits, not even ex- 
cepting the two Sponsies, who are in the kitchen 
going through their military manoeuvres of which 
they never become tired, I will occupy a little 
time in telling my young readers something more 
about the nerves. In preparing Sammy for his 
last lecture, the Doctor showed his pupil some 
pictures which I have not spread before you ; and 
as I want you to keep up with the young lecturer, 
I must present them here. 196 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
We will first look at the 
trunk of the cercbro-spinal 
system. This picture gives us 
a front view, but you will see 
the cerebellum, or back brain, 
dipping down on each side 
below the cerebrum, or front 
brain. All those branches 
coming out on cither side of 
the spinal cord, as well as those 
hanging down at the end, rep- 
resent nerves which are cut 
off ata short distance from the 
points where they leave the 
main trunk. It would be 
nearly or quite impossible in 
a cut of this kind to give the 
nerve-branches entire. Here 
we see the nerves which ex- 
tend throughout the muscles 
and tissues of the body, and 
supply the former with the 
nervous forces which enable us 
by the aid of our muscular 
CEREBRO-SPINAL SYSTEM. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
197 
bands and cords to walk, run, jump, and climb 
fences whenever we choose to do so. When we 
want to move our limbs, the desire of our psychic 
faculty, or soul, is made known to the brain, 
and from this reservoir forces are at once dis- 
patched to those muscles which, under nervous 
stimulus, can cause such motions. As remarked 
in a previous chapter, the left side of the brain 
mainly controls the muscles on the right side of the 
body, and the right side of the brain chiefly con- 
trols the muscles on the left side of the body. 
These nerve-fibres from the two hemispheres cross 
over at the medulla oblongata, and then issue at 
regular intervals from the spine, at various places, to 
control the muscles which are located on the same 
side of the spine as that from which the nerves make 
their exit. 
The cerebro-spinal system also supplies the 
greater part of the nerves of sensation, or, in other 
words, the majority of those nerves which enable 
us to feel the sensation of pleasure or pain, or to 
know by the sense of touch when we come in con- 
tact with anything. But the sensitive nerves, un- 
like those controlling the muscles, cross over from 198 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
the right to the left side, and from the left to the 
right side, throughout the entire length of the 
spinal cord. 
Perhaps you would all like to know what a nerve 
looks like. Well, it is made up of a lot of filaments, 
or threads, bound together, and the nerve filament, 
or thread, is so small that in the brain and spinal 
cord it is only one ten-thousandth of an inch in 
diameter. In the nerves of the body, however, 
outside of the brain and cord, the filaments are 
about five times larger. A single filament is round, 
with an outer, colorless, transparent tubular mem- 
brane of great delicacy, and an inner grayish, 
firm, transparent cord, and between this inner 
cord and the outer tube there is a thick white fluid. 
Each one of these nerve-filaments acts like an in- 
dependent telegraphic wire, and is so insulated 
from the others which are bound together with it 
that it acts independently of the rest from its be- 
ginning to its end. It is indeed this wonderful 
combination of independent conductors compos- 
ing each nerve which makes the telegraphic sys- 
tem of the human body so perfect. It is supposed 
that the inner cord of a filament is the real con- THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
199 
ductor of nervous forces and impressions, and that 
the outer tubular membrane, with the fluid be- 
tween it and the cord, constitutes the insulating 
substance. Then to think of it! those filaments 
are so numerous in the Capitol of the Nervous Sys- 
tem-the Brain-that they are supposed to num- 
ber hundreds of millions ! Whenever you want to 
behold the most wonderful telegraphic station on 
earth, look in the glass ! it is located above and 
behind your face ! your eyes are its windows, your 
nose, with its double orifices, its ventilators ; your 
ears, its doors for its phonetic reporters ; and your 
skull, its roof and inclosing walls. Within the 
latter various faculties are as busy as so many de- 
partmental clerks and telegraphic operators in dis- 
patching the business and messages relating to the 
strange physical processes which keep you alive ; 
and you have but to touch one of these busy- 
bodies with the impulse of a wish to move back- 
ward or forward, walk, run, jump, or to perform 
any muscular movements suited to your bony and 
muscular framework. 
Movements performed by your desire are called 
voluntary motions ; nearly all motions of this class 200 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
are effected through the Cerebro-Spinal System, 
while nearly all the involuntary 
motions, such as the circulation 
of your blood and lymph and 
the carrying on of the exchange 
between the blood and tissues, 
are effected by the Vegetative 
Nervous System, as described in 
a previous volume. 
Now, again, I want to call 
your attention to a big pair of 
nerves which are the medium for 
both voluntary and involuntary 
nervous action. We will repro- 
duce a picture from Dalton which 
represents this pair. It will be 
seen that it originates at the side 
of the medulla oblongata, with 
which it is connected by ten or 
fifteen separate filaments. The 
filaments bunch together, form- 
ing one nerve, and descend 
through the floor of the skull to 
the trunk of the body, where the filaments again 
DIAGRAM OF PNEUMO- 
GASTRIC NERVE. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
201 
branch out and visit the breathing-organs, the 
heart, the stomach, the liver, and perhaps other 
organs. The other one is mainly like the one just 
described, and need not be separately presented 
here. The pair descends on each side of the neck, 
and on entering the body visits so many parts that 
the old anatomists named it the " par vagum," or 
the wandering pair. 
The voluntary power of this pair of nerves is 
exhibited when we talk or sing, or hold our 
breath, or when we perform the first motions of 
swallowing. In its involuntary action it might 
well be called the helper of the Vegetative 
Nervous System. It assists the latter in work- 
ing the breathing-passages, and it has the main 
control of the tube through which our food de- 
scends until it reaches the pyloric orifice, or gate, 
between the stomach and the duodenum. It has 
sensitive nerves in the lining of the stomach, and 
nerves of motion outside of this organ ; the for- 
mer stimulate the secretion of the gastric juice 
when the food enters it, and also give notice to 
the outer ones when all is ready for giving the 
contents of the stomach a good churning. Then 202 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
the outer ones, acting upon the muscular fibres, 
set the stomach into that commotion which reduces 
the food to such a condition that it is suitable to 
pass the pyloric gateway, all of which you have 
read about already in Volume III. 
The pneumogastric nerve also exercises an in- 
fluence over the heart, liver, very likely the kid- 
neys, and possibly other organs. When we come 
to look into its function, we are compelled to re- 
gard the vegetative nervous system as a sub-con- 
tractor, as we call one who works under the direc- 
tion of some higher contractor ; and this higher 
contractor, who is in turn subordinate to the brain, 
is the pneumogastric nerve. 
The nerves which keep the blood moving 
through the arteries, capillaries, etc., have been 
sometimes called the vaso-motor nervous system. 
But this system is but a part of the vegetative 
nervous system, and is under its control. The 
latter keeps all the vital machinery in motion 
much as the steam of an engine keeps its ma- 
chinery going. Then the pneumogastric nerve 
reaches down from the skull into this complicated 
mechanism much as the arm of the engineer THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
203 
reaches out to the levers, valves, etc., of an en- 
gine, and exercises more or less of a guiding 
power. In exercising its influence over the lungs, 
heart, liver, etc., it very likely acts under the 
direction of those organs of the brain which Pro- 
fessor Buchanan has mapped off in front of the 
line drawn perpendicularly before the ears in 
the chart given on page 130. In almost a direct 
line one above another, in the chart referred to, 
we find the locations of those organs which we 
are told exercise a direct influence over certain 
vital parts. For instance, the organ marked pul- 
monic has control of the lungs ; the one marked 
cardiac presides over the heart; hepatic, over the 
liver ; gastric, over the stomach ; and renal, over 
the kidneys. Now may it not be that the pncu- 
mogastric nerves are the telegraphic wires through 
which these organs in the brain directly communi- 
cate with the organs named in the body? Turn 
back and look at the chart again ; it will repay 
you to do so. 
Mons. Papillon would have us believe that the 
heart is, as it were, bridled by the pneumogastric 
nerve so that that organ may be quickened or 204 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
slackened under impulses sent from the mind. 
