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J j PURITY, ACTIVITY, BEAUTY. 
MEDICINAL 
Fluid Extracts 
MANUFACTURED BY 
JOHN WYETH & BROTHER, 
WITH 
DOSES, REMEDIAL ATTRIBUTES, 
AND FORMULAE FOR EXTEMPORANEOUS 
PREPARATIONS. 
STANDARD. 
Our standard is in accordance with the requirements 
of the United States Pharmacopoeia of 1880, viz.: 1 c. c. 
representing 1 gram of the assayed drug. 
PHILADELPHIA, PA. 
1892. TO THE DRUG TRADE. 
In presenting our recently-revised work on Fluid 
Extracts, it is with pleasure that we again call attention 
to the scrupulous care exercised in the selection of the 
crude material, the skill and accuracy involved in its 
subsequent manipulation and the thorough and complete 
system of assay introduced to establish its therapeutic 
uniformity. In this connection, we desire to emphasize 
the importance of determining the alkaloidal value of 
the leading representative preparations. The large 
variety of inferior drugs indiscriminately employed by. 
unscrupulous manufacturers, and the defective methods 
pursued by them in their faulty manipulation, have 
made the adoption of these precautions imperative. We 
have recently, at an expenditure of much time and ex- 
perimental research, directed our attention toward the 
perfection of a practical system of assay which will insure 
the utmost reliability. Physicians, as well as pharmacists, 
will at once appreciate the expediency of this measure as 
applied to the estimation of the alkaloids in the leading 
narcotic and other potent remedies. These important 
drugs, while apparently possessing all the well-known 
physical characteristics, if gathered from immature plants 
or at improper seasons of the year, will be frequently found 
deficient in those valuable alkaloidal attributes upon 
which their therapeutic value is largely dependent. In 
our efforts to obviate this difficulty, and at the same time 
surround ourselves with every available precaution calcu- 
lated to insure the most accurate results, we have, in many 
cases, adopted a minimum standard, based upon the aver- 
age percentage of active matter present in a prime quality 
of commercial drug. We can, with confidence, assure 
the profession that, under no circumstances, do we deviate 
from these established standards or in any way disregard 
the detail which their accuracy involves. 
John Wyeth & Brother. Medicinal Fluid Extracts 
MANUFACTURED BY 
JOHN WYETH & BROTHER. 
November, 1876. 
In compliance with a long-existing demand, we have made 
arrangements for the manufacture of a full line of 
Fluid Extracts, 
which we are now prepared to furnish to the trade. Our list 
will include not only the officinal articles of this kind, but a 
number of others not mentioned in the Pharmacopoeia, whose 
recognized therapeutical value induces many physicians to 
employ them in their practice. 
Those who order our Fluid Extracts,—physicians in pre- 
scribing them as well as druggists in supplying them,—may 
rest assured that they will find each one thoroughly reliable, as 
representing the properties of the original drug. 
In order to fulfill this promise, we have secured supplies of 
crude material of the very best quality, obtained at the right 
season from plants properly grown. This is of the highest im- 
portance in regard to plants indigenous to the United States. MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
As to the narcotics,—Hyoscyamus, Belladonna, Conium, Digi- 
talis, Aconite, etc.,—we have entered into an agreement with 
one of the most reliable cultivators of medicinal plants in Eng- 
land, by which we secure an article in each case far superior to 
the ordinary commercial leaves and roots. 
Our appliances for manufacture have been constructed with- 
out regard to first cost; this outlay being justified by the extent 
of our business. For completeness and economy of working, 
these arrangements cannot be excelled, and by means of them, 
with our experience in this branch of pharmacy, we are enabled 
to prepare Fluid Extracts of unsupassed purity and reliable 
strength at the most reasonable rates. 
Our process of manufacture is in accordance with the most 
advanced science in regard to the properties of the drug. The 
crude material, selected with the before-mentioned precaution, is 
treated with the greatest care, with such menstrua as will secure 
all available active principles to the exclusion of inert matter. 
We have, therefore, no hesitation in claiming for these pre- 
parations superiority to all others in the market, in purity, 
activity and beauty, and feel confident that this claim will be 
sustained by the judgment of any unbiased expert. 
May, 1880. 
Ill our list, we have included those that are more generally 
used, but will prepare to order any special formula that may be 
desired and that can be made in accordance with our method. 
You will observe that we have given the officinal and common 
name of each drug, arranged in alphabetical order, -with its 
medicinal properties and dose. Each minim represents one 
grain of the dry drug. CATALOGUE 
AND 
FORMULARY LIST 
No. 1. ACONITE LEAVES. 
The Leaves of Aconiturn Napellus. 
Natural Order.—Raniinculaceae. 
Habitat.—France, Germany, Switzerland. 
Common Names.—Wolfsbane, Monkshood. 
Active Constituent.—Aconitine. 
The therapeutical properties of this drug are those of a 
powerful sedative to the nervous system. It also reduces the 
force of the circulation, and is consequently of much value in 
inflammatory diseases. It may be used with advantage, both 
internally and externally. Physicians should always be careful 
to designate, in their prescriptions, the particular preparation of 
Aconite wanted. 
Antidotes.—In case of poisoning by Aconite,' the antidotes 
are emetics, Apomorphine, one-tenth grain, stimulants internal 
and external; Atropine or Belladonna, Digitalis, Nitrite of Amyl. 
Atropine is antagonistic to the action of Aconitine on the heart. 
Dose.—From 2 to 5 minims, diluted (0.12—0.30 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Aconite Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol ‘ 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 5 fluid ounces (150. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—10 to 20 minims (0.60—1.25 c. c.). 2 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Infusion of Aconite Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—20 to 40 minims (1.25—2.50 c. c.). 
No. 2. ACONITE ROOT (Assayed) U. S. P., 1880. 
The Root of Aconitum Napellus. 
Natural Order.—Ranunculaceae. 
Habitat.—France, Germany, Switzerland. 
Common Names.—Wolfsbane, Monkshood. 
Active Constituent —Aconitine. 
(This Fluid Extract contains not less than 0.5 per cent, of alkaloidal matter. 
It also responds promptly to the physiological test 
recommended by Dr. Squibb.) 
The therapeutical effects of this powerful drug are those of an 
arterial sedative, reducing the force of the circulation, and it is, 
consequently, of great value in inflammatory diseases. It is 
employed externally for neuralgia, rheumatism, etc., as an 
addition to the usual rubefacient liniments. 
N. B.—Physicians and druggists cannot be too guarded in 
specifying the leaves or root in prescribing or ordering the 
preparations of this drug. 
Antidotes.—In case of poisoning by Aconite, the antidotes are 
emetics, Apomorphine one-tenth grain, stimulants internal and 
external; Atropine or Belladonna, Digitalis, Nitrite of Amyl. 
Atropine is antagonistic to the action of Aconitine on the heart. 
Dose.—y2 to 1 minim (0.03—0.06 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Aconite Root, IT. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract fluid ounces (172.5 c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water fluid ounces ( 37.5 c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 3 minims (0.06—o.iS c. c.). 
\ 
Tincture of Aconite Root. 
\ 
(Fleming’s.) 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—]/z to 2 minims (0.03—0.12 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
3 
Liniment of Aconite Root. 
The Fluid Extract in full strength may be used in very urgent 
cases, by saturating a piece of flax lint, and then covering with 
a piece of oiled silk. In ordinary chronic cases of neuralgia, 
rheumatism, etc., the following will be of great service : 
Fluid Extract 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Alcohol 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Soap Liniment 6 fluid ounces (180. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Sig. For external use only. 
Ointment of Aconite Root. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce (30. c. c.) 
Evaporate over water bath to the consistence of thick molasses, 
and incorporate intimately with fresh lard, one troy ounce 
(31. gms.). 
Plaster of Aconite Root. 
Fluid Extract 8 fluid ounces (240. c.c.) 
Evaporate over a water bath to the consistence of a soft extract, 
incorporate with resin plaster, eight troy ounces (248. gms.). 
No. 3. ADONIS VERNALIS. 
The Root and Herb of Adonis Vernalis. 
Natural Order.—Ranunculacese. 
Habitat.—Asia, Northern part of Europe. 
Common Names.—False Hellebore, Bird’s Eye. 
Active Constituent.—Adonidin, a glucoside soluble in alcohol and 
water. 
The reputed use in medicine of this drug is that of a cardiac 
stimulant and a rival to digitalis, its action being more prompt 
and void of cumulative effects. It is, also, claimed to be a valu- 
able diuretic and emmenagogue. 
Dose.—i to 5 minims (0.06—0.30 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Adonis. 
Fluid Extract 2x/2 fluid ounces ( 75. c. c.) 
Alcohol fluid ounces (315. c. c.) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—10 to 20 minims (0.60—1.25 c. c.). 4 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 4. AGARIC. 
(Agaricus Albus.) 
The Polyporus officinalis. A fungous growth on the European Larch. 
Natural Order.—Fungi, Hymenomycetes. 
Habitat.—Asia and Europe (on the Larix). 
Common Names.—White Agaric, Purging Agaric. 
Active Constituents.—Agaricin. Two Resins, bitter and non-bitter. 
The medicinal properties of this drug are purgative and 
emetic. Its principal use in the United States is that of an anti- 
sudoral, with the advantage of leaving no unpleasant after-effects. 
Dose.—5 to 15 minims (0.30—0.92 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of White Agaric. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol .12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—20 to 40 minims (1.25—2.50 c. c.). 
No. 5. AGRIMONY. 
The Herb of Agrirnonia Enpatoria. 
Natural Order.—Rosaceae, Dryadeas. 
Habitat.—Europe, North America. 
Common Names.—Cockleburr, Stickwort. 
Active Constituents.—Tannin, Bitter Extractive. 
The medicinal properties of this drug are those of a mild cor- 
roborant and astringent. It is useful in passive hemorrhages 
and chronic affections of the mucous membranes, and also, as a 
tonic and alterative in diseases of the skin. 
Dose.—20 to 40 minims (1.25—2.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Agrimony. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Agrimony. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water . . % 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
5 
Syrup of Agrimony. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 6. ALOE (Socotrine). 
The Inspissated Juice of Aloe Perryi. 
Natural Order.—Liliaceae. 
Habitat.—Cape of Good Hope, Socotra. 
Common Name.—Socotrine Aloes. 
Active Constituent.—Aloin. 
(Each fluid ounce [30. c. c.] represents one-half troy ounce [15.5 gms.] 
of the drug.) 
Therapeutically, this drug is well known as one of the most 
reliable aperient, laxative, and cathartic remedies we have. It 
is of great value in hepatic troubles, relieving constipation, and 
may in such cases, be advantageously combined with the aro- 
matic and narcotic extracts to prevent its nauseating and grip- 
ing effects. It is also useful as a natural excitant to the female 
pelvic organs, relieving abnormal engorgements and imparting 
tone to their usual functions. 
Dose.—10 to 30 minims (0.60—1.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Aloes, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract Aloes 2>l4 fluid ounces (97.5 c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Eiquorice . . .... . . 3 X fluid ounces (97.5 c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol fluid ounces (285. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms, according to 
effect desired (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Wine of Aloes. 
Fluid Extract Aloes 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Cardamom 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Ginger . 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 7. ALOES AND MYRRH. 
(Each fluid ounce [30. c. c.] contains one-half troy ounce [15.5 gnis.] 
of each drug). 
This preparation represents the combination known as 
“ Elixir Proprietatis,” in a concentrated form, combining the 6 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
tonic, emmenagogue, and purgative properties of these valuable 
remedies. It is useful in chlorosis, deficient or retarded men- 
struation, and also as a stomachic laxative with a constipated 
condition of the bowels. 
Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Aloes and Myrrh, U. S. P., 1880. 
(Elixir Proprietatis.) 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Alcohol 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
No. 8. ALTERATIVE COMPOUND. 
This is a vegetable alterative, combining the medicinal 
virtues of sarsaparilla, stillingia, burdock, and poke root with 
prickly-ash bark, as recommended by Dr. J. Marion Sims, Dr. 
McDade, and others, in scrofulous and syphilitic diseases. It 
will be found to be a valuable vehicle for the administration of 
the iodides where a combined effect is wanted of the mineral 
and vegetable alteratives. 
Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Syrup of Alterative Compound. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 9. WHITE or AMERICAN ASH BARK. 
The Bark of Fraxinus Americana. 
Natural Order.—Oleacese, Fraxineae. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—White Ash, American Ash. 
Active Constituents.—Resin, Volatile Oil, Fraxin. 
This bark lias acquired, of late years, a reputation as a remedy 
for diseases of the uterus; imparting tone and relieving any 
abnormal engorgement of that organ. It is more especially 
endorsed by some practitioners as a specific in dysmenorrhcea. 
Dose.—15 to 30 minims (0.92—1.90 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
7 
PREPARATION. 
Wine of American Ash. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
No. 10. AMERICAN COLUMBO. 
The Root of Frasera Carolinenses. 
Natural Order.—Gentianacea;. 
Habitat.—United States : west and south. 
Common Name.—American Columbo. 
Active Constituents.—Gentiopicrin, Gentisic Acid, Resin. 
This drug is a mild tonic and may be classed with the other 
simple bitters. It is useful in dyspepsia and in cases succeeding 
acute or prostrating diseases requiring a mild, stimulating tonic 
effect. 
Dose.—15 to 30 minims (0.92—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of American Columbo. 
Fluid Extract xyi fluid ounces ( 45. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol fluid ounces (435. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of American Columbo. 
Fluid Extract ]/z fluid ounce ( 15. c. c. 
Hot Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c. 
M., and when cold, filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces 
(30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of American Columbo. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c. ) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Wine of American Columbo. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 8 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 11. ANGELICA ROOT. 
The Root of Archangelica Officinalis. 
Natural Order.—Umbelliferae, Orthospermeae. 
Habitat.—United States : north and west. 
Common Names.—Masterwort, High Angelica, American Angelica. 
Active Constituents.—Resin, Volatile Oil, Volatile Acid. 
The medicinal properties of this drug are those of an aromatic 
and stimulant. It is useful in cases of colic, or of gastric un- 
easiness, arising from an enfeebled condition of the stomach. 
Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Angelica Root. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c,) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c ) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Angelica Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 12. ANISEED. 
The Fruit of Pimpinella Avisum. 
Natural Order.—Umbelliferae, Orthospermeae. 
Habitat.—Egypt, Levant, Southeastern Europe. 
Common Name.—Aniseed. 
Active Constituent.—Volatile Oil. 
Therapeutically, Aniseed is used as an aromatic carminative 
in flatulent colic, as a corrigeut for griping, or to cover the 
taste of unpleasant medicines. 
Dose.—20 to 30 minims (1.25—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Aniseed. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
9 
Infusion of Aniseed. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—yi to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
A popular remedy in infantile colic, in doses of one-half to 
one fluid drachm, with sugar (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
Syrup of Aniseed, or Aniseed Cordial. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Alcohol 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms in a tumbler of iced water 
(7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 13. ANGUSTURA BARK. 
The Bark of Galipea Cusparia. 
Natural Order.—Rutacea;. 
Habitat.—Angostura, Northern South America. 
Common Names.—Cusparia Bark, Angostura Bark. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Angosturine, Cusparin. 
The medicinal properties of this bark are those of a stimu- 
lant tonic, and when combined with aromatics, it is valuable in 
bilious intermittent fevers, diarrhoea and dysentery. 
Dose.—15 to 40 minims (0.92—2.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Angustura Bark. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Angustura Bark. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 fluid ounce (30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Angustura Bark. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Angustura Bitters. 
Fluid Extract Angustura 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Gentian 2 fluid drachms (7.50 c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Cascarilla 4 fluid drachms ( 15. c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Cassia 4 fluid drachms ( 15. c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Anise 2 fluid drachms (7.50 c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Caraway 2 fluid drachms (7-5° c- c.) 
Fluid Extract Coriander 2 fluid drachms (7.50 c. c ) 
Cochineal y2 ounce (15. gms.) 
Orange Syrup 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Jamaica Rum 11 fluid ounces (330. c.c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 14. ARBOR VITJE. 
The Leaves and Twigs of Thuja Occidentalis. 
Natural Order.—Coniferae. 
Habitat.—Canada, Northern United States 
Common Names.—White Cedar, Arbor Vitas. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Resin, Thujin. 
The medicinal properties of this article are aromatic, tonic, 
astringent, and alterative, and it is much used by country prac- 
titioners in rheumatic complaints, both internally and externally 
Dose.—y2 to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Arbor Vitae. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Arbor Vitae. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 15. ARECA NUT. 
The Seeds of Areca Catechu. 
Natural Order.—Palmacese. 
Habitat.—East Indies. 
Common Names.—Betel Nut, Areca Nut. 
Active Constituents.—Tannin, Arekane. 
Therapeutically, this drug is strongly astringent. It may 
be used in eases of recent or chronic diarrhoea, in passive MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
11 
hemorrhages, and as a remedy for sore mouth, sore throat, and 
in all cases where a decided astringent tonic effect is desired. 
It has also acquired a reputation for the expulsion of the taenia 
or tape-worm. The nut, contused and mixed with lime and 
the leaves of the palm, called piper betel, constitute the well- 
known masticatory, Betel, used by the natives of India to over- 
come the great relaxation of the bowels caused by their climate. 
Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Areca Nut. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—3 to 8 fluid drachms (11.25—3°- c. c.). 
Infusion of Areca Nut. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Areca Nut. 
Fluid Extract Areca Nut 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Cassia 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Lime Water 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 8 fluid drachms (7.50—30. c. c.). 
No. 16. ARNICA FLOWERS. 
The Flower Heads of Arnica Montana. 
Natural Order.—Compositae, Senecionideae. 
Habitat.—Mountainous districts of Europe, Northwestern America. 
Common Names.—Eeopard’s Bane, Mountain Tobacco. 
Active Constituents.—Arnicine, Resin. 
This may be used therapeutically as a nervine stimulant, 
acting upon the whole nervous system. It is rarely prescribed 
in this country as an internal remedy, being, however, very 
extensively employed externally for sprains, bruises, etc., or 
as an addition to stimulating liniments. 
Dose.—5 to 20 minims (0.30—1.20 c. c.). 12 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Arnica Flowers, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—30 to 50 minims (1.90—3.10 c. c.). 
Infusion of Arnica Flowers. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—As a diaphoretic, to 1 fluid ounce (15.— 
30. c. c.). Useful as a warm fomentation to sprains, bruises, etc. 
Plaster of Arnica Flowers. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Evaporate to a soft extract, and incorporate with resin plaster, 
8 troy ounces (248. gms.). 
Ointment of Arnica Flowers. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces (60. c. c.) 
Evaporate to a soft extract, and incorporate with lard, 1 troy 
ounce (31. gms.). 
Poultice or Cataplasm of Arnica Flowers. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Vinegar 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.l 
Mix and stir well with a warm poultice, made previously of 
slippery-elm bark, rye or flaxseed meal. It is invaluable as an 
application to recent sprains, bruises or rheumatic swellings. 
No. 17. ARNICA ROOT, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Rhizome and Rootlets of Arnica Montana. 
Natural Order.—Compositas, Senecionideae. 
Habitat.—Mountainous districts of Europe, Northwestern America. 
Common Names.—Leopard’s Bane, Mountain Tobacco. 
Active Constituents.—Arnicine, Resin. 
Medicinally, this drug is used as a nervine stimulant, being 
general in its actions. It is one of the new admissions to the 
Pharmacopoeia of 1880 and is intended to supplant the very 
popular preparations of the flowers, and may be used for the 
same purposes, both internally and externally. 
Dose.—5 to 15 minims (0.30—0.92 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
13 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Arnica Root. 
Fluid Extract 1% fluid ounces ( 45. c. c ) 
Dilute Alcohol 14fluid ounces (435. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—10 to 30 minims (0.60—1.90 c. c.). 
Infusion of Arnica Root. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30 c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—]/2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.*). Useful as a 
warm fomentation to sprains, bruises, etc. 
Plaster of Arnica Root. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Evaporate to a soft extract, and incorporate with resin plaster 
8 troy ounces (248. gms.). 
Ointment of Arnica Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces (60. c. c.) 
Evaporate to a soft extract, and incorporate with lard, 1 troy 
ounce gms.). 
Poultice or Cataplasm of Arnica Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Vinegar 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Mix and stir well with a warm poultice, previously made of 
slippery-elm bark, rye or flaxseed meal. It is invaluable as an 
application to recent sprains, bruises, or rheumatic swellings. 
So. 18. AROMATIC. 
Representing in a unique form the Pulvis Aromaticus, U.S. P., 1880. 
(Cassia, Ginger, Cardamom, Nutmegs.) 
Common Name.—Aromatic Powder. 
The medicinal use of this preparation is as a stimulant and 
carminative, in cases of enfeebled digestion with flatulence. It 
is an excellent corrigent and adjuvant to the nauseous bitters, 
and is useful to prevent the griping effects of purgative medicines. 
Dose.—30 to 50 minims (r.90—3.10 c. c.). 14 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Aromatic Syrup. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c .c.) 
Alcohol 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Aromatic or Spice Plaster. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Indian Meal - 16 av. ounces (453.60. gms.) 
Mix thoroughly together, place the mixture in a muslin bag 
and apply warm over the epigastrium. It is invaluable where a 
rubefacient effect is to be maintained for any length of time 
over any part of the body. 
No. 19. ASAF(ETIDA. 
The Gum Resin from Ferula Narlhex. 
(For making the Tincture of Asafoetida, U. S. P., 1880.) 
Natural Order.—Umbelliferse, Orthospermae. 
Habitat.—Persia, Afghanistan, Western Thibet. 
Common Name.—Asafoetida. 
Active Constituents.—Resin (fifty to seventy per cent.), Volatile 
Oil (Sulphuretted). 
(Each fluid ounce [30. c. c.] representing one-half troy ounce [15.5 c. c.] 
of the drug.) 
The well-known medicinal properties of this drug as a stimu- 
lant, antispasmodic, anodyne and expectorant, are often over- 
looked on account of its odor. It is, however, one of the most 
reliable and efficient remedies in cases of hysteria, whooping- 
cough, asthma, and in all nervous disorders of the stomach and 
bowels. 
Dose.—10 to 20 minims (0.60—1.25 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Asafoetida, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 6 fluid ounces (180. c. c.) 
Alcohol io fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
Mixture of Asafoetida, TJ. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract ' ' ' 6 fluid drachms (22.5 e. c.) 
Hot Water 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
M. and agitate well for fifteen or twenty minutes, then strain. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
15 
No. 20. AVENS ROOT. 
The Root of Geum Rivale. 
Natural Order.—Rosaceae, Dryadeae. 
Habitat.—Europe, North America (South to Pennsylvania). 
Common Names.—Water Avens, Purple Avens. 
Active Constituents.—Tannin, Bitter Extractive, Resin. 
Therapeutically, this drug is slightly tonic but powerfully 
astringent. It is useful in chronic or passive hemorrhages, 
diarrhoea, etc., and as an application, in the form of a gargle, to 
sore mouth and throat. 
Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Avens Root. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 3 fluid drachms (3.75—11.25 c- c.). 
Infusion of Avens Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Avens Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 21. BAEL. 
The Dried Half-ripe Fruit of /Egle Maimelos. 
Natural Order.—Aurantiaceae. 
Habitat.—India, Himalaya Mountains. 
Common Names.—Bengal Quince, Bael Fruit. 
Active Constituents.—Tannin, Bitter Extractive, Volatile Oil. 
Tliis drug is endorsed as a valuable astringent and demulcent 
in bowel complaints, it being the favorite remedy with the British 
practitioners in India. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 16 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Bael. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Infusion of Bael. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Bael. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 22. BALMONY. 
The Herb of Chelone Glabra. 
Natural Order.—Scrophulariaceae, 
Habitat.—North America (selecting wet places). 
Common Names.—Turtle-head, Snake-head, Salt Rheum Weed. 
Active Constituent.—Bitter Extractive. 
The medicinal properties of this indigenous drug are tonic 
in small doses, but in larger doses are said to be cathartic ; it is 
also anthelmintic. It is used as a domestic remedy in jaundice, 
hepatic diseases, etc. 
Dose.—to 2 fluid drachms (1.90—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Balmony Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Balmony. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
17 
Syrup of Balmony. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (320. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
Ointment of Balmony. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce (30. c. c.) 
Evaporate over a water bath to a soft consistence and incor- 
porate with a mixture, previously melted together, composed of 
fresh lard, 1 ounce (30. gms.) white wax, X ounce (7.50 gms.). 
M. A useful application for inflamed breasts, tumors, piles, 
and salt rheum. 
No. 23. BALM. 
The Herb of Melissa Officinalis. 
Natural Order.—Labiatse, Satureiese. 
Habitat.—Southern Europe. Cultivated in the United States. 
Common Names.—I.emom Balm, Sweet Balm. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Tannin, Bitter Extractive. 
Therapeutically, this herb is used mainly in domestic prac- 
tice, as a mild nervine stimulant, and, in large draughts, as a 
diaphoretic. 
Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c..) 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Balm. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water . 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
j ' 7 
M. and filter. Dose.—X to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Infusion of Balm. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Hot Water 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid ounces (60.—120. c. c.). 
Syrup of Balm. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 18 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 24. BARBERRY BARK. 
The Bark of the Root of Berberis Vulgaris. 
Natural Order—Berberidaceae. 
Habitat.—Europe, Western Asia, North America. 
Common Name.—Barberry Bark. 
Active Constituents.—Berberine, Vinetine, Oxyacanthine. 
Therapeutically, this drug combines an antiperiodic and 
tonic with a laxative effect. It has been very highly extolled in 
cases of jaundice and other hepatic diseases. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Barberry Bark. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 5 fluid ounces (150. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Barberry Bark. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Barberry Bark. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15 c. c.). 
No. 25. BAYBERRY BARK. 
The Bark of Myrica Cerifera. 
Natural Order.—Myricacese. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—Wax Berry, Wax Myrtle. 
Active Constituents.—Acid Resin, Myricinic Acid. 
The medicinal effects of this drug are tonic and astringent, 
and, in large doses, emetic. In the form of a powder it is used 
locally as a stimulant to indolent ulcers, and in gargles for 
inflammation of the mouth and throat. 
Dose.—y2 to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
19 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Bayberry Bark, 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Bayberry Bark. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Bayberry Bark. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Cataplasm or Poultice of Bayberry Bark. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Hot Water . 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Mix and stir well with a half-pound (240. gms.) of ground 
elm bark, flaxseed or Indian-meal. It is useful as an appli- 
cation in cases of croup, sore throat, etc. 
No. 26. BAY-RUM LEAF. 
The Leaves of Myrcia Acris. 
Natural Order.—Myrtaceae. 
Habitat.—West Indies. 
Common Names.—Bay Leaves, Wild Clove Leaves. 
Active Constituent.—Volatile Oil. 
(For the extemporaneous preparation of Bay-Rum.) 
Below we give two formulae for the production of this popu- 
lar perfume. Formula Number One will make a good ordinary 
and inexpensive Bay-Rum. Formula Ntimber Two will make 
a superior article, having the aroma and appearance of a fine 
imported Bay-Rum. 20 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Spirit Myrcia. 
Formula No. i. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Cologne Spirits 2 pints (960. c. c.) 
Water 2 pints (960. c. c.) 
Mix the extract with one pint (480. c. c.) of the spirits and 
agitate thoroughly; then gradually add the remainder of the 
spirits and water, previously mixed together. Let it stand 
twenty-four hours, occasionally shaking the bottle. 
Formula No. 2. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
New England or St. Croix Rum . . . 1 pint (480. c.c.) 
Cologne Spirits il/2 pints (720. c.c.) 
Water il/i pints (720. c.c.) 
Mix the extract with one pint (480. c. c.) of the spirits and 
agitate thoroughly; then gradually add the remainder of the 
menstruum, previously mixed together. Let it stand twenty- 
four hours, occasionally shaking the bottle. 
No. 27., BEARSFOOT. 
The Root and Leaves of Polymnia Uvedalia. 
Natural Order.—Compositse. . 
Habitat.—Central United States. 
Common Name.—Bearsfoot. 
Active Constituents.—Two Resins (hard and soft). 
The medicinal properties of this drug, internally used, have 
not been specifically determined, yet it is reputed to be tonic, 
alterative, and deobstruent; also, anti-spasmodic and an excel- 
lent anthelmintic. 
Dose.—5 to io minims (0.30—0.60 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Bearsfoot. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
Water 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
21 
Ointment of Bearsfoot. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Evaporate to a soft consistence, then incorporate with lard or 
mutton-suet, four troy ounces (124. gms.). 
No. 28. BELLADONNA LEAVES (Assayed). 
The Selected Leaves of Atropa Belladonna. 
(Contains not less than 0.4 per cent, of natural alkaloid—Atropine.) 
Natural Order.—Solanaceae. 
Habitat.—Britain, Germany. 
Common Name.—Deadly Nightshade. 
Active Constituent.—Atropine. 
In medicine, this article ranks as a powerful narcotic. Our 
fluid extract will be found equally reliable as either the juice or 
solid extract, each cubic centimeter faithfully representing one 
gramme of the dried leaf. It is said to be a specific antidote in 
cases of opium poisoning. 
Antidotes.—In cases of poisoning by Belladonna the anti- 
dotes are an emetic, ten grains Sulphate of Copper, twenty 
grains of Sulphate of Zinc, one ounce of Wine of Ipecac, or 
Hypodermic injection of one-tenth grain Apomorphine. 
Dose.—3 to 5 minims (0.18—0.30 c. c), according to age, 
symptoms and constitution. 
\ 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Belladonna Leaves, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract fluid ounces ( 71.25 c. c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces ( 300. c. c.) 
Water fluid ounces (108.75 c- c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—10 to 20 minims (0.60—1.25 c- c.). 
Infusion of Belladonna Leaves. 
FluidExtract , y/2 fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Hot Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 3 fluid drachms (7.50—11.25 c- c.),. It is 
useful as a wash to sore or inflamed surfaces, or as a vapor 
for inhalation in asthma. 
Syrup of Belladonna Leaves. 
FluidExtract y/2 fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Syrup Wild-Cherry Bark 15 y/2 fluid ounces (465. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y/2 to 1 fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.), as an 
expectorant and anodyne. 22 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Liniment of Belladonna Leaves. 
The Fluid Extract may be used in its full strength in very 
urgent cases, where there is no abrasion of the skin, by satu- 
rating a piece of flax lint, applying to the affected parts, and 
then covering with a piece of oiled silk. In chronic cases of 
neuralgia, rheumatism, sciatica, etc., the following will be found 
to be an invaluable remedy for external use : 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Tincture Iodine 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Soap Liniment 11 fluid ounces (330. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Label distinctly “ Poison—For External Use 
Only.” 
Ointment of Belladonna Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces (60. c. c.) 
Evaporate over a water bath to a soft consistence, and incor- 
porate thoroughly with fresh lard, two troy ounces (62. gins.). 
Plaster of Belladonna Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces (60. c. c.) 
Evaporate to a soft consistence, and incorporate intimately 
over a water bath with Resin Plaster, two troy ounce® (62. gms.). 
Use as a local anodyne. 
Cataplasm or Poultice of Belladonna Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 6 fluid ounces (180. c. c.) 
This is to be intimately mixed with ground elm bark, flax- 
seed, Indian-, rye- or oat-meal, to the proper consistence, and 
applied warm to the inflamed surfaces. 
No. 29. BELLADONNA ROOT (Assayed), TJ. S. P., 1880. 
The Selected Root of Airopa Belladonna. 
(Contains not less than 0.5 per cent, of natural alkaloid—Atropine.) 
Natural Order.—Solanacese. 
Habitat.—Britain, Germany. 
Common Name.—Deadly Nightshade. 
Active Constituent.—Atropine. 
Therapeutically, this root is stronger in narcotic effect than 
the leaves, and may be used in the same cases. It will be found 
equally reliable when added to mixtures as the juice or solid 
extract, each cubic centimeter representing one gramme of 
the dried root. It is also said to be a specific antidote in cases 
of opium poisoning. MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
23 
Antidotes.—In cases of poisoning by Belladonna the anti- 
dotes are an emetic, ten grains Sulphate of Copper, twenty 
grains Sulphate of Zinc, one ounce Wine of Ipecac, or Hypo- 
dermic injections of one-tenth grain Apomorphine. 
Dose.—i to 3 minims (0.06—0.18 c. c.), according to age, 
symptoms, and constitution. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Belladonna Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol . . 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
Water ••.... 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—5 to 10 minims (0.30—0.60 c. c.). 
Infusion of Belladonna Root. 
Fluid Extract fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Hot Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). It is valu- 
able as a wash to sore or inflamed surfaces, or as a vapor for 
inhalation to relieve asthma. 
* 
Syrup of Belladonna Root. 
Fluid Extract . % fluid ounce (7.50 c. c.) 
Syrup of Wild-Cherry Bark 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—to )/2. fluid drachm (0.92—1.90 c. c.), as an 
expectorant and anodyne. 
Liniment of Belladonna Root. 
The Fluid Extract may be used in its full strength in very 
urgent cases, where there is no abrasion of the skin, by satu- 
rating a piece of flax lint, applying to the affected parts, and 
then covering with a piece of oiled silk. In chronic cases of 
neuralgia, rheumatism, sciatica, etc., the following will be found 
to be an excellent remedy for external use : 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Tincture Iodine • 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Soap Einiment 11 fluid ounces (330. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Eabel distinctly “Poison—For External Use 
Only.” 
Ointment of Belladonna Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces (60. c. c.) 
Evaporate over a water bath to a soft consistence, and incor- 
porate thoroughly with fresh lard, two troy ounces (62. gms.). 24 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Plaster of Belladonna Boot. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces (60. c. c.) 
Evaporate to a soft consistence, and incorporate intimately 
over a water bath with resin plaster, two troy ounces (62. 
grammes). 
Cataplasm or Poultice of Belladonna Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 6 fluid ounces (180. c. c.) 
To be intimately mixed with ground elm bark, flaxseed, 
Indian-, rye- or oat-meal, to the proper consistence, and applied 
warm to the inflamed surfaces. 
No. 30. BENZOIN. 
A Balsamic Resin from Styrax Benzoin. 
(For making Tincture of Benzoin, U. S. P., i88qr) 
Natural Order.—Styraceae. 
Habitat.—Sumatra, Java, Siam. 
Common Name.—Benzoin. 
Active Constituent.—Benzoic Acid (twelve to twenty-four percent.). 
(Each fluid ounce [30. c. c.] of this Extract represents one-half troy ounce 
[i5-5 gms.] of the drug.) 
The use of this drug has almost fallen into disuse as a medi- 
cine, unless in combination with other gum resins and used as a 
stimulant and expectorant. It is used principally as an adjunct 
to perfumery, cosmetic lotions, etc., and, from its agreeable 
odor, proves a valuable addition. 
Dose.—10 to 20 minims (0.60—1.25 c. c.), on a lump of sugar 
or iu sweetened water. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Benzoin, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 6 fluid ounces (180. c. c.) 
Alcohol io fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.), on 
a lump of sugar or in sweetened water. MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
25 
No. 31. BENZOIN COMPOUND. 
(For making the Compound Tincture of Benzoin, U. S. P.) 
This preparation represents, in a concentrated form, the 
ingredients entering into the nostrum known as Turlington’s 
Balsam, Jesuit’s Drops, Wade’s Balsam, etc., which is still popu- 
lar in domestic practice, being used as a stimulant and expecto- 
rant in pectoral and chronic catarrhal troubles. It is also used 
locally as a styptic, and as an application to chapped or abraded 
surfaces, sore nipples, etc. 
Dose.—5 to 15 minims (0.30—0.92 c. c.), on a lump of sugar 
or in sweetened water. 
PREPARATION. 
Compound Tincture of Benzoin, U. S. P. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.) on a 
lump of sugar or in sweetened wrater. 
No. 32. BERBERIS AQUIFOLIUM. 
The Root of Berberis Aquifolium. 
Natural Order.—Berberidacese. 
Habitat.—United States of the Rocky Mountains). 
Common Names.—Oregon Grape, Holly-Leaved Barberry, Mahonia. 
Active Constituent.—Berberine. 
This drug is one of the new California products, and is attract- 
ing considerable attention as a powerful tonic and alterative in 
syphilitic, scrofulous, cancerous and cutaneous affections. It 
is also useful in rheumatism, gout, etc. 
Dose.—20 to 40 minims (1.25—2.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Berberis Aquifolium. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 3 fluid drachms (3.75—11.25 c- c.). 26 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Infusion of Berberis Aquifolium. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—]/z to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Berberis Aquifolium. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Wine of Berberis Aquifolium. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 33. BETH ROOT. 
The Root of Trillium Erectum. 
Natural Order.—Liliaeese, Asparagineae. 
Habitat.—United States (in moist situations). 
Common Names.—Groniid Lily, Indian Balm, Cough Root, Birth Root. 
Active Constituents.—Acrid Principle, Resin, Tannin. 
The medicinal virtues are those of an astringent, alterative 
and tonic. It is used mostly in domestic practice, where partu- 
rient effects are ranked among its properties. 
Dose.—i to 3 fluid drachms (3.75—11.25 c- c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
I 
Tincture of Beth Root 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Beth Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Beth Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
27 
No. 34. BITTER ROOT. 
