ACTS OF ACTS REGULATING THE PRACTICE OF PHYSICK AND SURGERY, WITH THE W5NLAW3 &MW OSUNHBSfe OF THE Massachusetts Metrical Socfetg, CO ; ! . - /;. BOSTON: PRINTED BY JOSEPH W. 1822. INGRAHAM w Al M I > Fart wd. 2745; /vb, z ACTS OF INCORPORATION. COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS. IN THE YEAR OF OUR LORD, 1781. Jin Act to incorporate certain Physicians, by the name of " The Massachusetts Medical So- ciety." health is essentially necessary to the hap- piness of society; and as its preservation or re- covery is closely connected with the knowledge of the animal economy, and of the properties and effects of medicines; and as the benefit of medical institutions, formed on liberal principles, and encouraged by the patronage of the law, is universally acknowledged: 1. Be it therefore enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives, in General Court assem- bled, and by the authority of the same, That JYathaniel Walker Appleton, William Baylies, Benjamin Curtis, Samuel Danforth, Aaron Dexter, Shirley Erving, John Frink, Joseph Gardner, Samuel Holten, Edward Augustus Holyoke, Ebene- ser Hunt, Charles Jarvis, Thomas Kast, Giles As 4 Crouch Kellogg, John Lynn, James Lloyd, Joseph Ortiz, James Pecker, Oliver Prescott, Charles Pynchon, Isaac Rand, Isaac Rand, Jun., Micajah Sawyer, John Sprague, Charles Stockbridge, John Barnard Swett, Cotton Tufts, John Warren, Thomas Welsh, Joseph Whipple, and William Whiting, be, and they hereby are, formed into? constituted, and made a body politic and corpo- rate, by the name of " The Massachusetts Medi- cal Society ;" and that they and their successors, and such other persons as shall be elected in the manner hereafter mentioned, shall be and con- tinue a body politic and corporate, by the same name, for ever. 2. And be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the fellows of said society may, from time to time, elect a president, vice president, and secretary, with other officers as they shall judge necessary and convenient; and they, the fellows of said society, shall have full power and authori- ty, from time to time, to determine and establish the names, number, and duty of their several offi- cers, and the tenure or estate they shall respec- tively have in their offices; and also to authorize and empower their president, or some other offi- cer, to administer such oaths to such officers, as they, the fellows of said society, shall appoint and determine for the well ordering and good go- vernment of said society, provided the same be not repugnant to the laws of this commonwealth- * 5 3. And be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the fellows of said society shall have one common seal, and power to break, change, and renew the same at their pleasure. 4. And be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, That they, the fellows of said society, may sue and be sued in all actions, real, personal, or mixed, and prosecute and defend the same unto final judgment and execution, by the name of The Massachusetts Medical Society. 5. And be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the fellows of said society may from time to time elect such persons to be fellows thereof, as they shall judge proper; and that they, the fellows of said society, shall have power to sus- pend, expel, or disfranchise any fellows of said society. 6. And be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the fellows of said society shall have full power and authority to make and enact such rules and by-laws, for the better government of said society, as are not repugnant to the laws of this commonwealth; and to annex reasonable fines and penalties to the breach of them, not exceeding the sum of twenty pounds, to be sued for and recovered by said society, and to their own use, in any court of record within this com- monwealth proper to try the same; and also to establish the time and manner of convening the fellows of said society; and also to determine the number of fellows that shall be present to constitute a meeting of said society; and also, that the number of said society, who are inhabi- tants of this commonwealth, shall not, at any one time, be more than seventy, nor less than ten; and that their meetings shall be held in the town of Boston, or such other place within this com- monwealth, as a majority of the members present, in a legal meeting, shall judge most fit and con- venient. And whereas it is clearly of importance that a just discrimination should be made between such as are duly educated, and properly qualified, for the duties of their profession, and those who may igno- rantly and wickedly administer medicine whereby the health and lives of many valuable individuals may be endangered, or perhaps lost to the com- munity : 7. Be it therefore enacted by the authority afore- said, That the president and fellows of said soci- ety, or such other of their officers or fellows as they shall appoint, shall have full power and authority to examine all candidates for the prac- tice of physick and surgery (who shall offer them- selves for examination) respecting their skill in their profession; and if, upon such examination, the said candidates shall be found skilled in their profession, and fitted for the practice of it, they shall receive the approbation of the society, in letters testimonial of such examination, under the 7 seal of the said society, signed by the president, or such other person or persons as shall be ap- pointed for that purpose. 8. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That if the said president, and such oth- er person or persons, so elected and appointed for the purpose of examining candidates as aforesaid, shall obstinately refuse to examine any candidate so offering himself for examination as aforesaid, each and every such person, so elected and ap- pointed as aforesaid, shall be subject to a fine of one hundred pounds, to be recovered by the said candidate, and to his own use, in any court within this commonwealth proper to try the same. 9. And be it further enacted by the authority aforesaid, That the fellows of said society may, and shall for ever, be deemed capable in law, of having, holding, and taking in fee simple, or any less estate by gift, grant, or devise, or otherwise, any land, tenement, or other estate, real or per- sonal; provided that the annual income of the whole real estate that may be given, granted or devised to, or purchased by, the said society, shall not exceed the sum of two hundred pounds, and the annual income or interest of said personal estate, shall not exceed the sum of six hundred pounds ; all the sums mentioned in this act to be valued in silver at six shillings and eight pence per ounce: and the annual income or interest of the said real and personal estate, together with 8 the fines and penalties paid to said society, or re- covered by them, shall be appropriated to such purposes as are consistent with the end and de- sign of the institution of said society, and as the fellows thereof shall determine. 10. And be it further enacted, That the first meeting of the said Medical Society shall be held in some convenient place in the town of Boston; and that Edward Augustus Holyoke, Esq. be, and he hereby is, authorized and directed to fix the time for holding the said meeting, and to notify the same to the fellows of said Medical Society. [This act passed, JYovember 1, 1781.] An Act in addition to an Act, passed in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty- one, entitled, " An Act to incorporate certain Physicians, by the name of The Massachusetts Medical Society." Whereas some doubts have arisen with respect to the extent of the powers given to, and duties required of, the said society, by the act to which this is in addition, touching the examination of any candidates for the practice of physick and surgery, " who shall offer themselves therefor, respecting their skill in their profession," as well as with respect to the authority of the said socie- 9 ty, to demand and receive a suitable compensa- tion for their time, trouble, and expense, in ex- amining candidates, and for the letters testimo- nial, which, by the said act, they are required to give to such as shall be approbated: For removing the said doubts, 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives, in General Court assembled, and by the authority of the same, That it shall be the duty of the said Massachusetts Medical Society, in order more effectually to answer the designs of their institution, from time to time, to describe and point out such a medical instruction, or edu- cation, as they shall judge requisite for candi- dates for the practice ofphysick and surgery, pre- vious to their examination before them, or their officers, appointed for said purpose, respecting their skill in their profession, and shall cause the same to be published in three newspapers, in three different counties within this common- wealth : and every candidate, examined and approved by the president and fellows of the said society, or such of their officers or fellows as they shall appoint, shall be held to pay such reasonable fees of office as shall be established by the said society, for the examination of can- didates, and letters testimonial in favour of such as shall be approbated ; and the treasurer of the said society, for the time being, shall have 2 10 full power and authority to sue for and recover the same, in any court proper to try the same. 2. And be it further enacted, That the eighth enacting clause of the said incorporating act, making the president, or such other person or persons as shall be elected for the purpose of examining candidates, each and every of them, subject to a fine of one hundred pounds, in case of obstinate refusal to examine any candidate offering himself therefor, be, and it is hereby, repealed. 