We know the fact, but he gives us an explanation 
of the cause. He calls these nerve-bridles the 
accelerator and retardator nerves. He claims 
that it is through these nerves that every shade 
of feeling influences the heart to quicker or slower 
action. 
" Every agreeable or joyous emotion of the 
soul," says this writer, "excites the accelerator 
nerves of the heart, and causes that 'organ to beat 
with great rapidity, lessening at the same time 
the force of its contractions. The phrases the 
heart leaps with, joy, or jlittters with joy, ad- 
mirably characterize this action of the accelerator 
nerves. The facility with which the heart drives 
the blood into the arteries, under such circum- 
stances, produces that feeling of comfort and 
pleasure which is expressed by the words a light 
heart. On the other hand, all sad or painful feel- 
ings act chiefly on the retardator fibres of the 
pneumogastric nerves. Emotions of this descrip- 
tion diminish the rapidity of the heart's beatings, 
and so increase the amount of blood discharged 
from that organ at each beat; hence the contrac- THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
205 
tions by which it drives the blood into the vessels 
are laborious and protracted. These contractions, 
attended as they are with pain, give rise to a class 
of sensations expressed in common language by 
such phrases as oppression of the heart, the heart 
is agonized, etc." 
With this explanation you will all understand 
which nerves control your heart when you feel 
jolly, and which ones are influencing that organ 
when you are feeling unhappy. But, I imagine, 
you are wondering by this time what the young 
lecturer is about. Well, his heart is just now 
rather under the influence of the retardator nerves, 
for the monkeys have been making so much of a 
racket in enacting sham fights and firing their 
miniature guns, that Mrs. Hubbs has given Sammy 
notice to take both of them home with him this 
evening. Poor Jim (the black cat) has nearly 
lost an eye by their carelessness. All the hair 
has been burned off from the left side of his head 
by a blast of powder which came from one of 
the guns that accidentally went off in the hands 
of Sponsie Number 2. That side of the poor cat's 
face is swollen and the eye completely closed, 206 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
so that he looks queerly enough. Bridget was so 
enraged that she boxed the monkey's cars severely 
with a hand right out of the flour-barrel, from which 
she was filling the bread-bowl. for the purpose of 
making biscuits just as the accident took place. 
Badly as the two animals feel with their retarda- 
tors in full activity, it would thrill your accelera- 
tor nerves and make you laugh in spite of yonr 
sympathies to see them. Jim looks wildly with 
his remaining eye at Sponsie Number 2, and the 
A SCENE IN THE KITCHEN. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
207 
latter stares from under his flour-crested eyebrows 
at Jim with a good deal of that same restless 
surprise that the young folks viewed each other 
in the masks at the Biddlewickcr party. Sponsie 
Number I is gazing sadly upon both. I have 
tried to give you a picture of the scene, but the 
artist cannot portray the emotions which thrilled 
the nerves of Jim and Sponsie Number 2, nor 
can he pencil the singular activity which must of 
necessity be going on in the pncumogastric nerves 
of all the animals, Sponsie Number I included. 
An attempt to do so would be like trying to pho- 
tograph a mosquito on the wing and reproduce 
in the picture his persuasive musical hum. But 
the sentence, whether just or unjust, has been 
pronounced, and there will be quite a clearing.of 
Bridget's kitchen when Sammy goes to his school 
between seven and eight o'clock to-night. With 
this very brief summing up of the situation, so 
far as the Sponsies are concerned, I must close 
this chapter. CHAPTER X 
BAD NEWS-THE RETARDATOR AND ACCELERA- 
TOR NERVES-A TRAGEDY IN SHIN-BONE 
ALLEY-THE DEATH OF SOME PETS-SAMMY'S 
SORROW-THE DOCTOR DIVERTS HIS MIND 
WITH INTERESTING CONVERSATION RESPECT- 
ING OUR NERVOUS TELEGRAPH, AND HOW WE 
LEARN TO USE IT-THE STRANGE RESOLU- 
TION OF SAMMY. 
USH! hush! Be quiet! 
my young readers. I have 
some bad news to com- 
municate ! I hardly know 
just how I should break it 
to you, for physiology 
teaches us that the ner- 
vous bridle which the 
brain puts on the heart 
becomes more or less un- 
manageable when any 
great or sudden emotion 
of the mind occurs. That 
is, it fails more than ever to be controlled by the THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
209 
will. It is through this involuntary action of the 
rctardator and accelerator nerves belonging to the 
pncumogastric pair, that life is endangered some- 
times by the sudden communication of either sor- 
rowful or over-joyful news. We should be very 
careful, therefore, in our intercourse with nervously 
sensitive people, not to seriously disturb the har- 
monious action of those nerves which reach down 
from the brain, and communicate all its emotions 
of j°y> grief» horror, surprise, anger, and fear. 
It is a common peculiarity of the human mind to 
like to surprise people with either good or bad 
news, or to visit them unexpectedly. Look out 
that this inclination is not gratified at the expense 
of the health and perhaps life of those with whom 
you associate. 
Now, how shall I tell you the distressing news 
which you must know some time unless I cut my 
narrative short by abruptly closing this volume 
without an additional word ? I will see if I can 
lead you along so as to gradually prepare your 
mind for the reception of something which would 
startle you, and greatly disturb the workings of 
your retardator and accelerator nerves, if communi- 210 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
cated in a hasty and inconsiderate manner. And 
from the course I pursue I desire that you take a 
lesson of prudence, and if you should ever have 
some sorrowful tidings to communicate by letter 
or telegraph, precede the worst feature of it by 
something which will prepare the one with whom 
you are communicating for hearing, without un- 
due surprise, a fact painful enough to bear when 
received in a way that will not shock as well as 
grieve the sensitive mind. So, too, if you have 
news and surprises of an excessively happy char- 
acter, remember the sensitiveness of the retardator 
and accelerator nerves, and prepare the mind of 
your friend or correspondent for the good tidings 
or events, in order that you may avoid setting his 
heart on an uncontrollable gallop. 
By this time you must all be ready for the 
grievous tale I have to tell ; and I will so relate it 
as to carry you step by step to the final tragic 
revelation. When Sammy took the two monkeys 
to his Twenty-seventh Street home, last evening, 
they kept up such a banging that old Mrs. Tubbs 
said she could not stand the racket. The guns 
were consequently taken from them and hidden THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
211 
in Esther's room. Before placing them between 
the two mattresses of her bed, Esther loaded both 
of them with balls as well as powder, remarking, as 
she did so, that she should on the following day 
shoot some rats which came out in the back-yard 
to sun themselves when old Blucher would lie 
sleeping in front of his kennel. Now, while 
Sammy was instructing his evening class, Esther 
being present with most of the other members of 
the family, these two mischievous Sponsies made 
a persevering search for their hidden weapons. 
With the cunning peculiar to creatures of their 
species they had little difficulty in finding them, 
and when the young lecturer was right in the 
midst of his physiological explanations to a large 
audience of colored people, the reports of two 
guns were heard, followed with the most piercing 
and agonizing howling and whining from old 
Blucher. The peculiar cry of the dog rather than 
the firing of the guns startled everybody, and in 
an instant the parlors were vacant and the back- 
yard was crowded with people. 
There lay poor Blucher, kicking, and raising 
his head in a most beseeching manner, while 212 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
the blood was flowing from a wound in his 
neck in the region of the carotid artery. But 
THE TRAGEDY IN SHIN-BONE ALLEY. 
where were the monkeys ? Neither of them was 
visible ! Could it be that some wanton boy had 
shot good old Blucher ? Ah, no I A little way THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
213 
from the faithful dog, in the dim light that struck 
across the alley from the back-parlor window, lay 
Sponsie Number I, motionless. Perhaps too neg- 
lectful of the noble dog lying there writhing in 
agony, all rushed into the house with the limp 
and unconscious monkey. All were clamorous to 
know if he were dead, and crowded around the 
table upon which he was speedily stretched. The 
wound was not easily found. He was bleeding 
from his mouth, and gave no external evidence of 
injury. A lad was despatched for Doctor Hubbs, 
while Sammy proceeded to see if he could restore 
poor Sponsie with electro-magnetism, as he had 
done on a former occasion. He thought perhaps 
it might be simply the result of a nervous shock. 
