OUR BABY’S 
First AND Second Years. 
By MARION HARLAND. 
Editor of “BABYHOOD,” and Author of “COMMOX SENSE IN 
THE HOUSEHOLD“EYE’S DAUGHTERS 
Ett~E-tc. — —_ 
REED & CARNRICK, 7 7 
Mercantile Exchange Building, 2, 4 and 6 Harrison Street. ( 
Near Franklin Street Station of Sixth and Ninth Avenue Elevated Roads. 
New York. 
Canada: 
to Colbome St., 
Toronto. 
Laboratory 
V onkers-on-Hudson, 
N. Y. 
England: 
24 Hart Street, 
London, W. C. Willis McDonald & Co., Printers, 
No. 26 Park Row, N. Y. OUR BABY’S FIRST YEAR. 
The phrase “ a cold world ” is not a mere figure of speech 
when taken in connection with the new-born child. The birth- 
cry is his protest against the ungenial atmosphere which inflates 
his lungs and envelopes his body. 
Heat is Life; Cold is Heath. The percentage of infants 
born in winter who do not outlive the day that gave them breath 
furnishes annual iterations of this truth. If a sleeping man were 
snatched from a warm bed and aroused by being tossed into a 
snow-drift, he would not suffer more than does the tiny creature 
whose senses all awake at once with the cuticular recoil from the 
dry, harsh air. Should the mother’s exhaustion or the nurse’s 
rules banish him from the natural covert of young animals, the 
maternal arms and bosom, let the flannels which are the poor 
substitute be warmed, when he is washed and dressed, and a 
rubber bag of hot water be introduced beneath them to diffuse 
gentle warmth that may ward off fast-nearing congestion. The 
earliest imperative need of the human youngling is to be cuddled, 
until the extremities are as warm as the trunk, and all kept at a 
uniform temperature. 
A Parisian doctor has invented a brooding-case with especial 
reference to prematurely-born infants. The heat is even and 4 
high, and food introduced by means of tubes fitted in the side of 
the glass box. While it is not practicable to provide private 
families with this miniature conservatory for the preservation of 
infant immortals, similar results may be obtained by the use ol 
the means I have indicated. Animal heat must be maintained 
until Nature, wearied by the throes of the birth, can make a 
stand. Reinforcement of vital agencies must come from without. 
If the mother be moderately comfortable, the baby should, 
when but a few hours old, be laid beside her and his lips ap- 
plied to the breast. 
“ The child needs no nourishment yet,” says the trained nurse. 
“The mother has nothing for it,” objects the old-fashioned 
“granny,” and, lest the little one should starve through this 
oversight of Nature, she lays the train for the initiatory colic by 
pouring down milk-and-water, then sweet oil thick with sugar 
“ to clear the bowels ” 
Both women are as right as both are wrong. The c'.'.ild is 
not hungry, nor is there milk in the mother’s breast There is a 
secretion known as colostrum—“a nutritious fluid, eminently 
appropriate to the necessities of the babe until the ‘ milk comes.’ 
It is a bland, yellowish emulsion that dilates tne stomach and 
purges the bowels.” This is of itself sufficient to keep the child 
alive and in good case until, having prepared the system for 
that which is to be the staff of infant-life for months to come, the 
“yellowish emulsion ” gives place to white milk. 
If there be a natural law without exception it is that the 
healthy mother ought to nurse her child. Every deviation from 5 
it is, when considered most favorably, only an attempt to make 
the best of an unavoidable evil, skillful navigation of a crippled 
craft into harbor. No question of convenience, of vanity, of 
selfish ease should be admitted into the discussion of the matter. 
The case comes under the solemn statute,—“ What God hath 
joined together let not man ” (or woman) *• put asunder.” The 
woman who is denied the privilege of nursing her offspring is 
afflicted and an object of pity. Her unfortunate child is de- 
frauded. 
As soon as the flow of milk becomes steady, and the baby 
can take enough to satisfy hungei\ a plan of regular meals 
should be established. These may be, for the first month, an 
hour and a half apart, and the intervals gradually increased un- 
til, by the time a quarter-year has gone by, the child is fed every 
three hours by day, and twice during the night. The latter reg- 
ulation is less easily enforced than the former. With the pre- 
cision of clock-work the small stomach is apt to assert the de- 
termination to be replenished at day-rates and seasons, and the 
mother’s rest becomes a nominal quantity. Persistence and 
much patience are required to rectify the difficulty. Sometimes 
the clamor for food may be soothed by a few teaspoonfuls of 
water, boiled and cooled. If thirst induced the outcry, the child 
w ill often lapse into slumber without further complaint. Should 
the experiment fail, let the guardian assure herself that he is 
comfortable externally, and if his last meal was abundant, stay 
her sympathies with the knowledge that he is not really in need 
of food, then let him cry until he falls asleep or the appointed 6 
time for feeding him arrives. A little firmness in carrying out 
her purpose will effect a reform, until the half-year-old will sleep 
from early bed time until morning. 
Few mothers, however healthy, supply enough milk for the 
entire nourishment of a hearty, growing infant of six or eight 
months old. With many the yield is so small that within a few 
weeks after birth it is necessary to supplement it by the feeding- 
bottle. Even when the natural head of milk, as it is called in 
technical phrase, is full and strong, the need of a supplementary 
supply becomes manifest when the saliva begins to flow freely in 
baby’s mouth, causing him to drivel, as the old English classics 
put it—“ to drool,” in common nursery parlance. This begins 
usually when a healthy child is between four and five months old, 
although in some cases there are no indications of it up to six 
months. Infants who prior to this period have seemed abundant- 
ly satisfied with the mother’s milk, often then grow puny, or seem 
to be continually hungry. Old wives soothe young parents’ anx- 
ieties with talk of the teeth which are “starting far down in the 
gum,” when, in perhaps seven cases out of ten, the child is in a 
state of rrild but chronic starvation. The milk, his sole depend- 
ence, is no longer as rich as when the flow began, and depreciates 
daily in quality as the mother becomes weaker under the demands 
of the growing child. More substantial elements should be add- 
ed to or substituted for the natural food. 
What shall be this addition or substitute is a subject than 
which none more important will be presented for the parent’s de- 
cision while her charge remains the baby of the home. If it be 7 
a matter of interest to one above whose heart the sweet springs 
of white nourishment are ready to second Nature’s effort in be- 
half of a sick or fragile baby, the question is freighted with 
agony of desire to her who has no such resource; who from the 
first day or month of the new life depends upon artificial foods to 
sustain it. The list of these is so long, the claims of each 
pressed with such pertinacity, and backed by names of such 
weight, that she is tempted to catch at the suggestion of 
the nearest or most officious neighbor whose child has pulled 
through a sickly infancy on this or that much-advertised 
compound, warranted to be superior in quality and effect to 
mother’s milk. Said “pulling through ”—had we time to discuss 
it—would generally stand revealed as a notable example of the 
“ survival of the toughest ” among that phenomenally tough class, 
misfed and otherwise misused infants. 
That there are foods and foods the tyro in nursing dietetics 
admits groaningly. The conscientious mother who seeks that 
which will meet the increasing needs of her little one—give 
through the marvelous alembic of the stomach what will enrich 
the blood, strengthen brain and bone with phosphates, cover the 
growing framework with pure, firm flesh, and keep the digestive 
apparatus in perfect working order—should bring to the task of 
selection her best powers. Quackery riots here in a field as wide 
as that of the so called curative profession, and with as much 
power for evil. Suffer a word of caution. Variety of diet may 
be essential to the well being of baby’s elders. Abjure mixtures 
and experiments for him. Find one really excellent thing that 8 
agrees with him, and while he continues to thrive upon it, turn a 
deaf ear to recommendations of rival preparations. “ Let well 
enough alone” is your best watchword. 
