M6rH-m pa'-. 898 «:•■ t r I Mr k /BMcbiQan Summer anb Ifoealtb IResoct State " IF YOU SEEK A BEAUTIFUL PENINSULA LOOK ABOUT YOU."—Motto on Great Seal of the State. hlBRA¥:\ SURGEON GENtRAL'SCF .v *£* *» NLN 00141225 1 ARMY MEDICAL LIBRARY ^ FOUNDED 1836 WASHINGTON, D.C NLM001412251 / MICHIGAN ,, A SUMMER AND HEALTH RESORT STATE A DIRECTORY OF MICHIGAN SUMMER RESORTS, MINERAL SPRINGS AND SANITARIA COMPILED BY ROBERTS P. HUDSON UNDER THE DIRECTION OF MicV.j-^.THE STATE BOARD OF HEALTH ISSUED IN COMPLIANCE WITH A CONCURRENT RESOLUTION OF THE LEGISLATURE [REPRINT 523] LANSING ROBERT SMITH PRINTING CO., STATE PRINTERS AND BINDERS 189S LIBRARY SURGEON GENERAL'S OFF 6" ') iftQQ i. i O -< J oo ^ < -° Is W °* V H LOCATIONS OF SUMMER AND HEALTH-RESORTS IN MICHI- GAN. REPORTED TO THE STATE BOARD OF HEALTH. NUM- BERS REFER TO NAMES ON FOLLOWING PAGES LAKE SUPERIOR DOMINION OF CANADA MANISTEEr\ WEXFORD a: o MISSAUKEE "muskegon I 0PA*V •AV&u ©tffl" LU s*vCAr<(ci Crystal Water Co., Bay Citv_______12l] Eastman's Mineral Springs, Benton' Harbor ...........___.......______122, Excelsior Mineral Bath House, Benton Harbor..............._________122, 123, Mt. Clemens.....______123, 124. 125, 126 Ne-che-1110 Springs, Reed City lV Oak Grove Mineral Well, Flint_____12d] Port Huron Mineral Bath Co., Port Huron____...............____......127. Sand Beach Mineral Water, Sand Beach Somerville Springs Mineral Water, St. Clair..............-----..........1:8, St. ClairSprings, (Salutaris Water). St. Clair..................____________127 Welcome Islands Lithia Water, Pontia .128, 142 Ypsilanti Mineral Bath Co., Ypsilanti -------......----.....--------128,129, 142 SANITARIA_______.............130 134,142 Alma Sanitarium .....---------130, 131,' 142 The Battle Creek Michigan Sanitarium -------------......----------131 132. 142 Oak Grove_______............_.......J33, 142 The Park Sanitarium, St. Lo.uis.133, 134," 142 MISCELLANEOUS. Reported too late for consecutive number- ing in geographical order, or numbering on the map. Gogebic Lake----................____93, 140 Coldwater Lake.....-----------117, us, 1411 Morrison's Lake__________________ns, l-io Marble Lake---......._____________nx, 140 Orchard. Pine, Cass and Svlvan Lakes' ............-----------lib, 111, 139, 140. 141 Island Lake............._______......109. 140 Baw Beese Lake........________nx, i,9, 159 Oscoda.........______......__.........28. 137 Au Sable................._......______29, 135 Whit mo re Lake_______.....___10s, looj 141 Oakland Beach----------.......104, lOd, 140 Bear Lake______......._________68, 100, 139 i Lansing------........-------105, u),', 140 ) Agricultural College______106, 107, 108, 140 Munisiug.....-----.....---------45, 46, 137 Pictured Rocks.......______..........47, 138 Duck Lake........................112, 113." 140 Barron's Lake Resort................H(,, 139 Clark's Lake___.........................119 THE ARRANGEMENT OF THE LOCALITIES ON THE MAP AND IN THE FOLLOWING ARTICLES. The arrangement of the numbers of resorts on the map, and of the articles in this publication is:—First, the Resorts upon the shores of the Great Lakes, commencing at the southeast extremity of the State and following the shore of Lake Erie, through the Detroit river, up the shore of Lake St. Clair, through the St. Clair river, and along the shore of Lake Huron to Mackinac Island. The resorts in the immediate vicinity of Mackinac Island come next, then those upon the St. Marie river and from thence along the shore of Lake Superior from east to west to the extreme northwest of the Upper Peninsula. Then follows the Lake Michigan shore along the southern coast of the Upper Peninsula from west to east to Gros Cape, thence down the shore of Lake Michigan from north to south and to the southwestern extremity of the State. The inland lakes are next in number and arrangement, commencing at the northern part of the Upper Peninsula, across from west to east. Then follow the inland lakes in the Lower Peninsula, commencing with those farthest north, taking them in order from north down to the southern line of the State. The Mineral and Sanitary Springs have been numbered as the localities in which they are situated, if such places are mentioned in this report, if not, they are numbered following the inland lakes as they come on the map, from north to south. The Sanitaria follow and are numbered and mentioned alphabetically. Several resorts were reported too late for consecutive numbering, and were numbered as they were reported, following the numbers of the Sanitaria, but are placed among the other articles as they would have appeared if they had been reported in time for numbering consecutively. INTRODUCTION. During the session of the Michigan Legislature of 1897, a Concurrent Resolution was passed, requesting and authorizing the State Board of Health to prepare comparative statements relative to the public health in Michigan, before and since the establish- ment of the State Board of Health, and to present the health status of Michigan, at a meeting to which all the prominent sanitarians of this country and the neighboring provinces were to be invited, and which should be a celebration of the organization of the State Board of Health, which occured a quarter of a century ago. The particular resolution which relates to this publication and pursuant to which the data for this publication were gathered from the various sources, was as follows: "Resolved further, That, in case the invitations afe accepted, the Railroad Commissioner and the State Board of Health are requested to act, and to cooperate with interested citizens so far as practicable, for facilitating the attendance of representative excursionists from other States, and for placing- before those who may visit Michigan on that occasion, the beauties of the numerous delightful summer resorts around the shores of the Great Lakes, and at the numerous inland lakes and other sanitaria, the general healthfulness of the State, and the unparalleled advantages of Michigan as a summer resort State." The Board proceeded immediately to circulate requests for information upon the subject of Michigan Summer and Health Resorts, and for this purpose, circular letters were sent to the newspapers, health officers, mayors of cities, persons interested in resorts, and to railroad and steamboat companies, asking for such information relative to the location, facilities of all kinds, and sanitary condition of all resorts in Michigan. A second and similar request for information was sent to all the above named sources, as well as to such persons as were thought to possess the information desired, and hotel owners, managers of summer resorts, and even resorters themselves were requested to forward to the State Board of Health all the available information relative to the several resorts in which they might be interested. Thus the information was gathered by dint of circulars, personal letters, personal interviews, and newspaper mention. There is no doubt that a large number of the smaller resorts in Michigan cannot be mentioned on account of the inability or neglect of persons interested to forward the desired information to the Board. So widely were the circular letters spread, and so persistent have been the efforts of the office of this Board to secure all the information relative to all the resorts that it seems probable that, had the persons connected with summer resorts been sufficiently interested to have desired representation here, they could have done so. It is therefore, the fault of interested persons if their resorts have escaped notice. The cities in the State, unless they were essentially summer resorts, have been ommited from this publication, not only for the reason that the larger cities generally publish such information as will exhibit at length the facilities for business and the healthful conditions in a much more detailed manner than can be done in this publication; but also for the reason that it is intended to restrict the information in this publication to localities which in themselves are essentially summer resorts, or possess health-"-iving mineral springs, or are the localities of sanitaria which are resorts for persons seeking health. (The public asylums of the State, as those for the care of the insane, blind, deaf and dumb, idiotic, also those for the incarceration of persons who have violated the laws cf the State, the prisons and reformatories, are not included i:i this publication.) The State.—Michigan covers an area of fifty-seven thousand, four hundred and thirty square miles, and contains thirty-six million, four hundred and fifty-nine thousand, five hundred and eighty-four acres of land; a larger extent of territory than either one of five of the fifteen nations of Europe. The Great Lakes.—The lakes that surround Michigan, five in number, are Lake Erie, with an area of nine thousand, nine hundred and sixty square miles; Lake St. Clair, which is much the smallest of the system; Lake Huron, with an area of twenty- three thousand, eight hundred square miles; Lake Superior, the largest body of fresh water on the globe, with an area of thirty-one thousand, two hundred square miles; and Lake Michigan, with an area of twenty-two thousand, four hundred and fifty square miles. A total area in square miles, without Lake St. Clair, of eighty-seven thousand, four hundred and ten square miles, which is estimated to be about one-half of the fresh water on the globe. The Coast Line of Michigan, on the Great Lakes and connecting straits is one thousand, six hundred and twenty miles, it is greater than that of any other State in the Union, and throughout the entire distance, the shores present an unfolding panorama as varied as the imagination might paint. From the rush of the mercantile centre on the shores of the magnificent Detroit river, to the tall whispering pines of forest-covered hills in Northern Michigan, from where civilization is at its height to the almost unexplored forests, the shores wind their way, sometimes among the neighboring islands, of which there are about one hundred and seventy-nine, but oftener along the coast past cities and villages, past hamlets nestling among the beautiful, well-cultivatad farms, past frowning bluffs and rugged bearded hills, along where meadows skirt the shores, beyond protected bays, past substan- tial lighthouses which give constant warning to mariners, in and out of the magnificent government harbors and canals, through the historic region of northern Michigan, through gigantic locks that free commerce from the bars of water falls and rapids, again along a shore where the hand of man has scarcely marred the face of nature, and where nature's hand has carved fantastic shapes upon huge rocks and bluffs as if in a weird mood she had made a picture gallery of this wild Lake Superior coast. Leaving the rugged, rock bound shores of this " Inland Sea " by paths which lead through more wild and rugged scenes, through the remnants of the great pine forests, through the famous copper mining district, where the earth is catacombed by great mines from which immense quantities of the tawny metal are taken, on through forest roads, past Indian huts and squatter's cabins southward down through the iron district to the shores of another "Inland Sea," not less beautiful than Superior. Eastward then along the coast beyond lumbering centres, beyond iron-ore laden docks of Escanaba, along quiet bays and safe harbors, again to the historic region of the Mackinaws and down the western shore of the Great Lake Michigan. Winding along the deep bays, down among the orchard laden lands of the Traverse region,-the famed Northern Michigan Fruit Belt, from whence such immense quantities of apples are yearly sent far and wide and where as has been said is the " Home of the Ozone." Southward by these fruitful shores, along the route once traversed by Pere Marquette and his faithful attendant Jesuits, when ill and suffering he returned from his mission among the Illino's Indians to his beloved mission at St. Ignace, and where succumbing to illness and fatigue he was temporarily buried at the mouth of the river which bears his name. Winding still southward the shores lead now 6 past smiling rivers and thriving cities and now beyond the outer limit of that great peach belt which soon comes full in view with its miles of peach orchards, fruited heavily and lending such an impetus to commerce. Here the face of the country, crowned with the glory of its gardens and immense peach orchards, is almost the antipodes of the rugged pine-covered land, honey-combed with mines and hill-tipped with snow, at the extremity of the Upper Peninsula. Truly nature has never more richly endowed any land. The Inland Lakes within the borders of this almost water-bound State are five thousand, one hundred and seventy-three in number, with a total acreage of seven hundred and twelve thousand, eight hundred and sixty-four. Although many of these lakes are small, and some of them unattractive to the summer-resorter, yet a large number are not only attractive but are sought by the neighboring residents and by persons from distant parts of this State and from other States; visitors find quiet and rest and recreation along the shores of these beautiful lakes and on their quiet waters. Population.—The population of Michigan in 1897 is estimated to be two millions, two hundred and forty-five thousand, four hundred and twenty-one people. There are eighty-three counties, seventy-seven cities, two hundred and ninety-eight villages and one thousand two hundred and sixteen townships. The Public Health.—In an official letter, the Secretary of the State Board of Health, in speaking of the comparative death-rate from consumption in Detroit and in New Orleans, Dr. Baker has said: " My belief is that Michigan is one of the most healthful States, in this country and in the world. I believe that the tempera- ture is rendered milder in the winter and cooler in the summer through the influence of the Great Lakes which nearly surround the State. I believe the mortality from lung diseases is, on this account, less than in other states and countries in the same latitude, 'i The impression has been prevalent in some of the states that Malaria is generally prevalent in Michigan, and for that reason a residence here is not desirable. -However, such is not now the case. Perhaps when Michigan was a dense forest and the dampness of the ground could not be reached by the sun, such was the case. Indeed the older workers in sanitary fields recognize the fact that most new states and countries in this latitude are subject to malarial fever, but it must be remembered that Michigan has been improving its sanitary condition for over half a century, that the huge forests have, with scarcely an exception, entirely disappeared, or have been so reduced that but little of the original forests now stands, except in the extreme northern part of the Upper Peninsula. With the disappearance of the native pine and hardwood forests, cities have sprung up, villages have followed in the wake of the disappearing wood, hamlets and farms occupy the places where the dense primeval forests stood, and with the advance of civilization has come the improved sanitation that densely settled localities demand. Sewer systems have cleared the cities of filth and excreta, ditches and drains have emptied the swamps of what might have become dangerous to the health of the neighboring community. For twenty-five years the State Board of Health has been laboring and teaching and leading the inhabi. tants of the.State towards the more improved and modern methods of sanitation, and now Michigan has no peer among the states for advancement and successful sanitary condition of the country. An examination of the death rates of the State for several periods of years, and then for single years will show the results of the gradual but ever increasing improvement of conditions, the 7 H:\_, *Ar/X>m SCENE IN BELLE ISLE PARK. continual decrease of deaths from malarial fever. The Vital Statistics Report of Michigan, page 158, for 1895, shows that from 1870 down to 1896, there has been a continual decrease of the death rates from malaria. Statistics tell beyond conjecture and with certainty that even since 1870, the death rate from malarial fever has decreased continually until 1896, when there were reported only four and four-tenths deaths to one hundred thousand population, or one death from malarial fever to twenty-two thousand, seven hundred and twenty-seven. The decrease of sickness from this disease has been even more marked than the decrease in the mortality, until at the present date a case of malarial fever is a rarity. THE EARLY HISTORY OF MICHIGAN. Perhaps no better brief mention of the earliest history of the State can be found than the language of the late venerable Ex-Governor Alpheus Felch who said:* " In the autumn of 1641, a little more than two hundred and fifty years ago, two Jesuit priests, Fathers Jogues and Raymbault made a visit to this portion of the country. They crossed the St. Mary's river and entered within our borders at the point where the waters of Lake Superior are poured over the falls from their immense reservoir. They were greeted on the shore by a con- course of not less than two thousand Indians, and to them they preached the gospel of the Christian religion. Neither history nor tradition gives us any account of earlier intercourse between civilized men of the white race and the red man of the forest within our borders. The stay of the Fathers was very brief and they returned to the field of their missionary labors in Canada. "Michigan was at that time emphatically the home of the savage. Its wandering tribes had never heard of the arts or the sciences, or of the refinements or comforts of civilized life. The bold daring and cruelties of war were their glory, and they had little taste for the softer feelings of humanity in which the civilized man delights. They were simply hunters and fishers and warriors. The aborigines of some other portions of America had made some progress towards civilization, but these had taken no step in that direction. The aborigines of Mexico had become cultivators of the soil and were skilled in some branches of the arts. The Cherokees of Georgia and the Iroquois of New York were settled in permanent habitations and obtained a comfortable livelihood in a great measure, by cultivating the soil. Not so with the dwellers here at the time of the visit of the Fathers in 1641. They were simply untutored savages, with all the superstition, ignorance, cruelty and degradation inseparable from purely savage life in the forest. "There were at that time three tribes of Indians within the limits of the present State of Michigan, namely: The Ojibwas or Chippewas, the Ottawas and the Potawatamies. There was also a band or division of the Miami tribe of Indians which had a lodgment at the mouth of the St. Joseph river of Lake Michigan, and who were visited by Marquette as early as 1675. A fort was built there by La Salle in 1679, and subsequently a Mission was established by the Jesuits, but both have long since ceased to exist; and in 1715, the Indians, at the instigation of Cadillac, removed to the vicinity of Fort Wayne in Indiana. They never returned to Michigan and their tribe has never made claim to any lands within the borders of the State. « " The number of Indians within the limits of the State, at the time of the first visit of white men, it is impossible even to approximate, but they were scattered very sparsely through the forest, without permanent habitations and depending on the chase and the natural productions of the earth for subsistence. One might have traveled for days in almost any direction without seeing an Indian. The point where the Fathers entered our territory was the place where the aborigines mostly congregated for the benefit of the fishing at the Sault, and at no other spot within our limits could so large a number have been found together." *A paper read before the Michig-an Pioneer and Historical Society at its annual meeting- held at Lansing, June 6 and 7, 1894. 9 f^' 1 ' -a. SCENE IN PALMER PARK, DETROIT. J. DETROIT. The metropolis of Michigan, located at the head of the Detroit River, near its connection with Lake St. Clair and well named " The City of the Straits," is in a most advantageous situation for the immense amount of commerce of which it is the centre. It has at present a population of' about two hundred and fifty thousand, and it is surrounded by beautiful parks, picturesque boule- vards and pleasant drives. Its excellent schools, hospitals and municipal institutions; the elegant residences of the citizens, the beautiful public buildings, and the unsurpassed facilities for manufacturing and shipping, make it an unparalleled place for perma- nent residence not excelled by any city in the Union. It is not, however, the intention of this publication to enter upon the detail of Detroit's attractiveness as a city, except as a summer and health resort and to mention the prominent parks at which the residents and outsiders seek the quiet and rest and recreation which they offer. They are the fresh-air gardens of the city. The City of Detroit is in possession of twenty-three Parks and Parkways, and eleven miles of Boulevard, all of which have been donated to the city, with the exception of Belle Island Park, which was purchased. This place of recreation, with the two other principal parks, Palmer Park and Clark Park, are deemed to be suitable for mention in this publication. The others, although beautiful and popular, savor more of the local walk or drive and come less under the head of summer-resorts. Belle Island Park, an island in Detroit River, and accessible from the city either by the ferr" line, or a long iron bridge connecting it with the mainland, is one of the most popular and frequented places in the immediate vicinity of Detroit. The Island contains seven hundred acres and was purchased by the city in 1879, for two hundred thousand dollars and since the purchase, one million five hundred thousand dollars have been expended in its maintenance and improvement. Nearly all of this beautiful island is covered by a growth of natural forest. Its lawns and drives are beautifully kept, and a pretty artificial stream, which is crossed here and there by artistic bridges, meanders among the trees and lawns in a most sinuous bewildering fashion. Dotted with artificial lakes and fountains, gay with beds of flowers and flowering growth, the surface of the island is attractive. There are also bath houses, boat houses, a large pavilion, and a system of pony phaetons owned by the park system, and a collection of wild animals on exhibition. The ferry lines for Belle Isle leave the foot of Wood- ward Avenue every fifteen minutes from 9 a. m. until 10:00 p. m. during the summer season. Palmer Park, the next largest in size, containing one hundred and thirty-two acres, is just outside of the northern limits of the city, and is accessible by the Woodward Avenue Electric cars. This Park was presented to the city in 1894 by the Hon. Thos. W. TMIS PLATE USED ' COURTESY OF BOAT HOUSE, BELLE ISLAND PARK. SCENE IN PALMER PARK, DETROIT. Palmer, and located within its borders.is the famous Log Cabin Lodge, containing many relics a century or more old. The im provements on this Park have just fairly commenced; thus far, they consist of a large colonial casino, music pavilion, lakes, roads, walks, drives, etc. It is a most romantic place. Clark Park, in the western portion of the city, is the next largest park in size and is about twenty-five acres in extent; it is located in a thickly populated section of the city, and it is accessible by two electric street car lines, viz: The Baker and Sherman Street lines. The improvements in this park consist of a deer paddock, pretty artificial lakes, bridges, fountains, etc. Grand Circus Park is near the business portion of the city, and it is semi-circular in shape. It is reached by the Woodward Avenue cars. The Detroit River, near Ecorce.