THE 
PENNSYLVANIA SOCIETY 
FOR THE 
Prevention of Tuberculosis 
ORGANIZED APRIL 10, 1892 
INCORPORATED 1895 
REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDING APRIL 13, i8g8 
“It is in the power of man to cause all parasitic maladies to 
disappear from the world.”—Pasteur PRESIDENT _ 
MAVRENCEJL-KLFCKt 
7‘-tA Pin,. — 
H. S. ANDERS 
1836 Wallace Street, Philadelphia. 
J. SOLIS COHEN, 
1431_ Walnut Street, Philadelphia. 
GUY HINSDALE 
v 3943 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. 
VICE-PRESIDENTS 
BENJAMIN LEE 
Health Officer, Philadelphia. 
MISS E. W. REDFIELD, 
117 No. 34th Street, Philadelphia. 
TALCOTT WILLIAMS 
916 Pine Street, Philadelphia. 
' S. A. KNOPF, 
955 Madison Avenue, New York City, 
SECRETARY 
A. H. DAVISSON, 
2024 Pine Street, Philadelphia. 
TREASURER 
(MRS.) HELEN C. JENKS, 
920 Clinton Street, Philadelphia. 
SOLICITOR 
JAMES L. STANTON, 
412 Drexel Building, Philadelphia. 
BOARD OF DIRECTORS 
A. H. DAVISSON 
2024 Pine Street, Philadelphia. 
MRS. HELEN C. JENKS, 
920 Clinton Street, Philadelphia. 
JAS. L. STANTON, 
412 Drexel Building, Philadelphia. 
MAZYCK P. RAVENEL, 
Univ. of Penna., Philadelphia. 
TTHOMAfi W. SPARKS,—„ 
Waln.it Sfrp^f| Philadelphia^ 
MISS E. H. CARROLL, 
1629 S. 16 St., Philadelphia. 
MISS E. W. REDFIELD, 
117 No. 34th Street, Philadelphia. 
LAWRENCE F. FLICK, 
736 Pine Street, Philadelphia. 
S. G. DIXON, 
The Acad, of Nat. Sciences of Philadelphia. 
GUY HINSDALE, 
3943 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia. 
H. S. ANDERS, 
1836 Wallace Street, Philadelphia. 
BENJ. LEE, 
1632 Pine Street, Philadelphia. 
LEONARD PEARSON, 
Univ. of Penna., Philadelphia. 
GEORGE WOODWARD, 
Board of Health, Philadelphia. 
MRS. M. E. B. HAMPTON, 
2010 Arch Street, Philadelphia. 
The Board of Directors meets monthly at the Academy of Natural Sciences, Logan Square, 
Philadelphia. PENNSYLVANIA SOCIETY 
FOR THE 
PREVENTION OF TUBERCULOSIS, 
The Society for the Prevention of Tuberculosis has worked 
quietly with but one end in view—namely, the education of the 
community in a knowledge of the true nature of consumption and of 
the means now considered necessary to control or conquer this 
disease. 
The means by which this end is sought to be obtained are : 1st. 
by the publication and distribution of pamphlets; 2nd, by constant 
efforts to induce those in influential positions to use their earnest 
efforts to prevent the spread of the disease; and 3rd, by striving to 
obtain the requisite conditions whereby those early afflicted may be 
restored to usefulness, or for those far advanced, the safeguarding 
that will prevent the communication of infection to others. 
During the past year one new pamphlet has been published, 
Tract No. 4, “How Storekeepers and Manufacturers Can Help to 
Prevent the Spread of Tuberculosis,” 5000 copies of this have been 
issued and 20,000 copies of earlier tracts have been reprinted and 
extensively circulated and copied. The chief effort of the managers, 
however, has been directed towards the establishment of the greatly 
needed Municipal Hospital for Tuberculous patients, and also for 
a sanatorium in the high regions of the State. 
The former of these is needed for two reasons—iSt, the comfort 
and last retreat of the poorest members of our community who after 
months and years of struggle find themselves at last penniless, abso- 
lutely unfit for work and refused admission to the general hospitals 
of the city. 