Let her classify and give the preference to foods that contain 
the proper proportions of fat-forming, bone-forming, and muscle- 
forming elements; to ascertain this, observe the analyses made by 
trustworthy chemists, and then judge for kernel/. The duty is 
plain. If it is not easy, it is, nevertheless, duty—and hers. 
Next in importance to the selection of a dietary, und regular- 
ity in administering food, come the time and manner of baby’s 
sleep. Be he of ever so phlegmatic a temperament, he lives hard 
and fast. He never intermits the prodigal waste of cellular 
tissue except when his senses are absolutely sealed to impressions 
from without. 
To deprive him of abundant opportunities of recuperating 
his energies is cruel, yet, in most households, the fact that a 
“broken nap” prefaces annoyance to his custodians, has more to 
do with respect for his siesta than has thought of the real harm 
done to growth and nerve. lie should sleep always in a well- 
aired and shaded room and never be aroused even to take food. 
His web of life is all a “ raveled sleeve” by the time he suc- 
cumbs to somnolence. Let it be “ knit up ” to the outermost 
edge and turned off leisurely. A stitch rudely or carelessly 
dropped runs all the way down. 
Baby’s clothing must be simple, fit loosely and be clean. 
“ Plenty of flannel ” is an article of the nursery code that defies 
amendment, but the woolen fabric that touches the skin should 9 
not be rough. Friction and irritation do not mean the same 
thing or subserve the same ends. Where soft worsted stuffs 
cannot be afforded, substitute canton flannel, made up with the 
nap inward. 
The bath, as facilitating the action of the skin, is a factor 
without which the sum of baby-life cannot be made to “ come 
out right.” That given at bed-time is yet more useful than that 
which goes with the morning toilet. The child is always tired 
out by sundown; his mind is a trampled field; his nerves are 
tense, muscles and bones sore. 
The warm bath (at a temperature of ninety degrees) draws 
the blood from the brain, equalizes the circulation, and induces a 
delicious languor which is the sure precursor of sound sleep. If 
it is judged inexpedient to give two plunge-baths in one day, 
sponge him well in the morning and reserve the “ tubbing ” for 
even-tide. Make both ablutions thorough. Leave no effete or 
foreign matter in the pores to be absorbed and wrought over and 
again by the vital juices. Keep him clean, inside and out, 
watching not only what enters in, but that which is cast out. 
Habits easily formed now may last him all his life. 
Modern science has robbed the dentition-period of many ter- 
rors by showing that since it is a normal process, the complica- 
tions attendant upon it—particularly in hot weather—are to be 
governed by natural laws. 
Dr. Ripley, of the New York Polyclinic College, says: 
“ Young turkeys and chickens suffer with the same symptoms 
during the summer, and are successfully treated by keeping them 10 
in a cooler atmosphere and looking carefully after their diet. As 
these fowls do not cut teeth, we may safely assert that teething 
cannot be held accountable for their ‘ troubles.’ ” 
If it were possible to ascertain the truth on this head, I doubt 
not it would be found that twice as many babies die from what 
may be called “ false dentition ” as from the irregularities directly 
incident to real teething. Indispositions of all kinds are passed 
over as “only teething,” which demand prompt treatment. Den- 
tition is rarely a primary cause of illness. Heat, undue excite- 
ment, change of food, or perseverance in the use of an improper 
diet, sudden check of perspiration—any one of a dozen impru- 
dences—may derange digestion or bring on fever, and the teeth 
get the full blame. 
As in health so in sickness, reject drugs as long a3 external 
applications and diet will relieve irregularities, temper fever- 
heat, and restore tone to the system. 
These, then, are the cardinal principles by the observance of 
which our sub-yearling baby may, with the blessing of Heaven, 
be tided over the first stage of life : 
1. Exceeding care in the piotection of lungs and surface im- 
mediately after birth, and until he becomes acclimated in the 
new and strange zone. 
- 2. Choice, from the beginning of the feeding-period, of that 
aliment which will be most easily assimilated by the digestive 
organs; and the regular administration of this. 
3. Sound sleep, and plenty of it, taken at stated seasons. 11 
4. Cleanliness, combined with loose and comfortable gar- 
ments. 
5. Heedful attention to the secretions and excretions of the 
body, and the management of these by nursely rather than medi- 
cal care. A judicious dietary is susceptible of modifications that 
should supersede the need of medicines. 
SECOND YEAR. 
If Our Baby is fairly healthy and has had no serious draw- 
backs of sickness or accident, we may reasonably expect him to 
creep, perhaps stand, to utter a few words, and to have several 
teeth when he enters upon his thirteenth month. 
The number of mothers who rise superior to the temptation 
to push forward the firstborn in the acquisition of such accom- 
plishments as are possible at this early age, is lamentably small. 
It is tedious waiting from day to day and week to week for the 
growth of the nursling into “interesting” individuality. That a 
neighbor’s yearling child walks and runs and ties his words into 
sentences, while ours, albeit as well and strong, is content to roll 12 
on the floor, to pull himself, inch-worm fashion, from spot to spot 
and can just articulate “ Mamma” and “Papa,” is not an afflic- 
tion. It ought not to be a mortification. Sound sense and phi- 
losophy reassure us in the reflection that what is normal growth 
in one constitution would be premature, therefore exhaustive 
progress in another. 
Cultivate your little one as you do your flowers, removing all 
noxious influences, and preparing the soil to receive the full ben- 
efit of the good, then let Nature work at her wise will. Your 
business at this date, solicitous mother, is to lay foundation 
stones. Dressing and carving add nothing to their strength. The 
attempt to force baby into a prodigy subserves no good end, un- 
less ministration to maternal vanity be a worthy purpose and 
aim. 
In close attendance upon the rejoicings over the; first anniver- 
sary of the infant’s birth, like the black shadow that dogs the 
sunshine, comes the thought of the baneful second summer. Med- 
ical science is mercifully trying to strip this of some of the hor- 
rors cast about it by tradition. Dr. Jacobi, President of the New 
York Academy of Medicine, in a few strong utterances, reduces 
these to a minimum : 
“ With each additional day that separates it from its birth, the 
child becomes stronger and better fitted to survive. The mortal- 
ity decreases with each week, each month, and each year. The 
second summer demands fewer victims than the first.” 
We have spoken of the choice of diet as the most important 
question that confronts the parent while her child is still an in- 13 
fant. However irrational the disposition may appear to an im 
partial observer, it cannot be denied that most people who have 
charge of babies are possessed with the desire to incite them to 
gastronomic adventure. With somewhat of the prankish humor 
that prompts boys to toss peanuts to monkeys, parents want to 
see baby at the table, and when there, please themselves and him 
by trying the effect of various viands on the unsophisticated pal- 
ate. He sucks chicken bones when teething, and smacks his lips 
over the salt savoriness with gusto mamma and aunties extol as 
“ too cunning ! ” I once saw a mother give her fourth child, aged 
ten months, a pickled cucumber, “just to see how he would take 
it.” He grimaced drolly for a moment, then, making up his 
mind that it was an agreeable variety in his bill of fare, closed 
his gums greedily upon it, and screamed when it was wrested 
from him. The parent showed, with actual pride, how the acid 
of the green horror had whitened the skin on the inside of his 
mouth. 
“Yet how he held on to it, the plucky little darling ! ” The 
she-ostrich may feel the same kind of gratification in her fledg- 
ling’s first meal of gravel stones. 
A common practice among the poor is to wean babies from 
the bottle on fat salt pork. The oleaginous bit is tied to a string, 
then thrust into the child’s mouth. At the risk of straining the 
credulity of some readers, I affirm from personal observation, 
that the loose end of the cord is sometimes attached to the in- 
fant’s great toe, a prudential contrivance suggested by the proba- 14 
bility that in a paroxysm of strangulation, the victim will kick 
violently, and the cause act as cure ! 