The Root of Apocynum Androsoemifolium. 
Natural Order.—Apocycynaceie. 
Habitat.—North America (Northward). 
Common Names.—Dogsbane, Milkweed. 
Active Constituents.—Resin, Bitter Extractive. 
Therapeutically, this root is possessed of emetic, laxative, 
tonic and alterative properties. 
Dose.—10 to 60 minims (0.60—3.75 c. c.), according to the 
effect desired. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Bitter Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—to 2 fluid drachms (1.90—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Bitter Root. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 35. BITTER SWEET, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Fresh Twigs or Stipules of Solatium Dulcamara. 
Natural Order.—Solanfecese. 
Habitat.—Europe, Naturalized in North America. 
Common Names.—Woody Nightshade, Fever Twig. 
Active Constituents.—Solanine, Dulcamarin. 
Its medicinal properties are feebly narcotic, with a peculiar 
action upon the skin and kidneys; it is also extensively used as 
an anaphrodisiac. _ 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Bitter Sweet. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.— 2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 28 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Infusion of Bitter Sweet. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—]/z to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Bitter Sweet. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Ointment of Bitter Sweet. 
Fluid Extract 6 fluid ounces (180. c. c.) 
Fresh Lard . • • 6 troy ounces (186. c. c.) 
Evaporate to the consistence of thick syrup, and incorporate 
intimately with the lard. It is useful in cutaneous eruptions. 
No. 36. BLACK AIDER. 
The Bark of Prinos Verticillatus. 
Natural Order.—Aquifoliacene. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Names.—Black Alder, Winter Berry. 
Active Constituents.—Extractive matter. 
This drug is said to be tonic, alterative, and astringent. It 
is used both internally and externally as a resolvent in chronic 
cutaneous diseases, its use being confined largely to domestic 
practice. 
Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Black Alder. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Black Alder. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30. to 60. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
29 
No. 37. BLACK COHOSH, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Rhizome and Rootlets of Cimicifuga Racemosa. 
Natural Order.—Ranunculacese, Actseese. 
Habitat.—North America (westward to Kansas). 
Common Names.—Black Snake Root, Rattle Root, Squaw Root. 
Active Constituent.—A resinous amorphous substance. 
The medicinal properties are those of a mild tonic and seda- 
tive. It is extensively used in cases of cholera, epilepsy, whoop- 
ing-cough and rheumatism. 
Dose.—10 minims to yz fluid drachm (0.60—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Black Cohosh, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract fluid ounces (82.50 c. c.) 
Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
Water 1% fluid ounces (37.50 c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 3 fluid drachms (3.75—11.25 c. c.). 
Infusion of Black Cohosh. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Syrup of Black Cohosh. 
Fluid Extract Black Cohosh 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Licorice 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
No. 38. BLACK COHOSH COMPOUND. 
A valuable therapeutical combination, consisting of Black 
Cohosh, Wild-Cherry Bark, Licorice Root and Blood Root; 
representing sedative, expectorant and anti-spasmodic effects. 
It is valuable in asthmatic and nervous coughs. 
Dose.—]/-i to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Syrup of Black Cohosh Compound. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Glycerine 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Syrup 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Mix, and after standing twenty-four hours, strain. 
Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 30 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 39. BLACKBERRY ROOT, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Bark of the Root of Rubus Villosus. 
Natural Order.—Rosaceae, Dryadese. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Name.—Blackberry Root. * 
Active Constituent.—Tannin. 
Medicinally, this may be classified as a tonic and powerful 
astringent. It is useful in all cases of chronic diarrhoea, dysen- 
tery and other bowel complaints of children. 
Dose—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Blackberry Root. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Blackberry Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Wine of Blackberry Root. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Port Wine 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Syrup of Blackberry Root. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
Blackberry Brandy. 
Ripe Blackberries 1 pint (480. c. c.) 
Brandy I pint (480. c. c.) 
Let them stand for three days and express through a flannel 
bag, then add: 
White Sugar 1 pound (480. gins.) 
Fluid Extract Blackberry Root .... 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—]/2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
A valuable domestic remedy for summer complaints, diar- 
rhoea, etc. MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Spiced Syrup of Blackberry Root. 
Fluid Extract Blackberry Root . . . 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Ginger 2 fluid drachms (7.50 c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Cinnamon 2 fluid drachms (7.50 c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Cloves 2 fluid drachms (7.50 c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Brandy • 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y2 fluid ounce (15. c. c.). 
No. 40. BLACK HAW, IT. S. P., 1880. 
The Bark of the Root of Viburnum Prunifolium. 
Natural Order.—Capri foliaceae. 
Habitat.—United States (South). 
Common Name.—Black Haw. 
Active Constituents.—Resin, Viburnin, Valerianic Acid. 
Medicinally, this is used as a nervine, astringent, uterine tonic 
and diuretic. It is said to be valuable in the nervousness of 
pregnancy, in preventing miscarriage, etc. 
Dose.—y2 to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Black Haw. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces (£00. c. c.) 
Water . . . 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Black Haw. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—]/2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Black Haw. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c .c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 32 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 41. BLACK HELLEBORE. 
The Root of Helleborus Niger. 
Natural Order.—Ranunculacese, Helleboreae. 
Habitat.—Southern and Central Europe. 
Common Name.—Christmas Rose. 
Active Constituents.—Helleborin, Resin, Helleborein. 
The medicinal properties place this in the class of emmena- 
gogues. On account of its. powerful hydragogue-cathartic 
effects, its administration must be carefully watched and 
judiciously guarded. 
Dose.—10 to 20 minims (0.60—1.25 c. c,). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Black Hellebore. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 121/2 fluid ounces (375. c. c.) 
Water 1 V2 fluid ounces ( 45. c. c.) 
M. and filter Dose.—20 to 60 minims (1.25—3.75 c. c.). 
Infusion of Black Hellebore. 
Fluid Extract ]/2 fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Hot Water 1 pint (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7-5°—15. c. c.). 
Ointment of Black Hellebore. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces (60. c. c.) 
Evaporate to a soft consistence, and incorporate with fresh 
lard, one troy ounce (31. gms.). 
No. 42. BLACK WALNUT BARK. 
The Bark of Juglans Nigra. 
Natural Order —Juglandaeese. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Name.—Black Walnut. 
Active Constituents.—Resin, Extractive Matter, Tannin. 
The medicinal properties of this drug are laxative and 
alterative, combined with astringency, and it is recommended 
in habitual constipation and dysentery. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
33 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Black Walnut. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Black Walnut. 
Fluid Extract . 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water .14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
No. 43. BLACK WILLOW BARK. 
The Bark of Salix Nigra. 
Natural Order.—Salicacese. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—Black Willow, Pussy Willow. 
Active Constituents.—Tannin, Salicin. 
The value of this drug in medicine is tonic and astringent. 
Recent medical literature asserts that it will cure sterility in the 
female by a specific action upon the reproductive organs. 
Dose.—20 to 60 minims (1.25—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Black Willow Bark. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Black Willow Bark. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
2* 34 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 44. BLACK-WILLOW BUDS. 
The Aments of Salix Nigra. 
Natural Order.—Silacaceae. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Name.—Black-Willow Buds. 
Active Constituents.—Salicine, Tannin, Bitter extractive. 
The medicinal properties of these buds rank as a tonic, anti- 
periodic, and astringent; it is, also, reputed to be valuable in 
cases of gangrene, used locally as well as taken internally. The 
infusion, when drunk freely, is said to be a powerful anaphro- 
disiac, suppressing the venereal desire and is highly recom- 
mended in spermatorrhoea. 
Dose.—to 1 fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Black-Willow Buds. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Black-Willow Buds. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (30.—60. c. c.). 
No. 45. BLOOD ROOT (Assayed), U. S. P., 1880. 
The Fresh Root of Sanguinaria Canadensis. 
Natural Order.—Papaveraceae. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—Red Root, Puccoon Root. 
Active Constituents.—Resins, Sanguinarine, 
(Contains not less than i per cent, of natural alkaloid—Sanguinarine.) 
Therapeutically, this is an invaluable stimulant expectorant, 
with feeble narcotic properties. It is also an acrid emetic and 
should be cautiously prescribed. 
Dose.—io to 15 minims (0.60—0.92 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EX TEA CDS. 
35 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Blood Boot, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 2X fluid ounces (67.50 c. c.) 
Alcohol 12 fluid ounces ( 360. c. c.) 
Water 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—20 to 40 minims (1.25—2.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Blood Boot. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—X to>2 fluid ounce (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Syrup of Blood Boot (Acetic). 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Acetic Acid No. 8 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—]/z to 1 fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. q.). 
Vinegar of Blood Boot. 
Fluid Extract iX fluid ounces ( 52.50 c. c.) 
Dilute Acetic Acid 14X fluid ounces (427.50 c. c.) 
M. and filter. Use externally for cutaneous diseases. 
No. 46. BLUE COHOSH. 
The Rhizome and Rootlets of Caulophyllum Thalictroides. 
Natural Order.—Berberidacese. 
Habitat.—North America (Southern part). 
Common Names.—Squaw Root, Papoose Root. 
Active Constituent.—Resinous extractive. 
The medicinl virtue ascribed to this root is that of an em- 
menagoue, antispasmodic and diuretic. 
Dose.—20 to 40 minims (1.25—2.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Blue Cohosh. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—X to 1 fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 36 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Infusion of Blue Cohosh. 
Fluid Extract . 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Blue Cohosh. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 3 fluid drachms (3.75—11.25 c- c.). 
No. 47. BLUE FLAG, U. S. P„ 1880 
The Fresh Rhizome of Iris Versicolor. 
Natural Order.—Iridaceae. 
Habitat.—North America (swampy places). 
Common Names.—Fleur-de-Lis, Flag Lily, Snake Lily. 
Active Constituent.—Acrid resinous extractive. 
Its medicinal virtues are said to be cholagogue and diuretic, 
with cathartic properties. 
Dose.— l/z to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Blue Flag. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol ii fluid ounces (330. c. c.) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Blue Flag. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Blue Flag. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
37 
No. 48. B0LD0 LEAVES. 
The Leaves of Peumus Boldo. 
Naturae Order.—Monimiacese. 
Habitat.—Chili. 
Common Name.—Boldo Leaf. 
Active Constituents.—Boldine,Volatile Oil, Resin. 
This plant, coming from South America, is highly recom- 
mended as a general tonic in cases where a torpid condition of 
the various organs exists, more especially in cases of hepatic or 
splenic disease ; it is also endorsed as a remedy in rheumatism, 
gout, and dyspepsia. In large doses, it will produce emesis. 
Dose.— 10 to 15 minims (0.60—0.92 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Boldo Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—40 to 60 minims (2.50—3.75 c. c.). 
Infusion of Boldo Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Boldo Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 3 fluid drachms (7.50—11.25 c- c.). 
Wine of Boldo Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 49. BONESET, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Tops and Leaves of Eupatorium. Perfoliatum. 
Natural Order.—Composite, Eupatorese. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—Thorough Wort, Joe Pye. 
Active Constituents.—Eupatorin, Volatile Oil, Resin. 
The medicinal properties represent a tonic, diaphoretic and 
emetic. It will also be found to be a useful adjuvant to the 
usual tonic bitters for indigestion, etc. 
Dose.—Y* to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 38 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
preparations. 
Tincture of Boneset. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 5 fluid ounces (150. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Boneset. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Boneset. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
No. 50. BROOM TOPS. 
The Tops of Sarotkamnus Scoparius. 
Natural Order.—Eeguminosae, Papilionacese. 
Habitat.—Southern and Western Europe. 
Common Names.—Broom Tops, Scotch Brooms. 
Active Constituents.—Scoparin, Sparteine, Volatile Oil. 
This drug is used almost exclusively as a valuable diuretic 
and cathartic in dropsical complaints. 
Dose.— l/i to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Broom Tops. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 fluid drachms (7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Broom Tops. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
39 
Syrup of Broom Tops. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 51. BRYONY. 
The Root of Bryonia Alba and Bryonia Dioica. 
Natural O^der.—Cucurbitacese. 
Habitat.—Central and Southern Europe. 
Common Name.—White Bryony. 
Active Constituent.—Bryonin (a bitter glucoside). 
Tlie medicinal properties of this drug are discutient,—reliev- 
ing chronic inflammation,—emmenagogue, uterine tonic and 
diuretic, but more especially hydragogue-cathartic in dropsical 
cases. 
Dose.—10 to 60 minims (0.60—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Bryony, IT. S. P., 1880. 
FluidExtract fluid ounces ( 41.25c. c.) 
Alcohol 14fluid ounces (438.75 c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—]/2 to 2 fluid drachms (1.90—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Bryony. 
Fluid Extract )/2 fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Wine of Bryony. 
FluidExtract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—]/2 to 2 fluid drachms (1.90—7.50 c. c.). 
Ointment of Bryony. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Evaporate carefully over a water bath to a dense consistence, 
and incorporate with three troy ounces (93. gms.) of fresh lard. 40 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 52. BUCHU (Short), U. S. P., 1880. 
The Leaves of Rarosma Betulina and Barosma Crenulata. 
Natural Order.—Rutacese. 
Habitat.—Southern Africa. 
Common Name.—Short Buchu. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Resin, Rutin. 
This article is well known as a stimulant, diuretic, and 
diaphoretic ; given chiefly in complaints of the urinary organs, 
as irritation of the bladder and urethra, diseases of the prostate, 
and retention or incontinence of urine, also in dyspepsia, chronic 
rheumatism, cutaneous affections and dropsy. It will be 
observed, we make extracts from two varieties, viz: the short 
and the long leaf. The short leaf containing a much larger 
percentage of Volatile Oils, is to be preferred from a therapeutic 
standpoint. The long leaf variety, however, is somewhat richer 
in resin, imparting to the finished extract a bright green color. 
We would recommend the extract prepared from the short leaf 
when the full medicinal effects of the drug are desired. 
Dose.— 1/l to 2 fluid drachms (1.90—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Buchu Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c). 
Infusion of Buchu Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Holland Gin 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Buchu Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
41 
No. 53. BUCHU (Long). 
The Leaves of Barosma Serratifolia. 
Natural Order.—Rutacece. 
Habitat.—Southern Africa. 
Common Name.—Long Buchu. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Resin, Rutin. 
Medicinal properties are the same as short Buchu, but not 
quite so pronounced. 
Dose.—]/2 to 2 fluid drachms (1.90—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Buchu Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 14 fluid ounces (420. q. c.) 
M. and filter Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Buchu Leaves. 
Fluid Extract •. . . . 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Holland Gin 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1/2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Buchu Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
No. 54. BUCHU COMPOUND. 
(Buchu, Juniper Berries, Uva Ursi, Cubebs.) 
Therapeutically, this represents a combination unequalled 
for its peculiar properties as an aromatic, tonic, stimulant and 
diuretic, in hepatic and urinary troubles. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Compound Tincture of Buchu. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.) 42 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Compound Infusion of Buchu. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Compound Syrup of Buchu. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 55. BUCHU AND JUNIPER BERRIES, WITH 
POTASSIUM ACETATE. 
. Fluid Extract Buchu, 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Juniper Berries, 3 fluid ounces (90. c. c.) 
Potassium Acetate, one ounce grs.—28.35 gnis.) 
This combination represents, medicinally, the stimulant, 
diuretic and diaphoretic value of buchu and juniper berries, 
blended with the calmative and deobstruent effects of the alkaline 
salt, and may be used in all diseases of the bladder and kidneys 
—embracing retention or incontinence of urine, inflammation 
of the prostate gland, catarrh of the bladder, etc.,—and when- 
ever a specific tonic influence is required by these organs. It 
may also be used as a remedy in chronic rheumatism, through 
its diaphoretic action upon the skin. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Infusion of Buchu and Juniper Berries, with 
Potassium Acetate. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
No. 56. BUCHTJ AND PAREIRA BRAVA. 
(Equal parts of Buchu and Pareira Brava.) 
This represents an aperient, tonic, diuretic and stimulant, 
and, like tliedhe preceding extract, will be found to be unrivalled 
in points of medicinal virtue in cases of hepatic and urinary 
troubles. 
Dose.—i to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXIF ACTS. 
43 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Buchu and Pareira Brava. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Buchu and Pareira Brava. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Buchu and Pareira Brava. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup . 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 57. BUCK-BEAN. 
The Leaves and Root of Menyanthes Trifoliata. 
Natural Order.—Gentianacese. 
Habitat.—Europe, North America. 
Common Names.—Bog-Bean, Marsh Trefoil. 
Active Constituent.—Menyanthin. 
The medicinal properties of this drug combine its tonic 
properties with that of a cathartic, and when given too freely 
will cause emesis. It is also claimed to be antiscorbutic, hence 
its popularity in scrofula, rheumatism, jaundice and various 
cutaneous affections. 
Dose.—15 to 30 minims (0.92—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Buck-Bean. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Alcohol ' . . 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 5 fluid ounces (150. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Buck-Bean. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 44 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Syrup of Buck-Bean. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
No. 58. BUCKTHORN BARK, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Baik of Rkamnus Frangula. Collected, from the young trunk and 
moderate sized branches and kept at least one year before being 
considered suitable for manufacturing purposes. 
Natural Order.—Rhamnaceae. 
Habitat.—Europe, Northern Asia. 
Common Name.—Buckthorn. 
Active Constituents.—Frangulin, Frangulic Acid, Resin, Bitter 
laxative extractive. 
Therapeutically, this drug represents the combined medicinal 
virtues of a diuretic and hydragogue-cathartic, though in a 
milder degree than the berries, and it may be used in all similar 
cases. It is said to be divested of irritating properties. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Buckthorn Bark. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Buckthorn Bark. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Buckthorn Bark. 
Fluid Extract Buckthorn Bark .... 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Cassia 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 11 fluid ounces (330. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
45 
No. 59. BUCKTHORN BERRIES. 
The Berries of Rhamnus Catharticus. 
Natural Order.—Rhamnacese. 
Habitat.—Europe, Northern Asia, North America. 
Common Name.—Buckthorn Berries. 
Active Constituents.—Rhamno-cathartin, Rhamnin. 
The medicinal virtues are those of an anthelmintic, diuretic 
and hydragogue-cathartic. It has acquired, for the latter effect, 
quite a reputation in domestic practice. 
Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
I 
Tincture of Buckthorn Berries. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Buckthorn Berries. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—]/2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Buckthorn Berries. 
Fluid Extract Buckthorn Berries . . 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Cassia 4 fluid drachms ( 15. c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Caraway 4 fluid drachms ( 15. c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Aniseed 4 fluid drachms ( 15. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—As acathartic, y to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
1 ' 
No. 60. BUGLE WEED. 
The Herb of Lycopus Virginicus. 
Natural Order.—Labiatae, Satureicse. . 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—Paul’s Betony,Green Archangel,Water Horehound. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Tannin, Bitter extractive. 
The medicinal properties are tonic, astringent and feebly 
narcotic. It is said to be useful in pulmonary complaints and 
in arresting hemorrhages. 
Dose.—i to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 46 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Bugle Weed. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Bugle Weed. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Bugle Weed. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 61. BURDOCK ROOT. 
The Root of Lappa Officinalis. 
Natural Order.—Compositae, Cynareae. 
Habitat.—Europe, Naturalized in North America. 
Common Name.—Burdock. 
Active Constituents.—Tannin, Bitter extractive. 
The medicinal virtues are alterative, diaphoretic, diuretic 
and aperient. It is highly recommended in scrofulous, syphil- 
itic, and nephritic affections. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Burdock Root. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Burdock Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.) MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
47 
Syrup of Burdock Root. 
Fluid Extract Burdock 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Sassafras x/2 fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup \21/2 fluid ounces (375. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.) 
No. 62. BURDOCK SEED. 
The Fruit of Lappa Officinalis, or Arctium Lappa. 
Natural Order.—Composite, Cynarese. 
Habitat.—Europe, Naturalized in North America. 
Common Name.—Burdock Seed. 
Active Constituents.—Bitter resinous extractive, Fixed Oil. 
Therapeutically, this drug is highly recommended as a valu- 
able diuretic, diaphoretic and alterative ; also as a tonic and 
stomachic. It is especially endorsed in all chronic skin troubles, 
such as psoriasis, prurigo and acne. As a stomachic, it imparts 
tone to the digestive and assimilative functions. 
Dose.—10 to 30 minims (0.60—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Burdock Seed. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 5 fluid ounces (150. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
No. 63. BUTTERNUT BARK. 
The Inner Bark of the Root of Juglans Cinerea. 
Natural Order.—Juglandacese. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.— White Walnut, Oil Nut. 
Active Constituents.—Nucin, Tannin. 
The medicinal properties are mildly carthartic, without debil- 
itating or irritating the alimentary canal; hence, it is an invalu- 
able agent in habitual constipation and dysentery, and is, also, 
highly recommended in dropsical complaints. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 48 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Butternut Bark. 
Fluid Extract 4fluidounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—■2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Butternut Bark. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Butternut Bark. 
Fluid Extract Butternut 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Cassia 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 11 fluid ounces (330. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 64. CALABAR BEAN (Assayed). 
The Dried Seed of Physostigma Venenosum. 
(Contains not less than 0.15 per cent, of Natural Alkaloids.) 
Natural Order.—Leguminosae, Papilionacese. 
Habitat.—Tropical Western Africa, Old Calabar. 
Common Name.—Ordeal Bean of Calabar. 
Active Constituents.—Physostigmine, Eserine, Calabarine. 
The therapeutical effects of this preparation have not been 
fully determined, but they seem to concern the spinal marrow, 
and the drug has been prescribed in tetanus and in cases of 
strychnia poisoning. The principal use is as a local application 
in contracting the pupils of the eyes, and a very reliable extract 
for that purpose may be made by evaporating a small portion of 
the fluid extract to the consistence of honey, and applying 
with a camel’s-hair pencil. There is no recognized antidote to 
the poisoning by Calabar bean ; one indispensable condition is 
an evacuation of the poison ; for when used as an ordeal among 
the Calabar negroes, those who vomit speedily recover; as to 
other measures, they must be upon general principles, according 
to the symptoms presenting. 
Dose.—1 to 3 minims (0.06—0.18 c. c.) ; it should be given 
cautiously. MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
49 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Calabar Bean, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract fluid ounces ( 41.25 c. c.) 
Alcohol fluid ounces (438.75 c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—10 to 20 minims (0.60—1.25 c. c.). 
cautiously administered. 
No. 65. CALAMUS, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Root of A corns Calamus. 
Natural Order.—Aracese. 
Habitat.—Europe, North America. 
Common Name.—Sweet Flag. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Acorin. 
This drug is used as a stimulant, carminative and aromatic, 
in cases of enfeebled digestion, flatulence and colic. It is also 
used as a corrigent to bitter medicines, serving to correct their 
nauseating and griping tendencies. 
Dose.—10 to 30 minims (0.60—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Calamus. 
Fluid Bxtract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol . •. . . . 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Calamus. 
Fluid Extract y2 fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Hot Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—]/2 to 2 fluid ounces (15.—60. c. c.). 
No. 66. CANADA SNAKE-ROOT. 
The Root of Asarum Canadense. 
Natural Order.—Aristolochiacese. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Name.—Wild Ginger. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Resin, Asarine. 
Medicinally, this is aromatic, stimulant and tonic, possessing, 
also, diaphoretic and diuretic properties, and well calculated to 
serve as an adjuvant to bitter infusions, or mask the taste of 
other nauseous remedies. 
M. Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 50 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Canada Snake-Root. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Canada Snake-Root. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yi to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Canada Snake-Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
CANNABIS INDICA (see Indian-Hemp, Foreign). 
No. 67. CANELLA BARK. 
The Bark of Canella Alba. 
Natural Order.—Cauellacese. 
Habitat.—West Indies. 
Common Name.—White Canella. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Resin, Bitter extractive. 
The medicinal properties are tonic, stimulant and aromatic. 
It is valuable as a remedy in cases of extreme prostration follow- 
ing severe sickness, improving the appetite and imparting a 
sense of warmth to the stomach, whilst serving as a corrective 
of flatulence, colic, nausea, etc. 
Dose.—20 to 60 minims (1.25—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Canella. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 68. CANTHARIDES. 
The Beetle, Cantharis Vesicaloria, or Lytta Vesicatoria, dried. 
Class.—Insecta. 
Order.—Coleoptera. 
Habitat.—Southern and Central Europe. 
Common Name.—Spanish Fly. 
Active Constituent.—Cantharidin (from 0.4 to 0.6 per cent.). 
The effects of this article, when used internally, are those of 
a powerful stimulant having a special tendency to the genital 
and urinary organs. It must, however, be used cautiously, and 
the effects closely watched by the attending physician, as it is 
cumulative in its action and might produce strangury. The 
Fluid Extract should be kept tightly corked, to prevent evapor- 
ation of the ethereal solvent which is essential to hold in perma- 
nent solution the valuable constituents of the drug. 
Antidotes.—In case of poisoning by Cantharides, use emetics 
or stomach pump, followed by castor oil and opium, and emol- 
lient drinks. 
Dose.—1 to 2 minims (0.06—0.12 c. c.) in mucilage or olive oil. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Cantharides, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 5 fluid drachms ( 18.75 c- c0 
Alcohol fluid ounces (461.25 c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—3 to 10 minims (0.18—0.60 c. c.). 
Liniment of Cantharides. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Spirits of Turpentine 7 fluid ounces (210. c. c.) 
M. Use externally as a rubefacient or as an epispastic, by 
saturating a piece of flax lint and covering over with a piece of 
oiled silk. 
Blistering- Liquid. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces (60. c. c.) 
Alcohol .2 fluid ounces (60. c. c.) 
Saturate a piece of flax lint, apply to the part and cover with 
a piece of oiled silk, watching the effects closely. It would be 
well to moisten the parts with acetic acid or vinegar before 
making the application. 52 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 69. CARAWAY SEED. 
The Seeds or Fruit of Carum Carvi. 
Natural Order.—Umbelliferae, Orthospermae. 
Habitat.—Central and Western Asia. 
Common Name.—Caraway Seed. 
Active Constituents.—Five to seven per cent. Volatile Oil, Resin. 
Therapeutically, these half-fruits are used as a stomachic or 
carminative in cases of flatulent colic, etc., but more frequently 
as a corrective to prevent griping or nausea from other medicines. 
Dose.—]/z to 1 fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Caraway Seed. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Syrup of Caraway Seed. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Adults to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). For 
infants, in cases of colic, from 10 to 15 minims (0.60—0.92 c. c.) 
in hot water, forming caraway tea. 
No. 70. CARDAMOM COMPOUND. 
(Cardamom Seeds, Caraway Seeds, Cassia and Cochineal.) 
Medicinally, this is used as a carminative to correct nausea, 
relieve flatulence, and as an adjuvant to overcome the griping 
effects of purgative medicines, or to prevent the sickness conse- 
quent upon the administration of the more nauseous bitters, 
thereby enabling the stomach to retain them. 
Dose.—]/2 to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Compound Tincture of Cardamom, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Honey 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Alcohol 11 fluid ounces (330. c. c.) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
53 
Compound Syrup of Cardamom. 
Fluid Extract V2 fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Alcohol ]/2 fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup. 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 71. CARDAMOM SEEDS. 
The Seeds or Fruit of Elettaria Cardamomum.. 
Natural Order.—Zingiberaceae. 
Habitat.—Malabar, India. 
Common Name.—Cardamom Seeds. 
Active Constituent.—Four to five per cent. Volatile Oil. 
Medicinally, this is highly recommended as a stimulant 
aromatic, forming a valuable addition to tonic or purgative 
medicines, correcting their nauseating or griping properties. 
Dose.—y to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Cardamom Seeds, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract fluid ounces ( 75. c. c.) 
Alcohol fluid ounces (405. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Syrup of Cardamom Seeds. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Alcohol 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup . . • 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—3 to 6 fluid drachms (11.25—22.50 c. c.). 
No. 72. CASCARA SAGRADA. 
The Bark of Rhamnus Purshiana. 
Natural Order.— Rhamnacese. 
Habitat.—Rocky Mountains, Pacific Coast. 
Common Name.—Chittem Bark, Sacred Bark. 
Active Constituents.—Tannin, Yellow principles, Three Resins, 
(Red, Yellow and Brown). 
This bark has colne into vogue as a remedy for habitual 
constipation and other allied affections of the bowels, imparting 
tone and vigor to the intestines and stomach, and thus enabling 
these organs to properly perform their functions. We exercise 54 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
the most scrupulous care in selecting, gathering and curing 
this important drug, exposing the same to a dry atmosphere 
for a period of not less than two years before we consider it 
suitable for manufacturing purposes. This treatment is essential 
to modify those griping properties which characterize the 
immature bark. 
Dose.—]/2 to 2 fluid drachms (1.90—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Cascara Sagrada. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Cassia 2 fluid drachms (7.50 c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Cascara Sagrada. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—]/2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Cascara Sagrada. 
Fluid Extract Cascara 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Cassia 2 fluid drachms (7.50 c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Orange Peel (sweet) . 2 fluid drachms (7.50 c. c.) 
Alcohol 1 y2 fluid ounces ( 45. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 6 fluid drachms (7.50—22.50 c. c.). 
No. 73. CASCARA SAGRADA (MODIFIED). 
(Commercially known as “Non-Bitter or Tasteless Cascara.”) 
This well-known and valuable remedy has acquired a reputa- 
tion as a tonic, laxative and cathartic, and is said to be a specific 
in cases of habitual constipation. We use a very choice and 
selected bark from the Pacific Slope, gathered and cured for our 
special use. We prepare the regular Fluid Extract of Cascara, 
which we more especially endorse as being a better representa- 
tive of the true medicinal value of the drug, but as our patrons 
have desired the so-called “Tasteless Cascara,” we have devised 
a formula,—peculiarly our own, and have styled it 
“The; Modified Cascara Sagrada,” 
retaining all the valuable constituents of the drug in a modified 
form, rendered more palatable and less bitter than the original 
formula. 
Dose.—]/2 to 2 fluid drachms (1.90—7.50 c. c.), to be governed 
by the constitutional idiosyncrasies of the patient. MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
55 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Modified Cascara Sagrada. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Syrup of Modified Cascara Sagrada. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Syrup 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 6 fluid drachms (7.50—22.50 c. c.). 
No. 74. CASCARILLA BARK. 
The Bark of Croton Eleuteria. 
Natural Order.—Euphorbiacese. 
Habitat.—Bahama Islands. 
Common Name.—Cascarilla Bark. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Cascarillin, Resin. 
The medicinal properties are those of a stimulant, tonic and 
aromatic, serving as a valuable corrective when added to the 
more powerful and nauseous bitters. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Cascarilla Bark. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Cascarilla Bark. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Cascarilla Bark. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Alcohol 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 56 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 75. CASSIA. 
The Bark of Cinnamommn Aromalicum. 
Natural Order.—Lauraceas. 
Habitat.—China. 
Common Names.—Cassia, Chinese Cinnamon. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Tannin. 
This drug, known in commerce as “ Chinese Cinnamon,” is 
used as a stimulant and astringent in cases of enfeebled digestion 
accompanied with diarrhoea, but is more frequently used as an 
adjuvant to the nauseous bitters, serving to mask their unpleas- 
ant taste, and thereby preventing nausea, flatulence, etc. 
Dose.—15 to 30 minims (0.92—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Cassia, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Alcohol 21 fluid ounces (630. c. c.) 
Water 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
No. 76. CASTOR-OIL LEAVES. 
The Leaves of Ricinus Communis. 
Natural Order.—Euphorbiaceas. 
Habitat.—East and West Indies, United States (West). 
Common Names.—Castor-Oil Leaves, Palma Christi. 
Active Constituent.—No analysis. 
The medicinal use of these leaves is almost solely as a 
galactogogue for promoting the secretion of milk. They may 
be used with good results, both internally and as an external 
application. They are also laxative in their effects, which is 
often an advantage. 
Dose.—i to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Castor-Oil Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
57 
Infusion of Castor-Oil Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Hot Water 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
M. An admirable mode of applying this thoroughly reliable 
preparation to the breasts of nursing women, for promoting the 
secretion of milk, is by saturating a piece of lint, cut circular, 
and covering with oiled silk, or with a small linen towel or 
napkin. 
The dose for internal use is from to 1 fluid ounce (15.— 
30. c. c.), and this will be found to be a valuable auxiliary to the 
outward application. 
Syrup of Castor-Oil Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). This will 
be found to be a desirable laxative for infants or children. 
No. 77. CASTOR-OIL BEANS. 
The Bean of Ricinus Communis. 
Natural Order.—Euphorbiaceae. 
Habitat.—East and West Indies, United States (West). 
Common Name.—Castor-Oil Beans. 
Active Constituents.—Fixed Oil (forty to fifty per cent.), Ricinin. 
Therapeutically, this preparation should only be used exter- 
nally, and is recommended to be applied to the breasts of nursing 
or lying-in women, to promote the secretion of milk. Internally, 
it should be given with great caution, in doses of 5 to 10minims 
(0.30—-0.60 c. c.), to be repeated until the desired effect is 
produced, as it will sometimes act violently. 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Castor-Oil Beans (Perfumed). 
Fluid Extract Castor-Oil Beans . . . . 6 fluid ounces (180. c. c.) 
Oil Bergamot 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Oil Lavender . . • 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Essence Jasmine 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
M. and filter. This will be found to be an admirable dressing 
for the hair. 58 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 78. CATECHU. 
Extract from the Wood of Acacia Catechu. 
Natural Order.—Eeguminosae, Mimosese. 
Habitat.—East Indies, India. 
Common Names.—Cutch, Terra-Japonica, Catechu. 
Active Constituents.—Catechin, Catechutaunic Acid (fifty per cent). 
(Each fluid ounce [30. c. c.] represents one-half troy ounce [15.5 gms.] 
of the drug.) 
This well-known drug is extensively used in all cases where 
a purely astringent effect is wanted, and is valuable in diarrhoea, 
either local or chronic, in checking uterine hemorrhage, and in 
leucorrhoea, for arresting epistaxis when applied to the nostrils, 
and for hardening spongy or bleeding gums. It is useful in 
overcoming the flaccidity of the throat and larynx, correcting 
the hoarseness and irritation peculiar to this condition of those 
organs. 
Dose.—5 to 30 minims (0.30—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Catechu Compound, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract Catechu .... 4 fluid ounces ( 120. c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Cassia iol/i fluid drachms ( 39.40 c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 10fluid ounces (322.50 c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose. to 2 fluid drachms (1.90—7.50 c. c.). 
Compound Infusion of Catechu. 
Fluid Extract Catechu l/2 fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Cassia 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Hot Water 1 pint (480. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 3 fluid ounces (30.—90. c. c.). 
No. 79. CATNEP. 
The Herb of Nepeta Cataria. 
Natural Order.—Labiatae, Nepeteae. 
Habitat.—Europe, United States (naturalized). 
Common Names.—Catmint, Catnip. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Tannin, Bitter extractive, 
The medicinal properties are tonic, stimulant, diaphoretic 
and carminative. It is not often used in general practice, but is 
a favorite domestic remedy in cases of ameuorrhoea and hysteria 
in females, and in the flatulent colic of infants. 
Dose.—y2 to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
59 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Catnep. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Catnep. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y-2. to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Catnep. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup . . . . ■ 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.), in a little 
warm water, to make, expeditiously, the well-known catnep 
tea, for cases of colic in infants. 
No. 80. CAYENNE. 
The Fruit of Capsicum Fastigiatum. 
Natural Order.—Solanacese. 
Habitat.—South America, East Indies. 
Common Names.—Red Pepper, Bird Pepper, African Pepper. 
Active Constituents.—Capsaicin, Resin, Volatile alkaloid. 
The medicinal properties of this valuable drug are those of 
a powerful stimulant, both internally and externally. It is 
especially useful in cases of enfeebled stomach, attended with 
flatulence or want of tone, and in cases of debility following 
delirium tremens, or in chronic drunkenness. Externally, it is 
an excellent rubefacient or even vesicant, unattended with any 
danger of strangury, and producing only transient irritation. It 
is also useful as a gargle, in combination with salt and vinegar, 
for sore throat, ordinary or malignant. 
Dose.—5 to io minims (0.30—0.60 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Cayenne Pepper, TJ. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract . . . 5 fluid drachms ( 18.75 c. c.) 
Alcohol fluid ounces (461.25 c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—10 to 30 minims (0.60—1.90 c. c.). 60 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Infusion of Cayenne Pepper. 
Fluid Extract ]/2 fluid ounce ( 15. c.c.) 
Hot Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). May be 
used as a gargle. 
Liniment of Cayenne Pepper. 
The fluid extract may be used, where a powerful rubefacient 
or vesicant effect is desired, by saturating a piece of flax lint, 
applying to the part, and covering with oiled silk. In cases of 
rheumatism, or where a continued local irritant is wanted, the 
following will be found useful: 
Fluid Extract Cayenne 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Tincture Camphor 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Oil of Sassafras .1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Soap Liniment 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
M. and filter. For external use only. 
Plaster of Cayenne Pepper. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Evaporate over a water bath to a soft extract, and incorporate 
intimately with resin plaster, eight troy ounces (248. gms.). 
No. 81. CEDRON SEEDS. 
The Seeds of Sitnaba Cedron. 
Natural Order.—Simarubacese. 
Habitat.—South America, New Granada. 