The machine was being vigorously applied by 
Sammy and young Diggles when Doctor Hubbs 
entered. He examined closely the monkey's 
mouth, and with a probe traced the ball which 
had entered through it and lodged in the medulla 
oblongata. The fatal lead had touched the vital 
spot, and Sponsie doubtless fell dead in an instant 
after receiving the charge. As nothing could be 
done for him, the Doctor, led by Sammy and 214 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
closely followed by the gaping multitude, pro- 
ceeded to see what could be done for poor 
Blucher. 
" Too late ! " exclaimed the Doctor, after exam- 
ining the wounded animal, that only gasped and 
feebly moved a leg at brief intervals ! The next 
inquiry was directed as to the whereabouts of 
Sponsic Number 2. Had he also fallen in what 
was intended for only a sham battle ? Not likely, 
for there were but two guns from which Sponsie 
Number 1 had received one ball and old Bliichcr 
the other. Sammy's theory was that the two 
monkeys entered into their usual diversion near 
where old Blucher was lying, and that Sponsie 
Number 1 was killed by the ball from the gun in 
the hands of Sponsie Number 2, while the dog 
received the contents of the gun which was dis- 
charged by Sponsie Number 1. All concluded 
that this must have been the way in which the two 
pet animals came to their untimely death. 
Where, then, was the surviving soldier? The 
alley was searched in vain, and the colored people 
visited the yards and basements of all the houses 
in the neighborhood. Up to this hour not a trace THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
215 
of the frightened simicide has been discovered. 
Perhaps he fears arrest ! More likely he is afraid 
to come within a mile of those horrid guns after 
what has happened ! 
How does Sammy bear up under his bereave- 
ment ? He feels broken-hearted enough, I assure 
you. His retardator nerves are so acting upon 
his heart, that that organ labors slowly and pain- 
fully to perform its function ; and you may well say 
that his heart is agonised, as this condition was apt- 
ly stated by M. Papillon. With all his sorrow, he 
has an appointment to lecture at Lincoln Hall to- 
night. The bills announcing it were posted day 
before yesterday, and the entertainment cannot 
well be deferred, for this is the only night for a 
month to come that this hall, which is a popular 
one among the colored people, can be obtained. 
Old Mr. Johnson, hearing of Sammy's misfortune, 
tried early this morning to change the engagement 
for an evening some time next week ; but for the 
reason stated this does not seem practicable. 
Doctor Hubbs is doing his best to keep up the 
spirits of his pupil by engaging his mind in interest- 
ing conversation about the nervous system. Just 216 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
now he is telling him 
that to be ushered into 
the world, as well as to 
be taken out of it, is a 
rather serious business. 
Listen: 
" Imagine," says he, 
"that you were to be 
blindfolded and taken 
in a balloon from your 
native country, and 
dropped into a gondola 
in Venice, and then the 
covering should be re- 
moved from your eyes. 
The queer appearance 
of the houses, the ab- 
sence of streets, your 
inability to speak so 
that anybody could un- 
derstand you, your ig- 
norance of the language 
of the people, and the 
strange mental inquiries 
AN IMAGINARY TRIP TO VENICE. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
217 
which would be going on in your brain as to where 
you were, would utterly confound you. 
"What momentary successions of surprises, 
then," continued the Doctor, " must fill the mind 
of a baby when it first opens its eyes and ears upon 
this strange planet I It finds itself with arms and 
limbs which it does not know how to use ; with 
vocal chords and tongue which it cannot employ 
in articulating words; with ears which only convey 
sounds which it does not comprehend ; eyes which 
see objects with which it is entirely unfamiliar; 
and finally with a brain which is provided with 
hundreds of millions of nerve-fibres which it must 
learn to use ! Professor Raymond has presented 
this matter very strikingly. In the course of a 
lecture, he said : 
" ' It is only by steady practice that babies learn 
how to use their senses. Neither you nor I can 
rightly estimate the amount of knowledge of these 
things which an infant learns, and which we can 
never surpass as long as we live. No teacher 
ever taught the mind as much as a baby learns in 
its youth. Suppose you were to be put in a tele- 
graph-office with a hundred thousand instruments, 2l8 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
where all the business was done in cipher, with a 
different cipher for each instrument, and were 
obliged to learn the whole, and reply to each mes- 
sage over a hundred thousand instruments at the 
same time. Who would not go crazy ? That is 
what the baby does, when he lies there sucking his 
thumb, and we think he is doing nothing.' " 
"The baby," added the Doctor, "reaches out 
from the cradle for its mother, thinking to touch 
her.delighted face when she is sitting at a far-off 
window, for it has no idea of distance ; it turns its 
eyes and ears in the wrong direction when its little 
new name is called, for it has got to learn to trace 
the sources of the sound-waves, when by any 
cause they are set in motion. By watching every 
expression of face, and every movement of its 
mother, it must pick up a knowledge of the words 
which it will by and by articulate so bewitchingly 
awkward, as to make the mother laugh and the 
grandmother repeat, till a new language, called 
" baby-talk," will prevail in the nursery. It does 
not know how to use its tiny fingers, and feels proud 
when it finds it can double them up in the form of 
a well-clinched fist. For it to stand alone is a feat THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
219 
which is announced with expressions of joy by the 
doting mother. Its first tottering walk from one 
chair to another is celebrated with a gathering of 
family and friends to witness a repetition of the 
wonderful performance. And so it proceeds step 
by step to acquire control of its senses and volun- 
tary movements, and to get used to the world into 
which it has been ushered, with no previous prep- 
aration, but brimful of possibilities. Some peo- 
ple never do get used to it," exclaimed the Doctor 
with audible mirth, referring, of course, to those 
who never become apt enough in the employment 
of their natural powers to rise above or conquer 
the obstacles which beset them in life. "And then 
the majority of people never get the nerves of their 
brains and bodies into such well-ordered action as 
to avoid running, mentally or physically, into other 
folks! Instead of revolving in their own orbits, 
and developing themselves individually in accord- 
ance with the peculiar constitution of their own 
mental and physical machinery, they waste their 
energies in trying to force others to revolve in pre- 
cisely the same circuit, in consequence of which 
the members of the human family go chafing each 220 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
other sore through life. The first lesson for a 
child to learn, after finding out that he must keep 
his fingers out of the fire, should be to keep his 
hands out of other people's affairs. Even with 
this motto prominently before his eyes, there will 
still occur too many instances in which the orbit of 
one individual will overlap that of another, bring- 
ing the two into more or less inevitable collision. 
To train all the various powers of the mind and 
body in a way to act in harmony with other minds 
and bodies, and yet allow each one to peform his 
own individual part so as to make the most he can 
of himself, should be one of the chief studies of the 
child after he has learned to walk, and to step aside 
half way in passing his companion on the street! " 
While there was an earnestness in all this, flashes 
of humor would every now and then steal over 
the Doctor's countenance while he was speaking. 
Sammy seemed greatly interested, but the Doctor's 
good-humor reminded him of his own grief, and of 
his dear old companion, Sponsie No. I, and old 
Blucher, lying dead in the laundry of his Twenty- 
seventh Street home. 
The Doctor noticed the shadow which passed THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
221 
over Sammy's features, and not quite understand- 
ing the cause, changed the subject to that of the 
coming lecture. Said he-" You will hardly feel 
like speaking to-night in that large, strange hall, 
when you are feeling so badly, will you ? " 
THE SCENE IN THE LAUNDRY. 
" Yes-yes, sir," repeated Sammy thoughtfully, 
scarcely looking up; " and I am seriously thinking 
of taking the bodies of Sponsie and Blucher to the 
lecture-room, to illustrate what I shall there en- 
deavor to explain." 222 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
" It is not possible ! " exclaimed Doctor Hubbs 
with emphasis and surprise. 
