MINNEQUA  SPRING,
      BRADFORD COUNTY. PA.
 ANALYSIS OF THE WATER,

               BY

      CHARLES M. CRESSON, M. D.,

            PHILADELPHIA.


THERAPEUTICAL EFFECTS,
               BY

         F.  HINKLE, M. D

            COLT Mm A, PA
        PRICES OF MINNEQUA WATER.
 3 gallon demijohn, boxed........S2 50 Returned......$ 75
 5  "    "   "  ......... 3 75   "  ...... 1 00
| 10  "  carboys..................... 6 00   "  ...... 1 50
 Barrel.............................,.................................. 8 00
| 4 dozen pints, boxed................ 6 75 50c. per doz ret.
 2  "  quarts "  ............... 4 75 75c. " "  "
      Reduced Prices for 1877.
«
 
 
MINNEQUA   SPRING,
      BRADFORD COUNTY, PA.
 ANALYSIS OF THE WATER,

            BY   '
    CHARLES M. CRESSON, M. D.,
         PHILADELPHIA.

THERAPEUTICAL  EFFECTS,


       F. HIXKLE< M. D.,
         COLUMBIA, PA.
     WILLIA^.ISPOKT, PA.:
GAZETTE AND BULLETIN PRINTING HOUSE. 
 
MIXXEQUA    SPRING.
     ANALYSIS OF THE WATEE.

                      417  Walnut Street,    ~)

                    Philadelphia,  May 7, 1S75.J
F. Hinkle, M.D.,
        Columbia, Pa.:
  Dear Sir :—Tlie analysis of water from Minnequa Spring,
Bradford county, Pa., has resulted as follows:
     Analysis of Water from Minnequa Spring.
                                      Grains in one
                                       U. S. Gallon.
Total Solid Contents in one U. S. Gallon...................  7.652
Calcium..............................................................  0.994
Magnesium.........................................................  0.207
Sodium...............................................................  0.722
Lithium.............................................................Trace
Aluminium.........................................................  0.127
Iron.................................................................. Trace
Manganese..........................................................  0.226
Chlorine.............................................................  0.140
Silica.................................................................  0.700
Zinc...................................................................  0.028
Ca rbon ic Acid .....................................................  2.053
BoracicAeid........................................................  2.132
Oxygen (with Silicates)..........................................  0,138
Loss...................................................................  0.145
          Temperature of Spring, 47° Fahr.
Amount of Sample........................................ 25 U. S. G 
4
  The active ingredients are the Boracic acid and the salts of
Manganese and  Zinc.  These metals are of unusual occur-
rence.  One of them, Manganese,  is  found  in the following
celebrated springs :
  Ems, Nassau ;
           Spa, Belgium ;
                   Carlsbad, Bohemia;
                          Pyrmont, Waldeck;
                                Wiesbaden, Nassau;
                                     Garonne, Toulouse.
  Boracic acid is  also found in  the water  at  the Spa, Bel-
gium.
  I append a table of the  analysis of these waters, for the
purpose of comparison with that from Minnequa.
  It is a well-known fact that many remedial agents  act most
favorably when  largely diluted.  The springs at Vichy, for
instance, contain one grain of Arsenic in seventeen gallons of
the water, and are wonderfully efficient in cases requiring the
use of that metal.
  Nature sometimes  unites  the  inorganic  constituents of
spring waters in a peculiar manner, so that artificial mineral
waters containing the same elements fail  to  produce  the par-
ticular results derived from the water from springs. Fried-
richshall is a well-known example of such a water with  a
peculiar constitution.
  In  addition to  the benefits derived from drinking medi-
cated waters, the effects  of  change of air,  diet,  habits,  etc.,
consequent upon a visit to the springs, aid  materially in the
cure, especially of chronic disease.
   Minnequa is situated in one of the great  mountain ranges,
at a considerable elevation above tide water, and  is free from
the local detractions of our great  watering places.
   The rolling country is conducive to healthy exercise, and
 the surroundings are pleasant to the eye, and the invalid can
 enjoy the benefits of light and air in the groves without much
 expenditure of muscular  energy. 
5
  The "ailments" for which this water is best adapted are
such as require tonics, anti-spasmodics and alteratives.  Scrof-
ula,  Epilepsy, Chorea, Chlorosis,  Neuralgia  and Rheumatic
Affections will chiefly be benefited.
  For anaemic patients, with whom the preparations of Iron
have failed or act but feebly, the use of Minnequa Water is
peculiarly suited, at first  in  conjunction with the Carbonate
or Iodide of Iron, and finally alone.
  This treatment will usually improve the appetite, increase
the pulse force, aud induce healthy secretions.
  As active secretion, especially of the  liver, is produced by
the  salts of Manganese, it will be prudent to use this water
under restrictions, and as soon as its  constitutional effects
appear, to gradually diminish the amount taken, ceasing its
use when healthy secretion is established.
  In many cases it will be prudent to  warm the water, as is
usually done with Friedrichshall, before permitting patients
to drink  any large volume of it.
  To the medical profession the presence of Borate of Soda
will suggest the necessity for precaution in the use of this
water with certain classes of patients, on account of its action
as an emmenagogue,  and also of its suitability for use in ner-
vous, gastric or kidney troubles, or whenever the alkalies are
indicated.
  Minnequa possesses an advantage over all of the foreign
waters enumerated, inasmuch as  it admits of the use of the
curative  agents without the  necessity of taking into the sys-
tem large  amounts of the useless, if not  hurtful, salts found
in each of  them.
                   Respectfully yours,
                            Charles  M. Cresson, M. D. 
T-AibuljIe  op  sipze^ihsto-  waters.
                 Grains in one U. S.  Gallon.
LOCALITY.	fl o o 2 © .	a fl o o	a s '£. a	a fl fl o (-1 73	a £ w <v a to O	a g o	a s 03 en o	a fl 3	a a <	a o S-. 1—t	a> as fl rt bo a eS	2 < o O ■O it o	o 02	fl O fl	fl O 3	55 fl a o M	2 o <j o o oj !h o «	2 o < o o 53	a
		Ca	Ba	Sr.	Mg	Na	K	Li	Al	Fe	Mn	COS	SC)4	Fl	Cl	Br	BC-3	S102	Zn
Ems, Nassau........ Spa, Belgium........ Carlsbad, Bohemia.. Pyrmont, Waldeck.. Weisoaden, Nassau, Garonne, Toulouse.. Minnequa*...	162.14 32.82 318.06 156.53 4S1.6T 7.96 T.65	3.46 2.99 T.28 34.29 21.17 1.50 0.99	0.01	0.03 0.29 0.06	1.70 2.43 2.93 6.94 3.20 0 Oo	65.46 3.84 104.53 5.27 156.67 0.33	2.02 0.26 0.11 4.62 0.19 none	0.11	trace 0.06 trace trace trace	0.09 1.35 0.99 1.76 0.15 0.18	0.01 0.1S 0.23 0.16 0.17 017	55.50 15.45 59.96 31.17 15.24 2.61	2.25 0.52 101.97 66.35 3.71 0.45	0.01 0.87 ....	2S "9 2.06 36.74 6.31 273.27 0.11 0.14	0.17 none	3.52 2.13	3.14 4.38 3.81 3.52 2.33 0,70	0.02
			none	none															
					0.20	0.72		trace	0.12	trace	0.20	2.05	none						
•Analysis by C. M. CKESSON, M.D., 417 Walnut Street, Pliiladelpliia. (Minnequa Springs, in Bradford County, Pa.) 
7
      THERAPEUTICAL  EFFECTS.