Common Name.—Cedron Seeds. 
Active Constituent.—Cedrin. 
The medicinal properties of this drug are said to be tonic and 
antiperiodic. It is useful in intermittent fever and dyspepsia, 
and is closely allied in therapeutics to quassia, belonging to the 
same natural order. In Central America, it is used as a specific 
for the cure of the bites of poisonous serpents. 
Dose.—5 to 20 minims (0.30 to 1.25 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Cedron Seeds. 
Fluid Extract . 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 5 fluid ounces (150. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Q.Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3-75—7.50 c.c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
61 
Vinegar of Cedron Seeds. 
Fluid Extract xo fluid drachms (37.50 c. c.) 
Distilled Vinegar 15 fluid ounces ( 450. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 82. CELERY SEED. 
The Fruit of Apium Graveolens. 
Natural Order.—Umbelliferae, Orthospermse. 
Habitat.—Levant, Southern Europe. 
Common Name.—Celery Seed. 
Active Constituent.—Volatile Oil. 
These fruits have recently come into notice as a nervine stim- 
ulant, especially adapted to cases of extreme prostration, or loss 
of vitality, due to over excitement of the mind and body. 
Dose.—20 to 40 minims (1.25—2.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Celery. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.) 
Infusion of Celery. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 1 pint (480. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
No. 83. CHAMOMILE (English or Roman). 
The Dried. Double Florets of Anthemis Nobilis. 
Natural Order.—Compositse, Senecionideae. 
Habitat.—Southern and Western Europe. 
Common Names.—Roman or English Chamomile. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Resin, Anthemic Acid 
Therapeutically, this is used as a diaphoretic or mild tonic, 
in cases of enfeebled digestion, or in that languid condition of 
the system so often consequent upon acute disease. 
Dose.—Yz to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 62 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Chamomile Flowers. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol « 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Chamomile Flowers. 
Fluid Extract fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Hot Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—4 to 8 fluid drachms (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Chamomile Flowers. 
Fluid Extract Chamomile 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Cardamom 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 84. CHAMOMILE (German). 
The Flower-Heads of Matricaria Chamomilla. 
Natural Order.—Composites, Senecionideas. 
Habitat.—Europe, Asia, Germany. 
Common Name.—German Chamomile. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Anthemic Acid, Anthemidin, 
Bitter extractive. 
The medicinal virtues of this drug are tonic, stimulant, 
diaphoretic and carminative. In its general therapeutical effects, 
it is similar to the Roman Chamomile. 
Dose.—io to 30 minims (0.60—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of German Chamomile. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 5 fluid ounces (150. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
63 
Infusion of German Chamomile. 
Fluid Extract . ■ Yz fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Hot Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Y* t° 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 85. CHERRY BARK (WILD), TJ. S. P., 1880. 
The Bark of Cerasus Serotina- 
(Prepared from the young Bark collected in the Autumn.) 
Natural Order.—Rosaceae, Amygdaleae. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Name.—Wild-Cherry Bark. 
Active Constituents.—Amygdalin, EJmulsin, Bitter glucoside prin- 
ciple, Tannin, Gallic Acid. 
Medicinally, this is one of our most valuable expectorants, 
tonics and sedatives ; calming nervous excitability, controlling 
the action of the heart, relieving cough, etc. The sedative 
properties of this drug are due to the presence of Hydrocyanic 
Acid which is developed upon treatment with water. We desire 
to direct especial attention to the beauty and elegance of our 
Fluid Extract—possessing unimpaired the full therapeutic prop- 
erties of the bark. It is especially designed for the extempora- 
neous preparation of the U. S. P. syrup. Will combine at once 
with syrup, forming a perfectly clear and bright preparation. 
Dose.—yz to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Wild-Cherry Bark. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Water 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.) 
Syrup of Wild-Cherry Bark, IT. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract . fluid ounces ( 75. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup fluid ounces (405. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
In the extemporaneous preparation of this syrup it is essen- 
tial to use a simple syrup, prepared from the highest grade of 
granulated sugar and of saturated density (fourteen pounds sugar 
to one gallon of water). If the syrup is but partially saturated 
however, precipitation is very apt to ensue. 64 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Infusion of Wild-Cherry Bark. 
Fluid Extract V2 fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Cold Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Wine of Wild-Cherry Bark. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—4 to 8 fluid drachms (15. to 30. c. c.). 
No. 86. CHERRY BARK COMPOUND. 
(Wild-Cherry Bark, Blood Root, Ipecac and Opium.) 
This is a valuable combination, representing in proper pro- 
portions, the full medicinal virtue of each ingredient, forming 
an elegant expectorant, sedative and tonic, which is very useful 
in pectoral affections. 
Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Compound Syrup of Wild-Cherry Bark. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 87. CHESTNUT LEAVES, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Leaves of Caslanea Vesca. 
Natural Order.—Cupuliferae. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Name.—Chestnut Leaves. 
Active Constituents.—Tannin, Mucilaginous extractive. 
This drug has become very popular of late years as a remedy 
for whooping-cough, and judging from the published reports, it 
is certainly worthy the attention of the medical profession. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Chestnut Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol ...••• 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
65 
Infusion of Chestnut Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Chestnut Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 88. CHICORY. 
The Root of Cichorium Inly bus. 
Natural Order.—Composite, Cichoreae. 
Habitat.—Europe, North America. 
Common Names.—Succory, Wild Succory, Chickory. 
Active Constituent.—Bitter extractive. 
This drug, therapeutically, may be ranked with dandelion 
as a diuretic, laxative and cholagogue ; stimulating the functions 
of the liver, promoting digestion and relieving engorgements 
of the spleen. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Infusion of Chicory. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
No. 89. CHIRETTA, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Entire plant, dried, Ophelia Chirata (Annual) collected in Northern India 
when the fruit begins to form. 
Natural Order.—Gentianacese. 
Habitat.—Europe, Northern India. 
Common Name.—Chiretta. 
Active Constituent.—Ophelic Acid, Chiratin. 
The medicinal properties are similar to those of gentian root, 
but it is more bitter and nauseous. Of late, it has been exclu- 
sively used as a cholagogue in derangements of the liver. 
Dose.—Yx to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 66 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Chiretta, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract fluid ounces ( 45. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol fluid ounces (435. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 3 fluid drachms (3.75—11.25 c. c.). 
. Infusion of Chiretta. 
Fluid Extract l/z fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Hot Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—l/t to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Chiretta. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms' (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 90. CINCHONA AROMATIC. 
(Cinchona Calisaya, Calamus, Ginger, and Cardamom Seeds.) 
This combination will be found to represent the valuable 
medicinal properties of Cinchona Calisaya in their natural con- 
dition, unimpaired by heat, and, when united with such valuable 
adjuvants as above, forms one of the best tonic and anti-malarial 
remedies extant. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Aromatic Tincture of Cinchona. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Aromatic Syrup of Cinchona. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
Alcohol 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
67 
Aromatic Elixir of Cinchona. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Brandy 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Orange Syrup 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Aromatic Wine of Cinchona. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 91. CINCHONA, PALE (Assayed). 
The Bark of Cinchona Officinalis. 
(Contains not less than 3 per cent, total Alkaloids.) 
-Natural Order.—Rubiacese, Cinchonese. 
Habitat.—South America. 
Common Names.—Pale Cinchona, Eoxa Bark. 
Active Constituents.—Cinchonine, Cinchonidine, Quinine, 
Quinidine. 
This variety of Cinchona Bark more particularly represents 
the weaker alkaloid (cinchonine), and is sometimes preferred as 
a general tonic in intermittent cases. Although the weakest 
variety of these valuable barks in medicinal properties, it is not 
without its advocates in the profession. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Pale Cinchona. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Pale Cinchona. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.^ 
Elixir Vitriol 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Cold Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 68 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Syrup of Pale Cinchona. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Wine of Pale Cinchona. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—]/z to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 92. CINCHONA, PALE. 
(Detannated.) 
This preparation represents the full alkaloidal value of the 
Eoxa Bark, deprived of its Cincho-tanuic acid by means of 
ferric-hydrate ; and the various salts or solutions of iron may be 
added without precipitation or darkening of the resulting 
preparation, when made from this fluid extract. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
No. 93. CINCHONA, YELLOW, U. S. P., 1880 (Assayed). 
The Bark of Cinchona Calisaya. 
(Conforms to the Alkaloidal standard adopted by the U. S. P., 1880, viz: 
not less than 3 per cent, of total alkaloids, of which at least 
2 per cent, is Quinine.) 
Natural Order.—Rubiaceae, Cinchoneae. 
Habitat.—South America. 
Common Names.—Yellow Cinchona, Calisaya Bark. 
Active Constituents.—Quinine, Quinidine, Cinchonine, Ciuchon- 
. idine. 
This variety of Peruvian Bark contains more Quinine than any 
of the other varieties, and this extract faithfully represents true 
Calisaya Bark, with its valuable alkaloids in their natural con- 
dition (as kinates), uninjured by heat, and held in solution by 
means of inodorous glycerine. Its medicinal properties are too 
widely known to require description here, and can scarcely be 
over-estimated, while as a tonic and febrifuge in intermittent 
cases, it has no equal, and we need not urge the importance of 
physicians using the most reliable and concentrated form for its 
administration. 
Dose.—15 to 60 minims (0.92—3.75 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
69 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Calisaya Bark, TJ. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Calisaya Bark. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Elixir Vitriol • . . 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Cold Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Calisaya Bark. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Wine of Calisaya Bark, 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
Alcohol 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 94. CINCHONA, YELLOW. 
(Detannated.) 
This preparation represents the full alkaloidal value of the 
Yellow or Calisaya Bark, deprived of its Cincho-tannic Acid by 
means of ferric-hydrate, and may be used in combination with 
any of the iron preparations without any precipitation or dark- 
ening of the resulting product, when made from this fluid extract. 
Dose.—15 to 60 minims (0.92—3.75 c. c.). 
No. 95. CINCHONA, RED (Assayed). 
The Bark of Cinchona Succirubra. 
(Conforms to the Alkaloidal standard adopted by the U. S. P., 1880, viz : not 
less than 3 per cent, of total alkaloid of which at least 2 per cent, 
is Quinine.) 
Natural Order.—Rubiacese, Cinchonese. 
Habitat.—South America. 
Common Names.—Red Cinchona, Red Bark. 
Active Constituents.—Quinine, Quinidine, Cinchonine, Cinchon- 
idine. 
This valuable variety of Peruvian Bark contains a full medic- 
inal quantity of both alkaloids (Quinine and Cinchonine), and 70 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
will be found to rival its congeners in activity. The bark is 
carefully selected and assayed, and our mode of preparation 
enables physicians to obtain the full therapeutical effects. 
Dose.—]/z to 1 fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Red Cinchona. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Alcohol : . . . . 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Red Cinchona. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Elixir Vitriol 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Cold Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Red Cinchona. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Wine of Red Cinchona. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 96. CINCHONA, RED. 
(Detannated). 
This preparation represents the full alkaloidal value of the 
Red Cinchona Bark, deprived of its Cincho-tannic acid by means 
of ferric-hydrate, and may be used in combination with any of 
the iron salts or their solutions without precipitation or darken- 
ing of the resulting products, when made from this fluid extract. 
Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 97. CINCHONA COMPOUND. 
(Representing the ingredients of the Compound Tincture of Peruvian Bark, 
commonly called “Huxham’s Tincture.”) 
This preparation represents the above combination in a con- 
centrated form, and physicians who desire to avoid giving alco- 
holic stimulants will find this extract to answer their purpose 
admirably, at the same time affording the full tonic, stimulant 
and febrifuge effect. 
Dose.—]/2 to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Compound Tincture of Cinchona, U. S. P., 1880. 
(Huxham’s Tincture.) 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
Compound Infusion of Cinchona. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Elixir Vitriol 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c. ) 
Cold Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Compound Syrup of Cinchona. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Compound Wine of Cinchona. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Alcohol 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 11 fluid ounces (330. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 98. CINCHONA COMPOUND. 
(Detannated). 
This preparation represents in combination the ingredients 
of Compound Tincture of Cinchona, known as “ Huxham’s 
Tincture,” deprived of their peculiar tannin by means of 72 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
ferric-hydrate, and may be used in combination with any of 
the salts of iron or their solutions, without precipitation or 
darkening of the resulting preparations, when made with this 
fluid extract. 
Dose.—to 1 fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
No. 99. CLEAVERS. 
The Herb of Galium Aparine. 
Natural Order.—Rubiacese, Stellatae. 
Habitat.—Europe, United States (naturalized). 
Common Names.—Goose Grass, Bed Straw, Catchweed. 
Active Constituents.—Tannin, Acidulous extractive. 
The medicinal properties are those of an aperient, diuretic 
and antiscorbutic. It has acquired considerable reputation as a 
domestic remedy in cutaneous diseases, and latterly in diseases 
of the bladder and kidneys. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Cleavers. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Cleavers. 
Fluid Extract . . . • 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Cleavers. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup .... 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 100. CLOVER TOPS. 
The Flower-heads of Trifolium Pratense. 
Natural Order.—Fabacese. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Names.—Red Clover, Clover Hay. 
Active Constituent.—Extractive Volatile Oil, 
Medicinally, this is a diaphoretic, and of late years has come 
into general use as a remedy for whooping-cough. 
Dose.— i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
73 
PREPARATIONS. 
Infusion of Clover Tops. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Clover Tops. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 101. CLOVES. 
The unexpanded Flower-buds of Eugenia Caryophyllata. 
Natural Order.—Myrtacese. 
Habitat.—Molucca Islands. 
Common Name.—Cloves. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil (eighteen per cent.), Resin, 
Caryophyllin. 
The medicinal properties of this drug are those of a general 
stimulant, relieving colic, nausea and flatulence, thereby aiding 
digestion. It is also valuable as an addition, to aromatize 
bitter medicines. 
Dose.—io to 20 minims (0.60—1.25 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Cloves. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Cloves. 
Fluid Extract X fluid ounce (7.50c. c.) 
Hot Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose. to 2 fluid ounces (15.—60. c. c.). 74 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 102. COCA LEAVES (Assayed). 
The Leaves of Erythroxylon Coca. 
(Contains not less than 0.5 per cent, of natural alkaloids, principally Crude 
Cocaine.) 
Natural Order.—Erythroxylaceae. 
Habitat.—Peru, Bolivia. 
Common Name.—Coca Leaves. 
Active Constituents.—Cocaine, Hygrine. 
Therapeutically, this is a nervous excitant,—its effects 
resembling those of tea and coffee,—imparting to the system, 
under extreme physical exertion and fatigue, a vigor and buoy- 
ancy that is surprising. The natives of Peru are said to live for 
days by chewing Coca heaves, mixed with lime. The inhala- 
tion of Nitrite of Amyl is recommended to counteract those 
distressing symptoms which characterize the excessive use of the 
drug or its preparations. 
Dose.—1 to 3 fluid drachms (3.75—11.25 c- c.)» 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Coca Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 6 fluid drachms (7.50—22.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Coca Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Time Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Cold Water 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Coca Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Lime Water 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 11 fluid ounces (330. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
COCCULUS INDICUS (see Fish-Berries). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
75 
No. 103. COFFEE. 
The Seeds of Caffea Arabica. 
Natural Order.—Rubiaceae, Caffeae. 
Habitat.—Southern Arabia, Tropical Africa. Cultivated in Java, 
Mocha, and other tropical countries. 
Common Name.—Coffee. 
Active Constituent.—Caffeine. 
Medicinally, Coffee is used as a cerebral stimulant, overcom- 
ing the lethargic condition following the use of alcohol or opium, 
and after any great mental excitement, severe study, or any 
cause whatever which produces mental or nervous exhaustion. 
Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Infusion of Coffee. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.— 1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.) ad libitum. 
Syrup of Coffee. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 104. COLCHICTJM ROOT (Assayed), U. S. P., 1880. 
The Corm of Colchicum Autumnale, collected about the end of June or early 
in July. 
(Contains not less than 0.5 per cent, of natural alkaloid, Crude Colchicine.) 
Natural Order.—Melanthacese. 
Habitat.—Southern and Central Europe. 
Common Name.—Meadow Saffron. 
Active Constituent.—Colchicine. 
The medicinal properties of this valuable drug are narcotic, 
sedative and diaphoretic. In large doses, it is purgative and 
emetic. Its principal use is in gout and rheumatism, and in the 
former complaint it stands unrivalled. It may also be used 
combined with other purgatives in cases of imperfect action 
of the liver. 
Antidotes.—In case of poisoning by Colchicum, emetics, 
followed by demulcent drinks, and, if coma be present, brandy, 
ammonia, coffee and other powerful stimulants may be given— 
or Hypodermic injection of one-half grain of Morphine. 
Dose.—2 to 5 minims (0.12—0.30 c. c.). 76 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Colchicuni Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 5 fluid ounces (150. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—20 to 30 minims (1.25—1.90 c. c.). 
Wine of Colchicum Root, 17. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract fluid ounces (195. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 91/2 fluid ounces (285. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—15 to 20 minims (0.92—1.25 c. c.). 
Vinegar of Colchicum Root. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Dilute Acetic Acid 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—]/2 to 1 fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
No. 105. COLCHICUM SEEDS (Assayed), 17. S. P., 1880. 
The Seeds, carefully dried, of Colchicuni Aulumnale, gathered about the end 
ofJuly or beginning of A ugust. 
(Contains not less than 0.5 percent, of natural alkaloid, Crude Colchicine.) 
Natural Order.—Melanthaceae. 
Habitat.—Southern and Central Europe. 
Common Name.—Meadow Saffron. 
Active Constituents.—Colchicine, Colchicem. 
The Colchicuni Seeds are not so rich in medicinal proper- 
ties as the root, but are generally regarded as a safer mode of 
administration. In cases of gout, rheumatism and dropsical 
diseases, this extract is invaluable. 
Antidotes.—In case of poisoning by Colchicuni, emetics, 
followed by demulcent drinks, and, if coma be present, brandy, 
ammonia, coffee and other powerful, stimulants may be given— 
or Hypodermic injection of one-half grain of Morphine. 
Dose.—5 to 10 minims (0.30—0.60 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Colchicum Seeds. 
Fluid Extract 2y2 fluid ounces ( 75. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol fluid ounces (405. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—20 to 40 minims (1.25—2.50 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
77 
Wine of Colchicum Seeds, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract fluid ounces ( 75. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine fluid ounces (405. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—20 to 40 minims (1.25—2.50 c. c.). 
No. 106. COLOCYNTH. 
The Fruit of Citrullus Colocynthis, deprived of Seeds. 
Natural Order.—Cucurbitaceie. 
Habitat.—Asia, Africa, Greece, Spain. 
Common Names.—Bitter Apple, Bitter Cucumber. 
Active Constituents.—Resin, Colocynthin. 
Medicinally, this is one of the most powerful drastic-hydra- 
gogue-cathartics we have, and should be used with great caution. 
On account of this effect, it is used in dropsical affections, but 
always combined with other and milder cathartics. 
Dose.—5 to 10 minims (0.30—0.60 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Colocynth. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
Water 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
No. 107. COLOCYNTH COMPOUND. 
Representing the Officinal Compound Extract of Colocynth. 
(Colocynth, Cardamom, Socotrine Aloes, Resin Scammony, Powdered Soap.) 
This extract, by skillful and accurate combination, faithfully 
represents the solid extract, and it will be found as effective, 
being an energetic and safe cathartic. It is mainly employed 
in congestion of the liver or portal circulation, and in obstinate 
constipation. 
Dose.—5 to io minims (0.30—0.60 c. c.), according to the 
effect desired. 78 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 108. COLTSFOOT. 
The Herb of Tussilago Farfara. 
Natural Order.—Compositse, Eupatorieae. 
Habitat.—Europe, United States (naturalized). 
Common Name.—Coltsfoot. 
Active Constituents.—Tannin, Bitter extractive. 
This well-known domestic remedy is said to be expectorant 
and demulcent, and is highly recommended in pulmonary affec- 
tions, and as a tonic and alterative in scrofulous troubles. 
Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Syrup of Coltsfoot. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ouuces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—yi to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Infusion of Coltsfoot. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
No. 109. COLITMBO, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Root of Jateorrhiza Calumba. 
Natural Order.—Menispermaceae. 
Habitat.—Eastern Africa. 
Common Name.—Colombo. 
Active Constituents.—Columbin, Berberine, Columbic Acid. 
The medicinal properties are those of a mild tonic, without 
astringency. It is invaluable in cases of dyspepsia or debility 
succeeding diarrhoea, dysentery, etc. 
Dose.—]/2 to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Columbo, IT. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 1% fluid ounces ( 45. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 14fluid ounces (435. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
79 
Infusion of Columbo. 
Fluid Extract >2 fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Hot Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M., and when cold, filter. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Columbo. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Wine of Columbo. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 110. COMFREY. 
The Root of Symphytum. Officinale. 
Natural Order.—Boraginacese. 
Habitat.—Europe, United States. 
Common Names.—Gum Plant, Healing Herb. 
Active Constituents.—Mucilage, Asparagin. 
Medicinally, this root is a demulcent and tonic-expectorant, 
and is much employed in domestic cough-remedies for chronic 
catarrh, consumption and other pectoral affections. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Comfrey. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Comfrey. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 80 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Syrup of Comfrey. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Wine of Comfrey. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 111. CONDURANGO. 
The Bark of Gonolobus Condurango. 
Natural Order.—Asclepiadaceae. 
Habitat.—Ecuador. 
Common Name.—Condurango Bark. 
Active Constituents.—Tannin, Resin, Bitter extractive. 
The medicinal properties ascribed to this drug as a specific 
in cancerous diseases has been shown by recent medical authori- 
ties to have no foundation. It is, however, a valuable alterative, 
diaphoretic and antiscorbutic in chronic syphilitic and rheu- 
matic cases. 
Dose.—20 to 30 minims (1.25—x.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Condurango Bark. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Condurango Bark. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
81 
No. 112. CONIUM LEAVES (Assayed). 
The select Leaves of Conium Maculatum, gathered in June, when the fruit 
begins to form. 
(Contains not less than 0.6 per cent, of natural alkaloid, Crude Couine.) 
Natural Order.—Unibelliferse Campylospermse. 
Habitat.—Asia and Europe. 
Common Name.—Hemlock Leaves. 
Active Constituent.—Couine. 
Therapeutically, this is anodyne and antispasmodic, a power- 
ful narcotic-sedative, and is equally reliable as the juice or solid 
extract. It allays the cough in bronchitic affections, pertussis 
and phthisis ; it has also been recommended in chorea. 
Antidote.—In case of poisoning by Hemlock, emetics, 
followed by stimulants internal and external, and artificial res- 
piration, long continued, may be employed. 
Dose.—3 to 10 minims (0.18—0.60 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Conium Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol •. . 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—15 to 20 minims (0.92—1.25 c. c.). 
Infusion of Conium Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid drachms (7.50 c. c.) 
Hot Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
Syrup of Conium Leaves. 
Fluid Extract ]/z fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Ointment of Conium Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces (60. c c.) 
Evaporate over a water bath to a soft consistence, and inti- 
mately incorporate with fresh lard, four troy ounces (124. gms.). 82 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Cataplasm or Poultice of Conium Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. e. c.) 
Hot Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Mix with flaxseed-, rye-, Indian- or oat-meal, or ground elm 
bark, to the proper consistence. 
No. 113. CONTUM SEED (Assayed), XT. S. P., 1880. 
The Fr-uit of Conium Maculatum, gathered when fully developed but while 
still green, about July, and carefully dried. 
(Contains not less than 0.6 per cent, of natural alkaloid, Crude Conine.) 
Natural Order.—Umbelliferae, Campylospermae. 
Habitat.—Europe and Asia. 
Common Name.—Hemlock Seed. 
Active Constituents.—Conine, Methylconine, Conydrine. 
The medicinal properties of this article are those of a power- 
ful narcotic-sedative, differing from those of the extract of the 
leaves only in being much stronger. It may be used in all similar 
cases, by reducing the size of the dose. 
Antidote.—In case of poisoning by Hemlock, emetics, 
followed by stimulants internal and external, and artificial res- 
piration, long continued, may be employed. 
Dose.—2 to 5 minims (0.12—0.30 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Conium Seed, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 2y2 fluid ounces ( 75. c. c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water fluid ounces (105. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—10 to 15 minims (0.60—0.92 c. c.). 
Ointment of Conium Seed. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces (60. c. c ) 
Evaporate carefully over a water bath to a soft consistence, and 
incorporate intimately with fresh lard, four troy ounces 
(124. gms.). 
Cataplasm or Poultice of Conium Seed. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Mix with flaxseed-, rye-, Indian or oat-meal, or ground elm 
bark, to the proper consistence. MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
83 
No. 114. CORIANDER SEED. 
The Seeds of Coriandrum Sativum. 
Natural Order.—Umbellifenc, Cselospernise. 
Habitat.—Central Asia, Southern Europe. 
Common Name.—Coriander Seed. 
Active Constituent.—Volatile Oil. 
Medicinally, these seeds will be found to be an invaluable 
aromatic stimulant, and an excellent addition to the more power- 
ful bitters, correcting their nauseous properties. 
Dose.—15 to 30 minims (0.92—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Coriander Seed. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
Syrup of Coriander Seed. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Alcohol 1 fluid ounce ( 30, c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). When 
mixed with a little hot water, this will be found to be an excel- 
lent remedy for colic in infants. 
No. 115. CORN ERGOT. 
A Fungous Growth on Ustilago Maidis. 
Natural Order.—Fungi, iEcidiomycetes. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Names.—Corn Smut, Ergot of Corn. 
Active Constituents.—Secalin, Sclerotic Acid. 
At present, this drug is used and tested as a valuable substi- 
tute for the ergot of rye. We can only speak of its virtues from 
published statements from well-known and authoritative sources. 
The effects upon the uterus seem to be regular or natural, allow- 
ing intervals between the pains of labor, thereby relieving the 
mother of a great deal of suffering, and involving less danger 
to the child. It is also used in cases of amenorrhcea, spermator- 
rhoea, passive hemorrhages, etc., with marked benefit in many 
cases. It has been employed in eczema, psoriasis, and other 
cutaneous affections. 
Dose.—io minims to i fluid drachm (0.60—3.75 c. c.), accord- 
ing to effect desired. 84 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTEA CDS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Corn Ergot. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—-15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Corn Ergot. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Wine of Corn Ergot. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c. j 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
No. 116. CORN SILK. 
The Stigmata of Zea Mays. 
Natural Order.—Graminaceae. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Name.—Corn Silk. 
Active Constituent.—Maizenic Acid. 
Fluid Extract Corn Silk, prepared from the green silk, has 
recently achieved some prominence with the profession, as an 
invaluable anti-nephritic remedy, especially in chronic cases. 
The flattering results attending its administration in dropsical 
affections, certainly contribute much to its well-merited repu- 
tation. Its diuretic properties are also well established and it is 
now recognized as an invaluable remedy in the treatment of 
uric and phosphatic gravel. It is of importance in the prepara- 
tion of this fluid extract that all dried silk be rejected, as the 
value of the drug resides in maizenic acid, the therapeutic 
properties of which are very much impaired through the process 
of drying. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Infusion of Corn Silk. 
'Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid ounces (60.—120. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EX1RACTS. 
85 
Syrup of Corn Silk. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Syrup ' 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 8 fluid drachms (7.50—30. c. c.). 
No. 117. COTO BARK. 
Origin is undetermined. 
Natural Order.—Supposed to be Lauracese or Terebinthaceae. 
Habitat.—Bolivia. 
Common Name.—Coto. 
Active Constituents.—Cotoin, Paracotoin, Ueucotin. 
By recent writers, this drug is said to be useful in the cure of 
diarrhoea in its various stages. It may be employed, also, in 
dysentery, cholera-morbus, colic, etc. It has the advantage of 
being free from any toxic properties, its use not being followed 
by the gastric disturbances that are apt to succeed the adminis- 
tration of opium, camphor, lead, etc. 
Dose.—2 to io minims (0.12—0.60 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Coto Bark. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol • .... 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—20 to 60 minims (1.25—3.75 c. c.). 
Infusion of Coto Bark. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
/ 
Syrup of Coto Bark. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 86 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 118. COTTON-ROOT BARK, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Bark of the Root of Gossypium Herbaceum. 
Natural Order.—Malvaceae. 
Habitat.—Asia, Africa, United States (south, cultivated). 
Common Name.—Cotton-Root Bark. 
Active Constituents.—Yellow Resin, Red Acid Resin. 
This article, as an emmenagogue and stimulant of uterine 
contraction, was first used extensively among the negroes of the 
South, and has gradually gained favor, of late, among the 
mqdical profession. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Cotton-Root Bark. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol .9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Cotton-Root Bark. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y2 to 2 fluid ounces (15.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Cotton-Root Bark. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 119. CRAMP BARK. 
The Bark of Viburnum Opulus. 
Natural Order.—Caprifoliaceae. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Name.—High Cranberry. 
Active Constituents.—Viburnin, Valerianic Acid, Resin. 
Medicinally, this is said to be powerfully antispasmodic, 
relieving cramps and spasms. It has been frequently employed 
with success in puerperal convulsions. 
Dose.—i to 3 fluid drachms (3.75—11.25 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
87 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Cramp Bark. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Cramp Bark. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
No. 120. CRANESBILL, TJ. S. P., 1880. 
The Rhizome of Geranium Maculatum. 
Natural Order.—Geraniacese. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—Crowfoot, Spotted Geranium. 
Active Constituent.—T'ifteen to twenty percent. Tannin. 
Therapeutically, this is a powerful astringent, valuable in 
recent or chronic diarrhoea, dysentery, etc., and as a gargle or 
wash for sore mouth, sore throat, relaxed uvula, and in all pro- 
fuse mucous discharges. 
Dose.—]/2 to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75. c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Cranesbill. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Cranesbill. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30.-c.c-) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y to 2 fluid ounces (15.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Cranesbill. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 88 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 121. CRAWLEY ROOT. 
The Root or Rhizome of the Corallorhiza Odontorhiza. 
Natural Order.—Orchidaceae. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Names.—Coral Root, Dragon’s Claw. 
Active Constituents.—No analysis. 
The therapeutic properties of this drug are those of a 
prompt diaphoretic,—also, sedative, without any stimulating 
effects,—hence, it is valuable in fevers and inflammatory dis- 
eases. Combining its valuable properties, they are tonic, seda- 
tive, diaphoretic and febrifuge. 
Dose.—15 to 30 minims (0.92—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Crawley Root. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol # 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Crawley Root. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15. to 30. c. c.). 
No. 122. CUBEBS, U. S. R, 1880. 
The unripe Fruit of Cubeba Officinalis. 
Natural Order.—Piperacese. 
Habitat.—Java. 
Common Name.—Cubeb Berries. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil (five to fifteen per cent.), Resin , 
Cubebic Acid, Cubebin. 
This article is a powerful stimulant, with a special tendency 
to the urinary organs. 
Dose.—15 to 20 minims (0.92—1.25 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
89 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Cubebs, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract ij4 fluid ounces ( 45. c. c.) 
Alcohol 10yi fluid ounces (315. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Syrup of Cubebs. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Alcohol 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). An excel- 
lent remedy for coughs and diseases of the larynx. 
No. 123. CULVER’S ROOT, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Rhizome of Leptandra Virginica 
Natural Order.—Scrophulariacese. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—Culver’s Physic, Black Root. 
Active Constituents.—Eeptandrin, Resin. 
Therapeutically, this is used as an aperient, cathartic and 
cholagogue, for which it has very justly acquired considerable 
reputation. 
Dose.—to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Culver’s Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol . . . 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 3 fluid drachms (3.75—11.25 c* c.). 
Syrup of Culver’s Root. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 90 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 124. DAMIANA. 
The Leaves and Flowers of Turnera Aphrodtsiaca, or Turnera Microphylla. 
Natural Order.—Turneraceae. 
Habitat.—Mexico. 
Common Name.—Damiana. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Resin, Bitter extractive. 
This article has been highly recommended, in cases of loss 
of the sexual appetite, as an aromatic, stimulant and tonic, 
having a direct and special action on the urino-genital organs. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Damiana. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Damiana. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Damiana. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 6 fluid drachms (7.50—22.50 c. c.). 
No. 125. DANDELION ROOT, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Root of Taraxacum Dens-Leonis. 
Natural Order.—Compositse, Cichoreae. 
Habitat.—Europe, North America. 
Common Name.—Dandelion. 
Active Constituents.—Taraxacin, Resin, Taraxacerin. 
The medicinal properties of this valuable drug are tonic, 
diuretic and aperient, having a special tendency to the hepatic 
organs, and thus acting as a cholagogue in chronic derangements 
of the liver. 
The most essential condition in the selection of this drug is 
to insure its collection at the proper season of the year. It is a 
well recognized fact that a root gathered during the spring is 
quite deficient in those valuable therapeutic properties which MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
91 
have established its well-merited reputation. During the fall, 
however, a gradual change is observed, and its sweet, palatable 
flavor gradually changes to one of intense bitterness. This is 
due to the development of Taraxacin, a bitter principle in which 
its virtue principally resides. Our facilities for the collection and 
curing of this drug are unexcelled, and we exercise the greatest 
precaution to employ only a choice variety of root, gathered 
during the months of November and December. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Dandelion Root. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Dandelion Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Dandelion Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c. ) 
M. Dose.—2 to 6 fluid drachms (7.50—22.50 c. c.). 
No. 126. DANDELION COMPOUND. 
(Dandelion, Mandrake and Conium.) 
This is a valuable combination, representing the cholagogue 
effects of Dandelion, with the cathartic properties of Mandrake, 
and blended with the sedative action of Conium, forming an 
excellent remedy in jaundice, biliary congestion, and in all 
diseases of the hepatic organs. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
No. 127. DANDELION AND SENNA. 
The value of this compound consists in combining the laxa- 
tive effects of Senna with the cholagogue properties of Dande- 
lion, and it will be found to be a very efficient preparation. 
Dose.— '/z to 2 fluid drachms (1.90—7.50 c. c.). 92 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Infusion of Dandelion and Senna. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yi to 1 fluid ounce (15. to 30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Dandelion and Senna. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
• 
No. 128. DEWBERRY. 
The Bark of the Root of Rubus Trivialis. 
Natural Order.—Rosacese, Dryadeae. 
Habitat.—North America (Southern States). 
Common Name.—Dewberry Bark. 
Active Constituent.—Tannin. 
The medicinal uses of this drug may be classed with its 
congener, Blackberry-Root Bark, and is an old domestic remedy 
in all bowel complaints, such as diarrhoea, dysentery, etc. It 
is also tonic, but its main virtue is in its astringency. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Dewberry Root. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Dewberry Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Wine of Dewberry Root. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Port Wine 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EX IE ACTS. 
93 
Syrup of Dewberry Root. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
Dewberry Brandy. 
Ripe Dewberries 1 pint (480. c. c.) 
Brandy 1 pint (480. c. c.) 
Let them stand for three days, and express through a flannel 
bag, then add: 
White Sugar 1 pound (453.60. gms.) 
Fluid Extract Dewberry 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—yi to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). A 
valuable domestic remedy for summer complaints, diarrhoea, etc. 
Spiced Syrup of Dewberry Root. 
Fluid Extract Dewberry 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Ginger 2 fluid drachms (7.50 c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Cinnamon 2 fluid drachms (7.50 c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Cloves 2 fluid drachms (7.50 c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Brandy 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—yi fluid ounce (15. c. c.). 
DIGITALIS (see Fox-Glove). 
No. 129. DOG GRASS, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Rhizome of Triticum Repens, gathered in the spring and deprived of 
Rootlets. 
Natural Order.—Graminaceae. 
Habitat.—Europe, North America. 
Common Names.—Couch Grass, Quickens, Quitch Grass. 
Active Constituents.—Triticin, similar to Inulin, Three Sugars. 
This is an aperient and diuretic, and is a very valuable 
remedy in irritable bladder. 
Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 94 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATION. 
Infusion of Dog Grass. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30. to 60. c. c.). 
No. 130. DOGWOOD BARK, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Bark of the Root of Cornus Florida. 
Natural Order.—Cornacese. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Name.—Dogwood Bark. 
Active Constituents.—Cornin, CornicAcid, Resin, Tannin. 
The medicinal properties of this bark are analogous to those 
of the Peruvian Barks,—combining tonicity with astringency. 
It may be used in intermittent cases, or in low forms of fever. 
Dose.—Yz to 1 fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Dogwood Bark. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Dogwood Bark. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). • 
Syrup of Dogwood Bark. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
95 
No. 131. DUBOISIA. 
The Leaves of Duboisia Myoporoides. 
Natural Order.—Solanacese. 
Habitat.—Australia. 
Common Name.—Duboisia. 
Active Constituents.—Duboisine, Volatile Alkaloid, Resin. 
The medicinal properties of this drug are said to be identical 
with those of Belladonna and Hyoscyamus, ranking as a powerful 
narcotic. Its alkaloid is said to be, in mydriatic effects, 
more prompt in its action than either of its congeners, and 
passes off more quickly. 
Antidotes.—In cases of poisoning by Duboisia the antidotes 
are an emetic ten grains Sulphate of Copper, twenty grains 
Sulphate of Zinc, one ounce of Ipecacuanha Wine-—or Hypoder- 
mic Injection of one-tenth grain Apomorphine. 
