A CATALOGUE PHRENOLOGICAL SPECIMENS, BELONGING TO THE BOSTON PHRENOLOGICAL SOCIETY- I) '■-■ "■ ■/ ii o sto n; PRINTED BY JOHN FORD, 1835. BF 1*35 SPECIMENS FROM THE COLLECTIONS OF THE LATE DR. SPURZHEIM AND J. D. HOLM. [The Casts marked with an asterisk (*) are Masks. Those with a dagger (|; are Sculls. Those without any distinctive marks, ere casts of the whole head. They are numbered in regular order ut the left hand, and those which are introduced as illustrations of certain organs, and do not follow in regular order, may be found by referring to tin; numberi placed at the end of the descriptions.] No 1 2 3 4 5 *6 *7 *8 *9 *10 *11 *12 13 *14 15 16 Dr. J. F. Gall. G. Spurzheim, cast in 1803. do do 1813. do do 1825. Madame do after death, in 1829. Napoleon Bonaparte. Henri Quatre. Oliver Cromwell. Lord Chatham. William Pitt. Lord Brougham. Home Tooke. Jeremy Bentham, after death, July 19, 1832. Charles XII. General Foy, M. C. D. ? Orators and Manuel, do \ Independent Character!. 4 TRIPLICATES. 17 S. Neukomm, cast in 1814. *18 do do 1821. *19 do do July, 1834. See Phrenological Journal, vol. VI. page 487. Marked No. 28 in list of Dr. Gall's collection. Increase of the organs of Ideality and Music. *20 Samuel Taylor Coleridge, cast in 1810. 21 do do ]827,tet54. 22 do after death, July, 1834. Biography in Galignani's edition of poetical DUPLICATES, *23 William Godwin, cast in 1805, by G. Dane. 24 do do Aug. 1830, ast. 74. Increase in the organ of Benevolence. Au- thor of History of the Commonwealth, Caleb Williams, Political Justice, Thoughts on Man, &c. " The motives of human aciiors are feel- ings, passions, or habits. Without feeling we cannot act at all, and without passion we cannot act greatly," says Godwin. 25 St. Jullien, cast in 1824. Literntcur. 26 do do 1833. Private Secretary of Napoleon. 27 George Wright, Painter and Engraver cast in 1828. 28 do cast in 1833. Increase in Constructiveness. 29 Giulio Regondi, cast in 1832. 30 do 1834, set. 13. Musical genius. 31 E. H. cast in 1827. 32 do Aug. 1834. Increase in the organ of Music. 5 33 J. W. H., cast in May, 1827. 34 do Aug. 1834. Increase in the Ante- rior Lobes, &c. 35. F. Mendelssohn Bartholdy, of Berlin, cast in 1829. Grandson of the Philosopher, Moses Mendelssohn. 36. do July, 1833, set. 24. Amateur musical composer. 37 Sophia Pyke,cast in 1829—became an Actress. 38 do 1833. Organs of Imita- tation, Music and Ideality increased. 39 Sarah Newell, miniature painter, cast in 1829. 40 do 1832. 41 Mr. J. II., Surgeon, cast in 1829. 42 do Aug. 1832. Increase of the organs of Ideality, Language, and Ama- tiveness. TEMPERAMENTS. Horace Vernet. Nervous temperament. His- torical painter, grandson of Joseph Vernet, the marine painter. 226. 43 Joseph Daguilar Samoudar. Bilious. 44 Miss Crump. Sanguine. 45 Stikey Hilling. Lymphatic. 46 Lady Angela Stirling, do with sanguine. Augustus de Morgan, do with bilious. 254. NATIONAL S. *47 English form. *48 Celtic do Madame Michat; about south of France, near Lyons. *49 An Casimir. *50 Jew—tribe of Benjamin. do Judah. J. D. Samoudar. 43. 6 *51 Kirkgese. A race (Asiatic) in Siberia. *52 Negro. Angelo—remarkable for his knowl- edge of Languages. •53 Madagascar, (female.) •54 do (male.) *55 Madagascar and Negro. 56 Owhyhee.—Tea pot; native of the spot where Capt. Cook was killed. *57 Tattooed. *58 do f59 African Negro. {60 do do \61 do do {62 do do {63 Burmese—from the camp at Rangoon, where it was dug up. f64 CafFre. Naturally quiet and inoffensive na- tion ; very trusty and fond of applause, and even jealous when bestowed on another. Cautious- ness, considerable; combativtness, moderate. Mr. Brown, who presented this skull to Dr. Spurzheim, has had considerable intercourse with these people, who are just and honorable, and capable of much cultivation. f65 Chinese. f66 do f67 do f68 Calmuc. f69 do {70 Scull from the burial ground of London Hospital. f71 Esquimaux. {72 Esquimaux—Tyloolik; accompanied Captain Parry as interpreter and draughtsman. f73 Flatheaded Indian. {74 Hindoo. {75 Highlander. 7 f76 Madagascar Negress. {77 Mozambique Negro. +78 New Hollander. {79 New Zealander. f80 do f81 do {82 South American Indian. f83 do f84 do f85 Turk—St. Bats. IDIOT S. 86 Pimault. f87 do in Esquirol's collection. Salpetriere. 88 do Brain. She had shown a great deal of pride previously. 