/ / A/1 ARC 1012 September i, 1920 THE AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH CENTER^ P" A3V + The Spirit of the American Red Cross To prevent today the suffering that it mitigated yesterday so.: 1 orr.c THE AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH CENTER Prepared for RED CROSS CHAPTERS THE AMERICAN RED CROSS WASHINGTON, D. C. THE AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH CENTER 3 FOREWORD The fight against disease is a local fight. Livingston- Farraxd, M. D. The interest of the American Red Cross in Health Service began long before the war through its medical units, its disaster relief work, its department of Town and Country Nursing and its Bureau of First Aid. During the war and during the time since the armistice was signed, thousands of American Red Cross officials have been fighting disease in the war-stricken countries. At the same time tens of thousands of local Red Cross officials have been engaged at home fighting disease—notably, the in- fluenza epidemics. The American Red Cross feels that all this valuable experience in health service at home and abroad should be utilized. It recognizes the urgent need for continued Red Cross health service at home because there are as many as a half a million people dying annually from preventable causes and because more than one-third of the young people of America are victims of physical defects, the greater number of which could easily have been prevented and can now be corrected. Red Cross Chapters everywhere wish to continue their Red Cross labors and chiefly now for the benefit of the people at home. But how? This pamphlet on The American Red Cross Health Center will show how the work of preventing diseases and suffering can be undertaken and conducted. The Health Center herein described is a simple local health enterprise. It is not something so technically forbidding as to place it beyond the possibility of having its usefulness understood and appreciated by the average lay mind. On the con- trary, it will be readily recognized that in this Health Center is represented a health work which any group of lay people can undertake and conduct under the leadership furnished by Division and National offices. This pamphlet is pre- sented, therefore, to meet a demand for a local Red Cross service in which every- body can become deeply interested and play an important part. I t h i: a m i; r i c a n r e d c r o s s h e a l t h c e n t e r outline Chapter I Tin: American Red Choss Health Center—AViiat It Is A Health Promoting Agency ..... 7 A Room and a Worker........ 7 A Clearing House for Health Resources . 7 Service to the Sick.......... 7 Service to the Well ......... 8 Community Center......... 8 Branch Health (enters........ 9 Three Lines of Development..... 9 Chapter II How to Select and Equip a Place Health a Commodity......... 11 Location of Health ('enter.......11 Quarters..............11 Furnishing and Arrangement.....13 Equipment.............14 Chapter III How to Pit People ix Touch with Existlxc; Health Agencies The Most Important Function How Such Information is Obtained How Such Information is Compiled Typical Information Service . . Handbooks of Information ... City, County and State Maps . . 15 15 16 16 17 18 Chapter IV How to Distribute Health Litera- ture Good Business Policy ........19 Health Literature..........19 Pamphlet Plus Person........19 List of Health Pamphlets.......19 How Literature Should be Kept Available 24 Chapter Y How to Carry On ax Active Cam- paign* of Health Education Illustrated Health Lectures......"2.') Lecture Topics on Health......25 Sources of Lantern Slides on Health . '•26 Motion Pictures on Health.....'■27 Health Playlets...........29 Suggested List of Health Playlets . . c29 Publicity..............30 Chapter VI How to Prepare and Conduct Health Exhibits axd Demonstra- tions Health Exhibits...........31 Window Displays..........31 Kinds of Window Displays.....31 Continuous Window Displays .... 32 Temporary Health Exhibits......33 Exhibit Material—Posters and Charts 35 Sources of Such Material......3,5 A Detailed Description of an Exhibit . . 36 An Infant Welfare Exhibit.....36 The Primary Purpose.......36 Wall Panels and Charts ......36 Infant Welfare Demonstrations ... 37 Publicity......... 37 Putting Everybody to Work .... 37 Baby Health Literature ......38 Chapter VII How to Give Health Instruction through Class axd Club Work Class Work........ go Home Hygiene and Care of the Sick . 39 Dietetics....... ^j First Aid......... ^ THE AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH CENTER Health Clubs............40 Mothers' Health Clubs.......43 Little Mothers' Leagues......44 Children's Health Hour ......45 List of Sources of Children's Health Stories.............46 Chapter VIII Growth and Nutrition (links Border-Line Clinics.........47 Malnourished Children........47 Growth Clinics...........48 Attendance at Growth Clinics .... 48 Nutrition Clinics ..........49 Diagnosis of Malnutrition......49 "Free to Grow"..........49 How to Proceed with a Nutrition Clinic 51 Consult Division Director of Health Service.............51 Chapter IX How to Begix Orgaxizixc; a Red Cross Health Center The Chapter Executive Committee ... 52 Health Center Advisorv Council .... 52 The Local Health Officer........V2 Local Doctors and Dentists......53 Officials of Voluntary Health Agencies 53 The Superintendent of Schools 53 Establishing a Health Center.....o^ The Health Center Director......54 Appendix Construction axd Cost How to Make the Literature Tables 58 How to A lake Exhibit Screens.....59 How to Make Guide Posters to go Over Literature Tables.........60 Where the Pictures on the Guide Posters for the Literature Tables Came From . 60 Reproducing Silhouette Drawings ... 61 Wall Space for Exhibit Posters or Panels 61 How to Make a Measuring Board for Babies..............62 Standard Type of Health Center Sign 63 How to Make the Bulletin Board ... 63 Arm Bands for Health Pages.....64 Regular List of Equipment with Cost 64 Complete List of Permanent Signs, Charts and Posters............64 i; T 11 K A M E R I ( A X RE I) C ROSS H E A L T II < E N T K R -I lr\\ J* ■ EXTERIOR VIEW OF AX AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH (ENTER THE AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH CENTER 7 Chapter I THE AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH CENTER WHAT IT IS Health is the greatest of all possessions—a hale cobbler is a better man than a sick king. BlCKERSTAFF A Health Promoting Agency The Red Cross Health Center is a very simple form of health work. Its most elementary conception is that of a place where a few people gather together in the interest of promoting general health. The Red Cross Chapter that has launched upon some undertaking for the promotion of general health is a potential Health Center. When the Chapter has developed a definite program of health education; when, as far as possible, cooperation has been effected with exist- ing public and private health agencies; when a place has been established in which and from which health activities are conducted, then we may consider that we have an actual Red Cross Health Center. A Room and a Worker Such a Red Cross Health Center may be only a room with a volunteer or paid lay worker in charge, yet it can be a most important factor in the prevention of diseases and the promotion of health in the community. In this pamphlet the activities of such a simple one-room Health Center in charge of volunteer lay leadership will be described. In the following chapters are set forth in detail the means and methods to be used to establish and to conduct such a Health Center. In this preliminary statement of "What A Red Cross Health Center Is," some of the major purposes and activi- ties are briefly touched upon. A Clearing House The Health Center is a real clearing house for health resources. It makes it possible for the community to benefit by the accumulated experience of modern medical science. It brings to the com- munity the wisdom and resources of the great public and private health organi- zations. On the other hand, it does not fail to make full use of all local health assets. It does not duplicate established efforts; it supplements them. Service to the Sick The Health Center is of great service to the sick. Where there is not a nurses' registry it keeps a live and up-to-date registry of nurses, both trained and practical. Definite information is made available as to the rates and methods of admission to hospitals for sick and in- jured, to tuberculosis sanatoria, to in- N T II K A M K \i I C A X H K I) C Ii O s S H E A L T H C E N T E l{ I Iki M If a mm :^G 1 - . *> i m -M** ^mm INTERIOR VIEW OF HEALTH CEXTER—FROXT OF ROOM stitutions for the deaf, dumb and blind, the feeble-minded and epileptic. Service to the Well The Health Center is of even greater service to the well, for by means of health education it prevents disease. It conducts special health campaigns to meet local needs. It affords a splendid opportunity to local, state and national health experts and organizations to reach the people. Health exhibits are arranged and high-grade motion pictures on health are procured. The latest and best literature on all health topics is constantly at the command of the Health Center. Every device employed by the social worker for social betterment is used to create an intelligent organized interest in the preservation of health. All of the resources of the American Red Cross are brought to the service of the smallest community through the Health Center. Community Center In the small community the Health Center may well become the center of social and community activities not so directly connected with health work. There may be provided a rest and com- fort room, especially for women and children of country districts when they come to town on shopping visits. Such provisions facilitate informal contacts by many isolated families. The Health Center may also serve as a means to promote the recreational life of the community. It is impossible, of course, to draw a line of demarcation where THE AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH CENTER <) health work stops and recreational work begins. There is perhaps no more important health work than the promotion of health through whole- some play and pastimes, especially in our smaller communities. Branch Health Centers The needs of the outlying Branches should be remembered. While at the headquarters of the Chapter, which is usually located in the largest community of the county, a Health Center should by all means be established, the need for such elementary Health Centers in connection with Branches in the smaller settlements of the county is just as great. The influence of the Chapter headquarters can be considerably in- creased or extended throughout the county by the establishment of small Branch Health Centers in the more remote sections. These Branch Health Centers can be placed entirely under volunteer management, and the exhibits, demonstrations, lectures, etc., of the main Health Center can be repeated at each of the Branches. Three Lines of Development It should be kept in mind that the Health Center herein described is purely an informational and educational Health Center. In this respect the Red Cross is making a unique contribution to public health service. There are three direc- tions in which this Red Cross health service can be developed: one, its activi- ties may be confined exclusively to health information and education ser- L -m INTERIOR VIEW OF HEALTH CENTER—REAR OF ROOM 10 i u i; a m i; K i c a x h i: d < k o s s ii i; a l t h c i; n t i: u vice: two. there can be added to this be added this information and education kind of health service medical activities, service, thus developing a clinic into a such as clinics of which medical workers full-fledged Health ('enter. These last will have charge: and, three, where clinics two possibilities will be considered in a have already been established there can subsequent pamphlet. THE AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH CENTER 11 Chapter II HOW TO SELECT AND EQUIP A PLACE Gold that buys health can never be ill spent. John Webster Health a Commodity Health is a commodity that can be bought and sold. The Red Cross Health (enter is a place of business where health is sold. There are certain busi- ness considerations entering into the establishment of a Health Center that are indispensable for its success. These necessary considerations include the se- lection of the place for the Health Cen- ter, its equipment and arrangement. The following suggestions will be of practical value. Location The proper location of the Health Center should be given careful consider- ation, for it is of prime importance. The following points should be kept in mind in making the selection: 1. The Center should be in the most convenient place for the population which is to be served. Give consideration to local transportation facilities. 