These are, it may be said, extreme cases of ignorance and 
folly, on which calculations should not be based. But in many 
families where sanitary laws are understood and respected, the 
question/' On what shall baby be weaned ? ” when settled, is like 
the letting in of a flood. With the removal of the bottle from 
the list of household properties, everything like food-regimen is 
dismissed. The second summer finds baby in his high chair at 
the table with the rest, his plate supplied with potatoes, gravy, 
meat, puddings, and more hurtful sweets, all of which he washes 
down with ice-water. 
“ He still drinks milk,” the mother remarks, with a conscience 
at peace with Dietetics, and except upon occasions, he is not 
allowed to eat plum cake and mince pie. The long forenoon nap, 
for the right benefit of which he used to be undressed and laid 
down in a quiet, darkened room, is, as a positive regulation, de- 
mitted. When he is tired of play, and seems drowsy, he is 
“ dumped,” with his clothes on, upon a lounge, or in warm 
weather, left to lie on the matting in the corner to which he has 
crept. 
When a child has passed milestone No. 1 on the turnpike of 
human life, there is an unacknowledged sense of security in the 
belief that he has mastered the art of existence, which engenders 
carelessness. He can begin now to look out for himself. That 
he gnaws knowingly at bread crusts is accepted as a warrant of 
his ability to digest pastry. A lump of sugar is offered as a 15 
bribe for “a pretty kiss,” and works no appreciable harm on the 
stomach-coat. Ripe fresh fruit is surely an innocent indulgence. 
Why, then, withhold preserves when he frets for them? This 
same fretting is a mighty lever in the overthrow of prudence. 
“It hurts him more to cry for a thing than it would were he to 
eat it,” is an excuse that, like Christiana’s death-arrow, “ being 
sharpened with-love, is let easily into the heart.” 
Most children are weaned—as they should be—from breast or 
bottle before they are a year old. In such a vast number of in- 
stances that the rule may be accepted as stringent, the substitute 
for the mother’s milk should be some really excellent artificial 
food containing the same elements, but more substantial in form. 
With the bottle-baby, the only change should be to teach the in- 
fant to take nourishment from a cup instead of a nipple ; to give 
larger quantities of food and in stronger proportions. This is of 
course and always provided the nutriment continues to deserve 
its name, and the baby to thrive thereupon. 
“ My boy is a year old,” wrote a mother to her physician. “ I 
have brought him up thus far on the food recommended by you. 
It agrees with him perfectly, but he is so large and strong that I 
suppose I ought to begin soon wi;h something more substantial. 
What shall it be ? ” 
The sensible doctor replied in two-and-a-half lines : “ That 
your boy is large and strong on his present diet shows that you 
should make no ch tnge as yet. Wait at least until the second 
summer is over.” 
Babies have grown up to be valuable and robust members of 16 
society who, prior to the celebration of the second birthday anni- 
versary, ate nothing more “ substantial ” than bread and milk, 
porridge, and after the heat of the “ fatal summer ” had passed, 
broth, well made and well skimmed. 
Imitate Nature’s methods in simplicity, for the major part 
of the second year of your child’s life, the Great Mother has an 
important task on hand. Ihe early stages of dentition passed in 
the latter half of the first twelvemonth, were mere child’s play 
compared with what follows. Haby nibbles that which stands, by 
courtesy, for his birthday cake, with eight teeth, four “incisors ” 
in the lower jaw, and four in the upper. There is also ominous 
enlargement of the gums further back, the forerunner of the first 
“ molars,” or grinders. This is only the “ blocking out” of serious 
work. The “ canine,” or eye and stomach teeth succeed these, 
usually, after an interval of some months, and, as the old wives 
put it, “ come hard.” 
“ While theie are probably few derangements of which teeth- 
ing is the prime cause, it is often an auxiliary, or predisposing 
cause.” Thus writes Dr. Yale, too well known as a wise and 
kindly master of children’s diseases to need introduction here. 
He continues: “A peculiar liability to diarrhoea exists dur- 
ing the period of teething, owing to developmental changes in 
the intestines which are going on at the same time. Take these 
two considerations together, and it will be at once seen that but 
little of the danger of the dreaded “second summer” can be 
fairly charged to the teeth. The predisposition to bowel trouble 17 
lies in the bowels themselves. The heat adds its help in the same 
direction.” 
The affectionate mother or devoted nurse complicates the 
evils of the crucial season by teaching baby to “ eat like a man.” 
Nature, true to her principle of doing one thing at a time, and 
doing this well, resents the injudicious interference. 
Give, therefore, the digestive organs few new tasks to learn 
while “ developmental changes are going on.” If variation of 
diet is necessary,let it be as little radical as is consistent with the 
child’s well-being. If he cannot come to the table without cry- 
ing for what he ought not to have, keep him away. It is, how- 
ever, more than probable that he will not covet what he has never 
tasted, unless he belongs to the class of children who proverbi- 
ally cry for the moon, because you are one of the mothers who 
foster lunar ambitions. 
Let moderation gauge your desire to have your child stand 
and walk, and do not discourage him when he would creep. lie 
learns confidence in his own powers, straightens his legs and 
spine, and strengthens joint tissues by going like the nondescript 
animal of the Sphinx’s enigma, “ on all fours in the morning.” 
A well made infant who is not very obese or nervously timid, 
will, if healthy, walk quite as soon as is good for him. 
A year-old baby should have formed the habit of good hu- 
mored obedience to the mother’s command. At two years this 
should be confirmed into second nature. The influence of it upon 
his health iind happiness cannot be overrated. A child who would 
be entirely comfortable if he did not persist in whining and teas- 18 
ing for what is denied him, is not likely to remain sane, hodily, 
unless cured of the disagreeable practice. Passionate crying, in 
duced by bad temper, raises the, temperature of the body and 
retards digestion in health. It is better to have two or three 
shirp contests of will, to measure your strength deliberately with 
his, and let him know you as his superior, than to temporize 
weakly until you find yourself at his mercy in a crisis when a bat 
tie might cause mortal injury. The will that would in the six- 
month-old bend like a willow wand, hardens into iron-wood with 
lapse of time and neglected opportunities. For his physical, if 
not his moral good, ‘‘ Baby must mind.” 
In preparing, at the publisher’s request, this familiar talk 
with my sister-women, all over the country, I have spoken with 
simplicity and directness, yet, perforce, left out much that my 
heart prompts me to say. 
“ Call no woman busy until she has a baby ! ” parodied a 
merry young mother in my hearing. 
More seriously I quote her, with a difference: “Call no wo- 
man happy until she has a baby ! ” * 
That the gift involves need of wisdom, of faith, of self-denial, 
of the eternal patience declared by the sculptor-painter to be the 
synonym of genius, is but proof of its value. 
If it be a “queendom to be a simple wife,” The Mother is a 
Lady of Kingdoms, the bane or blessing of whose dominion will 
outlast the stars. 19 
CARNRICK’S SOLUBLE FOOD. 
A Brief History of its Origin. 
It *is often remarked that “ necessity is the mother of inven- 
tion,” and it was literally true in the production of Soluble 
Food. 
A few months after the birth of my child I was compelled to 
engage a wet nurse. He thrived for a short time, but was at- 
tacked so frequently with stomach and bowel ailments that I was 
compelled to predigest the milk from the cow, and in some in- 
stances the milk from the breast of the wet nurse, to keep him 
alive. 
At intervals, 1 tried all of the most popular foods in the market, 
prepared for infants and children, without success. During this 
time he had two attacks of well-defined cholera infantum, which 
were fully relieved by giving Beef Peptonoids, using beef tea as a 
vehicle, with occasionally a little brandy ; but as Beef Peptonoids 
is too highly nutritive for a child so young to continue as a regular 
food, I commenced the analysis of the various foods in use for 
children, and found that not one of them resembled, to any great 
extent, human milk. A perfect food for infants and children 
must contain the same proportion of constituents and be as easily 
digested as a good quality of mother’s milk. 
