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A
DISCOURS
DELIVERED BEFORE  THt
HUMANE   SOCIETY
OI  THS
COMMONWEALTHorM^niGH^jEm
oth June, 1795,
Bt  JOHN  BROOKS, a.a. & m.m.s.
.*.,
'^<L

'■1 ,.  ■-■ i ■:
                BOSTON:
Printed by T. Fleet, jun. at the bible & heart, cornhill.
MDCCXCV. 
       4ft a Semiannual Mating of the Humane  SdciEfir^
                 Boston, June gtb,  1795.
  VOTED, That the President,/r/7 Vice President, fecutd
Vice President, Hon. Judge Sumner, andthe Hbn. Willia^
Shepard, Efq; be a Committee to wait upon the Hon. John Brooks
Efq ; and return him the thanks of this Society for his ingenious and elegant
Difcourfe delivered this day j and to requefi of him a copy for the Prefs.
               True Copy of Record*
                          Atteji.
                          JOHN AVERT, jun. Rec. Secretary/
                                   Boston, June gth, 1795*
    Gentlemen,
  I feel myfelf highly honoured by the vote of the Humane Society*
Which you have been pleafed (o politely  to communicate,  A copy
of the Difcourfe is herewith inclofed,  and refpe&fully fubmitted ta
your difpofal.  In addition to my earneft wifhes for the fuccefs of the
Inftitution, be pleafed to accept of the aflurances of refpeel with
Which I have the honour to be,
                           Gentlemen,
                              Your moll Obedient,
                                  Humble Servant,
Hod. Thomas Russitt, Efq,
Jonathan Mason, Efq.
John  Warrbn, M. D.        Y  Committee.
Hon.  Judge Summer*
Hon. Wil-iiam Shepard, Efq.
}
JOHN BROOKS. 
         P  I  S   C  O  U  R  S  E,  &g,       f


      Mr. President,
           and Gentlemen of the Humane Society,

     X OUR Inftitution, which  has invited us hither ?it
this time,  prcfents itfelf to us ii> a twofold light.  While
it is calculated  to  awaken  and invigorate fome  of the beft
principles of the heart, it  contemplates the relations which
fubfift between  the human body and the various  objects by
which it is furrounded.

  To  explain the moral branch of the inftitution  and to in-
culcate the precepts  of it, are among the  plealing duties
which fall within the province  of another profeflion, whofe
learning and eloquence, I  may with  confidence add, will
ever be employed in diffufing a fpirit  of genuine bene-
                                               volence. 
  4
 volence  and philanthropy.  It will therefore be more con-
 genial with your wiflies, and  my profeifion, to  employ a
 few of the prefent moments in fome confederations relating
 to medical fcience.   And as from the lefTons of experience
 we  frequently derive  the moft  powerful correctives,  a
 general,  though curfory view  of the pad (late of the  heal-
 ing art, may not prove unprofitable, although the fpeaker
 has fuch  flight claims to the talent of rendering it pleafing.
 The fubject may afford motives to prompt the phyfician
 and  the philofopher  to  the purfuit of thofe means, which
 have a tendency to develop  the relations fubfi fling  be-
 tween the different parts of the great fyftem of nature, which
 fall within their cognizance, and thereby to improve not only
 the ftate of medical  knowledge, but that  of phyficks in
 general.

  When we confider, that  mankind have at all times been
 fufceptible of difeafe and accident—when we confider their
natural averfion to pain, and the avidity with which a free-
 dom from it is fought—when we confider further, the in-
 quifitive  nature of man, and the  opportunity  he  has  had
 fully to indulge the exercife of  this propenfity, wc are ready
 to wonder at the flow progrefs of the healing art, and at
 the imperfect ftate in which we find it.   But more deli-
 berate reflection will  place this fubjecl: in a jufter light.
For, when,  on  the other hand, we reflect  on the infinitely
Complex  and delicate ftructure of the human body, and
                                                  the 
                  ■••-.,..                      s
the correfponding variety and degrees of difeafe and acci-
dent to which it is liable—when we, reflect on the endlefs
relations and connections  which fubfift  between the body
and the other parts of the fyftem of nature, and that the re-
fult of thefe relations is afcertainable only by obfervation and
experiment—to which considerations, if we add the  Ihort-
nefs of life, and the  circumfcribed  nature  of the human
faculties, we muft acknowledge that thefe impediments to
the progrefs of the art, although they  arife neceflarily from
the nature  of things, are  truly  formidable.   We may
however, with confidence  obferve, that,  had thefe been the
only impediments the art has had to encounter, the prefent:
ftate  of it  muft have been much more perfect than  it
actually is.   But to the above enumerated natural  impedi-
ments, we muft fuperadd others,  which, though accidental
and factitious, are numerous and influential.
  Philosophy, of which medicine is an important branch,
has at different periods of time,  been oppofed and depreffed
by fome  of  the moft active and powerful  paflions  of the
human heart—and mperftition, fanaticifm, and tyranny have4
with alacrity, lent their aid in the inglorious  work.
  In the wars and  revolutions which have perpetually agi-
tated  the world, do  we net difcern powerful  inftruments
of retardation, not only in  medical, but in general fcience ?
The fhocks  and convulfions of ftates and empires, if they
                                                  d<? 
  6
dp not feduce men by the glare of dims, the pomp of wae,
or the pride of command, to participate in  fcenes of blood
and carnage, at leaft, deftroy that fteady compofure of intel-
lect fo indifpenfably requifite for the fuccefsful purfuit of
fcientifical inveftigation.   Thofe eventful moments raife
and inflame the angry paffions, difengage the mind from its
moft rational purfuits, and fix it with earned folicitude on
the means of fafety, or of revenge.   Few men  could, like
Archimedes, continue the folution of a geometrical problem
under  the terrors of the fword,  or  like a  late European
chemift,  when under capital fentence, folicit a fhort reprieve,
that he might only be indulged the opportunity of commu-
nicating a profeffional difcovery.
  In connection with thefe caufes,  and indeed as incidental
thereto, the frequent wanton and indifcriminate deftruction
of books  and other monuments  of learning, obtrudes itfelf
upon the reluctant mind.*  Who can recollect without indig-
nant emotion, the fate of that noble and ftupendous collection
of ancient learning, deftroyed by the mercenary legions of the
firft Caefar ? Or the fimilar deftruction in the fame ill-fated
city, though at a much later period, by the blind fanaticifm
of a ferocious fuperftition ?  Who can e.ftimate the lofs fufr
tained by philofophy in thefe unparrelled inftances of literary
devaftation ?  The moft correct information leads  us  to de-
plore,  in thefe two inftances,  the conflagratipn  of at lqaft,
nine hundred  thoufand  books, at a  time when  the art of
                                               printing 
                                                     7
printing was unknown, and when moft probably, in numer-
ous inftances, the rich refult of a whole life  devoted  to
phyfical  refearch;  was comprefted into a folitary volume.

