THESIMPLETRUTH FOR BOYS AND PARENTS BY CHARLES C. MANGER, M. D. Professor of Nervous and Mental Diseases Formerly Professor of Physiology College of Physicians and Surgeons, University of Southern California THIRD EDITION LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA 1918 Wishing that it may fulfill its purpose in their quest for knowledge, this book is dedi- cated to my little boys, Charles, William and Robert. It is my fondest hope that they may grow to lead honest and clean lives. FATHER. Copyrighted, 1918 C. C. Manger,' M. D FOREWORD This little volume, with its well-consid- ered and carefully presented information about a subject about which so little that is correct is generally known, has a larger field than is indicated in the author’s touch- ing preface. It should appeal with special force to parents and to all who are entrusted with that most sacred of human charges, the care and training of the young. The body is not a thing to be ashamed of, nor are any of its organs or functions, when rightly understood, so unworthy as to be looked upon with contempt. Yet, even in the most enlightened homes, boys and girls are growing up with utter lack of knowledge which would conduce both to their safety and happiness. Vice and suffering are the inevitable harvest. A child can not be ex- pected to control what it does not under- stand. Much is heard of the duty of child to parent, but comparatively little of the duty of parent to child, particularly in connection 4 The Simple Truth with the subjects herein discussed. The child that grows into adolescence without having heard the story of its physical life, told at the proper time, in the proper way, and by the proper person, has just cause to feel that in a most important sense he or she has been the victim of cruel neglect. When this duty is recognized and ac- cepted, the tragedies of youth, so pitifully familiar in every community, will become far less common, and the great aggregate of humanity’s heartaches be correspondingly diminished. A. B. COOKE, A.M., M.D. The Simple Truth 5 CONTENTS Introduction I. Anatomy II. Physiology III. Pathology Masturbation Varicocele Gonorrhea Chancroid Syphilis Prostitutes Perverts IV. Conclusion V. Supplementary 6 The Simple Truth INTRODUCTION The healthy mind thirsts for knowledge. Ignorance and error are the authors of most of our woes. There is no other province of human ex- perience, where the knowledge held is so much involved by ignorance of facts, and prejudice of opinion, as in the field of sexual problems. Much has been done, and much has been written to clear away the darkness, but there seems to be yet more need for difTusion of light, that it may reach those who most need to know how to pass the “Rocky Shoals of Puberty.” A sensitive plastic being, just leaving the security of childhood, enters upon the rough and uncertain way of a new existence; sur- prised and dismayed by the shock of reality, his reason eagerly seeks after knowledge of his being. As secrecy is the soul of pruriency, that is the time of all times when the truth may The Simple Truth 7 protect him from vicious influences of er- roneous and evil advice, with which he is all too apt to be beset. This book is written upon the theory that the simple truth, free from the cold comfort of asceticism or the blighting cynicism of the vulgar, and without any of the restrictive conditions of formal morality, given from the viewpoint of the physiologist and phy- sician, will be the most effective form of message. Strange as it may appear to some, there is contained nothing which could conflict with religious or philosophical convictions. Whatever is presented as statement of fact, has passed acceptance by all authori- ties ; anything about which there could be dissenting opinion has been omitted. Whatever is set down as matter of opinion has been drawn from my own observations, my experience as physician, and a critical review of the opinions of others. In presenting this little volume, I indulge no pride of performance, nor hope of finan- cial gain. The motives actuating to this pleasant 8 The Simple Truth task reach back to the stormy years of fif- teen to seventeen in my own life, when the net result of researches in pamphlet, book and lecture upon the subject matter of this volume, was a very definite promise of the asylum on one horn of the dilemma, and per- dition on the other. So when (with more luck than discretion), I got “over the top,” the desire was fixed in my heart to help others get the truth at an age when it would do them the most good. And now, with thirty added years of experi- ence, that desire grows insistent—and here is the book, for what it is worth. Los Angeles, March, 1918. C. C. M. The; Simple: Truth 9 TO PARENTS AND TEACHERS The highest privilege in life is to be a parent; the next highest is to be a teacher. When the message carried in this booklet was originally sent out under the title, . . For Boys of Twelve and Over,” it was with the hope that it would also reach parents and teachers, who might find it use- ful in instructing the young. Acting upon suggestions from numerous commentators, a more direct appeal is made to parent and teacher; and, in conformity, the title now reads, . . For Boys and Parents.” The individual is a product of the fusion of two germ cells, the spermatozoon from the father and the ovum from the mother, each supplying one-half to the traits and qualities of the offspring. The sum total of these qualities constitutes the inheritance or heredity of the new being. All cells of the new body, excepting the germinal cells, undergo radical changes in 10 The; Simple Truth form and function very early in the life of the embryo, developing into various struc- tures as bone, muscle, gland, nerve, etc.; each with a specific role to perform in main- taining the life of the organism. The germinal cells are the only cells which do not undergo change in form and function in their transmission from parent to off- spring; they ever remain the same in char- acter, and their sole purpose is reproduction. Generation follows generation, the germ cells carrying the characteristics of the species on and on in immortal chains of which each succeeding individual becomes a link, representing the hereditary product of his ancestors. All that anyone possesses solely and alone is his own body, of which the mind is the highest expression of function of that com- plex organism. Needless to dilate upon the folly of neglect or abuse of that sacred trust. The individual does not live for his gener- ation alone. In all normal beings there is a natural urge for offspring, which is independ- ent of the momentary sexual impulse. To have this instinct satisfied, being the The Simple Truth 11 greatest of privileges, also imposes the most sacred of duties. The obligation is twofold : the parent owes it to posterity—first, to pass his contribution of the immortal germ substance on to his off- spring in the healthiest possible condition; and to use discretion in choosing the mate who will share the responsibility. The second obligation is to protect the off- spring in all things pertaining to environ- ment, training and education, to the end that he may make the most of his hereditary en- dowment, and in turn impart improved quali- ties to the immortal chain of heredity. It is plain that the individual link in a suc- cession of individuals is the product of hered- ity, and of the influence of environment, education and training; and that evolution- ary changes, while slow, are, nevertheless, certain to take place; therefore, it is every- one’s natural obligation to strive for im- provement of the race, by conserving what is desirable and eliminating undesirable traits and qualities from the stock. July, 1918. C. C. M. I. ANATOMY MALE ORGANS The genital or sexual organs of the male are as follows: Penis, prostate gland, seminal vesicles, vas deferens, testicles. (See illustrations.) These structures grow considerably about the time of puberty, and attain full size at maturity. The penis may vary in size, but not always in proportion to the size of the individual. It is therefore to be considered normal, un- less either extremely large or small. It is made up of muscular and fibrous tis- sue, and has specially constructed blood vessels and blood spaces. The end, or head, called the glans is sup- plied with nerves of special sensibility. The glans is naturally protected by a pouch of skin lined with mucous membrane, which is called the prepuce or foreskin. It is this 14 The Simple Truth part which is cut off by the Jewish people as a religious rite. The operation is known as circumcision, and as it serves to promote cleanliness, is often performed for hygienic reasons. Some- times it is a necessity, when the prepuce is tight or too long, etc. Passing through the middle of the penis from its end to the bladder is a collapsible tube called the urethra, through which the urine is voided. It is about eight inches long. The urethra is lined with a delicate mu- cuous membrane, and many little glands open into it; this structure becomes of great importance in certain diseases or afflictions. Surrounding the urethra are several muscles, and also the prostate gland. The prostate gland is situated around the neck of the bladder, which is the