The hospitals of the city cannot admit all the cases of tubercu- 
losis that apply to them; their wards would be crowded to the detri- 
ment of the acute cases of other diseases. The Home for Incurables 
is full and has always a long waiting list. The Free Hospi- 
tal Fund for Poor Consumptives has undertaken, as far as its means 
permit, to pay for consumptive patients who are received in a special 
ward of St. Agnes Hospital. The Rush Hospital will take cases for 
a limited time, and the City Mission, by a few beds at 411 Spruce 
Street and its fine Home at Chestnut Hill—this latter only for 
women—provides for a number of sufferers. At the Philadelphia 
Hospital certain wards are reserved for consumptives, but even with 
3 these the accommodation is not nearly sufficient for the size of our 
city. 
For their own sake, such patients should have better air and 
sanitary conditions than are possible in an Almshouse hospital; for 
the sake of the community they should be treated by such methods 
as will not only tend to cure certain cases but will prevent the con- 
tagion from spreading. 
We feel convinced that a State Sanatarium in the highlands 
would save many valuable lives and also that a good City Hospital 
set apart for tuberculous patients would not only give comfort to 
them but add greatly to the safety of the (apparently) healthy part 
of the community. 
A most desirable location in Luzerne County has been offered 
the Society for the site of a sanitorium and strong efforts are being 
made to obtain state aid to erect the building. In December 1896, 
a committee was appointed by the Society to make a report on 
a suitable site for such an institution. This committee of four 
members visited White Haven, in Fuzerne County, Glen Summit 
and Bear Creek and neighboring localities within a radius of from 
twenty to thirty miles. The place which appeared to present the 
greatest advantages was situated quite near White Haven, a borough 
composed of educated and progressive people, and in touch with all 
the great railroad systems of the State. This is an important matter, 
as it would diminish the sense of isolation on the part of the patients, 
attendant upon removal to a wilderness or a dense forest remote from 
civilization and difficult of access. The point selected is about 1,225 
feet above the level of the sea, and 250 feet above the Lehigh River. 
Green Mountain rises gently from the borough of White Haven until 
at an elevation of 100 feet above the town it forms a plateau, a few 
hundred feet in width, stretching westward indefinitely. It is on this 
plateau that it is proposed to locate the Sanatorium. The prevailing 
winds of this locality are northwest, and the Sanatorium would be 
protected from them by Green Mountain, which rises rather abrupt- 
ly from the plateau some 400 feet, and passes westward continuously 
with the plateau. It thus affords admirable shelter from the wind. 
The sun exposure is all that could be desired. The outlook is to 
the south and the plateau is bathed continuously with sunshine, from 
daylight to dark. The view is out over a wide stretch of wilderness, 
east, west and south. From the top of Green Mountain there is a 
charming prospect towards every point of the compass. The soil is 
4 View of Green Mountain from the South showing plateau ani summit. 
View of the Valley of the Lehigh looking south from Green Mountain. 
5 porous, and the drainage good. With the exception of a clearing on 
the plateau which is occupied as a farm, the mountain side is wooded. 
It is the natural home of the pine, though the extensive lumbering 
operations which brought White Haven into being, have long since 
caused an almost entire disappearance of this beneficent tree, 
whose varied products, by some strange chemistry of nature, have 
ever been found to be so healing in affections of the respiratory tract 
For purity of atmosphere the locality is up to a high standard, 
and is pronounced practically free from miasmic and malarial 
influences. 
The condition of dry atmosphere is fairly present. The fogs are 
not frequeut, nor are they extensive or continuous. They mostly 
originate in the condensation which takes place in the moisture 
arising from the river, but they do not last long nor do they usually 
reach to the plateau. 
The tract consists of several hundred acres, and it has been 
offered free of expense and encumbrance to the Society, on the sim- 
ple condition that they shall raise the funds for building and equip- 
ping the institution. The matter having been brought to the notice 
of the Board of State Charities, from the fact that it is intended to 
make this more especially a refuge for the consumptive poor of our 
large cities, that body recommended an appropriation of $30,000.00, 
provided a like amount could be raised by private subscriptions 
The Committee on Appropriations of the Legislature, however, re- 
ported the bill negatively. The movement having once been inau- 
gurated, will certainly not be suffered to drop. 