—"Down Wyandotte way, where the road runs for some distance along the bank of the river, near quaint, sleepy Ecorces, where the noise of the electric car jars on one's ears as it goes swirling past, rudely awakening one from Arcadian dreams, and where the monotonous, though busy, hum of the saws in a mill by the river shore even, seem to be in concord with the quiet of the little place, is as pretty a bit of scenery as any found on the Hudson. "To ride down there from the hot, hurrying city, and get off and roam through the woods along the river bank, or sit down in the shade of some old lumber pile and watch the boats, some slowly, some swiftly, churning their way far out in the river, is like being suddenly transported from busy America to the top of some dyke in far away Holland, where, far out to sea, the masts of ships, half hidden in smoke, can be seen slowly making their way to the English channel. " It is strikingly like Dutch scenery in many respects. The river is broad, at that point nearly two and a half miles from the American to the Canadian shore, and it is dotted by numbers of long, low islands, over whose tops the vessels, carriers of the com- merce of the Great Lakes, can be seen. Within sight of the eye are half a dozen government range lights, for the aid of mariners whose vessels plow through the swift-flowing waters, and they remind one of the low, squatty windmills of Holland, only lacking the great arms to complete the deception. In front of one is a long, low island, rising like a dyke with its top just above the water, and to complete the picture, at its lower end is an old schooner, dismantled and dismasted, with gray, unpainted sides, and a figurehead that seems to whisper of Captain Kidd and his pirate crew; of ship-wrecked mariners, storm-tossed and forsaken; and all the other fables of the sea. Many years ago she was one of the proudest schooners on the lakes and sailed up and down, carrying products from one end of the great inland sea to the other."—Detroit Free Press, July if, i8gS, 2. FAIR HAVEN. Fair Haven, on the north shore of Anchor Bay, Lake St. Clair, on the route of the daily steamboats from Detroit, and eight miles from New Haven, the nearest railroad centre, is a picturesque little village with a permanent population of four hundred, and a summer population of five hundred inhabitants. The fishing at this point is good, and the facilities for boating and bathing are excellent Satisfactory accomodations may be had at hotels and public clubs. 13 THIS PLATE USEO BY COURTESY OF THE WASASH RY. THE GREYHOUND. SCENES ON BELLE ISLAND PARK. THIS PLATE USED BY COURTESY OF THE WASASH I LIGHTHOUSE AT ST. CLAIR FLATS, 3. ST. CLAIR FLATS. (FROM DETROIT.) Leaving the City of Detroit, which spreads out like a beautiful panorama along the course of the steamer for a distance of three miles, past Belle Isle, where the substantial Government Lighthouse is located, the course opens into Lake St. Clair. On the left hand, well around the bay, the fashionable suburb of Detroit, Grosse Pointe displays the picturesque summer homes of some of the wealthiest citizens of Detroit, and, with its shaded walks and attractive surroundings, presents a beautiful landscape. Then follows a sail across Lake St. Clair of about one and one-half hours, uneventful to the initiated save for the great number of pass- ing vessels which are always in view and include nearly every kind of water craft, from the largest freight boat to the tiniest pleasure yacht. After'the cross-lake sail, the steamer approaches the St. Clair Ship Canal, which was constructec the United States Government, in 1871, at a cost of six hundred and fifty thousand dollars, for shortening and widening the entrance to the St. Clair River, which was formerly a deep, nar nel. This canal is eight thousand, two hundred feet long, two hundred feet wide and six deep. The largest part of the tonnage of all the Great Lakes passes through this canal, and in a recent comparison it is stated: "The tonnage * * * exceeding the number of vessels entering Liverpool harbor, uses this canal, a vessel passing on an average of every seven minutes, day and night, the season through.". Passing through the canal, on all sides of which is a vast marsh of running water, divided by deep, tortuous channels, the steamer enters the St. Clair river and the famous St. Clair Flats, which are composed IS CAUGHT BEFORE BREAKFAST. of several thousand acres of partly submerged land. One would imagine that a place so situated would be the source of miasmatic, malarial influences, detri- mental to health. Such is not the case. The water is clean and pure every- where, and instead of being an unhealthy marsh it is more like a clean, fragrant meadow, divided and subdivided by pure flowing streams, which form some of the best fishing and duck-hunting grounds in the world. From the three principal channels called the North, Middle and South Channels, large enough to accom- modate good sized vessels, down to the tiniest channels, along which only a row boat, propelled by a skillful and familiar oarsman may go, the flats are divided by a most intricate and bewildering network of waterways, some almost, if not quite hidden by the growth of wild rice, and a person unacquainted with the locality might easily become lost beyond the possibility of extricating himself. Beyond the canal, for a distance of four miles, along t'r.e American side, the river is lined with club houses, private cot- tages and hotels built on piles or on high ground dredged from the surrounding flats. Thus this amphibious region, belonging neither to the land nor the water, but partaking largely of both, has been reclaimed by the hand of man, to make, an almost unrivalled resort, and a beautiful healthful place for summer residences, while nature has been untouched to the extent that the wild fowls and native fishes remain plentiful. Most of the clubs and cottages are on the South Channel. The Middle Channel being wild and as yet unused for summer resi- dences. The North Channel is becoming popular, and cottages and clubs are being erected there. The first of the club houses is the picturesque and unique, weather beaten and ancient appearing home of the Lake St. Clair Fishing and Shooting Club, whose shabby outside appearance belies what is within; for the interior is most luxurious. Next comes the Arthur House, a public hotel, then the Mervue and Rushmere Clubs, then comes Star Island, (4) another resort which is public, and a picturesque place, with a number of good shade trees; and here as well as at The Riverside Hotel and Joe Bedore's, which are public hotels and situated in the middle part of the flats, those who are not members of any of the numerous clubs can find good accommodations and can secure guides, fishing tackle and everything conducive to excellent sport in the way of bagging speci- mens of the feathery and finny tribes which here are so plentiful. Muir's Landing, another public resort, with a hotel and several BY THE C0URTE6Y OF THE WABASH RY. LAKE ST. CLAIR SHOOTING AND FISHING CLUB. RUSHMERE CLUB, ST. CLAIR FLATS. cottages, is the next along the route, after which comes Harsen's Island, where -r several beautiful resorts are located, Maple Leaf, Sans j Souci, and Grande Pointe are the most important. The j latter, Grande Pointe, is a picturesque club house, with broad shady verandas and excellent equipments. Above Grand Pointe is Russell's Island, around the head of which lies the village of 5. ALGONAC. One of the oldest towns on the St. Clair river, with a population of about twelve hundred, which is largely increased in the summer by the numbers of summer residents, resorters and picnickers who frequent this village, and a large number of Detroit people have summer residences here. The beautiful drives, shady walks and quaint old hostelries here are objects of attraction, and the facilities for fishing, the proximity of the flats and the favorable climate, give Algonac a good reputation for resorting. 6. MARINE CITY. The next locality, along the St. Clair River is Marine City, a village with a population of about four thousand, and the centre of ship-building interests and salt wells. Here the river becomes narrower, and the banks, which along the Flats are low, become steeper and more imposing and on the left hand, a number of substantial residences frown down from the elevation. The view along here is more imposing and grows in interest, until by a sudden bend in the river, the view opens into a sort of bay, on the west side of which lies the city of St. Clair with her two resorts. 7. ST. CLAIR SPRINGS. * St. Clair Springs is located in the corporate limits of St. Clair City, on the east bank of the St. Clair river, twelve miles south of Pt. Huron. It is the location of the "Salutaris Springs," and everything that could be done in the way of making a desirable summer and health resort, has been done here. The walks and drives in the vicinity are pleasant, "wheeling" is good, the fishing, boating, bathing and sailing are excellent. A few miles to the south is the St. Clair Flats, a popular locality for summer outing, fishing, and in the proper season, an unrivaled duck-shooting ground. The hotel at the springs, which is also connected with a * St. Clair Mineral (Salutaris) Water. sanitarium, and with the bottling dispensary, from which the mineral waters are shipped, is the particular attraction. It furnishes ample accomodation for guests, and has in connection with it all the facilities for out-door exercise. One mile north from St. Clair Springs is 8. ST. CLAIR CITY. A village of about three thousand permanent population, which the influx of summer visitors increases to about six thousand during the hot months. This city was first settled by Thomas W. Palmer, of Detroit, who, attracted by the quantities of lumber and the shipping facilities, located a saw mill and lumber camp here. The village first bore his name, but was afterward changed' Within the corporate limits of St. Clair, two distinct and popular summer resorts are located—St. Clair Springs, already mentioned, and Somerville Springs, to follow. The City aside from its desirable location, and its endowments at the hands of enterprise, is a beautiful city. The shaded streets, well lighted with electricity, the complete system of sewerage, the beautiful and many costly residences, all go to make the place attractive. Within the city proper are located mineral springs, similar in quality to those at the more decidedly resort localities. The streets in the city are well shaded and beautiful, and the roads in the neighboring country are excellent for driving and "wheeling," and those outside the city traverse a district especially favored with pleasant farms, where all the products common to the district are plentiful, including all kinds of fruit and vegetables. North from the city proper, and still within the city's corporate limits, is located another resort. 9. SOMERVILLE SPRINGS. * This locality, as well as the two before mentioned, is possessed of many attrac- tions which make it desireable for summer visiting. Its drives, boatin fishing, bathing; its mineral springs, from which water similar to that from the springs at the other two places, is obtained, together with the excellent hotel accomodations, make it attractive. Surrounded by picturesque county, where the original forests of pine have given place to other varieties of timber within easy access of "The Flats," and on the backs and within view of the great channel of commerce which connects the interests of the upper lakes with Detroit, Cleveland, and important cities further south and east, where lake vessels are pass- ing and repassing constantly, the prospect is good for successful resorting * Somerville Springs Mineral Water. 18 THIS PLATE USED BY COURTESY OF THE WABASH I BOAT LANDING, SOMERVILLE SPRINGS. These localities, St. Clair, with the two resorts within its corporate limits, are accessible by the Michigan Central Railroad the Detroit and Pt. Huron Division of the Grand Trunk Railway, and all lake and river boats. to. HURONIA. BEACH. Within the corporate limits of the City of Port Huron, about one mile north of where the St. Clair river joins Lake Huron, lies ;i twenty-acre tract of land with nearly a half-mile frontage on the lake, called Huronia Beach. The meandering line of the lake shore is in a north-westerly direction, giving the cottages, about fifty in number, a north-east frontage, where the prevailing winds, after June, come from the lake. Though in the winter months the place is deserted except for the caretakers, the summer population of this resort is about four hundred. At a distance of from one to two hundred feet from the shore is a sand bar within a few inches of the surface, and between the sand bar and the shore, the water is shallow, there being no undertow, the temperature of the water is modified, and affords an excellent and safe bathing place for women and children. The beach is under the control of the management, and while excursions. picnics, and crowds are not allowed on the grounds, the cottages, many of which are very pretty and comfortable, can be rented at a reasonable price, and are all more or less shaded by trees which have been planted by the management of the resort. The water supply is from the City of Port Huron, and piped as is that of the rest of the city, from Lake Huron. The resort is lighted by electric lights. There is no hotel at the resort, but the cottagers can find accommodations at the dining hall on the grounds, which is for their benefit. U. GRATIOT BEACH. Half a mile north of Huronia Beach, another pleasantly located and easily accessible place for summer rest is Gratiot Beach, Its attractions include good tennis courts, fishing, boating, yachting and driving. It has a broad, gently-sloping beach, making a safe place for bathers. The accommodations for visitors consist mainly in one good hotel and several cottages, and its proximity to the city of Port Huron, four miles from the business portion of the city, from whence it can be reached by electric road, gives it accessibility from almost any direction. 12. PORT SANILAC. On the shore of Lake Huron, in the county of Sanilac, the village of Port Sanilac, thirty miles north of Port Huron offers to seekers for rest the attraction and the qualities of a quiet country village, with sufficient hotel room, excellent surrounding country and the fresh, pure air common to lake-shore villages. The population of the village is about four hundred, and while it is not largely exploited as a summer resort, a number of visitors each year take advantage of the quiet rural surroundings, and avoid to some extent the higher prices of larger summer resorts. The water supply is from wells, and the neighboring country furnishes supplies of fruit and vegetables. The fishing is good, and it is often a trip of great interest to the uninitiated to go with the fishing smacks, some of which are owned and operated from this village. The hotel accommodations, while not elaborate, are good and sufficiently commodious. 19 SCENE ON HURONIA BEACH. TE USED BY COURTESY OF THE WABASH I AT HARBOR BEACH. Saginaw Bay, thus insuring a low and equable temperature during the summer months, when the prevailing winds are northerly. The records of the U. S. Weather Bureau Ob.server at this point show a mean maximum temperature for July and August of 7S degrees, and a mean minimum of 56 degrees, giving a mean range or variation of only 22 degrees. This is a point well worth consid- eration, not alone for the comfort of adults but more particu- larly for the well being of young children who cannot bear extreme variations in temperature. Harbor Beach Resort Association was organized in 1896 by Southern Michigan and Ohio people who wished to secure the benefits of an ideal summer home and at the same time escape the annoyances of housekeeping. They have retained the 13. HARBOR BEACH. Among the many cottage resorts that have become so popular during the last decade, Harbor Beach, located on Lake Huron Harbor of Refuge at Sand Beach,* Michigan, has been one of the most successful. While the excellent facilities for boating and bathing, the good fishing, and the fine drives in the vicinity, have been important factors in its rapid growth, the salient feature of its permanent success lies in its climate. Harbor Beach is the most accessible resort in Michigan where one can enjoy the cool health-laden breezes of the upper lakes. It is only one hundred and twenty miles north of Detroit, and is easily reached by three lines of lake steamers, and by the F. ly. P. M. R. R. Located, as it is, on the Thumb of Michigan, the winds which strike it from north, east and west must first cross the cool waters of Lake Huron or *Sand Beach Mineral Springs. BREAKWATER, SAND BEACH. (lesiral)le features of hotel life in a central club house, managed on the co-operative plan which enables them to secure a first-class table at a very low individual cost. Especial attention is paid to the character and source of food supplies, milk, etc., while the water which is furnished for all purposes by the village system, is taken from the open lake two miles above the Beach. All sani- tary regulations are under the control of the Board of Directors, and safety is assured. The cottages are provided with bath rooms and all modern conveniences. This association is strictly private in character and unexceptionable references are required from all applicants for member- ship. It appeals more particularly to people of quiet tastes and to those with young children who demand the care and attention in the way of food and sanitation which modern science has shown to be essential to the preservation of health. Children can live out of doors, the beach is perfectl}- safe, bathing in the clear waters of the lake may be enjoyed every day in the season, as the water is protected by the surrounding piers of the breakwater, and is nearly always warm. The bottom of clean white sand recedes so gradually that the water is only three feet deep three hundred feet from shore. Sand Beach has long been a favorite resort for hay fever sufferers. The visitors at this point will suffer no annoyance from mosquitoes. They will find much enjoyment in the safe boating afforded by the three square miles of smooth water in the harbor. There is good perch fishing for the uninitiated, and black bass fishing for the elect. Several streams near by have been stocked with brook trout, and there are good roads for wheeling and driving in the vicinity. COTTAGES AT HARBOR BEACH. 22 14. POINTE AUX BARQUES. Pointe Aux Barques is supposed to have been named by Father Allouez, who, with a canoeing party explored the waters of Lake Huron in 1665, and discovered this rocky cape, at the most northern point of the "Thumb" of Michigan, which marked the northern boundary of Saginaw Bay. The "Point," located near the village of Port Austin, at the northern point of Huron county, is a delightful summer resort and an extremely picturesque place for transients and tourists to visit. The precipitate POINT AUX BARQUES. rocks and bluffs which abound here, are particularly picturesque, giving portions of the beach the appear- ance of wild, inhospitable rock-bound shore; how- ever there are excellent beaches, where the water deepens so gradually that it is safe and delightful for bathing. The roads around Point Aux Barques and indeed nearly all the neighboring roads are excellent for " wheelers " and carriage driving. At the " Point " a life-saving station is located, with a captain and a crew of eight sturdy seamen. The pop- ulation of this resort in the winter is not to exceed fifty, and though in the summer the cottagers and hab- itants of the hotel compose the greater part of the TV r ■; \ *■";.. ";*r:s3* THE BEACH AT POINTE AUX BAROUES. population, the number of transient visitors increases it to often as many as six hundred. The water supply is from Lake Huron, taken from out 1,600 feet in the lake. The fishing consists largely of perch, bass and lake trout. The hotel and cot- tage accommodations for visitors are ample. The resort is accessible by way of the F. & P. M. R. R., by the lines of lake boats, and by good wagon roads from other larger lake ports. 15. BAY PORT. Bay Port* is. a resort on Wild Fowl Bay, forty-six miles northeast of Saginaw, which is held in particular favor by many citizens of Cin- cinnati and Louisville, who have patronized it regularly for some years past. It is a " haven of rest" for those who prefer reason- able quiet and respite from the ceremonies and conventionalities of fashionable life at home or at many summer resorts. Bay Port has *v a fine bathing beach, and Wild Fowl Bay, being thoroughly protected ^. ■ from the high winds and waves, is the perfection of a place for rowing and sailing, an amusement indulged in to a great extent. A modern hotel, with finely this plate used by courtesy of n:>rthern sieamship co. furnished rooms and broad verandas, sur- rounded by handsome shade trees, a bowling alley and billiard hall, provide entertainment and amusement for the guests. The village has a permanent population of abdut three hundred, which is increased to about seven hundred during the summer months. Fishing is excellent, and forms one of the means of entertainment for the visitors, bass, perch, pike and pickerel being reported as abundant. A new bicycle track is located near the hotel. The supply of water at the village is largely taken from an artesian well. 16. SEBEWAING. Sebewaing, in the southwestern part of Huron County, on Saginaw Bay, is a village of about thirteen hundred permanent population, which, in the summer( Bay Port Mineral Springs. is generally increased to about fourteen hundred by the summer resorters. It has much in common with the other lake villages, pure air, lake scenery, excellent fishing, bathing and boating. It is attractive and favored by the surrounding country, which is produc- tive of all kinds of fruit and vegetables. The water supply of the village is largely from artesian wells, and the hotel accommodations are excellent, besides cottages which may be rented very reasonably. This locality may be reached by the Saginaw, Tuscola & Huron Rail- road, and by some of the lines of Lake Huron boats. 17. WENONA BEACH 18. OAATKA BEACH. Two resorts which lie near each other along the extreme southwest- ern shore of Saginaw Bay, are within a few miles of Bay City, and are reached by electric cars. The resorts are essentially picnic grounds, and are popular as excursion localities, though there arc excellent facilities for a more extended sojourn. Easy of access from Saginaw and Bay City, these resorts are popular with the residents of those places, as a place to spend summer days and even a longer period of time. The beach along this point is shallow and safe for bathing, all kinds of water craft, from row boats to large yachts and steam launches, may be had, and the accommodations for visitors in hotels and cottages are excellent. 19. LIN WOOD BEACH. On the southwestern coast of Saginaw Bay, and on the line of the Detroit & Mackinac Railroad, Lin wood Beach, near the pros- perous little village of Linwood, is a resort mostly utilized for picnicking and day resorters. The beach is excellent for bathing and the broad sandy stretch of beach which deepens gradually, makes a safe place for women ;ind children to bathe. The fishing is also good, although the facilities for an extended visit here are not yet established, yet as high as four thousand picnickers and pleasure-seekers visit this resort yearly. AT BAY PORT. *"*,.■ TROUT FISHING 20. TAWAS BEACH. On Tawas Bay, sufficiently near the cities of Tawas City and East Tawas to be easy of access, and on the line of the Detroit & Mackinaw Railroad, Tawas Beach is a resort well adapted to the purposes for which it is used, that is, for picnics, excursions, and day resorting. It is not largely advertised as a summer resort, but the facilities for bathing, boating, and the good beach and pleasant surroundings, make it a pleasant place to spend a day of rest and quiet. 21. TAWAS CITY. An old lumbering town, and only recently perceived to have excellent facilities for a summer resort, Tawas City, on Tawas Bay, with from twelve to fifteen hundred permanent population deserves mention. A pleasant location, and where the in- comparable lake breezes and pure air are always present, it offers attractions in itself aside from the advantages it possesses as a lake town. The town is especially favored with mineral water, which is supplied from flowing wells. These are located in different portions of the town, and are free to the residents, none of them being owned by corporations. The fishing consists largely of bass and perch, and in the neighboring country trout streams are easy of access, as well as good hunting in its season. Fruit and vegetables are abundant in the vicinity. Tawas City is the county seat of Iosco county. Its principal street fronts on Tawas Bay, a beautiful sheet of water into which, within the city limits, flows a clear trout stream with gravelly bottom. Summer boarding houses accommodate a few visitors. The Detroit & Mackinaw Railroad passes through it, and lake boats stop at its docks. 