   But another impediment  to philofbphical  improvement
has been the coriftant and almoft  unfverfal paflion for fpecu-
lative and hypothetical fyftems;   On the fcience of metaphy-
ficks, philofophers may indulge  themfelves perhaps  inno-
cently in fpeculating unintelligibly or even abfurdly to art
extreme j becaufe mankind will not  be  affected  by the
iflue.   Notwithftanding the celebrated Bifhop Berkley and
Mr. Hume, exerted all their ingenuity and art to excite a be-
lief in the non-exiftence  of a material world,  they feem  in
practice to have difregarded their own theory  ; and to have
governed themfelves by the maxims of prudence,  and the
principles of common fenfe.  But in medicine, which is a
practical art, as well as a  liberal fcicrice, the fame obferva-
tions will not apply.  A falfe theory, like  an ignis fatuust
may miflead and  bewilder the phyfician,  arid confequeritly
prove fatal to  thoufands*
  Preeminent talents have feldom failed to command thg
refpect and applaufe of the world ;  and nothing has been
confidered as demonftrating the  reality of fuck talents fo
inconteftably as original  invention.    The   talent  of in-
vention impofes itfelf upon the world as a creative  faculty.
Hence men of genius and  ambition, difdainirig the humble
                                                  and 
*
 and progreflive  method of acquiring  knowledge by  obfer-
 vation, experiment and indudion, have  been tempted, by
 bold and  daring  flights  of the imagination, to leap the
 bounds of nature—and thus, conjedure has been fubftituted
 for  demonftration, and hypothefis for truth.

   Whenever a fyftem  is invented,  however irrational in
 itfelf,  or  to what  confequcnces  foever it may tend, pride
 and a  variety of auxiliary paflions are engaged in its fup-
 port.  For  although a fondnefs  for knowledge, and  a love *
 of truth be natural to the human underftanding, the paf-
 fions are fometimes found to be hoftile to both.  How often
 indeed, has pride, vanity, avarice or party zeal, been fecn
 to  control  the judgment, and  fubdue  the  man !  But it
 will be lefs ufeful  and lefs adapted  to  our prefent pur-
 pofe, to analize this  propenfity,  than to confider its effeds,
 and  guard  ourfelves  againft its  influence.
  The hiftory of medicine, and  of many other branches
 bffcience,  furnifhes us with  a fpecific  detail of the fuc-
 Ceflive triumphs, not of truth, but of one fyftem of fpecula-
 tive error over another.

  The philofophy of Pythagoras yielded to that of Arifto-
 tle, which, though a fyftem of unfounded  conjectures, was
 the popular philofophical creed till Des Cartes, by  aflump-
tions equally bold and unwarranted, triumphed at once over
the prejudices of the world, and the long eftablifhed theory
                                                  of 
                                                   _9_
6f  the  Grecian Lycasurii.   The vortices of the ingenious
Gailican theorift, it is true, have long fince been fubverted
by  the power of truth, and the difcoveries of Sir Ifaac New-
ton ; who, to adopt the language of a celebrated aftrono-
mer,  " has eftablifhed a fyftem on fuch an  everlafting
** foundation of mathematical and phyfical demonstration,
" as can never be fhaken." But even under the powerful light
Of the Newtonian principles, attempts have not been want-
ing to introduce philofophical chimeras.

  Revolutions in medicine have been analogous to thofe
of its lifter fcience.  Until about  four hundred years before
the chriftian  ??rtt, the hiftory of medicine is obfcure and
indiftind.   The adive induftry and watchful diligence  of
 Hippocrates enabled him to colled the improvements, which
time and obfervation had  made  in the healing art.  But
the method of Hippocrates, though founded in "nature, as it
exaded the exercife of patient, and fometimes painful dili-
gence, was foon  forfaken, and romantic conjedure  intro-
duced in its ftead.  The precepts  of this fo juftly cele-
brated phyfician were derided,  his pradice was profcribed,
and the medical world  was divided into a variety of feds,
charaderized by  a blind devotion to their own peculiari-
ties.  Celfus contributed to preferve, and Galen to improve
the art, although  each  attached to it his own hypothefis.
The fyftem of Galen prevailed almoft univerfally in Europe,
when by that vaft inundation of barbarians from the north*
                          B                   fciencej 
  id
fcience, the elegant arts and the  Roman empire, were at
once overwhelmed.  During the long  period in which Eu-
rope was benighted with  Gothic  ignorance, fcience  took
refuge among the Arabians, by whom the art  was not only
preferved, but enriched by the acquifition of fome  valuable
fimples, but more efpecially,  by the  development of che-
mical principles.
  The introdudion of chemiftry, a fcience which has dif-
played in the moft vivid colours, the ftrength and the weak-
nefs of the human underftanding, formed  a new aera in the
hiftory of medicine.  All the phenomena of  the  human
body were refolved into chemical operations.  Although the
difcoveries, which accompanied this  fyftem,  were of the
higheft confequence to the healing  art, the hiftory of  che-
miftry exhibits to  us the extreme credulity and infatuation
of Paracelfus and his difciples.

  Between the chemical and the Cullenfian fyftem, we
ihall barely recognize the metaphyfical theory of Stahl, and
the mechanical dodrines of Bellini and Boerhaave.   Cullen
has fuccefsfully affailed the fyftem of the fchools at the  time
of his writing ;  but fo far as his theory is hypothetical, it is,
no doubt, doomed  to a fimilar fate with thofe  which have
preceeded it.

  It would be improper to withhold the tribute of gratitude
and refped due to thofe charaders, both of ancient and mo-
                                                dern 
II
dern times, who by their  application and zeal, have dif-
tinguifhed themfelves in the caufe of fcience and mankind,
For although  in  their hiftory we can frequently difcern a
grofs perverfion  of talents ;  although  they  have  often
made fads to conform to, and fupport, their preconceived
fyftems : Yet J prefume it may be affirmed with truth, that
in medicine, hypothefes have  been eftimated more highly in
the  fchools, than in the chambers of the  fick.  The great
Athenian phyfician, whom  we have already had occafion
to mention, fo celebrated as an accurate obferVer of nature,
always appeared  to difadvantage when  he  attempted  to
theorize—and Sydenham, who has  been  recognized as the
Britilh  Hippocrates,  and who reprobated ail fpeculative
and  hypothetical  purfuits, is,  at times, found  to wander in
the regions of vifionary conjedure.   Though adopting dif-
ferent dodrines in fpeculation, Boerhaave and  Cullen, were
both held in high eftimation for their Arid attention to the
phenomena of nature, and fkilful  treatment of  difeafes.
The great misfortune has been,  that the talents of fome of
the moft ingenious omen have  been exhaufted,  in the dark
and illimitable regions of conjedure, while they might have
been advantageoufly employed in  the inveftigation of nature
and its laws, by the gradual but certain method of obferva-*
tion and experiment.

 From the preceding, though curfory, view of thepaft ftate of
the healing art, we havereafon to felicitate ourfelves on the pre-
                                                    fent 
12
 improvements in this interesting profefllon.   Since the dif-
 covery of the circulation of the blood by Harvey, and the
 restoration of the Hippocratic method of improving the art,
 a total reform has taken place; and all theory, not refulting
 from obfervation,  conformably to the Newtonian principles
 of philofophifjng, is rejeded as vain and delufive.

   The ancient Grecians,  ever  ambitious, of great designs,
 and happy in expedients for their accomplifhment, introdu-
 ced the cuftom of exposing in places of public refort,  fuch
 of their fick as were afflided with difeafes, which would not
 yie)d to ordinary remedies; that the unhappy fufferers might
 avail themfelves of the information of thofe who had noticed
 the cure of similar difeafes.  The pradice of modern times,
 though analogous, is more wife and efficacious.  The eftab-
 lifhment of philofophical, medical and humane focieties, in
 Europe and the United States,  has had a happy influence in
 calling forth the efforts of genius, in exciting  to adive and
 perfevering diligence, and in diftufing their abundant fruits
 through the world.  By  the  liberal and. enlightened fpirit
 which pervades and animates thefe institutions, knowledge
 has become the property, not of individuals or of particular
 aflbciations, but of man.