Dose.;—1 to 5 minims (0.06—0.30 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Duboisia Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 11 fluid ounces (330. c. c.) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—10 to 20 minims (0.60—1.25 c. c.). 
Ointment of Duboisia Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces (60. c. c.) 
Evaporate over a water bath to a soft consistence, and incor- 
porate thoroughly with fresh lard, two troy ounces (62 gms.). 
No. 132. DWARF ELDER. 
The Bark of the Root of Ar alia Hispida. 
Natural Order.—Araliaceae. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—Wild Elder, Bristle Stem. 
Active Constituents.—Resin, Bitter extractive. 
Medicinally, this is sudorific, alterative and diuretic. It is 
valuable in all renal disorders, in dropsical cases, gravel, reten- 
tion of urine, diseases peculiar to the kidneys, etc. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 96 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Dwarf Elder. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Dwarf Elder. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
No. 133. ELDER BARK (European). 
The Inner Bark of Sambucus Nigra. 
Natural Order.—Caprifoliaceae. 
Habitat.—Northern Europe. 
Common Names.—Black Elder, European Elder. 
Active Constituent.—Resinous extractive. 
The medicinal properties of this drug are those of an emeto- 
hydragogue-cathartic, combining alterative effects in various 
chronic diseases. It is used in dropsical complaints ; also, in 
epilepsy, with marked success. 
Dose.—io to 20 minims (0.60—1.25 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of European Elder. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
Infusion of European Elder. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Wine of European Elder. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
97 
No. 134. ELDER FLOWERS. 
The Flowers of Sambucus Canadensis. 
Natural Order.—Caprifoliaceae. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Name.—Elder Flowers. 
Active Constituents.—Resin, Volatile Oil. 
The medicinal properties of this drug are sudorific and 
gently excitant. Externally, it is used as a discutient in the 
form of poultice, ointment or fomentation. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Infusion of Elder Flowers. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Ointment of Elder Flowers. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces (60. c. c.) 
Evaporate over a water bath to a soft consistence, then incor- 
porate with fresh lard, one troy ounce (31. gms.). 
Cataplasm or Poultice of Elder Flowers. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c. ) 
Hot Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Mix intimately with Indian-, rye- or oat-meal, to the proper 
consistence. 
No. 135. ELECAMPANE. 
The Root of Inula Helenium. 
Natural Order.—Composite, Asteroideae. 
Habitat.—Central and Southern Europe, United States. 
Common Name.—Elecampane. 
Active Constituents.—Resin, Helenin, Inulin, Bitter Extractive. 
This drug,—combining aromatic, stimulant, tonic, and ex- 
pectorant properties,—is valuable in all diseases of the pulmo- 
nary organs, and in cases of enfeebled digestion, torpid liver, 
dyspepsia, etc. 
Dose.—20 to 60 minims (1.25—3.75 c. c.). 98 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Elecampane. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Elecampane. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Elecampane. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—yi to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 136. ERGOT, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Sclerotium of Claviceps Purpurea. 
Natural Order.—Fungi, Ascomycetes, 
Habitat.—England, France, Germany, Spain, Italy. 
Common Names.—Spurred Rye, Mutter Korn. 
Active Constituents.—Sclerotic Acid, Scleromucin, Trimethyla- 
mine. 
This is one of our most important extracts, and is made from 
a carefully selected drug. In consequence of the conflicting 
opinions existing in the profession, regarding the identification 
of its active constituents, we have deemed it inexpedient to adopt 
a definite method of assay—as in our opinion such a course would 
prove confusing and devoid of practical results. It is the custom 
of some of our manufacturers to avail themselves of the insolu- 
bility of the sclerotates in strong alcohol and thus establish a 
standard on this basis. We cannot endorse this method, however, 
as in our opinion important constituents are held in solution that 
contribute largely to the therapeutic activity of this drug. 
Having handled Ergot extensively for a number of years, we 
much prefer to be governed in its selection by its well-known 
physical characteristics. 
In the manufacture of the fluid extract, we exercise the most 
scrupulous care in every detail of the operation, and the standard 
of the U. S. P. (i c. c. representing i gm. of the drug) is faith- 
fully maintained. As we do not employ heat, the addition of acid 
is superfluous, as its purpose is simply to fix the alkaloids during 
evaporation and render them non-volatile. This fluid extract MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
99 
will be found to possess, unimpaired, the therapeutic properties 
of the freshly powdered drug, and to promptly respond to the 
pharmacopoeia! test. The properties of Ergot as an enimen- 
agogue, and its contractile power upon the uterus, have been 
too long established to allow of any dispute as to its rank in 
medicine. DO 
As this Extract is free from acid, physicians will find it an 
admirable preparation for hypodermic injections. If too dense, 
it may be diluted with wTater. 
Dose.—10 minims to 1 fluid drachm (0.60—3.75 c. c.), accord- 
ing to the judgment of the attending physician. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Ergot. 
Fluid Extract . 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Ergot. 
Fluid Extract x/2 fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Hot Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Wine of Ergot. 
Fluid Extract ix/2 fluid ounces ( 75. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine fluid ounces (405. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
> No. 137. EUCALYPTUS, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Leaves of Eucalyptus Globulus. 
Natural Order.—Myrtacese. 
Habitat.—Australia. 
Common Names.—Fever Tree, Blue Gum, 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Crystallizable Resin. 
This article, according to recent high authorities, is a remedy 
of great value. It belongs to an order of plants from which 
various aromatics are derived,—cloves, allspice, etc. Its thera- 
peutical properties are diaphoretic, febrifuge, tonic and astrin- 
gent. It has been highly recommended as a specific for 
malarial poisoning in its many forms, and is said to control the 
tendency to night sweats. It has been used successfully in 
chronic diarrhoea and dysentery. Locally, it is employed as a 
disinfecting lotion for wounds, ulcers, etc., and for vaginal 
injection. 
Dose.—15 minims to x fluid drachm (0.92—3.75 c. c.). 100 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Eucalyptus. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.l 
Water 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Eucalyptus. 
Fluid Extract . 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—]/2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Eucalyptus. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Alcohol 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup • • 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Cataplasm or Poultice of Eucalyptus. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Mix intimately with one pound (453.60 gms.) of flaxseed-, In- 
dian-, rye- or oat-meal, and then, with hot water, form a poultice 
of a soft consistence. 
Ointment of Eucalyptus. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces (60. c. c.) 
Evaporate to a soft consistence, and incorporate with fresh 
lard, one troy ounce (31. gms.). 
No. 138. EUPHORBIA PILULIFERA. 
The Plants of Euphorbia Pilulifera. 
Natural Order.—Euphorbiaeeae. 
Habitat.—Australia. 
Common Name.—Euphorbia. 
Active Constituents.—Acrid resinous extractive. 
The medicinal properties of this drug are reported to be 
those of a stimulant, tonic and alterative, having a specific 
action upon the respiratory organs, relieving asthma, bronchitis MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
and cardiacal dyspnoea,—not as an expectorant, but similar in 
its effects to iodide of potassium, controlling the symptoms by 
a distinct alterative action upon the respiratory tract. 
Dose.—10 to 30 minims (0.60—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Euphorbia. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
Infusion of Euphorbia. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 139. EVENING PRIMROSE. 
The Plants of (Pnothera Biennis. 
Natural Order.—Onagracese. 
Habitat.—North America, Europe. 
Common Name.—Evening Primrose. 
Active Constituents.—Mucilage, Tannin. 
This plant has acquired a reputation as a nerve tonic, acting 
upon the nerves of the stomach. It is especially valuable in 
asthmatic, laryngeal, or pulmonary disorders, arising from or 
associated with gastric irritability. 
Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Evening Primrose. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Evening Primrose. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 102 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Syrup of Evening Primrose. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Alcohol 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup ' * * . . 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 140. FALSE UNICORN ROOT. 
The Root of Helonias Dioica, or Chamcelirium Luteum. 
Natural Order.—Liliaceae, Melanthieae. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—Starwort, Devil’s Bit. 
Active Constituents.—Yellow glucoside, Chamselirin. 
Therapeutically, this root is a sialagogue, diuretic and 
uterine tonic,—more especially the latter,—relieving tendency 
to leucorrhcea, amenorrhoea, resolving all abnormal engorge- 
ments, and at the same time imparting tonicity to the uterus 
and reproductive organs of the female. 
Dose.—10 to 30 minims (0.60—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of False Unicorn Root. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
Infusion of False Unicom Root. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
No. 141. FENNEL SEED. 
The Fruit of Fceniculum Vulgare. 
Natural Order.—Umbelliferae, Orthosperm ae. 
Habitat.—Levant, Southern Europe. 
Common Name.—Fennel Seed. 
Active Constituent.—Volatile Oil (two to six per cent.). 
Medicinally, these seeds are used as a stomachic carminative 
in flatulent colic., etc., but more generally used to flavor and as 
a corrective addition to the nauseous bitters and purgative 
remedies, to prevent griping and nausea. 
Dose.—15 to 30 minims (0.92—1.90 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Fennel Seed. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Syrup of Fennel Seed. 
Fluid Extract . . . 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Adults, to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). For 
infants, in cases of colic, from 10 to 15 minims (0.60—0.92 c. c.) 
in one to two ounces (30.—60. c. c.) hot water, forming fennel tea. 
No. 142. FISH BERRIES. 
(Cocculus INDICUS.) 
The Berries of Anamirta Cocculus, or Cocculus Indicus. 
Natural Order.—Menispermacese. 
Habitat.—East Indies. 
Common Name.—Fish Berry. 
Active Constituent.—Picrotoxin. 
Therapeutically, this drug is an acrid narcotic poison, and is 
very rarely used for internal administration. Its principal use 
is for tinea capitis, and for destroying lice or vermin in the hair. 
It derives its name from the fact that when thrown into the 
water it will stupefy the fish (which are then easily taken) 
without, however, rendering the meat poisonous. 
Antidote.—Chloral and Picrotoxin are mutually antagonistic. 
Dose.—i to 2 minims (0.06—0.12 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Fish Berries. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 5 minims (0.12—0.30 c. c.) cau- 
tiously administered. It is more frequently used as a parasiticide 
than for internal administration. 104 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Ointment of Fish Berries. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces (60. c. c.) 
Evaporate over a water bath to a thick consistence, then 
incorporate intimately with lard, 3 troy ounces (93. gms.). 
N. B.—All of these preparations should be used cautiously 
when applied externally, as there is danger of the poisonous 
effects when there is any abrasion of the skin. 
No. 143. FIVE-FLOWERED GENTIAN. 
The Plant of Gentiana Quinqueflora. 
Natural Order.—Gentianacese. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Name.—Gall Weed. 
Active Constituents.—No analysis. 
Medicinally, this ranks with its various congeners, in all 
diseases of the stomach and liver,—relieving dyspepsia, jaundice, 
hepatic torpor, etc. It is of great value in splenitic troubles. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Five-Flowered Gentian. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 144. FLEABANE. 
The Tops and leaves of Erigeron Canadense. 
Natural Order.—Composite, Asteroideae. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—Fleabane, Scabions. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Bitter extractive. 
The medicinal virtues are those of a diuretic, tonic and 
astringent. It is useful as a domestic remedy in diarrhoea and 
dropsical complaints, and has also been recently regarded as a 
valuable agent in arresting uterine hemorrhage. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EX TEA CDS. 
105 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Fleabane. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Fleabane. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Fleabane. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 145. FOX GLOVE (Assayed.), TJ. S. P., 1880. 
(Digitalis.) 
The carefully dried. Leaves* of Digitalis Purpurea, gathered from plants of 
the second year's growth when about two-thirds of the flowers are expanded. 
Natural Order.—Scrophulariacese. 
Habitat.—Europe. 
Common Name.—Fox Glove 
Active Constituents.—Digitalin, Resin. 
This Fluid Extract is prepared from a selected green leaf, 
carefully gathered and separated from all inferior and foreign 
matter. It is exhausted with a seventy-five per cent, alcoholic 
menstruum, and faithfully represents the original drug in all its 
therapeutic properties. In view of the absence of any definite 
alkaloid in this drug we are obliged to base the standard upon 
the yield of active extractive matter, which in this case will 
not fall below twenty-five per cent. Its medicinal properties are 
sedative, narcotic and diuretic, but its more general use is to 
control the action of the heart, being for this purpose one of 
our most reliable remedies. 
Dose.—2 to 5 minims (0.12—0.30 c. c.). 106 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Fox Glove, TJ. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—10 to 20 minims (0.60—1.25 c. c.). 
Infusion of Fox Glove. 
(Known as Withering’s Infusion.) 
Fluid Extract Digitalis 2 fluid drachms (7.50 c. c.) 
Tincture of Cinnamon 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c.c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Syrup of Fox Glove. 
Fluid Extract Digitalis y2 fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Tincture of Cinnamon ]/2 fluid ounce ( 15. c.c.) 
Simple Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. fc.) 
M. Dose.—20 to 60 minims (1.25—3.75 c. c.). 
No. 146. FRINGE-TREE BARK. 
The Bark of the Root of Chionanthus Virginica. 
Natural Order.—Oleacese. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Names.—Old Man’s Beard, Poison Ash. 
Active Constituent.—Extractive. 
This article combines the properties of an aperient, altera- 
tive, diuretic and feeble narcotic. It is said to be useful in 
bilious and typhoid fevers, as well as in obstinate intermittents, 
and also forms an excellent tonic during convalescence from 
exhaustive diseases. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Fringe-Tree Bark. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
107 
Infusion of Fringe-Tree Bark. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
Dose.—yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Fringe-Tree Bark. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 147. FROSTWORT. 
The Herb of Helianthemum Canadense. 
Natural Order.—Cistacese. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—Frost Weed, Rock Rose. 
Active Constituents.—Tannin, Bitter Extractive. 
Therapeutically, this herb is said to possess valuable alter- 
ative, tonic and astringent properties, and is used extensively 
in scrofulous and syphilitic affections. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Frostwort. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Frostwort. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Frostwort. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 108 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 148. GALANGAL. 
The Rhizome of Alpinia Officinarum. 
Natural Order.—Zingiberacese. 
Habitat.—East Indies, Isle of Hainan, China. 
Common Names.—Colic Root, East India Root, Galangal. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Acrid resin Kaempherid. 
Therapeutically, this drug is a stimulant aromatic. It is 
useful in aiding digestion and removing flatus, and may be used 
as a tonic in weak or debilitated stomach troubles. 
Dose.—10 to 30 minims (0.60—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Galangal. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 11 fluid ounces (330. c. c.) 
Water 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
Syrup of Galangal. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 149. GALLS. 
The Excrescences on Quercus Infectoria. 
Natural Order.—Cupuliferse. 
Habitat.—Levant. 
Common Name.—Nut Galls. 
Active Constituents.—Tannin (fifty to sixty per cent.), Gallic Acid 
(two to five per cent.). 
This extract is made from Aleppo Galls. The medicinal 
properties are those of an astringent. It is useful in cases of 
chronic diarrhoea and dysentery, and as an addition to lotions, 
gargles, etc. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Galls, TJ. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to3 fluid drachms (3.75—11.25 c- c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
109 
Infusion of Galls. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Galls. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Aromatic Syrup of Galls. 
Fluid Extract Galls 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Cassia fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Nutmegs l/2 fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Brandy 6 fluid ounces (180. c. c.) 
Sugar 2 troy ounces ( 62. gms.) 
Suspend the sugar on a slip of wire gauze, over the above 
mixture in a shallow vessel, and set the mixture on fire. The 
sugar will melt and fall into the liquid below, and when com- 
bustion ceases, agitate and filter. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Ointment of Galls. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce (30. c. c.) 
Evaporate to a soft consistence, and mix intimately with 
fresh lard, one troy ounce (31. gms.). 
Compound Ointment of Galls. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce (30. c. c.) 
Powdered Opium 30 grains (1.95 gms.) 
Mix and evaporate to a soft consistence, and incorporate with 
fresh lard, one troy ounce (31. gms.). 
No. 150. GARLIC. 
The Cormus or Bulb of Allium Sativum. 
Natural Order.—Liliaceae, Liliese. 
Habitat.—Southern Europe, North America. 
Common Name.—Garlic. 
Active Constituents.—Mucilage, Albumen, Volatile Oil (Sulphu- 
retted). 
(Each fluid ounce [30. c. c.] represents one-half troy ounce [15.5 gms.] 
of the drug.) 
Therapeutically, this drug is a general stimulant, promotes 
expectoration, produces diaphoresis or diuresis, and is also a 
stomachic tonic and carminative. Externally applied, it is an 110 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
irritant and rubefacient, and, in infantile fevers, when bruised 
and applied as a poultice to wrists and ankles, will act as a 
revulsive, by quieting restlessness and producing sleep. 
Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Syrup of Garlic. 
Fluid Extract 7 fluid ounces (210. c. c.) 
Syrup 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
GELSEMIUM (see Yellow Jasmine). 
No. 151. GENTIAN, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Root of Gentiana Lutea. 
Natural Order.—Gentianaceae. 
Habitat.—Central and Southern Europe. 
Common Name.—Yellow Gentian. 
Active Constituents.—Gentiopicrin, Gentisic Acid. 
The medicinal properties are those of the simple bitters,— 
highly tonic in cases of enfeebled digestion, exciting the appetite, 
and overcoming the languor succeeding acute disease. 
Dose.—y2 to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Gentian. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol • . . . 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Gentian. 
v 
Fluid Extract y2 fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Hot Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Compound Infusion of Gentian. 
Fluid Extract Gentian y2 fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Bitter Orange-Peel . . 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Coriander 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Alcohol il/2 fluid ounces ( 45. c. c.) 
Water ... • 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—x/2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Syrup of Gentian. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 152. GENTIAN COMPOUND. 
(Representing the ingredients of the Compound Tincture of Gentian, 
U. S. P., commonly called Wine Bitters.) 
This preparation combines the virtue of Gentian with aro- 
matics, thereby preventing the nausea incidental to the use of 
this and other powerful tonic bitters. 
Dose.—yi to 1 fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Compound Tincture of Gentian, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract fluid ounces ( 52.50 c. c.) 
Alcohol 9X fluid ounces (277.50 c. c.) 
Water 5 fluid ounces ( 150. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
No. 153. GENTIAN COMPOUND. 
(Representing the ingredients of the Compound Infusion of Gentian, 
' U. S. P., 1870.) 
This desirable preparation combines the valuable medicinal 
properties of Gentian Root with aromatics, and represents the 
tonic effects of this drug. When diluted and used as an infusion, 
the excessive use of alcohol is avoided. 
Dose.—]/2 to 1 fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Compound Infusion of Gentian, U. S. P., 1870. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Alcohol 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Water 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 fluid ounce (30. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
112 
No. 154. GILLENIA. 
The Root of Gillenia Trifoliata. 
Natural Order.—Rosaceae. 
Habitat.—United States (West and South). 
Common Names.—American Ipecac, Indian Physic. 
Active Constituents.—Gillenin, Resin, Tannin. 
The medicinal properties of this drug closely resemble Ipecac, 
and it may be used as a safe substitute, combining emeto'-cathartic 
properties with those of a diaphoretic, and in small doses as 
a tonic. 
Dose.—i to 30 minims (0.06—1.90 c. c.), according to the 
effect desired. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Gillenia. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 5 fluid ounces (150. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—20 to 80 minims (1.25—5. c. c.), accord- 
ing to the effect desired. 
Wine of Gillenia. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—to 4 fluid drachms (1.90—15. c. c.), 
according to the effect desired. 
Syrup of Gillenia. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—15 minims to 4 fluid drachms (0.92—15. c. c.), 
according to the effect desired. 
No. 155. GINGER, JAMAICA, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Rhizome of Zingiber Officinale. 
Natural Order.—Zingiberaeeae. t 
Habitat.—India, Tropical Countries. 
Common Name.—Jamaica Ginger. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Gingerol, Resin, 
In the manufacture of this Fluid Extract we employ only the 
choicest variety of unbleached Jamaica—rich in resin and freed MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
113 
from all fibrous and inferior roots, with which it is frequently 
associated. As a stimulant, aromatic and carminative, it ranks 
as one of the most valuable, and is extensively used. 
Dose.—5 to 40 minims (0.30—2.50 c. c.), in sugar and water. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Ginger, U. S. P., 1880. 
• 
Fluid Extract fluid ounces ( 82.50c. c.) 
Alcohol 13X fluid ounces (397.50 c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—40 to 60 minims (2.50—3.75 c. c.). 
Infusion of Ginger. 
Fluid Extract l/2 fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Hot Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Ginger. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—]/2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.), in a wineglass 
of cold water. 
No. 156. GINGER, SOLUBLE. 
(For Making Syrupus Zingiberis, TJ. S. P., 1880). 
This Fluid Extract is prepared solely for the above purpose, 
and is miscible with either alcohol, syrup or water, forming a 
clear mixture. For the true and full medicinal effects of the 
piperoid principles of Ginger, we recommend the officinal 
Fluid Extract (See No. 155, preceding article). 
Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
, Syrup of Ginger, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract i fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 114 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 157. GINGER, JAMAICA (Soluble Aromatic). 
(For making Ginger Ale.) 
This Fluid Extract is prepared for the above purpose, and is 
miscible with either alcohol, syrup or water, forming a clear 
mixture, combining the pungency of the best Jamaica Ginger 
with the aroma of the lemon, orange and vanilla, producing a 
mixture that is pleasant to the taste, and when used at the soda 
water fountain, as a syrup, will produce an extemporaneous 
Ginger Ale equal to the imported. • 
PREPARATION. 
Ginger Ale Syrup. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Use Ad Libitum. 
No. 158. GINGER, AFRICAN. 
The Root of Amomum Zingiber. 
Natural Order.—Zingiberacese. 
Habitat.—East indies, Africa. 
Common Names.—Black or African Ginger, East India Ginger. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Resinous Extractive. 
The medicinal properties of this valuable drug, as a stimulant, 
aromatic and carminative, are well known. We have added this 
variety of Ginger to our list from the repeated demands of a 
number of our customers who desire a preparation that will 
insure a dark-colored tincture. To secure this, we would recom- 
mend a mixture of one-third of our Fluid Extract Jamaica Ginger 
with two-thirds of the Fluid Extract African Ginger, which 
combination will yield a dark-colored as well as a pungent prepar- 
ation. This is said to be the usual Commercial Fluid Extract of 
Ginger. We, however, prefer to sell them as distinctive pre- 
parations, and under all circumstances recommend the Jamaica 
Ginger as a better representative, medicinally, of this popular 
drug, but will leave to the good judgment of our customers the 
selection of either variety. 
Dose.—20 to 40 minims (1.25—2.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of African Ginger. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Alcohol 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
115 
Infusion of African Ginger. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of African Ginger. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—yi to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.), in a wineglass- 
ful of cold water. 
No. 159. GINSENG. 
The Root of Panax Quinquefolium. 
Natural Order.—Araliaceae. 
Habitat.—North America (Georgia, Tennessee). 
Common Name.—Ginseng. 
Active Constituents.—Panaquilon, Resin. 
The medicinal properties of this drag are those of an aromatic 
stimulant. It is useful in cases of dyspepsia, mental debility 
and flatulent colic. The Chinese consider it a general panacea 
for all ailments, and claim for it special aphrodisiacal virtues. 
Dose.—20 to 60 minims (1.25—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Ginseng. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Ginseng. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water . . 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 116 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 160. GOLD THREAD. 
The Rhizome, with Rootlets, of Coptis Trifolia. 
Natural Order.—Ranunculaceae, Aconitese. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Name.—Gold Thread. 
Active Constituents.—Berberine, Coptine. 
This root is a simple bitter, devoid of astringency, and is 
applicable to all cases where a purely tonic effect is desired. 
Dose.—Yz to 1 fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Gold Thread. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Gold Thread. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Y& to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Gold Thread. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 161. GOLDEN ROD. 
The Leaves of Solidago Odora. 
Natural Order.—Compositse, Asteroidese. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Name.—Golden Rod. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil. 
This drug is aromatic, stimulant and carminative, and also 
diaphoretic when given in warm infusion. It is useful in cases 
of flatulent colic and nausea, and is a valuable vehicle to cover 
the taste of unpleasant remedies. 
Dose.—yz to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EX TRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Golden Rod. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Golden Rod. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol . . . 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Golden Rod. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 162. GOLDEN SEAL, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Rhizome and Rootlets of Hydrastis Canadensis. 
Natural Order.—Ranunculaceae, Actseese. 
Habitat.—North America (West to Missouri and Arkansas). 
Common Names.—Yellow Root, Orange Root, Yellow Puccoon. 
Active Constituents.—Berberine, Hydrastine, Resin. 
The medicinal virtues of this article are not, as yet, definitely 
settled. It is said to be a tonic, alterative and cholagogue, and 
is useful in intermittents. It is also used as an addition to injec- 
tions in cases of leucorrhoea, gonorrhoea, vaginitis, pruritis, etc. 
Dose.—io to 30 minims (o.6o-—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Golden Seal, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—]/2 to 1 fluid drachm (1,90—3.75 c. c.). 118 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Infusion of Golden Seal. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Useful as a wash for indolent tumors or ulcers. 
Syrup of Golden Seal. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Injection of Golden Seal. 
Fluid Extract Golden Seal 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Zinci Acetas 80 grains (5.20 gms.) 
Plumbi Acetas 80 grains (5.20 gms.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
Useful as a lotion or as an injection. 
No. 163. GOLDEN SEAL (without Alcohol). 
(Hydrastis Aqukous.) 
This Fluid Extract is prepared so as to render it miscible with 
alcohol, syrup, wine or water, and may be used for the same 
purposes, therapeutically, as the preceding fluid extract, which 
is made in accordance with the U. S. P. 
Dose.—io to 40 minims (0.60—2.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Wine of Golden Seal. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Syrup of Golden Seal. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
119 
Infusion of Golden Seal. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). It may be 
used externally as a wash, or as an injection. 
No. 164. GRAINS OF PARADISE. 
The Seeds of A mo mum Granum Paradisi, and Amomum Melegueta. 
Natural Order.—Zingiberacese. 
Habitat.—Western Africa. 
Common Names.—Guinea Grains, Mallaguetta Pepper. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Paradol, Resin. 
The medicinal properties of this drug are those of a stimulant, 
but its use is confined chiefly to veterinary practice, and for 
imparting artificial strength to spirits, wine, beer and vinegar. 
Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Grains of Paradise. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 165. GRAVEL PLANT. 
The Leaves of Epigcea Repens. 
Natural Order.—Ericaceie, Ericinese. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—Trailing Arbutus, Ground Laurel, Mayflower, 
Mountain Pink, Winter Pink. 
Active Constituents.—Gallo-Tannic Acid, Arbutin, Ericolin,Ursone. 
This is a valuable diuretic and astringent, and is analogous in 
medicinal virtues to Uva Ursi and Buchu, and may be used in all 
diseases of the urinary organs. 
Dose.—i to 3 fluid drachms (3.75—11.25 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Gravel Plant. 
Fluid Extract . . 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 120 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Infusion of Gravel Plant. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water -14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Gravel Plant. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 166. GRINDELIA ROBUSTA, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Leaves and Flowering Tops of Grindelia Robusta. 
Natural Order.—Compositse, Asteroidese. 
Habitat.—North America (West of the Rocky Mountains). 
Common Name.—Gum plant. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Resin. 
This is one of the new California remedies. Its virtues in 
asthmatic affections are highly extolled by prominent prac- 
titioners. It is said to be a specific in cases of poisoning by the 
Poison Oak or Ivy. It is demulcent as well as stimulating, and, 
hence, is valuable in healing vesicated surfaces. It is an excel- 
lent addition to injections or lotions in vaginal troubles. 
Dose.—]/2 to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Grindelia Robusta. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
Water 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Grindelia Robusta. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Liquor Potassa 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Grindelia Robusta. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Alcohol 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Liquor Potassa 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
121 
No. 167. GRINDELIA ROBUSTA, SOLUBLE. 
This preparation is designed especially to combine with 
aqueous solutions. It is compatible with syrup, forming a 
perfectly clear and permanent solution. While we cannot 
endorse this fluid as possessing therapeutic properties equal in 
efficiency to the alcoholic extract, yet through clinical experi- 
ments we are convinced that it possesses, although in a modified 
form, the prominent characteristics of the drug. The facility 
with which it combines with syrup, enables its administration 
in this form quite acceptable—in this respect contrasting strongly 
with the alcoholic extract, which, in consequence of the presence 
of a large percentage of resin, produces an unsightly mixture 
when incorporated with syrup. 
Dose.—]/2 to 1 fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Syrup of Grindelia Robusta. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 168. GRINDELIA SdUARROSA. 
The Leaves and Flowering Tops of Grindelia Squarrosa. 
Natural Order.—Composite, Asteroidese. 
Habitat.—North America (West of the Rocky Mountains}. 
Common Name.—Gum Plant. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Resin. 
This is, also, one of the products of California. It is said to 
be invaluable in hypertrophy of the spleen and in the obstinate 
malarious intermittents which so often give rise to enlarged 
spleen. From the various authentic reports regarding its 
remedial virtues, this drug must prove a highly valuable addition 
to our Materia Medica. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Grindelia Squarrosa. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
Water 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 122 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Infusion of Grindelia Squarrosa. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
Liquor Potassa 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Dose.—]/2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Grindelia Squarrosa. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Liquor Potassa 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Alcohol 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 169. GUAIAC RESIN. 
The Resin of the Wood of Guatacum Officinale. 
Natural Order.—Zygophyllacese. 
Habitat.—West Indies, Northern South America. 
Common Name.—Guaiac Resin, 
Active Constituents.—Guaiaconic Acid, Guaiaretic Acid, Guaiac- 
beta Resin. 
(Each fluid ounce [30 c. c.] represents one-half ounce [15.5 gms.] of the drug.) 
The medicinal properties of this drug are stimulant, diapho- 
retic and alterative. It is useful in chronic rheumatism, syphilis, 
scrofulous and cutaneous troubles, and is an old and popular 
remedy in amenorrhoea and dysmenorrhcea, as well as in gouty 
affections. 
Dose.—20 to 40 minims (1.25—2.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Guaiac Resin, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 6 fluid ounces (180. c. c.) 
Alcohol io fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Ammoniated Tincture of Guaiac Resin, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 6 fluid ounces (180. c. c.) 
Aromatic Spirits of Ammonia . . . .10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
123 
No. 170. GUAIAC WOOD. 
The Heart Wood of Guaiacum Officinale. 
Natural Order.—Zygophyllacese. 
Habitat.—West Indies, Northern South America. 
Common Name.—Guaiac Wood. 
Active Constituents.—Guaiaconic Acid, Guaiaretic Acid, Guaiac- 
beta Resin. 
The medicinal properties of this drug are stimulant, diapho- 
retic and alterative, and it is very useful in chronic rheumatism, 
syphilis, scrofulous and all cutaneous troubles. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Guaiac Wood. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 171. GUARANA (Assayed), U. S. P., 1880. 
A dried Paste from the Ground Seeds of Paullinia Sorbilis. 
(Contains between 3 and 4 per cent, of natural Alkaloid, Caffeine). 
Natural Order.—Sapindaceae. 
Habitat.—Northern and Western Brazil. 
Common Name.—Guarana. 
Active Constituents.—Caffeine, Tannin, Resin. 
This extract is made from the true Paullinia Sorbilis, imported 
from South America, and known to the medical world as 
Guarana. It is used, medicinally, in nervous and sick head- 
ache, idiopathic diarrhoea, neuralgia, etc., whenever a tonic 
impression is desired. 
Dose.—10 to 30 minims (o. 60—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Guarana. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 5 fluid ounces (150. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7-5°—:5- c. c.). 124 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Syrup of Guarana. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Liquor Potassa 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c.c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 172. HAIR-CAP MOSS. 
The Plant Polytrichum Juniperum. 
Natural Order.—Musci, Polytrichaceae. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Names.—Bear’s Red, Ground Moss, Robin’s Rye. 
Active Constituents.—No analysis. 
Therapeutically, this ranks as a powerful diuretic, and is 
said to be valuable in all urinary obstructions when used alone 
or in combination with the hydragogue-cathartics. 
Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Hair-Cap Moss. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—]/2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Infusion of Hair-Cap Moss. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Hair-Cap Moss. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
Dose.—]/2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
125 
No. 173. HELLEBORE, AMERICAN (Assayed), 
U. S. P., 1880. 
(Veratrum Viride.) 
The Rhizome and Rootlets of Veratrum Viride. 
(Contains not less than 0.4 per cent, of natural Alkaloids.) 
Natural Order.—Eiliaceae, Melanthieae. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—American Veratrum, Swamp Hellebore, Indian 
Poke. 
Active Constituents.—Cevadine, Veratrine, Cevadilline, Jervine, 
Resin 
This valuable remedy is used medicinally, in the treatment 
of febrile and inflammatory affections, where a reduction in the 
force of the circulation is necessary,—as in pneumonia and 
other pulmonary troubles, and in typhoid and other forms of 
fever. It is of value, also, in inflammatory rheumatism, gout, 
neuralgia, etc. 
Antidote.—Emetics, stimulants, coffee, warmth to the extrem- 
ities. Recumbent position to be strictly maintained. 
Dose.—2 to 4 minims (0.12—0.24 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Veratrum Viride, TJ. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 7 fluid ounces (210. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—4 to 10 minims (0.24—0.60 c. c.). 
Ointment of Veratrum Viride. 
Fluid Extract . . 1 fluid ounce (30. c. c.) 
Evaporate to a soft consistence, and mix intimately with 
fresh lard, two troy ounces (62. gms.). 
No. 174. HELLEBORE, WHITE. 
(Veratrum Album.) 
The Rhizome and Rootlets of Veratrum Album. 
Natural Order.—Eiliaceae, Melanthaceae. 
Habitat.—Europe. 
Common Name.—White llellebore. 
Active Constituents.—Jervine, Veratralbine, Veratrine Resin, 
Cevadine. 
Medicinally, this variety (the foreign) is a violent emetic and 
cathartic, and is also strongly sedative in its action on the pulse. 126 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
It is almost exclusively used externally, as an irritative substance, 
in cases of neuralgia, rheumatism, etc. 
Antidote.—Emetics, stimulants, coffee, warmth to the extrem- 
ities. Recumbent position to be strictly maintained. 
Dose.—2 to 4 minims (0.12—0.24 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of White Hellebore. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 11 fluid ounces (330. c. c.) 
Water 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 6 minims (0.12—0.36 c. c.). 
Ointment of White Hellebore. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce (30. c. c.) 
Evaporate to a soft extract, and mix intimately with fresh 
lard, one troy ounce (31. gms.). 
No, 175. HEMLOCK BARK. 
The Bark of Pinus or Abies Canadensis. 
Natural Order.—Coniferse, Abietineag. 
Habitat.—Canada, Northern United States. 
Common Name.—Hemlock Bark. 
Active Constituent.—Tannin. 
The medicinal value is that of a purely astringent action, 
and it may be used in all morbid secretions, resulting from 
irritated mucous surfaces, and for diarrhoea, dysentery, and in 
all sanguinated discharges from the bowels or other organs. 
Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Hemlock. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
127 
Infusion of Hemlock. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
No. 176. HENBANE (Assayed), TJ. S. P., 1880. 
(Hyoscyamus.) 
The Select Leaves of Hyoscyamus Niger. 
(Contains not less than 0.18 per cent, of natural Alkaloids, Hyoscyamine, 
Hyoscine.) 
Natural Order.—Solanacese. 
Habitat.—Europe, Asia. 
Common Name.—Henbane. 
Active Constituents.—Hyoscyamine, Hyoscine. 
This extract will be found to be equally reliable with the solid 
extract or the imported juice, and ranks as one of our safest and 
most reliable narcotics, as in over-doses it acts as a laxative. 
Antidote.—In cases of poisoning by Henbane, the antidotes 
are an emetic, ten grains Sulphate of Copper, twenty grains 
Sulphate of Zinc, one ounce Wine of Ipecac, or Hypodermic 
injection of one-tenth grain Apomorphine. 
Dose.—5 to io minims (0.30—0.60 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Henbane, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—15 to 30 minims (0.92—1.90 c. c.). 
Infusion of Henbane. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. .Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). Useful 
as a wash or lotion, or as an addition to a sedative poultice. 
Syrup of Henbane. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—20 to 60 minims (1.25—3.75 c. c.). 128 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 177. HOPS. 
The Fresh Strobiles of limn ulus Lupulus. 
Natural Order.—Urticacese, Cannabinese. 
Habitat.—Europe, United States. 
Common Name.—Hops. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Resin, Tannin, Asparagin, 
Choline. 
The medicinal virtues are those of a tonic, with a feeble 
narcotic effect. Combined with one of the simple bitters, this 
extract is admirably suited to convalescence from delirium 
tremens or excessive drinking. 
Dose.—]/2 to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Hops, TJ. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 3 fluid drachms (7.50—11.25 c- c.). 
Infusion of Hops. 
Fluid Extract x/z fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Hot Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—yi to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Hops. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Liquor Potassa 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Alcohol 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
Hop Cataplasm or Poultice. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Hot Vinegar 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Mix intimately with Indian-, rye-, oat- or flaxseed-meal, and 
apply and keep warm. MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
129 
No. 178. HOREHOUND. 