2. The room should be on the ground floor with the entrance directly from the street into the Health Center. 3. Consider the use of the Chapter room if it has the above requisites. Do not establish a Center in connection with any other business office. 4. An unused store may provide an ideal location. 5. Do not accept a place merely be- cause it has been donated. It will be poor economy if it is so out of the way that people will not visit it. Quarters A Health (1enter does not require large pretentious quarters to begin with, but do not forget that the quarters must be attractive and well suited to the activi- ties of the Center. A few of the consider- ations are: 1. One small room is more desirable than part of a large room. L2. If part of a room is to be used, the smallest amount of space feasible for the use of a Health Center is fifteen feet by thirty feet. 3. Do not secure more space than can be well furnished. 4. The Health Center must be clean and attractive; there should be ade- quate heating and lighting facilities. 5. To provide for future growth it is advisable to have additional available space adjacent to the Health Center. 6. An unused store is generally well adapted to a Health Center. 7. Considerable wall space is neces- sary for the proper display of posters, charts, maps, etc. \> T II i: A M Ii H 1 C A X H E D (' R () S s II E A L I II C K N T K K oV ^//?C/f /^ STEPEOPTICON AND MOV/E CURTAIN TABLE FOR. EXHIBITS c. T "7° Nr^ TABLE FOR. DEMONSTRA- TIONS ENTRANCE SCALE □ -o FLOOR PLAN OF HEALTH CENTER ROOM THE AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH CENTER 13 Furnishing and Arrangement The Health Center should be well furnished. A barren room is unattrac- tive and gives a sense of loneliness, enticing neither to the worker nor to visitors. A proper arrangement of the furniture will aid materially in the operation of the Center. A few sugges- tions follow: 1. If a portion of the Chapter room is used, the Health Center must be marked off from the rest of the room either by the arrangement of the furniture, a railing or even a partition. 2. A flat top receiving desk should be near the entrance. 3. An oiled wooden floor or one covered with linoleum is easy to keep clean. 4. A telephone is a necessity. 5. A letter file and card index are necessary articles for any good office. 6. Buff or light gray are suitable colors for walls, with white for wood- work. 7. Painted walls are better than pa- pered walls. S. The Health Center should be plainly designated by a sign on the out- side. 9. A neat bulletin board should be placed outside the Health Center. 10. A sign or two on prominent street corners pointing the way to the Health Center and showing the location will be useful. 11. Window displays are effective means of attracting attention. SIPPLY AND LOAN CLOSET 14 T II K A M i; R I C A N R K 1) CROSS UK A L T II C I- N T 1. R Equipment \ cry little special equipment is needed for the elementary Health ('enter. The principal thing necessary, table's for dis- playing public health literature, can be made by any one handy with hammer and saw. These tables should be placed along the walls on the sides of the room, and the health literature should be classi- fied and placed in groups on them. Over each group should be placed a placard as indicated in the illustrations on pages ^O and c23. A design for tables has been carefully worked out, and it is strongly recommended that this design be copied exactly. It has been found that this means of displaying books and literature is better than placing the material on ordinary shelves or flat tables, as it enables the visitor to inspect the mate- rial more easily. Store keepers have found that the goods which are invit- ingly displayed are more readily pur- chased. It is for the same reason that these display tables have been designed in the manner as shown on page 58. Other equipment necessary is as follows: 1. There should by all means be a large wall map of the town, also one of the county and of the state. -2. A map of the United Slates may be useful. 3. Public Health posters should be displayed on the walls, and changed from time to time. 4. It is well worth while to make a neat bulletin board of the type suggested on page 63. 5. A platform scale should be pro- vided and this scale should be equipped with a measuring rod. This scale may be used for growth and nutrition clinics. Children and older people will be inter- ested in comparing their weight with the standard weight for their height. The relation between the two is often an in- dication of health or disease. 6. There should be a Red Cross First Aid Box in each Health Center. The person in charge should know how to use it. 7. A "loan closet" containing such articles as a stretcher, a wheel chair, back rests and material and utensils that local merchants may not ordinarily keep in stock may be maintained. + HEALTH CENTER COMING Dr. J. Stone Wed.May30*h20 ALL WELCOME THE AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH CENTER 1.5 Chapter III HOW TO PUT PEOPLE IN TOUCH WITH EXISTING HEALTH AGENCIES Sympathy without knowledge is warmth without light. The Most Important Function The most important function of the Health Center is to give out health infor- mation. There are public departments and institutions and private organiza- tions and institutions established and maintained for sick and defective peo- ple, yet very little is known about these agencies by citizens. Definite and accu- rate information is not readily available as to where these agencies are located, when and how they may be used, and upon what conditions and by what methods people may be admitted to institutions conducted by them. The average person is usually not well in- formed on the fine points of health and sanitary laws and ordinances of his community. Few people know where to turn to secure the services of a trained or practical nurse. A large number of people do not know when it is necessary to consult a physician or where a clinic may be found. The Red Cross Health Center, as the unofficial health agency of the great body of common folk, will be their general information bureau on public health matters. How Such Information is Obtained When the Health Center is estab- lished, the Health Center director will at once begin to correspond with the State Health Department and obtain all the available information on the health conditions of the community and on state health laws; and she will request that the Health Center be placed upon the mailing list of the Health Depart- ment for current reports and literature. She will call on the local Health Officer and constantly consult with him on local health conditions, regulations, activities and institutions. She will write the Sec- retary of the State for reports on state institutions for the sick and the defec- tive. She will correspond with the heads of these institutions as to conditions, methods and possibility of admissions to these institutions. She will consult the Division Office and the local Health Officer as to state and local health laws and ordinances. She will consult the county authorities with reference to county institutions and health and sani- tary measures. She will obtain from the Health Service Department of the Divi- sion Office of the American Red Cross the names and addresses of private health agencies operating in her state. She will obtain from the officials of these organizations information on what practical service they are ready to give. She will learn all about local municipal 1(i T II i: A M i: R I < A \ R E I) C R C) s s II K A L T II ( E N T K R and private institutions and societies. such as hospitals, clinics, and public health nursing service. In localities where there is no nurses' registry she will obtain the names and addresses of all the trained and the practical nurses available for private bedside nursing. How Such Information is Compiled After securing all this information, the Health Center director will make a card file directory of the state, county and city departments, organizations and institutions. She will arrange these al- phabetically under their proper headings —-state. couxty, city—and show on the card the name of each health agency, the address, the telephone number, the office hours, the names of persons in charge and of department heads, and just a line or two on powers, duties and character of service. She will make an- other arrangement of this information alphabetically under a topical index as to type of service or need; such as ALCOHOL AND DRUG ADDICTIONS BLIND NKSS CANCER CHILDREN CONVALESCENTS DEAF EYE, EAR, NOSE AND THROAT For example, under tuberculosis she will place all the names of available agencies dealing with the tuberculous, as follows: TUBERCULOSIS Clinic City Dispensary, (Jay and Brown Sts.—- Phone 1674 Children—Saturdays, 3-5 p. m. Women—Thursdays, 2-4 p. in. Women ('employed)—Tuesdays. ? 9 p. m. Men-Mondays. 7-9 p.m. Registration fee twenty-five cents. Committee, Local Th. Mrs. Amies Sawyer. Chairman Residence—56S Poplar Street. Phone 653:2 Fresh Air Camp (Children). Brownsville Road. Phone Marion ;>(>? Free to children of county Mrs. Gertrude Smith, Matron Mrs. Mildred Cook, Chairman Residence—"2311 Wells Avenue. Phone 4513 Xur.se, Tb. Miss Hilda Philbrook Office, City Dispensary. Phone 1674 Office hours, daily 8:30-9:30 a. m. Open Air School. Horace Mann School, 14th and Lansing Dr. Walter Shipp, Medical Examiner Office—Room L2(J Boswell Bldg. Phone 1531 Office hours. 