CODE OF MEDICAL ETHICS, 
CONSTITUTION, BY-LAWS, 
AND 
LIST OF MEMBERS 
OF THE 
ImerionJ lotifulc of jjjonueojjaihg. 
BOSTON: 
ALFRED MUDGE & SON, PRINTERS, 34 SCHOOL STREET. 
1 8 6 9. CODE OF MEDICAL ETHICS. 
CONSTITUTION, BY-LAWS, 
AND 
LIST OF MEMBERS 
OF TIDE 
of lloiweojjatlijj. 
J J jr 
MAT 1, 1869. 
BOSTON: 
ALFRED MUDGE & SON, PRINTERS, 34 SCHOOL STREET, 
1 8 6 9 . REPORT ON A COMPLETE CODE OF MEDICAL 
ETHICS. 
Accepted by the Institute at New York, June, 1867. Adopted at 
St. Louis, June, 1868. 
The undersigned, appointed by the American Institute of 
Homoeopathy a Committee to “prepare a complete code of 
medical ethics,” respectfully present the following as the result 
of their labors. 
Considering it to be very desirable that the codes of ethics 
adopted by the various associations of the physicians of our 
country should be uniform in scope and arrangement, and as 
nearly identical in language as possible, the Committee have 
used the arrangement, and, to a great extent, the language of 
the code adopted by the American Medical Association, and 
published in volume xvi. of their Transactions (for 1865), modi- 
fying it where changes seemed to be demanded by a proper 
regard for liberality and for justice, both to patient and to 
physician, or by a due concern for the freedom of medical 
education, opinion and action. 
Respectfully submitted. 
CARROLL DUNHAM, M.D., 
WALTER WILLIAMSON, M.D., 
A. S. BALL, M.D., 
E. M. KELLOGG, M.D., 
G. W. BARNES, M.D., 
Committee on Medical Ethics. 
Neav York, June, 1867. CODE 
OF 
MEDICAL ETHICS. 
SCOPE. 
The scope of a Code of Medical Ethics comprises the recipro- 
cal duties and obligations of physicians and patients; the duties 
and obligations of physicians to each other; and the reciprocal 
duties and obligations of physicians and the public. 
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES. 
The great principles upon which Medical Ethics are based 
are these: 
1. The great end and object of the physician’s efforts should 
be: 1 the greatest good to the patient.’ 
2. The rule of conduct of physician and patient and of physi- 
cians towards each other, should be the Golden Rule : “ As ye 
would that men should do to you, do ye also to them likewise.” 
The various articles of the code are only special applications 
of these great principles. PART I. 
RECIPROCAL DUTIES AND OBLIGATIONS OF PHYSICIANS 
AND PATIENTS. 
Article I. Duties of Physicians to Patients. 
Article II. Duties of Patients to their Physicians. 
PART II. 
duties and obligations of physicians to each other. 
Article I. Duties as members op the Medical Pro- 
fession. 
Article II. Professional services to each other. 
Article III. Vicarious services. 
Article IV. In regard to consultations. 
Article V. In cases of interference. 
Article VI. Differences between Physicians. 
Article VII. Concerning pecuniary obligations. 
PART III. 
RECIPROCAL DUTIES AND OBLIGATIONS OP PHYSICIANS AND 
THE PUBLIC. 
Article I. Duties op the Profession to the Public. 
Article II. Obligations op the Public to Physicians. PART I. 
OP THE RECIPROCAL DUTIES AND OBLIGATIONS OP PHYSICIANS 
AND THEIR PATIENTS. 
Article I. — Duties of the Physician to the Patient. 
Sect. 1. The physician should hold himself in constant 
readiness to obey the calls of the sick. He should ever bear in 
mind the sacred character of his calling and the great responsi- 
bility ■which it involves, and should remember that the comfort, 
the health and the lives of his patients depend upon the skill, 
attention and faithfulness with which he performs his profes- 
sional duties. 
Sect. 2. The physician, in order that he may be able to exer- 
cise his vocation to the best advantage of the patient, should 
possess his respect and confidence. These must be acquired 
and retained by faithful attention to his malady, by indulgent 
tenderness towards the weaknesses incident to his condition, 
and by the exercise of a firm but kindly authority. The physi- 
cian is bound to keep secret whatever he may either hear or 
observe, while in the discharge of his professional duties, 
respecting the private affairs of the patient or his family. And 
this obligation is not limited to the period during which the 
physician is in attendance on the patient. The patient should 
be made to feel that he has, in his physician, a friend who will 
guard his secrets with scrupulous honor and fidelity. 
Sect. 3. The physician should visit his patient as often as 
may be necessary to enable him to acquire and keep a full 
knowledge of the nature, progress, changes, and complications 
of the disease, and to do for the patient the utmost of good that 6 
lie is able. But he should carefully avoid making unnecessary 
visits, lest he render the patient needlessly anxious about his 
case, or expose himself to the charge of being actuated by mer- 
cenary motives. 
Sect. 4. The physician should not give expression to gloomy 
forebodings respecting the patient’s disease, nor magnify the 
gravity of the case. Bearing in mind the almost infinite 
resources of nature, he should be cheerful and hopeful, both in 
mind and manner. This will enable him the better to exercise 
his faculties and apply his knowledge for the patient’s 
and will inspire the patient with confidence, courage and forti- 
tude, which are the physician’s best moral adjuvants. 
But it is the physician’s duty to state the true nature and 
prospects of the case, from time to time, to some judicious 
friend or relative of the patient, and to keep this person fully 
informed of its changes and probable issue; and if the patient 
himself request the physician to disclose to him the nature and 
prognosis of his disease, it is his duty to state tenderly, but 
frankly the whole truth, — provided the patient be of sound 
mind, and strong enough to receive the disclosure without 
serious injury. The patient has a right to know the truth. If, 
moreover, facts within the physician’s knowledge lead him to 
believe that it is of great importance, in relation to the patient’s 
affairs, that he should be warned of the approach of death, it is 
the physician’s duty to reveal to the patient’s nearest friend, or 
to the patient himself, the true state of the case, and the 
importance of timely action. 
Sect. 5. Whether the case proceed favorably, or become 
manifestly incurable, it is the physician’s duty to continue his 
attendance faithfully and conscientiously so long as the patient 
may desire it. He is not justified in abandoning a case merely 
because he supposes it incurable. 
Sect. 6. As the patient has an undoubted right to dismiss 
his physician for reasons satisfactory to himself; so, likewise, the 7 
physician may, with equal propriety, decline to attend patients, 
when his self-respect or dignity seem to him to require this step; 
as, for example, when they persistently refuse to comply with 
his directions. 
Sect. 7. In difficult or protracted cases, consultations are 
advisable. They tend to increase the knowledge, energy, and 
confidence of the physician, and to maintain the courage of the 
patient. The physician should be ready to act upon any desire 
which the patient may express for a consultation, even though he 
may not himself feel the need of it. Nothing is so likely to 
maintain the patient’s confidence as alacrity in this respect. 
Moreover, such a course is but just to him, for he has an indis- 
putable right to whatever aid or counsel he may think likely to 
be of service to him. 
Sect. 8. The intimate relations into which the physician is 
brought with his patient give him opportunity to exercise a 
powerful moral influence over him. This should always be ex- 
erted to turn him from dangerous or vicious courses towards a 
temperate and virtuous life. The physician is sometimes called 
to assist in practices of questionable propriety, and even of a 
criminal character. Among these may be mentioned the pre- 
tence of disease, in order to evade services demanded by law, as 
jury or military duty; the concealment of organic disease or of 
morbid tendencies, in order to secure favorable rates of life-in- 
surance, or for deception of other kinds; and especially the pro- 
curement of abortion when not necessary to save the life of the 
mother. To all such propositions, the physician should present 
an inflexible opposition. It is his duty, in an authoritative, but 
friendly manner, to explain and urge the nature, illegality and 
guilt of the proposed action, and to use every effort to dissuade 
from it, and to strengthen the patient’s virtue and sense of right. 
The physician should be aware of the frequency of criminal abor- 
tion, and of the different methods employed for it, and should 
take every occasion to warn those who may be tempted to resort 8 
to it. In no case should the physician induce abortion, or pre- 
mature labor, without a previous consultation with the most 
experienced practitioners attainable, nor without the most clear 
and imperative reasons. 
Article II.—Duties and Obligations of Patients to their Physician 
Sect. 1. Physicians are required, by the nature of their pro- 
fession, to sacrifice comfort, ease, and even health, for the sake 
of their patients. Patients should reflect upon this, and should 
understand and remember that they have corresponding duties 
and obligations towards their physicians. 
Sect. 2. The patient should select a physician in whose 
knowledge, skill, and fidelity he can place implicit confidence; 
whose habits of life are regular and temperate, and whose char- 
acter and demeanor are such that he can regard him as a per- 
sonal friend. He must be able to confide in him freely. And 
the physician should not be changed for light reasons. A phy- 
sician thoroughly acquainted with the constitutions, tempera- 
ments, and tendencies of a family can the more successfully treat 
them. 
Sect. 3. The patient should always consult his physician as 
early as possible after he has discovered that he is ill. A dis- 
ease which is trifling at its onset may grow formidable through 
neglect. The physician should be regarded as a confidential 
adviser, who, on being early consulted, may prevent a sickness. 
• Sect. 4. The patient should faithfully and unreservedly state 
to his physician the supposed cause of his malady, and tell him 
everything that may have a bearing upon its nature. Since the 
physician is under the strongest obligations to secrecy, the 
patient should not allow considerations of delicacy, modesty, or 
pride to prevent an entirely frank statement of his case, and 
candid and full replies to interrogatories. 
Sect. 5. The patient should implicitly obey his physician’s 9 
injunctions as regards diet, regimen and medical treatment. If 
lie deviate from these directions, he cannot hold the physician to 
a full responsibility in the case; and, further, by a partial obedi- 
ence he incurs some personal risk, since, in the treatment of dis- 
eases, all parts of the physician’s advice are made to harmonize, 
and each is dependent on the others and may be unsafe without 
the coincidence of the others. Moreover, he does the physician 
an undeserved, and often a serious, wrong. If the patient have 
not sufficient confidence in his physician, and respect for him, to 
follow his directions, it were better for him frankly to say so, 
and to employ another in whom he can confide. 
The patient should never allow himself, while under a phy- 
sician’s treatment, to take other medicines than those prescribed 
by him. He would, by so doing, incur a serious risk of taking 
medicines that are incompatible with each other. If desirous of 
trying any other mode of treatment, it would be much better 
frankly to state the fact to his physician, and ask his advice. 
Sect. 6. The patient should, if possible, avoid receiving the 
friendly visits of a physician other than the one under whose 
charge he is. When he receives such visits, he should avoid 
conversation on the subject of his disease; for an accidental 
observation might give him false impressions respecting his 
disease, or destroy his confidence in the treatment he is pursu- 
ing. He should never send for a consulting physician without 
the express consent of his own medical attendant; for physi- 
cians can act together for the advantage of their patient, only 
when they act harmoniously. Nor should he, by a secret 
appointment, constrain his medical attendant to meet another 
physician with whom he might not be willing to consult; but the 
patient has an undoubted right to have the opinion of any physi- 
cian whom he may desire, upon his case. His proper course is, 
to request his medical attendant to arrange a consultation, and 
frankly state his desire for the physician whom he may prefer. 