The Herb of Marrubium Vulgare. 
Natural Order.—Labiatae, Stachydeae. 
Habitat.—Europe, North America. 
Common Name.—Horehound. 
Active Constituents.—Tannin, Resin, Marrubiin. 
Medicinally, this has been recommended as a tonic and 
diaphoretic, but it is used more in domestic practice as a remedy 
in catarrhal affections of the throat and lungs. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Horehound. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Horehound. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Horehound. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 179. HORSE-CHESTNUT BARK. 
The Bark of sEsculum Hippocastanum. 
Natural Order.—Hippocastanaceae. 
Habitat.—Asia, Naturalized in United States. 
Common Name.—Horse-Chestnut Bark. 
Active Constituents.—Tannin, .Esculin, Extractive. 
This bark is used, medicinally, as a tonic and febrifuge in 
diseases of a malarial type, and in affections of the liver and 
bowels. It has also been proposed as a substitute for the Cin- 
chonas, in neuralgia—chronic and periodical. It is asserted by 130 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
some to be superior to Quinine. The infusion, applied as a 
wash, or as an ointment, is said to act well in hemorrhoidal 
affections, and, to our own knowledge, the results were positively 
beneficial in several instances. 
Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. * 
Tincture of Horse-Chestnut Bark. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Horse-Chestnut Bark. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Watgr 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—]/2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). Valuable as 
a lotion or as an injection, in hemorrhoidal or vaginal affections. 
Syrup of Horse-Chestnut Bark. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Wine of Horse-Chestnut Bark. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 8 fluid drachms (7.50—30. c. c.). 
Ointment of Horse-Chestnut Bark. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces (60. c. c.) 
Fresh Lard 1 troy ounce (31. gins.) 
Evaporate the fluid extract to a soft consistence, and mix 
intimately with the lard. A useful application for hemorrhoids. 
No. 180. HYDRANGEA. 
The Root of Hydrangea Arborescens. 
Natural Order.—Saxifragacese, Hydrangeae. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Name.—Seven Barks. 
Active Constituents.—Resin, Gum, Sugar. 
In large doses, this appears to be feebly narcotic, and it has 
acquired considerable reputation as an autilithic, for removing 
gravelly deposits in the urine. 
Dose.—1/2 to i fluid drachm (15.—30. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
131 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Hydrangea. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water . 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Hydrangea. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Hydrangea. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
HYDRASTIS (see Golden Seal). 
No. 181. IGNATIA BEAN (Assayed). 
The Seed of Strychnos Ignatia, or Ignatia Amara. 
(Contains not less than 1.5 per cent, of natural alkaloids.) 
Natural Order.—Loganiacese. 
Habitat.—Philippine Islands. 
Common Name.—Bean of St. Ignatius. 
Active Constituents.—Strychnine, Brucine, Igasuric Acid, 
Igasurine. 
This drug is the same in therapeutic effect as the Nux Vomica. 
It is a valuable nervine tonic, overcoming the lassitude often 
induced by mental depression. It is also useful in debility 
of the organs of digestion. 
Antidotes.—Emetic of Sulphate of Zinc, Mustard or Ipecacu- 
anha, or Hypodermic injection of Apomorphine ; Animal Char- 
coal, Bromide of Potassium or Chloral; Nitrite of Amyl inhala- 
tions ; Chloroform or Ether to relax the muscles; Hypodermic 
injections of Curare. 
Dose.—1 to 5 minims (0.06—0.30 c. c.). 132 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Ignatia Bean, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol fluid ounces (375. c. c.) 
Water 1% fluid ounces ( 45. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—10 to 15 minims (0.60—0.92 c. c.). 
Pharmacopoeial Test.—One hundred parts of this Tincture, 
evaporated to dryness, should yield not less than one part of 
dry extractive matter. 
No. 182. INDIAN-HEMP, BLACK. 
The Root of Apocynum Cannabinum. 
Natural Order.—Apocynaceae. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Name.—Bowman’s Root, Bitter Root. 
Active Constituents.—Resin, Apocynin, Apocynein, Bitter 
extractive. 
This root combines the medicinal effects of an emetic, 
cathartic and diuretic, and is highly recommended as a remedy 
in dropsical affections. It is, also, a valuable antiperiodic in 
intermittent fevers, etc. 
Dose.—3 to io minims (0.18—0.60 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Black Indian-Hemp. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—15 to 30 minims (0.92—1.90 c. c.). 
Infusion of Black Indian-Hemp. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Wine of Black Indian-Hemp. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.) MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
133 
Syrup of Black Indian-Hemp. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup • * 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
No. 183. INDIAN-HEMP, FOREIGN, 0. S. P., 1880 
(Assayed). 
(Cannabis Indica.) 
The dried Flowering Top of Cannabis Saliva. 
(Contains not less than io per cent, of dry extractive matter.) 
Natural Order.—Urticaceae, Cannabinese. 
Habitat.—Asia, India. 
Common Names.—Cannabis Indica, Hashish, Churrus Guuja. 
Active Constituents.—Resin, Choline or Neurine. 
Medicinally, this drug is a powerful narcotic, producing, when 
first given, exhilaration and intoxication, and subsequently, 
drowsiness and stupor. It is said to act as a decided aphrodisiac, 
and is preferable to opium in causing sleep, allaying spasms and 
relieving pain, without the usual disturbing after-effects of the 
latter, such as nauseating the stomach or constipating the bowels. 
Antidotes.—In case of an .over-dose, hot brandy and water 
may be given, vegetable acids, such as lemon juice or vinegar, 
and the patient be allowed to sleep. A blister to the nape of 
the neck is recommended to control its violent action. 
Dose.—2 to 5 minims (0.12—0.30 c. c.), on a lump of sugar. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Foreign Indian-Hemp, TJ. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 2.% fluid ounces ( 82.50 c. c.) 
Alcohol 13X fluid ounces (397-50 c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—20 to 30 minims (1.25—1.90 c. c.). 
Infusion of Foreign Indian-Hemp. 
Fluid Extract fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Hot Water • • 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Useful as a lotion to painful tumors. 134 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Syrup of Foreign Indian-Hemp. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Liquor Potassa 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Alcohol ... ...... • . . . 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—20 to 30 minims (1.25—1.90 c. c.). A useful 
anodyne and sudorific in the troublesome cough of phthisis 
and other pectoral complaints. 
No. 184. INDIAN-HEMP, WHITE. 
The Root of Asclepias Jncarnata. 
Natural Order.—Asclepiadacese. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—Swamp Silk-Weed, Flesh-Colored Asclepias. 
Active Constituents.—Two acrid Resins, Asclepiadin. 
Medicinally, this is an emetic, cathartic and anthelmintic, 
and is said to be useful in catarrh, asthma and rheumatism. 
Dose.—io to 40 minims (0.60—2.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of White Indian-Hemp. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol '. . . 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water . 5 fluid ounces (150. c. c.) 
M. and filter. .Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
Infusion of White Indian-Hemp. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Wine of White Indian-Hemp. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c. ) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Syrup of White Indian-Hemp. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
135 
No. 185. INDIAN TURNIP. 
The Cormus or Root of Arum Triphyllum. 
Natural Order.—Aracese. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Names.—Wild Turnip, Indian Turnip, Dragon Root. 
Active Constituents.—Acrid volatile principle, Bitter extractive. 
Therapeutically, this drug is an expectorant and diaphoretic, 
recommended in chronic catarrhal affections, asthma, pertussis, 
and other diseases of the respiratory tract; it is, also, used in 
rheumatic and stomachal troubles. 
Dose.—10 to 30 minims (0.60—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Indian Turnip. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol . . . 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—]/2 to 2 fluid drachms (1.90—7.50 c. c.). 
Syrup of Indian Turnip. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Syrup 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.) 
No. 186. IPECAC., IT. S. P., 1880 (Assayed). 
The Root of Cephcelis Ipecacuanha. 
(Contains not less than 1.5 per cent, natural alkaloid, Emetine.) 
Natural Order.—Rubiaeeae. 
Habitat.—Brazil, Bolivia, New Granada. 
Common Name.—Ipecac. 
Active Constituents.—Emetine, Choline, Ipecacuanhic Acid. 
This Fluid Fxtract is prepared from the highest grades of 
assayed roots—carefully gathered and separated from all inferior 
and foreign roots. Our process of manufacturing is in strict 
accordance with the U. S. P., and the utmost care is exercised in 
every detail of the operation. As an expectorant, tonic, diapho- 
retic and emetic, it outranks any of its congeners. When con- 
tinued for some time, it will often act as a cathartic. 
Dose.—5 to 60 minims (0.30—3.75 c. c.), according to effect 
desired. MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Ipecac. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—20 to 80 minims(i.25—5. c. c.), accord- 
ing to the effect desired. 
Wine of Ipecac. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1/2 to 4 fluid drachms (1.90—15. c. c.), 
according to the effect desired. 
Syrup of Ipecac. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—15 minims to 4 fluid drachms (0.92—15. c. c.), 
according to the effect desired. 
No. 187. IPECAC AND OPIUM. 
(Representing Dover’s Powder.) 
Corresponding to the officinal Tincture of Ipecac and Opium, U. S. P., 1880. 
Ten minims (0.60 c. c.) represent one grain (0.065 gins.) each, of 
powdered Opium and powdered Ipecac. 
This preparation faithfully represents the officinal “ Dover’s 
Powder”—offering a convenient mode of administering this 
valuable diaphoretic. It possesses, unimpaired, the therapeutic 
properties of the officinal preparation, and is in every way an 
admirable substitute. 
Dose.—5 to 10 minims (0.30—0.60 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Syrup of Dover’s Powder. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y2 to 2 fluid drachms (1.90—7.50 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
137 
No. 188. IPECAC AND SENEGA. 
The Roots of Ipecacuanha and Senega. 
Medicinally, this combination affords the expectorant and 
diaphoretic effects of both drugs, with the addition of the stim- 
ulant influence of Senega. It is, therefore, of great use in 
chronic affections of the lungs and air passages. 
Dose.—10 to 60 minims (0.60—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Ipecac and Senega. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol • 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—20 to 80 minims (1.25—5. c. c.). 
Infusion of Ipecac and Senega. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—]/2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
. Syrup of Ipecac and Senega. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
No. 189. JABORANDI, U. S. P., 1880. 
The leaves of Pilocarpus Pennatifolius. 
Natural Order.—Rutacese, Xanthoxylese. 
Habitat.—Brazil (near Pernambuco). 
Common Name.—Jaborandi. 
Active Constituents.—Pilocarpine, Jaborine. 
This new drug, obtained from Brazil, is possessed of active 
sialagogue and diaphoretic properties, and is used effectively in 
Bright’s disease of the kidneys, diabetes, mellitus, acute rheuma- 
tism, pneumonia and bronchitis. It is also said to be a specific 
antidote in belladonna poisoning. 
Dose.—20 to 6o minims (1.25—3.75 c. c.). 138 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Jaborandi. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Jaborandi. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—X 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Jaborandi. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Eiquor Potassa 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Alcohol 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c.c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 190. JALAP (Assayed). 
The Root of Exogonium Purga. 
(Contains not less than 12 per cent, of Resinous extractive matter.) 
Natural Order.—Convolvulaeese. 
Habitat.—Eastern Mexico. 
Common Name.—Jalap. 
Active Constituents.—Resin (twelve to fifteen percent.), Convol- 
vulin. 
This is made from carefully selected and garbled roots, and 
is one of our most valuable cathartic remedies, especially ser- 
viceable, when combined with cream of tartar, in dropsical 
complaints. 
Dose.—X to 1 fluid drachm (0.92—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Jalap. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
Water 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—X to 2 fluid drachms (1.90—7.50 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
139 
Syrup of Jalap. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Liquor Potassa 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Alcohol 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 191. JAMAICA DOGWOOD. 
The Bark of the Root of Piscidia Erythrina. 
Natural Order.—Eeguminosse, Papilionacese. 
Habitat.—West Indies. 
Common Name.—Jamaica Dogwood. 
Active Constituent.—Resin, Piscidin, Bitter glucoside. 
This drug is highly recommended as a sedative narcotic, 
possessing, in a remarkable degree, the property of producing 
a calm, refreshing sleep, similar to opium, without the unpleasant 
after-effects. 
Dose.—to 2 fluid drachms (1.90—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Jamaica Dogwood. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Jamaica Dogwood. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Wine of Jamaica Dogwood. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 140 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Cataplasm or Poultice of Jamaica Dogwood. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Mix intimately with one pound (453.60 gms.) of flaxseed-, 
Indian-, rye- or oat-meal, and form a poultice of a soft consistence, 
with hot water. 
No. 192. JUNIPER BERRIES. 
The Fruit of Juniperus Communis. 
Natural Order.—Coniferae, Cupressinae. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Name.—Juniper. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil (one-half to three per cent.), 
Resin (ten percent.). 
As a medicine, these berries are stimulating to the urinary 
organs, and are much employed in dropsical cases, especially in 
combination with other powerful diuretics. 
Dose.—yz to 1 fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c,). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Juniper Berries. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Juniper Berries. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Holland Gin 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water . . . • 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
No. 193. KAMALA. 
The Glands, covering the Capsules, from Mallotus Philippinensis, or Rottlera 
Tinctoria. 
Natural Order.—Euphorbiacese. 
Habitat.—India, China, Australia, Philippine Islands. 
Common Name.—Kamala. 
Active Constituents.—Resin (eighty per cent.), Rottlerin. 
The therapeutical properties of this drug are those of a taeni- 
cide,—differing from others in not producing nausea, colic or 
too-violent purging. 
Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
141 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Kamala. 
Fluid Extract 6 fluid ounces (180. c. c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Used for the expulsion of the tape-worm. 
No. 194. KAVA-KAVA. 
The Root of Piper Methysticum. 
Natural Order.—Piperacese. 
Habitat.—South Sea Islands 
Common Names.—Ave, Kave-Kave, Kawa, Yanquona. 
Active Constituents.—Resin, Kavalin, Methysticine. 
This Root is used by the natives of the Sandwich Islands in 
the preparation of a drink. It is chewed so as to soften it, and 
is then steeped in water and allowed to ferment. The effects are 
intoxicating and anodyne. It was first introduced into medicine 
as a specific for gonorrhoea, but is now recommended as a tonic 
bitter, improving the appetite without irritating the stomach. 
Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Kava-Kava. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water . 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 3 fluid drachms (3.75—11.25 c. c.). 
Infusion of Kava-Kava. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c. ) 
M. Dose.—yi. to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Kava-Kava. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Liquor Potassa 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 142 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 195. KINO. 
The Inspissated Juice of Pterocarpus Marsupium. 
Natural Order.—Leguminosae, Papilionacese. 
Habitat.—East Indies. 
Common Name.—Kino. 
Active Constituents.—Kino-Tannic Acid, Catechol, Kinoin. 
(Each fluid ounce [30. c. c.] represents one half Troy ounce [15.5 gins.] of the 
drug.) 
This well-known astringent gum is extensively used, alone 
and in combination, in cases of diarrhoea and dysentery, either 
recent or chronic, and in all cases requiring a prompt and 
reliable remedy in arresting hemorrhage. 
Dose.—20 to 40 minims (1.25—2.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Kino, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 196. KOLA. 
The Seeds of Sterculia Acuminata. 
Natural Order.—Sterculiaceae, Sterculieae. 
Habitat.—Tropical Western Africa. 
Common Names.—Cola Nuts, Guru Nuts. 
Active Constituents.—Caffeine (two per cent.), Theobromine. 
Therapeutically, these Seeds combine the effects of a tonic, 
stimulant and nervine. They possess all the attributes of coffee, 
and in their native country are used as a valuable substitute. 
They are also used by natives as a cure for drunkeness, 
arousing persons so addicted, from the mental stupor produced 
by the alcohol. 
Dose.—io to 30 minims (0.60—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Syrup of Kola. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXIF ACTS. 
143 
Infusion of Kola. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 197. KOOSSO, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Female Inflorescence of Brayera Anthelmintica. 
Natural Order.—Rosacese, Rosese. 
Habitat.—Abyssinia. 
Common Name.—Koosso. 
Active Constituents.—Tannin, Bitter acrid resin, Koussin. 
This drug is employed in medicine as an anthelmintic only 
(for the expulsion of the tape-worm), and is almost always 
effectual. It will sometimes, but rarely, act as a cathartic, and 
its use should always be followed by that of a brisk purgative. 
Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Infusion of Koosso. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 6 fluid ounces (60.—180. c. c.). 
No. 198. LACTirCARIUM, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Concrete Milk-juice of Lactuca Virosa. 
Natural Order.—Compositae, Eiguliflorse. 
Habitat.—Southern and Central Europe. 
Common Name.—Eactucarium. 
Active Constituents.—Lactucin, Lactucic Acid, Eactucopitrin. 
Medicinally, this drug is used for its reputed anodyne, hypnotic 
and sedative virtue. It is claimed to possess, although in an in- 
ferior degree, the calmative effects of opium, without creating 
any after-disturbance of the stomach or digestive organs. 
Dose.—2 to io minims (0.12—0.60 c. c.). 144 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
preparation. 
Syrup of Laetucarium. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Syrup 29 fluid ounces (870. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 3 fluid drachms (7.50—11.25 c. c.). 
No. 199. LADIES’ SLIPPER, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Rhizome and Rootlets of Cypripedium Pubescens. 
Natural Order.—Orchidaceae. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names —Mocassin Plant, American Valerian, Nerve Root, 
Noah’s Ark, Umbel. 
Active Constituents.—Resins, Volatile Acid, Bitter extractive. 
The medicinal virtues of this drug are those of a nervine 
stimulant. It is useful in cases of nervous prostration, result- 
ing front mental depression, or in morbid sensitiveness of the 
nervous system generally. 
Dose.—X to i fluid drachm (0.92—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Ladies’ Slipper. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Ladies’ Slipper. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
Dose.—X to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Ladies’ Slipper. 
Fluid Extract . 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 200. LARKSPUR SEED. 
The Seed of Delphinium Consolida. 
Natural Order.—Ranunculace®, Hellebore®. 
Habitat.—Central Europe. 
Common Name.—Earkspur Seed. 
Active Constituent.—Delphinine. 
Therapeutically, this drug is very rarely used internally. It 
is, however, claimed to be diuretic, and valuable in dropsical 
affections; also, useful in spasmodic asthma. Its principle use 
is to destroy lice or vermin, and when applied, care should be 
taken not to use it on an abraded surface. 
Dose.—1 to 2 minims (0.06—0.12 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Larkspur Seed. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—3 to 10 minims (0.18—0.60 c. c.). 
No. 201. LAVENDER COMPOUND. 
(For making Tinctura Lavandula Comp., U. S. F., 1880.) 
This old and reliable remedy is useful in cases of flatulent 
colic, nausea, cramps in the stomach and bowels, and in all cases 
requiring a warm and stimulating effect to the system in general. 
Dose.—5 to 10 minims (0.30—0.60 c. c.)/ 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Lavender Compound (Spirits), U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol io fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose. to 2 fluid drachms (1.90—7.50 c. c.). 146 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 202. LETTUCE. 
The Leaves of Lactuca Saliva. 
Natural Order.—Compositae, Liguliflorse. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Name.—Garden Lettuce. 
Active Constituents.—No analysis. 
Medicinally, this drug is soporific, sedative and mildly nar- 
cotic, producing neither headache, disturbance of the digestive 
functions nor constipation of the bowels. 
Dose.—20 to 60 minims (1.25—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Lettuce. 
Fluid Extract . 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Lettuce. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—]/2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Lettuce. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 203. LIQUORICE ROOT, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Root of Glycyrrhiza Glabra. 
Natural Order.—Leguminosse, Papilionacese. 
Habitat.—Southern Europe. 
Common Name.—Liquorice Root. 
Active Constituents.—Glycyrrhizin, Glycamarin. 
This preparation will be found to be a valuable adjuvant to 
cover the acrimony of squills and senega, and for masking the 
bitter taste of other medicines without affecting their thera- 
peutic value. Its usefulness depends solely upon its demulcent 
properties, and it is wTell adapted for catarrhal affections. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Infusion of Liquorice. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.), as a demulcent 
for irritation of the bronchial passages. 
Syrup of Liquorice. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 204. LIQUORICE ROOT. 
The Root of Glycyrrhiza Glabra. 
(For Masking the Bitter Taste of Quinine.) 
This preparation differs from the preceding, which is the one 
adopted in the U. S. Pharmacopoeia of 1880, in not containing 
Ammonia in its menstruum, and is preferable on that account for 
Quinine mixtures. It is readily miscible with water, alcohol or 
syrup, and will be found to be a valuable adjuvant in disguising 
bitter or nauseous medicines and as an addition to mixtures for 
pectoral or laryngeal diseases. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Syrup of Liquorice Root. 
(For masking the bitter taste of Quinine.) 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—4 to 8 fluid drachms (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 205. LIQUORICE, CALABRIA. 
(Commercial Extract.) 
This preparation represents the Commercial Extract of 
Liquorice in a liquid form, and may be used as an addition to 
the usual cough-mixtures for its demulcent effects, or as an 
adjuvant to cover their acrimony or bitter taste. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50. c. c.). 148 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 206. LIFE EVERLASTING. 
The Herb Gnaphalium Margaritaceum. 
Natural Order.—Compositae, Senecionidese. 
Habitat.—North America, Europe. 
Common Names.—Cudweed, Consumptive’s Weed. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Bitter extractive. 
The medicinal use of this plant is confined chiefly to domestic 
practice, and is recommended as a tonic, astringent and diapho- 
retic. It is useful in diseases of the chest and bowels, and in 
hemorrhagic affections ; also, locally applied as a fomentation in 
bruises, indolent ulcers, etc. 
Dose.—Yz to 1 fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Infusion of Life Everlasting. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Life Everlasting. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces! 90. c. c.) 
Syrup • 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 207. LIFE ROOT. 
The Plant Senecio Aureus. 
Natural Order.—Asteraceae. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Names.—Ragwood, Squaw Weed, False Valerian, Female 
Regulator, Cockash, Uncum, Golden Senecio. 
Active Constituent.—No analysis. 
Therapeutically, this root is a diuretic, diaphoretic and 
uterine tonic. It is valuable in many female diseases,—such as 
amenorrhoea, dysmenorrhoea, etc., and is useful in gravel and 
other urinary troubles. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Life Root. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
149 
Infusion of Life Root. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Life Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 208. LILY OF THE VALLEY. 
The Rhizome and Flowers of Convallaria Majalis. 
Natural Order.—Oiliaceee, Asparagineag. 
Habitat.—United States, Europe, Northern Asia. 
Common Name.—Lily of the Valley. 
Active Constituents.—Convallamarin, Convallarin. 
Therapeutically, this drug is an emeto-cathartic and diuretic, 
and has acquired a reputation as a cardiacal tonic, and while 
increasing the heart’s action, diminishes the frequency of its 
pulsation, acting very much like Digitalis without the secondary 
depressing effects. The medical authorities seem to differ greatly 
in their opinion and use of this remedy. Our supply of the drug 
is derived from Germany, from the most reliable sources. 
Dose.—5 to io minims (0.30—0.60 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Lily of the Valley. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—15 to 30 minims (0.92—1.90 c. c.). 
Infusion of Lily of the Valley. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
Tincture Cassia fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 150 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 209. LIVERWORT. 
The Plant of Anemone Hepalica. 
Natural Order.—Ranunculaceae, Anemonese. 
Habitat.—North America, Europe. 
Common Names.—Kidney, Liverleaf. 
Active Constituents.—Mucilage, Tannin. 
Medicinally, this drug is a mild demulcent, tonic and as- 
tringent, well adapted to pulmonary troubles, in which it has 
acquired considerable reputation. 
Dose.—Yz to 1 fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Infusion of Liverwort. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Liverwort. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 210. LOBELIA (HERB), TJ. S. P., 1880. 
The Dried Herb of Lobelia Inflata. 
Natural Order.—Lobeliaceae. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—Indian Tobacco, Emetic Herb, Puke Weed. 
Active Constituents.—Kobeline, Lobelic Acid. 
The medicinal properties of this drug are those of an emetic, 
cathartic, diaphoretic, expectorant and narcotic. It is especially 
serviceable in cases of spasmodic asthma, and as an addition to 
cough-mixtures in cases of croup whooping-cough, and other 
laryngeal and pectoral affections. 
Antidotes.—In cases of poisoning by Lobelia, the most active 
stimulants, internal as well as external, should be employed; 
Tannic acid, Gallic acid or strong tea frequently repeated, 
warmth to the surface, recumbent position important. 
Dose.—io to 30 minims, (0.60—1.90 c. c.), according to the 
effect desired. MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
151 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Lobelia, IT. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—20 to 40 minims (1.25—2.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Lobelia. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 8 fluid drachms (7.50—30. c. c.), according 
to the effect desired. 
Syrup of Lobelia. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
No. 211. LOBELIA SEED. 
The Seeds of Lobelia Inflata. 
Natural Order.—Eobeliacese. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Name.—Indian Tobacco. 
Active Constituents.—Eobeline, Eobelic Acid, Volatile Oil. 
The medicinal properties of this drug are those of an emetic, 
cathartic, diaphoretic, expectorant and narcotic. It is especially 
serviceable in cases of spasmodic asthma, and as an addition to 
cough-mixtures in cases of croup, whooping-cough, and other 
laryngeal and pectoral affections. As the seeds contain more or 
the active constituents than the herb, it follows necessarily that 
their medicinal activity is greater, hence the resulting prepara- 
tions are used in smaller doses and their effects must be closely 
noted. 
Antidotes.—(see Lobelia Herb.) 
Dose.—3 to 5 minims (0.18—0.30 c. c.), according to the 
effect desired. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Lobelia Seed. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—10 to 15 minims (0.60—0.92 c. c.). 152 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Vinegar of Lobelia Seed. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Dilute Acetic Acid 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—15 to 20 minims (0.92—1.25 c. c.). 
No.212. LOGWOOD. 
The Wood of Hcematoxylon Catnpechianum. 
Natural Order.—Leguminosse, Dsesalpineae. 
Habitat.—Central America, West Indies. 
Common Name.—bogwood. 
Active Constituents.—Hsematoxylin, Hsematein. 
The medicinal properties of this drug are purely astringent, 
and it may be used in all cases where such an effect is desired. 
Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Logwood. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Logwood. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water .14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
No. 213. LUPITLIN, U. S. P., 1880. 
The powder, dusted from the Strobiles, of Humulus Lupulus. 
Natural Order.—Urticacese, Cannabineae. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Name.—Lupulin. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, L,upamoric Acid, Lupulin Resin. 
This extract is much stronger than the same preparation of 
hops. Its medicinal properties are those of a mild tonic and 
sedative narcotic. It is used extensively in all nervous dis- 
orders, and as an antaphrodisiac in cases of spermatorrhoea and 
gonorrlnea. It is also useful in cases of irritable bladder. 
Dose.— 5 to io minims (0.30—0.60 c. c.), on a lump of sugar, 
or in some pleasant vehicle. MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
153 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Lupulin. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—20 to 40 minims (1.25—2.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Lupulin. 
Fluid Extract % fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Hot Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—]/t, to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Lupulin. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Liquor Potassa 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Alcohol 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup • 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 214. MALE FERN. 
The Rhizome of Aspidium Filix Mas. 
Natural Order.—Filices. 
Habitat.—Canada, Asia, Europe, United States. 
Common Name.—High Brake. 
Active Constituent.—Oleo-resin. 
This medicine is almost solely used for expelling the tape- 
worm. 
Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.) 
PREPARATION. 
Infusion of Male Fern. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 154 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 215. MALT. 
The Germinated Grain of Hordeum Distichum. 
Natural Order.—Graminacese. 
Habitat.—Cultivated (originally, Western Asia). 
Common Name.—Malt. 
Active Constituent.—Diastase, Dextrin, Sugar, Starch. 
This fluid extract is made from a carefully-selected malted 
barley, and upon an unbiased trial will be found fully equal in 
diastatic strength to any of the solid or semi-liquid preparations 
of Malt, with the great advantage in its favor of always retain- 
ing, unimpaired by age, its diastase in its natural condition, due 
to the fact that no heat is used in its preparation, it being a 
simple solution of diastase. Physicians will find it invaluable 
in all cases of mal-nutrition, either in children or adults, in 
aiding the economy to digest any amylaceous food. 
Dose.—From 1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.), in milk, 
wine or porter, during a meal; or, if preferred, it may be taken 
in a half wineglass of water. 
No. 216. MANACA. 
The Root, with Stem attached, of Franciscea Uniflora. 
Natural Order.—Scrophulariaceae. 
Habitat.—Brazil. 
Common Name,—Manaca. 
Active Constituents.—Manacine, Extractive. 
The medicinal properties of this drug are classed as those of 
an alterative in syphilitic cases; it is also diuretic and diapho- 
retic in chronic rheumatism. Its general use has, however, been 
limited, and it requires more extended observation to establish 
its reputed virtues.. 
Dose.—io to 30 minims (0.60—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Manaca. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water • .... 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
Infusion of Manaca. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 217. MANDRAKE, U. S. P., 1880 (Assayed). 
The Rhizome and Rootlets of Podophyllum Peltatum. 
(Contains not less than 4 per cent, of Resin, of which nearly 50 per cent, 
is soluble in Chloroform, constituting the Podophyllotoxin of 
Podwyssotsky.) 
Natural Order.—Berberidacege. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—May Apple, Wild Demon, Raccoon Berry. 
Active Constituents.—Resin, Podophyllotoxin, Podophyllinic Acid. 
This drug, which has acquired a very wide popularity and 
enters into the composition of many proprietary medicines, is 
an active stimulus to the liver. It is mainly used in combination 
with other articles. 
Dose.—10 to 20 minims (0.60—1.25 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Mandrake. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—30 to 60 minims. (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
No. 218. MANDRAKE COMPOUND. 
(Mandrake, Culver’s Root, Blue Flag, Dandelion and Ginger.) 
This is a combination of remedies known for their valuable 
cholagogue properties, in conjunction with the aromatic stimu- 
lus of Ginger. It is useful in all diseases of the liver and spleen. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50. c. c.). 
No. 219. MANZANITA. 
The Leaves of Arctostaphylos Glauca. 
4 
Natural Order.—Ericaceae, Ericinese. 
Habitat.—California. 
Common Name.—Manzanita. 
Active Constituents.—Tannin, Gallic Acid, Arbutin, Ericolin, 
Ursone. 
These leaves are obtained in California, where they have a 
medicinal reputation as an astringent and diuretic, superior— 
it is asserted—to Buchu and Uva Ursi. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 156 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Manzanita. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.— 2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Manzanita. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Liquor Potassa 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Manzanita. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Liquor Potassa 2 fluid drachms (7.50 c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 220. MARIGOLD. 
The Flower-Heads of Calendula Officinalis. 
Natural Order.—Compositae, Cynarese. 
Habitat.—Levant, Southern Europe. Cultivated. 
Common Name.—Marigold. 
Active Constituents.—Bitter principle, Caleudulin. 
The medicinal virtues of this drug are those of an anti- 
spasmodic, sudorific, deobstruent and emmenagogue. Its use is 
almost exclusively domestic, but it has acquired a reputation as 
a local application to lacerated wounds and contusions, prevent- 
ing suppuration, and quickly healing the parts. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). % 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Marigold, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Use externally. MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Infusion of Marigold. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Marigold. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 221. MARSH MALLOW. 
The Root of Althcea Officinalis. 
Natural Order.—Malvaceae. 
Habitat.—Europe, United States. 
Common Name.—Marshmallow. 
Active Constituents.—Asparagin, Mucilage, Sugar, Starch 
This root is a valuable demulcent, useful in pulmonary affec- 
tions, and in all throat troubles arising from an irritated con- 
dition of the larynx or bronchial tubes, and as a vehicle for 
administering the saline remedies used in such cases. 
Dose.—yi to i fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Infusion of Marsh Mallow. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid ounces (60.—120. c. c.). 
Syrup of Marsh Mallow. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 158 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 222. MATICO. 
The Leaves of Artanthe Elongata. 
Natural Order.—Piperacese. 
Habitat.—Tropical, America. 
Common Name.—Matico. 
Active Constituent.—Volatile Oil, Pungent Resin, Artanthic Acid. 
The medicinal virtues of this valuable drug are those of an aro- 
matic tonic and stimulant, having a tendency to act on the urinary 
passages. It is highly recommended in many diseases of the 
mucous membranes, as gonorrhoea, leucorrhoea, etc., and has 
acquired considerable reputation as an haemostatic, internally or 
locally. 
Dose.—yi to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Matico. 
Fluid Extract il/i fluid ounces ( 45. c. c.) 
Alcohol fluid ounces (345. c. c.) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Matico. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Matico. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Liquor Potassa 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Alcohol 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
MATRICARIA (see Chamomile, German). 
No. 223. MEZEREON, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Bark of Daphne Mezereum. 
Natural Order.—Thymelaceae. 
Habitat.—Europe. 
Common Name.—Mezereon Bark. 
Active Constituents.—Soft acrid Resin, Daphnin. 
Medicinally, this is a stimulant, acting upon either the skin 
or kidneys. It has been regarded as a specific in secondary MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
159 
syphilis and as an alterative in scrofulous affections. Locally 
applied, it acts as a vesicant, and has often been employed to 
form issues and relieve internal irritation. 
Dose.—5 to 15 minims (0.30—0.92 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Mezereon Bark. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—20 to 30minims (1.25—1.90 c. c.). An 
excellent counter-irritant when applied externally. 
Ointment of Mezereon Bark. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce (30. c. c.) 
Evaporate to a soft extract, and mix intimately with lard, one 
troy ounce (31. gms.). Use as a local irritant. 
No. 224. MILK WEED. 
The Root of Asclepias Syriaca or Cornuti. 
Natural Order.—Asclepiadacese. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—Silk Weed, Wild Cotton. 
Active Constituents.—Bitter extractive, Resin. 
Therapeutically, this drug is used as a tonic, diuretic and 
alterative. It is extolled in domestic practice as a valuable 
remedy in dyspepsia, diseases of the kidneys and liver, and in 
pleuritic troubles. s 
Dose.—15 to 60 minims (0.92—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Milk Weed. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Milk Weed. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—ho. c. c.). 160 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Syrup of Milk Weed. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c. 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c. 
Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 225. MISTLETOE. 
The Plant {Parasitical) Viscurn Album. 
Natural Order.—Eoranthacese. 
Habitat.—Europe, North America. 
Common Name.—Mistletoe. 
Active Constituents.—Viscin, Bitter extractive. 
Therapeutically, this plant is considered a powerful anti- 
spasmodic, and is esteemed highly in cases of epilepsy, palsy, 
and other nervous diseases. It is said to cause vomiting and 
purging when used in too-large doses, and care must be exer- 
cised in its administration. Of late years, the authorities claim 
for it oxytocic properties superior to those of ergot, in that it 
produces natural or intermittent contraction of the uterus. It 
may be used at any stage of labor. 
Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Mistletoe. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 5 fluid ounces (150. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Mistletoe. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Wine of Mistletoe. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
161 
Syrup of Mistletoe. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 226. MOTHERWORT. 
The Tops and Leaves of Leonurus Cardiaca. 
Natural Order.—Eabiatse, Stachydeee. 
Habitat.—North America, Europe. 
Common Name.—Motherwort. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Bitter extractive. 
This plant is said to be emmenagogue, anti-spasmodic and 
laxative in its effects. It is used in suppressed lochia, in amen- 
orrhcea and other irritable complaints peculiar to females, as 
a nervine in hysteria, and in general prostration of the nervous 
system. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Motherwort. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.) 
Infusion of Motherwort. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid ounces (60.—120. c. c.). 
No. 227. MUGWORT. 
The Herb Artemesia Vulgaris. 
Natural Order.—Compositse, Senecionidese. 
Habitat.—Asia, Europe, North America. 
Common Name.—Mugwort. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Bitter extractive. 
The medicinal properties of this drug are reputed to be 
stimulant and tonic. It is used in epilepsy ; also, as an em- 
menagogue, and is highly recommended by German -physicians, 
in chorea, amenorrhcea, etc. 
Dose.—15 to 30 minims (0.92—1.90 c. c.). 162 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Mugwort. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
Infusion of Mugwort. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—l/i to 1 fluid ounce (15. to 30. c. c.). 
No. 228. MULLEIN. 
The Leaves and Flowers of Verbascum Thapsus. 
Natural Order.—Scrophulariacese. 
Habitat.—Europe, North America. 
Common Name.—Mullein. 
Active Constituents.—Mucilage, Sugar. No analysis. 
The medicinal properties of this plant are characterized as 
those of a demulcent, diuretic, and anti-spasmodic. It is useful 
in colds, catarrhal troubles, diarrhoea, dysentery and hemor- 
rhoidal affections. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Infusion of Mullein. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water • . . 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Ointment of Mullein. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Evaporate to a soft extract and incorporate with fresh lard, 
one troy ounce (31. gms.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
163 
No. 229. MUSK ROOT. 
The Root of Ferula Sumbul. 
Natural Order.—Umbelliferae, Orthospermae. 
Habitat.—Central and Northeastern Asia. 
Common Names.—Sumbul, Jatamansi. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Soft Resin, Bitter extractive. 