122. OSCODA 123. AU SABLE. The sister cities of Oscoda and Au Sable lie on opposite sides of the mouth of the Au Sable River, Oscoda on the north and Au Sable on the south side, and both on the shore of Lake Huron. They are fifteen miles northeast of Tawas City, and south of Alpena on the Detroit and Mackinac and Au Sable and Northeastern Railroads. Nearly all the local lines of lake boats stop there, and the loca- tion of these twin cities is desirable for summer resorting. Au Sable, with a complete system of electric lights, water works and sewers, and its good hotel, and Oscoda across on the north side of the river, have an aggregate population of about twenty-seven hundred. The Au Sable river, which flows between these cities, has long been famous as a fishing place, and along its banks hunters find, in proper seasons, an abundance of game. Trout and grayling are the principal varieties of fish sought by the fisherman, and along- the banks, shooting and fishing clubs have located picturesque club houses, and have set out reservations where the game may be left undisturbed. The river is large enough to permit considerable boating. 22. ROGERS CITY. Rogers City, a village of about six hundred inhabitants, the county seat of Presque Isle County, and one of the lake port.-. where many of the Lake Huron boats stop regularly, is a location which is full of attractions to the sportsman and fisherman, in winter as well as in summer. It has the facil- ities of the lake shore towns in its excellent beach for bath- ing, safe boating, attractive surroundings, where the deep shady woods of hemlock and hardwood are traversed by trout streams, and in these woods in the proper season the sportsman finds ample quantities of game birds and larger game. The Rogers City Rod and Gun Club is located here on account of the facilities for sport. Three good hotels, such as are usually found in villages of like size, .and boarding houses where perhaps cheaper accommodations may be had, make up the accommodations for visitors. 23. POINTE AUX PINS. On the southern projection of Bois Blanc Island, which is about twelve miles long and six in greatest width, between the Straits and Lake Huron, is Pointe Aux Pius. with its cottages and hotel almost hidden in the groves of pine, from whence the resort gets its name, and from which the breezes which are considered so invigorating EAGLE'S NEST AT POINTE AUX PINS. COTTAGES AT POINTE AUX PINS. and health giving, acquire their fragrance. This resort six miles north of Cheboygan, and twelve miles southeast of Mackinac Island, is sufficiently isolated from the larger resorts to be quiet and free from restraint, though there are steamers twice daily each way from Mackinac and Che- boygan. The summer population of Pointe Aux Pins consists of an average of about one hundred resorters; in the winter about a dozen families are all the inhabitants. The scenery here is picturesque, with its dense forests of small oak, groves of sugar maple, birch, pine and hemlock, through which wild shady roads lead to the neighboring objects of interest. A chain of inland lakes, within easy walking distance from the resort are attractive to fishermen. Echo Lake, where the acoustic phenomenon is remarkable, is easily accessible. From thence, through "The Narrows," another small lake is found. A mile or so of row- ing and a half mile of woodland road brings the fisher to Perch Lake, remarkable for its excellent perch fishing. &-?' 24. MACKINAW CITY. Indian tradition and romantic early history have vested Mackinaw and its surroundings with a haze of mystery which the commonplaces of progress have not worn off. Indeed, the whole northwest, with its mighty lakes, and one-time vast wildernesses has been a locality of historic and legendary interest. Mackinaw City, which the Indians called Pe-quod-e-non-ge, was an Indian town on the south side of the straits (which is four miles wide at this point), where Mud-je-ke-wis, the father of Hiawatha lived and 31 GLIMPSES OF MACKINAC ISLAND. died; at least, so said the old Indian Chief at Thunder Bay, and the early traditional Indian history tells us that it was here the Ottawas and Ojibwas first settled. These tribes, on account of their wandering habits, were compared by the neighboring tribes "to Paw-paw-ke-wis, a name given by the Indians to the drifting snow which blows over the frozen ground in the month of March, now whirling and eddying into gigantic and anon into diminutive drifts. * * The name was given to a noted old chief fully equal in bravery and daring to Hiawatha, Plu-re-busta, or Man-a-bosho." Mackinaw City was the first French settlement in Michigan, and was established by Marquette in 1671. It was the metropolis of a portion of the Ottawa and Ojibwa nations, and "where their congress met to adopt a policy which terminated in the conquest of the country south." Pere Marquette caused a chapel and fort to be erected here, in the vicinity of which the villages of the Huronsand Ottawas were located. The fort enclosed an area of several acres, surrounded by cedar pickets, the remains of which can still be seen. It is believed that it was from here that Pere Marquette embarked with Joliet on his exploring tour of the Mississippi. It is also said that during the possession of Mackinaw City by the French, blood had not been shed within its borders by Indian hand, and that it had been looked upon by the Indians much in the same light that the ancient Hebrews regarded their Cities of Refuge; and among all the tribes which congregated here for the purpose of trade or barter, all animosities were forgotten. At present the village has a population of about seven hundred and fifty, and on account of its interest historically it has become somewhat popular as a resort, although perhaps not to such a degree as some of the neighboring localities. Within easy access is a whole region where traditional and early history of Michigan has left its interesting mystery. Within a few hours ride from the village are those localities which the Michigan Indians had vested with the supernatural, whose curious topographical formations they attributed to the work of genii and fairies and whose shores were sacred as the residing places of their forefather- heroes. Within easy access also from the village are the scenes of all the labors of Father Marquette in Michigan; and the imprints of his work and of those Jesuits who followed him are not yet obliterated. Many of the landmarks are still extant. The village is accessible by the Michigan Central, Grand Rapids & Indiana, and the Duluth, South Shore & Atlantic Railroads, and by all the lines of lake boats. 25. MACKINAC ISLAND. Probably no spot in Michigan is better known to the tourist and summer-resorter, and probably no locality is more often visited by summer pleasure seekers than Mackinac Island, Missillimackinac, "The Gem of the Inland Seasr" Pregnant with Indian legend, and sacred from the labors of the great Pere Marquette, it stands a landmark in the history of three great countries, France, England and the United States; and was the seat of bloody Indian warfare before the advent of the Jesuit, who spread the religion of France among its aboriginals and raised the crosses of his order upon the face of the island. * "The New Mackinac" as it is called, distant seven miles from the old, is on an island about nine miles in circumference, and covers an area of six thousand acres. Its extreme elevation above the lake is about three hundred and twelve feet. The village * "Old Mackinaw." W.P.Strickland. (Phila., 1860.) 33 COURTESY OF MICHIGAN I ARCH ROCK. MACKINAC ISLAND. MACKINAC ISLAND. and fort are situated on the southeastern extremity of the island, where there is a good harbor protected by a water battery. The island remained in the possession of the British from 17S0 (when the fort was moved from Mack- inaw City and located here) until 1793, when it was sur- rendered to the United States. It was retaken in 1812, but restored again by the treaty of Ghent, in 1N14. It is situated in north lat. 45° 45', west Ion. 84° 30' from Greenwich, being 7° 30' west from Washington. It is three hundred and fifty miles north of Chicago and three hundred miles north of Detroit. The fort stands on an elevated ground about two hundred feet above the water." The name of the island, Mackinac, signifying in the Indian language, Island of the Giant Fairies, contains many nat- ties, some of which are well worth the journey there to see. ural curi Arch Rock, a natural arch projecting from the precipice on the northeastern side of the island, about a mile from the fort, and at an elevation of about one hundred and forty feet above the level of the water. Its abutments, formed of calcareous rock have been produced by the falling of great masses of rock, leaving a chasm of some eighty or ninety feet covered by an arch which spans it, fifty or sixty feet deep. The beach view of Arch Rock is particularly grand, having the appearance of a magnificent arch sus- pended in midair. The Indian tradition says it was formed by one of the Giant Fairies who inhabited the island. Other objects of particular interest are '' Sugar Loaf Rock," " Robinson's Folly," " Skull Rock," " Chimney Rock," " Flinn's Cave," " The Devil's Cave," and " The Devil's Punch Bowl." " Lover's Leap," a huge perpendicular bluff rising boldly from the lake shore to a hight of two hundred feet, and where, the Indian tradition says that the beautiful Ojibway girl listened for the triumphant chant of her warrior lover, returning from the war-path, and once, failing to hear it, and learning that her brave had fallen in an attack by enemies, threw herself from the face of the cliff, and was found mangled at its base. It was in this region'that Longfellow, visiting Mr. Henr}- Schoolcraft, a careful student of the Indians and their habits and traditions, first found the idea and plot for his poem, Hiawatha, in which he has so beautifully woven the Indian traditions, and many of the names are familiar. It was here that the trading company of John Ja'cob Astor established its headquarters, from which its fur interests extended over the whole of the northwest; and the old building used as the offices of the company has been utilized in the structure of the hotel, which bears his name. Visitors VIEWS ON MACKINAC, ISLAND. can examine the ponderous account books used by this trading company. At present this historic spot is little more than a popular and healthful resort, and the mecca of sum- mer tourists on the Great Lakes. The fort, which had been occupied by a regime.it of troops, was, in 1896, deserted as a military station, and was granted to the State of Michigan for the purpose of a State Park, and as such it is now used. The village, i nestled under the brow of the cliff, and as in former J days, under the mouths of the guns of the fort, is a beautiful place, with a permanent population of seven hundred, which, in the summer is swelled by the tourists, summer residents and resorters to about four thousand, has a full accompaniment of modern improvements and sanitary facilities, sew- ers, electric lights and water works. The bathing, boating, fishing, and the delightful and healthful climate here would well repay the visitor for his jour- ney (which of itself is a most beautiful trip, either by rail or boat) aside from the natural and historical curiosities of this beauti- ful island. Fruit and vegetables ONE OF THE HOTELS AT MACKINAC are raised in the immediate vicinity. and the region for miles around is a stretch of attractive resorts. Excellent hunting, trout streams and the most attractive scenery are within easy reach on all sides. Mackinac Island is accessible by three railroad lines, during the period of summer navi- gation by nearly all the lines of boats which traverse the Great Lakes, and during the winter season, across on the ice trom the neighboring cities of St. Ignace and Mackinaw City. The accommodations for visiters are almost unlimited and of great variety: excellent hotels, com- modious boarding houses, ana even the hospitable homes of the residents offer a variety of attractions to those inclined for each. MACKINAC ISLAND. 26. ST. IGNACE. Another of the localities in this historic region which bears the marks of the early labors of Pere Marquette and his fellow Jesuit missionaries, is the city of St. Ignace (St. Ignatius) so-called from the mission established there by Father Marquette in 1671. This point was one of the scenes in the tragedies of the original inhabitants of Michigan, in which the Ottawas, Ojibwas, Hurons, Au-se-gum-ugs and other neighboring tribes played an important part. A large Indian village was located here, and another east of where the village now stands, on Moran Bay. These were destroyed by the Ottawa Chief San-ge-man, who established his vil- lage here, and from whence he went forth to the city of Mackinaw, and thence to his conquests along the eastern shore of Lake 38 ' '_— quette were - ___.. -■■'^~> finally interred. It is said that a large company of Ojibwas, Otta- was and Hurons who had been on.a hunt- " j ing expedition landed their canoes at the mouth of the Marquette River, where the great missionary had died on his return from Illinois, and where he had been temporar- "■--._ .-.-.-&.■:■-.-*-•*«■'""""* ilv interred (probably THIS PLATE USED BY COURTESY OF MICHIGAN CENTRAL R. R. H C il T L 11 (1 i fl g t O ll) ON THE SHORE OF LAKE HURON. pending the removal of the remains to the consecrated ground of St. Ignatius, and carried the body to St. Ignace. % " When they arrived in sight of the Point, and beheld the cross as if painted against the northern sky, the missionaries in charge came out to the beach clad in vestments adapted to the occasion. How wa.s the scene heightened when the priests commenced, as the canoe bear- ing the remains of Marquette neared the shore, to chant the requiem for the dead. The whole population was out, entirely covering the beach, and as the procession marched up to the Chapel, with cross and Michigan to the Grand River, overrunning the country to the site of the city of Chicago, where, reinforced by the Ojibwas, he extended his con- quests down the Illinois River to the " Father of Waters," the Missis- sippi. Equally romantic is the history of the struggles of the early Jesuit missionaries, who braved the terrors of distance and wilderness and of the wild, untutored savages. There was a Jesuit mission and college here, with a succession of Jesuit priests from 1671 until 1706, when the missionaries becoming discouraged, bu/ned the chapel and college and returned to Quebec. The mission, however, was renewed, and was visited by Charlevoix in 1721. It is beyond a doubt that it was at St. Ignace that the bones of the brave Mar- ThlS PLATE USED OLD MACKINAC prayer, and tapers burning, and laid the bark box beneath a pall made in the form of a coffin, the sons and daughters of the forest wept." "Here," says a Catholic historian, "Marquette reposes as the guardian of the Ottawa Mission." The city of St. Ignace is at this time a place with twenty-five hundred perma- ent population, and with probably thirty- five hundred population in the summer. It has a system of sewers, electric lights and water-works, by which water is brought from the Straits. Aside from its historic interest, St. Ignace is an attract- ive resort; its facilities are excellent for summer-resorting. The fishing is good and consists of white fish, trout, pickerel, pike, muscalonge, bass and perch; the boating is also good; but the water, like that of the other resorts in this region, is too cold for comfortable bathing. Vege- tables and berries are abundant in their season. Good hotels furnish excellent accommodations for tourists and resorters. St, Ignace is the terminus of the Duluth. South Shore & Atlantic Railroad, and a car ferry in the summer and a steam ice boat in the winter connect it with the Michigan Central and Grand Rapids & Indiana Railroads at Mackinaw City. 27. LES CHENEAUX ISLANDS. Lying along the southeast coast of the Upper Peninsula, in Lake Huron, close to the mainland, and fifteen miles northeast of Mackinac Island, is a group of islands varying in size from mere dots on the map to good sized bodies of land. This arch- ipelago, Les Cheneaux Islands, or "The Snows " as they are called, consists of about one hundred islands, large and small, separated by deep, tortuous channels where m SCENE AT LES CHENEAUX ISLANDS A MORNING ROW, the waters of Lake Huron continually rush and swirl, and where many varieties of game lake fish make their feeding ground, indeed, the old French chroniclers said that " they were not merely the feeding grounds, but the very home of the game fish of the lakes." Bass, perch, muscalonge, Mackinac trout, pickerel and pike are plentiful in these waters. It is perhaps the best fishing ground in the Mackinac region. The boating, canoeing and sailing are excellent, and in* season the duck shooting is good, and many adjacent streams furnish good trout fishing. On Marquette Island, the largest body of land in the group, the " Les Cheneaux Club," composed largely of Detroit and Bay City people, have a reservation of forty acres, upon which has been built a large club house and several cottages. On another of the islands the Beach Hotel, and on the mainland opposite, the Islington, the Pennsyl- vania and the Snows, public hotels, furnish accommodations for visitors. The winter population of this group consists mainly in the caretakers of the several hotels and club houses; in the summer it is very largely increased. The water supply of the resorts and clubs on the group is from Lake Huron, and is reported as being good. The climate of this region, as well as for the whole neighboring dis- trict is particularly adapted to sufferers from hay fever and kindred ills, and many of the sufferers from that disease remain in the neighborhood till late in September, A TROUT BROOK. This group of islands is accessible by steamboats from St. Ignace and from Mackinac daily, and sailing craft carry passengers about as often. 28. SAILOR'S ENCAMPMENT. (NEEBISH.) Thirty-five miles southeast of Saulte Ste. Marie, on the "Soo" River, Chippewa County, and accessible by daily lines of steam- boats from Mackinac Island, is located the Sailor's Encampment. Surrounded by beautiful rolling land and well-cultivated farms, and with the peculiarly excellent summer climate of the region, this resort, with forty families during the winter months, and about one hundred families through the summer, is a pleasant, attractive place. Plain, unpretentious hotels and cottages, with the tents of the campers, furnish sufficient accommodation for visitors, and the fishing, the picturesque surroundings, and the cool climate make this locality a pleasant place to spend the summer months. - •' - A WHALEBACK 29. SAULTE STE. MARIE. The city of Saulte Ste. Marie lies in Chippewa County, on the south bank of the St. Mary's river, the outlet of Lake Superior and the boundary line between the United States and Canada. The river, sixty miles long^ and really a succession of straits and broad lakes, dotted with islands and almost shut in by forest covered hills, makes a picturesque and most interesting .journey. At this 12 point it makes a drop of nineteen feet within a distance of two miles, and just' above the city, on the American side, the govern- ment has built the famous St. Mary's Ship Canal, for the purpose of passing the St. Mary's Rapids. The Government works, with the immense perfect structures of masonry, and operated i by water power and lighted by electricity, are almost as near perfection in mechanism as possible. The lock of the canal, six hundred and fifty feet long, eighty feet wide, and having a lift of eighteen feet, is capable of locking a considerable tonnage at one time. In comparing the importance of this canal with other similar ones, it was recently stated that "A greater aggre- gation of tonnage is locked through this canal during the season open for navigation than passes through the Suez Canal in an entire year." The rapids at Saulte Ste. Marie are interesting as an attractive sight, and it is wild excitement in running their swift, turbulent waters, in a canoe manned by Indians. At the foot of these fierce rapids is where the Indians spear whitefish, and a very good opportunity 3= •j.may be had for the novice to try his hand at this Indian Jpv method of fishing. Another object of historical interest at this locality is old Fort Brady, erected in 1H23, and an old time important United States military post. Saulte Ste. Marie is at present a city with a permanent population of a little less than ten thousand inhabitants, and with an average of from five hundred to a thousand summer visitors and tourists. The river affords excellent fishing; neighboring streams ' COURTESY OF NOR SAULTE STE. MARIE. where trout are plentiful are within easy reach; boating, with the guidance of the Indians who may be hired at reasonable rates is excitement not to be forgotten, and the city, with its excellent system of water-works, sewerage, electric lights and good hotel accommodations, offer more than ordinary attractions as a summer resort. The locality is accessible from nearly any part of the country, being on the Duluth, South Shore and Atlantic, the " Soo Line," the Canadian Pacific Railroads, as well as all the steamboat lines running to Lake Superior, besides the excursion boats which run continually through- out the season from various points. 29a. MUNISING. On the south shore of Lake Superior, only ten hours ride from Chicago, the town of Munising nestles at the foot of the bluffs, which at this point recede a short dis- tance from the shore. The wooded hills all along the bay here offer good sites for camp and summer homes. Within a few moment's walk or drive, the original for- est, dotted with lakes and brooks, where pike and trout are abundant, offer great attractions to the fisherman. Indian guides can also be found here for hunting and fishing parties who wish to penetrate the more remote depths of these primeval forests. Easily accessible by lake or rail, few places in the entire region of the upper lakes combine so many rare, unique and attractive features for a summer resort, health and pleasure as Grand Island and Munising Bay. 45 MUNISING FALLS Munising Bay has one of the finest har- bors on the entire chain of lakes. Pro- tected from the storms of Lake Superior by Grand Island (eight miles long, four and one-half miles wide), lying directly opposite its entrance, with chan- nels entering the bay on either side 1,200 feet wide and a minimum depth of 35 feet, it is accessible in aii3' weather to the largest ships. Grand Island contains an area of twelve thous- and acres of laud. It rises to a considerable elevation above the waters of the lake, and is covered by a dense, picturesque forest. A charming little lake near the centre of the island adds to its picturesque beauty. Directly across the eastern channel, entering the bay and in full view from the island, the far-famed Pictured Rocks rise from the surface of the lake in a vertical preci- pice of lofty rocks on the mainland. In GH THE RAND PORTAL. »close proximity to the bay, are beautiful cascades, verdant hill slopes, quiet sheltered glens and mountain streams alive with speckled trout. CHAPEL KOCK AND KEACH, FROM THE KAY, AND MIXERS KIVEK, LOWER FALLS. 29b. THE PICTURED ROCKS. The famous Pictured Rocks are reached by a side trip from Munising Station. They stretch from Munising Harbor eastward along the coast, rising in some places to the height of two hundred feet from the water in sheer precipices without beach at their bases. They show a constant succession of rock-sculptures, and the effect is heightened by the brilliancy of the coloring—yellow, blue, green and gray, in all shades of dark and light, alternating with each other in a manner which charms the traveler, and so astonishes the sober geologist that his dull pages blossom as the rose. It is impossible to enumerate all the rock pictures, for they succeed each other in a bewildering series, varying from different points of view and sweeping like a panorama, from curve to curve, mile after mile. The Grand Portal is one hundred feet high by one hundred and sixty -eight feet broad at the water level; and the cliff in which it is cut rises above the arch, making the whole height one hundred and eighty-five feet. The great cave, whose door is the Portal, stretches back in the shape of a vaulted room, the arches of the roof built of yellow sandstone, and the sides fretted into fantastic shapes by the waves driving in during storms, and dashing up a hundred feet toward the reverberating roof, with a hollow boom. Floating under the Portal, on a summer day, voices echo back and forth, a single word is repeated, and naturally the mind reverts to the Indian belief in grotesque imps who haunted the cavern and played their pranks upon rash intruders. 