3. And be it further enacted, That from and af- ter passing this act, whenever the officers ap- pointed for examining candidates for the prac- tice of physick and surgery, shall obstinately and unreasonably refuse to examine such as may ap- ply therefor, respecting their skill in their pro- fession, the officers, so refusing, shall be subject to a fine not exceeding one hundred pounds, nor less than twenty pounds, to be sued for and re- covered by the candidate injured, and to his own use, in any court within this commonwealth, proper to try the same. [This act passed, February 10, 1789.] 11 An Act in addition to an Act, entitled, " An Act to incorporate certain Physicians, by the name of the Massachusetts Medical Society." Whereas the Act entitled, " An Act to incorpo- rate certain physicians by the name of the Mas- sachusetts Medical Society," has been found, in its operation, insufficient to effect the important and desirable purposes for which it was de- signed : 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives, in General Court assembled, and by the authority of the same, That the fellows, for the time being, of the said Massachusetts Medi- cal Society, in any meeting or meetings, to be called and holden for the purpose, before the next annual meeting, shall have authority to elect into that corporation, and to be fellows thereof, such and so many suitable persons, be- ing physicians or surgeons resident within this commonwealth, as they shall see fit, any thing in the act, to which this is in addition, to the con- trary notwithstanding. Provided, that all per- sons so elected, shall, within one year after such election, subscribe the by-laws of the said socie- ty, or otherwise declare, in writing, their assent thereto, or such election shall be void. 2. And be it further enacted, That at the next annual meeting of the fellows of said society, and 12 afterwards at every annual meeting thereof. there shall be chosen by ballot, in which any absent member may vote by his proxy, duly au- thorized in writing, so many counsellors as the said society shall, from time to time, judge ne- cessary and expedient, who shall hold their offi- ces for the year next ensuing their election, and until another election of counsellors in their place ; and the fellows, at their annual meetings, whenever such a number shall be present as the regulations of the society may require, may re- vise, alter, enlarge, and repeal, the by-laws of the said society, as the major part of the fellows pre- sent may see fit, and not otherwise. 3. And be it further enacted, That the counsel- lors of the said corporation, and their successors after them, shall assemble and convene, three times in the year, at such times and places, as the by-laws of the said corporation shall hereafter direct. Pro- vided, that the first meeting be within thirty days after the annual meeting of the said society; and the said counsellors shall assemble and convene at any other time, as the by-laws of the said cor- poration shall hereafter direct, and whenever notified to convene by their presiding officer; and the meeting of the said counsellors shall be held in the town of Boston, or as near thereto as may be; and at the said first meeting of the counsel- lors, after the annual meeting of the said society, the said counsellors shall proceed to appoint. 13 from among themselves, a president, and such other officers of the said corporation, as are and shall be required in the rules and by-laws thereof to be so appointed; likewise five examiners or censors, for the examination of all persons who, having been students in medicine and surgery, agreeably to the regulations of the said society, shall offer themselves to be approved and licens- ed, as practising physicians and surgeons; and the said counsellors, at any of the three stated meetings of the same, and only at these meetings, and after three months nomination of every can- didate, and not otherwise, by a major vote of those present, may elect any suitable person or persons, to be a fellow or fellows of the said society.— Provided, That all practising physicians and sur- geons, resident within this commonwealth, who ^ shall be so elected, shall, within one year after such election, subscribe the by-laws of the said society or otherwise declare, in writing, their as- sent to the same, or such election shall be void. And all persons, not practising physicians or sur- geons, or not resident within this commonwealth, who shall be so elected, may be deemed honorary members of the said society, and, at any meeting of the said counsellors, they may fill any vacant office, and perform any other duties, as the by- laws of the said corporation shall direct. 4. And be it further enacted, That, for the pur- pose of examining candidates as aforesaid, three, 14 at least, of the examiners or censors, who shall be appointed as aforesaid, shall be convened in the town of Boston, on the Thursday next pre- ceding the annual meetings of the said society, and at such other times and places as the by-laws of the said society shall direct; and every candidate, who, upon examination, shall be approved by a majority of the said examiners, shall be entitled to letters testimonial of their approbation, and of their license, to such candidate, to become a practitioner in medicine or surgery ; under the hands of the examiners consenting thereto : and to such letters testimonial, the seal of the said corporation shall be affixed, by the president or secretary, if any there shall be, with the signa- ture of the same ; and every person, who shall receive the said letters testimonial, and such also as hereafter may be admitted to the degree of bachelor of medicine at Harvard university,* shall be entitled to the use of the libraries of the society, under such restrictions as the counsellors may direct: and after three years approved prac- tice in medicine and surgery, and being of good moral character, and not otherwise, shall, upon * The counsellors of the Massachusetts Medical Society consider the provisions of the act of 1003, relating to bache- lor of medicine, at Harvard university, as applying also to doctor of medicine, as that degree is now substituted for the Jp J ?uiar practices. ever any feuow 0f the society shall publicly advertise for sale any medicine, the composi- tion of which he keeps a secret ; or shall, in like manner, offer to cure any disease by any such secret medicine, he shall be liable to expulsion, or such other penalty, as the society, at their annual meeting, many think proper to inflict. 27 CHAPTER II. OF THE counsellors. Sect. I. There shall be a stated meeting Me*«Bp °r <*> Counsellors. of the counsellors, on the day next follow- ing the annual meeting of the society, in the place of such meeting, or as near thereto as may be, at the hour of 10, a. m. notice whereof shall be given at the same time the annual meeting of the society is notified. At this meeting there shall be chosen, by order at first , li f n i meeting. the counsellors present, from among all the persons elected counsellors, a president, vice president, corresponding secretary, record- ing secretary, treasurer, librarian and cabi- net keeper, and five censors, who shall hold their respective offices for the year ensu- ing, and until others are chosen in their stead. An inquiry shall be made, at this meeting, respecting the state of the treasury and library. A stated meeting of the counsellors shall octoberandFet- ° ruaiy meetings. also be held on the first Wednesday of Oc- tober and February, annually, at such hour and place as the president shall appoint; notice whereof shall be given in two news- papers printed in the city of Boston, four- teen days, at least, previous to the meeting. The president shall call special meetings, speeiai meet whenever he shall deem it expedient, or whenever five of the counsellors shall re- 28 quest it in writing. Notice shall be given of these meetings at least fourteen days pre- vious, except in some peculiar and extraor- Extra meetings, dinary case, and then the president, with the consent of five counsellors, may call a meet- ing without such previous notice, but with such, as circumstances may admit. quorum. in au meetings of the counsellors, except the first after their election, nine shall be present to constitute a quorum for the trans- action of business. Nominations. Sect. II. Election of Fellows and Honora- ry Members. Nominations of candidates for election as fellows or honorary members of the society, shall be made to the counsel- lors, by one or more of the fellows ; but no person resident within the limits of any es- tablished district society, shall be nominated by any one not belonging to that district. The counsellors shall, at every stated meeting, examine and act upon the list of nominations, and the applications for admis- sion in course, if any such there may be. Notification to Every person elected or admitted a fellow, gentlemen of ad* l ...isson. fe]lajj ke notified thereof by the correspond- ing secretary; and upon declaring his assent, in the manner required by the act of incor- poration, shall receive from the recording secretary a diploma in the form following: viz. 29 Societas Medica Massachusettensis. Omnibus ad quos haec pervenerint salutem. Di |oraft of fel Quum Reipublicae Massachusettensis Sum-low,h,p* ma Auctoritas Societati Medicas Massachu- settensi jus et privilegium concessit, ut medi- cines Cultores, qui artem suam fideliter edis- cendo, vel recte exercitando, famam hones- tam consecuti sunt; illos eligerent et sibi so- cios adjungerent: Notum esto; quod his propositis exsequendis, Consiliarii Societatis Medicas Massachusettensis Socium accepe- runt in oppido comitatu habitantem, virum vitae integerrimum, artisque medendi peritissimum, qui suis et auxilio et decori semper fuit; et quern om- nibus honoribus et privilegiis Societatis dig- nissimum judicaverunt. Quorum