  From an examination of the above analysis, and the result
of my observations  of the effects  of the use of Minnequa
Water upon many patients under my care, I have no hesita-
tion in recommending the use of the water to those suffering
with Chorea,  Epilepsy, Rheumatism, Neuralgia, Dyspepsia,
Irritation of the Kidneys and Bladder, Anaemia, and particu-
larly  that consequent upon Scrofula, Phthisis, Cancer  and
Syphilitic Cachexy.
  For the purpose of enabling persons, not under the care of
any regular practitioner of medicine, to judge of the cause of
ill health, and of the proper course to be pursued to  recover
health, I will describe the symptoms of several of the diseases
enumerated to which the use of Minnequa Water is particu-
larly adapted.

                     EPILEPSY.

  Commonly known as  Falling Sickness.  A convulsive dis-
ease, paroxysmal, usually preceded by  gloomy feelings, mo-
roseness and  irritability;  failure  of memory, confusion of
thought, headache and vertigo are common accompaniments ;
also dimness of sight, noises in the ears, nausea and vomiting.
The patient usually  falls as if stricken down, frequently utter-
ing a startling cry.  The  fall is frequently preceded by cer-
tain  strange  sensations, such as the pouring of a stream of
cold water or a feeling  of heat; pain upon the body or ex-
tremities, which sensation travels  toward the brain.   When
the sensation reaches the brain consciousness ceases, the pulse
becomes feeble and irregular, and frothing at the mouth takes
place. The duration of the paroxysm varies from a few mo-
ments to many hours.
  During the paroxysm the only measures to be taken are, to
loosen the clothing from around the neck and chest, place a
piece of soft wood or other smooth object between the teeth to 
8
prevent mutilation of the tongue, and  lay the patient  in  an
easy position so as to insure free breathing.
  When tlie disease is not by inheritance or the result of
mechanical  injury, great relief and many cures are effected
by the use of tonics and anti-spasmodics.
  The most common cause of Epilepsy is Anaemia, and it is
of primary importance that this be corrected.  The prepara-
tions of Zinc have been used with noted success.
  The water of Minnequa Spring contains a sufficient amount
of Zinc, and if, in addition to the use of  the water, Valerian
and Dulcamara be exhibited, cures may be expected in  many
cases;  when the predisposing cause is induration or enlarge-
ment of any organ, causing pressure upon  an important nerve,
Manganese, also found in the water, will be properly indicated.

                      ANEMIA.