8-9 a. m. and 4-5 p. m. Residence—63 Jamison Street. Phone 1618 State Sanatorium. Brightwood Dr. J. Harold McDonald, Supt. Indigent patients apply to Township Trustee Pay Patients, Ten Dollars per week. Apply to Supt. County allotment, four beds Typical Information Service If Airs. Brown, then, comes to the Health Center and states that she thinks her well water isn't right, and asks how she may have this water tested, the Health Center director will be prepared to give this information immediately. If Air. Jones' brother has tuberculosis and Mr. Jones wants to know where he could have him placed in a sanatorium, what it would cost, etc., the Health Center director will be able to give him at once this information. If Alary Smith, who is a high school senior, wants to write an essay on school hygiene, she naturally turns to the Health Center for such infor- THE AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH CENTER 1? INFORMATION DESK mation and promptly gets it. If Airs. Black comes to the Health ('enter to ascertain how she can have the Evans children, who have whooping cough at their house, stopped from playing with her children, she is at once referred to the Health Officer. If Air. Baker phones that his wife has suddenly become ill and wants to know where he can get a prac- tical or a trained nurse, he will immedi- ately be given the names and addresses of nurses available, or the address of the local nurses' registry. Handbooks of Information Health Center workers will bear in mind that National and Division offi- ces are compiling National and State Handbooks of Information on social resources, nation-wide health agencies, public and private, and agencies less than nation-wide but covering more than a single community. The fullest possible use should be made of these handbooks as soon as they are available, and of the material being collected by National and Division offices before the handbooks themselves are published. It should also be remembered that National and Division offices will have on file much information in addition to that included in the Handbooks, and that Division offices are eager to place this material at the disposal of Chapters. IS T II K A M K UK A X RED ( City, County and State Maps The Health ('enter director will find it of great practical use to have on the wall, maps of her city, county and state with the location of every institution clearly indicated with colored pins or designs. She will need the maps not only for her own convenience, but also to help the inquirer to get his proper bear- ings. To a tuberculous patient, for example, who is not altogether decided ROSS II K A I, T II C i; X T K K that he wants to go to the State Sana- torium, she can point out on the map the exact location of that institution, "which is beautifully situated about seventy-five miles from your town on the D. II. & I. Railroad, and therefore near enough for relatives to visit you occasionally." In the same way on the city or county map the exact location of a hospital or clinic may be pointed out, and information given as to how to get there. THE AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH CENTER 19 Chapter IV HOW TO DISTRIBUTE HEALTH LITERATURE The healthy know not of their health, but only the sick. Carlyle Good Business Policy A resourceful Health Center director will not wait until people call indi- vidually at the Health Center for health information. She will stimulate constant demand for health information; she will provoke inquiry. If it is good business policy for the patent medicine manu- facturer to spend thousands upon thou- sands of dollars to create a large demand for his wares through advertising, then it should be good business policy for the Health Center director to create a larger demand for preventive medicine through the distribution of health litera- ture. Health Literature When we think of education we usually have in mind book-education. Still we know that the printed word by itself, without personal guidance and inspiration, seldom is sufficient to pro- duce the desired results; therefore, guid- ance and inspiration must be added. Hundreds of excellent health pamphlets have been published by health depart- ments, bureaus and organizations, but while these printed messages have been most excellent in themselves, the proper messengers have often been lacking. The Red Cross Health Center will serve as a splendid medium through which not only such health literature can be dis- tributed, but through which also the personal guidance and inspiration can be provided by the Health Center work- ers. These resourceful Health Center workers will not be satisfied merely with the general distribution of so many hun- dreds of health pamphlets each month, but will employ such means and methods as will make each piece of health litera- ture count for better health in the com- munity. Pamphlet Plus Person For example, when Mrs. Smith calls at the Health Center to ascertain how she can have her boy admitted to the tuberculosis sanatorium, the Health Cen- ter director giving the desired informa- tion will at the same time show Mrs. Smith a few pamphlets on how to pre- vent and protect against tuberculosis, perhaps read a few striking passages, and give these pamphlets to Mrs. Smith to take home. This method of distribut- ing health literature with personal ad- vice will be followed by the Health Center director with regard to any other health question in which people may be or should be directly interested. List of Health Pamphlets The following is a carefully prepared list of pamphlets which should be in 20 T HE A M I! RICA X If K I) CROSS II E A C T H C K X T K R A LITERATURE TABLE every Red Cross Health Center for distribution to the public. These publi- cations are issued by various depart- ments of the Federal Government and by other national organizations. This valuable health material will be fur- nished free of charge, except in a few eases where otherwise noted. The cost in time and money for the preparation of this health information has been enor- mous. Therefore, it is exceedingly im- portant that it be placed in ways that will insure its greatest usefulness. This list will be published in a separate leaflet with Order Blanks which can be ob- tained by Red Cross Chapters from their Division Office. Seroeox General, U. S. Public Health Service, Washington, D. C: Keep Well Series Xo. 1 The Road to Health No. 2 Adenoids No. 3 How to Avoid Tuberculosis Xo. 4 Diphtheria No. .) The Safe Vacation No. 6 Cancer Xo. 7 Vaccination Xo. 8 Motherhood Xo. 9 Breast-Feeding Her Baby Xo. 10 Bottle-Feeding for Babies Xo. 11 Malnutrition Supplements Xo. 1 Measles Xo. 8 Trachoma Xo. 10 Care of the Baby Xo. 16 Summer Care of Infants Xo. 18 Malaria Xo. 21 Scarlet Fever No. 24 Exercise and Health Xo. 30 Common Colds Xo. 31 Safe Milk Xo. 34 Spanish Influenza Public Health Bulletins Xo. 32 Hookworm disease THE AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH CENTER 21 Xo. 36 Nature and Prevention of Tubercu- losis No. 48 Pellagra Xo. 68 Safe Disposal of Human Excreta Xo. 69 Typhoid Fever No. 70 Good Water for Farm Homes No. 98 Health Almanac No. 102 Home-made Milk Refrigerator Xo. 103 The Rat Public Health Reprints Xo. 100 Whooping Cough Xo. 412 Hay Fever Xo. 504 Sewage from the Single House Xo. 517 Is your Community Fit? Xo. 518 Mental Hygiene Leaflet for Teachers Xo. 545 Treatment of I lav Fever Venereal Diseases Bulletins Xo. 1 Keeping Fit Xo. 6 Man Power Xo. 8 On Guard (for women) Xo. 32 The Parents' Part Xo. 45 Keeping Fit (for young men) Xo. 48 How to fight Venereal Diseases in Vour City Chief, I. S. Children's Bureau, Washington D. C: Dodgers Xo. 1 Good Books and Pamphlets on Child Care Xo. 2 Care of the Mother Xo. 3 Is Your Child's Birth Recorded? Learn the Rules of Health Follov them tiiigs National Tibercllosis Association-, 381 Fourth Avenue, New York, N. Y.: Sleeping and Sitting in the Open Air What You Should Know about Tuberculosis To the Children of America How Literature Should Be Kept Available How can this health literature be kept available at the Health (enter? Red Cross Chapters have had ample experi- THE AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH CENTER 25 Chapter V HOW TO CARRY ON AN ACTIVE CAMPAIGN OF HEALTH EDUCATION Our national health is physically our greatest asset. To prevent any possible deterioration of the American stock should be a national ambition.—Roosevelt Illustrated Health Lectures Another important method of inter- esting people in health is to give series of health talks. Such health talks by the Health Officer, prominent doctors and dentists in the community and by out- side health experts may be given at the Health Center itself. It may also be arranged with the school authorities to have these health talks given at the schools. Women's Clubs and other organizations may be interested in in- cluding health subjects on their pro- grams. Mass meetings may be worked up on important phases of community health. Red Cross Juniors may be used as Health Pages in distributing dodgers and acting as ushers. Sets of stereopticon slides and even health films may be used to illustrate the lectures. Lecture Topics on Health The following is a suggested list of topics for health lectures: The High Road to Health—general lecture on good health. How to be Stronger and Live Longer—personal hygiene and the healthy conduct of life. The High Cost of Dying—what it costs to be sick and the value of preventing disease. Home Hygiene and Care of the Sick—precau- tions to be used in the home to prevent sick- ness and care for it. Disease on the Wing—insects, such as mosqui- toes, flies, fleas, lice, which carry disease. Man and the Microbe—the relation of germs to human beings. Danger Signals of Life—diseases of adult life and how to grow old comfortably. Plain Facts about Cancer. Keeping Fit—sex hygiene. Social Hygiene—how to prevent venereal dis- eases in the community. The Captain of the Men of Death—dealing with tuberculosis. Child Welfare—dealing with the care of the baby and the mother. Health in the School—how to prevent disease and keep well in school. The Public Health Nurse—her work and duties. Food and Common Sense—how to get the most value out of eating. Production of Pure Milk—the four essential fac- tors in getting a pure milk supply. The role of the dairy, the people and the health de- partment. The Care of the Teeth—the preventive value of good dentistry. Robbing the Public—the dangers of patent medicines, nostrums, and quack doctors. First Aid to the Injured. Prevention of Accidents in the Factory — principally for industrial workers. 2(i T II E A M E K I ( A \ RED CROSS HE A L T II (' E \ T E R Why Worry? A lecture on keeping cheerful. The effect of worry on health and a discus- sion of mental hygiene. Human Engineering- a talk on anatomy and physiology, mixed with some personal hygiene. Sanitary Science and the Public Health a de- scription of past and present sanitation and general public health work. The importance of the health department. The Romance of Sanitary Science an historical account of the development of sanitation. The Red Cross Health Service a description of the aims, ideals, and accomplishments of the Red Cross in health work. Sources of Lantern Slides on Health The following is a list of sources of lantern slides which may be used to illustrate talks and lectures or for exhi- bition purposes: U. S. Public Health Service, Washington, D. C, has over 2.500 views in its stereopticon loan library, which may be borrowed. A catalog and all data concerning them can be obtained from the Y. S. Public Health Service. 1. S. Children's Bureau, Washington, I). C, has slides on care of the baby and child labor. Sent free, but transportation to be paid by borrower. ««K \ \ *B illustrated health lecture 69 T H E A M E R I C A N R E D C R () S S H E A L T II C E X T E R RED CROSS JUNIORS ACTING AS HEALTH PACiES American Child Hygiene Association, 1211 Cathedral Street, Baltimore, Md., has slides on child hygiene. American Posture League, 1 Madison Avenue, New York City, has slides on posture and will send lists on application. American Society for the Control of Cancer, 25 West Forty-fifth Street, New York City, has slides on cancer. National Child Labor Committee, 105 Fast Twenty-second Street, New York City, has sets of slides on child labor. National Committee for the Prevention of Blindness, 130 East Twenty-second Street, New York City, has slides on the subject of blindness. National Safety Council, 166 North Michigan Avenue, Chicago, 111., has slides on accident prevention. National Organization for Public Health Nurs- ing, 150 Fifth Avenue, New York City, has slides on nursing and child welfare. Slides may also generally be obtained from the State Department of Health, and there are many commercial firms which sell or rent them. The advice of Division Headquarters of the Red Cross should be obtained with regard to slides. Motion Pictures on Health The following is a list of motion pic- ture films on health subjects, which are recommended as suitable for use in a Health Center. These may be secured from the producing agency. 