beginning of the urethra. The prostate gland contains much muscle, and is about an inch to an inch and a half wide, an inch long, and weighs about three- fourths of an ounce. It has a dozen or more little ducts opening into the urethra. The: Simple Truth 15 This prostatic portion of the urethra is also spoken of as the posterior urethra, be- ing marked off from the anterior part by the cut-off muscle which surrounds the urethra. Opening into the posterior urethra are the ejaculatory ducts, one on each side. These ducts are simply the terminal ends of the vas deferens, and they also connect with the outlet of the seminal vesicle on each side. The seminal vesicles, each about two and a half inches long, are tube like sacks, lined with a secreting mucuous membrane. They rest against the neck of the bladder. Each vesicle communicates through its opening with the ejaculatory duct. The testicle is a complicated gland struc- ture about one and a half inches long, one inch thick, and weighs three-fourths to one ounce. Its outlet tube is altogether more than twenty feet long. The first twenty feet is a very small tube folded and doubled into a bunch, which forms a mass closely attached to the testicle, and this mass is known as the epididymis. As this tube continues away from the testicle it is called the vas 16 The; Simple; Truth deferens. This part of the outlet tube is larger than that which makes up the epi- didymis. The vas deferens is about one-eighth of an inch thick, and runs a distance of sixteen or eighteen inches, to terminate as the ejacu- latory duct, which opens into the posterior urethra. The entire tube above described is lined by mucuous membrane. In fact all cavities and tubes of the body, which are in direct or indirect communication with the exterior, are lined with mucuous membrane. The testicles are suspended in the scrotum by the spermatic cord, which is a collection of arteries, veins, nerves, a muscle (cremas- ter), and the vas deferens. Of course, going to and coming from all the organs and structures described, are blood vessels, lymphatics and nerves in rich supply; therefore, much pain may arise from any disorder or injury of these parts, and slight causes will produce congestion or in- flammation. Plate I Plate II Plate III Plate VI The Simple Truth 25 FEMALE ORGANS The female organs are as follows: Externally, the clitoris, labia majora, labia minora, or nymphae, and the hymen. Just above the entrance to the vagina is the opening of the urethra, which is a mem- branous canal about one and a half inches long; it leads to the bladder. Internally, the vagina, erectile bodies, uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries. (See illus- tration.) The clitoris, and erectile bodies (one on each side just within the vagina and hardly noticeable), are composed, like the penis, of muscle, special blood vessels, and blood spaces, and nerves of special sensibility. The hymen is a fibrous fold of mucuous membrane attached around the margin of the opening to the vagina, and partly closes this opening; in virgins, the opening is, usu- ally, small. An intact hymen is not an absolute cer- tificate of virginity; on the other hand, an irregular hymen, or one having a large open- ing, does not necessarily mean defloration. 26 The Simple Truth The labia are sometimes enlarged. The vagina is a large collapsible tube, about four inches long at its posterior wall, and is lined with mucuous membrane. Its inner end surrounds and closes about the open, or cervical (neck), end of the uterus. Many little glands open into the vagina. During pregnancy the walls of the vagina become thicker and the cavity larger, to ac- commodate passage of the child. After the child is born the structures soon return to their former condition. The uterus, or womb, mostly of muscular tissue, is pear shaped, about three inches long, two inches wide and one inch thick, weighs about one and a half or two ounces, and has a cavity lined by mucuous mem- brane. Numerous glands also open into the cavity of the uterus. It is remarkable that the pregnant uterus may grow to weigh two or three pounds, and after the child is born, return in a few months almost to its former size. In old age it becomes small and fibrous. The: Simple: Truth 27 The Fallopian tube, one on each side, con- nects the cavity of the uterus with the fim- briated end of the tube, which end lies close to the ovary. The tube is about four or five inches long and about one-sixth of an inch thick. As is the case in the vas deferens, the canal of the tube is small. The ovaries, one on each side, are special- ized glands about one and a half inches long, three-fourths of an inch wide, and one- third of an inch thick. They have no outlet tube, but by a curious arrangement, the fimbriated end of the Fallopian tube clasps partly around the ovary, so that the eggs which have matured in the ovary and broken through the surface, may be passed along to the uterus. Accidents rarely happen, whereby the egg, before entering the Fallopian tube, is fertilized by a spermatozoon, and then the baby grows within the abdominal cavity. A more frequent accident occurs, in which the fertilized egg remains within the tube and grows until rupture of the tube takes place, when the mother may die of internal hemmorrhage. 28 The; Simple: Truth The mammary glands or breasts, too, should be considered as belonging to the sexual organs—in the male these are rudi- mentary and do not functionate. II. PHYSIOLOGY There are four primary instincts so well developed in us that all of our activities center about them. They are: 1. Instinct of self preserva- tion ; 2. Instinct of nutrition; 3. Herd in- stinct ; 4. Sexual instinct. The sexual instinct is vaguely developed in the young, and not having any definite or strong manifestation, usually should give no trouble. This is true until one approaches the age of puberty, which begins between the ages of twelve and fifteen, in temperate climates, though it may be earlier or later than that, and yet be normal. Puberty does not begin abruptly, but de- velops gradually and is marked in both sexes by increased rate of growth, particu- larly in the size of the sexual organs; ap- pearance of hair upon the pubes; changes of voice; and by other profound changes, both mental and physical, in the whole make up of the individual. 30 The; Simple: Truth The one change most important for our present purpose is the increase and develop- ment of the sexual impulse or feelings of passion. This feeling becomes more and more definitely fixed upon the sexual rela- tion with the opposite sex. The events which mark the stage of de- velopment at which the individual is capable of performing the sexual act and becoming a father or mother is, in the female menstru- ation, and in the male the power of ejacula- tion. Menstruation is a normal occurrence of bleeding from the uterus. It takes place about every twenty-eight days, and con- tinues for a few days. When pregnancy takes place menstruation ceases, and does not occur through all the nine months of pregnancy. As a rule it does not appear again until the baby stops suck- ling the mother’s breasts, although it some- times comes on during the period of suck- ling. Menstruation first appears at about twelve to fifteen and ceases at about forty to fifty years of age. The: Simple Truth 31 This cessation, also a gradual process, usually extends over a few years of time and is spoken of as the “change of life.” Ejaculation in the male means a discharge of nervous energy accompanied by a rythmic expulsion of seminal fluid through the urethra. The whole process, with the ac- companying feelings, is called the orgasm; and is in reality the terminating phase of the sexual act. The orgasm occurs also in the female, with rythmic contraction of vaginal and uterine muscles and an increase of gland secretion. The power to have orgasm appears at puberty and may continue to old age, espe- cially in men; intensity begins to diminish about the time corresponding with the “change of life” in women. Individuals dif- fer widely in this respect, as they do in every feature of the things pertaining to sex. After boys and girls reach the beginning of puberty, even under good surroundings and living a clean life, they are apt to be- come sexually excited, on account of the very natural tendency for the powerful sexual instinct to assert itself. 