  To the  influence of this fpirit we are indebted for the ex-
istence of this fociety, and for the beneficial  effects which
Jiave refulted therefrom,.
                                                 This 
                                                    13
   This day, agreeably to the laws of this fociety, is appro*
 priated for  inviting the public attention to the benevolent
 objeds of the eftablilhment; and the prefence of this aflembly
 evinces the interest felt by the public in its  profperity.  In-
 deed ! the happy coincidence of moral and  physical views,
 cannot fail to recommend the inftitution to  the approbation
 and patronage of all, who wifli to encourage either moral or
 philofophical improvement.
   On the fubjecl: which may be considered as the proximate
 caufe of this inftitution, I difclaimany fpecial information.
 So far as my knowledge enables me to fpeak,  no difcoveries
 have been made on the fubjedof refufcitation, butwhat are
 in yourpofleflion. I have wirnefTedfeveral inftances  of drown-
 ing, both with  and without reanimation ; but as nothing
 occurred  in the former, but  what perfedly  correfponds
 with similar inftances on your records or files, I {hall forbear
 their recital.
   The reanimation of bodies apparently dead, is one  of
 the moft interefting difcoveries of modern times  ; and the
 fuccefs which has attended the procefs  has  been truly fur-
 prizing.   The fubjed has awakened the attention, and com-
manded the exertions, of  the learned and humane  in almost
 every civilized nation.   Hence have originated focieties for
the highly laudable purpofe of encouraging all pcrfons, both
by honorary and lucrative rewards, to attempt to refcue from
                                            deftrudion 
  14
deftrudion fuch as  are ready to perijh.  But by this institu-
tion more extendve objeds have been embraced, than  are
ufually  contemplated by  similar focieties in Europe; and
provision  has been  extended  as far  as poflible, to furnifh
with the  means of Ihelter and of comfort, the  hardy and
enterprizing  feaman, whom accident or tempeft may have
destined to the perils and  horrors  of Ihipwreck.   Happy
inftitution ! Which while  it is calculated to refine the bene-
volent principles of the heart, and to ftimulate to  physical
refearch, addrefles itfelf fo powerfully to the love of fame, and
even avarice itfelf,  as to engage thofe  felfifli but influential
passions in the caufe of virtue, of fcience, and of humanity.
 
*s
                      APPENDIX.
    The Society have received the following Communications fince

                      their lajl Publication.
                               I.
  LETTER from Dr. HAWES, Regijler of the ROYAL  HUMANE
  SOCIEfTin LONDON, to the CORRESPONDING SECRETARY

                                      London, June 7th, 1794.
      SIR.

 X  BEG your Acceptance of the Annual Report,  arid requeft the favor
 of  you to prefent the others to the friends of the Maflachufetts Humane
 Society.—I flatter myfelf that you, and the candid part of mankind will
 perufe this annual tribute of Humanity, Corde benigno.

   The Managers of the Royal Humane Society defirea1 me to return you
 their thanks for the Rev. Mr. Clarke's ingenious Difcourfe, and the fame
 are due from myfelf.  Be  affured  that I moft ardently wifh profperity
 to  the Maflachufetts Humane Society ;  and  particularly health, happi-
 nefs and long life to you, and the friends  of that philanthropic and noble
 lnltitution.
                                    Your's moft refpecHulIy,

                                         WILLIAM  HAWES.
 Rev. Dr. Parker, Correfponding Secretary
  to the Majfachufetts Humane Society.


                   ■M
                              II.
                                 Plymouth, Sept.  29th, 1794*

(Jn, or about the firft inftant, Capt. B.Churchill, an aged man, paffing
near the lower bridge in this town, was accofled by a child, and told that
a boy was  in the water.   Capt.  Churchill looking from the wharf*  ob-
ferved a hat fwimming on the water,  but nothing more ; and  the child
Which accofted him being very young, he could obtain from him no par-
                                                        ticular 
i6
ticular information.   He immediately made an  outcry, and Mr. ft.
Hedge, jun. with two perfons who were at work for him in  a neigh-
bouring ftore, repaired to the fpot.  It was nearly high water, and the
bottom could not  be  difcerned.   While they  were  earneftly  looking a
bubble was perceived to rife from the bottom.   Dolphin Garter, a negro
man (one of the perfons at work with^Mr. Hedge) inftantly dived down
at the fpot from whence the bubble afcended.  He rofe without the boy*
He plunged again  and brought him up.   It proved to be the fon of Mr.
George Churchill.  There were no figns of life in him when firft brought
on fhore.  He was at firft rubbed on the back with a woolen garment.
It was urged by fome perfons prefent, that he fhould be rolled on a cafk.
This was oppofed by others.  But he was finally rolled—He was then
conveyed to a neighbouring houfe; but before he reached the houfe fome
figns of  life  appeared, and in a fhort time afterwards, under the care of
Dr. Thacher he was perfectly recovered, and delivered to his mother.

  The Boy was about eight years of age.  It cannot be afcertained how
long he was in  the water, as no perfon faw him fal)s  but the child above-
mentioned. It is  judged however,  that he was under water at Icaft ten
minutes.

  The exertions of Dolphin were prompt and fpirited, and happily fuc-
cefsful.  Thefe circumftances are colledled and certified, that the  T.ruf-J
tees  of the Humane Society  may  be enabled  to  determine whether,
according to the rules of the Society, he is entitled to a reward.

                                       JOHN DAVIS,
                                       JAMES THACHER,
                                       ISAAC LOTHJLOP,
                                       CHANDLER ROBBINS.

To the Hon. Prefident, and Truftees of the
   Humane Society of Majfachufetts.
/V. B. The above Reprefentation being made by fome of the moft refpefl-
    able characters in Plymouth,  the Truftees ordered a reward of Ten
    Dollars to be paid to the laid Dolphin Garler.
To 
*7
                                III.

         To the Massachusetts  Humane Society.

     Gentlemen,

 A  ERMIT me to  lay before you the following relation of an unfile-
 cefsful attempt to recover a  drowned  perfon ; together  with fome
 remarks on  the circumftances of  the unhappy  accident.—The perfon
 was a young man belonging to this town, aged 2,1.   He  was drowned
 at Butler's  ferry, June 2111,1794.

   He had been fomewhat unwell the day before his death j  and in the
 morning immediately preceeding it,  befide other fymptomsof indifpo-
 fition, he complained of a pain in his fide.  By his own choice he was
 allowed to tend  the ferry, which the gentleman owned with whom he
 lived, inftead of going to labour  in the field.  He had crcfTed the river
 feveral times in the courfe of the forenoon, and was returning with a
 couple of female pafTengers,  who perceived his countenance  to alter
 considerably by the way  :  they had nearly reached the fhore, when one
 of the ladies obferved a particular wildnefs in the look of his eyes, and
 fome inconfiftency of conduct; and foon after, he jumped (as it was faid)
 with his oar, from the boat into the water.  Inftead of alternately fink-
 ing and riling in the ufual manner, he  continued floating  with his head
 above the water for the fpace of two  or three minutes, or longer,  and
 then funk  to the  bottom.  It is  faid by  his parents and perfons with
 whom he  lived, that  he  had  been fubjecl to fainting fits j and  I think
 it very probable he was going into one of thefe,or fome one worfe, when
 he jumped from the boat :  I conclude fo  from his having  been unwell j
 from the fudden alteration of his  countenance ;  from his jumping over-
 board, which he certainly would not have  done had he had his fenfes at
 that time j and more  efpecially, from his  continuing  above the water,
 after he had jumped in, inftead of finking : He could not have continued
 above the water, in the manner he did,  had not the fit  that   was  coming
on put a flop to his breathing, for he was no fwimmer.  It is faid  hd
continued   under water about ten  minutes, * and perhaps  it was nearly
as long again before any  thing could be done for his recovery :   But
                             C                         proper