in testimonium, Sigillum Societa- tis affigendum dedi, nomenque meum appo- sui, Bostoniae, Die Mensis Anno- que salutis humanae, millesimo octingente- simo et Attestante, a Secretis. Prases. Sect. III. General Duties. Thatthein-Generaidut.es of Counsellors. tention of the legislature, expressed in their acts of incorporation, may be effected, it shall be the duty of the counsellors for the time being, once in every three years, at least, to specify such authors in anatomy, 30 fbeaUco1Sraof chemistry, materia-medica, surgery, mid- wifery, and the theory and practice of me- dicine, as they shall judge proper and ne- cessary to be studied by medical and surgi- cal pupils, previous to, and to qualify them for, an examination before the censors: and they shall, as the law directs, cause this specification to be published in three news- papers, in three different counties, and in at least two papers in the city of Boston. s^lbecu^Tthe r^^ie counsellors shall, occasionally, pro- pose subjects for the attention of the fel- lows ; such as the history of epidemics, ac- counts of births and deaths, diaries of the weather, &c. to be communicated to the society. si.aii receive All communications shall be received by communications. , ,, 1 1 <> 1 i i ' the counsellors, and such oi them selected as are proper to be read at the meetings of the fellows of the society; or, if they judge it more expedient, summaries of their con- tents shall be prepared. publications. The counsellors may select and publish, from time to time, such papers and proceed- ings of the society, as they shall judge pro- per, and appropriate money for this or any other purpose, for which they may deem it expedient so to do, as far forth, as the funds of the society will permit. Am.uai Dis. Sect. IV. Discourse. The counsellors shall, at their meeting in June or October, course-. 31 annually appoint a suitable person, or per- sons to read a discourse or dissertation, on such medical subject as the person so elect- ed may choose, before the fellows of the society, at their annual meeting ; and in case the person or persons thus chosen should decline the service, the president, with five counsellors, may appoint others in their stead. A copy of every such discourse, when read, shall be deposited, by its author, with the corresponding secretary. CHAPTER III. OP OFFICERS. Sect. I. President. The president shall Duties of the call all meetings of the fellows and counsel- lors of the society, regulate all debates, state and put questions, call for reports of com- mittees, enforce an observance of the by- laws and regulations, have custody of, and use, on proper occasions, the seal of the so- ciety, administer such oaths as are conforma- ble to the constitution, have a casting vote in all meetings of the fellows and counsel- lors of the society, and perform such other duties as may be assigned to him. Sect. II. Vice-President. The vice- duum of the . , . piii • Vice-President. president, in case ot the death, resignation disability, or absence of the president, shall 32 hold and exercise all the powers, set forth in the first section of this chapter, until a new choice of president. In the absence of the president and vice-president, the senior counsellor present shall preside in the meet- ings of the fellows and counsellors of the society. Duties of cones- Sect. III. Corresponding Secretary. The ponding Secreta- -1 i 1 l r>'- corresponding secretary shall have the charge and custody of all letters and com- munications transmitted to the counsellors of the society ; shall cause papers, written in any foreign language, to be translated into English; shall prepare and transmit answers to correspondents, in such language and form as the counsellors may direct; shall transmit, to the secretaries of the several district societies, information of the books, specified and required by the counsel- lors, to be studied by all candidates for ex- amination before the censors ; shall, as soon as may be, notify every person elected or admitted a fellow or honorary member of the society, of his election or admission, and the time when it was made; and at the same time, transmit him a copy of the laws and by-laws of the society ; shall report, at each meeting of the counsellors, the names of those, who have signified their acceptance of fellowship, since the previous meeting, and shall perform such other duties, as may bo assigned him. 33 Sect. IV. Recording Secretary. The"" recording secretary shall have charge ofry the laws and records of the society: He shall notify and attend the meetings of the fellows, counsellors, and censors of the soci- ty, and keep a fair record of their proceed- ings respectively, which he shall read at the opening of the succeeding meeting ; and he shall read at the meetings of the fellows of the society, all such communications as the counsellors may think proper to make. He shall receive the nominations and applica- tions of candidates for admission into the society, and, immediately after any person is elected or admitted a fellow or honorary member of the society, transmit information thereof, and a copy of the laws and by-laws to the corresponding secretary. He shall, immediately previous to the annual meeting, furnish the treasurer with a correct list of those, who have become fel- lows during the year. He shall receive applications from all per- sons, who may present themselves for exami- nation, take the fees of licentiates and pay them within one month afterward to the treasurer; he shall notify the chairman of all committees, furnish necessary papers, and the names of the committee; and perform any other services, which may be assigned him. 5 34 S"bSi se"ret0an- If> a* any time, either of the secretaries should be absent, the one attending shall perform the services of both; but, as soon as possible, the papers shall be arranged and delivered over to their proper depart- ment. The secretaries may, with the consent of the president, furnish attested copies of pa- pers and transactions, belonging to their several departments, for which such fees may be demanded, as the counsellors shall establish. Duties of the Sect. V. Treasurer. The treasurer shall give security for the trust reposed in him, whenever the counsellors shall judge it to be requisite, and the funds of the society will admit of a compensation for his services. He shall demand and receive all money due to the society, together with all bequests and donations: He shall demand, and, if ne- cessary, sue for and recover, all fines and as- sessments due to the society : He shall, un- der the direction of the counsellors, sell or lease any estate belonging to the society, and execute the necessary papers: He shall, in general, have the care and management of the fiscal concerns of the society, and keep an accurate statement of all receipts and expenditures : He shall not pay any mo- ney out of the treasury, but by an order from the president, and his accounts shall be ex- 35 amined and reported annually to the coun- sellors, at their first meeting after the first annual meeting of the society, by a com- mittee appointed by the counsellors for that purpose. Sect. VI. Librarian and Cabinet Keeper. brarifn0Indeca- The librarian and cabinet keeper shall have *™*£*. * in his custody and charge, the books, museum, instruments, and apparatus of the society. He shall keep an accurate register of, and arrange them in a proper manner; shall make such disposal of them, from time to time, as the counsellors may direct, for the benefit of the fellows: He shall make an annual statement of the business of his de- partment to a committee, who shall report the same to the counsellors; and he shall carefully record all donations, made in his department, to the society. Sect. VII. Resignation, Removal, and Resignation and /» /-»rr r\ rr r l removal of offi- Replacement of Officers. Every officer ot the ce«- society may, for sufficient reasons, resign his office, or may be removed therefrom, by order of the counsellors, for neglect, inattention, or mal-conduct; in either of which cases, or on the death of any officer, the counsellors shall supply his place, so soon as may be con- venient. 36 CHAPTER IV. OF EXAMINATIONS and licences. censors' meet- Sect. I. Censors' Meetings. The censors ings. o for the society at large, and for the first medical district, shall meet in the city of Boston, for the examination of candidates for the practice of medicine, surgery, and midwifery, on the Thursday next preceding the annual meeting of the fellows of the society, as provided in the act of incorpora- tion ; and on the last Wednesdays of Janua- ry and July. Those for the second medical district, in Worcester, on the Wednesday following the third Monday in June—Those for the third medical district, in Northampton, on the Wednesday following the third Tuesday in September—Those for the fourth medical district, in Lenox, on the Wednesday follow- ing the second Tuesday in September an- nually. Three shall constitute a quorum, and the Quorum. # * ' senior censor shall preside. Those excused The president, the vice president, and ceLnT^ ftS those who have heretofore sustained those offices, shall be exempted from serving in the office of censor; but no other fellows of 37 the society, unless by a vote of the counsel- lors. Every censor, who shall neglect or refuse J£»jg «*££ to attend the meetings for examination ofsor candidates, without offering an excuse, which shall be satisfactory to those who do attend, shall pay a fine of ten dollars for the use of the society. It shall be the duty of every board of cen- cemm gto^ sors to appoint, at their first meeting, a se- r> cretary from their own body, for the ensuing year. The duty of every secretary so ap- »• duty. pointed, shall be to keep a faithful record of the meetings and transactions of the board by which he is appointed, and to receive the fees for licenses ; and likewise, at the termi- nation of the year for which he shall be ap- pointed, to transmit to the treasurer of this society, the monies he may have received as above, and to the corresponding secretary of this society, a true copy of the records he may have made, in order that the same may be laid before the counsellors of the society. The secretary* of each board of censors Notice to ^ , •. -. .