This is a most valuable nerve stimulant, and is employed in 
cases of nervous prostration, in the course of low fevers, in 
delirium tremens, hysteria, epilepsy and many other nervous 
disorders. 
Dose.—15 to 60 minims (0.92—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Musk Root, U. S. P., 1880, 
Fluid Extract fluid ounces (41.25 c. c.) 
Alcohol . . . .• 13 fluid ounces ( 390. c.c.) 
Water 1)4 fluid ounces (48.75 c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—20 to 60 minims (1.25—3.75 c. c.). 
Syrup of Musk Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Liquor Potassa 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Alcohol 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
No. 230. MYRRH. 
The Gum Resin of Balsamodendron Myrrha. 
Natural Order.—Burseracese, Burserese. 
Habitat.—Eastern Africa, Southwestern Arabia. 
Common Name.—Gum Myrrh. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil (two to five per cent.), Resin 
(twenty-five to forty per cent.), Gum (forty to sixty per cent.). 
The medicinal properties of this drug are those of a stimu- 
lant and tonic. It is useful in dyspepsia and all nervous dis- 
orders, but is more generally used as an adjunct to other 
remedies in cases of amenorrhcea, leucorrhcea, and in all such 
cases due to torpor of the functions. It is used locally in sore 
or bleeding gums, or as a stimulant to indolent ulcers, etc. 
Dose.—5 to 20 minims (0.30—1.25 c. c.). 164 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Myrrh, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 2%" fluid ounces ( 82.50 c. c.) 
Alcohol 13X fluid ounces (397.50 c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—15 to 30 minims (0.92—1.90 c. c.). 
No. 231. NETTLE. 
The Root of Urtica Dioica. 
Natural Order.—Urticaceae. 
Habitat.—Europe, United States. 
Common Name.—Great Stinging Nettle. 
Active Constituents.—Two Resins, Volatile Oil. 
This is useful as an astringent, diuretic and tonic. It is a 
favorite domestic remedy in chronic diarrhoea, dysentery, and 
in all cases of hemorrhage, and in nephritic and gravel troubles. 
Dose.—20 to 40 minims (1.25—2.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Nettle. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 5 fluid ounces (150. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 232. NIGHT-BLOOMING CERETJS. 
The Fresh Flowering Branches of Cactus Grandiflorus. 
Natural Order.—Cactaceae. 
Habitat.—Tropical America. 
Common Name.—Night-Blooming Cereus. 
Active Constituents.—No analysis. 
Therapeutically, this drug is an arterial sedative and is used 
in functional or organic cardiac affections, such as palpitation 
of the heart, angina pectoris, rheumatism, neuralgia, dropsy, etc. 
Dose.—2 to 5 minims (0.12—0.30 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
165 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Night-Blooming Cereus. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—3 to 10 minims (0.18—0.60 c. c.). 
Infusion of Night-Blooming Cereus. 
Fluid Extract fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Hot Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Syrup of Night-Blooming Cereus. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—10 to 30 minims (0.60—1.90 c. c.). 
No. 233. NUTMEGS. 
The Kernel of the Seed of Myristica Fragrans. 
Natural Order.—Myristicacese. 
Habitat.—Molucca Islands. 
Common Name.—Nutmegs. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil (two to eight per cent.), Fixed 
Oil (twenty-five to thirty per cent.). 
Observation has ranked the medicinal properties of this drug 
as an aromatic, stimulant and tonic, and it is said to possess 
decided narcotic effects. It is used more generally as a valuable 
corroborant to prevent nausea and irritablity of the stomach 
from indigestion, and to mask the unpleasant taste of bitter 
medicines. 
Dose.—20 to 40 minims (1.25—2.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Nutmegs. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 166 
MEDICINAL FLUID EX TP ACTS. 
No. 234. NUX VOMICA, U. S. P., 1880 (Assayed). 
The Seed of Strychnos Nux Vomica. 
(Contains not less than 1.5 per cent, of Natural Alkaloids. 
Natural Order.—Eoganiacese. 
Habitat.—India, East India Islands. 
Common Name.—Nux Vomica. 
Active Constituents.—Strychnine, Brucine, Igasuric Acid, 
Igasurine. 
This powerful drug is chiefly valuable as a stimulant tonic 
to the spinal marrow, through which it seems to affect the 
motor nerves. It is useful in nervous prostration, in delirium 
tremens, in some cases of paralysis, etc. It often relieves 
obstinate constipation due to atony of the bowels. 
Antidotes.—Emetics of Sulphate of Zinc, Mustard or Ipecac, 
or Hypodermic inj ection of Apomorphine ; Animal Charcoal; 
Bromide of Potassium or Chloral; Nitrite of Amyl inhalations ; 
Chloroform or Ether to relax the muscles; Hypodermic injec- 
tions of Curare. 
Dose.—1 to 5 minims (0.06—0.30 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Nux Vomica, TJ. S. P., 1880 (Assayed). 
Pharmacopoeial Test.—100 grains of Tincture (6o° F.) evapor- 
ated to dryness on a water-bath, should yield not less than two 
grains of dry extractive matter. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 11 fluid ounces (330. c. c.) 
Water 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—5 to 20 minims (0.30—1.25 c. c.). 
No. 235. OATS. 
The Seed of Avert a Sativa. 
Natural Order.—Graminacese. 
Habitat.—Europe, North America. 
Common Name.—Oat. 
Active Constituents.—Bitter extractive, Starch, Gluten. 
Therapeutically this is said to be a nerve stimulant and 
tonic, and is useful in all cases of mental lethargy, due to loss 
of nerve power. It has been more especially recommended as 
an antidote or specific for the cure of the opium habit. 
Dose.—15 to 30 minims (0.92—1.90 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
167 
No. 236. OPIUM. 
The Concrete Juice from Papaver Somniferum. 
Natural Order.—Papaveracese. 
Habitat.—Western Asia. 
Common Name.—Opium. 
Active Constituents.—Morphine, Narcotine, Codeine, Narceine, 
with Meconic Acid and various other Alkaloids in small quantities. 
(Each fluid ounce [30 c. c.] contains 15 grains [0.97 gms.] of Morphine.) 
All powdered opium which we employ in the manufacture of 
our various preparations, must respond to a morphiometric 
assay of not less than 14 per cent. 
This concentrated preparation of opium is used for the pur- 
pose of making the Tincture of Opium (Eaudanum), U. S. P., 
1880. Four fluid ounces (120. c. c.) represent one avoirdupois 
ounce (28.35 gms.—437/4 grains) of carefully assayed Powdered 
Opium, so as to meet the required morphiometric assay of the 
U. S. P. If desired to use this preparation medicinally to obtain 
the effects of Opium, five minims (0.30 c. c.) would be the dose. 
Antidotes.—In case of poisoning by Opium, the antidotes are 
an emetic of ten grains Sulphate of Copper, the stomach pump, 
external stimulants, cold affusion, Ammonia to the nostrils, 
enforced exertion and artificial respiration. Belladonna or 
Hypodermic injection of Atropine is also recommended ; Strych- 
nine ; Nitrite of Amyl; Gelsemium. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Opium, U. S. P., 1880. 
(Each fluid ounce [30. c. c.] contains 6 grains [0.4 gins.] of Morphine.) 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 6 fluid ounces (180. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—11 minims (0.68 c. c.) or 22 drops. 
Tincture of Opium, U. S. P., 1870. 
Each fluid ounce [30. c.c.] contains about 5 grains [0.32 gms.] of Morphine.) 
Fluid Extract 5)4 fluid ounces (165. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol io)4 fluid ounces (315. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—13 minims (0.80 c. c.) to 25 drops. 
No. 237. OPIUM, AQUEOUS. 
The title Fluid Extract, in this case, is a commercial mis- 
nomer, and should not be understood to indicate a stronger 
preparation. 168 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Each fluid ounce (30. c. c.) of this preparation represents six 
grains (0.4 gms.) of morphine ; it will be found to contain all of the 
valuable alkaloids unimpaired, and in their natural condition. 
The drug is exhausted with water alone, then concentrated, and 
a small percentage of alcohol added to prevent deterioration. 
Dose.—10 to 15 minims (0.60—0.92 c. c.). 
No. 238. OPIUM, CAMPHORATED. 
(For making Tinctura Opii Camphorata, U. S. P, 1880.) 
(Each fluid ounce [30. c. c.] contains 1.96 grains [0.128 gms.] of Morphine.) 
This preparation, representing in a concentrated form the 
well-known remedy “Paregoric Elixir,” may be used in all 
cases of pains in the stomach, resulting from flatus or indigestion, 
and to allay cough where no inflammation exists. 
Dose.—5 to 20 minims (0.30—1.25 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Opium, Camphorated, U. S. P., 1880. 
(Each fluid ounce [30. c. c.] contains .245 grains [0.016 gms.] of Morphine.) 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 5 fluid ounces (150. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
No. 239. OPIUM, DEODORIZED, U. S. P., 1880. 
(Each fluid ounce [30. c. c.] contains 6 grains [0.4 gms.] of Morphine.) 
This preparation and the U. S. P. Tincture Opium, Deodor- 
ized, are identical. The title Fluid Extract, in this case, is a 
commercial misnomer and should not be understood to indicate 
a stronger preparation. It will be found thoroughly reliable, 
and may be used to obtain the soporific or narcotic effects of 
opium in many cases where the ordinary preparations of that 
drug are contraindicated. 
Dose.—10 to 20 minims (0.60—1.25 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
169 
No. 240. ORANGE PEEL, BITTER, IT. S. P., 1880. 
The Dried Rind of the Ripe Seville Orange (Citrus Vulgaris). 
Natural Order.—Aurantiaceae. 
Habitat.—West Indies. Cultivated in sub-tropical countries. 
Common Name.—Bitter Orange Peel. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Hesperidin. 
This is a mild tonic and carminative, rather more efficient 
than the sweet peel. It serves as a corrigent to other bitter 
medicines, to overcome their nauseating and griping properties. 
Dose.—y2 to 2 flui4 drachms (1.90—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Bitter Orange Peel, IT. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.) 
Infusion of Bitter Orange Peel. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Bitter Orange Peel. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Magnesium Carbonate 2 drachms (7.8 gtns.) 
Sugar 14 troy ounces (435.5ogms.) 
Rub the fluid extract and magnesium carbonate with one 
troy ounce (31. gms.) of the sugar, and while triturating, add 
gradually four fluid ounces (120. c. c.) of water. Filter the 
liquid, and then add sufficient water to make the whole measure 
eight fluid ounces (240. c. c.) ; dissolve in it the remainder of 
the sugar, with the aid of a gentle heat, and strain. 
Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 241. ORANGE PEEL, SWEET. 
The Dried Rind of Citrus Aurantium. 
Natural Order.—Aurantiaceae. 
Habitat.—Florida, West Indies. Sub-tropical. 
Common Name.—Sweet Orange Peel. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Hesperidin. 
Medicinally, this is used as a mild tonic and carminative, and 
will often serve as an adjuvant to the more powerful bitters, to 
overcome their nauseating properties. 
Dose.—]/2 to 2 fluid drachms (1.90—7.50 c. c.). 170 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Sweet Orange Peel, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Alcohol ... . . 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Sweet Orange Peel. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Sweet Orange Peel. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Magnesium Carbonate 2 drachms (7.8 gms.) 
Sugar 14 troy ounces (435.50 gms.) 
Rub the fluid extract and magnesium carbonate with one 
troy ounce (31. gms.) of the sugar, and while triturating, add 
gradually four fluid ounces (120. c. c.) of water. Filter the 
liquid, and then add sufficient water to make the whole measure 
eight fluid ounces (240. c. c.); dissolve in it the remainder of 
the sugar, with the aid of a gentle heat, and strain. 
Dose.—]/2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 242. ORANGE PEEL, SWEET, SOLUBLE. 
The Rind of the Fruit Citrus Aurantium. 
(.For making the Syrupus Aurantii Dulcis, U. S. P.) 
Dose.—i to 3 fluid drachms (3.75—11.25 c. c.)* 
PREPARATION. 
Syrup of Sweet Orange Peel, Soluble. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—4 to 8 fluid drachms (15.—30. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
171 
No. 243. ORRIS ROOT. 
The Rhizome of Iris Florentina. 
Natural Order.—Iridacese. 
Habitat.—Northern Italy. 
Common Names.—Florentine Orris, White Flag. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Resin, Bitter extractive. 
This drug is said to be emetic and cathartic, though it is 
scarcely used as a medicine but more as a flavoring ingredient 
to cologne, perfumery, mouth-washes, etc. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Orris Root. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Syrup of Orris Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—]/2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 244. PANSY. 
The Wild. Flowering Herb of Viola Tricolor. 
Natural Order.—Violacese. 
Habitat.—Europe, North America. 
Common Names.—Pansy, Heart’s Ease, Johnny-jump-up. 
Active Constituents.—Salicylic Acid, Resin, Bitter extractive. 
The therapeutical properties ascribed to this plant are 
emollient, alterative and expectorant. It is useful in pectoral, 
nephritic and cutaneous affections. 
Dose.—15 to 60 minims (0.92—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Infusion of Pansy. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—l/z to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 172 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Syrup of Pansy. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 245. PAREIRA BRAVA, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Root of Chondodendron Tomentosum. 
Natural Order.—Menispermaceae. 
Habitat.—Brazil. 
Common Name.—Pareira Brava. 
Active Constituents.—Pelosine, Resin, Bitter extractive. 
This drug is highly esteemed by many physicians in chronic 
diseases of the bladder and urinary passages. It is also exten- 
sively used in cases of stone in the bladder. 
Dose.—Yx to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Pareira Brava. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Pareira Brava. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Pareira Brava. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 246. PARSLEY ROOT. 
The Root of Petroselinum Sativum. 
Natural Order.—Umbelliferse, Orthospermse. 
Habitat.—Southern Europe. Cultivated extensively. 
Common Name.—Parsley Root. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Apiin. 
The medicinal properties of this drug are said to be aperient 
and diuretic, and it is used extensively in domestic practice in 
nephritic and dropsical affections. 
Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
• Infusion of Parsley Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M: Dose.—J4 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 247. PARSLEY SEED. 
The Fruit of Petroselinum Sativum. 
Natural Order.—Umbelliferse, Orthospermse. 
Habitat.—Levant, Southern Europe. Cultivated extensively. 
Common Name.—Parsley Seed. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Resin, Apiol, Apiin. 
The medicinal properties of these fruits are the same as those 
of the root, but much more powerful in effective results. The 
antiperiodic effects in intermittent cases is due to the action of 
the volatile oil and apiol. It is also highly commended as an 
emmenagogue in cases of amenorrhcea and dysmenorrhcea. 
Dose.—20 to 30 minims (1.25—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Parsley Seed. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Alcohol 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Parsley Seed. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose. fluid ounce (15. c. c.). 174 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
, No. 248. PELLITORY. 
The Root of Anacyclus Pyrethrum. 
Natural Order.—Composite, Anthemideas. 
Habitat.—Mediterranean coast. 
Common Name.—Pellitory. 
Active Constituents.—Acrid Resin and fixed Oils, Pyrethrine. 
Therapeutically, this drug is a powerful sialagogue and stim- 
ulant, serving to relieve chronic inflammations and engorge- 
ments, and is also useful as a mouth-wash in sore or inflamed 
gums. 
Dose.—5 to 20 minims (0.30.—1.25 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Pellitory, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract fluid ounces ( 82.50 c. c.) 
Alcohol 13X fluid ounces (397.50 c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—20 to 60 minims (1.25—3.75 c. c.). 
No. 249. PENNYROYAL. 
The Leaves and Tops of Hedeoma Pulegioides. 
Natural Order.—Eabiatse. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Name.—Pennyroyal. 
'Active Constituent.—Volatile Oil. 
Therapeutically, this herb is a stimulant, diaphoretic, emmen- 
agogue and carminative ; its use being almost exclusively con- 
fined to domestic practice in cases of suppressed lochia, given 
in hot infusion in conjunction with the warm foot-bath. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Infusion of Pennyroyal. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid ounces (60.—120. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
175 
No. 250. PICHI. 
The Small Branches, IVood and Leaves of Fabiana Imbricata. 
Natural Order.—Conifene. 
Habitat.—Chili. 
Common Name.—Piehi. 
Active Constituents.—Bitter Resin, Volatile Oil. 
Considerable attention has recently been directed to this val- 
uable South American drug. Although having achieved quite 
a local reputation, its great importance in diseases of the urinary 
apparatus has been, until recently, imperfectly appreciated. It is 
extensively employed in the treatment of vesical catarrh—acute 
or chronic—following a mechanical cause, such as gravel or cal- 
culus, by quickly modifying the urinary secretions, calming the 
irritability and favoring the expulsion of gravel and calculi 
through the urethra. Its specific action upon the liver is 
attributed to diuretic properties, though especially recommended 
in those dyspeptic disorders due to insufficient biliary secretions. 
Our facilities for procuring an exceptional quality of this drug 
are at present unsurpassed, and by a careful study of its character 
and constituents, we have been enabled to prepare a fluid extract 
which in every particular represents the therapeutic virtues of 
the drug. 
Dose.—15 to 40 minims (0.92—2.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Pichi. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water . . • 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.) 
No. 251. PIMPINELLA. 
The Root of Pimpinella Saxifraga. 
Natural Order.—Umbelliferse, Orthospermse. 
Habitat.—Central Europe. 
Common Names.—Pimpernel, Saxifraga. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Acrid Resin, Pimpinellin. 
Medicinally, this drug ranks as a stomachic, diuretic and 
diaphoretic, and as a local stimulant. It is useful in chronic 
catarrh, asthma, amenorrhcea, etc. 
Dose.—20 to 30 minims (1.25—1.90 c. c.). 176 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Pimpinella. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
No. 252. PINK ROOT, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Rhizome and Rootlets of Spigelia Marilandica. 
Natural Order.—Loganiaceae. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Names.—Worm Grass, Pink Root. 
Active Constituents.—Spigeline, Resins, Bitter extractive. 
This article ranks among the powerful anthelmintics. It 
produces a feebly narcotic impression when taken in large doses, 
and should always be combined with cathartics. 
Dose.—yi to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Pink Root. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Pink Root. 
Fluid Extract Yz fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Hot Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c. ) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). It should be 
combined with, or immediately followed by a cathartic. 
Syrup of Pink Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Liquor Potassa .1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
177 
No. 253. PINK ROOT AND SENNA. 
(A combination of the two drugs with the addition of Aromatic Oils.) 
This combination is known and used as a safe and reliable 
vermifuge for adults and children. 
Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.), according to 
age and symptoms. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Pink Root and Senna. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Pink Root and Senna. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Pink Root and Senna. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Liquor Potassa 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 254. PIPSISSEWA, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Herb of Chimaphila Umbellata. 
Natural Order.—Ericaceae, Pyroleae. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—Princess Pine, Ground Holly. 
Active Constituents.—Arbutin, Ericolin, Tannin, Resin, Chima- 
philin. 
The medicinal properties of this drug are tonic, diuretic and 
astringent. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Pipsissewa. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 178 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Infusion of Pipsissewa. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Pipsissewa. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ("60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No 255. PLANTAIN. 
The Leaves of Plantago Major. 
Natural Order.—Plantaginaceae. 
Habitat.—Europe, North America. 
Common Name.—Plantain Leaves. 
Active Constituents—Resin, Bitter extractive. 
In domestic practice, this drug is used medicinally as a 
refrigerant, diuretic, astringent and deobstruent. It has been 
highly extolled in hemorrhagic cases, especially from the lungs, 
and also in dysenteric troubles. 
Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Infusion of Plantain. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Plantain. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Syrup 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Cataplasm or Poultice of Plantain Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Hot Water . . . 6 fluid ounces (180. c. c.) 
To be mixed intimately with ground elm bark, flaxseed-, 
Indian-, rye- or oat-meal to the proper consistence and applied 
warm to the affected parts. MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
179 
No. 256. PLEURISY ROOT. 
The Root of Asclepias Tuberosa. 
Natural Order.—Asclepiadacese. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Names.—Butterfly Weed, Wind Root, Tuber Root. 
Active Constituents.—Bitter principle, two Resins. 
Therapeutically, this drug is used as an expectorant and 
diaphoretic. It also possesses tonic properties without being 
stimulating, and is used extensively in catarrhal affections, 
pneumonia, pleurisy and other pectoral diseases—hence its 
popular name. 
Dose.—]/2 to 2 fluid drachms (1.90—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Pleurisy Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water . • 5 fluid ounces (150. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Pleurisy Root. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce (30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Pleurisy Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 257. POISON OAK. 
The Leaves of Rhus Toxicodendron. 
Natural Order.—Anacardiaceae. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Name.—Poison Oak. 
Active Constituent.—Toxicodendric Acid. 
The medicinal properties of this drug are those of a narcotic 
and irritant poison, and it is said to be valuable in paralysis, 180 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
chronic rheumatism, and in various cutaneous affections, and 
other diseases requiring a stimulant narcotic effect. 
Antidote.—Copious draughts of solution of Carbonate of 
Sodium are recommended to counteract the irritating effect of 
this drug. 
Dose.—2 to 10 minims (0.12—0.60 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Poison Oak. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 5 fluid ounces (150. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—10 to 30 minims (0.60—1.90 c. c.), 
cautiously administered. 
Infusion of Poison Oak. 
Fluid Extract fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Hot Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—J4 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.), cautiously 
administered. 
No. 258. POKE ROOT. 
The Root of Phytolacca Decandra. 
Natural Order.—Phytolaccaceae. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—Garget, Scoke, Coakum. 
Active Constituents.—Resin, Tannin, Volatile Oil. 
The medicinal properties of this drug are emetic, purgative, 
alterative and feebly narcotic. It has acquired considerable 
reputation in cases of chronic rheumatism, etc. 
Dose.—io to 30 minims (0.60—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Poke Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water • 5 fluid ounces (150. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
181 
Infusion of Poke Root. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
Dose.—to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 259. POMEGRANATE BARK. 
The Bark of the Root of Punica Granatum. 
Natural Order.—Granatacese. 
Habitat.—Mediterranean Coast, Hast and West Indies. 
Common Name.—Pomegranate Bark. 
Active Constituents.—Pelletierine, Punico, Tannin. 
Therapeutically, this drug is employed for its astringency, in 
diarrhoea, colliquative sweats, etc., and as an addition to injec- 
tions or lotions in cases of leucorrhoea, or in gargles for sore 
throat, etc. It has also acquired some reputation for the expul- 
sion of the tape-worm. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Pomegranate Bark. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 5 fluid ounces (150. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Pomegranate Bark. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Pomegranate Bark. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 182 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 260. POPLAR BARK. 
The Bark of Populus Tremuloides. 
Natural Order.—Salicacese. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Name.—American Aspen. 
Active Constituents.—Populin, Salicin. 
Therapeutically, this bark is a tonic and febrifuge, and is 
useful in intermittent fever, and in the debility succeeding acute 
disease. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Infusion of Poplar Bark. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid ounces (30.—120. c. c.). 
No. 261. POPPY FLOWERS. 
The Petals of Papaver Rhceas. 
Natural Order.—Papaveraceae. 
Habitat.—Asia and Europe. 
Common Names.—Red Poppy Elower. 
Active Constituents.—Rhceadine, Rhoeadic and Papaveric Acids. 
The medicinal uses of this drug are those of a mild opiate, 
and it may be used in cases of cough, requiring a mild 
sedative effect. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Syrup of Poppy Flowers. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 262. POPPY HEADS. 
The Capsules of Papaver Somniferum. 
Natural Order.—Papaveraceae. 
Habitat.—Western Asia. 
Common Name.—Poppy Capsules. 
Active Constituents.—Traces of the principal alkaloids of Opium. 
Therapeutically, this drug is used as a feeble narcotic, repre- 
senting opium in its mildest form, and this extract maybe added 
to cough or other mixtures with advantage. 
M. Dose.—Y to 2 fluid drachms (1.90—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Poppy Heads. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Poppy Heads. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—]/z to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). This prepara- 
tion is useful as an anodyne fomentation to painful tumors, etc. 
Syrup of Poppy Heads. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Cataplasm or Poultice of Poppy Heads. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Hot Vinegar 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Mix with linseed-, oat-, Indian-or rye-meal to form a poultice, 
and apply to the painful parts. 184 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 263. PRICKLY-ASH BARK, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Bark of Xanthoxylum Americanum. 
Natural Order.—Rutaceae. 
Habitat.—North America 
Common Names.—Tooth-ache Tree, Yellow Wood, Suter Berry. 
Active Constituents.—Oleo-resin, Bitter extractive. 
The effect of this bark is stimulant, producing general arterial 
excitement, with a tendency to diaphoresis. It is a favorite 
domestic remedy in cases of chronic rheumatism. 
Dose.—10 to 30 minims (0.60—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Prickly-Ash Bark. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 11 fluid ounces (330. c. c.) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—20 to 60 minims (1.25—3.75 c. c.). 
Infusion of Prickly-Ash Bark. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—yi to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 264. PRICKLY-ASH BERRIES. 
The Berries or Fruit of Xanthoxylum Americanum. 
Natural Order.—Rutacese. 
Habitat.—United States (south). 
Common Names.—Tooth-ache Tree, Suter Berry. 
Active Constituent.—Oleo-resin. 
Medicinally, these berries are stimulant, carminative and 
antispasmodic, acting especially upon the mucous tissues. They 
are useful also in nervous diseases, chronic rheumatism, etc. 
Dose.—io to 30 minims (0.60—1.90 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
185 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Prickly-Ash Berries. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol • 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water . 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—-7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Prickly-Ash Berries. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water . . • 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—]/z to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Prickly-Ash Berries. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PTELEA (see Wafer Ash). 
No. 265. PULSATILLA. 
The Plant Anemone Pulsatilla. 
Natural Order.—Ranunculacese, Anemonese. 
Habitat.—Europe, North America. 
Common Name.—Pasque Flower. 
Active Constituent.-Acrid oily substance (Volatile). 
Medicinally, this drug is alterative and emmenagogue. It is 
also a valuable nervine stimulant and uterine tonic. 
Dose.—2 to 5 minims (0.12—0.30 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Pulsatilla. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c. j 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—10 to 15 minims (0.60—0.92 c. c.). 186 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Infusion of Pulsatilla. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
No. 266. QUASSIA. 
The Wood of Pier ana Excelsa. 
Natural Order.—Simarubaceae. 
Habitat.—J araaica. 
Common Name.—Quassia Wood. 
Active Constituents.—Resin, Quassin. 
The medicinal virtues of this drug are those of the simple 
bitters. It is a valuable tonic, adapted to dyspeptic cases, and 
to those debilitated conditions of the system which often succeed 
acute disease. 
Dose.—5 to 10 minims (0.30—0.60 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Quassia, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract \]/2 fluid ounces ( 45. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol fluid ounces (435. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.) 
Infusion of Quassia. 
Fluid Extract X fluid ounce (7.50 c. c.) 
Cold Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
No. 267. QUEBRACHO. 
The Bark of Aspidosperma Quebracho. ' 
Natural Order.—Apocynacese (variety “Blanco”). 
Habitat.—Argentine Republic, Chili. 
Common Name.—Quebracho Bark. 
Active Constituents.—Aspidospermine, Quebrachine. 
Therapeutically, this bark is said to be tonic, diuretic aud 
antispasmodic, acquiring also a reputation as a specific in cases 
of dyspnoea, asthma and other nervous affections. 
Dose.—io to 30 minims (0.60—1.90 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
187 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Quebracho. 
Fluid Extract • •• 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Quebracho. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Cold Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Quebracho. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.) 
Wine of Quebracho. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 3 fluid drachms (3.75—11.25 c. c.). 
No. 268. QUEEN OF THE MEADOW. 
The Root of Eupatorium Purpureum. 
Natural Order.—Compositse. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Names.—Gravel Root, Trumpet Weed. 
Active Constituents.—Eupatorin, Volatile Oil, Resin. 
The medicinal properties of this drug are diuretic, tonic, 
stimulant and astringent. It may be used with good results in 
dropsical affections, gravel and other chronic disorders of the 
kidney and bladder. 
Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 188 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Queen of the Meadow. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.) 
Infusion of Queen of the Meadow. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.— l/z to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Queen of the Meadow. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup . . . 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 269. QUEEN’S ROOT, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Root of Stillingia Sylvatica. 
Natural Order.—Euphorbiacese. 
Habitat.—Southern United States. 
Common Names.—Queen’s Delight, Yaw Root, Silver Leaf. 
Active Constituents.—Pungent Resin, Stillingine, Volatile Oil. 
As an alterative, this drug ranks fully as high as sarsaparilla, 
and is considered superior by many physicians. When the two 
are combined, they form an excellent vehicle for giving the 
iodides in cases requiring a combination of the vegetable and 
mineral alterative treatment. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Queen’s Root, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water • 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
189 
Infusion of Queen’s Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 270. QUEEN’S ROOT COMPOUND. 
(Queen’s Root, Turkey Corn, Pipsissewa, Blue Flag, Burdock, Coriander, 
Prickly-Ash Berries.) 
This compound will be found to be powerfully alterative, and 
is invaluable in cases of syphilis, rheumatism and diseases of the 
mucous passages, and an excellent adjuvant for administering the 
iodides. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Compound Tincture of Queen’s Root. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—3 to 6 fluid drachms (11.25—22.50 c. c.). 
Compound Infusion of Queen’s Root. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c.c.) 
M. Dose.—Yl to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Compound Syrup of Queen’s Root. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Alcohol 2 fluid ounces ( 60.c.c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
•No. 271. RHATANY, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Small Roots of Krameria Triandra. 
Natural Order.—Krameriacese. 
Habitat.—Peru, Bolivia, New Granada. 
Common Name.—Rhatany Root. 
Active Constituent.—Kramero-tannic Acid, twenty per cent. 
This extract is made from the smaller roots, carefully selected, 
as better representing the full medicinal properties of this 190 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
valuable drug, which are those of a mild tonic and powerful 
astringent in cases of diarrhoea, passive hemorrhages and other 
morbid discharges from the bowels. 
Dose.—to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Rhatany, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Rhatany. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Cold Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). Useful as a 
wash or injection. 
Syrup of Rhatany. 
Fluid Extract 6 fluid ounces (180. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Ointment of Rhatany. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces (60. c. c.) 
Evaporate to a soft consistence, and mix intimately with 
fresh lard, two troy ounces (62. gms.). Useful in bleeding 
hemorrhoids. 
No. 272. RHUBARB, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Root of Rheum Officinale. 
Natural Order.—Polygonacese. 
Habitat.—Western and Central China. 
Common Name.—Rhubarb. 
Active Constituents.—Chyrsophan, Chrysophanic Acid, Rheo- 
tannic Acid. 
In the selection and gathering of this well-known drug, the 
utmost precaution is exercised to reject all defective and 
inferior portions, with which it is not infrequently mixed. MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
191 
It is subjected to a most thorough inspection and the per- 
centage of resino-extractive matter accurately determined by 
assay. As a cathartic and astringent, this preparation has no 
superior, the latter property not interfering with the former, as 
the purgative effect precedes the astringent, and therefore it is 
useful in diarrhoea when an aperient is indicated. It is also quite 
efficient in dyspepsia attended with constipation. 
Dose.—20 to 40 minims (1.25—2.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Rhubarb, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract Rhubarb 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Cardamom fluid drachms (9.40 c. c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water fluid ounces (112.50c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Rhubarb. 
Fluid Extract y2 fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Hot Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Rhubarb. 
Fluid Extract 1 y. fluid ounces ( 45. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup fluid ounces (435. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—4 to 8 fluid drachms (15.—30. c. c.). 
Wine of Rhubarb. 
Fluid Extract Rhubarb i$4 fluid ounces (48.75 c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Calamus 1 fluid drachm ( 3.75 c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 14X fluid ounces (427.50 c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 273. RHUBARB, AROMATIC. 
(Combining Rhubarb Root with Spices.) 
This combination is a warm stomachic laxative, well adapted 
for bowel complaints, diarrhoea, dysentery, etc., and is so 
combined with aromatics, as to produce no nausea or disturbance 
of the organs of digestion. 
Dose.—to 2 fluid drachms (1.90—7.50 c. c.). 192 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Aromatic Tincture of Rhubarb. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Aromatic Syrup of Rhubarb. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 6 fluid ounces (180. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 3 pints (1440. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.) for adults; ]/2 
to 2 fluid drachms (1.90—7.50 c. c.) for infants and children. 
Aromatic Infusion of Rhubarb. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
No. 274. RHUBARB AND POTASSA COMPOUND. 
(A combination of Rhubarb and Golden Seal, with Potassium 
Carbonate and Aromatics.) 
This combination is a valuable remedy, combining in an 
agreeable form that of a laxative, antacid and tonic. It is useful 
in constipation, dyspepsia and acidity of the stomach, and when 
diluted with syrup forms the neutralizing cordial. 
Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Syrup of Rhubarb and Potassa Compound. 
(Neutralizing Cordial.) 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Syrup 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
193 
No. 275. RHUBARB AND SENNA. 
(Rhubarb Root, Senna and Aromatics). 
This is a valuable stomachic and purgative remedy. It is 
usually acceptable to the stomach, and is well adapted to cases 
of habitual constipation with gastric uneasiness, especially in 
persons of gouty habits, and to those addicted to the use of 
alcoholic stimulants. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Rhubarb and Senna. 
(Or Warner’s Gout Cordial). 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 46 fluid ounces (1380. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—]/2 to 2 fluid ounces (15.—60. c. c.). 
Infusion of Rhubarb and Senna. 
Fluid Extract y2 fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Hot Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid ounces (60.—120. c. c.). 
Syrup of Rhubarb and Senna. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
No. 276. RHUBARB, SWEET. 
(For making the Tinctura Rhei Dulcis, U. S. P., 1880.) 
This preparation, designed for making the officinal tincture 
rhubarb (sweet), represents the medicinal properties of rhubarb 
aromatized in a very agreeable form, and may be given to 
children advantageously. 
Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Rhubarb, Sweet, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 4fluid ounces (127.50 c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol fluid ounces (622.50 c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 194 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 277. RHUS AROMATICA. 
The Bark of Rhus Triloba. 
Natural Order.—Anacardiaceae. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Names.—Fragrant Sumach, Squaw Berry. 
Active Constituent.—Resinous extractive. 
The medicinal use of this drug is that of a specific in the cure 
of diabetes, which assertion we only quote as given from various 
authorities. The true therapeutic effects are those of an 
astringent, diuretic and stimulant. 
Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Rhus Aromatica. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Rhus Aromatica. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Rhus Aromatica. 
Fluid Extract . 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yz fluid ounce (15. c. c.). 
No. 278. ROSE LEAVES, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Petals of Rosa Centifolia. 
Natural Order.—Rosacese, Rosese. 
Habitat.—Europe, North America. 
Common Name.—Pale Rose Leaves. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Tannin. 
The well-known astringent and aromatic properties of this 
drug, class it as a valuable remedy in cases of diarrhoea and 
dysentery, and also as a flavoring ingredient to the acidulous 
and nauseous bitters. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
195 
PREPARATIONS. 
Compound Infusion of Rose Leaves. 
Fluid Extract fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Dilute Sulphuric Acid 3 fluid drachms (11.25 c. c.) 
Refined Sugar 1% troy ounces (46.5 gms.) 
Hot Water pints (1200. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid ounces (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Syrup of Rose Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Honey of Rose Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Clarified Honey 25 troy ounces (775. gms.) 
M. Dose.—% to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.), or as a gargle. 
No. 279. ROSIN WEED. 
The Root of Silphium Gummiferum. 
Natural Order.—Asteraceae. 
Habitat.—Western United States. 
Common Names.—Rosin Weed, Compass Plant. 
Active Constituent.—Resinous extractive. 
Therapeutically, this root is emetic, diuretic, febrifuge and 
expectorant. It is beneficial in obstinate dry coughs, asthmatic 
affections and pulmonary catarrhal diseases. It is useful, also, 
in intermittent fevers. 
Dose.—20 to 40 minims (1.25—2.50. c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Rosin Weed. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 196 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Infusion of Rosin Weed. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yi to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Rosin Weed. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Liquor Potassa 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Alcohol 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 280. RUE. 
The Leaves of Ruta Graveolens. 
Natural Order.—Rutacese. 
Habitat.—Southern Europe. Cultivated. 
Common Name.—Rue. 
Active Constituents.—Resin, Volatile Oil, Rutin. 
The medicinal effects of this drug are those of a stimulant, 
abortifacient and diaphoretic. It is valuable in dysmenorrhoea, 
amenorrhoea and in suppressed lochia, from cold or local con- 
gestion of the uterine functions. 
Dose.—15 to 30 minims (0.92—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Rue. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 11 fluid ounces (330. c. c.) 
Water 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—Y* to 2 fluid drachms (1.90—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Rue. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
197 
No. 281. SAGE. 
The Leaves of Salvia Offiicinalis 
Natural Order.—Tabiatse, Monardeae. 
Habitat.—Southern Europe. Cultivated. 
Common Name.—Sage. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Resin, Tannin. 
This well-known domestic remedy is valuable as an aromatic 
stimulant and diaphoretic. It is useful as an addition to gargles 
in sore throat, quinzy and other diseases of a congestive character. 
Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Sage. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Sage. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Wine of Sage. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—4 to 8 fluid drachms (15.—30. c. c.). It 
may also be used as a stimulant wash to indolent ulcers or sores. 