2S T II E A M E R I C A X R ED C R O S S H E A L T H (' E X T E R Winning Her Way. Produced by the American Red Cross. This picture deals with public health nursing. Two reels. Every Swimmer a Life-Saver. Produced by the American Red Cross. It shows in the simplest and yet the most lucid way, the latest and most approved methods of rescue and resusci- tation. One reel. In Florence Nightingale's Footsteps. Produced by the American Red Cross. This film shows the training of a nurse of today in classroom, operating room and medical and children's wards. One reel. Our Children. Produced by the Y. S. Children's Bureau, Washington, D. C. It shows examin- ing, weighing and measuring of children, de- picts the organization of a child welfare sta- tion, and indicates correct methods to be employed. It consists of two reels and takes forty minutes to show. An Equal Chance. Produced by the National Organization for Public Health Nursing, 156 Fifth Avenue, New York City. It illustrates the work of the public health nurse and has an interesting story running throughout. It is based on rural conditions during the influenza epidemic. Two reels. It may be rented or purchased. The National Tuberculosis Associa- tion, 381 Fourth Avenue, New York City, rents the following at seventy-five cents per day per reel, transportation extra: The Priceless Gift of Health. A film on child hygiene (including school hygiene), showing how7 a child is handicapped by neglect in infancy. One reel, requiring about fifteen minutes. The Price of Human Lives. A film exposing the evil effects of quack medicine and the benefits of proper treatment. Jinks. An animated cartoon on health habits and tuberculosis. A good humorous film. One reel. The Modern Health Crusade. The Lone Game. A story about two consumptives and their search for health. The Great Truth. A story about tuberculosis. Two reels. The C. S. Public Health Service has available the following: War on the Mosquito. A new film produced by The Y. S. Public Health Service and the U. S. Reclamation Service, Washington, I). C. May be obtained from the former. An in- teresting and excellently filmed picture. The House Fly. The Mosquito. Two films produced by the Y. S. Public Health Service, Washington, I). C and loaned without charge. One reel each. These films are in considerable demand and must be booked several months in advance. The following are distributed by com- mercial firms: The Long vs. the Short Haul. Distributed by the National Motion Pictures Company, Indian- apolis, Ind. It shows the importance of breast feeding of babies. The Bat Menace. Distributed by the National Motion Pictures Company, Indianapolis, Ind. Shows the habits of the rat, how they spread disease and how to exterminate them. Through Life's Windows. Distributed by the Worcester Film Corporation, 145 West Forty- fifth Street, New York City. Shows the anatomy of the eye, defects of vision and remedies. An interesting picture. Films on Social Hygiene can be ob- tained from the American Social Hygiene Association, 105 West Fortieth Street, New Y/ork City. Films on Accident Prevention can be obtained from the National Safety Coun- cil, 166 N. Michigan Avenue, Chicago. Films, especially on social hygiene, can generally be obtained from the State Departments of Health. The Division Headquarters of the Red Cross should also be consulted on the matter of films. THE AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH CEXTE 2!) HEALTH PLAYLET Health Playlets A most attractive method of interest- ing people in health is through the health playlet. Although the preservation of health is a very vital question with the Health Center management, it does not necessarily follow that people in general take such a deep interest in the preser- vation of their own health. Their inter- est must be awakened and stimulated. Nothing will accomplish this so effec- tively as by having children take part in health playlets. Parental pride will bring fathers and mothers to a little health play when no other means could possibly induce some of them to come. It is possible to bring home, through such a playlet, health and sanitary lessons to people who are otherwise indif- ferent and therefore need them most. The following list of health playlets has come to the attention of the Red Cross. It is hoped that health workers with talent for writing will add to this list. Suggested List of Health Playlets The National Tuberculosis Associa- tion, 381 Fourth Avenue, New York 30 T II K A M i; I{ I C A X \i EI) C K O S S H E A L T II C E X T E K City, issues a ])amphlet entitled The Plays the Thing, which outlines fifteen health plays. These plays may be purchased for one cent a copy. Some other playlets are as follows: The Magic Basket. Northern Division, American Red Cross, Minneapolis, Minn. J Pageant in the Interest of Good Health. Dis- tributee! by the Iowa Tuberculosis Association, Des Moines, Iowa. Our Friends the Foods. Brooklyn, N. Y., Bureau of Charities. Ten Little Germs. Reprinted in the Survey. March 29, lf)2(). Well Babies. Little Mothers' League, Public School No. 15, New York City. The Care of Precious Things. Printed in the Journal of Home Economics, May, 1919. A play on food values. The Child Health Organization, 156 Fifth Avenue, New York City, has Health Clowns and a Health Fairv who give health demonstrations to children. See the Red Cross Magazine for Novem- ber, 1919. for an interesting story about "Cho Cho, the Health Clown." Publicity It should be kept in mind that the success of lectures and playlets is largely dependent upon the amount and kind of publicity obtained for them. News- paper editors can be greatly interested, providing the information is furnished them in time and in fairly complete and usable form. A health talk, "boiled down" in writing to a few hundred words and placed in the hands of editors a day or two before it is given, will receive favorable attention and space. Official information about outside speakers and personal incidents are appreciated. Brief descriptions of playlets with the names of the children taking part will always be welcome. HE AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH CENTER '51 Chapter VI HOW TO PREPARE AND CONDUCT HEALTH EXHIBITS AND DEMONSTRATIONS Health lies in labor and there is no royal road to it except through toil.—Wendell Phillips Health Exhibits The most attractive way in which people can be interested in health pres- ervation is through health exhibits. The printed page of the health pamphlet and the spoken word of the health lecture do not bring home to the people in as graphic a manner a health fact, or a series of health facts, as does the health exhibit with its illustrations and demon- strations by object and picture. The Red Cross Health Center, therefore, will make constant and extensive use of the health exhibit as a most essential method of interesting people in their own health. The Health ('enter offers three possi- bilities for health exhibits: one, the permanent exhibit of literature and posters as explained in Chapter IV; an- other, the use of the Health Center window space for continuous window displays; and a third, a series of temporary health exhibits in a portion of the Health Center room set aside for this purpose. Window Displays It has been stated before that health is a commodity that can be bought and sold, and that the Red Cross Health Center, therefore, is a health business. If the Health ('enter management will proceed upon this principle and be as enterprising as the wide-awake mer- chant, it will make advantageous use of its Health Center window space. Health, like any other commodity, is not easily sold to people who think that they are pretty well supplied with this article. It is just as essential, therefore, for the Health Center as it is for the merchant to use every proper device to secure customers who are always attracted by pleasing and instructive health window displays. Two Kinds of Window Displays There are two kinds of window dis- plays: one, a window display attempt- ing to be in itself a fairly complete presentation of a health subject; the other, showing but a relatively small feature of a larger health exhibit inside the Health Center room. The illustration shown on page 33 is an example of the complete window display on the Malarial Mosquito. Attention is called to the fact that by the addition of a small aquarium in which "wiggle-tails" are seen to disport themselves, this still poster display is transformed into a lire, animated display that tempts peo- ple to stop, to look, to read, and to heed. An example of the small-feature window display is shown in the illustration on I H E A M i; R I ( A X H E D ( R O s s H E A L T II ( K X T E H this j)age. It shows a small feature of a big question How to assure a pure milk supply to the community. In the Health Center room a more comprehen- sive exhibit of all the various elements entering into this question is given. This small window display is intended primarily to arouse curiosity which can be satisfied only when the person steps inside to learn what else, besides the milk pail, stands between him and the cow, between good health and disease. Continuous Window Displays In order to retain the interest of passers-by. the window display should be changed weekly. It is also possible to re-arrange a window display now and then. For ambitious window displays. mechanical devices may be constructed, bought or borrowed. Such firms as the Chas. Beseler Co., 131 East -23rd Street, New York City, and the Educational Exhibition Company, 331 Custom House Street, Providence, R. I., construct inter- esting mechanical devices. Some State Health Departments have certain of these mechanical devices as well as other models and displays on hand, which may be borrowed by the Health Center. The Health Service Department at National Headquarters has prepared a list of P «jl\CMi REo'c. &A Betveen^bu and the Cov stands the Milk A WIXDOW DISPLAY THE AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH CENTER ANOTHER WINDOW DISPLAY about one hundred suggestions for win- dow displays. Chapters may obtain this list from the Division Director of Health Service. Temporary Health Exhibits The following is a suggested list of exhibits on health. These exhibits are chosen because the material is not difficult to obtain and also because they illustrate the more important subjects which should be used. The assistance of the local and State Health Departments, the government health agencies, Red Cross Division headquarters, local, state and national health associations, local medical and dental societies, civic or- ganizations and the schools should be called upon in making up these exhibits. 1. Infant Welfare. Showing the importance and proper methods of prenatal care, birth regis- tration, breast-feeding, care of the baby, and other phases of infant welfare. May extend over several weeks and be displayed in sections. 2. School Hygiene. Showing the importance of medical inspection, proper posture, proper school lunches, health habits and other phases of school hygiene. 3. Milk. Showing the value of milk as a food, its sanitary production by attention to clean- liness of milker, clean cows, sterile utensils, the small top pail, immediate cooling and proper bottling. Also the importance of proper :U T II E A M ERICA X K E I) C R O S S H E A I, T II C E X T E H pasteurization in the ])revention of milk-borne diseases. t. Foods. Showing what and how to eat. A well-balanced diet. What not to eat, etc. .'). Control of Disease. Showing how to avoid infection. The importance of hygiene and sani- tation, of reporting and quarantine. Disease carriers. Vaccination. This subject may be extended over several weeks and individual diseases such as diphtheria, trachoma, pellagra, small pox, scarlet fever, influenza, malaria, etc., taken up. (). Tuberculosis. Showing its cause, spread, prevention, and cure. 7. The Yenereal Diseases. Showing how they are caused, spread, cured, prevented. How the community can cope with them. S. Cancer. Showing what it is and the need for early diagnosis and treatment. !). Diseases of Adult Life. Showing how to live to prevent such organic diseases as heart trouble, apoplexy, Bright's disease, rheumatism, etc. I low to giow old comfortably. 10. Personal Hygiene. Showing the general hygienic rules of life. How to care for the eyes. teeth, hair, feet, what to wear, the importance ' of fresh air, bathing, sleep, freedom from worry, etc. 11. Safety First and First Aid. Showing how to avoid accidents, the dangers of carelessness. and what to do in case of injury or emergency. 