If his medical attendant decline the consultation, it is then for 10 
the patient to determine whether he will insist, and thus dismiss 
his medical attendant, or whether he will defer to the judgment 
of his own physician. And the patient has a right thus to 
choose. 
Sect. 7. If the patient wishes to dismiss his physician, he 
should, in justice and in common courtesy, state his reasons, 
and, if possible, in a friendly manner. To dispense with the 
services of a physician need not, of necessity, change the social 
relations of the parties. 
Sect. 8. The patient should, when practicable, send for the 
physician in the morning, before his usual hour for leaving 
home. He will, by so doing, secure his earlier attendance, and 
will enable him the better to apportion his time so as to do 
justice to all his calls and engagements. He should call on his 
physician during his office hours only, and should avoid disturb- 
ing him in hours devoted to meals, rest and sleep. And in 
receiving his physician’s visits, he should avoid compelling him 
to wait, even a few minutes. The aggregate of petty detentions, 
while the patient is making some needless preparation to receive 
the physician, amounts to a serious waste of valuable time. PART II. 
OF THE DUTIES AND OBLIGATIONS OF PHYSICIANS TO THE 
PROFESSION AND TO EACH OTHER. 
Article 1. — Duties to the Profession. 
Sect. 1. Inasmuch as every member of the medical profession 
partakes of the honor in which it is held, is entitled to its privi- 
leges and immunities, and profits by the scientific labors of his 
predecessors and associates, it is his duty faithfully to endeavor, 
in his turn, to elevate the position of the profession and, by every 
honorable exertion, to enrich the science of medicine. 
Sect. 2. In no other profession should a higher standard of 
morality and greater purity of personal character be required. 
Physicians ought to come up to this standard, and do what they 
may to exalt it. As the practice of medicine requires the con- 
stant exercise of a vigorous and clear understanding, and as 
the practitioner should be, at all times, ready for emergencies in 
which the welfare and even the life of a fellow creature may de- 
pend upon his steady hand, acute eye, and unclouded brain, it 
is incumbent upon the physician to be temperate in all things. 
Sect. 3. The physician should not resort to public advertise- 
ments or private cards or handbills, inviting the attention of per- 
sons affected by particular diseases or publicly offering advice 
and medicine to the poor, gratis, or promising radical cures. 
Neither should he publish cases or operations in the daily prints; 
nor invite laymen to be present at operations, nor solicit or ex- 
hibit certificates of skill and success; nor perform any similar act. 
Sect. 4. It is equally derogatory to professional character 
for a physician to hold a patent for any nostrum or any surgical 12 
instrument or appliance; or to keep secret the nature and com- 
position of any medicine used by him. Such restriction or con- 
cealment is inconsistent with the beneficence and liberality which 
should characterize the medical profession. But it is the duty 
of the physician to avail himself of every opportunity to observe 
the action and study the properties of new or secret remedies 
and new processes of preparing medicines as well as new modes 
of treating diseases, and to subject them to the analysis of scien- 
tific investigation. For the physician should always bear in 
mind that the great object of his profession is to cure the sick, 
and that it is not only admissible, but is his solemn duty to in- 
vestigate, thoroughly and without prejudice, whatever offers any 
probability of adding to his knowledge of the art and means of 
curing, and of thus enriching the science of medicine. 
Article II. Professional Services of Physicians to each other. 
Sect. 1. All practitioners of medicine, their wives, and chil- 
dren while under the paternal care, are entitled to the gratui- 
tous services of any one or more of the faculty residing near 
them. Physicians, when ill, are incompetent to prescribe for 
themselves. The natural anxiety and solicitude which they feel 
for members of their Own family when ill, tend to obscure their 
professional judgment and make it difficult to treat them. 
Under these circumstances, physicians are peculiarly dependent 
on each other; and kind offices and professional aid should 
always be cheerfully and gratuitously afforded. But visits 
should not be obtruded, officiously or unasked, upon a sick 
physician. 
If, however, a physician, in affluent circumstances, request 
the attendance of a distant professional brother, and offer an 
honorarium, it is not proper to decline it; for one should not, 
even from a kindly motive, impose upon another a pecuniary 
obligation, which the recipient would not wish to incur. 13 
If a physician is called from any considerable distance, the 
expense of travel, etc., thereby incurred, should always be paid 
by the physician receiving the visit; and an honorarium may be 
tendered if much time is consumed in making the visit. 
Article III. Duties of Physicians as regards Vicarious Offices. 
Sect. 1. Attention to his personal affairs, the pursuit of 
health, and the various contingencies to which the physician is 
peculiarly exposed, sometimes compel him temporarily to with- 
draw from his duties to his patients, and to request some of his 
professional brethren to discharge them for him. Compliance 
with such a request is an act of courtesy which should always 
be performed with the utmost consideration for the interests 
and character of the physician relieved. And, when this is 
done for a short period only, all the pecuniary obligations for 
such services should belong to him. But if a physician neglect 
his business in quest of amusement and pleasure, he is not 
entitled to the frequent and long-continued exercise of this 
fraternal courtesy without conceding to the physician who acts 
for him the fees accruing from the duties discharged by the 
latter. 
Sect. 2. Obstetrical and surgical cases involve unusual 
fatigue and responsibility; and it is just that the fees accruing 
therefrom should belong to the physician who attends them. 
Article IV. Duties of Physicians in regard to Consultations. 
Sect. 1. A complete medical education, of which the diplo- 
ma of a medical college is the formal voucher, furnishes the only 
presumptive evidence of professional acquirements and abilities. 
But the annals of the profession contain the names of some 
who, not having the advantage of a complete medical education, 
became, nevertheless, through their own exertions and abilities, 
brilliant scholars and successful practitioners. A practitioner, 14 
therefore, whatever his credentials may be, who enjoys a good 
moral and professional standing in the community, should not 
be excluded from fellowship, nor his aid rejected, when it is 
desired by the patient in consultation. No difference in views 
on subjects of medical principles or practice should be allowed 
to influence a physician against consenting to a consultation with 
a fellow practitioner. The very object of a consultation is to 
bring together those who may, perhaps, differ in their views of 
the disease and its appropriate treatment, in the hope that, from 
a comparison of different views may be derived a just estimate 
of the disease and a successful course of treatment. 
No tests of orthodoxy in medical practice should be applied 
to limit the freedom of consultations. Medicine is a pro- 
gressive science. Its history shows that what is heresy in 
one century may, and probably will be orthodoxy in the next. 
No greater misfortune can befall the medical profession than the 
action of an influential association or academy establishing a 
creed or standard of orthodoxy or “regularity.” It will be 
fatal to freedom and progress in opinion and practice. On the 
other hand, nothing will so stimulate the healthy growth of the 
profession, both in scientific strength and in the honorable estima- 
tion of the public, as the universal and sincere adoption of a 
platform which shall recognize and guarantee: — 
1. A truly fraternal good-will and fellowship among all who 
devote themselves to the care of the sick. 
2. A thorough and complete knowledge, however obtained, 
of all the direct and collateral branches of medical science, — as 
it exists in all sects and schools of medicine, — as the essential 
qualification of a physician. 
3. Perfect freedom of opinion and practice, as the unques- 
tionable prerogative of the practitioner, who is the sole judge of 
what is the best mode of treatment in each case of sickness en- 
trusted to his care. 
The physician may, with propriety, decline to meet a practi- 15 
tioner of whose inimical feelings towards himself or of whose 
general unfairness in consultations he is satisfied. But, in such 
a case, he should explain to the patient his reasons; and if the 
patient desire the opinion of the practitioner objected to, the 
family physician may withdraw from the case and allow the other 
to be sent for. But, in justice to the latter, the state of affairs 
should be explained to him at the time he is requested to visit 
the patient. 
Sect. 2. The utmost punctuality should be observed in the 
visits of physicians when they are to hold consultations together; 
and this is generally practicable, for society allows the plea of 
professional engagements to excuse the neglect of all others, and 
to be a valid reason for the relinquishment of any present occu- 
pation. But, as professional engagements may sometimes inter- 
fere and delay one of the parties, the physician who first arrives 
should wait for his associate a reasonable period of time, after 
which the consultation should be considered postponed to a new 
appointment. If it be the attending physician who is present, 
he will, of course, see the patient and prescribe; but if it be the 
consulting physician, he should retire without seeing the patient, 
except in cases of emergency, or when he has been called from 
a considerable distance, in which case he may examine the 
patient, and give his opinion in writing and under seal, to be 
delivered to the attending physician. 
Sect. 3. In consultations, no rivalry or jealousy should be 
indulged in. Candor, probity, and all due respect should be 
exercised towards the physician in charge of the case. If the 
consulting physician cannot agree with him respecting the nature 
and proper treatment of the case, the physicians should state 
this fact to the patient, or his nearest friend, both physicians 
being present at the time, and should request him to select the 
one in whom he has most confidence. But, if they agree suffi- 
ciently to take joint charge of the case, then the consulting phy- 
sician must justify and uphold, so far as he can conscientiously 16 
do so, the practice of his associate, and must abstain from any 
hints, insinuations or actions, which might, in any way, impair 
tlie confidence which the patient reposes in him, or affect his 
reputation. He must refrain from any extraordinary attentions 
or assiduities, calculated to ingratiate himself in the patient’s 
favor and to supplant his associate. 
Sect. 4. In consultations, the attending physician should 
first put the necessary questions to the patient. After this, the 
consulting physician should make such additional inquiries and 
examinations as may be needed to satisfy him of the true nature 
of the case. But he should avoid making a parade of examin- 
ing the patient more thoroughly than had been done before; 
rather suggesting to the attending physician, where this is possi- 
ble, to make whatever examinations he desires, than making 
them himself. Both physicians should then retire to a private 
room for deliberation. 
Sect. 5. In consultations the attending physician should 
deliver his opinion first; and, when there are several consult- 
ing physicians, they should express their opinions in the order 
in which they have been called in. Should an irreconcilable 
diversity of opinion occur, when more than two physicians meet 
in consultation, the opinion of the majority should be regarded 
as decisive; but, if the number be equal on each side, the 
decision should rest with the attending physician. If two phy- 
sicians, in consultation, cannot agree, they should call in a third 
to act as umpire. If this be not practicable, the patient must 
be requested to select the physician in whom he is most willing 
to confide. The physician who is left in the minority should, 
without any ill feeling, retire from the consultation and from 
any farther participation in the management of the case; and, 
in justice to the physician thus retiring, the fact of his differ- 
ence from his associates should, in the presence of all the 
physicians attending, be explained to the patient, as his reason 
for withdrawing from the case. 17 
Sect. 6. The attending physician should communicate to the 
patient or his friends the directions agreed upon in the con- 
sultation, as well as any opinion which it may be thought proper 
to' express. But no statement or discussion should take place 
before the patient or his friends, except in the presence of all 
the physicians attending, and by their common consent. And 
no opinions or prognostications should be delivered, which are 
not the result of previous deliberation and concurrence. No 
decision arrived at in a consultation is to be regarded as 
restraining the attending physician from making such variations 
m the treatment as any subsequent change in the case may 
demand. But such variation and the reasons for it, ought to be 
carefully noted at the time, and detailed at the next meeting irf 
consultation. The same privilege belongs also to the consulting 
physician, if he is sent for in an emergency when the attending 
physician is out of the way; and similar explanations must be 
made by him at the next meeting. 