  By Anaemia is  understood a morbid deficiency or poverty
of the blood.  There are two forms of this  disease, one appear-
ing suddenly and  the other gradually.  The former may  be
called acute,  the latter chronic Anaemia.
  Acute Anaemia  consists in a  sudden  diminution of the
mass of blood, produced by  copious  bleeding or  profuse
hemorrhage.  The  whole volume  of the blood  is  less-
ened,  while  its ingredients bear to each other  the normal
proportion.
  Chronic Anaemia is a not unfrequent  attendant upon  other
recognized diseases, which have the effect of impairing the
processes of digestion, and sanguification,  or draining the sys-
tem of its blood ;  but it  also appears to have occasionally an
independent existence.  One of its  most ordinary  forms  is
that  usually  designated  by  the name of  chlorosis or green
xickness.
  Some authors consider this is a distinct affection from true
Anaemia ; but even these  place its  characteristic feature  in
poverty of the blood.
  The  fact that it generally occurs in girls  or young unmar-
ried women, would only prove that there are  circumstances 
9
in their situation peculiarly operative in the production of
the disease, and not that there is  anything peculiar in the
disease itself.   Nor is Chlorosis confined to girls, or even the
female sex; it is sometimes met with in married women and
in males of delicate constitution, especially about the age of
puberty.
   There is  commonly universal  paleness  of  the  skin; the
lips, tongue and mucous surfaces in  general are also strikingly
pale;  there is  extreme whiteness of the conjunctiva, and the
whole surface of the body appears bloodless.  Sometimes the
face is yellowish or sallow, and has  a waxen  aspect.   With
this change of color there is often a puffiness of the  face, espe-
cially of the eyelids; the skin seems translucent; the  patient
is feeble and cannot bear much exertion,  to which  also he is
usually indisposed;  the circulation is irregular, but almost
always weak; it is almost always greatly quickened by bodily
exercise or mental emotion.   Palpitation of the heart is a
very  common symptom.  It is sometimes continuous, some-
times  irregularly intermittent, and may  be induced  by the
slightest causes, mental or physical.  Violent  exertion often
throws the heart into the most tumultuous  action.  Vertigo,
dizziness and  a feeling of faintness  are  very common, and
spasmodic  movements of the muscles, sometimes amounting
to convulsions,  are not  unfrequent, especially in females.
Violent  and obstinate neuralgic  pains  in  the head,  side,
breast or other  parts of the body, are also  frequent attendants
upon the disease.
   The bile  is  frequently scanty, and costiveness,  with un-
healthy alvine evacuations and a dyspeptic  state of stomach,
are extremely common symptoms.
   In  that form of  Anaemia commonly called Chlorosis, the
subjects are usually girls between the periods of puperty and
maturity.  The complaint is in most cases very gradual in
its advance, and is  often  from the beginning attended  with
deranged digestion and costiveness.  The appetite is irregular,
sometimes  defective, sometimes excessive, and  occasionally
morbid in  its  preferences  for  particular substances.  The
breath is often offensive.   Listlessness, indisposition to exer- 
10
tion and an expression of sadness or dejection are not unfre-
quent features of the  disease in its earlier stage.  The com-
plexion gradually fades, until at length it becomes of a pale,
sickly  hue, with  a yellowish or  greenish tinge, which  has
given rise to the name of the complaint.
  The nervous symptoms are peculiarly prominent, and the
patient is not unfrequently afflicted with all  the harassing
train of hysterical disorders.
  Moderate exercise in the open air, and especially on horse-
back, should  be encouraged ; the patient should sleep in well-
ventilated apartments, and  the ill  effects of irregularities of
temperature should be prevented by wearing flannel next tlie
skin,  and the use of a nutritious and digestible diet, such as
that recommended in cases of dyspepsia.
  The medicines best adapted to the  disease are tonics, and
especially the chalybeates, which, besides an invigorating in-
fluence over  the process of digestion  and the vital processes
generally, have  a peculiar  power of increasing the richness
and redness of the blood.   Hence the preparations of  Iron,
Manganese and Zinc have been long considered almost as
sovereign remedies in Chlorosis.
   But when  the digestion is feeble they may be advantage-
 ously combined with the simple bitters.  It will often be
 found useful,  in order to hasten or confirm convalescence, or
 even as a remedy in  obstinate cases, to send the patient upon
 excursions to springs at a  distance from  home, so as to  com-
 bine with the medicinal effect of the  chalybeates and tonics
 the happy influences of exercise, pure air,  novelty of scene
 and the enjoyment of agreeable society.  Unless complicated
 with  serious organic lesions, the disease may generally be
 cured, or very  materially relieved,  by the means  above de-
 tailed, in a period of time varying from two to six weeks.

           CHOREA—ST. VITUS' DANCE.
    Chorea is characterized by involuntary contractions  of the
  muscles, without loss of consciousness and without a complete
  loss of the power of the will. 
11
  "It generally comes on gradually, and is often preceded by
irregular appetite, constipation, swollen abdomen,  etc., which
are sometimes also accompanied with depression of spirits or
other signs of nervous disorder.  The first unusual movements
are often noticed in  some one part of the body, as the face,
the shoulders or the hands; the  patient  making ludicrous
grimaces, or shrugging the shoulders, or incessantly working
with the fingers.  Irregular muscular action increases, and at
length the whole body becomes more or less involved."
  Chorea is sometimes attended with headache.  The bowels
are generally constipated, and the discharges often unhealthy.
The  appetite  is in some instances natural, in others morbidly
craving, deficient or capricious.  There is no fever.
  Neuralgic  affections, moreover, are not  uncommon in  pa-
tients who have been affected with Chorea; and there appears
to be  some  connection between the latter complaint and
rheumatism of the muscles, pericardium and spine.
  An unsteady, excitable state of the nervous system predis-
poses to Chorea.  Such a state is apt to attend a feeble condi-
tion  of the general health, and hence the disease is frequently
observed in individuals with disordered digestion and defect-
ive nutrition.
  Sex has a powerful influence.   Females  are much more
liable  to  the disease than males.  From  a  comparison of
numerous statistical reports on this point, it results  that the
proportion of females is between two-thirds and three-quarters
of the whole number.
  Constipation should  be properly corrected by purgative
medicines.
  Chlorosis or Anaemia demand the use of the Salts of Iron
and  Manganese.
  To  give strength  and  equability to the nervous   actions,
tonics  and  anti-spasmodics  or nervous stimulants  are re-
quired.  Sulphate of Quinia is sometimes very efficient, but
the mineral tonics are generally preferred.   The preparations
of Iron, Manganese and  Zinc  are, on the whole, the best  and
safest. 
12
  To  maintain the mind  in a cheerful state and the temper
tree from causes of excitement, are points of some importance
in the treatment of Chorea.   The diet should be accommo-
dated to the state of the  system, and in general the patient
may be permitted to use  ordinary food, taking care  to avoid
indigestible and  acescent substances.  The  habitual use of
tea and coffee should be abandoned.