32 The Simple Truth Sometimes the sexual orgasm occurs spon- taneously or during sleep (wet dreams) ; this is perfectly normal, unless for some special reason, it takes place very often. Within reasonable bounds the feelings of sexual desire which all young people experi- ence, and which, at times become very diffi- cult to control, are perfectly normal. This whole matter is controlled mostly by one’s physical organization, habits of life, mental occupation, associations, etc. It is manifestly impossible for people, even the most favored, to attain that environment in life which would accord with theoretically perfect circumstances for safeguarding the young against unhealthy manifestations of the sexual instinct; so that the actually ex- isting circumstances must be met. It is well to bear in mind that the period of puberty growth and development is not completed when menstruation or ejaculation first appear, but that several years (three, five or more) are required before the indi- vidual is fully enough developed to be con- sidered a mature man or woman. While capable of reproducing their kind The: Simple Truth 33 as soon as menstruation or ejaculation ap- pears, offspring produced at this period would not be so vigorous, and the strain upon the young mother would be greater. Besides, much coitus (or much masturba- tion) before completion of the period of pu- berty development, interferes with the per- fect development of the individual. For the purpose of reproduction there is developed and secreted by the testicles a thick fluid in small quantities, a drop of which contains many thousands of special minute germ cells called spermatozooa. They are composed of a head 1/6000 inch in diameter, and a long thin tail which causes slow movement not unlike that of tadpole or wiggle-tail. It is the smallest cell of the human body. This fluid is forced through the vas def- erens to join with the fluid secreted by the seminal vesicles, and stored there; during the sexual act the mixture is forced into the urethra through the ejaculatory ducts. From there, being further mixed with some secretion from the prostate gland, it is finally expelled through the urethra, and is known as semen. 34 The Simple Truth The semen, when deposited in the vagina during the sexual act, enables the sperma- tozooa to wiggle their way into the uterus, or even to the Fallopian tubes; and there, meeting the egg cell, one spermatozoon (sel- dom more) enters the egg which is thereby fertilized. This impregnated egg, by reason of con- traction of the tube, and movement of hair- like processes in the tube, is slowly carried into the uterus: here it becomes implanted in the uterine wall, and rapidly grows for a period of nine months. At the end of this time the fully devel- oped baby is born into the world by power- ful contraction of the muscles of the uterus and abdomen. The ovum or egg cell, 1/125 inch in diam- eter, is the largest cell in the human body. It is developed in the ovary and passes through the fallopian tube to the uterus. It is estimated that 70,000 ova may be de- veloped in a woman during her sexual life- time ; that is between puberty and the meno- pause (change of life). The ovum could not grow into a new be- ing except it be fertilized by the sperma- The Simple Truth 35 tozooa from the male—therefore two sexes are necessary for the propagation of the race. The sexual act itself consists of two stages—1. The stage of tumescense—con- gestion or erythism. 2. The stage of detu- mescense or discharge. The nerves of special sense going to the glans penis, and also to some extent the sen- sory nerves to the urethra, and other sexual organs and structures, are easily excited by contact, fondling, or friction. (The clitoris and erectile bodies in the female are subject to the same thing.) The nerve impulses thus arising are carried to the sexual centre in the spinal cord, as well as to the brain, and so cause stimulation of these centres. Impulses from the brain, such as volup- tuous or sensual thoughts, also stimulate the sexual centre in the cord powerfully; and, at the same time, heighten the sensitiveness of the special sense nerves in the glans. By a nerve centre is meant a region where various nerve fibers, or tracts, terminate; and where the impulses conveyed by these va- rious fibres, or tracts, exercise their effect. From such a stimulated centre, new impulses 36 The: Simple; Truth are sent to the organs, or parts, which are to functionate. The primary sexual centres are in the spinal cord. Other centres, having a less di- rect influence upon the sexual organs, are located in the brain. A nerve centre, once it is stimulated, oper- ates its function more or less reflexly; that is, without direct control of the will. Therefore any mental stimulus arising in the brain, or any stimulus arising from irri- tation of the nerves of the sex organs or structures will result in stimulation of the sexual centres, awaken sexual desire, and so cause appearance of the first stage of the sexual act, viz., tumescense. Hence, the advisability and wisdom of controlling thoughts, and external influences which tend to promote tumescense. An ounce of pre- vention here is worth several pounds of cure. Tumescense means congestion of the sexual organs, erection, activity of the vari- ous glands, heightened sensibility of the parts, and a concurrent highly voluptuous state of the feelings. By a gland is meant an organ that is made The Simple Truth 37 up of various tissues; of blood vessels, lymph vessels, nerves, etc., but the essential tissue is the cells whose special function it is to prepare and pour out fluid substances which are called secretions. Gland activity, like muscle contraction, is under control of nerves. Examples: Saliva from the Salivary glands; bile from the liver (which is the largest of glands); digestive juices from the glands of the stomach and intestines; and semen, which is a mixed fluid, from the tes- ticles and other sexual glands. It is well to recall how the flow of saliva is very greatly increased by the taking of food; also that the sight of food, or the mere thinking of food will cause the “mouth to water.” So, also, secretion by the sexual glands is greatly increased by sexual activ- ity. Licentious mental indulgence alone, causes marked increase in the secretions of the sexual glands. In a mild state of tumescense erection may not occur, or develop only partially. But if excitement continues, or is great, full erec- tion occurs and tumescense is complete. 38 The Simple Truth Erection is due to contraction of muscles of the penis, and to its distention by accu- mulation of large quantities of blood, which is temporarily retained in the veins by con- traction of muscles upon the vessels of re- turn flow. It is quite natural that once in the state of tumescense, it becomes more and more diffi- cult to control the passions, or overcome the tendency and desire to complete the sexual act. And it is also a most trying situation to continue a long time in this state of ex- citement. The second or stage of detumescense or discharge—means the attainment of the climax of sexual excitement which termi- nates in the orgasm accompanied by a marked pleasurable thrill of relief. The orgasm is brought on, normally, by sexual intercourse (also called coitus, copu- lation, etc.), or by spontaneous reflex (as nocturnal emissions). Artificially, it is brought on by masturbation or other un- usual methods. The second stage of the normal act re- quires but a brief time, a few minutes, for The: Simple: Truth 39 its accomplishment; but the first stage may- be prolonged over more or less time, or be often repeated without being followed by the second stage. Such practice of unduly prolonging tu- mescense, however, is not healthful and, if persisted in to any great extent, may become a serious menace to health and happiness. In the act as performed normally, when a high state of tumescense has been reached, the second stage is entered—this consists of introduction of the penis into the vagina (intromission) ; the contact and friction, to- gether with libidinous mental pictures, causes rapid violent discharge of nerve energy through the sex centres, and cul- minates in the orgasm. III. PATHOLOGY MASTURBATION Masturbation, also called onanism, self abuse, etc,, means the practice of causing sexual excitement, and the orgasm, by va- rious methods, involving: 1. Irritation of sex organs, but particu- larly the nerves of special sense in the glans penis (the clitoris and erectile bodies in the female) ; 2. Indulgence in voluptuous and sensual mental pictures. Ordinarily, masturbation is thought of as the accomplishment of the second stage, or detumescense, only; but it really includes indulging in the first stage of the sexual act (described in Chapter II) as well. The very common method pursued is to cause contact and friction by manipulating the penis (in the female the clitoris and erec- tile bodies) with the hands; while at the same time fixing the thoughts which stimu- late sexual feelings. The Simppe Truth 41 Any method of contact or friction, accom- panied by suitable thoughts, may accomplish the same thing. Indeed if one only gives oneself up to orgies of lustful fancies it is to be considered masturbation, even though excitement may not reach the height of bringing on an orgasm. This is known as psychic or men- tal masturbation. It cannot be emphasized too much, that the influence of thoughts upon the sexual centres, with consequent sexual excitement, is extremely important; for it is the indulg- ence of fancy in imaginary sexual situations and performances which, more than any- thing else, leads to tumescense, accompanied always by the more or less imperative feel- ing or desire for relief; or else leads to actual completion of the sexual act by copu- lation, or by masturbation. The sexual impulse, also, becomes harder to control the more the tumescent state is permitted to recur; for, naturally like other functions or habits, it grows with repetition or cultivation. It should be well understood that occur- rence of sexual feeling or excitement is not 42 The: Simple: Truth entirely within control of the will; that the sexual instinct