 * And for feveral reafons I am inclined to think he did much longer. 
r8
proper  afliftance  was immediately called for, and  the  means  found
generally ufcful in fuch cafes were moft diligently employed for nearly
three hours j when no figns of life appearing he was given over.f
   It  was  expe&ed by many, that he might be reftored to life ; and
the fhort time he was in the water,  together  with  the advantages  that
offered for  the  ufe  of our beft  endeavours, I  muft  confefs, feemed to
flatter fuch an expectation ; but the  condition he was in when he
jumped from the boat, I  think rendered his cafe particularly defperate.
   It is well known that fubmerfion proves fatal  by producing  fuffoca-
tion ; fuffocation,  or a ceflation of  the  action of  refpiration, however
occafioned4 always brings on an apoplectic ftate of the brain, or a preter-
natural congeftion of blood in the veflels of  the head.   The manner in
which fuffocation produces this effect is well  known to  Anatomifts and
Phyfiologifts, and needs no explanation  here, as  mentioning the fact is
Sufficient for my prefent purpofe.
   What would be the particular effects of fubmerfion on the fyftem of a
perfon, already  under a partial degree of fuffocation and apoplexy from
any other caufe, I do not know : But I think the moft  obvious conclu-
sion is, that a greater degree of congeftion would be  induced, than  from,
fubmerfion when the fyftem was entire.
   When the young man jumped from the boat, I fuppo<e he was going
into a fit of fome kind, and confequently, that he was more or lefs apo-
plectic; or that the condition he was in was  particularly favourable to a
congeftion of blood in the veflels of the brain; and by the additional
hurtful cffecls of the water, fuch a morbid degree of apoplexy was pro-
                                                           duced

 \ The Methods of Treatment recommended by the Maflachufetts and other
     Humane Societies were as exactly followed as we were  capable of.—A$
     we had no Fumigator a common pipe was ufed, but with no advantage
     that I  could perceive, as we could throw up no fmoke with it.—Before
     any phyHcian had arrived, fome perfon  had  opened a  vein in  the arm,
     from which there was a fmall efTbfion of blood during the whole procefs.
 £ Hanging  by the neck;  fainting,  hyfteric, epileptic,  and other  fits ; all
     difagreable odours; the noxious vapours arifing from  burning chatcoal;
     from fome  metals when calcining;  from fermenting wine, &c. the me-
     phitic  air (or the fire and ehoak -damps as they are called) of caverns,
     deep wells,  and coalpits; and many other things produce fufFocation
     and apoplexy, and fometimes immediate death* 
i9
 tfticed as  rendered every endeavour, however  affiduoufly employed for
 his recovery , ineffectual.   This I  offer with diffidence, as my opinion,
 and  I  am the more efpecially  inclined to afcribe our failure to fome
 particular fatality in the cafe,  as the profpecl  of fuccefs in every other
 refpeft, was truly promifing.
   Before we had finifhed our operations, the face became very livid, and
 the Abdomen much tumefied ; and foon after the  corfe was laid  out*
 there came on a large profufion  of blood from the nofe, which continued
 to increafe for feveral hours : At length the blood iflued alfo from the
 mouth and  eyes,  and the latter were very tumid—the whole presenting
 a moft horrid fpe<Stacle.   The body alfo purged confiderably—and at the
 time of the  funeral (which was the next afternoon)  on account  of the
 ghaftly appearance and  the offenfive ftench that accompanied,  it was
 thought prudent that the corfe mould not be feen.
    I  am  forry that I am  obliged to acknowledge this  to be a fecond
 inftance of  fatal fubmerfion  that  has  happened in this town,  within
 the fpace of  about ten months,  notwithftanding the  moft  indefatigable
 exertions for reanimation in both cafes.
   Whether this muft be attributed to our directions not being given and
 executed  with judgment and propriety ; or to the unfavourable circum-
 ftances of the former cafe, and to what I have conjectured in  the lattery
 I  am notable to fay : This however I am confcious of, we did as  well
 as we knew how.
   As I have fpoken of the other cafe, I cannot well forbear giving a
 detail of it.   The perfon was a  young man, of a vigorous, robuft habit
 of body, about 22 years of  age.   He was  drowned upwards of  a  100
 rods above Tucker's Ferry* in this  town,   in the firft of the evenings—
 Sept.  1793.—He. was in a bathing, with but one companion;  and wad-
 ing beyond  his length, became  unable to  help  himfelf (as he was no
 fwimmer) and funk to the bottom in the ufual  manner.  He neceflarily
 remained in  the water till his companion had obtained help, by calling,
 fufficient to take a teamboai from the oppofite fhore, at the ferry-place, up
 againft the ftream to where he was  ; and then they were not able  im-
 mediately to take him up.   In the mean time (for want of  proper direc-
 tions) fire was taken from the ferryman's houfe on the eaftern fhore, and
carried to where the young man  was taken  out of the  river  on the wef»
tern fhore, for the purpofe of building a fire, by the fide of which, on
the cold ground j and in the  cool air, (for it was quite cool that evening) 
20
he was fuffered to lie till Dr. Carigainan^ myfelf arrived  j  we covered
him  as well as we could with fome  loofe cloathes, and ordered  him to
be carried directly to the ferryman's houfe,  where by the application of
warm cloths  and continued frictions, we excited  a degree of warmth
equal to the natural, in all the external parts, and kept them in that con-
dition for nearly four hours, ufing every other means to the beft of our
judgment—but to no purpofe.

   As a principle of humanity and benevolence was the only motive that
induced me to offer this paper to the  Humane Society,  I fancy  they
will require no apology  for the many  inaccuracies   which,  without
doubt, it contains.
   Imprefled  with fentiments of the higheft veneration and  efteem for
this and all other philanthropic inftitutions,
                  I am, with refpect, Gentlemen,
                       Your humble fervant,
                             RICHARD  HAZELTINE, jun.

     Concord, (N.H.) November 29,  1794*



                            IV.

                           BOSTON, November 7,  1794*
     Gentlemen,

1 HAVE the honour to tranfmit to you a vote of the Truftees of the
Humane Society  of the Commonwealth of Maflachufetts ;  granting
feventv two dollars,  for the purpofe of erecting two huts in the  moft
expofed places on your  Ifland, for the purpofe of preferving the lives  of
thofe who may be unfortunately ihipwrecked  on that fhore.

   The Truftees requeft the favour of the Selectmen, to  point out  the
moft expofed places, to contract for, and fuperintend  the building thefe
huts, and to  fee them conftantly fupplied with a  tinder-box, hatchet, dry
fuel, a few candles, and dry fea weed.   Whatever expence they may be
at, not exceeding the above fum,  they will pleafe to draw for on the
Rev. Dr. Howard, Treafurer of the Society*  and their  draft  will be
honoured  at fight. 
21
  The Truftees flatter themfelves, that the principles of humanity and
benevolence, will be fufficient to induce the Selectmen of Nantucket, to
undertake this bufinefs, which may be the means, under Providence,  of
faying the lives of many of our fellow creatures,
             I have the honour to be, Gentlemen,
                  Your moft humble fervant,
                            S. PARKER, Correfponding Secretary*
The Selectmen of Nantucket.

                        ——tai.....

