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Critical access hospitals: views on how Medicare payment and other factors affect behavioral health services : report to congressional committees
Critical access hospitals: views on how Medicare payment and other factors affect behavioral health services : report to congressional committees
Why GAO did this study. As of March 2023, there were 1,365 CAHs nationwide, according to officials from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. Medicare FFS pays CAHs based on their costs for most services, which may be greater than predetermined fixed amounts that other hospitals are paid. However, services provided in psychiatric units are not paid based on costs and are instead paid through Medicare’s prospective payment system. This has led to questions about whether Medicare payment policies make it difficult for CAHs to meet Medicare beneficiaries’ behavioral health needs. House Report 116-450 includes a provision for GAO to review the behavioral health services provided by CAHs. This report describes (1) how selected CAHs provide behavioral health services and (2) selected CAHs’ and stakeholders’ views on how Medicare FFS payment policies and other factors affect CAHs’ ability to provide these services. GAO interviewed officials from 10 CAHs selected to reflect variation in geography and the settings in which they offer behavioral health services. GAO also interviewed stakeholders from six organizations that advocate for, or conduct research on, CAHs or rural hospitals, as well as officials from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. In addition, GAO reviewed federal laws, regulations, and agency policy documents.
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