                   RHEUMATISM.
  Rheumatism is a constitutional affection, attended with a
peculiar irritation or inflammation, to which all the parts of
the system are liable.
  Rheumatism may be divided  according to  its  seat or its
grade of excitement; as, Acute, in which violent local inflam-
mation is attended with  considerable  constitutional disturb-
ance or fever;  or, Chronic, which is characterized  by long
duration and a low grade  of inflammatory action; or, Nervous.
in which there is  neither inflammation nor fever, the disease
consisting exclusively  in irritation,  and that  directed  espe-
cially to the nervous tissue.
  A variety of Acute Rheumatism, denominated Bilious, has
sometimes been noticed, especially in miasmatic districts, and
is usually coincident with an attack of Intermittent or Remit-
tent Fever, and exhibits, along  with its own peculiar phe-
nomena, the bilious  symptoms and  character of those  affec-
tions.
  Almost the  only known exciting cause of Acute Rheuma-
tism is cold.   The cold operates most powerfully after free
perspiration.   Sleeping on  damp sheets or upon the damp
ground, wearing wet clothes, exposure  to cold rains without
subsequent change of dress, and sitting in a damp, cold room,
are examples of the kind of exposure which is apt to be fol-
lowed by the disease.
  But something more is requisite  than  exposure to cold.
There must also be a peculiar condition of the system predis-
posing to this  form of disease.   There must be a rheumatic
diathesis. 
13
  Chronic Rheumatism may exist in the fibrous, synovial or
muscular tissues, but is most frequent in the joints.   It may
occur either as an original affection or as the consequence of
an acute or sub-acute attack.   It  is sometimes limited to a
single part, sometimes extended to several, and may be either
fixed or  movable.  Usually, however,  it is  more apt to be
fixed firmly in its original seat.
  Nervous Rheumatism very often assumes the form of irri-
tation, without the least  sign of inflammatory  action.  It
may be directed  especially to the  nervous system,  evincing
itself by pains or other disordered sensations, and by irregu-
larities of the motive power;  or, it may affect any other por-
tion of the body, or any one of the organs, producing  derange-
ment of function in the parts or organ affected.
  The patient may be attacked with a neuralgic pain in the
face, dyspeptic sensations in the stomach or  colicky  pains in
the bowels, which will instantly cease upon the occurrence of
an attack of Sub-acute Rheumatism  in one of the joints or
muscles, and return upon the  retrocession of the latter affec-
tion.
  The exciting causes of this variety of Rheumatism are'the
same as of the  others, but there  is  a  different condition of
system in the individuals subject to it, which determines this
rather than the inflammatory forms.  A predominance of the
nervous temperament, sedentary habits, abstemious modes of
living and generally whatever tends to  depress the powers of
the  system at  large, may be considered as favoring the pro-
duction of  Nervous Rheumatism.  Hence it is most frequent
in females, students and  professional  men, especially those
who live temperately.
  An appropriate treatment in many cases of Rheumatism is
the administration of alkaline drinks,  largely diluted.  The
large amount of Borate of Soda contained in Minnequa Water
makes the use of that water particularly adapted to the relief
of rheumatic and neuralgic cases requiring the use of alkalies
especially, as the Borate  of Soda possesses all of the proper-
ties of the alkalies without producing any  of the disagreeable
sequelae so often following the use of the carbonates of Soda 
14
or Potash.  The use  of a  moderate amount  of  Colchicum
may also be combined with  that of the water, occasionally
alternating with the Iodide of Potassium.
  As depraved 'and deficient secretion  of  bile is a common
accompaniment of Rheumatism, the use of  Salts of Mangan-
ese, also contained in the water  from Minnequa Springs, are
especially indicated.