asserts itself more or less, according to the individual, by reason of the fact that this is natural. In the female the period of greatest tend- ency to sexual unrest and excitement is around the time of the menstrual period. In the male there is no regular period for such manifestation, and the passion is apt to be more urgent than in the female. It is important to know that, normally, sexual excitement is not a constant manifest- ation, but it comes in periods, with inter- Some have the idea that a healthy person vening time between the periods during which the passions are more or less quiescent. should be always in a condition of sexual readiness, but that is not natural. Those who sustain a condition of readi- ness or mild excitement by harboring sen- sual thoughts, or pursuing exciting prac- tices, injure themselves thereby. Even admitting the foregoing facts, it is true that by right living, and correct mental and physical habits, one may restrain the The Sim pee Truth 43 manifestation of sexual passion and desire to its legitimate channels, although at times it may tax the will in spite of the ardent wish to win. The power of erection is present in in- fancy, and manipulation of the sexual parts will arouse vague pleasurable sensations. The child will not take to sexual habits unless, as often happens, there is some irri- tation of the genitals, such as may be caused by a tight prepuce, improper dressing, neg- lect of cleanliness of the parts; or by chance communication with other children who have learned. Sometimes ignorant, or vicious, older peo- ple teach children the practice of playing with their parts. Even though they do not have well devel- oped passions and are incapable of having orgasm, the practice in effect is essentially the same as masturbation. Children should be carefully protected from the practice of masturbation, because it is harmful to them for various reasons: If persisted in the practice will cause the child to arrive at the pubertal period earlier 44 The: Simple Truth than it would naturally; the stability of the nervous system will be impaired; the child’s general health and vitality lowered; and the difficulties of the pubertal period will be much increased. Ordinarily, with the sympathetic care that parents and friends could (and should) exer- cise over a boy or girl, the period of puberty is reached, without their having been given to masturbation. Upon reaching puberty, many will experi- ence orgasm for the first time as a result of unintentioned friction, as for example in rid- ing, or during sleep in “wet dreams”; before they have ever manipulated the genitals suf- ficiently to bring on the crisis (orgasm) of the sexual act. Others, under the tuition of older com- panions will, perhaps after repeated efforts, finally succeed in producing an orgasm. After starting the practice it is so easy to drift into repetitions, because the passions grow stronger with indulgence, and thus the thing tends to become established as a habit. By moderate masturbation is meant not more than about two or three times in a couple of weeks; with periods of lesser fre- The; Simple: Truth 45 quency, depending much upon the individual and circumstances. More than that verges into excess or habit of masturbation. By the habit is not meant the rare or even occasional yielding to a burning desire to get relief by masturbation, but it means that condition where one commits the act often; and more than that, also frequently resorts to awakening the passions by lascivious rev- eries, and by fondling the parts, in order to arouse the passions; and then, having pro- duced the passion, usually continues the practice until orgasm takes place. Those are the conditions or practices, which really constitute the habit of mastur- bation. Occasional masturbation as mentioned above, or the habit of masturbation, is often- est started at about the time the power of orgasm has developed, and is apt to grow upon one during the balance of the period of puberty, which lasts altogether several years. It may be, and very often is, continued right into manhood. In exceptional cases it is even practiced after marriage. Through advice, or a conviction that it is 46 The; Simple; Truth not the right thing to do, a good many boys after practicing masturbation for a time, per- haps for several years, will learn to control themselves to such an extent that they may do it but seldom, or not at all thereafter. On the other hand, there are many who have a disheartening struggle trying to keep from masturbating when passion is once aroused; they feel that they have failed be- cause in spite of everything, they will yield now and again. It is this large class of boys who worry about it most, and, fearing that they have been irreparably injured, are plunged into all degrees of self reproach and are unhappy much of the time. Most of this .trouble is due to the fact that they do not know the truth about their functions. What has been learned is conflicting, or mostly erroneous. Worst of all, the erron- eous knowledge gained is tainted by vicious teachings and suggestions. Or else the severe moralist, or overzealous teacher does much to scare the very life out of a boy, in order to help him, or prevent him from going astray. The; Simple; Truth 47 This is done with every good intention, but it is wrong, and violates the principles of defensive mental mechanisms; so that, in- stead of getting help, the boy suffers un- necessary pangs of self reproach, remorse, and may drift into a more serious nervous condition; not so much because he mastur- bated as because he worried about it. A large share of harmful misinformation upon sex subjects is contributed by adver- tising quacks and quack writings; all of which are published for the sole purpose of cajoling or frightening the uninformed into paying money for treatment of imaginary ills. Under no circumstances can one depend upon the advertising quack “doctor” no mat- ter what or how plausible his claims may be; he is after the money first, last and all the time. The question as to what effect masturba- tion has upon the individual arises in every mind, and it is of very great importance that the answer to this question be given with scrupulous regard to the simple truth, un- prejudiced by preconceived notions of ab- stract right and wrong, or bias of personal 48 The: Simple Truth opinion; but solely according to the laws of nature. It is variously estimated by those who study the subject, that of all males, ninety to one hundred per cent will sooner or later, masturbate. The true proportion will be somewhere above ninety per cent. Among females the percentage is probably not so high. Proper knowledge imparted more gener- ally and early in life would greatly reduce the percentages. The above being true, it would seem that the average man or woman could not have been much hurt by masturbation. It is just about this question that opinions are so conflicting and misleading. For instance it is held, and preached, with- out any qualification, by many (who are not well informed), that masturbation leads in- evitably to a host of evil consequences; such as organic nervous diseases, wasting, weak- ness, loss of manhood, insanity, and so on. Such statements are as harmful as they are inaccurate. The Simple Truth 49 It is true that many of the insane do mas- turbate excessively—but this is a result rather than the cause of the mental condi- tion. Masturbation may sometimes be a con- tributing causative factor in mental break- down, in such cases as were already predis- posed to insanity. And again it is asserted, that the very loss of semen is weakening and a great drain upon the life blood and vitality. The facts are, that the semen is a product of gland secretion which is normally pro- duced to some extent even under circum- stances of absolute chastity; and, further- more, its production and loss, within wide limits of reasonableness, is not in the least injurious. After it is secreted it cannot be utilized by the body but must be voided, and nature provides normal ways, viz., copulation, and spontaneous or nocturnal emissions. Then again widely current statements and belief have it, erroneously, that the mastur- bator shows many signs and symptoms which any observer can recognize. Pallor, 50 The) Simple Truth hollow eyes, wasting, weakness, cowardice, clammy skin, loss of memory, pimples, un- sociability, and many others are given. The truth is that not even a skilled special- ist would be so bold as to lay claim to infalli- ble ability to separate those who masturbate from those who do not. It is also true that many who masturbate may be athletes, bright scholars, full of life, rosy cheeked, and fight at the drop of the hat. This does not prove that they are so because of masturbation, but in spite of it. The; Simple Truth 51 TO SUM UP Masturbation before puberty is always more or less harmful and may be seriously so. Masturbation in moderation after puberty begins, cannot in itself, be permanently in- jurious to any great extent. The chief in- jury in such cases will be the result of worry, feelings of shame and loss of self-respect. The injury, even tho not great, is a posi- tive loss, and should be avoided. Masturbation to excess is always inju- rious, more or less, depending upon the