The first difficulty in carrying out the objects of the Society is 
the immense number of persons suffering from tuberculosis. Even 
if we consider those who actually die of this disease each year we 
find that for the State of Pennsylvania it is an army equal in num- 
bers to that ofits National Guard. What consternation would ensue, 
what measures would not be undertaken if we might suppose the 
disease to cease for ten years and then be restored in its full measure 
of mortality ! 
The second element of difficulty is the apathy of our people. 
They have not begun to grasp the idea that tuberculosis is one of the 
preventable diseases. They look upon the mortality from phthisis 
as a part of an inevitable tribute to death that must be paid because 
it always has been paid with such a remarkable regularity that one 
is able to fortell very closely just how many will die of phthisis in 
6 the year. We know now, and we were morally certain at the open- 
ing of the year, that in Philadelphia about 2350 would die of phthisis 
in 1898. But happily in Philadelphia the rate has fallen gradually 
Chart Showing the Steady Reduction in 
Deaths from Consumption per thousand of Population, Philadelphia. 
1870—1897. 
so that, whereas, fifteen years ago about fourteen per cent, of all 
deaths were from phthisis now only about ten per cent, are from that 
cause. The reason is that, as in other warfare, “To know the enemy 
is half the battle. ” So the fuller knowledge of the way in which the 
disease is propagated from the sick to the well enables us in some 
measure to avoid distributing broadcast the germs of the disease, 
and, on the other hand, to avoid receiving them with a strange indif- 
ference which does not seem to exist in our relations to other diseases. 
An institution for the scientific treatment of tuberculosis is a great 
object lesson on the means of prevention of the spread of the disease 
as well as its cure. The sanatoriums in the Adirondack Mountains, 
at Chestnut Hill in Philadelphia, in England, the Isle of Wight, and 
7 Diagram Showing Comparative Mortality by Deaths from Thirteen Prominent Causes of Death in 
Philadelphia, for the Ten Years, 1884—1893, inclusive. on the continent of Europe, by exerting a strict supervision of their 
patients, teach how the disease can be managed and the dan- 
gers of its communication destroyed. So it would be with an insti- 
tution of this kind if established in any locality. Those who go out 
relieved or cured should aid in all measures calculated to diminish 
the disease. 
The Society has made a strong effort to limit the evil of expect- 
oration in public places. The Board of Health was requested by this 
Society to consider the advisability of issuing circulars or public 
notices to be properly distributed, warning against the uncleanly, 
unnecessary, unhealthful and reprehensible practice of spitting, es- 
pecially aby consumptives, in public places, thoroughfares and con- 
veyances. The Board of Health published “ The Spitting Habit ” 
and thousands of copies were widely distributed; now every 
street car in Philadelphia is provided with a sign authorized by 
the Board of Health forbidding the practice of spitting upon the floor. 
The State Live Stock Sanitary Board of Pennsylvania has 
been for about two and a half years and much of its 
work has been in connection with the suppression of tuberculosis of 
cattle. Since its establishment it has caused the condemnation and 
destruction of over 3500 tuberculous cattle. This work is justified 
both from the standpoint of public health and from the standpoint of 
agriculture. In the first place the ingestion of the meat or milk of 
tuberculous animals may produce tuberculosis in the consumer, and 
in the second place this disease is quite contagious among cattle 
and causes very great losses to farmers. Inspections of tuberculous 
herds have been made by the State Veterinarian in all parts of Penn- 
sylvania under the supervision of the State Live Stock Sanitary 
Board. Herds have been found in which the percentage of tuber- 
culosis has been extremely high. In one herd of fifty-six cattle re- 
cently examined fifty-three were afflicted with tuberculosis and 
killed. The average percentage, however, is steadily falling and 
while the proportion of infected cattle in infected herds was as high as 
30 per cent, in the beginning of the work it has been reduced to about 
10 per cent, showing that the herds in which infection is most exten- 
sive are being discovered and disposed of. In some parts of the 
State there is very little, if any tuberculosis of cattle, and the same 
condition prevails in many herds in districts in which tuberculosis is 
most abundant. The absence of tuberculosis seems to depend upon 
freedom from exposure and the prevalence of tuberculosis depends 
9 upon care that the animals receive and the conditions to]which they 
are subjected and the length of time that the outbreak has remained 
undisturbed. Many cases have been observed in which calves and 
swine have become infected with tuberculosis through the consump- 
tion of skimmed milk from creameries supplied in part with milk 
from tuberculous cows. The danger of infection meat 
can only be avoided by obtaining these important foods fromjanimals 
that are known to be healthy, or by destroying by heat the germs 
that they may contain. 