89 Sukey Hilling, 60 years of age, height 5 feet 3 inches, weight 13 stone 11 pounds, living at Beccles, Suffolk. Cast I2th of February, 1827. During her youth, she had the cerebellum ac- tive. Has sufficient locality to wander from home in the fields, and finds her way back ; is fond of colors, and submitted to be cast on re* ceiving a gaudy-colored shawl. 89 Tom Franklin, ") The whole family, seven 90 John, | in number, are idiots. The 91 Maria, }> father and mother keep the 92 Mary, jail at Bungay, Suffolk, and 93 Susan, J are frequently intoxicated. +94 Idiot inferior to Ourang Outang. 95 Brain of an Idiot—partial hydrocephalus. 96 do water let out. +97 Ourang Outang. {•98 Malformed Foetus, 8 INSANE. 99 Monsieur L'Abbe, so she styled herself. A religious fanatic, with a great deal of vanity and cunning. 100 Theroine, Robespierre's mistress. Violent, and occupied with political subjects quite fa- natic. <^ 101 Insane Woman. 102 Mitaty—believed in demons. 103 Thick Scull. 104 Calvariuin, from Wenzel's collection Frank- fort. 105 Piece of thick scull. 106 do 107 Hydrocephalus. 108 Hydrocephalic Brain. 109 Carter.—See Phrenological Journal, vol. VI. p. 490, marked No. 33 in Dr. Gall's collection. 110 Mr. C's boy, set. 14 ; addicted to stealing and lying, which he could not resist; fell into des- pair and hung himself. Ill Kleft's boy—of some talent, but melancholy. Hung himself. 112 Brain of a suicide. 113 G. Thompson ? ^ur^eons; great sufferers to despon- mT,i ' > dency ; strong inclinations to commit — Evanson, $ suicia,:. s ALIMENTIVENESS. 115 Buisson, "\ fll6 do Large Harris. 172, f Alimeutiven^ss. Augustus de Morgan. 254, J 117 Mrs. II.; small alitnentiveness, particularly moderate in eatm"; and drinking- 9 DESTRTJCTIVENESS. 118 John Thurtell. fll9 do 120 Lecouffe; son. +,121 Part of scidl of ditto, with the temporal mus- cle taken off on one side, and left on the other, in order to shew the inefficiency of judging by sight, and not by pressure. |122 Lecouffe ; sou. 123 do brain. See Phrenolog. Journal, vol. VI. p. 483. No. 8 in Dr. Gall's collection. 124 Lecouffe ; widow. +125 do 126 • do brain. See Phrenological Journal, vol. VI. p. 480. No. 20 in Dr. Gall's collection. 127 Henry Foldtmann. See Phrenolog. Journal, vol. VI. p. 494, No. 49 in Dr. Gall's collection. 128 Burke, ? ~ m , • , T , inn n '> see Phrenological Journal. 129 1 laic, $ ° 130 Bishop, ? See Lancet and Phrenological 131 Williams, £ Journal. 132 Guichet. See Phrenological Journal, vol. VI. p. 480. No. 18 in Dr. Gall's collection. +,133 Griffiths, executed at Lancaster. {j:*4 Mary Mclunes. {l35 Robert Bruce. {]36 Bellingham. 137 William Corder, set. 24. Executed for the murder of Maria Marten, at Polstead, Suffolk, May, 1828. See English newspapers of this period. 138 Leger. See Phrenological Journal, vol. VII. p. 184. No. 303 in Dr. Gall's collection. 139 Asseliuo; murdered his mistress. Guillo- tined in France. fl40 Destructive Amative Madman. 10 141 Murderess. 142 Elizabeth Cook, alias Ross. Executed at the Old Bailey, London, for Burking. 143 Mrs. H'r a lady of respectability, who, with a string, strangled her cat, for having stolen the fish. 144 Bohours. f 145 do See Phrenological Journal, vol. VI. p. 599. No. 204 in Dr. Gall's collection; marked Boutsours. #146 Dobie, ) Executed at Edinburgh for rape. *L47 Thomson, \ See Times, May 4th, 1830. AMATIVENESS. *148 Millere ; committed rape. 149 Hagmane; highly educated man, seduced his own daughter, who was 28 years of age. fl50 Amative Fortune Teller, who deceived al- most all the nobility of Vienna. She kept two gentlemen. Cerebellum very large. +151 Demarara Planter. Brought home by Capt. Beechy, R. N.; after a series of debauchery and even sodomy, he shot himself. *152 John Miller; sensualist. 153 do back part of head. 154 Catharine Welsh. Executed at the Old Bai- ley, London, for drowning her child, at Fulham, 14th April, 1828. Bxtract from the News, weekly paper, 14th July, 1828. " To the Editor of the News— "Sir, I venture to request that the " News, may be made the medium of the following re- marks, illustrative of a science, which, in this country, only requires to be more known, to be more generally held in higher consideration.