in- dividual concerned. Masturbation, even in a moderate degree, if continued over many years to the exclu- sion of normal intercourse, will have the same effect as masturbating to excess. Masturbation can do no one any good. The individual would be at least a little bet- ter off, if he never masturbated; which is sufficient warrant for condemning the prac- tice. It cannot be emphasized too much that ex- ercise of the sexual function is not a neces- 52 The Simple Truth sity to full growth or good health. In fact, nature’s plan does not contemplate the use of this function before the being is fully developed; and this is not attained until about the time marriage should, properly, be considered. Theoretically, a reasonable amount of sexual intercourse indulged after completion of the pubertal period, or full development, would conduce to the fullest enjoyment of health, vigor and contentment. In practice, this cannot be carried out per- fectly, because two people are directly con- cerned ; many contingencies will arise; and society in general is inseparably interested in the regulation and control of the sexual instinct. Therefore, just as we all must struggle against many obstacles, in getting a living and a place in the world, so all must be pre- pared to struggle for a reasonable control of the sexual instinct, in order to conform to law and present custom. It sometimes runs counter to the pure dic- tates of nature, but there is no way around, we must make the best of the situation for the good of all. The; Simple; Truth 53 And let it be remembered in connection with sexual problems, that you cannot get something for nothing. He who tries will sooner or later come to grief and have to pay the penalty. The next question is how to avoid start- ing to masturbate, or having started, how to stop it. Only general principles can here be men- tioned. From infancy, care should be exercised, that the sexual parts be kept as clean as the rest of the body. However, daily attention is not necessary and might prove meddle- some. The foreskin should not be tight. Strictest regard should be had to the character of playmates, associates and ser- vants. Watch children constantly and gently counteract any tendency to manipulate the genitals. Dress them sensibly for comfort. Avoid feather beds or too much cover at night, but use enough for comfort; espe- cially to keep the lower limbs warm. 54 The: Simple: Truth The bladder should be emptied just before going to bed. One should not lie abed long after awaken- ing in the morning. Give wholesome food and enough, but avoid overeating. Plenty of healthful play. Children should not be overburdened with tasks of any kind, nor depressed by a too ex- acting discipline. Good example is the best teacher and cor- rective. And very important, begin early to impose the habit of regularly emptying the bowel each day, that it may be kept up during life. This one thing is of more value than all the purgatives in the materia medica. The rea- sons are numerous and are so well under- stood by all physicians, that it is not neces- sary to give them here. A good plan in fixing the custom of regu- lar bowel movements is to go to stool right after breakfast, as then the taking of food has stimulated gastro-intestinal movements and secretion, which are naturally followed by evacuation if nature is given a chance. The) Simple; Truth 55 As puberty is reached and progresses, wholesome physical and mental occupation becomes of prime importance. This includes clean teaching, reading, diversions, and, in particular, the right kind of associates and companions. A correct knowledge of one’s own body. A reasonable amount of wholesome physi- cal occupation together with responsibility is nature’s best preventive and remedy for the undesirable manifestation of the sexual impulse. Such exercise not only conduces to healthy, vigorous development, and incul- cates the habit of constructive employment, but it uses up the surplus energy which must find expression in some way—and the experience of mankind proves that if one is not usefully employed, the tendency is al- ways to follow instinctively what is imme- diately pleasurable—and the pitiable exam- ples of blighted lives everywhere present, show with what results. Common sources of the most powerful stimuli to sexual excitement and unrest are the dangerous practices of spooning, hug- ging, kissing, improper dancing, etc., in- 56 The Simple Truth dulged in by some young people, with or without conscious purpose of attaining the inevitable result, viz., awakened sexual de- sire, and a more or less violent state of tumescence. In truth such practices usually amount to performing the first phase of the sexual act, and it must be obvious to all that this may lead to grave consequences, aside from the fact that frequent repetition in itself would be harmful. If masturbation has already been prac- ticed, then the boy should learn its true sig- nificance, and be encouraged in every way by kindly, patient help and advice. He should be impressed that, while the ideal would be total abstinence, he will be successful just in proportion to any gain he makes in controling himself. And that if he can do no better than min- imize the frequency, he does much. And that after a while he will learn to gain complete mastery. The truth and effectiveness of all this ac- cords with experience among those who mas- turbate. The: Simple: Truth 57 If the habit of masturbation should have become well established, and if one is sick, uncertain and discouraged, the best thing to do is to consult an honest physician who un- derstands, inform him truthfully, then fol- low his advice. Always avoid advertisers and other quacks. It is well to know that not only the habit of improper thoughts tends to perpetuate the difficulties of combating the practice, but that there may also develop a chronic irrita- bility of the posterior urethra, wihch greatly tends to stimulate the sex centres to produce sexual excitement. This irritability can be easily cured by proper management and application of rem- edies that any well informed physician knows. Not every physician, otherwise competent, knows just how to deal with sexual prob- lems, so one should not be discouraged if the first one consulted does not know ex- actly, or fails to afford help. The; Simple; Truth 58 VARICOCELE Varicocele is a condition, where the veins of the spermatic cord, which are within the scrotal bag, are enlarged. It usually occurs on the left side. The condition first appears some time after puberty, and the mass may be noticed to increase in size for several years. When handled, the mass gives one the impression of handling a bunch of worms. There are several things which may ag- gravate the condition; such as constipation, and prolonged congestion due to sustained sexual excitement. It is perhaps primarily due to an inherent tendency of enlargement in the veins. As a rule varicocele need give no con- cern, even when at times attention is drawn to it by a little discomfort. In a limited number of cases, where the discomfort is annoying, or dragging pains persist (this usually happens after fatigue, or long standing on one’s feet), a physician should be consulted. The Simple Truth 59 A simple surgical operation cures any case permanently. Quacks, who make much ado about vari- cocele, often causing unnecessary worry to the patient, should be entirely ignored and avoided. In this connection, it may be well to know that the left testicle is larger than the right, and hangs lower in the scrotum than the right. It is surprising how this trivial ana- tomical fact has served to worry the unin- formed and enrich the quacks. The Simple Truth 60 VENEREAL DISEASES There are three diseases peculiarly asso- ciated with the sexual organs, and dissemi- nated in nearly all cases by sexual contact. These venereal diseases are: Gonorrhea; Chancroid; Syphilis (lues or pox). Here should also be mentioned that crab lice, body lice, and itch, are sometimes trans- mitted during contact. Gonorrhea or clap is an infectious disease due to the presence of a germ called the Gon- nococcus, which is about 1/15000 of an inch in diameter, only visible under a high power microscope. The disease shows in from three to ten days (usually five to seven) after contact, and develops with an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the anterior urethra (see anatomy), and a discharge of pus, or “matter.” It is painful, especially during the acute stage. If it runs a favorable course the infection The Simpee Truth 61 does not go beyond the anterior urethra, and will be cured in five or six weeks. Very many cases, through lack of proper care and treatment, will not run a favorable course. Infection then spreads to the pos- terior urethra, and may involve some or all of the sex organs and structures; thus be- coming a very difficult condition to treat; often followed by serious consequences, not only at the time, but also in later years. Not only the sex organs, but the bladder and kidneys may become affected by exten- sion. Bright’s disease of the kidneys is thought to be an occasional complication of gonorrhea. The prostate gland, which is so important in its relation to the urethra, and outlet of the bladder, is frequently inflamed as a re- sult of gonorrheal infection extending to the posterior urethra; becomes permanently en- larged; and is apt to cause a great deal of trouble. Many such cases of enlarged prostate go on until late in life; when, finally, surgical intervention is necessary.. 