1-2. Sanitation. Showing the importance of pure water, safe disposal of sewage and waste. eradication of nuisances. The relation of typhoid fever to sanitation. The sanitary privy, flies, etc. 13. Insects and Disease. Showing how malaria is carried by the mosquito, typhoid by the fly, plague by the rat-flea, etc. How to eliminate these insects. It. The Public Health Xurse. Showing the scope and importance of her work. A TEMPORARY HEALTH EXHIBIT T H E AMERICAN; RED CROSS HEALTH CENTER -r—"—"^XTcross Health Center American ^^'P** munity a healthier place i - to make the community 111 - - — - DEMONSTRATION OF MILK MODIFICATION 15. Bed Cross Service. Showing what the Red Cross does for health, and other activities. Exhibit Material—Posters and Charts Much of the poster and chart material for health exhibits may be bought or borrowed from various organizations and departments. The following is a list of sources of such exhibit material. It is urged, however, that Chapters first consult the Division Health Ser- vice and Publicity Departments as to such material now on hand and available to the Chapters. The Division Health Service Department will furnish from time to time practical suggestions, if not actual material, for various health ex- hibits. After a number of Red Cross Health Centers have been established in any district, it may be possible for the Division Health Service Department to arrange a circuit of such health exhibits, and thus be of great assistance to each local Chapter and Branch. Sources of Such Material 1. State and Local Health Departments. -I. Bed Cross Division Headquarters. 3. U. S. Public Health Service, Washington, D. C 4 cloth posters on malaria, 1 poster on the house fly. 4. U. S. Children's Bureau, Washington, 1). C. 12 panels, 20 x 40 inches, on infant wel- fare. 30 T II I. AMERICA X R EI) (ROSS H E A L T II C E X T E R 5. I . S. Bureau of Education. Posters on "Health, Strength and Joy," Height and Weight Charts. 0. V. S. Department of Agriculture, States Relations Service, charts on food values. 7. American Medical Association, 535 North Dearborn Street, Chicago, 111. 1.5 charts on baby welfare. 47 cartoons for public health exhibits. 8. American Social Hygiene Association, 105 West Fortieth Street, New York City—several sets of posters on venereal diseases. Catalog gives list. 9. American Posture League, 1 Madi- son Avenue, New York City. 5 posters on posture. 10. JEtna Life Insurance Co., Hart- ford, Connecticut. Many pos- ters on health subjects, 8 x 10 inches. 11. Association for Improving the Condition of the Poor, 105 East Twenty- second Street, New York City. Charts on food, -Si.50 a set of 6 or more. 12. Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., 1 Madison Avenue, New York City. Many 8x10 inch posters on health. 13. Xational Child Welfare Association, 70 Fifth Avenue, New York City. 25 panels on child hygiene, Catalog 50 cents. 14. Xational Tuberculosis Association, 381 Fourth Avenue, Xew York City. Chart on tuberculosis, free. 15. Xational Council of Health Education, 525 West 120th Street, Xew York City. 58 charts on child welfare (catalog). 16. Xational Safety Council, 166 North Michi- gan Avenue, Chicago, 111. Many 8 x 10 inch posters on accident prevention. 17. Xatio?ial Committee for the Prevention of Blindness, 130 East Twenty-second Street, Xew York City. 4 posters, eye accidents in industries; 5 posters, babies' sore eyes. 18. Xational Child Labor Committee, 105 East Twenty-second Street. Xew York City. 9 exhibits on child welfare. 19. Xational Organization for Public Health Xursing, 15(5 Fifth Avenue, Xew York City. 1 poster 14x18^4 inches on the public health nurse. 20. Prudential Life Insurance Co., Xewark, Xew Jersey. Many small statistical charts. A Detailed Description of an Exhibit In order to picture more clearly the steps to be taken in the preparation of special health exhibits, one of these exhibits is described below somewhat in detail. This description shows as well what use can be made of local talent and resources. AX INFANT WELFARE EXHIBIT The Primary Purpose The primary purpose of an Infant Welfare Exhibit is to give authoritative information to mothers on the care of babies: When to feed the baby. How to feed the baby. What to feed the baby. Howr to clothe the baby. When and how to bathe the baby. Sleeping arrangements. Plain, unpainted toys. Baby killers—long tube bottles, flies, etc. Scales for weighing baby. Good and bad baby carriages. Any good ideas for the care of babies, before and after birth. Wall Panels and Charts Attractive wall panels and charts if not otherwise available should be pre- pared on the above subjects. Only one idea should be set forth on each panel and in brief but striking phraseology. THE AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH CENTER Local artistic talent should be called upon to assist in making the panels. One way of making posters attractive would be to have the subject illustrated with appropriate pictures found in magazines. Requests for magazines with attractive pictures should be made of women's clubs and of the schools, and through the newspapers. The local Health Officer and local doctors, nurses, and dietitians should be consulted for authoritative statements. The Department of Health Service at Division Headquarters in cooperation with the Publicity Bureau will also be of assistance to the Health Center for suggestions in the preparation of panels. While all the paraphernalia demanded for a modern classic exhibit may not be available in town, it is sur- prising what a little ingenuity applied to working out a good idea can accomplish. For example, a Red Cross publicity director wanted to chart the conditions of the roads of a certain rural county. Nothing in the way of standard chart supplies was available in the little town, so he obtained at a dry goods store pieces of yarn of different colors, a number of buttons of various sizes and colors, and some ordinary pins. With this material he made his chart, graphic- ally portraying the conditions of the county roads, black yarn representing bad roads, blue yarn fair roads, and red yarn good roads. Schools were desig- nated by dark trouser buttons, churches by lighter shirt but- tons, and so on. The chart attracted special attention by reason of its unique display of yarn and buttons, and it told its story just as graphically as a chart prepared by an expert exhibitor could have done with all the standard material at hand. Infant Welfare Demonstrations At an Infant Welfare Exhibit, demon- strations should be given of the various modifications of milk and of home pas- teurization of milk. Using a large doll for the purpose, demonstrations should be given on how to handle, clothe and bathe the baby. Merchants should be asked for the loan of various baby ar- ticles, which should be placed on display at the exhibit. The displays should be adequately explained by small placards and great care should be exercised in the selection of the articles. A committee of those thoroughly conversant with infant welfare needs should be appointed to make the selections. Publicity A program of lectures on infant wel- fare by doctors should be prepared. Stereopticon slides and a motion picture film on child welfare should be secured through the State Board of Health or Division headquarters. Every step in the development of the exhibit should be written up for the newspapers. An- nouncements should be prepared for all public gatherings. Attractive window cards for the stores should be made. Arrangements should be made for school classes to visit in a body the exhibit; also women's clubs and other societies. Putting Everybody to Work Of course, the great secret of keeping up the interest of as many people as possible is to give as many as possible some- thing to do. The use of the SS T II E A M E RICA X R E I) CROSS II E A L T II C E X T E H local health experts and of local artists has been mentioned. Local doctors should be asked to lecture. Women able to demonstrate the preparation of baby food* and the pasteurization of milk should be interested. Women familiar with infant welfare needs should be asked to serve on a committee to select various baby articles. Men handy with hammer and saw should be asked to do the necessary carpentry work. Mer- chants should be asked to make special displays of baby wares in their show windows during the exhibit. Window trimmers should be asked to cooperate with the Exhibit Committee. As many people and firms as possible should be asked to donate things that are needed. Junior Red Cross members should be asked to serve as Health Pages. News- paper editors, of course, should be inter- ested to give generous publicity. Owners of motion picture theaters should be asked to show special announcements of the exhibit. Preachers and teachers should be asked to make announcements in churches and schools. Baby Health Literature A generous supply of baby health literature should be on hand for distribu- tion. It may be possible to go over the birth records for the past two years. obtain the names and addresses of families where there are babies, and send these families special invitations. Great care should be exercised, however, to check up such a list with the death records so that the horrible mistake (which has in fact been made) may be avoided of sending invitations to families that have lost their babies. More com- plete information on Child Welfare Ex- hibits may be obtained from a pamphlet issued by the I . S. Children's Bureau, Washington, D. C, entitled, "Child Welfare Exhibits—Types and Prepara- tion.1' (Bureau Publication No. 14.) THE AMERICAN RED CROSS HE A L T II C E N T E R 39 Chapter VII HOW TO GIVE HEALTH INSTRUCTION THROUGH CLASS AND CLUB WORK Health instruction is even more important than health legislation. Class Work The Red Cross has three Bureaus or- ganized at National and Division head- quarters to assist Red Cross Chapters in conducting classes in Home Hygiene and Care of the Sick, Dietetics, First Aid. When the Chapter establishes a Health Center these Red Cross activities should be conducted in the Red Cross Health ('enter. The Health Center direc- tor should stimulate interest in courses in these subjects and encourage the organi- zation into classes of those desiring to take advantage of them. Supplies and permanent equipment needed for such courses should always be on hand. The establishment of a Health (enter, there- fore, should stimulate greater interest in these Red Cross activities. Home Hygiene and Care of the Sick The classes in Home Hygiene and Care of the Sick appeal to women and girls interested in maintaining health in the homes. This is a valuable form of health education. Xo Health Center is com- plete without the equipment to meet the needs of these classes, which are presided over by a nurse instructor provided by Division headquarters, who brings to the Health Center her enthusiasm and skill in teaching women and girls some general laws of health, the earlier recog- nition of symptoms of disease, the greater care in guarding against con- tagious diseases, and a knowledge of the elementary methods of caring for the sick. The value of having an increasing group of women in the community schooled in this important phase of health work can be appreciated both for the improvement of the general health conditions in the community and for the development of a body of volunteer health workers as a practical resource of the Health Center. This was demonstrated during the influenza epidemics. M> T II E A M E RICA X R E D C K () s S H E A L T II C E X T E R ---- "~7Zm*iit\ Center CfOSS Sfnttv * be*khi« pUCC * Vn " . th<» community * »«•_________- CLASS IX HOME HYGIEXE AXD CARE OF THE SICK "^TrT^d Cross Health _ Center munity a healthier place in vhich to iiv BATHIXG THE BABY AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH C E XTER 41 CLASS IN DIETETICS Dietetics Another valuable phase of health work is fostered by the American Red Cross through its Bureau of Dietitian Service. Many women and girls can be interested in joining a class on proper food selection and preparation. Division or National Headquarters will supply a competent instructor for such class work. The Health Center will be equipped to facili- tate such class work, and the Health Center director will be in a position to promote better health in the community by means of increasing the general intel- ligence concerning proper food selection and preparation. First Aid The Red Cross Health Center is