— 11 There having appeared in the public prints, some observations on the development of the skull of Catherine Welsh made by a Phrenolo- gist, which were stated to be in contradiction with her character, a cast was obtained from which the above sketch was taken. The organ of Philoprogenitiveness is large, but that of physical love and the whole region of the animal propensities very large, while that of the moral and religious sentiments, and of the reflective faculties are proportionally small. This unfortunate woman had a child pre- vious to her marriage, and had concealed the fact from her husband ; he, on discovering the circumstance, left her, saying that he never would return until it was put out of the way. She took the child to the father, who placed it in the workhouse, but it was returned to her. Finding all other means fail, she resolved to drown it rather than lose the society of her husband, and all other social advantages. It was given in evidence on her trial, that while walking near the place where the body was found, she was observed to suffer severely from conflicting feelings; and that she suckled the child and caressed it with all the fondness of a mother previous to the fatal occurrence. I am, Sir, Your very obed't Servant, (Signed) H. H. Holm. 8 Gower St. July, 8,1828. PHILOPROGENITIVENESS. 155 Infanticide. French. Mitaty. Large Philoprogenitiveness. 102. 1-2 lou Dr. B de Sanctis, small do. Mrs. Wheeler. Inconsolable at the loss of her daughter. 209. ATTACHMENT. 157 Ileloise. See Phrenological Journal, Vol. VI. p. 409. No. 78 in Dr. Gall's Collection. 158 Nicholas Steinberg. Murdered his mistress and four children, and afterwards committed suicide, 9th Sept. 1834. Phrenological devel- opment in the 'News,' 21st. Sept. (herewith) by J. D. Holm. INHABITIVENESS. A. R. W. a lady who feels pleasure in con- templating the certainty of her remaining at home ; large Inhabitiveness. 280. J. Bentham. Seldom or ever left his house, but took air in his garden ; large Inhabitive- ness. 13. COMBATIVENESS. Robert Bruce. 135. 159 Captain Varal, of Napoleon's Imperial Guards, had fought ninety six duels and was engaged to fight six more when the cast was taken, 1831. +160 Georges Cadoudal, a conspirator against Bonaparte with the Pichegrus ; employed by the English government. See Phrenological Journal. Vol. VI. p. 483. No. 86 in Dr. Gall's Collection. 13 SECRETIVENESS. IGl Cunning Debtor. Hungarian. A very sly man, described by Dr. Gall, Vol. IV. p. 186. 1.3. 162 Chevalier le Leivre. See Phrenological Journal, Vol. VI. p. 492. No. 42 in Dr. Gall's Collection. 163. Baume; was employed by the Jesuits when a child. ACQUISITIVENESS. 164 Ratta and 165 Malaguti, entered the shop of an Exchange Broker named Joseph, and dropped a bag of gold ; when Joseph stooped to pick it up, they struck him violently and left him senseless, taking with them all the gold they could lay their hands upon ; this they buried in a field which they frequented so continually that it excited suspicion. They were executed at Paris. Malaguti was an excellent mechanic and invented a grinding machine, in which they intended to conceal their stolen property and return to their country, (Italy). 166. Smithers, set fire to his house in Oxford street, London, for the purpose of defrauding the insurance office. See account of his de° velopment, by Dr. Elliotson, in the Lancet and Phrenological Journal, 1832. Executed at the Old Bailey. 167 Dumb Thief of Vienna. This boy was one of those in whom Dr. Gall observed the situa- tion of this organ ; he wished to become a tailor in order that he might have an opportu- nity of stealing. Described by Dr. Gall, Vol. IV. p. 203,1. 12. 14 168 St. Simon, a man of very unsettled mind j he wished to become very rich at the com- mencement of the French Revolution. He was guided by vanity, under Napoleon, and tried to prove he was a descendant of Charles the Great, and published on that subject; under the Bourbons he wrote on Political Economy, and formed a school in which the industrious were to be at the head of the ad- ministration. Many young men followed hia opinions. He likewise established a new sys- tem of marriage. 169 Gaetan Louis Fontana. Cast, July, 1833. A disciple of St. Simon. CONST RtJCTIVEN ESS. 170 Louis Palmerino. Inventor of a new kind of manual calculating engine. *171 Brunei. Architect of the Thames tunnel, &c. 172 Serquet. Harp maker. 173 Harris. Chronometer maker. +,174 Guillotine. Inventor of the so called be- heading instrument. *175 Voigtlander. Mathematician and Mathemat- ical instrument maker. *176 M. Streicher. Teacher of music and maker of instruments. 