                    NEURALGIA.
  Pain without inflammation or other  disorder except that
of the  nerve involved, pain of a purely nervous character.
It may be extended so as to embrace all cases of pain  not
spasmodic, which cannot be traced  directly to vascular con-
gestion, inflammation  or other organic lesion.
  The pain is generally acute, shooting  or  darting, with ten-
derness of the part upon pressure.
  Sometimes the  paroxysm  of pain is preceded by certain
warnings, such as epigastric distress,  nausea, chilliness or
shivering, and a vague feeling  of general discomfort.  More
frequently it approaches without any such premonition, either
beginning moderately with a  sense of aching, tingling,  burn-
ing, itching, etc., and  gradually increasing till it  becomes
almost  insupportable; or darting at once  through  the part
with its utmost intensity, as it were in electric flashes, which
make the muscles even of a strong man quiver as they pass.
The paroxysm may consist of a continuous pain, varying in
degree, or of a succession of violent twinges, with comparative
ease in the intervals.
  Neuralgia  often originates" in diseases  of distant organs.
The stomach, bowels, liver, urinary organs and genital  appa-
ratus, and especially the  uterus, are  very apt thus  to  make
their disorder "known.   Acid, acrid secretions, or some offend-
ing article of diet or drink in the stomach, not unfrequently
occasions severe neuralgic pains in distant parts of the body.
Pain in the extremities and  external parts of the trunk are
frequently connected  with organic disease of the liver and
kidneys. 
15
  The correction  of functional disease of the liver has often
led to the relief of such affections.  The  uterus, in disease, is
notorious as the source of external pains.  The condition of
the system has also been mentioned as contributing to the pro-
duction of neuralgic pains.
  Another morbid state of system which strongly disposes to
neuralgic attacks is debility.  The affection is a very common
attendant upon convalescence from long-continued  and ex-
hausting diseases,  especially from the idiopathic fevers.  The
anaemic condition is very favorable to it.  Chlorotic females
are extremely subject to neuralgic pains.
   Of the exciting causes, the most frequent is probably cold,
fatigue, strong mental emotion, excesses of the table, intem-
perate drinking, the abuse of tea, coffee, and tobacco.  Retro-
cession of gout and rheumatism, and the sudden removal of
cutaneous eruptions, are exciting causes.  So is frequently a
wound or bruise.  A vast diversity of remedies has been used
in the treatment  of Neuralgia, and most of them with some
apparent success.   Being a purely nervous affection, it might
be expected to be influenced by means calculated to make an
impression on the mind.  Hence the  occasional efficacy of
metallic tractors,  of magnetized rings, of homoeopathic pills
and of numberless scarcely less inert applications, in the relief
of Neuralgia.
   Dyspepsia, if existing,  must be counteracted by the requi-
site  measures, and great vigilance must be exercised in order
to prevent injurious impressions upon  the stomach.  Acid in
the  stomach and  flatulence should be corrected;  acrid accu-
mulations removed by  cathartics  or otherwise; and  any
article of diet that may  prove a cause of offence should be
prohibited.
   In like manner disease  of the kidneys and urinary  pas-
sages,  and of the generative organs, should  be cared  for,
 and Amenorrhoea especially should be removed by the requi-
site means.
   Various metallic tonics have had some reputation in  the
 treatment of Neuralgia.  Among them may  be mentioned 
16
Nitrate of Silver, the  Salts of Copper, and the Sulphate and
Oxide of Zinc.
  The Borate of Soda, and Carbonate of Zinc, found in Min-
nequa water, will act  as  efficient  aids in the  treatment of
neuralgic affections,

                     DYSPEPSIA
Is a disease of the stomach, arising  from  various causes,
irritant  or  nervous, depressing the  action of the  stomach,
and weakening  its powers.
  The  symptoms vary exceedingly in different cases, and as
the disease generally progresses gradually, it is seldom treated
until it is firmly established.
  Appetite is more or less impaired, frequently wanting;  or
it may be strong or perverted with  a craving for improper
articles of food.
  Uneasiness and gnawing or burning pains in the stomach,
with flatulence,  are usual accompaniments.
  The  patient  feels his stomach all the time, though  not
always with pain. Eructations of wind and regurgitation into
the mouth of food or chyme, or of a sour, bitter, acrid, oily or
offensive liquid, are common symptoms.   Some patients are
affected with Waterbrash, and some with occasional or habit-
ual vomiting.
  The bowels are almost  always constipated, unless in cases
complicated with chronic Enteritis, or excessive secretion of
bile.  The  hepatic function is also frequently deranged.  The
secretion of bile is very often diminished, giving rise to light,
clay-colored, whitish, or hard and scanty stools.  Sometimes
it is perverted,  giving a dark or black color  to the  passages;
and more rarely it is too abundant, producing vomiting of
bile, or Bilious  Diarrhoea.
  The urine is variously affected, sometimes  scanty and high-
colored, depositing a lateritious or whitish precipitate,  some-
times copious, limpid, and almost colorless.   The  pulse is in
some cases quite natural;  in  others, more  or less disordered,
being either too slow or too frequent, or altogether  irregular. 
17
  The most prolific source of Dyspepsia is probably the com-
bined influence of sedentary habits and errors of diet.
  In the cure of Dyspepsia it is necessary to use such treat-
ment  as shall  restore  healthy action  to  the  liver,  enforce
proper exercise and suitable selection of food and manner of
taking it.
  The water from  Minnequa  Springs  is a powerful chola-
gogue, and  the location affords  a  chance of  securing  the
proper kinds of exercise.
  For the feeble,  the walks in  the grove with gentle  ascents,
and to the more robust the mountain country furnishes proper
opportunities for  riding on horseback, or over  rough roads.
Such  exercise, however, should not  be taken  either  directly
before or after a hearty meal.
  If, in addition, prudence in eating and drinking be observed,
such as the  avoidance of pastry, fat  meats, veal, pork or fish,
and coffee or alcoholic stimulants,  and rest be taken regularly
and fully in well-ventilated apartments, there is no doubt but
that a majority of dyspeptics will be much relieved, and many
permanently cured.
  The therapeutical effects and general application of  the
Salts of Manganese and  Zinc, and  of Borate of Soda,  are well
expressed in the U.  S. Dispensatory, and  other  medical
authorities,  from  which the following extracts are taken:

                    MANGANESE.
  Sulphate  of  Manganese produces an extraordinary secre-
tion of bile, and acts as an alterative.   Iodide and Carbonate
of Manganese are particularly useful in the anaemia attendant
on Scrofula, Phthisis and Cancer,  and  in Syphilitic Cachexy.
Given in conjunction  with  Cinchona, it  rapidly removes
the enlargement of the spleen often  following protracted
fevers.
  Permanganate  of Potash has been used successfully by Mr.
Sampson, of London, in Diabetes.  It  has been used exter-
nally, and has proved to be a valuable caustic and deodorizer.
As an application to foul ulcers which  require an escharotic,
it acts in this double capacity.   It is used as an application to 
18
 cancers and other foul ulcers.   Ferro-Manganic preparations
 are peculiarly suited to the treatment of anaemic cases in which
 iron has failed, or acts very slowly in Chlorosis.