Sect. 7. Sometimes a special consultation is desirable in 
cases in which the continued attendance of two physicians 
might be objectionable to the patient. The consulting physician, 
in such a case, should sedulously avoid all further unsolicited 
attendance. Such consultations require an extraordinary outlay 
of time and attention, and, at least a double honorarium may be 
reasonably expected. 
Sect. 8. The consulting physician cannot, with propriety, 
take exclusive charge, at any time, of the patient in whose case 
he has been called in consultation, without the consent of the 
attending physician, except in cases provided for by the third 
sentence of section 3, and by the fourth sentence of section 5, 
of this article. 
Article V. Duties of Physicians in cases of Interference. 
Sect. 1. Medicine is a liberal profession and those admitted 
into its ranks should base their expectations of success upon 18 
the extent of their qualifications, not upon intrigue or artifice. 
A physician should not allow himself to feel envious or jealous 
of a brother-practitioner. The distinction which one successful 
physician wins is shared by the whole profession. Nor should 
a physician suffer himself to feel ill-will towards another who 
may come into his neighborhood and appear likely to take a 
share of the business which he has hitherto enjoyed. Such feel- 
ings are inconsistent with the beneficent and liberal nature of the 
profession. Liberality, and true generous fraternity in thought, 
word and deed, will unite the interests of all the members of the 
profession, and will so exalt the estimation in which it is held in 
the community that, confidence being increased, business will 
increase; and to physicians will be accorded the posi- 
tion which, of right, should be theirs: that of confidential family 
advisers in all matters pertaining to the care of the body in 
health, no less than in sickness. 
Sect. 2. The physician, in his intercourse with a patient 
who is under the care of another practitioner, should observe 
the strictest caution and reserve. No meddling questions should 
be asked in any interview for business or friendship, no disingen- 
uous hints thrown out relating to the nature and treatment of 
his disorder; nor should the patient be allowed to converse 
upon these topics. No course of conduct should be pursued 
which might, directly or indirectly, tend to diminish the trust 
reposed in the physician employed. 
Sect. 3. A physician should not take charge of a patient 
who is, or has recently been, under the charge of another prac- 
titioner in the same illness, except in cases of sudden emergency, 
or in consultation with the physician previously in attendance, 
or when the latter has relinquished the case, or has been regu- 
larly notified that his services are no longer required. Under 
such circumstances no unjust or illiberal remarks should be made 
or insinuations thrown out in relation to the treatment pursued 
by the previous physician. Nor should the physician permit the 19 
patient unreasonably to find fault with his predecessor. For 
patients often become dissatisfied with their attendant on ac- 
count of the mere duration of a case which no degree of pro- 
fessional knowledge or skill could have shortened. 
Sect. 4. In cases of accident or sudden emergency, one or 
more physicians are often sent for by alarmed friends. Courtesy 
should assign the patient to the first of these that arrives; and 
he should select from those present such additional assistance as 
he may deem necessary. But he should also' request the family 
physician (if there be one) to be sent for, and, on his arrival, 
resign the case into his hands. The practitioner of the patient, 
when he arrives, should take the place of any one called in his 
absence. “ The practitioner of any patient ” is the man whom 
he has in any way given to understand that he regards him as 
hi3 medical adviser, or who would now be in charge of the case 
were it not for his absence, sickness or other disability. 
Sect. 5. In a sparse population, a physician when visiting 
a sick person, may be desired to see, in an emergency, a neigh- 
boring patient, who is under the regular charge of another phy- 
sician. The conduct to be pursued on such an occasion is: to 
give advice adapted to present circumstances; to interfere as 
little as possible with the general plan of treatment; to assume 
no farther direction of the case unless it be expressly desired; 
and, in the latter case, to request an immediate consultation with 
the practitioner previously employed. 
Sect. 6. A wealthy physician should not give advice gratis to 
the affluent; because his so doing is an injury to his professional 
brethren. The office of the physician can never be supported as 
an exclusively beneficent one; and it is defrauding, in some de- 
gree, the common fund, when fees are dispensed with, which might 
justly be claimed. 
Sect. 7. When a physician who has been engaged to attend 
a case of midwifery is absent and another is sent for, if de- 
livery is accomplished in the absence of the former, the latter is 20 
entitled to the fee, but he should resign the patient to the prac- 
titioner first engaged. 
Article VI. Of differences between Physicians. 
Sect. 1. Diversity of opinion and opposition of interests 
may, in the medical, as in other professions, sometimes occasion 
controversy and even contention. When such cases occur and 
cannot be immediately terminated, they should be referred to the 
arbitration of a sufficient number of physicians or a court-medi- 
cal. 
Article VII. Of Pecuniary Acknowledgments. 
Sect. 1. Some general rules should be adopted by the phy- 
sicians in every town or district, relative to pecuniary acknowl- 
edgments from patients. These should be adhered to by 
physicians as uniformly as circumstances will permit. They 
serve, likewise, as a standard to which appeal may be taken in 
cases of doubt or dispute. 
Sect. 2. Members of the medical profession have been so 
uniformly in the habit of attending, gratuitously, the indigent 
sick and, in general, of answering every call promptly, and 
without a question as to whether they are to receive remunera- 
tion therefor, that many persons seem to think they have a right 
to demand the services of physicians; and do, in fact, call upon 
them freely, and neglect or refuse to render any pecuniary 
equivalent, although abundantly able to do so. They impose 
upon one physician, in this way, until they have exhausted his 
patience, and then call upon another; and thus, in the course of 
a few years, make the circuit of the profession in their neighbor- 
hood. It is proper for the physicians of a community to make a 
list of the names of such individuals, and to demand, before 
visiting those whose names are on it, adequate security that their 
honorarium will be paid. PART III. 
THE RECIPROCAL DUTIES AND OBLIGATIONS OP PHYSICIANS 
AND THE PUBLIC. 
Article I. — Duties of Physicians to the Public. 
Sect. 1. As good citizens, it is the duty of Physicians to 
be vigilant for the welfare of the community, and to bear their 
part in sustaining its institutions and burdens. They should be 
always ready to give counsel to the public, in relation to matters 
appertaining to their profession; as, for example, on subjects of 
medical police, public hygiene and legal medicine. It is their 
province to enlighten the public in regard to quarantine regula- 
tions, the location, arrangement and dietaries of hospitals, asy- 
lums, schools, prisons and similar institutions; in relation to 
the medical police of towns, drainage, ventilation, etc., and in 
regard to measures for the prevention of epidemic and conta- 
gious diseases. And, when pestilence prevails, it is their duty 
to face the danger, and to continue their labors for the allevia- 
tion of suffering, and the saving of life, even at the risk of their 
own lives. 
Sect. 2, Physicians should always be ready, when called on 
by the proper authorities, to enlighten coroners’ inquests and 
courts of justice on matters strictly medical, such as involve 
questions relating to insanity, legitimacy, or sudden and violent 
deaths, and in regard to the various other subjects embraced in 
the science of medical jurisprudence. But, in these cases, and 
especially where they are required to make post mortem examina- 
tions, it is just and right, in consequence of the time, labor and 
skill required, and the responsibility and risk they incur, that 
the public should award them more than a mere consulting fee. 
Sect. 3. There is no profession, by the members of which 22 
eleemosynary services are more freely dispensed than they are 
by physicians; but justice demands that some limits should be 
placed to the claims upon such offices at their hands. Poverty, 
professional brotherhood, the benevolent and scantily remu- 
nerated occupation of the individual patient, and certain of the 
public duties referred to in Sect. 1 of this Article, should always 
be recognized as presenting valid claims for gratuitous services. 
But neither institutions endowed by the public or by rich indi- 
viduals, societies for mutual benefit, for the insurance of lives or 
for analogous purposes, nor any profession or occupation can be 
admitted to possess such privilege. Nor can it be justly ex- 
pected of physicians to furnish certificates of inability to serve 
on juries, or perform military duty, or to certify to the state of 
health of parties wishing to insure their lives, obtain pensions or 
the like, without a pecuniary acknowledgment. But to indigent 
persons, such professional services should always be cheerfully 
and freely accorded. 
Article II. Obligations of the Public to Physicians. 
Sect. 1. The benefit accruing to the public, directly and 
indirectly, from the active and constant labors and beneficence 
of the medical profession are so numerous and important that 
physicians are justly entitled to the utmost consideration from 
the community. The public ought, likewise, to entertain a just 
appreciation of the proper qualifications of a practitioner of 
medicine; to make a due discrimination between true science 
and the assumptions of ignorance and empiricism; to afford 
every encouragement and facility for the acquisition of medical 
education, and not to allow the provisions of their statute books 
or of the prospectus of their chartered institutions to interpose 
any obstacles to the attainment of the fullest knowledge of every 
branch of medical science, or, in any way, to restrain the most 
entire freedom of thought, investigation, and action in matters 
appertaining to the practice of medicine. INDEX. 
Abortion, physician’s duty in, 7-8. 
Accidents, rights of physicians in, 19-4. 
Acknowledgments, pecuniary, 20-vii. 
Adjuvants, best moral, 6-4. 
Advertisements not allowable, 11-3. 
Advice gratis, not to the wealthy, 19-6. 
Calls, physicians should obey, 6-1. 
Case, in a dangerous, when and to whom 
opinions should be given, 6-4. 
„ patient should freely state his, 8-4. 
Cases, criminal or questionable should be 
declined, 7-8. 
„ incurable, not to be abandoned, 6-5. 
„ when to be refused attendance, 7-6. 
Character, purity of personal, 11-2. 
Confidence of patient in physician, 5-2. 
„ „ „ „ how acquired, 5-2. 
Contents of Code, summary of, 4. 
Consultations, concerning special, 17-7. 
,, duties of physicians in, 13-iv. 
„ double fee in special, 17-7. 
„ ethics of, 15-3. 
„ concerning examining the pa- 
tient in, 16-4. 
„ object of, 14. 
„ opinion to be communicated by 
attending physician in, 17-6. 
„ order of opinions in, 16-5. 
„ patient’s right to, 7-7. 
,, physician may decline to meet 
one inimical in, 14-1. 
„ punctuality in, 15-2. 
„ should be held, and why, 7-7. 
„ not to be arranged without 
consent of physician, 9-6. 