• pg'ven of Censor: shall notify the several stated meetings ol meetings. * The counsellors of the society offer the following explanation of the abbve rule, viz. : That the secretary of each board of censors must be considered as author- ized to act for the board of censors, in the same district, for the ensuing year, so far as to advertise the first regu- 38 the same, by advertisement, in two newspa- pers published within the medical district, to which he belongs, one month, at least, before the day of such meeting. Qualifications of Sect. II. Candidates and their qualifica- candidates for . T, 1 i - 1 • i • examination, tions. Every person educated within this commonwealth, shcril have the following qualifications to entitle him to an examina- tion by the censors of the society, or by those of any district. 1. He shall be a person of sound mind, and shall have such an acquaintance with the Latin language, as is necessary for a medical or surgical education, and with the principles of geometry and experimental philosophy. 2. He shall have studied three full years under the direction, and attended the prac- tice, of some one or more of the fellows or honorary members of the society; during which time, he shall have studied the most approved authors in anatomy, chemistry, materia medica, surgery, midwifery, and the theory and practice of medicine ; or, at least, all those which the counsellors shall from time to time specify, as constituting a proper course of medical or surgical education. lar meeting of the same, and likewise to receive and transmit to the board for the ensuing year, at their first annual meeting, the applications of candidates for ex- amination. 39 Any person, educated without this com- qualifications of 11 , i-i tnose « Censors. I. K. ) By virtue of the power in me vested, I have hereunto affixed the seal of the Massa- chusetts Medical Society. L. M., President. Attest, N. P., Recording Secretary. Every candidate for the practice of physick Law on uking I 1 11 1 J 1 U ' ce',sf-' an<1 P*> and surgery, who shall be approved by the ^sr fee. censors of this society, or by those of any district in this commonwealth, and every person, whose testimonials shall have receiv- ed the approbation of the same, shall take his license, and pay the fee therefor, as pre: scribed in the preceding sections, within six months from the date of such vote of appro- bation, or such vote shall be void. 44 Sect. 4. rules for conducting examina- tions. FIRST. Number of cen- At the meetings of the censors of this so- aors necessary O b»L*neM.n8aet,ng ciety, no vote shall be taken, and no business transacted, except a vote on the question of adjournment, unless three members of the board be present. SECOND. Preliminary Candidates for examination before any of proceedings and t r in i r regulations. the boards of censors shall, at or before- one of the stated meetings of such board, make application, and give their names in writing to the secretary of such board, and no candi- date shall be examined, except at a stated meeting of the board to which he applies, or at the adjournment of the same. At every such meeting, the candidates shall be called upon in alphabetical order, and each candidate shall be examined separately and in private. • THIRD. course of exami- In every examination the following course shall be pursued, viz. 1. The candidate shall be called upon uatiol Testimonials re* qmsue. £or wrjt-ten testimonials of his having com- plied with the conditions required by the second section of this chapter, in respect to education, and it shall be especially inquired whether any portion of the time, which he 45 has professed to devote to his medical edu- cation, has been employed in keeping school, or in any other occupation; and whenever What time is ,0 ■, ii_x j • j j. i i i be allowed when it appears that a candidate has employed the candidate . /. i • • -i • . i "■' kePl *cn°o11 a portion of his time in keeping school, or in any other occupation, and at the same time has been studying medicine and surgery, and it is certified by his medical preceptor, that he has diligently and assiduously em- ployed the hours not devoted to his school, in his professional studies, a part of the time so employed shall be allowed towards the making up the time of such candidate's pu- pilage ; that is to say, if the pupil has been engaged in a day school for five, or six hours in a day, one half the time so spent, shall be allowed towards the time of the pupilage ; and if a smaller portion of time has been so employed, an allowance shall be made in proportion; only, that in all cases, the last year of pupilage shall be entirely devoted to professional pursuits. The candidate's know- Pn?vipuj q„aIifi. ledge of the Latin language, and the principles of geometry and experimental philosophy, shall likewise be carefully inquired into, and fully shown, either by certificates from teach- ers of established reputation and good credit, or by actual examination. In every case, where the censors are not fully satisfied on the points here stated, the examination shall, close, and letters of approbation and license shall be refused. cations requisite. 46 List of books 2. In every case, where the censors are read to be ei- . hiwted. fuj]y satisfied on the points above stated, the candidate shall next be called upon for a list of the books he has read, and it shall be noticed whether this list includes the books required by the laws of the society, and, if he has not read the books so required, the examination shall close, and not be resumed until he has read the same. Branches ot* 3. The candidate, having passed through to be examined the preceding steps with approbation, shall next be examined in the following branches separately, viz. anatomy, surgery, pathology, and therapeutics; and in addition to such general inquiries as the censors examining may think proper, they shall examine him, particularly in some one of the books, re- quired by this society, to be read by medi- cal students, on each of the subjects above- mentioned. Mode of decid- 4. When the examination of the candi- Sfe.-1 merit."'"date has closed, he shall retire from the meeting of the censors, and the chairman shall propose the following question, to which each censor present, including the chairman, shall answer yea or nay, viz. Does the can- didate, who has now undergone examination, appear qualified to practise medicine or sur- gery, or both, (as the case may be,) and to take charge of the lives and health of his 47 fellow-men? If the major part of the censors present at his examination reply in the affirm- ative, he shall receive a letter of approba- tion and license, in the form prescribed in the preceding sections, he having paid the fee prescribed in the same; if otherwise, such letter shall be refused him. FOURTH. When any candidate presents himself to Mode of pro- •' l ceeding wits the censors, who has been educated out of ^r Ael^e, this commonwealth, and offers testimonials their testimo- nials. to show that he has received a proper edu- cation, and undergone an examination with success, before some competent body, agree- ably to the second section of the law of this commonwealth, passed February 19, 1819, entitled, " An act in addition to an act enti- tled an act regulating the practice of physick and surgery," the censors shall institute an inquiry into all or any evidence which shall come before them, whether the candidate has actually received as good an education as is required by the by-laws of this society, and whether the practice of the body, before whom such a candidate has been examined, has been such as to entitle their approbation to full respect; and, if the evidence be alto- gether favourable, such candidate shall be permitted to receive a letter of license from this society, in the form prescribed in the preceding section, he having paid the fee 48 prescribed in the same; but after examining the evidence in the case, if it do not appear that the education has been equal to that re- quired by this society, the candidate shall be rejected; and if it do not appear that the body which examined the candidate is enti- tled to full respect, or if, in any way, the censors are doubtful as to his qualifications, they shall examine him themselves, and de- cide upon the case as if he had never been examined before; but in this case, it shall not be considered necessary that he should have studied with a fellow of this society, or read the books required by this society to be read by medical students. CHAPTER V. OF DISTRICT SOCIETIES. Mode of appu. Sect. I. Mode of establishment. Ever? cation for char- v J ter* application for the establishment of a dis- trict society, shall be made in writing to the counsellors, stating the extent of territory in- tended to be comprehended by it, and the town or place where the meetings are pro- posed to be held. Whenever the counsel- lors shall accede to such application, they shall forthwith cause a charter to be issued jn the form following : 49 Commonwealth of Massachusetts. [l. s.] By the Counsellors of the Massachu- setts Medical Society. To A, B, C, D, E, F, and Y, Z, Fellows of the said Society, greeting. Your application, made in due form, re- questing that a district or subordinate Medi- cal Society might be instituted, to consist of the fellows of the Massachusetts Medical Society residing in the following towns, in the of viz. was duly considered, at a meet- ing of the counsellors, held at on the day of A. D. 18 , and it was thereupon voted that your request should be granted. Be it therefore known, That pursuant to an act of the legislature of this common- wealth, entitled, " An act in addition to an act, entitled, an act to incorporate certain persons, by the name of the Massachusetts Medical Society, authorizing the counsellors of said society thereunto, a district or subor- dinate society, by the name of is hereby established, to consist of those fel- lows of the Massachusetts Medical Society, now resident within the district aforesaid, for the purpose of electing officers, and transacting such other business, as they shall deem expedient. 