30. MARQUETTE. Marquette, situated on the south shore of Lake Superior at its widest part, possesses many attractions for the tourist in search of health or recreation. One of its chief claims for consideration is its advantage as a health resort. The atmosphere is most aptly described as " a mountain air without the elevation." The summer weather record is one of bright sun- shiny cool days, with cooler nights. The sandy soil and the great fall of the land toward the lake, insure dry air and total absence of malaria, and 'the keynote of the climate is its salubrity; with enough of the zest of the north to stimulate and invigorate, producing an immediate tonic effect upon the visitor. The prevailing northwest winds blowing in across one hundred and fifty miles of the purest water, maintain a pure, highly-ox3'- genated atmosphere, tempered occasionally by winds coming from westerly over two hundred miles of native forest. In this cool, oxygenated atmos- phere, with the purest of drinking waters, sleep is deep and restful; the rocks near maroUETTE. appetite quickly improves; the liver is stimulated; assimilation and the excretory functions as- sume normal activity, and the healthy glow of an oxygenated blood-current supplants the sal- lowness of those suffering from diseased blood conditions — effects which are easily made permanent. The sufferer from over-wrought nerves, and de- pressed conditions in general, dyspepsia, melancholia, insom- nia and neurasthenia are espec- ially benefited. The "Plasmo- dium malariae" disappears from the blood in a short time and without the aid of quinine. For hay fever and associated con- ditions of asthma and bron- chitis, the climate is an absolute specific, those who have worn out other localities finding com- plete relief. But the widening fame of Marquette and vicinity as a summer resort rests not merely upon its recuperative virtues. The list of its attractions is a long one, embracing excur- sions by rail to the nearby iron and copper mining industries, by coasting steamer to the fa- mous Pictured Rocks and Grand Island and the beautiful scenery of the Huron Mountain region. The beautiful falls of Dead River near by, and in the city the great ore shipping docks whence float the great ore freighters, the new U. S. break- waters, the beautiful peninsular park carrying its crown of nat- ural forest high above the waters of the lake, with its excellent drives and walks, in addition to the usual golf, tennis, walks, drives, boating bicycling, pic-- nics, etc. Truly the summer visitor here finds health, rest, rec- reation and diversion and close at hand the comforting silences of primeval nature and indul- gence for artistic sensibilities. A prominent feature is its hunting and fishing clubs, sev- eral of which are in successful operation within fifty miles along-shore, and others being organized. A coasting steamer running twice or more each week affords safe and sure com- munication. The members of these clubs are enthusiastic lovers of nature (and of nature's recreative handiwork on man) from many parts of the United States who not only enjoy the regular annual visits to the shore of Lake Superior but find the home life infused with a new zest and all the powers for work or enjoyment invigorated throughout the year. Marquette is a well built modern city of nine thousand permanant resi- dents; has its electric railway, electric and gas lights, water-works, sewer- age, with everything for comfortable or luxurious living obtainable and among its hotels and boarding houses the stranger will find accommodation to suit his purse and desires. Inquiries from the medical profession will receive prompt attention by the Health Officer, always a prominent physician. Business inquiries should be sent to Secretary Business Men's Association. 31. HURON MOUNTAIN SHOOTING AND FISHING CLUB. Forty miles northeast of Marquette, and at the mouth of the Pine River, the Huron Mountain Shooting and Fishing Club has erected a club house and twelve cottages for the use of the members of the club, from fifty to one hundred and fifty of whom visit this locality during the summer months. The small lakes and their tributary streams are reported as prolific in fish, of which nearly all the common varieties are abundant, and the Huron Mountains, lying southwest of the resort, furnish an excellent hunting ground. The club is reached by the steamer, City of Marquette, twice each week during the summer months. 32. ESCANABA. Settled in the year 1863, Escanaba, the present county seat of Delta County, is advantageously situated on the point of land dividing Green Bay from Little Bay de Noquette. The harbor here has an entrance of three miles in width, and of sufficient depth to float the largest vessels. With its excellent commercial communication with Chicago and Milwau- kee, by the Chicago and Northwestern Ry. and the Goodrich line of steamers; w steamers, and with Marquette via the C. & N. W. and the Duluth, South Shore 4'I NEAR MARQUETTE. ith Green Bay and Cheboygan via the Hart line of & Atlantic Kys.. Escanaba is one of the two great shipping points for the iron ore of Lake Super- ior. Its enormous iron docks have a capacity of 95,000 tons, and thirty-six vessels can be loaded there simultaneously, and from twenty to thirty thousand tons of ore can be shipped daily. It is estimated that there are four thousand cars and one hundred locomotives constantly employed in the transportation of ore to this point. Besides the iron ore docks, there are several merchan- dise and commercial docks, where immense quantities of coal and other merchandise are annually shipped. Aside from the distinction Escanaba has attained by possessing the largest ore docks in the world, which in themselves are well worth a visit during the summer season when they are in constant operation, the city affords excellent advantages as a summer resort. It is beautifully situated on Little Bay de Noquette on a promon- tory separating it from the waters of Green Bay, and its magnificent, wide streets and beautiful dwellings are a source of delight to the tourist intent on finding a pleasant spot in which to wile away the hot summer months. The special advantages Escanaba possesses as a summer resort are: Its climate, which, during the summer months is ideal, the days being mild and warm, though not oppressively hot, and the evenings cool; the facilities for boating are unsurpassed, there being boat liveries where anything from a small sloop down to a skiff can be rented at any time; fine fishing can be found in Little Bay de Noquette, and the many streams that empty into it. These streams abound with trout and are within easy reach. The natural scenery of the country surrounding Escanaba is a feature that invites the tourist who loves nature in its wildness. Finely graveled roads lead from the city out to various points where a pleasant day may be spent. The city is modern in every way. It has excellent public schools, churches of various denominations, unusually good hotels, electric lighting and water plants, and its sanitary condition is excellent. When the advantages possessed by Escanaba are more widely known it will assuredly become a popular summer resort. NEAR MARQUETTE. 33. MANISTIQUE. A village of over three thousand inhabitants, on the north shore of Lake Michigan at the mouth of the Manistique River, is one of the oldest towns in the Upper Peninsula, is distant ninety miles west from St. Ignace, and is about three hundred miles north from Chicago. The village is the centre of a large region of lakes and rivers, it is within easy access of some of the best hunting grounds in Michigan, and its healthful climate, its beautiful surrounding scenery and the rapid growth of its manufactur- ing and lumbering interests have attracted not only tourists, hunters and fishermen, but business men; and those large numbers of persons to whoni healthful climate is the object of the summer's search. A little over two miles west from the village is Indian Lake, a pretty body of inland water, where fishing and hunting is of the best. Lake Ella is about eighteen miles east, and here also is excellent fishing and shooting. Lying north of Lake Ella and in the western part of Mackinac county is the extensive chain of lakes known as the 34. MANISTIQUE LAKES. A writer in "Outing," in speaking of the Manistique Lakes, says: " We found the Great or North Manistique Lake, like its less expansive southern neighbor, well stocked with all the species of fish indigenous to the waters of Michigan, prominent, if not chief, among which is that staple recipient of the angler's regard—the bass. Here he is in all the distinct yet converging characteristics of tribe, family or what you will—the Oswego bass, or big-mouth black bass, the green or grass bass, the grayling, and with him neighbors of the most unneighborly pattern, the hostile pike, the offcunamiable pickerel and the muskallonge. "Day after day we repaired, under the direction of a most excellent guide, to whom the lakes and rivers in this portion of the State were as familiar as his right hand, to the most promising fishing grounds within our reach, and doubly and trebly our toil and exertions were rewarded by prompt and sure returns. "That few days' sojourn around the Manistique Lakes was memorable, not only for its unalloyed successfulness in angling, but for the delightful change and novelty incident to camp life. In the first place, our camping ground was in the very lap of a wealth of natural beauty and scenic grand- eur. In the foreground was a succession of high, densely-timbered banks, in some instances jutting out into the lake in abrupt, jagged promontories, down the sides of which rills and trout streams sparkled through the emerald foliage, and tumbled into the deep, wide basin of the lake, and on all sides stretched league on league of forest dedicated to the Muse of Solitude, as un- broken today as when ' Creation's dawn beheld.' " The accommodations for visitors at Manistique are ample, consisting of good hotels and boarding houses where the expense is generally less than in the hotels. 51 THE RAPIDS AT SAULT STE. MAR I?;. i *, - PLATE USED 8Y COURTESY OF I What is written of the Manistique district, its fishing and hunting, its climate and its facilities for summer-resorting, might well be said of many localities in the Upper Peninsula, some almost unexplored by the lovers of the rod and gun, some explored and kept from the knowledge of the public by the Indians and the hunters and fishermen who desire to have their haunts undisturbed by the more numerous tourist. It is a local- ity full of possibilities as a summer resort and its interior might well be the scene of the summer vacations of those who, for a short time, desire to return to the habits of the fisherman and the huntsman. Manistique is accessible by the Minnesota, St. Paul & Saulte Ste. Marie Railway, and by lines of boats which traverse the Great Lakes. 35. GROS CAPE. West from St. Ignace, and along the north shore of the Straits of Mackinac, lies a --»«%*"^ picturesque promontory, bristling with cedar and spruce—Gros Cape—and the little ham- let there of about one hundred and fifty inhabitants, the absence of all conventional summer resort attractions, and the general air of restful quiet, attracts a few tourists each year who seek the exhilirating breezes and the good fishing within easy distance of a railroad centre, and wish to escape the annoyance of more crowded resorts. There is no hotel at this point, but the visitors will find accommodation under the hospitable roofs of the inhabitants. 36. HARBOR SPRINGS. Six miles from Bay View, and seven from Petoskey, around the shore of Little Traverse Bay, lies one of the oldest Indian set- tlements in Michigan, and one of the notable summer resorts. It is at the end of a branch of the G. R. & I. R. R., on the north side of the harbor—Wequetonsing—formed by the projection of Harbor Point across the northern part of the bay. Along the water's edge are large springs from which gush streams of clear water of a temperature only 12 to 15 degrees above freezing point. The history of the point is full of interest. Pieces of pottery show that it was perhaps once a stopping place of the ancient mound builders. It was for many years the central point for the payment of annuities, and for ages a favorite camp ground for the Indians. Many curious legends are extant. Strangers always visit the antiquated Catholic church of the Ottawa mission founded more than two hundred years ago by Marquette. The harbor is one of the best natural harbors on Lake Michigan, and is one of the regular ports of entry. The population of the place is about one thousand permanent, which is increased to a considerable extent in the summer months. 52 S PLATE USED BY COURTESY OF THE ROARING BROOK CO. A DISTANT VIEW OF HARBOR POINT. WALK at WEOUETONSING. 37. HARBOR POINT. The Harbor Point Resort, next to Harbor Springs, and opposite Wequetonsing, Roaring Brook, Bay View and Petoskey, is situated on a narrow strip of rolling land which juts out a mile into Little Traverse Bay. While the white sand beach on one side is washed by the restless surf of Little Traverse Bay, the other is lapped by the quiet waters of the beautiful harbor. This nar- row strip of land, scarcely more .than a stone's throw in width belongs to an association who own the lots and cottages, and neither care nor expense has been spared to make the locality most attractive and most beautiful for summer homes. The population, which in the winter seldom exceeds three persons, in the summer generally reaches from seven hundred to one thousand, and consists mostly of cottage owners. The water supply is from artesian wells piped from Harbor Springs to the resort. Bathing, boating and fish- ing here are excellent on the harbor side, and within a few hours' ride is some of the best fishing in Michigan. The hotel or club house, on the Lake Michigan side of the resort has a capacity for two The cottages which line this narrow cape and Picnicking is not allowed on the grounds of the hundred and fifty people, is situated in a fifty acre tract of beautiful woodland which peer from among the trees, are, many of them, very beautiful and costly. association, which are under constant supervision by the caretakers. Harbor Point can be reached by the trains of the Grand Rapids & Indiana Railroad with through sleepers from Cincinnati and St. Louis to Harbor Springs; also via Chicago & West Michigan Railway to Petoskey. Steamers run direct to and from Chicago, connecting with Cleveland and Buffalo steamers at Mackinac Island. i PLATE USED BY COURTESY OF DISTANT VIEW OF HARBOR POINT, FROM ROARING BROOK INN. 38. WEQUETONSING. The Presbyterian resort, Wequetonsing, lies about a mile east of Harbor Springs, and six miles from Petoskey. It takes its name from the Indian name of the harbor which means " harbor of rest;" the aptitude of the name is exemplified in the quiet restfulness of the place, where the grateful shade and picturesque groves of birch give added attraction to the pleasant walks which lead through them, and to the cottages, all of which are cosy, many costly, which have been erected in the midst of the groves. Artesian wells sunk to a depth of from one hundred and fifty to two hundred feet, furnish ample water supply to the summer residents. The winter population is confined to the caretaker and his family, and in the summer from eight hundred to one thousand persons make CLUB HOUSE AT WEQUETONSING. this resort which Is growing yearly the scene of their summer outing. The accommodation for casual visitors and transients is a good hotel and several cottages which may be rented for longer or shorter periods. A number of easily accessible inland lakes furnish good fishing, the gradually deepening beach at the resort makes a safe place for bathing, and the protected nature of the bay makes sailing a favorite pastime. The sur- rounding country, which is productive of fruit and vegetables, makes it possible to live here in a homelike manner without great attendant expense. The resort is accessible by way of the Grand Rapids & Indiana Railroad, and by nearly all of the Lake Michigan boats. St. ROARING BROOK, 39. ROARING BROOK. Situate on Little Traverse Bay adjoin- ing Wequetonsing on the east, two miles from Harbor Springs, and opposite the end of the tongue of land on which are located the grounds of the famous Har- bor Point Association. It takes its name from the Brook, a romping stream of crystal purity, having its rise in numberless springs on the Associa- tion grounds, and winding its way through the thick cedars, birches and hemlocks until at last tumbling over its rocky bed it pours itself into the broad bay. The location offered a piece of virgin forest strikin^y picturesque, and the aim of the Association has been to preserve the natural wilc.ness of the place untouched by art. The grounds comprise about one hund- red and thirty-eight acres. They have a half THE landing. mile frontage on the bay, where their dock and steamboat landing is located. The Grand Rapids & Indiana Railroad runs through this lower portion and has its station on the grounds. They have also a half mile frontage on the bluffs which rise ninety-five feet above the bay. Here the Inn and several cottages are located. From this bluff a commanding view is had of the bay; its grand stretches of shore and the towns, cities and resorts. It is the purpose of the Association to maintain the Inn, and preserve the grounds for the benefit of the members of the Associa- tion and the guests of the Inn; to provide for the sale to suitable persons of the lots along the shore and on the bluff, for the erection of cottages and in general to preserve the character of the enterprise as a place for rest and recreation. 40. BAY VIEW. One mile north and easy of access by steamboat and railroad from Petoskey, overlooking Little Traverse Bay, is located the Bay View Camp Ground Association, often called "The City of Summer Homes." The land on which the camp ground is located, rises in natural terraces from the bay, and affords a beautiful location for the 57 , PLATE USED BY COURTESY OF I A STORMY DAY AT BAY VIEW. cottages, glimpses of which can be seen from the bay through the trees, and which are particularly attractive. The grounds, nicely laid out, with ample parks and play grounds, well supplied with water from cold springs, and lighted by electricity at night, are owned by the Association, and occu- pied by nearly five hundred well-built cottages, besides the hotels, auditorium, and the seven halls of the " Bay View Summer University." This resort, established about twenty-three years ago, was strongly sectarian (Methodist), but in 1886 the Assembly and Summer University was organized on an inter-denominational basis, and is now quite cosmopolitan and apparently immensely popular, both with students and tourists. The Assembly and Summer University is popular as an educational institution, the advantages of the cool, healthful northern climate, the excellent Assembly programs, and the University with a faculty of instructors, in several departments, from different colleges, are regarded as superior. The Chicago & West Michigan and the Grand Rapids & Indiana Railroads, and the Lake Michi- gan steamboat lines make Bay View easy of access from any part of the State. The accommodations for visitors are excellent, two large hotels and moonlight at bay view. numerous boarding houses being sufficient to comfortably lodge the hundreds of tourists who visit the place. 4J. PETOSKEY. Petoskey is situated on the south side of Little Traverse Bay, has a water front of one and a half miles, and extends inland about the same distance. The bay is here enclosed by hills that approach the water in a succession of natural terraces which, hav- ing apparently been crowded back from the water's edge by the formative process, arranged themselves into one vast amphitheater, the highest having an elevation of over two hundred feet above the surface of the bay. In the center of this stands Petoskey. Beginning about fifty feet above the water, the ground rises gradually in all directions to the limits of the town, thus giving an unobstructed sweep to the cool and invigorating breezes, and opening to all the beautiful views of the lake, bay and shores. From the south, Bear Creek comes tumbling down through a deep gorge to the bay near the old Indian council grounds. The current of this stream is thcs plate used by cojrtes» of Michigan central r. r. very rapid, and the excellent water-power has been utilized for various manufactures, and for the motive power of the water-works system, which furnishes the town with water from artesian wells. This place, named after the Indian chief, Ignatius Petoskey, made its start in 1874, when the G. R. & I. Railroad was completed to Little Traverse Bay, and has a permanent population of , . ,- ~ ti a .... ,. . .. .. , , . . ... ' „ y e inaians Meshamacopmg is located, on the shore of Carp Lake and within the corporate limits of Leland village, and here the fariliHoe t^ k"*A of ingress and .ri^?}>, ^ ~J»' ^^W^fl^M'J- "-1&&, . egress for this unexcelled hunting and fishing ground. The accomoda- tions for visitors are unpretentious, but the hospitable homes of the residents are sometimes opened for the accommodation of tour- ists and hunters. 70-74. " THE INLAND ROUTE." An enthusiastic writer in speaking of the Inland Route says "Nothing short of a trip through the heart of Florida can compare 93 IN NORTHERN MICHIGAN. to this wonderfully novel route by crooked rivers and lovely lakes." From Mackinac Island across the Straits to Cheboygan, thence through a series of wood-girded lakes and narrow winding streams, which make their tortuous course through picturesque woodland, to the City of Petoskey and Lake Michigan, is a trip well worth the time it occupies and one long to be remembered. After leaving Cheboygan, by the crooked river of the same name, the route leads past mills and logging booms and through the locks, for a distance of six miles to Mullett Lake. 70. MULLETT LAKE. Mullett Lake, a body of water twelve miles long and five wide, surrounded by picturesque woodland shores, dotted with club house, cottages and camps, which peer from eyrie nooks in its wooded banks. Near the entrance to the lake is the Pine Grove Re- sort, a little hamlet on the Michigan Central Railroad, with a winter population of one hundred, and a few summer cottages, whose occupiers, together with the club house habitants, swell the population to about two hundred and fifty. 1\, TOPINABEE. Topinabee, further down the lake, twelve miles south of Cheboygan, also on the Michigan Central Railroad and about two miles distant from Burt Lake on the east; in a region thickly timbered with pines, spruce and balsam, and with fishing, bathing and boat- ing in the summer and shooting in the winter, is a popular stopping place for Inland Route visitors. The water supply here is from springs and flowing wells and is slightly tinctured with iron. The population is thirty in the winter and about three hundred in the summer. Here the Northern Hay-Fever Resort Association has its headquarters and a num- ber of cottages. There is an excellent hotel here and ample accommodations for visitors. From Topinabee the route continues through the winding Indian River, across the lower end of Burt Lake, and down Crooked River, a narrow tortuous stream, down which the Inland Steamers, by a series of twists, turns, stops and writhings, finally reach Crooked Lake, where after a run of three miles down picturesque shores, along the north of the lake, terminates the lake portion of the trip at Oden. 72. ODEN. From Oden a dummy line of steam cars carries passengers to Petoskey. The Inland Route is accessible from Mackinaw Island by boat; many of its prominent points are reached by the Michigan Central Railroad; the dummy line from Petoskey to Oden places it in connection with the Lake Michigan steamboats, and the Grand Rapids & Indiana and the Chicago & West Michigan Railroads. 