"Yes," replied the young lecturer, looking up 
with an expression of determination lightening up 
his tearful eyes, and taking possession of the mus- 
cles of his lips. " If Professor Powell could will 
his head to a medical friend in the cause of science, 
and Professor Agassiz could on his deathbed re- 
quest his friends to cut open his body to ascertain 
the cause of his last sickness, I can certainly 
command the nerve to lay open the skull of Spon- 
sie and the track of the cerebro-spinal system in 
Blucher for the purpose of making my lecture plain 
to my hearers." 
" But having the bodies of your dead pets be- 
fore you will constantly remind you of your 
bereavement," urged the Doctor ; " whereas if 
the remains of these old companions are not pres- 
ent, you will be likely to become so interesred in 
your subject, that your sorrow may for a time be 
forgotten." 
This was an argument which Sammy did not 
try to answer, but it did not change his resolution. 
" I can," he said, evading reply, " make good use THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
223 
of their brains and nerves before my class, and 
such others as may be attracted to the hall to-night, 
and then I can bury their remains just as decently 
as if they had not served a useful purpose." 
" And you think, Sammy, you can do that ? " 
again exclaimed the Doctor, shaking his head and 
watching the face of the boy, wondering in his 
own mind if he should ever cease to be surprised 
at what Sammy seemed ready under all circum- 
stances to undertake. 
When the youth looked the Doctor calmly and 
steadfastly in the eyes and answered firmly, with- 
out a quiver of the lip or a nervous motion of the 
muscles, "Yes, sir, I can," the latter arose from 
his chair, confident that his pupil could carry out 
his programme, " for in what instance," asked 
the left side of his brain of the right hemisphere, 
" has the boy failed in what he has attempted ? " 
The Doctor then took to his phaeton, and Sam- 
my went over to his morning duties in the Dis- 
pensary. The bulletins of the bill-posters in the 
middle and upper parts of the city are pretty well 
plastered over with announcements of Sammy's lec- 
ture, and as the hall is capable of holding about 224 
THE BOY DOCTOR. 
seven hundred people, the young lecturer will 
have to stand before a larger audience than he has 
ever addressed before. I will now take leave of 
you all till to morrow, when I shall endeavor to 
give you a pretty full report of the incidents of 
the lecture. CHAPTER XL 
THE LECTURE-MISS BARKENSTIR PRESENT- 
THE VARIOUS SOURCES OF ELECTRICITY-AN 
INGENIOUS THEORY ORIGINATED BY SAMMY- 
THE FORCES EMPLOYED BY OUR BRAIN- 
ANIMAL MAGNETISM-SAMMY'S REPLY TO 
YOUNG DIGGLES-THE BURIAL OF SPONSIE 
AND BLUCHER-THE CLOSE OF THE VOLUME. 
INCOLN HALL was 
packed with people last 
evening. The settees 
were all occupied, and 
chairs were brought to 
the aisles. The audience 
was made up of people 
of all shades of color, 
from the lightest blonde 
to the blackest Ethiopian. 
The colored element was 
of course predominant. 
But who do you suppose 
came early and secured the front seats ? Why, 
15 226 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
Mrs. Biddlewicker, Mrs. Millstone, Minnie Biddle- 
wicker, Julia Barkenstir, little Miss Goodlove, 
accompanied by the young lawyer and the old 
gentleman, Mr. Goodlove. The latter, by invita- 
tion, took a seat on the platform, when the young 
lecturer, accompanied by Doctor Hubbs, entered. 
The entrance of Sammy and his preceptor was 
signalized by such a clapping of hands and stamp- 
ing of feet as was almost deafening. This applause 
was initiated by the young people who belonged 
to the evening class, but all present instantly 
joined in the complimentary welcome, and none 
with greater enthusiasm than those occupying the 
seats in front. 
Before ascending the platform, Sammy grace- 
fully passed along the front row, and shook hands 
with his admirers, who had stood by him at the 
masked party. Miss Julia Barkenstir held his 
hand for some moments in close conversation, and 
although no one could hear much that she said, 
the sparkle of her magnetic blue eyes gave evi- 
dence that she was greatly pleased to meet the one 
who, while masked, had captivated her young 
heart. The spell was not yet broken, for while THE TROUBLESOME MONKEV. 
227 
the paper mask had been removed, she felt that 
there was still another one created by unreasoning 
prejudice, behind which was a soul as noble as 
ever shone through a white cuticle. 
Old Mr. Johnson came in very soon after Sam- 
my took his seat. On the platform by this time 
were Doctor Hubbs, Mr. Johnson, Mr. Goodlove, 
Young Diggles, and by the side of the latter, 
Sammy's little sister Esther. With the exception 
of Esther, all of the Tubbs family were in side- 
settees facing the platform, where they could con- 
veniently look over the audience, and observe the 
effects of Sammy's wise sayings. Under the 
speaker's desk, in a basket which had been brought 
early by the elder Tubbs, were the brain of Spon- 
sie Number I and the cerebro-spinal system of old 
Blucher! 
Doctor Hubbs felt and plainly exhibited quite 
as much concern as he did on the occasion of Sam- 
my's first lecture. He greatly feared that his 
pupil would be embarrassed by the vast concourse 
of upturned faces, if not overcome by the grief 
under which he had been suffering all day. These 
two causes put together he feared would be suffi- 228 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
cient to greatly mar the lecture, if they did not 
utterly break down the speaker. 
When the clocks in the neighboring churches 
had finished striking eight, Doctor Hubbs, only 
too eager to relieve his suspense, promptly arose 
and explained the embarrassing circumstances 
under which Master Sammy would address them, 
and begged their generous indulgence. The 
allusion to his dead pets visibly affected the young 
lecturer, compelling him for a few moments to 
bury his face in his handkerchief; but when the 
Doctor in concluding proceeded to introduce him 
to the audience, he stepped forward with a calm- 
ness which surprised everybody. 
After a few introductory words, he took from 
under the desk the brain of Sponsie, and, to please 
Young Diggles, presented the facts regarding 
phrenology. From this subject he rapidly passed 
over physiognomy, sarcognomy, and pathognomy, 
very much as he had done at the masked party. 
His front-scat admirers, indeed, began to think 
that they were only to have the same dish warmed 
over. But by and by he struck upon a more ex- 
haustive consideration of the brain, ccrebro-spinal THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
229 
system, the vegetative, cranial, and pneumogas- 
tric nerves. After describing their origin and 
the parts which they controlled or influenced, 
illustrating his discourse first with Sponsie's brain, 
SAMMY EXPLAINING SPONSIE'S BRAIN. 230 
THE BOV DOCTOR AND 
and then with old Bliicher's cerebellum and spine, 
he proceeded with graceful gestures as follows : 
" Here we have a telegraphic system more per- 
fect than the ingenious mind of Professor Morse 
could have conceived. It is the masterpiece of the 
Great Mind that brought the inventors of our 
overland and oceanic telegraphs into being ! ' Can 
the servant be greater than his Master,' or the 
subject greater than his Maker ? 
' ' Moreover, science reveals the fact that our minds 
employ about the same agency in communicating 
with the various members and organs of the body 
that is used by the telegraphic operator. What we 
call electricity in some one or more of its various 
forms is doubtless the stimulus which our brain 
employs in performing, under the direction of our 
will, all our voluntary motions, while other nerves, 
called the involuntary, are busy in conducting to 
the heart, lungs, stomach, and other organs, the 
electrical impulses which keep the whole living 
machinery in action. 
" By chemical and mechanical processes we can 
produce various forces, which seem to be in some 
way related to those which rend the heavens in a THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
231 
thunder-storm. For instance, we can produce 
with one kind of an instrument frictional electric- 
ity ; with another, aided by certain chemicals, an 
electrical influence called galvanism ; by another, 
still another kind, electro-magnetism ; and by sim- 
ply heating unequally a bar of bismuth we can 
produce at least a feeble current of what is called 
thermo-electricity. You can find out about all 
these different kinds of electricities by referring to 
your school philosophies and cyclopaedias. 