                             V.
                          NANTUCKET, December 10, 1794.
     Respected  Sir,

 VV E  have to acknowledge the receipt of your favour of the 7th ulf.
inclofing a vote of the  Humane Society,  granting the fum  of Seventy-
two dollars, for the purpofe of erecting two Huts on our Ifland, for  the
prefervation of the lives of any Seamen,who may be unfortunately caft on
fhore.   We admire the benevolent principles by which the fociety  are
actuated, and moft chearfully have entered upon that part of the  bufinefs
affigned us by the Truftees ;  we have pointed out the moft fuitable places,
have procured  the materials, and contracted for the building the faid
huts, one of which is nearly  compleated, the  other will  be built foon ;
we have agreeably to your inftructions drawn on  the Rev. Dr. Howard
for feventy two dollars, the fum ftipulated by the Truftees ;  the  bill;
will confiderably  exceed that fum, owing to the remote fituation faid
houfes  occupy, and  the high price of lumber here at this time ; but the
deficiency we will readily fupply, and  will take care they fhall  be con-
ftantly  fupplied with neceflaries,  and kept in good repair.
    We have the honour to be with  due refpedt to  the Society, the
       Truftees,  and yourfelf,
                SIR,      Your very  humble Servants,
                     TRISTRAM  HUSSEY,    ->
                     OBED HUSSEY,             St lea- Men
                     JOHN P1NKHAM,         ±     of
                     SILVANUS  MACY, jun.   [   Nantucket,
                     WILLIAM HAMMATT, J J
  Mt. Samuel Parker, Secretary to the \
     Humane Society  of Majfachujetts.   y                      VI. 
25
T
                               Vi.

       Ta the Prefident and TruJiees of the Humane Societ*.

   Gentlemen,

 X Was called to vifit A. P. on Sunday the 21ft  of February laft at 6
 o'clock, P. M. who, I found,  had  taken  20 grains  of crude opium at
 3 o'clock, P. M. of the fame day,  this  not having the expected effect*
 at half after four he took 9 grains more, with a defign of  deftroying his
 life as he declared,  and thinking he had taken enough to effect his pur-
 pofe had fent for two of his friends to take his leave of them.   They
 immediately applied to me.   .Aflbon as I had feen him  and underftood
 the ftate of the cafe, I propofed  to adminifter  to  his relief ;  but he
 ftrenuoufly refufed to take any thing, avowing that his intention was to
 deprive htmfelf of life  ; aflerting that he was a free agent,  and that, as
 fuch, he bad a right to  free himfelf from the calamities which he fuffered,
 and that no  one fhould interfere to" prevent the accomplifhment  of his
 object; and that he would  take nothing from me, as  I had no right to
 compel him  to  take medicine againft his  will.   I maintained  that he
 had, according to  his own  confeflion,  attempted to commit a  crime
 againft focicty and to deprive it of one of its members ;   that his  life
 was  the property tof fociety; and that as one of it I owed it as a duty*
 ib common  with every other  individual, to prevent, as  far as  I  had
 it in  my power, any injury which I faw coming upon it by the deftruction
 of any  of its members; in confequence of which I fhould, if he perfifted
 in Jiis  refufal of the medicine I intended  to give him,  compel him to
 take it; at length I prevailed on him to take the dofe, which was  eight
grains of tartar emetic, which not having any effect in 20 minutes, was
Followed by eight grains more ; this not operating in 20 minutes, I
diflTolved half a dram of fait of vitriol in hot water, this  is known to be
 a poweiful emetic,  and to be given only  in cafes of extremity,  where
 the fyftem requires a  fpeedy and powerful  remedy ; having  taken it
 he foon after began to puke, and difcharged very large quantities from
 his ftomach j amongft the matter difcharged, I found one piece of crude
 opium  of about 6 grains weight; but not thinking this fufficient, I gave
 him another half dram  of fait of vitriol, upon which he puked again very
 largely, till he  had emptied his ftomach.   Before this medicine began to
 operate he complained of dizzinefs and  general diftrefs, and  requefted
                                                          with 
S3
with great importunity to be let alone, and allowed to lay  on the bed,
and  not to be  kept in motion, as I had directed  from my firft  feeing
him, thinking that if torpor began it would be impoffible to roufe him ;
and as he had no  command of his  limbs, 1  directed his being kept in
motion by the  afliftance of a number of men.  Having feen but a li'tle
while before two cafes of this  kind  where fleep had taken place, and
every effort to roufe the patients had been ineffectual, I confidered it of
great importance in  the prefent cafe, although  he complained much of
our  cruelty in not fuffering him to lay on the bed, declaring that  the
efforts we made gave him  extreme diftrefs.   1  left him about  8 o'clock,
defiring that his friends would remain with him through the night, and
not allow him to fleep.   Having directed 4 ounces of tincturae facrze and
2 ounces of caftor oil to be given at two different  periods', both of which
I found  in the  morning he had puked up,' and complained of a feverc
head ach ; I prefcribedTanother ounce of caftor oil, which operated in
the forenoon, and he recovered perfectly in the courfe of the  day*

   It is not common that eftber'the  phyfician or  the friends  have it in
their power to determine the quantity of the drug, nor the time when
it was taken ; but as we could determine both thefe points, it  was  one
of my inducements for communicating this cafe.  In one of thofe which
I hinted at above, which proved fatal, neither the time or dofe could be
determined ;  but in  the other, which alfo teiminated fatally, the dofe
taken was half an ounce of liquid laudanum at n o'clock in  the even-
ing, but its  effect was not known till four the  next morning, and it
was not till  5 that I  faw her, when I in vain attempted by every ftimu-
lant in my power to roufe  her from her fatal  fleep.  This was a period
of feven  hours.  The time which elapfed in the cafe  which is the fubject
of the prefent communication,  from his taking  the  firft  dofe to  my
feeing him, was three hours.

   An opinion has prevailed, that acids, adminiftered after a large dofo
of opium had  been  taken and operated, would  correct its  dangerous
properties; to  this I cannot fubfcribe, for to me it appears  evident, that
the acid can only have  the power of rendering the nerves of the ftomach
upon which it acts, as well as the opium, infenfible to the operation of
that remedy ; this the acid cannot effect after the opium  has operated
upon the coats  of the ftomach.   To fatisfy  any  one let him make as
                                                          many 
H
many experiments as he pleafes, it will be found, that the acid, if given
after the opium  begins to operate, will not have the fmalleft power  of
correcting it's dangerous properties.   This error  no doubt  has  arifen
from obferving, that vinegar drank before a large dofe of opium has been
taken, will in a confiderable degree prevent the ufual effects of the medi-
cine ; but it ought not  to be relied on  as  a remedy  againft  a large
dofe of opium, particularly to the exclufion of the mo/2 aclive emetics.

                              I  am, &c.
                                               T. WELSH.
      Bojlon, March 2, 1795.
                   DONATION.

ITEM, I give and bequeath to  the Majfachufetts Humane
   Society  the Sum  of Fifty Pounds Lawful  Money.

   A trut Extract from the laft  Will of Mrs. Saviab Thayer, late of
      Bofton, deceafed.

                  Atteft;

                       RICHARD Wt COOPER,  Clk Prab.
'«»»»»*»SW^3»©'S3S«3<5«5!@®e««e«««*
PREMIUMS 
25
        PREMIUMS adjudged by  the TRUSTEES.