62 The: Simple Truth Not every case of enlarged prostate gland is due to gonorrhea. The epididymis and testicle are sometimes involved in gonorrhea, and the function of supplying spermatozooa is apt to be lost. When both testicles are so involved, per- manent sterility is the consequence. Poisons, or the germ itself, sometimes get into the general system, causing such things as neuritis (inflammation of nerves), arthri- tis (inflammation of joints), endocarditis inflammation of the lining of the heart), meningitis (inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord). The difficulty of treating the disease, when complications have set in or when it be- comes chronic, is due to the circumstance that the germs get into the numerous little glands, and even enter the cells of the mu- mucous membrane and glands, from which positions it is very difficult to dislodge them. Therefore, although the disease may ap- pear to be cured, the germs lie dormant for months or years, only to break out in activ- ity anew at some unexpected time. The; Simple Truth 63 In that way many married women acquire the disease from the husband who thought he had been cured. The disease in women is even more dis- astrous than in men, for it is very apt to spread to the uterus and fallopian tubes, and sometimes to the abdominal cavity, result- ing in abscesses and peritonitis. These conditions demand major surgical operations; either at the time of complica- tion, or, as very often happens, after years of ill-health and sorrow. Many such operations are done by all sur- geons. The germ, if conveyed to the eyes by con- taminated hands, handkerchief, etc., causes violent inflammation which often results in blindness. In fact, a large percentage of blindness oc- curring in infants (which means fifteen per cent of all blindness that occurs), is due to getting gonorrheal germs in the eyes as the child passes through the infected vagina at birth; the mother having previously been in- fected by the father. It is a popular grave error to believe or say that a case of “clap” is no worse than a 64 The Simple Truth bad cold, and the common saying that one is “not a man until he has had a dose,” is most vicious. The truth is that most cases (under good treatment only) get well without serious consequences. But a very large percentage of all cases, thousands of cases annually, be- come complicated, and cause untold suffer- ing and misery for the innocent as well as for those who might (and should) have avoided the disease. If, through error or misfortune, one con- tracts the disease, there is but one course to pursue; consult an honest physician and follow his advice. Under no circumstances should one rely upon drug store treatment, patent or adver- tised medicines, quacks, or the suggestions of smart Alexanders who pretend to know. If any course other than submitting to treatment by a competent physician is fol- lowed, one will rue the day he tried it. The; Simple Truth 65 CHANCROID Chancroid is a disease favored by unclean* liness, and probably caused by a germ known as the bacillus of Ducrey. It appears as a sore or ulcer, sometimes called soft chancre, on the glans or prepuce, giving off serum and pus, and is painful. It appears nearly always upon the penis, about three days after exposure. As a rule, it occurs in more than one spot at a time, and may spread wherever the pus touches. It may become most virulent, and eat away considerable tissue, leaving scars or disfigurements. A frequent complication is bubo or “blue balls,” which means abscess of lymphatic glands. Usually those in the groins are af- fected. Chancroid is easily curable if cleanliness and proper treatment is followed. This disease should not be confounded with chancre, which is vastly more serious, chancre being the initial sore of syphilis. 66 The Simple Truth Hence the advisability of consulting com- petent physicians as soon as anything suspi- cious appears, for the purpose of learning immediately the exact nature of the disease, and receiving the appropriate treatment for it. The; Simple; Truth 67 SYPHILIS Syphilis is the most dreadful of diseases that afflict civilized man, and the least ex- cusable one, because easily preventable by non-exposure. It is probable that this disease existed in ancient times, although it is generally held that syphilis was unknown in the old world, until the sailors of Columbus brought it from the new world. Its victims are legion. Quoting from Havelock Ellis, a noted English authority: “The dangers of syphilis lie not alone in its potency and its persistence but also in its prevalence. It is difficult to state the exact incidence of syphilis, but a great many par- tial investigations have been made in vari- ous countries, and it would appear that from five to twenty per cent of the population in European countries is syphilitic, while about fifteen per cent of the syphilitic cases die from causes directly or indirectly due to the disease. In France generally, Fournier esti- mates that seventeen per cent of the whole population have had syphilis, and at Tou- louse, Audry considers that eighteen per cent of all his patients are syphilitic. In 68 The; Simple Truth Copenhagen, where notification is obliga- tory, over four per cent of the population are said to be syphilitic. In America, a commit- tee of the Medical Society of New York ap- pointed to investigate the question, reported as the result of exhaustive inquiry that in the city of New York not less than a quarter of a million of cases of venereal disease oc- curred every year, and a leading New York dermatologist has stated that among the better class families he knows intimately at least one-third of the sons have had syphilis. In Germany eight hundred thousand cases of venereal disease are by one estimated to occur yearly, and in the larger universities twenty-five per cent of the students are in- fected every term, venereal diseases being, however, specially common among stu- dents.” Syphilis is caused by a microscopic ani- mal called treponema pallidum, which lives in the blood and tissues. It may be contracted by using unclean towels, common drinking cups, kissing, or in any way that will bring the virus which pervades the discharge from ulcers, or even minute wounds of the infected body, in con- tact with the blood of a healthy person. The: Simple Truth 69 Physicians and surgeons, in the course of necessary ministration, not infrequently have been infected in the hands from con- tact. The infection probably cannot pass through the unbroken skin, which is the one thing that protects the balance of the one hundred per cent from getting syphilis. The usual mode of contracting the disease is by sexual contact. In this country, per- haps ninety-five per cent of cases are so con- tracted. In Russia, according to one recog- nized authority, less than half of all cases are acquired by sexual intercourse. Syphilis is manifested ten to twenty days sometimes longer) after exposure, by ap- pearance of the initial sore which at first is a pimple, then soon develops into a chancre. The chancre is a rather hard mass like a small button under the skin, and not very, if at all, painful. It may ulcerate, or may disappear with- out treatment. This constitutes the first stage. About six weeks after the chancre appears 70 The; Simple: Truth the so-called secondary sores and symptoms appear, starting the second stage. Headache, sore throat, eruptions, falling of hair, and many other signs are symptoms of the second stage, which may last for one or two years. The eruptions, etc., come in crops at vari- ous times during this stage, and in many dif- fering forms. The disease is most contagious during the first and second stages. The second stage merges gradually into the third stage, which is characterized by larger and deeper sores, and may involve any or all of the tissues and organs of the body—such as the bones, liver, stomach, in- testines, blood vessels, heart, lungs, glands, brain and spinal cord. A so-called fourth stage means the late re- sults, years after one stops treatment and after disappearance of all previous symp- toms ; ten, twenty, or forty years after one thinks he is cured. At this late time appear such diseases as general paralysis, or paresis; and locomotor ataxia. The Simple Truth 71 These two common conditions are prac- tically always due to syphilis and to no other cause. Locomotor ataxia is the commonest and most important of spinal cord diseases. Pains and difficulty in walking are promi- nent symptons. The sufferer soon becomes useless, growing gradually worse during the rest of his shortened life. There is little chance of a cure. General paralysis, sometimes erroneously called softening of the brain, is a disease of all structures but especially of the brain; the outstanding symptoms are rapidly de- menting insanity, terminating in death with- in a few years. No well developed case ever recovered. Although paresis makes up but a small fraction of permanent diseased conditions due to syphilis, ten to twelve per cent of all cases of