7 Form of Charter lor District So- cieties. 50 In testimony whereof, the president, pur- suant to the aforesaid vote of the counsel- lors, has hereunto subscribed his name, and affixed the seal of the corporation at this day of A. D. 18 . M. M. President. Attest, N. P. Recording Secretary. m.trict socie- Sect. II. Of District Officers, and their duties relating to the General Society. In every district society, there shall be annu- Eiection of offl- a% elected a president, vice-president, trea- surer, secretary, and a librarian and cabinet keeper. Duties to the The president, vice-president and trea- surer of each district society, shall inspect all communications made to that society, and shall direct the secretary thereof to trans- mit, to the corresponding secretary of the society, such communications, or a copy thereof, or extracts therefrom, as they shall judge to be deserving the inspection of the counsellors. The secretary of each district society shall have custody of all communications made to that society, and shall keep a fair record of their proceedings; an account of which he shall annually transmit to the correspond- ing secretary of the society. He shall, from time to time, transmit to the said corres- ponding secretary, all such communications, District Secreta- ry's dnty. 51 as the president, vice-president, and treasurer of his district shall deem to be deserving the consideration of the counsellors; and he shall pay all fees, received from candidates licens- ed, within three months, to the treasurer of the society. The librarian and cabinet keeper of each DjJtrict Libra- district society, shall have the custody of the mni uty' books, museum, instruments, and apparatus belonging to his district; and shall transmit a catalogue of all the articles intrusted to his care, to the librarian and cabinet keeper of the general society: whenever any article shall be sold or exchanged, he shall, in like manner, give information thereof. The district censors shall meet at such Distrtat c^, times and places as the counsellors may di- s°' rect. Every member of a district society shall be liable to sustain the office of a cen- sor for the district wherein he resides, and none shall be exempt therefrom; and in case any one, appointed to the office, shall unrea- sonably neglect or refuse to perform the du- ties thereof, he shall forfeit and pay, to the treasurer of the general society, for every such neglect or refusal, the sum of ten dol- lars. Three shall constitute a quorum, in like manner, as is provided by the first sec- tion of the fourth chapter respecting the censors of the general society: and the coun- sellors shall be judges of the reasonableness 52 of every excuse, which shall be offered by any one, who shall fail to perform his duty as a district censor. Privileges of Sect. III. District Societies' Meetings. •Fellows in visit- '-J c"fti*strict so" The fellows and honorary members of the society may attend the meetings of any dis- trict society, although not members thereof; but shall not have the privilege of voting. CHAPTER VI. OF THE LIBRARY. Librarian's duty. 1. The librarian shall have in his custody and charge all books belonging to the socie- ty ; shall keep a register of, and arrange them in proper classes, and deliver them out to the fellows of the society, under the re- gulations subjoined, and such as may hereaf- ter be adopted. And he shall keep an ac- count of all books taken by district socie- ties. Application to 2. The fellows of the society shall be be made to the •* Libmian tor erjtitled to the use of such books as belong to the society, excepting such as are taken by district societies, on a personal or written application therefor to the librarian, and giv- ing him a receipt for the same. And it shall be the duty of the librarian to keep a 53 record of the delivery and receipt of such books, and the dates of the same. 3. Every fellow shall be allowed to retain Time ^>««i » for retention. a book from the library three montris, and no longer: after the expiration of which time, if he neglect or refuse to return it, he shall pay a fine of twenty-five cents a week during the period any book or books shall be so detained, and shall be deprived of any further use of the library until this is done. 4. If any book, in the possession of a fel- j£^ty for in" low, shall be injured, it shall be completely repaired, or replaced. 5. Any fellow of the society may have Numberofbooks one folio, two quartos, or three of smaller size; but no more, at any one time. 6. The librarian shall cause each book, "bramarlwnguty belonging to the library, to be marked on b00k'* the inside cover with the arms of this socie- ty, and underneath the following words: "Property of the Massachusetts Medical Society," or " Gift of A. B. to the Massachu- setts Medical Society," as the case may be. 7. The librarian may appoint a sub-libra- Librarian's sub. . stitute. rian for the delivery and receipt of books; and no person shall be allowed to take any book from the library excepting in the pre- sence of the librarian or sub-librarian. No fellow shall in any case be permitted to carry a book out of the state. 54 SSeTwhen1"* 8. When a fellow of the society applies book sent for is ^ 1 l l • i • l l ouf- for a book which is out, he may leave a written application for it with the librarian, who shall retain the book, after its return to the library, thirty days, for the person so applying for it. Books to bete- 9. All books, excepting such as are taken tnrned Ma> T o sothannually. ^ JJgtrJct societies, shall be returned on or before the 20th of May, annually, after which no book shall be issued before the day following the annual meeting of the so- ciety in June. Any person who violates this regulation shall pay a fine of one dollar. Honorary mem- 10. Honorary members, resident in this bers entitled to . books on paying state, shall have the same privileges ot the library as the fellows, on paying to the trea- surer the sum of one dollar annually. .. , . 11. At the last stated meeting of the Counsellors du- . © tLim«4Ttto counsellors, in every year, there shall be ap- pointed a committee consisting of three per- sons, to be called The Library Committee. It shall be the duty of this committee to examine into the state of the library, and report to the counsellors, whether the regu- lations respecting the library have been complied with; also to report to the socie- ty, or to the counsellors, as the case may require, all such measures respecting the library as they may judge necessary and ex- pedient. 55 12. It shall be the duty of the librarian gSSfff* to present bills of such fines as may be due from any fellows who may be present at the annual meetings of the society; and no fel- low shall use the library, after a bill of fines has been presented to him, until he shall pay the same. 13. The counsellors of this society, upon District societies the application of any district society, regu- ST*'™ larly made to them in writing, through the president and secretary of said district socie- ty, and in accordance with a proper vote of said society, may permit such'district society to take from the library of this society, any - number of volumes, not exceeding fifty, on the following conditions, viz. 1. The books so taken, shall be taken Cond;tJon5Upon which district and returned at the expense of the district locLies "mly have books. society applying for the same. 2. The books shall be such as are ap- proved by the counsellors, or by a committee appointed by them for that purpose. 3. When a parcel of books shall have been so taken, they shall be returned within two years, and a second parcel shall not be taken by any district society until the former parcel has been returned. 4. The books, thus taken by any district society, shall be under charge of such officer as such district society may appoint, and be for the use of the fellows of such district soci- 56 ety; but they shall be at the risk of the dis- trict society, which shall be bound to make good any injury, which any such books may suffer while under their charge, and any loss which may occur, in the same manner as an individual is bound in respect to books he may have from the society's library. 5. During the time that any district so- ciety holds books under this law, the fellows of such district society shall not be allowed individually to take any books from the library of this society. ORDERS. 1. On the day of the annual meeting of the fel- lows of the society, a dinner shall be provided, un- der the direction of the counsellors, at the expense of the society, for such fellows as attend the meet- ing. 2. An invitation to this dinner shall be given to such professional strangers, as the president shall think proper to notice in this manner. 3. At the meetings of the fellows and counsellors of the society, the president shall not leave the chair, unless on some urgent occasion, nor speak to any question, without first obtaining permission. 4. When any fellow shall speak in a debate, he shall rise and address himself to the president. 5. If a fellow has spoken once in any debate, he shall not speak to the prevention of another, who has not spoken, and manifests a desire to speak. 