 X  HE Truftees, with pleafure, announce to the public the exertions
of fuch of their fellow citizens, as have been inftrumentai in faving from
death, a  number of perfons, who muft otherwife inevitably have perifhed ;
and as a reward, for fuch exertions,  the following premiums have been
adjudged fince  June 1794.
1794,                                                  Doll. Cts*
July, To Edward Holland and Jofhua Otis, for faving the
         life of George Wallis,    -                        2
Aug.  To NariusTownfend for faving the life of Sukey Keene,  2
       To William Oliver for faving a child of Mr»John Fifher,  2
       To James Withington for a child of Alice Bruce,  -  -  3
       To John Dodge and Jofhua Coleman for faving the life
          of Thomas Upfhell by taking him up at fea,   -     3
Sept.  To Jedidiah Currier  for faving a child of Mr. James
          Price from drowning.      -                      3
        To Ebenezer Waters for faving from drowning a child
          of Mr.  Jacob  Smith,      -                      2
        To Simeon Skilling and Jofeph Starr for faving the  life
          of Edward Wentworth when in danger of drowning,  6
        To Ifaac Dupee for a child of Capt. Merry,     -       2
 Octob. To Mrs.  Hofkins  for receiving into  her houfe the
          lifelefs  body of Hannah Bell,                      2
        To Prudence Cleever  for faving  John Chowden,       2
        To  Mitchel Lincoln and David Cole for faving the life
          of a  perfon who had fallen into  the mill creek,      2
        To  Thomas Aves  for faving the  life of Micah Orcutt,  4
        To  Do'phin Garler for faving the  life of a child of
 1795.    Mr. George Churchill of Plymouth,      -         10
 Jan.   To  John  Plumley for faving the life of William Brenton
          at. Fofter's wharf,           -         -           I   50
        To John Fovell,  George  Dunton  and John  Brown
          for faving the life of a fon of Mr. Parker, who had
          fallen through the ice in the mill creek,    -        17
 April,  To John  Walker for faving the life of Ebenezer Griffin,
          who was nearly drowned,         -                4
        To John Carman, Nathaniel Robbins and Abiel Pierce
          for faving  the life  of Rhoda Hardy, who plunged
          into the water at Weft Bofton bridge,      -        5
        And to DanieljTracy for receiving the faid RhodaHardy
          into his houfe and affifting in her recovery,     -      2

                    D                Premiums adjudged,  74  50 
26
J794>
June,
         Brought over,       ...
To the Organift and Sexton  of Brattle-flreet  church,
Printing Mr.  Barnard's difcourfe, and Mr. Andrews's
  account for binding in marble 50 of the fame,
To the Selectmen of Nantucket tor building two huts
   on faid Ifland,         *
To Cafh for 437 dollars and 23  cents State notes, at
   14/  per  pound,
To  cafh paid the meffenger for warning the meetings
   of the Truftees and femiannual meeting, delivering
   difcourfes, collecting fubfcriptions, &c.  &c.
Balance in the Treafurer's hands,
Doll. Cti.
  74   5°
   7
 32   25

 72

306   8
                                            Dollars,
                        Contra  Credit.
1794, By balance of laft year's account,
       By collection at the femiannual meeting in June,
       By intereft of funded flock,
Dec^o.By fubfcriptions paid to this day,
1795,  By intereft of funded ftock,
       By  fubfcriptions to  June ift,
       By Mrs.  Saviah Thayer's  legacy,
           Maiden Bridge Account.
By balance of laft  year's account,
One year's intereft funded ftock,
One year's dividend,


          Property of the Society.
6 per cent, ftock,
Dollars,
3 per cent,  ditto,
Deferred  ditto,
Union Bank (hares,
Maflachufetts 5 per cent.
ftock,
THE above appears  to be the ftate of the Treafurer's
  accounts as audited by  Ebenezer Storer and Willam
  Scollay, Efq'rs, June 8,  1795.   Since which he has
  purchafed 5 per cent,  ftock to the amount of  -  -
The above certificates are in hishands and the evidence
  of one  (hare in Maiden bridge.
 30
53«
12
1059	95
278	52
»s	73
65	28
89	12
79	49
261	16
166	°7
1025	97
4	84
6	64
22	50
1059	9S
1442	17
708	«3
334	5*
368	
568	56
342a  14
1000
4422  14
/-» r? T? Tyrr mo 
27
    OFFICERS of the  HUMANE SOCIETT for  1795,
      Hon. THOMAS RUSSELL, Efq;  Preftdent.
      JONATHAN  MASON, Efq; Firft Vice  Preftdent.
      JOHN WARREN, m. d.  Second Vice Preftdent.
      Rev. SIMEON  HOWARD, p. d. Treafurer.
      Rev. SAMUEL PARKER, d.  d. Correfponding Secretary,
      JOHN  AVERY, jun. Efq;  Recording Secretary.
         Rev. JOHN LATHROP, d. d.
         Rev.  PETER THACHER, d. d.
         Rev. JOHN CLARKE,            I   Trustees
         Dr. THOMAS WELSH,
         AARON DEXTER, m. d.
         NATHANIEL BALCH, Efq;
 CATALOGUE of the MEMBERS of the HUMANE SQCIETT.
                   Names and Places of abode.
JJON.  John Adams, Efq; putney, Samuel Banett, Efqj
   Vice  Preftdent of the United States. Mr.  John Barrett,
Mr. Thomas Adams,
Jeremiah Allen, Efq;
Mr. Thomas Amory, London,
Mr. Thomas Amory, jun.
Mr. Jonathan Amory, tert.
John Andrews, Efq;
Nathaniel Appleton,  Efq;
Mr. John  Apthorp, Cambridge,
Mr. Azor G. Archbald,
Mr Phineas Afhmun, Stockbridge,
Dr. Ifrael Atherto'n, Lancafter,
Rev. Noah  Atwater, Weftfield,
John Avery, jun, Efq;
James Avery, Efq. Machias,
Jonathan L. Auftin, Efq.
Hon. Benjamin Auftin, jun. Efqj
Dr. Jofiah Bartlct, Charleftown,
Dr. John Bartlet, Roxbury,
Mr. George Bartlet, Charleftown,
Dr. Thomas Bartlet,
Hon. Wm. Baylies, Efq;  Dighton\
Maj. William Bell,
Mr. Shubael Bell,
Rev. Jeremy Belknap, D. D.
Mr. Jofeph Belknap,
Mr. Nathaniel Bethune, Cambridge,
Mr. Edward Blake,
Mr. George Blanchard,
Samuel Blodget,  Efq; Haverhill,
Mr. William Boardman, jun.
Mr. Nathan Bond,
Mr. Kirk Boot,
Mrs. Elifabeth Bowdoin, 30/
Hon. James Bowdoin,  Efq;
John Boyle, Efq;
Samuel Bradford, Efq;
Nathaniel Balch, Efq;   *
Loammi Baldwin, Efq;  Woburn,
Mr. Luke Baldwin,
Jof. Barrell, Efq; Charleftown, 2of. Rev. John Bradford,^Roxbury,
Dr. Jofhua Backer, Hingham,      Mr. John Bray,
Rev. Thomas Barnard, Salem,     Sam. Breck., Efq; Philadelphia,  lof,
                                                        Mr. 
28
Mr.  i nomas Brewer,
Mr. Oliver Brewfter,
Rev. Jofiah Bridge, Eajl-Sulbury,
Hon. E. Bridge, Eiq;. Chelmsford,
Martin Brimmer, Elq; Roxbury,
Henry Bromfie.d, Efq;  Harvard,
Hon. John Brooks, Efq;  Meaferd,
Mr.  William Brown,
Mr.  jofiah Brown,
Pr. M.  Brown, jun. Brook field,
Mofes Bullen, Efq;  Medfield,
Mr. Jeremiah Bumftead, jun.

