MEDICAL EDUCATION AND Medical Colleges IN THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA, 176E-1886. ILLINOIS STATE BOARD OF HEALTH. SPRINGFIELD. ILL.: H. W. Rokker, State Printer and Binder. 1886. MEDICAL EDUCATION X AND Medical Colleges s IN THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA. 1766-1886. Illinois State Board of Health, Springfield, 1886. SPRINGFIELD, ILL.: H. W Rokker, Printer and Binder. 1886. MEDICAL EDUCATION AND MEDICAL COLLEGES IN THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA-1765-1886. In June, 1880, a committee of the Illinois State Board of Health was appointed for the purpose of obtaining from the Medical Col- leges of this country their own statements concerning requirements, curricula of study, duration and number of lecture courses and other data upon which to base a definition of the phrase " good standing," as used in the Act to Regulate the Practice of Medi- cine in Illinois. To this end the following inquiries were addressed to each of the then existing colleges in the United States: I. In the present state of medical science and education in this country, what preparation is and ought to be required for admis- sion to the lectures of a medical college, to entitle it to ''good standing?" II. On what branches of medical and cognate science ought courses of lectures to be provided, and what length of course on each to entitle the college to "good standing?" III. What requirements as to full attendance, reading and quiz- zes, or other examinations, occasional or final, ought to be main- tained in such colleges? IV. What attendance on lectures, as to time, number of terms or courses and intervals between courses, are and ought to be re- quired by such colleges as conditions of graduation? V. What other conditions of graduation, such as hospital prac- tice, or practice under preceptors, attendance on clinics, and dis- sections, are and ought to be required for graduation? Similar inquiries, it may be observed, were also addressed to prom- inent members of the profession and to medical societies; and upon the consensus of replies received from the colleges themselves, and from these other sources of information, the Standard of Minimum Requirements-entitling a college to be held in "good standing," for the purposes of the Medical-Practice Act-was framed and finally adopted by the Board. Further details of this subject will be found in the Third Annual Report, pp. 42-53; in the Fourth Annual Report, pp. ix, 39-95; in the Fifth Annual Report, pp. xii, xm, 1-202; in the Sixth An- nual Report, pp. ix-xvi, i-xxvi, 1-96; in the Seventh Annual Report, pp. x, xi, 473-601; and in the Abstracts of the Proceed- ings of the Board in these several volumes. From this effort to define with more precision, and in accordance with the standard of good and well-accredited medical schools, the 4 qualifications and conditions under which the Board may recognize the diplomas of any given college as in "good standing," a vast amount of information, historical, technical and miscellaneous, has been accumulated-mainly by correspondence, but much of it by the personal investigation and research of the Secretary. Originally in- tended merely to subserve the purpose above described, the value of this information for reference was at once obvious, and the data first obtained were tabulated and published as an appendix to the report of the Committee on Medical Education anti Medical Col- leges. This tabulation, out of which has been gradually evolved the present section, embraced a total of 59 schools-45 regular, 10 homeopathic, 3 eclectic and 1 physio-medical-and exhibited, in parallel columns*on a single sheet, the courses of study, fees and requirements of each institution. In the next Annual Report (the Fourth) this was expanded into, a "Directory of the Institutions granting Medical Diplomas or Licenses in the United States and Canada," occupying 57 pages, and giving the titles, locations, dates of organization and other historical data, faculties, courses of in- struction, requirements for admission and for graduation, fees, num- bers of students and of graduates at the last preceding sessions, and numbers of graduates practicing in Illinois-of 119 institutions in the United States and Canada; together with the titles, etc., of 56 extinct institutions, making a total of 175, or almost three times as many as were contained in the embryo report of 1880. In the Fifth Report the Directory was revised, enlarged and brought up to the dates of the announcements for the sessions of 1883-84. The total number of institutions in existence was increased to 136, and of extinct to 95, making an aggregate of 231. To the College Directory of each State was prefixed the text of the laws of the State regulating medical practice, or bearing upon the interests of the profession; together with comments of correspondents concern- ing such laws, their operation and the status of the profession and of medical education and practice. Under the titles "Conspectus of the Medical Colleges of America," in the Sixth Annual Report, and "Medical Education and Medical Colleges in the United States and Canada; 1765 to 1885," in the Seventh Annual, the work was still further perfected, and the total of 59 schools-the information con- cerning which was given on one sheet in the Third Annual Report- was increased to 233, occupying 131 pages of the last Report. Laws and regulations enacted since the publication in the Fifth Annual have been added, and a Historical Review of the Regulation of the Practice of Medicine since A. D. 1422, together with the text of Decisions under Medical-Practice Laws, are given in the Seventh Annual Report.* During the period covered by this action of the Illinois State Board of Health, (1880-1886) there has been a marked and in- creasing interest in the subject of medical education and the regu- lation of medical practice. State Medicine-long limited to the agency of the State in matters of hygiene beyond the control of the ♦These are not included in the Report on Medical Education and Medical Colleges, but will be found in separate sections, occupying pa^es 467-470, and pages 429-465, respect- ively. 5 individual, and thence tardily extended to embrace measures of preventive medicine in general-has finally been broadened so as to include within its scope the field of curative medicine itself, at least in so far as "it is the duty of the State to protect its citi- zens from the injuries they may sustain from the practice of in- competent physicians and surgeons, as well as from any other source of danger to public health."* In a recent address, delivered at the XXXVIIth Annual Session of the American Medical Association, St. Louis, May 6, 1886, the Secretary of the Board, as Chairman of the Section in State Medi- cine, traced the growth of this movement and set forth the authority by which the State assumes to regulate the practice of medicine. As having a direct bearing upon the subject of medical education the following passages are here quoted: That authority [upon which is based the right of the State to regulate medical practice] is the inherent and plenary power which resides in the State to prohibit all things hurtful, and to promote all things helpful, to the comfort, welfare and safety of society. Speaking specifically of the Illinois Medical-Practice Act, ex-Gov- ernor John M. Hamilton has recently said: "The object of the Medical-Practice Act was primarily a police regulation. Incidentally it was educational. Primarily the purpose of the law was to rid the State of incompetent, ignorant and dangerous mountebanks and quacks, who were carrying on a fraudulent and nefarious business by all manner of deceit in a pretended practice of medicine among the people. It was to protect the lives, the health, the morals and the property of the people of the State from the shameless depre- dations of swindlers and adventurers who, by all manner of false representations and deceptive promises, were taking advantage of the misfortunes of the people in sickness and ailments of all kinds, to still further injure their health, endanger their lives, and rob them of their money. " Incidentally the law was designed to require a reasonable amount of education to fit one for the practice of medicine before he should be allowed to enter that profession, so directly and inti- mately connected with the lives, the health and the happiness of the people. Both these purposes come clearly within the police powers of the State in affording such protection to its citizens." An unbroken line of authorities, from Blackstone down to the most recent decisions of the various Supreme Courts, hold that the police powers of the State are plenary and inalienable, co-extensive with the natural right of self-protection; that their exercise is de- manded and justified by the "law of overruling necessity;" and that broadly, they are the foundation of all laws and regulations for the well-being or government of the people, and especially, of all laws, ordinances, rules and regulations for the preservation of the health or safety of the community. Early in the history of the country, laws, thus founded, were en- acted for the regulation of the practice of medicine. But the sparse *Dr. H. A. Johnson "On the Regulation of Medical Practice by State Boards of Health as Exemplified by the Execution of the Law in Illinois." Address before the American Medical Association at the Atlanta meeting in 1879. 6 population and the conditions which then obtained, as well as the fact that many of the enactments were so onerous and restrictive that they came to be regarded by the public as in the nature of class legislation, operating to make the profession a close guild or trades' union, rendered their enforcement impracticable. They were gradually repealed or fell into a state of " innocuous desuetude," until about 1830-1840 there were practically no restrictions, the pro- fession became a "free-for-all;" bogus diplomas were openly and unblushingly sold, and displayed by their purchasers, as credentials of membership in a learned profession. The country was overrun by hosts of ignorant, immoral and dan- gerous swindlers, self-styled "doctors," who preyed upon the unfor- tunate afflicted; "isms," and so-called "schools" of medical prac- tice multiplied, a mushroom crop of diploma-mills sprang up over the land; and as a natural result, the general standard of medical education and of requirements for graduation-except among the best class of medical colleges-fell lower and lower. A reaction from this condition began at about the close of the first century of our National existence, at which time, 1876, North Carolina had a well-framed law, creating a State Board of Medical Examiners, passed in 1859. Kentucky had enacted a law in 1874, creating district examining Boards, but except in a few counties, this soon became a dead letter. In 1875 Nevada, and in 1876 Cal- ifornia and Texas legislated upon the subject. In 1877 Alabama es- tablished a State Board of Medical Examiners, and Illinois passed a Medical-Practice Act, the execution of which was devolved upon a State Board of Health created by a separate enactment. Within the next two years only two other States took action-Kansas in 1879 (repealed in 1881) and New York in 1880. In 1881 nine States and one Territory enacted medical-practice laws, viz.: Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Nebraska, New Jersey, Pensylvania and Wisconsin. In 1882, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Hampshire, New Mexico, South Carolina, West Virginia and Wyoming; in 1883, Delaware, Michi- gan, Minnesota and Missouri; in 1884, Dakota and Virginia, and, since the last meeting of the Association, Indiana and Iowa have swelled the total to thirty-three States and Territories of the Union which now exercise some degree of legislative control over the prac- tice of medicine within their borders. The general drift and tendency of this legislation are toward se- curing a recognized standard of professional attainments, evidence of which-with a few notable exceptions-is afforded by the pre- sentation of a diploma of graduation from some legally-chartered institution in good standing; or, in the absence of this, an examina- tion more or less strict, in the various fundamental branches of medical science. The exceptions are in the States of Alabama, Mississippi, North Carolina and Virginia, where the diploma is ignored, and the ap- plicant for admission to practice must establish his possession of the necessary skill and ability so far as an examination may de- termine the same. As an evidence of fitness and qualification the diploma must ob- viously vary in character with the character of the institution by 7 which it is issued. Medical instruction in this country is almost entirely a matter of private enterprise, and until within a few years numerous " colleges " with the briefest of lecture-terms, conducted by the scantiest of faculties-in which one man often played many parts-innocent of clinical, surgical or anatomical material, and with the most charitable of examinations have graduated into the profession all who could pay the necessary fees and armed them with the talismanic diploma. Since 1765 a total of 224 medical educational institutions have been founded-not established-in this country, of which number 105 are now fortunately extinct.* There are still remaining 120 medi- cal schools of all kinds in the United States, and among them, it is only fair to say are some in which the course of instruction, the facilities and the competency of the teachers are as high as any- where in the world. Within the last twenty years there has been, in fact, a marked and gratifying improvement in the standard of medical education. * * * While much of this progress is due to a general and increasing desire on the part of the profession to raise the standard of attain- ments necessary to enter its ranks, and to the enforcement of cer- tain requirements in States which have enacted laws regulating the practice of medicine, it will not be invidious to attribute a fair share to the adoption in 1880, by the Illinois Board of a schedule of minimum requirements, enforced since 1883, and which prescribes that a medical college, in order to be held in good standing for the admission of its graduates to practice in Illinois, shall exact such a general preliminary education of the intending student before his admission to the lecture room, as will enable them to comprehend the instruction therein given; and shall issue its diploma confer- ring the degree of M. D., only upon the completion of such curric- ulum of study-as to the branches of medical science taught, the duration of the reading, and of lecture-terms, and the amount of practical instruction in hospital and at the bedside-as obtains in the average medical school. Minnesota, Missouri and West Virginia exact substantially the same standard and the work of the Minnesota Board especially has been wide-reaching and beneficial in this respect. The Iowa law, just enacted, confers similar powers, and the influence upon medical education of this group of States-Minnesota, Missouri, Iowa and Illinois-in establishing a uniform test of the "good standing" of a medical college, must be felt throughout the country. Fully one- third of the new graduates every year settle in the West, and col- leges must, perforce, take cognizance of this fact. While the schedule of minimum requirements does not set up so high a standard as that aimed at by the American Medical College Association, it has the advantage of applying to all schools of medi- cine and of having been successfully enforced for three years. Furthermore it is susceptible of modification, and the question is already being considered whether the time is ripe for a further ad- vance. *These figures are taken from the report of 1885. The corresponding figures from the present report will be found summarized in the course of these prefatory remarks. 8 Until within a short time there had been, for sixty years, no marked departure from the orthodox three years of study and two courses of lectures as the requirements for graduation. But, as already shown, there are now twenty-four colleges which practically require four years of study and attendance upon three terms of lectures; and fifty-eight others which make provisions for a similar extended course. The domain of medicine has so far widened its borders, especially within the present generation, that the methods and periods of study which sufficed thirty or forty years ago are no longer ade- quate. A low standard of medical education and the absence of uniform legal requirements are also responsible, almost exclusively, for the overcrowding of the profession. Did time suffice it would be inter- esting to present this matter in detail, but I can now only glance at some of the results of my study of this phase. In 1889 there were, according to the National census, 83,436 phy- sicians in the United States. Since that date there have been added-exclusive of the foreign increment-23,531 new graduates, not including those of the last session, 1885-1886. This makes a total of 106,947, and is an annual increase of over five and one-half per cent, while the annual increase of population is less than two per cent. The annual death rate-basing that of the country at large upon the Illinois rate, which 1 have pretty accurately determined to be 12.38 per thousand-is less than that of adult males engaged in all occupations; and the difference will probably fairly balance the loss by those who retire from practice on account of old age, physical disability, and other causes not connected with the question of fitness and professional success. It will, then, be within bounds to say that the excess of the per- centage of new graduates over the percentage of increase of pop- ulation represents the number of unnecessary recruits to the ranks of the profession every year. The answer to the question, What becomes of them ? is indicated by these figures concerning the profession in Illinois: June 14. 1880: Total number in practice as shown by Official Register of that date 5,979 Total number of new certificates issued to new men up to February 10,1886 2,063 Total number to be accounted for 8,042 February 10, 1886: Total number in practice as shown by Official Register of that date 6,065 Total number died 344 " " left the State 1,061 " " abandoned practice 572 8,042 That is to say, over seven per cent, of the entire number failed as physicians and sought other modes of obtaining a livelihood. It is noteworthy, by the way, that non-graduates fall out in much larger proportion than the graduates, and that the graduates of three-course schools show the smallest percentage of loss, either by removal from the State or by abandonment of practice. 9 Here are some instructive figures for Chicago: In 1880 there were certificates issued to 172 new comers; five years later only 84 of these remained-a loss of over one-half. In 1881 there were 183, in 1882, 171; 1883, 200, and in 1884, 198 new comers; and in 1885 there remained of each year's group, 97, 116, 145, and 168, respect- ively. In one year the loss was 15 per cent.; in two years, 30 per cent. ; in three years, 32 per cent.; in four years, 47 per cent.; and in five years over 51 per cent. There are from 1,500 to 2,000 physicians in the State of Illinois more than are necessary to supply the legitimate demands for pro- fessional services, and who are not earning a comfortable livelihood from legitimate professional exertion. And what is true of Illinois is probably substantially true of every State in the Union. I will not stop to dwell upon the demoralizing effect of this condition- demoralizing to the individual, to the profession, and to the public. Instances of this demoralization must be familiar to every member of the Association. On the other hand, and by way of contrast, I wish to add one further illustration from my personal experience. During the past nine years my official position has made me familiar with the pro- fessional history and status of over 13,000 men, more or less directly connected with the practice of medicine in Illinois. I have followed up, with especial interest and care, the careers of 789 out of 1,000 physicians who studied four years and attended three terms before graduating. These are, with few exceptions, the suc- cessful and prominent members of the profession in the different communities in which they reside. They are well equipped by general education, by an ample period of professional study, by didactic and clinical instruction, and by hospital practice. They are successful, as a rule, because they have fitted themselves to command success, and this Association can do few things more directly in the interest of the public and of the profession than to exert its further influence to increase their number while decreas- ing the number of the opposite class. The foregoing considerations seem to me to lead logically to the following conclusions: 1. That the best interests of the public welfare demand the highest attainable standard of educational qualifications, skill and ability, as well as of professional and personal honor, integrity and morality, among those engaged in the practice of medicine. 2. That it is the duty of the State to exercise the inherent ple- nary power and authority which it possesses for the protection and promotion of the public welfare, to secure such standard. 3. That uniform State laws, exacting of every one aspiring to practice medicine proof of personal fitness and professional com- petency, would prove the most potent agency in improving tne standard of medical education and in enhancing the dignity and usefulness of the medical profession." While awaiting the realization of these desiderata the actual ad- vances and improvements which are being made from year to year, are full of promise and encouragement for the future. A few col- leges have, it is true, receded from the positions which they had assumed at the date of the last Report; but more have increased 10 their requirements, both for admission to their lecture classes and for graduation, and have provided better facilities for teaching, for clinical instruction and for laboratory work and research. The progress in these latter directions is especially notable. Be- quests and donations of the most generous character continue to be made for these purposes. In connection with the respective insti- tutions, described in the following pages, will be found the details of the additions to the Vanderbilt bequest of $1,000,000 to the Col- lege of Physicians and Surgeons of the City of New York-the Sloane Maternity Hospital and the Vanderbilt clinic; the endowment of $100,000 for the erection and equipment of a special laboratory for the Medical Department of the University of the City of New York; a similar establishment-the Carnegie Laboratory-for the Bellevue Hospital Medical College, the gift of Mr. Andrew Carnegie; the Hoagland Laboratory of the Long Island College Hospital, presented by Dr. C. N. Hoagland, a physician of Brooklyn and member of the Board of Regents of the school; the new college building for the Medical Department of the Western Reserve University, the gift of Mr. John L. Woods of Cleveland; the Hawkes Hospital, presented to the Columbus Medical College by Dr. W. B. Hawkes, one of its trustees; the bequest of the late Hon. Samuel B. Ensworth of $100,- 000, for the erection and maintenance of the " St. Joseph Medical College and Hospital," St. Joseph, Mo.; a college building for the Medical Department of Willamette University, provided by the citi- zens of Portland, Oregon; and other additions to what may be termed " the plant " of medical education in the United States. In his Address in Medicine, recently delivered before the British Medical Association,* Dr Billings, speaking of the various fields of labor whose proper working is of the greatest importance in medi- cal education, both to the student and the practitioner, thus refer- red to the tendency, increasing among men of means, to regard their wealth as a trust to be used for the benefit of humanity: " One of these is experimental laboratory work, and in this di- rection the prospect of valuable contributions from America is now exceedingly good. Some of the wisest of our most wealthy men have shown their appreciation of the responsibilities which riches entail on their possessors by seeking new channels through which to benefit their fellow men. While the old and well-known methods of endowing hospitals and charitable institutions are not neglected, there is apparent an increasing tendency to endeavor to promote the advancement of knowledge, and especially of such knowledge as tends to the mitigation of suffering and the improvement of the race, to furnish means for the investigation of disease, to provide labor- atories, and to endow medical schools and thus place them beyond the reach of the temptations and difficulties which must always exist when such schools are dependent upon the fees of students, and are therefore, practically, commercial manufacturing establish- ments." ' Through the growing sentiment in the medical profession in favor of a higher standard of education and qualifications-and which sen-' timent has already found expression in the enactment of medical practice laws and the enforcement of stricter requirements for ad- * At Brighton, England, August 11, 1886. 11 mission to its ranks-and aided by this increasing provision of means and facilities for study, investigation, observation and re- search, the competition between medical schools is gradually being: divested of its commercial features. A higher plane of development has been entered upon, and in the struggle for existence on this plane the " commercial manufacturing establishments" are at a dis- advantage which will compel their reform or hasten their extinction. From the Summary of Institutions and Students in the following pages it will be seen that there are 252 medical institutions em- braced in the present report. Of this number 123 are now. extinct, leaving 129 still in existence, being two less than in the report for 1885. There have been added during the past year two new regu- lar schools, while one regular and two eclectic schools, in existence during 1885, have closed their doors. The number of homeopathic schools remains unchanged. Diplomas of the last session, 1885-86, have been presented to the Illinois State Board of Health from 48 regular, 7 homeopathic,. 3 eclectic, and 2 physio-medical schools; as compared with 42 regu- lar, 7 homeopathic, 3 eclectic, and 2 physio-medical schools last year. Graduates of 10 out of the 48 regular schools, and of 4 out of 12 other schools, were required to supplement their diplomas by passing examinations before the Board in branches or subjects of the Schedule of Minimum Requirements omitted in the curricula or requirements of their respective schools. In 1884 the graduates of 17 out of 31 regular, and of 4 out of 6 other schools, were required to submit to such examination; and in 1885 the graduates of 11 out of 38 regular, and of 4 out of 12 other schools were so ex- amined. These figures give percentages of 55 for regular and 66.6 for other schools in 1884; of 29 for regular and 33.3 for other schools in 1885; and of 20.8 for regular and 33.3 for other schools in 1886. This diminishing percentage of conditioned graduates may be taken as a fair measure of the increasing compliance of the colleges with the Standard of Minimum Requirements adopted by the Illinois Board. In this connection it is necessary to repeat that diplomas issued at the close of the sessions of ■ 1883-84, and subsequently, are accepted unconditionally-as sufficient warrant for the certificate of the Board, required by law-from all colleges which give evidence, in their Announcements and elsewise, of an actual and bona-fide compliance with the Schedule herein published. The diplomas of colleges which do not give such evidence are required to be sup- plemented by an examination before the Board on the branches or subjects of the Schedule omitted by the colleges in question. The following is the text of the Schedule of Minimum Requirements. I. Conditions of admission to lecture-courses.-1. Credible cer- tificate of good moral standing. 2. Diploma of graduation from a good literary and scientific college, or high school-a first-grade teacher's certificate. Lacking this-a thorough examination in the branches of a good English education, including mathematics, Eng- 12 lish composition, and elementary physics and natural philosophy. II. Branches of medical sc.ence to be included in the course of instruction.-1. Anatomy. 2. Physiology. 3. Chemistry. 4. Ma- teria-Medica and Therapeutics. 5. Theory and Practice of Medicine. 6. Pathology. 7. Surgery. 8. Obstetrics and Gynecology. 9. Hy- giene. 10. Medical Jurisprudence. III. Length of regular graduating courses.-1. The time occu- pied in the regular courses or sessions from which students are graduated shall not be less than five months, or twenty weeks, each. 2. Two full courses of lectures, not within one and the same year of time, shall be required for graduation with the degree of Doctor of Medicine. IV. Attendance and examination or quizzes.-1. Regular attend- ance during the entire lecture courses shall be required, allowance being made only for absences occasioned by the student's sickness, such absences not to exceed twenty per centum of the course. 2. Regular examinations or quizzes to be made by each lecturer or professor daily, or at least twice each week. 3. Final examinations on all branches to be conducted, when practicable, by competent examiners other than the professors in each branch. V. Dissection, clinics and hospital attendance.-1. Each stu- dent shall have dissected during two courses. 2. Attendance during at least two terms of clinical and hospital instruction shall be re- quired. VI. Time of professional studies.-This shall not be less than three full years before graduation, including the time spent with a preceptor, and attendance upon lectures or at clinics and hospital. VII. Instruction.-The college must show that it has a sufficient and competent corps of instructors, and the necessary facilities for teaching, dissections, clinics, etc. Diplomas of colleges whose educational requirements and meth- ods of instruction fall short of the above Schedule are not recog- nized as entitling their possessors to certificates authorizing them to practice in the State of Illinois. (This does not apply to diplo mas issued prior to the sessions of 1883-84, but only to those is- sued at the close of said sessions and subsequently.) The only way in which holders of such diplomas may legally enter upon practice in this State is by passing a satisfactory examination before the Board on the branches or subjects of the Schedule omitted. This Schedule is, therefore, the test of the "good standing" of a medical college in Illinois. Only colleges which come up to this minimum standard are accounted as in "good standing." To de- termine the status of any given institution, it is only necessary to compare the summary of the institution set forth in the following pages with the above Schedule. As showing the increasing extent to which the Schedule is com- plied with, the following comparisons are of interest: There are now 114 colleges which exact an educational requirement as a condition of matriculation; in the first Report there were only 45. Attend- ance on three or more lecture-courses before graduation is now re- quired by 41 colleges, as against 22 heretofore; and provision is made for a three- or four-years' graded course by 48 others. Hy- 13 giene is now taught in 110 colleges, and medical jurisprudence in the same number; as against 42 and 61, respectively, heretofore. The average duration of lecture-terms has increased from 23.5 weeks to 24.8; 9 more colleges have lecture terms of five months or over, and 13 more have terms of six months or over, as com- pared with the sessions of 1882-83. These changes have all been made in the medical colleges of the United States, no material alteration in the Canadian schools having taken place in these respects. A total of 103,598 students-classified by schools of practice, by States, and by individual colleges-is accounted for in the several editions of this report. In the tables: Matriculates and Graduates in each State, 1877-78 to 1885-86, inclusive, and Matriculates and Graduates, sessions of 1885-86, 1884-85, 1883-84, and 1882-83, compared-will be found some interesting figures. Prior to the sessions of 1877-78 no attempt had ever been made to collect and collate these figures and data in this manner, and it has required persistent effort to perfect them for the earlier years. They are now believed to be so substantially correct as to justify the infer- ences which may be drawn from a comparison of the fluctuations in the following percentages of gain and loss in numbers of ma- triculates and graduates. As compared with each preceding year, there was in 1878-79 a gain of 3 per cent, in matriculates and a loss of 0.6 per cent, in graduates; in 1879-80, a gain of 22.8 per cent, matriculates, and 20.5 per cent, graduates; in 1880-81, a gain of 3.2 per cent, ma- triculates, and 6.1 per cent, graduates; in 1881-82, a gain of 11.6 per cent, matriculates, and 23.4 per cent, graduates; in 1882-83, a gain of 1.4 per cent, matriculates, and a loss of 7.4 per cent, grad- uates ; in 1883-84, a loss of 2.4 per cent, of matriculates and of 2.7 per cent, of graduates; in 1884-85, a further loss of 6.1 per cent, matriculates, and 6.8 per cent, of graduates. During the last year there have been the following changes: A net increase of 363 matriculates, or a gain of 3 per cent., and a net increase of 222 graduates, or a gain of 5.8 per cent., in the sessions of 1885-86 over those of 1884-85. Of this increase 278 ma- triculates and 158 graduates were in schools in the United States, and 85 matriculates and 64 graduates in the Canadian schools. By schools of practice (in the United States) the gains and losses were as follows: A gain of 306 matriculates and of 124 graduates in the regular schools; of 30 matriculates and of 39 graduates in the homeopathic; and a loss of 7 matriculates and a gain of 2 graduates in the eclectic; a loss of 7 matriculates and a gain of 6 graduates in the physio-medical, and losses of 44 matriculates and 13 graduates in miscellaneous schools. There may be traced an interesting co-relation between these gains and losses, for the whole period, and the changes which have taken place in the regulation of the practice of medicine and in medical education which began about 1876. In that year there was a revival of interest in these subjects which resulted in legislative enactments in 31 States and territories during the decade. The 14 following summary, of the dates of these enactments will assist in the comparisons above suggested.* * * * At about the close of the first century of our National existence * North Carolina had a well framed law. creating a State Board of Medical Examiners, passed in 1859. Kentucky had enacted a law in 1874, creating district examining boards, but except in a few counties, this soon became a dead letter. In 1875 Nevada and in 1876 California and Texas legislated upon the sub- ject. In 1877 Alabama established a State Board of Medical Ex- aminers, and Illinois passed a Medical-Practice act, the execution of which was devolved upon a State Board of Health created by a separate enactment. Within the next two years only two other States took action-Kansas in 1879 (repealed in 1881) and New York in 1881. In 1881 nine States and one Territory enacted med- ical-practice laws, viz: Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Nebraska, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Wiscon- sin; in 1882, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Hampshire, New Mexico, South Carolina, West Virginia and Wyoming; in 1883, Delaware, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri; in 1884, Dakota and Virginia, and Indiana and Iowa have since swelled the total to thirty-three States and Territories of the Union which now exercise some degree of legislative control over the practice of medicine within their bor- ders. The effect of the passage of these various enactments and of the action taken under them-as for example, the enforcement a Sched- ule of Minimum Requirements, the definition of the phrase "good standing" as applied to medical schools, etc.-may be clearly seen in the figures and data given in the following pages. *From the Address in State Medicine, delivered at the Thirtv-seventh Annual Session of the American Medical Association, May 6,1886. By John H. Rauch, M. D., chairman of the Section. 15 Summary of Institutions and Students. I-Institutions. Regular Homeopathic.. Eclectic Physio-Med... * Miscellaneous Fraudulent.... Totals Total number of Medical Institutions embraced in this Report (a 169 21 34 8 4 13 252 in tho United States 154 15 24 34 8 4 13 237 15 in Canada. .. Total number of Institutions now extinct 67 11 24 5 3 13 123 120 - in the United States 64 11 24 3 13 in Canada 3 3 Total number of Institutions the diplomas or licenses of which had been pre- sented to the Illinois State Board of Health prior to the sessions of 1883-84 (b 91 15 10 3 2 11 132 - in the United States 85 15 10 3 2 11 126 6 in Canada 6 Total number of such Institutions recognized by the Board prior to the sessions of 1883-84 (b 91 15 4 no - in the United States in Canada 85 6 15 4 104 6 Total number recognized conditionally prior to the sessions of 1883-84 (b 6 3 2 11 Total number of Colleges now in existence (c 102 13 10 3 1 129 in the United States 90 13 10 3 1 117 in Canada. .... .... 12 12 Total number of Colleges the diplomas of which -sessions of 1885-86-have been presented to the Illinois State Board of Health 48 7 3 2 60 in the United States 43 7 3 2 55 in Canada 5 5 Total number of such diplomas-sessions of 1885- 86-accepted unconditionally (d .. 38 5 2 1 46 10 2 1 I 14 - * "Miscellaneous" includes hygeo-therapeutic and mixed schools or those claiming the appellation regular, but teaching either the homeopathic or the eclectic system of materia medica and therapeutics, or both these systems. 16 Summary of Institutions and Students-Continued. ✓ I-Institutions. Regular Homeopathic . Im Eclectic Phj sio-Med... Miscellaneous. Totals Total number of Colleges which now exact certain ed- ucational quailflcations as a condition of matriculation(/ 88 13 10 2 1 114 - which formerly exacted such qualiflca- 45 tions (f 41 4 Total number of Colleges requiring attendance on three or moie courses of lectures as a condition of graduation (/ 37 4 41 which formerly required such attend- 21 22 ance (/ 1 Total number of Colleges which now recommend and provide for, but do not exact at- tendance on three or more courses (f .. 38 5. 4 1 48 which formerly made such provision and recommendation (f 43 7 2 1 53 Total number of Colleges which now have chairs of hygiene (f 87 12 8 15 1 110 which formerly taught this branch (/.... 32 7 3 42 Total number of Colleges which now have chairs ,of medical jurisprudence (f 83 12 10 3 1 110 -- which former]y taught this branch (f.... 49 8 4 61 Total number of Colleges which require a thesis as a condition of graduation 36 4 3 1 44 Total number of Colleges forwomen only 6 1 7 in the United States in Canada 4 2 1 5 2 Total number of Colleges for both sexes 21 8 2 1 41 Total number of Colleges for colored students only 2 2 - for both white and colored students.... 1 1 Notes.-(a) ''Total number of Institutions," includes five 15) examining and licensing bodies which do not give instruction; and four (4) schools which do not confer degrees. b) "Prior to the session of 1883-4," refers to the status of Colleges before the adoption and publication of the Schedule of Minimum Requirements of the Illinois State Board of Health. c' "Total number of Colleges" does not include those specified in Note 1. d) "Accepted unconditionally"-the Colleges issuing such diplomas having conformed to the Schedule of Minimum Requirements. e) "Accepted conditionally"-that is, after an examination of the applicant in the branches or subjects of the Schedule omitted by the college. f) "Now" and "formerly" have reference respectively to the periods before and since the enforcement of the Schedule of Minimum Requirements, namely, the close of the ses- sions of 1882-1883,-See this Schedule ante, and the .Requirements for Admission and other data pertaining to individual Colleges, for additional mformation. 17 Summary of Institutions and Students.-Continued. II-Students. Regular.... Homeop... Eclectic.... Phys.-Med Miscell Totals and percent- ages Total number of Matriculates-sessions of 1881-82 - - 1882-83 - - 1883-84 - - 1884-85 - - 1885-86 in the United States-1881-82 1882-84 1883-84 1884-8B k 1885-86 in Canada-1881-82 10,737 io,9'5 10,816 10,2:13 10,624 1,162 1,204 1,131 1,032 1,062 946 909 738 598 591 60 52 52 54 47 18 26 58 14 12 905 13,088 12,763 11 975 12,338 10,075 10,049 10,050 9. 250 9,556 1,162 1,204 1,131 1,032 1,062 946 909 738 4.98 591 60 52 52 54 47 18 26 58 14 12 243 12, 232 11,997 10,992 11,270 662 856 766 983 1,068 662 856 767 983 1,068 - 1882-83 - 1881-84 - 1884-85 - 1885-86 Total num her of Graduates-sessions of 1881-82 - - 1882-83. - - 1883-84 - - 1884-85 - - 1885-86 in the United States-1881-82 1882 83 1883-84 1884-85 * 1885-86 - in Canada-1881-82 - 1882-83 3,846 3,470 3,439 3,215 3,433 388 437 405 336 375 319 274 227 199 201 22 23 17 22 28 11 13 20 ' 7 4,555 4,215 4,101 3,822 4.044 3,741 3,306 3,286 3 074 3,2*2 368 437 405 336 375 319 274 227 199 201 22 23 17 22 28 11 13 20 7 4,450 4 051 3,948 3,655 3,813 105 164 153 ltr7 231 105 164 153 167 231 - 1883-84 - 1884-85 - 1885-86 Percentages of Graduates to Matriculates-1881-82 - - 1882-83 - - 1883-84 - - 1884-85 - - 1885-86 in the United States-1881-82 1882-83 1883-84 1x84-85 1885-86 in Canada-1881-82 35.8 31.6 31 7 31 7 32.3 31.6 36.2 36.0 32.6 35 3 33 7 30.1 30.7 33 9 34+ 36.6 44 2 32.6 40.7 59.5 33 5 32.0 32.1 31.9 32.7 34 6 32.6 32.8 33 3 33.5 31.6 36.2 36.0 32.6 35.3 33.7 30.1 30.7 33 9 34 + 30.6 44.2 32.6 40.7 59.5 34.6 32.9 33.0 33.2 33 8 14.6 19 1 14.6 19.1 19 9 16.9 21.6 - 1882-83 - 1883-84 19 9 16.9 21.6 - 1884-85 - 1885-86 Highest per cent, of Graduates, by States, in U. S.-1881-82 - 1882-83 - 1883-84 - 1884-85 - 1885-86 - in Canada-1881-82 - - 1882-83 - - 1883-84 - • - 1884-85 - - 1885-86 44.4 50.0 42 3 43.2 43.5 48.6 44.1 52.3 58.3 43.6 58 3 59.4 46.1 33.3 50.0 60 0 57.1 48.1 43 8 49.2 49.4 14.6 19.1 19.9 16.9 21.6 14.6 19.1 19 9 16.9 21.6 18 - M 3 TO o cr o gw II-Students. g g CD O w CD 5* rn a CD T5 CD £ CD QQ tn cd : CD 25 • g Q- ! T & Lowest percent, of Graduates, by States, in U. S.-1881-82 12 5 26.8 28.4 29.0 - 1882-83 33.3 25.2 - 1883-81 14.0 21.4 23.0 6.2 16.1 - 1884-85 16.2 17.6 18 8 35.3 21.9 - 1885-86 - in Canada-1881-82 15.9 14.6 18.5 15.8 58.8 15.6 14.6 19 1 19.1 - - 1883-84 19.9 19.9 _ _ 1884-85 - - 1885-86 16 9 21 6 - 16.9 21.6 Highest percent, of Graduates, by individual Colleges, in the United States-1881-82 59.0 65.0 58.0 40.0 55 5 Highest percent, of Graduates, by individual Colleges, iu the United States-1882-83 58.0 50 9 58.3 46.1 52.8 Highest percent, of Graduates, by individual Colleges, in the United States-1883-84 65.8 48.7 43.6 33.3 47.8 Highest percent, of Graduates, by individual Colleges, in the United States-1884-85 52.0 57.7 58.3 50.0 52.6 54.1 Highest percent, of Graduates, by individual Colleges, in the United States-1885-86... Highest percent, of Graduates, by individual Colleges, 60.0 51 9 59.4 60.0 50.0 56.2 in Canada-1881-82 20.7 20.7 Highest percent, of Graduates, by individual Colleges, in Canada-1882-83 Highest percent, of Graduates, by individual Colleges, 23.0 23.0 in Canada-1883-84 Highest percent, of Graduates, by individual Colleges, 27.6 27.6 in Canada-1884-85 Highest percent, of Graduates, by individual Colleges, 22.3 22.3 in Canada-1885-86 24.0 24.0 Lowest percent, of Graduates, by individual Colleges, in the United States-1881-82 9.6 20.0 33.0 33.3 24.0 Lowest percent, of Graduates, by individual Colleges, in the United States-1882-83 5.2 27.0 28.2 33.3 23.4 Lowest percent, of Graduates, by individual Colleges, in the United States-1883-84 13.6 18.1 19.7 32.2 20.9 Lowest percent, of Graduates, by individual Colleges, in the United States-1884-85 10.5 17.6 15.0 35.3 52.6 26.2 Lowest percent, of Graduates, by individual Colleges, in the United States-1885-86 7.7 18 5 20.2 58.8 50.0 31.0 Lowest percent, of Graduates, by individual Colleges, 2.7 2.7 in Canada-1881-82 Lowest percent, of Graduates, by individual Colleges, in Canada-1882-83 Lowest percent, of Graduates, by individual Colleges, 6.6 6.6 in Canada-1883-84 13.3 13.3 Lowest percent, of Graduates, by individual Colleges, in Canada-1884-85 Lowest percent, of Graduates, by individual Colleges, 3.1 3.1 in Canada-1885-86 13.2 13.2 19 Duration of Lecture-Terms. Schools. Sessions. Weeks. | Total 15 16 17 18 19 1 1 2021 22 1 । 1 23 24 25|26 27 Mill 28 30 31 32 33 34 1 1 1 1 1 1 35 36 37|38 39 Regular 1886-7 1 2 i i 2 12 11 9 11 9 10 20 25 9 21 15 10 4 15 8 9 1 8 6 5 7 5 9 9 I S25 5 20 5 21 5 23 1 21 1 2 i 1 2 1 3 3 5 5 2 3 3 1 2 8 2 2 1 1 i 1 •• 1 1 3 1 1 4 1 2 3 2 1 I 6 4 6 3 2 102 101 100 99 98 1885-6 1884-5 1883-4 1882-3 1 1 3 3 2 i i 2 i 3 1 Homeopathic 1886-7 1885-6 1884-5 1883-4 1882-3 1 4 5 3 3 1 2 3 i 1 1 2 i 1 1 2 1 1 4 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 13 13 13 13 11 3 2 1 1 Eclectic 1886-7 1885-6 1884-5 1883-4 1882-3 1 1 4 5 3 5 6 2 3 2 2 4 3 10 12 12 12 13 3 1 1 1 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 Physio-Medical... 1886-7 1885-6 1884-5 1883-4 1882-3 1 1 1 1 .. 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 2 2 2 1' 1 Miscellaneous 1886-7 1885-6 1884-5 1883-4 1882 3 1 1 2 2 2 9 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 Totals 1886-7 1885 6 1884-5 1883-4 1882-3 i i 1 1 3 3 4 2 1 2 i 2 1 1 1 2 17 13 18 28 1233 19 15 17:26 20 12 5 1! 12 9 3 1 9 4 • 8 1 6 9 8 12 11 1 6 5 5 1 32 24 26 27 24 2 4 3 2 1 2 1 3 3 6 5 2 3 3 2 3 4 2 2 1 1 1 1 'i 1 3 1 2 4 1 2 3 2 2 1 1 2 7 5 7 4 2 129 131 129 128 126 1 3 1 Weeks. Average duration of lecture-terms, 1886-87 24.8 - 1885-86. 24.4 - 1884-85 24.3 - 1883-84 24.5 - 1882-83. 23.5 Avei age duration of lecture-terms-regular-1886-87 25+ - 1885-86 25+ - 1884-85.... 21.4 - 1883-84 24.8 - 1882-83 21.4 Average duration of lecture-terms-homeopathic-1886-87 26.3 -- - 1885-86 25.2 - 1884-85 25.2 - ' 1883-84 24.0 - 1882-83 23.7 Average duration of lecture-terms-eclectic-1886-87.: 21.6 - 1885-86 21.4 - 1884-85 22.5 - 1883-84 22.5 - 1882-83 20.9 Average duration of lecture-terms-physio-medical-1886-87 22.0 , - 1885-86 22.0 - 1884-85 23.5 - 1883-84 22.5 - 1882-83 22.5 20 Weeks. Average duration of lecture-terms-miscellaneous-1886-87 .. 22.0 - 1885-86 ... 20.5 _ 1884-85.... .. 19.5 - 1883-84.... 22.0 - 1882-83.... 19.0 Sessions of 1882-83. 1883-84. 1881-85. 1885-86. 1886-87. No. of schools having terms of five months or more. 101 104 108 108 110 - - - six - 42 49 50 52 55 The following Tables show the number of Matriculates and of graduates, by schools of practice, in attendance at the Medical Colleges of each State and of the JDomnion of Canada, during the last nine sessions-1877-78 to 1885-86. inclusive. The percentages of graduates to matriculates, by schools of practice, are also given. For the sessions of 1882-83, 1883-81. 1884-85 and 1885-86, these are so grouped, in the next table, as to afford a ready means of comparison.. I.-Matriculates and Graduates in each State, 1877-78 to 1885-86, inclusive. Percen t 8 23.8 00 «* 24.6 a 19.7 8 24.0 - w CM Totals Ci co - Ci MH 961 248 6,078 1,190 134 33 1,579 312 1,933 711 03 OJ co 30 Sessions. 1885-6... 107 32 2^2 147 20 Cl -' 1,068 231 m3 COCO CM 245 39 279 108 35 1884-85.. C. CO £^□0 136 32 f-1 to 1O 983 167 CO^° ft* 215 51 254 103 2r2 1883-4... oc co 123 31 8^ OCi co 766 153 CIO 202 43 285 112 CMt» tC r-4 1882-3... 03^ 144 30 Ol - COH 856 164 IO 193 45 230 78 C©S 1881-2... CM to 1-0 co 126 27 1O o 03 rH 662 105 1.0 IO rH - 04 CM 173 31 261 116 00 O1 1880-1... £ CM » 120 25 •-< -« 535 103 85 168 23 198 69 1879-80.. loi; 81 CM X) □oco so S3 141 34 IS S91 1878-9... OO X *OS3 Loi O CO C©*H CO rH 125 34 1877-8... 00 • tc co• 351 64 S3 119 19 83 Classes ■5 ■o' C3 Matr.. Grad.. cc aS Si •c cc Matr .. Grad.. Matr .. Grad.. Si Si? So CC 5 Si CC m so Schools Reg... Beg... Beg. .. Hom .. Eel... Reg... b£ ® W Reg... Reg... Reg. .. Eel.... States. Alabama .... Arkansas.... California ... Canada Colorado Connecticut. *D. Columbia Georgia ♦ The low percentage of graduates in the District of Columbia is owing mainly to the fact that a large number of the matriculates are government clerks, some of whom at- tend four or more courses of lectures, and, of necessity, do not devote their whole time to study; while others, after attendance at these schools, go elsewhere to graduate. 21 I.-Matriculates and Graduates-Continued. State®. Schools Classes Sessions. o 1877-8 .. 1878-9 .. 1879-80.. 18 0-1... oo 00 1882-3... 00 S 1884-5... 1885-6... co 5 Illinois Reg... M -'r.. G i ad.. | 564 185 555 164 705 195 788 234 820 247 923 295 813 284 799 277 771 291 6,738 2,172 32.2 Tom .. Eel.... M at r .. Grad.. Matr.. Grad.. 272 119 139 65 307 98 196 29 291 107 123 37 2'2 125 127 51 392 146 113 38 422 174 147 52 393 152 159 50 369 115 143 37 357 144 122 50 3,085 1,180 1,179 409 38 2 34.6 Ph.-M. M atr .. Grad.. 17 10 17 10 58.8 Indiana 37 21 179 80 219 286 106 251 95 227 101 115 ;2 118 50 123 54 1,615 6a6 40.5 19 8 15 7 U 8 20 10 M 26 17 21 7 34 12 30 18 204 97 47.5 Matr... Ecl"" Grad.. 37 12 19 24 31 35 16 37 22 183 78 42.6 Iowa «« ■ K;: 82 19 293 96 392 139 415 152 424 172 202 89 282 104 240 96 235 79 2,655 946 35 6 Hom- Gnld:. 18 1 32 3 47 9 60 16 46 15 44 12 35 12 33 10 29 10 344 88 25.5 25 7 38 8 65 15 54 15 31 10 213 56 26.2 Kentucky.... Beg... Matr... Grad.. 413 158 433 169 604 232 513 228 513 211 672 231 680 246 516 219 608 214 4,982 1,968 39.5 Louisiana.... Reg,... Matr... Grat.. 204 41 220 56 212 73 212 70 192 64 208 78 1,248 382 30.6 Maine Reg.... Eel.... Matr.. Grad.. Matr... Grad.. 94 25 99 31 105 22 115 30 104 28 23 3 94 28 38 14 99 33 24 7 66 14 9 10 2 25 5 861 J81 119 39 26 8 32.7 Maryland.. .. Reg.... Mair .. Grad.. 165 65 211 80 336 110 I 328 143 392 175 392 129 638 220 675 248 616 255 3,753 1,425 37.9 Mas'chusetts Reg.... Matr... Grad.. 227 47 253 70 263 45 275 60 282 88 263 84 287 65 294 65 294 70 2,438 594 24.4 Hom?. Matr... Grad.. 169 43 149 35 127j 35 no 26 no 29 109 30 97 34 91 26 97 18| 1,059 276 26 + 22 I.-Matricidates and Graduates-Continued. States. Classes SESSIONS. Totals 0 JI ( 1887-8 .. 00 oo 1879-80.. 1880-1... 1881-2... OO 00 1883-4... 1884-5.. 1885-6... 5 5 Michigan .... Reg.... Matr... Grad.. 296 98 329 104 468 118 380 127 500 121 479 158 474 137 456 120 441 126 3.823 1,109 21+ Hom... Matr.. Grad.. 73 22 6i 25 70 18 88 23 71 15 57 17 55 20 34 6 49 17 560 163 29.1 Minnesota.... Reg.... Matr.. Grad.. 25 5 58 4 56 61 21 95 25 29-' 62^* Reg.... Matr.. Grad.. 473 161 159 569 192 604 226 628 250 598 230 613 212 472 172 481 173 4,900 1,775 36.2 Hom .. Matr. Grad. 41 11 39 19 32 9 38 17 150 56 37.3 i Eel.... Matr .. Grad.. 120 78 66 36 95 42 66 1)8 40 114 38 65 15 24 14 26 6 694 291 41 9 Mise... Matr .. 18 11 19 9 38 20 14 7 89 Grad.. 47 52.8 Nebraska Reg... Matr.. 33 8 30 9 35 7 56 51 14 205 52 25.3 Grad.. Hom.. Matr .. 17 3 11 4 9 4 1 $= 1 29.7 Grad.. N. Ham'shire Reg ... Matr .. Grad.. 88 23 80 26 78 29 91 43 76 28 80 40 40 18 52 13 55 15 640 235 36.7 New York ... Reg... Matr .. Grad.. 1,732 539 1.983 601 2,142 629 2,209 642 2,197 792 2,146 646 1,990 580 1,826 593 1,884 566 18,059 5,588 30.8 Hom .. Matr .. Grad.. 152 38 152 4o 157 40 199 59 187 46 187 55 178 61 165 53 177 54 1,554 446 28.6 Eel... Matr .. Grad.. 107 26 138 24 172 32 249 64 270 86 224 62 96 19 45 11 74 15 1,375 339 24.6 N. Carolina.. Reg ... ?'atr .. 11 11 12 17 26 6 6 7.7 Grad.. Ohio Reg.... Matr.. Grad.. 779 285 401 166 910 310 566 197 933 390 924 319 816 282 .717 254 693 255 6,739 2,458 36.4 Hom.. Matr.. Grad . 106 74 108 54 130 47 219 67 208 60 197 86 156 56 136 60 137 42 1,397 546 39+ Eel.... Matr.. Grad.. 267 121 209 74 213 50 316 114 272 100 225 64 19< 83 193 78 189 69 2,101 753 35.7 Orogon, Reg.... Matr.. Grad.. 25 7 32 8 27 6 31 13 29 9 28 10 24 10 23 8 20 7 239 78 32+ Penna Reg. .. Matr.. Grad. 1,103 347 1,059 307 1,095 325 1,153 340 1,135 391 1,088 376 1,168 348 1,022 312 1.080 379 9,903 3,125 31.5 Hom .. Matr. . Grad . 161 52 162 61 192 75 208 83 148 57 147 52 138 41 144 48 148 58 1,448 36.3 23 I.-Matriculates and Graduates-Continued. co pr 2 Sessions. o States. o 3) 32 00 00 1878-9... 1879-80.. 1880-1... 1881-2... 1882-3... 1883-4... 1884 5 .. 1885 6... n s S. Carolina... Reg... Matr.. Grad . 60 17 71 20 74 23 21 56 19 61 18 80 20 59 17 62 is 600 173 28.8- Tennessee... Reg... Matr.. Grad . 143 3 154 8 460 201 169 67 589 298 504 211 444 186 461 169 544 208 3.468 1,351 38 9 Vermont. .... Reg... Matr.. Grad . 108 33 140 49 143 53 171 50 190 85 151 36 230 100 191 78 163 52 1,487 536 36+ Virginia Reg... Matr.. Grad . 17 21 12 57 13 34 25 117 25 132 60 108 34 134 34 582 231 31.1 Reg... Matr.. Grad . 7,118 2,240 7.484 2,389 9,445 2,950 9.511 2,995 10,737 3,846 10,905 3,470 10,816 3,439 10,233 3,215 10,624 86,873 3,433 28,007 32.2 Hom.. Matr.. Grad . 951 349 973 316 1.014 331 1,166 399 1,162 368 1,204 437 1,131 405 1,032 336 1,062 375 9,695 3,316 34.2- Totals Eel.... Matr.. Grad . 633 290 519 163 681 174 826 274 946 319 909 274 738 227 598 199 591 201 6.441 2,121 32 9 Ph-M.. Matr.. Grad . 56 22 48 14 50 20 54 21 60 22 52 23 52 17 54 22 47 28 473 189 39.9 • * Mise... Matr.. Grad . 18 11 26 13 58 20 14 7 116 51 43.9 Grand Totals Matriculates. Graduates.... 8,758 2,901 9,024 2,882 11,190 3,475 11,557 3,689 12,905 4,555 13,088 4,215 12,763 4,101 11,975 3,822 12,338 4,044 103598 33684 32.4 24 IL-Matriculates and Graduates-Sessions of 1885-86,1884-85,1883-4.1882-3, Compared. Countries. Sessions Students. Regular.. w o B o o Eclectic.. Ph-Med.. Misceil... Totals and per cent. 1885-86 Matriculates... Graduates. . ^Percent .9,556 3 202 1,062 375 35.3 591 201 34+ 47 28 59.5 14 7 50.0 11,270 3,813 33.8 United States 1884-85 Matriculates... Graduates i [Percent 0.250 3.078 33 2 1,032 336 32.6 598 199 33.2 54 22 40.7 58 20 34.4 10.992 3,655 33.2 1883-84 Matriculates ... Graduates Percent 10,050 3,286 32.6 1,131 405 35.8 738 227 30.7 52 17 32.6 26 13 50.0 11,997 3,948 32.9 1882-83 Matriculates... Graduates Percent 10.019 3,306 32.9 1,204 437 36.2 909 274 30.1 52 23 44.2 18 11 61.1 12,232 4.051 33+ 1885-86 Matriculates ... Graduates Percent 1,068 231 21.6 1,068 231 21.6 Canada 1884-85 Matriculates ... Graduates... . Percent 983 167 16.9 983 167 16.9 1883-84 Matriculates ... Graduates Percent 766 153 19.9 766 153 19.9 1882-83 Matriculates... Graduates Percent 856 164 19.1 816 164 19.1 1885-85 Matriculates.. Graduates Percent 10,624 3,433 32.3 1,062 375 35.3 591 201 34+ 47 28 59 5 14 7 50.0 12,338 4,044 32.7 1884-85 Matriculates... Graduates Percent 10,233 3,245 31.7 1,032 336 32.6 598 199 33.2 54 22 40.7 58 20 34.4 11,975 3,822 31.9 Totals both Coun- tries 1883-81 Matriculates,.. Graduates Percent 10,816 3,439 31.7 1,131 405 35.8 738 227 30.7 52 17 32.6 26 13 50.0 12,763 4,101 32.1 1882-83 Matriculates... Graduates Percent 10,905 3,470 31.8 1,204 437 36 2 909 274 30.1 52 23 44.2 18 11 61.1 13,088 4,215 32.1 25 II.-Matriculates and Graduates-Continued. States. Sessions Students. Regular.. a o B CD O p Eclectic.. Ph.-Med. Totals and peicent.. 1885-86 Matriculates Graduates Percent 107 32 30.0 107 32 30.0 Alabama. • • •«. . ........... 1884-85 Matriculates Graduates Percent 90 34 37.7 90 34 37.7 1883-84 Matriculates Graduates Percent 75 12 16.0 75 12 16.0 1882-83 Matriculates Graduates Percent 47 16 34+ 47 16 34+ 1885-86 Matriculates Graduates Percent........ 52 16 30.7 52 16 30.7 A rksn saq 1884-85 Matriculates Graduates Percent 37 8 21.6 37 8 21.6 1883-84 Matriculates Graduates Percent 28 13 46.4 28 13 46.4 1882-83 Matriculates Graduates Percent 32 4 12 5 32 4 12.5 1885-86 Matriculates Graduates Percent 147 20 13.6 21 11 52.3 24 14 58.3 192 45 23.4 California 1884-85 Matriculates Graduates Percent 136 32 23.5 17 5 35.3 26 5 19 2 179 42 23.4 1883-84 Matriculates Graduates Percent 123 31 25.2 23 7 3W.4 30 9 30.0 176 47 26.7 1882-83 Matriculates Graduates Percent 144 30 20.8 32 11 34.3 176 41 23+ 1885-86 Matriculates Graduates Percent 31 12 38.7 31 12 38.7 Coloi ado. .................. 1884-85 Matriculates Graduates Percent 37 6 16.2 37 6 16.2 26 II.-Matriculates and Graduates-Continued. States. Sessions Students. Regular.. Homeop. Eclectic.. Ph-Med.. [Totals and percent. Colorado-Con?. 1883-84 Matriculates Graduates Percent 30 16.6 30 5 16.6 1882-83 Matriculates Graduates 21 5 23 8 21 5 23.8 Percent.... 1885-86 Matriculates 26 6 23 + 26 6 23+ Graduates Percent 1884-85 Matriculates 27 6 22.2 27 6 22.2 Graduates Percent 1883-84 Matriculates 43 7 16 2 43 7 16.2 Graduates Percent 1882-83 Matriculates Graduates 32 2L8 32 7 21.8 Percent District of Columbia, 1885-86 Matriculates Graduates 245 39 15.9 245 39 15.9 Percent 1884-85 Matriculates Graduates 215 51 23.7 215 51 23.7 Percent 1883-84 Matriculates Graduates 202 43 21.2 202 43 21 2 Percent 1882-83 Matriculates Graduates 193 45 23.3 193 45 23.2 Percent Georgia 1885-86 Matriculates Graduates 2i9 108 38.7 63 10 15.8 342 118 34.5 Percent 1884-85 Matriculates Graduates 254 103 40.5 69 13 18.8 323 116 35.9 Percent 1883-84 Matriculates 285 112 39.9 62 17 27.4 347 129 34.2 Graduates Percent 1882-83 Matriculates Graduates Percent 230 76 33+ 67 18 27.0 297 94 31 6 27 II.-Matriculates and Graduates-Continued. States. Sessions Students. Regular.. Homeop.. Eclectic., i Ph-Med.. Totals and percent. 1885-86 Matriculates Graduates Percent 771 291 37.7 357 144 40.3 122 50 40.9 17 10 58.8 1,267 495 39+ 1884-85 Matriculates Graduates Percent 799 277 34.6 369 115 31.1 143 37 25.8 1,309 429 32 7 1883-84 Matriculates Graduates 813 284 34.9 393 152 38.6 159 50 31.4 1,365 486 35.6 Percent 1882-83 Matriculates Graduates 923 295 31.9 422 174 41.2 147 52 35.3 1,492 521 34.8 Percent Indiana 1885-86 Matriculates Graduates 123 54 43 2 37 22 59.4 30 18 60.0 190 94 49.4 Percent 1884-85 Matriculates Graduates 118 51) 42.3 35 16 45.7 34 12 35.3 187 78 41.7 Percent 1883-84 Matriculates Graduates... 145 72 50.0 31 10 32.2 21 7 33.3 197 89 45.1 Percent 1882-83 Matriculates Graduates Percent 227 101 44.4 24 7 29.1 26 11 42.3 277 119 32.8 1885-16 Matriculates Graduates 235 79 33 6 29 10 34.4 31 10 32.2 295 99 33.5 Percent 1884-85 Matriculates Graduates 240 96 40 0 33 10 30 3 54 15 27.7 327 121 37.0 Percent 1883-84 Matriculates Graduates 282 104 36.8 35 12 34.2 65 16 24 6 382 132 34.5 Percent 1882-83 Matriculates Graduates Percent. .. 292 89 30.4 44 12 27.2 38 8 42 1 374 109 32.6 Kentucky 1885-86 Matriculates Graduates 608 244 40.1 608 244 40.1 Percent 1881-85 Matriculates Graduates Percent 546 219 40.1 546 219 40.1 28 II. Matriculates and Graduates-Continued. States. Sessions ^Students. । Regular.. Homeop.. Eclectic.. Ph-Med.. Totals.and percent. Kentucky- Cont 1883-84 Matriculates Graduates Percent 680 246 36.1 680 246 36.1 1882-83 Matriculates Graduates Percent 672 231 34.3 672 231 34.3 1885-86 Matriculates Graduates. Percent 208 78 37.5 208 78 37.5 I* inn 1 ai nn a 1881-85 Matriculates Graduates Percent 192 64 33.3 192 64 33.3 JUV U1OJ dLLct ...... . 1883-84 Matriculates Graduates Percent 212 70 33.0 212 70 33.0 1862-83 Matriculates Gradual es Percent 212 73 34.4 212 73 34.4 1885-86 Matriculates Graduates Percent 85 20 23 8 25 5 20.0 110 25 22.7 NT a i n a 1884-85 Matriculates Graduates Percent 66 14 21 2 9 10 111.0 75 24 32.0 lu-dlllvj ...... 1883-84 Matriculates Graduates Percent 99 33 33 3 24 7 29.1 123 40 32.5 1882-83 Matriculates Graduates Percent 94 28 29.7 38 14 36.8 132 42 31.9 1885-86 Matriculates. ... Graduates Percent! 616 255 41.3 616 255 41.3 Alary land 1884-85 Matriculates Graduates Percent 675 248 36.7 675 248 36.7 1883-84 Matriculates. .... Graduates Percent 638 220 34.4 638 220 34.4 1882-83 Matriculates Graduates Percent 392 129 32.8 392 129 32.8 29 II.-Matriculates and Graduates-Continued. States. Sessions Students. Regular.. Homeop,.. Eclectic... Ph-Med .. Totals and per cent.. Massachusetts 1885-86 Matriculates Graduates Percent 294 70 23.8 97 18 18 5 391 88 22.5 1884-85 Matriculates. .... Graduates Percent 294 65 22.1 91 26 28.5 385 91 23.6 1883-84 Matriculates. .... Graduates Percent 287 65 22.6 97 34 35.0 384 99 25.7 1882-83 Matriculates Graduates Percent 263 84 31.9 109 30 27.5 372 114 30.6 Michigan 1885-86 Matriculates. .... Graduates Percent 441 126 28.5 49 17 34.7 490 143 29 1 1884-85 Matriculates. .... Graduates Percent 456 120 26+ 34 6 17.6 490 126 25.7 1883-84 Matriculates Graduates Percent 474 137 28.9 -55 20 36.3 529 157 29.6 1882-83 Matriculates. ... Graduates Percent 479 158 32.9 57 17 29.8 536 175 31.5 Minnesota 1885-86 Matriculates. ... Graduates Percent 95 25 26 3 95 25 26.3 1884-85 Matriculates. ... Graduates Percent 64 21 32 8 64 21 • 32.8 1883-84 Matriculates Graduates Percent 56 7 12.5 56 7 12.5 1882-83 Matriculates. ... Graduates Percent 58 4 6 9 58 4 6.9 Missouri 1885-86 Matriculates Graduates Percent 481 173 35.9 38 17 44.1 26 6 23+ 545 196 35 9 1884-85 Matriculates Graduates Percent 472 172 36.4 32 9 28 1 24 14 58.3 528 195 36.9 30 II.-Matriculates and Graduates ---Continued. States. Sessions Students. Regular... Homeop.. Eclectic... Ph-Med... Totals and percent.. Matriculates 613 212 34.5 39 19 48.6 65 15 23+ 717 246 34.3 1883-84 Graduates Percent Missouri Cont 1882-83 Matriculates Graduates 598 230 38.4 41 n 26.8 114 38 753 279 37.0 Percent 33 3 Nebraska 1885-86 Matriculates Graduates 51 14 27.4 9 4 44.4 60 18 30.0 Percent 1834-85 Matriculates.. 56 14 25 0 11 4 36.3 67 18 26.8 Graduates Percent Matriculates Graduates 35 7 20.0 17 3 17.6 52 10 20.4 1883-84 Percent Matriculates Graduates 30 9 30.0 30 9 30.0 188-2-83 Percent New Hampshire 1885-86 Matriculates Graduates 55 15 27 2 - 55 15 27.2 Percent 1884-85 Matriculates Graduates 52 13 25.0 52 13 25.0 Percent 1883-84 Matriculates 40 18 45.0 40 18 45.0 Graduates Percent 1882-83 Matriculates Graduates 80 40 50.0 80 40 50.0 Percent Matriculates..... 1,884 566 30.0 177 54 30.3 74 15 20.2 2,135 635 29.7 1885-86 Graduates Percent 1884-85 Matriculates Graduates Percent 1,826 593 32.4 165 53 32.. 1 45 11 24.4 2,036 657 32.2 1883-84 Matriculates Graduates 1,990 580 29.1 178 61 34.2 96 19 19.7 2,264 660 29.1 Percent 1882-83 Matriculates Graduates 2,146 646 30.1 187 55 29.4 224 62 27.7 2,557 763 29.8 Percent. 31 II.-Matriculates and Graduates-Continued. States. Sessions Students. Regular . Homeop. Eclectic.. Ph-Med.. Totals and Percent. North Carolina 1885-86 Matriculates Graduates 26 6 26 6 Percent 23+ 23+ 1884-85 Matriculates 17 17 - 1883-84 Matriculates. 12 12 1882-83 Matriculates 11 11 Ohio 1885-86 Matriculates Graduates 693 255 13? 42 189 69 1,019 366 Percent 36.7 30.6 36.5 ' 35,9 1884-85 Matriculates Graduates Percent 717 254 35.4 136 60 34.1 193 78 40.4 1,046 392 37.4 1883-84 Matriculates Graduates 816 282 156 56 190 83 1,162 421 Percent 34.5 35.8 43.6 36.2 1882-83 Matriculates Graduates 924 319 197 86 225 64 1,346 469 Percent 34.5 43.5 28.4 34.8 Oregon 1885-86 Matriculates Graduates... Percent.... 20 20 7 35.0 7 35.0 1884-85 Matriculates 23 23 Graduates 8 8 Percent 34.7 34.7 1883-84 Matriculates Graduates Percent 24 10 24 10 41.6 41.6 1882-83 Matriculates 28 28 Graduates HI 10 Percent 35.7 35.7 1885-86 Matriculates Graduates 1,080 379 148 58 1,228 437 Percent. . .. 35+ 39.1 35.5 1884-85 Matriculates Graduates 1,022 144 1,166 360 312 48 Percent 30.5 33.3 30.8 1883-84 Matriculates Graduates Percent 1,168 348 29.7 138 .41 29.7 1,306 389 29.7 32 States. Sessions Students. Regular.. Homeop. Eclectic.. Ph-Med.. Totals and percent. Pennsylvania-Gont 1882-83 Matriculates Graduates Percent 1,088 376 34.5 147 52 45 3 1,235 428 34.6 1885-8G Matriculates Graduates Percent 62 18 29.0 62 18 29.0 South Carolina 1884-85 Matriculates Graduates Percent 59 17 28.8 59 17 28.8 1883-84 Matriculates Graduates Percent 80 20 25.0 80 20 25.0 1882-83 Matriculates Graduates Percent 61 18 29.5 61 18 29.5 1885-86 Matriculates Graduates Percent 544 208 38.2 544 208 38.2 Tennessee 1884-85 Matriculates Graduates Percent 461 169 36 6 461 169 36.6 1883-84 Matriculates Graduates Percent 444 186 41.8 444 186 41.8 1882-83 Matriculates Graduates Percent 504 211 41.8 504 211 41.8 1885-86 Matriculates Graduates........ Percent 163 52 31.9 163 52 31.9 Vermont 1884-85 Matriculates Graduates Percent 191 78 40.8 191 78 40.8 1883-84 Matriculates Graduates Percent 230 100 43.4 230 100 43.4 1882-83 Matriculates Graduates Percent 151 36 23.8 151 36 23.8 Virginia 1885-86 Matriculates Graduates Percent 134 34 25 3 134 34 25.3 II.-Matriculates and Graduates-Continued. 33 II.-Matriculates and Graduates-Continued. States. Sessions Students. Regular.. Homeop. 1 | Eclectic.. Ph-Med.. Totals and percent. law 85 Matriculates Graduates Percent 108 34 31.4 108 34 31.4 Virginia- Cont 1888-84 Matriculates Graduates Percent 132 50 37.8 132 50 37.8 1882-83 Matriculates Graduates Percent 117 25 21.3 117 25 21.3 34 MEDICAL COLLEGES. OF THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA-1765-1886, Embracing the Titles: Locations: Addresses of Corresponding Officers: Organizations: Curricula of Study: Requirements for Admission and for Graduation: Fees: Number of Matriculates and of Graduates-of all Existing Medical Schools in the United States and Canada. The Titles: Locations: Dates of Organization: Periods of Exist- ence and other Historical Data-of all Extinct Medical Schools in the United States and Canada. Arranged Alphabetically as to States, and Chronologically as to Dates of Organization. ALABAMA. THE MEDICAL ASSOCIATION OF THE STATE OF ALABAMA. The Board of Censors of the Medical Association of the State of Alabama and the Board of Censors of the several County Medical Societies which are in affiliation with the Medical Association, act as the Board of Medical Examiners.* The Board of Censors of the Medical Association is composed of ten members, who are elected by the Association, and who control the County Boards of Censors. The latter are elected by the County Medical Societies, and are composed of five members each. Diplomas of medical colleges confer no right to practice in this State. Nothing does except the certificate of one of the Examining Boards, ba<ed upon actual examination of the applicants. The County Boards examine graduates of reputable medical colleges only; diplomas serving as a means for getting before the Board. The State Board alone examines non-graduates. Persons proposing to begin the study of medicine are examined by the County Boards of Censors in English grammar and literature, general and United States history, elements of arithmetic, geom- etry, inorganic chemistry and physics. The examinations are both oral and written. In 1885 the State Board of Medical Examiners received sixty sets of examination papers *In a number of counties there are no medical societies, and Jas a necessary conse- quence the law to some extent is inoperative. 35 from the County Boards of Medical Examiners. Of these, two were from applicants for the study of medicine, one candidate was successful and one unsuccessful; fifty-eight were from applicants for the practice of medicine-fifty-one being successful and seven unsuccessful. One non graduate passed a successful examination. MEDICAL COLLEGE OF ALABAMA. Mobile, Ala. Geo. A. Ketchum, M. D., Dean, 7 N. Conception street. Organized in 1859. Closed during t he war and re-opened in 1868. There were no grad- uates during the years 1862-68, inclusive. The faculty embraces eight professors, one assistant to the professor of obstetrics and diseases of women, three lecturers, one demonstrator, and one assistant demon- strator. Course of Instruction: The regular course of lectures for the session of 1886-87 commenced November 8, 1886, and continues until the 26th of March, 1887. A preliminary course began October 18. 1886. A three years' graded course is recommended, and pro- vided for without cost as to lecture tickets for the third year. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, surgery, obstetrics and diseases of women and children, ophthalmology and otology, histology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, clinical and gen- ito-urinary surgery, and practical pharmacy. Examinations are held daily on the various lectures. Clinics at the hospital and the college dispensary. Requirements: For admission, none. For graduation: 1) age, twenty-one years; 2) good moral character; 3) three years' study; 4) attendance on two full courses of lectures; 5) pass before the members of the faculty a satisfactory examination; 6) certificates of at least one course of practical anat- omy or dissections. Fees: Matriculation (annually). $5.09; lectures, including hospital, $75.00; dissecting, $10.00: graduation, $25.00. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentage of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 - 18 - 1878-79 - 20 - 1879-80 - 20 -- 1880-81 - 22 - 1881-82 - 21 - 1882-83 - 16 -- 1881-81 75 12 16 1884-85 90 34 37.7 1885-86 107 32 30.0 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the sessions reported, twenty-eight. Remarks: "Hereafrer examinations by the professors on their several departments will be mane at hours appropriated especially for the purpose. These examinations or quizzes having been adopted as a part of the course of instruction." SOUTHERN UNIVERSITY, MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. Greensboro, Ala. Organized in 1872.-Extinct. Last session closed in 1880. ARKANSAS. MEDICAL DEPARTMENT, ARKANSAS INDUSTRIAL UNI- VERSITY. Little Rock, Ark. R. G. Jennings, M. D., Secretary of ths Faculty. Organized in 1879. First class graduated in 1880. Classes have graduated each sub- sequent year. The faculty embraces fourteen professors and lecturers, and a demonstrator. Course of Instruction: Lectures begin the first Wednesday in Cctober, and con- tinue twenty weeks. Five lectures will be delivered daily during the six days of the 36 week. "A voluntary graded course of three years has been established from the organiza- tion of this college."