I found that none of them contained much more than half, and 
some of them much less than half, the necessary amount of mus- 20 
ole or flesh-forming material required to thoroughly nourish 
the child. They all contained too little lime (some of them 
scarcely any at all) for the formation of the bones and teeth. 
They all contained too little fat or heat producers, and some of 
them only a trace. The above three principles are essential i’i 
their proper proportions to a perfect food. The result of these 
analyses, and the practical trial of most of the “ artificial foods,” 
induced me to prepare a food for infants and children that would, 
without any addition or mixture, resemble human milk in com- 
position and digestibility. 
Nature has supplied these constituents in human milk in quan- 
tities requisite to construct and support every tissue of the child’s 
body, and the only food in the market that supplies them, 
in the same proportions as in human milk, is Soluble Food. 
The next important feature to be considered is the easy diges- 
tibility of human milk. The casein or cheesy part of human 
milk is very nearly digested in its natural form, so much so that 
the infant will digest it and assimilate it every half hour. To 
make the casein or cheesy part of the cow’s milk in Soluble 
Food possess the same characteristics as the casein in human 
milk, it is partially predigested with pancreatine, and it there- 
fore cannot form into curds in the child’s stomach. 
Soluble Food is composed, in equal proportions, of the solid 
constituents of milk and the finest quality of wheat. The starch 
in the wheat is converted into dextrine and soluble starch by be- 
ing kept in a vacuum pan for eight hours at a temperature of 
about 350 deg. Fahrenheit. It is well known that starch when 21 
converted into dextrine not only stimulates digestion T>ut re- 
moves all danger of acid fermentation. Nearly nil infants’ foods 
in the market are made entirely from the cereals and are conse- 
quently not sufficiently nutritive in muscle and bone-forming 
material to nourish the child. The starch in these foods is 
either in a raw state, which the child under ten months old can- 
not digest, or is converted into sugar, in which form it is liable 
to produce acid fermentation in the child's stomach. 
During the past twenty-two years I have devoted my whole 
time to the production and manufacture of pharmaceutical and 
food products, many of wThich are used by the Medical Profession 
largely in every part of the world, and I believe I have never yet 
offered a new product to the profession that has not been a 
great advancement upon those in use for similar purposes. 
My practical experience with this Food, and hundreds of 
cases coming within my immediate knowledge, convince me that 
if Soluble Food is used alone there need be no fear of cholera 
infantum, or stomach or bowel complaints with children. 
I have only to add that my child (whose digestive functions 
were naturally feeble) has lived almost entirely upon Soluble 
Food for the past twenty months without a single return of his for- 
mer ailments, and has been thoroughly and perfectly nourished. 
J. CARNRICK. 22 
The Introduction and Sale of Infants* Foods. 
In the introduction of an infant’s food, certain prominent 
channels are generally followed by those who wish to convince 
the medical profession or the public that their product is the 
most worthy of attention. Prominent practitioners must be 
interviewed, hospitals should be sampled, and a mass of testi- 
monials accumulated, all showing that this product is far superior 
to any ever yet produced. Without the least intention to depre- 
ciate the value of such evidence, we submit that there are 
certain incontrovertible tests which must prove without argu- 
ment whether the claim set forth by the manufacturer has a firm 
foundation or not. 
1st. A careful analysis by competent and unquestioned 
authority. 
2nd. A comparison of the finished product with the article 
for which it is intended as a substitute, and this without the ad- 
mixture of any substance calculated to increase its value; as, 
for instance, in the case of an infant’s food, the addition of cow’s 
milk before analysis, when it is not found mixed with the food 
as you purchase it in the shops. 
3kd. An actual test by yourself, without prejudice. 
With reference to artificial infants’ foods, if you will examine 
the pamphlets published by the manufacturers of the most prom- 
inent artificial foods, you will observe that they generally pub- 
lish an analysis showing the great similarity of the food with 
human milk. We give an illustration. They usually run about 
as follows: 23 
Analysis of mother’s milk and the prepared food is based 
upon the following mixture: Prepared food, 5.90; water, 24.90; 
milk, 69.20; or a trifle over 5 per cent, of this food is added to 
the milk and water, and then an analysis shows an approximation 
to human milk. You can take ordinary wheat flour and make 
quite as satisfactory analysis. 
The best authorities have long claimed that the addition of 
5.8 per cent, of warm water and 3.32 of sugar to cow’s milk 
would make a mixture closely resemblirg human milk. 
The great need is not an article which can be added to cow’s 
milk, but a perfect food which can be taken alone, and which 
comprises all the elements necessary to sustain infantile life in 
itself, and which does not depend upon the admixture of 95 per 
cent, cow’s milk, as shown in the instance above stated. 
Cow’s milk is a difficult article to obtain in a perfect condition, 
especially in the large cities, and an infant’s food that contains all 
the constituents of human milk in proper proportion, without the 
necessity of combining it with cow’s milk in the condition which 
it is usually offered for sale, must be the most satisfactory in 
every respect. 
A gallon of a good quality of cow’s milk contains seven pints 
of water and about one pound of solid matter. One step in the 
preparation of Carnrick’s Soluble Food is to take the milk 
fresh and warm as it comes from the cow and place it in a vacu- 
um pan and take out the water, leaving all the nutritive constit- 
uents of the milk in powder form. It is plainly seen that by 
this process no contamination can possibly reach the milk. 
Carnrick’s Soluble F°ou, mixed with water, requires no 24 
milk—requires no cooking or heating to the boiling point, unless 
to destroy any germs that might exist in the water ; alone, 
without the addition of cow’s milk, it shows an almost perfect 
resemblance to human milk ; and is the cheapest artificial food, 
because it obviates the necessity of purchasing cow’s milk. (See 
directions.) 
It will be noticed that the several foods largely vary in their 
composition, while Carnrick’s Soluble Food maintains the same 
symmetrical proportion in each instance—containing nearly 
double the amount of flesh and blood and bone-forming material 
found in the other preparations, and proportioned the same jis 
human milk. 
There is unquestionably great danger in using cow’s milk, 
and condensed milk, fur the casein or curd is too difficult for 
the child to perfectly digest and assimilate. Soluble Food con- 
tains a large proportion of the solid constituents of cow’s milk, 
but the casein or curd of the milk is predigested, and rendered 
as easily digested by the child as mother’s milk. 
“ Which is the best infant’s food?” is a question that has 
been, and is to-day, repeatedly asked by the parent of the physi- 
cian and the druggist. 
What qualities go to make up a perfect infant’s food? 
The answer is, a food that contains the same constituents and 
is as easily digested as mother's milk. 
A food that contains the requisite quantity of muscle-forming 
elements. 
A food that contains the necessary quantity of bone-forming 
elements. _ — 25 
A food that contains the desired quantity of fat-producing 
elements. 
A food that is quickly and easily digested. 
A food that is quickly prepared for use. 
We can truthfully state, and without fear of contradiction, that 
the only perfect food that meets these requirements is Soluble 
Food, and to verify our statement we offer the opinion of Prof. 
Stutzer, who analyzed all the principal prepared foods for children, 
and published same in the Pharmaceut. Central Halle, Berlin, 
1886, No. 8. Republished in the Pharmaceutische Rundschau 
(New York), 1886, page 89. 
Prof. Stutzer is admittedly one of the most reliable and expe- 
rienced food analysts in the world, lie is the food analyst for 
the Prussian Government. We give below his tabular state- 
ment and his remarks in reference to Soluble Food. We would 
add that his analysis included every food that is used to any 
extent in this country or Europe. 
Analysis of English and American Infants’ Food. 
By Dr. Stutzkr, of Bonn, Germany, Food Analyst for Rhenish Prussia. 