177 Conrad Bruntz. Inventor of a new kind of mill and player on several instruments. See account of his organization in Lancet, 1834. Wright. Engraver. 28. Babbage. Inventor of the Calculating Engine. 234. 178 Pierre Couty. Mechanical talent. 15 CAtlTIOTJSNES S. |179 Cautious Maniac. Madame de Laborde Bussoni. Large caution, causing her to be very despondent. 268. Ev^son ^lT™*' ^ \ Lar«e CaUti°n- LOVE OF APPROBATION. Mons. L'Abbe", insane on love of Approba- tion. 99. 180 Denon, whose vanity is even shown in the physiognomy of the bust. A. R. W. 280. SELF-ESTEEM. 181 Schlabendorf. See Phrenological Journal, Vol. VI. p. 484. No. 12 in Dr. ^Gall's Collec- tion. 182 Dr. Chervin. Independent character. BENEVOLENCE. 183 John Bacon; good natured fellow, never seen in an ill humor. Mrs. Wheeler. 209, i Humane and benevolent " Booth. 279, £ ladies. Good Phrenolo- Miss Noble. 277, ) gists. VENERATION. 184 Roland. See Phrenological Journal, Vol. VI. p. 488. 185 Do. Top of Skull. No. 30 in Dr. Gall's Collection. 186 Do Brain. 16 187 Dr. Joseph Tuckerman. 188 Religious enthusiast. 189 Rowland Hill. FIRMNESS. 190 Hirchfeld. Small firmness, indecisive. A. R. \V. 280. Schlabendorf. 181. CONSCIENTIOUSNESS. 191 Lomare. Teacher of languages; he took an active part in the French Revolution, but desisted when injustice was practised; large conscientiousness. Spurzheim. 4. Coleridge. 21. HOPE. 192 B. Smith ; his large hope and acquisitive- ness made him a great speculator. Evanson ; small hope. 114. MARVELLOUS!* ESS. 193 Destaisniers. 194 Dr. T.; abuses much his marvellousness. 195 Visionary. *196 Varley. Astrologer and inventor of the 4 ' ldolographi' ? Idoscope. #197 Hey. A gentleman who considered if he tried, could ruin government by gaining all the prizes in the lotteries, constantlyinventing ma- chines ; immense hope. *198 Mitchell. A soi-distant prophet and a vision- ary. 17 IDEALITT|. fl99 Alexander Pope. 200 Sestini. See Phrenological Journal, Vol. VI. p. 590. |201 do. Skull. No. 148 in Dr. Gall's Collec- tion. 202 do. Brain. 203 Sir Walter Scott. Coleridge. 21. 204 Thomas Campbell. *205 William Roscoe. Author of the "Life of Leo X." 206 Dr. Bowring. 207 Deacon. Editor of the Portsmouth Journal. 208 Legouve'. See Phrenological Journal, Vol. VI. p. 483. No. 44 in Dr. Gall's Collection. 209 Mrs. Wheeler. Mother of Mrs. Ed. Lytton Bulwer. 210 Miss Stirling Graham. 211 Mrs. Hall. Authoress of the "Buccaneer" and " Irish Sketches." A. R. W. A highly accomplished and ele- gant lady. 280. WIT. 212 Mrs. Hope. Converts every thing into fun, Large Mirthfulness. Madame Bussoni. Large Wit. 268. Pope. Large Wit. 199. Mrs. Hall. 211. I M I T A|T ION. f213 Charles Mathews. {214 Edmund Kean. 215 Goldschmidt. Great imitator. f216 Massey. Ventriloquist. 1* 18 217 Massey. Mouth; the most difficult position in which he could retain it. f218 Junger. Actor. {219 Actor. Sophia Pyke. 38. INDIVIDUALITY. 220 Miss Harriet Martineau. 221 Dr. Pinel. •222 Beclard. The Anatomist; large Individu- ality and form. J. Bentham. 13. Roscoe. 205. R. B. Sheridan. 273. FORM. 223 Girodet. Historical painter. 224 Taylor. Collector of"paintings, &c. f225 Bacon. Sculptor. 226 Horace Vernet. 227 Cohen. Lithographer. 228 Vander Kleft. Amateur sculptor and painter. 229 Bailly. Sculptor. SIZE. 230 McAdam. Civil Engineer. *231 Wyvill. Draughtsman. 232 S. L. Kent. Can tell accurately how many yards of a carpet will cover any sized room. WEIGHT. 233 La Place. *234 Babbage. Mathematician. 19 COLOR. +235 Norbel. Colorist. 236 Nottingham Genius. Dr. Spurzheim saw this man occupied as a bricklayer's laborer, at Nottingham ; by the advice of Dr. S. he studied the fine arts, and is now teacher of music and painting. 237 Sir William Beechey. Portrait painter to the king. 238 Hippolyte Bruyeres. A rising historical painter of Paris. Son-in-law of the late Dr. Spurzheim. *239 Ottley. Small Color. *240 George Owen. Attorney. Cannot distin- guish between red and green. *241 Milne *242 do. Cousins. Small Color. LOCALITY. 243 Capt. Walker. Traveller. *244 Fraser. Do. 245 Travelling Servant from Munich ; the first individual in whom Dr. Gall noticed the or- gan of Locality. *246 Humboldt. *247 Schcidler. 248 Buckingham, M. P. Traveller in Asia and Africa. 249 Dr. Clarke. Traveller in Russia, Sweden, and Norway. CALCULATION. -(250 Descartes. 