Much progress is being made in the suppression of this import- 
ant disease of domestic animals and this progress is due to several 
lines of work. In the first place tuberculous herds are inspected and 
diseased animals are destroyed outright, thus removing all danger 
that may accompany their existence. The premises occupied by 
such animals are thoroughly disinfected. The owners of cattle are 
placed on guard and upon the first appearance of tuberculosis they 
take precautions to prevent its spread. Great attention is being paid 
to sanitary condition of stables and farmers are now enabled to pur- 
chase cattle that are proven free from tuberculosis by application of 
tub rculin test as a result of the enforcement of the new law requir- 
ing inspection of all dairy cows and cattle for breeding purposes com- 
ing into Pennsylvania from other States. 
The State Live Stock Sanitary Board is now engaged in some 
research work carried on for the purpose of discovering more as to 
the exact manner in which tuberculosis is transmitted from animal 
to animal, the infectiousness of the breath, saliva and secretions of 
tuberculous animals, the infectiousness of the milk at different stages 
of disease and the discovery of practical methods for the prevention 
of the spread of tuberculosis in infected herds. 
In the beginning of this work there was some opposition to it by 
farmers on the ground that it is not necessary and would cause them 
financial loss. That they now appreciate its importance and benefits 
is shown by the fact that the State veterinarin receives fully three 
times as many voluntary applications for examinations of herds as 
can be made with the funds at the disposal of the State Live Stock 
Sanitary Board. TREASURER’S REPORT. 
Helen C. Jenks, Treasurer, in account with the jPenna. Societ)' 
for the Prevention of Tuberculosis, from May 1st, 1897 to April 
13th, 1898. 
Dr. 
Balance, May 1st, 1897 .... $179.17 
Annual Dues, 1896 .... 12.00 
“ “ 1897 47.00 
“ “ 1898 .... 10.00 
“ “ 1899 ..... 1.00 
“ “ 1900 .... 1.00 
Donation, T. W. Sparks, .... 10.00 
“ Mrs. J. L. Welsh, . . . 5.00 
“ .25 
Interest on Deposits, .... 3.60 
$269.02 
Cr. 
Oct. 1897, D. J. Gallagher, 
Printing 100 cards, . . . $ 1.50 
Nov. 1897, Lea Bros., 
3,000 Tracts, . . . 48.39 
Jan. 1898, 1100 penny newspaper wrappers, 12.10 
Jan. 1898, Letter box, , 1.25 
April 13, 1898, Balance, .... 205 78 
$269 02 
We the auditors appointed April 13, 1898, find the accounts 
of the Treasurer correct. 
(Signed) GUY HINSDALE, 
(Signed) SAMUEL G. DIXON. 
The Society has a donation of $100.00 from Dr. and 
Mrs. S. A. Knopf toward the erection a Sanatorium. 
11 CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS. 
Art. I. The name of this Society shall be the Pennsyl- 
vania Society for the Prevention of Tuberculosis. 
CONSTITUTION. 
Art. II. The Society is formed for the purpose of preventing 
tuberculosis (consumption) : 1st, By promulgating the doctrine of 
the contagiousness of the disease; 2d, by instructing the public in 
practical methods of avoidance and prevention ; 3d, by visiting 
the consumptive poor and supplying them with the necessary 
materials with which to protect themselves against the disease, 
and instructing them in their use : 4th, tby furnishing the con- 
sumptive poor with hospital treatment; 5th, by co-operating with 
Boards of Health in such measures they may adopt for the 
prevention of the disease; 6th, by advocating the enactment of 
appropriate laws for the prevention of the disease ; 7th, by such 
other methods as the society may from time to time adopt. 
by-daws. 
Art. I. Members. 