-but "students who prefer to continue their studies on the repeti- tional system can do so." Lectures embrace practice of medicine, institutes and practice of surgery, obstetrics, diseases of women and children, general, descriptive and surgical anatomy, materia medica. therapeutics, hygiene, botany, institutes of medicine, clinical surgery, derma- tology, medical chemistry, toxicology, ophthalmology, otology, diseases of the genito- urinary organs, physical diagnosis and clinical medicine, gynecology, meteorology and climatology. Requirements: For admission, "Applicants must be eighteen years of age and pre- sent a credible certificate of good moral character; a diploma of graduation from a good literary and scientific college or high school: a first-class grade teacher's certificate, or. lacking this, a thorough examination in the br anches of a good English education, in- cluding mathematics, English composition, and elementary physics or natural phil- osophy." For graduation: 1) satisfactory evidence of good moral character; 2) age, twenty-one years; 3) a satisfactory certificate of having pursued the study of medicine for at least three years under a regular graduate or licentiate and practitioner in good standing; 4) attendance on two full courses of lectures, with thorough dissection of the whole body; 5) sati-factorv examination; 6) thesis on some medical subject or a full report of any of the clinics. Two years and nine months are accepted in lieu of three years' study, if the three years will expire not later than three months after graduation. Fees: Matriculation (paid once only), $5.00; lectures, $50.00; demonstrator, $5.00; hospital. $3.00; graduation, $25.00. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1879-80 22 1 4.6 1880-81 32 10 lo- 1881-82 36 5 ll- 1882-83 32 4 12 5 1883-84 28 13 46 4 1884-85 37 8 21 6 1885-86 *52 16 30.7 Percentage of graduates to matriculates during the six years, twenty-four. *Not including one graduate who matriculated. CALIFORNIA. COOPER MEDICAL COLLEGE. San Francisco, Cat. Henry Gibbons, Jr., M. D., Dean. 920 Polk street. Organized in 1859 as the Medical Department of the University of the Pacific. Ceased to exist in 1864, but ^as revived in 1870, under the same name. In 1873 it became the Medi- ical Department of the University College of San Francisco, and was given the specific designation of the Medical College of the Pacific. In 1882 the institution received its present name-The first class was graduated in 1860. No classes'were graduated in the years 1865-69, inclusive. A. class was graduatedin 1870 and in each subsequent year. The faculty embraces twelve chairs, two adjuncts, a demonstrator of anatomy, and a demonstrator of pathology. Course of Instruction; Three annual summer courses and one intermediate course are required to complete the curriculum The regular course begins June 1, and ends October 30; the intermediate course begins January 11, and ends May 4. During the first year the student attends all didactic lectures, but gives special attention to descrip- tive anatomy, physiology, chemistry, surgery, microscopy and practice of medicine and is examined in these branches at the end of the term. In the second year all lectures and clinics must be attended, and examination in all branches are held at the close, those in descriptive anatomy, physiology and chemistry being final. All lectures and clinics must be attended during the third year, except lectures on chemistry and physiology, if examination in these has been successfully passed Special attention must be given to clinics. Final examinations, written and oral, in the third year. The principal branches taught, are principles and practice of medicine; clinical medi- cine and diagnosis; surgery, surgical anatomy, clinical and operative surgery; descrip- tive and practical anatomy; microscopy and histology; pathology with practical illustra- tions; obstetrics, diseases of women and children: gynecology: theoretical and practical physiology; ophthalmology, otology didactic andiclinical; chemistry; toxicology: mate- ria medlcaand therapeutics; hygiene; insanity: medical jurisprudence; physical diag- nosis; laryngoscopy. Requirements: For admission, eighteen years of age, an examination in English composition, physics, arithmetic and Latin rudiments (declension of nouns and gram- 37 mar.) Graduates of literary, scientific, medical, or'pharmaceutical colleges or universi- ties in good standing, graduates of high schools, and anplicints who have passed the examination for admission to any recognized literary college or univei sity. or who hold first-grade certificates from any public school board, as properly qualified teachers, on producing proper evidence of the same, are admitted to matriculation without examina- tion. For graduation: 1) good moral character; 2) twenty-one years of age; 3) three reg- ular courses of le. • ures: and the intermediate course preceding the student's last year; 4) two courses of clinical instruction; one cour.-e of practical anatomy, dissecting the entire subject; 6) satisfactory thesis; 7) successful passing of all examinations. Fees: Matriculation, paid but once, $5: lectures (three courses), $260; single course, $130: demonstrator, $10; graduation. $40. A charge of $25 is made for each inter- mediate course, which amount is credited upon the succeeding regular course fees. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1878 65 26 40 1879 58 15 26- 1880 42 7 17- 1881 59 9 15+ 1882 67 12 18 1883 83 19 22.9 1884 80 16 20 1885 81 19 22.7 1885 86 12 13.9 Percentage of graduates to matriculates during the nine years, twen'y-one. MEDICAL DEPARTMENT, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA. Toland Medical College. San Francisco, Cal. Robert A. McLean, M. D., Dean, 603 Merchant street. Organized in 1863 as the Toland Medical College. Became connected with the Uni- versity of California in 1872. The faculty embraces fourteen professors, five assistants, one curator, one demon- strator, and the dispensary staff. Course of Instruction: "Three regular courses of lectures of nine months each, attended through three several years," are required. Students are also required to at- tend clinics regularly throughout the term. At the beginning of each session examina- tions are held to determine the progress of the student during the year past; his advance- ment depending on the result of such examination. The session of 1886 began March 1 and ended November 30. Studies: First year-anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica, chemical and physiological laboratory work and dissections. Second year-anatomy, physiology, medical chemistry, principles and practice of medicine, principles and practice of sur- gery, therapeutics, obstetrics, pathology, dissection and surgical and medical clinics. Third year-principles and practice of medicine, principles and practice of surgery, in- cluding operative and minor surgery with bandaging, therapeutics, hygiene and medical jurisprudence, ophthalmology and otology, obstetrics and gynecology, with special clinics, regional anatomy, physiology of the special senses, physiological chemistry and pharma- cology, clinical medicine, surgery, etc Requirements: For admission, an examination in English composition, arithmetic, geography and elementary chemistry. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) three full years' study; 4) three regular courses of lectures; 5) successful passage on all subjects by written and oral examination; 6) practical anatomy during two sessions, and have dis- sected all parts of the cadaver. Fees: Matriculation, $5; demonstrator, $10; first and second courses of lectures, $130 each; third course, free; graduation, $40. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at eachjsession reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- 38 Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent 1878 - 11 - 1879 - 13 - 1880 - 11 -- 1881 61 16 26+ 1882 59 15 25+ ' 1883 61 11 18 + 1881 43 15 34.8 1885 53 13 24.5 1886 51 8 15.6 Percentage of graduates to matriculates during the last five years, twenty-three. CALIFORNIA MEDICAL SOCIETY AND COLLEGE OF PHY- SICIANS. San Francisco, Cal. Incorporated October 21,1876.-Extinct, 1877. CALIFORNIA MEDICAL COLLEGE (Eclectic). Oakland, Cal. D. Maclean, M. D., Dean, 330 Sutter street, San Francisco. Organized in 1879. The first class was graduated in 1880. The faculty embraces nine professors and a demonstrator. Course of Instruction: One intermediate and one regularterm annually. The regu- lar or winter term commences on the flt>t Monday in November (.annually), and continues six months. The intermediate, or summer term, commences on the first Monday in June (annually), and continues twelve weeks. Three-years' graded course is recommended, but not reauired. Lectures embrace principles and practice of medicine, obstetrics, surgery, anatomy, surgical anatomy, physiology, materia medica, chemistry, clinical and operative surgery, clinical medicine, therapeutics, pathology, gynecology, medical jurisprudence, clinical midwifery, diseases of children, clinical diseases of women, clinical diseases of children, mental diseases, hygiene, ophthalmology, otology, clinical diseases of the eye and ear, toxicology, physical diagnosis, laryngoscopy, diseases of the heart and lungs, and nerv- ous diseases. Clinics at hospital and dispensary. Requirements: For admission, 1) certificate of good moral standing: 2) diploma from a high school, college or university, or a'thorough examination in the branches of a good English education, including mathematics, English composition and elementary natural philosophy. For graduation, 1) twenty-one years of age: 2) good moral character; 3) "such educa- tion as shall give him proper standing with the public and profession;" 4) three regular courses of lectures or two intermediate and two regular courst s; 5) practical anatomy at least two sessions; 6) "satisfactory examination upon the essential points in the general practice of medicine;" 7) thesis. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $120; demonstrator, $10; graduation, $30. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1879-80 48 13 27+ 1880-81 31 11 35.5 1881-82 25 10 40 1882-83 32 11 34.4 1883-84 30 9 30 1884-85 26 □ 19 2 1885-86 24 14 58.3 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past seven years, thirty-three. HAHNEMANN MEDICAL COLLEGE OF SAN FRANCISCO (Homeopathic). San Francisco, Cal. C. B. Currier, M. D., Dean, 921 Geary street. Organized in 1884. Faculty embraces eighteen professors and a demonstrator of anatomy. 39 Course of Instruction: Graded, extending over three years. Session begins first Tuesday in May and continues six months. Lectures embrace, first year-anatomy, physiology, chemistry, pharmacy, materia medica, histology, and minor surgery. Second year-anatomy, materia medica, chem- istry. pharmacy, toxicology, theory and practice of medicine, diseases of throat and ahest, obstetrics and surgery. Third year-same as second year with the exception that anat- omy, chemistry, pharmacy and toxicology are omitted and the following studies added, viz: medical jurisprudence, hygiene and sanitary science, ophthalmology and otology, gynecology, dermatology and venereal diseases, mental and nervous diseases and dis- eases of children. Requirements: For admission, applicants will be required to pass a satisfactory preliminary examination in the ordinary English branches, or present documentary evi- dence ot such qualification. Candidates possessing a diploma of a literary, pharmaceu- tical. scientific college or high school,or holders of first-class teacher's certificates of any public school board, shall be admitted without examination. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age: 2) good moral character; 3) three full courses of lectures; 4) certificate of having dissected every region; 5) satisfactory exam- ination in each department. Fees: Matriculation (once only), $5; lectures (three courses), $.50; demonstrator, $10; graduation, $40. Students: Number of matriculates ana of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1884 23 7 30.4 1885 17 5 29.3 1886 21 11 51.9 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past three years, thirty-seven. THE COLLEGE OF MEDICINE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. Los Angeles, Cal. J. P. Widney, A. M., M. D., Dean of the Faculty. Organized, November, 1883. The faculty embraces eighteen professors and one dem- onstrator. Course of Instruction: Graded, extending over three years. Term commences the second Wednesday ot' October, and continues to the third Wednesday of April. An in- termediate term commences about the 1st of May and ends about the 1st of July. At- tendance upon the intermediate term is not obligatory, except for the last year. Lectures embrace principlesand practice of medicine, clinical medicine, principles and practice of surgery, clinical surgery, anatomy, surgical anatomy, histology and microscopy, materia medica and therapeutics, obstetrics, gynecology, physiology, chemistry and toxicology, pathology and diseases of the genito-urioary organs, diseases of the mind and nervous system, diseases of children, hygiene and diseases of the skin, ophthalmology and otology, and medical jurisprudence. Requirements: For admission, the student must pass a matriculating examination, unless he is a graduate of some university, college, high school, academy or normal school, or hold-; a first-grade teacher's certificate for the public schools. The examina- tion will cover English composition, and other ordinary English branches as taught in the public schools. An acquaintance with the rudiments of Latin will be required. If the applicant has never studied Latin, he will be allowed to make this up after commencing his medical studies. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age and good moral character; 2) must have studied medicine three full years and attended three regular courses of medical lectures, the last of which must have been in this college, and he must have also attended the in- termediate course of his last year; 3) must pass satisfactory examination, must have dis- sected the entire cadaver, done the necessary amount of laboratory and chemical work, and submit a satisfactory thesis. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures (three courses), $260; demonstrator, $10; gradua- tion, $40. Students: Number of matriculates for session of 1885-86, ten. CANADA. Practitioners of medicine in Canada must be registered, and the requirements de- manded vary in different provinces. The possession of the degree of Doctor of Medicine, granted by a recognized university, entitles its holder to registration in all the provinces, except Ontario. '1 he curriculum of studies required of a university. in order that its de- grees may be registered, is set forth in the following sections of the Quebec Medical Act, and are applicable, with slight changes, to all the provinces: § 8. From and after the passage of this act, no person shall be admitted as a student of medicine, surgery or midwiferv, unless he shall have obtained a ceitiflcate of qualifi- cation from the said Provincial Medical Board. And no one shall be entitled to the license 40 of the college, on presentation of a diploma, unless he shall have been previously ad- mitted to the study of medicine, in accordance with the provisions of this act, or unless he shall have passed an equivalent preliminary examination before a college, school or board, authorized by law to require and cause such preliminary examinations to be parsed in Her Britannic Majesty's possessions, elsewhere than in the Province of Quebec, and acceptable to the board created by this act * * * The subjects of the pre- liminary qualifications to be English and French, Latin, geography, history, arithmetic, algebra, geometry, belles-letters, an 1 any one of the following subjects: Greek, natural or moral philosophy; and the candidate to present a certificate of good moral character. § 15. The qualifications to be required'from a candidate for obtaining a license, authorizing him to practice medicine, surgery and midwifery, shall consist in his holding a certificate of study from a licensed physician, for the period intervening between the courses of lectures which he has followed; that he is not less than twenty-one years of age; that he has followed his studies during a period of not less than four years, com- mencing from the date ot his admission to the study of medicine by this board, and that, during the said four years, he shall have attended, at some university, college or incor- porated school of medicine within Her Majesty's dominions, not less than two six- months'courses of general or descriptive anatomy, of practical anatomy, of surgery, of practice of medicine, of midwifery, of chemistry, of materia mediea and general thera- peutics, of the institutes of medicine, of physiology and general pathology, of clinical medicine and of clinical surgery; one six-months' course or two thre?-months' courses, of medical jurisprudence and of hygiene; one three-months' course of botany; one three- months' course, and a course of not less than twenty-five demonstrations, upon micros- copic anatomy, physiology and pathology: also, that he shall have attended the general practice of a hospital in which are contained not less than fifty beds, under the charge of not less than two physicians or surgeons, for a period of not less than one year and ahalf, or three periods of not less than six months each; and that he shall also have attended six cases of labor, and compounded medicines for six months. And to remove all doubts with regard to the number of lectures which the incorporated schools of medicine of the Pro- vince of Quebec are bound to give, it is enacted and declared that each six-months' course shall consist of one hundred and twenty lectures, except in the case of clinical medicine, clinical surgery and medical jurisprudence. Of the four years' study required by this act, three six-months'sessions at least shall be passed in attendance upon lec- tures at a university, college or incorporated school of medicine recognized by this board, the first whereof shall be so passed the session immediately succeeding the pre- liminary examination, and the last during the fourth year of study, and the candidate shall under go an examination, on the final subjects of the curriculum, at the end of the session in his fourth year of study. It Is optional in Quebec with the provincial board to accept or reject the degree of a university outside the province, and the test of an examination is sometimes imposed upon its holder. In Ontario all, except registered practitioners of Great Britain, must pass an examina- tion in the required branches before registration. The remainder of the provinces accept recognized university degrees without examination. Graduates of United States medical schools, in order to register in a province of Canada, unless holding an academical degree, must 1) pass the matriculation examina- tion: 2) attend a Canadian school one or more full winter courses, so as to complete the curriculum of the piovince; and 3) pass the professional examination. Manitoba is an exception, the regulation there being as follows: "American students in medicine [meaning graduates of medical colleges in the United Statesl obtain a license by passing a practical examination satisfactory to the board on the following subjects, viz: Anatomy, physiology, theory and practice of medicine, surgery, midwifery and diseases of women and children: chemistry; materia mediea and therapeutics; medical jurisnrudence and toxicology." For this examination, and subsequent registration, a fee of $100 is charged, Students attending Canadian colleges are subject to the following rules: 1. In.the case of disorderly conduct any student may, at the discretion of the pro- fessor, be required to leave the class-room. Persistence in any offense against discipline, after admonition by the professor, shall be reported to the dean of the faculty. The dean may, at his discretion, reprimand the student, or refer the matter to the faculty at its next meeting, and may in the interval suspend from classes. 2. Absence from any number of lectures can only be excused by necessity or duty, of which proof must be given, when called for. to the faculty. The number of times of ab- sence, from necessity or duty, that shall disqualify for the keeping of a session, shall in each case be determined by the faculty. 3. While in the college students are expected to conduct ithemselves in the same orderly manner as in the class-rooms. 4. When students are brought before the faculty under the above rules, the faculty may reprimand, impose fines, disqualify from competing for prizes and honors, suspend from classes, or expel from the college. 41 Ontario. TORONTO SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. (Affiliated with the University of Toronto and the University of Victoria College.) Toronto, Ont. H. H.Wright, M. D„ Secretary, corner Sherbourne and Gerrard streets. Organized in 1843. Incorporated by act of parliament in 1851. Degrees were first conferred upon its students by affiliated universities, in 1845. Degrees have been so con- ferred each subsequent year. Faculty embraces fourteen professors (lecturers), two adjunct professors and two demonstrators. Course of Instruction: Two sessions yearly; the winter term of 1886-87 began Octo- ber 1, and will finish April 1, 1887; the summer term will begin May I and continue six weeks. For curriculum of studies see section fifteen of the Quebec medical act as quoted above. Requirements: "The school does not exact any requirements as to matriculation, etc., and does not grant degrees. These matters it leaves entirely to the two universities with which it is affiliated, and to the medical council. IOldright. Fees: Lecture courses, each chair, $12, excepting anatomy, descriptive and surgical, $15; normal and pathological histology, each, $8; medical jurisprudence and chemistry, each, $6; and botany and hygiene, each, $5; registration, payable only once, $5; four op- tional studies, each, $5; summer session, $20. TORONTO UNIVERSITY, MEDICAL FACULTY. Toronto, Ont. Organized in 1843 as the Medical Faculty of King's College. Soon after its organiza- tion the name was changed to the Medical Faculty of the University of Toronto. 3 he faculty was paid by the State. After an existence of ten years, the endowed chairs were abolished by an act of the legislature, and in 1852 the school became extinct. TRINITY MEDICAL SCHOOL. (Affiliated with the University of Trinity Co'lege, the University of Toronto and the Univer- sity of Manitoba ] Toronto, Ont. W. B. Geikie, M. D., C. M., Dean, 324 Jarvis street. Organized in 1850, as the Upper Canada School of Medicine, which, in its first session, became the Medical Facuity of Trinity College, and after an existence of four years ended by the resignations of the professors, who refused to submit to certain test enactments of a religious nature demanded by the corporation. In 1870 the Faculty of Medicine of Trinity College was reorganized, and it exists now as a separate corporation under the above title. The school confers the degree of "Fellow by Examination of Trinity Medical School," which is, "in every respect the equivalent of M. B., M. D., or M. D., M. C„ at Trinity College." [Geikie.1 The faculty embraces ten professors, one lecturer and two demonstrators. Course of Instruction: The winter session of 1886-87, beginning October 1,1886, con- tinues for six months; the summer session begins May 1, and ends June 30, 1887. Four years' attendance is required for graduation. Lectures embrace the principles and practice of medicine and surgery, materia med- ica. therapeutics, anatomy, obstetrics, diseases of women and children, chemistry, botany, sanitary science, meuieal jurisprudence, physiologv,histology, path' logy.ophihamology, otology, laryngology. Three examinations are held during the course, viz: at the close of the first, second and fourth years. Requirements: Students are advised to pass the matriculation examinations of the Medical Council of Ontario, orthose of the affiliated universities, before entering: but are allowed to attend lectures without any examination, tjiough none such can obtain a de- gree. Students not matriculated elsewhere, and who desire to take the Fellowship Di- ploma, are required to pass an examination on the following subjects: 1) writing and dic- tation: 2) English language, including grammar and composition; 3) arithmetic; 4) algebra, including simple equations and Euclid, Latin, and either Greek, German. French or nat- ural philosophy, history and geography. For graduation: a) a recognized matriculation examination; b) four years'pursuit of medical studies; c) attendance on at least two full courses of lectures during either three or four winter sessions, and d) satisfactory examination in all required branches. Fees: Registration, $5: lecture courses, each chair, $12, excepting practical anatomy, practical chemistry, normal and pathological histology, each, $8: medical jurisprudence. $6; hygiene and botany, each, $5; examinations, $15: summer session, $20; Toronto general hospital, $20; for perpetual ticket lying-in hospital, $5 per six months. 42 Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1878-79 137 35 25 5 1879-80 136 30 22+ 1880-81 136 30 22+ 18M-82 168 35 20.7 1882-83 205 38 18.5 1883-84 222 62 27.9 1881-85 260 58 22.3 1885-86 292 70 24 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past eight years, twenty-three. Remarks: The number of graduates given above includes, also, "men licensed by the Council." MEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF VICTORIA COLLEGE. {Also known as ''Ralph's School." Toronto, Ont. Organized in 1853.- Extinct since 1869. ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS. (Affiliated with Queen's University.) Kingston, Ont. Fife Fowler, M. D., L. R. C. 8., Edin., President of the Faculty. Organized as the Medical Faculty of Queen's University in 1854. First class graduated in 1855, and classes graduated in each subsequent year. Being separately incorporated, the college confers the diplomas of "Licentiate" and "Fellow." Its students obtain the decrees of M. D.,andC. M., from the Queen's University, upon passing the required exam- ination. The faculty embraces nine professors and two demonstrators. Course of Instruction: The winter session of 1886-87 began on the first Monday in October, 1886, and continues six months; the summer tei m begins on the 18th of April. The course of study is graded, covering four years, and fulfills the requirements of the provincial board. See excerpt from Quebec Medical Act. Requirements: For admission, "Candidates for the degree of the'university or the diploma of the college must have completed a period of four yearn' study, and passed the matriculation examination of Queen's college, which is as follows: English language, grammar and composition; arithmetic; with vulgar and decimal fractions; algebra, in- cluding simple equations: geometry, first two books of Euclid; Latin grammar and translation (Cicero, Cato Major, Virgil zEneid. Bk. 1,1-304; Ovid Fasti. Bk. I. 1-300;; natural philosophy, as in Stewart's Physics. [Graduates and matriculates in aits from any recognized university, and those who have passed the matriculation examination of the Medical Council of Ontario, are not required to pass the above matriculation examina- tion. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) thesis; 4) cer- tificates of attendance on the full course oflinstruetion.Jas above, for four years, excepting graduates in arts and those who have passed a full year's pupilage in the office of a medi- cal practitioner, of whom only three years' study is required: 5) evidence of having com- pounded medicines for a period of six months; 6) evidence of having attended six cases of midwifery. For the fellowship: 1) a degree in arts, or an equivalent examination; 2) evidence of having been engaged in the practice of the profession for five years. Fees: Registration (payable once only). $5; tuition, per session, seven chairs, $12 each; five chairs, $> each, and two chairs, $1 each; praciical anatomy, $8; hospital, $4. For graduation: diploma of licentiate, $20; degree of M. D. and C. M., *30; fellowship of college, $50. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 48 10 20.8 1878-79 14 - ■ 1879-80 - 12 - 1880-81 68 15 22+ 18s1-82 - 16 - 1882-83 48 11 23- 1883 84 105 14 13.3 1884-85 140 14 10 1885-86 160 36 22.51 Percentage of graduates to matriculates during the years reported in full, seventeen. Names of matriculates not given in announcement. 43 MEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF THE WESTERN UNIVERSITY. London, Ont. Wm. Waugh, M. D., C. M., Registrar, 447 Ridout street. Organized in 1882. First class graduated in 1883. Faculty embraces fifteen profes- sors, one demonstrator of anatomy and one lecturer. Course of Instruction: One annual graduating session of six months' duration. The session of 1886-87 began October 1,1886. The course is graded and extends over three years, but a four years' course is recommended. Lectures embrace anatomv, physiology, materia medica, chemistry, botany, histology, toxicology, therapeutics, medical jurispru- dence. sanitary science, pathology, theory and practice of medicine, theory and practice of surgery, midwifery and diseases of women and children, clinical medicine and clinical surgery, ophthalmology and otology and microscopy. Requirements: For admission, (a) certificate of graduation or matriculation in any recognized British university; (b) certificate of having passed the provincial examina- tion; (c) matriculation examination on English language, arithmetic, algebra, geometry, Latin, writing and dictation. Correct spelling and legible writing are imperative. For graduation: 1) certificate of having passed a recognized matriculation examina- tion; 2) four years'study: 3) two sessions of six months each upon anatomy, practical anatomy, practice of medicine, surgery, theoretical chemistry, midwiferc, diseases of women and children, materia medica, therapeutics, physiology, clinical medicine, clinical surgery; 4) one six months'course on medical jurisprudence; one three months' course on botany: twenty-five lectures on chemistry and toxicology; twenty-five practical de- monstrations on histology and pathology; twenty lectures on sanitary science; 5) attend- ance for at least eighteen months on the practice of some recognized hospital; 6) six months' attendance on the practice of a lying-in hospital, and charge of six cases of con- flnem' nt; 7) compounded medicines for six months; 8) good moral character; 9) twenty- one years of age. Fees: Matriculation, $5; registration, $2; six chairs, $12 each; eight chairs, $6 each, and three, $5 each; practical anatomy, $10; hospital, $5; graduation, $25. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1882-3 15 1 6 6 18*3-4 19 - 1884-5 18 2 11. 1885-6 53 7 13.2 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the years reported in full, eleven. WOMAN'S MEDICAL COLLEGE. (Affiliated with the University of Trinity College, Toronto.) Toronto, Ont. M. Barrett, M. A., M. D., President, 204 Simcoe street. Organized in 1883. The college does not confer degrees, but is intended for "the education ot ladies in the science and practice of medicine so as to fit them to undergo the examinations of the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario which are re- quired for the provincial license, and for degrees in medicine in the several univer- sities." The faculty embraces thirteen professors and a demonstrator. Course of Instruction: One annual lecture term of six months' duration, beginning on the first of October, 1886, and continuing until April 1,1887. The course is graded, and extends through three years. Lectures embrace the principles and practice of medicine and surgery, obstetrics, diseases of women and children, materia medica, botany, anatomy, microscopy, sanitary science, medical jurisprudence, toxicology, chemistry, ophthalmology, otology and sani- tary science. Requirements: For admission, certificate of having passed the matriculation exam- ination of the provincial board. Graduates in arts, or students having matriculatedin arts in any recognized university in Her Majesty's Dominions, are exempt. For graduation: 1) four years'study; 2) four courses of lectures of six months dura- tion; if a graduate in arts three courses; 3) two courses of six months each upon anatomy, dissection, physiology, histology, ehemi-try, materia medica, therapeutics, principles and practice of medicine and surgery; midwifery, diseases of women and children, and clinical medicine and surgery; one six months' course on medical jurisprudence; one course of three months upon practical chemistry, toxicology, botany, pathology and hygiene; 4) dissect the whole human body; 5) six months' practice in compounding medi- cines; 6) twenty-four months' attendance on hospital; 7? six cases of midwifery. 44 Fees: For eight chairs, including practical anatomy, $12 each; normal histology, pathological histology, $8 each; medical jurisprudence, practical chemistry, clinical medi- cine and clinical surgery, $6 each; sanitary science, botany, $5 each. Registration, once only, $5. Third course on any branch, free. KINGSTON WOMEN'S MEDICAL COLLEGE. (Affiliated with Queen's University.) Kingston, Ont. M. Lavell, M. D., President of the Faculty. Organized in 1883. Degree of doctor of medicine conferred by Queen's University, upon passing the required examinations. The faculty embraces eight professors, in addition to which two professors of Queen's College give instructions in chemistry and botany. Course of Instruction: The session of 1886-87 began the first Monday in October, 1886. The course of lectures, which will continue for six months each session, "will be equivalent in all respects to the ordinary winter course delivered in other medical col- leges, and as such will be accepted in proceeding to the degree of M. D. in Queen's Uni- versity." Lectures embrace obstetrics and diseases of women and children: principlesand practice of surgery; materia medica and therapeutics; medical jurisprudence and sani- tary science; theory and practice of medicine; physiology and histology; anatomy, de- scriptive and surgical; chemistry, botany, practical anatomy, clinical surgery, clinical medicine. Requirements: For admission, "Before entering the student must decide where she intends to practice medicine. If in Ontario, then she should, before entering college, either pass the teacher's third-class certificate examination, with Latin included, or she should matriculate in arts in some university in Her Majesty's Dominions. If outside of Ontario, then she must, not later than the beginning of her second session, pass the ma- triculation examination of Queen's University, which includes English language, gram- mar and composition, arithmetic, algebra, geometry, Latin grammar, natural phil- osophy." For graduation: "The requisites for graduation will in no sense differ from what is required for the other sex, and the facilities for study will also be the same. The degree of M. D. is conferred upon students who take lectures for four years and pass therequisite examinations." Fees: Registration, once only. $5; seven chairs, $12 each; practical anatomy, $8; five chairs, $6 each; sanitary science and histology, $4 each. Except in practical anatomy, chemistry and botany, the third and subsequent courses m any branch, free. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 18'3 84 11 3 27 2 1881-85 14 2 14.2 1885-86 15 13.3 Percentage of graduates to matriculates, seventeen. McGILL UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF MEDICINE. Montreal, Que. R. Palmer Howard, M. D., Dean, 47 Union avenue. Organized in 1824 as the Montreal Medical Institut:on; became the Medical Depart- ment of McGill University in 1829. No class graduated during the Canadian Rebellion. 1837-40. The faculty embraces fourteen professors, three demonstrators, three instructors, one lecturer, and one assistant eachlto the chair of chemistry and to chair of clinical surgery. Course of Instruction: The complete course of study extends over four winter sessions of six months, and one summer session of three months in the third academic year. The collegiate year of 1886-87 began October 1, 1886, and the summer session will begin April 12, 1887. The examinations at the end of each session are arranged as follows: First year, pass examination in histology and botany; sessional examination in anatomy, chemistry and physiology. Second year, pass examination in anatomv, chemistry, practical chemistry and physiology: sessional examination in pharmacology and therapeutics. Third year, pass examination in pharmacology and therapeutics, medical jurisprudence, hygiene and pathology. Fourth year, pass examination in medicine, surgery, obstetrics, clinical medicine and clinical surgery. Requirements: For admission, see section eight of the Quebec Medical Act. 45 For graduation, see section fifteen of the Quebec Medical Act,-except that McGill re- «quires attendance on lectures for four winter sessions of six months and one summer session of three months and examinations in clinical medicine and surgery are conducted at the bedside. Fees: For first year. $69; for second year, $91; for third year, $97; for the fourth year, $65; hospital, $28; university matriculation, $5; graduation, $30; separate lecture course, $5 to $16. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 161 27 16+ 1878-79 166 37 22+ 1879-80 166 30 18 + 1880-81 168 38 22.7 1881-82 154 27 17.5 1882-83 188 30 16- 1883-84 212 34 16+ 1884-85 234 36 15.4 1885-86 237 46 19.4 Percentage of graduates to matriculates tor past nine years, eighteen. ECOLE de MEDICINE et de CHIRURGIE, (Affiliated with the University of Victoria.) Montreal. Que. L. D. Mignault, A. B., Mi. D., C. M., Registrar, 155 rue Bleury. Organized in 1843, and incorporated in 1845. Degrees were first conferred on its stu- dents in 1845. Degrees have been conferred each subsequent year. The faculty embraces eleven professors, two lecturers and two demonstrators. Course of Instruction: One annual session of six months duration, attendance, upon wliich is compulsory. Students are not received after the first month. The com- plete course extends over four years, but the law allows the student to spend the second or third year with a practitioner. An optional summer course tof two months has been added. Lectures embrace chemistry, pharmacy, toxicology, materia medica, therapeutics, midwifery, diseases of women and children, physiology, pathology, principles and prac- tice of medicine and surgery, medical jurisprudence and toxicology, botany, hygiene, his- tology and ophthalmology. Requirements: For admission, see section eight of the Quebec Medical Act. For graduation, see section fifteen of the Quebec Medical Act. Fees: Matriculation, $2; anatomy, physiology, obstetrics, chemistry and pharmacy, materia medica, pathology internal, pathology external, each chair $12. Clinical medi- cine. clinical surgery, botany, hygiene and practical anatomy, each $6; histology, $8; gen- eral hospital and maternity hospital, each $4; graduation, $30. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1881-82 Ill 5.4 1882-83 - - 1883-84 - - - 1884-85 155 26 16.7 1885-86 159 24 15+ Percentage of graduates to matriculates, for sessions reported, thirteen. Note: "The school has added to its department a veterinary course." ST. LAWRENCE SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. Quebec, Que. Organized in 1851.-Extinct, 1852. 46 LAVAL UNIVERSITY, MEDICAL DEPARTMENTS. Quebec, Que. Arthur Vallee, M. D., Secretary, 22 rue Ste. Anne. Montreal. Que. E. P. LaChappelle, M. D.,Secretary, 132 rue Ste. Laurent. Organized in 1852. The department in Quebec is the successor of the Quebec School of Medicine which was organized in 1848, and existed four years. The department in Mon- treal is known as a "Succursale," and was organized in 1878. The first class was graduated in 1855, and a class has been graduated each year since. The faculty embraces twenty-six chairs, thirteen in each school. Course of Instruction: One annual session of about thirty-five weeks' duration; attendance is compulsory; the course is graded and extends over four years. Lectures are divided into two sections, primary and final. Primary-descriptive anatomy 240 lectures, practical anatomy 180 lectures, of two hours each, microscopical anatomy and histology 120 lectures, physiology 150 lectures, general pathology 80 lectures, hygiene 60 lectures, chemistry 240 lectures, botany 60 lectures; examination at the end of this course. Final section includes materia medica and general therapeutics 240 lectures, surgical, pathology and theoretical surgery 240 lectures, medical pathology and special therapeutics 240 lectures, toxicology 240 lectures, medical jurisprudence 60 lectures, toxi- cology 60 lectures, diseases of the eye and ear 60 lectures, practical operative surgery 40 lectures, clinical surgery 180 lectures, clinical medicine 180 lectures, clinical studies of the diseases of the eye and ear 60 lectures, clinical midwifery not less than six cases, clinical study of diseases of women and children; examination at the end of this course. Requirements: For admission, see section eight of the Quebec Medical Act. For graduation, see section fifteen of the Quebec Medical Act. Fees: Annual fee, $54; diploma, $20. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 70 15 21.4 1878-79 65 9 13.8 1879-80 56 16 28 5 1880-81 97 13 13 5 1881-82 104 12 11 5 1882-83 117 26 22+ 1883-84 109 25 2'9 1884-85 85 22 25.8 1885-86 97 36 37.1 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past nine years, twenty-one. UNIVERSITY OF BISHOP'S COLLEGE, FACULTY OF MED- ICINE. Montreal, Que. F. W. Campbell, M. A., M D., Dean, 10 Phillips Place, Beaver Hall. Organized in 1870. The first class was graduated in 1871, and a class has been grad- uated each year since. The faculty embraces thirteen professors, one lecturer and a demonstrator of anat- omy. Course of Instruction: One annual session extending from October 5, 1886, to the end of March, 1887. The course is graded and extends over three years (a four years' course is advised) as follows: First year, anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia med- ica, histology, botany, hygiene, dissections and clinics. Second year, same as first year except botany, hygiene and histology omitted and midwifery added. Third year, medi- cine, surgery, pathology, obstetrics, gynecology, medical jurisprudence, clinics. Fourth year, same as third, except pathology and medical jurisprudence omitted, and ophthalmol- ogy added. Requirements: For admission, see section eight Quebec Medical Act. For graduation, see section fifteen Quebec Medical Act. Fees: Registration each session, $4; seven chairs, $12 each; one, $10; practical his- tology, $16; five chairs, $6; practical anatomy, $10; practical chemistry, $12; degrees (C. M.„ M. D.) $20; registration of degree, $5; hospitals, $44. 47 Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at'each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 43 10 23+ 1878-79 30 9 « 30 1879-80 28 6 21.4 1880-81 31 5 16+ 1881-82 55 6 10.9 1882-83 34 3 8.8 188:1-84 39 10 25.8 1884-85 23 4 17 3 1815-86 21 4 17.3 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past nine years, eighteen. Nova Scotia. HALIFAX MEDICAL COLLEGE. (Affiliated with Dalhousie Un iversity A Halifax, N. S A. W. H. Lindsay. M. D., Registrar, 241 Pleasant street. Organized in 1867 as the Halifax School of Medicine, united tha same year with D a- housie University as its Medical Faculty, separately incorporated under its pre-ent title in 1876, affiliated with Dalhousie University in 1885. [See Medical Department, Dalhousie University.] First class graduated in 1872, classes graduated in each subsequent year except 1873. [A letter from the Registrar announces that there was no class during the winter of 1885-86 and that no lectures will be given during 1886-87.] Being now affiliated with Dalhousie University the medical college refrains from conducting degree examinations or confer- ring degrees, both being left to the University. . Faculty embraces eight professors, six lecturers and instructors, and two demon- strators. Course of Instruction: One annual course of six months duration beginning in last week of October; attendance ascertained regularly.and certified at end of session. Lectures embrace principles and practice of medicine, clinical medicine, obstetrics, gynecology, principles and practice of surgery, clinical surgery, physiology, anatomy, ermatology, botany, diseases of children, practical chemistry, materia medica, thera- peutics, microscopy, pharmacy, medical jurisprudence, toxicology, insanity and public hygiene. Requirements: For admission as an undergraduate, a) certificate of having passed the matriculation examination of the Nova Scotia Medical Board. Compulsory: English language, including grammar, composition and writing from dictation; arithmetic, in- cluding vulgar and decimal fractions and the extraction of the square root; algebra to the end of simple equations: geometry,-first three books of Euclid; Latin, one book,- translation and grammar. Elementary mechanics of solids and fluids. And one of the following optional subjects: History of England, with questions in modern geography. French translation: German translation; one Greek book; History of Nova Scotia; His- tory of the Dominion of Canada, b) certificate of having passed either of the medical matriculation examinations of Dalhousie University, Exemptions: a degree in arts or science from any chartered university or college exempts from further preliminary ex- amination. The matriculation, sessional and degree examinations of any regularly char- tered university or college, and the preliminary examination of any medical licensing board authorized by law in Her Majesty's Dominions, are recognized pro tanto. Persons are also admitted as general students without any preliminary examination, but such at- tendance does not qualify for graduation. For graduation: Students of the Halifax Medical College receive the degrees M. D., C. M., from Dalhousie University. For requirements, see Medical Department Dalhousie University, Fees: Registration, annual $2.09 (or perpetual $5.00); matriculation examination (Nova Scotia Medical Board), $10.00; lectures, $12.00 each class, except practical anatomy, clinical medicine, clinical surgery, medical jurisprudence, $8.00 each, and practical chemistry, practical pharmacy, botany, $6.00 each. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages'of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 29 2 6- - 1878-79 36 3 8+ 1879-80 37 2 5.4 1880-81 35 o 5.7 1881-82 37 1 2.7 1882-83 41 3 7+ 1883-84 34 5 14.7 1884-85 32 1 3 1 Percentage of graduates to matriculates, for eight years, six. 48 DALHOUSIE UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF MEDICINE. Halifax, N. S. Geo. Lawson, Ph. D„ LL. D , Secretary of the Senatus of the University. Organized in 1867 with full teaching staff and maintained until 1876; incorporated as the Halifax Medical College in 1876. Reorganized under its present title in 1885, mainly as an examining body. Teaching is provided inthe University in chemistry and botany. In professional subjects students obtain instruction at the Halifax Medical College, which is affiliated with the University. Matriculation Examinations.-I. Candidates for medical degrees must give evi- dence of having obtained a satisfactory general education before entering upon the course of study qualifying for the degrees, by passing either one or other of the matricu- lation examinations of this faculty or some other examination recognized by the senate as sufficient. II. The following are the subjects of the Lower Matriculation Examination: 1.) Eng- lish language, including grammar and composition,-the examination being such as to test the ability of the candidate; 2) Latin including grammar, translation from specified authors and translation of easy passages not taken from such authors; 3) elements of mathematics, comprising a) arithmetic-including vulgar and decimal fractions; b) algebra -including simple equations; c) geometry-including the first book of Euclid or the sub- jects thereof; 4) elementary mechanics of solids and fluids, comprising the elements of statics, dynamics anu hydrostatics,-as treated in Blaikie's Elements of Dynamic-! (Thin. Edinburgh); 5) oneof the following subjects: «) Greek, including translation* from the orig- inal and grammar; b) French, including translation* from the original and grammar; c) German, including translation* ^rom the original and grammar; d) logic, as in Jevons' Elementary Lessons in Logic! (Mac millan & Co ); e) elementa-y chemistry;/) botany. III. The following are the subjects of the higher matriculation examination: 1) Eng- lish language, as in lower examination; 2) English History: 3) modern geography; 4) Latin; the subjects of the lower examination together with translation of easy English sentences into Latin prose. Text-book: Smith's Principia Latina,* Part IV, Exs. 1-35; 5) elements of mathematics, as in rhe lower examination; 6) elementary mechanics of solids and fluids, as in the lower examination; 7 and 8) any two of the following subjects: a Greek; thesub- jects of the lower examination together with the translation of easy English sentences into Greek prose; b) French: the subjects of the lower examination together with transla- tion of easy English sentences into French; c) German: the subjects of the lower examina- tion together with translation of easy English sentences into German; d) natural philoso- phy: as in Balfour Stewart's Elementary Physics!(Macmillan& Co.); c) logic: Jevons' Ele- mentary Lessons in Logic! (Macmillan & Co.). IV. These examinations will be held on the 14th-18th of October, 1886, inthe college library. They wil 1 be conducted by the instructors of the arts faculty. Persons who wish to appear as candidates are required to give notice to the secretarj' of the senatus at least fourteen days before the date of examinati >u (stating in such notice whether they are candidates for the lower or higher examination, and specifying the elective subjects in which they wish to be examined), to eater their names in the register of candidates, and to pay a fee of ten dollars. V. The lower examination satisfies the requirements of the General Medical Council of Great Britain as to the Preliminary examination which must be passed by persons wishing to register as medical students; and as the examinations of this university are recognized, by the council pro tauto, a certificate of having passed the above examination will enable the holder thereof to register as a medical student in Great Britain without further examination. The higher examination satisfies the requirements of the Univer- sity of Edinburgh in the same respect. Certificates will be issued to candidates showing the subjects in which they passed and the extent to which their knowledge of these sub- jects was tested. VI. A certificate of the possession of a university degree in arts or of having passed the matriculation examination of the Provincial Medical Board of Nova Scotia shall be considered by this university sufficient evidence of satisfactory general education. Degree Examinations -Candidates for the Degree of M.D.,and C.M., shall be required to pass two examinations-the Primary and the Final M. D., C. M., examinations, and to have satisfied at the dates of the examinations certain conditions as to the attendance on classes, etc. Primary M. D , C. M., Examinations.-I. Candidates for this examination shall be re- quired to produce certificates to the following effect: 1.) of having passed the matricu- lation examination, or other examination recognized as sufficient, at least two academic years previously, and of having completed their sixteenth year at the date of passing said examination; 2.) of having, after passing the matriculation or other equivalent examina- tion, attended the Halifax Medical College or in some school of medicine approved by the senate, two courses of 100 lectures each, in each of the following subjects, viz:-Ana- tomy, chemistry, materia medica. and physiology; and two courses of instruction ot the same duration in practical anatomy, in the course of which they shall have dissected the whole body (i. e., the head and neck and upper and lower extremities) at least twice; 3,) of having, after passing the matriculation examination, attended either in this univer- sity, in the Halifax Medical College, or in some other university or college approved by *The following books are prescribed for October, 1885: In Greek, Xenophon's Anabasis, Book I, or Book VI; in French, Voltaire's Charles XII., Books I and II; in German, Adler's Beader, Zweiter Absehnitt, Nos. 11-17 (inclusive). tThese books are mentioned to show the extent of knowledge expected. Other books may of course be used by candidates. 49 "the senate,r ne course of instruction of fifty lessons each, in each of the following sub- jects, viz:-Botany and practical chemistry; 4.) either of having, after passing the matricu- lation examination, attended at the Halifax Medical College or at some college approved by the senate, one course of instruction of fifty lessons in practical pharmacy, or of having had three months' practice in the dispensing of drugs with a recognized apothe- cary or dispensing medical practitioner. IL Candidates shall be required to pass written and oral examinations in chemistry (including practical chemistry;, botany, anatomy (including practical anatomy), physi- ology and materia medina (including practical pharmacy). III. Candidates may appear for examination in botany one academic year after passing the matriculation examination on presentation of the certificates specified above so far as they apply to this subject. IV. The Primary MD., C. M., examinations will be held in the third week of April. Candidates are required to transmit the certificates specified above to the secretary of the senate at least fourteen days before the date of the examination, to enter their names in the register of undergraduates of the university before the date of the examination, and to pay before the date of the examination half the amount of the graduation fee. Should the candidate fail to pass, the fee will not be returned to him. but he will be ad- mitted to any one subsequent primary examination without fee. Final M.D.. C.M. Examination.-I. Candidates for this examination shall be required to furnish certificates to the following effect, viz: 1) that they have completed their twenty-first year or that they will have done so on or before the day of graduation. This certificate shall be signed by themselves; 2.) of having passed the primary M.D., C.M., examination at this university, or having passed the same examination at the Halifax Medical College prior to its affiliation with this university, or having been admitted to the standing of an under-graduate who has passed this examination on certificates from recognized medical schools; 3) of either (a) having attended during four academic years at least two courses of lectures per year in subjects of the primary and final M.D., O.M., examination either in this university or at the Halifax Medical College, or at some other recognized medical school, or (b) having spent one calendar year in the study of medicine in the office or offices of one or more registered medical practitioners, and having sub- sequently attended during three academic years courses of lectures as above; 4.) of having attended at least two courses of lectures during at least one academic year at the Halifax Medical College, and of having paid the fees for one course of lectures in each of the subjects of the M.D., C. M. examina1 ions at that college; 5.) of havipg, after passing the matriculation examination, attended at the Halifax Medical College, or at some school of medicine approved bv the senate, two courses of 100 lectures each in each of the fol- lowing subjects, viz: Principles and practice of surgery, obstetrics and diseases of women and children, and principles and practice of medicine; two courses of lectures of fifty lectures each in each of the following subjects, viz: Clinical medicine and clinical surgery; and one course of fifty lectures in medical jurisprudence; 6.) of having, after passing the matriculation examination, attended during one calendar year the practice of the provincial and city hospital or that of some other hospital approved by the senate: 7.) of having attended at least six months the practice of a lying-in hospital, approved by the college, or of having attended at lea-t six ca-es of midwifery under a recognized practitioner; 8.) of having obtained proficiency in the practice of vaccination under a recognized practitioner. II. Candidates shall be required to pass written and oral examinations in the follow- ing subjects: Principles and practice of medicine, obstetrics and diseases of women and children, principles and practice of surgery, and medical jurisprudence. The oral exami- nations in medicine and surgery shall include clinical examinations conducted at the bedside, cases being submitted for diagnosis and treatment. III. Candidates may appear tor examination in medical jurisprudence alone, three academic years after passing the matriculation examination, on presentation of the cer- tificates specified above so far as they apply to this subject. IV. This examination will be held in the third week of April. Candidates are required to transmit the certificates specified above to the secretary of the senate at least fourteen days before the date of the examination, to enter their names in the register of under- graduates before the date of the examination, and to pay on registration one-half of the amount of the graduation fee. Should the candidate fail to pass, the fee will not be re- turned to him; but he will be admitted to anyone subsequent final examination without fee. Fees: The following fees, payable by candidates for the degree of M.D., C.M., in all cases payable in advance: Registration fee, $2; matriculation examination fee, $10; chem- istry class fee, $12; chemistry laboratory fee (three months'course), $6; botany class fee, $6; graduation tee, $20. Students: Number of matriculates for 1885-86-four. Manitoba. MANITOBA MEDICAL COLLEGE. (Affiliated with the University of Manitoba ) Winnepeg Ma. James Kerb, M, D., M. Ch., Dean of the Faculty. Organized in 1883. The faculty embraces thirteen professors, one demonstrator, and one lecturer. 50 Course of Instruction: One yearly session; that of 1886-87, began October 1,1886, and will continue for six months. Lecture embrace principles and practice of medicine, principles and practice of sur- gery. obstetrics, diseases of women and children, anatomy, descriptive, surg cal and practical, physiology including histology, chemistry and chemical physics, materia med- ica and therapeutics, sanitary science, medical j(irisprudence and toxicology, clinical sur- sery, clinical medicine, ophthalmology and otology, and botany. A fellowship degree is granted. Requirements: "Every student who desires to present himself for the Fellowship Diploma must have passed a recognized matriculation examination, and spent four years in pursuit of medical studies and attended two full courses of lectures during either three or four winter sessions." Fees: Registration, $5; seven chairs, each. $12: five chairs, each, $6: botany, $5; prac tical anatomy, $8; examinations, each, $5; for final examination, when the previous ex- aminations have been passed in some institution recognized by the college, $15. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1883-84 15 - 1884-85 22 - - 1885-86 28 6 21 4 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past three years, nine COLORADO. UNIVERSITY OF DENVER, MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. Denver, Col. H. K. Steele, M. D., Dean, Steele Block. Organized in 1881. First class graduated in 1882. Toe faculty embraces twelve professors, four lecturers and a demonstrator. Course oe Instruction: The sixth annual session began on the first Wednesday of October, 1886. and closes the last Wednesday of March, 1887. The course "is divided into three series, and extends over three consecutive and annual courses of lectures." The junior, or first-year course, embraces anatomy, physiology, histology, materia medica, therapeutics and chemistry. Middle, or second-year course, embracesanatomy, phy- siology, principles and practice of medicine, principles and practice of surgery, obstet- rics and diseases of children, general pathology and pathological anatomy, materia med- ica and therapeutics, hygiene an t medical chemistry. Senior, or thu d-year course, includes principles and practice of medicine and clinical medicine, principles and prac- tice of surgery and clinical surgery, medical and surgical diseases of women and clini- cal gynecology, obstetrics, clinical obstetrics and diseases of children, ophthalmology and otology, miscroscopy, medical jurisprudence, diseases of the chest and climatology, laryngoscopy, physical diagnosis, nervous and mental diseases of the genito-urinary organs, and hygiene. Requirements: For admission, "An entrance examination will be required of all applicants for admission to the school who are not able to present a diploma from a high school or college or a certificate of proficiency from some well recognized teacher. In this examination especial attention will be paid to writing, spelling and composition." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) three years, study; 4) two full courses of lectures; 5) satisfactory examination in the seven principal branches of medical science. Fees: Matriculation,$5; lectures, $75; demonstrator, $5; dissecting material, at cost; graduation, $30. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1881-82 12 5 33+ 1882-83 21 5 23.8 1883-84 22 5 22.7 1884-85 18 4 22.2 1885-85 26 10 38.4 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past five years, twenty-nine. 51 MEDICAL DEPARTMENT, UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO. Boulder, Col. James H. Kimball, M. D., Denver, Col., Secretary of the Faculty. Organized in 1883. The faculty embraces seven professors. Course of Instruction: Graded, and extends over a term of three years, with a ses- sion of nine months in each year. Session of 1886-87 began September 8. 1886, and will end June 2,1887. Studies embrace: Firstyear, anatomy and dissection, chemistry, physiology, his- tology, materia medica, therapeutics and botany. Second year, first year's studies except botany and pathology, practice of medicine, surgery and obstetrics. Third year, practice of medicine, surgery, obstetrics, diseases of woman, diseases ot childi en. ophthalmology, otologv, clinical medicine and surgery, clinical gynecology, hygiene and public health and medical jurisprudence; oral examinations precedeeach lecture and clinic. Requirements: For admission, a literary or scientific degree, a high-school diploma, or the candidate will be required to write, in the presence of the examiner, a satisfactory application for admission, containing an account of his educational opportunities and acquirements and further undergo a thorough examination in the branches of a good English education, including mathematics and natural philosophy. Students will be ad- mitted to advanced standing upon passing successful examinations. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) a good moral character; 3) oral and written examinations satisfactory to the faculty; not less than three full years of study, including time spent with preceptor and attendance upon clinics at hospital, and lectures which shall consist of not less than three full courses. Fees: Matriculation, $5; graduation and diploma, $10; tuition free. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1883-84 8 - - 1884-85 19 2 10.5 1885-86 5 2 40 Percentage of graduates 1o matriculates for the past three years, twelve. Remarks: The three years' course is not obligatory, as the student is allowed to pre- sent himself for examination at the end of any collegiate year, which being satisfactory, the degree of Doctor of Medicine will be given, provided three years have been passed in study under a preceptor, with attendance on two full courses of lectures. By provision of the law for the government of the University, both sexes are received upon equal terms. Connecticut. MEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF YALE COLLEGE.. New Haven, Conn. Herbert E. Smith, M. D., Dean of the Faculty. Organized in 1810, as the Medical Institution of Yale College. In 1879 a new charter changed the title to the Medical Department of Yale College. The faculty consists of nine professors, and one assistant professor and demonstrator of anatomy, eight lecturers and one assistant in chemistry. Course of Instruction: Graded, extending through three years and consisting of three lecture terms annually; the first commences the first Thursday in October and con- tinues eleven weeks; the second begins three weeks after the close of the first and con- tinues twelve weeks; the third begins in April and continues eleven weeks. Lectures embrace, in the first year, general chemistry, qualitative analysis; physiolog- ical chemistry and toxicology; anatomy, dissections:normal histology; physiology. The second year, anatomy, dissections; physiology; pathology; materia medica and thera- peutics; theory and practice of medicine; clinical medicine; obstetrics: surgery; clinical surgery. Third year, pathology; theory and practice of medicine; physical diagnosis; clinical medicine: surgery; clinical surgery; obstetrics; diseases of women and children; ophthalmology; medical jurisprudence; insanity; nervous diseases; diseases of the skin; bacteriology; sanitary science and public health. Requirements: For admission, excepting graduates in medicine and those who have passed an examination for admission to Yale College or some similar institution, candidates must present a degree in letters or science from a recognized college or sci- entific school or pass a written examination in matnematics (algeora to quadratics, two books of Euclid, metric system of weights and measures) and physics (Balfour Stewart's or any equivalent elementary work). These entrance examinations are also held in Chi- cago, Cincinnati and San Francisco, on the Thursday following the June commencement. "Students not fully prepared are admitted on condition that the deficiency be made up within a reasonable time." Students of any recognized medical school or of private 52 preceptors of good standing, "may present themselves for examination three weeks be- fore commencement and enter the examinations ot the first one or two years, as they see fit"-the result of such examination determining their admission. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age: 2) good moral character: 3i three years medical study, "two of which must have been in a recognized medical college and th© last of which must have been at this school;" and 4) pass the required examinations in all the studies of the three years' course satisfactorily to the board of examiners. This board consists of the faculty. Fees: Matriculation (paid once only) $5; tuition for one year, $125; for the third year to those who have paid for and attended two full courses, $75; graduation, $30; anatomical material, $5 a part. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session, Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 58 10 17+ 1878-7!) 60 16 26.6 1879-80 32 12 37.5 1880-81 26 10 42+ 1881-82 21 2 9 5 1882-83 32 y , 21.9 1883-84 43 16 3 1884-85 27 6 22 + 1885-86 26 6 23 + Percentage'of graduates to matriculates for the past nine years, twenty-three. Names of matriculates and graduates not given in announcement. DAKOTA. AN ACT establishing Territorial and County Boards of Health, and providing for the Protection of the Health of Persons and Animals. Be it enacted by the Legislative Assembly of the Territory of Dako'a : Sec. 1. Territorial Board, of whom composed.] That there is hereby established a Territorial Board of Health of the Territory of Dakota, composed of a president, vice- president and superintendent of public health. The Attorney General of said Territory shall be ex-officio president of said board. Trie Governor shall appoint some suitable person, resident 01 this territory, vice-president, and he shall also appoint, by and with the advlee and consent of the council, said Superintendent of Public Health, who shall be learned in medicine, a graduate of some medical college recognized by the American Medical Association, and a resident of this Territory, and the several persons thus ap- pointed shall hold their offices tor two years, and until their successors are elected and qualified. § 2. Duties of Officers.] The president of said board shall preside at the meet- ings thereof, and the vice-president shall perform the duties of president in his absence. The Superintendent of Public Health shall be ex officio secretary ot said board. He shall keep a record of all proceedings of the Territorial Board of Health, and of his own acts as such superintendent, and he shall perform such other duties as are prescribed by this act, or may be prescribed by the Territorial board of health. The records kept by said superintendent shall be by him at all times kept open to the inspection of the public. § 3 Meetings.! The several persons composing said Territorial Board of Health shall meet at the capital of said Territory on the day of April, 1885, and they shall thereafter meet as often as once in every six months, at such place in said Territory as they may from time to time appoint. § 4. Powers and Duties.] Said Territorial Board of Health shall have power, and it shall be their duty: 1. To fix the time and place of the meeting of said board, subject only to the provis- ions of section three of this act. 2. To make rules and regulations for the government of said board, its officers and its meetings. 3. To make and enforce any and all needful rules and regulations for the prevention and cure, and to prevent the spread of any contagious, infectious or malarial diseases among persons and domestic animals. 4. To establish quarantine, and isolate any person affected with contagious or infec- tious disease. 