also a center for First Aid instruction, but may go even beyond that by being a First Aid Station where emergency equipment is kept available for use in case of accidents. Various groups can be organ- ized at the Health Center into First k' T II K A M I. R I C A X H K I) CROSS H E A L T 11 C K X T E H CLASS IX FIRST AID Aid classes—such as boys, girls, men and women. Social and industrial groups can be interested in taking these classes. The Boy Scouts and Girl Scouts may receive their First Aid lessons at the Health Center. A Red Cross First Aid Box, anatomical and instruction charts, and First Aid literature and text-books constitute part of the Health Center equipment and supplies. The First Aid Bureau at Division Headquarters will appoint competent First Aid instructors, and furnish supplies and expert advice. The Health Center director will organize the classes, make all the arrangements, and, where the Health Center is the First Aid Station, will be responsible for the availability of equipment in case of accidents and emergencies. Health Clubs The Health Center director will find that whereas a great many persons can be interested in class work on the sub- jects mentioned, there are large groups of younger and older persons whose interest in health can be stimulated only through some form of social organiza- tion. Social settlement workers long ago have learned this secret, and they act upon it by using various kinds of social devices to interest their patrons in matters pertaining to their health as well as in other phases of social endeavor. THE AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH CENTER 43 It is possible to organize in the Health Center such social-health organizations as the Mothers' Health Club, the Little Mothers' League, and the Children's Health Hour. Mothers' Health Clubs Mothers can be interested in organiz- ing a Mothers' Health Club for two reasons; one, because they are home managers and, like managers of other concerns, welcome the opportunity of exchanging ideas with reference to their home interests and their position as mothers and home managers; and, the other, because they need diversion from sweeping, dusting, dish-washing, and three-meals-a-day routine. There is no greater need anywhere, from the farm to the overcrowded tenement, than a health organization for mothers where they can learn how to conserve their own health and this, first of all, through the pleasant diversion of a weekly social hour with their own kind. No experi- enced Health Center director need be advised that such clubs should be self- governing in character, and that but a few mothers in the community, be they endowed with that precious gift of leadership, need be enthused on this subject to have the organization of a Mothers' Health Club develop under its own impetus. The resourcefulness of the Health Center director will be put to the test, however, when interesting subjects and devices must be constantly worked out to keep this social-health M 1 * ■ 'fr M ■ : { ~ ■■■■ ..'X-' -4 ■ __________. —T- 1 ' ' HfiSfl*^! fllJsraH^1! - 1 * '< '. _ >*ljB| W£ A 1 vl £ *''1V 1 ! A ^M ' ■*W*«*4*^Jj MOTHERS' HEALTH CLUB U T II E A M E R I C AX RED CROSS H E A L T II C E X TEH ilOV 10 B Veil 1 I M 1 1 CtocMy Motherhood 1 *>- v \\ y LITTLE MOTHERS LEAGUE organization alive and active. The director may be assured that the Health Service Department at Division head- quarters is in position to come to her aid in this respect. Little Mothers' Leagues The little girl of today is the mother of tomorrow. While the school must place its chief emphasis upon mental develop- ment, it is possible for the Health Center to supplement the school education of young girls with such instruction as will best fit them to be the mothers of tomorrow. But there are many, while they are still little girls, entrusted by necessity, or otherwise, with the responsi- bility of caring for baby brothers and sisters, and who are therefore "Little Mothers" not merely in the spirit of play but in fact. Health work with children must be play work. The most interesting way by which little girls can learn health lessons which will save life in generations to come is through the formation of "Little Moth- ers' Leagues"—through playing with the aid of dolls, etc., at being mothers. The Division of Child Hygiene of the New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, has issued an excellent pamphlet on "Outlines for Organizing and Directing Little Moth- ers' Leagues." The following is a list of THE AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH CENTER 4.1 "Titles for Lessons," quoted from this pamphlet: 1. Growth and development of the baby. 2. Care of special organs: eyes, ears, nose, throat and teeth. 3. Bathing the baby. 4. Fresh air and sunshine. 5. Sleep and quiet. 6. Clothing and cleanliness. 7. First care of the sick baby. 8. Milk and other baby foods. 9. Baby feeding. 10. Care of the milk in the home. 11. Home directions for milk modification. 1*2. Instructions for making barley water, whey, etc., diet from one to six years. Children's Health Hour Many libraries conduct children's story hours. In the smaller communities and in neighborhoods of larger cities where children can not or do not attend such story hours, the Health Center has a special opportunity for organizing a Children's Health Hour. There are many pleasing and instructive children's stories with health as their chief motif, that can be told at a Children's Health Hour. For example, The Child Health Organization of America has published an illustrated booklet entitled "Cho-Cho and the Health Fairy," which contains six stories by EleanorGlendowerGriffith: The House the Children Built. The Magic Oat Field. The Wonderful Window. The Little Vegetable Men. The Lovely Bird. The Fairy's Party. Then, it is possible to give little health demonstrations at the Children's Story Hour. For example, use a card board %3&L_^'Hi&:. THE CHILDREN s HEALTH IIOl'H 46 T H i: A M E RICA X R E D CROSS HEALTH C E N T E R house with two large candles and three small candles inside representing father, mother and three children. With the windows and doors open, the candles burn cheerfully, but after the windows and doors are all closed, the lights die out, all for the want of fresh air. List of Sources of Children's Health Stories Children's Story Number of uThe Crusader of the Wisconsin Anti-Tuberculosis Association (February, 1919), Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The Milk Fairies. By Jennie Van Ileyson M<- Crillis, Massachusetts Health Department Bulletin (March, 1919), Boston, Mass. Cho-Cho and the Health Fairy. By Eleanor Glen- dower Griffith. The Child Health Organiza- tion, 156 Fifth Avenue, New York City. Child Health Alphabet. The Child Health Or- ganization, 156 Fifth Avenue, New York City. Health Stories for Teachers and Pupils (10 cents). Minnesota Public Health Association, St. Paul, Minnesota. Keep Well Stories for Little Folks. By Dr. May Farinholt. Publishers, J. B. Lippincott Com- pany, Philadelphia, Pa. THE AMERICAN RED C H O s s HEALTH CENTER 47 Chapter VIII GROWTH AND NUTRITION CLINICS Happiness lies first of all in health—George William Curtis Border-Line Clinics In the preceding chapters such health activities have been touched upon as are considered possible in a Red Cross Health Center conducted under the direction of a lay worker and where the services of professional health workers are not available except at times when Red Cross Division Headquarters ap- points a nurse, a dietitian, or a doctor for special courses in Home Hygiene, Dietetics, or First Aid. Without doc- tors and nurses, of course, it would not be possible to conduct medical clinics in the Health Center. \Yithout expert dietitians and doctors, it may also be considered inadvisable to attempt Growth and Nutrition Clinics. How- ever, in practically every small community there is a doctor who may be interested in examining children that are physically under-par, and also a domestic science teacher or Home Dem- onstration Agent who is famil- iar with nutrition values and whose cooperation may be se- cured in conducting Growth and Nutrition Clinics in the Health Center. For this reason therefore this border-line, social- medical clinic is included in this pamphlet, though the subject of medical clinics as a phase of Health Center activity has been reserved for a future pamphlet on the more fully developed Red Cross Health Center. It may be possible, of course, for the Health Center director herself to take advantage of some training in the methods of con- ducting Growth and Nutrition Clinics through health courses which will be given in each Red Cross Division for Health Center directors. Malnourished Children Dr. William R. P. Emerson makes the following statements in his pamphlet on Xutrition Clinics and Classes: All children of pre-school and school age may be divided, for the sake of discussion, into three groups: the sick, the well, and the malnourished. The sick are cared for at home and in the hos- pitals. The well are inspected and receive a certain amount of preventive care from school physicians. The mal- nourished, about a third of all, receive no treatment for their malnutrition as such, because they are considered well by both private and school physicians. All children habitually seven per cent or more under weight for their height are not only undernourished but malnourished, retarded in both weight and height from one to four years. Simple causes, as the following, are found adequate to explain mal- nutrition of the most severe type: fast eating, insufficient food, the use of tea and coffee, late hours, closed win- 48 THE A M E RICA X RED ( R () S S H E A L T H < K X T E H dows at night, too little time in the open air, poor hygiene, over-pressure and long hours in school. Such definite diagnoses are essential to successful treatment. Growth Clinics A Growth Clinic where children are regularly and systematically weighed and measured is a form of keep-well work especially appropriate for a Health Center. The weight is considered in re- lation to the height and compared with the standardized weight on the Height and Weight (hart. A record of the comparative weight and height of each child is kept on forms specially prepared for this purpose. If over a period of time the child is found to remain seven per cent or more under weight, then the parents are consulted and advised to have the child examined by the family physician. The actual mechanics of weighing and measuring children do not require unusual skill and can be per- formed by lay workers. In fact, children can be made to take great interest in their weight and height by encouraging them to weigh and measure themselves. The Height and Weight Charts and the Record Forms are available from the following sources: T . S. Bureau of Education, Washing- ton, D. C. Child Health Organization, 1;>(> Fifth Avenue, New York City. Nutrition Clinics for Delicate Chil- dren, 44 Dwight Street, Boston, Mass. Attendance at Growth Clinics In communities where the system of medical examination of school children has not been established, the cooperation of the school teachers mav be obtained Mcxhnhocx I Vh' tVu^S GROWTH CLINIC THE AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH CENTER 49 in having their pu- pils weighed and \ftxP\^"^^ measured periodic- ally by classes. But even where such medical examina- tion is made, the facilities for con- ducting Growth Clinics in the schools may be lacking, and the Health Center may be used for this purpose. In case the school authorities are not sufficiently inter- ested, attendance at Growth Clinics can be stimulated through the Red Cross Juniors, Little Mothers' Leagues, and the Children's Health Hour. Nutrition Clinics Through the operation of Growth Clinics there will be discovered children who are habitually seven per cent or more underweight. Such underweight may be due to two general causes—one, a physical or mental condition or defect; the other, malnutrition. In the Health Center, as herein described, where no medical clinics are conducted the physi- cally and mentally defective children are not examined and treated; but it is pos- sible, as has been stated, to conduct a nutrition clinic with the cooperation of a doctor and a person informed on nu- trition values. Diagnosis of Malnutrition The lay health worker, of course, cannot determine the causes of habitual underweight. Neither can she proceed with a proper diet for each case until the cause has been diagnosed by a phvsician or a // ■<£- ) specialist and |, the proper ^ course of treat- ment has been determined. The first step to take, therefore, with an habitually underweight child is to take the child to a doctor or specialist for diagnosis and prescription. The usual methods are followed, of course, in having parents, able to pay, meet this responsibility themselves, while with those unable to pay, medical examination is made pos- sible without cost or at a nominal cost. "Free to Grow" With the primary causes of habitual under weight removed by the doctor, physically defective children have been put in the condition of being "free to grow." Such children should still attend with their mothers the Nutrition Clinic in order that they and their mothers may be encouraged to follow the doctor's instructions with reference to proper feeding, and may learn the "why and how" of proper food selec- tion, preparation and con- sumption. Children whose under weight has been determined by the doctor to be due solely to mal- nourishment and who are therefore in the "free-to- grow" condition, may attend the Nutrition Clinic without any pre- liminarv treatment. 