Hon. George Cabot, Efq; Brookline,
Maj. William Calder, Charleftown,
Mr. Jofeph Callender, jun.
Mr.  Samuel Cary, Chelfea,
Benjamin Clarke, Efq;
Rev. J  hn Clarke,
Mr. William Cleland,
Hon. David Cobb, Efq;  Taunton,
John Codman,  Efq;
Mr. Michael Collins, IVelflest.
John Collins, jun. Efq; Newport,
Samuel  Cooper, Efq;
Jofeph Cordis, Efqj Charleftown,
And. Craigie, Efq; Cambridge,  15/
Capt. Nathaniel Curtis,
Mr. Thomas Curtis,
Hon,Will.Cufhing,Efq;&;/aflr*,i8/
Hon. Nathan Cufhing, Efq; Scituate,
Thomas Cufhing, Efq;
Mr. Edward Cufhing,
Mr. Benjamin Clarke Cutler,
Mr. James Cutler,
Mr. Gerfhom Cutler, Berlin.
Hon.Fran.Dana,Efq; Cambridge ,2of.
Mr. William Dail, •
Mr. Peter Roe Dalton,
Mr. Samuel Dana, Groton,
Mr. Ifaac Davenport,
Hon; Caleb Davis, Efq;
Amafa Davis, Efq;
Robert Davis, Efq;
Hon. Thomas Davis, Efqj
John Davis, Efq; Plymouth,
Mr. Samuel Davis, Plymouth,
Mr. Jofhua Davis, jun.
Hon. Thomas Dawes, Efq;
Hon. Thomas Dawes, jun. Efq;
Mr. John  Deming,
Elias H. Derby, Efq; Salem,
Richard Devens, Elq; Charleftown,
Mr.  John Deverell,
Hon.iiam.Dexter,Efq; Wefton, 13/4^.
Aaron  Dexter, M. D.
Mr.  Thomas Dickafon, London,
William Donnifon, Efq;
Mr. Ebenezer Dorr,
Mr. Samuel Dunn.

Rev. Jofeph Eckley, D. D.
Samuel Eliot, Efq;
Juftin  Ely, Efq; iVeflfield,
Mr.  Thomas Englifli,
Mr. John Erving,
Rev. Oliver Everett, Dorchefter,
Mr. Jacob Euftis.

Thomas Farrington, Efqj
Mr. Richard Faxon,
Mr. Nathaniel Fellows,
Mr.  Thomas Fleet, jun.
Dwight Fofter, Efq;  Brookfield,
Mr. BolTenger  Fofter, Cambridge,
Mr. William Fofter,
Mr. Jofeph Fofdick,
Hon. Samuel Fowler, Efq; Weftfield,
Mr. Jonathan Freeman,
Rev. James Freeman.

Mr.  Caleb Gannett,  Cambridge,
Rev. John Sylvefter John Gardiner,
Capt. Lemuel Gardner,
Hon. E!bridgeGerry,Efq; Cambridge, 
29
Hon. Mofes Gill, Efq; Princeton,    Mr. Samuel Hunt,
Mr. Benjamin Goddard,           Mr. Henry Hunter.
John Gore, Efq;                 Mr. Jofeph Hurd,  Charleftown,
Mr. Samuel Gore,                Mr. Zaccheus Hufley,  Nantucket,
Stephen Gorham, Efq;             T    T  . r   rr   A7   ,    „  ,
Mrs. Catharine Gray, iSf.         J°na- Jackf?n' % Nnobur>-P*U
Mr.  Benjamin Gray,              ^ Jackfon> *#;
Mr. William Gray                Leonard Jarvis, Efq;
Edward Gray, Efq;                f Jtric.k Hr^ %.  & *
Rev. Thomas Gray, Roxbury,       *?r. i"h" Jenks' T^%r
Capt. John Gray, 20/            S^uJ  l" Coffi" Jon5lv ,^f<I?
Mr. Jofeph Green,                Stephen J.0"8' E'qs-^^w.
Mr. Richard Green,               £ol. Ifrael Junes,  Mams,
Col Peter G'een                 Mr* Thomas K' Jones»
Jofeph Green'eaf, Efq;            J*'" TG.eorfe S' J^nnot,
Enoch Greenleaf, Efq; Wefton,     Ul' Jonn J0/"
Daniel Greenleaf, F.iq;            Mr. John King,  Abingten,
Mr. John Greenleaf,              Mr. Jofiah Knap,
Mr. Thomas  Greenleaf,            Mr. John Kneeland,  Andover%
David S- Greenough, Efq;  Roxbury. Mrs. Sufannah Kneeland,
_    _,      rT ,,   -, ,.  ,      Mr. Thomas Knox.
Capt. Ebenezer Hall, Medford,
Mr. Nathaniel Hall,              Mr. William Lambert,  Roxbury.
Jofeph Hall,  Efq;                 Rev. John Lathrop, D. D.
Mr. Lott Hall, IVeftminfter. Vermont, Mr. John Lathrop, jun.
Hon Will.Hammett,Efq; Nantucket, Col. Silvanus Lazell, Bridgwater.
Mr. William Harris,              Thomas Lee, Efq; Cambridge^ icf.
Dr.  Lemuel Hay ward,             Hon. Benj. Lincoln, Efq; Bingham,
Mr. Caleb Hayward, tVefion,       Mr. William Little,
Mr. Mofes M. Haves,            Dr. James Lloyd,
Samuel Henfhaw, Efq; No. Hampton, Col. John Long, Shelburne.  ■
Stephen Higginfon,  Efq;           Mr. Caleb Lorina,
Henry Hill, Efq;                 Ifaac Lothrop4 Efq; Plymouth.
Mr. Thomas  Hichborn,            Mr. Jofeph Lovering, jun.
Mr. P. Hitchcock,  Brookfield,      Hon. John Lowell, Efq; Roxbury.,
Alexander Hodgdon, Elq;          John Lucas, Efq;
Hon. Samuel  Holten, EfM; Danvers.  Hon. S. Lyman, Efq; Springfield,
Capt. Michael Homer,            Mf> £dward McL
Rev. Simeon Howard, D D.       Mf ^ McLm|J>
Mr. Algernon S.  Howard,          Mr_ ,^ N> Ma„     rt'cltfcci,
Mr. Nathaniel Howe, Abtngton,         J                    ,
Mrs. Abigail Howard,            *>                  *     •>
n 
3°
 Jonathan Mafoo, jun. Efq;
 Mr. Ephraim May,
 Mr. Jofeph May,
 Mr. Pliny Merrick, Brookfield,
 Hon. George R. Minot, Efq;
 Rev. Jedidiah Morfc, D. D. Charlft
 Rev. John Murray,
 Hon. T. Newell, Efq; Sturbridge,
 Mr. Henry Newman.
 Mr. Andrew Oliver,
 Col. Robert Orr, Bridgewater,