5. To isolate, kill or remove any animal affected with contagious or infectious dis- ease. 6. To remove or cause to be removed any dead, decaying or putrid body, or any de- cayed. putrid or other substance that may endanger the health of persons or domestic animals. 53 7. To condemn and cause to be destroyed any impure or diseased article of food that may be offered for sale. 8. To superintend the several boards of health in cities, villages and towns, and the county boards ot health of the several counties. 9. To empower and direct the Superintendent of Public Health to do or cause to be done any or all the things mentioned in subdivisions lour, live, six, seven and eight, of this act. § 5. Salary, Etc., of Superintendent.] The Super intendent of Public Health shall be paid a yearly salary of live hundred dollars, in equal installments, at the end of every three months. He shall also be paid five cents per mile for every mile actually and neces- sarily traveled in the performance of his official duties, and such other sum or sums as he may necessarily pay or become liable to pay for the official books, records and papers kept by him, and for the printing ot his reports, and such circulars and blanks as may bo required for the nroper conduct of the business of his office, not to exceed in the aggre- gate the sum of three hundred dollars. The accounts of the Superintendent for his mileage and other expenses of his office shall be audited by said Territorial Board of Health, and the same together with his salary shall be paid out of the Territorial treasury. § 6. Certain Expenses Allowed.] The president and vice-president of the said Ter- ritorial Board of Health shall receive no compensation for the performance of their official duties, but they shall be paid five cents for every mile actually and necessarily traveled,, and such other necessary expenses as they may pay or incur in attending the meetings of said board, or in the performance of their duties as such officers. §7. County Board.] At the first meeting of said Territorial Board of Health, they shall appoint two persons from each county, re-idents thereof, who, with the district attorney of rhe county from which they are app'inted, shall constitute a county board of health for such county. The district attorney shall be the president of such county board of health. One of the persons so appointed from each county shall be learned in medicine, ami shall hold a license to practice medicine from the Superintendent of Public Health, who shall be superintendent of hea th in the county for which he is appointed. The other person so appointed by said board from such county shall be vice-president of the county board of health. § 8. Duties of Officers.] The president of each county board of health shall pre- side at the meetings thereof, and in his absence the vice-president shall perform the duties of president. The county superintendent of health be ex-officio secretary of the board of health of his county. The said county superintendent of health shall keep a record of all the proceedings of such board, and of his official acts, and he shall, at the end of every month, make a full report in writing to the Superintendent of Public Health of the proceedings of the county board of health and of his official acts, and shall, whenever danger to the health of persons or domestic animals is threatened, or whenever any con- tagious or infectious disease occurs in his county, either among persons or domestic animals, immediately report the same to the Superintendent of Public Health. §9. Meetings.] The several county boards of health shall meet at the county seat in their respective counties, at such time within thirty days after the appointment of the county superintendent of health as he may designate. Notice of the time and place of such meeting shall be by him given to the other members of said county board, at least five days prior to such meeting, and thereafter said county board of health shall meet at the county seat as often as once in every three months. § 10. Powers and Duties.] The several county boards of health shall have power within their respective counties, subject to the supervisory control of the lerritorial Board of Health, and the Superintendent of Public Health, to do and perform all the things mentioned in subdivisions three, four, five, six. seven and eight, of section four of this act; all expenses actually and necessarily paid or incurred by the county boards of health in carrying out the provisions of this act shall be audited by said board, and cer- tified to the county commissioners of the county where such expenses are incurred, and shall be paid the same as other county expenses are paid. § 11. Powers of Superintendent.] The county superintendent of health shall have charge of and superintend, subject to the approval of the board of which he is a member, and the supervisory control of the Territorial Board of Health and Superintendent of Public Hea th, all the mattersand things mentioned in subdivisions four, five, six and seven of section four of this act, within his county, and in case of immediate danger to the health of persons or ot domestic animals, he may act as in his judgment he may deem best without consultation with the other members of the county board of health, for the prevention of such danger, and he shall immediately report such action to the president of the county board of health, and to the Superintendent of Public Health. § 12. Compensation.! The president of the county board of health shall receive no other compensation than that which is provided for; shall receive five cents for every mile actually and necessarily traveled in the performance of his duties as a member of said board. The county superintendent of health shall receive five dollars per day for every day in which he may be actually and necessarily engaged, and five cerns per mile for every mile actually and necessarily traveled in the performance of his duties, and he shall al-o receive such other sum or sums as he mav necessarily pay, or become liable to pay, in carrying out and performing the various duties imposed upon him under the pro- visions of this act, or by the county board of health, all of which accounts for services, mileage and other expenses shad be audited by the county board of health, and certified to the county commissioners of the county, and paid as other county expenses are paid. § 13. Reports.! The Superintendent of Public Health shall, on the first day of De- cember, 1886. and biennially thereafter, make a lull report to the Governor and to the Leg- islative Assembly of the Territory of Dakota, which report shall show all that has been done by the Territorial Board of Health, and by such Superintend' nt of Public Health, during the two yeats preceding the making of such report, the number of cases treated 54 by said Superintendent of Public Health, and in each of the counties by the county su- perintendents of health, the character and extent during such time of all the contagious or infectious diseases that have been reported to said Superintendent of Public Health: and he shall also report a full statement of all expenditures by said Territorial Board of Health, and in each of the organized counties in this Territory by the county boards of of health, and he shall also report such recommendations as he may deem advisable for the better protection of the public health and the prevention and cure of contagious or infectious diseases of persons and of domestic animals. § 14. Who May Practice Medicine 1 No person shall be permitted to practice medi- cine, in any of its departments, in this Territory unless he be a graduate of a medical college, or unless upon examination before a board, composed of the Superintendent of Public Health and two other physicians to be selected by the Territorial Board of Health, such persons shall be found proficient in the practice of medicine and surgery, and shall also be found up >n proof to have been actually engaged in the practice of medicine for a term of not less than ten years, and no person shall practice medicine unless he be of good moral character, and is not an habitual diunkard. Any person possessing the quali- fications mentioned in this section, shall upon presentation of his diploma, or of proof thereof by affidavit, if the same is lo-t or destroyed,and upon the affidavit of two reputable citizens from the county where he resides that such applicant possesses the qualifica- tions of a physician as prescribed herein, to the Superintendent of Public Health, to- getherwith a fee of two dollars.receive from such Superintendent of Public Health a license, certifying the applicant to be a practicing physician, and having the qualifications for such prescribed by this section, which license shall be recorded in the office of the Reg- ister of Deeds in the county where such practicing physician resides. Any person who practices medicine or attempts to practice medicine without complying with the pro- visions of this section, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and any person shall be regarded as practicing medicine, within the meaning of this section, who shall profess publicly to be a physician and to prescribe for the sick, or who appends to his name the letters "M.D.," but nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit students from prescribing under the supervision of preceptors,or to prohibit gratuitous services in case of emergency, nor shall this section apply to commissioned surgeons in the United States army and naw. Any person violating any of the provisions of this act, or who shall pre- vent or attempt to prevent the several officers of the public health, or persons employed by them, from performing any of the duties prescribed in this act to be performed by any such officer, or any practicing physician who shall fail to report to the county superin- tendent of health the existence of any contagious or infectious disease, and any person who shall willfully conceal any case of contagious or infectious disease, either among persons or animals, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor. The district court shall, upon the complaint of any member of the Territorial Board of Health, or the county board of health where he resides, have power to cancel any license that may be issued to any person to practice medicine, where such license was fraudulently obtained, or where the person to whom such license was issued has been guilty of violating any of the provisions of this act. §15. Vacancies.] In case any vacancy shall occur in the office of vice-president or superintendent of public health, such vacancy shall be filled by appointment by the Gov- ernor, and the person so appointed to fill such vacancy shall hold for the unexpired term of office in which such vacancy occurs. In ease any vacancy occurs in the office of vice- president or superintendent of health in any of the county boards of health, the Superin- tendent of Public Health shall appoint some suitable person to fill such vacancy, and the person so appointed shall hold such office until the next meeting of the Territorial Board of Health,and until a successor to such officer has been appointed by said Territorial Board of Health. § 16. Nothing contained in this act shall in any manner affect any board of health heretofore established, or that may be hereafter established in anv city, village, or incor- porated town: Provided, however, that all such boards of health shall be under the super- intending control of the Territorial Board ot Health. Approved March 12,1885. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA * NATIONAL MEDICAL COLLEGE. (Medical Department of the. Columbian University.) Washington, D. C. A. F. A. King, M D., Dean, 726Thirteenth street. Organized in 1821, as the Medical Department of Columbian College. It was also authorized to use the title of National Medical College. In 1873 Columbian College became Columbian University. The first class was graduated in 1822. Operations were suspended from 1834 to 1838, and from 1SGI to 1863. With these exceptions, classes have been gradu- ated each year since its founding, The faculty embraces seven professors, one assistant and five demonstrators. * 1'he low percentage of graduates in the District of Columbia is owing mainly to th» fact that a large number of the matriculates are government clerks, some of whom attend four or more courses of lectures, and, of necessity, do not devote their whole time to study. 55 Course of Instruction: The curriculum of study consists of three graded annual courses of lectures. The regular yearly term began October 4,1886, and will end March 1,1887. A spring session is held during April and May. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, toxi- cology, medical jurisprudence, dermatology, ophthalmology, otology, diseases of chil- dren. and histology. Requirements: For admission, "Matriculates will be required to show that they are fitted, by previous education, for the study of medicine, and for this purpose they must either submit themselves to an examination, or in lieu thereof present a satisfactory certificate of their attainments from some college, seminary or high school." Students who have attended one course in any other regular medical school are placed on the same footing as first-course students of this college^ and those who have attended two courses are admitted to the third-year class after passing a satisfactory examination on anatomy, physiology, chemistry and materia medica. For graduation: 1) three years' study; 2i twenty-one years of age; 3) good moral character; 4) attendance on three courses of lectures, and satisfactory examinations at the end of second and third years: 5) dissection, at least two sessions; and 6) attendance on two courses of clinical instruction. Fees: Matriculation (paid once only), $5; lectures, $100; examination, primary, $20; final, $10; demonstrator, $10. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates: Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 53 6 11.3 1878-79 55 11 20. 1879-80 56 8 14.3 1880-81 44 5 11.3 1881-82 52 8 15.4 1882-83 79 10 12.6 18'3-84 78 14 17.9 1881-85 86 14 16.2 1885-86 103* 8 7.7 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past nine years, thirteen. UNIVERSITY OF GEORGETOWN, MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. Washington, D. C. J. W. H. Lovejoy, M. D., Dean, No. 900, Twelfth street, N. W. Organized in 1850. First class graduatedin 1851; classes'have been graduated each subsequent year. Faculty embraces seven professors, two clinical professors, six professors of special departments and a demonstrator. Course or Instruction: Graded,extending over three years, and consistingof didac- tic and clinical lectures, recitations, demonstrations, and of dissecting and other prac- tical manipulation during about seven months of each year. Students are divided into first, second and third year classes. The session for 1886-87 began September 20, 1886, and continues until April 24,1887. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, "chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene and state medicine, histology, medical juiisprudence, ophthalmology,otology, laryngol- ogy, diseases of children, microscopy, toxicology. Class recitations are conducted by the members of 1he faculty, one hour every week being devoted to each branch; and at the close of each session class examinations are held upon the subjects of study of each of the three classes. Requirements:! For admission, a written preliminary examination upon the ordinary branches of an English education, "for the purpose of ascerfainingwhether the candidate can profitably pursue the technical study of medicine, and of preventing those not qual- ified from wasting time and money." Graduates of colleges, high-schools and academies are exempt from this preliminary examination. Students having attended one term at other medical colleges in good standing, will be admitted to the second course upon passing the examination exacted of students at the end of the first year; and candidates presenting certificates of examination from other medical colleges in good standing are admitted to the respective higher classes without further examination. For graduation: 1) good moral character; 2) twenty-one years of age; 3) not less than three years' study; 4) three full courses of instruction; 5) two courses of practical anat- omy. Fees: Matriculation, (paid but once), $5: first class (four tickets). $60; second class (seven tickets), $105; third class (three tickets), $45; demonstrator, $10; examination lee (final), $15. *Not including three graduates who matriculated. 56 Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at; each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 40 4 10 1878-79 38 6 16- 1879-80 54 13 24 + 1880-81 43 5 11.6 1881 82 30 7 23 3 18-2-83 27 4 15- 1883-84 34 7 20 5 1881-85 35 11 31.4 1885-86 30 10 33.3 Percentage of graduates to matriculates during the past nine years, twenty. Tiemarks: Attendance on recitations is obligatory; a record is kept and each student is credited at the end of the course. HOWARD UNIVERSITY, MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. Washington, D. C. Charles B. Purvis, II. D., Secretary, 1118 Thirteenth street, N. W. Organized in 1857. The first class graduated in 1871, and classes have been graduated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces nine professors, one lecturer and a demonstrator. Course of Instruction: Comprises lectures, recitations, clinics and practical exer- cises. The annual course of lectures, beginning October 4, 1886, continues five months. Three courses of lectures are required to complete the curriculum. The student is al- lowed to devote his first term to anatomy, physiology, chemistry and materia medica. but the second must be given to all the subjects. The school has a summer session of six weeks beginning in April. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, pharmacy and botany, microscopy, dental surgery and toxicol- ogy. Requirements: For admission, matriculates must be of good moral character; present a diploma from some good literary or high school, or a first-grade teacher's cer- tificate, or pass an examination in the English branches. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) three years' study including three courses ofleciures; 3) attended clinical lectures and dissections; 4) written and oral ex- amination on required branches. Fees: Matriculation,$10; demonstrator, $9; lectures, .$50; graduation, $30. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 26 9 31 + 1878-79 30 10 33+ 1879-80 31 13 42- 183»-81 81 13 16+ 18S1-82 91 16 17 + 1882-83 87 31 35 + 1883-84 9> XJ J 24.4 1881-85 85 21.4 1885-86 102 2) 19.6 Percentage of graduates to matriculates during the past nine years, twenty-five. MEDICAL DEPARTMENT, NATIONAL UNIVERSITY. Washington, D. C. H. H. Barker, M. D., Dean, 1116 H street, N. W. Organized in 1881. The faculty consists of seven professors, one demonstrator and one lecturer. Course of Instruction: The third annual session began on the first Monday in October, 18&6, and will end the last Thursday in April, 1887. Instructions will be given by lectures, recitations, clinics and practical exercises. "It is deemed advisable to divide the course of studies into three year s, advancing the student as he passes the required examination of his respective class." Students who have begun their professional studies elsewhere are admitted to advanced standing upon passing the necessary examination. 57 Lectures embrace: First year-anatomy, physiology, general chemistry and materia medica; Second year-practical and topographical anatomy, practical chemistry and toxicology, materia medica and therapeutics, physiology, hygiene, practice of medicine, surgery, and obstetrics: Third year-practice of medicine, pathological anatomy, surgery, obstetrics and the diseases of women and children, and medical jurisprudence. Requirements: For admission. "All candidates must pass an examination in Eng- lish, or present a certificate of proficiency in the same from some recognized institution of learning." For graduation: 1) three years'study; 2) satisfactory examination in all the subjects of the three years'course, "the last of which must have been in this college:" 3) certifi- cate of demonstrator that the necessary dissections of the human body have been made. Fees: Matriculation (once), $5; lectures, $100; demonstrator, $10; graduation, $30. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent 1884-85 9 1 11 1885-8 10 1 0 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for last two sessions, ten. Names of matriculates and graduates for session of 1885-86 not given in announce- men FLORIDA. UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. Jacksonville, Fla. T. O. Summers, M. D., Dean. Organized in 1883. Removed from Tallahassee to Jacksonville in 1885.-No longer a graduating, but simply a preparatory school. GEORGIA. MEDICAL COLLEGE OF GEORGIA. [Medical Department, University of Georgia.) Augusta, Ga. Edward Geddings, M.D., Dean of the Faculty. Organized in 1829, as a Medical Academy, and has been in constant operation ever since, except during the period of the war. In 1873 it became the Medical Department of the State University of Georgia. The faculty embraces seven professors, one professor of special subjects, four clinical assistants and two demonstrators of anatomy. Course of Instruction: One course of lectures annually, beginning on the first Monday in November, and ending on the first of March. Graded course of three terms- recommended, but not required. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, medical jurisprudence, ophthalmology, otology and pharmacy. Requirements: For admission, none. For graduation: "A candidate for the degree of Doctor of Medicine must have attended two full courses of lectures in this or some other college in good standing, and pass a satisfactory examination on all the branches taught in this institution." Fees: Matriculation (paid once only), $5: tickets. $75; practical anatomy (paid once only), $10; diploma, $30. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 48 19 38.9 1882-83 - 23 18s3-84 85 37 43 5 1881-85 77 34 44.1 1885-86 88 36 40.9 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the years reported in ia\\, forty-two, 58 SOUTHERN BOTANICO-MEDICAL COLLEGE. Forsyth-Maccn, Ga. Organized in 1839 at Forsyth. Removed to Macon in 1816. First class graduated in 1841, and classes were graduated every year until 1854. when the name was changed to the Reform Medical College of Georgia-ride infra. THOMPSONIAN COLLEGE. Barbourville, Ga. Organized about 1850.-Extinct. SAVANNAH MEDICAL COLLEGE. Savannah, Ga. Organized in 1853. Suspended during the civil war, 1861-66.-Extinct since 1880. REFORM MEDICAL COLLEGE OF GEORGIA. Macon, Ga. Organized in 1854, as the successor of the Southern Botanico-Medical College-ride supra. Classes were graduated every year until 1861; suspended during the civil war; resumed in 1867; classes graduated in 1868 and each subsequent year until 1874, when the school assumed the name of the College of American Medicine and Surgery-which see. ATLANTA MEDICAL COLLEGE. Atlanta, Ga. James A. Gray, M. D., Proctor of the College. Organized in 1854. Closed during the rebellion, 1861-65. Reorganized in 1865. Classes were graduated from 1855 to 1861, inclusive, and each subsequent year. The faculty embraces eight professors, one assistant, three lecturers and one demon- strator. Course of Instruction: One course of lectures annually; the twenty-eighth session of which extends from October 7, 1886, to March 1,1887. A graded course of three years is recommended but not required. CT Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics, gynecology and diseases of the eye and ear. Instruction is also given in venereal diseases, diseases of the throat, minor surgery, and in laboratory work in chemistry. Requirements: For admission, none. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) three years' study; 4) two full courses of lectures; 5) thesis, or a report of any of the clinics; 6) satis- factory examination on subjects mentioned above. Fees: Matriculation. $5; demonstrator, $10; full course, $75; graduation, $30. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 88 23 26+ 1878-79 125 34 27+ 1879-80 101 43 42 + 1880-81 93 31 33+ 1881-82 135 56 41 + 1882-83 126 39 31- 1883-84 114 48 42.1 1884-85 88 38 43.1 1885-86 109 38 34.8 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past nine years, thirty-five. 59 OGLETHORPE MEDICAL COLLEGE. Savannah, Ga. Organized in 1855, and continued its sessions until 1861.-Extinct. COLLEGE OF AMERICAN MEDICINE AND SURGERY. Atlanta, Ga. Organized in 1874 as successor to the Reform Medical College at Macon. Removed to Atlanta in 1881-vide supra. The first class under this name was graduated in 1874. There was no graduating class in 1877, '78, '79, '80 or '81. During the session of 1882-3 there was a class of 24 matriculates, of whom 14 were graduated at the close of the session; percentage of graduates to matriculates, fifty-eight. In 1884 the charter and effects of this institu- tion were transferred to the Georgia College of Eclectic Medicine and Surgery. GEORGIA COLLEGE OF ECLECTIC MEDICINE AND SURGERY. Atlanta, Ga. Joseph Adolphus, M. D., Dean of the Faculty. Organized in 1877 as the Georgia Eclectic Medical College. After acquiring the charter ■of the College of American Medicine and Surgery, it assumed its present name in 1886 by virtue of an act passed by the State Legislature. The first class graduated in 1877, and classes have been graduated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces eight profes- sors and one demonstrator. Course of Instruction: One course of lectures annually. The session of 1886-87 began on the first Monday in October, 1886, and continues until the first week in March, 1887. Daily quizzes are held by the faculty. Each member of the graduating class is re- quired to present, once a week, a thesis on some subject already covered by the lectures, and to defend the same. Lectures embrace physiology, anatomy, chemistry, toxicology, surgery, materia mediea. theory and practice of medicine, medical jurisprudence, nervous and venereal diseases, obstetrics, diseases of women and children. Requirements: For admission, none. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) two full courses of lectures; 4) thesis; 5) must have dissected the best part of the term; 6) "must have been diligent in attending the lectures and clinics;" 7) "thorough examination on the respective branches taught in the college." Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $70; demonstrator, $5; graduation, $25. Dissection mateiial at cost. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1881-82 81 24 29.6 1882-83 67 18 27- 1883-84 62 17 27.4 1884-85 69 13 18.8 1885-66 63 10 16. Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past five years, twenty-four. Names of matriculates not given in announcement. SOUTHERN MEDICAL COLLEGE. Atlanta, Ga. Wm. Perrin Nicholson, M. D.. Dean, P. O. Box No. 234. Organized 1879. Faculty embraces eight professors, four lecturers, one assistant to the chair of anatomy and demonstrator. Course of Instruction: One annual lecture course, the current session beginning October 5, 1886, and continuing until the first week in March, 1887. Hospital and di-pen- sary clinics are given, and quizzes by the professors to such students as desire them. Lectures embrace principles and practice of medicine, obstetrics, diseases of women and children, physiology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, surgery, anatomy, materia mediea, therapeutics, toxicology, diseases of the eye, ear and throat, chemistry, venereal diseases, dermatology, and dental surgery. 60 Requirements: For admission, none. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) two full courses of lectures; 4) "he must have dissected the different parts of the body in this or some other regular school;" 5) "must undergo a personal and satisfactory examination be- fore the faculty-examination must occur at close of session except in cases of pressing necessity, and then only by unanimous consent of the faculty;" 6) thesis, or report of clinic. Fees: Matriculation (paid once), $5; tickets, full course, $75; demonstrator, $10; diplo- ma, $30. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1879-80 64 8 12+ 1880-81 105 38 36+ 1881-82 126 37 29+ 1882-83 104 37 35+ 1883-84 86 27 31.4 1884-85 89 31 34.8 1885-86 82* 34 41.4 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the years reported, thirty-two. *Not including seven graduates who matriculated. CLARK UNIVERSITY, MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. Atlanta, Ga. David Moury, M. D., Dean Chartered in 1886.-Organization not complete. ILLINOIS. ILLINOIS STATE BOARD OF HEALTH. Springfield, Ill. John H. Rauch, M. D., Secretary of the Board. Organized July, 1877. Consists of seven members, appointed by the Governor of the State, for terms of seven years each. Its relations with medical education and medical colleges arise from the duties devolved upo > it. and the powers and authority vested in it. by the Act to Regulate the Practice of Medicine In the State of Illinois, approved May 29, 1877; in force July 1, 1877. Among such duties, powers and authority are the examina- tion and verification of diplomas presented as the basis for certificates entitling their lawful holders to practice medicine within the State, and the issue of such certificates; the determination of the standing of legally chartered medical institutions; the exami- nation of non graduates as to their qualifications as practitioners, and the issue of cer- tiflcates or licenses to practice to such as pass satisfactory examinations; the tefusal of certificates to individuals guilty of unprofessional or dishonorable conduct, and the revo- cation of certificates for like causes. The law also appl es to midwives. Since its organization, and up to the date of this revision, October 11,1886, the Board has examined and verified the diplomas and licenses of 237 institutions and licensing bodies. 01 this number it has definitely rejected the diplomas of 24 institutions on ground of fraud or other gross invalidity; it has required the diplomas of 26 other insti- tutions to be supplemented by examination; and it has issued certificates based on the diplomas of legally-chartered medical institutions in good standing to 7414 practi'ion- ers, and to 88 others on diplomas supplemented by examination. These last (the 88) have only been issued since the enforcement, of the Schedule of Minimum Requirements; that is, to graduates of the sessions since 18s2-83. Of the total number of applicants for certificates on diplomas 1990 were rejected, or withdrew their applications, or were unable to complete them, or in some other manner failed to comply with the requirements of the law; and these, as a rule,either abandoned practice or left the State. In a number of cases, however, the rejected or defective can- didates subsequently attended lectures at a reputable medical college, were graduated therefrom, and certificates were Issued them upon their diplomas. The foregoing figures and comments refer only to applicants for certificates based upon diplomas, and do not embrace the non-graduates and exempts. Including these the law has applied to a total of nearly 13,000 individuals, exclusive of midwives. 6f this number there are now in nractice in the State, in round numbers, about 6000 physicians,! classified as follows: 1. N m-exempt graduates holding certificate' based upon diplomas of legally chartered medical institutions in good standing as defined by the Board. 2. Ex- empt graduates, many of whom have taken out certificates although not so required by +The last Official Register accounts for a total of 6065, to 5915 of whom the certificate of the Board had been issued. 61 the law. 3. Graduates since the sessions of 1882-83, whose diplomas were required to be supplemented by examination in order to conform to the standard of Minimum Require- ments of the Board. 4. Non-graduates who have passed the examination prescribed by the law. 5. Non-graduates exempt by reason of having been' engaged in practice in the State upwards of 19 years. The number of rejected applicants shows a diminution of late years as the require- ments of the law come to be more clearly defined and more generally understood. For the entire period the percentage of rejections and withdrawals has been a fraction over 20; but during the past two years they have averaged about 19 per cent.-in 1884 there were 117 in 597 applicants, and in 1885 there were 114 in 575 applicants. Refusals of certifi- cates are based upon one or more of the following grounds: 1. Failure to present a diploma from a legally-chartered medical institution in good standing as defined by the Board. 2. Failure to sustain a satisfactory examination sufficiently s o test the cations of the candidate for the practice of medicine. 3. Personal or professional antecedents, habits or association, warranting the charge of unprofessional and dishonorable conduct. 4. Proved intent to practice in an unprofessional and dishonorable manner, as by claiming to cure incurable maladies; to possess unusual skill, experience or facilities; and similar claims involving deceit and fraud upon the public. The Board has revoked 41 certificates for unprofessional and dishonorable conduct. Non graduate applicants for license to practice in Illinois are required to submit to examination, in accordance with the following provisions of the Medical-Practice Act: The Stats Board of Health * * * shall receive through its Sjcretary applications for eertiil :ates and examinations. * * * * if not a graduate, the person practicing medicine in this State shall present himself before said Board, and submit himself to such examination as said Board shall require; and if the examination be satisfactory to the examiners, the said Board shall issue its certificate in accordance with the facts, and the lawful holder of such certificate shall be entitled to all the rights and privileges herein mentioned. § 3 * * * It shall prepare two forms of certificates, one for persons in possession of diplomas or licenses, the other for candidates examined by the Board; and shall fur- nish to the county clerks of the several counties a list of all persons receiving certificates. § 8. Candidates for examination shall pay a fee of five dollars, in advance, which shall be returned to them if a ceitiflcate be refused. § 9. Examinations may be made wholly or in part in writing, and shall be of an ele- mentary and practical character, but sufficiently strict to test the qualifications of the candidate as a practitioner. All examinations of persons not graduates or licentiates must be made directly by the Board, and the certificates given by the Board authorize the possessor to practice medicine and surgery in the State of Illinois. Where the candidates have any special views of theory and practice of medicine or of therapeutics, respect is paid to such views, and they are allowed, upon request, to appear before individual members of the Board for special examination in such branches. Ex- aminations are conducted in the English language. If made in another language, inter- preters must be furnished at the expense of the applicant. All candidates must pass a preliminary examination, such as is indicated in the "Min- imum Requirements," and must fill out the following: Application for Examination before the Illinois State Board of Health, under the Act to Regulate the Practice of Medicine in the State of Illinois. 1. Name in full 2. Nativity and age-(must be at least twenty-one years of age). 3. Residenceandpostoffi.ee 4. Time spent in professional studies-(must be at least three years/. 5. Physician or preceptor under whom the studies were pursued, with postoffice' ad- dress-(must be a licentiate of the Board or reputable practitioner) 6. Courses of medical lectures attended 7. Name of medical school attended-(time^spent at schools not recognized by the Board will not ba counted) 8. Time spent in hospital, if any 9. Time of practice, if any ; 10. School of practice chosen 11. References as to character (must present certificate of good character from two licentiates of the Board or other reputable practitioners) Approved 188.... President of the Board, Subjects of Examination. 1) anatomy; 2) materia medica: 3) theory and practice; 4) gynecology; 5) physiology; <>) pathology; 7) obstetrics; 8) chemistry; 9) surgery; 10) hygiene; 11) medical jurispru- dence. Eighty per cent, of correct answers required. We have examined this applicant and find him to stand as above. Signed by the members of the Board. 62 Number of candidates examine! 701. Number of candidates licensed 230. Of these two-thirds have since graduated. These examinations are independent of those of graduates of colleges that do not fully comply with the Schedule of Minimum Requirements of the Board, and which ex- aminations are confined to the branches or subjects omitted by the given college. At the April, 1886, meeting of the Board the following preamble and resolution was adopted: Whereas, The continuous graduation of forty-five (45) per cent, of the total number of matriculates of a medical college-due allowance being made for the average annual loss -must be accepted as prima facie evidence that, practically, every candidate Is graduated without regard to competency or qualification; therefore be it Resolved, That no medical college be recognized as in good standing within the mean- ing and intent of the Act to Regulate the Practice of Medicine in the State of Illinois, the aggregate graduates of which college amount to forty-five (45) per cent of its aggregate matriculates during any period of five (i) years ending with a session subsequent to the session of 1885-86. An examination of this Report will show the wide range of these percentages and the varying characteristics of the schools-conditions which bear a close relation to each other. RUSH MEDICAL COLLEGE. Chicago,Ill. James H. Etheridge. A. M., M. D., Secretary, 1634 Michigan avenue. Organized in 1812. First class graduatedin 1843, and classes have been graduated each subsequent year. Faculty embraces twelve professors, three professors of special departments, and eighteen adjunct professors, lecturers, assistantsand demonstrators. Course of Instruction: "Instruction is given in this institution by lectures, clinics, practical work in the dissecting room and laboratories, and by repeated oral examina- tions. The faculty desire that as many as possible of the matriculates shall pursue their studies in the college through three winter and three spring terms. To encourage this more extended curriculum of college study, fl ml examinations in descriptive anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics are open to three years' students at the end of the second winter session." The forty-fourth [winter] session began Sep- tember 21,1886, and continues twenty-one weeks. The spring session, 1887, begins Feb- ruary 22,1887, and continues sixteen weeks. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica, surgery, princi- ples and practice of medicine, obstetrics, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, genito-urinary diseases, diseases of women and children, dermatology and venereal diseases, ophthal- mology, otology, laryngology, dental pathology and surgery, and toxicology, and one course of practical pathology and physiology. Requirements: For admission, "A matriculation examination which will include the writing of a brief paperon a subject to be given; and an examination in the eb-mentary principles of physics and mathematics as taught in the public schools of the country will be required. The written paper will be sufficient indication of the student's knowledge of orthography, as well as of the subject given. Graduates of a literary or scientific col- lege, academy or high school, or who have passed the entrance examination to a literary college In ^ood standing; or persons having a State tor county teacher's certificate; or graduates in medicine; or previous matriculates of this college; or students who desire to pursue a special course of study-other than for the purpose ot securing the degree-will be exempt from examination. Students who have completed a full course of study equiv- alent to that required for admission to this college, may, by special arrangement, be ad- mitted on the certificates of their instructors." For graduation: 1' twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) three years' study: 4) two full courses of lectures: "The lectures of the spring term cannot be consid- ered as a course of lectures in this requirement:" 5) clinical instruction for two terms; 6) dissection of each region of the body; 7) one course in practical chemistry; 8) one practical course in the laboratory of physiology and pathology;9) full and satisfactory examination on each branch taught in the college. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $80: demonstrator, $10; clinical laboratory. $5; labora- tory of physiology and p ithology, $5; final examination. $30. The materials for laboratory work are furnished at cost price. For the annual spring course-matriculation, $5: lec- tures $20; (this amount will be deducted from the fees of the next following winter ses- sion); chemistry, $5; demonstrator, $■>; hospital and infirmary. $5. "Graduates oi the col- lege are admitted on the payment of the matriculation fee only: graduates of other regu- lar medical colleges on payment of matriculation fee and ten dollars." 63 Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. * * Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 379 128 33.8 1''78-79 364 122 33 5 1879-80 481 147 30.5 1880-81 559 172 30.7 1881-82 583 185 31.7 1882-83 549 183 88 3 1883-84 451 166 36 8 1884-85 419 150 35 8 1885-86 404 156 38.6 Percentage of graduates to matriculates during the past nine years, thirty-three. Names of matriculates not given in announcement. MEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF ILLINOIS COLLEGE. Jacksonville, Ill. Organized in 1843. Suspended lectures in 1848. Remarks: The faculty, as given in the catalogues and announcements still extant, embraced six professors, these of whom resided at Jacksonville, one at Springfield, one at Alton, and one at Geneva, Kane county; and who lectured on chemistry, physical aeti- ology, obstetrics, diseases of women and children, surgical and pathological anatomy, surgery, principles and practice of medicine, materia medica, therapeutics, anatomy and physiology. The course of lectures was of sixteen weeks'duration. The fees were: lec- tures, $60; dissection, $5; matriculation, $3; graduation, $20. The requirements for graduation were: 1) thorough course of study with some prac- titioner, (this course, according to the last catalogue, must extend over three years); 21 two full courses of lectures-provided, however, that several years of reputable expe- rience in the practice of medicine may be accepted in the place of one course of lectures; 3) full and satisfactory examination in all the branches of medical study; 4) thesis. Stu- dents applying for graduation were expected to possess a competent English and classi- cal education. Dissection was optional. During its existence instruction was given to about seventy-five students, and thirty- seven were graduated. MEDICAL DEPARTMENT, UNIVERSITY OF ST. CHARLES. St. Charles, Ill. Organized in 1817. One course of lectures was delivered, when the institution was transferred to Rock Island, and subsequently, in 1850, to Keokuk, Iowa, when it became the College of Physicians and Surgeons. ROCK ISLAND MEDICAL COLLEGE. Rock Island, Ill. Organized in 1848.-Extinct 1849. CHICAGO MEDICAL COLLEGE. Medical Department of the Northwestern University. Chicago, 111. Erank Billings, M. D., Secretary, 235 State street. Organized in 1859, as the Medical Department of Lind University, it continued under that name until 1864, when, severing this connection, it assumed the name of the Chicago Medical College. The school entered into its present university relations in 1869. The faculty embraces eighteen professors, four lecturers and three demonstrators. Course of Instruction: Graded, comprising three annual consecutive courses of lectures. The twenty-eighth annual session began September 28 1886, and ends March 29, 1887. Studies;-First-year course-Descriptive anatomy, physiology, histology,practi- cal microscopy and general chemistry; Second-year course-Surgical anatomy and oper- ative surgery, general pathology and pathological anatomy, materia medica and general 64 therapeutics, state medicine and public hygiene, practical obstetrics, medical chemistry, dermatology, hospital and dispensary clinics; Third-year course-Theory and practice of medicine and clinic.d medicine, principles and practice of surgery and clinical sur- gery, gynecology, diseases of children, ophthalmology and otology, nervous and mental diseases medical jurisprudence and daily attendance upon hospital aud dispensary clinics; Fourth-year course-(optional)-Clinical instruction in medicine, surgery, obstet- rics, gynecology, ophthalmology, otology, dermatology, nervous and mental diseases, med- ical jurisprudence, and more advanced work in microscopic pathology and analytical chemistry. Requirements: For admission, a certificate of graduation from a literary college, a scientific school or academy, or an examination before a committee of the faculty. Ac- credited certificates of one year's study en ii le holders to enter as second-course students after satisfactory examination in studies of first-year course. Certificates of two years' tudy and of attendance on one full course of lectures entitle to entry as third-course students after examination in studies of firstand second years. For graduation: 1) evidence of good moral character; 2) three years' study; 3) required age, twenty-one years; 4) attendance upon three courses of lectures, unless admitted to advanced standing by examination; 5) dissection of three parts of the human body; 6) one year of hospital attendance; 7) passing all examinations; 8) satisfactory thesis. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lecture fees for first and second collegiate years (the third year being free), $75; demonstrator, $10; laboratory. $5; deposit against breakage in lab- oratory, $5; hospitals, $5 and $6; final examination. $30. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 153 50 32.6 1878-79 152 37 24.4 1879-80 148 38 25.6 1880-81 152 45 32 2 1881-82 155 39 25+ 1882-83 137 42 30.6 1883-84 114 41 35.9 1884-85 119 41 34.4 1885-86 125 38 30.4 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past nine years, twenty-nine. HAHNEMANN MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL. Chicago, III. E. S. Bailey, M. D., Registrar, 3034 Michigan avenue. I Organized in 1859. The first class was ^graduated in 1860. Classes have been grad- uated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces fifteen professors, and three adjunct professors. Course of Instruction: One annual graduating course of lectures. The twenty-sev- enth regular session began September 21, 1886, and ends February 25, 1887. The plan of teaching is "largely clinical and objective." Daily and weekly quizzes are conducted by the professors in person. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine and medical jurisprudence, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, toxicology, ophthalmology and otology, histology, minor and operative surgery. Requirements: For admission-"Upon application for admission each student must present to the registrar satisfactory evidence of a good English education. 8uch as are graduates of a literary or scientific college, academy or high school, or who have passed the entrance examination to a literary college in good standing; who have a county or first-grade teacher's certificate; graduates in medicine; and students who desire to pur- sue a special course of study-other than for the purpose of securing the degree-will be exempt from this requirement, providing they furnish the documentary evidence to the registrar. Lacking such credentials from former teachers, the students must pass a fair but not a technical examination, before a committee of faculty appointed for that pur- pose. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) must have pursued the study of med- icine for at least three years, attended two full courses of lectures and d.ssected at least two parts or daring two courses; 3) candidates must pass all the regular examinations. Fees:! Matriculation, $5; lectures, $50; final examination, $25; hospital free to matricu- lates; demonstrator (including material), $10; perpetual ticket, $95. 65 Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 165 94 56 9 1878-79 197 167 34+ 1879-80 205 87 42.4 1880-81 195 100 51 + 1881-82 264 108 40.9 18S2-83 297 134 45 + 1883-84 259 113 43.6 1884-85 244 * , 93 38 1885-86 *227 +92 40 5 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past nine years, forty-three. * Not including eleven graduates who matriculated. + Not including eight upon whom the ad eundem degree was conferred. BENNETT COLLEGE OF ECLECTIC MEDICINE AND SURGERY. Chicago, Ill. Milton Jay. M. D., Dean, N. W. corner of State and Madison streets. Organized in 1868. The first class was graduated in4869. Classes have been gradu- ted each subsequent year.; The faculty consists of fourteen professors, one demonstrator and two lecturers. Course of Instruction: Extends over two annual lecture terms, but students elect- ing a three years' graded course will be allowed, at the end of the second year, to enter the final examination upon anatomv, physiology, chemistry and materia mediea.- Instruction is imparted by didactic and clinical lectures, daily quizzes and laboratory work The session of 1886-87 began September 28,1886, and continues six months, closing March 29,1887. The practitioners' course begins February 8,1886, and continues six weeks. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia mediea and therapeutics, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, ortho- pedy, ophthalmology and otology, diseases of the teeth and adjacent structures, venereal diseases and dermatology, diseases of children, electro-therapeutics, pharmacy, toxi- cology and insanity. Requirements: For admission, credible certificates of good moral character, and a good elementary English education, "including mathematics, English composition and elementary physics, or natural philosophy, as attested by the presentation of a diploma of graduation from some literary and scientific college or high school, or a first-grade teacher's certificate, or by a creditable examination upon those branches by a committee appointed for that purpose." For graduation: 1) the candidate must possess satisfactory references as to good moral character and have attained the age of twenty-one years: 2) three years' study; 3) must have attended not less than two courses of lectures, the last of which must have been in this college: 4) must have completed the prescribed course of analytical chem- istry and practical anatomy; 5) sustain a satisfactory and honorable examination in every department. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $50; demonstrator, $10; analytical chemistry, $10; examination, $50. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates, Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 139 65 46 1878-79 106 29 27 1879-80 123 37 30 1880-81 127 51 40 1881-82 113 38 33 1882-83 147 52 35 1883-84 159 50 31 1884-85 143 37 25.8 1885-86 *122 50 40.9 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past nine years, thirty-four. ♦Not including eleven graduates who matriculated, upon four of whom the ad eundem degree was conferred. 66 CHICAGO NORTHWESTERN COLLEGE. Chicago. Ill. Incorporated 1862. Re-chartered in 1864, and in 1870 became the Edinburg Univer- •dty. Fraudulent.-Extinct. EDINBURG UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO AND ST. LOUIS. Chicago, Ill. Incorporated September 23,1870. under the general incorporation act of the State. A fraudulent institution, exposed by the Illinois State Board of Health, and since de- funct. It was also incorporated under the laws of Missouri. WOMAN'S MEDICAL COLLEGE OF CHICAGO. Chicago, Ill. Marie J. Mergler, M. D., Secretary, 29 N. Throop street. Organized in 1870. The first class was graduated in 1871. No class was graduated in 1872. Classes have been graduated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces eighteen professors, three lecturers, one assistant, and two demonstrators of anatomy. Course of Instruction: The session of 1886-87 began September 7, 1886, and ends April 5,1887. A graded course of three years recommended, but not required. Instruction is given by didactic lectures, recitations, clinical lectures, practical work, and attendance on hospitals. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, medical jurisprudence, hygiene, ophthalmology and otology, diseases of children, diseases of the throat and chest, diseases of the nervous system, histology, dental surgery, dermatology. Requirements: For admission-" Students must present, before matriculating,satis- factory proof of a good English education. A certificate of graduation from high school, academy or college, or a teacher's certificate from a county superintendent of schools, will be accepted as sufficient evidence of such education. Students without such creden- tials will, in every case, be required to pass an examination before a committee of the faculty. Certificates of character are required." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) three years' study; 3) two full courses of lectures, one of which must have been in this college; 4) two courses in practical anatomy; 5) one course in practical chemistry; 6) one course in hospital clinical instruc- tion; 7) a satisfactory examination. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $60; demonstrator, $10; chemical laboratory ticket, $5; chemicals, at cost; final examination, $30. Siudents: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 32 7 22- 1878-79 39 5 13- 1879-80 76 10 13+ 1880-81 77 17 22 1881-82 82 23 28 1882-83 79 18 22 1883-84 69 21 30 4 1884-85 75 22 29.3 1885-86 76 19 25 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past nine years, twenty-three. CHICAGO HOMEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE. Chicago, Ill. J. R. Kippax, M. D., Secretary, 3154 Indiana avenue. Organized in 1876. The first class was graduated in 1877. Classes have been gradu- ated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces fifteen professors, one adjunct professor, three lecturers and one demonstrator. Course of Instruction: A regular session of twenty-two weeks' duration, com- mencing September 28. 1886. and ending February 24, 1887. Three years' graded course recommended, but not required. A junior and a senior course (two separate and distinct courses) are delivered during each college term. Clinics at hospital and dispensary. 67 Lectures embrace: Junior year-Anatomy, physiology, microscopy, materia medica, chemistry, toxicology, pathology, histology, sanitary science and dental surgery. Senior year-Principles and practice of medicine ami surgery, gynecology, pedology, materia medica, obstetrics, ophthalmology and otology, mental and nervous diseases, medical jurisprudence and clinics. Requirements: For admission-" A credible certificate of good moral character, a diploma of graduation fron a good literary and scientific college or high school, or a first- grade teacher's certificate. Or, lacking this, * * a thorough examination in the branches of a good Engtlsh education (including mathematics. English composition, and elementary physics or natural philosophy), before the examining board of the faculty." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) three years' study; 3) two full courses; 4) practical anatomy to the extent of having dissected every region of the human body; 6) pass all the regular examinations. Fees: Full course of lectures, including matriculation, $55; perpetual ticket, $90; final examination, $25; partial course, each chair, $10; demonstrator's ticket, $10; hospital, $5. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 105 25 23.3 1878-79 110 31 28+ 1879-80 86 20 23.2 1880-81 87 25 28.7 1881-83 128 38 29.6 1882-83 125 40 32- 1883-81 134 39 29.1 1881-85 125 22 17.6 1885-86 130* 52 40 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past nine years, twenty-eight. *Not including six graduates who matriculated. COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS OF CHICAGO. Chicago, III. D. A. K. Steele, M. D., Secretary, 1801 State street. Organized in 1882. The first class was graduated in 1883. The faculty consists of twenty-three professors, eight lecturers and one demonstrator. Course of Instruction: The session of 1886-87 commenced September 21, 1886, and continues twenty-two weeks. A graded course of three years recommended, but not re- qub ed. "Instruction will be given by didactic and clinical lectures, practical work in the dissecting room, clinical and physiological laboratories, and by oral and written exami- nations." Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics, gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, histology, microscopy, dermatology, genito-urinary diseases, denial surgery, orthopedics, ophthalmology and otology, diseases of children, nervous and mental diseases, laboratory work in chemistry and physiology. Requirements: For admission, 1) a credible certificate of good moral character; 2> diploma of graduation from a good literary and'scientific college or highschool, or a first- grade teacher's certificate, or. lacking this, he will be required, 3) to pass a thorough ex- amination in the branches of a good English education, including mathematics, English composition, and elementary physics or natural philosophy, before a committee of the faculty." For graduation: "1) good moral character; 2) attainment of twenty-one years of age; 3) three years'study of medicine under the direction of a regular physician or medical college; 4) attendance upon two full winter courses of lectures in a regular medical col- lege, the last of which must have been in this college; 5) having dissected during two sessions, including dissections of each part of the cadaver; 6) attendance upon two terms of clinical and hospital instructions; 7) satisfactory examinations." Fees: Matriculation (paid annually), $5; lectures, $60; dissecting ticket, $10; chemical laboratory (compulsory), $5; Cook county hospital (compulsory), $5; eye and ear infirmary (optional!, $5; each of these good for one year; graduation, $30. 68 Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Pereent 1882-83 152 52 34.2 1883-84 167 52 31.1 1884-85 167 60 35.9 1885-86 *151 71 47+ Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past four years, thirty-six. *Not including eight graduates who matriculated. QUINCY COLLEGE OF MEDICINE. Medical Department of Chaddock College. Quincy, Ill. L. H. Cohen, M. D., Secretary, 837 Vermont street. Organized in 1882. The faculty embraces eleven professors, one demonstrator and •one lecturer. Course of Instruction: One lecture session is held annually, extending from the second Tuesday in October to the second Wednesday in March. Lectures, clinical and didactic, embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, pharmacy, theory and practice of medicine, pathologv. sur- gery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, toxicology, ophthal- mology and otology. Requirements: For admission, "All applicants who can present evidence of a good English education, sufficient to enable them to understand medical literature, and to readily and thoroughly comprehend the necessary technicalities of our profession, are eligible to our class. This may be made apparent by diploma of graduation from a good liierary and scientific college or high school, or, lacking this, a thorough examination in the branches of a good English education, including mathematics, English composition and elementary physics." A committee will be appointed for the examination of appli- cants. Female students admitted on the same conditions as male students. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) two courses of lectures; 4) two courses of instruction in anatomy, including dissections and demon- strations; 5) three years'study; 6) creditable examination in all the branches taught in the institution. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $40; demonstrator, $10; examination, $25. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent 1882-83 6 0 - 1883-81 12 4 33 3 1884-85 19 4 21 1885-86 15 7 46.6 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the four sessions, twenty-eight. PHYSIO-MEDICAL INSTITUTE. Chicago, Ill. J. R. Blair, M. D„ Dean, Madison and LaSalle streets. Organized in 1885. The faculty embraces eight professors and one demonstrator of anatomy. Five of the faculty reside in other States. Course of Instruction: The session of 1886-87 began September 30,1886. and will con- tinue twenty weeks. A graded course of three years is "urgently advised." Lectures embrace anatomy and physiology, materia medica. chemistry and toxi- cology, science and practice ofl medicine, surgery, obstetrics, gynecology, diseases of children, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, ophthalmology and otology, insanity land ner- vous diseases. Schedule of studies for three years' course: "First year-Anatomy, with dissections; physiology with histology and laboratory work; materia medica. "Second year-Anatomy, with dissections and surgical anatomy; sanitary science; toxicology, with medico-legal analysis; materia medica; pharmacy; practical medicine, with medical and physical diagnosis; surgical institutes, with minor surgery; obstetrics; hospital clinics. "Third year-Practice of medicine; surgery; obstetrics; ophthalmology and otology; nsanity; hospital clinics." 69 Requirements: For admission-"Students must, either by high school certificate or' suitable examination, give evidence of having a good English education; furnish satis- factory evidence of proper preparation and of good moral character." * * * "Attendance must begin with the opening of the lecture term, and be punctual through- out." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character: 3) pursued medical studies three full years, including two full terms of college lectures and hospital attendance, and two courses of dissections; 4) punctual attendance on all college lec- tures, graduates'quizzes, and two terms of hospital clinics; 5) satisfactory written ex- amination in all the departments of instruction. Fees: Matriculation, $5; iecture fees; $50; demonstrator's ticket, $5; hospital ticket, $5; graduates' examination, $25. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates and percentage of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percentage, 1885-86 17 10 58.8 Names of matriculates and graduates for 1885-86 not published in announcement. The institute is located at 423 Ogden avenue, in a building designed for a s'tore and dwelling. INDIANA. UNIVERSITY OF INDIANA. New Albany, Ind. Organized in 1833. The following history of this, the first fraudulent medical school in the West, is compiled from the minutes of the New York County Medical Society of the date December 16,1833: It appears that John Cook Bennett, M. D., LL. D.. chancellor, secretary, etc., of this institution, journeyed to New York city in the summer of 1833, and having appointed two members of the county medical society as assistants, proceeded "to examine candidates and dispense diplomas," the per.-ons usually paying therefor the sum of twenty-five dollars. This proceeding becoming known to the society, a committee was appointed "to investigate and report on the subject of diplomas purporting to be issued by the Univer- sity of Indiana." The committee reported- 1) That such an institution was in existence, having been incorporated by an act en- titled "An act to incorporate the Christian College, in New Albany, in Floyd county In- diana." 2) That said college was organized by a meeting of eight persons, at the house of Bennett, in New Albany. 3) That the said college, under its charter, claims, and prob- ably exercises the righi to confer eight different degrees on males, and seven on females. 4) That this university embraces seven departments, including a department of medicine. 5) That John ('ook Bennett was bishop and secretary of the general university, and pres- ident, chancellor and professor of midwifery in the medical department. 6) That by a by-law, the bishop was authorized to send out commissioners to confer degrees, etc. 7) That at the time of issuing the diplomas, this university did not possess buildings, ap- paratus or facilities of any kind to teach physic and surgery; had not given any full course of instruction, nor had any lectures on medical science been delivered. And finally, that the charges against the members of the society were true. .Whereupon the society publicly reprimanded the offenders. INDIANA MEDICAL COLLEGE. La Porte, Ind. Organized in 1844.-Extinct in 1849. MEDICAL COLLEGE OF EVANSVILLE. Evansville, Ind. Organized in 1849. Classes were graduated during the years 1850 to 1854, inclusive, numbering 4t alumni. Lectures were suspended from 1854 to 1871. The college was reor- ganized in 1871, and classes were graduated from 1873 to 1884, inclusive, when the institu- tion suspended. 70 INDIANA CENTRAL MEDICAL COLLEGE. Medical Department, Asbury University, Greencastle, Ind. Indianapolis, Ind. Organized in 1850.-Extinct in 1854. PHYSIO-MEDICAL COLLEGE OF INDIANA. Indianapolis, Ind. C. T. Bedford, M. D., Secretary, 290 Massachusetts avenue. Organized in 1873. The first class was graduated in 1874. Classes have been gradu- ated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces nine professors, three lecturers and one demonstrator. Course of Instruction: The session of 1886-87 began September 28, 1886, and will continue twenty-four weeks, closing March 14, 1887. Lectures embrace practice of medicine and clinical medicine, surgery, obstetrics, gynecology, diseases of children, materia medica and therapeutics, botany, electro thera- peutics, histology and physiology, general and descriptive anat >my, surgical anatomy, microscopy and pathological histology, chemistry and toxicology, medical jurisprudence, diseases of the rectum, diseases of the eye, ear and throat, and sanitary science. Requirements: For admission, "All applicants must possess at least a good English education. If an applicant is a graduate of a literary college, or presents a certificate from some scientific school or academy, the same will be accepted as satisfactory evi- dence, but unaccompanied by the above evidence he or she must sustain a satisfactory examination by a board of censors.'' For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age: 2) good moral character; 3) must have attended two or more full courses of lectures not delivered in the same twelve months, the last of which must have been in this school; 4) must have attended hospital clinics and re- ceived clinical instruction during at least two college terms; 5) must have dissected each region of the body; 6) must have at least one course in practical chemistry. Every can- didate must undergo a full and satisfactory examination, written or oral, on each branch taught in the college. Fees: Matriculation (paid but once), $5; hospital, $3; lectures, $75; demonstrator, $5; graduation, $25. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877 78 19 8 42+ 1878-79 15 7 46+ 1879-80 15 8 53+ 1880-81 20 10 50 1881-82 24 10 41 6 1882-83 26 17 64 1883-84 21 7 33.3 1884-85 34 12 35.3 1885-86 30 18 60 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past nine years, forty-seven. Names of matriculates and graduates not given in announcement. MEDICAL COLLEGE OF FORT WAYNE. Fort Wayne, Ind. Organized in 1876, Classes were graduated in each year from 1877 to 1883, inclusive. Extinct 1883. MEDICAL COLLEGE OF INDIANA. Indianapolis, Ind. C. E. Wright, M. D., Secretary, 107 N. Alabama street. Organized in 1878, when the Indiana Medical College (organized in 1868) and the Col- lege of Physicians and Surgeons of Indiana(organizeit in 1873) were united to form this college. It was formerly the Medical Department of Butler University, but severed its connection with that institution in 1883. The faculty embraces fourteen professors, one lecturer, two adjunct professors and one demonstrator. 71 Course of Instruction: The sessions of 1886-87 embrace a preliminary term, which began September 22, 1886, and ended October 5. 1886, and a regular session which began October 6, 1886, and continues until March 2,1887. Systematic daily examinations of the class by members of the faculty are held. Clinics at hospital and college. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics- theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, toxicology, phaimacy, dermatology, syphilis, diseases of the mind and nervous system, laryngology, clinical medicine and surgery, ophthalmology and otology, diseases of children. Requirements: For admission, 1) Candidates before commencing the first year of study, must present to the faculty a credible certificate of good moral standing; 2) diploma of graduation from a good literary and scientific college or high school, or first-grade teacher's certificate. Or, lacking this, 3) a thorough examination in the branches of a good Eaglish education, including mathematics, English composition, and elementary physics or natural philosophy. For graduation: "He must produce satisfactory evidence of good moral character, and of having attained the age of twenty-one years. He must file a satisfactory certifi- cate of having studied medicine for at least three years under a regular graduate, or a licentiate and practitioner of medicine in good standing, using the word 'regular' in the sense commonly understood in the medical profession. No candidate shall be eligible for final examination for graduation, unless his term of three years' study shall have been completed, or shall expire at a date not later than three months after the close of the final examination. ♦ * * He must file the proper official evidence that during the above-mentioned three years he has matriculated at some affiliated college or colleges for two regular sessions, and in the course of the same has attended two full courses of instruction. The candidate must have passed a personal examination before the faculty on all the branches of medicine taught in this college." Fees: Matriculation, $5; laboratory, $5; lectures, 40; demonstrator, $5; hospital, $5; graduation, $25. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1878-79 143 s 66 46+ 1879-80 182 60 33- 1880-81 200 83 41 5 1881-82 164 58 35+ 1882-83 131 53 40.4 1883-84 71 43 60.5 1884-85 60 28 46.6 1885-86 66* 27 40.9 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past eight years, forty-one, ♦Not including two graduates who matriculated and upon whom the ad eundem de- gree was conferred. CENTRAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS. Indianapolis, Ind. Jos. O. Stillson, M. D., Secretary, 199 N. Delaware street. Organized in 1879, The first class was graduated in 1880. The faculty enbraces nine professors, two lecturers, one adjunct professor and one demonstrator. Course of Instruction: The regular winter session of 1886-87 commenced October 1, 1886. and continues to March 1,1887. A three years' graded course is recommended, but not required. Clinical instruction of college and hospital. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, sanitary science, medical jurisprudence, ophthalmology, otology, histology and diseases of the nervous system, clinical medicine and surgery, and genito-urinary diseases. Requirements: For admission, "Students must present, before matriculating, satis- factory'proof of a good English education." 1) credible certificate of good moral char- acter; 2) diploma of graduation from a good literary and scientific college or high school, or a first-grade teacher's certificate; or, lacking this, a thorough examination in the branches of a good English education, including mathematics, English composition, and elementary physics or natural philosophy. Students who have attended one course of lectures, and practitioners in good standing, are exempt from this requirement. For graduation: 1) good moral character; 2) twenty-one years of age;. 3) three years' study; 4) two full courses of lectures; 5) must pass satisfactory examination in anatomy, including dissections, physiology, chemistry, materia medica, therapeutics, obstetrics, surgery, principles and practice of medicine, clinical medicine. Fees: Matriculation,$5; lectures, $40; laboratory, $5; demonstrator, $5; hospital, $6; graduation, $25. 72 Students: Number of matriculates and Qf graduates at each session reported, and. percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1879-80 42 12 28.5 1880-81 62 17 27 4 1881-82 43 10 23+ 1882-83 44 24 54 5 1883-84 28 13 46.4 1884-85 25 11 44 1885-86 20 12 60 Percentage of graduates to matriculate for the past seven years, thirty-seven. FORT WAYNE COLLEGE OF MEDICINE. Fort Wayne, Ind. C. B. Stemen, M. D., Dean, 261 W. Wayne street. Organized in 1879. The first class was graduated in 188 The faculty embraces seventeen professors, two adjunct professors, one lecturer, one demonstrator and four assistants. Course of Instruction: The collegiate year of 18'6-87 began September 21, 1886, and closes March 1, 1887. A three years' graded course is recommended, but its accept- ance is optional with the student. Clinics at hospital and college. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, toxi- cology, ophthalmology and otology, diseases of children, orthopedic surgery, genito- urinary and rectal diseases, mental and nervous diseases and laryngology. Requirements: For admission. "Each student must present satisfactory evidence, on examination or otherwise, of proficiency in the fundamental branches of an English education. Graduates from a college, academy or high school, or a license to teach in the public schools, will be evidence of such proficiency." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age: 2) good moral character; 3) "satisfactory certificate of having studied medicine three years under a regular graduate or licentiate and practitioner of medicine in good standing. No candidate shall be eligible for final examination for graduation unless his or her term of three years'study shad have been completed, or shall expire at a date not later than three months after the close of the final examination;"4)two full courses of lectures,not within the same twelvemonth; 5) dissec- tion for one session; 6) instruction in chemistry during one session; 7) must have followed the practice of a hospital; 8) must pasp monthly and terminal examinations; premature examination will be granted if good and.sufficient reasons are given for requesting it. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $40; demonstrator, $5; laboratory, $5; hospital, $5; graduation, $25. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of^graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1881-82 27 16 5'»+ 1882-83 25 12 48 1881-84 23 10 43.5 1884-85 21 5 23 8 1885-86 22* 11 50 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past five years, forty-five.. *Not including two graduates who matriculated, upon one of whom the ad eundem de- gree was conferred and upon the other the honorary degree. INDIANA ECLECTIC MEDICAL COLLEGE. Indianapolis, Ind. L. Abbett, M. D., Dean. 31% Virginia avenue. Organized in 1880. The faculty consists of nine professors, one demonstrator and four lecturers. Course of Instruction: The regular session of 1886-87 began October 4,1886, and will continue twenty weeks. Lectures embrace anatomy,'physiology, chemistry, materia medics therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics, gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, ophthalmology, otology, electro-therapeutics, diseases of children, and deseases of the throat and chest. 73 Requirements: For admission, "Every student must show credible certificates of good moral character, and must possess a diploma of graduation from a good literary and scientific college or high school, or a first-grade teacher's certificate; or, lacking this, a thorough examination in the branches of good English education, including mathe- matics, English composition and elementary physics or natural philosophy." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) three-years' study; 3) two full courses of lectures: 4) must produce evidence of attendance on lectures on practical anatomy; 5) thesis or clinical report; 6) examination on the regular and essential branches of medi- cine; 7) good moral character. Fees: Matriculation, $5; demonstrator, $5; lectures, $40; graduation, $25; laboratory, $5; hospital, $3. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1880-81 27 12 44.4 1881-82 19 11 58+ 1882-83 24 7 29+ 1883-84 .31 10 32.2 1884-85 19 8 42.1 1885-86 37 22 59.4 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past six years, forty-four. CURTIS PHYSIO-MEDICAL INSTITUTE. Marion, Ind. D. B. Snodgrass, M. D., Dean of Faculty. Organized in 1881 under a general act Jof the State Legislature passed in 1855. The faculty embraces six professors. Course of Instruction: The fifth regular course of lectures began October 5.1886, and will close March 5, 1887. ' The instruction of this institute consists of didactic lec- tures and practical demonstrations." The "means of demonstrating consists of maps, charts and manican skeletons." No hospital attendance is required, but "Saturday of each week will be devoted to clinics at the institute rooms. The extensive practice of the fac- ulty will furnish a clinic second to none outside of large cities." Lectures embrace regional anatomy and pathology, anatomy and surgery, histology* and physiology, botany and chemistry, theory and practice of medicine, diseases of women and children, and toxicology. Requirements: For admission-None. For graduation: 1) knowedge of the English branches: 2) good moral character; 3) satisfactory evidence, upon examination, of a thorough and complete knowledge of all branches necessary to a first-class medical education. Fees: Professors' ticket, $50; matriculation, $5: demonstrator. $5; graduation, $25. Remarks: The above is collated from the Fifth Annual Announcement of the school. Its existence was unknown to this Board until alter the recent law regulating the prac- tice of medicine and surgery in the State of Indiana had been passed; and repeated let- ters requesting information in regard to its history, etc., have failed to elicit any reply from the faculty. Owing to this reticence on the part of those connected with the school, letters of inquiry were sent to each county in Indiana, in order to ascertain how many diplomas had been placed upon record in the offices of the Circuit Clerks. By this means seventeen graduates have been discovered, their diplomas being dated as fol- laws: one March 1,1883; one, February 28, 1884; one March, 1884; eight, March 4,1885; five, July 24, 1885, and one, July 25,1885. It will be observed that until March, 1885, there had been but one graduating course, but after the law regulating the practice of medicine and surgery, passed by the legisla- ture in April, had been declared in full force by proclamation of the Governor, issued July 23, 1885, six additional diplomas were immediately issued. It would seem that the law had thus stimulated the making of this second crop of doctors. Of the present faculty two are graduates of the school, one in March and one in July, 1885. Names of matriculates and graduates not given in the announcement. Diplomas not recognized. *0n the cover of the announcement for 1886-87 Dr. Hough's Vegetable 'Liver Pills, Al- terative and Tonic System Renovator, Throat and Lung Syrup, iElectric Light Liniment, and Cordial Compound are advertised as "remedies that?wlll give satisfaction every time." Dr. Hough is the Professor of histology and physiology. 74 HOSPITAL MEDICAL COLLEGE OF EVANSVILLE. Evansville, Ind. Charles Knapp, M. D., Secretary. Organized in 1882, First class was graduated in 1883.-Extinct in 1886. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session, Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1882-83 11 5 45 4 1883-84 11 2 18.1 1884-85 12 6 50 1885-86 15 4 26.6 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past four years, thirty-four. BEACH MEDICAL COLLEGE. Indianapolis, Ind. Organized in 1883. In 1884 this college was merged into the Indiana Eclectic Medical College. BEACH MEDICAL INSTITUTE. Indianapolis, Ind. The Beach Medical College was merged into the Indiana Eclectic Medical College before the commencement of the lecture course of 1884-85. About six weeks after the lecture course commenced, the Beach element seceded, and organized the Beach Medical Institute, taking with them some of the students. After a very questionable existence it was again merged into the Indiana Eclectic Medical College at the close of the session of 1885-86. The institution graduated one class in 1885. IOWA. An Act to regulate the practice of Medicine and Surgery in the State of Iowa. Chapter 104, Laws of 1886. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Iowa: Section 1. That every person practicing medicine, surgery or obstetrics, in any of their departments, within this State, shall possess the qualifications required by this act. If a graduate in medicine such person shall present his or her diploma to the State board of examiners, for verifica- tion as to its genuineness. If the diploma is found genuine, and is issued by a medical school legally organized and of good standing, of which the State board of examiners shall determine, and if the person presenting and claiming such diploma be the person to whom the same was originally granted, then the State board of examiners shall issue its certificates to that effect signed by not less than five physicians thereof, repre- senting O ie or more nhysicans of the schools on the board, and such certifi- cate shall be conclusive as to right of the lawful holder to practice medicine,. sur- gery and obstetrics within this State. If not a graduate, the person practicing medicine or surgery within this State, unless he or she shall have been in con- tinuous practice in this State for a period of not less than five years, of which he or she shall present to the State board of examiners satisfactory evidence in the form of affi- davits, shall appear before the said State board of examiners and submit to such exami- nation as said board may require. All examinations shall be conducted in writing, and all examination papers, together with the reports, and action of the examiners thereon, shall be preserved as the records of said board for a period of five years, during which time they shall remain open for Inspection at the office of said State board of examiners. Such examinations shall be in anatomy, physiology, general chemistry, pathology, thera- peutics and the principles and practice of medicine, surgery and obstetrics: Provided, that each applicant, upon receiving from the secretary of the board an order for an exam- ination, shall receive also a confidential number, which he or she shall place upon his or her examination papers so that when said papers are passed upon by the examiners, the latter shall not know by what applicant said papers have been prepared. That upon each day of examination all candidates be given the same set or sets of questions. It is fur- ther provided that the examination papers shall be marked upon the scale of one hundred (100), and that in order to secure a license it shall be necessary for the applicant to attain such average as shall hereafter be determined by the State board of examiners, and if such examination be satisfactory to at least five physicians of said board, representing the different schools of medicine on the board, the board shall issue a certificate which shall entitle the lawful holder thereof to all the rights and privileges herein provided, and the physicians and the secretary of the State board of health shall constitute and bo deemed a board of examiners for the purpose of this act. 75 § 2. The State board of examiners shall procure a seal within sixty days after the passage of this act, and through the secretary of said board shall receive applications tor certificates and examinations. The president, or any member of the board, shall have the authority to administer oaths and take testimony in all matters relating to their duties as examiners aforesaid. The board shall provide three forms of certificates; one for persons in possession of genuine diplomas, one for candidates examined by the board, and one for persons who have practiced medicine or surgery in any of its depart- ments for five years as provided in this act. Said certificates shall be signed by not less than five physicians of the board, and this number may act as an examining board in the absence of the full board: Provided, that one or more members of the different schools of medicine represented in the State board of health shall also be represented in the board of examiners. The board of examiners shall hold meetings at such places as will best accommodate applicants residing in different portions of the State, and at any such time as they shall deem best, and due notice of the time and place of such meetings shall be published. §3. The board shall examine all diplomas submitted to them for such purpose to determine their genuineness and the rightful ownership of the person presenting the same. The affidavit of the applicant and holder of any diploma that he or she is the per- son therein named, and is the lawful possessor thereof, shall be necessary to verify the same, with such other testimony of [as] the board may require. Diplomas and accom- panying affidavits may be presented in person or by proxy. If the diploma shall be found genuine, and in possession of the person to whom it was issued, the State board of ex- aminers shall, upon the payment of a fee of two dollars, to the secretary of the board, issue a certificate to the holder of such diploma, and no further fee or sum shall be de- manded or collected from said applicant by said board for such certificate. If the diploma shall be found to be fraudulent, or not lawfully in possession of the holder or owner thereof, the person presenting such diploma or holding or claiming possession thereof, shall he deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction thereof, before any court of competent jurisdiction, be fined not less than twenty dollars nor more than one hundred! dollars, § 4. Every person holding a certificate issued by the State board of examiners, shall,, within sixty days after the date of such certificate, Have the same recorded in the office of the county recorder in the county wherein he resides, and should he remove from one county to another to practice medicine, surgery or obstetrics, his certificate must be recorded in the county to which he removes. The county recorder shall endorse upon the certificate the date of record, and he shall be entitled to charge and receive a fee of fifty cents for his services, the fee to be paid by the applicant. § 5. The county recorder shall record in a book provided for that purpose, a complete list of the certificates presented for record, and the date of their issue by the State board of examiners. If the certificate is issued by reason of a diploma, the name of the med- ical college conferring the same, and the date when conferred shall be recorded; and when such certificate shall have been granted upon the examination of the board, o r be- cause of five years' practice in the State, such fact shall be recorded. Said records shall be open for inspection during business hours. i 6. Candidates for examination shall pay in advance, to the secretary of the State board of examiners a fee of ten dollars, which fee, together with the fees received for certificates, shall defray the entire expense of the aforesaid board of examiners, and the balance shall be turned over to the State treasurer for the benefit of the school fund, ex- cept such an amount as will pay each member of the board ten dollars (10) per day during the time he is in actual attendance upon the session of the said board for the purpose of performing the duties required of him under this act, and, as will pay the secretary of the board such a salary as they may allow, not to exceed $5 per day during the time he is actually engaged in performing the work of the hoard under this act, and each member of the board of examiners shall also receive a sufficient amount to defray his actual and necessary expenses while in the discharge of the duties herein provided. Any one failing to pass the required examination shall be entitled to a second examination within twelve months without fee: Provided, that any applicant for examination by notice in writing to the secretary shall be entitled to an examination within three months from the time of said notice, and a failure to give such opportunity] shall entitle such applicant to practice without the certificate required by this act until the next regular meeting of said board. § 7. The State board of examiners may refuse to grant a certificate to any person who has been convicted of a felony committed in the practice of his profession or in con- nection therewith, or may revoke certificates for like cause, or for palpable evidence of incompetency, and such refusal or revocation shall prohibit such person from practic- ing medicine, surgery or obstetrics: Provided, such refusal or revocation of a certificate can only be made with the affirmative vote of at least five physicians of the State board of examiners, in which number shall beincluded one or more members of the different schools of medicine represented in said board: And provided further, that the standing of a legally chartered medical college, from which a diploma may be presented, shall not be questioned except by a like vote. § 8. Any person shall be deemed as practicing medicine, surgery or^obstetries or to be a physician within the meaning of this act. who shall publicly profess to be aphysician, surgeon or obstetrician, and assume the duties, who shall make a practicelof prescribing or of prescribing and furnishing medicines for the sick, or who shall publicly profess to cure or heal, by any means whatsoever; but nothing in this act shall be construed to prohibit students of medicine, surgery or obstetrics from prescribing under the supervision of preceptors, or gratuitious service in case of emergency, nor shall this act extend to [prohibit women who are at this time engaged in the practice of midwifery nor to prevent the advertising, selling or prescribing natural mineral waters flowing from wells or springs, nor shall this act apply to surgeons of the United States army or navy, marine hospital service, nor to phy- sicians as defined herein who have been in practice in this State for five consecutive years, three years of which time shall have been in one locality: Provided,such. physician. 76 shall furnish the State board of examiners satisfactory evidence of such practice, and shall procure the proper certificate, as provided in this act, and for which certificate such physician shall pay the secretary of the State board of examiners a fee of two dollars, and said board shall issue to the applicant such certificate, nor shall this apply to registered pharmacists when filling prescriptions, nor shall it be construed to interfere with the sale of patent or proprietary medicines in the regular course of trade. § 9. Any person who shall practice medicine or surgery within this State, without having complied with the provisions of this act, and who is not embraced in any of the exceptions, or after being prohibited from so doing as provided in section 7 of this act, shall be deemed guilty ot a misdemeanor, and shall, on conviction thereof, be punished by a fine not less than fifty nor more than one hundred dollars, or by imprisonment in the county jail not less than ten days nor more than thirty days. 5 10. Any person who shall file or attempt to file, with the State board of examiners, as his or her own, the diploma of another person, or who shall file or attempt to file with the recorder the certificate of another person, as his or her own, or who shall file or at- tempt to file a diploma or certificate with the true name erased therefrom and the claim- ant's name inserted, or who shall file or attempt to file any forged affidavit or identifica- tion, shall be deemed guilty of the crime of forgery. § 11. The penalties, as provided in this act, or violations thereof, shall not be enforced prior to first day of January, A. D. 1887. § 12. All acts and parts of acts in conflict with this act are hereby repealed. STATE BOARD OF MEDICAL EXAMINERS. J. F. Kennedy, M. D., Secretary, Des Moines, Iowa As will be seen by reading the " A.ct to Regulate the Practice of Medicine and Surgery" in the State of Iowa, the physicians of the State Board of Health and its Secretary are made the State Board of Medical Examiners. Their duties are entirely independent of the State Board of Health. By this Act, which went into effect April 9, 1886, every person practicing medicine, surgery or obstetrics within the State is required to have a certificate from the'State Board of Medical Examiners. These certificates are of three classes: 1st. For graduates in medicine; 2d. For persons who have been in continuous practice within the State five years, three of which have been in one locality; 3d. For those who shall have passed an examination before the Board of Examiners, giving not less than 80% of correct answers to all questions. At one of the early meetings of the Board the schedule of "Minimum Requirements" of the Illinois State Board of Health, as to the good standing of medical colleges, was adopted almost verbatim, also the list of medical colleges recognized and not recognized by the same. The laws of Iowa and Illinois being almost identical, the rules, regulations and forms adopted by the former are similar to those of the Illinois Board. Under the Pharmacy law of Iowa, itinerants, specialists and venders of drugs, nos- trums or anything to treat diseases, or who profess to cure any disease, are required, in addition to the certificate to practice, to pay a license tee of one hundred dollars per year. The number of applications filed for certificates to October 1, 1886, is 1,517. Of this number 780 have been approved; 691 not yet considered; 26 rejected; 20 pending further investigation. The number of non-graduates examined is 13; of this number 7 were re- jected. Although it is only three months since the Board commenced operations, much good has already resulted from its work. COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS. Keokuk, Iowa. J. C. Hughes, M. D., Dean of the Faculty. Organized in 1850; four years after, it became the Medical Department of the Univer- sity of Iowa, and upon the organization of the Medical Department of the State Univer- sity of Iowa, at Iowa City, in 1870, the original name was assumed. The faculty embraces nine professors, one lecturer and one demonstrator of anatomy. Course of Instruction: The regular annual session of 1886-87 commenced October 13,1886, and continues twenty weeks. A three-years' graded course recommended, but not required. Clinics at college infirmary; daily quizzes conducted by the faculty. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, toxicology, clinical medicine and surgery, ophthalmology and otology. Requirements: For admission, "A diploma from a literary college, academy, high school, or a first-class teacher's certificate, or a matriculation examination in the branches of a good English education." 77 For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) two full courses of lectures; 4) three years' study; 5) no thesis required: 6) satisfactory exam- ination, either oral or written, at the discretion of the faculty, in anatomy, physiology and pathology, chemistry, materia medica, therapeutics, practice of medicine and surgery; 7) muat have dissected during two courses. Fees: Matriculation, $5; demonstrator, $5; lectures $20; graduation, $30; hospital ticket, gratuitous. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- ssion. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1879-80 266 117 43.9 1881-82 273 126 46 + 882-83 131 54 41.5 1.883-81 121 59 48.7 884-85 93 40 43 885-86 90 34 37.7 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past six years, forty-four. OWA MEDICAL COLLEGE. Keokuk, Iowa. Organized in 1858.-Extinct since 1860. MEDICAL DEPARTMENT, STATE UNIVERSITY OF IOWA. Iowa City, la. R. W. Hill, M. D.. Secretary of the Faculty. Organized in 1870. First class was graduated in 1871., Classes have been graduated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces seven professors, one demonstrator, four lecturers, and one prosector. Course of Instruction: The annual graduating session of 1886-87 began September 29,1886, and closes March 2, 1887. Two courses of study are provided, a two-years' course and a three-years' course, one of which the student Is required to select at the beginning of the second year. Daily quizzes; clinics at hospital. Recitations, practical work in lab- oratory, didactic and clinical lectures constitute the mode of instruction. All students in the advanced classes will receive special practical instruction in physical diagnosis, mechanical obstetrics, application of splints, bandages and surgical dressing. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, insanity, toxicology, ophthalmology and otology. Requirements: For admission,-"All candidates for admission to the course of med- icallectures must give evidence of a good English education. If the applicant is a grad- uate of a literary or scientific college, or presents the certificate of having passed the entrance examination of such an institution, or the certificate of graduation from a high school or academy, it will be accepted in lieu of an examination. In any other case, the candidate must pass an examination before a committee of the faculty, as follows: A written composition, not to exceed a page of foolscap, on a given subject, which will be the test of orthography, grammar, etc.; an examination in common arithmetic, history of the United States, in geography and elementary physics, or natural philosophy. Stu- dents from other schools not requiring preliminary examinations must present creden- tials. or be examined for admission." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) unexceptionable moral character; 3) three years' study; 4) two courses of lectur s; 5) satisfactory examin tion in all the branchestaught. In cases where the three-term course is adopted, a certificate of time of study is not an absolute requirement. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $29; demonstrator, $10; final examinations, $25; hos- pital, $3. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 82 19 23+ 1878-79 92 15 16+ 1879-80 126 17 + 1880-81 149 33 23+ 1881-82 151 46 30+ 1X82-83 162 35 21 + 1883-84 . 142 37 26+ 1884-85 116 43 37+ 1885-86 99 35 35.3 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past nine years, twen'y-five. 78 HOMEOPATHIC MEDICAL DEPARTMENT, STATE UNIVER- SITY OF IOWA. Iowa City, la. A. C. Cowperthwaite, M. D., Dean of the Faculty. Organized in 1877. The first class was graduated in 1878; classes have been graduated, each subsequent year. The faculty consists of three professors, three lecturers, one curator.and one assistant to the chair of materia medica. The teaching of this department is supplementary, the peculiar views of the school only being taught. The lectures on subjects common to both schools are delivered by the professors in the regular department. Course of Instruction: The annual session of 1886-87 commenced Cctober 6,1886, and closes March 1,1887. A two-years' course and a three-years' graded course are offered and the student is required to select one or the other upon registration. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene medical jurisprudence, toxicology, ophthalmology and otology, dermatology. Requirements: For admission-Same as in the medical department. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) three years' study; 4) two full courses of lectures; 5) "must have been engaged in the study of practi- cal anatomy and practical chemistry;" 6) satisfactory examination in all the branches taught in the department. "The final examinations will be conducted in writing, by the faculty of the department, subject to approval or rejection by a board of examiners, selected for that purpose from the homeopathic physicians of Iowa. The ad eundem de- gree in this department may be conferred under the following circumstances: The can- didate must be in possession of an accredited diploma, and must present letters from two respectable physicians in regard to his moral character and professional standing. An attendance upon lectures from time to time during the session, and a satisfactory exami- nation must be passed on all subjects taught in the department." Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $20; demonstrator, $10; graduation, $25; hospital, $3. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates - Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 18 1 5.5 1878-79 32 3 9 3 1879-8) 47 9 19 + 1880-81 60 16 26.6 1881-82 46 15 32.6 1882-83 44 12 27.2 1883-84 35 12 34.2 1884-85 33 10 3o.3 1885-86 *29 10 34.4 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past nine years, twenty-five. ♦Not including one graduate who matriculated, and upon whom the ad eundem degree was conferred. IOWA MEDICAL COLLEGE- Eclectic. (Medical Department of Drake University.) Des Moines, la. I. W. Martin, M. D., Dean, 327 East Fifth street. Organized in 1881 as the Iowa Eclectic Medical College, Medical Department of Drake University: assumed its present name in 1883. The first class was graduated in 1882. The faculty embraces ten professors and two lecturers. Course of Instruction: One graduating session of twenty weeks annually. The session of 1886-87 commenced October 4, 1886. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics, gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, dental pathology, toxicology, laryngoscopy, diseases of the throat and lungs, clinics at college and dispensary. Requirements: For admission-"All candidates for matriculation must submit to a literary examination in conformity with the requirements of the Iowa State Board of Health." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) goo 1 moral character; 3) must have read medicine three years and attended two full courses of lectures, not in the same year; 4) dis-ection for two terms; 5) satisfactory examination in anatomy, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, obstetrics, physiology, practice of medicine and sur- gery, either written or oral, at discretion of the faculty. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $25; demonstrator, $5; graduation, $25. 79 Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. Jan.to Jun«, 18«2. 25 7 28 Sept. 1882, to June 1883 19 - - Jan. to June 1883, 19 8 42+ Sept. 1883 to Jan. 1884 21 4 19 + Jan. to June 1884* 13 3 23+ 1884-85 21 10 47 6 1885-86 31 10 32.2 Percentage of graduates to matriculates during the past three sessions, thirty-five. *Two graduating courses in one year. IOWA COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS. Des Moines, la. Lewis Schooler, M. D., Dean. Organized in 1882. The first class was graduated in 1883. The faculty embraces twelve professors, three lecturers and one demonstrator. Course of Instruction: The fourth annual session commenced October 5,1886, and closes March 4, 1887. A three years' graded course recommended, but not required. Clinics at hospital and dispensary. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, toxicology, histology, ophthalmology, otology, diseases of children and orthopedic surgery, laryngology, dermatology and genito-urinary diseases. Requirements: For admission-"Students desiring to enter this college shall present; 1st, a credible certificate of good moral character; 2d, a diploma of graduation from a good literary and scientific college, or high school, or a first-grade teacher's certificate; or lacking this, a thorough examination in the branches of a good English education, in- cluding mathematics, English composition and elementary physics or natural philosophy." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) three years' study; 4) two full courses of lectures; 5) satisfactory examination in the several branches taught in the college; 6) one course in practical anatomy. Fees: Matriculation. $5; lectures, $15; graduation, $25; laboratory (optional) $5; anato- mical material at cost. Dissecting material at cost. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1882-83 9 3 33.3 1883 84 19 8 42 1 1881-85 31 13 42. 1885-86 46 10 21.7 Perccntage of graduates to matriculates for past four years, thirty-two. KING ECLECTIC MEDICAL COLLEGE. Des Moines, la. O. H. P. Shoemaker, M. D., Dean, 319'Walnut street. Organized in 1883. The first class was graduated in 1884. The faculty embraces fifteen professors, three adjunct professors and one demon- strator. Course ok Instruction: One session annually; the present session began October 6, 1886, and continues twenty weeks. A three years' graded course is recommended, but not required. Clinics at the college and hospital. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, medical jurisprudence and hygiene, toxicology, diseases of the nervous system, ophthalmology and otology, dental pathology and surgery. Requirements: For admission-"No previous reading or study is required before entering college. Students will be admitted without reference to the school of medicine they have attended, or the preceptor with which they have studied; but must have credi- 80 ble certificates of good moral character. Some of the States have enacted laws requiring students not provided with a literary degree, or other certificates of scholarship necessary to the study of medicine, to undergo an examination before a State board in the subject of such preliminary study, as a prerequisite for a license to practice medicine withintheir borders. That the graduates of this college may be spared the trouble incident to com- pliance with these regulations, all students intending to engage in practice in those States will have the opportunity of undergoing such examination before a committee of the faculty, and will receive a certificate therefor. The examination will include all branches requisite to a good English education, comprising mathematics, composition and ele- mentary physics." For graduation: 1) "Candidates must be twenty-one years old, of good moral charac- ter, have read medicine three years and attended two full courses of lectures, not in the same year; or have read two yearsand attended three courses of lectures; or have at- tended four courses of lectures without previous reading;" 2) dissected for at least two terms: 3) "they must pass a satisfactory examination in anatomy, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, obstetrics and gynecology, physiology, principles and practice of medicine, hygiene and surgery, either written or oral, at the discretion of the dean." Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $25; dissection, $10; graduation, $25; scholarship, $50. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1883-84 31 9 29+ 1884-85 33 5 15 1885-86 *36 5 13.8 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past three years, nineteen. *The number of matriculates and of graduates for 1885-86 were not received in time to include them in the table in the preliminary part of this section. KANSAS. KANSAS MEDICAL COLLEGE. Independence, Kansas. Organized in 1872. Was in existence three years and had two graduating classes.- Extinct in 1875. UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS, MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. Lawrence, Kas. J. A. Lippincott, A. M., D. D„ Chancellor of the University. Organized in 1880. Course of Instruction: Two terms of twenty weeks' duration annually, making a preparatory medical course which is claimed to be "accepted by all the leading colleges of the West as the first of a three-years' course, and students passing examinations in these classes will be admitted to the second year in those colleges on the certificate of the faculty of this institution." The session of 1886-87 began September 8,1886. First term-Chemistry lectures and recitations daily, for twenty weeks; laboratory practice for twenty weeks; physiology lectures daily, for ten weeks; comparative anat- omy, dissections, etc., etc., ten weeks. Second term-Chemistry lectures and recitations for twenty weeks; botany recitations and laboratory practice daily, for twenty weeks; physiological chemistry recitations and laboratory practice for twenty weeks; toxicology ten weeks; materia medica recitations and lectures, with laboratory practice, the com- pounding of drugs, twenty weeks. Requirements : A full collegiate course is recommended for all professional students. Any student admitted to the special course in medicine must be prepared for at least the freshman class in all English studies. KENTUCKY. MEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF TRANSYLVANIA UNIVERSITY. Lexington, Ky. Organized in 1817. Lectures were delivered at Lexington until 1859, when the institu- tion became extinct. From 1850 to 1859 lectures were delivered during the summer only, the winter session being intermitted to establish the Kentucky School of Medicine, at Louisville. 81 UNIVERSITY OF LOUISVILLE, MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. Louisville, Ky. J. M. Bodine, M. D., Dean, Eighth and Chestnut streets. Organized in 1837. No lectures were delivered from June, 1862, to June, 1863, and no class was graduated in 1863. The faculty embraces eight professors, one lecturer, one demonstrator and two assistant demonstrators, and five special demonstrators and assistants. Course of Instruction: The forty-ninth regular annual session began September 27,1886, and continues until March 1,1887. A preliminary session began September 6. 1886. and continued until the opening of the regular session. The spring course for 1887 will commence on the third of March and terminate on the first of June. Clinics given at dis- pensary and hospitals. Frequent quizzes are conducted by the faculty. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene and medical jurisprudence, clinical medicine and surgery, diseases of children, micros- copy, diseases of the throat and chest, ophthalmology and otology, Requirements: For admission, "Some of the States have recently enacted laws, by the requirements of which students not provided with literary degrees, or other certificates of scholarship necessary to the study of medicine, must undergo an examination before a State board in the subjects of such preliminary study, as a prerequisite for a license to practice medicine within their borders. That the graduates of this college may he spared the trouble incident to compliance with these regulations, all students intending to en- gage in practice in those States and such others as may desire it, will have the opportu- nity of undergoing such an examination before a committee of the faculty, and will re- ceive a certificate therefor." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) three years study; 4) two complete courses of lectures; 5) one course of practical anatomy: 6) one course of clinical instruction; 7) examination in all the branches taught in the college. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $75; demonstrator, $10; hospital, $5; graduation, $39 special courses on surgical dressings and ophthalmoscopy, etc., $5 each. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 200 69 34+ 1878-79 210 84 40 1879-80 244 95 38+ 1880-81 213 100 47+ 1881-82 181 96 53+ 1882-83 194 68 35+ 1883-84 197 84 42.6 1884-85 173 74 42.7 1885-86 164* 81 49.3 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past nine years, forty-two. *Not including five graduates who matriculated. ECLECTIC MEDICAL COLLEGE. Louisville, Ky. Chartered in 1848.-Extinct. KENTUCKY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. Louisville, Ky. Wm. H. Wathen, M. D., Dean, Fourth Avenue and Chestnut street. Organized in 1850. The first class was graduated in 1851. Classes have been gradu- ated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces eight professors, three lecturers, and one demonstrator. Course of Instruction: The thirty-first annual session begins February 9, 1887, and will continue twenty weeks. The preliminary ses-ion begins February 1 and ends Febru- ary 9. A three-yeat s'graded course is recommended, but not required. Clinics at hos- pital and college. "Each professor quizzes the class on his own lectures as they pro- ceed." Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene. 82 medical jurisprudence, microscopy, ophthalmology, otology, laryngology, dermatology, venereal diseases, diseases of children, diseases of the rectum, clinical medicine and surgery. Requirements: For admission. "No reading or studying of medicine is required before entering college. Students who fail to bring with them proper evidence of their preliminary education are required to pass a satisfactory examination, before a committee of the faculty, in mathematics. English composition, elementary physics, etc.; any student holding a diploma from a good literary or scientific school, or a first-grade teacher's cer- tificate, will be excused from this examination." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; -2) good moral character; 3) two full ■courses of lectures, the interval between the beginning of the first and the close of the second course must be at least fifteen months; 4) "dissection of the several regions of the body;" 5) hospital clinics each year < f attendance; 6) one course in practical chemistry; 7) examination on all branches taught in the college. "If, after examination for the de- gree, he be found to have received three neg itive votes, he shall be entitled to another examination. Should he deline this he may withdraw, and will not be considered as re- jected. The degree will not be conferred upon any candidate who is often absent from the regular lectures of the college, or who absents himself from the public commence- ment without special permission of the faculty." Fees: Matriculation $5; demonstrator, $10; hospital, $5; lectures, $75; graduation. $30; laboratory, $5. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matiiculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1879 136 43 31 + 1880 107 43 40+ 1882 132 55 41 + 1883 158 51 32 + 1884 159 55 34.5 1885 120 56 46.6 1886 175 60 34.2 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the last seven years, thirty-six. LOUISVILLE MEDICAL COLLEGE. Louisville, Ky. C. W. Kelley, M. D., Registrar, Second and Green streets. Organized in 1869. The first class was graduated in 1870. Classes have been gradu- ated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces nine professors, two lecturers,one adjunct and one demonstra- tor. Course of Instruction: The collegiate year of 1886-87, which began September 6, 1886, embraces a preliminary course of four weeks and a regular winter session extending from October 4, 1886, to the last week in February, 1887. Daily quizzes ate held by the faculty. "The plan of instruction includes lectures, clinics, quizzes and practical demon- strations." Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica, and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene and medical jurisprudence, clinical medicine and surgery. Requirements: For admission, "A. preliminary examination will be required here- after, as a condition of admission to the regular winter course. Gentlemen who are grad- uates of a literary or scientific college, academy, or high school, or who have passed the entrance examination to a literary school in good standing; who have a county or State teacher's certificate; graduates in medicine; previous matriculates of this college; and students who desire to pursue a special course of study-other than for the purpose of securing the degree-will be exempt from this examination. 1 he examination will include the writing of a brief paper on a subject to be given; and an examination in the element- ary principles of physics and mathematics as taught in the public schools of the country.' For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) three years' study; 4/ two full courses of lectures (not within the same twelve months); 5) two courses of hospital clinics; 6) dissection of each region of the body; 7) one course in practical chemistry; 8) satisfactory written or oral examination on each branch taught. Fees: Matriculation, $5; demonstrator, $10; lectures, $50; examination, $30; hospital, $5, 83 Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 149 70 46+ 1878-79 136 61 44 + 1879-80 129 56 43+ 1880-81 116 54 47+ 1881-82 125 54 43 + 1882-83 157 51 32+ 1883-84 267 76 28.5 1881-85 203 63 31 1885-86 230 85 36.9 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past nine years, thirty-seven. HOSPITAL COLLEGE OF MEDICINE. Medical Department, Central University. Louisville, Ky. Wm. H. Bolling, M.D., President, Chestnut street, near Preston. Organized in 1873. First class was graduatedin 1875. Classes have been graduated each subsequent year. Faculty embraces eight professors, three lecturers, six assistants, and one demon- strator. Course oe Instruction: The fifteenth annual graduating course begins January 20,1887, and ends June 16,1887. The clinics continue throughout the year. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene medical jurisprudence, ophthalmology, otology and laryngology, toxicology, clinical medicine and surgery; diseases of children, orthopedic surgery, surgical pathology, diseases of the rectum, normal and pathological histology, including a study of bacterial pathology. Requirements: For admission-1) "credible certificate of good moral character; 2) diploma of graduation from a good literary and scientific college or high school, or a first-grade teacher's certificate; or, lacking this, an examination in the branches of a good English education, including mathematics, English composition, and elementary physics or natural philosophy." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) "satisfactory evidence of having studied medicine for at least three years, under a regular graduate or licentiate and practitioner of medicine, in good standing, using the word "regular" in the sense commonly understood in the medical profession. No candidate shall be eligible for final examination unless his term of three years shall have been completed, or shall expire at a date not later than three months after the close of the final examinations;" 4) two complete courses of lectures (not within one and the same year); 5) practical anat- omy, two sessions; 6) two courses of clinical and hospital instruction; 7) regular attend- ance upon the daily lectures, quizzes and clinics; 8) examination on all branchestaught in the college. Fees: Matriculation $5; lectures, $75; demonstrator, $10; dissecting material at cost; hospital. $5; graduation, $30; "unofficial course for students who have attended one course of lectures in winter schools, not entitling to graduation, $30." Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1878 64 19 29+ 1879 87 24 27 + 1880 95 38 40 1881 77 31 40 + 1882 75 36 48 1883 87 31 35+ 1884 57 31 54.4 1885 50 26 52 1886 39 18 48.7 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past nine years, forty. Remarks: "To encourage diligence in study and reward the meritorious, the Faculty have established the Roll of Honor, open to any candidate for graduation who will un- dergo written examinations and attain a standard of ninety in one hundred. The diplomas will be marked Distinguised, and the names will be so published in the list of the alumni of the college." 84 JEFFERSON SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. Louisville, Ky. Organized in 1882. This school graduated one class (in 1882). and then suspended op- erations. LOUISIANA: MEDICAL DEPARTMENT, TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA. [Formerly (1847-84) the University of Louisiana.] New Orleans, La. Stanford E. Chaille, M. D., Dean of the Faculty, P. 0. drawer 261. Organized in 1834 as the Medical College of Louisiana. Transferred to the Medical Department of the University of Louisiana in 1817. The civil war caused a suspension during the years 1863,1864 and 1865. This institution was reopened and its annual course of instruction resumed in October, 1865. In 1884 it assumed its present title. The faculty embraces seven professors, two lecturers, two demonstrators and ten chiefs of clinics. Course of Instruction: The annual course of instruction in this college, now in its fifty-third year, commenced October 18, 1886, and closes March 30,1887. A three-years' graded course is recommended but not required. Daily rounds of the Charity Hospital wards are made by all the professors and chiefs of clinics, accompanied by the students. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, ophthamology, otology, pharmacy, clinical medicine and surgery, diseases of children and dermatology. Requirements: For admission, none-For graduation: 1) good moral character; 2)ltwenty-one years of age: 3) three years'^study: 4) two complete courses of dissection; 5) thesis; 6) pass satisfactory examination. Fees: Matriculation. $5; lectures, $140; demonstrator, $10; graduation, $30. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1880-81 *204 41 20 1881-82 *220 +56 25.4 18"2-83 *212 73 34.4 1883-84 *212 +70 33- 1884-85 192 64 33 1885-86 1208 78 37.5 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past six years, ttiirty. ♦Includes pharmacy students. tlncludes pharmacy graduates. tNot including 28 graduates who matriculated. NEW ORLEANS SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. New Orleans, La. Organized in 1856.-Extinct since April, 1870. CHARITY HOSPITAL MEDICAL COLLEGE. New Orleans, La. Organized in 1873.-Extinct since 1877. 85 MEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF THE NEW ORLEANS UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF STRAIGHT UNIVERSITY. New Orleans, La. "Both are for colored students, and open to males and females. I do not know that any medical diplomas have actually been issued from either. If so, we could not recog- nize them here, for they certainly have not given such courses of instruction as to qual- ify men or women to practice medicine." (.Official letter, Louisiana State Board of Health.) MAINE. MEDICAL SCHOOL OF MAINE, AT BOWDOIN COLLEGE Brunswick, Me. Alfred Mitchell, M. D., Secretary. Organized in 1820. The first class was graduated in 1820. Classes have been gradu- ated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces nine professors and two demonstrators. Course of Instruction: One annual course of lectures of twenty weeks' duration, commencing February 3, 1887, and ending June 23,1887. Clinics are given once a week. Daily examinations are made by the faculty. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, medical jurisprudence, hygiene and histology. Requirements: For admission-"Candidates for matriculation will be required to give evidence that they possess a good English education. Those who are graduates of colleges, normal schools, high schools, or who have passed the entrance examination to any recognized college, on presentation of their diplomas or matriculation tickets, will be exempt from examination." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) three years' study under a regular practitioner, and two full courses of lectures; 4) satisfactory written and oral examination on subjects of the lectures; 5) thesis. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $78; graduation, $25; laboratory, $10. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1878 94 25 26.6 1879 99 31 31.3 1880 105 22 21- 1881 115 30 26+ 1882 104 28 27- 1883 94 28 29.7 1884 99 33 33.3 1885 66 14 21.2 1886 85 20 23.5 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past nine years, twenty-six. PORTLAND SCHOOL FOR MEDICAL INSTRUCTION. Portland, Me. C. O. Hunt, M. D., Registrar. Organized in 1855. No diplomas are conferred. "The aim of the school is to afford to medical students greater facilities for obtaining a higher grade of professional education than can usually be given under the direction of a single preceptor." The faculty embraces ten instructors and one demonstrator. Course of Instruction: Two terms of thirteen weeks each, annually. Systematic recitations will be held in anatomy, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, surgery, chemistry and obstetrics. Lectures embrace, in addition to the foregoing subjects, physical diagnosis, minor and operative surgery, gynecology, physiology and dentistry. 86 Requirements: For admission-"Students will be required to satisfy the instructors that they are possessed not only of a good common-school education, but also of such familiarity with the Latin language as may be acquired by the study of Harkness's Intro- ductory Latin Book and of a knowledge of physics equal to that which may be got from Norton's Elements of Natural Philosophy. The fact of graduation from a college or from a high school or academy, whose curriculum requires the study of these books or the equivalent, will be taken as evidence of these acquirements; but in the absence of such evidence a written examination will be held in which the orthography and syntax will be taken into account. A practical acquaintance with the metric system must be possessed on entrance or made up within the first month of study in the school." Fees: For summer term, $35; for winter term, $40; for the year, $60; demonstrator, $7. ECLECTIC) MEDICAL COLLEGE OF MAINE. Lewiston, Me. Organized in 1881, to "supply a demand for Eclectic medical teaching in New Eng- land." The faculty embraces seven professors, two of whom are not medical men. Course of Instruction: The sixth lecture session begins January 3, 1887, and con- tinues sixteen weeks. Lectures embrace anatomy, chemistry, materia medica and specific medication, phy- siology and mental diseases, theory and practice of medicine, principles and practice of surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, diseases of women and children, medical jurispru- dence and clinical medicine and surgery. Requirements: For admission-"Applicants for admission to this college must be eighteen years of age, and unless they are graduates from some college, normal school, academy or high school, will be expected to possess a good common school education." For graduation: "Candidates for the degree of Doctor of Medicine must give the faculty satisfactory evidence that they have studied medicine three full years under the direction of a physician who is himself a graduate of some chartered medical college, at- tended two full courses of medical lectures, present a certificate of good moral character, present to the dean, with the graduating fee, two weeks at least before the close of the session, an original thesis upon some medical topic, and pass a satisfactory examination in anatomy, physiology, surgery, chemistry, obstetrics, materia medica, therapeutics, theory and practice in medicine and medical jurisprudence." Fees: Matriculation (paid but once), $5; lectures, $65; demonstrator's ticket. $10; gradu- ation, $25. "Female students will be admitted for half of the above fees, paying full fee for matriculation and graduation only." Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1881-82 23 3 13 1882-83 38 14 37 1883-84 24 7 29 1884-85 10 11 110 1885-86 25? 5 20 Remarks: In the first years of its existence this institution evidently acted in good faith, but from the above statement, taken from its last announcement, and from other information obtained, it does not appear to be doing so at the present time. It has been repudiated by the Maine Eclectic Medical Society, the Massachusetts Eclectic Medical Society and the National Eclectic Medical Society. A movement is now on foot to have its charter annulled, and this should be done as soon as possible. The last course of lectures was delivered by only three professors, two of them recent graduates of the school. Diplomas not recognized. THE DRUIDIC UNIVERSITY OF MAINE. Lewiston, Me. C. P. Davidson, M. D., Rector. "The Gorsedh of Maine was inaugurated in 1874; it has holden its sessions regularly ever since. It was incorporated (along with its University Branch) in 1880, by an act of the Maine Legislature. Its corporate existence is perpetuated, not by University labors, but by due performance of the ancient rites at the stated seasons. The incorporators were and are the total of members composing the Gorsedh of Maine."* The faculty embraces nine professors, and one demonstrator of electricity and mag- netism. *The Gorsedh is the educational repository of the United Ancient Order of Druids. 87 Course of Instruction: "The annual course of lectures of the Druidic University of Maine commences at Lewiston on June 21,188-, and closes June 21,188-." "The instruction at this University consists of didactic lectures, chemical teaching, recitations, and practical teaching on subjects involving manifestations, including medi- cal and surgical electricity in all its forms." Lectures embrace materia medica and temperance physiology, gynecology, ophthal- mic and otic surgery, obstetrics, diseases of women and children, anatomy, and physi- ology, medical and surgical electricity, hygiene, chemistry, medical jurisprudence, prin- ciples and practice of medicine, methods and practice of surgery, unrinology, pharmacy, operative dentistry, and demonstrations of electricity and magnetism. Requirements: For admission-"Candidates for admission must give evidence of good moral character, and of having had the advantages of at least a good common school education. A knowledge of the rudiments of the Latin language is desirable." For graduation: "Candidates for the degree of Doctor of Medicine must be twenty- one years of age and of good moral character. Students attending any other institution? with a view to Qualifying themselves for graduation at this University, shall do so under the direction of a Druidic preceptor, who shall furnish them with a certificate of attend- ance, which will be taken as evidence of qualification and time. They must present an original thesis on some medical subject, and pass a satisfactory examination in 1) anat- omy; 2) physiology: 3) chemistry; 4) obstetrics; 5) materia medica and therapeutics; 6) surgery; 7) pathology and practice of medicine." Fees: "Matriculation fee, $5: practical anatomy, $10; lectures for one session, $75; lectures for second session, $75; students, by purchase of the perpetual lecture ticket^ will reduce the amount to $125; and diploma free. "Graduates of other chartered colleges intending to graduate from this University must pay for tuition $40. Male and female students admitted on equal terms. Time for graduation, June 21 every year, at Lewiston, Me." "Specialfor Students: The instructors and examiners of the University shall be super-graduates of the University. Super-graduates are authorized to instruct students either at his own residence or elsewhere, and to furnish them with certificates of attendance." "School for Medical and Surgical Nursing in all its branches, at the Druidical Univer- sity, 59 Park street, Lewiston. Me. Instructions will be given by medical faculty of the University and of the Maine Medical Infirmary or Hospital" (York's Institution). After reciting what is to be taught and giving the requirements and fees, the following statement is made: " When a person graduates in nursing, it is really graduating in medi- cine and surgery, with specific limitations From a supplement to the annual announcement for the course of 1885-86, issued dur- ing midsummer, 1885, the following extracts are taken: "The individual chairs of Pre- ceptors are considered as Academies of Learning, combining duties and studies which are purely Bardic with those that belong to the Adjuncts: ('the Seminaries, Academies^ and Colleges of Instruction') for time of connection therewith, students get full credit." "The Rector of the Faculty is an intermediary between the President (or managing Vice-President) and the professional staff; and his duty is to guide and control the course of teaching." "Diplomas and certificates can be issued by the President or managing Vice-President, signed and sealed by himself." "Members of the faculty, as such, may sign cards of at- tendance, but not diplomas." "Deqrees: All university studies and trainings have five degrees, namely: those of Assistants; the Bachelor; the Master; the Junior Doctor, and the Senior Doctor. Pre- vious study and experience ai e to be taken into account in the case of each candidate,and credit allowed for the same. Physicians and surgeons, literati, lawyers, etc., by the pro- visions of section 22 of the charter, have the privilege of presenting themselves for exam- ination at midsummer. The previous studies and experience (with the period thereof) of each candidate should be timely reported to the Arch Bard, whose part it is to interpret laws and usages relative thereunto." Attendance at a hospital is commanded in Sec. 21 of the charter, that the student may be furnished with clinical experience. For that purpose the Medical Infirmary of the City of Lewiston* (incorporated by the legislature in 1871) is both suitable and convenient, and its rooms are now dedicated to the service of the university. Remarks: In the report on Medical Education for 1883, this institution was alluded to, but in that for 1884 it was omitted. Attention has been called to it by the presentation in Indiana of one of its diplomas, by a man who recently left this State not being able to comply with the requirements of this Board, and who could not have attended one of their annual courses during the time which elapsed between his departure from this State and the presentation of his diploma in Indiana. The following is taken from the Portland Press of Sept. 2.1886: "Dr. D. H. Owen, President of the Druidic Corporation and College in Maine, has with- drawn and canceled the dispensation granted by him in 1882, enabling that body to locate at Lewiston. It now returns home to the chair of Penobscot on the Mattawamkeag waters, at Sherman and Island Falls, where it was first assembled after incorporation. By this action the current medical prospectus of the corporation becomes inoperative." *Dr. Samuel York is the proprietor of this Infirmary; he is also Vice-President and one of the professors in the University. 88 MARYLAND. UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND, SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. Baltimore, Md. J. Edwin Mfchael, M. D., Dean. Organized in 1807, as the Medical College in the City of Baltimore. In 1812, faculties of law, theology and arts were added, and the whole chartered under the name of the University of Maryland. The degree of M. D. was conferred in 1810, and degrees have been conferred each year since. The faculty embraces ten professors, four lecturers, five demonstrators, three pro- sectors, and ten dispensary physicians and chiefs of clinics. Course of Instruction: The eightieth annual session began October 4,1886, and closes about the end of March, 1887. Clinical lectures, introductory to the regular ses- sion, were held through September. A three years' course recommended, but not re- quired. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics, gynecology, hygiene, toxi- cology, ophthalmology, otology, diseases of the throat and chest, diseases of children, diseases of the nervous system, dermatology, clinical medicine and surgery. Requirements: For admission, none. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age: 2) two full courses of lectures; 3) thesis; 4) evidence of attendance on clinical lectures on medicine and surgery; 5) practical anat- omy course; 6) good moral character; 7) faithful and regular attendance on lectures and clinics; 8) examination in all the branches taught. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $120; demonstrator, $10: graduation, $30. "In accor- dance with a usage which has arisen in other schools, a number of scholarships have been created, to which are appointed students unable to pay the full rates. The holders of these scholarships pay only $60 for the professors' tickets. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 135 49 36.2 1878-79 134 53 40+ 1879-80 173 66 48+ 1880-81 193 73 37.9 1881-82 197 73 37.8 1882-83 203 97 47.7 1883-84 188 74 39.3 1884-85 200 75 37.5 1885-86 *198 78 39.3 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past nine years, thirty-nine. *Not including three graduates who matriculated. WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. Baltimore, Md. Organized in 1827, as the Medical Department of Washington College, Pennsylvania. The first class was graduated in 1828, and classes were graduated under the auspices of Washington College until 184C, when the Maryland Legislature empowered the institution to assume the above title. Lectures were delivered and classes graduated until 1851, when it became extinct. In 1867 the institution was reorganized and lectures were thence delivered until 1877, when the institution was merged into the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Baltimore (vide infra.) COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS. Baltimore, Md. Thomas Opie, M-. D., Dean, 197 North Howard street. Organized in 1872. The first class was graduated in 1873. Classes have been gradu- ated each subsequent year. In 1877 the Washington University . School of Medicine was united with this college. The faculty embraces twelve professors, two lecturers and four demonstrators. Course op Instruction: Two courses of lectures are given during the year. The winter graduating sessions of 1886-87 began October 1, 1886, and will end March 15, 1887. The spring course begins March 16, 1887, and continues until June 16. A three years' graded course is recommended, but not required. Clinics in hospitals and dispensary. 89 Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, ophthalmology, otology, pharmacy, dental surgery, diseases or the chest and throat, diseases of children, diseases of the nervous system, genito-urinary diseases, pathological histology, orthopedic surgery, and clinical medicine and surgery. Requirements: For admission, none. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) good English education; 4; three years' study; 5) satisfactory examination. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $120; graduation, $30; laboratory materials, $4; spring term, $15. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 165 65 39.9 1878-79 211 80 38- 1879-80 336 110 37.7 1880-81 328 143 43.6 1881-82 346 158 45.7 1882-83 322 109 33 9 1883-84 400 127 31 7 1884-85 426 155 36.3 1885-86 *341 149 45+ Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past nine years, thirty-eight.' ♦Not including four graduates who matriculated. BALTIMORE MEDICAL COLLEGE. Baltimore, Md. William Lee, M. D., Dean, S. E. cor. Eutaw and Hoffman streets. Organized in 1881. First class graduated in 1882, and classes have been graduated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces thirteen professors, three lecturers and one demonstrator. Course of Instruction: The sixth annual session began October 1.1886, and continues until the last of March. 1887. "A spring course commencing Apri„ 1887, and ending June 10, will be held for those wishing to continue their studies, but is not recognized as a reg- ular course." Lectures embrace surgery, anatomy, pathology, chemistry, materia medica and ther- apeutics, theory and practice of medicine, physiology, obstetrics, orthopedic surgery, gynecologv, diseases of children, hygiene and sanitary science, medical jurisprudence, ophthalmology and otology, diseases of the nose, throat and chest, diseases of the nerv- ous system and Insanity, diseases of the genito-urinary organs, microscopy,and the usual clinics held in every school. Requirements: For admission, none. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) two full courses of lectures; 4) regular attendance upon lectures; 5) satisfactory examination; 6) thesis. Fees: Matriculation, $5; demonstrator, $10; lectures, $120; graduation, $30. "Special privileges are sometimes granted to poor but deserving young men in con- formity with the usages of the times, and these are only required to pay one-half the reg- ular fees." Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session, Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1881-^2 46 17 38.2 1882-83 52 20 38.4 1883-84 28 14 50 1884-85 25 8 32 1885-86 40 8 20 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past five years, thirty-five. 90 WOMAN'S MEDICAL COLLEGE OF BALTIMORE. Baltimore, Md. Richard Henry Thomas, M. D., Dean, 207 N. Howard street. Organized in 1882. The first class was graduated in 1883. The faculty embraces ten professors, three lecturers, one demonstrator, three in- structors and ten clinical assistants. Course of Instruction: One annual graduating session: that of 1886-87 began Octo- ber 1. 1886, and continues until the 1st of May, 1887. The course of study is graded and a three-years'course is recommended, but students are allowed, upon preceptor's certifi- cate of twelve months' medical study, to pursue a two years' graded course. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, principles and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics, gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, ophthalmology and otology, diseases of throat and chest, diseases of children, pharmacy, clinical medicine and surgery. Requirements: For admission-"Every student entering this institution will be re- quired to present, 1) a credible certificate of good moral character; 2) a diploma from a re- spectable institution of learning or a first-grade teacher's certificate. Lacking this, she must pa-s a satisfactory examination before a committee of the faculty on the usual ele- mentary English branches taught in public schools, viz: English grammar, history, geo- graphy, arithmetic, elementary physics and composition." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) three full courses of lectures, or two full courses of lectures after one year's study under a preceptor: 3) one full dissection; 4) evidence of having attended the clinics; 5) examination on all the branches; 6) good moral character. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures. $60: demonstrator, $10; graduation, $30. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at' each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1882-3 19 1 5 2 1883-4 22 5 22.7 1884-5 9 4 44.4 1885-6 14 3 21.4 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past four years, twenty. BALTIMORE UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. Baltimore, Md. Z. K. Wiley, M. D., Dean, 195 W. Lombard street. Organized in 1884. First class graduated in 1885. The faculty embraces twelve pro- fessors, one demonstrator and three clinical assistants. Course of Instruction: One annual graduating session; that of 1886-87 opened Oc- tober 1,1886, and will terminate about the 15th of March, 1887. A short course of prelimi- nary lectures preceded the regular term. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, surgery, obstetrics, gynecology, microscopy, diseases of throat and lungs, nervous diseases, ophthalmology and otology, diseases of women, dis- eases of children, dermatology, medical jurisprudence. Requirements: For admission, "Students must be possessed of good moral charac- ter, and, unless matriculates of some literary institution or medical college, will be re- quired to furnish sufficient evidence of possessing a good English education." For graduation, candidates must have attended at least two courses of lectures. "The fitness of a candidate lor graduation will be based upon good moral character and regular attendance upon instruction afforded by the college, and upon the result of a final examination, to be determined by a majority of all the votes of the faculty." Fees: Matriculation, $5; demonstrator, $10; lectures, $120; graduation, $30. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1884-85 15 6 40 1885-86 33 17 51.5 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past two years, forty-eight. 91 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. Baltimore, Md. D. C. Gilman, LL. D., President of the University. A preliminary course of training for young men who propose to pursue the study of medicine, was instituted in 1877. Physics, chemistry and biology, with Latin, German, French and English, form the principal eleme ts of this course, with opportunities for study of psychology, logic, history, and other branches of knowledge, according to the requirements of the scholar. " Opportunities are here afforded to a young man, who expects at a later day to take up the study of medicine, to become proficient in laborat' ry work while acquiring a knowledge of German and French, and continuing his general education. A course is ananged.in which physics for the first year, chemistry for the second, and biological study of plants and animals for the third year, are the dominant topics. At the close of this course the student should have become proficient in a knowledge of the physical and chemical laws winch underlie the conditions of life; he should have become familiar with the structure and functions of living things in their normal and healthy condition; he should have become skilled in the use of the microscope and other physiological appa- ratus; and so, when he enters the school of medicine he should know that he has been well prepared for the study of disease and of its treatment, by a training in fundamental sciences which has not only exercised his eye and hand, but has accustomed his mind to accurate habits of observation and inquiry." This course is one of seven groups of studies which lead to the university degree of Bachelor of Arts. The latest official utterance with respect to the organization of the Medical Depart- ment is as follows: "It is generally known that since the beginning of this university a medical school has been projected. Now that the large Johns Hopkins Hospi'al ap- proaches completion, and thirteen admirable buildings are being fitted for their humane purposes, the thoughts of the administration are constantly occupied with the provisions here to be made for advancing those departments of knowledge which pertain to the re- lief of suffering, the prevention of disease and the promotion of physical well-being. It is for this reason that already so much attention has been given to the biological sciences and to courses of study which may fit young men for the successful prosecution of their subsequent professional work. We are nearly ready to take the next step forward. Two sorts of professors are called for in such a medical school as we propose to establish,- those who give all their time to the development of some branch of medical science with- out engaging in practice; and those who, by the constant observation and treatment of disease at the bedside, are best fitted for practical instruction and clinical advice. With the university professors of chemistry and biology, and the medical adviser of the hospi- tal. a professor of pathology is now associated, and negotiations are in successful pro- gress with a professor of therapeutics who may be expected to join the staff a year or more hence. On another occasion the trustees will have the opportunity of presenting these gentlemen to the profession of Baltimore. At the present time, I will only say that Dr. W. H. Welch, (the professor of pathology just referred to), is already here. To his previous acquisitions, which were of the highest order, he has added a year of observa- tion and study in Europe, a year when more than ever before the nature and causes of disease have been considered bv the ablest physicians under circumstances most favor- able for the ascertainment of truth; and we anticipate that he will contribute to the or- ganization of our school of medicine wise counsel, wide knowledge, and the heartiest desire to promote the welfare of his fellow-men by laborious investigations upon the nature of human ailments." It is now thought that the medical school will open in the Autumn of 1887, and that instruction in pathology will be commenced before that time. The gentlemen below named constitute the nucleus of the medical faculty: Daniel 0. Gilman, LL. D.. president; H. Newell Martin, Dr. Sc., M. D., professor of physiology; Ira Remsen, M D., Ph. D.. professor of chemistry; William H. Welch, M. D., professor of pathology; John 8. Billings, M. D., LL. D., lecturer on public hygiene; William T. Councilman, M. D., associate in pathology. MASSACHUSETTS. HARVARD UNIVERSITY MEDICAL SCHOOL. Boston, Mass. H. P. Bowditch, M. D., Dean, Boylston and Exeter streets. Organized in 1782. The first class was graduated in 1783, and classes have been grad- uated in each subsequent year. The officers of instruction are nine professors, nine assistant professors, one curator, four demonstrators, one assistant demonstrator, nine instructors, two lecturers, eight as- sistants to chairs and thirteen special clinical instructors. The faculty consists of the professors, assistant professors and other officers of instruction appointed for a longer term than one year. Course of Instruction: Instruction in this school is given by lectures, recitations, clinical teaching and practical exercises; uniformly distributed throughout the academic year. The year begins on the Thursday following the last Wednesday in September, and ends on the last Wednesday in June The course of study recommended by the faculty covers four years, but the degree of Doctor of Medicine continues to be given upon the completion of three years' study. The degree of Doctor of Medicine cum laude is given 92 to candidates who have pursued a complete four years' course, and obtained an average of75 per cent, in all the examinations of this course; and a certificate of attendance on the studies of the fourth year will be given to such students desiring it as shall have attended the course, and have passed a satisfactory examination in the studies of the same. The division of studies in the three-years' course is as follows: First year-anatomy, physiology, general chemistry, materia medica and hygiene. Second year-practical and topographical anatomy, medical chemistry, pathological anatomy, clinical medicine, surgery and clinical surgery. Third year-therapeutics, obstetrics, Itheory and practice of medicine, clinical medicine, surgery, clinical surgery, ophthalmology, dermatology, syphilis, otology, laryngology, mental diseases, diseases of the nervous system, diseases of woman, diseases of children, and forensic medicine. In the four-years'course, the first and second year's studies are the same as in the three-years'course: and in the third year of the four-years'course attention is confined to therapeutics, obstetrics, theory and practice of medicine, clinical medicine, surgery and clinical surgery. During the fourth year the subjects are ophthalmology, otology, dermatology, syphilis, laryngology, mental diseases, diseases of the nervous system, diseases of women, diseases of children, obstetrics, clinical and operative obstetrics, clinical medicine, clinical and operative surgery, forensic medicine, hygiene and bacteri- ology. Opportunities for original research are offered to advanced students and graduates in the laboratories of anatomy, physiology, chemistry, histology and pathology. Facilities for clinical study are afforded in the Massachusetts General Hospital, the Boston City Hospital, the Massachusetts Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary, the Marine Hospital at Chelsea, the Boston Dispensary and the Free Hospital for Women. There are twenty-five appointments annually for internes in the various hospitals, and as many more for as- sistants in the out-patient departments. Requirements: "All candidates for admission, except those who have passed an examination for admission to Harvard College, must present a degree in letters, science or medicine from a recognized college or scientific school, or pass an examination in the following subjects, 1) every candidate will be required to write, legibly and correctly, an English composition of not less than two hundred words, and also write English prose from dictation; 2) the translation of easy Latin prose; 3) a competent knowledge of physics; 4) each candidate must pass an approved examination in any one of the following subjects: French, German, the elements of algebra or plane geometry, botany. Students who began their professional studies elsewhere may be admitted to advanced standing; but. all persons who apply for admission to the advanced classes must pass an examination in the branches already pursued by the class to which they seek admission, and furnish a satisfactory certificate of time spent in medical studies. No student shall advance with his class or be admitted to advanced standing, until he has passed the required exam- ination in the studies of the previous year or a majority of them; nor shall he become a member of the third class until he has passed all the examinations of the first, in addition to a majority of those in the second year." For graduation: "Every candidate must be twenty-one years of age, and of good moral character; must give evidence of having studied medicine three or four full years; must have spent at least one continuous year at this school; must have presented a satis- factory thesis, and have passed the required examination." Written examinations on all the main subjects of instruction are distributed, for regular students, through their entire course of study. "In addition to these written examinations, each student is required to present a written report of the analysis of a solution containing inorganic substances, and of a specimen of urine, to examine and report upon a clinical case in surgery, and to take charge of and report upon two cases in obstetrics; each student must also have satis- factorily dissected the three parts of the body." Fees: Matriculation (pavable once only), $5; lectures, full year, $200; one-half year, $120; special courses,$15 to $30 each. Six scholarships of the value $200 or $300 are annually awarded to needy and deserving students. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 227 47 20.7 1878-79 253 70 27.6 1879-80 263 45 17.1 1880-81 251 . 60 23.9 1881-82 233 77 33+ 1+82-83 229 74 32 3 1833-84 243 59 24.2 1884-85 249 60 24 + 1885-86 264 66 25 Percentage of graduates to matriculates, for past nine years, twenty-live. BERKSHIRE MEDICAL COLLEGE (Medical Department of Williams College). Pittsfield, Mass. Organized In 1843. Lecture' were delivered until 1867, when the college became ex- tinct. During its existence 1138 students were graduated. 93 NEW ENGLAND BOTANICO-MEDICAL COLLEGE. Worcester, Mass. Organized in 1818. Reorganized in 1852 as the Worcester Medical College, Eclectic. WORCESTER MEDICAL COLLEGE-Eclectic. Worcester, Mass. Organized in 1852.-See above. In 1857 it was decided to remove this school to Boston, where one course of lectures was given (1857-58). It was moved back to Worcester again the following winter, and became extinct in 1859. NEW ENGLAND FEMALE MEDICAL COLLEGE-Homeopathic. Boston, Mass. Organized in 1848. Lectures were delivered and classes graduated until 1874, when it was merged into the Boston University School of Medicine, (vide infra). BOSTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE-Homeopathic. Boston, Mass. I. Tisdale Talbot, M. D., Dean. 66 Marlborough street. Organized in 1873. The first class was graduated in 1874. Classes have ,been gradu- ated each subsequent year. In 1874 the New England Female Medical College was united with this school. • The faculty embraces eleven professors, fourteen lecturers, three assistants, one demonstrator, one curator and one librarian. Course of Instruction: The school year is divided into three terms, as follows: The first term began October 14, 1886, and continues to December 24,1886; the second term begins January 3, 1887, and continues to March 11, 1887; the third term begins March 21, 1887, and continues to June 1.1887. A three-years'graded course is required, and a four- years' graded course is recommended. The degrees of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of. Surgery are granted to students of the four-years' course at the end of the third year. To each term and each year certain studies are assigned, in which the student is required to become proficient, as shown by examination, before entering upon more advanced studies. The arrangement of studies for the three-years course is as follows: First year- anatomy, physiology, general chemistry, microscopy, histology, methodology and dis- sections. Second year-medical chemistry, minor surgery, surgical anatomy, sur- gery and surgical pathology, general pathology and pathological anatomy, special pathology and therapeutics, materia mediea and pharmaceutics, obstetrics, gynecology, pedology, auscultation and percussion, laryngoscopy and diseases of the throat, and sanitary science. Third year-operative surgery, general pathology and pathological anatomy, special pathology and therapeutics, materia mediea. practical and operative obstetrics, ophthalmology and otology, dermatology, insanity and nervous diseases, medi- cal jurisprudence, "ethics and esthetics," clinics and clinical reports in various depart- ments, thesis. In the four-years'course the studies of the first year are the same as in the three- years' course: special dissections, histology and microscopy are substituted for gynecol- ogy and pedology in the second year; operative surgery, practical and operative obstetrics, materia mediea, special pathology and therapeutics, general pathology and pathological anatomy, pedology, gvnecology and clinics occupy the third year; and the fourth year continues materia mediea, clinics and clinical reports, and takes up ophthal- mology. otology, dermatology, insanity, nervous diseases, medical jurisprudence, "ethics and esthetics," and dispensary practice. Requirements: For admission-"Candidates who have taken their first degree in arts, philosophy or science are admitted without examination. All others, before matric- ulation, are examined in the following branches: 1) in orthography, English composition and penmanship, by means of a page written at the time and place of examination; 2) arithmetic, geography and English grammar, if there be any doubt whether the can- didate has sufficient attainment therein; 3) in elementary physics, by an examination in Stewart's Primer of Phvsics; 4) in Latin, by requiring a translation from Harkness's Latin Reader at sight. Candidates must be at least nineteen years old, or, if they intend to pursue a four-years' course, within six months of nineteen. For graduation: "Candidates for the degree of Bachelor of Medicine or Bachelor of Surgery must have studied medicine three full years, the last of which was in this school, and must have pas-ed examinations in all the branches of the first three years of the four-years'course in this school with a minimum average of eighty per cent. Candi- dates for the degree of Doctor of Medicine must be twenty-one years of age and of good moral character: must have studied medicine at least three years under competent in- struction; must have attended a least three full and reputable courses of lectures, the 94 last in this school;" and must sustain a satisfactory examination. The candidate must also furnish a thesis in which shall be cited the authorities for all statements of fact and opinion advanced, other than original, and these latter he must be prepared to pub- licly defend. Fees: Matriculation. $5; laboratory, $5; practical anatomy. $10; dissection second and third parts, $10; operative obstetrics, full course, $10; lectures, $125; lectures, three years, $200; lectures, four years, $250; graduation, $30. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matricuates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 169 48 25.4 1878-79 149 35 23.5 1879-80 127 35 27.6 1880-81 110 26 23.6 1881-82 110 29 26 3 1882-83 109 30 27.5 1883-84 97 34 35 1884-85 91 26 28.5 1885-86 *97 18 18.5 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the years reported, twenty-six. ♦Not including one M. D. who matriculated, COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS. Boston, Mass. C. P. Thayer, M. D., Registrar, 350 Columbus avenue. Organized in 1880. The first class was graduated in 1881 The faculty embraces nine professors, nine lecturers, four instructors, one demon- strator, and three clinical assistants. Course of Instruction: The college term for the seasonl886-87 began on the second Wednesday in October, 1886. and ends on the second Wednesday in May, 1887. Course of study is graded and extends over three years, but three courses of lectures are not abso- lutely demanded. Instruction consist of didactic lectures with demonstrations, clinical teaching, recitations and practical teaching on subjects involving manipulation. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, diseases of the nervous system, ophthalmology and otology, his- tology, dermatology, laryngology, diseases of children, orthopedic surgery, clinical med- icine, clinical surgery, genito-urinary diseases. Requirements: For admission, "Candidates for matriculation will be required to give evidence that they possess a good moral character, and a good English education, in- cluding a knowledge of elementary physics (heat, light and electricity), and must have sufficient knowledge of Latin as Is necessary for a medical education. Persons who have studied medicine with a regular physician one or more years, or who have attended one full course of lectures at a recognized medical college, or students who have taken two full courses ot lectures, may be admitted to the second or third year's course after exam- ination in the branches of the first course." Women are admitted upon the same terms as men. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years ot age: 2) thesis; 3) three years' study; 4) two full courses of lectures; 5) dissected three parts; 6) fulfllllall requirements of laboratory work; 7) satisfactory examination. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $85; demonstrator, $5; anatomical material for each part, $3; graduation, $30. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1880-81 24 - - 1881-82 49 11 22.4 1882-83 34 10 16.6 1883-81 44 6 13.6 1884-85 45 5 11.1 1885-86 30 4 13 3 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past six years, sixteen. 95 NEW ENGLAND UNIVERSITY OF ARTS AND SCIENCES. Boston, Mass. Fraudulent.-Extinct. After the repeal of the charter of the New England University of the Arts and Sciences, of New Hampshire, diplomas were sold bearing the same name, but dated at Boston instead of at Manchester, N. H. This continued until the summer of 1881, when another expose was made by the Illinois State Board of Health, which resulted in putting a stop to the further sale of these diplomas. BELLEVUE MEDICAL COLLEGE OF MASSACHUSETTS. Boston, Mass. Organized in 1880. A fraudulent institution, exposed by the Illinois State Board of Health in 1882. In 1883 the charter was repealed.-See below. MEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF THE AMERICAN UNIVERSITY OF BOSTON. FIRST MEDICAL COLLEGE OF THE AMERICAN HEALTH SOCIETY. EXCELSIOR MEDICAL COLLEGE. The exposure, in November, 1882. by the Illinois State Board of Health, of the fraudulent Bellevue Medical College of Massachusetts, led to the correction of a flagrant abuse in connection with the issuing of medical diplomas in Massachusetts. The "Belle- vue" was organized under the "Public Statutes relating to Manufacturing and other Cor- porations," and its first officers, on the trial which resulted from the exposure referred to, pleaded that they were legally incorporated, and were empowered by the laws of Massa- chusetts to issue diplomas and confer degrees without any restriction as to course of study or professional attainments. The United States Commissioner, before whom the trial was had, held the plea to be valid, and dismissed the case, with the following re- marks:- "The State has authorized this college to issue degrees, and it has been done accord- ing to legal right. * * * The jaw makes the faculty of the college the sole judges of eligibility of applicants for diplomas. There is no legal restriction.no legal require- ments. If the faculty choose to issue degrees to incompetent persons, the laws of Massa- chusetts authorize it." As a result of this decision, the "American University of Boston," and the "First Med- ical College of the American Health Society." were incorporated under the same au- thoriy as the "Bellevue;" and the "Excelsior Medical College" and others were projected. The passage (June 30,1883 ) of an act forbidding any corporation, organized under the public statutes above referred to, from conferring medical degrees or issuing diplomas, or ■certificates conferring or purporting to confer degrees, unless specially authorized by the Legislature so to do. deprived these concerns of the only object of their creation, namely the sale of fraudulent diplomas. This action and the exposure which led thereto, resulted in breaking up the sale of diplomas in Boston. MICHIGAN. DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE AND SURGERY OF THE UNI- VERSITY OF MICHIGAN. Ann Arbor, Mich. A. B. Palmer, M. D., Dean of the Faculty. Organized in 1850. The first class was graduated in 1851. Classes have been gradu- ated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces eleven professors, six assistants to the professors, two demon- strators, one instructor and curator, one house physician and surgeon, and one ward master in the University Hospital. Course of Instruction: The thirty-seventh annual session began October 1, 1886, and will end the last of June, 1887, continuing nine months, and being divided into two semesters. At the end of each semester written examinations are held. The course of study is graded and extends over three years. "The students are examined often upon the subjects of the lectures in progress, either by the professors or assistants." 96 Lectures embrace: First year, human and comparative anatomy, embryology, his- tology. physiology, chemistry, botany, physiological chemistry, study of bacteria, and materia medica and therapeutics. Second year, continuation in review of anatomy, his- tology, physiology, chemistry, and materia medica and therapeutics, with electro-thera- peuiics, pathology and practice of medicine, surgery and obstetrics. Third year, practice of medicine, sanitary science, surgery, obstetrics and the diseases of women and children, ophthalmology and otology, and laryngology, with clinical medicine and surgery and clinical gynecology. "The above list will be understood to include all special -tudies that appertain to. and form an essential part of, the general subjects enumerated." Requirements: For admission,!) eighteen years of age; 2) good moral character: 3) no previous study of medicine required for admission, but cand dates will be examined as to their elementary education, and their fitness to pursue properly and profitably the technical study of medicine. The examination will be in writing. The candidate will be asked to give an account of his previous educational advantages, and will be examined on the following: 1st-"A good English education, comprising a competent knowledge of arithmetic, spelling, grammar, the art of composition, and a respectable acquaintance with English literature, such, for instance, as may be found in Shaw's Manual of English Literature, or other similar work." 2d-"A competent knowledge of political and physical geography, such as is contained in advanced school geographies and in Guoyt's Physical Geography." 3d-"An outline of the history of modern civilized nations, and especially of American history, such as may be found in manuals of history." 4th-"A competent knowledge of elementary zoology, including an acquaintance with the characteristics of the principal divisions of the animal kingdom. Packard's Zoology may be cited as an illustration of a work to be studied." "In addition to the above requirements, which alone will be insisted upon, it is recom- mended as being desirable that students obtain such a knowledge of the Latin language as will enable them to read and write correctly current or ordinary prescriptions, and appreciate the technical language of the natural sciences and of medicine. It is also con- sidered highly desirable that they have a general grammatical knowledge of the German and French languages. A similar knowledge of Greek will also be serviceable, and is highly recommended." "Graduates or matriculates of a university or college, or of any academy or high school approved by this faculty: persons holding first-class or approved certificates from any re- liable public school board as being properly qualified as teachers: and persons having certificates, based upon an examination by some recognized medical society, of being properly qualified to engage in the study of medicine, will not be required to pass the above examination." For graduation, "To be admitted to the degree of Doctor of Medicine, a student must be twenty-one years of age and possess a good moral character; he must have completed the required course in practical anatomy and practical chemistry, and, unless the full course of study has been taken in this college, he must have been engaged in the study of medicine for the period of three years, including the time spent in attendance upon lectures. He must also have passed satisfactory examinations on all the studies included in the full course of instruction; or if admitted to advanced standing, he must have at- tended at least two full courses of medical lectures, the last of which was in this college, and must have passed the required examinations." Fees: Matriculation, for residents of Michigan. $10; for non-residents, $25, to be paid but once: lectures, for residents of Michigan, $J5; for non-residents, $35; graduation, for all alike, $10; demonstrator, $20; laboratory, $15. Students: Number of matrieul ites and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877 78 296 98 33+ 1878-79 329 104 31.6 18J9-80 350 91 26 1880-81 380 99 26 1881-82 380 90 23 7 1'*82-83 366 117 32 1883-84 328 85 25.9 1884-85 334 80 23 9 1885-86 325 83 25 5 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past nine years, twenty-seven. DETROIT MEDICAL COLLEGE. Detroit. Mich. Organized in 1868 -Extinct in 1885. See Detroit College of Medicine. 97 DETROIT HOMEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE. Detroit, Mich. Organized in 1871.-Extinct since 187G. MICHIGAN HOMEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE. Lansing, Mich. Organized in 1872.-Extinct, 1873. HOMEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN. Ann Arbor, Mich. Henry L. Obetz, M. D., Dean of the Faculty. Organized in 1875. The first class was graduated in 1877. Classes have been gradu- ated each subsequent year. The faculty enbraces five professors, two assistants to chairs, and a resident phy- sician and surgeon in hospital. Seven professors of the department of medicine and sur- gery (regular school) give Instructions to homeopathic students. Course of Instruction: One annual session; that of 1886-87 began October 1,1886, and will end the last of June. 1887. The course is graced, extending over three years, al- though two courses may suffice under certain conditions (see requirements for gradua- tion). Daily quizzes by the assistants ot the several chairs. Lectures as follows: The first year of the course will include anatomy, histology, general chemistry, minor surgery, materia medica, principles of medicine, preparation of medicines and their action, descriptive and anatomical botany.clinics, physical diagnosis, with the necessary practical work in the chemical and physiological laboratories. This year's work in materia medica will be devoted to teaching the source, nature, origin and method of preparing remedies, with their physiological action, and a general survey of their pathogeneses, in the second year the above studies, including histology and minor surgery, will be reviewed, and the student will take up general and special therapeutics, in connection with materia medica, diseases of women and children, with clinical work, materia medica, qualitative chemistry and analysis of urine, pathological anatomy, prin- ciples and practice of medicine (including hygiene or preventive medicine), principles of surgery, and ophthalmology and otology. The materia medica work of this year will consist of special analyses and syntheses of drug-provings. In addition, the student will attend such didactic, and clinical lectures on the practical branches as his progress shall render advisable. In the third year the student will enter upon the study of operative surgery .electro-therapeutics, spinal diseases and curvatures, and review obstetrics, materia medica, diseases of women and children, the principles and practice of medicine, and ophthalmology and otology, and receive practical instruction in diagnosis and treat- ment, both theoretical and clinical. Requirements: For admission-b.fighteen years of age and good moral character; 2) unless already a matriculate of the university, or a graduate of some respectable col- lege, academy or high school, or possessing a first-grade teacher's certificate, every can- didate will be examined as to his previous education and his fitness to enter upon and appreciate the technical study of medicine. The diploma or certificate of graduation from such institutions must be presented to the dean of the faculty in order to secure exemp- tion from examination. The examination will be in writing, and will cover the ordinary branches of a common school English education. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character: 3) three years' study; 4) must have attended at least seventy-five per cent, of the regular lectures; 5) must have spent the required tim- in practical anatomy, chemical analysis, etc., in the various laboratories and hospitals; 6) must have attended the usual quizzes and dtills by the assistants of the several chairs; 7) must also have passed sati-factory examinations in all the studies included in the curriculurhpor, if admitted to advanced standing, he must have attended at least two full courses of medical lectures the last at this college,and pass the required examinations. Students who have completed full college courses tor the first and second years in an accredited medical college will be permitted, upon examina- tion, to enter the third vear and complete the studies of that year in this department, and to present themselves for examination for the degree at the end of the year. Students who have attended one full course of lectures in any accredited medical college previous to 1880 will be admitted to advanced standing in the course required in this department, and may be graduated on the conditions in force prior to that date. Students who have studied medicine elsewhere at least one college year, and who possess superior qualifi- cations, may be admitted, on examination, to advanced standing. Fees: Matriculation, for residents of Michigan, $10; for non-residents, $25, (paid but once). Lectures, for residents of Michigan, $25; for non-residents, $35. Graduation, for all alike. $10. Course in chemical laboratory, $15; in hy stological laboratory, $1; in electro- therapeutics, $1; in anatomy, $10. 98 Siudents: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 73 22 30+ 1878-79 63 25 40- 1879-80 70 18 25.7 1889-81 88 23 26 1881-82 71 15 21 + 1882-83 57 17 29 1883-84 55 20 36.3 1884-85 34 6 17 6 1885-86 49 17 34.7 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past nine years, twenty-nine. MICHIGAN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE. Detroit, Mich. Organized in 1880.-Extinct in 1885. See Detroit College of Medicine. DETROIT COLLEGE OF MEDICINE. Detroit, Mich. C. J. Lundy, M. D., Secretary. 52 Lafayette avenue. Organized in 1885 by the consolidation of the Detroit Medical College and the Michi- gan College of Medicine, and incorporated by act of Legislature, June, 1885. The faculty embraces twenty-eight professors and five assistants, two lecturers and two demonstrators. Course of Instruction: The regular session began September 22,1886, and will close March 22,1887. The spring session will begin March 30, and close June 15, 1887. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstet'ies and gynecology, state medicine and hygiene, otology, ophthalmology, dermatology, laryngology, clinical medi- cine and surgery, genito-urinary diseases, dental surgery, diseases of children and ortho- pedic surgery. Requirements: For admission-"All matriculates of the Detroit College of Medicine will be required to show, on examination, a satisfactory knowledge of the English branches. In place of this examination the eolkge will accept the degree of A. B., B. S., Ph. D„ certificates of having passed the entrance examination of any incorporated literary college, or any recognized medical college in which an examination is required for ad- mission; also certificates of having graduated at any high school or academy." For graduation: 1) evidence of good moral character; 2) twenty-one years of age; 3) three years' study of medicine; 4} two full courses of lectures: 5) dissected every part of the cadaver; 6) a satisfactory course of practical work in the chemical laboratory and in the physiological laboratory; 7) practical clinical work for one term in hospital and out- door clinics. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $50; hospital, $10; graduation, $30. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates, and percentage of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent 1885-86 116* 46 39.6 ♦Not including one graduate who matriculated. MINNESOTA. MEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNE- SOTA, AND MEDICAL EXAMINING BOARD. Minneapolis, Minn. Perry H.Millard,M. D., Secretary of the Faculty, Stillwater, Minn. Organized in 1883. The faculty embraces nine professors. This department is organized by the regents of the University, under their charter empowering them to grant degrees in medicine. The law regulating the nractice of medicine in Minnesota makes this faculty also the State Medical Examining Board, with powers and duties simi- lar to those conferred upon the State Board of Healih of Illinois by the Illinois med- ical-practice act-that is to examine into the qualifications of those practicing medicine in the State not exempt from the provisions ot the act by reason of length of practice, and. to issue certificates entitling to such practice: 1) to those who establish the fact of gradu- ation from a legally chartered medical institution in good standing; and 2) to those who, not being graduates of such institutions, pass a satisfactory examination by said board. 99 As the faculty of the medical department of the University, they examine and recom- mend to the regents candidates for the University degrees in medicine and surgery. No instruction is offered in this college. The faculty is an examining body only. Examina- tions include: 1) the extrance examination; 2) the scientific examination; 3) two or more professional examinations. "I. The entrance examination embraces the English language, including writing spelling, grammar, analysis and composition, arithmetic, elementary algebra, plane geometry, geography, United States history, general history, Latin grammar and reading, or an equivalent knowledge of German, French or Scandinavian. ■'II. The scientific examination embraces physical geography, natural philosophy, elementary botany, chemistry, drawing-free-hand or mechanical. "III. The professional examination embrace anatomy, physiology, pathology, materia medica, therapeutics, medical chemistry, preventive medicine, practice of medi- cine. surgery, obstetrics, diseases of women, diseases of children, diseases of the nervous system, medical jurisprudence." Degrees: "All candidates who pass the entrance, scientific an4 professional examin- ations. including the appropriate clinical and experimental tests incidental thereto, and give satisfactory evidence of having attended three courses of lectures of notless than twenty weeks' duration each, being twenty-one years of age or upwards, and of good moral character, are recommended by the faculty of the college to the board of regents to receive the degeee of Bachelor of Medicine (M. B.), which degree duly conferred is the warrant of the University of Minnesota for the practice of medicine and surgery." "Whenever the examinations in any case evince a high degree of proficiency in the literature, theory and practice of medicine the faculty of the collegejjermit the candidate to present and defend a thesis. This being done to their satisfaction, they recommend the candidate to receive at once the full degree of Doctor of Medicine, (M. D.)" "Any Bachelor of Medicine of this University who furnishes satisfactory evidence that he has been actively engaged in professional practice for three years after his gradua- tion, and who presents and defends a thesis in the manner prescribed, is recommended to receive the degree of Doctor of Medicine ^M. D.) "Doctors of Medicine or other colleges of medicine recognized by the board of regents, upon the recommendation of the faculty of this college, are recommended to receive the degree of Doctor of Medicine of this University, upon successfully defending a thesis in the manner prescribed." "All candidates for the first degree must furnish satisfactory evidence that they have severally pursued the study of medicine for four years in the office of and under the per- sonal direction of a physician in active practice, who is a graduate of some college or school of medicine recognized by the board of regents, upon the recommendation of the faculty of this college. Provided, however, that- "(1.) One course of lectures, with other work incidental thereto, in a college of medi- cine recognized as above, shall (be reckoned as equivalent to eight months of such study." "(2.) One term of six months in a school of medical instruction, organized and con- ducted in conformity with the by-laws, shall be equivalent to one year of such study under a preceptor." "(3) Three courses of lectures, with work incidental thereto, in colleges of medicine recognized as above, shall be equivalent to threelyears of study under a preceptor; one year at least must, in all cases, have been passed in a preceptor's office. "(4.) Graduates of colleges and universities receive a credit of one year on profes- sionalstudy in consideration of superior literary and scientific attainments." The faculty of this college have authority to provide examinations for candidates for licenses in sanitary science, dental surgery and other specialties. Only Bachelors or Doctors of Medicine can become such candidates. All theses must be uponf.-ubjects ap- proved by the faculty, must be founded on original work, and certified as the unaided productions of the candidates. Applicants for degree of M. B. and number of graduates- Session. Applicants. Graduates. Percent. 1884 17 2 - 28.5 1885 15 2 13.3 1886 11 3 27.2 Percentage of graduates to applicants, twenty-one. WINONA MEDICAL SCHOOL. Winona, Minn. Organized in 1872.-Extinct, No diplomas were issued. It was a school of instruction only. MINNESOTA HOSPITAL COLLEGE. Minneapolis, Minn. F. A. Dunsmore, M. D., Dean of the College. Organized in 1881 as the successor of the St. Paul Medical College, founded in 1878. Reorganized in 1885 under its present title. The faculty embraces eighteen professors, four lecturers and one demonstrator. 100 Coubse of Instbuction: The collegiate year embraces a spring reading course of three months, which commences the first Monday in April, and a regular session which begins the third Monday in September and continues six months. A graded course is recommended, but not required. Instruction is imparted by lectures, recitations, practi- cal work in laboratories and demonstrations, and by hospital and dispensary clinics. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, ophthalmology, otology, laryngology, clinical medicine and sur- gerv, dermatology, diseases of children, toxicology, nervous diseases, orthopedic sur- gery. genito-urinary diseases, medical and surgical dentistry and bacteriology. Requibements: For admission-"Before matriculation the student must pass an ex- amination in the common English branches, including reading, writing, spelling, gram- mar, geography, arithmetic, and .elements of physics. Candidates having a degree in arts or sciences, or presenting a certificate from a high school or other institution in good standing, or a teacher's certificate, will be admitted without examination." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character: 3) dissection of each part of the cadaver; 4) thesis: 5) three years' study; 6) two full courses of lectures. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $50; spring course, $25. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1881-82 25 5 20 1882-83 58 4 7 1883-84 50 7 14 1884-85 51 19 37.2 1885-86 53 9 16.9 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past five years,eighteen. MINNEAPOLIS COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS. Minneapolis, Minn. J. T. Moobe, M. D., Dean of the Faculty. Organized in 1883. The faculty embraces thirteen professors,'one adjunct professor and a demonstrator of anatomy. Coubse of Instbuction: The winter course began September 20,1886, and will con- tinue six months. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, materia medica and therapeutics, chemistry and toxicology, theory and practice of medicine, surgery, obstetrics, gynecology, dis- eases of children, ophthalmology, otology, nervous diseases, medical jurisprudence, preventive medicine and genito-urinary and orthopedic surgery. Regulations and Requibements: 1) "Preliminary examination. This will be re- quired of all students before matriculation. * * * q'he examination shall consist of: (a) English language including grammar and composition (this shall include spelling, writing, grammatical construction of sentences, and derivation of words in common use); (&) United states History, a history of applicant's native country; (c) modern geography; (d) elements of mathematics; (e) Latin, medical (optional, to be passed at any time before the final examination)." "Satisfactory evidence of having passed a similar examination before any authorized body will be accepted in lieu of the above." 2) "Stu- dents, to obtain certificates of attendance, must attend seventy-five percent, of all the lectures on every branch taught: 3; the medical course shall con-ist of three win- ter sessions of six months each * * * the last course must be spent in this col- lege; a properl v certified year's study in a regula ly qualified practitioner's office, upon passing a satisfactory examination before the faculty, will be taken in lieu of one year's study: 4) a certificate of having attended two winters upon practical anatomy, and of at least having gone over one lateral half of the human bcdy; 5) a certificate of two winters' attendance upon clinical instruction; 6) evidence will be required of having attended two obstetrical cases; 7) upon completion of the above course the candidates may come be- fore the Examining Board for the degree of Doctor of Medicine; or, if preferred, they will be sent be'ore the examining faculty of the University of Minnesota for the degree of that body." Fees: Matriculation. $5: demonstrator's ticket, $5; lecturer's fees (full course), $40; final examination, $10. Students having paid fees in full for two years are admitted to third year upon payment of matriculation fee only. 101 Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1883-81 *6 - - 1884-8> 13 2 15.3 1883 86 16 3 18.7 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past two years, seventeen. *One student graduated at State University, as the college had not at that date com- pleted arrangements for conferring degrees. ST. PAUL MEDICAL COLLEGE. St. Paul. Minn. LeGrand N. Denslow, M. D., Secretary of the Faculty. Organized in 1885, the present college is a reorganization of the school of the same name founded in 1878, but which during the past five years has been associated with the Minnesota Hospital College. The faculty embraces nineteen professors, five adjunct professors and one demon- strator. Course of Instruction: The winter session of 1886-87 began October 4,1886, and ends March 5, 1887. The spring session will begin the middle of March and end about the last of May, 1887. Lectures embrace diseases of women, principles and practice of surgery, practice of medicine, clinical surgery of genito-urinary diseases, diseases of the mind and nervous system, ophthalmology and otology, diseases of the skin, and syphilis, clinical medicine and hygiene, obstetrics, anatomy, physiology, laryngology, chemistry and toxicology, pathological and histological anatomy, orthopedic surgery, diseases of children and medical jurisprudence. Requirements: For admission-"An entrance examination will be required of all ap- plicants for admission who are not able to present a diploma from a high-school or col- lege, or a teacher's certificate. This examination will include mathematics, English com- position and elementary physics or natural philosophy." For graduation: 1) three full courses of didactic lectures on anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, obstetrics, surgery, theory and practice of medicine; 2) complete dissection of each part of the body; 3) must have studied medi- cine three years, be twenty-oneyears of age, and present certificate of good moral charac- ter: 4) thesis; 5) the requirement of three courses of lectures will not apply to students who have already taken one full course of lectures at the Minnesota College Hospital prior to March, 1885. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $50; practical anatomy, $10; graduation, $25; spring course, $25. Students: Number of matriculates and graduates and percentage of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1885-86 26 13 50. Names of matriculates not given in announcement. MISSISSIPPI. LICENSE TO PRACTICE MEDICINE. In this State two Medical Censors in each Congressional district are chosen annually by the State Medica 1 Association, who meet twice each year to examine applicants for li- cense. All have t > submit to examination regardless of diplomas. Section 17 of the "Act to Regulate the Practice of Medicine" permitted all physicians in the State to procure license, within four months after its passage, without examination. Under this section 1,785 physicians obtained license. About twenty old physicians who failed to apply until it was too late, have been permitted to practice by special act of the Legisla- ture. About one hundred have obtained license by examination, since the passage of the law. 102 MISSOURI. STATE BOARD OF HEALTH OF MISSOURI. St. Louis. Geo. Homan, M. D., Secretary of the Board. Reorganized July 2,1885, having been then in existence two years. The provisions of the acts crea ing the Board and defining its duties and powers are, in all material points, the same as those in Illinois. Its standard of recognition of Medical Colleges as in good standing, is also the same as that established by the Illinois Board. Since its reorganization the Board has pursued the policy of issuing licenses to practice, or certificates, only to graduates-their compliance in every particular with ex- isting requirements being insisted upon. The granting of certificates to non-graduate appl cants upon examinations held by the Board to test their fitness to practice, is viewed with disfavor; and by a resolution passed at the meeting held in October. 1885, it was de- clared as the sense of the Board that this feature of the law should be repealed by the Legislature-it being deemed provisional in nature and no longer beneficially operative; the course advised being that those seeking the legal right to practice in the State should prepare themselves in. and be duly vouched for as to fitness by accredited medical schools before coming before the Board for official recognition and license. The possession by the Board of deleg ited police power, and its judicious exercise in the regulation of medical practice, the licensing of practitioners, the refusal to issue cer- tificates to applicants guilty of unprofessional or dishonorable conduct, and the revoca- tion of licenses for such cause, has been fully sustained and confirmed by the Supreme Court of the State in a decision rendered in December, 1884. In the exercise of its discretion in the determination of what shall be held to consti- tute unprofessional or dishonorable conduct in physicians, the Board is declared to be beyond the reach of mandatory authority; and the same view is affirmed in regard to its power to deal with medical colleges, provided no element of discrimination in favor of or against particular systems or schools, legalized by the State, enters into its decisions. At the July, 1886, meeting the Board decided that schools showing a percentage of graduates to matriculates of 45 or over would be required to offer a satisfactory explana- tion of such excess before their diplomas would be admitted to registration. MISSOURI MEDICAL COLLEGE. Medical Department of the University of the State of Missouri, Section ^o. 2. St. Louis, Mo. T. F. Prewitt, M. D., Dean, corner 22d and Olive streets. Organized in 1840 as the Medical Department of Kemper College. In 1845 it became the Medical Department of the University of the State of Missouri. In 1855 it became the Missouri Medical College. The first class was graduated in 1841.. It was suspended during the war, and no students were graduated in 1862,'63,'64 or'65. It is sometimes called, after its founder. The McDowall Medical College. Under a contract of co-operation entered into June 2,1886, between the University of the State of Missouri at Columbia and the Missouri Medical College at St. Louis, the Col- lege resumes its connection with the University. The following extracts from the con- tract set forth the material features of the present arrangement: 1st-The present Medical School of said University shall be designated and known in this arrangement of association as Section No. 1, of the Medical Department of the University of the State of Missouri; and the said Missouri Medical College at St. Louis shall be de-ignated and known as Section No. 2, of the Medical Department of the University of the Htate of Missouri. 2d-Students who shall complete the preparatory studies and also the studies pre- scribed in the Junior year of Section No. 1, shall receive a certificate to that effect, properly signed by the President, and also the tickets of the several professors of said Section No. 1. 3d-Any student, on the presentation of such certificate and tickets to the said Missouri Medical Colh ge, designated as Section No. 2, shall be entitled to all the privileges of said Section No. 2, but shall be required to pursue only the subjects of study not com- pleted in Section No. I. and shall be required to pay only for the matriculation ticket, and for the tickets to the subjects of study and Instruction required of him in Section No. 2. 4th-Each student, from Section No. 1 who completes the course of study and instruc- tion in Section No. 2, as provided in these articles of agreement, upon passing satisfac- tory examination shall be entitled to a diploma jointly issued by the authorities con- trolling both sections, and all diplomas of Section No. 2, as well as the joint diplomas, shall be signed and delivered by the President of said University. 5th-In the event of prizes, medals or distinctions being awarded, the standing of students from Section No. 1 shall be credited to them in all such contests. 6th-The authorities controlling Section No. 2 are to exercise an active influence in all circulars and catalogues, to Induce students to first complete their Junior course in Section No. 1 at Columbia. [It should be observed that students are not compelled to attend the school at Colum- bia, but may matriculate as heretofore at the college-there being no change in the re- quirements for graduation upon students so entering. The faculty, however, "strongly recommend that as many as can do so take the course of Section No. l."J 103 The faculty embraces fourteen professors, two adjunct professors, three demonstra- tors and five clinical assistants. Course of Instruction: The forty-sixth regular graduating course began October 4.1886, and will continue five months; the spring course will begin on the 7th of March, 1887, and continue through May. This course will consist of clinics and didactic luc- tures. A three-years' graded course is recommended, but not required. Clinics are given at hospitals and dispensary. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical juri-prudence, ophthalmology. otology, histology, biology, clinical medicine, clinical surgery, diseases of the nervous system, diseases of children,,pharmacy and microscopy. Requirements: For admission-"A preliminary examination will take place in ac- cordance with the rules of the State Board, as follows: 1) credible certificate of good moral s'anding; 2) diplomas of graduation from a good literary and scientific college or high school, or a first-grade teacher's certificate; or, lacking this, a thorough examina- tion in the branches of a good English education, including mathematics, English com- position and elementary physics or natural philosophy." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) two full courses of lectures, and attendance upon clinics and dissections so long as a student.of this college; 4) a satisfactory examination. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, <60; graduation, $30; demonstrator, $10. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 210 97 40.4 1''78-79 225 90 40 1879 80 300 120 40 1880-81 265 123 46.4 1881-82 235 125 53 188.'-83 210 86 41 1883-84 252 103 40.8 1884-85 208 88 42 3 1885-86 221 86 38.9 Percentage of graduates to matriculates during the past nine years, forty-two. ST. LOUIS MEDICAL COLLEGE. Sr. Louis, Mo. J. S. B. Alleyne, M. D., Dean, 3132 Washington avenue. Organized in 1841, as the Medical Department of the St. Louis University. In 1855 it was chartered as an independent institution under its present name. The first class was graduated in 1843. Classes have been graduated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces fourteen professors, two adjunct professors, seven lecturers, and two demonstrators. Course of Instruction: The college year of 1886-87 embraces a spring and winter session. The former began March 8, 1886, and continued eleven weeks. The winter graduating course began September 2», 1886, and continues until March 1, 1887. The course of studies extends over a period of three years, and is graded. Lectures embrace: First term, chemistry, chemical laboratory practice, anatomy, surgical anatomy, dissections, histology, histological demonstrations, physiology, materia medica; Second term, chemistry, anatomy, surgical anatomy, dissections, physiology, materia medica and therapeutics, pathological anatomy, principles and practice of medi- cine, clinical medicine, medical clinics, clinics for disea-es of children, surgical clinics: Third term, surgical anatomy, dissections, principles and practice of medicine, principles and practice of surgery, ophthalmology, obstetrics, diseases of women, diseases of chil- dren, hygiene and forensic medicine, medical clinics, children's clinics, surgical clinics, ophthalmic clinics, gynecological clinics, clinics for diseases of the genito-urinary organs, and disea-esof the nervous system. Requirements: For admission. "All students entering the college will be required to pass a satisfactory examination in the branches of a good English education, including English grammar, orthography and composition, mathematics, and elementary physics. Students who present a diploma or certificate of graduation from a literary or scientific college or a high school, or first-grade teacher's certificate, shall be exempt from this pre- liminary examination." Students who have attended other accredited schools may obtain advanced standing by passing the examinations of the proper year. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age: 2) good moral character; 3) three years' study; 4) must liqve attended three regular courses of lectures; 5) examination in chemistry, anatomy, physiology, materia medica, therapeutics, principles and practice of medicine, clinical medicine, surgery, obstetrics, hygiene and forensic medicine, pathological ana- tomy, surgical anatomy, gynecology, ophthalmology and diseases of the genito-urinaty organs. 104 Fees: Matriculation, (paid once only). $5; term fee, including demonstrator, laboratory and hospital tickets, $90; spring session, $25. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 180 47 26 1878-79 170 54 31.7 1879-8<> 163 41 25 1880-81 153 43 28 1881-82 167 29 17 3 J 882-83 134 40 30 1883-84 112 . 33 29.4 1884-85 91 20 22 1885-86 96* 18 18.7 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past nine years, twenty-five. ♦Not including eleven graduates who matriculated. MEDICAL DEPARTMENT, UNIVERSITY OF THE STATE OF MISSOURI.-Section No. 1. Columbia, Mo. Woodson Mess, M. D„ Secretary. Founded in 1815. The first class was graduated in 1846. From 1845 to 1855 the medical department was situated at St. Louis. See Missouri Medical College. No degrees were conferred during the war, 1861-65. The faculty embraces six professors. Course of Instruction: Only a junior medical course is now given, consisting of two semesters-September 17,1886, to January 18.1887, and January 18 to May 30, 1887. Dur- ing the first semester the principles of obstetrics, anatomy, physics, physiology, medical botany, materia medica, the use of the microscope and experimental laboratory work are taught. During the second semester the studies embrace physiology, chemistry, gen- eral and surgical pathology, materia medica, history and philosophy of medicine, and lab- oratory work. Dissecting is pursued through both terms. "In addition to the above course, all students, before receiving the certificate which secures to its holders certain important advantages in Section No. 2 (see Missouri Medical College), as matriculates from Section No. 1, must pass a satisfactory examination upon the following subjects, to-wit: "The first semester's work in English, zoology, Latin and arithmetic, with the me- trical system; and the second semester's work in rhetoric, botany and book-keeping, U. 8. history, literature and elements of chemistry. These subjects are arranged in a con- tinuous year's course for such as may have an imperfect common school education. Those who fail to make good this elementary academic work will only have as hitherto their tickets to show for work done in the junior medical course." Fees: For the junior medical course, including demonstrator's ticket, $50; for the year of academic work, $20. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates, Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 22 8 36.3 1878-79 36 6 16.6 1879-80 43 9 20.9 1880-81 40 5 12 5 1881-82 35 20 1882-83 25 9 36 1883-84 16 4 25 1884-85 20 4 20 1885-86 16 3 18.7 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past nine years, twenty-two. HUMBOLDT MEDICAL COLLEGE. St. Louis, Mo. Incorporated February 28,1855, as the St. Louis College of Medicine and Natural Sciences. It was an attempt at reform in medical education, and in addition to the ordi- nary studies, especial attention was paid to mineralogy, geology and general botany. The classes were divided into junior and senior, and the student was required to attend four courses of lectures. In 1859 it became the "Humboldt Institute, a German college for the promotion of Natural Sciences and Medicine." Under this name it was kept up until 1866 105 when the name of Humboldt Medical College was assumed. In 1867 the "college terms were extended to two regular terms of seven months each, and two summer terms of two months each, making the whole term of attendance upon lectures eighteen months." 'There were thirteen professors and one lecturer in the faculty, and eleven matriculates for the session of 866-67; four graduates in 1867 and twenty-eight matriculates, and four graduates in 1868. Before the lectures commenced for the session of 1869-70 a split occurred in the faculty, a portion of the body organizing the College of Physicians and Surgeons. No lectures were delivered after the session of 1869-70. HOMEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE OF MISSOURI. St. Louis, Mo. J. T. Kent, M. D., Registrar, 2399 Washington avenue. Organized originally in 1859; reorganized in 1882. Between the years 1869 and 1881 the following homeopathic colleges were organized in St. Louis, viz: The St. Louis College of Homeopathic Physicians and Surgeons, organized in 1869: held two sessions and sus- pended after session of 1870-71. The Homeopathic Medical College of St. Louis, organized 1873. The Hering Medical College, organized in 1880. In 1880 a portion of the faculty of the Homeopathic Medical College of Missouri seceded and revived The St. Louis College of Homeopathic Physicians and Surgeons, which again held two sessions; but after the session of 1881-82 this college and the Hering were consolidated with the Homeopathic Medical College of Missouri. The faculty of this college embraces ten professors and two instructors. Course of Instruction: The annual course will begin with preliminary lectures September 15,1886, the regular course commencing two weeks later and continuing six months. Clinics at hospital and at dispensary. Three courses of lectures recommended, but not required. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of ihedicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, ophthalmology and otology, diseases of the nervous system, pedology, clinical medicine, clinical surgery. Requirements: For admission-"The applicant must present a certificate of moral character; pass an examination in all the branches of an English education, and furnish evidence of scientific and literary qualifications." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) three years' study;4) two full courses of lectures; 5) satisfactory examination on all the branches taught. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $50; graduation, $25; demonstrator, $10. Forgraded course, three years, in advance, $100. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1882-83 41 11 27 1883-84 39 18 48 7 1884-85 32 9 28.1 1885-86 *38 17 44.7 Percentage of graduates to matriculates, thirty-seven. *Not including three graduates who matriculated, upon two of whom the ad eundem degree was conferred. KANSAS CITY MEDICAL COLLEGE. Kansas City, Mo. E. W. Schauffler, M. D., President of the Faculty. Organized in 1869 as the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Kansas City. The first class was graduated in 1870; classes have been graduated each subsequent year. The school assumed its present name in 1880. The faculty embraces twelve professors, one adjunct professor, two lecturers, two demonstrators and one instructor. Course of Instruction: One graduating session annually; that for 1886-67 began September 15,1886, and will close March 14,1887. A graded three years' course is recom- mended, but not required. Hospital and dispensary clinics are given. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica, and therapeu- tics. theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, ophthamology and otology, histology, urinary chemistry, clinical medicine, clinical sur- gery, diseases of children and hygiene. Requirements: For admission-1) credible certificate of good moral character; 2) diploma of graduation from a good literary and scientific college, or high school, or a 106 first-grade teacher's certificate. Lacking such evidence of preliminary education, a thor- ough examination in the branches of a good English education, including mathematics, English composition and elementary physics or naturaEphilosophy. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) three years' study; 4) two full courses of instruction; 5) personal examination on the seven principal branches of medicine. Fees: Matriculationfpaid but once), $5; lectures, $5; demonstrator, $10; gradua- tion, $20. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 31 9 29 1878-79 31 9 . 29 1879-80 44 17 38.6 1880-81 42 12 28.5 1881-82 32 16 50 1882-83 36 12 33.3 1883-84 38 15 39.4 1884-85 29 9 31 1885-86 29 10 34.4 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past nine years, thirty-five. ST. LOUIS COLLEGE OF HOMEOPATHIC PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS. St. Louis, Mo. Organized in 1869. Suspended after the session of 1870-71.-See Homeopathic Medical College of Missouri. ST. LOUIS COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS. St.Louis, Mo. Louis Bauer, M. D.. Dean, 515 Pine street. Organized in 1869, and in active operation until 1873, when it became extinct. Reor- ganized in 1879. The faculty embraces fourteen professors, one adjunct [professor and one assistant demonstrator, Course of Instruction: The regular session began October 11, 1886. and will close the second Saturday in March, 1887. A preliminary session began September 6 and closed October9,1886. A spring session will begin on the second Monday following the close of the regular session, and continue eight weeks. Both the preliminary and spring sessions are optional. A three-years' graded course is recommended but not required. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medicaand therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology,' surgery, military surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, ophthalmology andiotology, dermatology and syphilis, laryngology, clinical medicine, clinical surgery, toxicology, and diseases of the nervous system. Requirements: For admission-1) a diploma of graduation from a good literary and scientific college or high school, or a first-grade teacher's certificate; or, lacking this, a thorough examination in the branches of a good English education, ncluding mathe- matics, English composition and elementary physics or natural philosophy; 2) not less than eighteen years of age; 3) credible evidence of good moral character. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age: 2) good moral character; 3) at least three years' study of medicine; 4) attendance on two courses of lectures. Fees: Matriculation (paid once only), $5; lecture tickets (including demonstrator's fees), $50; examination fee (not returnable), $25. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1879-80 19 5 20.3 1880-81 41 9 22- 1881-82 49 12 24.5 1882-83 09 31 45 1883-84 57 27 47.3 1884-85 33 12 30.3 1885-80 35* 17 48.5 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past seven years, thirty-seven. *Notincluding two graduates who matriculated, upon one of whom the ad eundem de- gree was conferred. 107 MEDICAL COLLEGE OF KANSAS CITY. Kansas City, Mo. Organized in 1869 as "The College of Physicians and Surgeons," one session was held. In 1810 the "Medical College of Kansas City" was organized. Three sessions were held.- Extinct in 1873. ' HOMEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE OF ST. LOUIS. St. Louis, Mo. Organized in 1873.-Extinct. Fraudulent. ST. LOUIS HAHNEMANN MEDICAL COLLEGE. St. Louis, Mo. Organized in 1873. One course of lectures delivered. Matriculates 10; graduates 4.- Extinct in 1874. AMERICAN MEDICAL COLLEGE-{Eclectic.'} St. Louis, Mo. Geo. C. Pitzer, Dean, 1110 Chambers street. Organized in 1873. The first class was graduated in 1874. Classes were graduated twice annually from that date up to 1883, but only one annual graduating session is now" held. The faculty embraces eight professors, three lecturers and one demonstrator. Course of Instruction: The regular graduating session of 1886-87 commenced Sep- tember 8,1886, and will continue until June, 1887; any twenty weeks of said period are con- sidered as attendance upon one full session. Clinics are given at hospital and college. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, pharmacy, ophthalmology, otology, diseases of children, clinical medi- cine, clinical surgery. Requirements: For admission, 1) credible certificate of good moral standing; 2) diploma of graduation from a good literary and scientific college or high school, or a first-grade teacher's certificate. Lacking such evidence of preliminary education, a thorough examination in the branches of a good English education, including mathe- matics, English composition, and elementary physics or natural philosophy. For graduation, 1) good moral character; 2) twenty-one years of age; 3) two courses of lectures; 4) three years' study: 5) "must show a record of faithful attendance both at the college and hospital lectures;" 6) satisfactory final examination. Fees: Tickets for the session of twenty weeks, including matriculation and demon- strator's ticket, $75; for one college year of nine months, $100; graduation, $25. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 120 78 65 1878-79 66 36 54 5 1879-80 95 42 44.2 1880-81 66 22 33.3 1881-82 118 40 33.9 1882-83 114 38 33.3 1883-84 65 15 23+ 1884-85 24 14 58.3 1885-86 26 6 23+ Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past nine years, forty-two. ST. LOUIS ECLECTIC MEDICAL COLLEGE. St. Louis, Mo, Organized in 1874.-Extinct in 1883, Closed by legal process. 108 ST. JOSEPH HOSPITAL MEDICAL COLLEGE. St. Joseph, Mo. Okganized in 1876. Five classes, containing forty-five students, were graduated. In 1882 this college was merged into the St. Joseph Medical College (vide infra). COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS OF ST. JOSEPH. St. Joseph, Mo. Organized in 1878. Three classes, containing flftv students, were graduated. In 1882 this college was merged into the St. Joseph Medical College (vide. infra). JOPLIN COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS. Joplin, Mo. Organized in 1880. The first class was graduated in 1881. The school became extinct in 1884. None of its diplomas recognized. HERING MEDICAL COLLEGE-(Homeopathic.) St. Louis, Mo. Organized 1880. See Homeopathic College of Missouri. NORTHWESTERN MEDICAL COLLEGE, ST. JOSEPH, MO. St. Joseph, Mo. J. P. Chesney, M. D.. Secretary, Ninth and Francis streets. Organized in 1880. The first class was graduated in 1881. The faculty embraces eight professors, two lecturers and one demonstrator. Course of Instruction: The regular graduating term begins the first Monday in October and continues five months. Attendance on three courses of lectures is recom- mended, but not required. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics theory and practice of medicine, pathology, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, diseases of children, deseases of the nervous system, clinical medicine, clinical surgery, electro-therapeutics, diseases of women, dermatology and forensic medicine. Requirements: For admission-1) credible certificate of good moral character; 2) diploma of graduation from a good literary and scientific college or high school; lacking this, a preliminary examination by the president of the faculty. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) two full courses; 4) satisfactory examination; 5) thesis. Fees: For the entire course, $45; graduation, $25. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1880-81 40 23 57.5 1881-82 40 26 65 1882-83 31 18 58 1883-84 39 10 25.8 1884-85 28 14 50 1885-86 28 11 39.2 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past six years, forty-nine. JOPLIN MEDICAL COLLEGE. Joplin, Mo. Organized in 1881,-Extinct in 1882. 109 AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF ST. LOUIS. A diploma from this University was recently presentedfor recordin Indiana. Diplomas of this institution were sold in Scotland several years ago,and the attention of the Board was called to the same by Hon. John Eaton, U. S. Commissioner of Education. This is the first instance ihat has come to the knowledge of the Board of any diplomas of this school being held in this country, and presented as a qualification to practice medicine. Through prosecutions during the past year in Germany, it has been ascertained that parties held diplomas from this institution in that country. UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS CITY, MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. Kansas City, Mo. J. E. Logan, M. D . Secretary, N. W. cor. Twelfth and Main streets. Organized in 1881. The first class was graduated in 1882. The faculty embraces seventeen professors, one adjunct professor and three lecturers. Course of Instruction: The sixth annual session commenced September 13. 1886, and continues twenty-six weeks. The spring course opens about the middle of March, and continues ten weeks. Instruction is given by lectures, clinics, practical courses in the dissecting room, laboratories, and by repeated examinations. A three-years course is recommended, but not required. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, medical jurisprudence, ophthalmology and otology, nervous and mental diseases, orthopedic surgery, diseases of the throat and chest, dis- eases of children, pharmacy, genito-urinary diseases.'ciinical medicine and clinical sur- gery. Requirements: For admission-"Every applicant must be of good moral character, and possess the evidence of a good English education. He should also possess a sufficient knowledge of Latin to read and write current prescriptions. Every candidate for matric- ul tion, unless a graduate of some college, high school or academy, or holding a certifi- cate of some literary institution, will be examined to ascertain his fitness for entering upon and appreciating the study of medicine." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) three years' study; 4) two full courses of lectures: 5' clinical instruction during one term; 6) dissection of each region of the body; 7) full and satisfactory examination in each branch. Fees; Matriculation. $5; lectures. $50; demonstrator, $10; practical chemistry (optional, chemicals at cost), $10; graduation, $20. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 18S1-82 25 Il 44 1882-83 28 8 38 6 1883-84 45 14 " 31.1 1884-85 35 16 45.7 1885-86 30 17 56.6 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past five years, forty. ST. JOSEPH MEDICAL COLLEGE. St. Joseph, Mo. Jacob Geiger, M. D., Dean, corner Sixth and Francis streets. I Organized in 1882, by the union of the St. Joseph Hospital Medical College and the College of Physicians and Surgeons of St. Joseph. The first class graduated in 1883. The faculty embraces twelve professors, two lecturers, and one demonstrator. Course of Instruction: The tenth regular course of lectures began October 4,1886, and will continue until Mat ch. 1887. Clinics are given in hospital and dispensary. A three- years' graded coutse is recommended, but not required. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, mental and nervous diseases, ophthalmology and otology, diseases of children genito-urinary diseases, diseases of throat and nose, clinical medicine and clini- cal surgery, pathology and microscopy. Requirements: For admission-"Each candidate for admission must present: 1) credible certificate of good moral character; 2) diploma of graduation from a good literary and scientific college or high school, or first-grade teacher's certificate; or, lacking this, a thorough examination in the branches of a good English education." 110 For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character: 3) three years' study: 4) two full courses of lectures; 5) dissection "continuously" during two courses of lectures; 6) hospital clinics; 7) satisfactory examination on all branches taught in this col- lege. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $35; demonstrator, $10; graduation, $25. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates - Session. ' Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1882-83 24 8 33.3 1883-84 35 6 17.1 1884-85 28 9 32.1 1885-86 26 11 42.3 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past four years, thirty. Remarks: The late Hon. Samuel Ensworth recently bequeathed $100,000 for the erec- tion and maintenance ol the "St. Joseph Medical College and Hospital." KANSAS CITY HOSPITAL COLLEGE OF MEDICINE. Kansas City, Mo. E. G. Granville, M. D„ Secretary of the Faculty. Organized in 1882. The first class was graduated in 1883. The faculty embraces twelve professors. Course of Instruction: The regular graduating session of 1886-87 began October 15, 1886, and will close March 15,1887, A spring session of four weeks will follow immediately upon the close of the regular session. Lectures embrace "allopathic theory and practice, and clinical medicine;" "homeo- pathic therapeutics, theory and practice of clinical medicine;" "eclectic materia medica and practice, and clinical medicine;" principles and practice of surgery, operative sur- gery and surgical pathology, physiology, chemistry, anatomy, obstetrics, diseases of women and children, gynecology, mental and nervous diseases, dermatology, diseases of genito-urinary organs, demonstrations in surgery, laryngology, state medicine and pub- lic hygiene, medical jurisprudence, ophthalmology and otology, medical and surgical electricity. Requirements: For admission-"Each candidate must be not less than eighteen years of age, male or female, and must present to the faculty satisfactory evidence of good moral character. Diploma of graduation from a good literary or scientific college or high school, or, lacking this, a thorough examination in the branches of a good English education, including mathematics, English.composition and elementary physics or natural philosophy." For graduation: 1) good moral character; 2) twenty-one years of age; 3) three years' study; 4> two full courses of lectures; 5) satisfactory examination in all the branches taught in the college; 6) thesis. Fees: Matriculation (paid once), $5; lectures, $30; demonstrator, $10; graduation, $20; hospital and dispensary, $5. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1882-83 18 1 61.1 1881-84 19 9 47 3 1884-85 38 20 52 6 1885-86 14 7 50 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the years reported, fifty-two. Remirks: "In addition to the regular course of instruction and requirements for graduation, a professorship of homeopathy, conducted by a distinguished adherent of the law of similia similibus curantur, has been established, in which special effort will be made to teach the materia medica and its application to the cure of diseases as com- pletely and thoroughly as in any homeopathic school in the country." "Also eclectic medicine will be fully illustrated by a competent professor of that school of medicine of large experience, and all that is known as distinctive therein will be as thoroughly taught as possible." Diplomas not recognized. 111 WOMAN'S MEDICAL COLLEGE OF ST. LOVIS-(Homeopathic.) St. Louis, Mo. Organized in 1883. After giving one course of lectures it became extinct. OCCIDENTAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS. Joplin, Mo. Incorporated 1886. BEAUMONT HOSPITAL MEDICAL COLLEGE. St. Louis, Mo. E. E. Furney, M. D., Secretary, 2905 Chestnut street. Organized in 1886. The faculty embraces nineteen professors and one demonstrator. Course of Instruction: The collegiate year embraces a special spring and a regu- lar winter session. Attendance during the former is optional, during the latter, obliga- tory, as a prerequisite to graduation. The regular winter session began October 4,1886, and continues until March 1, 1887. Three courses of lectures recommended, but not re- quired. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, mental and nervous diseases, ophthalmology, pathology, dermatology, syphilology. otology, diseases of children, orthopedic surgery, diseases of the throat and chest, and climatology, genito-urinary surgery, clinical medicine and clinical sur- gery. Requirements: For admission, 1) credible certificate of good moral standing; 2) di- ploma of graduation from a good literal y and scientific college, high school, or a first- grade teacher's certificate. Lacking this, a thorough examination in the branches of a good English education, including mathematics, English composition, and elementary physics and natural philosophy. For graduation; 1) good moral character; 2) twenty-one years of age; 3) two full courses of lectures; 4) three years' study; 5) satisfactory examinations. Fees: For first course students, in full, $70; for second course students, in full, $80, No charges for matriculation, demonstrator's nor hospital tickets. Diplomas gratis to those passing satisfactory examination. NEBRASKA. OMAHA MEDICAL COLLEGE. Omaha, Neb. P. S. Teisenring, M. D., Secretary. Organized in 1881. The outgrowth of a preparatory school, established in 1880, under the name of the Nebraska School of Medicine. The faculty embraces fourteen professors and a demonstrator. Course of Instruction: The regular graduating session of 1886-87 began October!, 1886, and will close March 26,1887. A three-years' graded course is recommended, but not required. The members of the faculty devote a portion of each day to examinations on the subjects of the previous lectures. Clinics are given at the college and in the hospital. Lectures embrace, anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, ophthalmology and otology, laryngology, toxicology, diseases of children, diseases of the mind, clinical medicine and clinical surgery. Requirements: For admission, "All candidates must present to the faculty satisfac- tory evidence of a good moral character, and must be at least eighteen years of age, and unless holding a certificate or diploma from some literary institution, mu st pass an exam- ination in the English branches." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) "such primary education as is clearly requisite for a proper standing with the public and the profes- sion;" 4) three years'study; 5) two full courses: 6) clinical instruction for two sessions; 7) practical anatomy (to the extent of having dissected all the regions of the body), and chemistry, one course; 8) full and satisfactory written and oral examination on each branch taught; 9) close attendance on all lectures. Fees: Matriculation, $5; demonstrator, $5; lectures, $35; graduation, $25; hospital, $5. 112 Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, anil percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent 1881-82 33 8 23 1882-83 30 9 30 1883-84 20 4 20 1884-85 21 8 38 1885-86 28* 5 17.8 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past five years, twenty-fire. *Not including one graduate who matriculated. UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA, COLLEGE OF MEDICINE. Regular Department. Lincoln, Neb. A. R. Mitchell, M. D„ Dean of the Faculty. Organized in 1870, The first class was graduated in 1884. The faculty consists of nine professors and one demonstrator. Course of Instruction: The regular graduating session of 1886-87 began September 16,1886, and will close March 7, 1887. Instruction consists of didactic and clinical lectures, and laboratory work in each department. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics. theorj7 and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gvnecology, medical jurisprudence, hygiene, ophthalmology and otology, orthopedic surgety, diseases of children, clinical medicine, clinical surgery, and microscopy. Requirements: For admission, "Every candidate for admission to the college must be eighteen years of age. and mu-t present to the chancellor satisfactory evidence of good moral character. He must further sustain a satisfactory examination on the sub- jects required for a county superintendent's certificate of the second grade, with the addition of elementary chemistry, and bv an examination of one or more of the required subjects or by an essay of not less than 390 words assigned at the time, he must show ability to write the ENglish language correct." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) must suc- cessfully pursue the study of practical anatomy and practical chemistry; 4) thesis: 5) three years'study; 6) three full courses of lectures; 7) satisfactory examination in all branches taught. Fees: Matriculation, $5; tuition free; graduation, $5. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1883-84 18 3 16.6 1881-85 35 6 17.1 1885-86 23 9 39.1 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past three years, twenty-three. UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA, COLLEGE OF MEDICINE. Homeopathic Department. Lincoln, Neb. Bartlett L. Pain, M. D., Dean of the Faculty. Organized in 1883. First class graduated in 1884. Faculty consists of four professors and two lecturers. Course of Instruction: Session of 1886-87 began September 16,1886, and will close- March 17. 1887. Medical jurisprudence, surgery, physiology, diseases of the eye and ear are taught by the professors of these branches in the regular department. Obstetrics and diseases ot women and children, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and prac- tice of medicine, electro-therapeutics, surgical diseases of women and organic diseases ot the chest, comprise the subjects of the chairs at the homeopathic faculty. Requirements: For admission and graduation-See requirements of regular depart- ment. Fees: Matriculation, $5; tuition free; material for dissecting, at cost; graduation, $5. 113 Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1883-84 17 3 17.6 1884-85 11 4 36 3 1885-86 9 4 44.4 Percentage of graduates to matriculates tor past three years, twenty-nine. UNIVERSITY OF NEBRASKA, COLLEGE OF MEDICINE. Eclectic Department. Lincoln, Nebraska. Organized in 1883.-Extinct 1885. NEW HAMPSHIRE. DARTMOUTH MEDICAL COLLEGE. (New Hampshire Medical Institute.) Hanover, N. H. Carlton P. Frost, M. D., Dean of the Faculty. Organized in 1797. The first class was graduated in 98. Classes have been gradu- ated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces ten professors and two lecturers. Course of Instruction: The collegiate year is divided into a lecture course and a recitation term. Ihe regular lecture course for 1886 began July 14, and will close Decem- ber 1; the recitation term begins January 4, 1887, and continues until June 20. "Clinical instruction will be given to as large an extent as circumstances will permit." Lectures as follows: The courses in surgery and practice consist of seventy lectures each, with quizzes in addition: in physiology, obstetrics and therapeutics, fifty lec- tures each; in gynecology, of twenty-five lectures; shorter courses In medical jurispru- dence, mental diseases, ophthalmology and hygiene; the course in chemistry consists of lectures and laboratory work. Requirements: For admission-"Applicants must be eighteen years of age, and. unless already matriculates of some regular medical college or graduates of some repu- table college, academy or high school, will be examined as to their fitness for entering upon and appreciating the technical study of medicine. They will be expected to be fa- miliar with the elementary principles of physics (light, heat, electricity, etc.), on entrance.*i For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) two full courses of lectures; 4) three full years' study; 5) dissected all parts of the cadaver; 6) shall pass satisfactory written examinations on all branches taught in the school-anat- omy, physiology, chemistry, surgery, obstetrics, therapeutics, gynecology and practice. Two examinations annually. Fees: Matriculation. $5; lectures, $77; graduation, $25; chemicals, $3; recitation term, $40; chemistry, extra, $15; anatomical material at cost. ♦Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877 87 30 34.5 1878 88 23 26 1879 80 26 32.5 1880 78 29 37 1881 91 43 47.2 1882 76 28 36.8 1883 80 40 50 1884 40 18 45 1885 52 13 25 1886 55 15 27.2 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past ten years, thirty-six. ♦List of matriculates not given in announcement. 114 NEW ENGLAND UNIVERSITY OF THE ARTS AND SCIENCES. . Manchester, N. H. Fraudulent.-Extinct. Incorporated 1876.-Act repealed 1877. Exposed by the Illi- nois State Board of Health. NEW JERSEY. MEDICAL SOCIETY OF NEW JERSEY. Organized in 1776. The society does not give instruction. It was authorized to confer the degree of M.D . in 1866. The section of the act to reorganize the Medical Society of New Jersey and conferring this power, is as follows: "And be it enacted, that the society shall have the authority to confer the degree of M.D.. under such rules and regulations as they may adopt, which degree shall be deemed sufficient evidence of a regularly educated and qualified practitioner of the healing art." Regulations of the society concerning the conferring of the degree of Doctor of Medi- cine and honorary membership: Section 1. Candidates for the degree of Medicinse Doctor may apply to any district society of this State, and shall be admitted to examination under the following rules and regulations- 1st. Each district society shall appoint annually, or pro re nata, a committee of not less than five members, who shall conduct the examination. 2d. All examinations shall be in the presence of the society at a regular meeting; and no candidate shall be examined until he has given satisfactory evidence of having reached the age of twenty-one years, is of good moral character, and has pursued his medical studies under the care of some regular practitioner for the term of three years, including two courses of lectures in some medical institution in affiliation with the Ameri- •can Medical Association. If he has not graduated at some academic college, then the society shall be satisfied that his preliminary education has been such as to qualify him for the study and practice of medicine. 3d. The examination shall extend to all the branches taught in the medical schools recognized as aforesaid; and the candidate shall then be balloted for by the society; and if he shall receive the approving votes of two-thirds of all the members present, the pre- siding officer shall give a certificate to that effect to the candidate. 4th. This certificate may be presented at the next or any subsequent regular meeting of this society, not extending beyond the period of three years, with a written thesis upon some medical subject; and it upon a ballot they shall be approved by a majority of the members present, the candidate, upon the payment of fifteen dollars, shall be entitled to receive a diploma. The honorary degree of M. D. may be conferred by the society, by a vote by ballot of three-fourths of the members present; provided the nomination shall have been made at a preceding meeting, and provided the candidate has been a regular practitioner for the period of seven years. • 2. Practitioners of medicine of this or any other State may be admitted as honor- ary members by a vote by ballot of the society, provided that the nomination be made at a previous meeting. The nomination shall be referred to a special committee of three appointed by the president, and the nominee shall not be considered as eligible to elec- tion till the committee reports. The privilege of honorary membership shall not confer the right to vote. Graduates: Eight or ten diplomas have been conferred. Two were conferred in 1881, and one at the last meeting of the society in 1883. LIVINGSTON UNIVERSITY. Haddonfield, N. J. A Buchanan institution; fraudulent, and now extinct. HYGEO-THERAPEUTIC COLLEGE. Bergen Heights, N. J. Extinct. 115 NEW YORK. COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK. Medical. Department of Columbia College. New York City. John G. Curtis, M. D,, Secretary, Corner Twenty-third street and Fourth avenue. Organized in 1807, by the regents of the University of the State of New York, as their medical department, under the name of the College of Physicians and Surgeons in the City ot New York. The institution was connected with the Columbia College for a short period in 1814, and became permanently connected with it in 1860, when the Medical De- partment of Columbia College was added to the original title. The original Medical De- partment of Columbia College was organized in 1767; it was suspended during the war of the Revolution and became extinct in 1813. The first class was graduated by this college in 1811. Classes have been graduated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces twenty-two professors, one assistant professor of chemistry' two adjunct lecturers, two clinical lecturers, three demonstrators, one director physio- logical laboratory, and twenty-eight clinical assistants. Course of Instruction . The session of 1886-87 began October 4, 1886, and will end about the first of May, 18s7. Instruction consists of didactic lectures with demonstra- tions. clinical teaching, recitations, and practical teaching in subjects involving manipula- tion. Clinics at hospitals and dispensaries tree to matriculatesand optional. Recitations are held daily bv a special corps of examiners, optional: fees required, $50; single branch, $10. Many special courses, fees varying from $12 to $20. A three-years'graded courseis recommended, but not required. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeu'ics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, ophthalmology and otology, diseases of children, diseases of the mind and nervous system, dermatology and laryngology. Requirements: For admission, none. For graduation: 1) twenty-one yea of age; 2) good moral character; 3) three years' study; 4) two full courses of lectures on 'atomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, obstetrics, surgery, pat Mogy and practical medicine; 5) satisfactory examination in seven branches; 6) thesis. he examinations for the degree of Doctor of Medicine are in writing, and are held twice vear, viz: 1) immediately after the close of the lectures of the college year in May; 2) d mg the second and third weeks of Septem- ber, According to the merits of his thesis an . examinations, three results of the latter are possible in the case of a candidate for the degree of M. D.; 1. He is "passed" when his thesis and examinations have been satisfactory in each and all of the seven principal branches of m dical teaching. 2. He is "conditioned" when the average merit of his thesis and examinations has been satisfactory, while in one or more branches he has been found deficient. In this case the candidate can proceed to his degree only on the condition that he first pass a re-examination in the deficient branch or branches, not sooner than at the next regular semi-annual examination. 3. He is "rejected" when the average merit of his thesis and examinations has been unsatisfactory; in this case the candidate must be re-examined in all the seven oranches, the writing of anew thesis is rarely required. Final examinations are held twice a year, viz: immediately after the close of the lectures of the college year, and during the third and fourth weeks of September. Fees: First session. Matriculation, $5: lectures in anatomy, physiology and chem- istry, $60; demonstrator, $10; materials, $5. Second session. Matriculation. $5; lectures, full course, $140. Third session. Matriculation $5; lectui es in materia medica, practice, surgery and obstetrics, $80; graduation. $30. Students who graduate at the end of two sessions the fees are: First session, in full, $160; second session, $175. Students. Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 413 109 27 187.8-79 485 95 19.6 1879-8'> 513 117 22.8 1880-81 555 120 21.6 1881-82 547 115 21 1882-83 541 125 23 1883-84 4>t'5 1«5 20.7 1884-85 439 134 30.5 1885-86 *458 97 21.1 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past nine years, twenty-two. ♦Not including 44 graduates who matriculated. Remarks: The trustees and faculty, announce that to the gift from the late Wm. H. Vanderbilt for a new college building, they are in receipt, since his death, of generous additions, from various members of his family, thus giving the college immensely in- 116 creased facilities for teaching and research. Upon a portion of the land given to the college there is now in course of erection the "Sloane Maternity Hospital" of the College of Physicians and Surgeons, being the gift of William D. Sloane, Esq., of New York, whose wife, a daughter of the late Mr. Vanderbilt, has endowed this hospital by making all of its thirty beds free in perpetuity. It will be opened in the spring of 1887, and will be under the direction of the Professor of Obstetrics of the college. Upon another portion of the land work has begun unon the building to be known as the "Vanderbilt Clinic" of the College of Physicians and Surgeons, created and endowed at a cost of $150,000, by the four sons of the late Mr. Vanderbilt, as a memorial of their father. This building will contain a dispensary and all the clinical instruction of the college will be given here. COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS OF THE WESTERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK. Fairfield, N. Y. Organized in 1812.-Extinct since 1840. During its existence it afforded instruction to 3123 students and graduated 589. NEW MEDICAL INSTITUTION. Medical Department of Queen's College, New Jersey, ' New York City. Organized in 1814; suspended in 1810. In 1826 the Medical Institution was revived under the auspices of Rutger's (formerly Queen's) College, N. J., but became extinct In 1830. It is probable that the diplomas issued after its revival were illegal. NEW YORK SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. New York City. Organized under the auspices of the New York County Medical Society in 1831. NEW YORK REFORMED MEDICAL COLLEGE-(.Eclectic,} New York City. Organized in 18:36.-Extinct, 1838. I AUBURN MEDICAL SCHOOL. Auburn, N. Y. Extinct.-Date of organization and extinction unknown. ALBANY MEDICAL COLLEGE. Medical Department of Union University. Albany, N. Y. Willis G. Tucker, M. D., Registrar, 4 Lancaster street. Organized in 1838. Incorporated and graduated its first class in 1839. It became connected with Union University in 1873. when the present title was assumed. The faculty embraces thirteen professors, one adjunct professor, and one demon- strator. Course of Instruction: The regular graduating session of 1886-87 began September 21, 1886, and will close March 16, 1887. Written examinations are held monthly; clinics at hospitals and dispensary. A three-years' graded course is substantially required for graduation. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, heory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, dermatology, psychological medicine, ophthalmology and otology, diseases of women and children, diseases of the throat and chest, and diseases of the nervous system. 117 Requirements; For admission-"Graduates from recognized colleges, scientific schools or medical institutions, and students presenting certificates of competency from the censors of the medical society of the county from which they come, will notbe re- quired to pass the preliminary examination on joining the school. All others will be required to pass the examinations by a page written at the time, of which the ortho- graphy, grammatical construction and penmanship will be con-idered, and in arith- metic, grammar, geography and the elements of natural philosophy. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) three years study; 4) "three years' graded course in this college, or the equivalent of the first two courses elsewhere and the last in this college," except as hereafter provided; 5) thesis; 6) "satisfactory examination in the several branches of medicine and surgery, final exam- ination being conducted chiefly in writing." Regular and punctual attendance is re- quired. \ The proviso above referred to is as follows: "1) That graduates of recognized literary colleges, scientific schools or colleges of pharmacy will be allowed to present themselves for graduate n at the end of their second full course if all other requirements for gradua- tion are fulfilled; 2) that students desiring to enter the second year class may do so if they successfully pass an examination in anatomy, materia medica. chemistry and physiology, and are deemed competent so to enter; and 3) that students who have attended a full course of lectures in this college or elsewhere may enter the senior class on passing a satisfactory entrance examination in all the departments. Students entering the second year class, in either instance as above provided, must attend the full course of lectures each year, and are examined in all the branches at the end of their second course. Stu- dents entering the senior class as above provided must attend the full course of lectures, and are examined in all the branches at its close." Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $100; demonstrator, $10; graduation, $25; labora- tory. $10. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 153 31 20.2 1878-79 161 43 26.7 1879-80 178 46 25.8 1889-81 172 58 33.7 1881-82 170 54 31.7 1882-83 157 51 32.5 1883-84 149 43 28.8 1881-85 142 33 23.2 1885-86 *142 40 28.1 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past nine years, twenty-eight. *Not including 3 graduates who matriculated. GENEVA MEDICAL COLLEGE. Geneva, N. Y. Organized in 1839.-Extinct. Merged into the College of Medicine of Syracuse Uni- versity in 1872-which see. UNIVERSITY OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK, MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. University Medical College. New York City. Charles Inslee Pardee, M. D., Dean, 410 E. Twenty-sixth street. Organized in 1841. The first class was graduated in 1812. Classes have been gradu- ated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces fifteen professors, six clinical professors, fourteen instructors, one demonstrator, twelve clinical assistants and nine lecturers. Course of Instruction: The collegiate year is divided into three sessions; a pre- liminary term, which began September 15, 1885, and continued until September 29; the regular winter course then began, and will continue to the first of March, 1887. to be followed by a spring session of ten weeks Immediately thereafter. Instruction consists of didactic and clinical lectures, recitations, ptactlcal demonstrations of subjects involv- ing manipulation and practice at the bedside and in the laboratories. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and praciiceof medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, ophthalmology, otology, orthopedic surgery, dermatology and mental diseases, and bacteriology. 118 Requirements: For admission, none. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character: 3) "two winter sessions of lectures;" 4) three years'study; 5) one course of practical anatomy; 6) satis- factory written examinations on surgery, chemistry, practice of medicine, materia medica, anatomy, physiology and obstetrics. Rejected candidates will not be permitted to apply for a re-examination for one year. Honorary degrees are not granted. Two commencements take place annually, at either of which the candidates who have com- plied with the above requirements mav gra luate; the first is at the close of the winter, the second at the close of the spring session. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $140; demonstrator, $10; graduation, $30; private in- struction inlpraetical branches,.averaging $12 per course. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 50<i 153 30 1878-79 556 204 36.7 1879-80 609 205 33 6 1880 81 623 200 32 1 1881-82 575 ' 213 37 1882-^3 528 163 30.8 1883-81 526 164 31 1 1884-85 533 175 32 8 1885-80 *547 173 31.6 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past nine years, thirty-two. Remarks: "With a view to the final establishment of a systematic graduated scheme of tuition, students who have attended two full courses of lectures, and who have com- pleted two years of study, may be admitted to a special examination in chemistry, anatomy, and physiology, and, if successful, will be examined at the end of the next winter session on practice, materia medica and therapeutics, surgery and obstetrics." l~ ^*'The faculty take great pleasure in announcing that they have just received a gift of one hundred thousand dollars for the erection and equipment of a special laboratory building, to be known as the "Loomis Laboratory" of the University Medical College. They have purchased a plot of ground adjoining their present property, and willproceed as soon as possible to construct the new building, and make the alterations in the present one needed to give the fullest effect,to this generous gift. They will also thereby be enabled greatly to enlarge their Dispensary, and increase the facilities for clinical instruetion and direct observation which have been so marked and valuable a feature in the instruction offered by the College during the last few years." *Not including 21 graduates who matriculated. MEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF BUFFALO. Buffalo, N. Y. Charles Cary, M. D., Secretary, 340 Delaware avenue. Organized in 1846. The first class was graduated in 1847. Classes have been gradu- ated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces eleven professors, one adjunct professor, two clinical professors, two lecturers, three clinical lecturers and one demonstrator. The spring faculty consists of seven lecturers. Course of Instruction: The regular term of 1886-87 began September 21, 1886, and will continue twenty-two weeks. The spring course begins the first Monday after com- mencement, and continues eight weeks. The course of instruction includes scholastic and clinical teaching, with systematic recitations and special instructions. A three years" graded course is recommended, but not required. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, toxicology, ophthalmology and otology, psychological medicine, dermatology and microscopy, genito-urinary and venereal diseases, nervous diseases, orthopedic surgery and laryngology. Requirements: For admission-"A certificate from the student's preceptor, of his moral character, and that he is duly entered and properly qualified to study medicine, must be presented, on matriculating. The responsibility of sufficient preliminary educa- tion rests, of necessity, with the private instructor." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) three years' study; 4) "dissection of the lateral half of the subject, either here or elsewhere;" 5) two full courses of lectures; 6) satisfactory examination in the several departments; 7) thesis. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $100; demonstrator, $10; graduation $25; spring course, $15. 119 Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. • Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 114 42 36.8 1878-79 126 40 31.7 1879-80 138 53 38.3 1880-8) 154 48 31.1 1881-82 172 65 37.8 1882-83 178 57 32 1883-84 155 62 40 1884-85 134 48 35.8 1885-86 *132 43 32.5 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past nine years, thirty-five. *Not including one graduate who matriculated, ROCHESTER ECLECTIC MEDICAL COLLEGE. Rochester, N. Y. Organized in 1848. Lectures delivered during three or four sessions.-Extinct, 1852. CENTRAL MEDICAL COLLEGE OF NEW YORK-(.Eclectic.} Syracuse. N. Y. Organized, 1848.-Extinct, 1855. SYRACUSE MEDICAL COLLEGE-{Eclectic.} Syracuse, N. Y. Organized in 1849.-Extinct, 1855. NEW YORK MEDICAL COLLEGE. New York City. Organized in 1852. The last session was held in 1863-64. MEDICAL COLLEGE OF NEW YORK CITY. New York City. Extinct. EXCELSIOR MEDICAL COLLEGE. New York City. Extinct. METROPOLITAN MEDICAL COLLEGE-{Eclectic.} New York City. Organized in 1852: incorporated March, 1857; charter repealed April 12, 1862.-Extinct. HYGEO-THERAPEUTIC COLLEGE OF NEW YORK. New York City. Chartered, 1856.-Extinct, 1866. 120 LONG ISLAND COLLEGE HOSPITAL. Brooklyn, N. Y, William J. Osborne, Secretary Board of Regents, Henry street, between Pacific and Amity streets. Incorporated in 1858. First class was graduated in 1860; classes have been gradu- ated each subsequent year. Faculty embraces twelve professors. There are seven professors of special subjects, one demonstrator of anatomy, and sixteen assistants to the various chairs. During the reading term there are engaged twelve lecturers and one demonstrator. Course of Instruction: The collegiate year is divided into a regular term and a reading term; the former for the session of 1886-87. began October 6, 1886, and continues until March 2,1887. The reading term will begin March 7, 1887, and continue three months, A graded course, extending over two collegiate years of nine months each, is recom- mended. but not required; fifty per cent, of the entire class have taken this course for the past four years. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, laryngology, toxicology, ophthalmology and otology, diseases of children, dermatology, nervous diseases and genito-urinary diseases. Requirements: For admission-"In the early part of the regular term candidates will have oral and written examinations, for the purpose of testing their general literary qualifications. Students who have already passed the written examinations in the ele- mentary departments, and graduates of literary, scientific and medical schools will not be required to pass the examination for general literary qualifications." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) three years' study; 4) two full courses of lectures, not completed in the -ame twelve months; 5) practical anatomy, to the extent of having dissected each region of the body; 6) one course of prac- tical chemistry and urine analysis; 7) one course in practical histology and pathology; 8) pass satisfactory examinations, both oral and written, in chemistry, histology, anatomy, physiology, materia medica, therapeutics, pathology, gynecology, obstetrics, surgery, and practice of medicine. Fees: Matriculation, $5; demonstrator. $5; chemical laboratory, $5; pathological labora- tory, $5; lectures $100; reading term, $40; graduation, $25. Students: Number of matriculates ana of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 120 40 33.3 1878-79 115 33 28.7 1879-80 118 43 36.5 1880-81 141 51 36 1 1881-82 159 61 38 3 1882-83 154 51 33.4 1883-84 122 37 30.3 1884-85 119 47 39.4 1885-86 *109 49 44.9 Percentage of graduates to matriculates during the last nine years, thirty-five. Remarks: Dr. C. N. Hoagland, a physician of Brooklyn, and a member of the Board ot Regents of the Long Island College Hospital, is about to erect a laboratory for the advancement of medical science on his property opposite the college building It will be known as "The Hoagland Laboratory'' of the Long Island College Hospital. The building will be specially adapted to scientific research in all the important departments of the study of medicine, more particularly in histology, physiology, bacteriology and pathol- ogy. All the apparatus necessary for such work will be provided. A fine library will be among the attractive features of this munificent benefaction. It will have a large audi- torium in which lectures will be given to the students of the college and to the profession and the people of Brooklyn. It is expected that the building will be in readiness at the opening of the regular term of the college in October. ♦Not including one graduate who matriculated. NEW YORK HOMEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE. New Yoke City. L. L. Danforth, M. D., Secretary, 149 W. Forty-fourth street. Organized in 1860. The first class was graduated in 1861. Classes have been gradu- ated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces twenty-two professors, one assistant professor, three lecturers, ten clinical assistants and instructors, and two demonstrators. Course of Instruction: The session of 1886-87 opened October 5,1886, and terminates April 14,1887. The course of instruction is graded, and .provision is made for three classes 121 of students-a junior, a middle and a senior class; but the curriculum for graduation may be completed in two courses of lectures. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry and toxicology, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, medical jurisprudence, hygiene and sanitary science, diseases of the heart and lungs, diseases of children, laryngology and rhinology, mental and nervous dis- eases. ophthalmology and otology, orthopedic surgery, dermatology and genito-urinary diseases, histology, microscopy, diseases of the kidney, pharmaceutics, and laboratory drill. Requirements: For admission-"Students must present credible certificates of good moral character and a diploma of graduation from a good literary and. scientific college or high school, or a first-grade teacher's certificate. Or, lacking this, he must pass a thorough examination in the branches of a good English education, including English grammar, riietoric. spelling, etc., as shown in written examinations, arithmetic as tar as square root, U. S. history, geography, elementary physics or natural philosophy, as given in Prof. Balfour Stewart's Science Primer (Physics)." "Any student who presents his diploma of graduation from a reputable literary and scientific college, or high school, or a first-grade teacher's certificate, or a certificate of having passed the entrance examination for either Harvard or Yale college, will be ex- cused from further eeltrance examinations." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) three years' study; 4) two full courses of lectures; 5) one course of practical anatomy; 6) satisfactory examination in each department; 7) thesis. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $125; demonstrator, $10; graduation, $30. For graded course-lectures for three years, $200. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 152 38 25 1878-79 152 40 26.3 1879-80 128 33 25 8 1880-81 165 54 32.7 1881-82 146 36 24.6 1882-83 145 47 32 4 1883-84 153 53 34.6 1884-85 130 40 30.7 1885-86 *138 41 29.7 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past nine years, twenty-nine. *Not including two graduates who matriculated. BELLEVUE HOSPITAL MEDICAL COLLEGE. New York City. Austin Flint, M. D., LL. D., Secretary of the Faculty. Organized in 1861. First class was graduated in 1862. Classes have been graduated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces twelve professors, seven professors of special departments, one lecturer, four demonstrators, twenty assistants to chairs, and three prosectors. Mem- bers of the faculty and others, to the number of twenty-one. give instruction during the spring term. Course of Instruction: The collegiate year is divided into two sessions. The win- ter session of 1886-87 began September 22,1886, and will close the latter part of March, 1887. The spring session will begin the latter part of March, 1887, and continue until the mid- dle of June. Attendance upon three courses of lectures is recommended, but not re- quired, and provision is made for the examination of those pursuing this plan. Hospital clinics are numerous. Regular weekly quizzes are held by members of the faculty upon the subjects of the lectures; these examinations are confined to candidates for graduation. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, orthopedic surgery, ophthalmology and otology, cutaneous and genito-unnary diseases, diseases of children, toxicology, diseases of the throat. Private courses on practical subjects are given by the faculty and instructors; average fee, $20. Requirements: For admission-None, except for those who expect to present their tickets or diplomas for recognition in Great Britain. For such, a special matriculation examination is provided, upon the following subjects: English language, including grammar and composition; arithmetic, including vulgar and decimal fractions; algebra, including simple equations; geometry, first two books of Euclid; Latin, translation and grammar. In addition to the above, one of the following optional studies is required: Greek, French, German or natural philosophy, including mechanics, hydrostatics and pneumatics; text-books: Latin-Csesar (De Bello Galico). first two books; natural phil- osophy-Peck's Ganot, or Parker's Philosophy; Greek-first chapter of St. John's Gospel; French-first chapter of Telemaque, or Charles XII.; German-Adler's Reader, first part. From those who expect to practice only in this country this examination is not.required, "It is assumed that preceptors sending students to the college have satisfied themselves 122 that their pupils have received proper preliminary education, and the college does not require a matriculating examination; but students who intend to practice in States in which the laws require a preliminary examination for those not provided with literary degrees or other evidences of scholarship as one of the conditions for a license to prac- tice medicine, may pass the required preliminary examination at the college, and will receive a certificate of having passed such examination from the secretary." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age: 2) proper testimonials of character: 3) three years' study; 4) two full courses of lectures; 5) satisfactory examination in each of the seven departments of instruction, viz : practice of medicine, surgery, obstetrics, materia medica and therapeutics, physiology, anatomy and chemistry-the examinations upon practice of medicine and surgery include diseases of the nervous system, patho- logical anatomy, ophthalmology and diseases of the skin; 6) one course of practical anatomy; 7)one course of normal and pathological histology and microscopical examina- tion of urine. Fees: Matriculation,$5; lectures, $140; demonstrator, $10; pathological laboratory, $10i graduation, $30. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 423 130 30 7 1878-79 450 165 36 6 1879-80 502 142 28.3 1880-81 379 118 31 1 1881-82 480 161 34- 1882-83 407 167 35.7 1883 84 434 149 34.3 1884-85 365 134 36.7 1885-88 386 139 36+ Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past nine years, thirty-three. Remarks: There are three regular examinations tor the degree: one at the close of the winter session, one at the close of the spring session, and one during the first week in October. The June and October examinations are exclusively for the benefit ot those students who have attended the courses of lectures required, the last course being at this college, but whose time of study does not expire until the summer or fail. Graduates of other accredited colleges are examined in all the departments, the same as undergradu- ates, and must fulfill all the requirements demanded of undergraduates. The faculty will not grant a degree to any graduate of three or more years' standing who does not exhibit to the secretary a certificate of membership in some regular medical society. This rule is invariable. The faculty announce the completion of the "Carnegie Laboratory." the gift of Andrew Carnegie, of the Board of Trustees. The building is 50X160 feet and five stories high. It contains, in addition to three general laboratories and private rooms for original work, a large auditorium for teaching by lectures. It is but a few yards distant from the coll- ge and the "advantages offered by this most important addition to the educational resources of the college are open to all interested in such work as the new laboratories are designed to promote,"!, e.: mainly physiology, pathology, and experimental therapeutics. Names of matriculates for 1885-86 not given. NEW YORK MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL FOR WOMEN-(Homeopathic). New York City. Clemence 8. Lozier. M. D., Dean, 103 W. Forty-eighth street. Organized in 1863. The first class was graduated in 1864. Classes have been graduated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces fifteen professors, two assistant professors, one adjunct pro- fessor and one lecturer. Course of Instruction: The regular session of 1886-87 began October 1. 1886, and continues twenty-six weeks. The curriculum of studies extends oyer a three-years' graded course, and is arranged as follows: "First year, theoretical and inorganic chemis- try, physiology, general and descriptive anatomy, histology, hygiene-dissections will be obligatory on all students of this year.-Second year, organic chemistry, with toxicology, histology and pathological anatomy, physiology, anatomy, hygiene, materia medica, sur- gery, gynecology, diseases of children, obstetrics, pathology and practice of medicine. Students of this year are expected to finish their dissections to the satisfaction ot the professor of anatomy.-Third year, continuation of pathology and practice of medicine, materia medica, obstetrics, gynecology, diseases of children, surgery, ophthalmology and otology, diseases of the chest, medical jurisprudence, pathological anatomy, mental and nervous diseases. During the year students are required to attend the various clinics of the college. Each student will also be required to take charge of obstetrical cases.'' Actual attendance on lectures is required. Requirements: For admission-"Applicants for matriculation are required to give satisfactory! testimony of moral character, together with proof of having arrived at the 123 age of eighteen years: they must present a certificate of graduation from some reputable school or pass an examination in the English branches." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age: 2) three full years'study; 3) three com- plete courses of lectures; 4) thesis; 5) satisfactory examinations both before the faculty and the board of censors. Fee«: Matriculation, paid but once, $5; lectures, per session, $75; demonstrator. $10; graduation, $30. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 - 27 - 1878-79 - 6 ■ 1879-80 - 7 - 1880-81 - 5 - 1881-82 - 10 - -- 1882-83 - 8 - 1883-84 - 8 - 1884-85 30 13 43.3 1885-86 39 13 33.3 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past two years, thirty-seven. Name of matriculates not given in announcement. Remarks: The trustees announce that "they have made the course of study unequiv- ocally a three years' araded course. * * * While studying one year with a pre- ceptor may be excellent preparation for entering college, it can not take the place of the instruction given during the first year in college; hence this decision by the board." There is no provision for admitting students to advanced standing by examination; but a literal compliance with the requirements of attendance upon three full lecture terms is specified as a condition of graduation. ECLECTIC MEDICAL COLLEGE OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK. New York City. George W. Boskowitz, M. D., Dean, 1 Livingston Place. Organized in 1865. The first class was graduated in 1866. Classes have been gradu- ated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces eight professors, six lecturers, and one demonstrator. Course of Instruction: The twenty-fifth annual session began October 4,1886,and will continue six months; clinics in hospital and dispensary. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medlca and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and diseases of women and children, medical jurisprudence, toxicology, and diseases of the eye, throat and skin, nervous diseases and insanity, hygiene, electro-therapeutics and forensic medicine. Requirements: For admission-"Candidates for matriculation will be required to produce written evidence by persons of good repute as to their moral character and standing, in addition to which they will be required to furnish proof that they have re- ceived a good English education, including mathematics, composition, and natural philosophy." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) three years' study under the super- vision of a reputable physician; 3) two full terms of instruction; 4) a thesis on some med- ical subject. Fees: Matriculation. $5; lectures, $100; demonstrator, $10; analytical chemistry, $10; graduation, $30. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent 1877-78 107 26 24.3 1878-79 138 24 17.4 1879-80 143 32 22 3 1880 81 215 64 29.7 1881-82 146 50 34.2 1882-83 131 37 28.2 1883-84 96 19 19.7 1884-85 45 11 24.4 1885-86 *74 15 20.2 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past nine years, twenty-five. *Not including four graduates who matriculated. 124 BROOKLYN ACADEMY OF MEDICINE. Brooklyn, N. Y. (Auxiliary to the Eclectic Medical Society of N. Y.). Incorporated April 24, 1865. Charter revoked about 1880. WOMAN'S MEDICAL COLLEGE OF THE NEW YORK INFIRMARY. New York City. Emily Blackwell, M. D., Dean, 128 Second avenue. Organized in 1868. The first class was graduated in 1870. Classes have been gradu- ted each subsequent year. The faculty embraces nine professors, four clinical professors, six lecturers, two lecturers adjunct, one demonstrator and eleven instructors. Course of Instruction: "The college year is divided into two terms of four months' each, and half of the studies appropriate to the year are alloted to each of these terms. The first term lasts from October 1 to February 1. The second from February 1 to May 15. The course of study required to render a student eligible for graduation covers three col- lege years. Those students who wish to do so, may, however, divide the second of their three years into two, thus completing their course in four years." Division of studies: "First year-Anatomy and dissecting; physiology: materia med- ica and histology; students will also dissect and work in the pharmaceutical, chemical and histological laboratories. Second year-Anatomy, physiology, chemistry, patholog- ical anatomy, practice, surgery, obstetrics, therapeutics and hygiene. Third year-Practice, pathological anatomy, surgery, hygiene, obstetrics and therapeutics. During this year each student enjoys the privilege of attending upon ten cases of obstetrics in the infirmary wards; of witnessing operations at the infirmary, as also at other hospitals in the city, and may listen to the clinical lectures at Bellevue." Each professor quizzes on his own lectures, and an instructor is attached to each chair to assist in quizzing. Requirements: For admission-Students entering the graded college course, unless •they bring a diploma from some recognized literary school, will be required to pass a preliminary examination in the following branches: 1. Orthography, English composi- tion and penmanship, by means of a page written at the time and place of examination. 2. Definitions and synonyms as found in "The Scholar's Companion." 3. Latin, thorough declensions and conjugations. 4. Arithmetic in denominate numbers, fractions, propor- tion, percentage and the roots. 5. Algebra, Davies' Elementary, through simple equa- tions. 6. Geometry, Davies' Legendre, first and second books. 7. Botany, physics and chemistry, as found in "Science Primers," edited by Profs. Huxley, Roscoe and Balfour Stewart. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) must give evidence of having studied medicine during three years, have spent at least one con- tinuous year at this school (if only one this must be the last year): 4) a thesis on some medical subject; 5) satisfactory examinations before the faculty and the board of exam- iners will also be required. Fees: Matriculation, $5; professor's tickets, $60 first year. $105 second year; $45 third; demonstrator's. $10 first and second year; laboratory fees, $15 first year, $5 second; dissect- ion, $10 first year, $5 third; reading room, 50 cents per year; graduation, $30. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 - 7 - 1878-79 • 10 - 1859-80 - 11 ■ ■■ ■ ■ 1880-81 60 8 13 3 1881 82 49 10 20.4 18'2-8:1 40 5 12.5 1883-84 40 9 22.5 1881-85 33 11 33.3 1885-86 34 8 23.5 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past six years, nineteen. NEW YORK FREE MEDICAL COLLEGE FOR WOMEN. New York City. Organized in 1871.-Extinct, 1877 . 125 COLLEGE OF MEDICINE OF SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY. Syracuse, N. Y. William T. Plant, M. D., Registrar, 18 Harrison street. Organized in 1872, as the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Syracuse University. In 1875 assumed its present title. The Geneva Medical College, organized In 1836. was merged into this institution. The first class was graduatedin 1873. Classes have been graduated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces thirteen professors, two lecturers, seven instructors, and a director of anatomical laboratory. Course of Instruction: The college year begins the first Tuesday in October and ends on the second Thursday in June. Attendance at college during athree years' graded course is recommended, but not absolutely required. Students are divided into three classes, according to their proficiency and time of study. Studies-"First year: analomy, physiology, chemistry, histology and botany. Second year: anatomy, physiology, medi- cal chemistry, materia medica. practice, surgery, and clinics. Third year: therapeutics, practice, surgery, obstetrics, pediatrics, pathology, gynecology, forensic medicine, ophthalmology and clinics." Requirements: For admission-Evidence of possessing a fair preliminary education or examination in the branches of a common English education. Students who have al- ready pursued the study of medicine to some extent, may be examined and promoted to such advanced standing as their acquirements entitle them to. Candidates for the sec- ond year will come prepared for the' examination in anatomy on the bones, joints, and muscles; on nutrition in physiology; on the inorganic part of Atfield's chemistry; on the optical principles of the microscope, with thirty different objects, prepared and mounted by themselves, and on the principles of botany. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age: 2) good character; 3) three years' study, the last of which, at least, must have been spent in this school; 4? satisfactory examina- tions. Fees: Matriculation. $5; lectures for the year, $100; for either term alone, $65; chemical laboratory, $10; anatomical laboratory, $10; graduation, $25. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1878-79 40 5 12.5 1819-80 51 6 11 7 1880-81 60 20 33.3 1881-82 45 11 21 4 1882- 83 44 12 27 2 1883-81 46 11 23.9 1884-85 38 11 29 1885-86 41 11 26.8 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past eight years, twenty-three. Remarks: "Besides the faculty examinations, candidates for the degree are exam- ined orally by the college censors." • THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK STATE. Office at Albany, N. Y. From the law conferring the power of granting diplomas, passed in 1872. the follow- ing is taken. The regents of the University shall not grant a diploma conferring the degree of Doc- tor of Medicine upon any one who has not, for at least three years after the age of sixteen, pursued the study of medical science with some physician or surgeon duly authorized to practice; and also attended two complete courses of all the lectures deliveied to an incor- porated medical college. The regents of the University in the State of New York are authorized to appoint one or more boards of examiners in medicine, which shall consist of not less than seven regularly licensed physicians and surgeons in the State. This board shall examine all candidates, referred to them by the chancellor, in anatomy, phy- siology, materia medica, pathology, histology, clinical medicine, chemistry, surgery, midwifery and therapeutics. All persons who are over twenty-one years of age, of good moral character, and can produce to the chancellor satfsfactory proof that they have competent knoivledge of all the branches of learning taught in the common schools of the State, and of the Latin language, and have diligently studied medicine for not less than three years, can apply to the chancellor for an examination by the board of examiners. • The fee for an examina- tion shall be $25. The regents shall grant, to any candidate who has been recommended by five members of the board of examiners, a diploma conferring the degree of Doctor of Medicine from the University of New York. Ten dollars must be paid for this diploma. 126 UNITED STATES MEDICAL COLLEGE-(Eclectic^ New Yobk City. Organized in 1878, in a manner which has since been declared illegal by the State Supreme Court.-Extinct since 1882. COLLEGE OE PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS OF BUFFALO. Buffalo, N.Y. Extinct. Organized in 1879, in a manner which has been decided illegal by the Supreme Court of the State. The first class was graduated jn 1889. No class graduated in 1882. From a circular issued prior to the last session, the following extracts are taken: "1'he character of the teachings will, as in the past, be liberal to the fullest extent; allopathy and homeo- pathy being thoroughly taught by an able staff of medical men. Liberal medicine is rapidly surpassing the old and'bigotted'system, whose graduates should not be con- sidered thoroughly 'competant' to go out into the world to practice the healing art, whereas. Liberal Medicine gives them a thorough knowledge of all the useful systems, thereby enabling them to more successfully cope with disease and death." MEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF NIAGARA UNIVERSITY. Buffalo, N. Y. A. A. Hubbell, M D., Secretary, 212 Franklin street. Organized in 1883. The faculty embraces twelve professors, three lecturers, and two demonstrators, and two assistants to the chairs of obstetrics and materia medica. Course of Instruction; The fourth regular course of lectures began September 29,1886. and will continue until April 12,1887. The time of study required is three years, including three full terms of medical lectures of six months each, and an extension to tour yearsis recommended. Division of studies: First year-general chemistry, materia medica, pharmacy, his- tology, anatomy, physiology dissections, laboratory work. Examinations at the end of the year in general chemistry, materia medica and pharmacy. Second year-medical chemistry, anatomy, physiology, pathology, therapeutics, hygiene, obstetrics,; principles and practice of medicine, principles and practice of surgery, dissections, laboratory work, clinics. Examinations at the end of the year in medical chemistry, anatomy (com- pleted), physiology (completed), pathology, therapeutics (general, and obstetrics in part. Third year-special theraneutics, principles an t practice of medicine, principles and practice of surgery, operative surgery, obstetrics, diseases of children, diseases of women, diseases of the eye. ear and throat, diseases of the skin, diseases of the nervous system and insanity, genito-urinary diseases, medical jurisprudence, clinical instruction in each department. Examinations at the end of the year for the degree. Students who have attended one full course of lectures elsewhere will be admitted to the second year of this school, after passing the examinations of the first year's studies. Requirements: For admission-"Students desiring to be admitted to the curriculum of this school must present evidences of a good moral character; they must possess a sufficient knowledge of the fundamental branches of education to enable them to profita- bly pursue the study of medicine. Candidates not presenting such evidences of prelimi- nary qualifications will be required to pass an examination in the branches of a good English education, including mathematics, English composition, and elementary physics or natural philosophy, and in Latin, including Arnold's'First Lat'n Book' or its equiva- lent." Students not possessing the required amount of Latin may enter conditionally "upon their qualifying themselves by the beginning of the second year." Those who have received a collegiate degree, who have passed the matriculatory examination of a recognized college, or who have a certificate covering the required subject from a recog- nized normal or high school, or other institution, may enter without examination. For graduation. 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) a liberal education; 3) at least three years' study of medicine; 4) a good moral character; 5) at least three full courses of medi- cal lectures; 6) completion of the curriculum of this school; 7) satisfactory final examina- tions before the faculty and board of examiners. Fees: Matriculation. $5; lectures, $69; demonstrator, $10; graduation, $25. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 18*3-84 13 - - 1884-85 23 - ■ 1885-8G 35 6 17.1 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past three years, eight. 127 NORTH CAROLINA: BOARD OF MEDICAL EXAMINERS OF NORTH CAROLINA. Wilmington, N. C. W. J. H. Bellamy, M. D., Secretary. Incorporated 1859. The Board of Medical Examiners of the State of North Carolina is a body separate and distinct from the State Board of Health-its duty being to examine all applicants for license to practice medicine or surgery, or any of the branches thereof, in the State. It is composed of seven members, who are elected by the State Medical Society, and who serve for a period of six years. Its powers are derived from acts of the Legislature, which have been amended at different times since the year 1859, when the first act creating a Board of Medical Examiners was passed. No penaltv originally attached to the failure to comply with the provisions of the act. except inability to collect a medical hill by Jaw. In the year 1885, an amendment was parsed fixing the penalty at a minimum of twenty-five or a maximum of one hundred dollars, or imprisonment for each and every offence. Each applicant for license must give written evidence that he is of good moral charac- ter and twenty-one years of age; must submitto an examination in 1) surgery and surgical pathology and diseases of the eye and ear; 2) chemistry and pharmacy: 3) anatomy; 4) physiology and medical hygiene; 5) materia medica and therapeutics; 6) obstetrics and diseases of women and children: 7) practice of medicine and medical pathology. Appli- cants must answer sixty-six and two-thirds percent, of alljthe'questions satisfactorily. (In the future the standard will be raised to at least 70 per cent.) Temporary licenses may be issued in the interim between the regular annual meet- ings, by any two members of the Board, to hold good only until the next annual meeting thereafter. The fee for temporary license is $5; for permanent license, $10. The annual meetings are held at the same time and place as those of the State Medi- cal Society. The last was held at Newberne, N. C. There were sixty-three applicants. Forty-six were granted licenses. Several applicants were allowed to withdraw their applications. Year, Applicants. Licensed. Percent. 1886 63 46 73 The next annual meeting will be held at Charlotte, in April, 1887. MEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA. Chapel Hill, N. C. Organized in 1796. This school only gives instruction in medicine, and does not now grant degrees. It granted diplomas in former years. EDINBOROUGH MEDICAL COLLEGE. Incorporated 1868. The college was located in the backwoods of Bobeson County, near Lumberton, a small town of five hundred inhabitants. When the only professor (Dr. McLean) died a few years ago. the school became extinct. A number of its diplomas are found in North Carolina and adjoining States. LEONARD MEDICAL SCHOOL. Medical Department of Shaw University. Raleigh, N. C. C. S. Pratt, M. D., Dean of the Faculty. Organized in 1882, for the education of colored students of both sexes. The faculty consists of six professors. Course of Instruction: The session of 1886-87, beginning November 1, 1886, continues five months. Graded course of study, extending over four years. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, laryngology, ophthalmology and otology, diseases of children, dermatology and diseases of the nervous system. Crder of studies: First year-anatomy, physiology, general chemistry, and materia medica; second year-practical anatomy, medical chemistry, physiology, pathological anatomy, practice of medicine and surgery; third year-therapeutics, obstetrics, theory and practice of medicine and surgery; fourth year-ophthalmology, otology, dermatology, syphilis, laryngology, diseases of the nervous system, diseases of women, diseases of children, operative surgery, forensic medicine, and clinical instruction. 128 Requirements: For admission-"Applicants must be at least eighteen years of age' and will be required to pass a preliminary examination sufficient to show their fitness to enter upon the study of medicine, unless they can furnish a certificate of their previous standing in school from some principal or president of a reputable institution of learn- ing." A literary course of two years'duration, preliminary to the medical course, has been established by the university. For graduation: l) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) four years' graded course; 4) dissect the entire cadaver; 5) thesis; 6) satisfactory examination, an average of seventy-five per cent, being required to pass. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $60; graduation, $10; incidentals, $3. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent 1883-84 12 - - 1884-85 17 - 1885-86 26 6 23+ Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past three years, ten. OHIO. MEDICAL COLLEGE OF OHIO. Cincinnati, O. James G. Hyndman, M. D., Secretary. 22 W. Ninth street. Organized in 1819. The first class was graduated in 1821. Classes have been gradu- ated each subsequent year. In 18 >8 the Miami Medical College was merged into this insti- tution, and continued in this relation until 1865, when the Miami was re-established. (See Miami Medical College, infra.) The faculty embraces ten professors, ten assistants to chairs, three lecturers and three demonstrators. Course of Instruction: The collegiate year embraces a winter and a short spring course. The former, for the session of 1886-87, began September 20.1886, and will close March 1,1887. The spring course will begin about the middle of March and continue for six weeks. Clinics at hospital and dispensary, and private courses for advanced students and practitioners on special topics in medicine and surgery. Lectures embrace ophthalmology, otology, anatomy, clinical surgery, materia medica, therapeutics, clinical medicine, theory and practice of medicine, principles and practice of surgery, obstetrics,.diseases of children, gynecology, physiology, medical chemistry, clinical laryngology, pathology, dermatology, histology, hygiene and medical jurispru- dence. Daily examinations or quizzes are conducted by the assistants to the respective chairs. No fee is charged for this quiz, and all students are required to attend regularly. Requirements: For admission-"Applicants for admission to the college must give evidence of at least a good English education, including mathematics and elementary principles of physics. An examination on these subjects, as taught in the common schools, will be conducted by a committee of the faculty. Graduates of a literary or sci- entific college, highschool or academy, gentlemen having a county or State teacher's certificate, graduates in medicine, and students desiring to pursue a special course of study-other than for the purpose of securing a degree-will be exempt from this exam- ination. * * * Students whose previous course of study is equivalent to that required for admission may, by special arrangement, be admitted on certificate of their preceptors." ' The general demand for a good preliminary education of those about to enter our profession is shown by the recent utterances of the American Medical Association and the enactments of several State boards of health. We desire to call special attention to the fact that In several States the diplomas of such schools as do not require an examin- ation preliminary to entrance are not accepted as qualifying lor practice." For graduation: 1) satisfactory evidence of good moral character, and having at- tained the age of twenty-one years; 2) satisfactory certificate of having studied medicine for at least three years under a regular graduate, or licentiate and practitioner of medi- cine, in good standing, using the word "regular" in the sense commonly understood in the medical profession. "No candidate shall be eligible for final examination for gradu- ation unless his term of three years'study shall have been completed, or shall expire at a date no later than three months after the close of the final examinations;" 3) at least two full courses of instruction; 4) dissections of at least two regions of the body; 5> clinical instruction (hospital) during each year's attendance; 6) a satisfactory examination in each branch taught in the college. Fees; Professors'tickets. $75; matriculation ticket, $5: dissecting ticket (including material), $10; practical chemistry (including material!, $10: practical h'stology (including material), $10; practical pathology (including material), $10; iiospital ticket, $5; graduation fee, $25. 129 Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session, Matriculates. Graduates. • Percent. 1877-78 304 102 33 5 1879-80 326 103 31.6 1881-82 341 104 30.5 1882-83 302 102 33.7 1883-84 257 100 38.8 1884-85 209 58 27.7 1885-86 210 78 37.1 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past seven years, thirty-three. WORTHINGTON MEDICAL COLLGE-{Eclectic). Medical Department of Ohio University. Worthington, O. Organized in 1832. Removed to Cincinnati in 1843. Classes were graduated in 1834, 1835,1836,1837 and 1838. In 1845 the name was changed, and it became the Eclectic Medical Institute. (Vide infra.) CINCINNATI MEDICAL COLLEGE. Cincinnati, O. Organized in 1834. Merged into the Medical College of Ohio in 1846. WILLOUGHBY UNIVERSITY, MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. Willoughby, Lake County, O. Organized in 1835. Removed to Columbus in 1846, where one course of lectures was given. In 18i7 it became extinct by being merged into Starling Medical College, which see. PHYSIO-MEDICAL COLLEGE. Cincinnati Literary and Scientific Institute. Cincinnati, O. Organized in 1836. Graduated classes until 1880.-Extinct. BOTANICO-MEDICAL COLLEGE OF OHIO. Cincinnati, O. Chartered in 1838.-Extinct in 1850. AMERICAN MEDICAL COLLEGE-{Eclectic). Cincinnati, O. Organized in 1839. Merged into the Eclectic Medical Institute in 1857. WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY, MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. Cleveland Medical College, Medical Department of Adelbert College of the Western Reserve University. Cleveland, O. C. B. Parker, M. D. Secretary, 352 Erie street. Organized in 1843 as the Cleveland Medical College, Medical Department of ^Western Reserve College, by Profs. Ackley, Cassells and Delameter of the Willoughby University, Medical Department; Prof. Kirtland of Cincinnati and Prof. St. John, Chemist of Western Reserve College at Hudson. Reorganized in 1881 by a union of the faculty of the Cleve- land Medical College and a majority ot the faculty of the Medical Department of Wooster University, as the Medical Department of Western Reserve University. In March 1882: 130 the Board of Trustees of Western Reserve University conferred the ad eundem degree of Doctor of Medici 'e upon all graduates of the Cleveland Medical College, and upon such graduates of the Wooster Medical Department prior to 1881 as desired it. The faculty embraces fourteen professors, one lecturer and one demonstrator. Course of Instruction: The college year embraces a special spring and a regular wintercour.se. The spring term ot 1886 opened the first Wednesday in April and con- tinued twelve weeks: the regular winter term opened September 22, 1886. and will close March3.1887. The plan ot instruction includes lectures, clinics, recitations, quizzes and practical demonstrations. Three-years'graded course recommended, but not required. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chem'stry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice ,of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, state medicine and hygiene, medical jurisprudence, ophthalmology and otology, diseases of children, orthopedic surgery, and osteology. Requirements: For admission-1) credible certificate of good moral standing; 2) diploma of graduation from a literary and scientific college or high school; or, lacking this, a thorough examination in the branches of a good English education. For graduation: 1) good English education; 2) twenty-one years of age; 3) three years'study; 4) two full courses of lectures; 5) satisfactory examination to the faculty and board of censors. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures (including hospital), $50; graduation, $30. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1879-80 86 27 31.4 1881-82 188 83 44.1 1882-83 161 50 31 1883-84 167 54 32 3 1884-85 126 56 44 4 1885-86 119 47 39.4 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past six years, thirty-seven. Remarks: The faculty announce that their new college building, the gift of Mr. John L. Woods, of Cleveland, will be ready for occupancy tor the opening of the regular term in September, 1886, and that it will be one of the largest and best adapted to its purposes of any in the country. ECLECTIC MEDICAL INSTITUTE. Cincinnati, O. John M, Scudder, M. D., 228 Court street. Organized in 1845 as the successor of the Worthington Medical College (organized in 1832). The American Medical College was merged into this school in 1857. and the Eclectic College of Medicine and Surgery in 1859. The first class was graduated in 1845 and two or more classes have been graduated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces eight professors and a demonstrator; the professor of pathology and the practice of medicine also lectures upon hygiene, and the professor of surgery lectures upon medical jurisprudence. Course of Instruction: Two sessions annually. The regular session of 1886-87 com- menced September 1,1886, and continues twenty weeks; the spring session will commence January 15, and close June 1, 1887. A three-years' graded course is recommended, but not required. Clinics at hospital aud college. 1 Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, clinical medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene and medical jurisprudence. Requirements: For admission-1) credible certificate of good moral character; 2) diploma of graduation from a good literary and scientific college, or high school, or a first-grade teacher's certificate; lacking this, a thorough examination in the branches of a good English education, including mathematics, English composition and elementary physics or natural philosophy. For graduation: "Students applying for graduation must have read medicine for three years and attended two full courses of lectures in different years, the last of which has been in this institution; or have read two years and attended three courses of lec- tures; or have attended four courses of lectures without previous reading. Examinations for the degree of Doctor of Medicine will be held at the close of both winter and spring sessions, but there will be but one public commencement yearly-at the close of the spring session, and all diplomas will bear date of the first Tuesday in^June." Fees: Lectures, including matriculation and demonstrator's fees, $75; graduation, $25. 131 Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 267 121 45.3 1878-79 209 74 35.4 1879-80 243 50 20.5 188 i-81 316 114 36+ 1881-82 272 100 36.7 1882-83 225 61 28.4 1883-84 190 83 43.6 1884-85 169 69 40.8 1885-86 161 58 36+ Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past nine years, thirty-live. STARLING MEDICAL COLLEGE. Columbus, O. T. C. Hoover, M. D., Registrar, 229 East State street. Organized in 1847, The Medical Department of Willoughby University was merged into it the same year. Tbe first class was graduated in 1848. Classes have been gradu- ated in each subsequent year. The faculty embraces eleven professors, one lecturer and one demonstrator. Course of Instruction: The regular session of 1886-87 began September 15.1886, and closes March 10,1887. A three-years' graded course is recommended, but not required. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, medical jurisprudence, diseases of children, venereal diseases, ophthalmology and otology, toxi- cology, histology, and hygiene. Requirements: For admission-"Applicants for admission into the college must give satisfactory evidence of having, at least, a fair English education." For graduation, 1) twenty-one years of age, and certificate of good moral character; 2) three years' study; 3) two full courses; 4) s tecessful examination; 5) thesis; 6; one course of dissection. Fees: Matriculation, $5; demonstrator, <5; lectures, $50; laboratory, $5; graduation,$25. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 65 26 40 1878-79 48 20 41.8 1879-80 71 26 36.6 1880-81 99 35 35.3 1881-82 116 55 45.7 1882-83 59 25 40.7 1883-84 71 25 35.2 1884-85 85 30 35.2 1885-86 78* 28 35.9 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past nine years, thirty-nine. ♦Not including one graduate who matriculated. HOMEOPATHIC HOSPITAL COLLEGE. Cleveland, O. G. J. Jones, M. D., Registrar, 91 Public Square. Organized in 1819, as the Western College of Homeopathic Medicine. In 1857 the name was changed to the Western Homeopathic College, and in 1870 the corporation assumed the present title. In 1870 the Homeopathic College for Women was merged into this insti- tution. The first class was graduatediin 1853. Classes have been graduated in each sub- sequent year. The faculty embraces thirteen professors, one adjunct professor, two lecturers and one demonstrator. Course of Instruction: The regular annual term of 1886-87 began September 29.1886, and closes March 25. 1887. A three-years'graded course is recommended, but not required. Previous to each lecture the class will be daily questioned upon the subjects of the pre- ceding lecture. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica, theory and prac- tice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, medical jurisprudence. 132 hygiene and sanitary science, ophthalmology and otology, microscopy and histology, nervous and mental diseases, and diseases of women. Requirements: For admission-"All applicants must present a degree in letters or science, a diploma from a high school or academy, or a teac.ner's certificate, or pass a creditable examination in orthography, penmanship, composition, arithmetic, English grammar and United States history." For graduation; 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) two full courses of lectures; 3) three years' study; 4) good English scholarship; 5) well sustained written examinations. Fees: Matriculation (paid once only), $5; lectures, $60; demonstrator, $10; hospital, $5; graduation, $30. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 106 34 32 1878-79 108 25 23+ 1879-80 130 25 19 2 1880-81 131 26 19.8 1881-82 129 26 20 + 1882-83 131 55 50.9> 1883-84 91 40 43.9 1884-85 81 30 35.7 1885-86 82* 26 31.7 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past nine years, twenty-nine. *Not including three graduates who matriculated. CINCINNATI COLLEGE OF MEDICINE AND SURGERY. Cincinnati, O. J. H. Hazard, M. D., Secretary, 53 Lawrence street. Organized in 1849. The first class was graduated in 1852, and one or more classes have been graduated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces ten professors and one demonstrator, with four professors and four adjunct professors of special departments. Course of Instruction: The regular graduating session of 1886-87 began September 13,1886, and closes the latter part ol February, 1887. Students may if they desire have their course of instruction graded. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, ophthalmology and otology, laryngology, oral surgery and diseases of children. Requirements: For admission-"Students applying for admission must present satisfactory evidences, by examination, diploma or teacher's certificate, of an adequate English education. Students having attended one or more courses of lectures in some other regular medical college, will be admitted on presentation of tickets to this effect." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3/ two full courses of lectures; 4) three years'study; 5) satisfactory examination; 6) practical anatomy for one session;?) hospital clinics for one session. Fees: Matriculation, $5; demonstrator (including material), $10; hospital, $5; chemical laboratory,$5; lectures. *40; graduation, $.'5. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1876-77 137 68 so- 1877-78 80 32 io 1878-79 - 26 ■ ■ 1879-80 66 27 40.9 1880-81 93 30 32 2 1881-82 35 15 42.8 1882-83 46 15 34.7 1883-84 - 14 - 1884-85 53 25 47.1 1885-86 36 17 47 2 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for eight years, reported in full, forty-one. 133 MIAMI MEDICAL COLLEGE. Cincinnati, O. Wm. H. Taylor. M. D.. Dean, 329 West Seventh street. Organized in 1852. Classes were graduated from 1853 to 1857, inclusive. In 1858 this college was merged into the Medical College of Ohio-which see. ante. In 1865 the Miami Medical College was re-established and a class was graduated in 1866, since which time classes have been graduated annually. The faculty embraces eleven professors, three lecturers, five assistants to chairs, three demonstrators and one pharmacist. Course of Instruction: The winter session of 1886-8? began September 21,1886, and continues for five and a half months. A three-years' graded course recommended but not required-see "Remarks" appended. Special hours are devoted by each professor to review examinations of his preceding lectures. Clinics at dispensary and hospital. Lectures embrace (by chairs) clinical medicine, principles and practice of surgery, ophthalmology, aural surgery and clinical ophthalmology, obstetrics and clinical mid- wifery, principles and practice of medicine and clinical medicine, materia medica and therapeutics, diseases of women and children and clinical gynecology, chemistry and toxicology, clinical surgery, physiology, clinical larnygology and hygiene, descriptive and surgical anatomy, and clinical medicine. Requirements: For admission-"The student must give evidence of educational qualification in the form of a diploma from a college or high school, or a teacher's certifi- cate. In the absence of any of these he must submit to an examination by a committee of the faculty. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) three years' study; 4) two full 'courses of lectures; one course 5) of practical anatomy, 6) of practical chemistry, and 7) of clinics at the hospital; 8) full and satisfactory' examination on each branch taught in the college. Fees: Matriculation, $5: demonstrator, $5; practical chemistry, $7; practical physiology and histology, $7; lectures, $75; graduation, $25; hospital, $5. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, ^nd percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 129 50 38.7 1878-79 120 33 27.5 1879-80 147 48 32.7 1880-81 126 34 27- 1881-82 124 41 33+ 1882-83 114 41 36- 1883-84 104 28 26.9 1884 85 104 27 25.9 1885-86 100 37 37 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past nine years, thirty-one. Remarks: The system of instruction is so arranged as to give the student his choice of two courses: one of these is the course commonly given in other medical colleges, and consists of two courses of didacticiand clinical lectures, including laboratory instruction and dissections. The other course is designated the "Graded Course," and is based upon the fact that a regular systematic graded course is the proper one for acquiring a knowl- edge of any of the sciences, and a number of years' experience in this school has fully demonstrated that the "Graded Course" is, in every respect, much the better one of the two, and is urged upon the students by the faculty, as it allows ample time for thorough and practical work in all departments, while the evils of the cramming system are avoided. -Extract from the Twenty-seventh annual Announcement. ECLECTIC COLLEGE OF MEDICINE AND SURGERY. Cincinnati, 0. Organized in 1856. Classes were graduated in 1857. 1858 and 1859.-Merged into the Eclectic Medical Institute in 1859. PHYSIO-MEDICAL INSTITUTE. Cincinnati, O. Organized in 1859.-Extinct, 1885. 134 MEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF WOOSTER. Cleveland. O. Alvin Ever, Secretary of the Faculty, 19 Euclid avenue. Organized in 1863, asthe Charity Hospital Medical College. It was transferred to its present connection in 1870. The first class was graduated in 1865. One or more classes have been graduated in each subsequent year, excepting 1881. The faculty embraces thirteen professors, five assistants to chairs, and one demon- strator. Course of Instruction; The faculty have changed their calendar to the "one session a year" plan. A recitation term, consisting of twelve weeks, commenced October 1,1886. The summer or graduating ses-ion will commence March 1,. 1887, and continue twenty-one weeks. Five recitations are held each week by professors to review their lectures. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology and histology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, tneory and practice of medicine, surgeiy, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, dermatology, diseases of children, ophthalmology and otology, pathology and microscopy. Requirements: For admission-"Applicants for admission to this school are required to give evidence of possessing a good English education, and a certificate of good moral character." "An examining committee has been appointed in order to comply with the require- ments of the laws of the various State s an t Sta e boards of health, demanding a prelimi- nary examination before admission to medical lectures. Students possessing academical degrees, or who have graduated at high schools, or who have received a teacher's certifi- cate, will do well to bring evidence of that fact with them." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) three years' study: 3) complete dis- sections of the human body during his two courses; 4) two full courses of lectures; 5) satis- factory written examinations on all branches taught. "Candidates [tor graduation] having no registration in this college must furnish the following: 1) a certificate of character and prior educational attainments; 2) a certificate of time of study with the date of beginning; and 3) certificates showing what lectures-if any-they have attended, and with whom, and to what extent they have studied practical anatomy. Fees: Matriculation, $5; general ticket, including hospital and demonstrator's ticket, $50;[graduation, $30; ticket in full for recitation term, $10. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent 1878 83 24 29- 1879 89 37 41 5 1880 88 38 43+ 1881 106 37 35- 1883 33 14 42 4 1883 57 17 21 + 1884 46 16 34.7 1885 37 23 62.1 1886 43 17 39.5 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past nine years, thirty-eight. PULTE MEDICAL COLLEGE-{Homeopathic.} Cincinnati, O. J. M. Crawford, M. D., Registrar, 136 W. Eighth street. Organized in 1872. The first class was graduated in 1873. Classes have been gradu- ated in each subsequent year. The faculty embraces thirteen professors and one demonstrator. Course of Instruction: The session of 1886-87 began September 29.1886, and closes March 2.1887. A three-years'graded course is recommended, but not required. Clinics at hospital and dispensary; quizzes by professors and students' society. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, ophthal- mology and otology, diseases of nervous system, pedology, medical jurisprudence, phar- macology, hygiene and sanitary science, and genito-urinary diseases. Requirements: For admission-"An entrance examination will be held preliminary to matriculation, covering the common English branches. Any student presenting a college or high school diploma, or a certificate of admission to any literary college, or a teacher s certificate, will be exempt from this examination.'' For examination: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) two full courses of lectures; 4) three years' study; 5) thorough examination on all subjects taught in the school; 6) dissection of two parts. 135 Fees: Matriculation (paid but once), $5; lectures, $50; hospital, $5; demonstrator, $10; graduation, $30. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent, 1877-78 - 44 - 1878-79 - 29 ■ 1879-80 - 22 - 1880-81 88 • 41 46.6 1881-82 79 34 43+ 1882-83 66 31 47 18-3-84 65 16 24.6 1884-85 52 30 57 7 1885-86 55 16 29 + Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past six years, forty-one. AMERICAN HEALTH COLLEGE. Cincinnati, O. Organized in 1874-'6. The faculty embraces one person, who teaches "the great vita- pathic system, which he originated and copyrighted." The following is extracted from the author's "little red book:" "The author furnishes books, printed lessons, formulas, receipts, specifics, and special modes of vital treatment for all diseases, with the sure method of diagnosis, and all lessons belonging to the vitapathic system, with diploma and full right to practice, to physicians of all schools and all well qualified persons, who can learn the new system at home. Males, for $100. Females, for $75. Male students who need verbal lessons and full college course, with all the above, $150. Female students (the same), $100 "N. B.-Students can get general medical instruction wherever most convenient, but best at our branches in the different cities of the Union, preparatory to applying here for vitapathy and its higher graduation, with the grand diploma of the American Health Col- lege, the highest institution in the world. "College open for instruction and graduation at all times. Terms cash. No diploma, or books, or lessons, or rights, sold separate. All must go together to complete the sys- tem to fully paid-up students." The possessor of one of these diplomas was recently arrested in Illinois for practicing without the certificate prescribed by law-the State Board of Health having refused to issue such certificate on the diploma. On trial the man was found guilty and left the State. The following is taken from the Chicago Tribune of July 22, 1886: "Troy, N. Y., July 21.-Mrs. Hovt some time ago obtained a diploma from the Ameri- can Health College of Cincinnati, claiming to be incorporated under the laws of Ohio, authorizing her to practice the vitapathic system of medicine, and conferring power to solemnize marriages, preach the gospel, and perform all other duties as a minister. She has married two couples, i a one case the parties being a Boston spiritualist, a medium named Donnelly, and a seventeen-year-ohl girl. Mrs. Hoyt's cousin, who was divorced from her first husband, was the principal in the other marriage, and Mrs. Hoyt says she was graduated from the college alter attending it eight weeks and has a certificate from the institution proclaiming that she has been ordained a minister of the gospel for life." COLUMBUS MEDICAL COLLEGE. Columbus, C. J. M. Dunham, A. M., M. D., Secretary, 198 East Town street. Organized in 1875. The first class was graduated in 1876. Classes have been grad- uated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces eleven professors, four lecturers, one demonstrator of anatomy and one demonstrator of chemistry. Course of Instruction: The session of 1886-87 began September 15,1886. and closes March 15, 1887. Instruction consists of didactic and clinical lectures, with daily quizzes. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, ophthalmology, otology, histology and diseases of children and toxicology. Requirements: For admission-"Holders of degrees in the arts and science, those who have successfully made the entrance examination to any college, graduates of high schools and normal schools, and those who hold certificates for one year to teach in the public schools of Ohio, or their equivalent, will be admitted on these testimonials. All others must exhibit evidences of the possession of a good English education." 136 For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character: 3) two courses of lectures; 4) three years'study; 5) complete dissection of the human body; 6) thesis; 7) satisfactory examination. Fees; Matriculation (each term), $5; lectures, first course, $40; second course, $40; third course, $20; demonstrator, $5; demonstrator of chemistry, $5; graduation, $25, Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates, Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 118 51 42+ 1878-79 144 50 34.7 1879-80 126 41 32.5 1880-81 142 61 42+ 1881-82 131 59 45+ 1882-83 123 46 37+ 1883-84 77 30 38.9 1884-85 51 18 35.2 1885-86 51 19 37.2 Percentage of graduates to matriculates the past nine years, thirty-nine. The faculty announce the completion of the "Hawkes Hospital," the gift to the College from Dr. W. B. Hawkes, one of its trustees. The faculty of the college constitute the medical and surgical staff. It is expected to be open for clinical instruction at the be- ginning of the fall term. PHYSIO-ECLECTIC MEDICAL COLLEGE. Cincinnati, O, Organized in 1876.-Extinct. A fraudulent institution, engaged in the sale of diplomas. In 1879 the name was changed to the American Eclectic Medical College, and a new char- ter was obtained, but the same practices were continued under the new title. ZANESVILLE ACADEMY OF MEDICINE. Zanesville, 0. Organized in 1877. Under the laws of Ohio the Academy had authority to examine candidates who wished to practice medicine, and if found qualified issue certificates to that effect. This right was exercised in six or seven instances after a written and oral examination. Owing to internal dissentions the Academy was closed by order of Court in 1881. TOLEDO SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. Toledo, O. Organized in 1878, as a school of instruction only, and did not confer degrees. It held three sessions and was then suspended. See Northwestern Ohio Medical College. AMERICAN ECLECTIC MEDICAL COLLEGE. Cincinnati, O. B. K. Maltby, M.' D., Dean, 192-194 W. Fifth street. Organized in 1883. The faculty embraces eleven professors. Course of Instruction: A preliminary session of four weeks, which may be attended free of cost, in acquiring or reviewing branches that are to come into the preliminary examination, I. e., the usual English branches with critical exercises in syntax, English composition, etc., and technical terms in Latin and Greek, with style and language of prescriptions. One annual graduating session; that for 1886-87 opened October 6,1886, and will close February 23.1887. There is a post-graduate session occupying eight weeks. February 24 to April 21, 1887. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, pathology, histology and microscopy, materia medica, principles and practice of medicine, surgery, obstetrics, gynecology, chemistry, toxicology, therapeutics, clinical medicine, electro-therapeutics, dermatology, sanitary science and medical jurisprudence. 137 Requirements: For admission-In the absence of collegiate or high school gradua- tion certificates, applicants will be required to pass an examination on the usual branches of an English education, including elementary mathematics, natural science, English composition and so much of Latin and Greek as will be required to understand medical terms and the writing of prescriptions. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) three years of previous medical study; 4) two full courses of medical lectures in separate years, the last to have been in this college; 5) two dissecting courses under a demonstrator, and a final examination covering the whole course of studies in this college. Fees: Matriculation; $5; lectures, each session, $60; Cincinnati Hospital fee, $5; demon- strator, each session, $5; dissecting material, each session, $5; graduation, $25. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1883-84 13 6 46+ 1884-85 24 9 37 5 1885-86 *28 11 39.2 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past three years, forty. *Not including two graduates who matriculated and upon whom the ad eundem degree was conferred. TOLEDO MEDICAL COLLEGE. Toledo, O. Jonathan Priest, M. D., Secretary, 168 Adams street Organized in 1883. The first class was graduated in 1883. The faculty embraces ten professors, three lecturers and one demonstrator. Course of Instruction: The regular session of 1886-87 began September22,1886, and closes March 9, 1887. A three-years' graded course is recommended, but not required. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, ophthalmology and otology, toxicology, diseases of children, histology and pathology, and pharmacy. Requirements: For admission-"Students before being admitted to the class, must present a diploma from some literary and scientific college, or high school, or a first grade teacher's certificate, or in lieu thereof pass an examination before the executive committee of the faculty, on the branches of a good English education, including mathe- matics, English composition and natural philosophy." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age: 2) good moral character: 3) three years study; 4) two full courses of lectures: 5) a complete dissection of the body; 6) thesis; 7) satisfactory examination on all branches taught. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $40; demonstrator, $10; practical chemistry, $5; gradu- ation, $25. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1883 19 7 36.8 1883-84 33 14 42.4 1884-85 38 13 34.2 1885-86 *33 10 30.3 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past four years, thirty-five. *Not including one graduate who matriculated. NORTHWESTERN OHIO MEDICAL COLLEGE. Toledo, Ohio. C. A. Kirkley, M. D., Secretary, Jefferson and Eleventh streets. Organized in 1883. This college is an outgrowth of the Toledo School of Medicine, which see ante. The faculty embraces fourteen professors, one lecturer and one demonstrator. 138 Course of Instruction: The session of 1886-87 began September 15, 1886, and will continue six months. Didactic lectures, clinical instruction in hospital and dispensary. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, principles and practice of medicine,pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hy- giene and state medicine, medical jurisprudence, ophthalmology and otology, diseases of children, diseases of the mind and nervous system, laryngology, and Orthopedic sur- gery. Requirements: For admission-"Students desiring to attend the lectures of this col- lege must furnish: 1) satisfactory certificates of good moral character; 2) diploma of graduation from a literary and scientific college or high school, or. in absence of this, 3) must pass a satisfactory examination in the branches necessary to a ^ood English educa- tion, including mathematics, English composition and elementary physics or natural philosophy." For graduation: 1) good moral character: 2) three years' study; 3) twenty-one years of age; 4) two full courses of dissection; 5) two full courses of lectures; 6) attendance during at least two terms of clinical and hospital instruction; 7) mu-t pa=s a satisfactory exami- nation on all branches, to te conducted, when practicable, by other competent examin- ers than the professors in each branch: 8) regular attendance during the entire lecture courses, allowance being made only f r absence occasioned by the student's sickness, such absences not to exceed twenty per cent, ot the course; 9) attendance upon regular examination, or quizzes made by each professor, daily or at least twice each week; 10) thesis. Fees: Matriculation, $5; demonstrator, $5; lectures, $40; graduation, $25. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1883-84 11 1 9 + 1884-85 14 4 28.5 1885-86 23 2 8.7 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past three years, fourteen. OREGON. MEDICAL DEPARTMENT, WILLAMETTE UNIVERSITY. Portland, Or. E. P. Fraser, M. D., Dean of the Faculty. Organized in 1864, and located at Salem. It was removed to Portland in 1878. The first class was graduated in 1867. Classes have been graduated in each subsequent year. The faculty embraces sixteen professors and one demonstrator. Course of Instruction: The session of 1886-87 began October 12,1886, and will con- tinue six months. A three-years' graded course is advised, but not required. Instruc- tion imparted by didactic and clinical lectures, practical work in dissecting room, chem- ical and physiological laboratories, and by daily quizzes upon the subjects of the pre- ceding lectures. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, principles and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, dis- eases of women and children, medical jurisprudence, diseases of the mind and nervous system, hygiene, ophthalmology and otology, microscopy and psychological medicine. Requirements: For admission-1) credible certificate of good moral character: 2) di- ploma of graduation from a good literary and scientific college or high school, or a first- grade teacher's certificate: or, lacking this, a thorough examination in the branches of a good English education, including mathematics, English composition, and elementary physics or natural philosophy. Women admitted on the same terms, with the same ad- vantages as men. Forgradu tion: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) must have been eng ige 1 in the study of medicine at least three years, and attended two full courses of lectures; 4> must have attended hospital clinics and dissections as long as he was a student thereof; 5) thesis; 6) successful examination as to professional attainments. Fees: Matriculation, $5; demonstrator, $10; lectures, $120; graduation, $30. 139 Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent, 1877-78 25 7 28 1878-79 32 8 25 1879-80 27 6 22+ 1*89-81 31 13 42- 188'-82 29 9 . 33 3 1882-83 28 10 36- 1883-84 24 10 41.6 1884-85 23 8 34.8 1885-86 2o / 35 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past nine years, thirty-two. Remarks: The faculty announce that through the generosity of the citizens of Port- land anil vicinity, they have been enabled to erect a mw college building, which will be ready for occupancy soon after the opening of the regular session. It will be provided with an amphitheater capable of seating 200 students, clinical lecture room, chemical laboratory and dissecting room, college museum, etc., and supplied with every modern convenience completely adapted to medical teaching. PENNSYLVANIA. UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA, DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE. Philadelphia, Pa. James Tyson, M. D., Secretary, Thirty-sixth street and Woodland avenue. Organized in 1765 as the Department of Medicine of the College of Philadelphia, the sixth in the order of succession of American colleges, being chartered chleflv through the influence of Dr. Benjamin Franklin and Dr. William Smith. The first medical diploma issued in America was granted to Dr. John Aicher, in 1768, by this department, then known as the College of Medicine in Philadelphia. On the organization of the University of Pennsylvania, in 1782, the college assumed its present title and relations, the successor of the College of Philadelphia. Classes have been graduated each year since 1768, except in 1772 to 1779, inclusive, during the War of Independence. The faculty embraces eighteen professors, one assistant professor, two auxiliary pro- fessors, twenty-one demonstrators, five lecturers, thirteen instructors and a prosector of anatomy. Course of Instruction: Sessions of 1886-87-The spring session began May 10, and ended about the middle of June, 1886; the preliminary session began September 15, 1886, and ended September 30, and the winter session began October 1, 1886, and ends May 3, 1887. Attendance upon three winter sessions is obligatory. The course is graded and extends over three years. A four-years' graded course is recommended, but not re- quired. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology and morbid anatomy, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hy giene, medical jurisprudence, ophthalmology and otology. This enumer- ation is to be understood as including the collateral studies and special branches of the general subjects. Requirements: For admission-A collegiate degree, or a certificate of having passed the matriculation examination of a recognized college; ora certificate, covering the re- quired subjects, from a recognized normal or high school, or from a duly organized county medical society that has instituted a preliminary examination; or a preliminary examination embracing first, a brief essay, not exceeding a page of foolscap, which will serve as atest of qualifications in < rthography and grammar; second, an examination in the elementary principles of physics, on the subjects considered, in Patt I of Townes' Chemistry. For graduation; 1) twentv-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) three years' study; 4) three full courses of lectures: 5) satisfactory examinations. Students who have attended one course in a regular medical school are admitted as students of the second course in the University of Pennsylvania, after having passed a satisfactory examination in general chemistry and materia medica and pharmacy, and the elements of general pathology. Students who have attended two courses in aregular medical school will be admitted as students of the third course in this institution, after having satisfactorily passed an examination in general and medical chemistry, materia medica and pharmacy, anatomv and physiology, and the elements of general pathology. Graduates of other regular medical schools in good standing will be admitted as students of the third class without examination. Graduates of colleges of pharmacy and dental colleges in good standing are admitted to the second course on passing the admission examination only. 140 Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, including laboratory and dissection, for each year. $150. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 375 127 33.8 1878-79 343 91 26.5 1879-80 377 116 30.7 1880-81 374 115 30.7 1881-82 363 122 33.6 1882-83 . 367 104 28 3 1883-84 367 103 28+ 1884-85 370 108 29.1 1885-86 *381 118 30.9 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past nine years, thirty. ♦Not including five graduates who matriculated. Remarks: During the first and second years, much of the student's time is occupied with practical wort in the various laboratories of chemistry, pharmacy, osteology, his- tology and pathological histology, and in dissection; but throughout the second and third sessions he is required to attend the general medical and surgical clinics of the University and Philadelphia hospitals, while special clinical facilities are provided for the third year. In this year each student receives bedside instruction in clinical medicine and surgery, in physical diagnosis, and in gynecology. Opportunities are afforded for the practical study of diseases of the eye, ear. throat and skin, and for acquiring proficiency in the use of the various instruments employed in their treatment. For this purpose the third year class is divided into sections of convenient size, each of which receives direct personal instruction in the various practical subjects above mentioned. Advanced students may make original researches in the laboratories of pharmacy, chemistry, physiology, path- •ology, and experimental therapeutics. JEFFERSON MEDICAL COLLEGE. ■Philadelphia, Pa. Roberts Bartholow.-M. D., LL. D., Dean, 1527 Locust street. Chartered in 1826 as the Medical Department of the Jefferson College at Cannonsburg, Pa. The first class was graduated in 1826. Classes have been graduated in each subse- quent year. The faculty embraces eight professors, one honorary professor, one lecturer, eleven demonstrators and eleven assistant demonstrators. Course of Instruction: Session 1886-87-A preliminary fall session be^an Septem- ber 20, and continued until the opening of the winter session; the regular winter session commenced October 1,1886, and ends the last of March, 1X87; the spring session begins early in April and ends the last day of May, 1887. Daily clinics at hospital and dispen- saries. A three-years' graded course, for which provision is made, is recommended, but not required. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence ophthalmology, otology, diseases of children, dermatology, toxi- cology, histology, genito-urinary disease?, pharmacy. Requirements: For admission-"Some of the States have recently enacted laws, by the requirements of which students not provided with literary degrees, or other certifi- cates of scholarship necessary to the study of medicine, must undergo an examination before a State board in the subjects of such preliminary study, as a prerequisite for a license to practice medicine within their borders. That the graduates of this college may be spared the trouble incident to compliance with these regulations, all students intending to engage in practice in those States will have the opportunity of undergoing such an examination before a committee of the faculty, and will receive a certificate therefor. The examination will include all branches requisite to a good English educa- tion, comprising mathematics, composition and elementary physics." For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) two full courses of lectures; 4) three years' study. Students of dental colleges where a five months' winter session is held, and where full courses are given on anatomy, materia medica, physiology ana chemistry, may become candidates, after attendance on two courses at such colleges, and one full course at the Jefferson Medical College, with another on sur- gery, practice of medicine and obstetrics. Students of colleges of pharmacy where full courses are given on materia medica and chemistry, may become candidates, after at- tendance on two courses at such colleges, and one lull course at the Jefferson Medical College, with another on anatomy, surgery, practice of medicine, physiology and ob- stetrics. Fees: Matriculation (paid but once)t $5; lectures, $140; demonstrator (of anatomy), $10; all other practical courses free; graduation, $30. 141 Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 598 203 33.9 1878-79 572 196 34.2 1879-80 572 196 34 2 1880-81 609 205 33.6 1881-82 630 247 39.2 1882-83 569 227 39.8 1883-84 645 215 33.3 1884-85 493 176 35.7 1885-86 531 223 42 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past nine years, thirty-six. Names of matriculates not given in announcement. PENNSYLVANIA MEDICAL COLLEGE. Philadelphia, Pa. Organized in 1839 as the Medical Department of the Pennsylvania College, at Gettys- burg, by Dr. George McClellan. In 1859 it merged with the Philadelphia College of Medi- cine and Surgery, the faculty of the latter becoming the faculty of the former under the name of the former. It closed in 1861 on a mount of the confused state of the country, and the desire of many of the professors to enter the medical staff of the army. PHILADELPHIA COLLEGE OF MEDICINE AND SURGERY. Philadelphia, Pa. Organized in 1846, by Dr. James R. McClintock, and in 1859 it was merged into the Pennsylvania Medical College. FRANKLIN MEDICAL COLLEGE. Philadelphia, Pa. Organized in 1847.-Extinct in 1852. HOMEOPATHIC MEDICAL COLLEGE. Philadelphia, Pa. Organized in 1848. On April 2, 1869, the faculty of this institution united with the fac- ulty of the Hahnemann Medical College of Philadelphia, under the latter title. HAHNEMANN MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL- (Homeopathic.) Philadelphia, Pa. A. R. Thomas, M. D., Dean, 1733 Chestnut street. Organized in 1848. The first class was graduated in 1819. Classes have been gradu- ated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces nine'professors, six lecturers and seven demonstrators. Course of Instruction: The session of 1886-87 embraces a preliminary course of one week's duration, which precedes the regular winter course. The latter began the last Monday in September, 1886, and continues until the last of March, 1887. A spring course begins on the Monday following commencement and continues until the end of May. A three-years'graded course obligatory. Clinics at hospital and dispensary. "Quizzes, dem msrrations, experiments and other practical exercises will be called into requisition as aids in the work of imparting instruction." Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, institutes of homeopathy, microscopy and histologj, botany and pharmacy, ophthalmology and otology, diseases of children, history of medicine and insanity. 142 Requirements: For admission-"Each student will be required to present a pre- ceptor's certificate that he possesses a good moral character, and that he is otherwise qualified for the study of medicine. He must give evidence of a good education, and pass a satisfactory examination in elementary mathematics, composition and elementary physics or natural philosophy. Candidates exhibiting the diploma of a literary or scien- tific college or high school, or a county or State teacher's certificate, or the certificate of an examining board of any accredited medical society, will be admitted without exami- nation. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) three years' study; 4) three full courses of lectures; 5) at least one course of practical anatomy and sur- gery. A student who has attended one or more courses in a medical college in which omeopathy is not taught, must attend one full session of instruction in this institution, and in addition to the general average required for admission, he must obtain a two- thirds average in the following departmen's: Homeopathic institutes and materia medica, practice of medicine and clinical medicine. Fees: Matriculation, $:>; lectures, $100 per year; practical courses free; graduation, $3u. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- . Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 161 52 32.1 1878-79 162 61 37.6 1879-80 192 75 39 1880-81 2<t8 83 39 9 1881-82 148 57 38.5 1*82-83 147 52 35 4 1883-84 138 41 29.7 1884-85 144 48 33.3 1885-86 *148 58 39.1 Percentage of graduates to matriculates, for past nine years, thirty-six. 'Not including thirteen graduates who matriculated. WOMAN'S MEDICAL COLLEGE OF PENNSYLVANIA. Philadelphia, PaJ Rachel L. Bodley, M. D., Dean, North College avenue and Twenty- first street. Organized in 1850. The first class was graduated in 1851. Classes have been gradu- ated in each subsequent year. The faculty embraces ten professors, seven lecturers, three instructors and five dem- onstrators, one assistant demonstrator, a curator of museum and prosector. Course of Instruction: The regular winter term of the session of 1886-87 began October 7, 1886, and closes March 17, 1887. The spring term will begin March 21, 1887, and close May 27. A three-years'graded course is required for graduation, and a four years' course is earnestly recommended. Weekly examinations on each subject, as presented in the lectures, rhe spring term is devoted mainly to laboratory work, to demonstrative and clinical teaching. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry and toxicology, materia medica and therapeutics, principles and practice of medicine, pathology, principles and practice of surgery, obstetrics, gynecology and diseases of women and children, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, histology and microscopy, laryngoscopy and rhinoscopy, dermatology, otology and ophthalmology. Requirements: For admission, none. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) three years' study; 3) three winter courses, including, at the least, two full courses of lectures on each of the following sub- jects-chemistry and toxicology, anatomy, physiology and hygiene, materia medica and general therapeutics, principles and practice of medicine, principles and practice of sur- gery, oostetries and gynecology and diseases of children, and one course of lectures on histmogy ami pathology, two courses in practical anatomy, having made creditable dis- section of each part of the cadaver: one course in the chemical, the physiological, 'he histological, the pharmaceutical, and the pathological laboratories; one course in opera- tive and minor surgery, including bandaging and fracture dressings, and in microscopy: and satisfactory evidence of having attended twocouisesof clinical instruction each, in medicine, surgery, ob-tecrics and gynecology; 4) good moral character and mental fitness for the profession; 5) thesis; 6) satisfactory examinations. Fees: Matriculation (paid only once), $5; lectures, 1105; demonstrator, $10; gradua- tion, $30. 143 Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 130 17 13+ 1878-79 144 2o 13.8 1879-80 116 13 8.9 1880-81 170 20 11.7 1''81-82 111 19 17 + 1882-83 125 35 28 1883-81 133 26 19 5 1881-85 126 23 18 2 1885-86 142 33 23.2 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past nine years, sixteen. ECLECTIC MEDICAL COLLEGE OF PENNSYLVANIA. Philadelphia, Pa. Incorporated in 1856.-Extinct. After being in operation a few ye.rs, this institution passed into the hands of Buchanan and his colleagues, and became fraudulent. The sale of d'plomas was stopped by legal process and the arrest of Buchanan in 1880. I PHILADELPHIA UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE AND SURGERY- (Eclectic.) Philadelphia, Pa. Incorporated in 1859. Fraudulent. The sale of diplomas was stopped by legal pro- cess and the arrest of Miller and others in 1880. AMERICAN UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA-(Eclectic.) Philadelphia, Pa. Incorporated in 1867. Fraudulent -Extinct. The sale of diplomas was stopped by legal process and the arrest of Buchanan in 1880. LINCOLN UNIVERSITY, MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. Oxford, Pa. Organized in 1870.-Extinct, 1872. PENN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY. Philadelphia, Pa. Chartered February 2, 1853. Lectures were delivered until 1867. Reorganized in 1874.-Extinct, 1881. MEDICO-CHIRURGICAL COLLEGE OF PHILADELPHIA. Philadelphia, Pa. Peter D. Keyser, A. M., M. D., Dean, 1630 Arch street. Organized in 1881. The first class was graduated in 1882. The faculty embraces twelve professors, one adjunct professor, and ten instructors, demonstrators and chiefs of clinics. Course of Instruction. The session of 1886-87 began the first Monday in April, with a spring course lasting three months, a preliminary course to the regular winter session of one month, beginning the first Monday in September, and the regular winter session of six mouths, beginning the first Monday in October, 1886. A three-years' graded course is required to complete the curriculum. Daily quizzes by the professors. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics, gynecology, hygiene. 144 medical jurisprudence, ophthalmology and otology, orthopedic surgery, laryngology, nervous diseases, pharmacy, diseases of children, dermatology. Clinics at hospital, and full facilities for laboratory work afforded. Requirements: For admission-"A degree in arts, philosophy or science: or a certifi- cate of examination and graduation from an academy, high or normal school which does not confer degrees; or a certificate of having passed a preliminary examination of a duly organized county medical society, as ordered by the action of the Pennsylvania State Med- ical Society: or, finally, a successful examination before the faculty in orthography.English composition (written as ordered at the time and place of examination), arithmetic, geogra- phy, history, English grammar, elementary physics. Latin grammar and translations. The medical course comprises three years of study, while four is urgently advised to meet the necessary advancement in the science. Students are admitted to the second year's course on furnishing the proper evidence of preliminary qualifications and of one year's study of medicine, and by sustaining satisfactory examinations in the studies of the first year; admission may be gained to the third year's course by furnishing the evidence of prelim- inary qualifications and of two years' study of medicine, one year of which shall have been attendance on one full course of instruction in a recognized regular medical college, and by sustaining satisfactory examinations in the studies of the first and second years." For graduation: 1) "A written and oral examination on all the branches of medical and surgical science; 2) aclinical examination in medicine, surgery and ophthalmology conducted at the bedside, cases being submitted for diagnosis and treatment in the clinic rooms and wards of the hospital; 3) thesis; 4) three full courses of lectures." Fees: Matriculation (paid but once), $5; course ticket for all lectures, yearly, $100; when tickets are paid in full for first and second years the third year is given free; dem- onstrator's licket, $10; graduation fee (including diploma and commencement expenses), $30 Graduates in dentistry and pharmacy, matriculation fee and $60 first year, and $100 second year for all lecture tickets. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1881-1*2 31 3 9.6 1882-RS 27 10 37 1883-84 23 4 17.3 1884-85 33 5 15.1 ' 1885-86 26 5 19.2 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past five years, nineteen. Names of matriculates and graduates not given in announcement. Remarks: The trustees and faculty announce that they will shortly be enabled to offer greatly increased facilities and improved accommodations to students in the pur- chase of a new college property which will be occupied by the college and hospital. The arrangements will be of modern and superior kind, and all departments will be furnished with every needed appliance. WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA MEDICAL COLLEGE. Pittsburg, Pa. W. J. Asdale, M. D., Secretary, 2107 Penn avenue. Organized in 1886. The faculty embraces eleven professors, nine clinical professors, three demonstrators, one assistant demonstrator, eleven assistants to cCairs, and one ptosector to chair of anatomy, Course oe Instruction: The session of 1886-87 began on the first Tuesday in October and will end on the last Thursday in March. Instruction imparted by didactic and clinical lectures, recitations, demonstrations, laboratory work and practice in diagnosis. Lectures to be illustrated by clinical cases, charts, manikins, models, prepared specimens, dissec- tions, experiments, microscopic and practical demonstrations. A three-years'graded course is i ecommended, but not required, Lectures embrace materia medica and therapeutics, chemistry, histology, anatomy, physiology, hygiene, principles and practice of medicine, principles and practice of sur- gery, obstetrics, clinical medicine and fsurgery, orthopedic surgery, surgery of genito- urinary organs, ophthalmology, otology, laryngology, dermatology, diseases of women and children, mental and nervous diseases, medical jurisprudence and microscopy. Requirements: For admission-"Students will be required to show the possession of an education, sufficiently comprehensive to enable them to pursue the study of medi- cine with advantage. A preliminary examination will not be req aired of those holding degrees from recognized colleges, nor diplomas from normal or high schools in good standing, or certificates from examiners of any county medical society conforming to the requirements of the Pennsylvania State Medical Society, or having passed the matricu- lation examination of any other regular medical college in good standing." For graduation: 1; twenty-one years of age and of good moral character: 2) must have studied medicine three years and have taken at least two full courses of lectures; 3) satis- factory examination in all branches taught in the college. Fees: Matriculation, annually, $5; lectures and clinics, $100; demonstrator, $10; gradu- ation, $25. 145 RHODE ISLAND. MEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF BROWN UNIVERSITY. Providence, R I. Organized in 1811. "Lectures were delivered and classes graduated annually from 1814 to 1827, inclusive, except,the years 1820-21, when it is believed that no classes were graduated. The department fell under President Wayland's strict rules of discipline, enforced on the medical professors." (G. W. Parsons; M. D., Providence.) According to another correspondent, "Dr. Wayland's new rules threw the medical school overboard in 1827."-[Geo. W. Hersey, M. D., Secretary, Rhode Island Medical Society.) SOUTH CAROLINA. MEDICAL COLLEGE OF SOUTH CAROLINA. Charleston,S.C. Organized in 1824; charter obtained in 1823. Permanently closed in 1839. During its existence its graduates amounted to 313. Dr. J. Ford Prioleau, dean of the Medical College of the State of South Carolina, writes: The Medical College of South College was organized under the auspices and control of the Medical Society of South Carolina, which elected the 'professors and exam- ined the candidates for graduation of the college. In filling two vacancies the society gave offense to the members of the faculty, which was increased by a difference of opinion relative to the status of some of the applicants for graduation; and in 1833 the faculty resigned in a body, and established another school under the title of the Medical College of the State of South Carolina-having obtained a charter in 1832, and giving its first course in H834. The Medical Society elected the members of the faculty of the college, which continued in activity in the city of Charleston until 1839, when, having gradually declined in number of students, the Medical College of South Carolina com- promised with the Medical College of the State of South Carolina and permanently closed its doors. MEDICAL COLLEGE OF THE STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA. Charleston, S. C. J. Ford Prioleau, M. D., Dean, 89 Wentworth street. Organized in[1833. In 1839 the Medical College of South Carolina was merged into it. the Medical College of the State of South Carolina receiving all the apparatus, buildings and other property of the former. [Prioleau-see Medical College of South Carolina.1 Classes were graduated annually until 1863. when operations were suspended during the war, and until 1865, when they were resumed. Classes have been graduated annually since 1865. The faculty embraces seven professors, two assistants, two instructors and two demonstrators. Course of Instruction: The session of 1886-87 began October 15, 1886, and will close early in March, 1887, embracing a period of twenty weeks. Clinics at hospital. Graded course recommended, but not required. Lectures embrace principles and practice of surgery, medical jurisprudence, clinical surgery, pathology, practice of medicine, clinical medicine, physiology, chemistry, hy- giene, anatomy, ophthalmology, otology, obstetrics, gynecology, materia medica thera- peutics, microscopy, pathology, laboratory instruction (compulsory on flrst-courso students.) Requirements: For admission, none. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age: 2) preliminary education satisfactory to the faculty; 3) three years' study; 4)two full courses of lectures; 5) examination in all the branches. Attendance upon lectures, habits and general character must be satisfac- tory to the faculty. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, including demonstrator's and one hospital ticket. $100; graduation, $30. 146 Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates, Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 60 17 28.3 1878-79 71 20 28 1879-80 74 23 29.7 1880-81 77 21 27 1881-82 56 19 33.9 1882-83 61 18 29.5 18»3-84 80 20 25 1884-85 59 17 28.8 1885-86 18 29+ Percentage of graduates to matricu'ates for the past nine years, twenty-eight. *Not including five graduates who matriculated. Remarks: Pharmacy students are included in the number of matriculates here given prior to the session of 1885-86, thus affecting the proportion of graduates to matriculates. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA, MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. Columbia, 8. C. , Organized in 1866.-Extinct in 1876. TENNESSEE. MEDICAL DEPARTMENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF NASH- VILLE AND VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY. Nashville, Tenn. W. L. Nichol, M. D., Registrar, Cor. Cedar and High streets. Organized in 1850, as the Meaical Department of the University of Nashville, and assumed its present relation in 1874. The first class was graduated by the University of Nashville in 1852; and the first diploma was issued by the Vanderbilt University in 1875. Classes have been graduated annualljr by the respective universities since these dates. The faculty embraces ten professors, six lecturers and two demonstrators. Course of Instruction: The course of 1886-87 opened with a preliminary session commencing September 6, 1886, and continued until the opening of the winter session October 4, which ends on the last Thursday of February, 1887. A three-years' graded course is recommended, but not required. Daily examinations held by professors. Clinics at hospital. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, ophthalmology and otology, psychology, histology, pharmacy, and toxicology. Requirements: For admission, none. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years ot age; 2) good moral character; 3) three years' . study; 4) two full courses of lectures; 5) dissection during one session. Fees: Matriculation, $5; demonstrator, $10; lectures, $75; graduation, $25. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1879-80 311 141 45.3 1881-82 327 191 58 1882-83 240 no 47+ 1883-84 180 93 51.7 1881-85 181 73 40.3 1885-80 *231 105 45.4 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past six years, forty-eight. *Not including seven graduates who matriculated. 147 JEFFERSON MEDICAL ASSOCIATION. Dandridge, Tenn. In 1854, this association obtained a charter from the Legislature of Tennessee giving it power to confer the degree of M. 1). upon applicants who would present themselves before the members of said association for thorough examination, and if the examina- tion was satisfactory to these gentlemen they could grant them a dinloma. The degree of M. D. was conferred upon five persons a number of years ago. No degree Lhas been conferred of late years, the association simply exercising the functions of a Medical Society. A diploma granted by this association in 1869 was recently filed for record in Indiana. MEMPHIS MEDICAL COLLEGE. Medical Department, Cumberland University. Memphis, Tenn. Organized in 1854. Lectures were suspended from 1861 to 1868. A reorganization was effected in June, 1868. and a session was held every winter until the close of the session of 1872-3, when it became extinct. BOTANIC MEDICAL COLLEGE. Memphis, Tenn. Organized in 1857, and became extinct in 1861. SHELBY MEDICAL COLLEGE. Nashville, Tenn. Organized in 1858.