The various kinds of artificially Prepared Infants’ Foods vary 
much in their composition and in the proportion of their com- 
ponent parts as regards digestibility and nutritive value. In- 
asmuch as the use of artificial Infants’ Foods has steadily in- 
creased, and, therefore, become of much importance to all 
classes, the true value of such foods should be better known, 26 
their manufacture more strictly controlled, and from time to 
time they should be analyzed and reported through the press. 
Large quantities of such foods, which have been manufac- 
tured without due consideration requisite for a rational Infants’ 
Food, are annually brought into the market and consumed; 
whereas, such preparations being deficient in either proper 
nutrition or disproportionate in their non-nitrogenous and nitrog- 
enous components and inorganic salts, should not be uspd for 
the feeding of infants. Such crude kinds of artificial food are 
neither adapted for ready digestion nor for healthy nutrition, and 
can cause more harm to the infantile system than, for instance, 
adulterated wine or spices to an adult. 
In order to bring this matter to a practical issue, 1 have 
made an analysis of the more popular English and American 
Infants’ Foods and have arranged the results for ready and com- 
parative reference in the following table: 
Carn- 
rick’s 
Sol’le 
Food. 
Fat 
4 06 
5 00 
0 50 
2.19 
0.60 
1.27 
2.37 
0.80 
Protein substances (albuminoids) 
11 46 
18 ‘22 
8.34 
9.05 
11.80 
8 76 
12 88 
10.73 
Carbohydrates 
76.6!) 
67 74 
79.29 
78.44 
79 04 
80 45 
76.03 
78 88 
0 10 
0 58 
1.54 
0 .55 
0.78 
1 09 
0.97 
Water 
fi 81 
6 14 
7.76 
6 52 
5.75 
8.31 
6.18 
8.'25 
Salts and inorganic constituents 
Amount of Nitrogen in protein 
1.75 
2 99 
3.53 
2.26 
2 76 
0.48 
1.95 
0.87 
substances 
Amount of protein substances 
1.833 
2 915 
1 335 
1.448 
1.809 
1.403 
1.981 
1.717 
readily digestible 
Proportion of nitrogenous alimen- 
11 09 
16 45 
7.88 
8.85 
10.85 
7.97 
11.20 
9 55 
tary substances (protein = 1).. 
Inorganic constituents contain 
1:7.7 
1:4.4 
1:9.6 
1:9.2 
1:7.1 
1:9.8 
1:6 6 
1:7 5 
Lime 
n.390 
0.643 
0.155 
0.890 
0 060 
0 000 
0 5‘/0 
0 001 
Phosphoric acid.. 
0.630 
0 847 
0.583 
0.688 
0.421 
0.260 
0.800 
0 167 27 
The foregoing table is illustrated by the following diagrams: 
Carnrick’s 
Sol. Food. 
Seven of the principal Infant’s Foods sold in U. S. and Europe. 
Comparative Table showing superiority of Carnrick’s Soluble Food in 
flesh-forming properties over other foods. 
Carnrick’s 
Sol. Food. 
Comparative table showing superiority of Carnrick’s Soluble Food in 
amount of fat contained. 
Carnrick’s 
Sol. Food. 
Comparative table showing superiority of Carnrick’s Soluble Food in 
bone forming properties. 
Prof. Stutzer, after pointing out the defects in the various 
foods, remarks as follows in reference to Soluble Food: 
‘•Carnrick’s Soluble Food is the best of all foods examined 
and mentioned in the table. It excels the other foods by its 28 
greater amount of nitrogenous substances (18.22 per cent.), and 
by a greater rationally relative proportion (1:4 4) of its essen- 
tial constituents. It also contains a larger quantity of the bone- 
forming inorganic substances and of the solid constituents of 
milk. 
According to the statements of the manufacturer, the milk 
entering into this food is previously treated with Pancreatine, 
thus rendering the casein more easy of digestion. This certainly 
is a very rational method, and, as far as I know, is applied by 
no other manufacturer of Infants’ Food. It is also very pleasant 
to the taste.—From Pharmaceut. Central Halle (Berlin), 1880, 
No. 8. and Pharmac. Rundschau (New York), 18S6, page 89. 
Why do Babies Vie ? 
In 1880 there were about 800,000 deaths in the United States, 
of which about 500,000 were children under five years of age. 
A very large portion of this mortality among young children, 
we believe, is caused by imperfect nourishment. Children in 
many instances are allowed, when but a few months old, to eat 
the same food as older members of the family. In other in- 
stances they are fed with prepared foods containing too much 
starch, and not sufficient strengthgiving or nitrogenous principles. 
Nearly all the prepared finals for children are deficient in 
albuminoid principles and lime, and consequently children, when 
fed wholly upon these foods, are imperfectly nourished, and if they 29 
are combined with milk or condensed milk, there is always danger 
of overtaxing the digestive functions of the child, in its efforts to 
dissolve the tough casein of cow’s milk. It is often remarked 
that one child will thrive upon one food and another upon some 
other ; this may appear to be so. A child will fatten upon a food 
containing but little albuminoid or nitrogenous principle, and but 
a trace of lime, but it will be found in such cases that the flesh is 
flabby, and when disease attacks the child it quickly succumbs 
from lack of muscular strength. If a food contains but a trace of 
lime, how are the bones to be formed? If it contains too little 
nitrogenous matter, how are the muscular tissues to be created? 
It must be admitted, that all children of the same age require 
about the same elements and in the same proportions to prop- 
erly nourish their organisms. 
The appetite of the adult will indicate what is needed to supply 
any deficiency in the constructive elements, but this will not 
apply to the child. How important then that we should prop- 
erly decide for them and give them food that contains the con- 
stituents that will fully nourish every tissue of the body. 
Is not the feeding of infants on improper food the most im- 
portant reason why such a large part of the human race dies before 
the age of five years ? 
The writer has given the subject of foods and dietetics the 
most careful attention for the past twenty years, with a full belief 
that great advancements could be made in this direction, and one 
of the results has been the production of Carnrick’s Soluble 
Food. 30 
1. —Soluble Food resembles more closely human milk in its 
proportion of constituents and digestibility than any other food, 
and will thoroughly and perfectly nourish the child. (See com- 
parative analyses of children’s foods, from Berliner Med. 
Wochenschr, page 20 ) 
2. —It is more easily digested than any food that can be given 
to a child, except human milk. 
3. —The casein in Soluble Food is rendered, by partial pre- 
digestion with pancreatine, as easily digestible as the casein of 
human milk. 
4. —If children are fed on this food we are confident there 
will be but few cases of Cholera Infantum. 
5. —It is always ready for use, and those who use it will avoid 
the uncertainty and inconvenience of digesting cow’s milk with 
pancreatine or preparations prepared for that purpose. This 
operation of digestion is performed in our laboratory, and not left 
to the inexperienced nurse or mother. Every practitioner knows 
that the process of digesting milk is attended with much care. 
How very difficult to keep the heat at 100° Fahrenheit, even with 
careful watching. If it should run up to 110° or 120°, the pan- 
creatic ferment is injured. Can a nurse or mother, occupied with 
the constant care of the child, perform this delicate operation 
perfectly in one case in twenty 1 
6. —It is less expensive than any prepared food, because it is 
from 50 to 100 per cent, more nourishing, and does not necessi- 
tate the addition of cow’s milk or any other food. 
7. —Soluble Food requires no cooking, but we advise that, 31 
after being mixed, the whole should be boiled a minute or two so 
as to destroy any germs that may exist in the water. 
Nursing bottles writh tubes should never be used, for in one 
case in twenty they are not thoroughly cleaned. Food taken 
through an improperly cleaned tube would alone be sufficient to 
endanger the life of the child. We will furnish the best artificial 
nipple that can be used, without charge, to any one using Carn- 
rick’s Soluble Food. It can be applied to any bottle with a lip. 