No. 282. SANDAL WOOD. 
The Inner Ligneous Portion of Santalum Album.. 
Natural Order.—Santalacese. 
Habitat.—Southern India, Feejee Islands, Sandwich Islands. 
Common Name.—Sandal Wood. 
Active Constituents.—Resin, Tannin, Volatile Oil. 
The medicinal properties of this article are those of a 
refrigerant and diuretic, and it is said to be an efficient cure for 
gonorrhoea—some practitioners preferring it to copaiba. The 
aroma is observable in the urine in a few hours after using it. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Sandal Wood. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 11 fluid ounces (330. c. c.) 
Water 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Syrup of Sandal Wood. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c.c.) 
Liquor Potassa 2 fluid drachms (7.50 c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c.c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 283. SARSAPARILLA, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Root of Stnilax Officinalis. 
Natural Order.—Smilacese. 
Habitat.—From Mexico to Brazil. 
Common Name.—Sarsaparilla. 
Active Constituents.—Parillin, Resin. 
The alterative properties of this drug, as a remedy in scorbutic 
and cutaneous diseases, are too well-known to require any 
description. As a vehicle for the administration of iodides, it is 
very extensively prescribed. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Infusion of Sarsaparilla. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Sarsaparilla. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup. 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
199 
No. 284. SARSAPARILLA COMPOUND, U. S. P., 1880. 
(Sarsaparilla Root, Liquorice Root, Sassafras and Mezereon Barks.) 
Among alterative remedies, for use in cutaneous and scorbutic 
diseases and in syphilitic and scrofulous disorders, this prepara- 
tion occupies a prominent rank. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Compound Infusion of Sarsaparilla. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 285. SARSAPARILLA COMPOUND. 
(For making the U. S. P. Syrup.) 
(Sarsaparilla, Pale Rose Reaves, Senna, Liquorice, Guaiacum Wood, with 
the addition of the aromatic Oils of Sassafras, Anise and Gaultheria.) 
This preparation is a valuable alterative and stimulant in 
cutaneous and scorbutic affections, and it will be found to be an 
excellent vehicle for the administration of the iodides. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Compound Syrup of Sarsaparilla, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Compound Decoction of Sarsaparilla. 
Fluid Extract 2fluid ounces ( 75. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
No. 286. SARSAPARILLA AND DANDELION. 
This is a valuable combination, representing the alterative 
properties of sarsaparilla, with the tonic and diuretic action of 
dandelion root. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.).- 200 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Infusion of Sarsaparilla and Dandelion. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c,). 
Syrup of Sarsaparilla and Dandelion. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 287. SASSAFRAS BARK. 
The Bark of the Root of Sassafras Officinale 
Natural Order.—Eauracese. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Name.—Sassafras Bark. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Resin, Sassafrid. 
This bark is stimulant and diaphoretic, and is said to be anti- 
scorbutic. It has also been highly recommended in rheumatic, 
cutaneous and syphilitic affections. Its principal use, however, 
is that of an adjuvant to other more efficient remedies, improving 
the flavor and rendering them more cordial to the stomach. 
Dose.—1/2 to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Sassafras Bark. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Sassafras Bark. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
201 
No. 288. SAVINE, TJ. S. P., 1880. 
The Tops of funiperus Sabina. 
Natural Order.—Coniferae. 
Habitat.—Europe, Canada, United States (north). 
Common Name.—Savine. 
Active Constituents.—Volative Oil, Resin, Tannin. 
Medicinally, this drug is highly stimulant in its action upon 
both the skin and the uterus. It is useful in menorrhagia and 
amenorrhoea, but should never be given when much local and 
general excitement exists. 
M. Dose.—5 to 20 minims (0.30—1.25 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Savine. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 11 fluid ounces (330. c. c.) 
Water 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—20 to 40 minims (1.25—2.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Savine. 
Fluid Bxtract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Cerate of Savine. 
Fluid Bxtract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Resin Cerate 12 troy ounces (372. gms.) 
Evaporate the extract over a water-bath to a thick consistence, 
and mix intimately with the resin cerate, previously melted. 
No. 289. SAW PALMETTO. 
The Berries or Drupes■ of Serenoa Serrulala. 
Natural Order.—Palmeae. 
Habitat.—Southern United States. 
Common Name.—Saw Palmetto. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Fixed Oil, Saccharine extrac- 
tive matter. 
Current literature, during the past year or two, has furnished 
a number of communications relating to Saw Palmetto, and we 
desire to call the attention of the profession to our fluid extract, 
which thoroughly represents the therapeutic properties of the 
drug. 202 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Saw Palmetto was originally employed for the relief of pros- 
tatic enlargement, as it occurs in elderly persons, but more 
recently it has been found to possess marked aphrodisiac proper- 
ties when administered in small doses at short intervals. Not 
infrequently, it will be found to produce most salutary effects 
when enlargement of the prostate is associated with sexual 
incapacity, the exhibition of the remedy being followed, it is 
said, by renewed vigor of the reproductive organs. I11 this class 
of cases, however, it is needless to add, that caution should be 
exercised, to avoid the depression which is certain to follow 
over-stimulation. 
This drug is also recommended as an excellent nutrient tonic, 
possessing sedative and diuretic properties. By its calmative 
effect upon the mucous membrane, it produces sleep, relieves 
cough, promotes expectoration and improves digestion. It is 
also used with great benefit in cardiacal asthma, laryngeal 
phthisis, chronic bronchitis, and is reported to be a specific in 
catarrhal affections, effecting a cure that is rapid and permanent 
in results. 
Dose.—to 2 fluid drachms (1.90—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Saw Palmetto. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water ' 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to6 fluid drachms (7.50—22.50 c. c.). 
Syrup of Saw Palmetto. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Glycerin 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Syrup 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 290. SCULLCAP, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Herb of Scutellaria Lateriflora. 
Natural Order.—Eabiatas, Stachydeae. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—Blue Scullcap, Mad Weed, Hoodwort. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Bitter extractive. 
This plant has valuable nervine or antispasmodic properties, 
and has been successfully used in neuralgic and nervous affections. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
203 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Scullcap. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water • • . 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50 to 15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Scullcap. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yt to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Scullcap. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 291. SEA-WRACK. 
The Sea Weed, Fucus Vesiculosus. 
Natural Order.—Algse. 
Habitat.—Atlantic Ocean. 
Common Name.—Bladder Wrack. 
Active Constituents.—Organic Matter (sixty-two per cent.), Organic 
principles with various Salts. 
This remedy is coming into vogue for reducing obesity, 
and some well-authenticated cases are reported, where its use 
has seemed entirely successful. In addition, all food that is fat- 
producing should be avoided, and a diet of strictly nitrogenous 
matter should be adhered to. All carbonaceous food, such as 
grain, potatoes, fat, and malt liquors, tend to promote the for- 
mation of fat. 
Dose.—yi to 2 fluid drachms (1.90—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Sea-Wrack. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 204 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Infusion of Sea-Wrack. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
Dose.—Yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Wine of Sea-Wrack. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
SENECIO (see Life Root). 
No. 292. SENEGA, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Root of Poly gala Senega. 
Natural Order.—Polygalaceae. 
Habitat.—United States (west and south). 
Common Names.—Senega, Seneca, Snake Root. 
Active Constituents.—Polygalic Acid, Pe'ctic Acid, Methyl- 
Salicylic Ether. 
This is a valuable and well-known stimulant-expectorant, 
much used in chronic catarrhal affections. It is also diuretic 
and cathartic. 
Dose.—io to 20 minims (o.6o—1.25 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Senega. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—20 to 60 minims (1.25—3.75 c. c.). 
Infusion of Senega. 
A 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—}.{ to Yz fluid ounce (7.50—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
205 
Syrup of Senega. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
No. 293. SENNA, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Leaves of Cassia Aculifolia. 
Natural Order.—Eeguminosae, Caesalpinese. 
Habitat.—Eastern and Central Africa. 
Common Name.—Senna. 
Active Constituent.—Cathartic Acid. 
As a medicine, Senna is one of our safest and most reliable 
purgatives, adapted either for children or adults. It has some 
griping properties which can best be avoided by combining the 
extract with aromatics. 
Dose.—i to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Senda. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Water 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.j 
M. and filter. Dose.—3 to 6 fluid drachms (11.25—22.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Senna. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.J. 
Syrup of Senna. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Spiced Syrup of Rhubarb 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—X to 1 fluid ounce (7.50 to 30. c. c.). 206 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 294. SENNA, AQUEOUS. 
The Leaves of Cassia Acutifolia. 
The value of this preparation is in its cathartic effect without 
griping; the menstruum used dissolving out the cathartic to 
the exclusion of the resinous griping principle, which effect 
renders it a very desirable remedy for children or enfeebled 
aged persons. 
Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Senna, Aqueous. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.j 
Water 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—3 to 6 fluid drachms (11.25—22.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Senna, Aqueous. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Senna, Aqueous. 
Fluid Extract , 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Spiced Syrup Rhubarb 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 8 fluid drachms (7.50—30. c. c.). 
No. 295. SENNA, COMPOUND. 
The Leaves of Cassia Acutifolia, wtth Aromatics. 
This is a very desirable combination of this valuable cathartic 
remedy, aromatized so as to overcome the nauseating and 
griping effects. 
Dose.—i to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Senna, Compound. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—3 to 6 fluid drachms (11.25—22.50 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
207 
Infusion of Senna, Compound. 
, t' ■ ■ . 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Senna, Compound. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Spiced Syrup Rhubarb 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 8 fluid drachms (7.50—30. c. c.). 
No. 296. SENNA AND JALAP. 
This is a prompt, safe and reliable cathartic, uniting the 
tonic and laxative effects of senna with the more powerful effect 
of jalap. It will be found to be an excellent remedy for bilious 
or hepatic derangement. 
M. Dose.—X to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Senna and Jalap. 
(Elixir Salutis.) 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol . 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Senna and Jalap. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—X to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Senna and Jalap. . 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—X to X fluid ounce (7.50—15. c. c.). 208 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 297. SENNA PODS. 
The Fruit of Cassia Acutifolia. 
Natural Order.—Leguminosae, Caesalpinaese. 
Habitat.—Upper Egypt, Nubia, Africa. 
Common Name.—Senna Pods. 
Active Constituents.—Cathartic Acid, Resinous extractive. 
1 
The advantage claimed for these fruits is that they contain 
more of the cathartic principle of Senna than the leaves. We 
prepare the fluid extract from the Alexandria Senna Pods, using 
a menstruum which dissolves out the cathartic principles to the 
exclusion of the resinous griping substance, thereby adapting 
its use to cases of children or aged enfeebled persons. 
Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Infusion of Senna Pods. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c- c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Senna Pods. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
SERPENTARIA (see Virginia Snake Root). 
No. 298. SIMARUBA. 
The Bark of the Rooi of Simaruba Officinalis. 
Natural Order.—Simarubacse. 
Habitat.—Northern Brazil, West Indies, Guiana. 
Common Name.—Simaruba Bark. 
Active Constituents.—Resin, Quassin. 
Medicinally, this drug may be classed with the simple tonic 
bitters and used for the same purpose. It has acquired a reputa- 
tion as a specific in dysentery and obstinate diarrhoea, simply 
acting by its tonicity in overcoming the debilitating and enfeebled 
condition consequent upon these diseases. 
Dose.—20 to 60 minims (1.25—3.75 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
209 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Simaruba Bark. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 5 fluid ounces (150. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Simaruba Bark. 
Fluid Extract Y* fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Hot Water . 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
No. 299. SKUNK CABBAGE. 
The Root of Draconiium Foetidum. 
Natural Order.—Araceae. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—Meadow Cabbage, Skunk Weed. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Principle, Resin. 
The medicinal properties of this drug are stimulant, anti- 
spasmodic and expectorant. It is useful in asthma, whooping- 
cough, nervous irritability, hysteria and epilepsy. 
Dose.—20 to 60 minims (1.25—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Skunk Cabbage. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60,. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 5 fluid ounces (150. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.) 
Infusion of Skunk Cabbage. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Skunk Cabbage. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 210 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 300. SOAP BARK. 
The Bark of Quillaia Saponana. 
Natural Order.—Rosaceae, Spirseeae. 
Habitat.—Chili, Peru. 
Common Names.—Quillaia, Soap Bark. 
Active Constituent.—Saponin, two per cent. 
The medicinal virtues of this bark are those of a stimulant 
expectorant, diuretic and detergent. Owing to its irritating 
properties when snuffed up the nostrils, it may be used as a 
sternutatory. 
Dose.—10 to 20 minims (0.60—1.25 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Soap Bark. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
Infusion of Soap Bark. 
Fluid Extract x/2 fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Hot Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 301. SOLOMON’S SEAL. 
The Root of Polygonatum Biflorum. 
Natural Order.—Eiliaceae, Asparagineae. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Name.—Solomon’s Seal. 
Active Constituents.—Convallarin, Asparagin. 
The medicinal properties of this drug are said to be cathartic, 
diuretic and emetic. It has been used effectively in gout and 
rheumatism, and as an external application in bruises and 
tumors, serving as an excellent deobstruent. 
Dose.—io to 30 minims (0.60—1.90 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
i f 1 f- 
Tincture of Solomon’s Seal. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol ... . 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
Infusion of Solomon’s Seal. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 302. SPIKENARD. 
The Root of Aralia Racemosa. 
Natural Order.—Araliaceae. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—Life-of-Man, Petty-Morrel. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Resin. 
This drug is alterative and aromatic, and is a valuable remedy 
in some pulmonary diseases. 
Dose.—to 2 fluid drachms (1.90—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Spikenard. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Spikenard. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 212 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Syrup of Spikenard. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 303. SPINY BURREED. 
The Plant Xanthium Spinosum. 
Natural Order.— Composite. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Name—Spiny Clot-burr. 
Active Constituent.—Resinous extractive. 
Medicinally, this plant is sudorific and diaphoretic, but its 
value, at present, is in its supposed qualities as a specific cure 
for hydrophobia. 
Dose.—15 to 30 minims (0.92—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Spiny Burreed. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 3 fluid drachms (3.75—11.25 c- c.). 
Infusion of Spiny Burreed. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Spiny Burreed. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
213 
No. 304. SQUAW VINE. 
The Herb Mitchella Repens. 
Natural Order.—Rubiaceae, Coffese. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Name.—Squaw Vine. 
Active Constituents.—Resin, Saponin principle. 
This is recommended as a valuable alterative and uterine 
tonic, useful in cases of diarrhoea and dysentery, but especially 
endorsed as a specific in cases of amenorrhoea, dysmenorrhcea 
and where there is a congestive or enfeebled uterine action. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Squaw Vine. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Squaw Vine. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
No. 305. SQUAW VINE, COMPOUND. 
(Or, Helonias Compound). 
(Representing the ingredients of the Compound Syrup of Squaw Vine, 
commonly known as “ Mother’s Cordial.”) 
The medicinal properties of this preparation are those of a 
uterine tonic and anti-spasmodic. It is useful in all deranged 
conditions of the reproductive organs. It is stated it will 
prevent miscarriage and facilitate easy labor, and appears to 
exert a specific tonic influence on the uterus. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 214 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATION. 
Syrup of Squaw Vine, Compound. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 306. SQUILL, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Bulb of Urginea Scilla, divested of its dry membranous outer scales, 
sliced a7id dried. 
Natural Order.—Lilacese, I^ilese. 
Habitat.—Mediterranean Coast. 
Common Name.—Squill. 
Active Constituents.—Scillipicrin, Scillitoxin, Scillin-Scillain. 
The medicinal properties of this favorite drug are expectorant, 
diuretic, and in large doses, emetic and purgative. 
Dose.—5 to 6o minims (0.30—3.75 c. c.), according to effect 
desired. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Squill, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
Water 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—20 to 60 minims (1.25—3.75 c. c.). 
Syrup of Squill. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Acetic Acid No. 8 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c. ) 
M. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
Vinegar of Squill. 
Fluid Extract fluid ounces ( 52.50c. c.) 
Dilute Acetic Acid fluid ounces (427.50 c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
215 
No. 307. SQUILL, ACETIC. 
The Bulb of Urginea Scilla. 
The medicinal properties of this drug as an expectorant are 
well-known. In this fluid extract, the root is exhausted with 
acetic acid, thus avoiding the stimulating effects of alcohol. 
Dose.—10 to 60 minims (0.60—3.75 c. c), diluted with water. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Syrup of Squill, Acetic. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
Vinegar of Squill, Acetic. 
Fluid Extract fluid ounces (105. c. c.) 
Water 12 fluid ounces (375. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
No. 308. SQUILL, COMPOUND. 
(Squill ajjd Senega.) 
This valuable combination is emetic, diuretic and expectorant. 
It is useful in cases of croup and other pectoral troubles, and, in 
large doses, it will often act as a cathartic. 
Dose.—5 to io minims (0.30—0.60 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Squill and Senega. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water . . 5 fluid ounces (150. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
Syrup of Squill and Senega, or Compound Syrup of Squill. 
(Coxe’s Hive Syrup.) 
Fluid Extract 8 fluid ounces ( 240. c. c.) 
Tartar Emetic 48 grains ( 3. gms. ) 
Simple Syrup 40 fluid ounces (1200. c. c.) 
M. Heat one pint (480. c. c.) of the syrup to the boiling 
point, and then carefully dissolve in it the tartar emetic, and 216 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
mix with the balance of the syrup ; lastly, add the fluid extract, 
and thoroughly mix the whole together and strain. 
Dose.—From 5 minims (0.30 c. c.) to 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.), 
according to age, symptoms, constitution and effect desired. 
STILLINGIA (see Queen's Root). 
No. 309. STAVESACRE. 
The Dried Ripe Seeds of Delphinium Staphisagria. 
Natural Order.—Ranunculaceaa, Helleborese. 
Habitat.—South of Europe. 
Common Name.—Stavesacre. 
Active Constituents.—Delphinine, Delphinoidine, Delphisine, 
Staphisain. 
This drug is emetic, cathartic and diuretic. It is poisonous, 
and its internal use has been almost abandoned on account of its 
violent effects. Externally, it is useful as an embrocation in 
rheumatic complaints and for the destruction of vermin. Care 
must be taken not to use externally if the skin is broken. 
Dose.—i to 2 minims (0.06—0.12 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Stavesacre. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 5 minims (0.12—0.30 c. c.), 
cautiously administered, and when used externally, care should 
be taken to use only on the unbroken skin. 
Ointment of Stavesacre. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces (60. c. c.) 
Evaporate to a soft consistence, then mix intimately with 
lard, four ounces (ii3.4gms.). N. B.—Useonlyonthe unbroken 
skin or surface. MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
217 
No. 310. STONE ROOT. 
The Root of Collinsonia Canadensis. 
Natural Order.—Eabiatae, Saturcieae. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—Horse Weed, Horse Balm, Rich Weed. 
Active Constituent.—Resinous extractive. 
This root is considered tonic, astringent, diaphoretic and 
diuretic, and of late, attention has been called to it in cases of 
catarrh of the bladder, gravel, etc. 
Dose.—Yl to 1 fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Stone Root. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water . 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Stone Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—yi to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Stone Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 311. STRAMONIUM LEAVES (Assayed). 
The Leaves of Datura Stramonium. 
(Contains not less than 0.3 per cent, of natural Alkaloids, Daturine, 
Hyoscyamine.) 
Natural Order.—Solanacese. 
Habitat.—Asia. Naturalized in most countries. 
Common Names.—Thornapple, Jamestown Weed, Jimson Weed. 
Active Constituents.—Daturine, Hyoscyamine. 
In moderate doses, this drug is sedative, anodyne and anti- 
spasmodic ; in large doses, powerfully narcotic. It is used suc- 
cessfully in mania and epilepsy, and is also beneficial in many 218 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
cases of rheumatism, neuralgia, and spasmodic asthma. It is a 
remedy that should never be given in plethoric cases, unless 
preceded by ample depletion, and its elfects should be closely 
watched. 
Antidotes.—In cases of poisoning by Stramonium, the anti- 
dotes are an emetic, ten grains of Sulphate of Copper, twenty 
grains of Sulphate of Zinc, one ounce of Wine of Ipecac, Chlo- 
roform inhalations, or Hypodermic injection of one-tenth grain 
Apomorphine. 
Dose.—2 to 5 minims (0.12—0.30 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Stramonium Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—10 to 20 minims (0.60—1.25 c. c.). 
Infusion of Stramonium Leaves. 
Fluid Extract y2 fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Hot Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). Useful 
as a fomentation to painful tumors and wounds. 
Syrup of Stramonium Leaves. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Ointment of Stramonium Leaves. 
Fluid Extract . •. 1 fluid ounce (30. c. c.) 
Evaporate to a soft extract, and mix intimately with fresh 
lard, 1 troy ounce (31. gms.). 
No. 312. STRAMONIUM SEEDS, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Seeds of Datura Stramonium. 
(Contains not less than 0.35 per cent. Natural Alkaloids, Daturine, 
Hyoscyamine.) 
Natural Order.—Solanacese. 
Habitat.—Asia. Naturalized in most countries. 
Common Names.—Thornapple, Jamestown Weed, Jimson Weed. 
Active Constituents.—Daturine, Resin, Hyoscyamine. 
In medicinal activity, the seeds are stronger than the leaves, 
and rank as a powerful narcotic—controlling maniacal spasm, MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
219 
epilepsy, etc. They are also valuable as a sedative and anodyne, 
to relieve troublesome coughs and other pectoral disorders. 
Antidotes.—In cases of poisoning by Stramonium, the anti- 
dotes are an emetic, ten grains of Sulphate of Copper, twenty 
grains of Sulphate of Zinc, one ounce of Wine of Ipecac, Chlo- 
roform inhalations, or Hypodermic injection of one-tenth grain 
Apomorphine. 
to 3 minims (0.06—0.18 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Stramonium Seeds, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounces ( 45. c. c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water fluid ounces (135. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—5 to 30 minims (0.30—1.90 c. c.). 
Ointment of Stramonium Seeds. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce (30. c. c.) 
Evaporate to a and mix intimately with fresh 
lard, 1 troy ounce*(31. gms.). 
No. 313. STYRAX, SOLUBLE. 
A Balsam from the Inner Bark of Liquidambar Orientalis. 
Natural Order.—Hamamelacese, Balsamifluas. 
Habitat.—Asia Minor. 
Common Name.—Storax. 
Active Constituents.—Styrol, Cinnamic Acid (a resinous 
compound). 
This drug is a stimulating expectorant, and is highly extolled 
in phthisis, asthma, chronic catarrh, etc. This preparation is 
miscible with either alcohol, syrup or water, and may be used 
for all the purposes designed. 
Dose.—20 to 60 minims (1.25—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Syrup of Styrax. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 220 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 314. SUMACH BERRIES, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Berries of Rhus Glabrum. 
Natural Order.—Anacardiacese. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—Upland Sumach, Pennsylvania Sumach. 
Active Constituents.—Alkaline salts, Tannin. 
This is sometimes used as a refrigerant and astringent in 
inflammatory cases, but its principal value is as an addition to 
gargles for sore throat or sore mouth. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Sumach Berries. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Sumach Berries. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—]/2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Sumach Berries. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 315. SUNDEW. 
The Leaves of Drosera Rotundifolia. 
c Natural Order.—Droseraceae. 
Habitat.—North America, Europe. 
Common Name.—Sundew. 
Active Constituent.—Acrid resin. 
/, -V ' ■ 
The medicinal virtues of this drug are reputed to be expecto- 
rant. It is useful in asthma, pertussis and spasmodic cough, etc. 
Dose.—20 to 60 minims (1.25—3.75 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
221 
PREPARATION. 
Syrup of Sundew. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 316. SWEET FERN. 
The Plant Comptonia Asplenifolia. 
Natural Order.—Myricacese. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Name.—Sweet Fern. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Tannin, Gallic Acid, Saponin. 
Medicinally, this plant is tonic, astringent and alterative. It 
is used extensively as a domestic remedy in diarrhoea, dysentery, 
haemoptysis, and as a wash in leucorrhcea, etc. 
Dose.—20 to 60 minims (1.25—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Sweet Fern. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 4 fluid drachms (3.75—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Sweet Fern. 
Fluid Extract . 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Sweet Fern. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose. to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 222 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 317. TAG ALDER. 
The Bark of Ainus Rubra. 
Natural Order.—Betulaceae. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Names.—Red Alder, Smooth Alder, Common Alder. 
Active Constituent.—Extractive. 
This drug is alterative, emetic and astringent. It is used in 
scrofula, secondary syphilis and cutaneous diseases. 
Dose.—20 to 60 minims (1.25—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Tag Alder. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Tag Alder. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Tag Alder. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c.c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 318. TAMARAC BARK. 
The Bark of Pinus Pendula, or Larix Americana. 
Natural Order.—Coniferse. 
Habitat.—New England States. 
Common Names.—Black Larch, American Larch, Hackmetack. 
Active Constituents.—Extractive. No analysis. , 
Medicinally, this drug is said to be laxative, tonic, diuretic 
and alterative. 
Dose.—Yt to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
223 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Tamarac. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Tamarac. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
No. 319. TANSY. 
The Leaves and Tops of Tanacetum Vulgare. 
Natural Order.—Compositae. 
Habitat.—North America (Indigenous to Europe). 
Common Name.—Tansy. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Tanacetin. 
Medicinally, this herb is tonic, emmenagogue and diapho- 
retic ; also an irritant narcotic, useful in intermittents, hysteria, 
amenorrhcea and as a vermifuge. Its use, however, in regular 
practice is limited, being employed almost exclusively as a 
domestic remedy. 
Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Tansy. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Tansy. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water ' 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 224 
MEDICINAL FLUID-EXTRACTS. 
No. 320. TEA. 
The Leaves of Camellia Tkea, or Thea Chinensis. 
Natural Order.—Fernstraemiaceae. 
Habitat.—Southeastern Asia. Cultivated. 
Common Name.—Tea. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Theine, Boheic Acid, Tannin. 
The medicinal value of this well-known leaf is astringent, 
tonic, stimulant and nervine, and as a valuable exhilarant, taken 
at the morning and evening meal. It will often relieve a nervous 
headache, where the ordinary medicaments fail, and our Fluid 
Extract will be found to fully represent the qualities of a high 
grade of Formosa tea. 
Dose.—to 1 fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Infusion of Tea. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—-60. c. c.). 
No. 321. TOLU. 
{For making Tinctura Tolutana, U. S. P., 1880,—Balsam from Myroxylon 
Toluifera.) 
Natural Order.—Eeguminosse, Papilionaceae. 
Habitat.—Venezuela, New Granada. 
Common Name.—Balsam Tolu. 
Active Constituents.—Resins, Cinnamic and Benzoic Acids. 
(Each fluid ounce [30. c. c.] represents one-half troy ounce [15.5 gms.] of the 
Balsam.) 
This preparation represents, in a concentrated form (purely 
alcoholic and very convenient for simple dilution with alcohol 
to make the officinal tincture) the well-known medicinal prop- 
erties of this drug as an expectorant and stimulant, and may 
be added to any cough-mixture to obtain the full remedial value. 
■Dose.—5 to 15 minims (0.30—0.92 c. c.), in sweetened water or 
dropped on sugar. MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
225 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Tolu. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Alcohol 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
No. 322. TOLU, SOLUBLE. 
(For making Syrupus Tolulanus, U. S. P., 1880.) 
This preparation represents, in a concentrated form a solution 
of the balsam of Tolu, which is readily miscible with either 
syrup, alcohol or water, forming a clear and bright mixture. It 
is useful as an aromatic addition to cough-mixtures, and also 
possesses an expectorant effect of its own. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
preparation. 
Syrup of Tolu. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
Dose.—to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 323. TONKA BEANS. 
The Seed of Dipterix Odorata. 
Natural Order.—Eegutninosae, Papilionacese. 
Habitat.—Guiana. 
Common Name.—Tonqua Bean. 
Active Constituent.—Coumarin. 
This drug is not classed as having any special therapeutic 
effects, its use being confined chiefly to flavoring snuffs, colognes, 
etc. Medicinally, it is sometimes used in whooping-cough. 
Dose.—io to 15 minims (0.60—0.92 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Tonka Beans. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 226 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 324. TRIFOLIUM COMPOUND. 
We desire to call especial attention to this valuable alterative 
compound, which represents the medicinal virtues of Red Clover, 
Queen’s Root, Burdock Root, Poke Root, Berberis Aquifolium, 
Cascara Amarga and Prickly-Ash Bark, combined with Iodide of 
Potassium. In the treatment of syphilitic disorders, especially 
when they have acquired the secondary form, this preparation 
has proven remarkably efficient, giving immediate relief, and 
eventually modifying those distressing symptoms which charac- 
terize this disease. The flattering reports which we have 
received, attending its administration in the most aggravated 
cases, justify us in offering it to the profession with our most 
cordial endorsement. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Trifolium Compound. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Trifolium Compound. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (,450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Trifolium Compound. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 325. TULIP TREE. 
The Bark of Liriodendron Tulipifera. 
Natural Order.—Magnoliaceae. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Names.—Tulip Tree, Yellow Poplar, White Wood. 
Active Constituent.—Liriodendrin. 
Therapeutically, this bark is aromatic, stimulant, tonic, bene- 
ficial in intermittents and chronic gastric trouble. Also valuable 
in the hectic fever, diarrhoea and night sweats of phthisical 
patients. 
Dose.—15 to 30 minims (0.92—1.90 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
227 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Tulip Tree. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.) 
Infusion of Tulip Tree. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
No. 326. TURKEY CORN. 
The Root of Corydalis Formosa. 
Natural Order.—Fumariaceae. 
Habitat.—Canada, United States (south). 
Common Names.—Wild-Turkey Pea, Squirrel Corn. 
Active Constituents.—Resin, Corydaline, Fumaric Acid. 
This drug is tonic, diuretic and alterative, and is given in 
scrofulous, syphilitic, and cutaneous diseases. It is a favorite 
remedy with the eclectic physicians. 
Dose.—20 to 60 minims (1.25—3.75 c. c.). 
Tincture of Turkey Corn. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Turkey Corn. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce«(i5.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Turkey Corn. 
Fluid Extract . . . . • 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 228 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 327. TURMERIC. 
The Root of Curcuma Longa. 
Natural Order.—Zingiberacese. 
Habitat.—East Indies, Cochin China. 
Common Name.—Turmeric. 
Active Constituents.—Curcumin, Volatile Oil, Turmerol. 
The use of this drug is simply as a coloring agent for oint- 
ments and tinctures, and for the detection of alkalies and borates. 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Turmeric. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Alcohol 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. and filter. 
No. 328. TWIN LEAF. 
The Root of Jeffersonia Diphylla. 
Natural Order.—Berberidacese. 
Habitat.—United States (south and west). 
Common Names.—Twin Leaf, Rheumatism Root,Ground-Squirrel Pea. 
Active Constituents.—Resin, Tannin, Saponin (an acrid, nauseous 
principle, resembling Polygallic Acid). 
Medicinally, this root is diuretic, alterative, antispasmodic 
and a stimulating diaphoretic. It is also claimed to have expec- 
torant and emetic properties, similar to senega root, valuable in 
chronic rheumatism, and as an alterative tonic in secondary or 
mercurio-syphilis. 
Dose.—15 to 30 minims (0.92—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Twin Leaf. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Twin Leaf. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
229 
No. 329. UNICORN ROOT. 
The Root of Aletris Farinosa. 
Natural Order.—Haemodoraceae. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Names.—Star Grass, Colic Root, Star Wort. 
Active Constituent.—Bitter extractive. 
This root is tonic in small doses ; when freely given, it is apt 
to induce nausea, and will act as an emetic and cathartic. Its 
principal use is in domestic practice in diseases of the female sex, 
and it is said to exert a specific influence upon the uterus itself, 
imparting tonicity and vigor to the organ. 
Dose.—20 to 40 minims (1.25—2.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Unicorn Root. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Unicorn Root. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Unicorn Root. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No, 330. UVA URSI, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Leaves of Arctostaphylos Uva Ur si. 
Natural Order.—Ericaceae, Ericineae. 
Habitat.—Northern Hemisphere. 
Common Names.—Bearberry, Mountain Cranberry. 
Active Constituents.—Tannin, Arbutin, Ericolin. 
This drug is an astringent tonic, with a special tendency to 
the urinary organs. It has been used with marked success in 
irritable bladder, especially when combined with buchu or other 
diuretics. 
Dose.— l/z to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 230 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Uva Ursi. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Uva Ursi. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce (30. c.c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c.c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Uva Ursi. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c.c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 331. VALERIAN, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Root of Valeriana Officinalis. 
Natural Order.—Valerianacese. 
Habitat.—Europe, Northern Asia. 
Common Name.—Valerian. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Valerianic Acid. 
This is a very well known nervous sedative, largely used in 
hysteria, and allied disorders. It is often employed in delirium 
tremens, generally in combination with other anodynes, or 
wTith tonics. 
Dose.—15 to 30 minims (0.92—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Valerian, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—to 2 fluid drachms (1.90—7.50 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
231 
Infusion of Valerian 
Fluid Extract %. fluid ounce ( 15.C.C.) 
Hot Water . • 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Valerian. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Eiquor Potass 2 fluid drachms (7.50 c. c.) 
Alcohol 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Ammoniated Tincture of Valerian, U. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Aromatic Spirits Ammonia 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.), 
largely diluted with cold water. 
No. 332. VERVAIN. 
The Root and Herb of Verbena Hastata. 
Natural Order.—Verbenaceae. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Names.—Wild Hyssop, Simpler’s Joy. 
Active Constituent.—Extractive. 
The medicinal properties of this drug are tonic, emetic, 
expectorant and sudorific. It is valuable in intermittent fevers, 
and in cases of general debility during convalescence from acute 
diseases. 
Dose.—20 to 60 minims (1.25—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Vervain. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Vervain. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 232 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 333. VIBURNUM COMPOUND. 
(Cramp Bark, Scullcap, Wild Yam, with Aromatics.) 
This combination is used medicinally as a stimulant and anti- 
spasmodic. It is useful in asthma, hysteria and all nervous dis- 
eases, and is recommended by Dr. Hayden as a valuable remedy 
for colic, cramps and spasms incidental to pregnancy. 
Dose.—y. to 2 fluid drachms (1.90—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Viburnum Compound. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—4 to 8 fluid drachms (15.—30. c. c.). 
No. 334. VIRGINIA SNAKE ROOT. 
(Serpentaria.) 
The Root of Aristolochia Serpentaria. 
Natural Order.—Aristolochiacese. 
Habitat.—United States (southwest). 
Common Name.—Virginia Snake Root. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Bitter extractive, Resin. 
This is an excellent stimulant tonic. It is also diaphoretic 
and diuretic, and when combined with cinchona, forms an 
excellent prescription in intermittent fever or in the languid 
condition of the system succeeding acute disease. 
Dose.—to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Virginia Snake Root. 
Fluid Extract i% fluid ounces ( 45. c. c.) 
Alcohol fluid ounces (315. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Virginia Snake Root. 
Fluid Extract l/2 fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Hot Water 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
233 
Syrup of Virginia Snake Root. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Alcohol 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 335. VIRGINIA STONE CROP. 
The Herb of Penthorum Sedoides. 
Natural Order.—Crassulacese. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Name.—Virginia Stone Crop. 
Active Constituents.—A peculiar Tannin, Extractive. 
Therapeutically, this drug is astringent, demulcent and laxa- 
tive. It is useful in the treatment of diarrhoea and hemorrhoids 
and, as a deobstruent in relieving inflammation of the mucous 
membrane. 
Dose.—20 to 60 minims (1.25—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Virginia Stone Crop. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Virginia Stone Crop. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Virginia Stone Crop. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 234 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
No. 336. WAFER ASH. 
The Bark of the Root of Ptelea Trifoliata. 
Natural Order.—Xanthoxylaceae. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Names.—Wingseed, Hop Tree. 
Active Constituents.—Oleo-resin, Berberina. 
The medicinal properties of this drug are purely tonic. It 
is useful in the debility succeeding acute diseases, and, as a 
gastric tonic, promoting the appetite and aiding digestion. 
Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Wafer Ash. 
Fluid Extract 3 fluid ounces ( 90. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—y2 fluid ounce (15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Wafer Ash. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
No. 337. WAHOO. 
The Bark of the Root of Euonymus Atropurpureus. 
Natural Order.—Celastracese. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Names.—Indian Arrow Wood, Spindle Tree, Burning Bush. 
Active Constituents.—Euonymin, Resins. 
Physiological experiments and clinical experience agree in 
the view that Euonymus is a stimulant to the liver—a chola- 
gogue of special power. It is, therefore, a very satisfactory 
remedy in cases of torpor of the liver, in congestion of the liver, 
in jaundice from catarrh of the bile ducts, in ascites from 
obstructive disease of the liver. It is much more effective than 
mercurials, and entirely free from their objectionable features. 
As a bitter, it acts as a tonic to the stomach, promotes appetite 
and digestion, and is peculiarly valuable, because, as an hepatic 
stimulant, it promotes the intestinal digestion, the solution and 
absorption of fats, etc. 
M. Dose.—y2 to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
235 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Wahoo. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Wahoo. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yt. to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Wahoo. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 338. WATER PEPPER. 