,, wished by patient, declined by 
attending physician, patient 
has right of choice, 10-6. 
„ in case of delay of one of the 
parties, 15-3. 
„ in case of diversity of opinion 
in, 16-5. 
„ treatment varied from, 17-6. 
„ with undiploma’d physicians, 
13-1. 
Consulting physician may not take charge 
of case, except &c., 17-8. 
Difference between physicians, 20-vi. 
Diploma, the evidence of professional 
standing, 13-1. 
„ consultation with those not 
having, 13-1. 
Dismiss physician, patient’s right to, 6-6; 
but should state his reason, 10-7. 
Duties (reciprocal), of physician and pa- 
tient, 5. 
„ of physician to patient, 5-i. 
„ of patient to physician, 8-ii. 
„ of physicians to"the profession, 11-i 
„ „ „ in vicarious offices, 13-iii, 
„ „ „ in consultations, 13-iv. 
„ „ „ in cases of interference, 
17-v. 
„ „ „ to the public, 21-i. 
„ of the public to physicians, 22-ii. 
Ethics of consultations, 15-2. 
Examination of patient in consultations, 
16-4. 
Fees, concerning, 20-vii. 
„ double in special consultations, 17-7. 
„ for public services, 21-2. 
„ in vicarious offices, 13-1, 2; 19-7. 
„ regulation of, 20-1. 
Gratuitous advice, not for wealthy, 19-6. 
„ services, classes proper for, 21-3. 
Honorarium for professional services to 
another physician, 12-1. 
Illiberality, none to be shown toward other 
practitioners, 17-1. 
Imposition of non-payers, 20-2. 
Influence over patient should be for good, 
7-8. 
Intercourse with patient of another, 18-2. 
Interference, duties in cases of, 17-v. 
Jealousy of other practitioners wrong, 18-1. 
Labor premature, physician’s duty in, 8-8. 
Medical Ethics, principles of, 3. 
„ „ scope of, 3. 
Medicine, basis of recognition in, 14. 
„ freedom of opinion in, 14. 
„ no tests of orthodoxy in, 14. 
Medicines, except those prescribed, to be 
rejected by patient, 9-5. 
„ should not be kept secret, 12-4. 
Midwifery, rights in vicarious, 19-7. 
Obedience of patient to physician, 8-5. 24 
Object of physician’s efforts, 3. 
Obligations mutual, of physicians and pa- 
tients, 5. 
„ of patient to physician, 8-ii. 
„ of the public to physicians, 22-ii. 
„ of physicians to the profession, 11. 
Opinions, freedom of in medicine, 14. 
„ in consultation, order of, 16-5. 
„ „ „ „ in case of diversity of, 16-5. 
,, „ „ „ to be communicated by at- 
tending physician, 17-6. 
Orthodoxy in medicine, 14. 
„ „ „ basis of, 14. 
Patents not to be held, 11-4. 
Patient and physician, rule of conduct, 3-2. 
„ „ „ reciprocal duties of, 5. 
„ obligations of, 8-ii; 10-8. 
„ should obey physician; why, 8-5. 
„ should take no medicine other than 
given by attending ptrysician,5-9. 
„ should avoid friendly visits of other 
physicians, 9-6. 
„ should consult physician early, 8-8. 
„ should unreservedly state case, 8-4. 
„ should advise with his own phy- 
sician before sending for a con- 
sultation, 9-6. 
„ has right of choice when a con- 
sultation is declined, 10-6. 
Patient’s right to prognosis, 6-4. 
„ „ to dismiss physician, 6-6; 
should give reasons, 10-7. 
„ „ to consultation, 7-7. 
“Patient’s physician,” definition of, 19-4. 
Pecuniary acknowledgments, 20-vii. 
Pestilence, duties of physicians, 21-1. 
“ Physician of any patient,” 19-4. 
Physician and patient, rule of conduct, 3-2. 
„ „ ,, reciprocal duties, 5. 
„ to patient, duties of, 5-i. 
„ obligations to, 8-ii; 10-8. 
„ may be dismissed, 6-6. 
„ may decline to attend, 7-6. 
„ should be ready to obey calls. 
Reasons therefor, 5-1. 
„ should have patient’s confi- 
dence, 5-2. 
„ should observe secrecy, 6-2. 
„ should not advertise, 11-3. 
„ should not hold a patent, 11-4. 
„ should not keep secret any med- 
icine, 12-4. 
„ should be cheerful, 6-4. 
„ should decline cases of question- 
able or criminal character, 7 8. 
„ should have purity of personal 
character, 11-2. 
„ should be temperate, 11-2. 
„ undiploma’d, consultations with 
an, 13-1. 
„ whom a patient should select, 
8-2. 
Physician’s best moral adjuvants, 6-4. 
„ duty in inducing labor, 8-8. 
„ duties and obligations to the 
profession, 11-i. 
„ „ in vicarious offices, 13-iii. 
Physician’s duties in consultations, 13-iv. 
„ „ on taking a case from 
another, 13-8. 
„ „ in case of accidents, 19-4. 
„ „ when casually called to 
another’s patient, 19-5. 
„ efforts, objects of, 8-1. 
,, fees in vicarious offices, 13-1,2. 
„ honorarium, 13-1. 
„ influence over patient should 
be for good, 7-8. 
„ rights in vicarious midwifery 
19-7. 
„ rule of conduct toward each 
other, 3-2. 
„ visits, how often, 5-3. 
Physicians, differences between, 20-vi. 
„ duties of to the public, 21-i. 
„ „ of the public to, 22-ii. 
„ „ of in time of pestilence, 
21-1. 
„ professional services of to each 
other, 12-ii. 
„ „ „ gratuitous, 12-1. 
“ Practitioner of any patient,” definition 
of, 19-4. 
Principles of Medical Ethics, 3. 
Professional standing, a diploma the evi- 
dence of, 13-1. 
Public, duties of physicians to the, 21-i. 
,, „ to physicians by the, 22-ii. 
Public duties, gratuitous, 21-1. 
„ „ worthy of fees, 21-2. 
Punctuality essential in consultations, 15-2. 
Secrecy necessary in physician, 5-2. 
Scope of Medical Ethics, 3. 
Selection of physician, 8-2. 
Services, double fee in special consultation, 
17-7. 
„ gratuitous to physicians’ families, 
12-1. 
„ professional, of physicians to each 
other, 12-ii. 
Services, professional, honorarium, 12-1. 
„ „ when gratuitous, 21-3. 
„ „ when should not be 
gratuitous, 21-3. 
„ public, when gratuitous, 21-3. 
„ „ when worthy of fees, 21-3. 
Special consultations, 17-7. 
Statement of progress of cases, when and 
to whom to be made, 6-4. 
„ in dangerous cases, 0-4. 
Temperance requisite in physician, 11-2. 
Treatment, concerning variations of, after 
consultation, 17-6. 
Vicarious offices, duties as regards, 13-iii. 
„ „ fees in, 13-1,2. 
Visits, friendly of other physicians to be 
avoided by patient, 9-6. 
„ to physicians’ families gratuitous, 
12-1. 
„ gratuitous, honorarium for, 12-1. 
,, „ expense of travel to be 
paid, 13. 
„ how often to be made, 5-3. 
„ in incurable cases, 6-5. THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF HOMCEOPATHY. 
This Association was organized in 1844, since which time it 
has held twenty-one sessions in the different cities of the Union. 
As it is a national association, with members in nearly every 
State, it is desirable that all the State and County societies, 
hospitals, asylums, infirmaries, dispensaries, colleges, journals, 
and all associations or institutions under homoeopathic control, 
should be represented by delegates, and report annually. The 
consideration of all medical questions of national importance 
properly belongs to the Institute, and every homoeopathic 
physician in the country should be a member. Its professional 
work is divided among six bureaus, which embrace the various 
subjects pertaining to the science of medicine. These, with the 
committees already appointed on special subjects and the officers 
of the Institute, constitute a working force of more than one 
hundred, through which every subject of importance to the 
medical profession can be presented to, and considered by the 
Institute. 
The Transactions of 1867 and 1868, furnished gratuitously 
to the members, have respectively four hundred and fifty, and six 
hundred pages, and contain information not to be derived from 
any other source. The usefulness and importance of this 
association will undoubtedly increase with its rapidly increasing 
number of members. CONSTITUTION, AND BY-LAWS. 
CONSTITUTION. 
ARTICLE I. 
This Association shall be styled the American Institute op 
Homceopathy. 
article ii. 
The object of the Institute shall be the improvement of the 
science of medicine. 
ARTICLE III. 
The Institute shall be composed of those physicians who are 
already members, and of such others as may be hereafter duly 
chosen in conformity with its By-laws. 
ARTICLE IY. 
The officers of the Institute shall be a President, a Vice- 
President, a General Secretary, a Provisional Secretary, and a 
Treasurer, with such other officers as shall be designated by the 
By-laws, to be chosen at such time, in such a manner, for such a 
period and with such duties, as those by-laws shall ordain. 21 
article y. 
The Institute shall have and use one common seal, with a 
suitable device and inscription. 
ARTICLE VI. 
This Constitution may be altered or amended by a vote of 
two-thirds of all the members present at the regular annual 
meeting, provided that notice of such alteration or amendment 
shall have been given in writing at a previous annual meeting of 
the Institute. 
BY-LAWS. 
ARTICLE I. 
The Institute shall hold at least one session in each year, 
at such time and place as may be determined upon from time 
to time. 
article n. 
Sect. 1. The officers shall be elected at each session by bal- 
lot, and shall remain in office until others are chosen. 
Sect. 2. The officers of the Institute — viz, the President, 
Vice-President, General Secretary, Provisional Secretary, and 
Treasurer — shall constitute an Executive Committee, which 
shall arrange the order of business at the meetings of the Insti- 
tute ; attend to matters of business not otherwise specially pro- 
vided for; and perform such other duties as may by vote of the 
Institute devolve upon it. It shall also constitute the Publica- 
tion Committee. 
ARTICLE III. 
The President shall preside at the meetings of the Institute, 
preserve order therein, put all questions, announce the decisions, 
and appoint the committees not otherwise ordered. 28 
ARTICLE IV. 
The Vice-President shall assist the President, and, in his 
absence, perform his duties. 
ARTICLE V. 
The General Secretary shall keep a record of the proceedings 
of the meetings; answer all letters addressed to the Institute; 
open and maintain such correspondence as may tend to advance 
its interests; give proper notice of the meetings of the Insti- 
tute ; notify candidates of their election; and sign certificates 
of membership. 
ARTICLE VI. 
The Provisional Secretary shall assist the General Secretary, 
and, in his absence, perform his duties. 
ARTICLE VII. 
The Treasurer shall collect all moneys belonging to the Insti- 
tute; make all necessary disbursements; and report annually 
in writing. 
ARTICLE VIII. 
At each session of the Institute there shall be elected, by 
ballot, a board of five Censors, who shall receive and examine 
the credentials of candidates, and report to the Institute, for 
election, such as may be found properly qualified. 