Any person who shall pay one dollar or more into the treasury 
of the Society shall be enrolled as a member for the year in which 
such payment is made. 
Art. II. Officers and Their Duties. 
SECT. i. The officers of the Society shall be a President, 
three or more Vice-Presidents, a Secretary, a Treasurer, a Solicitor, 
and a board of Directors. 
Sect. 2. The President, Vice-Presidents, Secretary, Treasurer, 
and Solicitor shall preform the customary duties of their respective 
offices. 
Sect. 3. The Board of Directors shall consist of fifteen mem- 
bers. It shall have entire control of the business of the Society and 
of the expenditure of its funds, except where otherwise provided for 
by the By-Daws; and it shall appoint such subordinate officers and 
agents as shall be necessary to carry out the work of the Society. 
Art. III. Meetings. 
Sect. i. The Society shall meet annually on the second 
Wednesday in April. 
12 Sect. 2. The Board of Directors shall meet regularly on the 
second Wednesday of every second month, beginning May 10, 1892. 
Sect. 3. The Secretary shall call a special meeting of the 
Board at the written request of three members. 
Art. IV. Elections. 
The officers and Board of Directors shall be elected annually at 
the meeting of the Society in May. All vacancies shall be filled by 
the Board until the next annual meeting. 
Art. V. Expenditures. 
Sect. t. At each regular meeting of the Board of Directors 
all money in the treasury beyond that which is necessary for defray- 
ing the general expenses until the next regular meeting of the Board 
shall be set aside to be used as a Hospital Fund. 
Sect. 2. When the money in the Hospital Fund shall amount 
to $150 or more, a tuberculous patient shall be placed in a hospital 
for every $150 in the Fund. 
Art. VI. Amendments and New By-Eaws. 
New By-Eaws may be adopted or amendments made by a ma- 
jority vote of the Board of Directors. 
MEMBERSHIP LIST. 
(Philadelphia, where no city is mentioned.) 
Anders, H. S., M.D., 1836 Wallace Street. 
Baker, Geo. C., Esq., 804 Market Street. 
Bell, J. E., Miss, Chestnnt Hill. 
Bissell, Mary Taylor, M.D. 142 West 44th St., New York City. 
Bissell, W. G., M.D., Health Department, Buffalo, N. Y. 
Brannan, John Winters, M.D., 11 W. 12th St., New York City 
Carrigan, Gordon S., P. O. Box 724 
Carroll, Emma, Miss, 1629 S. 16th Street. 
Carruthers, Georgina H., Miss, 3000 Frankford Avenue. 
Castner, Samuel, Jr., 328 Chestnut Street. 
Cohen, J. Solis, 1431 Walnut Street. 
Conover, S. S., Miss., 1314 Pine Street. 
Cooke, Edwin S., M.D., 1616 Christian Street. 
13 Cramp, David D. 804 Market Street. 
Crider, George A , 804 Market Street. 
Daland, Judson, M.D , 319 S. 18th Street. 
Davis, Theo. G., M.D., 118 Commerce St., Bridgeton, N. J. 
Davisson, A. H., M.D., 2024 Pine Street. 
Dixon, Samuel G., M.D., Academy of Natural Sciences. 
Dixon, Samuel G., Mrs. 
Dunn, Chas. B., Dunn Brothers, Bankers, Chestnut Hill. 
Engel, Joseph M., 804 Market Stteet. 
Eskridge, J. T , M.D., Equitable Building, Denver, Colo. 
Farr, Caroline, Miss, 2218 Trinity Place. 
Farr, W. W., M. D., 5800 Green St., Germantown. 
Farrelly, Stephen, 39 Chambers St., N. Y. 
Fisher, Henry M., M.D. 317 S. 12th Street. 
Flick, Lawrence F., M.D., 736 Pine Street. 
Flick, Lawrence F., Mrs., 736 Pine Street. 
Flick, Lawrence F. P., 736 Pine Street. 
Gilliams, E. Leslie, 806 Walnut Street. 
Girwin, A. J. 2002 Pine Street. 
Gonzaga, Sister, Carnegie Hospital, South Boston, Mass. 
Green, Maggie T., Miss, 503 Pine Street. 