73. BURT LAKE. Sager's, in the northern part of the Lower Peninsula, five miles from Alanson, a station on the Chicago & West Michigan Rail- 94 road, is one of the resorts on Burt Lake, and is on the " Inland Route." The winter population consists of the proprietor and his family; and in the summer an average of twenty-five resorters take advantage of the excellent climate and the attractive surroundings. The lake itself is situated in the central part of Cheboygan county and is a beautiful body of inland water. The surrounding country is productive of fruits and vegetables, the water supply is of a mineral nature and taken from drive wells. One plain resort hotel offers sufficient accom- modations to visitors, and the excellent fishing, bathing and boating make the place one of sufficient attractions to well reward the visitor's journey. Besides being accessible on the " Inland Route " steamers it can be reached by wagon road from Alanson. 74. THE ARGONAUT HUNTING AND FISHING CLUB. This club's reservation, on the south shore of Burt Lake, a body of water about nine miles long and four wide, in the northeast part of Cheboygan county, is a locality especially desirable for hunting and fishing. It is a private resort on the Michigan Central Railroad, and is reached by the "Inland Route" of steamboats. The number of summer visitors averages about one hundred and fifty and the accom- modations are good. 75. BLACK LAKE. Twelve miles southeast of Cheboygan, and accessible by means of a tri-weekly stage, lies Black Lake, a body of fresh water seven miles lono- with an average width of three miles, along the northeast shore of which the scenery is particularly picturesque, the high, rugged hills, rising almost in rude magnificence, bearded with pine and hem- lock, and the small rapid rivers make a resort locality well worth the journey. This locality is especially desirable for excellent fishing'and hunt- 95 ing; mttskallonge, pike, pickerel, bass and perch are plentiful, and deer and black bear are often seen, while part- ridge hunting is good in season. The lake itself is almost totally surrounded by timber of all kinds. Two resorts, the MacKinnon and the R. J. Taylor resorts, furnish ample accommodations for visitors, although there is no hotel proper on the lake. The resorters are largely composed of people from Ohio and Indiana, and the summer population varies from one hundred to two hundred. It can be reached by the Michigan Central Rail- road, or the Detroit and Cleveland boats to Cheboygan, and from thence by stage. 76. LONG LAKE. (ALPENA COUNTY.) Across the line which separates Alpena and Presque Isle countie-, and lying about half in each, is Long Lake, about eight miles from the City of Alpena, and accessible therefrom by wagon road. This body of water is eight miles long and two miles wide, and its sand and gravel beach makes an excellent place for bathing; and a large number of sailing craft attest to the quality of the sailing. Fishing also is good—black bass, perch and 96 pickerel being the chief varieties of game fish. One good hotel and numer- ous cottages afford good accommodation for visitors, and the farm houses adja- cent to the lake offer attractions to seekers for rest and rural quiet under their hospitable roofs. The winter population is about forty, and in sum- mer the average number of people there is about two hundred. The water supply is pumped from the lake. 77-79. TORCH LAKE. Torch Lake, in the western part of Antrim county, running nearly par- allel with the shore of Grand Traverse Bay for a distance of nearly eighteen miles, has, along its banks a number of small hamlets which are popular as summer resorts. The north end of the lake though very near the waters of the bay, and separated therefrom only by a narrow strip of land, is sur- rounded by woods, and has in the near vicinity other lakes, trout streams and places attractive to the hunter and fisher. The shore of the lake is sur- rounded generally by wooded country, dotted here and there by a hamlet, and in the summer months by the camps of resorters. The small tributary streams and the brooks which flow AN INLAND LAKE SCENE. -INOIS ENGRAVING CO. through the neighboring woodland country are plentifully supplied with trout, and the lake itself is well stocked with pike, pickerel, bass, perch,- and all the varieties of fish known to the inland lakes. Boating, bathing and the other attractions which draw summer tourists are here. There are villages and resorts along the shores of this body of water and the adjacent streams and lakes, some of which are reported in more detail as to the facilities which Torch Lake possesses as a summer resort. 78. CAMP AUSTIN. Lone Tree point is a peninsula on'the east side of Torch Lake, in Antrim county, and on this point is a reservation of about forty acres set off for resort purposes and called Camp Austin. This resort was established in 1897 and promises to be successful. The boating and bathing are excellent, and the fishing is reported as being good. Within easy sailing or rowing distance are several trout streams—Rapid River, Barker Creek, Cedar River and Spencer Creek. The water supply at Camp Ausin is from a well and is believed to have desirable mineral qualities. The hotel furnishes limited but good accommodation for visitors, and is accessible by the Chicago & West Michigan Railroad and by boats from Elk Rapids. 79. ALDEN. Torch Lake, upon whose shores so many pleasant resorts are located, furnishes to the summer tourist still another attractive locality where summer vacations may be spent. The village of Alden, with a population during the summer of nearly five hundred, is a pretty village, with numerous facilities for entertaining summer visitors and with attractions enough of itself to make it a pleas- ant place for summer residence. The fishing here and in numerous streams within easy reach is good, bathing is a favorite recreation with the visitors, and the sufficiently long stretch of water makes boating of nearly all kinds an exhilarating sport. The accommo- dations for visitors consist in a good hotel, cottages and the homes of the permanent residents. The village of Alden is about twenty-five miles north of Traverse City, and is reached by the Chicago & West Michigan Rail- road, as well as by the line of small boats which ply the chain of lakes of which Torch Lake is one. 80. TRAVERSE LAKE RESORT. Traverse Lake is situated about a mile south of Good Harbor Bay, in Leelanau county, and is a locality adapted for rest and the combined advantages of the lake breeze and the quiet inland surroundings. The place does not boast of a resort hotel, but the hospitable home of the proprietor is available for visitors. The fishing is good, and the usual varieties of hsh are plentiful, both at this place and the numerous lakes within easy distance from it; bathing, boating are equally good; and in the season limiting may be had. The resort is accessible by wagon road from Maple City and from Solon, a station on the Manistee & Northeastern Railroad. 97 126. BEAR LAKE. Seven miles south of Petoskey, a branch of the Grand Rapids & Indiana Railway leaves the main line near Clarion and extends directly to the shore of Bear Lake. This lake, surrounded by high, rolling grounds has a picturesque location and is a favorite resort for fishermen. During the tourist season several daily trains are run to and from Petoskey connecting with the steamer Walloon, which makes the circuit of the lake—a pleasant trip for excursion parties. The Hotel Mizer furnishes accommo- ations, and boats, fishing tackle, etc., can be obtained. 81. HIGGIN'S LAKE. Lying across the southern line of Crawford county, but mostly in the northwestern part of Roscommon county, is the picturesque body of water, eight miles long and four wide, known as Higgi'n's Lake. The lake is set in a rugged border of jack pine and scrub oak clearings, with the exception of the land lying along the northwest shore, which is covered with a dense growth of virgin pine wood and along the northeast shore are a number of cottages built for the most part by residents of Saginaw and Bay City, who are largely interested in the resort, which is a private one. The surrounding country is flat except along the southwest, where hills rise abruptly • - from the shores of the lake, and covered with wood and underbrush present a view ruggedly picturesque. In the middle of the lake a pretty island breaks the monotony of the perspective, and here for a long time lived the hermit, whose residence there had almost become traditional, and of whom romantic tales found credence. The fishing in Higgin's Lake is excellent, the beach in most part well adapted to bathing, and a broad course, and generally good winds, make sailing a popular and exhilarating sport. Besides the excellence of the fishing, game is abundant in the immediate vicinity, and the feathered tribes as well as deer and even bear are often shot through the winter. The place is acces- sible on the Michigan Central Railway to Roscommon and from thence by wagon road. 82. THE RAINBOW CLUB. On the Au Sable River, one a distance of six miles and the other fifteen miles down the river from the village of Grayling, are the headquarters of the Rainbow Club. Picturesque and rude 98 BEAR LAKE. THIS PLATE USED BY COURTESY OF 0. «• » Si log structures, composed of cedar blocks and mortar, in the midst of°a region famous for fishing and shooting, this club, limited, how- ever, to its members, is a paradise for the lovers of the rod and gun. Speckled and rainbow trout and grayling are the principal varieties of fish, and the surrounding woods abound in feathery game, and indeed, often larger game. The scenery is rugged and wild; cedar and tamarack as well as birch and maple groves and wood, broken by frequent farms where vegetables can be obtained, give the place the air of original wilderness, and at the same time furnish such provision as is necessary. The water supply is from springs. 83. THE FONTINALIS CLUB. derbilt, Otsego county. The trout preserve of the Fontinalis Club, in the midst : , of a pine barren and fine maple-' and hemlock "" woodland, is located five miles notheast of Van- The principal attractions are the woods, the trout streams, and the complete isolation from anything which would interfere with complete quiet and rest. The buildings consist of log houses, three in number, and are open only to members of the club, their families and friends. Five miles of trout streams, under the care of the keeper, who is in charge of the hatcheries, is a sufficient attraction to lovers of the sport of trout fishing and shooting. This club is accessible by way of the Michigan Central Railroad to Vander- bilt, and from there by wagon road, through a rugged, picturesque country, which alone is delightful to the lover of nature. 84. BALDWIN. The village of Baldwin, with a population of about six hundred, in the southern THIS PLATE USED BY COURTESY OF ON THE AU SABLE RIVER. part of Lake county, on the line of the Flint & Pere Marquette and the Chicago & West Michigan Railroads, is well situated in the midst of lakes and trout streams to be a very attractive place to fishermen, and, indeed, to any person seeking rest and quiet; and the disciples of Izaak Walton find few better localities to ply the rod. Within a half hour's drive from the village are eight or nine lakes, all of which are pleasant, and most of them are well stocked with fish. Several trout streams, one of which runs through the village, offer further opportunities for excellent sport. The nature of the country, dotted alternately with woodland, lakes, trout streams and farms, is particularly picturesque and rugged. Within a short distance from the vil- lage, on the Pere Marquette River, is the " Greenwood Fishing Club," and on Kine Creek is the "Pere Marquette Club," both of which have attractive locations and each of which is well in reach of good trout fishing. The water supply of the village is from drive wells; and being in the eastern fruit belt there is always a ^^^^mm. ^ good supply of both fruit and vegetables. The four ^^Hk sS^SKi^i^J1ote1s can accom- modate a goodly number of .^41 S^^^KE J^Jtj^. visitors. 85. CRYSTAL LAKE. ■LATE USED BY COURIESY OF THE D 4 C. NAVIGATION CO. 86. BEULAH. Beulah, in Benzie county, on the southeast shore of the beautiful inland body of water, Crystal Lake, about ten miles long and three wide, is a village of about two hundred permanent population, which, in the summer is increased to about four hundred by the summer resorters. The village is on the Toledo & Ann Arbor Railroad, ten miles east of Frankfort, and is in the western Michigan fruit belt, surrounded by an excellent farm and fruit-raising country, where fruit and vegetables are plentiful and cheap. As a summer resort, Beulah presents the usual advantages of inland lake resort localities, good fishing, boating and bathin"-. The water supply is from springs and artesian wells, in which iron is a noticeable component. A good hotel affords ample accommodations for visitors. A MICHIGAN BROOK. ++s* 87. LAKE CITY. Lake City, a village with a population of twelve hundred, which is increased somewhat during the summer months, is situated on the east shore of Muskrat Lake, in the west central part, and is the county seat of Missaukee county. The attractions of the village as a summer resort are: the lake on whose shore it is located, the fishing which for the most part consists in bass and perch in the lake and trout in the neighboring streams, and the fruit and vegetables which are plentiful in the surrounding country. The place is reached by the Missaukee branch of the Grand Rapids & Indiana Railroad. 88. BASS LAKE PARK. On the west shore of Bass Lake, a body of water in Mason county, two miles long and a mile wide, lying parallel with and emp' tying into Lake Michigan, Bass Lake Park, a piece of picturesque woodland comprising eighty acres, is cleared, platted, and made desirable for cottages and camps. The general attractiveness of the place, its proximity to Lake Michigan, the excellent boating, bathing and trout and bass fishing in the inland lake, as well as the cheapness of the property and the possibility of living at a reasonable expense, make it desirable especially to persons who desire to avoid expensive summer homes. The Park is not on the line of the railroads, but can be reached by way of Pentwater, which is four miles south on the Chicago li West Michigan Railway, and from Ludington, eight miles north on the Flint & Pere Marquette and Mason & Oceana Railroads. The large dining hall on the grounds offers accommodations for the campers and cottages. 89. RUSH LAKE. Rush Lake is in the northern part of Huron county, about one mile from Saginaw Bay, and four and one-half miles northwest of Pinnebog. The nearest railroad station is Caseville, about five miles east on the Pontiac, Oxford & Northern; and Kinde, on the Flint & Pere Marquette, is about seven miles distant. Fishing, boating and bathing are good, and in season some excellent shoot- ing may be had. 90. LITTLEFIELD LAKE. In the northwest corner of Isabella county is located Littlefield Lake, a considerable inland body .ting make it attractive for visitors, and the surrounding farming country a pleasant settin"- for tl extensive resorting, Littlefield Lake is a pleasant place for campers and fishine- oarties It is • .' of water, where the fishing and boating make it attractive for visitors, and the surrounding farming country a pleasant setting for the lake. Without the facilities for extensive resorting, Littlefield Lake is a pleasant place for campers and fishing parties. It is accessible by the Flint & Pere Marquette and the Ann Arbor Railroads. J 25. OAKLAND BEACH, HESS LAKE. [ess Lake, situated two miles from the village of Newaygo, in Newaygo county, and reached by the Chicago & West Michig 104 %'•■%* STATE CAPITOL- Railroad to Newaygo, and by wagon road through a beautiful stretch of country, is a pretty and attractive body of water. Oakland Beach, situated on the north end of the lake, which is three miles long and two wide, is the principal resort. At this point, and along the east banks of the lake, the clean sandy beach, with a gentle slope for a long distance, makes an excellent place for women and children to bathe in safety. The fishing is good, bass, perch, and kindred varieties being the kinds caught in the greatest num- bers. The boating, and there is nearly every sort of inland lake water craft which can be had for rent, is excellent, and the breeze, which has a clean sweep of the lake, makes sailing a favorite sport. The sanitary condition of the lake is reported to be carefully looked after by the managers of the resort and cottage owners; the water supply is from drive wells and is slightly mineral. About five hundred people come to this resort every year, largely from Chicago, Indianapolis and Grand Rapids, many of whom are cottage owners. One good hotel, and cottages which may be rented by the year or shorter term, furnish accommodations for visitors. 127. LANSING. The capital of any state is usually an object of curiosity and the objective point of visitors and tourists who are interested in the political and historical movements of the commonwealth, for there is concentrated the heart of the political organization and the directing power of the state government. Lansing, the capital city of Michigan, located in the county of Ingham, is nearly in the centre of the lower peninsula, and is well situated, geographically, for the purposes of state government. It is a thriving city of nearly twenty thousand inhabitants; it has wide, shady streets, the trees being so planted as to make three vistas in each street along which one can look. There are beautiful private residences, imposing city and government buildings, and towering above all, and easily visible for miles distant, is the tall grey dome of the capitol building. Electric lights, sewers and the water works system, by which water is taken from wells and distributed over the city, make a healthy, desirable place for residence, while the public schools, libraries and churches, excellently conducted by acknowledged talent, completes that which goes to make a city desirable and beautiful. The State institutions, which besides the State capitol building, are located within the corporate limits of the city are the School for the Blind, and the Industrial School for Boys, while outside the city limits, and connected with the main part of the city by the electric street car system, lies the beautiful campus, the picturesque buildings and the unsurpassed farm of the State Agricultural College. A beautiful village of itself, with an attendance of four hundred and eighty students, with its excellent faculty and competent instructors, with 106 SEBSSttoaL ' 'v.v-v "•■~^3:c -..y ■■v^M :r,'**':''r^p|H H».'^. .C jawiE»dfc^':s .^i •*- i-ria^'"" 3rf&" "*: " • ^ -<;^9| t ' -;"' ■ r->• "l'S*?: V^^Sjflj BHPJSS^^* ^■■i^ww8^**-,^iS4w :*i-4*rf25&*tfl"^:r? : ► $? v,; VIEW ON CAMPUS AT MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL COLEEGE. surrounding grounds, which for beauty of location and tastefulness of arrangement cannot be excelled, the Agricultural College, and farm, make a most attractive place for the visitor; and a trip to the capital is not complete without viewing these picturesque grounds. The land contained in the campus at the Agricultural College consists of forty acres, and the adjoining farms and adja- cent lands of six hundred and thirty-six acres more. Nearly all forest trees common to this section of the country, and nearly, if not all the vegetables, plants and flowers are here grown. Cattle particularly desirable for farming purposes, and other of the domestic animals are raised and experimented with, and one of the factors which makes Michigan farms so profitable and attractive is the knowledge obtained at this school. Among its students have been the sons of governors of other states than Michigan, and of at least one president of the United States. Because of the Agricultural College, the State School for the Blind, the State Industrial School for Boys and the State Capitol, Lansing is a summer resort to which special excursion trains are run from neighboring states. 9U SEVEN ISLANDS. On the Grand river, in Eaton county, twelve miles west from Lansing, is a picturesque bit of scenery, consisting of sandstone ledges which rise precipitately from the water's edge, probably suggesting the name of the city which is located there, Grand Ledge. The Grand River at this point is broken by seven islands, and on one of them is located a hotel which is the objective point of a large number of picnickers and excursionists daily. The place itself, situated along the banks of the river is a pretty city with about three thousand inhabitants, surrounded by an excellent farming country; and the resort, which is within the corporate limits of the city, is closed in the winter, but in the summer the attendance is often as high as six "hundred daily, for a period of three months. The water supply, with which the locality is especially favored is from flowing artesian wells and is of excellent quality, and the locality is easily accessible by the Detroit, Grand Rapids & Western Railroad. 124. WHITMORE LAKE. Whitmore Lake, in Livingston county, on the Ann Arbor Railroad, eleven miles north of Ann Arbor, is a pleasant little lake, with a hamlet reaching- along its shore, and it is a favorite place for picnickers and excursionists, who come in large numbers dur- ing the summer months to take advantage of the fishing, bathing and boating, all of which are excellent here. This lake is but one of a large number of lakes in Livingston county and in the adjoining county of Washtenaw, which are attractive and popular as resorts, and a series of lakes in this vicinity including Lake George, Zukie Lake, Long Lake, Portage Lake, Pleasant Lake and Silver Lake, are all pleasant, easily accessible lakes. Those resort localities, lying along the line of the Ann Arbor Railroad, are popular with Toledo people, who take advantage of the excursions to spend a day of rest and quiet on the shady shores of these pretty little lakes. The summer population of these lakes is varying, and generally consists of the excursionists and picnickers who frequent the place; although along the banks of all of them, cottages, plain and unassuming, but commodious and pleasant, furnish accommo- K'8 dations for summer residents. Nearly all kinds of water craft may be had at any of the several lakes mentioned; bathing is a fav- orite recreation with the visitors; fishing is another excellent sport and much indulged in. The surrounding country is an excellent farming community, and the orchards, gardens, and fields of grain are well worth a drive on the good roads which cross the vicinity. 120. ISLAND LAKE. Island Lake, in the southern part of Livingston county, near the village of Brighton, is one of several lakes in that vicinity, which are popular picnic resorts, good fishing grounds and in several localities the site of pretty summer cottages and hotels. Island Lake, surrounded by flat upland meadow country, somewhat above the level of the lake, has been for some time the loca- tion of the yearly encampment of the Michigan National Guards. The immediate shores of the lake are covered with a growth of hardwood, and on the southwest a pretty grove makes an excellent place for picnickers. During the month when the National Guard of Michigan is in camp, it is a favorite place for excursions; and the tented tract of ground with the lakes in close proximity offers combined attractions. Aside from the National Guard encampment, the lake is a pleasant, well-shaded piece of water, the fishing, although not plentiful still offers some attraction to the angler, and row boats and a small steamer are for the use of resorters. The resort is accessible by the Detroit, Grand Rapids & Western Railroad. 