ARTICLE IX. 
Sect. 1. Any person who shall have pursued a regular course 
of medical studies, according to the requirements of the existing 
medical institutions of our country, and shall have obtained 
a certificate of three members of this Institute that he has 
thus complied with the above requirements, and sustains a 29 
good moral character and general standing, — addressed to the 
Board of Censors, and by them satisfactorily found qualified in 
the theory and practice of homoeopathy, and so reported to the 
Institute, — may be elected a member thereof; and, upon the 
payment of two dollars, shall receive a certificate of such elec- 
tion. 
Sect. 2. Properly accredited delegates, being physicians, 
shall be admitted during the session of the Institute to all the 
privileges of members, except voting and eligibility to office, on 
the following basis: 
First. From every association composed of more than fifty 
members from different States, tw*o delegates, with an additional 
delegate for every twenty members. 
Second. From every State society, two delegates, with an 
additional delegate for every twenty members. 
Third. From every county or local society, one delegate. 
Fourth. From every college, hospital, or dispensary actually 
established, one delegate. 
Fifth. From every medical journal published, one delegate. 
Such delegates shall be elected for the term of one year. 
It shall be their duty to present to this Institute, through its 
proper bureaus, a clear synopsis of the doings of their respec- 
tive associations. 
Sect. 3. Of State societies represented in the Institute, the 
Presidents shall be ex officio Vice-Presidents, and the Recording 
Secretaries shall be ex officio Corresponding Secretaries, of the 
Institute. It shall be the duty of these officers to communicate 
to the General Secretary any facts or information concerning 
the condition of these societies, and the progress of homoeopa- 
thy in their several States. 
Sect. 4. Any foreign homoeopathic physician may be elected 
a Corresponding Member of the Institute at any meeting; and 
the Institute may, at any annual meeting, elect as Honorary 
Members, not to exceed five in one year, any foreign homceo. 30 
pathie physicians who may be judged worthy, from their supe- 
ior attainments in medicine; provided that the names of 
persons proposed for Honorary Membership shall have been 
presented at a previous annual meeting. Such Corresponding 
and Honorary Members shall not be entitled to vote, nor be 
eligible to office. 
Sect. 5. Members shall be required to pay annually the sum 
of three dollars towards defraying the expenses of the Insti- 
tute. 
article x. 
Sect. 1. There shall be a Bureau of Materia Medica, Phar- 
macy, and Provings, consisting of nine members, which shall 
obtain facts relating to the materia medica and pharmacy; and 
institute, collect, and arrange provings of drugs. 
Sect. 2. There shall be a Bureau of Clinical Medicine, con- 
sisting of nine members, which shall collect facts relating to 
clinical medicine generally, and especially to any endemic or 
epidemic diseases which may exist in the country. 
Sect. 3. There shall be a Bureau of Obstetrics, and Diseases 
of Women and Children, consisting of seven members, which 
shall collect and report to the Institute facts and observations 
on subjects pertaining thereto. 
Sect. 4. There shall be a Bureau of Surgery, consisting 
of nine members, which shall collect all improvements in sur- 
gery and surgical means, especially in connection with 
homoeopathic treatment. 
Sect. 5. There shall be a Bureau of Organization, Registra- 
tion, and Statistics, which shall keep a register of all homoeo- 
pathic physicians, or those who claim to be such, in the United 
States, distinguishing those who are members of the Institute, 
and also members of State societies; prepare a list of all State 
and local societies, colleges, hospitals, dispensaries, and journals, 
with their organization; and collect any statistics regarding 
homoeopathy, its status and progress. 31 
Sec. 6. There shall be a Bureau of Anatomy, Physiology, 
and Hygiene, consisting of seven members, which shall report to 
the Institute the advances made in these departments of medical 
science. 
Each of these Bureaus, unless otherwise provided, shall con- 
sist of five members, to be appointed annually by the President 
with the advice of the other members of the Executive Com- 
mittee ; and, if any member of a bureau shall resign, or decline 
to serve, the Chairman of the bureau shall fill the vacaucy, and 
notify the General Secretary of the fact. 
The Chairmen of similar bureaus in State societies, repre- 
sented in the Institute, shall be ex officio Corresponding Members 
of these bureaus. 
ARTICLE XI. 
Diplomas shall be granted to such as are already members of 
the Institute, on the payment of one dollar, and to new mem- 
bers on the payment of two dollars. 
ARTICLE XII. 
These By-laws may be altered or amended by a vote of a 
majority of members present at any annual meeting. MEMBERS. 
The ? denotes that the residence is doubtful; the figures show the date of membership. 
Members are requested to inform the General Secretary of any change in the address of 
any of the members. 
The following resolution, passed June, 1866, went into effect June, 1867: 
Resolved, That members who are three years in arrears, and who do not 
pay within one year after being so notified by the Treasurer, shall be con- 
sidered as having forfeited membership, and their names shall be stricken 
from the list. 
ALABAMA. 
1844. Lingen, George, M.D Mobile. 
CALIFORNIA. 
1867. Albertson, J. A., M.D San Francisco. 
1850. Clark, J. K., M.D Sacramento. 
1858. Dinsmore, J. Pitman, M.D 8 O’Farrell St., San Fran. 
1860. Fox, John W., M.D San Francisco. 
1859. Geary, John F., M.D 632 Howard St., San Francisco. 
1867. Poulson, Peter William, M.D.. 12 Montgomery St., San Fran. 
CONNECTICUT. 
1857. Bell, William C., M.D Middletown. 
1867. Brown, Henry P., M.D Waterbury. 
1867. Browne, Gardner S., M.D Hartford. 
1859. Bulkley, Dr. William E Danbury. 
1851. Dennison, Jeremiah T., M.D Fairfield. 
1851. Foote, Charles C., M.D New Haven. 
1850. Foote, Elial T., M.D New Haven. 
1854. Green, Geo. S., M.D Hartford. 
1867. Holcomb, N. Webster, M.D Farmer’s Village. 
1867. Knight, Elam C., M.D Waterbury. 
1848. Norton, Lucian H., M.D Bridgeport. 
1867. Phillips, Albert William, M.D Birmingham. 33 
1849. Rodman, William W., M.D New Haven. 
1848. Skiff, Charles H., M.D New Haven. 
1858. Stone, Henry E., M.D Fairhaven. 
1867. Swift, Solomon E., M.D Colchester. 
1848. Taft, Charles A., M.D .Hartford. 
1867. YWadsworth, T. D., M.D Southington. 
1859. Wilson, G. H., M.D West Meriden. 
DELAWARE. 
1867. Negendank, Augustus, M.D Wilmington. 
. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 
1853. Brainerd, Jehu, M.D Washington. 
1867. Hale, Wm., M.D 213 Penn. Ave., Washington. 
1844. Piper, J. R., M.D 382 H. St., Washington. 
1867. Sonnenschmidt, C. W., M.D Washington. 
1858. Verdi, Tullio S., M.D.. 268 G St., Washington. 
GEORGIA. 
1867. Cleaveland, William L., M.D Atlanta. 
1868. Hunt, Samuel P., M.D Augusta. 
1859. Orme, F. H., M.D Savannah. 
ILLINOIS. 
1868. Bacmeister, Theodore, M.D Toulon. 
1868. Bancroft, Walton, M.D La Salle. 
1867. Barker, William C., M.D Waukegan. 
1868. Barrows, Geo. S., M.D Rockford. 
1857. Bartlett, A. R., M.D Aurora. 
1857. Beebe, Gaylord D., M.D Chicago. 
1867. Bell, James S., M.D Joliet. 
1867. Brooks, JohnB., M.D Geneseo. 
1867. Bumstead, S. J., M.D Pekin. 
1857. Colton, D. A., M.D Chicago. 
1854. Cooke, N. F., M.D 182 N. State St., Chicago. 
1866. Duncan, T. Cation, M.D .Chicago. 
1868. Garvin, J. Paul, M.D Alton. 
1865. Hale, Edwin M., M.D 65 Twenty-second St., Chicago. 
1868. Hedges, S. P., M.D Chicago. 
1868. Hempstead, W. C. F., M.D Virden. 34 
1857. Holt, Aaron P., M.D Lyndon. 
1867. Hoyne, Temple S., M.D Chicago. 
1868. Jackson, W. M., M.D Chicago. 
1868. Johnson, P. E., M.D Alton. 
1857. Kellogg, John L., M.D Chicago. 
1865. Kneipcke, E., M.D Chicago. 
1868. Loelkes, George, M.D Belleville. 
1868. Lord, Frederic A., M.D Chicago. 
1868. Ludlam, Edw. M. P., M.D Chicago. 
1857. Ludlam, Reuben, M.D Chicago. 
1868. Mann, 0. H., M.D Evanston. 
1867. Mason, S. R., M.D • • • Sheffield. 
1848. Miller, Adam, M.D Chicago. 
1866. Mitchell, J. S., M.D 66 Randolph St., Chicago. 
1867. Munsey, Barton, M.D Virden. 
1867. Nute, T. Riker, M.D. Chicago. 
1867. Pratt, Leonard, M.D Wheaton. 
1857. Shipman, Geo. E., M.D Chicago. 
1846. Small, Alvin E., M.D 124 S. Clark St., Chicago. 
1868. Small, Alvin E., jr. M.D 124 S. Clark St., Chicago. 
1868. Small, Henry N., M.D 124 S. Clark St., Chicago. 
1848. Smith, D. S., M.D Chicago. 
1867. Wilbur, C. A., M.D. Chicago. 
INDIANA. 
1867. Baer, 0. P., M.D Richmond. 
1868. Eggert, William, M.D Indianapolis. 
1865. Holland, II. N., M.D Jeffersonville. 
1853. Hutchinson, J. B., M.D Madison. 
1868. Peck, Edwin H., M.D Vincennes. 
1868. Whiting, Samuel C., M.D Vincennes. 
IOWA. 
1866. Coggswell, C. H., M.D Clinton. 
1850. Foote, George F., M.D Dubuque. 
1857. Guilbert, Edward A., M.D Dubuque. 
1867. Hill, Robert L., M.D Dubuque. 
1867. Pearson, Clement, M.D Mt. Pleasant. 
1868. Seidlicz, Geo. N., M.D Keokuk. 35 
KANSAS. 
1868. Mayer, Martin, M.D Leavenworth. 
KENTUCKY. 
1860. Cushing, J. F., M.D Covington. 
1865. Gunkle, Henry, M.D Newport. 
1865. Haynes, J. Russ, M.D Newport. 
1865. Hunt, W. H., M.D Covington. 
LOUISIANA. 
1846. Burritt, A. H., M.D New Orleans. 
1860. Holcombe, Wm. H., M.D 229 Camp St., New Orleans. 
MAINE. 