                         ZINC.
   Chloride  of Zinc  has been given  internally as an altera-
 tive and anti-spasmodic in Scrofula, Epilepsy, Chorea, and
 combined with Hydrocyanic Acid in Facial Neuralgia,
   Oxide of Zinc is tonic and anti-spasmodic.  It has been
 given  in Chorea, Epilepsy, Hooping-Congh, Spasm of the
 Stomach dependent on Dyspepsia, and other similar  affec-
 tions.
   Sulphate of Zinc.   This salt is tonic and astringent.  As a
 tonic it  is supposed to be well  suited  to cases of debility,
 attended with irritation, being less heating than Sulphate of
 Iron.  In Dyspepsia it has been used with advantage in very
 minute doses.  In  the  night-sweats of Consumption it acts
 with singular efficacy, combined with extract  of Hyoscyamus.
 In obstinate intermittents  it is a valuable resource, and may
 be given alone, or conjoined with Cinchona or Sulphate of
 Quinia;  but it is in spasmodic  diseases, such  as Epilepsy,
 Chorea,  Pertussis,  etc., that  it  has been  principally  em-
 ployed.
   Valerianate of Zinc, upon trial, was found  to possess anti-
 spasmodic properties.  By some of the  Italian physicians  it
 has been extolled as  a remedy in neuralgic  affections.  Dr.
 Mamias, of Venice, employed it with advantage in anomalous
 nervous affections, attended with palpitation of the heart, con-
 striction of the throat, and pain in the head.  Dr. Francis De
 Vay. of Lyons, found it useful in Epilepsy, and in the nervous
 affections which  accompany Chlorosis.

                   SOD^E   RORAS.