50 T II E A M ERIC A N It E I) C It OSS H E A L T II C E X T E R WEIGH I X(J OF BABY MEASURING OF BABY AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH CENTER 51 E*BB^1A B Blr ' X ^| ■It ^ 9&. Br-1. -^^H bb '^l dP* ^SP^BBi 5 1 ■ " W^r^ ^^JBi ^B^kV '*SB*^-jbbbB B^f R n "^bIbbt ~—b ^fl Br 1 Bh » i-' ^\ ""ill ^y WdM W ' ■ \^BflMl B B ■ iiB m%\ 1 1 i ■ • ^J*§ jBr 1 1 A^^r^^ t H^C-'^I I i.''.'v ^ t BKI1 8 •* *» *j*B* "^^"i H i M «t %« mi BP' ^BB '1 !J< ** t 'ML ^^BaBBta ' * % :» NUTRITION CLINIC How to Proceed with a Nutrition Clinic As has been intimated, it is of great importance that mothers attend the Nutrition Clinic with their children; for they select and prepare their food and supervise their eating. The class method has been found to be more effective than the individual method. The Nutrition Clinic may therefore be considered a class for delicate children. Such a class will in reality be a weekly demonstration of progress made by each child. Some of the children, of course, may make but slow progress, but they and their mothers will be encouraged by the demonstration of progress made by others. General discussions will be held and conditions will be gone into which might otherwise create offence if individually applied. As in the Growth Clinic, each child is weighed and measured weekly, the re- sults recorded on the form record card, and the progress determined. When the child has reached normal condition, it may then be considered to have gradu- ated from the Nutrition Clinic into the Growth Clinic. Consult Division Director of Health Service There is considerable information available on these clinics, and the Division Director of Health Service will have this information on hand. Health Center directors are advised, therefore, to con- sult their Division Director when the establishment of Growth and Nutrition Clinics is contemplated. T II E A M E R I C A X It E D C It O S S H E A L T II C E X T E It Chapter IX HOW TO BEGIN ORGANIZING A RED CROSS HEALTH CENTER The whole sum of life is service—service to others and not to self. Xo man has come to great- ness who has not felt in some degree that his life belongs to the race.—Phillips Brooks The Chapter Executive Committee In order to avoid having so many com- mittees to manage the affairs of the Red Cross Chapter, it has been deemed advisable for the present, at least, for the Chapter Executive Committee to have direct charge of the Red Cross Health Center and not to delegate this responsibility to a sub-committee. While this Executive Committee is largely composed of non-medical people, this should in no way deter them from under- taking the kind of health service de- scribed in this pamphlet. It is, however, exceedingly important that both the professional and non-professional groups that are actively engaged or chiefly interested in health work in the com- munity, be drawn into this Health Center movement in order that the Executive Committee may benefit by their interest, knowledge and experience. Health Center Advisory Council The key-people in local health wrork in a small community usually include the Health Officer, members of the Board of Health, officers of the medical society, dentists, school officials, and officials of such voluntary health agencies as the local tuberculosis committee, child wel- fare society, visiting nurse association, and others. It is highly essential that, first of all, the Chapter Executive Com- mittee consult these groups of health workers in the community and secure their hearty cooperation. The best way to accomplish this may be to ask those who are not members of the Executive Committee to serve as members of a Health Center Advisory Council. Such an advisory council would be simply what its name indicates—a group of specially selected local health officials and professional and lay workers to whom the Chapter officials could turn for counsel and advice with reference to health matters. This would not pre- clude the Executive Committee from remaining the administrative body of the Red Cross Health Center. The Local Health Officer The first person in the community to be interested by the Executive Com- mittee in a Red Cross Health Center is the local Health Officer. He should be presented with a copy of this pamphlet and be given opportunity to read it in order that he may fully understand that the Health Center in no way encroaches upon his official duties and responsibili- ties. It should be thoroughly .explained to him that the Health Center will not duplicate but supplement his work- THE AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH CENTER 53 that in the Health Center he will find an institution that will actively support him in the discharge of his duties; and that the Health Center will be the means of bringing to the people a greater appreciation of his office and of the necessity for the strict enforcement of the health laws, ordinances and regula- tions for their own protection. It will not be difficult to convince a conscien- tious Health Officer of the advantage to the community and to his department involved in the establishment of a Red Cross Health Center. Local Doctors and Dentists It will be readily appreciated that the most important groups of people to be interested in the establishment of a Red Cross Health Center are those of the medical and dental professions. In consulting them, the emphasis should be placed upon the educational charac- ter of the Health Center activities. The fact should be brought out that one of the principal objects of the Health Cen- ter is to encourage people to look to the legitimate profession for their medical treatment instead of to quacks or instead of using patent medicines. The modern medical practitioner will heartily enter into this health movement. An attitude of reserve may be found only in an exceptional doctor of the old school who fails to realize that the legitimate medical profession thrives on general health intelligence while only the quack thrives on ignorance and superstition. To the dentists it should be pointed out that the Health Center lays great stress upon the importance of dental care and treatment, and that their cooperation in this respect is indispensable. Officials of Voluntary Health Agencies A number of agencies may be actively engaged in health work in the commu- nity: such as, a tuberculosis committee. a child welfare society, a visiting nurses' association, a parent-teacher association, a civic league or a women's club. The influential leaders of these various organ- izations should be consulted. It should be explained to them that the Health Center can be the means of bringing all the health interests in the community to work together, of developing a unified health program, and of getting every- body to work at the health job the year around and not just occasionally because of a temporary, spasmodic interest that must be periodically revived. A hearty response may be expected from leaders who are deeply concerned in the health of the community and readily see the won- derful possibilities in a Health Center. The Superintendent of Schools A most important official to consult about establishing a Red Cross Health Center is the local superintendent of schools. He will readily recognize the supplementary value to the schools of the Health Center where children will be interested in personal hygiene; where parents will become better informed as to the health needs of their children through lectures, exhibits, clubs and classes; and through which public offi- cials may be encouraged to make more generous provision for health work in the schools. Establishing the Health Center The members of the Chapter Execu- tive Committee will have learned from ")4 T II E A M E It I C A X It E I) CROSS II E A L T II C E X T E R + To keep peopie veU American ^ake the com _ to make ^ >' 1 \ 4 * MEETING OF CHAPTER EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE WITH HEALTH COUNCIL reading the previous chapters of this pamphlet how important it is to select the right location for a Health Center; what the equipment should be, the cost of which is given in the appendix on Construction and Cost; and what variety of interesting activities can be developed in a Health Center. However, one most important matter remains to be considered—namely the appointment of a Health Center Director. The Health Center Director After reading the previous chapters, it will be understood that the kind of a Health Center therein described does not depend upon a specially trained man- ager for its success. While trained personnel, in the person of a doctor or a nurse, would be of advantage if avail- able, it is not absolutely essential, and this for two reasons: first, because the Health Center is primarily if not solely an institution for health education and not an institution for the curing of disease; and, second, because the tech- nical expert is already provided in the health service director in charge of the Department of Health Service at Di- vision Headquarters of the American Red Cross, who may at all times be consulted by the Chapter Executive THE AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH (ENTER oj Committee or by the Health Center di- rector on all health matters; because literature, prepared by specialists of various health organizations, including the American Red Cross, will be avail- able to all Chapters and Health Centers; and, also, because the knowledge and experience of local health officials, doc- tors, dentists, and health workers serving on the Advisory Council will be of prac- tical assistance to them. A Chapter executive secretary who has had some social training and experience, or any other competent person, whether a sala- ried or a volunteer worker, may well be qualified as a Health Center director. Her chief personal qualifications should be receptiveness to new ideas, ability to adjust herself to new conditions, ability to interest others in her work, and such initiative and resourcefulness as will enable her to take hold of every oppor- tunity to make the Health Center a real health promoting agency. Appendix CONSTRUCTION AND COST ")S T II I] A M E It I C A X It EI) CROSS II E A L T II C E X T E It WP OVERHANGS END \" ^ TOP 15 FLUSH WITH BACK STYLE OF STRIP FOR INCLINED TOP OF TABLE — TO l\EEP PAMPHLETS FROM SLIDING OFF. TOP OVERHANGS FRONT 3" V/2\ 2" HOW TO MAKE THE LITERATURE TABLES These tables, as the accompanying sketch shows, are designed to have a flat shelf along the top for holding books and.a sloping front part on which the literature should be placed. Underneath, resting on the cross supports, is a shelf for an extra supply of booklets. Four tables, each 7 feet long, will provide room for the dozen or more sections into which the pamphlets will be divided. The lumber needed for makino four tables each 7 feet long is: 1)5 board feet of 7/s inch pine boards 6 inches wide; 4L2 lineal feet of L2 inches by 1 y2 inches finished lumber for the legs. Sixty feet of molding is needed for strips on top of tables. One carpenter should take about 16 hours to build the four tables. The approximate cost of labor and material for each should be about ten dollars. The tables should be stained or painted a brown color. AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH C E N T E R 59 l9/4"x'/4" STRIPS TACKED OVER EDGE AFTER BURLAP IS TACKED ON l'/2 X2' FRAME FOR SCREEN BEFORE THE BEAVER BOARD OR BURLAP IS FASTENED ON. HOW TO MAKE EXHIBIT SCREENS It is essential that the screens be high enough to allow the exhibit posters or panels to be placed with their center on the eye level. Also, the screens should be high enough to allow sufficient space above the posters so that a sign giving the title of the exhibit, or a particular section of the exhibit, may be placed there. After the frame of the screen has been made, as shown in Figure 1, wall board should be nailed on both sides. Place over that the burlap, tacking along the edge as shown in Figure L2. The strips of wood that are tacked on the edge so as to give a finish to the frame, should be painted before they are nailed in position. About 142 lineal feet of l>£x 2-inch lumber is needed for a set of four screens. Also 130 lineal feet of % x \y2 inch strips are needed for edges of the screens. 