92. LONG LAKE. (GENESEE COUNTY.) In the center of an excellent farming community and surrounded by more or less dense groves of hardwood, the pretty body of water, Long Lake, which the Indian tradition says is "guarded by the spirit of a Sachem of one of the old tribes who inhabited that vicinity, and that no one will be allowed to be drowned therein," makes a desirable resort for the residents of the neighboring cities and villages. The shores, where the beach slopes gently for many yards, making a safe place for children to bathe or play in the clean sand, is lined with cottages and camps of resorters, and the topography of the country gives a clean play for the north and west wind, which is usually steady, and the sailing is a favorite sport. The number of resorters at this lake varies from one to three hundred during the warm months, and though there is no hotel proper, there are several places where visitors are well accommodated, and the place is a favorite one for campers. A number of cottages are pretty and some elaborate. The fishing in Long Lake and in the smaller ones in the neighborhood, is good, and the water supply is from drive wells and springs, which are supposed to feed the lake. 93. OAR LAKE. In Livingston county, and in the midst of good farming and excellent fruit country, the little sheet of water, Oar Lake, is the seat of the " Oar Lake Outing Club," organized for the purpose of general summer outing, and composed largely of Lansing peo- 109 pie. The attractions at Oar Lake consist largely in the fishing; and pickerel, bass, perch and other similar varieties are abundant. The means of reaching Oar Lake are the Detroit, Grand Rapids & Western to Brighton, and the Ann Arbor Railroad to Ham- burg, and thence by carriage to the lake. 94. MERLE BEACH. In the southern part of Clinton county, thirteen miles from Lansing, and seven from St. Johns, the little body of water known as Muskrat Lake, with its comfortable rustic hotel and healthful country surroundings, makes an excellent picnic ground; and even for a considerable length of time might offer many attractions as a resort. 95, PINE LAKE. More of a picnic ground than a summer resort, and a pleasant place and popular with the neighboring district, is the little lake near Olivet, Eaton county, called Pine Lake. The accommodations for visitors consist only in what they bring, with the exception of the hospitable home of the proprietor. The place is a pretty, shady place, where the fishing is fair and the surroundings conducive to quiet and pf rest. U9. ORCHARD LAKE, PINE LAKE, CASS LAKE, SYLVAN LAKE AND LONG LAKE. These lakes, within a radius of five miles, and none of them farther distant from the city of Pontiac, Oakland county, than five miles, comprise a chain of lakes which has become popular as a summer resort. The largest, Cass Lake, is three and one-half miles long by one-half mile wide, across the road from which and con- nected by a small culvert or ditch, is Orchard lake, where the Michigan Mili- ORCHARD LAKE. MILITARY ACADEMY. BETWEEN THE LAKES. tary Academy is located. The shores of these lakes as well as those of Sylvan and Pine lakes, are connected with the city of Pon- tiac by means of a street car service. Along the banks of all these lakes are substantial cottages, for the most part owned and occupied during the summer by residents of neighboring towns and cities, and, perhaps in all about five hundred cottages attest to the attractions that these lakes hold out to summer residents. At Orchard lake an excellent hotel offers accommodations to tran- sient visitors; and besides Michigan's popular Military Academy, the lake is well worth visiting. Other hotels along the banks of these lakes offer excellent accommodations, and during the summer months as many, often, as five hundred campers pitch their white tents along the shores where the shady groves and sufficient elevation give pleasant perspective to the outlook, and a con- venient opportunity for the breeze to reach the camps. These lakes are all accessible by car lines from Pontiac, where they connect with the Pontiac, Oxford & Northern, the Detroit, Grand Haven & Milwaukee and the Michigan Air Line of the Grand Trunk Railroad. Orchard Lake and Sylvan Lake are also stations on the Air Line of the Grand Trunk Railroad. ill 96. LAKE CORA. Lake Cora is located in the south central part of Van Buren county, and is easy of access from Chicago, being on the South Haven & Eastern Railroad, twenty miles from Kalamazoo; and, with its attractive surroundings and facilities for bathing, fishing and boating, it has become popular as a summer resort. The lake itself is surrounded by high banks, and fringed with forest trees of oak, and the gently sloping banks and clean sand beach make an excellent place for children and women to bathe with safety. The water supply is from dug wells, from which min- eral water is pumped to the hotel, a three-story wood building, which, with the adjoining cottages, gives ample accommodations to visitors. Fruit and vegetables as well as all farm products are plentiful in the vicinity which is excellent farming country, and the locality upon which the resort is located is itself an attractive farm. In winter the population is about fifty-two, which is increased during the summer to an average of one hundred and seventy-five. LAKE CORA. 128. DUCK LAKE. Duck Lake, in the southwestern part of Calhoun county, twelve miles from the village of Albion, and on the proposed line of the Toledo & Northern, is a body of water one and one-half miles long and one-half mile wide, noted for its excellent fishing It is frequented by neighboring residents and by people from Albion, Marshall and Battle Creek, who own the pretty cottages which dot the shores along the east and west of the lake, where the shady groves of oak and hardwood make a pleasant setting for the unas- suming buildings, and for the tents of the campers who come in considerable numbers during the summer months Two house boats on the lake, make a novel and romantic summer residence for their owners, and attract the curiosity of the uninitiated The facilities for boating and bathing are good. makes a good place for women and children to bath The water supply, with which the place is especi ox LAKE CORA. The shallow beach, which is sandy and which slopes gently to deep water, e without fear of danger; and a toboggan slide enlivens the sport of bathing. ally favored, is from drive wells and of mineral qualities, which, though as yet not analyzed, are hoped to possess some desirable curative qualities. The principle varieties of fish are bass, perch, pickerel and kindred varieties. A good summer hotel, and cottages which may be rented, furnish accommodations for visitors. 98. VANDERCOOK'S LAKE. Three and one-half miles south of the city of Jackson, Vandercook's Lake is a quiet, wood-skirted body of water, where in the summer months the cottages and camps of resorters testify to its popularity among the people of the vicinity. It is used more as a large picnic ground than as a place for summer residences, though cottages may be rented and a pleasant summer may be spent here. The groves are mostly of oak, which grow, in many places, almost to the waters edge, and make a cool shady spot for cottagers. The fishing is confined to bass, pike and pickerel. The lake is surrounded by excellent farming country, and all kinds of fruit and vegetables are plentiful. The resort is accessible from Jackson by wagon road, and from whence an excellent cycle path has been built. 97. PAW PAW LAKE. Paw Paw Lake at almost the northern extremity of Berrien county, a mile and a half from Watervliet, is a pretty little lake three miles long and a mile and a half wide, along the shores of which are nearly three hundred cottages most of which are owned by Chicago people, with whom the place is evidently a favorite resort. The black bass fishing here is excellent, the facilities for bathing are good, and the sailing and boating generally is an exhilerating amusement. There are two modest hotels which furnish accom- modations for a limited number of guests, and another and larger hotel is in prospect. The resort is accessible by the South Haven & Eastern Railroad to Watervliet, and from thence by wagon road. 113 99, BERRIEN SPRINGS. Berrien Springs, a homelike, substantial village of one thousand inhabitants, is picturesquely located on the bluff overlooking the St. Joseph river, twenty-five miles from its mouth, and in the centre of a rich farming and fruit district. " It is the site of one of the forts built by LaSalle in 1679, being one of a chain of forts which he proposed building on the lakes and rivers that would bind the great valleys of the west together, thus germinating a plan to secure the whole country to France. J ust above the town are the ' Indian Fields,' which have been converted into a park, with beautiful drives and walks. The Fields still retain the footprints of barbaric life, and many curious specimens of pottery have been found which are of such ancient type that it is suspected that this was the site of one of the very ancient Aztec vil- lages. The town receives its name from the numerous springs in the vicinity. Sulphur and chalybeate springs and other mineral waters are abundant; and lie open to the free use of all who come to partake of their virtues."—Elkhart Ob- server. The steamers of the Graham & Morton Tran- sportation Co., the Chicago, St. Joseph & Benton Harbor Transportation Co., plying between Chi- cago and the mouth of the St. Joseph river, make direct connections with trains on the Big Four Railway, and a fifteen mile ride through vineyards and orchards brings tourists to Berrien Centre, thence a three mile drive to Berrien Springs. Some may prefer the ride up the river by steamboat which leaves St. Joseph every morning except Saturday for this place. The river is a winding one past fruit farms, field, meadow, and forest, with banks now low and wide, with grassy slopes or dense forest, then high, precipitous bluffs, passing in quick succession, a ride of twenty-five miles. The all rail route, Chicago to AT pAW pAW take ' COURTESY OF C. . VIEWS NEAR BERRIEN SPRINGS. Berrien Springs, is by Michigan Central to Niles, thence by Big Four to Berrien Centre. 129. BARRON LAKE RESORT. Barron Lake Resort, in the southwestern part of the State, about three and one-half miles from the thriving vil- lage of Niles, and on the Air Line Division of the Michigan Central Railroad, has a summer population of nearly two hundred people, and has summer hotels, pretty cottages, and all the facilities for summer residence and enjoyable resorting. Surrounded by high ground, which in several places rises to moderate prominence, covered by a growth of oak which lends a grateful shade to the resorts, and an added attractiveness to the whole perspective, the lake is a desirable place, not only for the number of public and private cottages which dot the woodland banks, but for the tents of the campers, whose white roofs are always conspicuous among the trees during the summer months. The water supply is from drive wells. The bathing and BERRIEN SPRINGS. boating are good, dressing rooms are available for the bathers, and the shallow water at the gently receding shore makes an especially desirable place for women and children to bathe. Boats of almost any kind may be hired, and there is ample room for a n-ood sailing course. The principal varieties of fish are bass and perch, and other inland fish are caught. Fruit and vegetables are plentiful and cheap in the surrounding country, and fresh butter and eggs are always easily secured from the neighboring farmers. 100. CLEAR LAKE. Clear Lake, a picturesque little body of water in the southern part of Berrien county, is only a few miles from the southern boundary of the State, and is on the Michigan Central and the Milwaukee, Benton Harbor & Columbus Railroads. The boating, bathing and fishing, and all facilities for pleasurable resorting are excellent, and the oak, beech, maple and small pine woodland gives the locality added attraction in the cool, shady groves that surround the lake. A steam launch and first-rate sail boats add to the attractions. The water supply is from a well, and the accommodations for resorters are an excellent hotel, and cottages which may be rented. lit 101. DIAMOND LAKE. Within easy access of Chicago, on the Air Line Division of the Michigan Central and Chicago & Grand Trunk Railroads, Diamond Lake is two miles east of Cassopolis. The lake is an attractive body of water sur- rounded by hardwood groves and pleasant shores. The fishing is principally black bass, and the sloping beach and comfort- able water make bathing a safe and pleas- ant recreation. Forest Hall, the principal resort, upon the banks of the lake and on the west end is near the station of the same name. It is located on high, dry land, and surrounded by a grove of hardwood trees. Sandy Beach station, on the east end of the lake, is another resort, and a pleasant attractive place for visitors. Boats, fishing tackle and other implements for sport or pleasure may be had here. The accommoda- tions for visitors are the hotels at the two resorts, and cottages which may be rented for the summer or shorter periods. 116. COLD WATER LAKE. With its two pretty resorts, Sans Souci, on the east shore of the lake, and ten miles south of Cotdwater, and C^-stal Beach, on the north end of the lake, eight miles from Coldwater, Coldwater Lake is a pretty body of water about three miles long and one and a half miles wide, lying in the southeastern part of Branch county. The low bluffs and hills which rise somewhat abruptly from the waters edge, are well wooded on the north and west banks of the lake, and shaded by small groves on the east; and the shore, which slopes gently from the banks, is RIVER SCENE ON ST. JO RIVER. ' COURTESY < VIEW AT DIAMOND LAKE. sand and gravel and makes an excellent place for bathing where children may go with safety. In the middle of the lake a wooded island is an attractive and picturesque relief. Sans Souci, on the east shore of the lake is a very attractive locality, located on high banks and well shaded by the groves of hardwood, containing a number of cottages, which if not elegant are commodious and pretty. Crystal Beach, too, at the north end of the lake, is a pleasant and attractive locality, being well shaded, and favored with a gently sloping shore, and is sufficiently high to command the view and to get the benefit of the circulation of air. The lake offers a good sailing course, and all kinds of sailing craft may be had for hire. The fishing is good and consists in bass, perch, pickerel and kindred fish. The water supply is pure and cold and is taken from drive wells. About four hundred persons take advantage of this locality during the summer months. The lake is accessible by the Lake Shore Railway to Cold- water, and from thence by wagon road. 118. MARBLE LAKE. Marble Lake, in Quincy township, Branch county, accessible from Coldwater and Quincy by wagon road and bicycle paths, is a pleasant resort, where fishing is good, boating a favorite sport and where the high, shady banks, plentiful with original hardwood groves, pleasant, cosy cottages and plain but ample summer hotels offers a delightful retreat from the heat of a summer in the city or town. All the attractions of a pleasant, easily accessible lake, pure water and good sport can be found here. 117. MORRISONS LAKE. Three miles north of Coldwater, and accessible from that place by a good wagon road which runs between Union City and Cold- water and excellent bicycle paths from the latter place, Morrison's Lake is a pleasant place for summer rest and diversion. The high wooded banks and the plentiful shade on the east side of the lake make a picturesque locality for the resort, Templar Beach, whose twenty-five cottages dotted here and there in the grove, and the white tents of the camping parties, makes a very seductive sight for persons seeking rest and comfort at some body of inland water. The fishiug is good, and the opportunities for bathing and boating are excellent. 121. BAW BEESE LAKE. A portion of this lake lies within the corporate limits of the city of Hillsdale; it is nearly two miles long and three-quarters of a mile wide, and it has been made attractive to summer resorters and picnickers by improvements in the way of hotel, pavilion, toboggan slide and bath houses. The Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railroad have made several of the improvements at this place, and it runs excursions here frequently. Opposite the city, and across the lake from the hotel, about thirty cottages, owned by the residents of Hillsdale, offer attractions to those more quietly inclined. The average number of summer visitors is about one hundred and fifty. The water supply is from wells. The lake was named after Chief Baw Beese, who, the Indian tradition says, 118 in a fit of anger killed his beautiful daughter because she fell in love with a white man, and threw her body into the lake. The first cottage built at the lake was called Winona, after the Indian girl. 102. EVANS LAKE. Evans Lake is in the northern part of Lenawee county, and one of a number of lakes in that vicinity, surrounded by prosperous farming country and excellent farms. All kinds of fruit and vegetables are plentiful in the immediate vicinity, especially celery, which is cultivated abundantly and with great success. The lake is popular with picnickers and fishing parties, and the beach which is abrupt and the water very deep and cool, makes an excellent place for expert swimmers; but is not so well adapted for a family resort on that account. 103. DEVIL'S LAKE. In Lenawee county, easy of access by way of the Detroit, Toledo & Milwaukee Railroad, surrounded by high banks on which groves of original giant beeches, maples and oaks shade the shores, lies the picturesque little lake, whose name, Devil's Lake, belies the attractive surroundings. Shallow, sloping shores make a safe and pleasant place for bathing, the lake, nearly an "L" shape and about three miles across, gives a good sailing course, and the plenteous supply of black bass, perch and other kindred of the finny tribe offer attractions to the disciples of Walton. The resorts, Manilou Beach, on the Cincinnati Northern Railroad, and Beardsell's and Cole's Landings, along the westerly borders of the lake, with their ample resort hotels, the pretty cottages, and the white tents of the campers which, nestled in the surrounding shady woodland banks, dot the shores of the lake, offer sufficient attractions to the numbers of resorters, summer resi- dents and campers who every year make this lake their summer vacation place. 130. CLARK'S LAKE. In Jackson county, ten miles south of the city of Jackson, on the Cincinnati Northern Railroad, is Clark's Lake, where there are numerous cottages, and where many people from Cincinnati go to spend the summer. 11') MICHIGAN'S MINERAL AND SANITARY SPRINGS, In presenting the subject of Michigan's Mineral Springs, Mineral Baths, and other sanitary drinking and bath water, it will not be practicable to dwell upon the qualities and sanitary properties of the different waters at the various localities. It is not the province of this publication to make comparisons of their various healing powers. It will be sufficient to present the analyses of such of Michigan's mineral waters as have been reported to this Board, and leave the rest to the persons who are in search of such properties as the different ones present. In alphabetical order come: Americanus Mineral Water, Lansing; Bay Port Mineral Water, Bay Port; Clark's Mineral Springs Bath House, Detroit; The Crystal Water Company's Water, Bay City; Eastman Mineral Springs, Benton Harbor; Excelsior Min- eral Bath House, Benton Harbor; Mt. Clemens; No-che-mo Springs, Reed City; Oak Grove Mineral Water, Flint; Port Huron Min- eral Bath Company, Port Huron; Salutaris Water, St. Clair; Sand Beach Mineral Water, Sand Beach; Somerville Mineral Springs, Somerville Springs; Welcome Islands Lithia Water, near Pontiac; and the Ypsilanti Mineral Bath House, Ypsilanti. For those localities which are already mentioned as summer-resort localities, only the analysis of the water will be given. Those localities which by reason of the fact that they offer little if any resort attractions aside from the waters they produce will receive short mention, and those localities which present other attractions will be briefly mentioned, relative to their desirable features. Only those localities from which mineral springs were reported are mentioned in this publication. Not all the mineral springs in Michigan are reported. Probably a very small part of the whole number is mentioned. 131. AMERICANUS MINERAL WATER. The Americanus Mineial Well, in the City of Lansing, at the junction of the Grand and Cedar Rivers, was at one time the location of a large hotel and bath house, the latter of which now stands, but which has not been used as a bath house for some time. The well is one thousand, four hundred and two feet in depth, and the waters are bottled and sold throughout Michigan, Chicago, 111., and other places. The analysis of the water is as follows: Phosphate of Soda......------.....---...........................______ 30 065 Chloride of Sodium.................................___ _______.....___ 221).224 Bicarbonate of Soda..............___________________...........___ 112.0811 Bicarbonate of Matrnesia........................ .......... _________ K0.5M! Carbonate of Iron-----------------------------....... ___.......... 3.681 Carbonate of Lithium................ ................._______ 0.101 Carbonate Calcium......_______ ... 103.080 Sulphate of Potassa...... 14.940 s'1ica._....._______....._. ........... 3.%0 Alumina.............______ ._. traces Phosphate of Lime.. a trace Carbonic Acid______ 235.550 15. BAY PORT MINERAL WELL. The well is located below the bluff, and between the hotel and the bay. It is three hundred and twenty-eight feet deep. The water is found in a coarse gray sand rock, rises above the surface and forms a flowing well. The water is at a uniform temperature of 47°, summer and winter. Analysis by Professor A. B. Prescott: Ann Arbor, Mich., October 13, 1891. Sulphate of Calcium____ Bicarbonate of Calcium. Chloride of Magnesium Chloride of Sodium..... Bicarbonate of Sodium.. Carbonate of Iron_____. Silicic Acid_______...... rains per S. Gallon. 25.6405 2.2141 5.X245 53.9742 Total saline matter__________.......________.................. 100.4764 The bases and acids, separately determined, are as follows: Grains Calcium Oxide___...............................___________________ Matrnesium Oxide.....'............................................... Sodium Oxide___'................___......................________ Ferrous Oxide___...............................____..___.......... Sulphuric Anhydride____.....__..... .....__________......._____ Chlorine. Carbonic Anhydride Silicic Anhydride___ Specific Gravity. 1 i m, faintly alkaline. Gallon. 11 6341 1. CLARK'S MINERAL SPRINGS BATH HOUSE—DETROIT. Analysis by Samuel P. Dufneld, Ph. D., M. D. Analysis. Per Liier Sodic Chloride___..........__________......-............ 5.84600 Potassic Chloride____;_______________________________ .00030 Calcic Chloride............................-------------- 1 47430 Calcic Sulphate...........___........... ............---- 3 07021 Mag-nesia Sulphate......----......---------............ 1.854')J Periral. Imperial. 4092.200 Analysis. Magnesia Carbonate Calcic Carbonate___ Silica................ Alumittia____........ Hydric Sulphide____ Per g-al- Per Liter. Imperial. .01925 13.475 .25560 178.920 .00000 4.2O0 .02300 16.100 .69465 48.427 104. CRYSTAL WATER COMPANY. Bay Cit3r is the location of the distilling plant of the Crystal Water Company, Limited, and here water is put through the process of evaporation, condensation and aeration, and is prepared in large quantities for sale and use in Bay City and for mercantile pur- poses. No analysis of the water, after the distillation, has been received at this office; but this method is the logical one to produce water which is absolutely pure. A large amount of this water'is shipped from Bay City, and its manufacturers and many of its users claim much for its efficiency for sanitary purposes. It is, certainly, a very delightful tafde water. 61. EASTMAN SPRINGS—BENTON HARBOR. PROF. HAINES' ANALYSIS. The following are the results of analyses of the waters of four " KING DAVID." Each gallon of 231 cubic inches contains: Chloride of Sodium...................................._____________ Bicarbonate of Sodium__________........__.....................__ Sulphate of Potassium__...........___...................________ Bicarbonate of Calcium............................______........ Bicarbonate of Magnesium............___........___•.______...... Bicarbonate of Iron............................... .....___________ Phosphate of Manganese__................................well marked 1 Alumina...................................................._________ Silica.........________......................_________________________ Total............ Temperature 50° F. inches per gallon. Specific gravity 1000. _____.....____________ 14.594 Carbonic acid gas 36.38 cubic "SILVER OUEEN. Each gallon of 231 cubic inches contains: Chloride of Sodium____...................................