251 *252 Vienna Calculator, in whom Dr. Gall first discovered this organ. 20 *253 Whewell. Mathematician, of Cambridge. 254 Augustus de Morgan. Babbage. 234. *255 Nottingham Calculator. La Place. 233. EVENTUALITY. 257 Hering. Surgeon. Roscoe. 205. Sheridan. 273. ORDER. Mrs. H. 117, '■ > Large TIME. *258 J. Barrett. Librarian of Trinity College, Dublin. See Phrenological Journal, Vol. VI. Cohen. Very deficient Time. 227. TUNE. *259 Haydn. *260 Dussek. Musical composer for Piano. 261 Gretry. See Phrenological Journal, Vol. VI. p. 586. No. 186 in Dr. Gall's Collection. 262 Blagrove. Violinist, fifteen years old ; then leader of the orchestra at Birmingham. 263 Madame Schrceder Devrient. Celebrated German singer. 264 Richmond. Imitates the musical snuff-box with his voice. Large Imitation, Music, and Constructiveness. *265 Lambley. Died insane on music. 21 *266 Litz. See Phrenological Journal, Vol. VI. p. 497. No. 65 in Dr. Gall's Collection. *267 Joseph 2nd. See Phrenological Journal, Vol. VI. p. 487. No. 27, in Dr. Gall's Collection. 268 Madame Bussoni. An accomplished Italian singer and composer. f269 Frederick the Great. Mendelssohn Bartholdy. 36. Giulio Regondi. 30. *270 Miss Paton, aged 8. *271 Ann Omerod, of the blind school at Liver- pool. 272 Maitland. West Indian; has no idea of Tune. LANGUAGE. 273 R. B. Sheridan. 274 Thelwall. Lecturer on Elocution. 275 Cicero. Godwin. 24. Coleridge. 22. St. Jullien. 26. Angelo. 52. 276 Miss Sheridan. Authoress of the " Comic Offering." 277 Miss Noble. 278 Mrs. Grimstone. Authoress of " Cleone," " Woman's Love," " Character," " Louisa Egerton," and several articles in the maga- 279 Mrs. Booth. 280 A. R. W. 281 Miss Macauley. Mrs. Wheeler. 209. Mrs. Hall. 211. Miss Stirling Graham. 210. 22 Miss Crump. Authoress of the "Mum- my." 44. Pitt. 10. Lord Chatham. 9. HorneTooke. 12. *283 Sir J. E. Smith, the botanist. *282 Dr. Macartney. Small Language. COMPARISON. Gall. 1. Spurzheim. 4. Babbage. 234. CAUSALITY. Gall. 1. Spurzheim. 4. English Form. 47. Godwin. 24. Ln Place. 233. 284 Dr. Elliotson. 285 Extraordinary long brain. 286 Scull of a fcetus. Four small marked busts. One box of Bally's little heads. N. B. Nearly all the Combinations of or- gans required are to be found in the foregoing specimens. CATALOGUE OF MASKS, SCULLS, AND CASTS OF HEADS, COLLECTED FROM VARIOUS SOURCES BELONGING TO THE BOSTON PHRENO- LOGICAL SOCIETY. MASKS. 287 Lord Bacon. Taken from a statue. Of this Dr. Gall says, " the forms are larger than natural, but they indicate the source of the extraordinary genius of the philosopher. They present the largest endowment of the organs which constitute the highest intelligence. The head is for philosophy, what the head of Mo- zart and Rossini are for music, and those of Homer, Tasso, and Milton for poetry. 288 Dr. Park, of London. Organ of Locality largely developed. 289 Holman, the blind traveller, well known to the public by his volume of travels. The or- gan of Locality large. 290 Irish Traveller ; celebrated for his great de- sire to visit foreign countries. He spends no time in any place which he visits, but merely passes through them. Organ of Locality very large. 24 291 Sir Isaac Newton. Probably taken from a statue. The organs of Locality and Number are largely developed ; also Size and Weight. 292 Zerah Col burn. Organ of Number large. 293 George Bidder. Number very large. He was remarkable for the faculty of calculation. 294 Vienna Calculator; in whom Dr. Gall first discovered the organ of Number, which is very large. 295 Anne Ormerod. Tune extremely defective. 296 Large Time with very small Tune. 297 Haydn. Musical composer. Tune and Time both large. 298 Newkomm. Musical composer. Tune and Veneration very large. 299 Von Weber. Musical composer. Time, Tune, Ideality, and Wonder large. See Ed. Phren. Journal, p. 300, No. 14. 300 Tasso. Ideality and Wonder large. See Ed. Phren. Journal, No. 25, p. 487. 301 Oldham. An ingenious mechanic; taken at the age of 36. Imitation and Constructiveness large. 302 Oldham taken at the age of 51; showing an increase of the organ of Constructiveness. 303 Garrick. Probably from a statue. A large development of Imitation, Ideality, and Mirth- fulness. 304 Canova. Taken after death. The organs of Form, Size, Individuality, Locality, Con- structiveness, and Ideality, and, in fine, all the organs necessary for the greatness of his gen- ius, are largely developed. 