252 square feet of wall board is required to cover the four screens on two sides, and 24 yards of burlap 48 inches wide is needed for both sides of the four screens. One carpenter can make the four screens in about two days. As the price of lumber and labor varies greatly in different parts of the country, it is only possible to give a general estimate of the cost. The complete cost should average ten dollars apiece. In many places the lumber may be donated and possibly the labor volunteered. 00 T II E A M ERICAX RED CROSS II E A L T II CENTER Natural colored burlap is recommended, both because it is of a pleasing color and because it is cheaper than the colored bur- All the illustrations of posters shown on pages 21 and 2<2, except the black silhouettes, are from covers, illustrations or advertise- ments in magazines. A list is given below of sources for the illustrations used on the posters. Note that on some posters two or more pictures have been combined. Adver- tising lettering may be covered over with bits of paper the same color as the back- ground. Where the same illustrations as those reproduced in the pamphlet cannot be obtained, similar ones can easily be secured from other magazines. The pictures with the text and the printed reproductions of posters should be handed over to the local sign man with the following instruc- tions : Posters to be made on 22 x 28, double weight, white Bristol cardboard. Impress on the sign man the necessity for following Glorify Motherhood. Illustration in Ladies' Home Journal, February, 1920. How to Keep Babies Well. Cover of Junior Red Cross Magazine, February, 1920. JVhat to Eat. Advertisement of the Aluminum Cooking Utensil Co., Ladies' Home Journal, February. 1920. Children's Progress. Cover of Literary Digest, January 30, 1920. Tuberculosis. Cover of Red Cross Magazine, March, 1920. Delay Old Age. Illustration from Burroughs Adding Machine Advertisement, System. April, 1920. lap. The legs of the screens and the strips on the edges may be stained or painted a brown color. carefully the style of lettering and spacing of the posters reproduced in the pamphlet. The border and the line around the illustra- tion is in a medium shade of green. The initial capital letters of the important words in the first phrase on the posters are painted in red. Also the arrows are made in red. Use the same shade of red as is used in the Red Cross emblem on the Red Cross posters sent out from Headquarters. Use paste on only the outer edges of the pictures. Experience has shown that better work of this kind can be secured if the supervision of it is turned over to some one of the com- mittee having a sense of design. Such a person can inspect the work of the sign man, especially the first poster, and keep the work up to as high a standard of work- manship and good taste as possible. Cancer. Silhouettes. To be re-drawn by local artist. .1 Clean Mind in a Clean Body. Cover of Wom- an's Home Companion, October, 1919. Sanitary Surroundings. Picture of men building a tunnel, from Blau-Knox Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. Advertisement in Saturday Evening Post, September, 1919. Two pictures of houses from Ladies' Home Journal, April, 1920. One picture of house from "Alabastine" advertise- ment, Ladies' Home Journal, April, 1920. Learn the Rides of Health. Advertisement of Columbia Phonograph Co., Xew York, Delineator, February, 1920. HOW TO MAKE GUIDE POSTERS TO GO OVER LITERATURE TABLES WHERE THE PICTURES ON THE GUIDE POSTERS FOR THE LITERATURE TABLES CAME FROM THE AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH CENTER 61 fmmwmmmmm ——■— i id- i \ \ ^ | j ™ — ^ 1 1 j I | J J 1 i 1 i 1 I t "T~1 LL REPRODUCING SILHOUETTE DRAWINGS The silhouette drawings on the poster entitled "Cancer" are each 8 inches wide and 9 inches high. The easiest way to repro- duce these pictures is to rule off the drawing in the reproduction into small squares, making 8 squares the short way and 9 squares the long way. By ruling off the space for the drawing in one-inch squares of the same number, redrawing of the picture is made comparatively easy. The drawing teacher of the high school or any person clever with a pencil can in this way repro- duce the silhouette. Use plain white paper. Ink in the black spaces with water- proof ink. Do not attempt to work on the cardboard of the poster as mistakes there cannot be corrected easily; make the drawing on a separate sheet of paper. WALL SPACE FOR EXHIBIT POSTERS OR PANELS least 8 feet. This should be either papered or covered with burlap. Material may then be tacked on the walls without damage to the plaster. Where the placing of wall board on the wall is not possible, a picture Ample wall space is essential in a Health Center in order to allow for the hanging of posters. Especially is this space desirable for the hanging of temporary exhibits. The mini- i space required for a small traveling rail may be used. Another method is to exhibit is about 25 lineal feet. In order to place a strip of wood, such as a chair rail, care for different kinds of exhibits as along the wall about six feet from the floor. much more space as possible should be In case there are many windows and doors considered *n ^e room' or mr other reasons wall space Where it is feasible it would simplify the is not available, screens may be constructed. hanging of the exhibits to have the wall On these the exhibit posters or panels may covered with wall board to a height of at be hung. 02 T II E A M E It I C AX RED CROSS H E A L T II C E X T E It ■ WOODEN VARDSTICK WOODEN YARDSTICK HOW TO MAKE A MEASURING BOARD FOR BABIES This measuring board consists of a base with a head piece (Fig. 1) and a separate piece (Fig. 2) that slides in the center space of the bottom board (Fig. 3). Two wooden yard sticks are set in the bottom board flush with the surface of the board (Fig. 1). To make the measuring board, fasten on to a board 12 inches wide, and 36 inches long, two pieces of board 4 inches wide and 36 inches long. Place these two 4-inch boards so as to leave a space 4 inches wide in the center of the bottom board (Fig. 1). Fasten with screws onto the end of this base, a piece 8 inches high and 12 inches wide with a curved top and having an opening 2 inches by 4 inches. Then make an end piece, 12 inches wide and 6 inches high and fasten on to it a board 334 inches wide and 36 inches long (Fig. 2)_v ^ Use /v, inch clear white pine lumber. Paint the completed measuring board with white paint finishing with a coat of enamel paint. It will then be more easily kept clean. THE AMERICAN RED CROSS HEALTH CENTER 63 HEALTH CENTER STANDARD TYPE OF HEALTH CENTER SIGN Above is pictured the style of sign for American Red Cross Health Centers. Note that capital letters only are used; also that the second line "Health Center" has the same sized letter as the line reading "Amer- ican Red Cross." It is essential that the curved form of the first line and the placing of the second line just below the insignia be followed accurate- 24"- ly. This particular arrangement will serve as adistinctivemark of the American Red Cross Health Center and conformity to it will be a distinct asset to the Health Outer using it and to the entire movement. Whether the sign is lettered on a window, placed on a board hung outside the Health Center or lettered on the bulletin board, this standard form is recommended. HOW TO MAKE THE BULLETIN BOARD The size of the bulletin board may be varied to suit the space where it will be hung on the outside of the Health Center. A good size is given in the following plan. Place not more than one sign on the bulletin board at one time. Several signs will not attract the attention that one sign will. The board may be made of y% inch boards or of wall board with braces at the back. The bulletin board may be painted a light gray with dark green on the hood and on the strip which runs around the edge. The lettering should be in black with, of course, red for the Red Cross insignia. A bulletin board of this size will cost about five dollars. 04 T H E A M E It I C A X RED C It O S S II E A L T II C E X T E R :"......Mil KAL7H $ ARM BANDS FOR HEALTH PAGES These arm bands are to be used by Red Cross Juniors when acting as Health Pages at the Health Center. The bands may be made by the children or their parents. A cheap grade of white linen, doubled, may be used for the band itself. Alice Blue embroidery silk should be used for the letters and bordering lines. The Red Cross should be made of turkey red muslin. Snap fasteners should be used to fasten the band on the arm. The dimensions of the arm band are as follows: Length 9 inches; width 4 inches; space for lettering 4 inches long and 1 inch wide; space for the Red Cross insignia 4 inches long and 2 inches wide; size of letters is ?s inches; size of the Red Cross insignia 1/s inches; length of straps \\y2 inches and 2 inches respectively. The Red Cross emblem is made of five equal squares. REGULAR LIST OF EQUIPMENT WITH COST Administration Equipment. (This equipment may be already on hand, may be donated, second-hand, therefore prices are not given.) 1 flat top desk 1 desk chair 1 telephone 1 set office supplies (pen, ink, paper, etc.) 1 card index box for 3x5 inch cards 500 plain white cards for same 1 correspondence file 2 plain tables 8 (or more) chairs probably Special Equipment. (May be bought from local merchants or or bought through Division Headquarters.) Average Cost 1 platform scale with measuring rod $35.00 1 baby weighing scale 18.00 1 First Aid kit 7.00 • Special Home Made Equipment. (Made by a local carpenter, from detailed drawings given in this appendix.) Estimated Cost 1 measuring board for babies $5.00 4 tables for literature display at $10.00 40.00 4 screens for exhibits at $10.00 40.00 1 bulletin board 5.00 Total approximate cost of special equipment $150.00 COMPLETE LIST OF PERMANENT SIGNS, CHARTS AND POSTERS 1 set standard weight charts * 1 set signs, including the following: 12 posters for literature display 1 "Red Cross Health Center" cardboard sign. (May be purchased from Department of Health Service, Division Headquarters) . 1 each, city, county, and state map > $7.50 1 painted outside sign ** 1 or more "Direction to Health Center" signs, each 1 cloth "streamer"......... 2.00 5.00 See page 36 for source. See page 63 for style V. 1;- /■<.: - T American Red + Cross Hea 1th Center To Keep our Peopl e Well To Make Our ( '(immunity a Healthier Place in irhich to LAre DOUGLAS C. MCMURTRIE THE ARBOR PRESS GREENWICH, CONN.