"Each one of these forces has some property 
peculiar to itself. They are not all precisely alike. 
Between some of them their effects are widely dif- 
ferent ; now, when a great naturalist like Buffon 
informs us ' that the animal combines all the forces 
of Nature; that his individuality is the centre to 
which everything is referred, a point reflecting the 
whole universe, a world in little' what are we 
left to infer, unless all of the above-named forces, 
with perhaps some others, are employed in our 
nervous telegraphic systems in carrying on the 
wonderful processes of living, moving, feeling, and 
thinking ? " 
Sammy had been several times interrupted by 232 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
applause, but at this point it was uproarious and 
continuous. The restless and nervous face which 
Dr. Hubbs had brought to the hall with him was 
now lighted up with an expression of relief and 
delight which was shared 
by old Mr. Johnson, Mr. 
Goodlove, and by the 
ladies and their escort on 
the front seats. 
The father and mother 
and other relatives of the 
young lecturer made no 
effort to conceal their 
pride, and the old man 
Tubbs desired so much 
to impress the audience 
with the fact that he had 
some personal connection 
with the performance, that 
he would every now and then step on tiptoe to say 
a word to either Dr. Hubbs or Mr. Johnson; mes- 
sages which could have had no great importance, in- 
asmuch as a smile or a nod of the head seemed in 
every instance quite sufficient for a satisfactory reply. 
OLD MR, TUBBS DELIVERING 
A MESSAGE ON TIPTOE. THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
233 
It is my belief," resumed the lecturer at the 
conclusion of the applause, and while setting down 
a goblet, from which he had taken a sip of water, 
"that our ability to judge of the quality of things 
by the sense of touch is in a great measure due to 
thermo-electricity. In an article which I recently 
read in Prof. R. A. Gunn's Medical Mirror, the 
writer undertook to show the plausibility of refer- 
ring the production of all our nervous forces to a 
sort of thermo-electrical battery made up of exter- 
nal membranes which are kept at a lower tempera- 
ture than those in the central portions of our bod- 
ies. He considered only one assumption neces- 
sary, and that was not an improbable one, it being 
that ' a thermo-electrical current is capable of 
being generated between soft tissues of different 
composition and structure.' But unfortunately 
the writer claimed too much. One of his critics 
answered him in language as follows : 
" 'Thetheory is advocated by some, and with 
considerable plausibility, that nerve-force is gener- 
ated by thermo-electricity, produced by the differ- 
ence in temperature of the inside and outside of 
the body. On the other hand, it is argued by 234 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
those adverse to this theory, that the experiments 
of men exposed for a long time to a temperature 
equaling the blood-heat appear not to favor such 
a theory, because, notwithstanding such a tempera- 
ture is not promotive of health or comfort, the 
simple fact that man can live in an atmosphere of 
which the temperature equals that of the interior of 
the body, is regarded as proof that nerve-force 
does not depend on this, but rather on the con- 
sumption of food, absorption of oxygen by the act 
of respiration, and the continual repairs of all the 
tissues, nervous and muscular, by the materials 
contained in the blood.' 
" This critic," resumed the lecturer, " is without 
doubt correct. A volume in the library of my 
generous preceptor [applause] entitled ' Medical 
Common Sense,' published nearly twenty years 
ago, explained a variety of physical processes 
which were sufficient to supply the body with the 
requisite electrical forces for running its complica- 
ted telegraphic system ; and the experiments of 
scientists have not only shown them to be true, 
but have stumbled upon a variety of other ones. 
Becquerel tells us that ' even the various cells, THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
235 
tubes, tissues, globules, etc, with the fluids which 
moisten them, are so arranged in the body that 
they are constantly evolving electricity.' The 
American Cyclopaedia informs us that the re- 
searches of Matteucci, Du Bois-Raymond, Donne, 
Baxter, Brown-Sequard, Eckard, and others, have 
established beyond doubt that the production of 
electricity is constantly going on in all the tissues 
of the living animal body. 
"It is not therefore necessary," said the lec- 
turer, looking up from a scrap of paper upon 
which he had noted the above quotations, "to go 
to the sources of thermo-electricity in the human 
body, to find the forces which work its machinery. 
But it may not be assuming too much to say that 
quite likely thermo-electricity greatly aids us in 
our sense of touch. Everything, scientists tell 
us, possesses electricity of some kind (even vege- 
tation is found to generate and throw it off), and 
it is doubtless to this fact, in part, that we are in- 
debted for our ability to tell what many sub- 
stances are by the sense of feeling when our eyes 
are closed. But it is also evident that everything 
has its own peculiar temperature. Delicate shades 236 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
of difference may not always be detected by a ther- 
mometer. Our instrument-makers have not yet 
made telescopes that will show to us what kind of 
people inhabit the planets ; nor have they given 
us microscopes that have the power to reveal the 
smallest living specks of earth. Neither have 
they as yet given us a thermometer which can be 
supposed to possess the power of revealing all 
the fractional degrees of heat and cold. Now, 
then, we have sensitive nerves terminating out- 
wardly in our skin, and inwardly, directly or in- 
directly, in our brain. Our skin is literally filled 
with these terminating fibres. When we touch 
an article or thing which is colder than the internal 
temperature, may it not be in compliance with the 
law by which thermo-electricity is generated, that 
a succession of sparks of this kind of electricity, 
fly to the brain, informing it of the fact? and when 
we touch something warmer than the internal 
temperature, is it not possible that the brain be- 
comes conscious of the fact, by the production of 
a succession of sparks of thermo-electricity, which 
leave that organ and pass into the medium or 
thing ? And, again, may it not be the radiation THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
237 
of thermo-electricity from our bodies in hot 
weather, or in warm baths, which, in part at least, 
causes our sense of lassitude ? Finally, may it 
not be this peculiar form of electricity which 
greatly aids us in distinguishing between marble 
and wood ; crockery and glass; cloth and paper ; 
and between any one substance and another by the 
sense of touch ? Each article, doubtless, has its 
own temperature, which our delicate thermo-elec- 
trical battery can detect, whether the thermometer 
can or not. Bear in mind that when our hands 
are long in contact with one thing, the difference 
which our senses first perceive steadily becomes 
less noticeable, and, further, that an excess of 
heat or cold, as when we have had our hands in 
hot water or exposed to wintry air, causes what 
we call a numbness, which disqualifies us from dis- 
tinguishing the qualities of things by the sense of 
feeling. Remember that it is by years of practice, 
from babyhood up, that we learn to know what 
many things are by our fingers or hands, without 
the aid of our eyes; then reflect, that if we are 
dependent upon thermo-electricity for this power, 
our nerves of touch cannot prove reliable when 238 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
they are raised to a much warmer or lowered to a 
much colder temperature than that to which we are 
accustomed." 
During the delivery of this philosophical matter, 
several attempts were made to get up applause, 
which failed, because those who understood it 
were so deeply interested that they did not wish 
to lose a word, and those who did not compre- 
hend it saw nothing in it to applaud. It was 
mainly from Sammy's class that the slight outburst 
occurred, for its members had been under his in- 
struction long enough to feel certain that he was 
acquitting himself with credit, even if they did not 
comprehend all that he was saying. But when the 
young lecturer stopped to take a glass of water, a 
round of applause was started at the front seat, 
which rapidly extended to every part of the hall, 
while the gentlemen on the platform leaned tow- 
ards each other and exchanged the warmest con- 
gratulations. 
" It is my belief," said the lecturer, on resum- 
ing, "that all forms of electricity exist in the 
human body, and that some of them combine in 
producing what we call nervous force, so that the THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
239 
nervous current may not have the characteristic 
properties of any one of them. Animal mag- 
netism may be the product of two or more of these 
different forms." 