insanity admitted to hospitals are cases of paresis. In addition to the other consequences of syphilis, there must be added countless cases of sterility, abortion and dead babies; num- berless surviving defectives and weaklings 72 The Simple Truth born of syphilitic parents to afflict the world, and suffer from it in turn. In the light of fuller knowledge, and inti- mate observation of the manifold ravages of syphilis, one is appalled by this “Captain of the Men of Death.” If one should contract the disease, inno- cently or otherwise, there is but one course to pursue: consult reputable physicians, and follow their advice scrupulously. It is thought to be curable, if treated prop- erly, and over a long time; but at best, one who has been infected is never quite him- self again. All that has been said about the matter of proper treatment, and of quacks, in con- nection with gonorrhea, is applicable to syphilis; but it is far more important to heed the advice. Venereal disease claims its victims in pal- ace and hovel alike—without distinguishing between the innocent and the erring. It is estimated by different observers that from thirty to eighty per cent of all men in the United States, sooner or later, contract some form of venereal disease. The; Simple Truth 73 About midway between those figures, or say fifty per cent, would be near enough the truth. And that is the most terrible truth of our social life. The shame of it is that society has always frowned upon the truth, or turned an un- heeding ear to those who would warn the world of these perils. Even now the people are awakening but slowly to the realization that venereal dis- ease is the greatest menace to the health of the race. 74 The Simple Truth PROSTITUTES OR WHORES Prostitutes are women who submit their bodies for hire. There are many of them, especially in large cities, and they are numbered by tens of thousands in each of the largest cities of the world. The common, ordinary whore, or street walking variety, is practically certain to be- come infected in a very short time with one or more venereal diseases. The more careful and discriminating smaller class of prostitutes, or those whc play mistress to one man (or more) at a time, are less apt to be diseased, although a goodly percentage are sooner or later af- fected. The “occasional” whore, the “private snap,” or those who go in for this sort of thing mostly for the fun and excitement, are very sure to become diseased, as this class is notoriously careless and the least cleanly. Most prostitutes are mental or moral de- fectives, although many do evince some good qualities of head and heart. However, be- The; Simple: Truth 75 ing under the ban of society, and spat upon by even those who patronize them, they soon grow calloused in the finer sensibilities of the sex, and ignore absolutely the inter- ests and health of others, so that they are perfectly conscienceless in spreading dis- ease. A most common form of deception re- sorted to by whores, for the purpose of get- ting “business,” is to feign a lustful feeling of affection for the customer, and by every artifice try to beguile the hapless sucker to his ultimate sorrow. It can be imagined what little chance one has of escaping disease, when in commerce with prostitutes. As a purely business proposition, from the standpoint of profit and loss—dealings with lewd women are always a losing game. The expected pleasures and benefits are many times over counterbalanced by the evil results. Boasts often heard from the vainglorious of successful affairs and escapades with wo- men may fill the uninitiated with envy and longings for similar experiences; but the day should not be praised till evening, for 76 The Simple Truth in this particular business the morning promise nearly always turns to penitence before night. The facts are that many of such boasts are made purely as a result of wish-inspired fabrications. If the boaster tells the truth, he is at least betraying a confidence, and is a despicable creature; if he lies, he then maligns a wo- man and is a scoundrel. Even if one should for a time seem to revel in a shower of feminine favors, nature and the world keep perfect books; they never omit to enter a debit, and inexorably exact full payment. An erroneous teaching, which has influ- enced some in taking chance in the field of sexual adventure, is a belief in the efficiency of various contrivances and methods of pre- vention against venereal disease. There is no perfectly safe way of preven- tion, except non-exposure. The feeling of security in the use of any preventive method is sometimes the very means of leading one to acquire disease. The; Simple: Truth 77 Another source of mischief lies in the false information conveyed by exhibits in drug stores, and advertisements in print, designed to impress one with the efficacy of various methods, or medicines, in preventing con- ception (pregnancy). As was stated under prevention of dis- ease, so again here; non-exposure is the only safe preventive. Also, sometimes the thought is suggested that, even if conception has taken place, cer- tain “remedies” would produce abortion. No dependence can be placed in these “remedies”—any medicine powerful enough to be effective is extremely dangerous to use for such purposes. Still another erroneous belief held by not a few people is that doctors regard such mat- ters lightly, and will “help you out” by per- forming an operation. This is not true. While some doctors do yield to pleadings of distress, or to the lure of lucre, most physicians are too self-re- specting to become parties to a crime for hire. Furthermore, many abortions, done even by doctors, result badly, and often end in death. 78 The Simple Truth PERVERSIONS Perversions now and then are encoun- tered. A pervert or sexual degenerate is one who derives sexual satisfaction in unusual ways, or by practicing unnatural methods. Masturbation is not to be considered a perversion, unless practiced to uncontrol- able excess, or in preference to the normal act. Constitutional perverts or inverts are born with the taint. Perversions may also be acquired. Perverts or inverts may have criminal tendencies in connection with sexual excite- ment, and often mutilation and murder has been done, in pursuance of their lustful at- tempts upon others. Therefore they are al- ways to be classed as dangerous, and a menace to society for various reasons; even if only because of contamination of the young. They should be severely shunned. IV. CONCLUSION The one purpose running through this book is to give a sane answer to the eternal question: What is the best way to get the most good from the sexual endowment? In seeking for the answer, everyone ex- periences conflicting emotions, uncertainty of decision, and temptations to depart from the path marked out by teachers of morality, and social custom. To be fair and truthful, it must be ad- mitted that the outwardly approved custom does not always square with actual prac- tice. And this is a perpetual source of per- plexity to one just entering into the respon- sibilities of life, leading often to a wrong course. The natural modesty of boys, as well as girls, is a strong barrier against immorality; but this barrier is too often penetrated by influences arising out of prurient hypocrisy, which is fostered by lack of true knowledge of sex in its social relations. In conclusion, let me once again remind 80 The; Simple; Truth the reader that illicit sexual commerce never pays, because: If dealing with prostitutes or promiscuous women, whether for love or for money, ve- nereal disease is the great overshadowing danger; but many other troubles also inevit- ably go with it. If dealing with young girls, great wrong may be done, leading to possible dire conse- quences; and to compunctions of conscience long after the fleeting pleasures have been forgotten. Or else, as a result, be the girl innocent or not, one may be led to make a marriage against choice, which would be calamitous to one or both parties. If the objects of desire be married women, remember that—He who invades the sanc- tity of a home, steals what is, usually, not worth the theft; and pursuing a vagrant fancy whose best promise is of little worth, must tread a perilous path at hazard with tragedy, which, when it wins, strikes all con- cerned. So, in the fullness of experience, whether considered from the viewpoint of the gay Lothario of many escapades, the roue, sati- ated in a life time of sexual extravagance, the miserable syphilitic derelict, or the proud The: Simple: Truth 81 father of a healthy family, there is only one logical ideal: Live a clean, wholesome life, according to the laws of nature, and of reason. To you, my own little boys, every moment of whose lives I would have “jeweled with a joy,” knowing beyond the peradventure of a doubt, that herein I am right, I make the plea that each one of you may cherish, and be guided by that ideal. Early marriage—twenty-one to twenty- five—is best. Late marriage is not quite as nature designed; and, unless conditioned by some special reasons, bachelor life, for a man or woman is, compared to the more nat- ural state, like a flower of duller shades and fainter perfume. I here record appreciation and thanks to those friends and colleagues whose criticism and suggestions