The Plant of Polygonum Punctatum. 
Natural Order.—Polygonaceae. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Name.—Smart Weed. 
Active Constituent.—Resinous extractive. 
This plant is stimulant, diuretic, emmenagogue and vesicant. 
It is said to be a valuable remedy in amenorrhcea and other 
uterine derangements. 
Dose.—15 to 30 minims (0.92—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Water Pepper. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 5 fluid ounces (150. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 236 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Infusion of Water Pepper. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Syrup of Water Pepper. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c. ) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
No. 339. WHITE-OAK BARK. 
The Bark of Quercus Alba. 
Natural Order.—Cupuliferae. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Name.—White-Oak Bark. 
Active Constituents.—Tannin, Resin. 
This is a valuable astringent remedy for passive hemorrhages, 
but it is not often used internally. Locally, it is used as an 
addition to gargles for sore throat, as a wash for hemorrhoids, or 
as an injection in leucorrhoea. 
Dose.—yz to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of White-Oak Bark. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of White-Oak Bark. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). Used locally, 
as a wash for hemorrhoids, or as an injection in vaginal troubles. 
Syrup of White-Oak Bark. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
237 
No. 340. WHITE-WILLOW BARK. 
The Bark of Salix Alba. 
Natural Order.—Salicaceae. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Name.—White-Willow Bark 
Active Constituents.—Tannin, Salicin. 
Therapeutically, this drug is tonic, anti-periodic and astrin- 
gent. It is useful in intermittent fever, dyspepsia and in chronic 
diarrhoea, hemorrhages, etc. 
Dose.—20 to 60 minims (1.25—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of White-Willow Bark. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of White-Willow Bark. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c.c.). 
No. 341. WILD INDIGO. 
The Root of Baptisia Tinctoria. 
Natural Order.—Eeguminosee, Papilionaceae. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—Rattle Bush, Horse-fly Weed. 
Active Constituents.—Baptitoxine, Baptisin, Baptin, Resin. 
The medicinal virtues are antiseptic, emetic, astringent and 
purgative. It is also claimed to have the property of arresting 
gangrene or threatened mortification. 
Dose.—5 to 20 minims (0.30—1.25 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Wild Indigo. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water . . . . . . ... 5 fluid ounces (150. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 238 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
Infusion of Wild Indigo. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water • 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Use as a gargle for ulcerated sore throat or mercurial 
sore mouth. 
Cataplasm or Poultice of Wild Indigo. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Hot Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Mix intimately with ground elm bark, flaxseed-, rye-, or 
Indian-meal, to the proper consistency. This is a useful 
application as an antiseptic to malignant ulcers or gangrenous 
inflammation. 
No. 342. WILD YAM. 
The Root of Dioscorea Villosa. 
Natural Order.—Dioscoreacese. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Name.—Colic Root. 
Active Constituents.—Acrid principle, Resin. 
Medicinally, this root is used by the eclectic practitioners as 
a specific for the cure of bilious colic, in which it is said to give 
immediate relief. It has also been used as an antispasmodic in 
cholera morbus, and for cramps in the stomach. 
Dose.—20 to 40 minims (1.25—2.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Wild Yam. 
Fluid Extract • .... 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Infusion of Wild Yam. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—x/t to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.) 
Syrup of Wild Yam. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
239 
No. 343. WINTERGREEN. 
The Leaves of Gaultheria Procumbens. 
Natural Order.—Ericaceae, Ericineae. 
Habitat.—United States. 
Common Names.—Tea Berry, Deer Berry, Mountain Tea. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Resin, Tannin. 
This drug combines a stimulant effect with astringency, and 
is valuable in chronic diarrhoea, but it is more generally used to 
impart flavor to other bitter remedies, rendering them more 
acceptable to the stomach. 
Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Wintergreen. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Wintergreen. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c.c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid ounces (30.—60. c. c.). 
Syrup of Wintergreen. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 344. WITCH HAZEL, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Bark of Hamamelis Virginica. 
Natural Order.—Hamamelacese. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—Winter Bloom, Spotted Alder. 
Active Constituents.—Tannin, Bitter extractive, Volatile Oil. 
This drug has become very popular as a domestic remedy to 
relieve hemorrhoidal affections, when applied as a wash, on 
account of its sedative and discutient properties. As a tonic and 
anodyne, it is highly endorsed. 
Dose.—i to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 240 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Witch Hazel. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Witch Hazel. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Hot Water 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). It is useful as 
a wash in hemorrhoidal affections. 
Syrup of Witch Hazel. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 345. WORMSEED. 
The Fruit or Seeds of Chenopodium Anthelminticum. 
Natural Order.—Chenopodiaceae. 
Habitat.—West Indies, Central America. 
Common Name.—Jerusalem Oak. 
Active Constituent.—Volatile Oil. 
The valuable medicinal properties of this drug, as an anthel- 
mintic, are well known ; and our Fluid Extract is recommended 
as being superior to the oil, and more easily administered. 
M. Dose.—20 to 60 minims (1.25—3.75 c. c.). 
No. 346. WORMSEED COMPOUND. 
(Wormseed, Manna, Pink Root, Savine and Senna, with choice aromatics.) 
This well-known and extensively used anthelmintic represents 
the old-fashioned worm tea, forming one of the most elegant and 
reliable preparations for the purpose yet devised. Being very 
palatable, it is easily administered. 
Dose.—For children one to two teaspoonfuls (3.75—7.50 c. c.) 
at night and early in the morning, on an empty stomach ; for 
adults, a tablespoonful (15. c. c.) at the same time, and in the 
same manner. MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
241 
No. 347. WORMWOOD. 
The Tops and Leaves of Artemisia Absinthium. 
Natural Order.—Compositse, Senecionidese. 
Habitat.—Asia, Europe, Africa, North America. 
Common Name.—Wormwood. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Absinthin, Tannin, Resin. 
This drug is highly recommended as a tonic in debilitated 
conditions of the digestive organs. 
Dose.—10 to 30 minims (0.60—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Wormwood. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 10 fluid ounces (300. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
Infusion of Wormwood. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Use as a fomentation to recent bruises, sprains or 
swellings. 
Syrup of Wormwood. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Alcohol 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Wine of Wormwood. 
Fluid Extract ]/2 fluid ounce ( 15. c. c.) 
Sherry Wine 16 fluid ounces (480. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 8 fluid drachms (7.50—30. c. c.). 
No. 348. YARROW. 
The Herb and Flowers of Achillea Millefolium. 
Natural Order.—Compositse, Senecionidese. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Name.—Milfoil. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Achilleine, Resin, Tannin. 
This drug is a mild aromatic tonic and astringent. It is given 
in cases of hemorrhage, and as a diaphoretic in exanthematous 
fevers with difficult eruption. 
Dose.—y2 to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 242 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Yarrow. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 9 fluid ounces (270. c. c.) 
Water 5 fluid ounces (150. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Yarrow. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup of Yarrow. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 349. YELLOW DOCK, U. S. P., 1880. 
The Root of Rumex Crispus. 
Natural Order.—Polygonacese. 
Habitat.—Europe, North America. 
Common Names.—Narrow Dock, Curled Dock. 
Active Constituents.—Tannin, Rumicin, Chrysophanic Acid. 
This drug is tonic and astringent, but has been more exten- 
sively used for its alterative properties in scorbutic diseases and 
cutaneous eruption. 
Dose.—]/2 to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Yellow Dock. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Yellow Dock. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
243 
Syrup of Yellow Dock. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c.c.) 
Alcohol 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 350. YELLOW JASMINE (Assayed), U. S. P., 1880. 
The Root of Gelsemium Sempervirens. 
(Contains not less than 0.2 percent, of natural Alkaloids.) 
Natural Order.—Eoganiaceae. 
Habitat.—Southern United States. 
Common Names.—Wild Jessamine, Woodbine. 
Active Constituents.—Gelsemine, Gelseminine, Gelsemic Acid. 
In addition to its valuable properties as an arterial and 
nervous sedative, this drug has one important advantage over 
all other medicines of its class in not leaving any unpleasant 
effects, and from this quality, it has obtained a high reputation 
as a febrifuge. 
Dose.—5 to 10 minims (0.30—0.60 c. c.). 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Yellow Jasmine, 17. S. P., 1880. 
Fluid Extract fluid ounces (67.50 c. c.) 
Alcohol 11 fluid ounces ( 330. c.c.) 
Water 2)4) fluid ounces (82.50 c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—10 to 30 minims (0.60—1.90 c. c.). 
No. 351. YELLOW PARILLA. 
The Root of Menispertnum Canadense. 
Natural Order.—Menispermaceae. 
Habitat.—North America. 
Common Names.—Moon Seed, Wine Maple, American Sarsaparilla. 
Active Constituents.—Menispine, Resin, Tannin. 
Therapeutically, this drug is said to resemble sarsaparilla in 
its tonic, alterative and diuretic effects. It is also an aid to 
digestion, possessing properties similar to the other bitter tonics, 
like Gentian, Quassia, etc. 
Dose.—30 to 60 minims (1.90—3.75 c. c.) 244 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATION. 
Tincture of Yellow Parilla. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
No. 352. YERBA BUENA. 
The Herb of Micromeria Douglassii. 
Natural Order.—Labiatae. 
Habitat.—California. 
Common Name.—Yerba Buena. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Extractive. 
This plant is another valuable production from the Golden 
State, where it ranks high as an aromatic tonic, carminative, stim- 
ulant and anti-febrile remedy. It is also used as an anthelmintic. 
Dose.—Yz to i fluid drachm (1.90—3.75 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Yerba Buena. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 8 fluid ounces (240. c. c.) 
Water 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). 
Infusion of Yerba Buena. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounces ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). 
Syrup or Cordial Elixir of Yerba Buena. 
Fluid Extract Yerba Buena .... 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Coriander 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Cassia 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Caraway 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Alcohol 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—y2 to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
245 
No. 353. YERBA REUMA. 
The Herb Frankenia Grandifolia. 
Natural Order.—Frankeniacese. 
Habitat.—California. 
Common Name.—Yerba Reuma, 
Active Constituent.—Extractive matter (Saline). 
This drug, one of the new California remedies, has recently- 
attracted attention by its therapeutic effects upon the mucous 
passages, and it has proven highly beneficial in recent or chronic 
catarrh, as well as in gonorrhoea, leucorrhoea and dysenteric 
affections. 
Dose.—15 to 30 minims (0.92—1.90 c. c.). 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Yerba Reuma. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Dilute Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—2 to 3 fluid drachms (7.50—11.25 c- c.). 
Infusion of Yerba Reuma. 
Fluid Extract 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Hot Water 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—Yz to 1 fluid ounce (15.—30. c. c.). This maybe 
used as a lotion or injection in catarrhal or vaginal troubles. 
Syrup of Yerba Reuma. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 13 fluid ounces (390. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.so—is. c. c.). 
No. 3t' 
The Leaves of Er 
Y,- 
Natural Order.—Hydrophyllaceae. 
Habitat.—California. 
Common Names.—Tar Weed, Bear’s Weed, Mountain Balm. 
Active Constituents.—Volatile Oil, Resin. 
This drug is one of the products of Northern California, 
where it has been largely used in cases of diseases of the throat 
and air passages. Judging from the favorable reports, it is 
likely to prove a valuable addition to our Materia Medica. 
Dose.—15 to 60 minims (0.92—3.75 c. c.). 246 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
PREPARATIONS. 
Tincture of Yerba Santa. 
Fluid Extract 4 fluid ounces (120. c. c.) 
Alcohol 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. and filter. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Syrup of Yerba Santa 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Liquor Potassa 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
Compound Syrup of Yerba Santa. 
Fluid Extract Yerba Santa 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Fluid Extract Grindelia Robusta . . 1 fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Liquor Potassa 1 fluid drachm (3.75 c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 14 fluid ounces (420. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). Used as a 
stimulant expectorant in asthmatic troubles and throat diseases. 
No. 355. YERBA SANTA, AROMATIC. 
(For making the Syrup of Yerba Santa.) 
This ore^ahiable constituents of this 
and rendered miscible 
il in pectoral and throat 
iguising the bitter taste 
JO’/O - “•)• 
PREPARATIONS. 
Aromatic Syrup of Yerba Santa. 
Fluid Extract i fluid ounce ( 30. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 15 fluid ounces (450. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—2 to 4 fluid drachms (7.50—15. c. c.). MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
247 
Aromatic Elixir of Yerba Santa. 
Fluid Extract 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Alcohol 2 fluid ounces ( 60. c. c.) 
Simple Syrup 12 fluid ounces (360. c. c.) 
M. Dose.—1 to 2 fluid drachms (3.75—7.50 c. c.). 
For extemporaneous production of Infusions, Syrups, Decoc- 
tions, Tinctures and Wines, our Extracts represent perfectly the 
full strength, odor, taste and color of the drug used. The pre- 
parations so obtained, will not only be as effective, but are entitled 
to even greater confidence, than the Decoctions and Infusions 
prepared in the ordinary way from the crude drugs, since these 
are often unreliable on account of careless manipulation. 
The cost of many of the drugs used in the manufacture of 
fluid extracts is subject often to great changes. When the 
difference is in our favor, our customers may depend upon 
receiving the advantage ; when the cost is greater, we will advise 
them, if forced to increase the price. 248 
MEDICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
ADDENDA. 
Antidote for Digitalis. 
In case of poisoning by Digitalis, a recumbent position is of 
paramount importance ; and after the stomach has been emptied 
twenty grains of Tannic or Gallic Acid in hot water given fre- 
quently, or hot strong tea or coffee ; stimulants externally and 
internally, should be employed. 
Antidote for Jamaica Dogwood. 
In case of poisoning by Jamaica Dogwood, the antidotes are 
an emetic of ten grains of Sulphate of Copper, the stomach- 
pump, external stimulants, cold affusion, ammonia to the 
nostrils, enforced exertion and artificial respiration. 
Antidote for Stavesacre and Larkspur Seed. 
In case of poisoning by Stavesacre or Larkspur, the antidotes 
are emetics, Apomorphine one-tenth grain, Sulphate of Copper 
ten grains, stimulants internal and external. BOTANICAL INDEX. 
249 
BOTANICAL INDEX. 
THE FEUID EXTRACTS IN THIS BOOK ARE ARRANGED AEPHA- 
beticaeey according to the common 
NAME OF THE DRUG. 
A 
BOTANICAL NAME. COMMON NAME. PAGE. 
Acacia Catechu Catechu 58 
Achillea Millefolium Yarrow 241 
Aconitum Napellus Aconite Leaves 1 
Aconitum Napellus Aconite Root 2 
Acorus Calamus Calamus 49 
Adonis Vernalis Adonis Vernalis 3 
A$gle Marmelos Bael 15 
Hippocastanum . . . Horse-Chestnut Bark . . 129 
Agaricus Albus Agaric 4 
Agrimonia Eupatoria Agrimony 4 
Aletris Farinosa Unicorn Root 229 
Allium Sativum Garlic 109 
Alnus Rubra Tag Alder 222 
Aloe Perryi Aloe (Socotrine) .... 5 
Alpinia Officinarum Galangal 108 
Althaea Officinalis Marsh Mallow 157 
Amomum Granum Paradisi, \ 
and Amomum Melegueta j 
. Grains of Paradise . . .119 
Amomum Zingiber Ginger, African 114 
Anacyclus Pyrethrum Pellitory 174 
Anamirta Cocculus, or\ 
Cocculus Indicus. / 
Fish Berries 103 
Anemone Hepatica Liverwort 150 
Anemone Pulsatilla Pulsatilla 185 
Anthemis Nobilis Chamomile (Eng. or Rom.) 61 
Apium Graveolens Celery Seed 61 
Apocynum Androscemifolium . . Bitter Root 27 
Apocynum Cannabinum .... Indian-Hemp, Black . . . 132 
Aralia Hispida Dwarf Elder 95 
Aralia Racemosa Spikenard .211 
Archangelica Officinalis Angelica Root 8 
Arctostaphylos Glauca Manzanita 155 
Arctostaphylos Uva Ursi .... Uva Ursi 229 
Areca Catechu . Areca Nut 10 
Aristolochia Serpentaria .... Virginia Snake Root . . . 232 250 
BOTANICAL INDEX. 
BOTANICAL NAME. COMMON NAME. PAGE. 
Arnica Montana Arnica Flowers 11 
Arnica Montana Arnica Root 12 
Artanthe Elongata Matico 158 
Artemisia Absinthium Wormwood 241 
Artemesia Vulgaris Mugwort 161 
Arum Triphyllum Indian Turnip 135 
Asarum Canadense Canada Snake-Root ... 49 
Asclepias Incarnata Indian-Hemp, White . . 134 
Asclepias Syriaca, or Cornuti . . Milk Weed 159 
Asclepias Tuberosa Pleurisy Root 179 
Aspidium Filix Mas Male P'ern 153 
Aspidosperma Quebracho .... Quebracho 186 
Atropa Belladonna Belladonna Leaves ... 21 
Atropa Belladonna Belladonna Root .... 22 
Avena Sativa Oats 166 
B 
Balsamodendron Myrrha .... Myrrh 163 
Baptisia Tinctoria Wild Indigo 237 
Barosma Betulina \ 
Barosma Crenulata J ' ' ' 
Barosma Serratifolia Buchu (Long-Leaved) . . 41 
Berberis Aquifolium Berberis Aquifolium ... 25 
Berberis Vulgaris Barberry Bark 18 
Brayera Anthelmintica Koosso 143 
Bryonia Alba and Bryonia Dioica . Bryony 39 
. . . Buchu (Short-Leaved) . . 40 
c 
Cactus Grandiflorus Night-Blooming Cereus . 164 
Caffea Arabica Coffee 75 
Calendula Officinalis Marigold 156 
Camellia Thea, or Thea \ 
Chinensis. / 
Canella Alba Canella Bark 50 
Cannabis Sativa Indian-Hemp, Foreign . . 133 
. Tea 224 
Cantharis Vesicatoria, or \ 
Lytta Vesicatoria. / 
. . Cantharides 51 
Capsicum Fastigiatum Cayenne 59 
Carum Carvi Caraway Seed 52 
Cassia Acutifolia Senna, U. S. P., 1880 . . . 205 
Cassia Acutifolia, with Aromatics . Senna Compound, Leaves 206 
Castanea Vesca Chestnut Leaves 64 
Caulophyllum Thalictroides . . . Blue Cohosh 35 
Cephaelis Ipecacuanha ..... Ipecac 135 
Cerasus Serotina Cherry Bark (Wild) ... 63 
Chelone Glabra Balmony 16 
Chenopodium Anthelminticum . Wormseed 240 
Chimaphila Umbellata Pipsissewa 177 
Chionanthus Virginica Fringe-Tree Bark .... 106 
Chondodendron Tomentosum . . Pareira Brava 172 BOTANICAL INDEX. 
251 
BOTANICAL NAME. COMMON NAME. PAGE. 
Cichorium Intybus Chicory 65 
Cimicifuga Racemosa Black Cohosh 29 
Cinchona Calisaya Cinchona, Yellow .... 68 
Cinchona Officinalis Cinchona, Pale 67 
Cinchona Succirubra Cinchona, Red . ... 69 
Cinnamomum Aromaticum . . . Cassia 56 
Citrus Aurantium Orange Peel, Sweet . . . 169 
Citrus Vulgaris Orange Peel, Bitter, U.S.P. 169 
Citrullus Colocynthis Colocynth 77 
Claviceps Purpurea Ergot 98 
Colchicum Autumnale Colchicum Root 75 
Colchicum Autumnale Colchicum Seeds .... 76 
Collinsonia Canadensis Stone Root 217 
Comptonia Asplenifolia Sweet Fern 221 
Conium Maculatum Conium Leaves 81 
Conium Maculatum Conium Seed 82 
Convallaria Majalis Lily of the Valley .... 149 
Coptis Trifolia Gold Thread 116 
Corallorhiza Odontorhiza .... Crawley Root ...... 88 
Coriandrum Sativum Coriander Seed 83 
Cornus Florida Dogwood Bark 94 
Corydalis Formosa Turkey Corn 227 
Croton Eleuteria Cascarilla Bark 55 
Cubeba Officinalis Cubebs 88 
Curcuma Longa Turmeric 228 
Cypripedium Pubescens .... Ladies’ Slipper 144 
D 
Daphne Mezereum Mezereon 158 
Datura Stramonium . . . Stramonium Leaves . . . 217 
Datura Stramonium Stramonium Seeds, U.S.P. 218 
Delphinium Consolida ..... Larkspur Seed 145 
Delphinium Staphisagria .... Stavesacre 216 
Digitalis Purpurea Fox Glove 105 
Dipterix Odorata Tonka Beans 225 
Dioscorea Villosa Wild Yam 238 
Dracontium Foetidum Skunk Cabbage 209 
Drosera Rotundifolia Sundew 220 
Duboisia Myoporoides Duboisia 95 
E 
Ellettaria Cardamomum .... Cardamom Seeds .... 53 
Epigsea Repens Gravel Plant 119 
Erigeron Canadense Fleabane 105 
Eryodiction Glutinosum, \ 
or Californicum. J 
Erythroxylon Coca Coca Leaves 74 
Eucalyptus Globulus Eucalyptus 99 
Eugenia Caryophyllata Cloves ••73 
Eupatorium Perfoliatum .... Boneset 37 
. Yerba Santa 245 252 
BOTANICAL INDEX. 
BOTANICAL NAME. COMMON NAME. PAGE. 
Eupatorium Purpureum .... Queen of the Meadow . . 187 
Euonymus Atropurpureus .... Wahoo 234 
Euphorbia Pilulifera Euphorbia 100 
Exogonium Purga Jalap 138 
F 
Fabiana Imbricata Pichi 175 
Ferula Narthex ........ Asafoetida 14 
Ferula Sumbul Musk Root 163 
Foeniculum Vulgare Fennel Seed 102 
Franciscea Uniflora Manaca 154 
Frankenia Grandifolia Yerba Reuma 245 
Frasera Carolinenses American Columbo ... 7 
Fucus Vesiculosus Sea-Wrack 203 
Fraxinus Americana White or Amer. Ash Bark. 6 
G 
Galipea Cusparia Angustura Bark 9 
Galium Aparine Cleavers 72 
Gaultheria Procumbens Wintergreen 239 
Gelsemium Sempervirens .... Yellow Jasmine 243 
Gentiana Uutea Gentian no 
Gentiana Quinqueflora Five-Flowered Gentian . 104 
Geranium Maculatum Cranesbill .87 
Geum Rivale Avens Root 15 
Gillenia Trifoliata Gillenia 112 
Glycyrrhiza Glabra Uiquorice Root, U. S. P. . 146 
Gnaphalium Margaritaceum . . Life Everlasting 148 
Gonolobus Condurango Condurango 80 
Gossypium Herbaceum Cotton-Root Bark .... 86 
Grindelia Robusta Grindelia Robusta . . . .120 
Grindelia Squarrosa Grindelia Squarrosa . . .121 
Guaiacum Officinale Guaiac Resin 122 
Guaiacum Officinale Guaiac Wood ...... 123 
H 
Hamamelis Virginica Witch Hazel 229 
Hsematoxylon Campechianum . Logwood 152 
Hedeoma Pulegioides Pennyroyal 174 
Helianthemum Canadense . . . Frostwort 107 
Helleborus Niger Black Hellebore 32 
Helonias Dioica, or Chamaelir- \ 
ium Luteum. J 
. False Unicorn Root . . . 102 
Hordeum Distichum Malt 154 
Humulus Lupulus Hops 128 
Humulus Lupulus Lupulin, U. S. P 152 BOTANICAL INDEX. 
253 
BOTANICAL NAME. COMMON NAME. PAGE. 
Hydrangea Arborescens Hydrangea 130 
Hydrastis Canadensis Golden Seal 1x7 
Hyoscyamus Niger Henbane 127 
I 
Inula Helenium Elecampane 97 
Iris Florentina Orris Root 171 
Iris Versicolor Blue Flag 36 
J 
Jateorrhiza Calumba Columbo 78 
Jeffersonia Diphylla Twin Leaf 228 
Juniperus Communis Juniper Berries 140 
Juniperus Sabina Savine 201 
Juglans Cinerea Butternut Bark 47 
Juglans Nigra Black Walnut Bark ... 32 
K 
Krameria Triandra Rhatany 119 
Lactuca Sativa Lettuce 146 
Lactuca Virosa Lactucarium 143 
Lappa Officinalis Burdock Root 46 
Lappa Officinalis, or Arctium \ 
Lappa. / • 
Burdock Seed 47 
Leonurus Cardiaca Motherwort 161 
Leptandra Virginica Culver’s Root 89 
Liquidambar Orientalis Sty rax, Soluble 219 
Liriodendron Tulipifera Tulip Tree 226 
Lobelia Inflata Lobelia, Herb, U. S. P. . . 150 
Lobelia Inflata ......... Lobelia, Seed 151 
Lycopus Virginicus Bugleweed 45 
Mallotus Philippinensis, or\ 
Rottlera Tinctoria. j * 
M 
Marrubiutn Vulgare Horehound 129 
Matricaria Chamomilla Chamomile (German) . . 62 
Melissa Officinalis Balm 17 
Menispermum Canadense .... Yellow Parilla 243 
Menyanthes Trifoliata Buck-Bean 43 
Micromeria Douglassii Yerba Buena 244 
. Kamala 140 254 
BOTANICAL INDEX. 
BOTANICAL NAME. COMMON NAME. PAGE. 
Mitchella Repens Squaw Vine 213 
Myrcia Acris Bay-Rum Leaf 19 
Myrica Cerifera Bayberry Bark 18 
Myristica Fragrans Nutmegs 165 
Myroxylon Toluifera Tolu 224 
N 
Nepeta Cataria Catnep 58 
o 
CEnothera Biennis Evening Primrose .... 101 
Ophelia Chirata Chiretta 65 
F* 
Panax Quinquefolium Ginseng 115 
Paullinia Sorbilis Guarana 123 
Papaver Rhoeas Poppy Flowers 182 
Papaver Somniferum Opium 167 
Papaver Somniferum Poppy Heads 183 
Penthorum Sedoides Virginia Stone Crop . . . 233 
Petroselinum Sativum Parsley Root 173 
Petroselinum Sativum Parsley Seed 173 
Peumus Boldo Boldo Leaves 37 
Physostigma Venenosum .... Calabar Bean 48 
Phytolacca Decandra Poke Root 180 
Picraena Excelsa Quassia . .. 186 
Pilocarpus Pennatifolius .... Jaborandi 137 
Pimpinella Anisum Aniseed 8 
Pimpinella Saxifraga Pimpinella 175 
Pinus, or Abies Canadensis . . . Hemlock Bark 126 
Pinus Pendula, or Darix \ 
Americana. / 
. . . Tamarac Bark 222 
Piper Methysticum Kava-Kava 141 
Piscidia Erythrina Jamaica Dogwood .... 139 
Podophyllum Peltatum Mandrake, U. S. P. . . . 155 
Polygala Senega Senega 204 
Polygonatum Biflorum Solomon’s Seal 210 
Polygonum Punctatum Water Pepper 235 
Polymnia Uvedalia Bearsfoot 20 
Polytrichum Juniperum . . . Hair-Cap Moss 124 
Populus Tremuloides Poplar Bark 182 
Plantago Major Plantain 178 
Prinos Verticillatus Black Alder 28 
Ptelea Trifoliata Wafer Ash 234 
Pterocarpus Marsupium Kino 142 
Pulvis Aromaticus Aromatic 13 
Punica Granatum Pomegranate Bark. . . .181 BOTANICAL INDEX. 
255 
Q 
BOTANICAL NAME. COMMON NAME. PAGE. 
Quercus Alba White-Oak Bark 236 
Quercus Infectoria Galls 108 
Quillaia Saponaria Soap Bark ....... 210 
R 
Rhamnus Catharticus Buckthorn Berries .... 45 
Rhamnus Frangula Buckthorn Bark 44 
Rhamnus Purshiana Cascara Sagrada 53 
Rheum Officinale Rhubarb, U. S. P., 1880 . 190 
Rhus Glabrum Sumach Berries 220 
Rhus Triloba Rhus Aromatica 194 
Rhus Toxicodendron Poison Oak 179 
Ricinus Communis Castor-Oil Reaves .... 56 
Ricinus Communis Castor-Oil Beans .... 57 
Rosa Centifolia Rose Reaves 194 
Rubus Trivialis Dewberry 92 
Rubus Villosus Blackberry Root .... 30 
Rumex Crispus Yellow Dock 242 
Ruta Graveolens Rue 196 
s 
Salix Alba White-Willow Bark . . . 237 
Santalum Album Sandal Wood 197 
Salix Nigra Black Willow Bark ... 33 
Salix Nigra Black Willow Buds ... 34 
Salvia Officinalis Sage 197 
Sambucus Canadensis Elder Flowers 97 
Sambucus Nigra Elder Bark (European) . 96 
Sanguinaria Canadensis Blood Root 34 
Sarothamnus Scoparius Broom Tops 38 
Sassafras Officinale Sassafras Bark 200 
Scutellaria Rateriflora Scullcap 202 
Senecio Aureus Rife Root 148 
SerenoaSerrulata Saw Palmetto 201 
Silphium Gummiferum Rosin Weed 195 
Simaba Cedron Cedron Seeds 60 
Simaruba Officinalis Simaruba 208 
Smilax Officinalis Sarsaparilla, U. S. P., . . 198 
Solidago Odora Golden Rod- 116 
Solanum Dulcamara BitterSweet 27 
Spigelia Marilandica Pink Root, U. S. P. . . . 176 
Sterculia Acuminata Kola 142 
Stillingia Sylvatica Queen’s Root, U. S. P. . . 188 
Styrax Benzoin Benzoin 24 
Strychnos Nux Vomica Nux Vomica 166 
Strychnos Ignatia, or } 
Ignatia Amara. f ' ' ' 
Symphytum Officinale Comfrey 79 
. . Ignatia Bean 131 256 
BOTANICAL INDEX. 
T 
BOTANICAL NAME. COMMON NAME. PAGE. 
Tanacetum Vulgare Tansy 223 
Taraxacum Dens-Deonis .... Dandelion Root 90 
Thuja Occidentalis Arbor Vitae 10 
Trifolium Pratense Clover Tops 72 
Trillium Erectum Beth Root 26 
Triticum Repens Dog Grass 93 
Turnera Aphrodisiaca, or 1 
Turnera Microphylla. J ' 
. . Damiana 90 
Tussilago Farfara Coltsfoot 78 
u 
Urginea Scilla Squill, Acetic 215 
Urginea Scilla Squill, U. S. P., 1880 . . 214 
Urtica Dioica Nettle 164 
Ustilago Maidis Corn Ergot 83 
V 
Valeriana Officinalis Valerian 230 
Verbascum Thapsus. . . . • . .Mullein 162 
Verbena Hastata . . . » Vervain 231 
Veratrum Album Hellebore, White .... 125 
Veratrum Viride Hellebore, American . .125 
Viburnum Opulus Cramp Bark 86 
Viburnum Prunifolium Black Haw 31 
Viola Tricolor Pansy 171 
Viscum Album Mistletoe 160 
X 
Xanthium Spinosum Spiny Burreed 212 
Xantlioxylum Americanum . . . Prickly-Ash Bark . . . .184 
z, 
Zea Mays Corn Silk 84 
Zingiber Officinale Ginger, Jamaica 112 APPROXIMA TE EQ UIVALENTS. 
257 
TABLES OF APPROXIMATE EQUIVALENTS. 
In anticipation of the general adoption of the metric system 
of weights and measures we have carefully prepared the follow- 
ing tables of Approximate Equivalents: 
Relative Value of Metric Fluid and Apothecaries’ Measure. 
Cubic Fluid 
Centimetres. Ounces. 
iooo 33-8i 
9°o 3°-43 
800 27.05 
700 23.67 
600 20.29 
500 16.90 
473 16.00 
400 13.53 
300 10.14 
200 6.76 
100 3.38 
75 2.53 
50 1.69 
30 *1.00 
* Or, more exactly, i.or. 
Cubic Fluid 
Centimetres. Drachms. 
25 6.76 
IO 2.71 
9 2.43 
8 2.16 
7 1-89 
6 1.62 
5 i-35 
Minims. 
4 64.8 
3 48.6 
2 32-4 
1t 16.00 
0.09 1.46 
0.07 1.14 
0.05 0.81 
f Or, more exactly, 16.23. 
Relative Value of Metric and Apothecaries’ Weight. 
Grammes. Grains. 
O.OOIO 1-64 
0.0020 I-32 
0.0040 1-16 
0.0065 I-IO 
0.0081 y£ 
0.0108 )/e 
0.0162 Y 
0.0324 yi 
0.0486 Y 
0.0567 
0.065 1-003 
o-ioo x.543 
0.130 2.006 
0-150 2.315 
0.180 2.778 
0.200 3.086 
0.300 4.630 
0.500 7-7i6 
0.700 10.803 
0.900 13-890 
Grammes. Grains. 
1 15-43 
2 30.86 
3 46.30 
4 61.73 
5 77-i6 
6 92.60 
7 98.02 
8 123.46 
9 138-90 
10 I54.32 
100 I543-23 
125 1929.04 
150 ..... 2314.85 
175 2700.65 
450 6944.55 
550 8487.78 
650 10031.01 
750 11574-26 
850 I3II7-49 
1000 I5432-35 258 
APPROXIMATE EQUIVALENTS. 
Relative Value of Apothecaries’ and Metric Weight. 
Grains. Grammes. 
i-ioo 0.00065 
1-64 O.OOIOI 
I-60 O.00108 
I-50 0.00130 
1-48 0.00135 
I-40 ....... 0.00162 
1-36 0.00180 
I-32 0.00202 
I-30 0.00216 
I-25 0.00259 
I-24 0.00270 
1-20 O.OO324 
I-l8 O.OO360 
I-l6 O.OO405 
I-I5 O.OO432 
I-I2 O.OO540 
1-10 ...... 0.00648 
% . 0.00810 
Ye 0.01080 
1-5 0.01296 
X 0.01620 
Y 0.02160 
X 0.03240 
X 0.04860 
1 0.065 
2 0.130 
3 0.195 
4 0.260 
5 0.324 
6 0.400 
7 0.460 
8 0.520 
9 0.600 
10 0.650 
11 0.715 
12 0.780 
13 0.845 
14 0.907 
15 0.972 
*15.5 1000 
16 1.040 
17 1.102 
18 1.160 
19 1.240 
20 1.300 
21 1-360 
22 1.425 
23 1-460 
24 i-55 
Grains. Grammes. 
25 1.62 
26 t I.70 
27 1-75 
28 1.82 
29 1.87 
30 1.95 
31 2.00 
32 2.10 
33 2.16 
34 2.20 
35 2.25 
36 2.30 
37 2.40 
38 2.47 
39 2.55 
40 2.60 
42 2.73 
44 ..... 2.86 
48 3-oo 
50 3-25 
52 3-40 
56 3-65 
58 3-75 
Drachms. Grammes. 
1 3-9 
2 7.8 
3 11-65 
4 15-50 
5 19-40 
6 23.30 
7 27.20 
Ounces. 
1 t31.10 
2 62.20 
3 93-30 
4 124.40 
5 155-50 
6 186.60 
7 217.70 
8 248.80 
9 280.00 
10 311.00 
11 342-14 
12 373-23 
14 435-5° 
16 497.60 
24 746.40 
48 1492.80 
100 3110.40 
* Or, more exactly, 15.432 plus gr. = 1 gramme, 
t Or, more exactly, 31.10349 grammes. APPROXIMATE EQUIVALENTS. 
259 
Relative Value of-Apothecaries’ and Metric Fluid Measures. 
. Cubic 
Minims. Centimetres. 
1 O.06 
2 0.12 
3 0.18 
4 o-24 
5 °-3° 
6 0.36 
7 °-42 
8 0^50 
9 °-55 
10 0.60 
11 0.68 ; 
12 0.74 
13 0.80 
14 °-85 
15 °-92 ! 
16 1.00 
17 1-05 
18 1.12 
19 i-!7 
20 1-25 
25 1-54 
30 1.90 
33 2.16 I 
40 2.50 
45 2.80 
50 3-o8 
55 3-40 
Fluid 
Drachms. 
1 3.75 
i# 4-65 
1K 5 60 
1# 6.51 
2 7-50 
3 11-25 
4 15-00 
5 18.50 
6 22.50 
7 26.00 
Fluid Cubic 
Ounces. Centimetres. 
1 *30.00 
2 59-20 
3 89-00 
4 118.40 
5 148.00 
6 178.00 
7 207.00 
8 236.00 
9 266.00 
10 295.70 
11 325-25 
12 355-oo 
13 385-00 
14 4x4.00 
15 444-oo 
16 473.11 
17 503-00 
18 532-00 
19 562.00 
20 591-50 
21 621.00 
22 650.00 
23 680.00 
24 710.00 
25 740.00 
26 769.00 
27 798-50 
28 828.00 
29 858.00 
30 887.25 
31 917.00 
32 946.00 
48 1419.00 
56 1655.00 
64 1892.00 
72 2128.00 
80 2365.00 
96 . . 2839.00 
112 ...... 3312.00 
128 3785.00 
* The more accurate equivalent is 29.57 c.c.