1868. Bell, James B., M.D Augusta. 
1846. Bradford, Richmond, M.D Auburn. 
1846. Clark, Eliphalet, M.D Portland. 
1848. Cummings, J. M.,M.D Portland. 
1847. Dodge, Moses, M.D Portland. 
1859. Eaton, Hosea B., M.D Rockport. 
1848. Gallupe, William, M.D Bangor. 
1867. Hiuks, E. F., M.D Thomaston. 
1859. Jefferds, George P., M.D Bangor. 
1868. Morrill, G. H., M.D Augusta. 
1867. Pajme, Frederick W., M.D...' Bath. 
1844. Payne, William E., M.D Bath. 
1858. Pulsifer, M R., M.D Ellsworth. 
1867. Seymour, D. E,, M.D Calais. 
1847. Shackford, Rufus, M.D Portland. 
1859. Thompson, W. L., M.D Augusta. 
MARYLAND. 
1860. Buckner, Charles S., M.D 12 Cathedral St., Baltimore. 
1868. Doran, Charles R., M.D Hagerstown. 
1852. Hammond, Milton, M.D 57 N. Paca St., Baltimore. 
1857. Martin, Jos. Lloyd, M.D Mt. Vernon Place, Baltimore. 
1844. McManus, F. R., M.D 27 Sharpe St., Baltimore. 
1848. Middleton, J. D., M.D 98 Saratoga St., Baltimore. 
1867. Price, Elias C., M.D Baltimore. 36 
1844. Schmidt, J., M.D 96 Eutaw St., Baltimore. 
1867. Shearer, Thomas, M.D Baltimore. 
MASSACHUSETTS. 
1851. Abbott, Jehiel, M.D, Westfield. 
1860. Ahlborn, Henry, M.D 76 Charles St., Boston, 
1868. Alvord, Samuel, M.D Chicopee Falls. 
1853. Angell, Henry C., M.D 16 Beacon Street, Boston. 
1867. Bailey, J. B., M.D Charlestown. 
1868. Baird, Wm. P., M.D Boston. 
1848. Barrows, George, M.D Taunton. 
1859. Bellows, Albert J., M.D 90 Springfield St., Boston. 
1859. Brooks, Charles A., M.D Clinton. 
1860. Brown, Josiah, M.D Lynn. 
1859. Burpee, John A., M.D Malden. 
1868. Butman, Geo. F., M.D 3 Dover St., Boston. 
1854. Cate, Shadrach M., M.D Salem. 
1859. Chamberlain, William B., M.D Worcester. 
1847. Chase, Hiram L., M.D Cambridge. 
1844. Clark, Luther, M.D 37 Pinckney St., Boston. 
1854. Clarke, Henry B., M.D New Bedford. 
1859. Clarke, John L., M.D Fall River. 
1851. Collins, H. A., M.D . .Springfield. 
1859. Cullis, Charles, M.D 18 Ashburton Place, Boston. 
1867. Cushing, Alvin M., M.D Lynn. 
1859. De Gersdorff, B., M.D 58 Pinckney St., Boston. 
1859. Dennett, George Win., M.D South Framingham. 
1859. Farnsworth, Charles IL, M.D E. Cambridge. 
1844. Fuller, Milton, M.D 35 Essex St., Boston. 
1859. Gale, Stephen M., M.D Newburyport. 
1851. Gambell, W. P., M.D. 2 Rutland St., Boston. 
1847. Geist, C. F 2 Franklin Square, Boston. 
1844 Gregg, Samuel, M.D 35 Howard St., Boston. 
1867. Harding, Evan B., M.D Northampton. 
1859. Harding, Wm. F., M.D Greenfield. 
1859. Harris, John T., M.D Roxbury. 
1867. Hedenberg, James, M.D Medford. 
1867. Hemenway, Horace P., M.D E. Somerville. 
1846. Holt, Daniel, M.D Lowell. 37 
1868. Hunt, David, jr., M.D "Worcester, 
1859. Johnson, Daniel A., M.D 20 Worcester St., Boston, 
1854. Jones, Elijah U., M.D Taunton. 
1865. Krebs, Francis H., M.D. 63 Chauncy St., Boston, 
1867. Lewis, William H., M.D 36 Newton St., Boston, 
1858. Lougee, Wm. H., M.D Lawrence. 
1858. Macfarland, Lafayette, M.D. .1492 Washington St., Boston, 
1859. Matthes, G. Felix, M.D New Bedford. 
1858. Morrill, Ezekiel, M.D Salem. 
1867. Morrill, Henry B., M.D 58 Beach St., Boston. 
1867. Morse, Nathan R., M.D Salem. 
1859. Neilson, James C., M.D Charlestown. 
1859. Nichols, Lemuel B., M.D 102 Main St., Worcester. 
1867. Osborne, James H., M.D Newton. 
1868. Packard, Liberty D., M.D .So. Boston. 
1853. Paine, Joseph P., M.D 659 Shawmut Av., Boston. 
1856. Palmer, Frederick N., M.D Newton. 
1860. Payne, James H., M.D 1262 Washington St., Boston. 
1851. Pearson, William, M.D S. Hadley Falls. 
1868. Pease, Giles M., M.D Boston. 
1867. Pike, Joseph G. W., M.D 103 Camden St., Boston. 
1848. Russell, George, M.D 14 Lynde St., Boston. 
1859. Sanders, Orren S., M.D 11 Bowdoin St., Boston. 
1847. Sawyer, B. E., M.D Haverhill. 
1867. Scales, Edward P., M.D Newton. 
1859. Scales, Thomas S., M.D Woburn. 
1867. Shattuck, Henry P., M.D 645 Washington St., Boston. 
1859 Sherman, John IL, M.D Middleborough. 
1854. Sisson, Edward R., M.D New Bedford. 
1867. Sisson, William II H., M.D New Bedford. 
1859. Spencer, Charles L., M.D New Bedford. 
1868. Squier, A. F., M.D 664 Washington St., Boston. 
1844. Swazey, George W., M.D Springfield. 
1853. Talbot, I. Tisdale, M.D 31 Mt. Vernon St., Boston. 
1847. Thayer, David, M.D 58 Beach St., Boston. 
1858. Turner, John, M.D 725 Tremont St., Boston. 
1854. Walker, Charles H., M.D Chelsea. 
1844. Weld, C. M., M.D Norfolk House, Boston Highlands. 
1859. Wesselhoeft, Conrad, M.D 57 Chauncy Street, Boston. 
1859. Wesselhoeft, Wm. P., M.D 42 Chauncy St., Boston. 
A 38 
1854. Wilder, Daniel, M.D New Bedford. 
1859. Woodbury, John Harvey, M.D.... 58 Temple St., Boston. 
1868. Woods, J. U., M.D Holyoke. 
1868. Woodvine, D. G., M.D 733 Tremont St., Boston. 
MINNESOTA. 
1860. Alley, James T., M.D St. Paul. 
1857. Hatch, Philo L., M.D. Minneapolis. 
MISSISSIPPI. 
1868. Davis, F. A. W., M.D Natchez. 
MICHIGAN. 
1868. Calvert, William J., M.D Ann Arbor. 
1867. Craig, J. D., M.D Niles. 
1867. Drake, E. H., M.D Detroit. 
1857. Harris, Charles Taylor, M.D Ann Arbor. 
1846. Ilempel, Charles J., M.D Grand Rapids. 
1866. Lodge, Edwin A., M.D 51 Wayne St., Detroit 
1854. Pomeroy, Thomas F., M.D Congress St., Detroit. 
1860. Reed, Jacob, jr., M.D Grand Rapids. 
1867. Rice, Nathaniel B., M.D East Saginaw. 
1853. Walker, A., M.D Pontiac. 
1857. Woodruff, Francis, M.D Ann Arbor. 
MISSOURI. 
1868. Bristol, Bennett J., M.D Webster Groves. 
1868. Chase, Henry S., M.D St. Louis. 
1866. Comstock, T. G., M.D. .14th St. and Wash. Av., St. Louis. 
1867. Foster, Wm. D., M.D Hannibal. 
1867. Franklin, E. C., M.D St. Louis. 
1865. Frost, James H. P., M.D St. Louis. 
1868. Gunderlach, Charles H., M.D St. Louis. 
1866. Hartmann, J., M.D 413 N. Eleventh St., St. Louis. 
1853. Helmuth, Wm. T., M.D 1418 Wash. Ave., St. Louis. 
1868. Luyties, D. R., M.D St. Louis. 
1868. Nibelung, Chas. H., M.D St. Louis. 
1868. Parsons, Scott B., M.D St. Louis. 
1868. Phelan, R. A., M.D St. Louis. 
1867. Skeels, A. P., M.D St. Louis. 39 
1868. Temple, Jolin T., M.D St. Louis. 
1868. Tirrell, N. D., M.D St. Louis. 
1868. Vastine, Clias., M.D St. Louis. 
1868. Vastine, Thos. J., M.D St. Louis. 
NEBRASKA. 
1860. Wood, 0. S., M.D Omaha. 
1853. Wright, A. S., M.D Omaha. 
NEVADA. 
1859. Wild, Edward A., M.D Austin. 
NEW HAMPSHIRE. 
1868. Gallinger, Jacob H., M.D Concord. 
1847. Hinds, W. H. H., M.D Milford. 
1846. Morrill, Alpheus, M.D Concord. 
1866. Morrill, Shadrach C., M.D Concord. 
1847. Peterson, James, M.D Weare. 
1867. Whittle, James Peterson, M.D Weare. 
1847. Whittle, Joshua F., M.D Nashua. 
NEW JERSEY. 
1846. Annin, J. D., M.D Newark. 
1867. Bailey, George W., M.D Elizabeth. 
1845. Boardman, J. C., M.D Trenton. 
1867. Bowen, Eleazer, M.D. Jersey City. 
1867. Bowen, Horace, M.D Jersey City. 
1860. Clay, G. B. L., M.D Moorestown. 
1867. Fairbanks, John N., M.D Hightstown. 
1867. Fish, Chas. F., M.D Newark. 
1849. Gardiner, Daniel R., M.D Woodbury. 
1866. Homer, H., M.D Plainfield. 
1867. Hunt, Henry F., M.D Camden. 
1868. Jones, S. A., M.D Englewood. 
1867. Kirkpatrick, Alexander, M.D Burlington. 
1867. Macomber, Addison P., M.D Hackensack. 
1867. McNeil, Daniel, M.D Hudson City. 
1867. Mandeville, F. B., M.D Newark. 
1860. Moore, Joseph, M.D Bridgeton. 
1867. Nichols, Frank, M.D Hoboken. 
1844. Paine, John A., M.D Newark. 10 
1846. Rhees, Morgan J., M.D Mount Holly. 
1868. Tibbies, Geo. N., M.D Hudson City. 
1867. Tompkins, Silas B., M.D Newark. 
1844. Ward, Isaac M., M.D Newark. 
1844. Ward, Walter, M.D Mount Holly. 
1867. Webb, E. Cook, M.D Orange. 
1853. Wilkinson, Ross M., M.D 97 E. State St., Trenton. 
1865. Wilson, Pusey, M.D.. Moorestown. 
1858. Youlin, John J., M.D 130 Grove Street, Jersey City. 
NEW YORK. 