have been helpful. Especially am I grateful to my associate and friend, Dr. Dwight S. Moore, whose wide experience and attainments have been of material aid in the completion of this booklet. V. SUPPLEMENTARY The workings of the human mind have at- tracted the attention of philosophers and scientists from the earliest times. Reference has frequently been made to the influence of mental states upon the sex- ual, and other functions; here it may not be amiss to review some features of mental processes, in relation to emotions, mental habits, and the personality, with which the sexual manifestations are so intimately in- terwoven. A child is born with its nervous system, of which the brain is the great centre, prac- tically complete; but it is devoid of mental experience. The instincts are inherent tendencies. At birth, with the first sensation of con- tact with a cold world, and the first gasp of breath, mental life begins. Every subsequent sensation of touch, pain, temperature, sight, hearing, smell, The Simple Truth 83 taste and the sensations originating within the body, are registered in the brain. These sense impressions are interpreted, analyzed and associated into ideas. Ideas are associated, and elaborated into judg- ments. The will, acting upon judgements, deter- mines action. These processes are called thinking. Conscious memory is the knowledge of facts previously experienced, and recalled as such. In a wider sense, memory is the faculty by which all sensations and reactions are registered upon the organism (chiefly the brain), and have a definite influence upon future activities. In other words, every new sensation and reaction is added to the pre- vious store of knowledge and experience, and inevitably exercises influence upon fu- ture actions. The sum total of sensations, thinking, and actions, and the awareness of these, is called consciousness. The realization that the conscious experi- ences belong to one’s own body, coupled 84 The: Simple: Truth with memories of past experiences, and an- ticipations for the future, makes up the per- sonality, or individuality. Accompanying the activities of conscious- ness is that subtle something which is called feeling, or emotion; and this may be either pleasant or unpleasant; agreeable or dis- agreeable. Examples: Fear, anger, pain, joy, sorrow, anxiety, worry, satisfaction, dis- appointment, etc. Feeling, or emotion, arises: I. In connection with sensations received through the sense organs, as sight, hearing, taste, pain, etc. II. In connection with the intellectual phase of desire, and of what is right or wrong in conduct and character. The power of moral discrimination is called conscience. Every shade of emotion has a significance, a definite effect upon bodily functions, and a definite influence in shaping the mental status, thinking and conduct. Generally speaking, those things which are helpful, constructive, tending to preser- The: Simple: Truth 85 vation of the individual and the race, pro- duce pleasant or agreeable feelings. Those which are harmful, destructive, tending to extinction, produce unpleasant, disagreeable or painful feelings. Hence emo- tions serve as indicators, or guides to action; one instinctively seeks that which is pleas- ant, and shuns that which is unpleasant. But human beings may not follow the pure dictates of nature, where that course comes in conflict with contingencies imposed by social environment. It may be remarked that the impulses of instinct, which in all animals tend to defi- nite predetermined reactions, become modi- fiable in proportion to the development of brain functions. The grade of brain devel- opment is reflected by the degree of train- ing of which an animal is capable, and by the complexity of emotional manifestation. Not until man’s level is reached are the native impulses held, in a measure, sub- servient to abstract reasoning, and the eth- ical, altruistic manifestations made possible. The child, unhampered by knowledge or necessity, follows impulses of the natural in- 86 The; Simple: Truth stincts. As time goes on, its store of knowl- edge and experience increases; the power of reasoning develops more and more; con- science comes into being (and is always modified by training and surrounding influ- ences) ; and so he learns to control the nat- ural impulses, more or less. It is common experience that success in pursuit of desire is accompanied by pleas- urable emotions of satisfaction, content- ment, etc., while failure causes feelings of dissatisfaction and depression. In all moral questions of right and wrong, conscience stands an uncompromising cen- sor-thoughts or conduct, in harmony with right, being approved by the censor, give pleasurable emotions of well being, elation, pride, etc. Thoughts or conduct, out of harmony with the right, are accompanied by feelings of self-reproach, shame, dejection, etc. Emotions afifect the individual in propor- tion to their intensity and duration. Unlike the emotions arising from the sense organs, which are brief or of momen- tary duration, the emotions of intellectual The Simple Truth 87 origin—especially disagreeable ones—are apt to be prolonged, and may be continued indefinitely as memories. It should be stated that nature is liberal, and allows a wide latitude for the harmless play of emotions; they can be injurious only when violently manifested, or when pro- longed by a fostering indulgence into a habit of mind, such as anxiety, worry, fear, etc. Long continued anxiety, worry, fear, have direct and baneful effects upon all bodily functions, as digestion, circulation, and the vital chemistry of body changes; and are accountable for a vast deal of invalidism, suffering and inefficiency. Whereas, cheer- ful, hopeful mental states have opposite, beneficial effects. It is a fundamental law of nature that all mental reactions are made easier by repeti- tion, and tend to become established as habits of thought. Obviously then, one may control to a con- siderable extent, the occurrence of emotions and formation of mental habits: I. By choosing one’s environment and associates. 88 The; Simple; Truth There is nothing lost in nature; every stimulus or influence that reaches the or- ganism has an effect which is conditioned by the individual’s habitual frame of mind; hence II. By directing one’s thoughts, and setting up ideals in harmony with the dic- tates of wisdom. If the “wisdom of man can be measured by his foresight,” it is wise to look ahead and anticipate human events by taking a course that makes for pleasant emotions and good habits of mind—avoiding that which is antagonistic. If vicious habits have already been formed the principle of conduct should be to re- place them; and this is accomplished best by employing one’s time in wholesome pur- suits. Physical exercise in the shape of work is the one most effective preventive of bad habits of mind and body; and the most po- tent corrective of habits already formed. The physical work promotes healthful functioning of the body, and the uncon- sciously enforced participation of the mind precludes the possibility of indulging in un- The Simple Truth 89 productive or vicious day dreaming, and de- velops decision of purpose through the dis- cipline. Cultivate a cheerful attitude. Look at the bright side. Avoid a too serious view of life. Cherish clean ideals. Let desire be legitimate, and for that which one may reasonably hope to attain. Remember that right conduct only issues from the desire to do right. The mistakes and failures which attend honest effort are not occasions for vain re- grets. Rather are they to be regarded as incidents on the road to ultimate success— as necessary materials in the building of strong character. For many reasons, natural and social, which must be obvious to all, the sexual in- stinct is peculiarly productive of emotions, and plays a paramount role in the formation of character. It is the center around which revolve the most compelling desires, the dearest hopes, the darkest despair, and the serenest happiness of life. 90 The Simple Truth In the light of the simple facts of body, and mind, as set forth in this volume, one may choose happiness or sorrow, much as he will. He may elect to be a spendthrift, and dis- sipate the splendid gifts bestowed upon him by nature; or he may wisely conserve the sweets—not only that he might enjoy the normal functions of his body all his days, but that he may pass on to posterity fit can- didates for the Aristocracy of Heredity—the only aristocracy worth while. As man is, largely, a bundle of habits, the mind may be compared to a garden; good habits to flowers; bad habits to weeds. That one may develop this garden it is necessary, first of all, to learn to distinguish the weeds from the flowers, not only when they are full grown, but especially while they are yet young—and to distinguish the seed. Weeds grow without cultivation, and are hardy; flowers require cultivation, and are less hardy, until deeply rooted. The most effective and useful time to cul- tivate is in the springtime. The Simple Truth 91 The chief task is to overcome the weeds —all else is easy. When the garden is once started right, comparatively little attention will keep the weeds out; and the flowers will grow, and bloom in the fullness of their fragrance and beauty.