Here Young Diggles interrupted the speaker by 
rising and asking with a voice somewhat tremulous 
with embarrassment: 
"Dr. Tubbs, sar, habn't Mister Secord-Brown 
dealt a death-blow to anibal magnertism ? " 
" I think not," replied Master Sammy, stepping 
YOUNG DIGGLES WISHES TO BE INFORMED. 240 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
gracefully to one side of his desk, so that he could 
face his questioner without turning his back upon 
more than half of his audience. " In one of his 
lectures, Dr. Brown-Sequard asked the question, 
' Can the nervous force spring out of the nervous 
system to produce some action ? ' To which he re- 
plied ' that there were no facts to prove it.' And 
he added, 'that if he was right, it was a death-blow 
to animal magnetism.' But it seems to me that 
he furnished the necessary facts to show that he 
was not right, in a lecture delivered in less than 
ten days thereafter. He said that Catlin, who 
traveled in the West, and wrote two volumes on 
the Indians, stated that when the calves of the 
buffalo were caught, and the air from the lungs of 
a man forcibly breathed into their nostrils, they 
became so fascinated with the influence, that they 
would run after the horse of the hunter and follow 
him for five or six miles. He gave us the same 
authority for saying that a wild horse that has been 
lassoed and treated in a similar manner will fol- 
low his captor anywhere and act perfectly tame. 
" Now, I am sure," said the lecturer, with a 
bright smile lighting up his face as he turned THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
241 
squarely to the audience, " no believer in animal 
magnetism could give two stronger facts than these 
in support of their favorite doctrine. Furthermore, 
it is not to be supposed that such men as Cuvier, La 
Place, Hufeland, Agassiz, Dr. Herbert Mayo, Sir 
William Hamilton, Dr. Carpenter, and Prof. Ed- 
ward Hitchcock would have been the supporters 
of the claims of Mesmer and his followers, had not 
facts to support them been presented clearly to their 
minds. In all our intercourse with mankind every 
day of our lives, we have evidence of the phenom- 
ena of animal magnetism. We communicate it with 
our hands ; we exhale it with our breath ; we flash 
it from our eyes ; and to an extent which influences 
those with whom we associate without the aid of an 
audible word from our lips." 
This reply to Young Diggles was greeted with 
rapturous applause, during which the speaker bowed 
to his audience and took his seat. 
Doctor Hubbs, old Mr. Johnson, and Mr. Good- 
love successively followed in a few remarks expres- 
sive of the interest they had taken in the lecture, 
the Doctor remarking that all the young man had 
said of thermo-electricity and animal magnetism 242 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
was as new to him as it was to any one in the au- 
dience. This elicited another round of applause, 
for it was pretty generally suspected that Sammy 
was doing little more than reciting something 
which his preceptor had prepared for the occasion. 
The first doubt on this point was raised in the 
minds of the wiser ones when the young lecturer 
replied to Young Diggles. This, they whispered 
among themselves, could hardly have been arranged 
beforehand, although some were disposed to think 
so. All questions of this kind were set at rest by 
the voluntary statement of Doctor Hubbs himself. 
It was nearly eleven o'clock before the exercises 
closed. The hall having been filled uncomfortably, 
more than seven hundred persons must have been 
present, and all went away greatly pleased with 
what they had heard. 
Now I trust my young readers have been inter- 
ested in the very complete report I have given of 
what occurred at the lecture. No important points 
have been omitted from the details of the lecture it- 
self, excepting those bearing upon subjects which 
have been substantially presentedin previous pages. 
Nor have I used terms with which you should not THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
243 
be familiar, if you have read all that has gone be- 
fore. If any one of the chapters or volumes of 
this series contains anything locked up from the 
youthful understanding, the key to it will be found 
in the chapter or volume which precedes it. So 
you have only to follow the narrative, without skip- 
ping to the more interesting points, to fully com- 
prehend the scientific as well as the most amusing 
portions of this story. 
And now, my young readers, our fourth volume 
is so full it will be necessary to close it with this 
chapter, and I am glad to be able to give to you in 
the closing pages of a book devoted to the brain 
and nerves such a grand lecture from Sammy upon 
the forces which are employed in performing the 
various wonderful processes and motions of your 
singularly constituted bodies. It is only natural 
curiosity which leads us, when we see some curious 
machinery, to ask how it works. 
When, if ever, I shall report to you more lectures 
by Sammy, or tell you more about the remark- 
able achievements of this precocious lad, time must 
determine. I cannot very well continue a story 
about " Sammy the Boy Doctor, and Sponsie 244 
THE BOY DOCTOR AND 
the Troublesome Monkey" when Sponsie 
Number I is not only dead, but dissected, and his 
companion, Sponsie Number 2, is a deserting sol- 
dier. It would be like asking you to an entertain- 
ment of strawberries and cream when I have no 
cream to set before you. If Sponsie Number 2 
should ever recover from his fright and return to 
the scenes which he has stained with the blood of 
his comrades, I could reopen my series, and have 
the title it bears correspond with the narrative. 
In closing I will simply present a few interesting 
facts : Miss Barkenstir is more than ever fascinated 
with Sammy ; Minnie and her friends think him a 
prodigy ; Mr. Goodlove and his daughter pro- 
nounce the treatment he received at the masked 
party cruel, if not criminal ; old Mr. Johnson enthu- 
siastically declares to all of his friends that Sammy 
shall not need money for his further advancement, 
and Doctor Hubbs has told his pupil that he shall 
be relieved of all household drudgery, if he wishes 
to give more time to study. Doctor Winkles knew 
of the lecture by the bills he saw posted about the 
streets, but was unable to attend in consequence of 
an unexpected professional call; Sammy was not THE TROUBLESOME MONKEY. 
245 
sorry ; the backwoodsman's widow never returned 
for Sponsie Number 2, and nobody knows how the 
little fellow escaped from her on the former visit. 
The remains of Sponsie Number I and of old Blu - 
cher have been carefully deposited by Sammy and 
Esther beneath the very spot where the kennel 
stood so long, and old Mr. Johnson, in his enthusi- 
astic admiration of the young master of these un- 
fortunate pets, has caused a neat marble slab with 
their names engraved thereon to be put in the place 
of the flagging-stone which had for years lain there. 246 
publishers' announcement. 
PUBLISHERS' ANNOUNCEMENT. 
/Qy|frHE story of Sammy and Sponsie seemingly ends with this 
cJ 11 volume. Vol. I. gives a history of Sammy's beginnings, 
c.ll of Sponsie's arrival in this country, and of his career as a 
/ mischief-maker. Vol. II. is humorous with April-fool 
jokes, Monkey tricks, etc. Vol. III. shows how a mis- 
C( g/ chievous animal can turn a well-regulated household upside 
down with sly and cunning tricks. Vol. IV., herewith 
presented, is full of amusing and thrilling incidents. 
This series of four volumes gives a good general knowledge of the 
human body in all excepting that which relates to the organs of 
elimination and reproduction. A supplementary volume upon 
these organs and their functions is now in the hands of the artist 
and printer, and will be issued on or before the first of January, 
1875. In this, the story will be reopened for the presentation of 
these subjects, and this volume will be made uniform in size and 
style, so as to make the series one of five instead of four volumes, 
for those who choose to have it complete in all that relates to the 
human organism. 
In the supplementary volume reproduction is traced through both 
the vegetable and animal kingdoms, and from the lower orders of 
animal life up to the higher, in such a manner as to awaken the 
moral and intellectual faculties of the mind rather than to arouse 
morbid emotions. Ignorance of the reproductive and eliminating 
organs is one of the most common causes of the many ills which 
afflict the human family, and as the causes often begin in childhood 
it would seem only prudent that the parent or guardian should 
place in the hands of children and youth such high-toned works 
upon these subjects as will put them on their guard against injuri- 
ous habits or practices. The author of this series has endeavored to 
make the supplementary volume just such a one as will supply what 
is wanted for this purpose. It may be obtained of the agent 
through whom the set of four volumes is obtained, or by address- 
ing the publishers direct. 