-Extinct 1862. MEDICAL DEPARTMENT, UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE. Nashville Medical College. Nashville, Tenn. Duncan Eve, M. D., Dean of the Faculty. 301 Church street. Organized in 1876. Became connected with the University of Tennessee in 1880. The first, class was graduated in 1878. Classes have been graduated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces twelve professors and two demonstrators. Course of Instruction: Tne session of 1886-87 began September 6,1886, with a pre- liminary course, which continued until the beginning of the regular winter course, Octo- ber 4, 1886, the latter continuing five months. Provision is made for a three-years' graded course, which, however, is not obligatory. "The instruction at this college consists of didactic lectures with demonstrations, clinical teaching, examinations or quizzes, and practical teaching in subjects involving manipulation, by the regular faculty," Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, medical jurisprudence, genito-urinary and venereal diseases, toxicology, diseases of children, oral surgery, ophthalmology and otology, pathology and laryngology. Requirements: For admission, none. For graduation: I' twenty-one years of age; 2) good moral character; 3) two full courses of lectures: 4) dissections during attendance in this school; 5) satisfactory exam- ination by the faculty. Fees: Matriculation (paid but once). $5; demonstrator, $10; lectures, $75; graduation, $25. 148 Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates ateadh session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877 78 125 1878-79 132 ■ 1879-80 167 52 31 + 1880-81 134 55 41 + 1881-82 144 69 48- 1X82-88 133 58 43.6 1883-84 167 62 31 7 1884-85 171 57 33 3 1885-86 *174 56 32 1 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past seven years, thirty-seven. *Not including seven graduates who matriculated. MEHARRY MEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF CENTRAL TENNES- SEE COLLEGE. Nashville, Tenn. G. W. Hubbard, M. D., Dean of the Faculty. Organized in 1876. The first class was graduated in 1877. Devoted to the education of colored students, male and female. The faculty embraces seven professors, one assistant professor and one demonstrator* Course of Instruction: The session of 1886-87 began October 4,1886, and ends Febru- ary 24, 1887. A three-years' graded course is required. Recitations in anatomy, chemistry and physiology with laboratory work duting first year's attendance. Lectures embrace anatomy physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, medical jurispru- dence, histology, botany, pharmacy, ophthalmology, otology, toxicology, dermatology, electro-therapeutics and hygiene. Requirements: For admission-"Applicants must be at least eighteen years of age. of good moral character, and pass examinations in arithmetic, geography, grammar, read- ing, writing and spelling, and elementary physics. Graduates of other recognized col- leges and normal schools will, on presenting their diplomas, be admitted without exami- nation. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) three years' study; 3) two full courses of lectures; 4) must pass a satisfactory written examination in all the branches laid down in this course, "including the outlines of Bible history andidoctrine;" 5) present an accept- able original thesis on some medical subject. Fees: Tuition, $30; graduation, $10; materials for practical anatomy and chemistry at cost. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 18 3 16.6 1878-79 22 8 36.3 1879-80 22 8 36.3 1880-81 35 3 8 5 1881-82 29 8 27.6 1882-83 30 5 16 6 1883-84 31 8 25.8 1884-85 38 8 21 1885-86 49 10 20.4 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for the past nine years, twenty-two. MEMPHIS HOSPITAL MEDICAL COLLEGE. Medical Department Southwestern Baptist University. Memphis, Tenn. W. B. Rogers, M.D., Dean, 69 Madison street, Organized in 1880. The first class was graduated in 1881. The faculty embraces ten professors and one demonstrator. Course of Instruction: The annual session of 1886-87 began the first Monday in October. 1886, and closes March 1, 1887. Daily quizzes by the professors. Clinical lectures at hospital and college. 149 Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistryJmateria medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gvnecology, hygiene, ophthalmology, otology and laryngology, toxicology, diseases of the nervous system, diseases of women and children, and pharmacy. Requirements: For admission, none. For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age: 2) good moral character: 3) two full courses of lectures; 4) dissection during one session; 5) thesis; 6) satisfactory examination in all branches taught. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures, $50; demonstrator, $10; graduation, $30. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session since the or- ganization of the college, andlpercentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1880-81 52 18 34.6 1881-82 70 30 42 8 1882-83 73 31 42.4 1883-84 58 22 38 1884-85 71 31 43.6 1885-86 90 37 41.1 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past six years, forty. TEXAS. TEXAS MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL. Galveston, Tex. Organized in 1864.-Reorganized in 1873. Formerly known as the Galveston Medical College. The last course of lectures was delivered in 1880-81. UTAH. MEDICAL INSTITUTION OF MORGAN CITY. Morgan City, U. T. Extinct. VERMONT. VERMONT ACADEMY OF MEDICINE. Castleton, Vt. Organized in 1818. Suspended instruction from 1837 to 1841.-Extinct since 1861. During its existence it graduated 350 students. MEDICAL DEPARTMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT. Burlington, Vt. A. P. Grinnell. M. D., Dean of the Faculty. Organized in 1823. The first cla«s was graduated in 1823. Sessions were held and classes graduated annually, excepting in 1835, until 1837, when the sessions were sus- pended. In 1854 the department was reorganized. A class was graduated in 1854, and in each subsequent year. The faculty embraces nine professors, seven professors of special subjects, and a demonstiator. Course of Instruction: The regular session begins the first Thursday in March and continues twenty weeks. A preliminary course, opening the first Thursday in November, precedes the regular course each year, and continues to the following March. A three- years' graded course is recommended, but not required. Clinics at hospital and dispen- sary. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, medical jurisprudence, diseases of the nervous system, ophthalmology and otology, dermatology, diseases of children, venereal diseases and laryngology. Requirements: For admission, none. 150 For graduation: 1) twenty-one years of age; 2) three years'study; 3) two full courses of lectures, in different years, of twenty weeks each; 4) good moral character; 5) satisfac- tory examination before the faculty and State Medical Board of Examiners. Fees: Matriculation, $5; lectures. $75; final examination, $25. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent 1878 108 33 30+ 1879 140 49 35- 1880 143 53 3 + 1881 171 50 k9+ 1882 190 85 44.7 1883 204 68 33.3 1884 230 100 40 3 1885 19] 78 40.8 1886 163 52 31 9 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past nine years, thirty-six. VERMONT MEDICAL COLLEGE. WOODSTOCK, Vt. Organized in 1827, under the name of the Clinical School of Medicine, by Dr. Joseph A, Gallup, and was under his management until 1845. For several years the degrees were conferred by the Waterville College, Maine. In 1830 an arrangement was made with the Middlebury College, Vermont, and the degrees were conferred by that Institution up to 1836. In 1835 the State Legislature passed an act incorporating the Vermont Medical Col- lege. By this act the Supreme Court was directed to appoint a Board of Examiners. The school was quite prosperous and well patronized; had a strong faculty, and more than one hundred students in 1850-51-52-53. Professor B. R. Palmer, Dean of the Faculty and Professor of Anatomy, removed to Louisville, Ken ucky, in 1854. He was the leading spirit in the institution and in 1856 the school became extinct. VIRGINIA. MEDICAL EXAMINING BOARD OF VIRGINIA. Charlottesville, Va, [Hugh T. Nelson, M. D., Secretary. Organized November 15,1884. The law first became operative January 1,1885. Composition of the Board: The Board consists of three physicians from each Congressional district in the State, and two from the State at large, making thirty-two members, and in addition al-o five homeonathic physicians, members of the Board, except homeopaths are nominated by the State Medical Society and appointed by the Governor. Persons Required to be Examined: Every applicant for the practice of medicine in Virginia,who has not been assessed with a licensed tax as a physician or surgeon in this State at some time prior to January 1, 1885, is required to pass a satisfactory exami- nation bef re he can commence practice. Graduates and non-graduates are subjected to the same examination. Application for Examination: Any person wishing to be examined with the view of practicing medicine in Virginia is required to fill out and file with the Secretary of the Board a form of application stating:' 1) age; 2) residence; 3) college where graduated (if a gradu te), and date of graduation. The application must be accompanied by recom- mendations from two citizens of the county in which applicant resides and a fee of five, dollars. Mode of Conducting Examination: Examinations may be held by the Board in session, which is held regularly twice each year, or during the recess of the Board, by any three individual members thereof whom the applicant may select; when before three individual examiners a separate and distinct examination on all the branches'before each examiner is required. The Plan of Examination is as follows: 1. Examination questions and answers are to be in writing or printing. 2. The applicant is required to answer at least th ee-fourths (75%) of the questions satisfactorily, and show a fair general knowledge of all the branches upon which he is ex- amined. 3. Applicants can neither give nor receive information relating to the subjects under consideration during the examination. 151 4. No examiner is permitted to tell the applicant the result of his examination until after the examinations are all over and have been passed upon by the Board. The examinations are in: 1) chemistry; 2) anatomy; 3) physiology: 4) hygiene; 5) med- ical jurisprudence; 6) materia medica and therapeutics; 7) obstetrics; 8) gynecology: 9) practice of medicine; 10) surgery. The examiners report the result to the President of the Board who issues the license or notifies the candidate of his rejection, as the case may be. The Virginia laws require that no person shall be rejected on accountof his adherence to any particular school of medicine or system of practice. Number of applicants examined since the law went into effect on January 1, 1885, is ninety-four. Of this number twenty were rejected Of the seventy-four who passed sat- isfaetoi y examinations two were non-graduates. Of ihe twenty who were rejected all but two were graduates of colleges in good standing. But two homeopathic physicians have been examined. Both of these were examined by regular physicians and passed satis- factory examinations. UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA, MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. Charlottesville, Albermarle County. Charles S. Venable, LL. D., Chairman of the Faculty. Organized in 1825. The first class graduated in July, 1828. There was no graduating class in 1862. The faculty embraces five professors and a demonstrator of anatomy. Course of Instruction: One annual graduating session of nine months' duration. The session of 1S86-87 began October 1.1886, and will close June 30, 1887. Daily examina- tions on the subjects of preceding lectures. Course is graded, extending over two years. Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica, theory and practice of medicine, obstetrics, medical jurisprudence, surgery and pharmacy. "The arrange- ment of the lectures is such that the student acquires a competentknowledge of anatomy, physiology and chemistry before he enters upon the study of the principles and practice 0 medicine and surgery." Requirements: For admission, none. For graduation: "The degree of Doctor of Medicine is conferred upon such students as approve their flrness for the same by rigid and searching examinations. The daily ex- aminations are taken into account in determining the fitness of a student for graduation." Fees: Matriculation and use of library,$20; tuition, $110; graduation, $15; Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1877-78 • - 17 - 1878-79 - 21 .. 1879-80 - 12 - 1880-81 57 13 22.8 1881-82 34 12 32.3 1882-83 56 16 28.6 1883-84 41 17 41.4 1884-85 42 15 35.7 1885-80 62 17 27.4 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past six years, thirty. MEDICAL SCHOOL OF THE VALLEY OF VIRGINIA. Winchester, Va. Organized in 1826. Lectures were probably delivei ed until the breaking out of the war, 1861, although no information is at hand regarding the date of its extinction. MEDICAL COLLEGE OF VIRGINIA. Richmond, Va. M. L. James, M. D., Dean of the Faculty. Organized in 1'38 as the Medical Department of Hampden Sidney College, under which name it continued until 1851, when a new charter was obtained and the present name a-sumed. The first class was graduated in 1840. Classes have been graduated each subsequent year. The faculty embraces eleven professors, nine adjunct professors, and one demonstrator. 152 Course of Instruction: One annual course of six months' duration. The forty- ninth annual session began October 4, 1886. Daily examinations by each professor or assistant. Clinics at hospital. "The instruction consists of didactic lectures with demon- strations, clinical teaching, recitations, examinations and practical teaching in subjects involving manipulation." Lectures embrace anatomy, physiology, chemistry, materia medica and therapeutics, theory and practice of medicine, pathology, surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, hygiene, diseases of the eye, ear and throat. Requirements: For admission-"No student applying for matriculation will be ad- mitted, if, in the opinion of the faculty, his preliminary education is insufficient to justify his entering on the study of medicine." For graduation: 1) two full courses of lectures; 2) dissected all parts of a subject; 3) satisfactory examination upon all subjects taught in the college; 4) thesis. Fees: Matriculation, $5; ^lectures, $120; demonstrator. $10; examination for degree, $30. Students: Number of matriculates and of graduates at each session reported, and percentages of graduates to matriculates- Session. Matriculates. Graduates. Percent. 1881-82 - 13 - 1882-83 61* 9 14.7 1883-84 91* 33+ 36.2 1884-85 66 19 28.8 1885-86 72 17 23.6 Percentage of graduates to matriculates for past four years, twenty-six. *Includes pharmacy students. 1 Includes one pharmacy graduate. WASHINGTON TERRITORY. UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON TERRITORY, MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. Seattle, W. T. Thomas T. Mines, M. D., President of the Faculty. Organized in 1885. No lectures wei'e given last year. The school is expected to open in 1887. WISCONSIN. MILWAUKEE COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS. Milwaukee, Wis. Incorporated in 1881. Fraudulent. Known also as the "Coney Medical Institute." Exposed by the Illinois State Board of Health in June, 1883. Charter annulled in October, 1883. 153 Auxiliary. Polyclinic and Post-Graduate Institutions and Courses. AUXILIARY DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE, UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA. Philadelphia, Pa. J. T. Rothrock, M. D., B. 8., Dean, Westchester, Pa. Organized In 1865. The faculty consists of five professors. Course of Instruction: Although strictly collateral to medicine, and essential to the thorough education of the physician, the course is largely scientific in its character, and the degree of Bachelor of Science (B. 8.) is conferred upon those graduates in medi- cine of the University, or of other recognized schools, who attend two full courses of lectures in the Auxiliary Department, pass a satisfactory examination before the faculty, and present an original thesis on some one of the subjects taught. Lectures comprise medical jurisprudence and toxicology; mineralogy and geology; (including a practical course on mineralogical and geological chemistry); botany; hygiene, comparative anatomy and zoology. The session begins the first Monday in October and ends in May. The professor of comparative anatomy conducts, during the summer months, at a place on the Atlantic coast, apractical laboratory ior special work in the subjects of his chair. Fees: The lectures are free to students and graduates of the Department ofjMedieine of the University of Pennsylvania; to other matriculates, $15 for each professor's ticket, or $35 for the course; graduation, $10. There were 23 studentsin attendance at last session. NEW YORK POLYCLINIC. New York City. John A. Wyeth, M.D., Secretary, 214 and 216 East Thirty-fourth street. Organized in 1882. The faculty consists of seventeen (professors, twenty-three in- structois and forty assistants. Course of Instruction: The winter session of 1886-87 began September 20, 1886, and will continue into the month of June. 1887. The summer session will open at the expira- tion of .the regular session in June, 1887, and will continue into September. Clinics are held daily throughout the year in diseases of the chest-of children-of general medicine-of the mind and nervous system-of the skin-of women-general and orthopedic surgery, ophthalmology,four each we< k-laryngology and rhinology, two each week; otology, obstetrics, genito-urinary diseases and physiological chemistry will also receive much attention. The chair of pathological hi-tology and state medicine has recently been added, and a new laboratory equipped for the purpose of such instruction. Fees: General ticket for the year. $350; general ticket for six months, $250. Special courses, $15, excepting diseases of the chest and general medicine, $25; general genito- urinary and orthopedic surgery, $35; diseases of women, $35; throat, nose and ear, $20; surgical operations upon the cadaver, $5. Remarks: This is strictly a school of clinical medicine and surgery. There are no didactic lectures, and none but practitioners admitted. A Patbo-Biological Laboratory has been fitted up in which special attention is paid to teaching bacteria culture. During the session of 1885-86 there were210 physicians in attendance. 154 NEW YORK POST-GRADUATE MEDICAL SCHOOL AND HOSPITAL. New York City. F. R. Sturgis, M. D., Secretary, 226 East Twentieth street. Organized in 1882. The faculty consists of twenty-two professors, four associate professors, twenty instructors and thirty-six assistants. Course of Instruction: The regular term began September 15, 1886, and continues until June 15,1887; the summer term begins June 15.1887, and continues until September 15. Lectures are all clinical and include the following courses: Clinical and orthopedic surgery and mechanical therapeutics; operative surgery; diseases of the nervous system and electro-therapeutics; anatomy and physiology of the nervous system, ophthalmology and otology; diseases of the nose and throat: pathology; physical diagnosis and clinical medicine; urinary analysis; histology; pathological histology; diseases of children; ob- stetrics and gynecology; obstetrics; venereal and skin diseases; applied anatomy; prac- tical pharmacy and medical chemistry; military, naval and state hygiene; diseases of women. Fees: Annual ticket, $350; semi-annual ticket, $250; ticket for three months, $150 special courses, of six weeks each, $10 to $35. During the session of 1885-86 there were 160 students in attendance. PHILADELPHIA POLYCLINIC AND COLLEGE FOR GRADU- ATES IN MEDICINE. Philadelphia, Pa. R. F. Baer, M. D., Dean, Broad and Lombard streets. Organized in 1882. The faculty consists of thirteen professors, one adjunct professor, two instructors and twenty-five assistants. Course of Instruction: Clinical and practical instruction in medical and surgical specialties is afforded, to physicians only, during the whole year. In addition to the clinical facilities of the college, the professots utilize, for purposes of instruction, their services in the Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Wills, Howard, Episcopal, Presbyterian, Ger- man, St. Mary's and St. t bristopher's hospitals. Clinical instruction is given in electro- therapeutics, and well-appointed laboratories furnish opportunity for practical work in chemistry, anatomy, pathology, microscopy and surgery. Fees: General ticket for one year, $300; special courses for six weeks' duration, each $15, or any two courses for $20. Remarks: Students, after finishing a complete course, may, by examination, become Fellows of the College. COLLEGE FOR MEDICAL PRACTITIONERS. St, Louis, Mo. Organized in 1882-Extinct, 1884. THE CLEVELAND POLYCLINIC AND POST-GRADUATE MED- ICAL SCHOOL. Cleveland, O Organized in 1884-Extinct, 1885. BALTIMORE POLYCLINIC AND POST-GRADUATE MEDICAL SCHOOL. Baltimore, Md. Organized in 1884-Extinct. 155 DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PENN- SYLVANIA. Philadelphia, Pa. Horace Jayne, M. D., Secretary. Organized in 1885. The faculty consists of five professors and two instructors. Course of Instruction: Extends through two years of two terms each, and con- sists of practical laboratory exercises accompanied by explanatory lectures. No degrees are conferred. Studies embrace: First year-General biology, mammalian anatomy and botany. Second year-Botany, zoology, animal histology, embryology and physiology. Fees: For full course, $150; for partial courses, $25 to $90. CHICAGO POLYCLINIC. Chicago, Ill. William T. Belfield, M. D., Secretary, 612 Opera House Block. Organized in 1886. The faculty consists of fifty-six professors and assistants. Course of Instruction: Systematic courses of daily clinical instruction, embrac- ing all departments of practical medicine and surgery at the hospital and dispensary of the Polyclinic. These courses will be of about six weeks'duration and will be continued throughout the year. The teaching will be entirely clinical,didactic and formal lectures on practical branches being strictly excluded. Tickets may be taken out at any time, each; good for one continuous course of six weeks from date of issu ■. Fees: Matriculation, (paid but once) $5. Special courses of six weeks duration, $10 to $30. A reduction of ten per ent. is made on three courses taken by one person, and of twenty per cent, when five or more courses are taken. General ticket, good for six weeks, $100; for three months, $150; for six months, $250; for one year, $300. ST. LOUIS POST-GRADUATE SCHOOL OF MEDICINE. St. Louis, Mo. A. J. Steele, M. D., Secretary, 2825 Washington avenue. Organized in 1886. The faculty consists of ten professors and seventeen clinical as- sistants. Course of Instruction: The first course of instruction began on March 1, and con- tinued until April 12. From this'date the instruction in -ix-weeks courses continued until July 3. The regular winter course commenced October 25. Lectures embrace practical medicine and principles of diagnosis, surgery and genito- urinary diseases, diseases of the skin, diseases of the chest and throat, ophthalmology and otology, orthopedic surgery and joint disea-es, diseases of women, nervous diseases and diseases of children. Fees: One course of six weeks. $100; 12 weeks, $150: 18 weeks, $200; whole year, $225. Single department, six weeks, $25; two departments, $45; three departments, $60; each, additional department, six weeks, $10. Special classes on operative surgery-limited to four members, term of six weeks. $100. POST-GRADUATE MEDICAL SCHOOL OF CHICAGO. Chicago, Ill. W. J. Maynard, M. D., Secretary, 592 W. Van Buren street. Organized in 1886. The faculty consists of eighteen professors, and twenty-four instructors, lecturers and assistants. Course of Instruction: The course of instruction covers a period of twelve weeks divided into two equal terms. The first term for 1886 began June 15; the second July 27. Lectures embrace surgery, medicine, obstetrics, diseases of children, gynecology, diseases of the throat and chest, diseases of the nervous system, diseases of the eye and ear, skin and venereal diseases, dental and oral surgery, diseases of the rectum, chemistry of the urine, pathology and pathological anatomy. Fees: Matriculation, eaeh year, $5. General ticket, each year, $30, admitting to all public clinic< given in Rush Medical College and Cook County Hospita', to daily clinics in Central Di-pensary and to all didactic lectures, but not, to special courses. Any practitioner taking three special courses, fee for general ticke will be $15; four special courses, fee wi 1 be $10. Fees for special courses. $10 to $15. To any practitioner desiring to take all the special courses, the fee covering all expenses except matriculation will be $100. 156 Remarks: The public clinics in Rush Medical College, which are given throughout the year, are, by courtesy of the faculty of the College, thrown open to the attendants upon the Post-Graduate Medical School. CHICAGO OPTHALMIC COLLEGE. Chicago, Ill. Isidor Gluck, Secretary, 605 W. VanBuren street. Incorporated March 19,1886. The faculty consists of six professors and four asso- ciates. Course of Instruction: " Tnis school is designed for graduates in medicine who desire to further perfect their knowledge of ophthalmology, otology and collateral branches. A special course of instruction will be given to those who wish to become qualified as practical opticians. The two courses will be essentially distinct and a sepa- rate certificate or diploma will be issued to the graduates in each. A course of lectures will begin the first Tuesday of each month and continue daily (except Bunday), for four weeks." Requirements: For graduation-Post Graduate Course: 1) good moral character; 2) graduation from a reputable medical college; 3) at least one full course of lectures at this college; 4) satisfactory examinations. Optician's Course: 1) good English education; 2) good moral character; 3) one or more courses of lectures in this college: 4) satisfactory examinations. Fees: Post Graduate Course: For first course. $30; each additional course, $15; ticket to Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary (optional), $5. Optician's Course: For first course, $50; each additional course, $25. The following named institutions also have post-graduate courses or other facilities for instruction for practitioners: Hahnemann Medical College, Chicago, Ill.-A six-weeks' course; fees, $30. Bennett College of Eclectic Medicine and Surgery, Chicago, Ill.-A six-weeks' course; fees. $25. University of Maryland, School of Medicine,Baltimore, Md.-A six-weeks' course: fees, $7 to $20 for each branch. Harvard University, Medical School, Boston, Mass.-Six months' courses, in his- tology ($20), physiology ($30), medical chemistry ($10), pathological anatomy ($20), surgery ($25), laryngology ($25), ophthalmology ($25), otology ($15), dermatology ($25.) syphilis ($'5). diseases of the nervous system ($15), gynecology ($25), obstetrics ($25). Graduates of other medical schools may obtain the degree of M. D. at this University after a year's study in the graduates' course and by passing the examinations of the three-years' course. Fee for full year, $200. Bellevue Hospital Medical College, New York City.-Private instruction in medi- cal and in physical diagnosis ($20 each), surgical operations ($15), operative surgery ($15), physiological laboratory ($50), practical chemistry ($10), diseases of the eye and ear ($30). pathological laboratory ($15). diseases of the heart, lungs and throat ($12), laryngoscopy ($10). "Intended mainly for the benefit of practitioners." American Eclectic Medical College, Cincinnati, O.-A ten-weeks' course; fees, $25. LIST OF COLLEGES FOR BOTH SEXES. The following institutions either announce that they are open to both sexes, or had both in attendance during the last session: Cooper Medical College, San Francisco, Cal. Medical Department of the University of California, San Francisco, Cal. California Medical College (Eclectic,) San Francisco, Cal. Medical Department of the University of Colorado, Boulder, Col. Medical Department of Howard University, Washington. D. C. National Medical College, Washington, D. C, Georgia Eclectic Medical College, Atlanta, Ga. Hahnemann Medical College, Chicago, III. Quincy Medical College, Quincy, Ill., Bennett College of Eclectic Medicine and Surgery, Chicago, Ill. Physio-Medical Institute, Chicago, Ill. Fort Wayne College of Medicine, Fort Wayne, Ind. 157 Physio-Medical College, Indianapolis, Ind. Indiana Eclectic Medical College, Indianapolis, Ind. College of Physicians and Surgeons. Keokuk. la. Medical Department of the State University of Iowa, Iowa City, la. Homeopathic Medical Department of the State University of Iowa, Iowa City. la. Iowa Medical College (Eclectic,) Des Moines, la. Iowa College of Physicians and Surgeons, Des Moines, la. Eclectic Medical College of Maine, Lewiston, Me. Boston University School of Medicine. Boston, Mass. College of Physicians and Surgeons, Boston, Mass. Department of Medicine and Surgery of the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. Homeopathic Medical College of the University of Michigan, Ann Aibor, Mich. Minnesota Hospital College, Minneapolis, Minn. American Medical College (Eclectic,)St. Louis, Mo. Homeopathic Medical College of Missouri, St. Louis, Mo. Kansas City Hospital College of Medicine, Kansas City, Mo. Omaha Medical College, Omaha, Neb. College of Medicine of the University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Neo. College of Medicine (Homeopathic Dep't.) University oi Nebraska, Lincoln, Neb. College of Medicine of the Syracuse University, Syracuse, N. Y. Leonard Medical School, Raleigh, N. C. Homeopathic Hospital College, Cleveland, 0. Eclectic Medical Institute, Cincinnati, O. Medical Department of the University of Wooster, Cleveland, 0. Pulte Medical College, (Homeopathic,) Cincinnati, O. Columbus Medical College, Columbus, O. American Eclectic Medical College, Cincinnati, O. Toledo Medical College, Toledo, 0. Medical Department of the Willamette University, Portland, Or. LIST OF COLLEGES FOR WOMEN ONLY. Woman's Medical College, Toront > Ont. Woman's Medical College, Kingston. Ont. Woman's Medical College, Chicago, Ill. Woman's Medical College, Baltimore, Md. New York Medical College and Hospital for Women (Homeopathic,) New York City. Woman's Medical College of the New York Infirmary, New York City. Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa. LIST OF COLLEGES FOR COLORED STUDENTS. Leonard Medical College, Raleigh, N. C. Meharry Medical Department of Central Tennessee College, Nashville, Tenn. The Medical Department of Howard University, Washington D. C„ is open to all, "without distinction of sex or race." 158 LIST OF COLLEGES WHICH CONFER DEGREES UPON ATTENDANCE ON SUMMER SESSIONS. Cooper Medical College. Session begins June 1, and closes October 31, University of California, Medical Department, San Francisco, Cal. Session begins March 1, and closes November 31, Hahnemann Medical College, San Francisco, Cal. Session begins first Tuesday in May and continues six months. Kentucky School of Medicine, Louisville, Ky. Session begins February 9, and closes June 20. Hospital College of Medicine, Louisville, Ky. Session begins in January, and closes in June. Medical School of Maine, Brunswick, Me. Session begins February 3, and closes June 23. Medical Department of Dartmouth College, Hanover, N. H. Session begins July 14, and closes December 1. Eclectic Medical Institute, Cincinnati, O. Session begins January 15, and closes June 7. Medical Department of the University of Wooster, Cleveland, O. Session begins March 2, and continues five months. Medical Department of the University of Vermont, Burlington, Vt. Session begins first Thursday in March and continues twenty weeks. 159 THE ILLINOIS MEDICAL-PRACTICE ACT. An Act to Regulate the Practice of Medicine in the State of Illinois. Approved May 29, 1877. In force July 1, 1877. Admission to practice medicine : Section 1. Be it enacted by thePeople of the State of Illinois, represented in the General Assembly: That every person practicing medicine, in any of its departments, shall possess the qualifications required by this act. If a graduate in medicine, he shall present his diploma to the State Board of Health * * * for verification as to its genuineness. If the diploma is found genuine, and if the person named therein be the person claiming and presenting the same, the State Board of Health * * * shall issue its certificate to that effect, signed by all of the members thereof, and such diploma and certificate shall be conclusive as to the right of the lawful holder of the same to practice medicine in this State. If not a graduate the person prac- ticing medicine in this State shall present himself before said Board, and submit himself to such examinations as the said Board shall require; and, if the examination be satisfactory to the examiners, the said Board shall issue its certificate in accordance with the facts, and the lawful holder of such certificate shall be entitled to ail the rights and privileges herein mentioned. Sec. 2. [This section is omitted as void, by reason of the pas- sage, at the same session, of the act establishing a State Board of Health, which see following. The section refers to the mode of providing boards of examiners in the absence of such State Board. The omissions indicated by asterisks in section 1, and in the remain- ing sections, also have reference to this provision for other boards.] Organization, duties and power of State Board: Sec. 3. The State Board of Health * * * shall organize within three months after the passage of this act; they shall procure a seal, and shall receive through their Secretary applications for certificates and examinations: the President * * * shall have authority to admin- ister oaths, and the Board to take testimony in all matters relating to their duties: they shall issue certificates to all who furnish sat- isfactory proof of having received diplomas or licences from legally chartered medical institutions in good standing: they shall prepare two forms of certificates, one for persons in possession of diplomas or licenses, the other for candidates examined by the Board : they shall furnish to the county clerks of the several counties a list of all persons receiving certificates. In selecting places to hold their 160 meetings they shall, as far as is reasonable, accommodate appli- cants residing in different sections of the State, and due notice shall be published of all their meetings. Certificates shall be signed by all the members of the Board granting them. * * * Verification of diplomas : fee and penalty : Sec. 4. Said State Board of Health * * * shall examine diplomas as to their genuineness, and if the diploma shall be found genuine as repre- sented, the Secretary of the State Board of Health * * * shall receive a fee of one dollar from such graduate or licentiate, and no fur- ther charge shall be made to the applicant; but if it he found to be fraudulent, or not lawfully owned by the possessor, the Board shall be entitled to charge and collect twenty dollars of the applicant presenting such diploma. The verification of the diploma shall con- sist in the affidavit of the holder and applicant that he is the lawful possessor of the same, and that he is tlie person therein named. Such affidavit may be taken before any person authorized to ad- minister oaths, and the same shall be attested under the hand and official seal of such officer, if he have a seal. Graduates may pre- sent their diplomas and affidavits as provided in this act, by letter or by proxy, and the State Board of Health * * * shall issue its certificate the same as though the owner of the diploma was present. Examination of non-graduates : Sec. 5. All examinations of per- sons not graduates or licentiates shall be made directly by the Board, and the certificates given by the Board shall authorize the possessor to practice medicine and surgery in the State of Illinois. Certificates must be recorded: Sec. 6. Every person holding a certificate from the State Board of Health * * * shall have it recorded in the office of the clerk of the county in which he resides, and the record shall be endorsed thereon. Any person re- moving to another county to practice, shall procure an endorsement to that effect on the certificate from the county clerk, and shall record the certificate, in like manner, in the county to which he removes, and the holder of the certificate shall pay to the county clerk the usual fees for making the record. Record book to be kept by county clerk : Sec. 7. The county clerk shall keep, in a book provided for the purpose, a complete list of the certificates recorded by him, with the date of the issue. * * * If the certificate be based on a diploma or license, he shall record the name of the medical institution conferring it, and the date when conferred. The register of the county clerk shall be open to public inspection during business hours. Fee for examining non-graduates : Sec. 8. Candidates for ex- amination shall pay a fee of five dollars, in advance, which shall be returned to them if a certificate be refused. The fees received by the Board shall be paid into the treasury. * * * Character of examination : Sec. 9. Examinations may be in whole or in part in writing, and shall be of an elementary and prac- tical character, but sufficiently strict to test the qualifications of the candidate as a practitioner. Certificates may be refused or revoked: Sec. 10. The State Board of Health * * * may refuse certificates to individuals 161 guilty of unprofessional or dishonorable conduct, and they may re- voke certificates for like causes. In all cases of refusal or revoca- tion, the applicant may appeal to the body appointing the Board. Definition of "practicing medicine" : Sec. 11. Any person shall be regarded as practicing medicine within the meaning of this act, who shall profess publicly to be a physician, and to prescribe for the sick, or who shall appeiid to his name the letters of "M. D.'r But nothing in this act shall be construed to prohibit students from prescribing under the supervision of preceptors, or to prohibit gra- tuitous services in cases of emergency. And this act shall not apply to commissioned surgeons in the United States army and navy. License to itinerant venders : Sec. 12. Any itinerant vender of any drug, nostrum, ointment or appliance of any kind, intended for the treatment of disease or injury, or who shall by writing or print- ing, or any other method, publicly profess to cure or treat diseases, injury or deformity by any drug, nostrum, manipulation or other expedient, shall pay a license of one hundred dollars a month, to be collected in the usual way. Penalties for non-compliance with this act : Sec. 13. Any per- son practicing medicine or surgery in this State without complying: with the provisions of this act, shall be punished by a fine of not less than fifty dollars nor more than five hundred dollars, or by imprisonment in the county jail for a period of not less than thirty days, nor more than three hundred and sixty-five days, or by both such fine and imprisonment, for each and every offense; and any person filing, or attempting to file, as his own, the diploma or cer- tificate of another, or a forged affidavit of identification, shall be guilty of a felony, and upon conviction shall be subject to such fine and imprisonment as are made and provided by the statutes of this State for the crime of forgery, but the penalties shall not be enforced till on and after the thirty-first day of December, eighteen hundred and seventy-seven: Provided, that the provisions of this act shall not apply to those that have been practicing med- icine ten years within this State. THE STATE BOARD OF HEALTH ACT. An Act to Create and Establish a State Board of Health in the State of Illinois. Approved May 28, 1877; in force July 1, 1877. Appointment of members; term of office; vacancies: Section 1. Be it enacted by the People of the State of Lllinois, represented in the General Assembly: That the Governor, with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall appoint seven persons, who shall constitute the Board of Health. The persons so appointed shall hold their offices for seven years: Provided, that the terms of office of the seven first 162 appointed shall be so arranged that the term of one shall expire on the thirtieth day of December of each year, and the vacancies so created, as well as all vacancies occurring otherwise, shall be filled by the Governor, with the advice and consent of the Senate: And provided, also, that appointments made when the Senate is not in session may be confirmed at its next ensuing session. Powers and authority of the Board : Sec. 2. The State Board of Health shall have the general supervision of the interests of the health and life of the citizens of the State. They shall have charge of all matters pertaining to quarantine ; and shall have authority to make such rules and regulations, and such sanitary investiga- tions, as they may from time to time deem necessary for the pres- ervation or improvement of public health; and it shall be the duty of all police officers, sheriffs, constables, and all other officers and employes of the State, to enforce such rules and regulations, so far as the efficiency and success of the Board may depend upon their official co-operation. Registration of births and deaths: Sec. 3. The Board of Health shall have supervision of the State system of registration of births and deaths as hereinafter provided; they shall make up such forms and recommend such legislation as shall be deemed necessary for the thorough registration of vital and mortuary sta- tistics thoughout the State. The Secretary of the Board shall be the superintendent of such registration. The clerical duties and the safe-keeping of the bureau of vital statistics thus created shall be provided by the Secretary of State. Physicians and accoucheurs to register and report : Sec. 4. It shall be the duty of all physicians and accoucheurs in this State to register their names and postoffice address with the county clerk of the county where they reside; and said physicians and accouch- eurs shall be required, under penalty of ten dollars, to be recovered in any court of competent jurisdiction in the State, at suit of the county clerk, to report to the county clerk, within thirty days from date of their occurrence, all births and deaths which may come under their supervision, with a certificate of the cause of death, and such correlative facts as the Board may require, in the blank forms furnished as hereinafter provided. Report of birth or death in absence of physician or accouch- eur : Sec. 5. Where any birth or death shall take place, no phy- sician or accoucheur being in attendance, the same shall be reported to the county clerk within thirty days from date of [its] occurrence, with the supposed cause of death, by the parent, or if none, by the nearest of kin, not a minor, of if none, by the resident house- holder where the death shall occur, under penalty as provided in the preceding section of this act. Coroners to'report deaths: Sec. 6. The coroners of the sev- eral counties shall be required to report to the county clerk all cases of death which may come under their supervision, with the cause and mode of death, etc., as per forms furnished, under pen- alty as provided in section four (4) of this act. 163 Disposition of penalties : Sec. 7. All amounts recovered under the penalties herein provided shall be appropriated to a special fund for the carrying out of the object of this law. County clerks to keep registers and records : Sec. 8. The county clerks of the several counties in the State shall be required to keep separate books for the registration of the names and post- office address of physicians and accoucheurs, for births, for mar- riages, and for deaths; said books shall always be open to inspec- tion without fee; and said county clerks shall be required to render a full and complete report of all births, marriages and deaths to the Secretary of the Board of Health, annually, and at such other times as the Board may direct. Board to prepare forms for reports : Sec. 9. It shall be the duty of the Board of Health to prepare such forms for the record of births, marriages and deaths as they may deem proper; the said forms to be furnished by the Secretary of said Board to the county clerks of the several counties, whose duty it shall be to furnish them to such persons as are herein required to make reports. Meetings of the Board : Sec. 10. The first meeting of the Board shall be within fifteen days after their appointment, and thereafter in January and June of each year, and at such other times as the Board shall deem expedient. The meeting in January of each year shall be in Springfield. A majority shall constitute a quorum. They shall choose one of their number to be President, and they may adopt rules and by-laws for their government, subject to the provisions of this act. Officers and compensation: Sec. 11. They shall elect a Secre- tary, who shall perform the duties prescribed by the Board and by this act; he shall receive a salary which shall be fixed by the Board ; he shall also receive his traveling and other expenses incurred in the performance of his official duties. The other members of the Board shall receive no compensation for their services, but their traveling and other expenses, while employed on business of the Board, shall be paid. The President of the Board shall quarterly certify the amount due the Secretary, and on presentation of his certificate, the Auditor of State shall draw his warrant on the Treasurer for the amount. Annual report : Sec. 12. It shall be the duty of the Board of Health to make an annual report, through their Secretary or otherwise, in writing, to the Governor of this State, on or before the first day of January of each year, and such report shall include so much of the proceedings of the Board, and such information concerning vital statistics, such knowledge respecting diseases, and such instruction on the subject of hygiene, as may be thought use- ful by the Board for dissemination among the people, with such suggestions as to legislative action as they may deem necessary. Appropriation : Sec. 13. The sum of five thousand dollars ($5,000), or so much thereof as may be necessary, is hereby appropriated to pay the salary of the Secretary, meet the contingent expenses of the office of Secretary, and the expenses of the Board, and all 164 costs for printing, which, together, shall not exceed the sum hereby appropriated; said expenses shall be certified and paid in the same manner as the salary of the Secretary. Office room: Sec. 14. The Secretary of State shall provide rooms suitable for the meetings of the Board, and office room for the Secretary. DEAD BODIES EOK DISSECTION. An Act to Promote the Science of Medicine and Surgery in the State of Illinois. Section 1. Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois, represented in the General Assembly: That superintendents of pen- itentiaries, houses of correction and bridewells, wardens of hospitals, insane asylums and poor houses, coroners, sheriffs, jailors, city and county undertakers, and all other State, county, town and city offi- cers in whose custody the body of any diseased person required to be buried at public expense shall be, shall give permission to any physician or surgeon (a licentiate of the State Board of Health) or to any medical college or school, public or private, of any city, town or county, upon his or their request therefor, to receive and remove free of charge or expense, after having given proper notice to relatives or guardians of the deceased, the bodies of such de- ceased persons to be buried at public expense, to be by him or them used within the State, for advancement of medical science, preference being given to medical colleges or schools, public or private; said bodies to be distributed to and among the same, equitably: the number assigned to each being in proportion to the students of each college or school: Provided, however, that if any person claiming to be, and satisfying the proper authorities that he is of kindred of the deceased, shall ask to have the body for burial, it shall be surrendered for interment: And provided, further, that any medical college or school, public or private, or any officers of the same, that shall receive the bodies of deceased persons for the purposes of scientific study, under the provisions of this act, shall furnish the same to students of medicine and surgery, who may be under their instruction, at a price not exceeding the sum of five dollars for each and every such deceased body so furnished. § 2. Any physician or surgeon (a licentiate of the Illinois State Board of Health) or any medical college or school, public or private, before receiving any dead body or bodies, shall give to the proper authority, surrendering the same to him or them, a sufficient bond that said body or bodies shall be used only for the promotion of medical science within this State; and whoever shall use said body or bodies for any other purpose, or shall remove the same beyond the limits of this State, and whosoever shall sell or buy any such body or bodies or shall traffic in the same, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall, on conviction, be fined in a sum of not less than one hundred dollars and be imprisoned 165 in the county jail for a term of not less than thirty days nor more than one year: the fine accruing from such conviction, to be paid into the school fund of the county where the offense shall have been committed. § 3. Any officer refusing to deliver the remains or body of any deceased person when demanded in accordance with the provisions of this act, shall pay a penalty of not less than fifty dollars, nor more than one hundred dollars for the first offense, and for the second offense, a penalty of not less than one hundred dollars, nor more than five hundred dollars, and for a third offense, or any offense thereafter, the penalty of not less than five hundred dollars, or be imprisoned in the county jail not less than six or more than twelve months, or both, at the discretion of the court; such penal- ties to be sued for by the health department, as the case may be. § 4. It shall be the duty of preceptors, professors and teacher, and all officers of medical colleges or schools, public or private, who shall receive any dead body or bodies, in pursuance of the provisions of this act, decently to bury in some public cemetery, or to cremate the same in a furnace properly constructed for that purpose, the remains of all bodies, after they shall have answered he purposes of study aforesaid, and for any neglect or violation of the provisions of this act, the party or parties so neglecting shall on conviction, forfeit or pay a penalty of not less than fifty dollars, nor more than one hundred dollars, or be imprisoned in the county jail not less than six nor more than twelve months, or both, at the discretion of the court; such penalties to be sued for by school offi- cers, or any person interested therein, for the benefit of the school fund of the county in which the offense shall have been committed. § 5. An act entitled "An act to promote the science of medicine and surgery in the State of Illiinois," approved February 16, 1874, in force July 1, 1874, is hereby repealed. Approved June 26, 1885. 167 INDEX. MEDICAL EDUCATION IN THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA. Act to Regulate the Practice of Medicine and Surgery, Illinois 159 Act to Regulate the Practice of Medicine and Surgery, Iowa 74 Alabama 34 Albany Medical College 116 American Anthropological University of St. Louis 109 American Eclectic Medical College . 136 American Health College t 135 American Medical College,Cincinnati 129 American Medical College, St. Louis 107 American University of Pennsylvania 143 Arkansas 35 Atlanta Medical College 58 Auburn Medical School 116 Auxiliary Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania 153 Auxiliary, Polyclinic and Post-Graduate Institutions and Courses 153 Baltimore Medical College 89 Baltimore Polyclinic and Post-Graduate Medical School 154 Baltimore University School of Medicine 90 Beach Medical College 74 Beach Medical Institute 74 Beaumont Hospital Medical College Ill Bellevue Hospital Medical College 121 Bellevue Medical College of Massachusetts 95 Bennett College of Eclectic Medicine and Surgery 65 Bequests to Medical Colleges 10 Berkshire Medical College 92 Board of Medical Examiners of North Carolina x 127 Boston University School of Medicine 93 Botanic Medical College, Memphis 147 Botanico Medical College of Ohio ; 129 Brooklyn Academy of Medicine 124 California 36 California Medical College 38 California Medical Society and College of Physicians 38 Canada 39 Central College of Physicians and Surgeons 71 Central Medical College of New York 119 Charity Hospital Medical College, Cleveland (See Medical Department University of Wooster) 134 Charity Hospital Medical College, New Orleans 84 Chicago Homeopathic Medical College 66 Chicago Medical College 63 Chicago Northwestern College x 66 Chicago Ophthalmic College : 156 Chicago Polvciinic 155 Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surgery 132 Cincinnati Literary and Scientific Institute (See Physio Medical College) 129 Cincinnati Medical Co'lege 129 Clark University, Medical Department 60 Cleveland Medical College, (See Western Reserve University, Medical Department).... 129 Cleveland Polyclinic and Post-Graduate Medical Scho >1 . . 154 Clinical Scho >1 of Medicine (See Vermont Medical College) 150 College of Medical Practitioners, St Louis 154 College of American Medicine and Su g wy 69 College of M idicine in Philadelphia (S m Univ, of Penna., Dept, of Med.) 139 College of Me Heine of Syracuse University 125 College of Medicine of the University of Southern California 39 College of Physicians and Surgeons, Baltimore 98 College of Physicians and Surgeons, Boston 94 168 College of Physicians and Surgeons, Buffalo 12f> Cobege of Physicians and Surgeons, < ihicago 67 College of Physicians and Surgeons. Keokuk College of Physicians and Surgeons of Kansas City (See Kansas City Medical College), 105 College of Physicians and Surgeons of St. Joseph 108 Co lege of Physicians and Suigeons in the City of New York 115 College of Physicians and Surgeons of the Western District of New York... 116 Colorado 50 Columbus Medical College 135 "Corney Medical Inst'tute." (See Milwaukee College of Physicians and Surgeons) 152 Connecticut 51 Cooper Medical College 36 Curtis Physio Medical Instit ite 73 Dakota 52 Dakota, Law creating Territorial and County Boards of Health 52 Dalhousie University, Faculty of Medicine 48 Dartmouth Medical College.... 113 Dead Bodies for Dissection 164 Department of Biology of the University of Pennsylvania 155 Department of Medicine and Surgery ot the University of Michigan 95 Department of Medicine of the College of Philadelphia. (See Univ, of Penna.. Dept. of Medicine) 139 Detroit College of Medicine 98 Detroit Homeopathic Medical College 97 Detroit Medical College 96 District of Columbia... 54 Druidic University of Maine ...., 86 Duration of Lecture Terms 19 Eclectic College of Medicine and Surgery 133 Eclectic Medical College, Kentucky , 81 Eclectic Medical College of Maine 86 Eclectic Medical College of the City of New York 123 Eclectic Medical College of Pennsylvania 143 Eclectic Medical Institute 13'* Ecole de Medicine et de Chirurge. . 45 Edinborough Medical College 127 Edinburg Univer-itv of Chicago and St. Louis 66 Excelsior Medical College, Mass 95 Excelsior Medical College, New York 119 First Medical College of the American Health Society 95 Florida 57 Fort Wayne College of Medicine 7z Franklin Medical College 141 Galveston Medical College. (See Texas Medical College and Hospital) 149 Geneva Medical College D7 Georgia College of Eclectic Medicine and Surgery •... 59 Georgia Eclectic Medical College. (See Georgia College of Eclectic Med. and SurgJ... 59 Hahnemann Medical College and Hospital, Chicago 64 Hahnemann Medical College and Hospital, Philadelphia.. 141 Hahnemann Medical College of San Francisco 38 Halifax Medical College 47 Halifax School of Medicine. (See Halifax Medical College) 47 Harvard University, Medical School 91 Hering Medical College 108 Homeopathic Hospital College 131 Homeopathic Medical College of Missouri 105 Homeopathic Medical College of Philadelphia 141 Homeopathic Medical College of St. Louis 107 Homeopathic Medical Department, State University of Iowa 78 Homeopathic Medical College of the University of Michigan 97 Hospital College of Medicine 83 Hospital Medical College of Evansville 74 Howanl University, Medical Department 56 Humboldt Institute, (see Humboldt Medical College) 104 Humbo'dt Medical College 104 Hygeo-Therapeutic College, New Jersey 114 Hygeo-Therapeutic College of New York 119 Illinois 60 Illinois Medical-Practice Act .. ............ 159 Illinois State Board of Health 60 Illinois State Board of Health Act 161 Indiana 69 Indiana Central Medical College 70 Indiana Eclectic Medical College 72 Indiana Medical College 69 Iowa 74 Iowa College of Physicians and Surgeons, Des Moines 79 Iowa Eclectic Medical College (See Iowa Medical College) 78 Iowa Medical College, Des Moines 78 Iowa Medical College, Keokuk 77 169 Jefferson Medical Association 14/ Jefferson Medical College 140 Jefferson School of Medicine 84 Johns Hopkins University, Medical Department 91 Joplin College of Physicians and Surgeons 108 Joplin Medical College 108 Kansas 80 Kansas City Hospital College of Medicine 110 Kansas City Medical College 105 Kansas Medical College 80 Kentucky. 80 Kentucky School of Medicine 81 King Eclectic Medical College 79 Kingston Women's Medical College 44 Laval University, Medical Departments 46 Leonard Medical School 127 Lincoln University, Medical Department 143 List of Colleges for both sexes 156 List of Colleges for colored students 157 List of Colleges for women only : 157 List of Colleges which confer degrees upon attendance on Summer Sessions 158 Livingston University .. 114 Long Island College Hospital. 120 Louisiana 84 Louisville Medical College 82 Maine 85 Manitoba 49 Manitoba Medical College 49 Maryland 88 Massachusetts 91 Matriculates and Graduates each State 1877-78 tol885-86inclusive 20 Matriculates and Graduates Sessions of 1882-83 to 1885-Hi compared 24 McGill University, Faculty of Medicine 44 Medical Association of the State of Alabama 31 Med cal College in the City of Baltimore (See Univ, of Maryland, School of Med.)..^ 88 Medical College of Alaoama . . 35 Medical College of Evansville 69 Medical College of Fort Wayne 70 Medical College of Georgia ^7 Medical College of Indiana 70 Medical College of Kansas City 106 Medical College of New York City 119 Medical College of Ohio 128 Medical College of South Carolina 145 Medical College of the Pacific (See Cooper Medical College) 36 Medical College of the State of South Carolina.. 145 Medical Colleges of the United States and Canada 34 Medical College of Virginia 151 Medical Department. Arkansas Industrial University 35 Medical Department, Asbury University (See Indiana Central Medical College) 70 Medical Department, Central University (See Hospital College of Medicine) 83 Medical Department, Cumberland University (See Memphis Medical College) 147 Medical Department, National University 56 Medical Department of Ade.'bert College of the Western Reserve University (See Western Reserve University Medical Department) 129 Medical Department of Brown University 145 Medical Department of Chaddock College (See Quincy College of Medicine) 68 Medical Department of Columbia College (See College of Physicians and Surgeons in the City of New York) 115 Medical Department of Columbian College (See National Medical College) 54 Medical Department of Drake University (See Iowa Medical College) . 78 Medical Department of Hampden Sidney College (See Medical College of Virginia) 151 Medical Department of Illinois College 63 Medical Department of Jefferson College at Canonsburg, Pa. (See Jefferson Medical College)... 140 Medical Department of Kemper College (See Missouri Medical College' 102 Medical Department of Lind University (See Chicago Medical College) 63 Medical Department of Niagara University 126 Medical Department of Ohio University (See Worthington Medical College) 129 Medical Department, of Queen's College, New Jersey (See New Medical Institution).... 116 Medical Department of Straight University 85 Medical Department of the American University of Boston 95 Medical Department of the Columbian University (See National Medical College) 54 Medical department ot the New Orleans University 85 Medical Departmentof the Northwestern University tSee Chicago Medical College).... 63 Medical Department of the Pennsylvania College at Gettysburg (See Pennsylvania Medical College) 141 Medical Department of the St. Louis University (See St. Louis Medical College) 103 Medical Department of the University of Buffalo 118 Medical Department of the University College of San Francisco (See Cooper Medical College) 36 Medical Department of the University of Minnesota and Medical Examining Board.... 98 Medical Departmentof the University of Nashville and Vanderbilt University 146 Medical Department of the University ot North Carolina 126 Medical Department of the University of the Pacific (See Cooper Medical College) 37 170 Medical Department of the University of Vermont 149 Medical Department of the Western University 13 Medical Department of Transylvania University 80 Medical D ipartment of Union University (See Albany Medical College) 116 Medical Department of Victoria College . 42 Medical Depar tment of Washington College, Pa. (See Washington University, School of Medicine) ... 88 Medical Department of Williams College (See Berkshire Medical College) 92 Medical Department of Yale College 51 Medical Department Southwestern Baptist University (See Memphis Hospital Medical College) 148 Medical Department State University of Iowa 77 Medical Department, Tulane University of Louisiana 84 Medical Department. University of California 37 Medical D p irtment, Univer-dty of Colorado 51 Medical Department, University of Georgia (See Medical College of Georgia) 57 Medical Department, University of St. Charles 63 Medical Department, U dversity of Tennessee 147 Medical Department, University of the State of Missouri, Section No. 1 104 Medical Department, University of the State of Missouri, Section No. 2, (See Missouri Medical College) 102 Medical Department, University of Wooster 134 Medical Department, Willamette University 133 Medical Education in the United States and Canada 3 Medical Examining Board of Virginia 150 Medical Faculty of King's College, (See Toronto University Medical Faculty) 41 Medical Faculty of Queen's University, (See Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons). 42 Medical Faculty of Trinity College, (See Trinity Medical School) 41 Medical Institution of Morgan City 149 Medical Institution of Yale College, (See Medical Department of Yale College) 51 Medical Practice Act, Illinois. 159 Medical School of Maine, at Bowdoin College 85 Medical School of the Valley of Virginia 151 Medical Society of New Jersey 114 Medico-Chi'urgical College of Philadelphia 143 Meharry Medical Department of Central Tennessee College , 118 Memphis Hospital Medical College 118 Memphis Medical College 117 Metropolitan Medical College 119 Miami Medical College 133 Michigan 95 Michigan College of Medicine 98 Michigan Homeopathic Medical College 97 Milwaukee College of Physicians and Surgeons 152 Minneapolis College of Physicians and Surgeons pio Minnesota : 98 Minnesota Hospital College '. 99 Mississippi 101 Missouri 102 Missouri Medical College 102 Montreal Medical Institution, (See, McGill University Faculty of Medicine) 44 Nashville Medical College, (See Medical Department University of Tennessee) 147 National Medical College 54 Nebraska.. Ill New England Botanico Medical College 93 New England Female Metrical College 93 New England University of Arts and Sciences,Boston 95 New England University of the Arts and Sciences, Manchester 114 New Hampshire 113 New Hampshire Medical Institute, (See Dartmouth Medical College) 113 New Jersey 114 New Medical Institution 116 New Orleans School of Medicine .• 84 New York 115 New York Free Medical College for Women 124 New York Homeopathic Medical College 120 New York Medical College 119 New York Medical College and Hospital for Women 122 New York Polyclinic '. 153 New York Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital , 154 New York Reformed Medical College 116 New Ym k School of Medicine 116 North Carolina 137 Northwe-tern Medical College. St. Joseph, Mo 1H8 Northwestern Ohio Medical College 137 Nova Scotia 47 Occidental College of Physicians and Surgeons Ill Oglethorpe Medical College 59 Ohio 128 Omaha Medical College Ill Ontario 41 Oregon 1.38 171 Pennsylvania 139 Pennsylvania Medical College 141 Penn Medical University 143 Philadelphia College of Medicine and Surgery 141 Philadelphia Polyclinic and College for Graduates in Medicine 154 Philadelphia University of Medicine and Surgery 143 Physio-Eclectic Medical College 136 Physio-Medical College , 129 Physio-Medical Institute, Chicago v 68 Physio-Medical Institute, Cincinnati 133 Physio-Medical College of Indiana. 70 Portland School for Medical Instruction . 85 Post-Graduate Medical School of Chicago.' .. 155 Pulte Medical College 134 Queen's University (See Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons) 42, and (Kingston Women's Medical College 44 Quincy College of Medicine 68 Reform Medical College of Georgia 58 Regents of the University of the State of New York 125 Rhode Island 145 Rochester Eclectic Medical College 119 Rock Island Medical College 63 "Rolph's" School (See Medical Department of Victoria College) 42 Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons 42 Rush Medical College 62 Rutger's College (See New Medical Institution) 116 Savannah Medical College 58 Schedule of Minimum Requirements 11 Shelby Medical College 147 South Carolina 145 Southern Botanico-Medical College 58 Southern Medical College 59 Southern University Medical Department 35 Starling Medical College 131 State Board of Health Act. Illinois 161 State Board of Health of Missouri 102 State Board of Medical Examiners, Iowa 76 St Joseph Hospital Medical College 108 St. Joseph Medical College 109 St.Lawrence School of Medicine 45 St. Louis College of Homeopathic Physicians and Surgeons 106 St. Louis College of Medicine and Natural Sciences (See Humboldt Medical College)... 104 St. Louis College of Physicians and Surgeons 106 St. Louis Eclectic Medical College 106 St. Louis Hahnneman Medical College 106 St. Louis Medical College 103 St. Louis Post-Graduate School of Medicine 155 St. Paul Medical College .... 101 Summary of Institutions and Students 15 Syracuse Medical College 119 Tennessee 146 Texas 149 Texas Medical College and Hospital 149 Thompsonian College j 58 Toland Medical College (See Medical Department University of California) 37 Toledo School of Medicine 136 Toledo Medical College 137 Toronto School of Medicine t 41 Toronto University Medical Faculty 41 Trinity Medical School 41 United States Medical College 126 University Medical College (See University of the City of New York, Medical Depart- ment) 117 University of Bishops College, Faculty of Medicine 46 University of Denver, Medina; Department 50 University of Florida, Medical Department 57 University of Georgetown, Medical Department 55 University of Indiana 69 University of Kansas, Medical Department 80 University of Kansas City. Medical Department 1'4) University of Louisiana, (See Medical Department Tulane University of Louisiana)... 84 University of Louisville, Medical Department 81 University of Manitoba (See Trinity Medical School) and (Manitoba Medical College).. 49 University of Maryland School of Medicine 88 University of Nebraska, College of Medicine, Regular 112 University of Nebraska, College of Medicine. Homeopathic 112 University of Nebraska, College of Medicine. E dectie 113 University of Pennsylvania, Department of Medicine 189 University of South Carolina. Medical Department 146 University of the City of New York. Medical Department 117 University of Toronto (See Toronto Medical College) 41 172 University of Trinity College (See Trinity Medical School) 41, and (Woman's Medical College Toronto) 43 University of Victoria (See Ecole de Medicine et de Chirurgie) 4 > University of Victoria College (See Toronto Medical College) 41 University of Virginia, Medical Department 151 University of Washington Territory, Medical Department 152 Upper Canada School of Medicine (See Trinity Medical School) 41 Utah 14!> Vermont 140 Vermont Academy ot Medicine i4!) Vermont Medical College 150 Virginia 150 Washington Territory 152 Washington University School of Medicine >8 Waterville College. (See Vermont Medical College) 150 Western College of Homeopathic Medicine (See Homeopathic Hospital College) 131 Western Pennsylvania Medical College 144 Western Reserve University, Medical Department 129 Willoughby University, Medical Department , 129 Winona Medical School 99 Wisconsin 152 Woman's Medical College of Baltimore 90 Woman's Medical College of Chicago 66 Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania 142 Woman's Medical College of St. Louis ill Woman's Medical College of the New York Infirmary 124 Woman's Medical College, Toronto 43 Worcester Medical College 93 Worthington Medical College 129 Zanesville Academy of Medicine • 136