---....... Bicarbonate of Sodium.........................................---- Bicarbonate of Potassium______................................... Sulphate of Potassium......................................____________ traces Bicarbonate of Calcium................________......________________ 6.800 Bicarbonate of Magnesium____.....______........................_____ 3.225 Silica.....____.......................________............................ 0.117 Grains. 0.096 1.364 1.074 Total........... Temperature 50° F. inches per gallon. Specific gravity I000J4. _____..............____ 12.676 Carbonic acid gas 35.46 cubic mineral springs at Benton Harbor, Michigan: "Saul." Each gallon of 231 cubic inches contains: Grains. Chloride of Sodium.....................-.....------------.........-.....- 0.095 Sulphate of Sodium...............-------.........--------------......... 0.110 Bicarbonate of Sodium......--------.....-----------------........----- 1.021 Sulphate of Potassium-------------.....------------............ ---- 0.083 Bicarbonate of Calcium___________________________________________ ...... 7.7')" Bicarbonate of Magnesium----------------------------.....--....... 6.144 Bicarbonate of Iron.......----------.....-.........-......----------- I.04'i Silica...........--.-........-..........................----............... 0.350 Total...............-.........------............------............. 16.649 Temperature 51° F. Specific gravity 1000y. Carbonic acid gas 37.21 cubic inches per gallon. "COLONEL'S OWN." Grains. 0.119 0.835 1.559 Each gallon of 231 cubic inch s contains: Chloride of Sodium---...................----- Bicarbonate of Sodium...................----- Bicarbonate of Potassium,.................... Sulphate of Potassium.......------------------------------------- traces, Bicarbonate of Calcium________________________....................... 8 875 Bicarbonale of Magnesium..........................________________ 6296 Iron and Alumina __________________......___..............____ ____ 0234 Silica............................_.....________........................... 0.117 Total____....... Temperature 51° F. inches per gallon. ..............._______........................___ 18.035 Specific gravity 1000 y. Carbonic acid gas 3S.')|, cubic 67. EXCELSIOR MINERAL BATH HOUSE—BENTON HARBOR. The EJxcelsior Mineral Bath House, a commodious and perfectly-appointed brick structure, with a capacity of over three hun- dred baths daily, has just been completed at Benton Harbor, Mich., for the treatment of rheumatism, neuralgia, gout, etc., any form of blood, skin and nervous diseases; catarrhal troubles, morphine and opium habit. The bath house is handsome in appearance, beautifully situated, thoroughly modern, and easily accessible, being only two min- utes' walk from the boat docks and railway depots. The building is well lighted, heated and ventilated, and the office and waiting rooms are tastefully and even elegantly furnished, Every provision has been made for the comfort and convenience of patrons. The heating and ventilating of the building has been provided for, and patients can avail themselves of the curative properties of the water at any season of the year without dan- ger of contracting colds or experiencing any discomfort. Skilled medical attendance and advice can be had. 122 The baths are administered by a corps of skilled attendants, who see that the bath is properly given and attend the patient throughout the process. The time ordinarily allowed for each bath is one-half hour and longer if necessary. Fifteen minutes is the usual time spent in the tub, during which time the patient is being worked upon by the attendant, especially in cases of rheu- matism and blood diseases. Rubbing, kneading and patting the affected parts, or the whole body while in the tub, is the order of attendance bestowed on the patient by the attendant, thus securing the maximum amount of benefit and efficacy of the water. After the bath a thorough sweating process is gone through with and a sufficient length of time is spent in the cooling room to reduce the temperature of the body to normal heat, thus insuring the patient against contracting colds or experiencing discomfort after leaving the building. Benton.Harbor Excelsior Mineral Water is a water in its pure and natural state, taken from the wells fourteen hundred feet deep; and the analysis of the water is almost identical with that showing the salts in the human body. ANALYSIS OF THE WATER. Each gallon of 231 cubic inches contains: Silica............_______.................. 0.233 Alumina_____________.....___........ 0.350 Calcium Carbonate.................._____ traces. Calcium Sulphate_______................ 85.439 Calcium Chloride.......______________ 1578.240 Magnesium Chloride............________ 605.900 Magnesium Bromide______......._____ 46.720 Sodium Chloride____________________ 6921.120 Lithium Chloride___...........________ traces. Potassium Chloride....._____............ traces. 8938 002. Hydrogen Sulphide in cubic inches per gallon at 70° F__________..........--- 27.8 Specific gravity of water at 70°............ 1.1058 112. MT. CLEMENS. Probably one of the best known and most frequented of Michigan's health resorts, and the one bearing the widest reputation for the curative qualities of its waters, is the City of Mt. Clemens, in Macomb County, a few miles from the shores of Lake St. Clair, on the Detroit SCENES ON THE CLINTON RIVER. and Port Huron Division of the Grand Trunk Railway, and connected with Detroit, twenty miles distant, by the Detroit and Mt. Clemens Electric Railway. Mt. Clemens owes its reputation as a resort, and its prominence as a prosperous and beautiful city, to the medicinal virtues of its mineral waters, and the efficacy of its thermal baths. Its mineral waters are secured b3r drilling wells from eight hundred to thir- teen hundred feet deep —the greater the depth the stronger the mineral qualities of the water, but the increased strength is princi- pally in sodium (common salt). The medicinal virtue is fully contained in the waters of the shallow wells, as well as in the deepest, with the exception of the increased strength of sodium, as before mentioned. The first well was drilled in 1865 by a company organized for the purpose of prospecting for oil. After drilling nearly thirteen hundred feet, they abandoned the hope of securing oil, but ascertained that the water of the well was rich in salt, and after some delay a new company was organized and commenced its manufacture in large quantities, but they were never able to make it a commercial success. This was principally because of the quality of the salt manufactured. Fortunately, its medicinal virtues were discovered while the manufacture of salt was in progress. The city is beautifully situated on gently rolling or nearly level land, at the head of navigation on the Clinton River, which circles through and around part of the city, adding to its beauty and advantages as a pleasure resort as well as to its commercial and shipping interests. Its lovely shaded streets, lined with elegant residences of prosperous citizens and the cozy cottage houses of the working classes, and all combining to make the city a desirable place of residence and an exceedingly pleasant place to visit. The permanent population of Mt. Clemens is about six thousand, and the average number of resorters is reported to be about two thousand, though these are not necessarily confined to summer visitors, for the baths at Mt. Clemens are visited at all times of the year, though most frequently in the summer. It would be impracticable to give in detail the various hotels and bath houses, and in general the accommodations for visitors at Mt. Clemens; suffice it to say that there are four bath houses; seven hotels with baths attached; four hotels without baths attached, and that most of these are palatial and commodious. The capacity for the entertainment of visitors in Mt. Clemens is almost unlimited. It would be equally impracticable to give the various certified analyses of the numerous mineral wells, all of which are highly recommended to sufferers from rheumatism and blood diseases. Pilgrims to the healing waters of Mt. Clemens will find no trouble in selecting through routes to this Mecca of health and rest. Detroit, the principal city in Michigan, can be reached more easily from north, south, east and west, than can most cities of like situation. It is located on the main lines of the Michigan Central, the Wabash, the Grand Trunk System, Flint & Pere Marquette, Detroit, Grand Rapids & Western, and a division of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern. There is also through service with the Cincinnati, Hamilton & Dayton, and other southern lines. To reach Mt. Clemens from Detroit one takes the Grand Trunk lines, which have several trains each way daily, or the Rapid Railway, an electric route which carries the passengers from any part of Detroit to Mt. Clemens through a most interesting farming community. Fare twenty-five cents. Coupes and electric cars meet all trains on both roads to accommodate invalids and tourists. 125 Visitors at Mt. Clemens can enjoy excursions by rail to Detroit, by yachts to the St. Clair Flats, by lake and river to the north- ern resorts and to neighboring cities on the lakes. 105. NO-CHE-MO SPRINGS—REED CITY. It is a most romantic and delightful place of resort, within easy walking distance of Reed City, one of Michigan's flourishing towns—easily accessible, owing to the intersection of the two well-known railroads, the Grand Rapids & Indiana and Flint & Pere Marquette, at this point. It is sixty-nine miles north of Grand Rapids, and eighty-nine miles west of Saginaw. Analysis of No-che-mo Mineral Spring Water, by Prof. Richard Fisher and Prof. Albert B. Prescott, of Ann Arbor, Mich.: Grains per U. S. Gallon. Silicic Acid.................______.......----......-.....----..... °-8187 Ferrous Carbonate............................---..........-........ 0 1691 Alumina............................. ......... .....----.....------ 0.(b2s Calcium Bicarbonate...............--.............--------------- 11.8090 Magnesium Bicarbonate___......-----......-----.......------- 6.4498 Sodium Chloride........................__________......-----...... 0.7990 Sodium Bicarbonate......_______ ...... ..........-------..... 1.9594 Potassium___.............____.......______...................-- a trace. Phosphoric Acid.................__________ ____________________ 0.0157 Total.........................______...........--- ------..... 22.0732 106. OAK GROVE MINERAL WELL. An analysis of water from the flowing well, two hundred and sixty-five feet deep, at Oak Grove, in the City of Flint, made by Dr. J. E. Clark, Professor of Chemistry in the Detroit College of Medicine, shows that the water comes under the classification of ' alkaline." The chemist says of the water: " These alkaline waters as a class (that is springs containing alkaline carbonates) are scarce, and as you know, valuable, depending on the degree of alkalinity." The well is two hundred and sixty-five feet deep, and flows at the rate of about nine gallons per minute. The following is a comparative analysis of the water and that from a spring in Bath County, Virginia: One U. S. gallon contains— Oak Grove. Bath County Springs. Grains. Grains. Sodium Chloride.............__________...... 98.363 0.000 Potassium Chloride_____......__________ 2.973 0 000 Magnesium Chloride....................... 1.253 0.342 Magnesium Sulphate________........____ . O.ono 3 534 Calcium Bicarbonate............... _____ 14.053 (carb.) 10.200 Calcium Sulphate..............___....... . 13.703 3.007 Magnesium Bicarbonate.........______..... 12.945 (carb.) 3^059 Sodium Sulphate........____......___........ 0.000 3.148 Alumina and Iron Oxides------------....... 0.583 (carb. iron) 0.221 Silica........-----------...................... trace. 0.103 Lithia Bicarbonate_________................. trace. 0.000 126 107. PORT HURON MINERAL BATH COMPANY. Potassa . Soda Analysis of the water by Prof. Albert B. Prescott, University of Michigan: Specific Gravity at 15.05 Degrees, C. 1.070. Grammes per Liter. Chloride of Potassium.............__________...... 5.511 Chloride of Sodium___.....................________ 70.871 Chloride of Magnesium............_______________ 1.012 Chloride of Calcium......'............................ 5.118 Bromide of Magnesium............._____........___ 12.374 Iodide of Sodium................_______ _____...... 0.377 Sulphate of Calcium.......____________ _____..... 3.930 Bicarbonate of Potassium_______________________ 0.080 Silica.................._____....._,...........___..... 0.010 Solids............_____.......________............... 99.283 Hydro Sulphuric Acid___________.........________ 0.64') Grains per U. S. Gallon. 321.508 4134.142 59.033 298.550 721.816 21.991 229.280 4,507 0.583 5791.410 37.858 Grains in Liter. Magnesia....... Lime.......____ Sulphuric Acid. Chlorine........ Bromine_______ Iodine.................. Carbonic Acid..______ Silica.............._____ Hydro Sulphuric Acid. 7. ST. CLAIR SPRINGS, MINERAL. ("SALUTARIS" WATER.) Analysis of water by Prof. C. I Each gallon of 231 cubic inches contains: Chloride of Sodium____...................____ Chloride of Potassium____.........._......... Sulphate of Potassa............._____........ Bicarbonate of Soda.............___........... Bicarbonate of Lime___.....---............... Bicarbonate of Magnesia..................____ Chandler, Ph. D., of Columbia College, New York: Grains. 81.3344 1.697') traces. Bicarbonate of Ammonia Silica_____........---'-..... Organic matter..'.......... Total......... Carbonic Acid Ga* 13. SAND BEACH MINERAL WATER. 1.537 .502 i.110 L.203 !.312 (.408 5.380 1.311 Grains. traces. 0.5715 traces. 97.4943 465.3250 Grammes per Grains per Litre. Imp'l Gallon .9936 69.552 62.663(i 4.386 459 5.3542 374.798 24.840(1 1,738.800 37.7788 2,644.521 179.2391 12.546.739 .7303 51.131 By direct estimation. By actual analysis .. Total Solids per Litre. The bath house and spring are located in the heart of the Village of Sand Beach, the main building being so situated as to com- mand a magnificent view of the lake and harbor, and is connected with the Hotel Dow by a passage, insuring convenience. The bath house is equipped with all modern improvements and appurtenances, including steam heat, etc., making it complete throughout. Analysis of the water by Samuel P. Duffield, M. D., Ph. D., Consulting Chemist, Detroit, Michigan: Specific Gravity at 60° F., 1.180. Calcic Sulphate----------................. Calcic Chloride..........................— Magnesic Chloride.......................... Magnesic Bromide..........-------------- Potassic Chloride-.........................- Sodic Chloride (salt)-------.......------- Salica______.....-........---------........ Grammes. 311.6000 311.5996 Total Solids............------..........-.. 311.5996 21,812.000 Hydric Sulphide Gas...... 2271, 10.745 cubic inches. 9. SOMERVILLE SPRINGS MINERAL WATER—ST. CLAIR, MICH. Analysis of the water by Samuel P. Duffield, M. D., Ph. D. Chloride Sodium____............. Chloride Calcium......_________ Chloride Magnesium_______..... Choride Potassium.........._____ Sulphate Calcium..........______ Sulphate Magnesium_______..... Sulphate Sodium (Hy. Sulphate). Sulphate Potassium............... Carbonate Magnesium............ Grains. 8983.940 2803.780 242.900 1680 000 87.780 11.900 Carbonate Calsium... Carbonate Sodium. .. Oxide Iron---........ Iodide Magnesium--- Bromide Magnesium- Silica Acid__________ Aluminum---------- 68.600 119.000 Total. 109. WELCOME ISLAND LITHIA WATER—PONTIAC. Three miles north of Pontiac, Mich., in the centre of Lake Angeltis, is located a beautiful wooded island of seven arces. Among the large number of mineral springs on the island is one flowing at the rate of twelve hundred gallons an hour. It was analyzed by John E. Ciark, M. D., of Detroit, Professor of Chemistry, and who writes the following in regard to the value and purity of the water: "It is an exceedingly pure water, second to none in my experience. In kidney and urinary diseases, where purity of drinking water is absolutely essential, this will be found to fully answer requirements." Analysis of the water: Sodic Chloride___ Potassic Chloride. Sodic Sulphate ... Iron Oxide______ Aluminic Oxide... Calcic Carbonate- Grains per U. S. Gallon. .3090 .0699 .2799 .5025 9.6807 Magnesic Carbonate Sodic Carbonate____ Lithia Carbonate____ Silica .._.........._... Organic and loss____ Grains per U. S. Gallon. 3.9150 ......2916 ___ .0200 .9244 108. YPSILANTI MINERAL BATH COMPANY. The City of Ypsilanti, in Washtenaw County, easily accessible from Detroit, from which it is distant only twenty-nine miles, and only a few minutes' ride on electric cars from Michigan's University at Ann Arbor, is a picturesque place, nearly as old as the State itself, and in possession of many attractions which entitle it to mention, though for the purposes of this publication only its Mineral Springs Bath House is mentioned as a sanitary resort. To make the mineral water available, the Ypsilanti Mineral Bath House affords every desirable accommodation-elegantly fur- nished rooms and excellent service, both in attendance and in professional advice. The location of Ypsilanti is admirable. It is less than an hour's ride from Detroit, and the Michigan Central and Lake Shore ly. Michigan Southern Railroads give convenient communication from all points. CRANE'S BEND. An electric line connects Ann Arbor and Ypsilanti, extending through both cities. In the early spring this line was extended to Detroit and gives hourly service with that city. Ypsilanti has an excellent water works S3'stem, together with good sewers, gas, and elec trie lights, free mail delivery, and in fact every convenience of modern improvements. The schools and colleges of this city, including the State Normal School, give a genial tone to the society of the city which has been found very pleasant to the many strangers who have had occasion to make Ypsilanti their stopping place. Every desirable advantage is offered here to invalids who need rest, quiet, or pleasant diversion. The analysis shows a pure and high grade potable water, and it has already resulted in several remarkable cures of urinary and kidney diseases. Quantities of the water are bottled and shipped throughout a wide territory. Prof. Kedzie, of the State Agricultural College, gives the following analysis of the water of the supply well: Grains. _____ 34.91 Fixed residue of mineral matter per imperial gallon.....____ This mineral matter consists of— Carbonate of Lime..................................----------- 20 23 Sulphate of Lime----.............-------...................... 2.73 Carbonate of Magnesia--------..........----------......--- 7.60 Carbonate of Iron___.........................------........--- 1.50 Soluble Silica.........-----....................--------------- 100 Alkaline Chlorides ______............«-..........----.......--- 2.45=34.91 Lithium_______.......-.......-......................---spectroscopic trace. Nitrites...........-.........-.................------......------ none. Nitrates...............--.......................----------......- trace Free Pure Ammonia in million parts.....................------..........03 Albuminoid Ammonia.........................--------------.............02 Quality of water excellent. Lansing, February 26,1890. 129 SANITARIA, 110. ALMA SANITARIUM. Alma is located on the banks of the Pine River, at the geographical centre of the lower pen- insula of Michigan. It is a prosperous, wide-awake village, having a number of manufacturing enterprises, with exceptional religious and educational advantages, and surrounded by a well-culti- vated farming country. Favorable natural advantages, pure air, pure spring waters, and a porous, well-drained soil, are here in happy combination, and are supplemented by a general water supply, and a sewer system. Alma abounds in fountains of fine flowing springs of sparkling drinking water,.all of which aided in determining the location of the institution. An installa- tion of electric lights, both arc and incandescent, is in successful operation. There is no air that blows from any quarter of the globe that is so full of life-giving qual- ities as the balmy breeze from the pine woods of Michigan. It is salubrious. It is unusually dry. It is delightfully pure. It is entirely free from malaria, and it is evenly tempered in winter by water-warmed and in summer by the water-cooled breezes from the great lakes, Michigan and Huron. Out of doors the rolling country round about affords * charming rural scenery for carriage driving, horseback rid- ing and bicycling, with glimpses of groves of pine, rolling fields and meadows, while along the wooded banks of the winding picturesque river are shady camping and picnic grounds suited to a summer vacation and a rest in the lap of DOWN THE HURON. (FROM YPSILANTI.) ALMA SANITARIUM. nature. There is a lake-like expansion of the river for rowing, steam-yachting and sailing in summer; sleighing, skating and ice- boating in winter. The Pine River and neighboring streams are stocked by the Government with trout, and what with pickerel, bass and whitefish the fly-fisher will find plenty of sport. The Sanitarium is a commodious building, well equipped for the accommodation of invalids. The facilities for the treatment of all forms of medical and surgical cases are very complete at this institution, especially are they prepared for giving- all kinds of thermal, mineral and electric baths. Alma is located on the Detroit, Grand Rapids & Western and the ..{ Ann Arbor Railroads. Analysis of the water by C. F. Chandler, Ph. D., and C. E. Pellew, E. M.: Each gallon of 231 cubic inches contains— Grams. Potassium Chloride...................................-------------- 125.57'>8 Sodium Chloride..........__________...................-------...... 8963 8725 Lithium Chloride...........-----.......--......................----- traces. Ammonium Chloride________........----................----- 41.9133 Calcium Chloride......._____.................:................. ..... (.514.2000 Magnesium Chloride.......---------............-..........-------- 24o5.4775 Ferrous Chloride .......___....._____.......-............._________ 22.4089 ",A ■. ., <&& . *,,. ^SL.~#" *J0>MtJ**J*m£Z «. Sodium Phosphate........____.......-------------..... ..........-- traces. '-UJ&&* itW&^-*r~&^^Zj£i.-S?*'iS*' -s* Alumina......................_______________________............--- 5.0325 ' ^jfeJ^ESKW^ SiHca......-.....--------......~......■■■""".......... 1-4HM 111. THE BATTLE CREEK MICHIGAN rX. -■?*■ z& ^r5"^ fc—Jk SANITARIUM. ,.-^Y-"% SliH5»i l^^wte*"' —-%,„" This institution was legally incorporated April 9, 1867. It 1 pK f ^JBfap^^Wg^l- was re-incorporated July 1, 1898. It is located at Battle Creek, ££ -.,, * ^P """ r:fc Y Mich., a thriving city of about twenty thousand population, t5i y *^._^- with an annual death rate often reaching only seven per one 'ftjiSff 5~ *-~ thousand persons living. It is midway between Detroit and —■ Chicago, on the main lines of the Michigan Central, the Chicago & Grand Trunk, and the Detroit, Toledo & Milwaukee Railways. . ; The location of the institution is all that could be required by the seeker after health. The surroundings are salubrious, with pure air, pine RIVER, near ALMA. pure water> and a porous> well-drained soil. 131 IJATTLE CREEK SANITARIUM. At the present time the Sanitarium property con- sists of a large main building, a hospital, an annex, thirty cottages and other buildings, a lakeside resort and pavilion at Lake Goguac, which is accessible by means of the electric street car line, and several dairy and small fruit farms. The main building, hospital and cottages accommodate five hundred patients. The institution employs no secret methods, claims to possess no panacea, does not even boast a mineral spring, although mineral waters abound in the immediate vicinity; it is simply a place where all of the latest scientific methods relating to hygiene, sanitation, and rational medicine are employed to train and educate the'patient out of his morbid con- ditions into a state of health. The managers have undertaken to make the Bat- tle Creek Sanitarium a thoroughly scientific health establishment, and as a result the institution is thoroughly equipped with the best medical and surgical appliances obtainable, whereby the physician is able to make a most thorough and complete examination of his patient. Besides the ordinary physical examination of the patient a number of special examinations are made, among which are the following: 1. Examination of the stomach contents, after a test meal; from this a number of co-efficients are obtained, such as, (a) Digestion of albumen. (m n) Quantity of the gastric juice. (z) Motility. (6) Digestion of starch. (x) Fermentation. \k) Size of the stomach. (c) Activity of salivary secretion. (y) Solution. 