Three Cases of Inanition. 
By Theo. L. Hatch, M. D., Owatonna, Minn. 
I have recently had an interesting experience with three cases 
of inanition in infants, and as weak stomachs in babies are so 
often the subject of the medical man’s attention, have concluded 
to give my experience to the profession. 
Case I. C. S., male, aged ten weeks. Was present at the birth of this 
child, and at birth it was a strong, hearty child; but the mother having no 
milk, she commenced rearing the child on cow’s milk. For a time the child 
thrived, but the extreme hot weather of lest summer was too great a tax 
upon its digestive powers. 
At the age of ten weeks I was called to see it. The mother told me that 
it had had a similar attack to the one I am about to describe three or four 
days previously, but had partially recovered from it. Upon visiting the 
little patient, I found it constantly crying. It presented a shrivelled, 
pinched, mummified appearance, such as one never forgets after having seen 
it once. 32 
I sat and studied this child carefully, and concluded that the child was 
not crying from pain, but from hunger, and that the entire trouble was inani- 
tion from lack of assimilation. I told the mother I did not think the child 
would live till I could get to town, a distance of five miles, and get some food 
out to it. I left a placebo to appease the anxious mother, and returned to 
the city. I had in my office a sample package of Oarnriok’b Soluble Food, 
which had been sent me a short time previously ; I also had samples from 
several other manufacturers, but chose Carnrick’s, not because I had any 
more confidence in it, but because it could be prepared without using any milk. 
The father took it home and some of it was quickly prepared and given. 
From the first dose, the child ceased crying, and commenced thriving at 
once, very much to my surprise and that of all who saw it. 
Cases II and 111. These may be considered as one case, being a pair of 
twins, born at the seventh month; I will designate them as babies Nos. I 
and 2. 
When these children were born I did not expect them to live, as they 
were very puny and feeble. When they were six weeks old I was called to 
visit them, and I found them in precisely the condition of the one previously 
described, except that there was not the continual crying. 
One of them, which I will designate as No. 1, seemed much weaker than 
the other ; in fact, it lay in a condition of stupor most of the time. 
I had a small portion of the sample package of Soluble Food left, and 
ordered them to be fed with it at once. They commenced recovering at 
once, and continued to thrive as long as the food lasted. In the meantime I 
had ordered the food from both St. Paul and Milwaukee, but could not ob- 
tain it in either city. 
.♦When the food 1 had left them was gone, and as no more of it was to be 
obtained, they were placed upon the use of another food, which is in very 
popular use for infants, but it failed to meet the requirements, and, though 
th“ greatest of care was used in its preparation, it was but two or three days 
before they showing signs of inanition; but this time the one 33 
designated as No. 2 failed first, dying about a week after we had suspended 
the use of Carnrick’s Soluble Food. The other died four days later. 
In the case of these two infants the changes for better and for worse 
were so decidedly marked that there could be no question as to the effect of 
the foods, and the parents, as well as myself, are convinced that could we 
have had the Soluble Food to continue with, both children would be alive 
to-day. 
About a month ago, C. S., case No. 1, commenced showing all of the evi- 
dences of a return of the old condition of inanition, though what caused it I 
could not learn. Not having yet obtained a supply of Carnrick’s Food, I 
prescribed the food that was subs1 ituted for it in the case of the other in- 
fants, but the child still failed. 
In the meantime I had written a brother bf mine in Chicago, who suc- 
ceeded in obtaining some of Carnrick’s Food of a wholesale druggist. 
As soon ns it arrived the child was £ed with it, and the patient is now 
(two weeks later) nearly restored to its former plump, healthy condition. 
If my fellow practitioners will try this preparation, I can assure them that 
they will not only be pleased with it, but will save the life of many a little 
patient that would otherwise be sacrificed.—;Northwestern Lancet, St. Paul, 
May 15, 188ti. 
Important Letter from Marion Harland. 
HER GRANDDAUGHTER RESTORED BY THE USE OF CARNRICK’s SOLUBLE FOOD. 
Messrs. Reed & Carnrick, Mercantile Exchange Building, New York: 
Dear Sirs : My little granddaughter was seriously ill when but a week 
old, and remained so feeble for a fortnight that she could not draw the 
mother’s milk. Then began a trial of “ substitutes,” the recollection of which 
is distressing. ,Milk and water induced colic; peptonized milk, constipation 
that became obstinate; more than one celebrated “ artificial food” was used, 
with similar and worse results. She was three months old, a fragile sufferer 34 
who required continual care, when Dr.Wood suggested “ Carnrick’s Soluble 
Food,” and gave me the analysis of the preparation. She has now been fed 
on this for five weeks. It agrees with her perfectly, and has regulated 
bowels as well as stomach. 
She is a plump, merry, and'well baby, so unlike the pain-racked morsel 
of humanity of a month ago that I am, in sheer justice, constrained to sub- 
scribe myself, gratefully yours, 
MARION IIARLAND. 
Why is Caruncle's Soluble Food superior to the various 
Prepared Foods for Children f 
It is the only food which contains sufficient albuminoid matter 
(18.22 per cent.) and mineral* substances (3 per cent.) to 
thoroughly nourish the child. It is not necessary, as with other 
preparations, to combine it with milk or other nutritive elements, 
as it contains from fifty to one hundred per cent, more nitrogenous 
substances than any other food prepared for children. 
The casein in this preparation is rendered, by means of pan- 
creatine, as soluble and as easily digested as the casein in human 
milk, and consequently cannot coagulate or form curds in the 
stomach of the child. The necessity is therefore removed for 
digesting or peptonizing cow’s milk in cases of cholera infantum, 
marasmus, etc. 
The starch in Soluble Food is converted into dextrine and 
soluble starch. 
It is not designed, in the partial digestion of Soluble Food, 
to supplement the action of the child’s digestive functions, but 
simply to render it as easily digested as mother’s milk. 35 
Notes describing Carnrick’s Soluble Food in Brief. 
Always ready for instant use. 
Will keep for any length of time. 
Necessitates neither the addition of milk nor cream. 
Saves the cost of fresh milk. 
Addition of water, only warming to blood heat or boiling for 
a few minutes, all that is necessary. See full directions page 38. 
Soluble Food perfectly resembles mother’s milk, by the 
simple addition of water. 
An infant can be successfully reared on this Food from birth. 
Soluble Food will not form curds in the stomach of the child, 
as the casein has been partially predigested. 
Unlike many prepared Infant’s Food it contains no raw 
starch. 
Soluble Food contains the necessary flesh, fat, bone and 
brain-forming elements in the requisite proportions as designed by 
nature. 
The flesh of a child fed largely upon a starchy diet will be 
soft, white, and flabby, and the bones and teeth will show evi- 
dence of imperfect development. 
Cholera Infantum and the various infantile disorders are usu- 
ally caused by improper nourishment or over-feeding. 
For nursing mothers Soluble Food will be found invaluable. 
It is highly nutritious and strengthening, and will have a direct 
tendency to increase and promote the mother’s supply of milk. 36 
It is to be recommended for the above purpose as being far 
superior to spirits or malt liquors of any kind containing alcohol 
and other deleterious ingredients. 
A cup of Soluble Food taken by the mother at night on retir- 
ing will prove very grateful, and will tend to produce sound re- 
freshing sleep. 
It is so easily and rapidly digested that it cannot produce 
any disturbance of the stomach. 
It can be administered freely during confinement, and w ill be 
found far more acceptable and nutritious than the oatmeal gruels, 
broths, and other preparations usually administered at that time. 
For invalids and aged persons, either alone or combined with 
Beef Peptonoids, it is the most perfect food that can be used. 
There is great danger in giving cow’s milk to children, espe- 
cially in summer, in consequence of the formation of indigestible 
curds in the stomach. 