 Hon. Robert T. Paine, Efq;
 Mr. William  Paine,
 Nathaniel Paine,  Efq; Worcefter,
 Rev. Samuel Parker, D. D.
 Mr. John Parker,
 Mr. Samuel Parkman,
 Mr.  Ifaac Pierce,
 Mr. Jofeph Pierce,
 Mr. John Peck,
 Mr. Thomas H. Perkins,
 Mr. Thomas Perkins,
 Mr. William Perkins, jun.
 Charles Phelps E% Hadley,
 Hon. William Phillips, Efq; Andover,
 Hon. Samuel Phillips, Efq;  Andoyer,
 William Phillips,  jun. Efq;
 Mr. Jofhua Pico,
 Mr. John Pipon,  Cambridge,
 Mr. Jofeph Pope,
 William Powell, Efq;
 Mr. William Pratt, Maldtn,
 Mr. Henry Prentifs,
 Rev. Tlfomas Prentifs, Medfieldi
Ezekiel Price,  Efq;
Edward Proctor, Efq;
William Pynchon, Efq;  Springfield^
Edward Pulling, Efq; Salem,
Mr. Sampfon Reed,
Col. Paul Revere,
John Rice, Efq;
  Rev. C. Robbins. D.D. Plymouth,
  Mr. Thomas Robinfon, Portland,
  Mrs. Hannah  Rowe,
 Hon. Tho. Ru(Tell,Efq;Prefident348/:
  Mr. Jofeph  Ruffell,
  Mr. John M.  Ruflell,
 Capt. Benjamin Ruflell,
 Mr. Samuel  Salifbury,
 Dr. Eraftus Sargeant, Stockbridge,
 Daniel Sargeant, Efq;
 Mr. Daniel Sargeant, jun.
 Mr. John Saunders, jun. Salem,
 William Scollay, Efq;
 Mr. William Selby,
 Hon. William Sever, Efq; Kingfton,
 William Sever, Efq; Worcefter,
 Hon. David Sewall, Efq; York,
 Samuel Sewall, Efq; Marblehead,
 Mr.  William Shattuck,
 Hon. Wm. Shepard, Efq; Weftfield,
 Mr.  Abel Sherman,
 Mr.  Elifha Sigourney,
 Mr. Nathaniel Sigourney,
 Mr.  Nathaniel Skinner,
 Dr. Oliver Smith,
 Mr. William Smith,
 Capt. Ifaac Smith,  Maiden,
 Capt. Stephen Smith, Machias,
 Abiel Smith, Efq;
 Capt. Nehemiah Somes,
 Mr. John Soren,
 Mr. David Spear,
 William Spooner, M. D.
 Mr. Andrew  Spooner,
 John Sprague Efq; Lancafter,
 Mr. David Stearns, Char left ovin,
 Mr. Zebina Stebbins, Springfield,
 William Stedman, Efq;  Lancafter,
Rev.  Samuel Stillman, D.D.
 Dr. Charles Stockbridge, Scituatt,
 Ebenezer Scorer, Efq; I %f.
 Mr. Ruflel Sturgis, 
3*
Hon. James Sullivan, Efq; 60/
Hon. I. Sumner, Efq; Roxbury,
Mr. Thomas Swain, Nantucket,
John Sweetfer, Efq;
Dr. Jofeph Taft, Weft own,
Rev. Peter Thacher, D.D.
Rev. Thomas Thacher, Dedham,
Dr. James Thacher, Plymouth,
t)r. Thomas^Thaxter, Hingham,
t)r. Stephen Thayer,
Hon. Jofhua Thomas, Efq; Plymo.
Mr. Jofhua Thomas \$f.
I.  Tiffany, Elq; Weft Stockbridge,
Dr. David Townfend,
Mr. Ifaac Townfend,
Mr. Edward  Tuckermaftj
William Tudor, Efqj
Charles Vaughan, Efqj
John Vinall, Efq;
Rev. B. Wadfworth, Danvers,
Eben. Wales, Efq; Darchefter,
Mr. Ephraim Wales,
Col. Jofeph Ward,  Newtown,
A. Ward, jun. Efq; Weftowrt,
Dr. Samuel Ware, Conway,
John Warren, M. D.
Henry Warren, Efq; Plymouth,
B: Waterhoufe, M. D. Cambridge^
George Watfon, Efq; Plymouth,
Col. Marfton Watfon, Marblehead,
 iofiah Waters, Efqj
 [r. John Waters,
Mr. Edward Wayne,
Arnold Willes, Efq;
Mr. Arnold Welles, jun.
Dr. Thomas Welfh,
Hon. Oliver Wendell, Efqj
Rev. Samuel Weft,
Mr. Jofhua Wetherly,
Dr. Jefle Wheaton, Wefto-jtn,
Mr. James  White,
Mr. Ezra Whitney,
Mr. Amos Whittemore,
Rev. J. Willard, D.D. Cambridgei
Mr. William Williams,
E. Williams, Efq; Weft Stockbridgei
Dr. Amos Windftiip,
Dr. Ifaac Winnow*  Marjhfield.
        HONORARY MEMBERS,
NATHANIEL ADAMS, Efq;  Portsmouth.
Rev. ANDREW BROWN, D. D.  Halifax.
AMMI RUHAMAH CUTTER. M. D. Portsmouth;
Capt. JOHN CALEF, St. Christophers, (Weft-Indies.)
Rev. JOHN ERSKINE, D. D. Edinburgh.
Dr. WILLIAM HAWES, London.
Rev. JOHN KEMP,  D.D.  Edinburgh.
Dr.  JOHN LETTSOM, London.
Hon. JOHN  LANG DON, Efq; Portsmouth.
Dr.  JOHN OSBORNE, Middletown, ( Conneliicut. ]
TIMO THY'PICKERING, Efq; Philadelphia.
Dr.  BENJAMIN RUSH, Philadelphia.
Hon JOHN PICKERING,  Efq:  Portsmouth.
Right Hon  EARL of STAMFORD, Lowdok.
Hon- JAMES SHEAFE, Efq;  Portsmouth 

Summary of the Method of Treatment  to be  ufed zvith perfons

               apparently  dead from  drowning.

    CONVEY  the perfon to the neareft convenient houfe, with his head
     raifed :—Strip and dry him as quick  as poffible ; clean the mouth
and noftrils from froth and mud—if a child, let him be placed between
two perfons naked, in a hot bed—If an adult, lay him on a hot blanket or
bed, and, in cold weather, near a fire—in warm weather, the air fhould be
freely admitted into the room.—The body is  next to be gently  rubbed
with warm woollen cloths  fprinkled with fpirits,  if at  hand, otherwife
dry :—A heated warming-pan may be now lightly moved over the back,
properly covered with a blanket—and the body, if of a child, is to be
gently fhook every few  minutes :—Whilft thefe means are ufing,  one
or two afliftants are to be employed in blowing up tobacco fmoke into
the fundament, with the inftrument  provided  for  the purpofe,  or  a
tobacco-pipe, if that  cannot  be had—the bowl filled with tobacco,  and
properly lighted,  being covered with a handkerchief, or piece of linen,
fo as to defend the mouth of  the afliftant in blowing :   Bathe the breaft
with hot rum,  and perfift in  the ufe of thefe means for feveral hours.
If no figns of life fhould then appear, let the body be kept warm feveral
hours longer, with hot  bricks, or  veflels  of  hot water,  applied  to the
palms of the hands,  and foles of  the  feet,  and  this for a longer or
fhorter time, as the circumftances  of  the cafe may dictate.

  *^» The Truftees of  the Humane Society  of the Common-
       wealth of Maffachufetts have procured  five fets of Tobacco
       Machines, for the  recovery of perfons apparently dead,  front
       drowning, fuffocation, &c. and  have depofited  them,  for the
       relief of the unfortunate, in feveral par:s of the town of  Bofton ;
       one with  Dr. L. Hayward, in Newbury-Street—another  with
       Dr. Warren,  in  South School-Street—a  third with Dr.  Dexter,
       in Milk-Street—a fourth  with Dr. Townfend,  Middle ftreet—
       and the fifth with the  Rev.  Dr. Lathrop,  North-Square.
V7M»&^i6>>6i£3J^€5^^ 
 
 
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