1866. Allen, Timothy F., M.D. ...105 Fourth Avenue, New York. 
1867. Andrews, Joel R., M.D.. 52 W. Twenty-ninth St.,New York. 
1867. Avery, Henry N., M.D Poughkeepsie. 
1857. Baldwin, Jared G., M.D. 22 E. Twenty-fourth St., N. York. 
1844. Ball, Alonzo S., M.D 43 W. Eleventh St., New York. 
1866. Baner, Wm. J., M.D..Fourth Av. and Nineteenth St., N. Y. 
1844. Barlow, Samuel B., M.D. ..55 E. Twenty-first St., N. York. 
1867. Bartlett, Edward G., M.D... 80 W. Eleventh St., N. York. 
1847. Baxter, William, M.D Wappinger’s Falls. 
1846. Bayard, Edward, M.D... . .6 W. Fourteenth St., New York. 
1867. Bayliss, B. L. B., M.D Astoria. 
1859. Beakley, Henry, M.D Peekskill. 
1848. Beakley, Jacob, M.D...Grammercy Park House, New York. 
1846. Belcher, George E., M.D..43 E. Twenty-first St., New York. 
1867. Benedict, Harris S., M.D Corning. 
1846. Bennet, Hilem, M.D Rochester. 
1865. Benson, P. Oscar C.,M.D Skaneateles. 
1858. Berghaus, Julius M., M D... .49 West 24th St., New York. 
1854. Bigelow, Franklin, M.D 102 S. Salina St., Syracuse. 
1854. Bigelow, J. G., M.D Syracuse. 
1866. Billings, George IE, M.D...... 7 Hanson Place, Brooklyn. 
1854. Bishop, D. F., M.D Lockport. 
1853. Bissell, Arthur F., M.D 157 Maiden Lane, New York. 
1867. Blakelock, Ralph, M.D..410 W. Twenty-fourth St., New York. 
1854. Blanchard, Henry C., M.D. Buffalo. 
1844. Bowers, Benjamin F., M.D... .23 E. Twentieth St., New York. 
1866. Boyce, C. William, M.D Auburn. 
1860. Bradford, F. Standisli, M.D 108 Fourth Av., New York. 
1867. Brey, Julius C., M.D New York. 41 
1867. Brink, William, M.D... .55 E. Twenty-first St., New York. 
1867. Brown, Edward V., M.D Tarrytown. 
1867. Brown, Titus L., M.D Binghamton. 
1855. Bryant, Joel, M.D 31 Smith St., Brooklyn. 
1867. Bryant, Melville, M.D 31 Smith St., Brooklyn. 
1856. Bull, A. T., M.D Buffalo. 
1868. Burchard, J. Gregg, M.D.. Peekskill. 
1867. Burdick, Stephen P., M.D 303 W. 34th St., New York. 
1848. Burke, A. C., M.D 142 Union St., Brooklyn. 
1867. Burnett, Benajah J., jr., M.D Mount Vernon. 
1867. Campbell, C. E., M.D. . 19 Second Ave., New York. 
1844. Cator, H. Hull, M.D Kingston. 
1867. Cetlinski, Beloit, M.D 101 E. Twelfth St., New York. 
1845. Clary, Lyman, M.D Syracuse. 
1852. Clements, Zina, M.D Saratoga. 
1867. Comstock, Albert L., M.D Mount Kisco. 
1848. Cook, Abijah P., M.D Hudson. 
1867. Cook, E. G., M.D Buffalo. 
1867. Cook, Elliot L., M.D Buffalo. 
1850. Cook, Simeon A., M.D Troy. 
1855. Dake, C. A., M.D .Albion. 
1847. Dake, C. M., M.D Rochester. 
1860. Dake, Jabez W., M.D Albion. 
1868. Day foot, Herbert M., M.D Mt. Morris. 
1848. Donovon, Thomas W., M.D Quarantine, Staten Island. 
1867. Dowling, John W., M.D.. .58 W. Twenty-fifth St., New York. 
1860. Dunham, Carroll, M.D... .68 E. Twelfth Street, New York. 
1867. Ermentraut, John P., M.D . .194 Seventh Street, New York. 
1857. Ellis, John, M.D 263 W. Fifty-fourth Street, New York. 
1867. Evans, Jos. T., M.D... .27 E. Thirty-first St., New York. 
1867. Everitt, Daniel L., M.D 29 Madison St., Brooklyn. 
1867. Fanning, Thomas C., M.D Tarrytown. 
1867 Fellows, II. Barton, M.D Aurora. 
1868. Finch, Edwin W., M.D New Rochelle. 
1855. Fincke, B., M.D 92 Livingston St., Brooklyn. 
1867. Fiske, W. M. L., M.D Rochester. 
1867. Flagg, Levi W., M.D Yonkers 
1858. Freeman, W., M.D.. .43 W. Twenty-fourth St., New York. 
1858. Freligh, Martin, M.D 128 Ninth Street, New York. 
1858. Fullgraff, Otto, M.D 41 E. Fifteenth St., New York. 42 
1865. Garside, W. B., M.D.. .Greene Av. and Hall St., Brooklyn. 
1867. Goodwin, Thomas S., M.D. .Port Richmond, Staten Island. 
1844. Gray, John F., M.D 38 E. Twentieth St., New York. 
1855. Gregg, Rollin R., M.D., 237 Washington St., Buffalo. 
1848. Guernsey, Egbert, M.D.. 18 W. Twenty-third St., New York. 
1847. Guy, Samuel S., M.D New York. 
1859. Hall, Geo. A., M.D Westfield. 
1846. Halloek, Lewis, M.D 92 Madison Ave., New York. 
1847. Hamilton, O. D., M.D Mount Morris. 
1868. Hasbrouck, Stephen, M.D New York. 
1867. Hawks, John, M.D 20 Jefferson St., Brooklyn. 
1858. Hawley, L. B., M.D ... Waverley. 
1867. Heurtley, Walter R., M.D Newburgh. 
1867. Hitchcock, H. M., M.D. .22 E. Twenty-fourth St., New York. 
1867. Hocking, Wm. F., M.D Washington Heights. 
1858. Hofman, Ernst F., M.D 40 E. Thirtieth St., New York. 
1867. Holtby, Jabez B., M.D. ..E. Twenty-second St., New York. 
1867. Hornby, John, M.D ...Poughkeepsie. 
1866. Horwitz, William, M.D New York. 
1858. Hotchkiss, J. T., M.D. Monroe. 
1859. Houghton, II. A., M.D Keeseville. 
1867. Houghton, Henry C., M.D P. O. Box 4700, New York. 
1846. Hull, A. Cooke, M.D 105 Joralemon St., Brooklyn. 
1867. Hund, II. B., M.D .23 Hester St., New York. 
1867. Hunt, F. W., M.D New York. 
1867. Ingalls, F. W., M.D Kingston. 
1867. Jayne, DeWitt C., M.D Florida. 
1867. Jones, Henry C., M.D. Mount Vernon. 
1853. Joslin, Benj. F., M.D. .52 W. Twenty-ninth St., New York. 
1867. Keep, J. Lester, M.D.Cor. Gates & Vandb’lt Avs., Brooklyn. 
1848. Keep, Lester, M.D. .Cor. Gates & Vand’b’lt Avs., Brooktyn. 
1858. Kellogg, Edwin M., M.D. .21 E. Twentieth St., New York. 
1853. Kenyon, L. M., M.D 86 W. Mohawk St., Buffalo. 
1844. Kimball, David S., M.D Sackett’s Harbor. 
1867. Kuhn, Carl W., M.D 59 Bond St., New York. 
1867. Liebold, C. Theo , M.D. .57 E. Twenty-first St., New York. 
1867. Lilienthal, S., M.D... .230 W. Twenty-fifth St., New York. 
1846. Lovejoy, Ezekiel, M.D Owego. 
1867. Lowry, Charles, M.D Greenwich. 
1844. Mails, James, M.D.. .43 W. Twenty-fourth St.,New York. 43 
1848. Marcy, Erastus E., M.D 26 E. Twenty-second St., N. Y. 
1866. McMurray, Robert, M.D.. .192 Second Avenue, New York. 
1867. Millard, Henry B., M.D.... 7 E. Twenty-seventh St., N. Y. 
1867. Miller, R. E., M.D Oxford. 
1858. Minton, Henry, M.D 138 Remsen St., Brooklyn. 
1868. Mitchell, Geo. B. I., M.D New York. 
1866. Mitchell, John J., M.D.... 955 Second Avenue, New York. 
1867. Mitchell, J. W., M.D.. .19 W. Twenty-first St., New York. 
1867. Moffat, Reuben C., M.D Brooklyn. 
1867. Montanye, William D. S , M.D Rondout. 
1855. Morgan, A. R., M.D 10 Livingston PL, New York. 
1858. Morrill, Henry E., M.D 88 Orange St., Brooklyn. 
1848. Munger, Erastus A., M.D Waterville. 
1856. Ormes, Cornelius, M.D Jamestown. 
1844. Paine, Henry D., M.D 229 Fifth Ave., New York. 
1850. Paine, Horace M., M.D 104 State St., Albany. 
1848. Palmer, Miles W., M.D. .235 E. Eighteenth St., New York. 
1867. Pearsall, S. I., M.D Saratoga Springs. 
1858. Perrine, W. L. R., M.D. ..... 83 Montague St., Brooklyn. 
1867 Pratt, William M., M.D 218 E. Broadway, New York 
1854. Randel, William H., M.D Albany. 
1848. Raymond, Jonas C., M.D 252 Genesee St., Utica. 
1847. Richardson, E. T., M.D 87 Montague St., Brooklyn. 
1844. Robinson, Horatio, M.D... Auburn. 
1858. Rosman, John G., M.D 60 Pierrepont St,, Brooklyn. 
1867. Seeley, N.R., M.D Elmira. 
1867. Shaffer, Levi, M.D Kingston. 
1859. Shattuck, Alvin, M.D 41 S. Division St., Buffalo. 
1853. Skiles, F. W., M.D 86 Clinton St., Brooklyn. 
1867. Sloan, Henry N., M.D Binghamton. 
1866. Smith, Daniel D., M.D Spring Valley. 
1860. Smith, Henry M., M.D 105 Fourth Avenue, N. Y. 
1860. Smith, Thomas Franklin, M.D.. 128th St., near 4th Av., N. Y. 
1867. Sommer, Gustave Justus Moritz, M.D East New York. 
1868. Southwick, T. E., M.D Ogdensburg. 
1850. Springsteed, David, M.D Albany. 
1865. Sumner, Charles, M.D Rochester. 
1867. Swan, Samuel, M.D... .13 W. Thirty-eighth St., New York. 
1867. Thompson, J. H., M.D 46 Union Square, New York. 
1867. Thompson, Virgil, M.D 41 Barrow St., New York. 44 
1856. Ward, John A., M.D 20 East 21st St., New York. 
1857. Ward, Joseph B., M.D.. ,Cor. Bedfd Av. & B’way, Brooklyn. 
1848. Warner, Lewis T., M.D.. .39 E. Nineteenth St., New York. 
1854. Watson, William IL, M.D 270 Genesee St., Utica. 
1848. Wells, Lucien B., M.D 225 Genesee St., Utica. 
1844. Wells, P. P., M.D 84 Clinton St., Brooklyn. 
1858. West, Edwin, M.D. ...42 W. Washington Place, New York. 
1866. Wetmore, John M., M.D. 43 E. Twenty-first St., New York. 
1867. White, J. Ralsey, M.D 1915 Third Ay., New York. 
1860. White, Theodore C., M.D Rochester. 
1867. White, W. Hanford, M.D. .26 E. Twenty-second St., N. Y. 
1855. Wilder, Louis de V., M.D 82 W. 29th St., New York. 
1858. Wright, Albert, M.D...Cor. Bedfd Av. & B’way, Brooklyn. 
1867. Wright, Wm, M.D 34 Fifth Street, Brooklyn, E. D. 
NORTH CAROLINA. 