Canned condensed milk contains about 50 per cent, of cane 
sugar. Cane sugar is apt to produce acid fermentation and cause 
stomach and bowel ailments. 
Owatonsa, Minn., July 6, ’86. 
Messrs. Heed & Caknkick. 
Gentlemen: To-day I am using the food in the cases of six 
different infants—three of them triplets—and they are all doing 37 
splendidly. I often take babies from (heir birth nnd rear them 
on this food. I have one case on hand now of a babe ten days 
old. The mother has been desperately sick with puerperal fever, 
which precluded her nursing the infant. Baby thriving on Carn- 
rick’s Soluble Food. 
In giving Soluble Food to a child with feeble digestion, and 
until the physician acquires confidence in its nutrient prop- 
erties, he will be tempted to (jive a little of some other nutrient— 
probably milk. This temptation will be augmented by the im- 
portunities of the nurse, who has not yet acquired confidence in 
it; and she is also liable to give a little milk, on the sly and 
contrary to orders, but all other foods and nutrients should be 
firmly and positively interdicted and eliminated from the child’s 
diet. The feeble digestive apparatus is too weak to digest milk, 
and the consequence is they do harm, besides bringing a reproach 
upon the food. 
In your circulars to the profession I would suggest that you 
mention this fact, and make it prominent. 
Ain also using your Cod Liver Oil and Milk in a case of 
tuberculosis, with great benefit. This is my thorough test of it, 
having always been rather set against cod liver oil on account of 
its tendency to disagree with weak stomachs. 
Yours truly, 
T. L. HATCH. 38 
Directions for Preparing Carnrick's Soluble Food. 
Soluble Food is always ready for use, and only requires mix- 
ing with water to resemble a good quality of human milk in its 
constituents and digestibility. 
We prefer, however, the following mode of preparing it, for 
by heating it to the boiling point any germs in the water will be 
destroyed. Take a pint of water and put half of it in a stew-pan 
over the lamp or gas burner and let it remain until it begins 
to simmer. During this time, put one heaping tablespoonful of 
Soluble Food in a tumbler or bowl and gradually mix it with 
the other half pint of water. Then add the mixture to the water 
in the stew-pan and continue to stir it for one or two minutes. 
When it begins to boil, the cream will, at first, rise on top, but 
by continuing to stir for two minutes it will become thoroughly 
incorporated. ' 
The quantity of water to be used with the Soluble Food 
must depend upon the age of the child. If the child is very 
young, use about half the quantity of Food. 
Salt or sugar may be added to suit the palate. Milk-sugar 
is far preferable to cane-sugar. If the child likes the Food as 
well without it, do not add the sugar. 
Sufficient can be made to last 24 hours, but it must be kept 
in a refrigerator in warm weather. 39 
Directions for Using Carnrick's Soluble Food 
This food requires no addition of milk or any other food sub- 
stance, as it contains all the elements required to thoroughly 
nourish the child until it reaches the age of twelve or fifteen 
months. 
At this age, commence by adding a half to a teaspoonful of 
Beef Peptonoids (see page 40) to each tablespoonful of Soluble 
Food. Should the child be very hearty and its appetite not en 
tirely satisfied, a larger quantity of Beef Peptonoids may be 
added. 
At the age of ten months, you may commence giving the 
child a small amount of buttered toast, milk or cream toast, rice, 
well boiled, with butter and a little salt (sugar may be added, 
but it is better without it), chicken broth or beef soup to which 
bread crumbs may be added, also a little dry baked potato 
mixed with cream or butter. Commence with these somewhat 
sparingly and gradually increase. 
It is not necessary to give any other food substance but Solu- 
ble Food and Beef Peptonoids until the child reaches two years 
of age, but giving toast, rice, broth, etc., after the child reaches 
the age of ten months, is left to the discretion of the nurse or 
parents, always remembering it is best to ask the advice of your 
physician when you do not wish to take the responsibility. 
We would advise tLat, during the summer season especially, 
you adhere quite strictly to our food, for if you do, we believe 
your child will be safe from stomach and bowel troubles, and 
Cholera Infantum, for it is the only food known that digests as 
easily as human milk. 40 
Dietetic Preparations more Especially for Older 
Children or Adults. 
BEEF PEPTONOIDS. 
(Concentrated Beef and Milk with Gluten.) 
A Nitiogenous Food composed of equal proportions of the Nutri- 
tive Constituents of Beef (partially peptonized), Milk, and 
Gluten from Wheat, presented in a powdered and liquid 
form. 
Gold Medals, 
Calcutta Exhibition, 1884. I 
International Health 
London, 1884. 
We beg to announce to the Medical Profession that we have 
made a very important improvement in Beef Peptonoids, and we 
are thereby enabled to offer a preparation, and pleasant in odor 
and taste to the most delicate patient. 
We should not have added another to the long list of food 
preparations had we not been positive that the necessity existed 
for such a product, and one that could be justly called a concen- 
trated nutriment. In the beef preparations, such as those Jipproxi- 41 
mating to or following the Liebig formula, the nutritious prop- 
erties have been made entirely subservient to the stimulating 
principles of the beef, so much so, as to place such productions 
almost wholly among the class of stimulants. 
In the preparation of Beef Peptonoids, the flesh-forming ele- 
ments of Beef, Wheat and Milk are used, constituting a nitrog- 
enous and nutritive food of the highest value, and showing a 
presence of 95 per cent, of nutritive matter. 
Beef Peptonoids is the only beef preparation rich in nutritive 
and nitrogenous matter. 
Careful tests of the various preparations of beef in the market, 
having the flavor of Liebig's Beef Extract and Beef Tea, show that 
they possess but little else than the stimulating and flavoring 
properties of the beef. 
The use of Beef Peptonoids is indicated as follows: 
Convalescence from all diseases, Pulmonary Affections, Fevers, 
Pneumonia, Weak Digestion, Gastritis, and all Stomach Ail- 
ments, Dyspepsia, Diarrhoea, Dysentery, and all Intestinal Dis- 
eases, Phthisis, Cholera Infantum, Marasmus, Vomiting in Preg- 
nancy, Sea Sickness, Diabetes, Excessive use of Alcoholic Stimu- 
lants, per rectum in all cases where the stomach cannot digest 
the food, and in debility resulting from any cause. It is a valu- 
able adjunct in voyages and camp life. 42 
What can he of more importance than keeping up the 
strength of the patient during the ravages of disease t 
WHY IS BEEF PEPTONOIDS SUPERIOR TO OTHER BEEF 
PREPARATIONS? 
It is shown by Profs. Stutzek, Attfield, Macadam, Tich- 
borne, and many other food analysts, to be the most concen- 
trated nutrient ever produced. It requires but a small amount 
to sustain life in cases of extreme debility, and is so easily 
digested that the worst dyspeptic, with a most delicate stomach, 
can readily retain it. No preparation can be prepared in the 
sick room that contains more than one-twentieth the nutritive pro- 
perties found in Beef Peptonoids. 
Extracts of Beef, the Juice pressed from Beef, Beef Tea, 
Soups, etc., are known to be comparatively useless except as 
stimulants. As Beef Peptonoids is composed of the nutritive 
portion of the three great varieties of food, Beef, Wheat and 
Milk, patients seldom tire of it; whereas they will soon tire in 
the use of any one of the above. 
If you will give it a trial we are confident that you will find 
it superior to all other nutrients. 
If you will compare its nutritive value with other dietetic 
foods you will observe that it is much less expensive to use. 43 
It is the best dietetic preparation in all kinds of Fevers, Pneu- 
monia, Phthisis, every form of Dyspepsia, Diabetes, Cholera 
Infantum, Marasmus, Diarrhoea, Intestinal Diseases, Excessive use 
of Alcoholic Stimulants, Sea Sickness, Vomiting in Pregnancy, 
per rectum in all cases where the stomach cannot digest food, and 
in Debility resulting from any cause. 