Murray Hill Publishing Company, 
129 East 28th Street, New York. CHAPTER I. 
PAGE 
Sammy Advertised to Deliver a Lecture on the Brain 5 
A Funny Picture Exhibiting the Handbill 6 
Sammy Knows Nothing of It 6 
Doctor Winkles Again Astonished, and Calls on Dr. Hubbs.. 8 
Both Gentlemen Conclude it is Too Late to Interfere 8 
Doctor Winkles Threatens to Attend the Lecture 9 
Doctor Hubbs Begs Him to Stay Away 9 
Doctor Hubbs Finally Thinks His Advice Will Prevail 12 
Sammy Enters, and is Asked About the Advertisement 12 
" Posters! " Gasped Sammy. " Why, What Do You Mean ? " 13 
Explains What Had Passed Between Himself and Mr. Johnson 14 
Is He Prepared to Deliver His Lecture ? 14 
" Why, Sammy! Sammy! " Exclaimed the Doctor 15 
All Leisure Moments to be Devoted to Preparation 16 
Evening of the Lecture! The Crowd Outside the Dispensary. 17 
" See There ! See There ! " Exclaimed the Doctor 18 
Sammy Professes To Feel No Embarrassment 18 
" De Rooms is Chuck Full!" Exclairrted Old Mrs. Tubbs 19 
Doctor Hubbs Speaks to the Crowd Outside 19 
And it Slowly Disperses 20 
CHAPTER II. 248 
TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
PAGE 
Several of Sammy's White Friends are Present 21 
Doctor Winkles Supposed to be Absent 21 
He is Present, Masked and Disguised as a Colored Man 22 
Old Mrs. Burtell and Young Diggles are Present 22 
Old Mr. Johnson Sits Erect and Full of Confidence 23 
Doctor Hubbs Rises and Calls the Meeting to Order 23 
His Affecting Address and Introduction of Sammy 23 
As Sammy Rises There is a Wild Clapping of Hands 24 
In a Tone of Wonderful Self-possession, He Commences 24 
The Brain-What Is the Brain? 26 
Sammy's Opening Remarks Occasion Rapturous Applause.... 28 
He Explains the Two-Brain Theory 29 
And Presents a Picture of the Brain 29 
"Wonderful, Sir! Wonderful, Sir!" Exclaimed Mr. Johnson 31 
Why Some People Have Difficulty in Making Up Their Minds 31 
" This is Very Interesting, Sir! Very Interesting, Sir! " Again 
Exclaimed Old Mr. Johnson 32 
Something Said to Awaken the Applause of the Ladies 33 
A Picture of the Cellular Matter of the Brain 34 
A Picture of the Nerve-fibres of the Brain 35 
Why Our First Impressions Are Generally Most Correct 35 
Applause, Laughter, and an Emphatic "That's So, Sir!" 36 
We Should Educate Both Sides of the Brain 36 
Ways in Which it May be Done 36 
Sammy Takes His Seat Amidst a Perfect Uproar of Applause 36 
Doctor Winkles Disguises His Voice and Asks Questions 37 
Decussation of the Nerves Explained 37 
How the Big Words Affect Sammy's Younger Sister 38 
Winkles Continues to Question the Young Lecturer 38 
"'Spose You Cut Dem Ar Hemispheres All 'Way, What 
Would 'Come ob a Fellar ? " 39 TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
249 
PAGE 
Questions and Answers Continued Between Dr. Winkles and 
Sammy 40 
Old Man Tubbs Guesses That the Stranger is a Canal-boat 
Cook or a Chimney-sweep 41 
The Medulla Oblongata Explained 41 
Sponsie Comes Bounding Into the Lecture-room 42 
Pays His Respects to AU Whom He Knows 42 
And Betrays Doctor Winkles! 43 
The Colored People Angry! Almost a Riot! 44 
Doctor Hubbs Loudly Calls "Order! Order!" 45 
And Excuses His Friend for This Singular Intrusion 45 
A Bitter Pill for the Proud Doctor Winkles 46 
The Tubbs Family Feel Proud of Sammy 47 
The Great Event of the Day at the Home of the Tubbs 47 
CHAPTER III. 
Sammy at His Morning Chores 48 
A Lecturer on the Brain Sweeping the Sidewalk 48 
How Boys Achieve Greatness in This Country 49 
The Examples of Franklin, Lincoln, and Greeley 50 
Sammy and The Two Monkeys Wanted at a Masked Party... 50 
The Doctor Consulted About it, and Mrs. Millstone Explains. 52 
Minnie Biddiewicker's Birthday Anniversary to be Celebrated. 52 
Sammy Can Go at the Close of His Evening Duties 53 
Sponsie No. 2 as a Soldier 54 
The Fun Over the Monkey Training 55 
Sammy Congratulated Upon His Success as a Lecturer 56 
How We Remember What We Learn 58 
Facts and Events Make Nerve-tracks in the Brain 58 
Why We Remember Better What We Learn While Young... 59 250 
TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
PAGE 
Sammy Clearly Explains the Whole Matter 59 
How the Cranial Nerves Reach Forward to Place Us in Com- 
munication with the Outer World 66 
The Nerve-tracks of Neuralgia and Toothache 67 
The Doctor Drives in Haste to Sammy's Dispensary with His 
Pupil, Who is Behind Time 68 
Sponsie Tooting the Dinner-horn for His Tardy Master 68 
He Thinks the Horn Brought Sammy to His Post 69 
CHAPTER IV. 
Sponsie No. I a Poor Soldier to Send to the Front 70 
He is Proud of His Soldier-clothes 72 
But He Don't Care for the Gun 73 
He Hides in Old Bliicher's Kennel 73 
Blucher Picks Up the Gun Between His Teeth 74 
Which Removes Sponsie's Timidity 74 
And He Again Struts Up and Down the Alley 74 
Sammy Reminded of One of George Christy's Plays 75 
Sammy and Esther Nearly Split Their Sides Laughing 76 
Doctor Winkles Calls to Make Explanations 77 
Sammy Feels Rather Coolly Towards Him 77 
Doctor Hubbs and Doctor Winkles Talk About the Brain.... 78 
Is It an Organ for Secreting Thought ? 78 
It Is Only the Instrument of the Soul 79 
We Must Admit the Existence of the Psychic Faculty, or Soul 79 
Sammy an Interested Listener to What the Doctors are Saying 82 
Doctor Winkles Asks His Opinion of the Brain 82 
"Your Head is Level ! " Exclaimed Doctor Winkles 83 
Doctor Winkles Departs 84 
He Leaves with a Sliver in His Psychic Faculty 85 TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
251 
PAGB 
A Boisterous Quarrel in the Kitchen Between Sponsie and 
Bridget 85 
Sammy Knows What is the Matter 87 
"Faith an' Yer Right, Sammy !" Exclaimed Bridget 87 
Some Amusing Scientific Comments About the Affair 88 
CHAPTER V. 
The Military Drill of the Monkeys 90 
The Sham Battle of Shin-bone Alley 91 
The Advance of Sponsie No. 2. (Picture) 92 
The March of Sponsie No. 1. (Picture) 93 
Esther and Blucher with One 94 
Sammy and His Aid-de-camp with the Other 94 
The Laughable Flight of the Two Monkeys on Meeting 95 
A Picture of the Funny Affair 96 
Mrs. Millstone Wants Sammy to Lecture at the Party 98 
" What Could I Lecture About There? " Inquired Sammy.... 99 
Old Mr. Johnson Giving His Opinion. (Picture) 101 
Sammy Will Do as Mr. Johnson and Dr. Hubbs Say 102 
A Lecture on Phrenology Wanted 103 
Doctor Hubbs Gives Some Views Respecting Phrenology 103 
Sammy Thinks It is a Science Rooted in Truth 104 
And Gives His Reasons 104 
Both Doctor Hubbs and Mr. Johnson Are Delighted 105 
And the Former Unfolds His Pupil's Idea Plainly 106 
" Sammy, Your Idea is a Capital One," Said the Doctor 107 
Sammy Decides to Lecture at the Party 108 
Me is to Provide Both Fun and Sober Entertainment 109 
CHAPTER VI. 