6. Every fellow, as soon as he has done speaking, shall sit down. 7. A fellow shall not interrupt another, while speaking, unless to call him to order, or to correct a mistake. 8 58 8. A fellow shall not speak on any subject after the question is put. 9. A motion shall not be considered, unless se- conded. 10. A fellow shall not nominate more than one person for the same committee, provided the first person, nominated by him, be chosen. 11. A vote shall not be reconsidered, at the same meeting, by a smaller number than were present at its passing. 12. Literary gentlemen, interested in medical science, and students in medicine, shall be publickly invited to attend to hear the annual discourse. 13. All printed publications shall be in the form of octavo. 14. The names of all those who have become fel- lows or licentiates, during the preceding year, shall be annually published, by the recording secretary, at the time that notice is given of the annual meeting. 15. The qualifications of candidates for examina- tion and license, shall be made public, at least once in a year, by the recording secretary, in such manner as he shall judge expedient. LIST OF BOOKS. The following list of books is designated by the counsellors of the society, to be read by medi- cal students, as constituting a proper course of medical or surgical education. In accordance with a law of the commonwealth, enacted February 10th, 1789, and in obedience to a by-law of the society, the counsellors of the said society give notice, that candidates for exa- mination before the censors, must hereafter give evidence of having read and studied the books, whose titles are contained in the list which fol- lows, viz. The Edinburgh System of Anatomy. Bell's System of Anatomy, or Wistar's Ana- tomy. Haller's First Lines of Physiology. Richerand's Elements of Physiology. Bichat on Life and Death. Lavoisier's Elements of Chemistry. 60 Bichat's General Anatomy, translated by Hay- ward. Gorham's Chemistry. Murray's Materia Medica. Thacher's Dispensatory. Pharmacopoeia of the United States. Cooper's Surgery. Dorsey's Surgery. Boyer's System of Surgery. BoyCr on the Bones. Hunter's Treatise on the Blood, Inflammation, and Gun-shot wounds. Burns' Anatomy of the Gravid Uterus. Denman's System of Midwifery. Denman's Aphorisms. Cullen's Nosology. Cullen's First Lines of the Practice of Physick. Thomas's Practice of Physick. Sydenham's Works. Rush's Works. Underwood on the Diseases of Children. G. Fordyce's Dissertations on Fever. Heberden's Commentaries on Diseases. Hunter's Treatise on Lues Venerea. Although the books mentioned in the foregoing list, are all that candidates are required to have read, yet the counsellors believe that many more may be carefully read during the period of pupil- age, and they have therefore prepared another 61 list of books, which they recommend for the pe- rusal of students in medicine. Books Recommended. anatomy. Winslow's Anatomy. Soemmerring's do. Cheselden's do. Boyer's do. Albinus' Anatomical Plates. Charles Bell's System of Dissections* London Dissector. Shaw's Manual for the Student of Anatomy. Wilson's Lectures on the Skeleton. Wilson's Lectures on the Vascular System. PHYSIOLOGY. Halleri Elementa Physiologiae. Boerhaave's Institutes. Nouveaux Elemens de la Science de l'Homme, par Barthez. Bichat on the Membranes, translated by Coffin. Blumenbach's Physiology. * The titles of those books, which are considered most im- portant for every medical student to read, are printed in ita- lies; but there are some books of great value, which are not so distinguished, from a consideration oftheirsize,or of the dif- ficulty in procuring them; or because they are principally necessary for persons in particular situations only. 62 Blumenbach's Comparative Anatomy. Cuvier's Comparative Anatomy. Fordyce on Digestion. Hunter on the Animal Economy. Hewson on the Blood and Lymphatics. Sheldon on the Absorbent System. Bostock on Respiration. Ellis on the effects qf Germination, Vegetation, and Respiration on the Air ; in two parts. Parry on the Pulse of the Arteries. Magendie's Physiology, translated by Revere. chemistry. Davy's Elements of Chemical Philosophy. Thompson's System of Chemistry. Black's Chemistry. Murrays System of Chemistry. Ure's Chemical Dictionary. MATERIA MEDICA AND PHARMACY. Murray's Apparatus Medicaminum. Thesaurus Medicaminum. Cullen's Materia Medica. Chapman's Therapeutics and Materia Medica. Lewis's Materia Medica. Pearson's do. Bigelow's Medical Botany. Paris's Pharmacologia. Haden on Colchicum Autumnale. 63 SURGERY. Pearson's Principles of Surgery. Bell's (J.) do. do. Thornson on Inflammation. Pott's Works. Abernethy's Surgical Works. Cooper's Surgical Dictionary, by Dorsey. Hey's Practical Observations on Surgery. Bell's (Ch.) Operative Surgery. Desault's Surgery. Cooper's Lectures on Surgery. Cooper and Travers' Surgical Essays. Richter's Medical Cases in Surgery. Larrey's Military Surgery. Jones on Haemorrhage. Home on the Formation of Pus. Bell (B.) on Ulcers. -------on Lues Venerea. Ware on the Diseases of the Eye. Scarpa on the Eye. Wardrop on the Morbid Anatomy of the Adams on the Eye. Travers on the Eye. Saunders on the Eye. ------on the Ear. Hunter on the Teeth. Fox on the Teeth. Cooper (A.) on Hernia. Lawrence on do. 64 Travers on Wounds of the Intestines. Crowther on White Swellings. Ford on the Hip-joint. Home on the Strictures of the Urethra. Bell (C.) on Diseases of the Urethra. Howship on Diseases of the Urinary Organs. Marcet on Calculous Disorders. Wilson's Lectures on the Urinary and Genital Systems. Wilson's Lectures on Distortions of the Spine. Copeland on Stricture of the Rectum. MIDWIFERY. Smellie's Midwifery. Merriman on Difficult Parturition. Rigby on Uterine Hemorrhage. White on Lying-in Women. Gordon on Puerperal Fever Hey on do. do. Armstrong on do. do. Douglass on the Evolution of the Foetus. Burns' Principles of Midwifery. Ramsbotham's Observations on Midwifery. Conquest's Outlines of Midwifery. Clarke on the Diseases of Females. PATHOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS. Celsi Opera. Van Swieten's Commentaries on Boerhaave. Conspectus Medicinae Theoretical, auctore Ja- cobo Gregory. 65 Burserius's Institutes of Medicine. Nosologia Methodica, auctore F. B. de Sau- vages. Good's Physiological System ofJYosology. Brown's Elements of Medicine. Darwin's Zoonomia. Parry's Elements of Therapeutics, 8fc. Morgagni on the Seats and Causes of Diseases. Baillie's Morbid Anatomy—with the plates. Baron on Tuberculous Diseases. Whytt's Works. Fothergill's Works. Cheyne's Essays on Diseases of Children. Percival's Medical Works. Currie on the Diseases of America. Kirkland's Medical Surgery. Zimmerman on Experience in Physick. Huxham on Fevers and Sore Throat. R. Jackson on Fevers of Jamaica. R. Jackson's Outlines of the History and Cure of Fevers. R. Jackson on Contagious Fever. ----------on Cold Water, Currie on Cold Water. Philips (alias Wilson) on Febrile Diseases. Senac on Intermittent Fever. Alibert on Intermittent Fever. Clark on Fevers and Scarlatina. Chisholm on Pestilential Fevers. Bancroft on Yellow Fever, &c. * 9 66 Fellowes on the Fever of Andalusia, &c. Armstrong's Illustrations of Typhus, 8rc. Beddoes on the Combination of Fever and In- flammation. Strong on Petechial Fever. North on Petechial Fever. Gallup on the Epidemics of Vermont. Clark on Hot Climates. Lind on Hot Climates. Johnson on Diseases of Hot Climates. Chalmers on Diseases of South Carolina. Cleghorn on Diseases of Minorca. Hillary on Diseases of Barbadoes. Hunter on Diseases of the Army in Jamaica. Mosely on Tropical Diseases. Pringle on Diseases of the Army. R. Jackson on the Medical Department of Armies. Lind on Diseases of Seamen. Lind on the Scurvy. Blane on Diseases of Seamen. Trotter's Medicina Nautica. Blackall on Dropsies. Portal sur 1'Apoplexie. Cheyne on Apoplexy, Lethargy, fyc. Arnold on Insanity. Crichton on Mental Derangement. Pinel on Insanity. Haslam on Madness. Cox on Insanity. 67 Rush on Mental Diseases. Laennec on Diseases of the Chest, translated by Forbes. Bree on Disordered Respiration. Corvisart on Diseases of the Heart. Burns on Diseases of the Heart. Parry on Syncope Anginosa. Davis on Carditis. Maclean on Hydrothorax. Young on Consumption. Stark's (Wm.) Works. Hamilton on Digitalis. Withering on Foxglove. Crumpe on Opium. Badham on Bronchitis. Watts on Chincough. Withering on Scarlatina. Armstrong on Scarlet Fever, Measles, and Pul- monary Consumption. Scudamore on Gout, Rheumatism, and Gravel. Ring on Gout. Sutton on Delirium Tremens, Peritonitis, and Gout. Pemberton on Diseases of the Abdominal Vis- cera. Saunders on the Liver. Harty on Dysentery. Hamilton on Purgative Medicines. Hall on Mimoses. 68 Philip on Indigestion. Swan on the Treatment of Nervous Diseases. Brera on Worms; by Coffin. Adams on Morbid Poisons. Bateman on Cutaneous Diseases, with the plates. Willan on Cowpox. Home's Medical Facts. -------Clinical Experiments. Ferriar's Medical Histories and Reflections. Fowler on Rheumatism. -------on Arsenic. -------on Tobacco. Robertson on Cantharides. Bardsley's Medical Reports. Haygarth on Rheumatism. Rollo on Diabetes. Orfila on Poisons. MISCELLANEOUS AND PERIODICAL WORKS. Friend's History of Medicine. Hunter's Introductory Lectures. Cabanis on the Revolutions in Medical Science. Hutchinson's Biographia Medica. Young's Medical Literature. Gregory on the Duties and Qualifications of a Physician. Rush's Introductory Lectures. Percival's Medical Ethics. J. G. Smith's Forensic Medicine. Farr's Medical Jurisprudence. 