305 Karner Vaider. Famous for cutting cari- catures extempore with the aid of scissors only. Organ of Imitation, Mirthfulness, Form, Size, and Constructiveness are large. 25 306 Laurence Sterne. Organ of Mirthfulnees is largely developed. 307 A young lady with large Eventuality. 308 Joannis (Frangais). Organ of Individuality large. 309 J. Home Tooke. Individuality, Eventual- ity, and Language large ; corresponding to the well known character of Tooke. 310 Voltaire. From a statue. The organs of Language, Mirthfulness, and Ideality are largely developed. 311 John Muller. A German historian. Dr. Gall considered this as a perfect model of the organization, which disposes to philosophical studies. The organ of Language is unusually large. 312 R. R. Jones, of Liverpool. Language very large. Reflective organs small. Jones was dis- tinguished for his love of the languages^ although his intellect was inferior. 313 Idiotic Woman. 314 315 316 317 W. M. Goodrich. Organ builder of East Cambridge. Mr. Goodrich was celebrated for the superiority of his instruments; they were famous for the excellence of their tone, as well as for the excellence of their construction. Benevolence, Tune, and Constructiveness large. 318 George Flagg. Artist. 319 Pindar. From the Antique. 320 ------Stone. Architect. Size, Locality, and Number large. 321 Mr. P------. A young poet of Yale Col- lege. Ideality very large. 26 322 M. G-------A Lieutenant in the navy; celebrated for his skill in mathematics. Num- ber large. 323 N. S. Josselyn. Portrait painter. Large Size, Locality and Imitation. 324 Martin Martins. Large Ideality and reflec- tive organs. 325 President Day, of Yale College. Order, Lo- cality, Individuality, and Language large. 326 G. Barnet. 327 Professor Taylor, of Yale College. Ideality large. 328 H. Harrison. 329 John Mansfield. 330 David Gould. Individuality, Locality, Or- der, and Size, large. 331 William H. Brown. Distinguished for his remarkable skill in cutting profile likenesses of the whole person. Large Size, Form, and Constructiveness. 332 Abraham Courtney. A blind man, well known in Boston ; remarkable for his love of travelling, and his faculty of finding places, being familiar with all the streets and lanes in Boston, Cincinnati, and New York. Since he was blind, he has travelled by himself in nearly every State in the Union. Organ of Locality uncommonly large. 333 Napoleon. Taken by Dr. Antommachi after death. See report on file. 334 Large Order. SCULLS AND CASTS OF SCULLS. 335 Spurzheim. From a mould made for the Society, by Dr. Nathaniel B. Shurtleff. 336 Base of the anterior part of the cranium of 27 Spurzheim; taken from the original scull, in * order to show the size of the frontal sinus, and lower part of the anterior lobes. 337 Interior of the scull of Spurzheim. This cast is inaccurately taken, being half an inch too high. 338 Obstinate man. Firmness very large. 339 Once erroneously supposed to be a cast of the scull of Raphael. Benevolence, Imitation, ann Constructiveness large. 340 Milliner of Vienna. Constructiveness and Love of Approbation large. She was known to Dr. Gall as very expert in her trade. 341 The Austrian General Wunnser. He com- manded the Austrian army in Italy, and was defeated by General Bonaparte. He was en- dowed with prodigious courage. This, and attachment to his friends formed prominent traits in his character. The organs of Com- bativeness and Adhesiveness are remarkably large, and Cautiousness small. 342 Timid Female. Dr. Spurzheim used to show this in contrast with that of Wurmser. The organ of Combativeness being small, and Cau- tiousness largely developed. 343 Dr Hette, of Vienna. Remarkable for cher- ishing an antipathy to the society of women. He was also timid, and lived always alone, or in houses inhabited only by old men. The cerebellum is small, and the organs of Secre- tiveness, Cautiousness, Hope, Reverence, and Approbativeness, large. 344 Bichat. Celebrated anatomist. His favorite theory was that there should be perfect sym- metry in all things. His scull is remarkable for want of symmetry in the hemispheres. 345 Top and base of a remarkably thick scull of 28 a woman, who, at the age of fifty enjoyed the use of all her faculties. From this period her scull thickened gradually by disease, and her faculties became impaired in the same ratio, until she died at the age of sixty. The average thickness of her scull is about one inch. 346 Whitefield, the celebrated preacher. Taken from the original scull at Newburyport. See papers on file. 347 Mr. S------. Mirthfulness large. Hope small. 