2. Bacteriologic examination of sputum, stomach fluid, urine and feces. 3. Examination of the blood. 4. Examination of the urine. 5, Determination of the strength of each group of muscles by means of the Universal Dynamometer. 6. Special examination of the eye and ear. 7. Special physiological and neurological examinations. 8. Special examination with the Roentgen or X-ray. These examinations are repeated from time to time to ascertain the progress made by the patient. electrical baths, the nasittm. A pool and smoking room, fur- croquet, baseball and riages are furnished grounds are large artesian mineral ing addition to the resources of the hospital. attendance. The hospital is in charge of tendent of the Eastern Michigan Asylum the treatment of nervous and mental dis- Grove Hospital has been secured by the on the part of all connected with it. 106. OAK GROVE. Oak Grove, a private hospital for the treatment of patients suffering from nervous and mental diseases and those addicted to drug habits, was opened in 1891. It was constructed and furnished with a view to gratifying the tastes of those accustomed to the comforts and luxuries of life, and affording them quiet home-like surroundings so essential to successful treatment. Apartments for patients are commodious, arlmit an abundance of light and air, and have pleasant outlooks. The furnishings are ample and attractive. Many rooms have private baths and open fire-places. The hospital equipment includes a complete system of Turkish, Ru-sian and most approved electro-therapeutic appliances, and a well-appointed gym- billiard room, a music and reading room, bowling alley, and card and a variety of means for indoor entertainment; while lawn tennis, golf, bicycling, afford enjoyable open air exercise. Car- without charge for the daily use of patients. The ' and secluded, and the lawns beautifully shaded. An well, of the alkaline variety, is a recent and promis- An efficient corps of trained nurses is constantly in Dr. C. B. Burr, who was formerly Medical Superin- for the Insane, and who has had wide experience in eases. The steadily-increasing prosperity of Oak faithful and united effort in behalf of its interests OAK GROVE HOSPITAL THE PARK SANITARIUM—ST. LOUIS. St. Louis is a beautiful little city of 3,000 inhabitants, the centre of a well-developed agricultural and fruit-growing district. It is supplied with electric lights, the Holly system of waterworks, and a complete system of sewerage. The streets are broad, well- shaded and lined with fine residences, surrounded with well-kept lawns. There are nine churches, two banks, a fine opera house, a commercial college and schools noted for their excellence. Located on a plateau traversed by the Pine River, at an elevation of 730 feet above tide-water, in nearly the geographical centre of the southern peninsula of Michigan, St. Louis is favored with remarkable salubrity of climate, exempt from malaria and the extremes of heat and cold. In fact, it is known to be the most equable climate north of the Ohio river and east of the Rocky 133 Mountains according to "Meteorology of the Great Lakes and Isothermal Charts of Michigan," by Alexander Winchell, L. L. D. The winters are mild and bracing, with abundant sunlight and dryness of atmosphere. There are few cloudy days and the snow- fall is light. The summer heat is at no time oppressive. The Park Hotel and Sanitarium is a spacious building, open all the year, with commodious offices, parlors, music room and dining hall, all on the first floor. Wide halls and alcoves open upon broad piazzas, shaded by the great maples of the Park grounds, which extend to the river's bank. Particular attention is given to the patrons, the house is open to the sunlight, the rooms are well furnished and provided with all the facilities for health and comfort. An hydraulic elevator from the baths to ever3" floor, make it convenient for those seeking health and not inclined to exertion. The analysis of the water, made by S. P. Duffield, Ph. D., of Detroit, is as follows: Sulphate of Lime........___...................___......____________________..... 66.50 Silicate of Lime......___................____________...........__________........ (,.72 Chloride of Lime—a trace. Bi-Carbonate Soda........................._______................____.....____..... 106.40 Bi-Carbonate Lime......_______.........................____....._______________ 69.40 Bi-Carbonate Magnesia_________...................__.....________.._____........ 17.50 Bi-Carbonate Iron____.........._________________.........___________._......___ 1.20 Silica—free.........................__________________........___________________ 2 88 Organic Matter and Loss............._........___..................................... 2 00 Total Constituents..........._____ _____________ 272.60 Bi-Carbonates......................................................____________ 191 (p Free Carbonic Acid in Gallon....._.......______......______....._______ ~~~. (,'■>■[ Sulphureted Hydrogen—traces. Total Mineral Matter in Gallon_____................_.......___...... 279 60 St. Louis is accessible by the Chicago & West Michigan, and by the Detroit, Grand Rapids & Western Railroads. ALPHABETICAL LIST OF SUMMER AND HEALTH RESORTS, MINERAL SPRINGS AND SANITARIA, WITH RAILROAD AND STEAMBOAT CONNECTIONS, AND NAMES OF HOTELS. RESORTS ON THE SHORES OF THE GREAT LAKES. LOCALITY. (MAP NUMBERS IN PARENTHESIS.) Algonac. (5). Arcadia. (55)_____ Au Sable. (123)...... Bay View. (40)____ Bay Port. (15) ...... Benton Harbor. (67) Charlevoix. 43)--- Daily boat from Detroit. Frankfort and Manistee Steamers. Detroit & Mackinac Ry. Au Sable & Northwestern Ry. Lines of Lake Huron Boats. Grand Rapids & Indiana R. R. Chicago & West Michigan R. R. Northern Michigan Transporta- tion Co. Lake Michigan and Lake Superior Transportation Co. Tuscola, Saginaw Jfc Huron R. R. Lake Boats. Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago A St. Louis R. R. Chicago & West Michigan R. R. Graham and Morton Transporta- tion Co. Williams Transportation Co. Holland and Chicago Line Steam- ers. Lake Michigan and Lake Superior Transportation Co. Northern Michigan Transporta- tion Co. Local Lines of Steamers. Chicago & West Michigan R. R. Lake Michigan and Lake Superior Transportation Co. Northern Michigan Transporta- tion Co. LOCALITY. (MAP NUMBERS IN | PARENTHESIS.) Barry House. Riverview House. Kimbal House. Forester House. New National. Bay View Hotel. Woodland Ave. Hotel. Bav Port Hotel. Hotel Benton. Hotel Higbee. Phoenix House. Spring Bluff Hotel. Chicago Resort. (42) (CHARLEVOIX.) Charlevoix Summer Home Association. (44)------------ Belvedere. Furgeson House. Fountain Citj- House. Noble House. Edgewood. (48).. Elk Rapids. (46). Chicago Jt West Michigan R. R. Lake Michigan and Lake Superior Transportation Co. Northern Michigan Transporta- tion Co. Chicago & West Michigan R. R. Northern Michigan Transporta- tion Co. Lake Michigan and Lake Superior Transportation Co. Flint & Pere Marquette R. K Detroit, Grand Rapids & Western R. R. Detroit, Grand Haven & Milwau- kee R. R. Michigan Central R. R. Wabash R. R. Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Grand Trunk R. R. Detroit and Cleveland Steam Nav- igation Co. Steamers. Put-in-Bay Route Steamers. Star-Cole, Red and White Star Line Steamers. Thompson Line Steamers. People's Steamship Line. Grummond's Mackinac Line Steamers. Other Steamboat Lines. Wagon Road from Traverse City. Chicago & West Michigan R. R. Northern Michigan Transporta- tion Co. Club House. Hotel Cadillac. Russell House. Hotel Ste. Claire. The Wayne. Hotel Normandie. Griswold House. Chiera's Hotel. Library Park Hotel. Hotel Barclay. The Griffin House. Hotel Richter. (Ties' European Ho- tel. Hotel Adams. Franklin House. The Federal. Hotel Renaud. The Randolph. Hotel Congress. Hotel Richmond. Miss Lewis'. Mrs. liathrops'. Marshall House. Bradney House. LOCALITY. (MAP NUMBERS IN PARENTHESIS.I Elk Rapids. Cont'd. Epworth League A= sembly. (56)...... (LUDINGTON.) Escanaba. (32) Fair Haven. (2) Frankfort. (54) . Grand Haven. ,60). Lake Michigan and Lake Superior Transportation Co. Inland Steamers. Flint & Pere Marquette R. R. Mason & Oceana R. R. Northern Michigan Transporta- tion Co. Lake Michigan and Lake Super or Transportation Co. Flint and Pere Marquette Steam- ers. Local Boats to Pentwater. Steamer Maxwell. Chicago & Northwestern R. R. Minneapolis, St. Paul & Sault Ste. Marie R. R. Goodrich Line. Hart Line. Burns Transportation Co. Steamboats. Ann Arbor R. R. Lake Michigan and Lake Superior Transportation Co. Northern Michigan Transporta- tion Co. Frankfort and Manistee Steamers. Detroit, Grand Haven St. Milwau- kee R. R. Chicago & West Michigan R. R. Goodrich Line Steamers. Crosby Transportation Co. Steam- ers. Local Lines of Boats. Central House. Hanson House. Hotel Epworth. Hotel Gladstone. Hotel Moore. Hotel Read. Pharlan House. Yocky House. Boarding Houses. City Hall. European Hotel. Fayette House. Ford River House. Garfield House. Hamacher House. New Commercial. New Ludington. Oliver House. Sherman House Washington House Half-Way House. Hotel Vernier. Forest Ave. Hotel. National Hotel. Cutler House. Kirby House. Boarding Houses LOCALITY. (MAP NUMBER IN PARENTHESIS.) (iratiot Beach. (111 tiros Cape. (35)___ Harbor Beach. (13 Harbor Point. (37).. Harbor Springs. (3 ) Highland Park. (611 HuroniaBeach. (10) Huron Mountain ShootingandFish- ing Club. (31)____ Lake Harbor. (59)... Leland Point Re- sort. t53)_______ Car lines to Port Huron, on Chi- cago & Grand Trunk and Flint & Pere Marquette Railroads and all Lines of Lake Huron Boats. Wagon Road from St. Ig-nace. Flint >t Pere Marquette R. R. Detroit and Cleveland Steamers, and Lines of Lake Huron Boats to Sand Beach. No Railroads. Carriages from Harbor Springs and boats from Petoskey. Grand Rapids & Indiana R. R. Northern Michigan Transp >rta- tion Co. Steamers. Lake Michigan and Lake Superior Transportation Co. Smaller Shore Lines of Boats. Grand Haven Street Railway. (Street Car from Port Huron.I Chicago & Grand Trunk R. K. Flint & Pere Marquette R. R. All Lines of Lake Huron Boats. Steamer City of Marquette, Lake Michigan and Lake Superior Transportation Co. Railroad at Muskegon. Local Boat Lines. Railway Connections at Traverse City. Local Boat Lines. Dining Hall. The Windermere, No Hotels. Dining Hall at Har- bor Beach. Dow House. American House. Franklin House. Huron House at Sand Beach, Club Dining Hall. Harbor Point Hotel Kensington. Boarding Houses Highland Park Ho- tel. Dining Hall. Lake Harbor Hotel. Hackley Park Hotel. Brown House. Ellis House. H. M. Gilman. Warner House. LOCALITY. (MAP NUMBERS IN PARENTHESIS.) Les Cheneaux Is- lands. (27) _______ Linwood Beach. (19) Macatawa Park (64) Mackinaw City. (24) Mackinac Island. (25) Manistique. (33) . Marine City. (6) . Lake Boats. Detroit & Mackinaw R. R, Chicago & West Michigan R. R. Steamers from Holland. Electric Cars from Holland. Chicago and Lake Michigan Boats. Michigan Central R. R. All Lines of Lake Boats. Grand Rapids & Indiana R. R. Duluth, South Shore & Atlantic R. R. All Lake Boats. Ferry from St. Ignace and Macki naw City. Minneapolis, St. Paul & Sault Ste. Marie R. R. Hart Steamboat Line. Burns Transportation Co. Boats from Detroit. Les Cheneaux Club. Les Cheneaux Hotel. Bay View Hotel. Elliott House. Islington Hotel. Whitcomb House. Hotel Macatawa. Boarding Houses. Mackinaw City House. Palace Hotel. Stimpson House. Union House. Weutworth Hotel. The Chicago. Dowd Cottage. Grand Hotel. Island House. John Jacob Astor House. Lake View House. Lozon House. Mission House. The New Mackinac. The New Murray. Palmer House. Bay View House. Hiawatha Hotel. Hotel Barnes. Keystone House. The Ossawinama- kee. St. James Hotel. Commercial House. Hotel Westcott. Halpin Hotel. LOCALITY. (MAP NUMBERS IN PARENTHESIS.) RAILROAD OR STEAMBOAT CONNECTION. HOTELS. Marquette. (30) Lake Superior & Ishpeming R. R. Duluth, South Shore & Atlantic R. R. New Clifton. Northwestern. Queen City. Marquette, Houghton & Ontona-gon R. R. Lake Michigan and Lake Superior Transportation Co. and Lake Superior Boats. Summit House. Superior House. Munising. (29a)...... Duluth, South Shore & Atlantic R. R. Lake Superior Steamers. Commercial. Hotel Moore. Hotel Munising. Russell House. Superior House. Ne-ah-ta-wan-ta. (49) Bay Boats and Wagon Road from Traverse City. Summer Hotel. Northpnrt. (52)...... Lake Michigan and Local Boat Lines. Railway Connections at Traverse City. Porter House. Summer Boarding House. Norwood. (45)........ No Railroads. Lake Michigan and Lake Superior Transportation Co. Northern Michigan Transporta-tion Co. No Hotels. Oaatka Beach. (18)-- Electric Cars from Bay City. Boarding House. Oceana Beach. (58).. Railwa3-and Steamer Connections at Pentwater. So Hotels. Old Mission. (51) .... Northern Michigan Transporta-tion Co. Lake Michigan and Lake Superior Transportation Co. Other Lake Lines. Summer Boarding Houses. Lake Lines of Boats. Wagon Road from Traverse City. The Clovers. Leelanaw Inn. Oscoda. (122)........ Detroit & Mackinac Ry. Au Sable & Northwestern Ry. Lines of Lake Huron Boats. Central Hotel. New Elliott. LOCALITY. (MAP NUMBERS. IN PARENTHESIS.) Ottawa Beach. (63).. Pentwater (57 Petoskey. (41). Pictured Rocks. (29b) Pointe Aux Barque? (14)----............. Pointe Aux Pins. (23) Port Sanilac. (12) .... Roaring Brook. (39). Rogers City. (22)---- Sailors' Encamp- ment. (28)-------- (neebish.) St. Clair Flats. (3)... St. Clair Springs.(7)"I St.Clair. (8)_____| Somerville Springs. ,' (9)------------j Chicago & West Michigan R. R. Local Steamboats from Hoallud. Chicago and Lake Michigan Boats Chicago & West Michigan R. R. Steamers from Pentwater to Chi- cago. Local Lines of Steamers. Grand Rapids & Indiana R. R. Chicago & West Michigan R. R. Lake Michigan and Lake Superior Transportation Co. Northern Michigan Transporta- tion Co. Other Lake Lines of Steamers. * Lake Superior Boats. Flint & Pere Marquette R. R. Lake Boats. Lake Boats. Wagon Road from Carson ville, on Flint & Pere Marquette R. R. Grummond's Mackinac Line. Lake Boat Lines. Grand Rapids & Indiana R. R. Alpena & Northern R. R. Lake Huron Boats. Cheboygan and Sault Ste. Marie Steamboats. All Lines of Lake Boats. Michigan Central R. R. All Lake and River Boats. Hotel Ottawa. Boarding Houses. Innus House. Summer Boarding Houses. City Hotel. Clifton House. Cushman House. Exchange. Hotel Baughart. Imperial. National. Oriental. Park House. Association Hotel. Arlington Hotel. Union Hotel. Roaring Brook Inn. International Hotel Central Hotel. City Hotel. Star Island House. Riverside Hotel. Joe Bedore's. Oakland. St. James. Cadillac. Somerville Hotel. LOCALITY. (MAP numbers in parenthesis.) St. Ignace. (26). St. Joseph. (68). Saugatuck. (65)___ Sault Ste. Marie. (29) South Haven. (66)-. Duluth, South Shore & Atlantic R. R. Connections by Ferry with Grand Rapids & Indiana and Michigan Central Rys. at Mackinaw City. Chicago & West Michigan R. R. Vandalia Line. Graham and Morton Transporta- tion Co. Williams Transportation Co. Lake Michigan and Lake Superior Transportation Co. Northern Michigan Transporta- tion Co. Local Lines of Boats. Chicago & West Michigan R. R. Local Steamers. Duluth, South Shore & Atlantic R. R. Minneapolis, St. Paul & Sault Ste. Marie R. R. Canadian Pacific R. R. All Through Lake Steamers. South Haven Division of Michigan Central R. R. South Haven & Eastern Ry. Holland and Chicago Line Steam- ers. Williams Transportation Co. Goodrich Line Steamers. Dunham House. Exchange. Grand View. New Bay View- House. Rockview Hotel. Russell House. Snyder House. The Sherwood. St. Joseph. Whitcomb. Lake View House. Twin City Hotel. Boarding Houses. Saugatuck House. Franklin. Hotel Northern. Hotel Superior. The Iroquois. Lakeview House. Marquette House. Milwaukee House. New Bay City House. Pacific House. The Park. Sherman House. Fremont House. Commercial House. Lake View House. Summer Boarding Houses. locality. (map numbers in pakenthesis. ) Sebewaing. (16)___ Spring Lake. (62)... Starlsland. (4)____ Tawas Beach. (20) .. Tawas City. (21)___ Traverse City. (47).. Tuscola, Saginaw Summer Boarding Houses. Club House. Boarding House. INLAND LAKE RESORTS. LOCALITY, (MAP NUMBERS IN PARENTHESIS.) Alden. (79)___....... Argonaut Hunting and Fishing Club. (74)................. Baldwin. (84)........ Barron Lake Resort. (129)................ Bass Lake Park. (88) Baw BeeseLake. (121) RAILROAD OR STEAMBOAT CONNECTION. Chicago & West Michigan R. R. Local Steamers. Michigan Central R. R. Inland Steamers. Flint & Pere Marquette R. R. Chicago & West Michigan R. R. Air Line Michigan Central R. R. Wagon Road from Ludington, on Flint & Pere Marquette K. R. From Pentwater, on Chicago & West Michigan R. R. Lake Shore & Michigan Southern R. K. Main House. Helena House. Club House. Hotel Baker. Towusend House. Webb's Boarding House. Two Summer Hotels, Dining Hall. Summer Hotel. Boarding Houses. LOCALITY. (MAP NUMBERS IN PARENTHESIS.) Bear Lake. (126)..... Berrien Springs. (99) Beulah. (86)......... Black Lake. (75).... Burt Lake. (73)...... Camp Austin. (78)... Cass Lake. (119)..... RAILROAD OR STEAMBOAT CONNECTION. Grand Rapids & Indiana R. R. St. Joseph Valley R. R. Local Lines of Boats. Ann Arbor Railroad. Stage Route from Chebovgan. Grand Rapids & Indiana R. R. Inland Route Steamers. Wagon Road from Stations on Chicago & West Michigan R. R. Local Lines of Boats. Car Line from Pontiac. on Air Line Division Grand Trunk R. R. Mizer Hotel. Hotel Orouoko. Sim's Hotel. Crystal City Hotel. Crystal Beach Hotel. MacKinnon Hotel, R. J. Taylor's Hotel. Buckeye House. Summer Boarding House. Orchard Lake Hotel. Sylvan Lake Inn. Boarding Houses. LOCALITY. (MAP NUMBERS IN PARENTHESIS.) Clear Lake. (100)..... Coldwater Lake. (116) Crystal Lake. (85)... Devils Lake. (103)__ Diamond Lake. (101). Duck Lake. (128).. Evans Lake. (102)---- Fontinalis Club. (83). Gogebic Lake. (115).. Higgins Lake. (81).. Island Lake. 120)__._ LakeCity. (87)..'..... Lake Cora. (96)....... Michigan Central R. R. Milwaukee, Benton Harbor & Col- umbus R. R. Wagon Road from Coldwater, on Lake Shore & Michigan South- ern R. R. Ann Arbor Railroad. Detroit, Toledo & Milwaukee R. R. Air Line Division Michigan Cen- tral R. R. Grand Trunk R. R. Wagon Road from Albion. Proposed Toledo & Northern R. R. Wagon Road. Wagon Road from Vanderbilt. on Mackinaw ' Division Michigan Central R. R. Duluth, South Shore & Atlantic R. R. Wagon Road from Roscommon, on Mackinaw Division Michigan Central R. R. Detroit, Grand Rapids & Western R. R. Missaukee Branch of Grand Rapids & Indiana R. R. South Haven & Eastern R. R. Summer Hotel. Summer Hotels. Crystal City Hotel. Crystal Beach Hotel Lake Rest Hotel. Lake View Hotel. Pleasant Grove House. Forest Hall. Sandy Beach Hotel. Name not reported. Commercial House. Instep Hotel. E. Hulick's Hotel. Dining Hall. Northern Hotel. Peninsular Hotel. Peninsular House. locality. (map numbers in parenthesis.J Lansing. (127)...... Agricultural Col- lege. (127).......... Littlefield Lake. (90) Long Lake. (76)__ (Alpena County.) Long Lake. (92)___ (Genesee County.) Marble Lake. (118). Merle Beach. (94) .. Morrison's Lake. (117)-............. Mullett Lake. (70).. Oakland Beach. (125) Oar Lake. (93)....... Oden. (72)____..... Orchard Lake. (119) Michigan Central R. R. Detroit, Grand Rapids & Western R. R. Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Chicago & Grand Trunk R. R. Flint & Pere Marquette R. R. Ann Arbor Railroad. Wagon Road from Alpena. Car Line from Fenton, on Detroit, Grand Haven & Milwaukee R. R. Wagon Road from Quincy, on Lake Shore & Michigan South- ern R. R. Wagon Road. Wagon Road from Coldwater, on Lake Shore & Michigan South- ern R. R. Mackinaw Division Michigan Central R. R. Inland Route Steamers. Wagon Road from Newavgo, on Chicago & West Michigan R. R. Wagon Road from Brighton, on Detroit, Grand Rapids & West- ern R. R. and Ann Arbor R. R. Grand Rapids & Indiana R. R. Inland Route Steamers. Car Line from Pontiac, on Air Line Division Grand Trunk R. Downey House. Hudson House. New Grand. Butler House. Wentworth House. Eichele House. Van Dyne House. Kirkwood House. Summer Boarding House. Case's Island House. Banghart's. Summer Boarding Houses. Merle Beach Hotel. Summer Boarding House. Summer Boarding Houses. Summer Hotel. Club House. Atherton Inn. Oden House. Orchard Lake Hotel, Sylvan Lake Inn. Boarding Houses. locality. (map numbers in parenthesis.) Paw Paw Lake. (97).. Pine Lake. (95)....... Pine Lake. (119)...... Rainbow Club. (82)... Rush Lake. (89)...... Seven Islands. (91).. Wagon Road from Watervleit, on South Haven and Eastern R. R. Wagon Road. Car Ltiie from Pontiac, on Air Line Division Grand Trunk R. R. Wagon Road from Ca^eville, on Pontiac, Oxford & Northern R. R. Wagon Road from Kinde,on Flint & Pere Marquette R. R. Detroit, Grand Rapids & Western R. R. Summer Boarding Houses. Orchard Lake Hotel. Sylvan Lake Inn. Boarding Houses. Club House. Seven Islands House Tinkham House. Neff House. Middleton House. locality. (map numbers in parenthesis.) Sylvan Lake. (119). Topinabee. (71)..... Torch Lake. (77) Traverse Lake Re- sort. (80).......... Vandercook's Lake (98)................ Whitmore Lake, (124)............... Same as Orchard Lake. Mackinaw Division Michigan Cen- tral R. R. Inland Route Steamers. Wagon Road from Stations on Chicago & West Michigan R. R. Local Steamers. Wagon Road from Solon, on Man- istee & Northeastern R. R. Wagon Road from Jackson. Ann Arbor R. R. Same as Orchard Lake. Pik Forbe's House MINERAL AND SANITARY SPRINGS. LOCALITY. (MAP NUMBERS IN PARENTHESIS.) Ba3' Port Mineral Water.............. (Bay Port.) Clark's Mineral Bath House. (1)----..... (Detroit.) Crystal Water Co. Ltd. (104)......... (Bay City.) Eastman's Mineral Springs—........- Excelsior Mineral Bath House. (67).. (Benton Harbor.) Tuscola, Saginaw & Huron R. R. Lake Boats. Same as Detroit. All Lines to Bay City. Same as Benton Harbor. Bay Port Hotel. Same as Detroit. All Hotels in Bay City. Same as Benton Harbor. LOCALITY. (MAP NUMBERS IN PARENTHESIS.) Mt. Clemens. (112) .. " Original " Bath House. Clementine Bath House. Medea Bath House. Fountain Bath House. New Park Hotel and Bath House. The Colonial. The New Egnew. Ne-che-mo Springs. (105).......--...... (Reed City.) Grand Trunk R. R. Lake St. Clair and Clinton River Boats. Flint & Pere Marquette R. R. Grand Rapids & Indiana R. R. Hoa- rding Randall's Hotel. Dining Hall. Boarding House. Lake House. Clifton House. The Averv. TheCrvsial. The Clifton. Detroit House. The Egnew. The Fenton. Hall House. King House. Hotel Linden. Hotel Monroe. National Hotel. The Sherman. The Villa. Gilbert House. The King. National Hotel. St. Elmo. LOCALITY. (MAP NUMBERS IN PARENTHESIS.) Oak Grove Mineral Well. (106).......... (Flint.) Port Huron Mineral Bath Co. (107)..... (Port Huron.) Salutaris Water...... (St. Clair Springs.) Sand Beach Mineral Water............... (Sand Beach.) Flint & Pere Marquette R. R. Chicago & Grand Trunk R. R. All Lines to Port Huron. Same as St. Clair. Same as Harbor Beach. Same as Oak Grove Sanitarium, Flint. All Hotels in Port Huron. Same as St. Clair. Same as Harbor Beach. LOCALITY. (MAP NUMBERS IN PARENTHESIS.) Somerville Mineral Springs----...... (St. Clair.) Welcome Island Lithia Water. (109) (Pontiac.) Ypsilanti Mineral Bath Co. (108)___ (Ypsilanti.) RAILROAD OR STEAMBOAT CONNECTION. Same as St. Clair. Detroit, Grand Haven & Milwau- kee R. R. Grand Trunk R. R. Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Michigan Central R. R. Same as St. Clair Neat House. Occidental. Hawkins House. SANITARIA. LOCALITY. LOCALITY. RAILROAD OR STEAMBOAT Alma Sanitarium. Detroit, Grand Rapids & Western Arcade Hotel. Oak Grove Sanitar- Chicago & Grand Trunk R. R. Bryant House, (110)------------ R. R. R. B. Angel. ium. (106)......___ Flint & Pere Marquette R. R. Crvstal House. (Alma.) Ann Arbor R. R. Wright House. (Flint.) Dibble House. Foster House. Battle Creek Sani- Michigan Central R R. Commercial House. New Dayton. tarium. (Ill)........ Chicago & Grand Trunk R. R. Halladay House. Occidental. (Battle Creek.) Cincinnati, Jackson & Mackinaw Hook Hotel. Oxford House. R. R. Mosher House. Williams House. Perkins House. Sherman House The Park Sanitar- Detroit, Grand Rapids & Western Exchange Hotel. ium. (113).......... R. R. Harrington House. (St. Louis.) Ann Arbor R. R. The Park. 142 JUL 10 1946 &!**"£' ^.^ .-•*■ k NLM001412251