1860. Freeman, Wm. E., M.D Wilmington. 
OHIO. 
1853. Barnes, George W., M.D Cleveland. 
1868. Baxter, II. H., M.D Columbus. 
1865. Beckwith, D. H., M.D Cleveland. 
1857. Beckwith, Seth R., M.D Cleveland. 
1868. Biggar, Hamilton F., M.D Cleveland. 
1850. Bigler, G. W., M.D Cincinnati. 
1865. Bradford, T. C., M.D .170 W. Fourth St., Cincinnati. 
1865. Bronson, Charles C., M.D Cincinnati. 
1865. Caldwell, S. N., M.D Piqua. 
1865. Coffeen, J. Q. A., M.D Springdale. 
1865. Cropper, Charles, M.D Cincinnati. 
1852. Dake, Jabez P., M.D Salem. 
1865. Ehrman, A. H., M.D... .46 W. Seventh Street, Cincinnati. 
1846. Ehrman, Benjamin, M.D... .46 W. Seventh St., Cincinnati. 
1849. Ehrman, C., M.D Cincinnati. 
1846. Ehrman, F., M.D 87 W. Seventh Street, Cincinnati. 
'1865. Fuller, James M., M.D 253 Richmond St., Cincinnati. 
1866. Graham, Wm. G., M.D Canton. 
1865. Harpell, J., M.D 426 John St., Cincinnati. 
1865. Hartshorn, D. W., M.D Cincinnati. 
1865. Hunt, James G., M.D 100 W. Ninth St., Cincinnati. 45 
1868. Hunter, A. 0.,M.D Mansfield. 
1853. Johnson, J. M., M.D Cleveland. 
1866. Keyes, A. E., M.D Ravenna. 
1865. Lynde, Robert R., M.D Cincinnati. 
1865. Owens, William, M.D Cincinnati. 
1853. Parks, Jesse M., M.D Hamilton. 
1844. Pulte, Joseph H., M.D Cincinnati. 
1865. Rush, R. B., M.D 120 Main St., Salem. 
1860. Sanders, John C., M.D Cleveland. 
1868. Schneider, N., M.D Cleveland. 
1846. Shepard, A., M.D Glendale. 
1860. Thomas, E. B., M.D 119 W. Ninth St., Cincinnati. 
1853. Turrill, M. Y., M.D Cleveland. 
1866. Verdi, Giro S., M.D 17 Monument Sq., Cleveland. 
1865. Webster, W., M.D 127 Main St., Dayton. 
1867. Wheeler, Alexander W., M.D Cleveland. 
1865. Wilson, T. P., M.D Cleveland. 
PENNSYLVANIA. 
1858. Ashton, A. H., M.D 730 S. Tenth Street, Philadelphia. 
1866. Barnaby, J. E., M.D Allegheny City. 
1846. Belt, R. G., M.D Philadelphia. 
1846. Berens, Bernard, M.D 909 Arch Street, Philadelphia. 
1846. Berens, Joseph, M.D... ,513 North Sixth St., Philadelphia. 
1865. Blakely, William J., M.D Benzinger, Elk Co. 
1865. Boericke, F. E., M.D 635 Arch Street, Philadelphia. 
1866. Borland, W. C., M.D Pittsburg. 
1860. Brooks, Silas S., M.D .. .140 N. Twelfth St., Philadelphia. 
1867. Bunting, Thomas C., M.D Mauch Chunk. 
1854. Burgher, J. C., M.D 332 Penn St., Pittsburg. 
1865. Childs, W. R., M.D 208 Penn St., Pittsburg. 
1866. Cook, William H., M.D Carlisle. 
1866. Cooper, Frank B., M.D Allegheny City. 
1866. Cooper, J. F., M.D '.Allegheny City. 
1856. Cote, Marcellin, M.D 284 Penn St., Pittsburg. 
1865. Cowley, David, M.D 298 Penn St., Pittsburg. 
1866. Dake, B. F., M.D 300 Penn St., Pittsburg. 
1844. Detwiller, H., M.D Easton. 
1858. Detwiller, J. J., M.D Easton. 
1866. Earlieart, J. R., M.D.. 125 N. Seventeenth St., Philadelphia. 46 
18G6. Faulkner, R., M.D Erie. 
1866. Foster, G. S., M.D Allegheny Cit3T. 
1866. Friese, M., M.D Harrisburg. 
1846. Gardiner, Richard, M.D.. .526 Spruce Street, Philadelphia. 
1846. Guernsey, Henry N., M.D 1423 Chestnut St., Phila. 
1852. Guernsey, Wm. F., M.D 4430 Frankford Ave., Phila. 
1867. Gumpert, B. B., M.D. Cor. Frank’ and Parrish Sts., Phila. 
1846. Helmuth, Win. S., M.D....312 S. Tenth St., Philadelphia. 
1844. Hering, Constantine, M.D 112 N. Twelfth St., Phila. 
1856. Herron, James A., M.D 12 Smithfield St., Pittsburg. 
1865. Hewitt, Thomas, M.D Allegheny City. 
1854. Hofman, H. II., M.D 216 Penn St., Pittsburg. 
1854. Houard, John G., M.D 402 S. Broad St., Philadelphia. 
1859. James, Bushrod W., M.D.... 609 N. 18th St., Philadelphia. 
1846. James, D., M.D 1013 Green Street, Philadelphia. 
1846. James, Isaac, M.D Bustleton. 
1866. James, J. E., M.D 1013 Greene Street, Philadelphia. 
1844. Jeanes, Jacob, M.D 519 Vine Street, Philadelphia. 
1858. Jones, Joseph E., M.D WestCliester. 
1860. Johnson, Isaac D., M.D Kennet Square. 
1848. Koch, A. W., M.D 118 N. Twelfth St., Philadelphia. 
1868. Koch, Richard, M.D Philadelphia. 
1866. Lee, C. II., M.D Tarentum. 
1860. Lee, J. K., M.D.. ..S. W. cor. 38th & Chestnut Sts., Phila. 
1845. Lippe, Adolph, M.D 1204 Walnut St., Philadelphia. 
1866. Logee, H. M., M.D Linesville. 
1868. Macfarlan, Malcolm, M.D Philadelphia. 
1860. Malin, John, M.D 4847 Main St., Germantown. 
1866. Marsden, J. H., M.D York Springs. 
1868. Martin, H. N., M.D 630 Spruce St., Philadelphia. 
1868. Marvin, C. II., M.D Philadelphia. 
1860. McClatchey, Robert J., M.D 916 K. Tenth St., Phila. 
1867. McClelland, J. H., M.D Pittsburg. 
1860. McLeod, G. J., M.D 3905 Locust Street, Philadelphia. 
1860. Moore, Thomas, M.D ; Germantown. 
1867. Morgan, John C., M.D Philadelphia. 
1844. Neidhard, Charles, M.D 1020 Arch St., Philadelphia. 
1866. Preston, Coates, M.D Chester. 
1865. Rankin, J. S., M.D 105 Fifth St., Pittsburg. 
1860. Reading, Edward, M.D Hatborough. 47 
1848. Reading, J. R., M.D ... .Somerton. 
1857. Reed, William A., M.D 123 N. Eleventh St., Phila. 
1866. Richards, J. C., M.D Lock Haven. 
1866. Rousseau, L. M., M.D 294 Penn St., Pittsburg. 
1866. Smedley, Robert C., M.D West Chester. 
1867. Smith, William H., M.D 815 Spruce St., Philadelphia. 
1860. Starkey, George R., M.D 1713 Arch St., Philadelphia. 
1846. Stevens, C. A., M.D Scranton. 
1852. Stevenson, T. Collins, M.D Carlisle. 
1866. Stewart, Jacob, M.D Sharpsburg. 
1866. Townsend, E. W., M.D Greensburg. 
1860. Trites, David T., M.D Manayunk. 
1867. Ure, Walter, M.D ; Allegheny City. 
1848. Vinal, L. G., M.D 958 N. Tenth St., Philadelphia. 
1865. Wallace, M. W., M.D Allegheny City. 
1866. Werder, Max, M.D ... Johnstown. 
1867. Willard, L. H., M.D Allegheny City. 
1844. Williamson, Walter, M.D. .Cor. 11th & Filbert Sts., Phila. 
1857. Williamson, Walter M., M.D..Cor. 11th & Filbert Sts., Phil. 
1867. Wood, Henry C., M.D West Chester. 
1854. Wood, J. B., M.D West Chester. 
1867. Zantzinger, Alfred, M.D 300 South Tenth St., Phila. 
RHODE ISLAND. 
1846. Barrows, Ira, M.D... .Cor. Wash. & Mathewson Sts., Prov. 
1868. Budlong, John C., M.D Centredale. 
1846. Clarke, Peleg, M.D 21 Sutton St., Providence. 
1847. DeWolfe, John J., M.D Providence. 
1844. Manchester, Charles F., M.D 29 Mills St., Pawtucket. 
1867. Sawin, Isaac W., M.D ; Centredale. 
1856. Stevens, Grenville S., M.D Providence. 
TENNESSEE. 
1866. Sheffield, H., M.D 139 Broad Street, Nashville. 
TEXAS. 
1868. Angell, Edwin P., M.D, Galveston. 
VERMONT. 
1867. Currier, C. B., M.D Middlebury. 48 
1859. Sparhawk, George E. E., M.D Gaysville. 
1865. Woodhouse, Charles, M.D Rutland. 
WISCONSIN. 
1847. Douglas, J. S.,M.D Milwaukee. 
1855. Gray, A. W., M.D Milwaukee. 
1857. Ober, L. E., M.D. La Crosse, 
NOVA SCOTIA. 
1867. "Wesselkoeft, Walter, M.D Halifax. 
MISCELLANEOUS. 
1859. Munde, Charles, M.D Wurzburg, Germany. 
1858. Wackerbarth, T. von, M.D Germany. 
CORRESPONDING MEMBER. 
1868. Moore, John, M.D Liverpool, Eng.