348 Preparation of the falx and tentorium. Pre- pared by Dr. Nathaniel B. Shurtleff. The scull is that of an aged negro. 349 Male scull. 350 Female scull. 351 Female scull. 352 Gibbs, the pirate, who was executed in New York a few years since. 353 Wamsley, his coadjutor, who was convicted for the same crime, and suffered at the same time. 354 Madeline Albert. A young girl of Moulines, in France, who, for some trifling provocation, killed her mother and two sisters with a hatchet. She afterwards showed no contrition for the crime. 355 Hindoo. 356 Chinese, of Tartar race. 357 Egyptian Mummy. 358 Peruvian. Back part of the head flattened. 359 Carib. 360 New Hollander. 361 Bengallee. 362 363 North American Indian, who was shot many years since while prowling round a house in 29 the interior of Massachusetts. Combativeness, Destructiveness, and Secretiveness uncom- monly large. Benevolence deficient. See re- port on file. 364 A Choctaw Indian, obtained about three hundred miles above Natchez. This is be- lieved to be a fair specimen of this tribe of In- dians, who are extremely degraded, manifest- ing in their character no love of approba- tion. 365 A cast taken from the scull of an Indian of the Wyandot tribe, in Mr. Dorfeuille's Mu- seum, Cincinnati. 366 A cast taken from the scull of Pepick, a dis- tinguished Winnebago Chief, who was killed at Chicago, in 1812, at the head of a party of his tribe by the American troops. 367 This cast was taken from one of three simi- larly marked crania in the possession of S. Willis Pomeroy, of Cincinnati. He procured them five miles above the Great Kanawha on the Ohio River. There are good reasons for supposing it to be a specimen of the Shawnee tribe of Indians. 368 A cast of a scull obtained from an Indian burying ground about two and a half miles in the rear of Natchez, Several sculls were obtained at the same time ; they were found in a horizontal position, with the right hand ex- tended by the side, and the left hand placed across the breast. They are supposed from various circumstances, to be the crania of the Natchez Indians. 369 A cast of a scull taken from a mound in Cincinnati, Ohio, and supposed to be a fair specimen of the crania which properly belong to the mounds of our country. It is called by 2* 30 Dr. W. B. Powell, to whom the Society is in- debted for these valuable casts, the ''Monu- mental Indian." 370 A Peruvian Indian. Obtained from a ceme- tery, in which no interments have been made since the conquest by Pizarro, near a Temple of the Sun, about twenty miles to the South- ward of Lima. The organization very closely resembles that of No. 369, which Dr. P. calls the "Monumental Indian." 371 Saiil to be that of a North American Indian. Probably a Peruvian. 372 Indian scull, found in an Indian burying ground in Georgia. Supposed to have been buried several centuries. Constructiveness large. See report on file. 373 Scull of North American Indian. . 374 Delgardo. One of the pirates, who robbed the Mexican, and who committed suicide in Leverctt street jail, in Boston. See report by Mr. Fowle, published in the 2d vol. of Annals. 375 ^ 376 | 377 I o7q > Natives of Bengal. Mussulmans. 379 | 380 J 381 1 382 | 383 {.Natives of Bengal. Hindoos. 384 885 J 386 Scull found on the banks of the Ganges, probably of the Caucassian race. Amativeness very large. 387 Hindoo child. National characteristics strongly marked. 31 Two sculls found while repairing the for- tifications of Fort Independence ; supposed to be of Caucassian race. CASTS OF HEADS. 90 Ostinelli. Musician. 391 Chevalier de Lyon. He was the poisoner of many women. 392 Boutillier. He was executed at Paris, for murdering his mother, in order to obtain her titles and property. Having perpetrated the crime, he assumed a false name, but being convicted of various robberies, he was con- demned to the galleys, and there recognised as the murderer of his widowed mother. Dr. Gall says that " this head is remarkable for an extreme development of the organs from which arise the worst propensities,—(Secre- tiveness, Acquisitiveness, and Destructive- ness); while at the same time the organs of intellect, and of their superior sentiments are deficient." 