The Morning Before the Party no 252 
TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
PAGE 
An Understanding Effected Between the Monkeys m 
They Have Become Familiar with Real Metal Guns in 
The Doctor and Sammy Looking at a Phrenological Chart.... 113 
The Meaning of Pathognomy and Sarcognomy Asked 115 
The Science of Phrenology Explained 115 
Physiognomy Explained 118 
Interesting Experiments on the Face 119 
How the Face Betrays Character 119 
How the Body Also Indicates Character 121 
This Science Called Sarcognomy 121 
The Sympathy Between Brain and Body Fully Explained 123 
Interesting Facts 129 
The Facial Indications of Liability to Disease 131 
The Indications of a Good Constitution 131 
The Facial Indications of Tendency to Insanity 131 
Sponsie No. 2 Taught to be the Subject of a Surgical Farce.. 133 
How He Manages the Trick 133 
This will be Performed at the Masked Party 134 
The Evening of the Masked Party 136 
A Carriage Calls for Sammy at the Dispensary 137 
The Curiosity of the People to Know What It is For 137 
The Curious Comments Upon the Event 138 
Young Diggles Regards Himself Naturally as Bright as Sammy 138 
Starting for the Party. (Picture) 139 
Their Arrival at the Biddiewickers' 139 
" What Odd-looking Folks ! " Exclaimed Minnie 140 
She Knows Nothing of the Matter as Arranged by Her Mother 
and Mrs. Millstone 140 
CHAPTER VII. TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
253 
PAGE 
"They've Come ! They've Come !" Whispered Mrs. Biddle- 
wicker to Mrs. Millstone 140 
The Parlors Filled with Young People in Costume 140 
The Musicians are Set at work 141 
Why the Young People Could Not Hear Well 141 
Their Ears Covered with Paper Masks 141 
What the Curves and Ridges of the Outer Ear are for, and 
Curious Facts Respecting the Ears 142 
The Effect when Sammy and the Two Monkeys Entered 143 
The Sound-waves were Those of Laughter. 144 
Sammy's Commands to the Monkeys Easily Understood in 
Spite of the Noise, and why 145 
Some Think the Monkeys Small Boys in Disguise 145 
The Sham-fight Frightens Many 146 
"It's a Shame! Oh, It's a Shame!" 146 
" One of the Little Creatures is Shot !-is Shot Sure ! " 146 
Sammy Reappears as a Physician 146 
" Why, He's Going to Cut the Leg Off! " 147 
"I Wish I Hadn't Come ! Oh Dear, Oh Dear ! " 147 
The Pathognomy of Each Startled Spectator 147 
The Attitudes of Pleasure, Horror, Disgust, etc 147 
Some Seeing Through the Farce Said it was Cleverly Done.... 148 
Those who Knew that the Foot was Cut Off. 149 
The Eye may Sometimes be Deceived 149 
Nevertheless it is a Marvel of Perfection 150 
Let us Stop to Examine It, and Understand How We See.... 150 
Bad Practices which Injure the Sight 152 
A Secret Worth Knowing for Preserving the Sight 153 
We will Return to the Parlors of the Biddiewickers 153 
The Sponsies and Their Partners 154 
Sammy Having a Good Time with the Peasant-girl 157 254 
TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
PAGB 
I Will Intrust My Readers with a Secret 158 
The Preparation of the Parlors for the Lecture 159 
" Be Quiet ! Sammy Is Speaking ! " 160 
Sammy Is Telling His Audience How They Hear i(wf 
He Gives Them an Original Idea 165 
Dr. Hubbs in the Costume of a Heathen Chinee. (Picture.) 167 
Announcement of Refreshments 170 
The Indian-girl Walks off Proudly with Sammy 171 
The Peasant-girl Disappointed and Remains in the Parlor.... 171 
Unmasking at the Table, and the Surprises 173 
Sammy Does Not Remove His Mask 173 
" Would You Think as Much of Me if I am Black ? " 174 
The Indian-girl's Declaration of Constancy 174 
Mrs. Millstone Playfully Snatches Away Sammy's Mask 175 
His Partner Scornfully Withdraws from the Table 176 
"May I," Asked the Peasant-girl, "Have the Pleasure of Oc- 
cupying this Vacant Chair? " 177 
Clapping of Hands and Tapping of Knifes and Spoons 179 
Sammy Rises and Asks if He Shall Withdraw 179 
" Stay ! Stay ! " Went Around the Table ! 180 
A Young Lawyer Rises and Offers Resolutions 181 
Miss Barkenstir (the Peasant-girl) Calls the Vote 182 
She Becomes the Heroine of the Evening 183 
" Sammy was an Interesting, if not a White, Beau " 184 
The Sponsies Among the Fruits and Nuts 184 
The Carriage Calls for Sammy and the Monkeys 184 
CHAPTER VIII. 
Talk Among Uptown Folk the Next Morning 185 
CHAPTER IX. TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
255 
PAGE 
What People Thought of Sammy's Presence at the Party... 185 
Mr. Barkenstir Applauded the Conduct of His Daughter 186 
Personally He was Prejudiced Against the Colored Race 186 
The Scene in Mr. Barkenstir's Counting-room 188 
The Matter Talked Over in Doctor Hubbs' Office 189 
Stories of Fred Douglass and the Hampton Students 190 
The Story of the Pet Poodle, Illustrated 192 
A Jolly Laugh All Round 193 
The Cerebro-spinal System, Illustrated and Explained 196 
How We Walk Run, Jump, Climb Fences, Etc 196 
Nerves of Motion and Nerves of Sensation 197 
How the Nerve-threads Are Put Together 198 
A Person a Walking Telegraphic Apparatus 199 
The Pneumogastric Nerves Illustrated and Plainly Described.. 200 
Interesting Facts Regarding the Nerves 201 
How We Are Influenced by Joyous or Disagreeable Emotions. 204 
Poor Jim (the Black Cat) Has Nearly Lost One Eye 205 
Sponsie No. 2 the Cause of the Trouble 205 
CHAPTER X. 
Hush ! Be Quiet ! Bad News ! 208 
Must Be Careful How We Communicate Bad News. 209 
Just how the Nerves Are Affected by it 209 
The Tragedy in Shin-bone Alley. (Picture.) 212 
Two Pets Are Shot 213 
The Clamor and Excitement of the Crowd 213 
How the Terrible Affair Must Have Occurred 214 
Where is the Surviving Soldier ? 214 
How Sammy Bears Up Under the Bereavement 215 
He Must Lecture this Evening 215 
Talk About What Babies Have To Learn 217 256 
TABLE OF CONTENTS. 
PAGE 
Some People Never get Used to this World 219 
Sammy's Strange Resolution 221 
He Proposes to Illustrate His Lecture with the Bodies of Old 
Blucher and Sponsie No. 1 221 
The Doctor's Exclamations of Surprise, and Sammy's Reply.. 222 
Sammy's Lecture at Lincoln Hall 225 
Miss Julia Barkenstir Present 226 
The Brain of Sponsie and the Spine of Blucher in a Basket 
Under the Table 227 
Doctor Hubbs Introduces His Pupil to the Audience 228 
Sammy Explaining Sponsie's Brain. (Picture.) 229 
His Eloquent Remarks upon the Brain 230 
Different Kinds of Electricities, and How Produced 230 
Sammy's Theory Regarding the Sense of Touch 235 
An Enthusiastic Round of Applause from the Audience 238 
All Forms of Electricity Exist in the Human Body 238 
Some of Them Unite and Produce Nervous Force 238 
Animal Magnetism May Be the Product of Two or More of 
These Different Forms of Electricity 239 
The " Death-blow to Animal Magnetism" Briefly Considered. 239 
Eleven O'clock Before the Exercises Closed 242 
All Hard Words, Etc., Fully Explained 242 
One Volume of this Series Prepares the Reader for the Next.. 243 
In Closing, I Will Present Some Interesting Facts 244 
Sponsie No. 2 Has Not Returned 244 
The Remains of Sponsie No. 1 and of Old Blucher Buried Be- 
neath the Spot where the Kennel so Long Stood 245 
A Fitting Illustration Closing the Volume 245 
CHAPTER XI.