Gryttenholm, K , M.D., Lumbrota, Minn. 
Hallahan, P. T., 759 Passayunk Ave. 
Hampton, M. E. B., Mrs., 2010 Arch Street. 
Haydon, Marie W-, M.D., 2215 Vine Street. 
Hinsdale, G., M.D., 3943 Chestnut Street. 
Hookey, A. C., 2464 Frankford Avenue. 
Jackson, Edward, M.D., McPhee Building, Denver, Colo. 
Jenks, Wm. F., Mrs., 920 Clinton Street. 
Johnson, F. C., M.D. Wilkes-Barre, Pa. 
Kromer, Louise, Miss, 1920 Mt. Vernon Street. 
Knopf, S. A., M.D., 955 Madison Avenue, New York. 
Knopf, S. A., Mrs., 955 Madison Avenue, New York. 
Landis, H. D. Mrs., Chestnut Hill. 
Landis, Henry, M. D., Reading, Pa. 
Lee, Benjamin, M.D., 1532 Pine Street. 
Levy, Max, 4508 Rubicam Avenue, Germantown. 
Lomb, Henry, Rochester, N. Y. 
McCullen, Joseph P., Brown Building. 
Moore, E. M., M.D., Rochester, N. Y. 
14 Morse, Edwin F., 1105 Frankford Avenue. 
Moss, Wm., M.D., Chestnut Hill. 
Musser, J. H., M.D., 1927 Chestnut Street. 
Nolan, Edward J., M. D., 831 N. 20th Street. 
Otis, E. O., M.D., 308 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston, Mass 
Pearson, Leonard, M.D., University of Pennsylvania. 
Perkins, J., M.D., Providence, R. I. 
Preston, David, 511 S. 9th Street. 
Randall, M. N., Miss, 1724 Pine Street. 
Ravenel Mazyck, P. University of Pennsylvania. 
Redfield, Eliza W., N. 34th Street. 
Rhoads, J. Neely, M.D., 1610 S. 7th Street. 
Richards, J. Harvey, 4403 Spruce Street. 
Risley, Samuel D., M. D., 1722 Walnut Street. 
Roberts, John B., M.D., 1627 Walnut Street. 
Robb, Wm. H., M.D., 18 Grove Street, Amsterdam, N. Y. 
Ross, J. W , M.D., Clarksville, Tenn. 
Scully, Rev. J. J., S. J., 317 Willing’s Alley. 
Shattuck, Fred. C., M.D., Marlborough Street, Boston, Mass. 
Snellenburg, Samuel W., 5th and Passayunk Avenue. 
Sparks, Thos. W., T21 Walnut Street. 
Stanton, James L-, 412 Drexel Building. 
Stewardson. Thos. Chestnut Hill. 
Strittmatter, J. P., M.D., 999 N. 6th Street. 
Thomas, Geo. C., Mrs., 301 South 21st Street. 
Trudeau, E. L-, M. D., Saranac Lake, N. Y. 
Turner, Jas. P , Rev., 18th and Summer Streets. 
Turner, J. V. P., Board of Health, City Hall. 
Veale, Moses, Major, 727 Walnut Street. 
Vickery, Herman, M. D., 263 Beacon Street, Boston, Mass. 
Wanamaker, John, 13th and Market Streets. 
Welsh, J. Lowber, Mrs., Chestnut Hill. 
White, R. P., Mrs., 2024 Chestnut Street. 
Wightman, J. G., M. D., 2022 Wallace Street. 
Williams, Talcott, 916 Pine Street. 
Wilson, J. C., M. D., 1437 Walnut Street. 
Windrim, James H., Mrs., 817 North Broad Street. 
Wood, Albert, M. D., 67 Pleasant Street, Worcester, Mass. Any one desirous of becoming a member of the Pennsylvania 
Society for the Prevention of Tuberculosis can do so by sending his 
or her name and one dollar to the Treasurer, (Mrs.) Helen C. Jenks, 
920 Clinton Street, Philadelphia, or to any of the officers or directors. 
A single payment of ten dollars entitles one to Life Membership. 
Members are urged to invite others to join the Society and to 
aid it by donations or subscriptions.