69 Edinburgh Medical Essays. Medical Observations and Inquiries. Medical Transactions of the College of Physi- cians of London. Transactions of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia. Memoirs of the Medical Society of London. -------of the Massachusetts Medical Society. Duncan's Medical Commentaries. Transactions of a Society for the Improvement of Medical and Chirurgical Knowledge. Medico-Chirurgical Transactions. London Medical and Physical Journal. Edinburgh Medical and Surgical do. New York Medical Repository. New York Medical and Philosophical Journal. New England Journal of Medicine and Surgery. Transactions of the King's and Queen's Col- lege of Physicians of Ireland. Dublin Hospital Reports. Medico-Chirurgical Review. OFFICERS OF THE MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOCIETY. 1822, President. JOSHUA FISHER, M.D. Vice President, THOMAS WELSH, M. D. Corresponding Secretary. JOHN DIXWELL, M. D. Recording Secretary. JAMES P. CHAPLIN, M. D. Treasurer JOHN GORHAM, M. D. Librarian. WALTER CHANNING, M. D. 27 Censors for the Society at large, and for the First Medical District. JAMES JACKSON, M. D. JOHN DIXWELL, M. D. JOHN G. COFFIN, M. D. JAMES P. CHAPLIN, M. D. RUFUS WYMAN, M. D. Censors for the Second Medical District. OLIVER FISKE, AUSTIN FLINT, JOHN GREEN, ABRAHAM HASKELL, Jr. JOHN HOMANS, M. D. Censors for the Third Medical District. ELIHU DWIGHT, WILLIAM HOOKER, JOSEPH H. FLINT, STEPHEN W. WILLIAMS, DAVID HUNT. Censors for the Fourth Medical District. ASA BURBANK, BENJAMIN ROGERS, HENRY H. CHILDS, JOHN DELAMATTRE, CHARLES WORTHINGTON. 73 COUNSELLORS. Suffolk. DAVID TOWNSEND, M. D^ THOMAS WELSH, M. D. AARON DEXTER, M. D. WILLIAM SPOONER, M. D. ASA BULLARD, M. D. JOHN G. COFFIN, M. D. JOHN DIXWELL, M. D. JAMES JACKSON, M. D. JOHN C. WARREN, M. D. JOHN GORHAM, M. D. JOHN RANDALL, M. D. THOMAS I. PARKER, M. D. GEORGE C. SHATTUCK, M. D. HORACE BEAN, A. M. JOHN B. BROWN, M. D. WALTER CHANNING, M. D. Essex. EDWARD A. HOLYOKE, M. D. JOSHUA FISHER, M. D. BENJAMIN L. OLIVER, M. D. JOHN D. TREADWELL, M. D. OLIVER PRESCOTT, M. D. JAMES GARDNER, M. D. RICHARD HAZELTINE, M. D. NATHANIEL BRADSTREET, ft! NEHEMIAH CLEVELAND. Middlesex. ISAAC HURD, AMOS BANCROFT, M. D. CALVIN THOMAS, ABIEL HEY WOOD, RUFUS WYMAN, M. D. JAMES P. CHAPLIN, M. D. THOMAS BUCKLIN, SAMUEL MANNING, M. D. JOHN WALTON, M. D. iO 74 Worcester. ABRAHAM HASKELL, M. D. OLIVER FISKE, AUSTIN FLINT, STEPHEN BATCHELLER, Jr. DANIEL THURBER, JOHN GREEN, JACOB HOLMES. Hampshire. ELIHU DWIGHT, ENOS SMITH, WILLIAM HOOKER, JOSEPH H. FLINT, SETH LATHROP, ALPHEUS F. STONE, STEPHEN W. WILLIAMS. Berkshire. HUGO BURGHARDT, M. D. ASA BURBANK, DANIEL COLLINS, BENJAMIN ROGERS, HENRY H. CHILDS, WILLIAM H. TYLER. Norfolk. AMOS HOLBROOK, M. D. NATHANIEL MILLER, JOHN BARTLETT, ROBERT THAXTER, M. D. SAMUEL BUGBEE. Plymouth. HECTOR ORR, M. D. CUSHING OTIS, M. D. NATHAN HAYWARD. Bristol. BENJAMIN BILLINGS, GEORGE LEONARD, ALEXANDER REED. FELLOWS or THE MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOCIETY. *Samuel Adams, Boston. *Israel Allen, Sterling. •Nathaniel W. Appleton, Boston. Samuel Adams, m. d. Boston. William Aspinwall, Brookline. JMoses Appleton, Waterville. •Nathaniel Ames, Dedham. *Israel Atherton, Lancaster. *Samuel Adams, Bath. ♦Benjamin Adams, Lynnfield. Peter Adams, Stoughton. *William Aspinwall, jun. m. d. Brookline. Luther Allen, Sterling. Silas Allen, Leominster. Ebenezer Alden, m. d. Randolph. Ebenezer Ames, East Sudbury. JSamuel Ayer, m. d. Portland. jMoses Ayer, Norway. Willard Arms, Northfield. Note. The names of the counsellors are designated by small capitals. An * is prefixed to the names of those who are deceas- ed; a t to those of fellows who have retired from-the society ; a \ to the names of those who have removed from the state. 76 Benjamin Austin, m. d. Boston. Jason Ayres, Truro. John Bartlett, Roxbury. Hugo Burghardt, m. d. Richmond. Stephen Batcheller, jun. Royalston. Asa Bullard, m. d. Boston. Amos Bancroft, m. d. Groton. Benjamin Billings, Mansfield. Asa Burbank, Lanesborough. Nathaniel Bradstrelt, m.d. JVewburyport. Thomas Bucklin, Hopkinton. Horace Bean, Boston. John B. Brown, m. d. Boston. •Josiah Bartlett, m. d. Charlestown. William Baylies, m. d. Dighton. •Thomas Babbit, Brookfield. tBenjamin Brown, Waldoboro'. JAlvan Bacon, Scarborough. John Brooks, m. d. Medford. •Joshua Barker, Hingham. •Oliver Brewster, Becket. •Peter Bryant, Cummington. J Jeremiah Barker, Gorham. JJosiah W. Brewster, Blanford. William Buel, Sheffield. •Samuel Brown, m. d. Boston. Jesse Bigelovv, Granville. Edmund Buxton, Warren. George Bates, m. d. Charlestown. Josiah Batchelder, m. d. Provincetown. Gideon Barstovv, Salem. Calvin Briggs, m. d. Marblchead. *Philip Bryant, Bridgewaler. {Moses Baker, Nobleborough. *Elliot Beckwith, Hardwick. Anson Bates, Barre. Nathaniel Bemis, m. d. JVatertown. Henry Bagg, Princeton. 77 Stephen Ball, Northborough. *Samuel Barstow, Great Barrington. Parley Barton, Orange. Erastus Beach, Sandisfleld. Jacob Bigelow, m. d. Boston. Royal Brewster, Buckston. Asa Bucknam, Boston. Artemas Bullard, Sutton. Ephraim Buck, Maiden. fStephen Bates, Charlemont. {David Bacon, Buxton. fJoseph Bossuet, Boston. Hubbard Bartlett, Lee. {Benjamin D. Bartlett, Bath. {Benjamin Bradford, Livermore. •Caleb Boutelle, Plymouth. Ira Bryant, Cummington. Williams Bradford, m. d. Boston. {Silas Blake, Otisfield. {James Bowen, Bloomfield. Samuel Bugbee, Wrentham. Daniel Brigham, Berlin. Reuben Bell, Hadley. Artemas Brown, m. d. Medway. Joseph Bullard, Southborough, John S. Bartlett, m. d. Boston. Silas Brown, Wilmington. Asaph By am, Westford. Nehemiah Cleaveland, Topsfleld. John G. Coffin, m. d. Boston. Daniel Collins, Lenox. Henry H. Childs, Pittsfield. James P. Chaplin, m. d. Cambridgeport. Walter Channing, m. d. Boston. *Benjamin Curtis, Boston. •Timothy Childs, m. d. Pittsfield. •John Cummings, Concord. {Daniel Coney, Augusta. 78 {David Cobb, Abijah Cheever, iHezekiah Clark, {Parker Cleaveland, tNathaniel Coffin, William Coffin, fCharles Coffin, tRobert Cutler, tWilliam Cutler, {Daniel Clark, ♦Jonathan Crane, Daniel Collins, Reuben Champion, Samuel Clark, m. b. *Eleazar Clap, m. d. tChester Cowles, Rufus Cowles, Isaac G. Cutler, Samuel Church, Samuel Clesson, Caleb Chapin, Atherton Clark, {Benjamin Chandler, {Robert Carr, {Seth Chandler, Anthony Collamore, Ezekiel D. Cushing, m. b. Saugus. Newbury. Portland. Gloucester. Newbury. Amherst. Hardwick. North Yarmouth. Williamsburgh. West Springfield. Boston. Boston. Granby. Amherst. Amherst. Sunderland. New Salem. Bernardston. Ashfield. Paris. Hebron, Minot. Pembroke. Boston. ISAM. DANFORTH, M. D. Aaron Dexter, m. d. John Dixwell, m. d. Elihu Dwight, John Drury, *Simeon Dunbar, Oliver Dean, Luke Dewey, Benjamin Drury, Theodore Dexter, John Delamattre, Boston. Pres. 1795- Boston. Boston. South Hadley. Marblehead. Bridgewater. Medway. Richmond. Spencer. Boston. Sheffield. 79 Abijah Draper, {James F. Dana, M. d. tWilliam Eustis, •Shirley Erving, {Samuel Emerson, {Moses H. Elliot, {Joel R. Ellis, {Caleb Emery, Micah Eldridge, George Estabrook, JOSHUA FISHER, m. d. Oliver Fiske, Joseph Fiske, Austin Flint, Joseph H. Flint, {Dudley Fulsome, Enoch Faulkner, {Samuel Farnsworth, Noah Fearing, •John Field, •John Fleet, m. d. fDaniel Fogg, *Francis Foxcraft, tNathaniel Freeman, •John Frink, John Frink, •John Flagg, Noah Fyefield, James Foster, {Abel Fox, m. n. •Josiah D. Foster, Chandler Flagg, Thomas Foster, m. d. Andrew Foster, m. d. Joshua Frost, *Seth Fobes, Roxbury. Hanover, N. H. Boston. Boston. Wells. U. S. Army. Augusta. Elliot. Dunstable. Holden. Beverly. Pres. 1815. Worcester. Lexington. Leicester. Northampton. Gorham. Hamilton. Bridgetown. Bridgewater. Rutland. Boston. Braintree. Brookfield. Sandwich. Rutland. Rutland. Lynn. Weymouth. Rochester. Savannah. Boston. Marblehead. Cambridge. Roxbury. Springfield. Oakham. 80 Amos Farnsworth, m. d. Royal Fowler, {Elijah J. Ford, Edward Flint, Timothy Fisher, Josiah F. Flagg, m. d. James Gardner, m. d. John Gorham, m. d. John Green, •William Gamage, •Joseph Gardner, {Joseph Gilman, Jacob Gates, Henry Gardner, m. d. Roland Gelston, •Joseph Gardner, •William Gamage,jun. m.d. •John Green, •Jones Godfrey, {Oliver Griswold, David A. Grosvenor, Daniel Green, {Moses Gage, Otis Goodman, ED. A. HOLYOKE, M. D. Nathan Hayward, Abiel Heywood, Richard Hazeltine, m. d. Amos Holbrook, m. d. Abraham Haskell, m. d. Isaac Hurd, William Hooker, Jacob Holmes, •Lemuel Hayward, m. d. William Holland, *John C Howard, Boston. Stockbridge. Alna. Leicester. Holliston. Boston. Lynn. Boston. Worcester. Cambridge. Boston. Wells. Boston. Maiden. Nantucket. Dorchester. Boston. Worcester. Taunton. Fryeburgh. Manchester. Ward. Havana. South Hadley. Salem. Pres. 1782, 84, 86. Plymouth. Concord. Lynn. Milton. Leominster. Concord. West Hampton. Athol. Boston. Belchertown. Boston. 81 Gad Hitchcock, Pembroke. {Gad Hitchcock, jr. North Yarmouth. tJoseph Hunt, Concord. •John Hay, Reading. *Abner Hearsy, Barnstable. •John Homans, Boston. fEstes Howe, Belchertown. •Samuel Holten, Danvers. Josiah Howe, Templeton. tMarius Howe, Bristol. •Ebenezer Hunt, Northhampton. fJohn Hubbard, Readfield. Samuel Hemenway, Boston. {John A. Hyde, Freeport. Walter Hunnewell, Watertown. Abraham Haskell, jr. Lunenburgh. {Abiel Hall, Alfred. {Joseph Huse, Camden. John Hart, South Reading. Abner Howe, Beverly. Zadock Howe, Franklin. Oliver Hubbard, Salem. David Hunt, Northampton. George Hayward, m. d. Boston. {Abiel Hall, jr. Alfred. Uriah Hagar, Waltham. Enoch Hale, jr. m. d. Boston. John Hastings, Hatfield. Cornelius Holland, Jay-point. John Homans, m. d. Brookfield. Eli Hall, Blanford. James Hewins, Medfield. Israel Hildreth, jr. Dracut. Benjamin F. Heywood, m. d. Worcester. Amory Hunting, Franklin. Loammi Harrington, Paxton. George Hooker, Springfield, 11 82 William lngalls, m. d. Boston. James Jackson, m. d. Boston. •Charles Jarvis, Boston. •John Jeffries, m. d. Boston. Timothy L. Jennison, Cambridge. David Jones, North Yarmouth. •Horatio Jones, Stockbridge. Benjamin James. Weston. John James, Pittsfield. {Daniel James, Albany, N. Y. Jonathan G. Johnson, m. d. Newburyport. Samuel Johnson, m. d. Salem. Asa Jones, Spencer. Elisha James, jun. Scituate. •WM. KNEELAND, Cambridge. Pres. 1784—86 ♦Thomas Kittredge, m. d. Andover. •Giles C. Kellogg, Hadley. •Thomas Kast, Boston. •Aaron Kinsman, Portland. •Charles Kittredge, Portland. John B. Kittredge, Framingham. {Jacob Kittredge, Pearson Kendall, Sterling. Samuel Kinsbury, Springfield. Joseph Kittredge, Andover. Ashbel Kidder, Sudbury. Seth Knowlton, Shrewsbury. Francis Kittredge. Woburn. Aaron King, Palmer. Seth Lathrop, West Springfield. George Leonard, Taunton. {Isaac Lincoln, Topsham. •John Linn, Boston. •Lewis Le Prelate, Roxbury, *James Lloyd, m. d Boston. 