393 Martin. Murderer of his father. Firmness, Self-Esteem, Acquisitiveness, and Destructive- ness large. He was remarkable for his insub- ordination and extreme obstinacy. 394 Charles D'Autun, (ex-military surgeon) ; head cast from nature. Autun was executed at Paris, for the murder of his brother, whom he cut into parts and distributed over Paris, hoping thereby to render the search of the police more difficult, and to impress the belief that the scattered limbs were parts of anatomi- cal subjects. His object was to be sole heir of the little patrimony left by his father. His 32 trial brought out that he was a false, dissent bling, and covetous character. Dr. Gall says, that "the organ of Acquisitiveness is devel- oped in a remarkable degree, and that of Se- cretiveness is also large." 395 Antoine Le Blanc. Cast of the head after death. Le Blanc murdered the family of Mr. Sayre, in Morristown, N. J., that he might, by procuring the property, be able to marry a young woman in his native country. The or- gans of Destructiveness, Secretiveness, and Acquisitiveness were enormously developed in his head. That of Adhesiveness is large ; but those of the perceptive faculties are very deficient. 396 Gibbs, the Pirate. Destructiveness very large. 397 John Pallet, (murderer of Mr. Mumford); cast of the head after death. This cast is marked according to the former marking of Mr. Combe. For a very full account of Pal- let, see the Ed. Phren. Journal. 398 Caesar Reynolds ; cast of the head after death. This negro was executed at Hartford, Conn., for the murder of the keeper of the Connecticut State Prison. His head is re- markable for the size of the occipital region, and the smallness of the sincipital. The or- gans of Firmness and Destructiveness are very largely developed. Those of the reflective fac- ulties are small, while those of the lower per- ceptive are rather large. 399 William Teller; cast of the head after exe- cution. Teller was the accomplice of Caesar. His head shows a larger development of the reflective faculties, though smaller affective. Teller, it is said, first conceived the idea and devised the plan of escaping from prison. It 33 was his intention that the keeper should have been gagged, but Caesar, who was chosen to carry the plan into execution, was not content with doing this, but under the influence of his destructive feelings, committed the murder, for which both atoned, by the last punishment of the law. 400 Mark Winslovv. Notorious for manufactur- ing and altering counterfeit money. Sentenced to State Prison for life, but cut his throat in Leverett street jail. Secretiveness very large. Hope small. 401 Henry Joseph ; (the murderer of Captain Crosby, executed at Boston, December 2, 1834.) In the head of Joseph, more commonly known as the black cook, the organs of Self- esteem, Love of Approbation, Combativeness, and Destructiveness are largely developed. 402 Luigi Amari. A cast of the upper part of a head, presented to the Society by Baron Pisani of Sicily. This is a remarkable head. The individual was supposed to be insane, The organs of Causality, Comparison, Rever- ence, Combativeness, Amativeness, and De- structiveness are very large, and Cautiousness, Conscientiousness, Hope, and Love of Appro- bation very small. 403 Brown, executed at Providence, 1834, for highway robbery. 404 Amos Miner, executed at the same time and place with Brown for murder. 405 Major Mitchell. This boy is now in the State Prison, of Maine, undergoing the sen- tence awarded him for his cruelty. Destruc- tiveness is very large. See Annals, Vol. II. 406 Idiot girl, who died at Cork, aged 17. 407 Idiot man, who died at Amsterdam, aged 25, 34 408 Dr. Gall. From a cast said to have been taken by Spurzheim. It is believed to be a correct likeness. 409 W. B. Fowle, Esq. 410 Penniman. Ornamental Painter. 411 Frangois Cordonnier. Poet. 412 H. J. Finn. Comedian. Comparison very large. Back part of the cast inaccurate. 413 Henry Mackenzie. Author of Man of Feel- ing. 414 Asa Low, Esq. Paper manufacturer in Ver- mont. Organs of Causality, Mirth and Ac- quisitiveness remarkably large. See report on file. 415 Professor Nuttall. Naturalist. 416 Dr. Benjamin Rush. Intellectual organs, and Love of Approbation very large. See report on file. ATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE NLM OmHOMbt 1 NLM041404661