Head Ojiarters, Peeks-Kul, G E ^N E R AL G%R. D E R S For the ÁRMY under the Cofñmand,of Brigadier General M'Dougall. HE Rank and File of each Company will be equally divided among the Serjeants; -who are to take a Roll of their Üiviííon or Squad, atid be anfwerable. that the Árms and Clothes of the refpeftiv.e Men given to them in Charge, be kept clean and in good Orden A Copy of the Roll, with the Serjeant's Ñame, who has Charge of the-Men, will be delivered tothe Captaihs, or Commanding Ófhcers óf the Companies; and they are to furniíh the Field Omcers of their Regiments with another Copy of the Roll of tke CompanyV in the Órder they receive it from the Serjeants. ... .The Troops will be regularly meffed, Six in each Tent, and the Roll óf Duty taken for each Regiment, by beginning with One Man outof each Tent of a Company, then a Second^ and a Third, &c. till the Men in each ■Teat and Company are enrolléd ín this Order, which will always take them rtearlyequal oüt.of each Tent, or; Mefs for Duty, and leave fome of their Comrádes to take Care of their Clothes, cqok their Viduals, and pre- vent either frbm bejng ftolen, as well as leave üjfficient Room for each'Mefs, in every Tent. The Coloneí, or Commanding Ófficer of each Uegimertt, will order a Copy of this Roll to be delivered to him; the Men paraded by Meffes, oppoíite to their Tents, and cauíe the Roll of each Company to be called in his Pre- fence, that he maybe certain of thefe Orders being carried into Execution, which are ib advancive of the Service, and the Comfort of the Troops. He malí a'nfwer íor the Execution of thefe Orders in his Corps; for no £x- cufe will be a'dmitted; í 1 "■n f mSTRÜCTIONS íbr SOLDIERS in the Service of the UñitedíStateSj, concerning the Means of preferving HEALTH* Of CLÉ AN LINES & HÉf T is extremely difficult to perfuade Soldiers that Cleanlinefs is aBfolutely neceffary tothe Health of an Army* I They can hardly believe that in a milítary State it becomes one of the Necejfaries óf Life. They are either JL too earelefsto pay any Attention to this Subjecl:, or they deceive themfelves by reafoning from Cafes, that are by no Means fimilar. Hitherto they have enjoyed a good State of Health, tho* they paid little or no At- tention to fuch Pundilios ; henee they conclude, that, tho'in the Army, they ftiall continué to enjoy an equal Degree of Health, under the like Degree of Negligenee : Such reafoning has proved fatal to thoúfands. They do not confider the prodigious Dhfereñce there is in the Circumftances of fiveor fix People, who live by them- felves on a Farrrij and of thirty or forty thoufand Men> who Uve together in a Camp. Theformer chiefly fub- fift on Vegetable Food'; they lódgewarm and dry, and they breathe in puré Air, which is not contamiriated by noxious Vapours : The latter in general fubíift too much on animal Food ; they íléep frequently on cold and damp Beds, and they breathe in foul Áir, that is conftantly injured by the very Breath of a Multitude ; and as frequently rendered much more dangerous by the Stench and Exhalations that arife from putrid Bodies* The Air is injured, as I have juft faid by the Breath of a Multitude and the perfpirable Matter that comes througfi the Pores óf the Skin helos tó extend thé Diforder» But the Blood and Offals of Cat- tle that are killed ilear the Camp, with the different animal Subftances that are daily thrown there by the Soldiers themfelves, muft foon fill the Air with a peftilential Smell, unlefs they are imaiediately re- moved or covered fufficiently deep". When the Soldier pours out Water, in which Fleíh has been boiled ; when in a peeviíh Mood he throws away Part of his Radon, becaufe it is too much roaíted, or becaufe it is not roafted enough; or even when he throws away Bones that are not well picked; he feldom confiders that fuch Things muft foon become putrid, and that he is fowing the S;eds of Difcafe and Üeath for himfelf or his Companions. The Soldier íhould Burn his Meat rather than throw it away : Hiftory informs us that great Armies have followtd this Rule. Soldiers are not fuppofed to be acqúaihted with the Art of preferving Health ; they are little Verfed in Books; but, to the Honour of American Soldiers, it is allowed that rtó men in Chriftendom of the famé Occupa- tion are fo well acquainted with their Bibles': Let them, once more, read the Hiftory and Travels of the Chil- dren of Ifrael while they continued in the Wildernefs, under the Conduét of Mofes ? and let them eoníider aC the lame Time that they are reading the Hiftory of a great Army, that continued forty Years in tíieir different Camps, under the óuidance- and Regulations of'the wifeíí: General that ever lived, for he was infpired. In the Hif- íory of thefe People, the Soldier muft admire the fingular Attention (that was paid to the Rules of Cleanlinefsé They wereobliged to waíh their Hands two or three Times a Day. Foul Garments were countedabominable; every Thing that was pollúted or dirty was abfolutely forbidden ; and fuch Perfoné as had Sotes or Difeafes in their Skin were turned out of the Camp*¿ The utmoft Pains were taken to keep the Air in which they breathed, free From Infeétion. They were eommanded, to have a Place wvthout the Camp, whither theyfí¿Quld][o,md haveaPaddle' with ' which theyjhoüld dig, ib that wheh they wenfabroad to edfe tkem'felves, theymight turh back an'dcover that which carne from thertf* Befides thefe general Regulations, it is alfo neceffary for the Prefervation of Health, that every Soldier be parti- cularl^¡atterttiv#to his owii Perfori. The Straw on which he íleeps íhould be frequently dried; and he Íhould newfpfead itJn damp Ground, when he can get tíurdles, Bark,Boards, Leaves, or any other drySubftance to pur jafiáer i¿f A Soldier íhould changé his Shirt and Stockin'gs once every two or three Days: Though his Stock of 'Xinen is fmall, a Shirt is foon waílied. Little Attention is due to the Colour, provided itbe clean. Women are never waríting in a Camp for fuch Offices. A Mart is feldom aware of the Quantity of noxious Matter that comes * t¿roug^his own Sfcln and is d'epofited on his Shirt; but if he takes up a Shirt that has been worn a few Days by another JPerfori, he is frequently offended by the difagréeabie Smell. % Theüarse fome Jf the Reafoiis why CléAnlíness of every Kind is neceffiry towards preferving Health in an Army : "They 'are ¿eaíbns which évery Soldier may underftartd ; but íhould he negleft to regúlate himfelf ac- cordin^fy, the¿Regimental Surgeon will doubtlefs attend to the Negled, and his Officets willfee that hedoes his ♦Duty. For etery Soldier by his Neglett not only endangérs his own Life, but the Lives of his Companions* Sí aturen or tn^God of Nature, has eommanded, that men who live in Camps íhould be cleaniy: Whoever ¿ro^es toó obftmate, or too ílothful to Obey this Gommand^ may exped to be puniíhed with Deatt^ or fufíer under fome dangerous Difeafé. * N*mh $. u f Dmu zfr xih 270 U572g 1777 \ -V i. -« "g.'" >m • - ■• "#; ''- ' ■ '. : ' - 5", 3Séíe#' . Sít&ga^fc ^Jfe!sSÍte_jijBBF Os