83 William Lamb, Grafton. Jonathan Leonard, Sandwich. Eldad Lewis, Lenox. *Moses Little, Salem. Abraham Lowe, Ashbumham. •John Long, Shelburne. Levi Lincoln, Hingham. Lemuel Lebarron, Roxbury. Dan Lamb, Charlton. {Timothy Little, New Gloucester. Joel Lyons, Gill. {William Lyman, York. Nathaniel Miller, Franklin. Samuel Manning, m. d. Cambridge. •Samuel Mather, Westfield. James Mann, Boston. {Ammi R. Mitchell, North Yarmouth. *Matthew Mayhew, Edgar ton. {Ariel Mann, Hallowell. {John Merrill, m. d. Portland. {Joseph Manning, m. d. Thomas Manning, Ipswich. *Asa Miles, Westminster. Stephen Munroe, Sutton. •Thaddeus M'Carty, Worcester. *Warham Mather, Northampton. Charles Macomber, Marshfield. {Reuben D. Mussey, m. d. Hanover, N. H. tlsaac Mulliken, Townsend. {Jotham Moulton, Buxport. Caleb Miller, Rehoboth. Paul R. Metcalf, Wrentham. Francis More, m. d. Brighton. {Moses Mason, jun. Bethel. James McFarland, Rutland. 84 f Samuel Nye, Salisbury. Andrew Nicholls, Danvers. Jonathan Newell, Stow. Nathan Noyes, Newburyport. Nathaniel Niles, m. d. Boston. Paul L. Nichols. Kingston. Benj. L. Oliver, m. d. Salem. Hector Orr, m. d. Bridgewater. Cushino Otis, m. d. Scituate. *Joseph Osgood, Andover. •Joseph Orne, Salem. •Joseph Osgood, Salem. •Jonathan Osgood, Gardner. fGeorge Osgood, Andover. George Osgood, jun. Danvers. Joseph 0. Osgood, Amesbury. Daniel Oliver, m. d. Salem. David Osgood, m. d. Boston. Benjamin Osgood, Westford. Oliver Prescott, m. d. Newburyport. Thomas I. Parker, m. d. Boston. •Thomas Pickman, Salem. fWillian^ Paine, a. m. Worcester. •James Pecker, Boston, ♦Oliver Prescott, m. d. Groton. •Oliver Partridge, Stockbridge. •Daniel Pierce, Kittery. •Charles Pyncheon, Springfield. tWilliam Porter, Hadley. Samuel Perry, New Bedford, Abiel Pearson, Andover. fMartin Phelps, Chester. {Cyrus Perkins, m. d. Hanover, N. 11. {Benj. Page, jun. Hallowell. {James Parker, Gardiner. Amariah PrestOR, Bedford. 85 Samuel Prentis, Benjamin Parker, m. d. Nathaniel Peabody, Ebenezer Poor, {Jonathan Page, Charles Proctor, William Payson, Amos Parker, Edmund C. Peet, {Freeman Perry, Nathaniel S. Prentiss, Nathaniel Preston, •Alfred Perry, Daniel Porter, Abner Phelps, m. d. William Parkhurst, Benjamin Pond, jun. m. d. George Parkman, m. d. Josiah Prescott, Gustavus D. Peck, Frederick A. Parker, m. d. John Pond, Abel L. Peirson, m. d. Sylvanus Plympton, Silas Pearson, m. d. Nathaniel Pierce, tISAAC RAND, M. D. John Randall, m. d. Benjamin Rogers, *Isaac Rand, •Abijah Richardson, •Thomas Rice, •Isaae Rand,jun. tTilley Rice, {Daniel Rose, Peter G. Robbins, Alexander Reed', Bernardstown. Bradford. Salem. East Andover. Brunswick. Westford. Foxborough. Bolton. New Marlborough. Fairhaven, Indiana Ter. Roxbury. Sheffield. Stockbridge. Wendell. Boston. Petersham. Westborough. Boston. Farmington. Milford. Salem. Mendon. Salem. Woburn. Westminster. Lunenburgh. Boston, Pres. 1798—1804. Boston. Great Barrington. Cambridge. Medway. Wiscasset. Boston. Brookfield. Boothbay. Roxbury. New Bedford. 86 {John Revere, m. d. Baltimore. Dean Robinson, Newbury. William Spooner, m. d. Boston. Enos Smith, Ashfeld. Peter Snow, Fitchburgh. George C. Shattuck, m. d. Boston. Alpheus F. Stone, Greenfield. John Stone, Springfield. Benjamin Shurtleflf, m. d. Boston. William Stone, Greenwich. •William Sheldon, Springfield. {John Stockbridge, Bath. Daniel Shute, Hingham. •Micajah Sawyer, m. d. Newburyport. Jonathan Sibley, Union. •Nathaniel Saltonstall, Haverhill. Samuel Savage, m. d. Barnstable. Remembrance Sheldon, Williamstown. •Amos Spofford, Rowley. tEzra Starkweather, Worthington. {Foster Swift, U. S. Army. •John B. Swett, Newburyport. •John Sprague, m». d. Dedham. •Charles Stockbridge, m. d. Scituate. ♦John Swett, York. •Elisha Story, Marblehead. fErastus Sargeant, m. d. Stockbridge. •Marshall Spring, m. d. Watertown. Moses D. Spofford, Rowley. Ebenezer Starr, Newton. fJobn Scammel, Bellingham. {Issachar Snell, Winthrop. Jonathan Shearer, Palmer. {Lawrence Sprague, Hallowell. jJeremy Stimpson, Hopkinton. {Thomas Sewall, m. d. Washington. Daniel Swan, Brighton. 87 Ephraim Stone, Daniel Stone, Nathaniel Swift, {Richard C. Shannon, •Luther Stearns, m. d. Nathaniel Smith, jr. Joseph Sampson, Jeremiah Spoflford, {Moses Sweet, Jeremy Stimpson, {James H. Sargent, John Starkweather, {Joseph L. Stevens, m d. Richard S. Spoflford, m. d. Caleb H. Stickney, Thomas Sears, Stillman Spaulding, Thaddeus Spaulding, Thomas Sturtevant,, Paul Spooner, Woodbridge Strong, m. d. Samuel A. Shurt'.eff, William Sweets er, m. d. John M. Smitlj, *COTTON TUFTS, M. D. David Tow nsend, m. d. John D. 'V readwell, m. d. Calvin T.'homas, Robert Thaxter, m. d. Daniel Thukber, Willi am H. Tyler, *Tho> jias Thaxler, "Phi'iip Theobold, Jan jes Thacher, m. d. At /raham R. Thompson, J' jseph Torrey, * William Towner, Harvard. Sharon. Andover. Saco. Medford. Boston. Brewster. Bradford. Parsonsfield. Dedham. U. S. Army. Upton. Castine. Newburyport. Norwich. Peru. Lexington. South Reading, Middleborough. New Bedford. Boston. Boston. Sherburne. West Boylston. Weymouth. Pres. 1787—1795 Boston. Salem. Tyngsborough. Dorchester. Mendon. Lanesborough. Hingham. Dresden. Plymouth. Charlestown. Salem. Williamstown. 88 D. •Simon Tufts, Gridley Thaxter, •Joshua Thomas, m. d. Grosvenor Tarbell, {Philip E. Theobold, Calvin Tilden, {Enoch S. Tappan, m. {Charles Trafton, Piatt B. Tyler, {Jacob Tewksbury, Ezekiel Thaxter, m. d. Stephen Thayer, Solomon D. Towusend, m. d. Samuel Titus, Alexander Thayer. •John Vanhorn, Francis Vergnies. ♦JOHN WARREN, M. D. John C. Warren, m. d. Thomas Welsh, m. d. Rufus Wyman, M- d. Stephen W. Williams, John Walton, m. d. Israel Whiton, •George Ware, {Richard Wells. •Henry Wells, *EIisha Whitney, fWilliam S. Williams, •Thomas Williams, •Tapley Wyeth, *Joseph Whipple, •William Whiting, tBenjamin Waterhouse, m. t>. Charles W. Winship, m. d. {Sylvester Woodbridge, Medford. Abington. Boston, Lincoln. Wiscasset. Hanson. Augusta. South Berwick. West Stockbridge. Hebron. Abingtoit, Fairfield. Boston. Princeton. Mendon. West Springfield. Newburyport. Boston. Pres. 1804—1815. Boston. Boston. Charlestown. Deerfield. Peppered. Winchendon. Dighton. Conway. Montague. Beverly. Deerfield. Roxbury. Sherburne. Boston. Great Barrington. Cambridge. Roxbury, Southampton. 89 Elias Weld, Haverhill. Timothy Wellington, m. d. West Cambridge. •Silas Wheelock, Shrewsbury. •Isaac Warren, Charlestown. Charles Worthington, Lenox. John Williams, Cambridgeport. {Samuel Weed, Portland. Noah Whitman, jun. Bridgewater. Jonathan Wild, jun. Braintree. {Daniel Wardwell, •Eli Wing, Leyden. William J. Walker, m. d. Charlestown. Peter Whitney, Gray. John Ware, m. d. Boston. Joseph Warren, Middlefield. Robert Worthington, Lenox. George Willard, Uxbridge. John W. Webster, m. d. Boston. Charles W. Wilder, Templeton. Lucius Wright, Pittsfield. Samuel Young, Harvard. 12 HONORARY MEMBERS. Pardon Bowen, m. d. Mason F. Cogswell, m. d. Astley Cooper, Esq. f. r. s. Ammi R. Cutter, m. d. Manassah Cutler, a. m. Andrew Duncan, m. d. John R. Fane, m. d. JohnFeron, m.d. Peter Green, m. d. •Lemuel Hopkins, a.m. David Hosack, m. d. f. n. s. George Jones, m. n. •John Jones, m.d. •Adam Kuhn, m. d. Lemuel Kollock, m. d. •John C. Lettsom, m. d. ♦Charles McKnigbt, m. d. •Edward Miller, m. d. •John Morgan, m. d. John Osborne, m. d. •Benjamin Rush, m. v. •William Shippen, m. d. •Isaac Senter, m. d. Nathan Smith, m. d. •Samuel Tenney, m. d. Benjamin Vaughan, l. l. d. Elias Willard, a. m. •Caspar Wistar, m. d. •Edward Wyer, a. m. Sir James Wylie, Providence, R. I ■ Hartford, Conn. London, G. B. Portsmouth, N. H. Hamilton, Ms. Edinburgh,. Scotland. London, G. B. Lisle, France. Concord, N. H. Hartford, Conn. New York,N. Y. Savannah, Geo. New York, N. Y, Philadelphia, Penn. Savannah, Geo. London, G. B. New York, N. Y. New York, N. Y. Philadelphia, Penn. Middleton, Conn, Philadelphia, Penn. Philadelphia, Penn. Newport, R. I. Hanover, N. H. Exeter, N. H. Hallowell, Me. Albany, N. Y. Philadelphia, Penn. Cambridge, Mass. St. Petersburgh, Russia, LICENTIATES, WHO HAVE NOT BECOME FELLOWS. Daniel Berry, Daniel Cook, Benjamin Skelton, Ebenezer Dale, Benjamin Clapp, John M. Brewster, Roswell P. Hayes, William Ballard, jun. Ebenezer Dawes, Joseph Stone, Thomas Stearns, m. d. William Swift, m. d. Silas West, Benjamin Reed, William Stone, James Stone, Samuel Simonds, Ezekiel Fowler, jun. Thomas Mower, David Goodrich, Emery Willard, Daniel Bigelow, Calvin Carter, Ephraim Houghton, m. d. William Benedict, a . m. Daniel Kellogg, jun. John Proctor, Charles Chase, Ebenezer Knight, Ebenezer Dearborn, John Andrews, 2d. Cleveland Buck, Erastus Hawkes, John Osgood, Ebenezer S. Phelps, Daniel Shute, jun. Ezekiel H. Fletcher, Oliver Scripture, Joseph Giddins, Peter S. Snow, Joseph G. Hall, Abraham T. Lowe, William H. Cutler, Right Cummings, Simon Jacobs, David March, m. d. Micajah C. Hawkes, m. e Stephen H. Spaulding. John Baxter, m. d. John McGory, m. d. Josiah Lamson, Oliver Le Chevalier, Asa Story, Daniel Gould, jr. 92 William Birchmore, m. d. Edward Reynolds, a. m. Jairus Cane, Charles T. Hildreth, Andrew Mackie, m. d. Reuben Buck, Shelometh Whipple, m. d.. Luther M. Harris, John Locke, m. d. Jerome V. C. Smith, m. d. Asa Danforth,/ Caleb H. Snow, Porter Davis, Lawson Mirick, Otis Fuller, Stephen H. Fuller, Elisha Mather, 2d. Stephen W. Whitman, Samuel Shaw, Matthias Spalding, 2d.