   Borax is a mild refrigerant and diuretic.   It is supposed
 also to exercise a specific influence over the uterus, promoting
menstruation, facilitating parturition, and favoring the expul-
sion of the placenta. 
19
  Dr. Daniel Stahl, of Indiana, has found it useful in Dys-
menorrhoea occurring in sanguineous constitutions, venesection
being premised.
  Virey deemed it aphrodisiac;  and, according to Dr. J. C.
Hubbard, it is eminently so when used in the form of enema.
Binswanger considers Borax as the  best remedy that can be
used in nephritic and  calculous complaints dependent on an
excess of uric acid.   It  probably acts  in such cases as an
alkali, the soda of the salt neutralizing  the uric acid  occur-
ring in  the urinary passages, and the boracic acid being set
free.  The dose is from thirty to forty grains.  In Infantile
Diarrhoea, unattended by lesions of the  intestinal mucous
membrane,  M. Bouchut has fo.und  Borax peculiarly effica-
cious.
  Externally, the solution of Borax is used as a wash in scaly
eruptions.
  The salt is very much used as a detergent in aphthous affec-
tions of the mouth in children.
  Owing to its therapeutical  relations, Borax may  be classed
with the alkalies, and especially with Soda.  From its  effects,
when applied externally, it may be inferred to possess  a local
sedative influence upon the morbid action in the nervous and
vascular systems; which, however, it exerts, like many other
agents,  by previously  stimulating the tissues to which it is
applied.  When  taken internally, it does  not  disturb  the
digestion  as much as the alkalies do.
  It is said  to have a tendency to dissolve the blood and aug-
ment the secretions without exciting the circulation.  Accord-
ing  to  Wibmer,  the emmenagogue  virtues of Borax were
known to the ancients, and, as  will  be  seen in  the sequel,
modern  observation is not  wholly  at variance with their
belief.  Vogt speaks of its being particularly celebrated for
these qualities, and not only for promoting menstruation,  but
also for moderating the cramp-like pains which often attend
this process when it is irregular; for regulating the uterine
contractions during labor, and for strengthening feeble pains.
Some writers have not hesitated to ascribe such  virtues to 
20
Borax upon no other ground than because the administration
of this medicine, in conjunction with Ergot, was followed  by
uterine  contractions.  According to Vogt,  narcotic powers
have also been ascribed  to this medicine.   Borax has  been
much employed as a cosmetic.
  It is asserted to have the power of removing freckles,  liver
marks, and other accidental discolorations of the skin.  The
discolored skin should be bathed three or  four times a day
with the solution, which should be allowed  to remain upon it
until it is dry.  Chilblains are said to be  relieved by a Salve
containing two drachms of Borax to an ounce of Cold Cream.
A wash, composed of one drachm of Borax  in two ounces of
Distilled Vinegar, has been  recommended  by Abercrombie
and by  Christison as an  excellent lotion for Ringworn of  the
Scalp.  It has also, according to Pereira, been found servicea-
ble in Pityriasis Versicolor;  and Ritcher used a solution of
it with advantage  for removing Opacities of  the Cornea.   It is
often  employed  in ill-conditioned  ulcers  of  the skin and
mucous membranes.
  Although Borax has no power  of  controlling mercurial
salivation, it is nevertheless a most excellent agent for healing
the ulcers which this state induces; and for strengthening the
spongy gums.
  One of the most ordinary uses of Borax  is  to remove the
aphthae  which effect the mouth, fauces, and  anus for nursing
children, and which appears to be caused by an undue gener-
ation of  acid in the primae viae.
   Ritcher regards it as undubitable that Borax possesses a
power of stimulating the inert uterus, exciting its secretion and
promoting its contractions during labor, and consequently that
it deserves  to be  ranked with emmenagogues.   Dr. Stalil, of
Vincennes,  Ind.,  highly extols the efficacy of Borax in  the
treatment of Dysmenorrhom, particularly  in  persons of a san-
guine constitution.
   Dr. Golding Bird says:  " In women  this drug cannot be
used with impunity, as it certainly exerts a stimulant action
on the  uterus, and I have seen it  in  two  instances produce 
21
abortion.  Borax has also been used as a lithontriptic.  It
renders the urine alkaline, and is said to dissolve Lithic Acid,
Gravel, and Calculi."
  A perusal of the  therapeutical applications and properties
of the Salts of Manganese, Zinc, and Borate of Soda, as above
enumerated, shows the great variety of diseases to which the
Minnequa water  is  suited;  and where the use of it is  com-
bined with other remedies, properly exhibited, a great number
of cures may be expected.
  The analysis given, of which the results are above shown,
were made at my suggestion, first, to ascertain  the cause of
many cures that I have witnessed, and also that medical prac-
titioners  might  know  what were the active  curative agents
found  in the Minnequa Spring, and thus be enabled to select
from among their patients such as will be  benefited by a visit
to this resort.
                              F. HlNKLE,  M. D.,
                 No. 105 S. Second Street, Columbia, Pa. 
22
MINNEQUA  SPRINGS   HOUSE,
             BRADFORD COUNTY, PA.,
         W. D. TYLER,  Superintendent,
  On the Northern Central Railway, 42 miles north of Wil-
liamsport, Pa.,  36 miles  south of Elmira, N. Y., is within
eight  hours' ride of Philadelphia and  Baltimore, without
change of cars.   Passengers from New York via Erie  Rail-
way change cars at Elmira; via Allentown route, change cars
at Williamsport.
  Four passenger trains daily each way.  Elegant drawing-
room  coaches on day trains.  Palace sleeping  cars on  all
night  trains running through from Philadelphia and Balti-
more  to  Elmira, Watkins Glen,  Canandaigua, Rochester,
Niagara Falls, and return.
  As this  large  and  commodious Hotel  is located within a
short  distance  of the  railroad track, no fatiguing stage or
omnibus ride is  necessary in order to reach it.  Having been
again greatly enlarged, it presents unsurpassed attractions for
the health and pleasure seeker.   It contains (including cot-
tages) accommodations for 500 guests.  Rooms all elegantly
furnished, lighted with gas, containing electric bells, best hair
and spring mattresses, and amply supplied with both moun-
tain and mineral spring water.
  The Springs  are situated amid the  northernmost spurs of
the Alleghenies, 1,445 feet above  sea level;  are  surrounded
by mountain scenery of great beauty, and blessed with a most
delightful summer and fall climate.  The nights are deli-
ciously cool, and at no time in the day does the heat become
unendurable.
  A good Livery and Boarding  Stable connected with  the
house affords ample facilities for riding and driving to the
various points of interest in the neighborhood, such as "The
Lake," Armenia Mountain, etc.; from the latter a grand view
of one of the finest  landscapes  this country affords  can be
obtained. 
23
  The Hotel  contains telegraph,  ticket, express and  post
offices ;  billiard room and barber shop ;  also, a good ten-pin
alley.
  A fine band of music will be in attendance throughout the
season.
  The bath-rooms, heretofore in an outbuilding, have  been
removed to the new wing, and greatly improved, and can now
be reached without passing out of doors.
  Religious  services on  Sundays, in the parlors, by visiting
and resident clergymen of all denominations.
             PRICES AT THE SPRINGS.
 3 gallon jug........................................................$2 75
 3   "   demijohn, boxed......S3 50 Returned........... 1 00
 5   "       "       "   ......  5 00    "    ........... 1 50
10   "   carboys...................  7 50    "    ........... 1 75
 4 dozen pints, boxed..............  8 00 75c. per doz. returned.
 2   "  quarts,  "  ..............  6 00 $1.00   "
   A LIBERAL DISCOUNT MADE TO WHOLESALE DEALERS.
      DIRECTIONS FOR  USING THE WTATER.
  In using this water, it is of the greatest importance that it
should be taken at such times and in such quantities as will
effectually secure its  introduction into the system.  Half an
hour before each meal take a large  tumblerful of the vsater, and at
bed time repeat the same quantity.
  It is necessary to shake the bottle thoroughly before drink-
ing, as the water  (although perfectly clean  when bottled)
deposits a sediment readily mistaken for dirt.
               TO  THE AFFLICTED.
  Being desirous of affording relief to suffering humanity, I
will make the following offer:
  I will  repay the  necessary expenses of all  persons who,
having failed to get relief elsewhere, will come to Minnequa
Springs, use the water as directed for a reasonable time, and
who are not benefited.
  Williamsport, July 10,  1875.              P. HERDIC. 
24
TESTI3I01S IALS.
           Paymaster-General's Office, War Department,)
                       Washington, D. C, May 20, 1874.    /
Peter IIerdic, Esq.
  Dear Sir: I have been for years a sufferer from Dyspepsia, and
last July had, in addition, a severe attack of the bowel complaint,
accompanied by frequent colics during the day and night.  Through
your statement to Col. Sallade, that if I would visit Minnequa, and
drink the water, I would be cured, I was led to make the journey.
On the flrst of August I took an apartment in a palace car, and
made the journey on my back on a sofa.  Arriving at Minnequa, I
went immediately to bed, and was confined to it and the room for
a week.  My weight at this time was one hundred and eight pounds.
Commencing to  drink the water freely, I began to recover appetite
and strength, and at the end of one week found to my amazement
that I had gained twelve pounds in weight. Every day added to my
health and strength, enjoying my meals and sleeping soundly.  I
found no relief until I  abandoned the use of all  medicines, and
drank freely of Minnequa water.  I have felt very thankful to the
good Providence that led me to the healing waters of Minnequa.
                   Yours, &c,
                                           G.  D. IlANSON.
                              Towanda, Pa., August 11,1873.
Peter Herdic, Esq.
  Dear Sir: For four years I have been afflicted with Chronic
Fever and Ague, caused by diseased stomach, liver, and kidneys,
and  have "been constantly  under  medical  treatment,  without
benefit.   Twelve different physicians pronounced me incurable.  I
resorted  to a sea voyage, without avail.  At your suggestion and
offer of " no relief, no pay," three weeks ago I came to Minnequa,
scarcely able to walk. Abandoning the use of all medicines, I began
drinking  the Minnequa water, and from the second day after my
arrival have been constantly improving.  I have gained fourteen
pounds in weight, and now am entirely restored to health.
  During my four years of suffering my bowels were so constipated
that medicines were necessary to move them. After four days' use
of the water, their action was as regular as before my sickness.
                                          John O. Ward. 
25
                                 Antis Fort, January 1,1874.
Peter Herdic, Esq.
  Dear Sir: I wish to thank you for insisting, as you did, upon my
visiting Minnequa.  You told me if  I would do so, abandon the use
of medicine, and drink the water freely, I would be cured; and if I
was not it should cost me nothing. Below I present a statement
of my  disease and how it was cured, which, grateful as I am for
relief, I wish to make public for the benefit of others afflicted.
  Since I860 I had suffered intensely with  Catarrh, Dyspepsia—in
its  worst form—Paralyzation of the Bowels, Bleeding Piles, and
Rheumatism. I had expended large sums of money for'treatment
by the most  eminent physicians of Philadelphia and New York,
besides many country doctors, but without obtaining permanent
relief.  Last fall I visited Minnequa, and remained but two weeks,
drinking the water freely. The first night I rested better than
usual, and the second day I regained my appetite. Upon leaving
I had gained fourteen  pounds in flesh in as many days;  had
regained my health, and was enabled to attend to business, some-
thing I had been unable to do for thirteen years previous.
               Gratefully,                James B. Adams.
                                               July 9, 1873.
Peter Herdic, Esq.
  My Dear Sir:  I cannot refrain longer from bearing testimony to
the remarkable efficacy of Minnequa Spring waters for all kinds of
skin diseases.
  For many years I had been seriously afflicted with Tetter on my
hands and body, and am quite certain but few remedies had ever
been offered or suggested that I did not freely take. I had the very
best medical advice, and was frequently relieved, but never had
the disease eradicated.
  The drinking  of this water entirely cured me—a result which the
most successful physicians and patent medicines failed to accom-
plish.
  I was at the  Spring but four days, and took home with me a
five-gallon demijohn of the water, and every trace of the disease
left me.
  I know what Minnequa waters have done for me, and hope that
others similarly afflicted may seek the remedy that will not fail.
          Yours truly,                    William Brooks,
                                       431 Market St., Phil'a. 
 