Dr. A. Stutzer, Director of the Chemical Test Laboratory and 
the Food Testing Office for Rhenish Prussia, in reporting to the 
Berliner Med. Wochenschr, April 15th, 1885, the comparative 
results of analyses of nine of the principal European and Ameri- 
can Food Preparations, states as follows : 
“7/a medical man desires to give an invalid or convalescent a 
preparation by the use of which the formation of flesh and blood 
is to be promoted and vigor inf used into a patient, Beef Peptonoids 
for this purpose stands first and foremost amongst all the prepara- 
tions I have examined.” 
The following is extracted from Prof. Austin Flint’s address 
before the New York State Medical Association, Nov. 20th, 1884, 
on Diet, etc. These statements of Prof. Flint are supported by 
the best food analysts in the world : 
“ With regard to meats, a common error, both popular and professional, 
and one productive of a vast deal of harm, is to consider their nutritive value 
as fairly represented by either infusions or decoctions, or by the juices ob- 
tained by pressure. The valuation by most persons outside of the medical 44 
profession, and by many within it, of beef tea or its analogues, the various 
solutions, most of the extracts and the expressed juices of meat, is a delu- 
sion and a snare which has led to the loss of many lives by starvation. The 
quantity of nutritive material in these preparations is insignificant or nil, 
and it is vastly important that they should be reckoned as of little or no 
value, except ns conducive indirectly to nutrition by acting as stimulants for 
the secretion of the digestive fluids or as vehicles for the introduction of 
nutritive substances. Furthermore, it is to be considered that water and 
pressure not only fail to extract the alimentary principles from meat, but the 
excrement itious principles, or the products of destructive assimilation, are 
thereby extracted; hence, not very inaptly, beef tea has been compared to 
urine, and, a few years ago, a German experimenter, whose name I cannot 
recall,declared that he produced fatal toxaemia in dogs by feeding them with 
this popular article of diet.” 
Directions for Administering Beef Peptonoids. 
For an Adult.—A Dessertspoonful to a Tablespoonful three to six 
times a day — Children in proportion. 
Taken with Milk, it forms a pleasant drink, and will be found 
palatable by those to whom milk, when taken alone, is distaste- 
ful. 
Beef Peptonoids will be relished if eaten with a spoon in a 
dry state. 
Hot water renders Beef Peptonoids unpalatable. 
Added to beef tea, broths, soups, etc., it supplies the nitrog- 
enous principle primarily found wanting in these preparations. 45 
Mixed with milk punch, egg nog, etc., it makes an invaluable 
drink, nourishing as well as stimulating. 
The nutritive value of bread, biscuit, etc., may be greatly in 
creased by the addition, before baking, of one or more ounces of 
Beef Peptonoids per loaf. 
It may be added to jellies, oatmeal, arrowroot, rice, etc. 
By adding a small quantity of milk or water it may be made 
into a paste, flavored, an 1 eaten with a spoon, like cream. 
Spread upon buttered bread, it makes a most palatable and 
nourishing sandwich. 
Persons traveling will find it very convenient to carry Beef 
Peptonoids in capsules. 
In combining Beef Peptonoids with milk or other liquids, 
first add a little of the liquid to the Beef Peptonoids, and form a 
paste ; then add the remainder of the liquid gradually, constantly 
stirring. 
See Liquid Peptonoids, and Peptonoids, Iron and Wine, on 
pages 45, 46 and 47. 
Liquid Peptonoids. 
{Beef, Gluten and Milk, Digested.) 
The above preparation represents Beef Peptonoids (beef, 
gluten and milk) entirely digested and ready for assimilation. 
Although not possessing the advantages of as high nutritive 46 
power as the powdered Beef Peptonoids, it nevertheless repre- 
sents a highly nourishing liquid stimulant. It contains albumin- 
oids, in the form of fibrin, gluten, and casein in a digested, 
soluble state, with sufficient spirits added to preserve it. 
This preparation will keep indefinitely, which cannot be said 
of many of the liquid foods in the market; some of them actually 
decomposing and emitting a most disgusting odor on opening the 
bottle 
The flavor and palatability is such that many who have taken 
it liken it to a delicate wine or cordial. 
Liquid Peptonoids with Coca. 
[Digested Beefy Milk, and Gluten with Coca.) 
Each fluid ounce contains the nitrogenous properties of the 
medium quantity usually taken of Powdered Beef Peptonoids 
rendered wholly soluble by digestion) combined with 80 grains of 
Coca. 
There is no question ofthe great value of Coca as a stimulant 
in many diseases, but whenever it is used alone there must be a 
corresponding reaction. If the brain and muscles are stimulated 
there must be a waste of tissue, and this waste must be repaired 
by assimilation and reconstruction, which can only take place 
by rest and nutrients. 47 
Acting upon this theory, we combined Coca with our Liquid 
Peptonoids, and placed it in the hands of a number of leading 
practitioners, for careful trial, believing that the Beef, Gluten and 
Milk in Liquid Peptonoids, being perfectly digested and ready 
fur immediate absorption, would resupply the waste so quickly 
that no reaction from the stimulating properties would oecur. 
The results of these repeated trials have confirmed our belief 
in every instance, and we have, therefore, prepared Liquid 
Peptonoids with Coca for the use of the Medical Profession. 
Our experiments convince us that Coca should seldom be 
used, to get its best effect, except when combined with some 
nutritive elements ready for assimilation. 
The depressing effects of the reaction from the use of Coca or 
any stimulant, go very far towards neutralizing the benefits de- 
rived, and we are confident the administration of peptonized 
food at same time, as in Liquid Peptonoids and Coca, is the only 
way to prevent it. 
Peplonoids, Iron and Wine. 
There is much misapprehension regarding the nutritive value 
of the preparations known as “Beef, Iron and Wine.” The 
basis of these productions is invariably beef-extract made in ac- 
cordance with the Liebig formula, which extract is well known to 
possess very little reconstructive properties. Where such pre- 48 
parations are administered as a food the results must be disap- 
pointing. Peptonoids, Lron and Wine has for its base digested 
beef, gluten and milk, and therefore must prove far superior to 
the ordinary Beef, Iron and Wine preparations. 
Why is Peptonized Cod Liver Oil and Milk superior to 
other preparations of Cod Liver Oil ? 
First (and most important) the division of the oil globules is 
from twenty to one hundred times finer than any other preparation 
of Cod Liver Oil ever produced, and is consequently brought 
nearer the condition required for assimilation. 
It is pre-digested, and is, therefore, more easily retained by 
weak and enfeebled stomachs, and eructations are less liable to 
follow. 
It is combined with condensed milk and is consequently more 
nutritive ; s compared with similar preparations. 
It is supplied in sixteen-ounce bottles at the same pi ice as is 
usually charged for twelve-ounce bottles. 
In most cases patients can best take the dose of Peptonized 
Cod Liver Oil and Milk mixed with two or three ounces of water. 
Peptonized Cod Liver Oil and Milk combined with equal pro- 
portions of Liquid Peptonoids, makes a most elegant and highly 
nutritious mixture, and one that can be taken by any patient. RETAIL PRICES 
at which our preparations may be obtained at any 
druggist. 
Carnrick’s Soluble Food, Trial Size $o 25 
“ (Small) 50 
“ (Large) I 00 
“ (5 lb. tins) 4 00 
Beef Peptonoids, 6 oz. (Powdered) 1 co 
16 “ “ 2 25 
Liquid “ 16 “ x 00 
“ “ witli Coca, 16 oz 1 00 
Peptonoids, Iron and Wine, 16 oz 1 00 
Peptonized Cod Liver Oil and Milk, 16 oz 1 00 
“ (with Hypophosphites 
of Lime and Soda) X 00