 
HERDIC    HOUSE,
              WILLIAMSPORT, PA.,

N. B. BARRY,    -               Proprietor
ONE OF THE MOST DELIGHTFUL SUMMER
       RESORTS IN THE COUNTRY.
The House is  situated between the Allegheny and White
     Deer Mountains, in a park of five acres of forest
             oaks and native shrubbery.
  This is one of the most complete and thoroughly appointed
 hotels in Pennsylvania, capable of affording the most com-
 fortable accommodation to a large number of guests.  Tlie
.rooms are all elegantly furnished, lighted with gas and are
 supplied with every possible comfort.
  This magnificent hotel is located within a short distance of
 the railroad  depot;  no fatiguing stage or omnibus  ride is
 necessary in order to reach it.  Street cars leading to different
 parts of the city also pass its doors.
  The hotel  contains telegraph and ticket offices; a postal
 delivery, billiard room, bath  rooms, barber  shop,  electric
 bells,  and  in fact every modern convenience necessary to a
 first-class city hotel.
  Music and dancing will be one of the features of the house
 during the summer months.  There are spacious balconies on
 all sides of the hotel, affording delightful retreats on summer
 evenings.
  The house is also regularly supplied with the famous Min-
 nequa Water, whose excellent medicinal qualities are amply
 set forth on other pages of this sheet, the same to be free to J
 the guests of this house.
        TERMS OF HOARD AT THE HERDIC HOUSE.
From $10.00 to $15.00 per Week;  $2.00 to $2.50 per Day,
           Special Terms to Families.